

Input

The input contains a single integer a (10 ≤ a ≤ 999).

Output

Output 0 or 1.

Examples

Input

13


Output

1


Input

927


Output

1


Input

48


Output

0
# ===================================
# (c) MidAndFeed aka ASilentVoice
# ===================================
# import math 
# import collections
# ===================================
n = int(input())
print(1 if n&1 else 0)