As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class Solution implements Runnable {

	static final long MOD = (long) 1e9 + 7;
	static final Reader in = new Reader();
	static final PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
	StringBuilder answer = new StringBuilder();

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		new Thread(null, new Solution(), "persefone", 1 << 28).start();
	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		solve(in.nextInt(), in.nextInt(), in.nextInt(), in.nextInt());
		printf();
	}

	void solve(int n, int m, int k, int p) {
		int[][] a = new int[n][m];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = in.nextIntArray(m);
		
		long[] rows = new long[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) rows[i] = Arrays.stream(a[i]).sum();
		
		PriorityQueue<Long> qrow = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) qrow.add(rows[i]);
		
		long[] krow = new long[k + 1];
		
		for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
			long ans = qrow.poll();
			qrow.add(ans - m * p);
			krow[i] = krow[i - 1] + ans;
		}
		
		long[] cols = new long[m];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) 
			for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
				cols[j] += a[i][j];
		
		PriorityQueue<Long> qcol = new PriorityQueue<>(Collections.reverseOrder());
		
		for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) qcol.add(cols[i]);
				
		long[] kcol = new long[k + 1];
		
		for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
			long ans = qcol.poll();
			qcol.add(ans - n * p);
			kcol[i] = kcol[i - 1] + ans;
		}
		
		long max = Long.MIN_VALUE;
		for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++)
			max = Math.max(max, krow[i] + kcol[k - i] - (long) i * (k - i) * p);
		
		printf(max);
		
 	}
	
	
	
	void printf() {
		out.print(answer);
		out.close();
	}

	void printf(Stream<?> str) {
		str.forEach(o -> add(o, " "));
		add("\n");
	}

	
	void printf(Object... obj) {
		printf(false, obj);
	}

	void printfWithDescription(Object... obj) {
		printf(true, obj);
	}
	
	private void printf(boolean b, Object... obj) {

		if (obj.length > 1) {
			for (int i = 0; i < obj.length; i++) {
				if (b) add(obj[i].getClass().getSimpleName(), " - ");
				if (obj[i] instanceof Collection<?>) {
					printf((Collection<?>) obj[i]);
				} else printf(obj[i]);
			}
			return;
		}

		if (b) add(obj[0].getClass().getSimpleName(), " - ");
		printf(obj[0]);
	}

	void printf(Object o) {
		if (o instanceof int[])
			printf(Arrays.stream((int[]) o).boxed());
		else if (o instanceof char[])
			printf(new String((char[]) o));
		else if (o instanceof long[])
			printf(Arrays.stream((long[]) o).boxed());
		else if (o instanceof double[])
			printf(Arrays.stream((double[]) o).boxed());
		else
			add(o, "\n");
	}

	void printf(Collection<?> col) {
		printf(col.stream());
	}

	<T, K> void add(T t, K k) {
		if (t instanceof Collection<?>) {
			((Collection<?>) t).forEach(i -> add(i, " "));
		} else if (t instanceof Object[]) {
			Arrays.stream((Object[]) t).forEach(i -> add(i, " "));
		} else
			add(t);
		add(k);
	}

	<T> void add(T t) {
		answer.append(t);
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	<T extends Comparable<? super T>> T min(T... t) {
		if (t.length == 0)
			return null;
		T m = t[0];
		for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++)
			if (t[i].compareTo(m) < 0)
				m = t[i];
		return m;
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	<T extends Comparable<? super T>> T max(T... t) {
		if (t.length == 0)
			return null;
		T m = t[0];
		for (int i = 1; i < t.length; i++)
			if (t[i].compareTo(m) > 0)
				m = t[i];
		return m;
	}

	static class Pair<K extends Comparable<? super K>, V extends Comparable<? super V>>
			implements Comparable<Pair<K, V>> {
		private K k;
		private V v;

		Pair() {}

		Pair(K k, V v) {
			this.k = k;
			this.v = v;
		}

		K getK() { return k; }

		V getV() { return v; }

		void setK(K k) { this.k = k; }

		void setV(V v) { this.v = v; }

		void setKV(K k, V v) {
			this.k = k;
			this.v = v;
		}

		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
		@Override
		public boolean equals(Object o) {
			if (this == o) return true;
			if (o == null || !(o instanceof Pair)) return false;
			Pair<K, V> p = (Pair<K, V>) o;
			return k.compareTo(p.k) == 0 && v.compareTo(p.v) == 0;
		}

		@Override
		public int hashCode() {
			int hash = 31;
			hash = hash * 89 + k.hashCode();
			hash = hash * 89 + v.hashCode();
			return hash;
		}

		@Override
		public int compareTo(Pair<K, V> pair) {
			return k.compareTo(pair.k) == 0 ? v.compareTo(pair.v) : k.compareTo(pair.k);
		}

		@Override
		public Pair<K, V> clone() {
			return new Pair<K, V>(this.k, this.v);
		}

		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return String.valueOf(k).concat(" ").concat(String.valueOf(v)).concat("\n");
		}
	}

	static class Reader {
		private BufferedReader br;
		private StringTokenizer st;

		Reader() {
			br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		}

		String next() {
			try {
				while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
					st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}

		int nextInt() {
			return Integer.parseInt(next());
		}

		int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int[] arr = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
				arr[i] = nextInt();
			return arr;
		}

		long nextLong() {
			return Long.parseLong(next());
		}

		String nextLine() {
			String s = "";
			try {
				s = br.readLine();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return s;
		}
	}
}