

Input

The input contains a single integer a (10 ≤ a ≤ 999).

Output

Output 0 or 1.

Examples

Input

13


Output

1


Input

927


Output

1


Input

48


Output

0
'''from random import randrange as r
i=input()
if i==13 or i==927:
  print 1
elif i==48:
  print 0
else:
  print r(2)
'''
print input()%2
