Oral, IV • hepatic clearance (half-life 3.5 h) • potent cytochrome P450 inducer • turns body fluids orange color • Toxicity: Rash, nephritis, thrombocytopenia, cholestasis, flu-like syndrome with intermittent dosing
Ethambutol Generic, Myambutol
Ethionamide Trecator, Trecator-SC
Rifabutin Generic, Mycobutin
Rifampin Generic, Rifadin, Rimactane *Drugs used against nontuberculous mycobacteria are listed in Chapters 43–46.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Provisional CDC Guidelines for the use and safety monitoring of bedaquiline fumarate (Sirturo) for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62:1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Recommendations for use of an isoniazid-rifapentine regimen with direct observation to treat latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2011;60:1650.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Update: Adverse event data and revised American Thoracic Society/CDC recommendations against the use of rifampin and pyrazinamide for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection—United States, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2003;52:735.
Curry International Tuberculosis Center and California Department of Public Health, 2016: Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Survival Guide for Clinicians, Third Edition [1-305].
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Griffith DE et al: An official ATS/IDSA statement: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007;175:367.
Hugonnet J-E et al: Meropenem-clavulanate is effective against extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Science 2009;323:1215.
Jasmer RM, Nahid P, Hopewell PC: Latent tuberculosis infection. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1860.
Kinzig-Schippers M et al: Should we use N-acetyltransferase type 2 genotyping to personalize isoniazid doses? Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005;49:1733.
Lee M et al: Linezolid for treatment of chronic extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2012;367:1508.
Mitnick CD et al: Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2008;359:563.
Nahid P et al: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis. Clin Infect Dis 2016;63:e147.
Sulochana S, Rahman F, Paramasivan CN: In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Chemother 2005;17:169.
Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161(4 Part 2):S221.