As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		new Thread(null, new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					long prevTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
					new Main().run();
					System.err.println("Total time: "
							+ (System.currentTimeMillis() - prevTime) + " ms");
					System.err.println("Memory status: " + memoryStatus());
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}, "1", 1L << 24).start();
	}

	void run() throws IOException {
		in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		Object o = solve();
		if (o != null)
			out.println(o);
		out.close();
		in.close();
	}

	private Object solve() throws IOException {
		int n = ni();
		int m = ni();
		int k = ni();
		long p = nl();

		long[][] matrix = new long[n][];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			matrix[i] = nla(m);

		long[] acum_row = new long[n];
		long[] acum_col = new long[m];

		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
				acum_row[i] += matrix[i][j];
				acum_col[j] += matrix[i][j];
			}

		long[] best_row = calculate(acum_row, m, p, k);
		long[] best_col = calculate(acum_col, n, p, k);
		long ret = Long.MIN_VALUE;
		for (int r = 0; r <= k; r++) {
			long rr = r;
			ret = Math.max(ret, best_row[r] + best_col[k - r] - p * rr	* (k - rr));
		}
		return ret;
	}

	private long[] calculate(long[] acum_row, long m, long p, int k) {
		int n = acum_row.length;
		long[] ret = new long[k + 1];
		PriorityQueue<Long> pq = new PriorityQueue<Long>(n + 10,
				Collections.reverseOrder());
		for (long a : acum_row)
			pq.add(a);
		for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
			long value = pq.poll();
			ret[i] = value + ret[i - 1];
			pq.add(value - m * p);
		}
		return ret;
	}

	BufferedReader in;
	PrintWriter out;
	StringTokenizer strTok = new StringTokenizer("");

	String nextToken() throws IOException {
		while (!strTok.hasMoreTokens())
			strTok = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
		return strTok.nextToken();
	}

	int ni() throws IOException {
		return Integer.parseInt(nextToken());
	}

	long nl() throws IOException {
		return Long.parseLong(nextToken());
	}

	double nd() throws IOException {
		return Double.parseDouble(nextToken());
	}

	int[] nia(int size) throws IOException {
		int[] ret = new int[size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = ni();
		return ret;
	}

	long[] nla(int size) throws IOException {
		long[] ret = new long[size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = nl();
		return ret;
	}

	double[] nda(int size) throws IOException {
		double[] ret = new double[size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = nd();
		return ret;
	}

	String nextLine() throws IOException {
		strTok = new StringTokenizer("");
		return in.readLine();
	}

	boolean EOF() throws IOException {
		while (!strTok.hasMoreTokens()) {
			String s = in.readLine();
			if (s == null)
				return true;
			strTok = new StringTokenizer(s);
		}
		return false;
	}

	void printRepeat(String s, int count) {
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			out.print(s);
	}

	void printArray(int[] array) {
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0)
				out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	void printArray(long[] array) {
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0)
				out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	void printArray(double[] array) {
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0)
				out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	void printArray(double[] array, String spec) {
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0)
				out.print(' ');
			out.printf(Locale.US, spec, array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	void printArray(Object[] array) {
		boolean blank = false;
		for (Object x : array) {
			if (blank)
				out.print(' ');
			else
				blank = true;
			out.print(x);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	void printCollection(Collection collection) {
		boolean blank = false;
		for (Object x : collection) {
			if (blank)
				out.print(' ');
			else
				blank = true;
			out.print(x);
		}
		out.println();
	}

	static String memoryStatus() {
		return (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory()
				- Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() >> 20)
				+ "/" + (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() >> 20) + " MB";
	}

	public void pln() {
		out.println();
	}

	public void pln(int arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(long arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(double arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(String arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(boolean arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(char arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(float arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void pln(Object arg) {
		out.println(arg);
	}

	public void p(int arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(long arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(double arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(String arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(boolean arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(char arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(float arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

	public void p(Object arg) {
		out.print(arg);
	}

}