The superficial temporal artery continues in a superior direction and emerges from the upper border of the gland after giving off the transverse facial artery.
The retromandibular vein is formed in the substance of the parotid gland when the superficial temporal and maxillary veins join together (Fig. 8.62), and passes inferiorly in the substance of the parotid gland. It usually divides into anterior and posterior branches just below the inferior border of the gland.