A number of readily palpable bony features provide useful landmarks for defining muscles and for locating structures associated with the vertebral column. Among these features are the external occipital protuberance, the scapula, and the iliac crest (Fig. 2.66).
The external occipital protuberance is palpable in the midline at the back of the head just superior to the hairline.
The spine, medial border, and inferior angle of the scapula are often visible and are easily palpable.