As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream.GetField;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.SortedSet;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.TreeSet;

import org.omg.CORBA.Principal;

public class Q21 {
	static long MOD = 1000000007;
	static boolean b[],c1 = false;;
	static long a,bo,c,di;
	static ArrayList<Integer>[] amp;
	static int sum[],dist[];
	static long ans = 0;
	static int p = 0,time = 0,p1,p2;
	static FasterScanner sc = new FasterScanner();
	static Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedList<>();
	static ArrayList<String>[] arr;
	static ArrayList<Integer> parent = new ArrayList<>();
	static BufferedWriter log;
	static HashMap<Integer,Integer> hm;
	static HashSet<String> hs = new HashSet<>();
	static HashSet<Integer>[] hsm;
	static Stack<Integer> s = new Stack<>();
	static Pair prr[];
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		log = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
		long n = sc.nextInt(), m = sc.nextInt(), k = sc.nextInt();
		long p = sc.nextLong();
		int arr[][] = new int[(int) n][(int) m];
		for(int i =0 ;i <n; i++) arr[i] = sc.nextIntArray((int) m);
		long r = 0,c = 0;
		PriorityQueue<Long> row = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
		PriorityQueue<Long> col = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
		for(int i = 0;i<n;i++){
			long ans =0;
			for(int j = 0;j<m;j++){
				ans+=arr[i][j];
			}
			row.add(ans);
		}
		for(int i = 0;i<m;i++){
			long ans =0;
			for(int j = 0;j<n;j++){
				ans+=arr[j][i];
			}
			col.add(ans);
		}
		long fa =-1000000000000000000L ;
		long rowSum[] = new long[(int) k+1];
		long colSum[] = new long[(int) k+1];
		//System.out.println(row+" "+col);
		for(int i = 1;i<=k;i++){
			rowSum[i] = row.poll();
			row.add(rowSum[i]-p*m);
			rowSum[i] += rowSum[i-1];
			//System.out.println(rowSum[i]);
		}
		for(int i = 1;i<=k;i++){
			colSum[i] = col.poll();
			col.add(colSum[i]-p*n);
			colSum[i] += colSum[i-1];
			//System.out.println(colSum[i]);
		}
		for(int i = 0;i<=k;i++){
			long b = colSum[i]+rowSum[(int) (k-i)] - p*(i*(k-i));
			fa = Math.max(fa, b);
		}
		System.out.println(fa);
		log.close();
	}
	public static void multiBfs(){
		while(!q.isEmpty()){
			int x = q.poll();
			for(int e:amp[x]){
				if(!b[e]){
				dist[e] = dist[x]+1;
				q.add(e);
				b[e] = true;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	public static void getCycle(int x){
		b[x] = true;
		for(int e:amp[x]){
			if(b[e]){
				p2 = x;
				if(e!=sum[x]){
					p1 = e;
					c1 = true;
					return;
				}
			}
			else{
				sum[e] = x;
				//System.out.print(e+" ");
				getCycle(e);
				if(c1) return;
			}
		}
		if(c1) return;
	}
	public static long count(long x,boolean b,long ans){
		String str = Long.toString(x,2);
		if(x==1) return (ans+1)%MOD;
		if(x==0 && b) return (ans+1)%MOD;
		else if(x==0) return ans;
		if(str.length()>1)
		ans= (long) ((ans+ Math.pow(2, str.length()-2)%MOD)%MOD);
		return count((long) (x-Math.pow(2, str.length()-1)),!b,ans);
	}
	public static void buildGraph(int n){
		
		for(int i =0;i<n;i++){
			int x = sc.nextInt(), y = sc.nextInt();
			amp[--x].add(--y);
			amp[y].add(x);
		}
	}
	static boolean KMP(String pat, String txt)
    {
        int M = pat.length();
        int N = txt.length();
 
        // create lps[] that will hold the longest
        // prefix suffix values for pattern
        int lps[] = new int[M];
        int j = 0;  // index for pat[]
 
        // Preprocess the pattern (calculate lps[]
        // array)
        computeLPSArray(pat,M,lps);
 
        int i = 0;  // index for txt[]
        while (i < N)
        {
            if (pat.charAt(j) == txt.charAt(i))
            {
                j++;
                i++;
            }
            if (j == M)
            {

                j = lps[j-1];
                return true;
            }
 
            // mismatch after j matches
            else if (i < N && pat.charAt(j) != txt.charAt(i))
            {
                // Do not match lps[0..lps[j-1]] characters,
                // they will match anyway
                if (j != 0)
                    j = lps[j-1];
                else
                    i = i+1;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
 static void computeLPSArray(String pat, int M, int lps[])
    {
        // length of the previous longest prefix suffix
        int len = 0;
        int i = 1;
        lps[0] = 0;  // lps[0] is always 0
 
        // the loop calculates lps[i] for i = 1 to M-1
        while (i < M)
        {
            if (pat.charAt(i) == pat.charAt(len))
            {
                len++;
                lps[i] = len;
                i++;
            }
            else  // (pat[i] != pat[len])
            {
                // This is tricky. Consider the example.
                // AAACAAAA and i = 7. The idea is similar 
                // to search step.
                if (len != 0)
                {
                    len = lps[len-1];
 
                    // Also, note that we do not increment
                    // i here
                }
                else  // if (len == 0)
                {
                    lps[i] = len;
                    i++;
                }
            }
        }
    }
	static long power(long x, long y, long m)
	{
	    if (y == 0)
	        return 1;
	    long p = power(x, y/2, m) % m;
	    p = (p * p) % m;
	 
	    return (y%2 == 0)? p : (x * p) % m;
	}
	private static void permutation(String prefix, String str) {
	    int n = str.length();
	    if (n == 0) hs.add(prefix);
	    else {
	        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	            permutation(prefix + str.charAt(i), str.substring(0, i) + str.substring(i+1, n));
	    }
	}
	public static char give(char c1,char c2){
		if(c1!='a' && c2!='a') return 'a';
		if(c1!='b' && c2!='b') return 'b';
		return 'c';
	}
	static class Graph{
		int vertex;
		long weight;
	}
	public static void buildTree(int n){
		int arr[] = sc.nextIntArray(n);
		for(int i = 0;i<n;i++){
			int x = arr[i]-1;
			amp[i+1].add(x);
			amp[x].add(i+1);
		}
	}
	public static void bfs(int x,long arr[]){
		
		b[x] = true;
		q.add(x);
		while(!q.isEmpty()){
			int y = q.poll();
			for(int i = 0;i<amp[y].size();i++) {
				if(!b[amp[y].get(i)]){
					q.add(amp[y].get(i));
					b[amp[y].get(i)] = true;
				}
			}
		}
	}
		

		
	public static void dfs(int x){
		b[x] = true;
		for(int i =0 ;i<amp[x].size();i++){
			if(!b[amp[x].get(i)]){
				dfs(amp[x].get(i));
			}
		}
		
	}
	static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair> {
		int u;
		int v;
		int z;
		public Pair(){
			
		}
		public Pair(int u, int v) {
			this.u = u;
			this.v = v;
		}
		
		public int hashCode() {
			int hu = (int) (u ^ (u >>> 32));
			int hv = (int) (v ^ (v >>> 32));
			return 31*hu + hv;
		}

		public boolean equals(Object o) {
			Pair other = (Pair) o;
			return (u == other.u && v == other.v);
		}

		public int compareTo(Pair other) {
			return Integer.compare(u, other.u) != 0 ? (Integer.compare(u, other.u)) : (Integer.compare(v, other.v));
		}
		
		public String toString() {
			return "[u=" + u + ", v=" + v + "]";
		}
	}
	static class SegmentTree{
		int st[];
		SegmentTree(int arr[], int n){
			int size = 4*n+1;
			st = new int[size];
			build(arr,0,n-1,0);
		}
		int build(int arr[], int ss, int se, int si){
			if(ss==se){
				st[si] = arr[ss];
				return st[si];
			}
			int mid = (ss+se)/2;
			st[si] = build(arr,ss,mid,si*2+1)^build(arr,mid+1,se,si*2+2);
			return st[si];
		}
		int getXor(int qs, int qe, int ss, int se, int si){
			if(qe<ss || qs>se){
				return 0;
			}
			if(qs<=ss && qe>=se) return st[si];
			int mid = (ss+se)/2;
            return getXor(qs,qe,ss,mid,2*si+1)^getXor(qs,qe, mid+1, se, 2*si+2);
		}
		void print(){
			for(int i = 0;i<st.length;i++){
				System.out.print(st[i]+" ");
				System.out.println("----------------------");
			}
		}
	}
	static int convert(int x){
		int cnt = 0;
		String str = Integer.toBinaryString(x);
		//System.out.println(str);
		for(int i = 0;i<str.length();i++){
			if(str.charAt(i)=='1'){
				cnt++;
			}
		}
		int ans = (int) Math.pow(3, 6-cnt);
		return ans;
	}
	static class Node2{
		Node2 left = null;
		Node2 right = null;
		Node2 parent = null;
		int data;
	}
	static class BinarySearchTree{
		Node2 root = null;
		int height = 0;
		int max = 0;
		int cnt = 1;
		ArrayList<Integer> parent = new ArrayList<>();
		HashMap<Integer, Integer> hm = new HashMap<>();
		public void insert(int x){
			Node2 n = new Node2();
			n.data = x;
			if(root==null){
				root = n;
			}
			else{
				Node2 temp = root,temp2 = null;
				while(temp!=null){
					temp2 = temp;
					if(x>temp.data) temp = temp.right;
					else temp = temp.left;
				}
				if(x>temp2.data) temp2.right = n;
				else temp2.left = n;
				n.parent = temp2;
				parent.add(temp2.data);
			}
		}
		public Node2 getSomething(int x, int y, Node2 n){
			if(n.data==x || n.data==y) return n;
			else if(n.data>x && n.data<y) return n;
			else if(n.data<x && n.data<y) return getSomething(x,y,n.right);
			else return getSomething(x,y,n.left);
		}
		public Node2 search(int x,Node2 n){
			if(x==n.data){
				max = Math.max(max, n.data);
				return n;
			}
			if(x>n.data){
				max = Math.max(max, n.data);
				return search(x,n.right);
			}
			else{
				max = Math.max(max, n.data);
				return search(x,n.left);
			}
		}
		public int getHeight(Node2 n){
			if(n==null) return 0;
			height = 1+ Math.max(getHeight(n.left), getHeight(n.right));
			return height;
		}
	}
	static long findDiff(long[] arr, long[] brr, int m){
		int i = 0, j = 0;
		long fa = 1000000000000L;
		while(i<m && j<m){
			long x = arr[i]-brr[j];
			if(x>=0){
				if(x<fa) fa = x;
				j++;
			}
			else{
				if((-x)<fa) fa = -x;
				i++;
			}
		}
		return fa;
	}
	public static long max(long x, long y, long z){
		if(x>=y && x>=z) return x;
		if(y>=x && y>=z) return y;
		return z;
	}
	
	public static void seive(long n){
		b = new boolean[(int) (n+1)];
		Arrays.fill(b, true);
		for(int i = 2;i*i<=n;i++){
			if(b[i]){
				for(int p = 2*i;p<=n;p+=i){
					b[p] = false;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	static long modInverse(long a, long mOD2){
	            return  power(a, mOD2-2, mOD2);
	}
	
	static long power2(long x,BigInteger y,long m){
		long ans = 1;
		BigInteger two = new BigInteger("2");
		while(y.compareTo(BigInteger.ZERO)>0){
			if(y.getLowestSetBit()==y.bitCount()){
				x = (x*x)%MOD;
				y = y.divide(two);
			}
			else{
				ans = (ans*x)%MOD;
				y = y.subtract(BigInteger.ONE);
			}
		}
		return ans;
	}
	static BigInteger power2(BigInteger x, BigInteger y, BigInteger m){
		BigInteger ans = new BigInteger("1");
		BigInteger one  = new BigInteger("1");
		BigInteger two  = new BigInteger("2");
		BigInteger zero  = new BigInteger("0");
		while(y.compareTo(zero)>0){
			//System.out.println(y);
			if(y.mod(two).equals(one)){
				ans = ans.multiply(x).mod(m);
				y = y.subtract(one);
			}
			else{
				x = x.multiply(x).mod(m);
				y = y.divide(two);
			}
		}
		return ans;
	}
	static BigInteger power(BigInteger x, BigInteger y, BigInteger m)
	{
	    if (y.equals(0))
	        return (new BigInteger("1"));
	    BigInteger p = power(x, y.divide(new BigInteger("2")), m).mod(m);
	    p = (p.multiply(p)).mod(m);
	 
	    return (y.mod(new BigInteger("2")).equals(0))? p : (p.multiply(x)).mod(m);
	}
	static long d,x,y;
	public static void extendedEuclidian(long a, long b){
		if(b == 0) {
	        d = a;
	        x = 1;
	        y = 0;
	    }
	    else {
	        extendedEuclidian(b, a%b);
	        int temp = (int) x;
	        x = y;
	        y = temp - (a/b)*y;
	    }
	}
	
	public static long gcd(long n, long m){
		if(m!=0) return gcd(m,n%m);
		else return n;
	}
	
	
	public static class FasterScanner {
		private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
		private int curChar;
		private int numChars;
 
		public int read() {
			if (numChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= numChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					numChars = System.in.read(buf);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (numChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}
 
		public String nextLine() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isEndOfLine(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
 
		public String nextString() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
 
		public long nextLong() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
 
		public int nextInt() {
			int c = read();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = read();
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = read();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = read();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
	        
	    public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
	        return nextIntArray(n, 0);
	    }
	    
	    public int[] nextIntArray(int n, int off) {
	    	int[] arr = new int[n + off];
	    	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
	    		arr[i + off] = nextInt();
	    	}
	    	return arr;
	    }
	    
	    public long[] nextLongArray(int n) {
	    	return nextLongArray(n, 0);
	    }
        
		public long[] nextLongArray(int n, int off) {
		    long[] arr = new long[n + off];
		    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
		        arr[i + off] = nextLong();
		    }
		    return arr;
		}
 
	    private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}
 
		private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}
	}
}