The inferior vesical artery occurs in men and supplies branches to the bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle, and prostate. The vaginal artery in women is the equivalent of the inferior vesical artery in men and, descending to the vagina, supplies branches to the vagina and to adjacent parts of the bladder and rectum. The vaginal artery and uterine artery may originate together as a common branch from the anterior trunk, or the vaginal artery may arise independently.