As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
	import java.io.*;
	import java.util.*;
	import java.math.*;
	
	 
	 public class Main	{
	   static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair>{
	   int a;
	   int b;
	   public Pair(){}
	   public Pair(int x,int y){a=x;b=y;}
	   public int compareTo(Pair p){
		 return Integer.compare(a, p.a);
	   }
	//	   long a,b;
	//	   public Pair(long x,long y){a=x;b=y;}
	//	   public int compareTo(Pair p){
	//			 return Long.compare(a, p.a);
	//	   }
	//	  
	//	@Override
	//	public int hashCode() {
	//		final int prime = 31;
	//		int result = 1;
	//		result = prime * result + a;
	//		result = prime * result + b;
	//	//	out.println("hashcode = "+result);
	//		return result;
	//	}
	//	@Override
	//	public boolean equals(Object obj) {
	//		Pair cur = (Pair)obj;
	//		if((a==cur.a && b==cur.b) || (a==cur.b && b==cur.a))return true;
	//		return false;
	//	}
	 }
	
	   static class cell implements Comparable<cell>{
		   int a,b;
		   long dis;
		   public cell(int x,int y,long z) {a=x;b=y;dis=z;}
		   public int compareTo(cell c) {
			   return Long.compare(dis,c.dis);
		   }
	   }
	static class TrieNode{
		TrieNode left;
		TrieNode right;
		int op;
		int data;
		public TrieNode() {}
	}
	  public static int gcd(int a,int b)
	  {
	    if(a<b)
	
	      return gcd(b,a);
	    if(b==0)
	      return a;
	    return gcd(b,a%b);
	    
	  }
	  static int lcm(int a,int b) {
		  return  a*b / gcd(a,b);
	  }
	  //static long ans = 0;
	  static long mod = (long)(1e9+7); //998244353;//
	   
	    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	       new Thread(null, null, "Anshum Gupta", 99999999) {
	            public void run() {
	                try {
	                    solve();
	                } catch(Exception e) {
	                    e.printStackTrace();
	                    System.exit(1);
	                }
	            }
	        }.start();
	    }
	
	static long pow(long x,long y){
	    if(y == 0)return 1;
	    if(y==1)return x;
	    long a = pow(x,y/2);
	    a = (a*a)%mod;
	    if(y%2==0){
	        return a;
	    }
	    return (a*x)%mod;
	}
	
	static long mxx;
	static int mxN = (int)(2e6+5);
	static long[]fact,inv_fact;
	static long my_inv(long a) {
		return pow(a,mod-2);
	}
	static long bin(int a,int b) {
		if(a < b || a<0 || b<0)return 0;
	    return ((fact[a]*inv_fact[a-b])%mod * inv_fact[b])%mod;
	}
	//	static ArrayList<ArrayList<Integer>>adj;
	//	static boolean[]vis;
	static void make_facts() {
	  fact=new long[mxN];
	  inv_fact = new long[mxN];
	  fact[0]=inv_fact[0]=1L;
	  for(int i=1;i<mxN;i++) {
		   fact[i] = (i*fact[i-1])%mod;
		   inv_fact[i] = my_inv(fact[i]);
	  }
	}
	//static int[]bfs(int a){
	//	Queue<Integer> q = new  LinkedList<Integer>();
	//	
	//	vis = new boolean[n+1];
	//	int[]dis = new int[n+1];
	//	q.add(a);
	//	dis[a] = 0;
	//	vis[a] = true;
	//	while(!q.isEmpty()) {
	//		int cur = q.poll();
	//	//	vis[cur] = true;
	//	//	if(cur == b)break;
	//		for(int x : adj.get(cur)) {
	//			if(vis[x])continue;
	//			q.add(x);
	//			dis[x] = dis[cur]+1;
	//			vis[x] = true;
	//		}
	//	}
	//	return dis;
	//}
	
	 public static void solve() throws Exception {
	   // solve the problem here
	   MyScanner s = new MyScanner();
	        out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out), true);
	        int tc = 1;//s.nextInt();
	        mxx = (long)(1e18+5);
	//	        make_facts(); 
	//	        int mod = (int)1e9+7;
	        while(tc-->0){
	        	long n = s.nextLong();
	        	long m = s.nextLong();
	        	long k = s.nextLong();
	        	long p = s.nextLong();
	        	long[][] a = new long[(int)n][(int)m];
	        	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
	        		for(int j=0;j<m;j++) {
	        			a[i][j] = s.nextLong();
	        		}
	        	}
	        	PriorityQueue<Long> row = new PriorityQueue<Long>(Collections.reverseOrder());
	        	PriorityQueue<Long> col = new PriorityQueue<Long>(Collections.reverseOrder());
	        	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) {
	        		long sum = 0;
	        		for(int j=0;j<m;j++) {
	        			sum += a[i][j];
	        		}
	        		row.add(sum);
	        	}
	        	for(int i=0;i<m;i++) {
	        		long sum = 0;
	        		for(int j=0;j<n;j++) {
	        			sum += a[j][i];
	        		}
	        		col.add(sum);
	        	}
	        	long ans = -mxx;
	        	long[]max_row = new long[(int)k+1];
	        	long[]max_col = new long[(int)k+1];
	        	for(int i=1;i<=k;i++) {
	        		long x = row.poll();
	        		max_row[i] = max_row[i-1] + x;
	        		row.add(x - p * m);
	        	}
	        	for(int i=1;i<=k;i++) {
	        		long x = col.poll();
	        		max_col[i] = max_col[i-1] + x;
	        		col.add(x - p * n);
	        	}
	        	for(long i=0;i<=k;i++) {
	        		ans = Math.max(ans, max_row[(int)i] + max_col[(int)(k-i)] - i * (k - i ) * p);
	        	}
	        	out.println(ans);
	        }
	        	
	           
	        out.flush();
	}
	 
	     
	 
	 
	 
	    //-----------PrintWriter for faster output---------------------------------
	    public static PrintWriter out;
	 
	    //-----------MyScanner class for faster input----------
	    public static class MyScanner {
	        BufferedReader br;
	        StringTokenizer st;
	 
	        public MyScanner() {
	            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
	        }
	 
	        String next() {
	            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
	                try {
	                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
	                } catch (IOException e) {
	                    e.printStackTrace();
	                }
	            }
	            return st.nextToken();
	        }
	 
	        int nextInt() { return Integer.parseInt(next()); }
	        long nextLong() { return Long.parseLong(next()); }
	        double nextDouble() { return Double.parseDouble(next()); }
	         
	        String nextLine(){
	            String str = "";
	            try {
	                str = br.readLine();
	            } catch (IOException e) {
	                e.printStackTrace();
	            }
	            return str;
	        }
	    }
	    //--------------------------------------------------------
	}
