The uterine artery in women courses medially and anteriorly in the base of the broad ligament to reach the cervix (Figs. 5.65B and 5.66). Along its course, the vessel crosses the ureter and passes superiorly to the lateral vaginal fornix. Once the vessel reaches the cervix, it ascends along the lateral margin of the uterus to reach the uterine tube, where it curves laterally and anastomoses with the ovarian artery. The uterine artery is the major blood supply to the uterus and enlarges significantly during pregnancy. Through anastomoses with other arteries, the vessel contributes to the blood supply of the ovary and vagina as well.