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痔@### 肛门包块 脱出痔可表现为可触到的肛门包块。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "痔",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肛门包块"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
心力衰竭时可显示肺瘀血、水肿征象。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "心力衰竭",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺瘀血"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "心力衰竭",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "水肿"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
（三）免疫分型 根据单克隆抗体（McAb）对白血病细胞表面分化抗原、胞质免疫球蛋白链的反应，可将ALL分为T、B二大系列。 表11-7 中枢神经系统白血病的诊断标准 （六）影像学检查 胸部X线平片可发现是否同时伴有纵隔增宽和肺门淋巴结增大。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "ALL",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸部X线平片"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
2.一般表现 反应低下，哭声弱或低下，吸吮困难，全身及四肢冰冷，呼吸浅表，脉搏微弱。 表5-14 新生儿硬肿症诊断分度评分标准 注： （1）体温、硬肿范围和器官功能改变分别评分，总分为0分属轻度，1～3分为中度，4分及以上为重度 （2）硬肿范围计算：头颈部20%，双上肢18%，前胸及腹部14%，背部及腰骶部14%，臀部8%，双下肢26% （3）器官功能低下，包括不吃、不哭、反应低下、心率慢或心电图、血生化异常；器官功能衰竭指休克、心力衰竭、DIC、肺出血、肾衰竭等 （4）体温＜35℃时，腋-肛温差负值提示机体产热衰竭，0或正值为未衰竭 4.感染并存者常并发肺炎、败血症。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "反应低下"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "反应低下"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "哭声弱或低下"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "吸吮困难"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "全身及四肢冰冷"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呼吸浅表"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "脉搏微弱"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "新生儿硬肿症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "败血症"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
ST段抬高型心肌梗死@如果药物措施不能迅速改善休克状态，建议使用主动脉内球囊反搏 (IABP) 或心室机械循环支持设备。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "休克",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "心室机械循环支持"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "手术治疗",
"subject": "ST段抬高型心肌梗死",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "主动脉内球囊反搏"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "手术治疗"
}
}
] |
目前，治疗儿童高血压常用的药物有： 1.血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂（angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor，ACEI） 可抑制肾素血管紧张素系统，选择性地降低出球小动脉的阻力，减低肾小球内压力，延缓肾脏损害，对高血压合并蛋白尿患儿效果较好。临床较早和常用的品种为卡托普利，目前完整的临床研究资料证明在儿童中有效的还有依那普利、福辛普利和赖诺普利，临床常用剂量如下： （1）卡托普利（captopril）： 起始剂量为每次0. 1～0. 5mg/ kg，每8～12小时1次，可逐渐加量，最大至每天4mg/（kg•d）。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童高血压",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "卡托普利"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童高血压",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "依那普利"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童高血压",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "福辛普利"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童高血压",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "赖诺普利"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "卡托普利",
"subject_type": "药物",
"object": {
"@value": "captopril"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
胰腺癌@## 新兴疗法 ### 派姆单抗 派姆单抗 (pembrolizumab) 是一种抗 PD1 抗体检查点抑制剂。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "胰腺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "派姆单抗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
急性膀胱炎@此外，在怀孕初期的妇女应接受筛查和治疗，以防止菌尿发展为肾盂肾炎。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "急性膀胱炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肾盂肾炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
前置胎盘@胎盘早剥可能与流产同时存在。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "胎盘早剥",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "流产"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
早产@ 进行宫颈环扎术并不能仅基于B超标准，同时还应考虑病史相关因素（例如既往早产史）。早产@ 在没有进行宫颈环扎的高危女性中，可考虑进行B超监测。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "风险评估因素",
"subject": "早产",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "既往早产史"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "早产",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "B超"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
三叉神经运动支受刺激时，咀嚼肌强直，出现牙关紧闭，见于破伤风等。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "破伤风",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咀嚼肌强直"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "破伤风",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "牙关紧闭"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
缺血性卒中@## 一级预防 已确定的卒中初级预防措施包括体育锻炼，避免肥胖，合理膳食和治疗高血压、 高胆固醇血症和糖尿病；戒烟、戒除违禁药物使用和不酗酒。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "体育锻炼"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "避免肥胖"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "合理膳食"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "戒烟"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "戒除违禁药物使用"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "缺血性卒中",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "不酗酒"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
}
] |
新生儿低血糖可引起低血糖脑病，低血糖易引起脑损伤的时机和机制未明；低血糖对脑组织的损伤取决于低血糖的严重程度及持续时间，多数作者认为症状性低血糖预后较差，但无症状的低血糖持续时间过长，也会导致中枢神经系统损伤。 【实验室检查】 血糖测定及其他检查：血糖测定是确诊和早期发现本症的主要方法。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "新生儿低血糖",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血糖测定及其他检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "新生儿低血糖",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "低血糖脑病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
失眠症@## 鉴别诊断 ### 查看全部 ### 不宁腿综合征 (RLS) 体征/症状 检查 体征/症状 睡眠障碍可能由腿部不适或不可抗拒的运动引起。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "睡眠障碍",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腿部不适"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "睡眠障碍",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "不可抗拒的运动"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "失眠症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "不宁腿综合征"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "不宁腿综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "RLS"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
非小细胞肺癌@经胸廓的活组织检查的并发症是出血（0.15%）和气胸，其中3%将需要插入胸管。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "组织学检查",
"subject": "非小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "经胸廓的活组织检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
疟疾感染@ _疟原虫_ 可以通过40种雌性 _按蚊_ 叮咬传播。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "疟疾",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "雌性 _按蚊_ 叮咬"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
B族链球菌感染@### 年龄＞60 岁 侵袭性疾病风险随年龄增长而增加，57%的非妊娠成人侵袭性感染者的年龄在60岁以上。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "高危因素",
"subject": "B族链球菌感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "年龄＞60 岁"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
因此，患儿一开始腹泻，就应该给口服足够的液体并继续给小儿喂养，尤其是婴幼儿母乳喂养，以防脱水。选用以下方法：①ORS：本液体为2/3张溶液，用于预防脱水时加等量或半量水稀释以降低电解质的张力。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "脱水",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "ORS"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
胃炎@## 鉴别诊断 ### 查看全部 ### 消化性溃疡病 体征/症状 检查 体征/症状 临床表现可能类似。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "胃炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "消化性溃疡病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
尘肺@### 弱 查看全部 ### 吸入高累积剂量的铍 铍在免疫学上具有很强的遗传性，因此并没有表现出在其他尘肺中已证实的典型剂量反应。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "高危因素",
"subject": "尘肺",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "吸入高累积剂量的铍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
但另有作者从临床和实验证明缺铁性贫血患者的抵抗力和细胞免疫反应等均正常，在试管和动物实验中，加入铁元素能促进细菌和白假丝酵母等繁殖和毒力增强，用转铁蛋白螯合后又可抑制细菌繁殖。 3.血清铁（serum iron，SI） 常降低（正常值为8. 95～21. 48μmol/L）。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "缺铁性贫血",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血清铁"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
病毒性脑膜炎@据报道，美国的年发病率为11/10万，而细菌性脑膜炎的发病率为8.6/10万。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "发病率",
"subject": "细菌性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "8.6/10万"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "流行病学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "发病率",
"subject": "病毒性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "11/10万"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "流行病学"
}
}
] |
失眠症@### 罕见 查看全部 ### 日间小睡 不常见，容易打盹的老年人除外。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "失眠症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "日间小睡"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
肝硬化@### 案例 #2 患者女，60岁，既往有肥胖、糖尿病、血脂异常病史，实验室检查发现肝脏转氨酶升高 (ALT: 68 U/L; AST 82 U/L)、碱性磷酸酶 (ALP) 和胆红素正常。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病史",
"subject": "肝硬化",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肥胖"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病史",
"subject": "肝硬化",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "糖尿病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病史",
"subject": "肝硬化",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血脂异常病史"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "肝硬化",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "实验室检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "肝硬化",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肝脏转氨酶升高"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
溃疡性结肠炎@也可以有类似肠易激综合征 (irritable bowel syndrome, IBS) 的表现。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "肠易激综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "irritable bowel syndrome"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "肠易激综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "IBS"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
腹主动脉瘤@### 体格检查 腹部触诊可发现搏动性包块和腹部压痛。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助检查",
"subject": "腹主动脉瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹部触诊"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "腹主动脉瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "搏动性包块"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "腹主动脉瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹部压痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
细菌性脑膜炎@疗程：21天 联合 – 支持性疗法 针对经选择患者组全部患者的治疗推荐 患者有代偿性休克症状（神经功能状态通常保持正常，但脉搏率可能持续升高、皮肤斑驳、由于体循环血管阻力升高导致的四肢冰凉、毛细血管再充盈延长、尿量减少）或呼吸窘迫时应该补充供氧。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "细菌性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "支持性疗法"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
【治疗】 （一）光疗 如怀疑溶血病，首先给予积极光疗，同时进行各项检查，确定诊断，评价病情，做好换血疗法的准备工作。 6.换血并发症 库血未经复温而立即输入，可致低体温、心血管功能异常。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "溶血病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "心血管功能异常"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "溶血病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "低体温"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "溶血病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "光疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
小细胞肺癌@最终，由于肺部内的局部肿瘤生长发展出症状，例如咳嗽、呼吸困难、胸痛和/或咯血。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呼吸困难"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咯血"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
高血压急症@ 艾司洛尔作用机制为选择性 β 受体阻滞剂，可降低心率。高血压急症@起效时间：1 至 5 min；作用时间：5 min。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "高血压急症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "艾司洛尔"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
一般类型急性上呼吸道感染 症状 局部症状:鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、干咳、咽部不适和咽痛等,多于3 ~4天内自然痊愈。部分患儿有食欲缺乏、呕吐、腹泻、腹痛等消化道症状。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "食欲缺乏"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呕吐"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹泻"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鼻塞"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "流涕"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "喷嚏"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "干咳"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咽部不适"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咽痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
第三节 钩虫 病 钩虫病（hookworm diseases）的病原体是钩虫，钩虫共有3种，即十二指肠钩虫、美洲钩虫和锡兰钩虫，其中以前两者引起人类感染最为重要。 5.伊维菌素 0. 2mg/kg顿服，可使虫卵减少率为70. 6%。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "钩虫病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "伊维菌素"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
慢性阻塞性肺疾病@这些新型治疗药物包括一氧化氮抑制剂、白三烯调节剂和肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "慢性阻塞性肺疾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "一氧化氮抑制剂"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "慢性阻塞性肺疾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "白三烯调节剂"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "慢性阻塞性肺疾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肿瘤坏死因子拮抗剂"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
卵巢癌@经常可考虑将联合化疗方案卡铂加多柔比星脂质体、 卡铂加紫杉醇、卡铂加吉西他滨等用于体力状态良好、对铂类敏感的复发性卵巢癌患者。卵巢癌@症状包括消化道不适，如腹痛、恶心、呕吐，严重者还可以出现肠梗阻。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "复发性卵巢癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "复发性卵巢癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "恶心"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "复发性卵巢癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呕吐"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "复发性卵巢癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肠梗阻"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
NB主要转移途径为淋巴及血行。为确定病变范围及临床分期，应作骨髓活检或涂片，选择性骨骼平片、胸片、骨扫描，胸、腹部CT或MRI。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "组织学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "骨髓活检或涂片"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "选择性骨骼平片"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸片"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "骨扫描"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸、腹部CT"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "NB",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "MRI"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄（congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis)是由于幽门环肌增生肥厚,使幽门管腔狭窄而引起的上消化道不完全梗阻性疾病。 遗传因素 本病为多基因遗传性疾病。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "遗传"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "幽门环肌增生肥厚"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
肥厚型心肌病@ * 应进行心电图QT间期监测以发现QT间期延长。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "肥厚型心肌病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "心电图"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
非ST段抬高型心肌梗死@之后按照每日维持剂量继续阿司匹林治疗。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "非ST段抬高型心肌梗死",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "阿司匹林"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
【诊断】 2000年11月中华医学会儿科分会肾脏学组珠海会议制定的肾病综合征诊断及临床分型标准如下： （一）诊断标准 大量蛋白尿［尿蛋白（+++）～（++++）；1周内3次，24h尿蛋白定量≥50mg/kg］；血浆白蛋白低于30g/L；血浆胆固醇高于5. 7mmol/L；不同程度的水肿。 2.甲泼尼龙 冲击治疗主要用于难治性肾病。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "肾病综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "甲泼尼龙"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
【临床表现】 原发感染灶 多数脓毒症患者都有轻重不等的原发感染灶。体弱、重症营养不良和小婴儿可不发热，甚至体温低于正常。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "脓毒症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "不发热"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "脓毒症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "体温低于正常"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "脓毒症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "原发感染灶"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
转移性乳腺癌@该积液可能与癌症有关或无关，因为这类患者常伴有其他共病，包括充血性心力衰竭、肺炎、肺栓塞及营养不良，这些共病也可导致胸腔积液的发生。转移性乳腺癌@治疗药物取决于病因，因此常对积液行细胞学检查以确定有无恶性细胞。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "胸腔积液",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "行细胞学检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "充血性心力衰竭",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸腔积液"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "肺炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸腔积液"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "肺栓塞",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸腔积液"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "营养不良",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "胸腔积液"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
病毒性脑膜炎@## 检查 ### 首要检查 ### 查看全部 ### 脑脊液显微镜检查 检查 结果 检查 在病毒性脑膜炎中，脑脊液白血球计数通常为＞5 个细胞/mm^3，但也可能正常。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "病毒性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "脑脊液显微镜检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
慢性胰腺炎@初始检查包括实验室检查和腹部X线检查。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "慢性胰腺炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "实验室检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "慢性胰腺炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹部X线检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
尘肺@用于确认患者对铍敏感性的铍淋巴细胞增殖试验对于早期诊断和确诊慢性铍病非常重要。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "尘肺",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "铍淋巴细胞增殖试验"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
真菌性脑膜炎@检查 CSF涂片与培养。真菌性脑膜炎@若重复的CSF沉淀滴液在同一载片上干燥，并随后进行染色及检查，则涂片的敏感性＞50%。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "真菌性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "CSF涂片与培养"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
破伤风@流产后患破伤风女性的死亡率尤其高，这可能是由于她们延迟就医。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "发病性别倾向",
"subject": "破伤风",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "女性"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "流行病学"
}
}
] |
一、咽后壁脓肿 婴幼儿咽后壁与脊椎前筋膜之间存在若干小淋巴结，引流鼻咽部和后鼻道的淋巴液。本病应与喉气管支气管炎引起的喉喘鸣、颈椎结核等相鉴别。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "咽后壁脓肿",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "喉气管支气管炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "喉气管支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "喉喘鸣"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "喉气管支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "颈椎结核"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
胆囊炎@### 恶心 在胆道疾病患者中，通常与持续的右上腹痛有关。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "胆囊炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "恶心"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "胆囊炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "通常与持续的右上腹痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
麻疹感染@## 案例 ### 案例 一名患儿，17个月，既往体健，但未进行过免疫接种，出现发热、精神萎靡及上呼吸道症状，包括咳嗽、流涕和结膜炎，且在数天内加重。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "发热"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "精神萎靡"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "流涕"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（症状）",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "上呼吸道症状"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（症状）",
"subject": "麻疹感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "结膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
麻风病@## 病因学 _麻风分枝杆菌_ 是一种抗酸的革兰氏阳性杆菌，也是一种专性细胞内微生物，尚未在培养基上培养成功。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "麻风病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "麻风分枝杆菌"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
儿童组织细胞增生症是一组临床表现差异极大、发病率又较低的疾病。亦可采用6-巯基嘌呤（6-MP）或6-硫鸟嘌呤（6-TG）60～75mg/（m2 •d）口服。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童组织细胞增生症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "6-巯基嘌呤（6-MP）"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "儿童组织细胞增生症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "6-硫鸟嘌呤（6-TG）"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "发病率",
"subject": "儿童组织细胞增生症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "发病率又较低"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "流行病学"
}
}
] |
严重的反流性食管炎可发生缺铁性贫血。溃疡较深者可发生气管食管瘘。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "反流性食管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "气管食管瘘"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
3.尿蛋白 高危孕妇每次产检均应检测尿蛋白。对可疑子痫前期孕妇应测24小时尿蛋白定量。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "子痫前期",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "尿蛋白"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "子痫前期",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "24小时尿蛋白定量"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
血吸虫病@[ 溃疡性结肠炎 ](/topics/zh-cn/43) ### 结肠癌 体征/症状 检查 体征/症状 缺少血吸虫病流行地区的暴露史。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "血吸虫病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "结肠癌"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
儿童鼻窦炎常缺乏头痛、面部疼痛、水肿、触痛等典型症状。 根据病史、症状、鼻腔检查及鼻窦华氏位摄影等检查，即可做出诊断。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助检查",
"subject": "儿童鼻窦炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鼻腔检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "儿童鼻窦炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鼻窦华氏位摄影"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
慢性淋巴细胞白血病@在试验结果接受审查期间，为确保尽可能安全地继续使用该药物，欧洲药品管理局 (EMA) 也向医生发布了临时建议，包括使用预防性抗生素来预防 _耶氏肺孢子菌_ 肺炎，并通过定期血液检查来监测白细胞计数。慢性淋巴细胞白血病@他们还建议以下患者不应当开始艾代拉里斯治疗：全身性感染的患者、无既往治疗史且存在 17p 缺失或 TP53 突变的 CLL 患者。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "慢性淋巴细胞白血病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血液检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
HIV 感染@ * 蛋白免疫印迹法：虽然具有高度特异性，但是在患病率较低的人群中使用 ELISA 将导致较高比例的假阳性结果。HIV 感染@ * 快速检测：这种检测方法适合于资源贫乏的地区。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "HIV 感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "蛋白免疫印迹法"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "HIV 感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "快速检测"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
基底细胞癌@### 着色性干皮病 这种存在先天性 DNA 修复机制障碍的遗传缺陷者容易较早出现皮肤老化，并容易发展出很多的基底细胞癌，鳞癌，有时也可发展为黑色素瘤。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "高危因素",
"subject": "基底细胞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "着色性干皮病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "基底细胞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "先天性 DNA 修复机制障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "鳞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "先天性 DNA 修复机制障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "黑色素瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "先天性 DNA 修复机制障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
HIV 感染@CD4 计数＜200 个细胞/μL 即可将个体定义为患有艾滋病，并意味着患者发生机会性感染 (OI) 的风险很高，其中耶氏肺孢子菌肺炎是最常见的 OI。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "机会性感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "OI"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
中耳炎@通常采用常规耳镜检查进行诊断。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助检查",
"subject": "中耳炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "耳镜检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
三、呼吸性酸中毒第二篇 儿科疾病的诊断和治疗特点 第四章 水与电解质平衡 第三节 酸碱平衡呼吸性酸中毒（ respiratory acidosis ）是原发于呼吸系统紊乱，引起肺泡PaCO2增加所致。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "酸碱平衡呼吸性酸中毒",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "respiratory acidosis"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "呼吸系统紊乱",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺泡PaCO2增加"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "肺泡PaCO2增加",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "酸碱平衡呼吸性酸中毒"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
卵巢癌@与乳腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌相比，上皮性卵巢癌的发生率相对较低。 卵巢癌@患者的症状通常不明确且不具有特异性，如腹胀、早饱和消化不良（提示上腹部疾病）。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "上皮性卵巢癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "不明确且不具有特异性"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
多发性硬化症@MS 最常见的表现为视神经炎和横贯性脊髓炎，其他表现包括脑干综合征、小脑综合征（共济失调）和感觉综合征。多发性硬化症@患者也可能出现进展性病程，通常后期伴有足下垂或痉挛性截瘫。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "阶段",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "后期"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "视神经炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "横贯性脊髓炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "脑干综合征"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "小脑综合征（共济失调"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "感觉综合征"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
慢性胰腺炎@### 弱 查看全部 ### 高脂、高蛋白饮食 可能会增加慢性胰腺炎的风险， 然而该观点尚未被美国或澳大利亚研究证实。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "高危因素",
"subject": "慢性胰腺炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "高脂、高蛋白饮食"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
小儿哮喘@[ 心力衰竭 ](/topics/zh-cn/62) ### CF 体征/症状 检查 体征/症状 与CF有关的气道炎症可能引起喘息，咳嗽，和呼吸窘迫。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "CF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "CF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "喘息"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "CF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呼吸窘迫"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
婴儿猝死综合征@ * 睡眠期间应当避免同床。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "预防",
"subject": "婴儿猝死综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "避免同床"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
}
] |
喉癌@ 吸烟和饮酒双重嗜好对喉癌的发病风险起倍增效果。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "风险评估因素",
"subject": "喉癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "吸烟和饮酒双重嗜好"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
急性膀胱炎@出现时会提示阴道炎或其他诊断。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "急性膀胱炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "阴道炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
肛门癌@最常见的恶性肿瘤是鳞状细胞癌。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病理分型",
"subject": "肛门癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鳞状细胞癌"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
（2）遗传性： 遗传性（家族性）尿崩症较少见，仅占1%左右。部分家族性单纯性尿崩症患者发现AVP-NPⅡ基因有突变，大多为基因点突变，且突变类型及位点具有一定的异质性，有的呈现常染色体显性遗传，也有常染色体隐性遗传。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "遗传性（家族性）尿崩症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "AVP-NPⅡ基因有突变"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
溃疡性结肠炎@若X线显示病变侵袭范围超过结肠远端，则需要全肠道准备行结肠镜检查。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "内窥镜检查",
"subject": "溃疡性结肠炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "结肠镜检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
稳定型缺血性心脏疾病@所有年龄超过 21 岁、LDL 大于或等于 190 的患者都应当接受高强度他汀类药物治疗。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "稳定型缺血性心脏疾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "高强度他汀类药物治疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
急性胰腺炎@戒烟是至关重要的。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "急性胰腺炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "戒烟"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
急性肾炎必须注意和以下疾病鉴别： 1.其他病原体感染后的肾小球肾炎多种病原体可引起急性肾炎,可从原发感染灶及各自临床 特点相区别。 IgA肾病以血尿为主要症状，表现为反复发作性肉眼血尿,多在上呼吸道感染后24 ~48小时出现血尿,多无水肿、高血压,血清C3正常。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "鉴别诊断",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "IgA肾病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "IgA肾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "反复发作性肉眼血尿"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "IgA肾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血尿"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "IgA肾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "无水肿、高血压"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "IgA肾病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血清C3正常"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
根据Wood临床评分标准可以对哮喘的病情做出判断（表8-8）。 5.控制感染 尽管目前还有争论，但由于气道分泌物增加、环境条件差，加上大量糖皮质激素应用，应用抗生素有一定的合理性。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "哮喘",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "控制感染"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
帕金森病@结果 多数特发性帕金森病患者的影像检查正常；与年龄相关的变化（例如轻度小血管病）是可以接受的；同样地，如果出现患者存在适当的病史可解释的其他异常（即，卒中、外伤）也是可以接受的；在伴有痴呆的晚期疾病中，可能会观察到皮质萎缩；背外侧黑质高信号（所谓的“燕尾征”）可能不存在 ### 功能性神经成像（多巴胺转运蛋白成像，例如 FP-CIT 或 beta-CIT SPECT，或是氟多巴 PET） 检查 结果 检查 帕金森病在临床上作出诊断，对于无非典型特征的病例，不需要进行其他诊断试验。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "帕金森病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "功能性神经成像"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
肝癌@ ### 直肠静脉扩张 这在晚期或失代偿期肝硬化的患者直肠中出现。肝癌@ ### 血管杂音 继发于肿瘤的富血供。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "肝癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "直肠静脉扩张"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
多发性硬化症@已经证明肉毒杆菌毒素局部注射在 MS 中是一种有效的抗痉挛治疗，联合物理治疗一般可获得最大效益。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "多发性硬化症",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "痉挛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
口咽癌@ ### 美国东部肿瘤协作组表现情况标准 研究人员使用该标准来评估患者功能状态，并选择合适的治疗。口咽癌@ * 3级：只能有限的生活自理；限于床上或椅子上的时间占清醒时的50%以上。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "阶段",
"subject": "口咽癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "3级"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他"
}
}
] |
一般类型急性上呼吸道感染 症状 局部症状:鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、干咳、咽部不适和咽痛等,多于3 ~4天内自然痊愈。 【并发症】 以婴幼儿多见，病变若向邻近器官组织蔓延可引起中耳炎、鼻窦炎、咽后壁脓肿、扁桃体周围脓肿、颈淋巴结炎、喉炎、支气管炎及肺炎等。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鼻塞"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "流涕"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "喷嚏"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "干咳"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咽部不适"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性上呼吸道感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咽痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
* 初步稳定后，如果合适，妊娠女性应接受皮质类固醇治疗，以加速胎儿肺成熟。前置胎盘@如果母亲在初始皮质类固醇疗程后的 7 天或更长时间内仍然有早产风险，则皮质类固醇重复给药会降低婴儿出现呼吸道和严重影响健康结局的风险。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "前置胎盘",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "皮质类固醇"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "早产",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "皮质类固醇"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
【临床表现】 急性肾炎临床表现轻重悬殊,轻者全无临床症状,仅见镜下血尿，重者可呈急进性过程，短期内出现肾功能不全。 典型表现 急性期常有全身不适、乏力、食欲缺乏、发热、头痛、头晕、咳嗽、气急、恶心、呕吐、 腹痛及鼻出血等。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "全身不适"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "乏力"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "食欲缺乏"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "发热"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "头痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "头晕"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "气急"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "恶心"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "呕吐"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹痛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鼻出血"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血尿"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（症状）",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肾功能不全"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "急性肾炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "无临床症状"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
基底细胞癌@治疗效果：刮除术联合冷冻治疗与手术治疗针对头颈部浅表型及结节性基底细胞癌患者在降低治疗失败率方面谁更有效还没有定论。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "基底细胞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "刮除术联合冷冻治疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "手术治疗",
"subject": "基底细胞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "手术治疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "手术治疗"
}
}
] |
骨性关节炎@或 [ 复方水杨酸甲酯 ](/druglink?dd=MARTINDALE) open_in_new : 如需要，疼痛区域使用，每天3-4次。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "骨性关节炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "复方水杨酸甲酯"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
宫颈癌@ [ 子宫内膜异位症 ](/topics/zh-cn/355) ### 宫颈息肉 体征/症状 检查 体征/症状 异常出血、检查发现包块。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "宫颈息肉",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "异常出血"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "宫颈息肉",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "包块"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
脑炎@### 运动障碍 克雅二氏病（肌阵挛）、抗 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸 (NMDA) 受体脑炎（口面部运动障碍/ 肌肉不自主收缩）、狂犬病、惠普尔病（眼球震颤和咀嚼肌收缩）。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "克雅二氏病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肌阵挛"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "惠普尔病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "咀嚼肌收缩"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "惠普尔病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "眼球震颤"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "脑炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "运动障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
细菌性脑膜炎@≤1月龄 – 联合 – 支持性疗法 针对经选择患者组全部患者的治疗推荐 患者有代偿性休克症状（神经功能状态通常保持正常，但脉搏率可能持续升高、皮肤斑驳、由于体循环血管阻力升高导致的四肢冰凉、毛细血管再充盈延长、尿量减少）或呼吸窘迫时应该补充供氧。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "细菌性脑膜炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "支持性疗法"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
1.冷凝集素病 常继发于肺炎支原体、EB病毒感染或继发于淋巴增生性疾病，产生识别I/i系统寡糖抗原的抗体，通常为IgM，需补体参与。如以专抗IgG或IgM的抗血清作Coombs试验时，直接试验阴性，而抗补体Coombs试验则阳性。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "冷凝集素病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "专抗IgG"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "冷凝集素病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "IgM的抗血清"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "冷凝集素病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺炎支原体"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "冷凝集素病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "EB病毒感染"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "相关（导致）",
"subject": "冷凝集素病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "淋巴增生性疾病"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
基底细胞癌@### 手术治疗 外科治疗后会有瘢痕，但复发率＜2%。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "手术治疗",
"subject": "基底细胞癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "手术治疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "手术治疗"
}
}
] |
【治疗】 （一）治疗原则 ALL以化学治疗（化疗）为主要手段。 （2）预防感染：注意食品及环境卫生，减少感染机会。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "并发症",
"subject": "ALL",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "感染"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "化疗",
"subject": "ALL",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "化学治疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
非小细胞肺癌@另外，淋巴结活检可疑可提供诊断和分期信息。非小细胞肺癌@可对锁骨上淋巴结取样或经支气管内超声对纵膈淋巴结取样。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "组织学检查",
"subject": "非小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "纵膈淋巴结取样"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "组织学检查",
"subject": "非小细胞肺癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "淋巴结活检"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
（三）中毒 如毒蕈、鱼胆、四氯化碳、磷等。 【发病机制】 ALF的发病机制目前仍不甚明确。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "ALF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "毒蕈"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "ALF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "鱼胆"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "ALF",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "四氯化碳"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
葡萄膜炎提示结节病、幼年类风湿关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、川崎病、Behçet综合征和脉管炎。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "结节病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "幼年类风湿关节炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "系统性红斑狼疮",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "川崎病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "Behçet综合征",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "相关（转化）",
"subject": "脉管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "葡萄膜炎"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
}
] |
膀胱癌@若肿瘤仅具有乳头状外观或仅黏膜出现异常（提示原位瘤），则在手术前不建议进行 CT 检查，因其很少改变治疗策略。 膀胱癌@若膀胱镜检查时肿瘤外观提示其可能为肌层浸润型，则在 TURBT 前，应进行全血细胞计数 (FBC) 检查、化学检查（包括碱性磷酸酶）、胸部 X 线检查、上尿道集合系统成像以及腹部/盆腔 CT 或 MRI 检查。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "实验室检查",
"subject": "膀胱癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "全血细胞计数 (FBC) 检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助检查",
"subject": "膀胱癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "化学检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "膀胱癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "腹部/盆腔 CT"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "影像学检查",
"subject": "膀胱癌",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "MRI 检查"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
HIV 感染@结果 近期感染者血清病毒载量在数百万拷贝/mL水平；在感染控制期，病毒载量可以控制在数千或者数十万；感染晚期病毒载量再次增加到数百万 ### 妊娠试验 检查 结果 检查 所有育龄女性均应进行妊娠试验以便有机会实施母婴传播的预防策略。 HIV 感染@结果 妊娠女性结果为阳性 ### 乙型肝炎病毒血清学检测 检查 结果 检查 在基线时、开始 ART 之前或者肝功能异常时，应进行该检查。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "辅助检查",
"subject": "HIV 感染",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "妊娠试验"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "检查"
}
}
] |
念珠菌病@ 另外保持皮肤清洁、干燥是治疗的重要措施。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "辅助治疗",
"subject": "念珠菌病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "保持皮肤清洁、干燥"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
}
] |
二、慢性支气管炎 成人慢性支气管炎（chronic bronchitis）是指反复有痰咳嗽，每年发作3个月或3个月以上，连续2年或2年以上。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "成人慢性支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "chronic bronchitis"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "成人慢性支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "反复有痰咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "慢性支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "chronic bronchitis"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "临床表现",
"subject": "慢性支气管炎",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "反复有痰咳嗽"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "症状"
}
}
] |
白喉@少数情况下，血管运动中心功能障碍可导致低血压和心力衰竭。
|
[
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "低血压",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血管运动中心功能障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
},
{
"Combined": false,
"predicate": "病因",
"subject": "心力衰竭",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血管运动中心功能障碍"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "社会学"
}
}
] |
急性淋巴细胞白血病@目前该药正在ALL患者中进行研究，在复发难治患者的治疗中具有一定前景。 急性淋巴细胞白血病@### CTL019 CTL019 采用 CAR（嵌合型抗原受体）技术，重编患者自身的 T 细胞以“猎杀”表达 CD19 的癌细胞。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "药物治疗",
"subject": "急性淋巴细胞白血病",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "CTL019"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "药物"
}
}
] |
六、恶性血管内皮瘤 恶性血管内皮瘤（malignant mesothelioma）又称血管肉瘤，小儿少见。肿瘤常见转移到肺和肝，也可至区域淋巴结，对放疗敏感度低。
|
[
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "转移部位",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "肺和肝"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "部位"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "转移部位",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "区域淋巴结"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "部位"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "放射治疗",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "放疗"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "其他治疗"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "malignant mesothelioma"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "同义词",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "血管肉瘤"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "疾病"
}
},
{
"Combined": true,
"predicate": "多发群体",
"subject": "恶性血管内皮瘤",
"subject_type": "疾病",
"object": {
"@value": "小儿少见"
},
"object_type": {
"@value": "流行病学"
}
}
] |
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