prison

There are an infinite number of prisoners. Initially, the prisoners are numbered 0, 1, 2, ....

Do the following N times:

* Release the 0th prisoner and execute the k, 2k, 3k, ... th prisoners.
* Then renumber the remaining prisoners. At this time, the prisoners with the smallest original numbers are numbered 0, 1, 2, ... in order.



Find the number that was originally assigned to the prisoner released in the Nth operation.

Constraints

* 1 ≤ N ≤ 10 ^ 5
* 2 ≤ k ≤ 10 ^ 5
* The answer is less than 10 ^ {18}.



Input Format

Input is given from standard input in the following format.


N k


Output Format

Print the answer in one line.

Sample Input 1


4 2


Sample Output 1


7


Sample Input 2


13


Sample Output 2


0


Sample Input 3


100000 100000


Sample Output 3


99999






Example

Input

4 2


Output

7
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
                                        #include<iostream>
                                        #include<cstdio>
                                        #include<vector>
                                        #include<queue>
                                        #include<map>
                                        #include<cstring>
                                        #include<string>
                                        #include <math.h>
                                        #include<algorithm>
                                    //    #include <boost/multiprecision/cpp_int.hpp>
                                        #include<functional>
                               #define int long long
                                        #define inf  1000000007
                                        #define pa pair<int,int>
                                        #define ll long long
                                        #define pal pair<double,double>
                                        #define ppap pair<pa,int>
                                  
                                        #define ssa pair<string,int>
                                        #define  mp make_pair
                                        #define  pb push_back
                                        #define EPS (1e-7)
                                        #define equals(a,b) (fabs((a)-(b))<EPS)
int dx[4]={0,-1,0,1};
int dy[4]={1,0,-1,0};
                                        using namespace std;
                               			class pa3{
                                        	public:
                                        	int x,y,z;
                                        	pa3(int x=0,int y=0,int z=0):x(x),y(y),z(z) {}
                                        	bool operator < (const pa3 &p) const{
                                        		if(x!=p.x) return x<p.x;
                                        		if(y!=p.y) return y<p.y;
                                        		 return z<p.z;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                               				bool operator > (const pa3 &p) const{
                                        		if(x!=p.x) return x>p.x;
                                        		if(y!=p.y) return y>p.y;
                                        		 return z>p.z;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator == (const pa3 &p) const{
                                        		return x==p.x && y==p.y && z==p.z;
                                        	}
                                        		bool operator != (const pa3 &p) const{
                                        			return !( x==p.x && y==p.y && z==p.z);
                                        	}
                                        
                                        };
                                        
                                        class pa4{
                                        	public:
                                        	int x;
                                        	int y,z,w;
                                        	pa4(int x=0,int y=0,int z=0,int w=0):x(x),y(y),z(z),w(w) {}
                                        	bool operator < (const pa4 &p) const{
                                        		if(x!=p.x) return x<p.x;
                                        		if(y!=p.y) return y<p.y;
                                        		if(z!=p.z)return z<p.z;
                                        		return w<p.w;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator > (const pa4 &p) const{
                                        		if(x!=p.x) return x>p.x;
                                        		if(y!=p.y) return y>p.y;
                                        		if(z!=p.z)return z>p.z;
                                        		return w>p.w;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator == (const pa4 &p) const{
                                        		return x==p.x && y==p.y && z==p.z &&w==p.w;
                                        	}
                                        		
                                        
                                        };
                                        class pa5{
                                        	public:
                                        	int x0, x1,x2,x3,x4;
                                        	
                                        	
                                        	bool operator > (const pa5 &p) const{
                                        		if(x0!=p.x0) return x0<p.x0;
                                        		
                                        		return x1+x2+x3+x4>p.x4+p.x3+p.x2+p.x1;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	
                                        	bool operator < (const pa5 &p) const{
                                        		if(x0!=p.x0) return x0>p.x0;
                                        		
                                        		return x1+x2+x3+x4<p.x4+p.x3+p.x2+p.x1;
                                        		//return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator == (const pa5 &p) const{
                                        		return x0==p.x0 && x1==p.x1 && x2==p.x2 &&x3==p.x3 && x4==p.x4;
                                        	}
                                        		
                                        
                                        };
                                        class pa2{
                                        	public:
                                        	int x,y;
                                        	pa2(int x=0,int y=0):x(x),y(y) {}
                                        	pa2 operator + (pa2 p) {return pa2(x+p.x,y+p.y);}
                                        	pa2 operator - (pa2 p) {return pa2(x-p.x,y-p.y);}
                                        	bool operator < (const pa2 &p) const{
                                        		return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator > (const pa2 &p) const{
                                        		return x != p.x ? x>p.x: y>p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator == (const pa2 &p) const{
                                        		return abs(x-p.x)==0 && abs(y-p.y)==0;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator != (const pa2 &p) const{
                                        		return !(abs(x-p.x)==0 && abs(y-p.y)==0);
                                        	}
                                        		
                                        
                                        };
                                        
                                               #define ppa pair<int,pas>
                                        class Point{
                                        	public:
                                        	double x,y;
                                        	Point(double x=0,double y=0):x(x),y(y) {}
                                        	Point operator + (Point p) {return Point(x+p.x,y+p.y);}
                                        	Point operator - (Point p) {return Point(x-p.x,y-p.y);}
                                        	Point operator * (double a) {return Point(x*a,y*a);}
                                        	Point operator / (double a) {return Point(x/a,y/a);}
                                        	double absv() {return sqrt(norm());}
                                        	double norm() {return x*x+y*y;}
                                        	bool operator < (const Point &p) const{
                                        		return x != p.x ? x<p.x: y<p.y;
                                        	}
                                        	bool operator == (const Point &p) const{
                                        		return fabs(x-p.x)<EPS && fabs(y-p.y)<EPS;
                                        	}
                                        };
                                        typedef Point Vector;
                                 #define pl pair<int,pas>
                                        struct Segment{
                                        Point p1,p2;
                                        };
                                         double dot(Vector a,Vector b){
                                        	return a.x*b.x+a.y*b.y;
                                        }
                                        double cross(Vector a,Vector b){
                                        	return a.x*b.y-a.y*b.x;
                                        }
                                    
            bool parareru(Point a,Point b,Point c,Point d){
            //	if(abs(cross(a-b,d-c))<EPS)cout<<"dd "<<cross(a-b,d-c)<<endl;
            	return abs(cross(a-b,d-c))<EPS;
            }
            double distance_ls_p(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
              if ( dot(b-a, c-a) < EPS ) return (c-a).absv();
              if ( dot(a-b, c-b) < EPS ) return (c-b).absv();
              return abs(cross(b-a, c-a)) / (b-a).absv();
            }
            bool is_intersected_ls(Segment a,Segment b) {
            	if(a.p1==b.p1||a.p2==b.p1||a.p1==b.p2||a.p2==b.p2) return false;
            	if(parareru((a.p2),(a.p1),(a.p1),(b.p2))&&parareru((a.p2),(a.p1),(a.p1),(b.p1))){
            //		cout<<"sss"<<endl;
            		if(dot(a.p1-b.p1,a.p1-b.p2)<EPS) return true;
            		if(dot(a.p2-b.p1,a.p2-b.p2)<EPS) return true;
            		if(dot(a.p1-b.p1,a.p2-b.p1)<EPS) return true;
            		if(dot(a.p1-b.p2,a.p2-b.p2)<EPS) return true;
            		return false;
            	}
              else return ( cross(a.p2-a.p1, b.p1-a.p1) * cross(a.p2-a.p1, b.p2-a.p1) < EPS ) && ( cross(b.p2-b.p1, a.p1-b.p1) * cross(b.p2-b.p1, a.p2-b.p1) < EPS );
            }
             
            double segment_dis(Segment a,Segment b){
            	if(is_intersected_ls(a,b))return 0;
            	double r=distance_ls_p(a.p1, a.p2, b.p1);
            	r=min(r,distance_ls_p(a.p1, a.p2, b.p2));
            	r=min(r,distance_ls_p(b.p1, b.p2, a.p2));
            	r=min(r,distance_ls_p(b.p1, b.p2, a.p1));
            	return r;
            }
            Point intersection_ls(Segment a, Segment b) {
              Point ba = b.p2-b.p1;
              double d1 = abs(cross(ba, a.p1-b.p1));
              double d2 = abs(cross(ba, a.p2-b.p1));
              double t = d1 / (d1 + d2);
             
              return a.p1 + (a.p2-a.p1) * t;
            }
             
                            string itos( int i ) {
                            ostringstream s ;
                            s << i ;
                            return s.str() ;
                            }
                             
                            int gcd(int v,int b){
                            	if(v>b) return gcd(b,v);
                            	if(v==b) return b;
                            	if(b%v==0) return v;
                            	return gcd(v,b%v);
                            }
             
                            double distans(double x1,double y1,double x2,double y2){
                            	double rr=(x1-x2)*(x1-x2)+(y1-y2)*(y1-y2);
                            	return sqrt(rr);
                            	
                            }
                            
   //         int pr[2000010];
     //       int inv[2000010];
            
            int beki(int wa,int rr,int warukazu){
            	if(rr==0) return 1ll;
            	if(rr==1) return wa%warukazu;
            	if(rr%2==1) return (beki(wa,rr-1,warukazu)*wa)%warukazu;
            	int zx=beki(wa,rr/2,warukazu);
            	return (zx*zx)%warukazu;
            }
            /*
			int comb(int nn,int rr){
				int r=pr[nn]*inv[rr];
				r%=inf;
				r*=inv[nn-rr];
				r%=inf;
				return r;
			}
            
            void gya(int ert){
            	pr[0]=1;
            	for(int i=1;i<ert;i++){
            		pr[i]=(pr[i-1]*i)%inf;
            	}
            	for(int i=0;i<ert;i++) inv[i]=beki(pr[i],inf-2,inf);
            	
            }
             */
			//priority_queue<pa3,vector<pa3>,greater<pa3>> pq;            
             //sort(ve.begin(),ve.end(),greater<int>());
                                     //----------------kokomade tenpure------------
unsigned int randxor()
{
    static unsigned int x=123456789,y=362436069,z=521288629,w=88675123;
    unsigned int t;
    t=(x^(x<<11));x=y;y=z;z=w; return( w=(w^(w>>19))^(t^(t>>8)) );
}

  signed main(){
  	              cin.tie(0);
    		ios::sync_with_stdio(false);

int n,k;
  	cin>>n>>k;
  	
  	int g=0;
  	n--;
  	for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
  		g+=1+(g/(k-1));
  	}
  	cout<<g<<endl;
  	return 0;
                }
                

