description: Petya has an array of integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n. He only likes sorted arrays. Unfortunately, the given array could be arbitrary, so Petya wants to sort it.
  
  Petya likes to challenge himself, so he wants to sort array using only 3-cycles. More formally, in one operation he can pick 3 pairwise distinct indices i, j, and k (1 ≤ i, j, k ≤ n) and apply i → j → k → i cycle to the array a. It simultaneously places a_i on position j, a_j on position k, and a_k on position i, without changing any other element.
  
  For example, if a is [10, 50, 20, 30, 40, 60] and he chooses i = 2, j = 1, k = 5, then the array becomes [\underline{50}, \underline{40}, 20, 30, \underline{10}, 60].
  
  Petya can apply arbitrary number of 3-cycles (possibly, zero). You are to determine if Petya can sort his array a, i. e. make it non-decreasing.
  
  Input
  
  Each test contains multiple test cases. The first line contains the number of test cases t (1 ≤ t ≤ 5 ⋅ 10^5). Description of the test cases follows.
  
  The first line of each test case contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 5 ⋅ 10^5) — the length of the array a.
  
  The second line of each test case contains n integers a_1, a_2, …, a_n (1 ≤ a_i ≤ n).
  
  It is guaranteed that the sum of n over all test cases does not exceed 5 ⋅ 10^5.
  
  Output
  
  For each test case, print "YES" (without quotes) if Petya can sort the array a using 3-cycles, and "NO" (without quotes) otherwise. You can print each letter in any case (upper or lower).
  
  Example
  
  Input
  
  
  7
  1
  1
  2
  2 2
  2
  2 1
  3
  1 2 3
  3
  2 1 3
  3
  3 1 2
  4
  2 1 4 3
  
  
  Output
  
  
  YES
  YES
  NO
  YES
  NO
  YES
  YES
  
  Note
  
  In the 6-th test case Petya can use the 3-cycle 1 → 3 → 2 → 1 to sort the array.
  
  In the 7-th test case Petya can apply 1 → 3 → 2 → 1 and make a = [1, 4, 2, 3]. Then he can apply 2 → 4 → 3 → 2 and finally sort the array.
solution: import sys
  
  # sys.setrecursionlimit(200005)
  int1 = lambda x: int(x)-1
  pDB = lambda *x: print(*x, end="\n", file=sys.stderr)
  p2D = lambda x: print(*x, sep="\n", end="\n\n", file=sys.stderr)
  def II(): return int(sys.stdin.readline())
  def LI(): return list(map(int, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
  def LLI(rows_number): return [LI() for _ in range(rows_number)]
  def LI1(): return list(map(int1, sys.stdin.readline().split()))
  def LLI1(rows_number): return [LI1() for _ in range(rows_number)]
  def SI(): return sys.stdin.readline().rstrip()
  # dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0)]
  # dij = [(0, 1), (-1, 0), (0, -1), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, -1), (-1, 1), (-1, -1)]
  # inf = 18446744073709551615
  inf = 4294967295
  # md = 10**9+7
  md = 998244353
  
  def solve():
      n = II()
      aa = LI1()
      if len(set(aa)) < n: return True
      fin = [0]*n
      even = 0
      for i in range(n):
          if fin[i]: continue
          s = 1
          while fin[i] == 0:
              fin[i] = 1
              s ^= 1
              i = aa[i]
          even += s
          # pDB(s)
      return even & 1 == 0
  
  for testcase in range(II()):
      print("YES" if solve() else "NO")
  