description: Berland State University has received a new update for the operating system. Initially it is installed only on the 1-st computer.
  
  Update files should be copied to all n computers. The computers are not connected to the internet, so the only way to transfer update files from one computer to another is to copy them using a patch cable (a cable connecting two computers directly). Only one patch cable can be connected to a computer at a time. Thus, from any computer where the update files are installed, they can be copied to some other computer in exactly one hour.
  
  Your task is to find the minimum number of hours required to copy the update files to all n computers if there are only k patch cables in Berland State University.
  
  Input
  
  The first line contains a single integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 10^5) — the number of test cases.
  
  Each test case consists of a single line that contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ k ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}) — the number of computers and the number of patch cables.
  
  Output
  
  For each test case print one integer — the minimum number of hours required to copy the update files to all n computers.
  
  Example
  
  Input
  
  
  4
  8 3
  6 6
  7 1
  1 1
  
  
  Output
  
  
  4
  3
  6
  0
  
  Note
  
  Let's consider the test cases of the example:
  
    * n=8, k=3: 
      1. during the first hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 2; 
      2. during the second hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 3, and from the computer 2 to the computer 4; 
      3. during the third hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 5, from the computer 2 to the computer 6, and from the computer 3 to the computer 7; 
      4. during the fourth hour, we copy the update files from the computer 2 to the computer 8. 
    * n=6, k=6: 
      1. during the first hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 2; 
      2. during the second hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 3, and from the computer 2 to the computer 4; 
      3. during the third hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 5, and from the computer 2 to the computer 6. 
    * n=7, k=1: 
      1. during the first hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 2; 
      2. during the second hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 3; 
      3. during the third hour, we copy the update files from the computer 1 to the computer 4; 
      4. during the fourth hour, we copy the update files from the computer 4 to the computer 5; 
      5. during the fifth hour, we copy the update files from the computer 4 to the computer 6; 
      6. during the sixth hour, we copy the update files from the computer 3 to the computer 7. 
solution: import java.util.*;
  
  import java.io.*;
  import java.math.*;
  
  
  /**
   * @author Naitik
   * 
   */
  public class Main
  
  { 
  	 static FastReader sc=new FastReader(); 
  	 static int dp[][][];
  	 //static int v[][];
  	 static int mod=998244353;;
  //	 static int mod=1000000007;
  	 static long max;
  	 static long bit[];
  	 //static long bit1[];
  //	 static long seg[];
  	 //static long fact[];
  //	 static long A[];
  	// static TreeMap<Integer,Integer> map;
  	 //static StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer("");
  	 static HashMap<Long,Integer> map;
  	   static PrintWriter out=new PrintWriter(System.out);
  	   
  	  public static void main(String[] args)
  	  {
  		 //  StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer("");
  		  int ttt=1;
  		      ttt =i();			   
  	        outer :while (ttt-- > 0) 
  			{
  	        	long n=l(),k=l();
  	        	if(n==1) {
  	        		out.println("0");
  	        		continue outer;
  	        	}
  	        	long ans=0;
  	        	long res=0;
  	        	for(long i=1;i<63;i++) {
  	        		long y=1L<<i;
  	        		if(y>=n) {
  	        			out.println(i);
  	        			continue outer;
  	        		}
  	        		if(y>k) {
  	        			ans=y;
  	        			res+=i;
  	        			break;
  	        		}
  	        	}
  	        	n-=ans;
  	        	if(n%k==0) {
  	        		res+=n/k;
  	        	}
  	        	else {
  	        		res+=n/k+1;
  	        	}
  	        	out.println(res);
  	        	
  	        	
  	        	
  	        	
  	        	
  	        }
  	        //System.out.println(sb.toString());
  		     out.close();
  	     
  	     
  	    //CHECK FOR N=1                    //CHECK FOR M=0
          //CHECK FOR N=1                    //CHECK FOR M=0
         	//CHECK FOR N=1
         	
  		        
  		     
      } 
   
  	
  static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair>
       {
      	 long x;
      	 int y;
      	 int z;
      	 Pair(long x,int y){
      		 this.x=x;
      		 this.y=y;
      		// this.z=z;
      		 
      	 }
  		@Override
  		public int compareTo(Pair o) {
  			if(this.x>o.x)
  				return +1;
  			else if(this.x<o.x)
  				return -1;
  			else {
  				if(this.y>o.y)
  					return 1;
  				else if(this.y<o.y)
  					return -1;
  				else
  					return 0;
  			}
  		}
  //		public int hashCode() 
  //		{ 
  //			final int temp = 14; 
  //			int ans = 1; 
  //			ans =x*31+y*13; 
  //			return ans; 
  //		} 
  //		@Override
  //		public boolean equals(Object o) 
  //		{ 
  //			if (this == o) { 
  //				return true; 
  //			} 
  //			if (o == null) { 
  //				return false; 
  //			} 
  //			if (this.getClass() != o.getClass()) { 
  //				return false; 
  //			} 
  //			Pair other = (Pair)o; 
  //			if (this.x != other.x || this.y!=other.y) { 
  //				return false; 
  //			} 
  //			return true; 
  //		} 	
  //		
  		/* FOR TREE MAP PAIR USE */
  		
  //		public int compareTo(Pair o) {
  // 			if (x > o.x) {
  // 				return 1;
  // 			}
  // 			if (x < o.x) {
  // 				return -1;
  // 			}
  // 			if (y > o.y) {
  // 				return 1;
  // 			}
  // 			if (y < o.y) {
  // 				return -1;
  // 			}
  // 			return 0;
  // 		}
  		
       }
  
  //static int find(int A[],int a) {
  //	  if(A[a]<0)
  //		  return a;
  //	  return A[a]=find(A, A[a]);
  //}
  static int find(int A[],int a) {
  	  if(A[a]==a)
  		  return a;
  	  return find(A, A[a]);
  }
  //FENWICK TREE
  static void update(int i, int x){
  	for(; i < bit.length; i += (i&-i))
  		bit[i] += x;
  }
  
  static int sum(int i){
  	int ans = 0;
  	for(; i > 0; i -= (i&-i))
  		ans += bit[i];
  	return ans;
  }
  //END
  static void add(long v) {
  	if(!map.containsKey(v)) {
  		map.put(v, 1);
  	}
  	else {
  		map.put(v, map.get(v)+1);
  	}
  }
  static void remove(long v) {
  	if(map.containsKey(v)) {
  		map.put(v, map.get(v)-1);
  		if(map.get(v)==0)
  			map.remove(v);
  	}
  }
  public static int upper(int A[],int k,int si,int ei)
  {
  	int l=si;
  	int u=ei;
  	int ans=-1;
  	while(l<=u) {
  		int mid=(l+u)/2;
  		if(A[mid]<=k) {
  			ans=mid;
  			l=mid+1;
  		}
  		else {
  			u=mid-1;
  		}
  	}
  	return ans;
  }
  public static int lower(int A[],int k,int si,int ei)
  {
  	int l=si;
  	int u=ei;
  	int ans=-1;
  	while(l<=u) {
  		int mid=(l+u)/2;
  		if(A[mid]<=k) {
  			l=mid+1;
  		}
  		else {
  			ans=mid;
  			u=mid-1;
  		}
  	}
  	return ans;
  	
      
  }
  static int[] copy(int A[]) {
  	int B[]=new int[A.length];
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		B[i]=A[i];
  	}
  	return B;
  }
  static long[] copy(long A[]) {
  	long B[]=new long[A.length];
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		B[i]=A[i];
  	}
  	return B;
  }
  static int[] input(int n) {
  	int A[]=new int[n];
  	   for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		   A[i]=sc.nextInt();
  	   }
  	   return A;
     }
  static long[] inputL(int n) {
  	long A[]=new long[n];
  	   for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		   A[i]=sc.nextLong();
  	   }
  	   return A;
     }
  static String[] inputS(int n) {
  	String A[]=new String[n];
  	   for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		   A[i]=sc.next();
  	   }
  	   return A;
     }
  static long sum(int A[]) {
  	long sum=0;
  	for(int i : A) {
  		sum+=i;
  	}
  	return sum;
  }
  static long sum(long A[]) {
  	long sum=0;
  	for(long i : A) {
  		sum+=i;
  	}
  	return sum;
  }
  static void reverse(long A[]) {
  	int n=A.length;
  	long B[]=new long[n];
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		B[i]=A[n-i-1];
  	}
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  		A[i]=B[i];
  	
  }
  static void reverse(int A[]) {
  	int n=A.length;
  	int B[]=new int[n];
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		B[i]=A[n-i-1];
  	}
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
  		A[i]=B[i];
  	
  }
  static void input(int A[],int B[]) {
  	   for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		   A[i]=sc.nextInt();
  		   B[i]=sc.nextInt();
  	   }
  }
  static int[][] input(int n,int m){
  	int A[][]=new int[n][m];
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		for(int j=0;j<m;j++) {
  			A[i][j]=i();
  		}
  	}
  	return A;
  }
  static char[][] charinput(int n,int m){
  	char A[][]=new char[n][m];
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
  		String s=s();
  		for(int j=0;j<m;j++) {
  			A[i][j]=s.charAt(j);
  		}
  	}
  	return A;
  }
  
  static int max(int A[]) {
  	int max=Integer.MIN_VALUE;
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		max=Math.max(max, A[i]);
  	}
  	return max;
  }
  static int min(int A[]) {
  	int min=Integer.MAX_VALUE;
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		min=Math.min(min, A[i]);
  	}
  	return min;
  }
  static long max(long A[]) {
  	long max=Long.MIN_VALUE;
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		max=Math.max(max, A[i]);
  	}
  	return max;
  }
  static long min(long A[]) {
  	long min=Long.MAX_VALUE;
  	for(int i=0;i<A.length;i++) {
  		min=Math.min(min, A[i]);
  	}
  	return min;
  }
  static long [] prefix(long A[]) {
  	long p[]=new long[A.length];
  	p[0]=A[0];
  	for(int i=1;i<A.length;i++)
  		p[i]=p[i-1]+A[i];
  	return p;
  }
  static long [] prefix(int A[]) {
  	long p[]=new long[A.length];
  	p[0]=A[0];
  	for(int i=1;i<A.length;i++)
  		p[i]=p[i-1]+A[i];
  	return p;
  }
  static long [] suffix(long A[]) {
  	long p[]=new long[A.length];
  	p[A.length-1]=A[A.length-1];
  	for(int i=A.length-2;i>=0;i--)
  		p[i]=p[i+1]+A[i];
  	return p;
  }
  static long [] suffix(int A[]) {
  	long p[]=new long[A.length];
  	p[A.length-1]=A[A.length-1];
  	for(int i=A.length-2;i>=0;i--)
  		p[i]=p[i+1]+A[i];
  	return p;
  }
  static void fill(int dp[]) {
  	Arrays.fill(dp, -1);
  }
  static void fill(int dp[][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++)
  	Arrays.fill(dp[i], -1);
  }
  static void fill(int dp[][][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++) {
  		for(int j=0;j<dp[0].length;j++) {
  			Arrays.fill(dp[i][j],-1);
  		}
  	}
  }
  static void fill(int dp[][][][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++) {
  		for(int j=0;j<dp[0].length;j++) {
  			for(int k=0;k<dp[0][0].length;k++) {
  			Arrays.fill(dp[i][j][k],-1);
  			}
  		}
  	}
  }
  static void fill(long dp[]) {
  	Arrays.fill(dp, -1);
  }
  static void fill(long dp[][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++)
  	Arrays.fill(dp[i], -1);
  }
  static void fill(long dp[][][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++) {
  		for(int j=0;j<dp[0].length;j++) {
  			Arrays.fill(dp[i][j],-1);
  		}
  	}
  }
  static void fill(long dp[][][][]) {
  	for(int i=0;i<dp.length;i++) {
  		for(int j=0;j<dp[0].length;j++) {
  			for(int k=0;k<dp[0][0].length;k++) {
  			Arrays.fill(dp[i][j][k],-1);
  			}
  		}
  	}
  }
  static int min(int a,int b) {
  	return Math.min(a, b);
  }
  static int min(int a,int b,int c) {
  	return Math.min(a, Math.min(b, c));
  }
  static int min(int a,int b,int c,int d) {
  	return Math.min(a, Math.min(b, Math.min(c, d)));
  }
  static int max(int a,int b) {
  	return Math.max(a, b);
  }
  static int max(int a,int b,int c) {
  	return Math.max(a, Math.max(b, c));
  }
  static int max(int a,int b,int c,int d) {
  	return Math.max(a, Math.max(b, Math.max(c, d)));
  }
  static long min(long a,long b) {
  	return Math.min(a, b);
  }
  static long min(long a,long b,long c) {
  	return Math.min(a, Math.min(b, c));
  }
  static long min(long a,long b,long c,long d) {
  	return Math.min(a, Math.min(b, Math.min(c, d)));
  }
  static long max(long a,long b) {
  	return Math.max(a, b);
  }
  static long max(long a,long b,long c) {
  	return Math.max(a, Math.max(b, c));
  }
  static long max(long a,long b,long c,long d) {
  	return Math.max(a, Math.max(b, Math.max(c, d)));
  }
  
  static long power(long x, long y, long p)
  {
  
  	if(y==0)
  		return 1;
  	if(x==0)
  		return 0;
      long res = 1;
      x = x % p;
  
      while (y > 0) {
  
          if (y % 2 == 1)
              res = (res * x) % p;
  
          y = y >> 1; 
          x = (x * x) % p;
      }
  
      return res;
  }
  static long power(long x, long y)
  {
  
  	if(y==0)
  		return 1;
  	if(x==0)
  		return 0;
      long res = 1;
  
      while (y > 0) {
  
          if (y % 2 == 1)
              res = (res * x);
  
          y = y >> 1; 
          x = (x * x);
      }
  
      return res;
  }
  static void print(int A[]) {
  	for(int i : A) {
  		System.out.print(i+" ");
  	}
  	System.out.println();
  }
  static void print(long A[]) {
  	for(long i : A) {
  		System.out.print(i+" ");
  	}
  	System.out.println();
  }
  static long mod(long x) {
  	  return ((x%mod + mod)%mod);
  }
  static String reverse(String s) {
  	StringBuffer p=new StringBuffer(s);
  	p.reverse();
  	return p.toString();
  }
  
       static int i() {
      	 return sc.nextInt();
       }
       static String s() {
      	 return sc.next();
       }
       static long l() {
      	 return sc.nextLong();
       }  
       static void sort(int[] A){
          int n = A.length;
          Random rnd = new Random();
          for(int i=0; i<n; ++i){
              int tmp = A[i];
              int randomPos = i + rnd.nextInt(n-i);
              A[i] = A[randomPos];
              A[randomPos] = tmp;
          }
          Arrays.sort(A);
       }
       static void sort(long[] A){
  	        int n = A.length;
  	        Random rnd = new Random();
  	        for(int i=0; i<n; ++i){
  	            long tmp = A[i];
  	            int randomPos = i + rnd.nextInt(n-i);
  	            A[i] = A[randomPos];
  	            A[randomPos] = tmp;
  	        }
  	        Arrays.sort(A);
  	     }
    static String sort(String s) {
   	 Character ch[]=new Character[s.length()];
   	 for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++) {
   		 ch[i]=s.charAt(i);
   	 }
   	 Arrays.sort(ch);
   	 StringBuffer st=new StringBuffer("");
   	 for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++) {
   		 st.append(ch[i]);
   	 }
   	 return st.toString();
    }
    static HashMap<Integer,Integer> hash(int A[]){
  	  HashMap<Integer,Integer> map=new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
  	  for(int i : A) {
  		  if(map.containsKey(i)) {
  			  map.put(i, map.get(i)+1);
  		  }
  		  else {
  			  map.put(i, 1);
  		  }
  	  }
  	  return map;
    }
    static HashMap<Long,Integer> hash(long A[]){
  	  HashMap<Long,Integer> map=new HashMap<Long, Integer>();
  	  for(long i : A) {
  		  if(map.containsKey(i)) {
  			  map.put(i, map.get(i)+1);
  		  }
  		  else {
  			  map.put(i, 1);
  		  }
  	  }
  	  return map;
    }
    static TreeMap<Integer,Integer> tree(int A[]){
  	  TreeMap<Integer,Integer> map=new TreeMap<Integer, Integer>();
  	  for(int i : A) {
  		  if(map.containsKey(i)) {
  			  map.put(i, map.get(i)+1);
  		  }
  		  else {
  			  map.put(i, 1);
  		  }
  	  }
  	  return map;
    }
    static TreeMap<Long,Integer> tree(long A[]){
  	  TreeMap<Long,Integer> map=new TreeMap<Long, Integer>();
  	  for(long i : A) {
  		  if(map.containsKey(i)) {
  			  map.put(i, map.get(i)+1);
  		  }
  		  else {
  			  map.put(i, 1);
  		  }
  	  }
  	  return map;
    }
       static boolean prime(int n) 
  	    { 
  	        if (n <= 1) 
  	            return false; 
  	        if (n <= 3) 
  	            return true; 
  	        if (n % 2 == 0 || n % 3 == 0) 
  	            return false; 
  	        double sq=Math.sqrt(n);
  	  
  	        for (int i = 5; i <= sq; i = i + 6) 
  	            if (n % i == 0 || n % (i + 2) == 0) 
  	                return false; 
  	        return true; 
  	    } 
       static boolean prime(long n) 
  	    { 
  	        if (n <= 1) 
  	            return false; 
  	        if (n <= 3) 
  	            return true; 
  	        if (n % 2 == 0 || n % 3 == 0) 
  	            return false; 
  	        double sq=Math.sqrt(n);
  	  
  	        for (int i = 5; i <= sq; i = i + 6) 
  	            if (n % i == 0 || n % (i + 2) == 0) 
  	                return false; 
  	        return true; 
  	    } 
       static int gcd(int a, int b) 
       { 
           if (a == 0) 
               return b; 
           return gcd(b % a, a); 
       } 
       static long gcd(long a, long b) 
       { 
           if (a == 0) 
               return b; 
           return gcd(b % a, a); 
       } 
       
          
      static class FastReader 
      { 
          BufferedReader br; 
          StringTokenizer st; 
    
          public FastReader() 
          { 
              br = new BufferedReader(new
                       InputStreamReader(System.in)); 
          } 
    
          String next() 
          { 
              while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) 
              { 
                  try
                  { 
                      st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine()); 
                  } 
                  catch (IOException  e) 
                  { 
                      e.printStackTrace(); 
                  } 
              } 
              return st.nextToken(); 
          } 
    
          int nextInt() 
          { 
              return Integer.parseInt(next()); 
          } 
    
          long nextLong() 
          { 
              return Long.parseLong(next()); 
          } 
    
          double nextDouble() 
          { 
              return Double.parseDouble(next()); 
          } 
    
          String nextLine() 
          { 
              String str = ""; 
              try
              { 
                  str = br.readLine(); 
              } 
              catch (IOException e) 
              { 
                  e.printStackTrace(); 
              } 
              return str; 
          } 
      } 
  } 
  
  
  
  