Try guessing the statement from this picture <http://tiny.cc/ogyoiz>.

You are given two integers A and B, calculate the number of pairs (a, b) such that 1 ≤ a ≤ A, 1 ≤ b ≤ B, and the equation a ⋅ b + a + b = conc(a, b) is true; conc(a, b) is the concatenation of a and b (for example, conc(12, 23) = 1223, conc(100, 11) = 10011). a and b should not contain leading zeroes.

Input

The first line contains t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of test cases.

Each test case contains two integers A and B (1 ≤ A, B ≤ 10^9).

Output

Print one integer — the number of pairs (a, b) such that 1 ≤ a ≤ A, 1 ≤ b ≤ B, and the equation a ⋅ b + a + b = conc(a, b) is true.

Example

Input


3
1 11
4 2
191 31415926


Output


1
0
1337

Note

There is only one suitable pair in the first test case: a = 1, b = 9 (1 + 9 + 1 ⋅ 9 = 19).
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Today {
	static void solve() throws IOException {
		long a = nextInt(), b = nextInt();
		long ans = numberOfDigits(b);
		if(((long)Math.log10(b + 1)) != Math.ceil(Math.log10(b + 1)))
			ans -= 1;
		ans *= a;
		out.println(ans);
	}

	static int numberOfDigits(long n) {
		int ans = 0;
		while(n != 0) {
			ans++;
			n /= 10;
		}
		return ans;
	}

	public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
		br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedOutputStream(System.out));
		int tt = nextInt();
		// int tt = 1;
		while (tt-- > 0) {
			solve();
		}
		out.close();
	}

	static final long mod = (long) (1e9 + 7);
	static final int inf = (int) (1e9 + 1);

	static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair> {
		int first, second;

		Pair(int a, int b) {
			first = a;
			second = b;
		}

		public int compareTo(Pair p) {
			return this.first - p.first;
		}

		public boolean equals(Object p) {
			Pair p1 = (Pair) p;
			return (first == p1.first && second == p1.second);
		}

		public String toString() {
			return this.first + " " + this.second;
		}

		public int hashCode() {
			return (int) ((1l * (inf + 1) * this.first + this.second) % mod);
		}
	}

	public static int lowerBound(int[] array, int length, int value) {
		int low = 0;
		int high = length;
		while (low < high) {
			final int mid = (low + high) / 2;
			if (value <= array[mid]) {
				high = mid;
			} else {
				low = mid + 1;
			}
		}
		return low;
	}

	public static int upperBound(int[] array, int length, int value) {
		int low = 0;
		int high = length;
		while (low < high) {
			final int mid = (low + high) / 2;
			if (value >= array[mid]) {
				low = mid + 1;
			} else {
				high = mid;
			}
		}
		return low;
	}

	static int gcd(int a, int b) {
		if (a == 0)
			return b;
		return gcd(b % a, a);
	}

	static BufferedReader br;
	static StringTokenizer st;
	static PrintWriter out;

	static String next() {
		while (st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
			try {
				st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return st.nextToken();
	}

	static int nextInt() {
		return Integer.parseInt(next());
	}

	static long nextLong() {
		return Long.parseLong(next());
	}

	static double nextDouble() {
		return Double.parseDouble(next());
	}

	static String nextLine() {
		String str = "";
		try {
			str = br.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return str;
	}

	static int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
		int a[] = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
			a[i] = nextInt();
		}
		return a;
	}

	static int[] memset(int n, int val) {
		int ar[] = new int[n];
		Arrays.fill(ar, val);
		return ar;
	}

	static void debug(Object... a) {
		System.out.print("> ");
		for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
			System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
		System.out.println();
	}

	static void debug(int a[]) {
		debugnsp(Arrays.stream(a).boxed().toArray());
	}

	static void debug(long a[]) {
		debugnsp(Arrays.stream(a).boxed().toArray());
	}

	static void debugnsp(Object a[]) {
		System.out.print("> ");
		for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
			System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
		System.out.println();
	}
}

/*
 * Jai Sita Ram Ji
 *
 * @author: Nishchal Siddharth Pandey
 */
