Getting most value from resources requires looking at all stages of the life cycle of products, from the extraction of raw materials through to product design, production, distribution and consumption; repair and re-use schemes; and waste management and increasing the use of secondary raw materials.
See hõlmab tooraine hankimist, toote kavandamist, tootmist, jaemüüki ja tarbimist, toote parandamist ja korduskasutamist ning jäätmekäitlust ja teiseste toorainete ulatuslikumat kasutamist.