Menotropins (hMG): Extract of the urine of postmenopausal women; contains both FSH and LH activity
GONADOTROPINS: LUTEINIZING HORMONE (LH) ANALOGS
Choriogonadotropin alfa: Recombinant form of hCG
Lutropin: Recombinant form of human LH
Menotropins (hMG): Extract of the urine of postmenopausal women that contains both FSH and LH activity
GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE (GnRH) RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS •GanirelixBlocksGnRHreceptorsReducesendogenousproductionofLHandFSHPreventionofprematureLHsurgeduringcontrolledovarianstimulationSCinjection•Toxicity: Nausea,headache • Desmopressin Relatively selective vasopressin V2 receptor agonist Acts in the kidney collecting duct cells to decrease the excretion of water • acts on extrarenal V2 receptors to increase factor VIII and von Willebrand factor Pituitary diabetes insipidus
Oral, IV, SC, or intranasal • Toxicity:
Gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, hyponatremia, allergic reactions • Vasopressin: Available for treatment of diabetes insipidus and sometimes used to control bleeding from esophageal varices • Conivaptan Antagonist of vasopressin V1a and V2 receptors • Tolvaptan: Similar but more selective for vasopressin V2 receptors; oral administration; treatment course limited to 30 days due to risk of hepatotoxicity 1See Tables 37–2 and 37–3 for summaries of the clinical uses of the rarely used hypothalamic and pituitary hormones not described in this table.