Reforms in economic, foreign and domestic policy and elsewhere were urgently needed. Mikhail Gorbachev, elected as the leader of the USSR in 1985, began carrying out these reforms.
Hädavajalikud olid reformid välis- ja sisepoliitikas, majanduses jm. Neid asus ellu viima 1985. a NSV Liidu juhiks saanud Mihhail Gorbatšov.