As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
// ONE DAY, YOU WILL BE BEYOND THE REACH OF SPACE AND TIME. //
// UNTIL THEN, STAY LOW AND CODE HARD. //
// Author :- Saurabh//
//BIT MESRA, RANCHI//
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Queue;

import static java.lang.Math.*;
public class dzyLovesModification {
    static long row=0,col=0;

    static void Bolo_Jai_Mata_Di() {

        n = ni();
        m = ni();
        k = ni();
        long p = ni();

        tsc();


        long ar[][] = new long[n + 5][m + 5];


        PriorityQueue<Long> pq = new PriorityQueue<>();
        long rowSum[] = new long[k + 5];
        long colSum[] = new long[k + 5];
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            long temp = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
                ar[i][j] = ni();
                temp -= ar[i][j];
            }
            pq.add(temp);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            long x = pq.poll();
            rowSum[i + 1] = rowSum[i] - x;
            x += p * m;
            pq.add(x);
        }

        pq = new PriorityQueue<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            long temp = 0;
            for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) temp -= ar[j][i];
            pq.add(temp);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
            long x = pq.poll();
            colSum[i + 1] = colSum[i] - x;
            x += p * n;
            pq.add(x);
        }

        long max = Long.MIN_VALUE;

        for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++) {
            max = max(max, rowSum[i] + colSum[k - i] - (p * i * (k - i)));
        }
        pl(max);

        flush();
    }

    /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //THE DON'T CARE ZONE BEGINS HERE...//

    static Calendar ts, te;                                                  //For time calculation
    static int mod9 = 1000000007;
    static int n, m, k, t, mod = 998244353;
    static Lelo input = new Lelo(System.in);
    static PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out, true);


    public static void main(String[] args) {      //threading has been used to increase the stack size.

        new Thread(null, null, "BlackRise", 1 << 25)  //the last parameter is stack size desired.,
        {
            public void run() {

                try {

                    Bolo_Jai_Mata_Di();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    System.exit(1);
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }

    static class Lelo {                                              //Lelo class for fast input
        private InputStream ayega;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private SpaceCharFilter filter;

        public Lelo(InputStream ayega) {
            this.ayega = ayega;
        }

        public int read() {
            if (numChars == -1)
                throw new InputMismatchException();

            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try {
                    numChars = ayega.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }

                if (numChars <= 0)
                    return -1;
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        public String nextLine() {
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            int c = read();

            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();

            int sgn = 1;

            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }

            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));

            return res * sgn;
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;

            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            double res = 0;
            while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') {
                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                    return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            if (c == '.') {
                c = read();
                double m = 1;
                while (!isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                        return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    m /= 10;
                    res += (c - '0') * m;
                    c = read();
                }
            }
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public String readString() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));

            return res.toString();
        }

        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            if (filter != null)
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }

        public String next() {
            return readString();
        }

        public interface SpaceCharFilter {
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
        }
    }

    // functions to take input//
    static int ni() {
        return input.nextInt();
    }

    static long nl() {
        return input.nextLong();
    }

    static double nd() {
        return input.nextDouble();
    }

    static String ns() {
        return input.readString();
    }

    //functions to give output
    static void pl() {
        pw.println();
    }

    static void p(Object o) {
        pw.print(o + " ");
    }

    static void pws(Object o) {
        pw.print(o + "");
    }

    static void pl(Object o) {
        pw.println(o);
    }

    static void tsc()                                          //calculates the starting time of execution
    {
        ts = Calendar.getInstance();
        ts.setTime(new Date());
    }

    static void tec()                                          //calculates the ending time of execution
    {
        te = Calendar.getInstance();
        te.setTime(new Date());
    }

    static void pwt()                                          //prints the time taken for execution
    {
        pw.printf("\nExecution time was :- %f s\n", (te.getTimeInMillis() - ts.getTimeInMillis()) / 1000.00);
    }
    static void sort(int ar[], int n) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int ran = (int) (Math.random() * n);
            int temp = ar[i];
            ar[i] = ar[ran];
            ar[ran] = temp;
        }
        Arrays.sort(ar);
    }

    static void sort(long ar[], int n) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int ran = (int) (Math.random() * n);
            long temp = ar[i];
            ar[i] = ar[ran];
            ar[ran] = temp;
        }
        Arrays.sort(ar);
    }

    static void sort(char ar[], int n) {
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            int ran = (int) (Math.random() * n);
            char temp = ar[i];
            ar[i] = ar[ran];
            ar[ran] = temp;
        }
        Arrays.sort(ar);
    }
    static void flush() {
        tec();                  //ending time of execution
        //pwt();                //prints the time taken to execute the program
        pw.flush();
        pw.close();
    }
}