As we know, DZY loves playing games. One day DZY decided to play with a n × m matrix. To be more precise, he decided to modify the matrix with exactly k operations.

Each modification is one of the following:

  1. Pick some row of the matrix and decrease each element of the row by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the row before the decreasing. 
  2. Pick some column of the matrix and decrease each element of the column by p. This operation brings to DZY the value of pleasure equal to the sum of elements of the column before the decreasing. 



DZY wants to know: what is the largest total value of pleasure he could get after performing exactly k modifications? Please, help him to calculate this value.

Input

The first line contains four space-separated integers n, m, k and p (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 103; 1 ≤ k ≤ 106; 1 ≤ p ≤ 100).

Then n lines follow. Each of them contains m integers representing aij (1 ≤ aij ≤ 103) — the elements of the current row of the matrix.

Output

Output a single integer — the maximum possible total pleasure value DZY could get.

Examples

Input

2 2 2 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11


Input

2 2 5 2
1 3
2 4


Output

11

Note

For the first sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    1 1  
    0 0  
      
    

For the second sample test, we can modify: column 2, row 2, row 1, column 1, column 2. After that the matrix becomes:
    
    
      
    -3 -3  
    -2 -2  
      
    

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeMap;
import java.util.TreeSet;

/**
 * 4 4
 * 1 5 3 4
 * 1 2
 * 1 3
 * 2 3
 * 3 3
 *
 *
 * @author pttrung
 */
public class A {

    public static long Mod = (long) (1e9 + 7);
    public static int[][] dp1, dp2;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        Scanner in = new Scanner();
        int n = in.nextInt();
        int m = in.nextInt();
        int k = in.nextInt();
        int p = in.nextInt();
        long[]row = new long[n];
        long[]col = new long[m];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            for(int j = 0; j < m; j++){
                int x = in.nextInt();
                row[i] += x;
                col[j] += x;
            }
        }
        PriorityQueue<Long> q1 = new PriorityQueue<Long>(n, Collections.reverseOrder());
        PriorityQueue<Long> q2 = new PriorityQueue<Long>(m, Collections.reverseOrder());
        for(int i = 0; i < n ; i++){
            q1.add(row[i]);
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < m; i++){
            q2.add(col[i]);
        }
        long[]r = new long[k + 1];
        long[]c = new long[k + 1];
        for(int i = 1; i <= k; i++){
            r[i] = q1.peek() + r[i - 1];
            c[i] = q2.peek() + c[i - 1];
            q1.add(q1.poll() - m*p);
            q2.add(q2.poll() - n*p);
        }
        long ans = Long.MIN_VALUE;
        for(int i = 0; i <= k; i++){
            long tmp =  r[i] + c[k - i] - (long)(k - i)*(long)(i)*(long)p;
            if(tmp > ans){
                ans = tmp;
            }
        }
        out.println(ans);
        out.close();
    }

    public static long pow(int a, int b, long mod) {
        if (b == 0) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (b == 1) {
            return a;
        }
        long v = pow(a, b / 2, mod);
        if (b % 2 == 0) {
            return (v * v) % mod;
        } else {
            return (((v * v) % mod) * a) % mod;
        }
    }

    public static int[][] powSquareMatrix(int[][] A, long p) {
        int[][] unit = new int[A.length][A.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < unit.length; i++) {
            unit[i][i] = 1;
        }
        if (p == 0) {
            return unit;
        }
        int[][] val = powSquareMatrix(A, p / 2);
        if (p % 2 == 0) {
            return mulMatrix(val, val);
        } else {
            return mulMatrix(A, mulMatrix(val, val));
        }

    }

    public static int[][] mulMatrix(int[][] A, int[][] B) {
        int[][] result = new int[A.length][B[0].length];
        for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j < result[0].length; j++) {
                long temp = 0;
                for (int k = 0; k < A[0].length; k++) {

                    temp += ((long) A[i][k] * B[k][j] % Mod);
                    temp %= Mod;
                }
                temp %= Mod;
                result[i][j] = (int) temp;
            }
        }

        return result;
    }

    public static boolean nextPer(int[] data) {
        int i = data.length - 1;
        while (i > 0 && data[i] < data[i - 1]) {
            i--;
        }
        if (i == 0) {
            return false;
        }
        int j = data.length - 1;
        while (data[j] < data[i - 1]) {
            j--;
        }
        int temp = data[i - 1];
        data[i - 1] = data[j];
        data[j] = temp;
        Arrays.sort(data, i, data.length);
        return true;




    }

    static class FT {

        int[] data;

        FT(int n) {
            data = new int[n];
        }

        void update(int index, int val) {
            // System.out.println("UPDATE INDEX " + index);
            while (index < data.length) {
                data[index] += val;
                index += index & (-index);

                //    System.out.println("NEXT " +index);
            }
        }

        int get(int index) {
            //  System.out.println("GET INDEX " + index);
            int result = 0;
            while (index > 0) {
                result += data[index];
                index -= index & (-index);
                // System.out.println("BACK " + index);
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

    static long gcd(long a, long b) {
        if (b == 0) {
            return a;
        } else {
            return gcd(b, a % b);
        }
    }

    static long pow(long a, int b) {
        if (b == 0) {
            return 1;
        }
        if (b == 1) {
            return a;
        }
        long val = pow(a, b / 2);
        if (b % 2 == 0) {

            return val * val % Mod;
        } else {
            return (val * val % Mod) * a % Mod;
        }
    }

//    static Point intersect(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
//        double D = cross(a, b);
//        if (D != 0) {
//            return new Point(cross(c, b) / D, cross(a, c) / D);
//        }
//        return null;
//    }
//
//    static Point convert(Point a, double angle) {
//        double x = a.x * cos(angle) - a.y * sin(angle);
//        double y = a.x * sin(angle) + a.y * cos(angle);
//        return new Point(x, y);
//    }
    static Point minus(Point a, Point b) {
        return new Point(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y);
    }
//
//    static Point add(Point a, Point b) {
//        return new Point(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y);
//    }
//

    /**
     * Cross product ab*ac
     *
     * @param a
     * @param b
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    static double cross(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
        Point ab = new Point(b.x - a.x, b.y - a.y);
        Point ac = new Point(c.x - a.x, c.y - a.y);
        return cross(ab, ac);
    }

    static double cross(Point a, Point b) {
        return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x;
    }

    /**
     * Dot product ab*ac;
     *
     * @param a
     * @param b
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    static long dot(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
        Point ab = new Point(b.x - a.x, b.y - a.y);
        Point ac = new Point(c.x - a.x, c.y - a.y);
        return dot(ab, ac);
    }

    static long dot(Point a, Point b) {
        long total = a.x * b.x;
        total += a.y * b.y;
        return total;
    }

    static double dist(Point a, Point b) {
        long total = (a.x - b.x) * (a.x - b.x) + (a.y - b.y) * (a.y - b.y);
        return Math.sqrt(total);
    }

    static long norm(Point a) {
        long result = a.x * a.x;
        result += a.y * a.y;
        return result;
    }

    static double dist(Point a, Point b, Point x, boolean isSegment) {
        double dist = cross(a, b, x) / dist(a, b);
        // System.out.println("DIST " + dist);

        if (isSegment) {
            Point ab = new Point(b.x - a.x, b.y - a.y);

            long dot1 = dot(a, b, x);
            long norm = norm(ab);
            double u = (double) dot1 / norm;
            if (u < 0) {
                return dist(a, x);
            }

            if (u > 1) {
                return dist(b, x);
            }
        }
        return Math.abs(dist);




    }

    static class Point {

        int x, y;

        public Point(int x, int y) {
            this.x = x;
            this.y = y;
        }
    }

    static class Scanner {

        BufferedReader br;
        StringTokenizer st;

        public Scanner() throws FileNotFoundException {
            //System.setOut(new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out), true));
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            //br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("A-large (2).in")));
        }

        public String next() {


            while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException();
                }
            }
            return st.nextToken();
        }

        public long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        public int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        public double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

        public String nextLine() {
            st = null;
            try {
                return br.readLine();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }

        public boolean endLine() {
            try {
                String next = br.readLine();
                while (next != null && next.trim().isEmpty()) {
                    next = br.readLine();
                }
                if (next == null) {
                    return true;
                }
                st = new StringTokenizer(next);
                return st.hasMoreTokens();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }
    }
}
