As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.math.BigInteger;

/**
 * Ashesh Vidyut (Drift King) *
 */
public class B {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
            int n = in.readInt();
            int m = in.readInt();
            int k = in.readInt();
            int p = in.readInt();
            int rowSum[] = new int[n];
            int colSum[] = new int[m];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
                    int val = in.readInt();
                    rowSum[i] += val;
                    colSum[j] += val;
                }
            }
            Queue<Integer> qr = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(100000, Collections.reverseOrder());
            Queue<Integer> qc = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(100000, Collections.reverseOrder());
            for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
                qc.add(colSum[i]);
            }
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                qr.add(rowSum[i]);
            }
            long cumRow[] = new long[k+1];
            long cumCol[] = new long[k+1];
            for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
                int maxrow = qr.poll();
                int maxcol = qc.poll();
                cumRow[i] = i - 1 >= 0 ? cumRow[i - 1] + maxrow : maxrow;
                cumCol[i] = i - 1 >= 0 ? cumCol[i - 1] + maxcol : maxcol;
                qr.add(maxrow - p * m);
                qc.add(maxcol - p * n);
            }
            long ans = Long.MIN_VALUE;      
            for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++) {
                ans = Math.max(ans, cumCol[i] + cumRow[k - i] - ((long)i * (k - i) * p));
            }
            System.out.println(ans);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class InputReader {
    private boolean finished = false;

    private InputStream stream;
    private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
    private int curChar;
    private int numChars;

    public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
        this.stream = stream;
    }

    public int read() {
        if (numChars == -1)
            throw new InputMismatchException();
        if (curChar >= numChars) {
            curChar = 0;
            try {
                numChars = stream.read(buf);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            }
            if (numChars <= 0)
                return -1;
        }
        return buf[curChar++];
    }

    public int peek() {
        if (numChars == -1)
            return -1;
        if (curChar >= numChars) {
            curChar = 0;
            try {
                numChars = stream.read(buf);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                return -1;
            }
            if (numChars <= 0)
                return -1;
        }
        return buf[curChar];
    }

    public int readInt() {
        int c = read();
        while (isSpaceChar(c))
            c = read();
        int sgn = 1;
        if (c == '-') {
            sgn = -1;
            c = read();
        }
        int res = 0;
        do {
            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            res *= 10;
            res += c - '0';
            c = read();
        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
        return res * sgn;
    }

    public long readLong() {
        int c = read();
        while (isSpaceChar(c))
            c = read();
        int sgn = 1;
        if (c == '-') {
            sgn = -1;
            c = read();
        }
        long res = 0;
        do {
            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            res *= 10;
            res += c - '0';
            c = read();
        } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
        return res * sgn;
    }

    public String readString() {
        int length = readInt();
        if (length < 0)
            return null;
        byte[] bytes = new byte[length];
        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            bytes[i] = (byte) read();
        try {
            return new String(bytes, "UTF-8");
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            return new String(bytes);
        }
    }

    public static boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
        return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
    }

    private String readLine0() {
        StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
        int c = read();
        while (c != '\n' && c != -1) {
            if (c != '\r')
                buf.appendCodePoint(c);
            c = read();
        }
        return buf.toString();
    }

    public String readLine() {
        String s = readLine0();
        while (s.trim().length() == 0)
            s = readLine0();
        return s;
    }

    public String readLine(boolean ignoreEmptyLines) {
        if (ignoreEmptyLines)
            return readLine();
        else
            return readLine0();
    }

    public BigInteger readBigInteger() {
        try {
            return new BigInteger(readString());
        } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
            throw new InputMismatchException();
        }
    }

    public char readCharacter() {
        int c = read();
        while (isSpaceChar(c))
            c = read();
        return (char) c;
    }

    public double readDouble() {
        int c = read();
        while (isSpaceChar(c))
            c = read();
        int sgn = 1;
        if (c == '-') {
            sgn = -1;
            c = read();
        }
        double res = 0;
        while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') {
            if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                return res * Math.pow(10, readInt());
            if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            res *= 10;
            res += c - '0';
            c = read();
        }
        if (c == '.') {
            c = read();
            double m = 1;
            while (!isSpaceChar(c)) {
                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                    return res * Math.pow(10, readInt());
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                m /= 10;
                res += (c - '0') * m;
                c = read();
            }
        }
        return res * sgn;
    }

    public boolean isExhausted() {
        int value;
        while (isSpaceChar(value = peek()) && value != -1)
            read();
        return value == -1;
    }

    public String next() {
        return readString();
    }

    public boolean readBoolean() {
        return readInt() == 1;
    }
}
