Innervation of the dura mater (Fig. 8.34) is by small meningeal branches of all three divisions of the trigeminal nerve [V1, V2, and V3], the vagus nerve [X], and the first, second, and, sometimes, third cervical nerves. (Possible involvement of the glossopharyngeal [IX] and hypoglossal nerves [XII] in the posterior cranial fossa has also been reported.)