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Phuong, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Faculty of Accounting & Auditing Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Viet Nam
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
International Journal of Financial Research
ISSN 1923-4023(Print)ISSN 1923-4031(Online)
Copyright © Sciedu Press
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For years Google has been communicating and we've been reporting that Google does not support using the noindex direction within your robots.txt file. Well, people still use it and now Gary Illyes from Google is on the case - he may end up making sure it completely doesn't work.
In short, John was asked about it again and he gave the same answer he has been giving for years:
We don't officially support it, so I wouldn't rely on any particular effect.
— 🍌 John 🍌 (@JohnMu) April 17, 2019
So then Gary Illyes stepped in and said this may go away soon as he reviews the code behind it:
This may go away. I'm cleaning up that part of the googlebot codebase nowadays and that thing sticks out like a nun in a mosh pit
— Gary "鯨理" Illyes (@methode) April 18, 2019
Why fully remove support for this? Well, (1) Google has been telling people not to use it and (2) Gary said "Technically, robots.txt is for crawling. The meta tags are for indexing. During indexing they'd be applied at the same stage so there's no good reason to have both of them."
Then people said but people use it, don't drop it. So he said he will investigate and if that is true, he will try to make a pitch to keep it:
Alright. I'll run a study to see how people are using it. If the majority are screwing themselves with it, then I'll go ahead for approvals
— Gary "鯨理" Illyes (@methode) April 18, 2019
He goes on:
We're working on educating devs on (basic) SEO. There's a disconnect between the two groups at most companies I've talked to and it's hurting websites most of the time. That doesn't mean that you should misuse something though. If you have a screw, use a screwdriver, not a hammer
— Gary "鯨理" Illyes (@methode) April 18, 2019
I bet the unofficial support does go away at some point - so just don't use it!
Forum discussion at Twitter.
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The Future We've Been Entrusted, the Shine of This World
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Last automatic update of this episode on 2024-11-30 at 20:32
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Andre Delattre Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Program, The Public Interest Network
Andre Delattre Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Program, The Public Interest Network Andre directs The Public Interest Network's national campaign staff and programs. His previous roles include national organizing director of the Student PIRGs and executive director of PIRG. He also serves on the executive committee of the Financial Accountability and Corporate Transparency (FACT) Coalition. He lives in Chicago with his wife and daughter, and is an avid cyclist and chess player.
Efficient water heaters will cut pollution, save money, save lives Energy efficiency Efficient water heaters will cut pollution, save money, save lives May 1, 2024
A look back at what our unique network accomplished in 2023 Beyond plastic A look back at what our unique network accomplished in 2023 December 27, 2023
How much does American driving contribute to global climate pollution? Clean air How much does American driving contribute to global climate pollution? July 18, 2023
What can we do about the unhealthy air quality in Chicago? Clean air What can we do about the unhealthy air quality in Chicago? June 28, 2023
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Robledo-Abad, C., Althaus, H.J., Berndes, G., Bolwig, S., Corbera, E., Creutzig, F., Garcia-Ulloa, J., Geddes, A., Gregg, J.S., Haberl, H., Hanger-Kopp, S., Harper, R.J., Hunsberger, C., Larsen, R.K., Lauk, C., Leitner, S., Lilliestam, J., Lotze-Campen, H., Muys, B., Nordborg, M., et al. (2017). Bioenergy production and sustainable development: science base for policy-making remains limited. GCB Bioenergy 9 (3) 541-556. 10.1111/gcbb.12338.
Preview |
Text
Bioenergy production and sustainable development.pdf - Submitted Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
gcbb12338(1).pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) | Preview |
Abstract
The possibility of using bioenergy as a climate change mitigation measure has sparked a discussion of whether and how bioenergy production contributes to sustainable development. We undertook a systematic review of the scientific literature to illuminate this relationship and found a limited scientific basis for policy-making. Our results indicate that knowledge on the sustainable development impacts of bioenergy production is concentrated in a few well-studied countries, focuses on environmental and economic impacts, and mostly relates to dedicate agricultural biomass plantations. The scope and methodological approaches in studies differ widely and only a small share of the studies sufficiently reports on context and/or baseline conditions, which makes it difficult to get a general understanding of the attribution of impacts. Nevertheless we identified regional patterns of positive or negative impacts for all categories - environmental, economic, institutional, social and technological. In general, economic and technological impacts were more frequently reported as positive, while social and environmental impacts were more frequently reported as negative (with the exception of impacts on direct substitution of GHG emission from fossi fuel). More focused and transparent research is needed to validate these patterns and develop a strong science underpinning for establishing policies and governance agreements that prevent/mitigate negative and promote positvie impacts from bioenergy production.
Item Type: | Article |
---|---|
Research Programs: | Risk & Resilience (RISK) Risk, Policy and Vulnerability (RPV) |
Depositing User: | IIASA Import |
Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2016 08:54 |
Last Modified: | 27 Aug 2021 17:40 |
URI: | https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/11690 |
Actions (login required)
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Selected Tags
Click on a tag to remove itMore Tags
Click on a tag to add it and filter downUtilities packages
Showing projects tagged as 2.0, 2.1, 1.10, and Utilities
-
6.7 8.8 L5 PythonSQL reporting that Just Works. Fast, simple, and confusion-free. Write and share queries in a delightful SQL editor, with AI assistance.
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* Code Quality Rankings and insights are calculated and provided by Lumnify.
They vary from L1 to L5 with "L5" being the highest.
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Abstract
Here we describe a simple route to creating conformal sulphated
zirconia monolayers throughout an SBA-15 architecture that confers
efficient acid-catalysed one-pot conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate.
zirconia monolayers throughout an SBA-15 architecture that confers
efficient acid-catalysed one-pot conversion of glucose to ethyl levulinate.
Bibliographical note
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Funding: Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (CTQ2011-28216-C02–01); Royal Society for an industry fellowship; EPSRC (EP/K000616/2 and EP/K014676/1) and for a Leadership Fellowship (EP/G007594/4).
Electronic supplementary information: Experimental details, porosimetry, XRD, TEM, XPS, ICP-OES, FTIR-pyridine, NH3-TPD and additional reaction data. See DOI: 10.1039/c4cc04594g.
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Untitled Sam Harrelson on December 1, 2008 Sonic Youth’s Sister, the Road and Some Snow Related Category: Technology Post navigation Previous: Previous post: Previous PostNext: Next post: Untitled Leave a ReplyCancel reply
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Messages from SEEDIG 2016
22 April 2016 | Belgrade
Summarising SEEDIG 2016 debates
The ‘SEEDIG Messages’ are the main takeaways from our annual meetings; they reflect the discussions and are endorsed by participants.
The Messages below reflect the discussions held at the second SEEDIG annual meeting (Belgrade, April 2016).
Who governs the Internet in SEE?
- Internet governance (IG) is evolving with time. This evolution of IG makes the main actors be more open and inclusive.
- IG is mostly and mainly about dialogue and collaboration between different actors. And ‘consensus’ is the key word in IG.
- There is no single main actor in IG: governments are important, but so are users, the technical community, and the private sector. Civil society is bringing up a lot of important topics, but the governance of the Internet is further implemented together with other stakeholders.
- Multistakeholderism is not a single model, but a set of (good) practices and behaviours that helps to improve the governance process and make more voices being heard. Participating on equal footing and inclusiveness are key words for multistakeholder Internet governance mechanisms.
- Representativeness of stakeholder groups and ‘legitimacy’ are a matter of continuous discussion in IG. But, as long as the governance process is open and inclusive, we can call it multistakeholder.
- (Better) global IG discussions should be shaped in a bottom-up way: from national level to (sub-)regional, and all the way to the global level.
Bridging digital divide(s) with a #SEEchange in digital literacy
- There are many layers of Internet development in the South Eastern European region, from access and infrastructure (broadband included) to cost and affordability, literacy, content, and services. Deployment of infrastructure is insufficient in itself, and needs to be complemented by measures focused on education and development of local content, among others.
- Internet access solely via mobile technologies should be seen only as a temporary access solution. Mobile technology does not provide complete access to the breadth of the Internet, and, as such, must be reinforced by fiber networks and better use of spectrum, especially in rural areas.
- More efforts are needed in the region (both from the governments and the private sector) to improve the adoption of IPv6 and other Internet technologies that can contribute to bridging the digital divide.
- Digital literacy and awareness about content like e-services or e-government, specifically in local languages and scripts, are critical to bridging the digital divide.
- Internationalised Domain Names (IDNs) can contribute to bringing more people online. Supporting and encouraging the development and use of IDNs in the region is therefore extremely important.
Discussing cyber(SEE)curity: global issues in regional context
- There are differences in understanding what cybersecurity is among different stakeholders, be they public or private. This lack of harmonised approaches to the cybersecurity definition is combined with the lack of clarity concerning the role of different stakeholders, such as state, private sector, and civil society. Thus, a dialogue between different stakeholders has to be based on clear understanding of the definition and possible roles.
- The role of various stakeholders in protecting cybersecurity will continue to be shaped by the major shift from the concept of security as the duty of the state, to cybersecurity and protection of individuals as a shared responsibility. The distribution of duties and responsibilities among different stakeholders in the South Eastern European region is not established yet, and has to be figured out taking into account rule of law, human rights, and the balance between public and private interests. Governments and other stakeholders have to work together to find the best mechanisms for safeguarding cybersecurity and for a more balanced cyber environment.
- Accountability of all players, especially governments and security services, is a precondition of any working multistakeholder solution.
- Since many of the cybersecurity strategies in the region do not include human rights issues, more attention and awareness is needed to develop the approaches that will implement human rights ‘by design’.
- The rule of law is very important, especially when it comes to protecting humans rights and conducting criminal investigations in the digital environment. However, the law on paper is not enough – legal frameworks should be operational and functional.
- Governments are expected to play a vital role in protecting critical infrastructure, combating cybercrime, contributing to education (including through public-private partnerships), and protecting human rights. However, users should take their part of responsibility in protecting the security of their data and/or devices (for example through using end-to-end encryption), and not only rely on governments and private companies.
Come and solve the human rights puzzle with us
- Privacy is one of the most important human rights online. Privacy and anonymity are needed to ensure that other human rights, such as freedom of expression and assembly, are freely exercised and protected.
- Freedom of expression in every sense should be protected online.
- Access to information will help ensure equality online.
- An important question that needs further consideration is who should be more responsible when it comes to ensuring the protection of human rights online. Governments or the private sector?
- Remedies to issues regarding human rights online need to be discussed by all stakeholders in length and depth.
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2024-12-13T22:08:21Z
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| 0.998038 |
Toggle navigation
Create account
Log in
Explore
Ecoversities
Gatherings
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Create account
Log in
Create account
From Ecoversities Source
Jump to:
navigation
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search
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To protect the platform against automated account creation, we kindly ask you to answer the question that appears below (
more info
):
Buenos Aires is the capital city of...
Create your account
Ecoversities Source is made by people like you.
988
edits
200
pages
0
recent contributors
Retrieved from "
https://source.ecoversities.org/Special:CreateAccount
"
This platform is in beta stage,
coded in love and freedom
.
Version 0.3.5
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2024-12-13T21:32:00Z
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Usage conditions may apply for digital images, video, and sound recordings linked within SOVA collections. While digital content may be restricted, SOVA collection descriptions and catalog records are available CC0 for re-use. For more information, visit the Smithsonian's Terms of Use page.
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Guide to the Thomas Norrell Railroad Photographs Collection
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Privacy Statement for the Fedora Project
This Privacy Statement is intended to describe the Fedora Project’s privacy practices and provide information about the choices you have regarding the ways in which information collected by the Fedora Project is used and disclosed. For convenience, the Fedora Project is referred to in this document as "Fedora".
At Fedora, your privacy is important to us. To better protect your privacy, we have provided this Statement explaining our information practices and the choices you can make about the way your personal information is collected, used and disclosed. To make this Statement easy to find, we have made it available on our homepage and at every location where personally-identifiable information may be requested.
This Privacy Statement applies to all information collected by or submitted to Fedora, including personal data. "Personal data" is data that can be used to identify an individual.
Fedora collects personal data when:
-
you create a user account;
-
you participate in surveys and evaluations;
-
you participate in promotions, contests or giveaways;
-
you submit questions or comments to us.
Fedora may also collect personal data from individuals (with their consent) at conventions, trade shows and expositions. The types of personal data collected may include (but are not limited to):
-
your first and last name;
-
your title and your company’s name;
-
your home, billing, or other physical address (including street name, name of a city or town, state/province);
-
your country code;
-
your e-mail address;
-
your telephone number;
-
any other identifier that permits Fedora to make physical or online contact with you;
-
any information that Fedora collects online from you and maintains in association with your account, such as:
-
your Fedora Account System password,
-
your GPG key ID,
-
your SSH public key,
-
your IRC nickname,
-
your language preference,
-
your timezone,
-
your geographic coordinates (longitude/latitude),
-
your affiliation(s).
-
In keeping with the open nature and spirit of Fedora, some personal data attached to Fedora accounts is made public by default. Specifically:
-
your first and last name;
-
your country code;
-
your email address;
-
your language preference;
-
your SSH public key;
-
your timezone;
-
your GPG key ID (if defined);
-
your IRC nickname (if defined);
-
your geographic coordinates (if defined);
-
your affiliations (if defined).
If you wish for this information to be kept private, you can opt-out of displaying this information publicly in your Fedora Account Preferences. If you choose to opt-out, Fedora will still have access to this information, but it will not be displayed to others, and will be considered Private. The only exception to this is for your email address, which may still be visible in some Fedora services such as Bugzilla.
Fedora uses the personal data you provide to:
-
create and maintain your accounts;
-
identify and authenticate you;
-
attribute data and content you produce directly and indirectly in our public-facing services;
-
answer your questions;
-
send you information;
-
for research activities, including the production of statistical reports (such aggregated information is not used to contact the subjects of the report);
-
send you surveys.
We also use this personal data to provide you with information related to your account and the products or services you acquire from us, to better understand your needs and interests, to improve our service, to personalize communications, and to comply with or fulfill any contractual obligations to you. It is in Fedora’s legitimate business interests to provide you with the information, communications, and services you request; to create a public record of the data and content produced by Fedora’s services; and to maintain the integrity of that data and content for historical, scientific, and research purposes.
Unless you consent, Fedora will never process or share the personal data you provide to us except as described below.
Fedora may share your personal data with third parties under any of the following circumstances:
-
Your publicly available personal data in the Fedora account system, as described above, is accessible by anyone unless you, as the account holder, opt out as already described in this Privacy Statement.
-
As required to provide service, and for e-mail housing (as a consequence of uses already described in this Privacy Statement). It is in Fedora’s legitimate business interest to provide all users an accurate record of data and content provided by Fedora’s services, and to maintain the integrity of that data and content for historical, scientific, and research purposes. This data and content may include but is not limited to email, code changes, comments, and artifacts.
-
As required by law (such as responding to a valid subpoena, warrant, audit, or agency action, or to prevent fraud).
-
For research activities, including the production of statistical reports (such aggregated information is used to describe our services and is not used to contact the subjects of the report).
Fedora may send you e-mail about your account, to inform you of important upcoming Fedora events (e.g. elections), or in response to your questions. For your protection, Fedora may contact you in the event that we find an issue that requires your immediate attention. Fedora processes your personal data in these cases to fulfill and comply with its contractual obligations to you, to provide the services you have requested, and to ensure the security of your account.
Fedora’s online services automatically capture IP addresses. We use IP addresses to help diagnose problems with our servers, to administer our website, and to help ensure the security of your interaction with our services. Your IP address is used to help identify you and your location, in order to provide you data and content from our services as quickly as possible. It is in Fedora’s legitimate business interest to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of its services for all users.
As part of offering and providing customizable and personalized services, Fedora uses cookies to store and sometimes track information about you. A cookie is a small amount of data that is sent to your browser from a Web server and stored on your computer’s hard drive. All sections of fedoraproject.org where you are prompted to log in or that are customizable require your browser to accept cookies.
Generally, we use cookies to:
-
Remind us of who you are and to access your account information (stored on our computers) in order to provide a better and more personalized service. This cookie is set when you register or "sign in" and is modified when you "sign out" of our services.
-
Estimate audience size. Each browser accessing Fedora is given a unique cookie that is used to determine the extent of repeat usage and usage by a registered user versus by an unregistered user.
-
Track your progress and number of entries in some of our promotions, sweepstakes, and contests. When a Fedora hosted promotion uses cookies, the information written to the cookie indicates the person’s progress through the promotion, and may be used to track entries, submissions, and status in prize drawings.
-
Measure certain traffic patterns, which areas of Fedora’s network of websites you have visited, and your visiting patterns in the aggregate. We use this research to understand how our user’s habits are similar or different from one another so that we can make each new experience on fedoraproject.org a better one. We may use this information to better personalize the content, banners, and promotions you and other users will see on our sites.
If you do not want your personal information to be stored by cookies, you can configure your browser so that it always rejects these cookies or asks you each time if you accept them or not. However, you must understand that the use of cookies may be necessary to provide certain services, and choosing to reject cookies will reduce the performance and functionality of the site. Your browser documentation includes instructions explaining how to enable, disable or delete cookies at the browser level (usually located in the “Help”, “Tools” or “Edit” facility).
Fedora trains its administrators on our privacy policy guidelines and makes our privacy policy available to our partners. Our website uses Secure Socket Layer (SSL) technology, which encrypts your personal data when you send your personal information on our website. In addition, Fedora and its partners enter into confidentiality agreements which require that care and precautions be taken to prevent loss, misuse, or disclosure of your personal data.
Fedora often makes chat rooms, forums, mailing lists, message boards, and/or news groups available to its users. Please remember that any information that is disclosed in these areas becomes public information. Exercise caution when deciding to disclose your personal data. Although we value individual ideas and encourage free expression, Fedora reserves the right to take necessary action to preserve the integrity of these areas, such as removing any posting that is vulgar or inappropriate. It is in Fedora’s legitimate business interests to provide all users an accurate record of data and content provided in the public forums it maintains and uses; to maintain the integrity of that data and content for historical, scientific, and research purposes; and to provide an environment for the free exchange of ideas relevant and constructive to the development and propagation of open source software.
Out of special concern for children’s privacy, Fedora does not knowingly accept online personal information from children under the age of 13. Fedora does not knowingly allow children under the age of 13 to become registered members of our sites. Fedora does not knowingly collect or solicit personal information about children under 13.
In the event that Fedora ever decides to expand its intended site audience to include children under the age of 13, those specific web pages will, in accordance with the requirements of the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), be clearly identified and provide an explicit privacy notice addressed to children under 13. In addition, Fedora will provide an appropriate mechanism to obtain parental approval, allow parents to subsequently make changes to or request removal of their children’s personal information, and provide access to any other information as required by law.
This site contains links to other sites. Fedora does not control the information collection of sites that can be reached through links from fedoraproject.org. If you have questions about the data collection procedures of linked sites, please contact those sites directly.
Where the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016/679 (“GDPR”) applies to the processing of your personal data, especially when you access the website from a country in the European Economic Area (“EEA”), you have the following rights, subject to some limitations, against Fedora:
-
The right to access your personal data;
-
The right to rectify the personal data we hold about you;
-
The right to erase your personal data;
-
The right to restrict our use of your personal data;
-
The right to object to our use of your personal data;
-
The right to receive your personal data in a usable electronic format and transmit it to a third party (also known as the right of data portability); and
-
The right to lodge a complaint with your local data protection authority.
If you would like to exercise any of these rights, you may do so via our Personal Data Request Form. Please understand, however, the rights enumerated above are not absolute in all cases.
Where the GDPR applies, you also have the right to withdraw any consent you have given to uses of your personal data. If you wish to withdraw consent that you have previously provided to Fedora, you may do so via our Personal Data Request Form. However, the withdrawal of consent will not affect the lawfulness of processing based on consent before its withdrawal.
Fedora gives you the ability to access, modify or update your personal data at any time. You may log in and make changes to your login information (change your password), your contact information, your general preferences and your personalization settings. If necessary, you may also contact us and describe the changes you want made to the personal data you have previously provided using the Personal Data Request Form.
If you wish to remove your personal data from Fedora, you may contact us using the Personal Data Requests Form and request that we remove this information from the Fedora Account System. Other locations where you may have used your personal data as an identifier (e.g. Bugzilla comments, list postings in the archives, wiki change history, and spec changelogs) will not be altered.
If you have any questions about any of these practices or Fedora’s use of your personal information, please feel free to contact us by email, or by mail at:
Fedora Legal c/o Red Hat, Inc. - Corporate Legal Group 100 East Davie Street Raleigh, NC 27601
Fedora will work with you to resolve any concerns you may have about this Statement.
Fedora reserves the right to change this policy from time to time. If we do make changes, the revised Privacy Statement will be posted on this site. A notice will be posted on our homepage for 30 days whenever this privacy statement is changed in a material way.
This Privacy Statement was last amended on May 25, 2018.
Want to help? Learn how to contribute to Fedora Docs ›
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| 0.996488 |
designing information technology in the postmodern age
"Collaboration shifts": Victoria Vesna investigates the digital/physical limn, the compression of spacetime, and the condition of tensegrity in projects such as n0time and Datamining Bodies.
digital futures of literature, theory, criticism, and the arts
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Table Tennis: at 7:30pm on Fridays June 14th, 28th and 12th July in Fulking Village Hall. [I myself won’t be playing on the first date as I am still recovering from illness.]
All welcome Jen Green (552)
Table Tennis: at 7:30pm on Fridays June 14th, 28th and 12th July in Fulking Village Hall. [I myself won’t be playing on the first date as I am still recovering from illness.]
All welcome Jen Green (552)
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Have you, or someone you know, been affected by Breast Cancer?
Did you know that every three minutes, a women is diagnosed with breast cancer, and 1 in 8 U.S. women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime. It is estimated that 226, 870 women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer this year, and about 39,510 will die from the cancer. Breast Cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death in women. (Lung cancer is the first.)In a continuing attempt to bring awareness to the need to find a cure, and in honor of Breast Cancer Awareness Month, #EstrovenPink has invited women to come together and host a pink themed party. (You can host a party too.)
So, this past week, a few of us got together for a Sleep-Pink Party.
It was low key and relaxing.
I rounded up some pink flowers to decorate.
We had pink punch. And it gave me a chance to use these really fun mason jar lids.
We ate pink frosted cookies.
And painted our nails our favorite shade of pink.
We also talked about what precautions we could take to fight against breast cancer.
Stats like the ones listed above make me feel helpless. We all know at least 8 women, which means there is a good chance one of them/us will be affected.
In preparation for the pink party, I did a little research to see if there was anything I could do. Here are 5 things we can do to help lower our risk of breast cancer.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Weight gain in midlife has been shown to significantly increase breast cancer risk. Maintain weight by eating right and exercising.
Consume as many fruits and vegetables as you can.
Eat 7 or more servings a day. The best vegetables to eat are brocoli, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, carrots and tomatoes. Dark Leafy Greens like collards, kale and spinach. The best fruits include citrus, berries and cherries.
Exercise regularly throughout your life.
30 minutes a day, five days a week. Remember, it isn't so much the duration or the intensity, as much as the consistency.
Take a supplement daily.
It is important to take a multivitamin, 500-1,000 mg of vitamin C, 200-400 IU's of vitamin E, and fish oil. 200 mcg of mineral seleniums is also important. You can eat one or two Brazil nuts as an alternative.
Have a good mental attitude.
Take care of yourself. Cultivate healthy, mutually beneficial relationships with family and friends. Get enough sleep, 7-8 hours. Find your groove and work to keep it. Mind-body associations with breast cancer are significant.
With three girls, pink is a favorite color in our house. And so is the worry about breast cancer. The sleep pink party was a good reminder for all of us.
Have any of you battled Breast Cancer? What about your mom, sisters or friend?
During the month of October, Estroven is providing women with the necessary tools to host a Sleep Pink-themed party on SleepPink.com. The site will allow party hosts to upload photographs of their events, and for every photo, the company will pledge $100 to benefit the Avon Walk for Breast Cancer. It will also provide information to help organize the Sleep Pink parties including downloadable invitations, menopause-friendly
drink and food recipe suggestions, as well as décor and entertainment ideas.
To find out how to host an Estroven Sleep Pink-themed party and raise funds for the Avon Walk for Breast Cancer, visit www.SleepPink.com.
This is a sponsored post written by me on behalf of Estroven. The opinions and text are all mine.
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Firefox 用户 f247d9
关于我
名称 | Firefox 用户 f247d9 |
---|---|
注册时间 | Feb. 12, 2022 |
开发的附加组件数量 | 0 个附加组件 |
开发的附加组件平均得分 | 尚无评分 |
我所发表的评价
评分3星，满分5星
It works and is easy to install. For future versions it would be very useful to change a few things.
* Archived mails always show up with the current date / time. It would be helpful to use the original date of the mail to keep the sort order
* Archiving Sent Mails to a contact doesn't work
* After archiving a mail the "select account / contacts" box resets. It would be good to keep the last selected contact, makes it easier to archive many mails
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<urn:uuid:e76c580e-9902-4212-a373-7f66aed84ef3>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://addons.thunderbird.net/zh-cN/thunderbird/user/anonymous-f247d9d3dbc574b3d209b840f1b6faa8/
|
2024-12-03T11:35:06Z
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Latn
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| 0.99239 |
Previously recorded videos may contain expired pricing, exclusivity claims, or promotional offers.
£44.97
Deleted£75.00
Price details
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Pay in 3 instalments of £14.99 with Easy Pay
Achieve the curls of your dreams, no matter where you are, with the Nicky Clarke Classic Compact Rollers and Hair Raising spray set. This set boasts twelve heated rollers with ionic technology to help provide you with smooth, long-lasting curls with minimal frizz. The included Hair Raising spray will take your hair to new heights, working to give both volume and shine for a salon-worthy finish. And you can even take it on the go, thanks to the included travel case, so you're never without beautiful, bouncy curls.
- Only valid until 8th December
- Delivered to UK mainland only
- 12 heated rollers with easy-to-use clips and grips
- Handy travel bag included
- Heats up to 6 rollers in 10 minutes
- Ionic technology
- Suitable for all hair types
Contains:
- 1 x Classic Compact Rollers set
- 1 x Hair Raising Spray (200ml) - a volumising spray that works to give your locks the look of lift and body while leaving behind a shiny finish
- 1 x travel case
How to use:
Heated rollers:
- Ensure your hands are dry and your hair is dry or damp. Do not use on wet hair
- Ensure your hair is tangle-free
- Always place your compact rollers on a solid, flat, stable, heat resistant surface. Do not place your rollers on an uneven surface such as a carpet, bedding or rug and never cover your rollers
- Unzip the case and remove the hair clips from their storage area ready for use. The case is divided into two halves. One half stores six rollers and the other half stores and heats six rollers. You can heat six rollers at a time
- Fit the six rollers to be heated into the heating area. Align the pins on the roller with the connector. Make sure each roller is fully pressed down onto its connector
- Plug your compact rollers into the mains power supply. The power indicator in the bottom of the case will illuminate and your rollers will start to heat up
- One of the six light grey rollers and one of the six dark grey rollers has a ready-to-use indicator on it. When it turns white (after approximately 10 mins) they are ready to use
- For fine hair, the roller heating time should be 10 minutes (after which the ready-to-use indicator will turn white)
- For hair of normal thickness, roller heating time should be 15 minutes
- For thick hair, roller heating time should be 20 minutes
- Separate a section of hair approximately 5cm in width and smooth it out with a brush
- Place the roller at the end of the hair section and slowly wrap it around the roller. Use a hair clip to hold it in place
- Once the six heated rollers have been used, heat the other six and use in the same way
Hair Raising Spray:
- Apply to dry or damp hair
- Spray from roots to mid-length
- Spray directly onto damp or dry hair for beachy, texturized waves or to create messy or relaxed styles
- Use in between washes to revive the look of hair, like a dry shampoo
Print this page
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://americanheartdiets.com/article/nicky-clarke-classic-compact-rollers-hair-raising-spray-200ml-qvc-uk
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2024-12-03T10:51:05Z
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.99844 |
How Safe is the UofA Campus
This was my entry to the data visualization contest for 2024. I tried to summarize key findings from police reports on the incidents and frequency of crimes reported around the UofA campus for the 5 years 2018-2023.
For inquiries regarding the contents of this dataset, please contact the Corresponding Author listed in the README.txt file. Administrative inquiries (e.g., removal requests, trouble downloading, etc.) can be directed to [email protected]
This item is part of University of Arizona Libraries 2024 Data Visualization Challenge
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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|
2024-12-03T11:21:36Z
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.996524 |
Computer Science > Computation and Language
Title:Make More of Your Data: Minimal Effort Data Augmentation for Automatic Speech Recognition and Translation
View PDFAbstract:Data augmentation is a technique to generate new training data based on existing data. We evaluate the simple and cost-effective method of concatenating the original data examples to build new training instances. Continued training with such augmented data is able to improve off-the-shelf Transformer and Conformer models that were optimized on the original data only. We demonstrate considerable improvements on the LibriSpeech-960h test sets (WER 2.83 and 6.87 for test-clean and test-other), which carry over to models combined with shallow fusion (WER 2.55 and 6.27). Our method of continued training also leads to improvements of up to 0.9 WER on the ASR part of CoVoST-2 for four non English languages, and we observe that the gains are highly dependent on the size of the original training data. We compare different concatenation strategies and found that our method does not need speaker information to achieve its improvements. Finally, we demonstrate on two datasets that our methods also works for speech translation tasks.
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<urn:uuid:b8fc6af8-3e7f-489c-afe4-343947ca2c25>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
|
https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.15398
|
2024-12-03T13:06:43Z
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| 0.9957 |
Industry & Advocacy News
May 25, 2016
In conjunction with the United States Copyright Office’s public study on the effectiveness of the “safe harbors” for online service providers contained in the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (“DMCA”), this month the Copyright Office hosted a series of public roundtable discussions about the effectiveness of the DMCA’s safe harbors.
The DMCA provides “safe harbors” to protect online service providers (“OSPs”) from copyright infringement liability for user-posted content—provided they cooperate with copyright owners to police and prevent infringement on their sites. The law was adopted in 1998, when Congress was afraid that liability for user-posted infringements might slow tech-sector growth. The safe harbors are sound in theory, but, as the Guild argued in written comments we submitted as part of the Copyright Office study, the safe harbors “have been interpreted by the courts in a manner that leaves individual creators with no recourse against online piracy”—no recourse, that is, except the notoriously frustrating and ineffective notice-and-takedown process.
The first set of sessions was held at Manhattan’s Thurgood Marshall Courthouse on May 2 and 3. Authors Guild executive director Mary Rasenberger participated in these roundtables, as did two individual Guild members, Damon DiMarco and Hilary Johnson. The Copyright Office then held a second set of discussions for west coast stakeholders at the James R. Browning Courthouse in San Francisco on May 12 and 13, where Authors Guild council member T.J. Stiles represented the concerns of individual authors. DiMarco’s and Stiles’ accounts of the proceedings are quoted below.
The first two sessions at each of the venues focused on notice-and-takedown, the process by which copyright holders can request that OSPs remove infringing material from their sites. The Copyright Office, represented by Jacqueline Charlesworth and Karyn Temple Claggett, opened the New York proceedings by observing that the written comments revealed a “wide chasm” between those who think the DMCA is working well (Internet service providers, generally) and those who think it’s fundamentally flawed (representatives of the creative industries, generally). The roundtable talks, naturally, reflected the same chasm between viewpoints.
Regarding notice-and-takedown, creators underscored the difficulties of the system, such as OSPs demanding additional requirements of notice-senders, the need to agree to an OSPs terms of service before sending a notice, and the speedy reappearance of infringing works once they’ve been taken down. As author (and AG member) Damon DiMarco explained:
the current DMCA policy places authors in an existential game of Whack a Mole. Take one copy of your work down, three more pop up. Repeat, repeat, repeat. Meanwhile, our industry’s ecosystem withers from the bottom up. If the powers that be were this lax in enforcing instances of car theft, stock market fraud, and homicide, we’d all be riding bicycles, impoverished, or dead.
Each time a standard frontlist e-book is pirated rather than purchased through a normal retail channel, its author forgoes what would have been nearly $2 in royalties. T.J. Stiles, recent recipient of his second Pulitzer Prize, spoke about the very real costs of even a small amount of piracy:
To small creators, the DMCA seems designed to fail. Putting the burden on individuals to police the entire Internet is absurd. The cost of piracy in direct terms (i.e. lost sales) is hard to measure, of course, but given the small absolute size of the market for certain works, even a very small amount can be devastating. . . . [E]ven after the Pulitzer the total sales of my newest book [Custer’s Trials] are only 38,000 copies (as of last week). Merely a few hundred pirated copies equals a mortgage payment, a few months of health insurance, etc. Then there are the opportunity costs, the lost time from searching and sending out takedown notices. . . . [P]ublishers are authors’ business partners, not employers, and the support they provide on the piracy front varies widely. Penguin Random House has a centralized takedown-notice service, and works with services like Digimarc, but small presses and self-published authors have to take on the load themselves. Even in my case, I spend perhaps twenty minutes a day finding pirate sites that host my books, copies hosted on Google Docs, and videos on YouTube that advertise free downloads of my books on pirate sites. It’s all time that is lost to creating.
On the other side of the chasm, the online service providers tended to argue that notice-and-takedown is working well for creators, or else complained about the burden of receiving “defective” takedown requests. DiMarco expressed his dismay at their position.
“I went [to the roundtables] to assure representatives of the federal government that, from an author’s perspective, Internet piracy is hurting our industry, destroying the incomes of middle-class authors, and eviscerating the time honored notion that copyright can protect intellectual property,” he said. “Now imagine my shock when I found myself seated with representatives from multi-billion dollar conglomerates, some of whom stated that e-book piracy isn’t a problem, and any attempts to stop piracy would infringe on their freedom of speech. I couldn’t make that up if I tried.”
A subsequent roundtable session explored courts’ interpretation of the DMCA, particularly the legal battles that have been waged over what type of knowledge or awareness of infringement should render an OSP ineligible for safe harbor protection. Representing the Authors Guild, Mary Rasenberger argued that courts require such specific knowledge of infringement that OSPs effectively get a free pass for enabling and profiting from user-posted infringements, while content owners are left with the notoriously ineffective notice-and-takedown system as their only recourse. At the heart of the DMCA is a bargain struck between copyright owners and service providers so that creativity could be free from piracy on the Internet and that Internet service providers’ potential secondary liability for infringing content posted by their users wouldn’t cripple innovation. The OSPs’ free pass, Rasenberger noted, removes any incentive for OSPs to cooperate with rightsholders to combat piracy; additionally, the fact that knowledge of infringement could lead to liability leads many OSPs to avoid policing their sites.
The shortcomings of section 512 are felt particularly acutely by individual creators, who are affected by piracy on the same scale as corporate copyright holders, but who lack the resources to effectively combat it. Many publishers, record companies, and film studios have the resources to outsource notice-and-takedown and to negotiate filtering or other arrangements with OSPs, either directly or through the services they hire. Independent authors do not even have access to these imperfect solutions.
At a session exploring how voluntary agreements between content owners and OSPs could help solve the piracy problem, Rasenberger noted that, while voluntary agreements are well and good, the fact is that, to date, individual creators have been left out of the bargains, which have been struck between OSPs and major content corporations. Maria Schneider, an award-winning composer, enumerated the ways the DMCA has promoted the interests of Internet corporations over those of individual artists. “Do we want a culture that’s controlled by one company?” she asked.
As the Copyright Office continues its study, the next part of the process will likely be an opportunity for stakeholders to submit a round of reply comments responding to other entities’ original comments or remarks at the roundtables. The Guild will be participating in the reply round, and we’ll be sure to keep the interests of individual creators at the heart of the conversation. As Stiles noted of the San Francisco roundtables, “the most heartbreaking stuff came from the musicians, small labels, and indie filmmakers. New releases being massively pirated within minutes—minutes—of release, and they get no return on their efforts to fight it. One filmmaker broke down and cried describing how he lost his life savings within a couple of days of release. Story after story like this.”
Photo credit: Piracy Point by Ted & Dani Percival licensed under CC 2.0
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|
2024-12-03T11:56:16Z
|
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Edge details
Results from
ConceptNet 5.8
Source:
French Wiktionary
Documentation
FAQ
Chat
Blog
Documentation
FAQ
Chat
Blog
fr
machiste
(
a
)
―
RelatedTo
⟶
Weight: 1.0
fr
discriminer
Source:
French Wiktionary
ConceptNet 5 is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
. If you use it in research, please cite
this AAAI paper
.
See
Copying and Sharing ConceptNet
for more details.
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| 0.92227 |
Engagement & Evaluation Coordinator
Applications for this vacancy closed on 23 October 2023 at 12:00PM
<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<p></p><div>The University of Oxford is a stimulating work environment, which enjoys an international reputation as a world-class centre of excellence. Our research plays a key role in tackling many global challenges, from reducing our carbon emissions to developing vaccines during a pandemic.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div> At the University of Oxford, we want our research to be accessible and relevant to everyone. Our Public and Community Engagement with Research (PCER) team is at the heart of this endeavour. We're shaping the University's PCER strategy, supporting engagement activities for researchers, and ensuring that our efforts are both impactful and rewarding.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>The PCER Team is within Innovation & Engagement, which is part of Research Services (RS). RS works in partnership with our academic divisions, their departments and faculties, to support Oxford’s world-class researchers. Our role is to facilitate excellence in research, engagement and innovation at Oxford.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>The Engagement & Evaluation Coordinator helps to evaluate and deliver PCER projects across the University by supporting key engagement activities, training researchers, and capturing the overall impact of the University’s engagement efforts.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div><strong>What We Offer</strong></div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>As an employer, we genuinely care about our employees’ wellbeing and this is reflected in the range of benefits that we offer including:</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>• An excellent contributory pension scheme</div><br>
<div>• 38 days annual leave</div><br>
<div>• A comprehensive range of childcare services</div><br>
<div>• Family leave schemes</div><br>
<div>• Cycle loan scheme</div><br>
<div>• Discounted bus travel and Season Ticket travel loans</div><br>
<div>• Membership to a variety of social and sports clubs </div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>Hybrid working is available as part of this opportunity and flexible working will also be considered.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div><strong>About the Role</strong></div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>As Engagement & Evaluation Coordinator, you will play a key role within the University’s Public and Community Engagement with Research team.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>You will shape the University’s approach to capturing the impact of our public engagement and community with research (PCER) portfolio. In turn, you will enable us to tell the story of how PCER makes a difference to our researchers, our research and the public and communities affected by our research.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>You will work with the Head of Public and Community Engagement and colleagues within the team, and collaborate across the wider University, to enhance Oxford’s position as a world-leading research institution.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div><strong>About You</strong></div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>You will have practical experience of evaluating complex systems and discrete projects. You’ll combine clear communication and sound numeracy skills to draft reports and synthesise large amounts of information.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>You will be comfortable working independently in a complex environment, using your initiative and prioritising effectively to meet deadlines. You will also be organised and work well as part of a team, helping to contribute to its wider objectives.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div><strong>Application Process</strong></div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>You will be required to upload a covering letter/supporting statement, CV and the details of two referees as part of your online application.</div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>The closing date for applications is 12 noon on Monday 23 October. </div><br>
<div> </div><br>
<div>Interviews will take place in person on 31 October and 2 November.</div>
</div>
dc:spatial |
Research Services, Robert Hooke Building, Parks Road, Oxford
---|---|
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2023-10-23 12:00:00+01:00
vacancy:applicationOpeningDate |
2023-10-10 09:00:00+01:00
vacancy:internalApplicationsOnly |
False
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type | |
comment |
The University of Oxford is a stimulating work environment, which enjoys an international reputation as a world-class centre of excellence. Our research plays a key role in tackling many global challenges, from reducing our carbon emissions to developing vaccines during a pandemic. At the University of Oxford, we want our research to be accessible and relevant to everyone. Our Public and Community Engagement with Research (PCER) team is at the heart of this endeavour. We're shaping the University's PCER strategy, supporting engagement activities for researchers, and ensuring that our efforts are both impactful and rewarding. The PCER Team ... The University of Oxford is a stimulating work environment, which enjoys an
international reputation as a world-class centre of excellence. Our research plays a key role in tackling many global challenges, from reducing our carbon emissions to developing vaccines during a pandemic. At the University of Oxford, we want our research to be accessible and relevant to everyone. Our Public and Community Engagement with Research (PCER) team is at the heart of this endeavour. We're shaping the University's PCER strategy, supporting engagement activities for researchers, and ensuring that our efforts are both impactful and rewarding. The PCER Team is within ... |
label |
Engagement & Evaluation Coordinator
notation |
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South Sudan fighting sees more refugees fleeing into Uganda than in the first 6 months of 2016
South Sudan fighting sees more refugees fleeing into Uganda than in the first 6 months of 2016
UNHCR, 26 Jul 2016
URL: http://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing/2016/7/579724704/south-sudan-fighting-sees-refugees-fleeing-uganda-first-6-months-2016.html
Fighting in South Sudan that broke out on 8 July between rival factions loyal to Salva Kiir and Riek Machar has to date forced 37,491 people to flee the country to Uganda. To put this in context: In the past three weeks there have been more refugee arrivals in Uganda than in the entire first six months of 2016 (33,838).
Yesterday (25 July) an estimated 2,442 refugees were received in Uganda from South Sudan. 1,213 crossed at the Elugu Border Point in Amuru, 247 in Moyo, 57 in Lamwo, and 370 in Oraba. Another 555 were received in Kiryandongo Settlement. The majority of arrivals – more than 90 per cent are women and children. People are coming from South Sudan’s Eastern Equatoria region, as well as Juba and other areas of the country.
Inside South Sudan the intensity of the violence has subsided since early July, but the security situation remains volatile. The new arrivals in Uganda are reporting ongoing fighting as well as looting by armed militias, burning down of homes, and murders of civilians. Some of the women and children told us they were separated from their husbands or fathers by armed groups, who are reportedly forcibly recruiting men into their ranks and preventing them from crossing the border.
The situation is extremely worrying. Daily arrivals were averaging around 1,500 ten days ago but have risen to over 4,000 in the past week. Further surges in arrivals are a real possibility.
The influx is putting serious strain on the capacity of collection points, and transit and reception centres, which are too small for the growing number of arrivals. During the course of the weekend, humanitarian organisations worked to decongest the collection points, as well as installing temporary shelters to increase capacities. UNHCR has deployed additional staff, trucks and buses to assist.
At its peak, more than 11,000 refugees were staying in Elegu, northern Uganda, in a compound equipped to shelter only 1,000 people. Over the course of the weekend, the centre was significantly decongested, with just 300 people sleeping there last night. Many of the refugees have been moved to the Nyumanzi Transit Centre, where they are receiving hot meals, water, shelter and other life-saving assistance, while others have been taken to expanded reception centres in Pagirinya.
The management and expansion of reception facilities as well as the opening of a new settlement area remain key priorities. A new settlement area has been identified in Yumbe district that looks set to have the capacity to potentially host up to 100,000 people. Temporary communal shelters are also being constructed to accommodate the continuing arrivals.
The humanitarian response to the influx of South Sudanese refugees is sorely lacking due to severe underfunding. The inter-agency appeal is only funded at 17 per cent, which is constraining UNHCR and its partners to provide emergency and life-saving activities only and causing limitations to the full breadth of humanitarian assistance that can be offered.
South Sudan’s conflict, which erupted in December 2013, has produced one of the world’s worst displacement situations with immense suffering. Inside South Sudan, some 1.69 million people are displaced internally, while outside the country there are now 831,582 South Sudanese refugees, mainly in Ethiopia, Sudan, and Uganda.
Yesterday (25 July) an estimated 2,442 refugees were received in Uganda from South Sudan. 1,213 crossed at the Elugu Border Point in Amuru, 247 in Moyo, 57 in Lamwo, and 370 in Oraba. Another 555 were received in Kiryandongo Settlement. The majority of arrivals – more than 90 per cent are women and children. People are coming from South Sudan’s Eastern Equatoria region, as well as Juba and other areas of the country.
Inside South Sudan the intensity of the violence has subsided since early July, but the security situation remains volatile. The new arrivals in Uganda are reporting ongoing fighting as well as looting by armed militias, burning down of homes, and murders of civilians. Some of the women and children told us they were separated from their husbands or fathers by armed groups, who are reportedly forcibly recruiting men into their ranks and preventing them from crossing the border.
The situation is extremely worrying. Daily arrivals were averaging around 1,500 ten days ago but have risen to over 4,000 in the past week. Further surges in arrivals are a real possibility.
The influx is putting serious strain on the capacity of collection points, and transit and reception centres, which are too small for the growing number of arrivals. During the course of the weekend, humanitarian organisations worked to decongest the collection points, as well as installing temporary shelters to increase capacities. UNHCR has deployed additional staff, trucks and buses to assist.
At its peak, more than 11,000 refugees were staying in Elegu, northern Uganda, in a compound equipped to shelter only 1,000 people. Over the course of the weekend, the centre was significantly decongested, with just 300 people sleeping there last night. Many of the refugees have been moved to the Nyumanzi Transit Centre, where they are receiving hot meals, water, shelter and other life-saving assistance, while others have been taken to expanded reception centres in Pagirinya.
The management and expansion of reception facilities as well as the opening of a new settlement area remain key priorities. A new settlement area has been identified in Yumbe district that looks set to have the capacity to potentially host up to 100,000 people. Temporary communal shelters are also being constructed to accommodate the continuing arrivals.
The humanitarian response to the influx of South Sudanese refugees is sorely lacking due to severe underfunding. The inter-agency appeal is only funded at 17 per cent, which is constraining UNHCR and its partners to provide emergency and life-saving activities only and causing limitations to the full breadth of humanitarian assistance that can be offered.
South Sudan’s conflict, which erupted in December 2013, has produced one of the world’s worst displacement situations with immense suffering. Inside South Sudan, some 1.69 million people are displaced internally, while outside the country there are now 831,582 South Sudanese refugees, mainly in Ethiopia, Sudan, and Uganda.
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<urn:uuid:d5fcd473-ab6f-44e7-9460-478fb933159b>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://data.unhcr.org/en/news/9713
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2024-12-03T12:52:37Z
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| 0.998631 |
An op that enqueues TPUEmbedding input indices from a SparseTensor.
This Op eases the porting of code that uses embedding_lookup_sparse(), although some Python preprocessing of the SparseTensor arguments to embedding_lookup_sparse() is required to produce the arguments to this Op, since only a single EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch Op is allowed per training step.
The tensors at corresponding positions in the three input lists must have the same shape, i.e. rank 1 with dim_size() equal to the total number of lookups into the table described by the corresponding table_id.
Nested Classes
class | EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch.Options | Optional attributes for EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch
Public Methods
static EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch.Options |
combiners(List<String> combiners)
static <T extends Number, U extends Number, V extends Number> EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch | |
static EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch.Options |
deviceOrdinal(Long deviceOrdinal)
Inherited Methods
Public Methods
public static EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch.Options combiners (List<String> combiners)
Parameters
combiners | A list of string scalars, one for each embedding table that specify how to normalize the embedding activations after weighted summation. Supported combiners are 'mean', 'sum', or 'sqrtn'. It is invalid to have the sum of the weights be 0 for 'mean' or the sum of the squared weights be 0 for 'sqrtn'. If combiners isn't passed, the default is to use 'sum' for all tables. |
---|
public static EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch create (Scope scope, Iterable<Operand<T>> sampleIndices, Iterable<Operand<U>> embeddingIndices, Iterable<Operand<V>> aggregationWeights, Operand<String> modeOverride, Options... options)
Factory method to create a class wrapping a new EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch operation.
Parameters
scope | current scope |
---|---|
sampleIndices | A list of rank 1 Tensors specifying the training example and feature to which the corresponding embedding_indices and aggregation_weights values belong. sample_indices[i] must equal b * nf + f, where nf is the number of features from the corresponding table, f is in [0, nf), and b is in [0, batch size). |
embeddingIndices | A list of rank 1 Tensors, indices into the embedding tables. |
aggregationWeights | A list of rank 1 Tensors containing per sample -- i.e. per (training example, feature) -- aggregation weights. |
modeOverride | A string input that overrides the mode specified in the TPUEmbeddingConfiguration. Supported values are {'unspecified', 'inference', 'training', 'backward_pass_only'}. When set to 'unspecified', the mode set in TPUEmbeddingConfiguration is used, otherwise mode_override is used. |
options | carries optional attributes values |
Returns
- a new instance of EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch
public static EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch.Options deviceOrdinal (Long deviceOrdinal)
Parameters
deviceOrdinal | The TPU device to use. Should be >= 0 and less than the number of TPU cores in the task on which the node is placed. |
---|
|
<urn:uuid:2a65b99d-3db7-42ff-b443-4ed8bc5ef4b7>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r2.10/api_docs/java/org/tensorflow/op/core/EnqueueTPUEmbeddingSparseBatch?authuser=2
|
2024-12-03T12:01:41Z
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| 0.961499 |
Gives a guarantee to the TF runtime that the input tensor is a constant.
The runtime is then free to make optimizations based on this.
Only accepts value typed tensors as inputs and rejects resource variable handles as input.
Returns the input tensor without modification.
Public Methods
Output <T> |
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Returns the symbolic handle of a tensor.
static <T> GuaranteeConst <T> | |
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Public Methods
public Output <T> asOutput ()
Returns the symbolic handle of a tensor.
Inputs to TensorFlow operations are outputs of another TensorFlow operation. This method is used to obtain a symbolic handle that represents the computation of the input.
public static GuaranteeConst <T> create ( Scope scope, Operand <T> input)
Factory method to create a class wrapping a new GuaranteeConst operation.
Parameters
scope | current scope |
---|
Returns
- a new instance of GuaranteeConst
|
<urn:uuid:4e74a4f0-1c1d-4b66-b155-5c20e9c541b1>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.tensorflow.org/versions/r2.5/api_docs/java/org/tensorflow/op/core/GuaranteeConst
|
2024-12-03T12:49:09Z
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-51/segments/1733066137897.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20241203102227-20241203132227-00265.warc.gz
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| 0.990894 |
top of page
Introducing
A Course in Cosmic LIGHT Work
By Chellea Wilder
The Merging of Ancient Practices to Embody and Work with the Universal Life Force Energies
Available in
Paperback and Kindle Reader
bottom of page
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<urn:uuid:1c5f2b6b-884f-4bb3-bfe3-73401ddb5230>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.universallighthouse.com/post/a-storm-is-coming-~-the-andromeda-intergalactic-council
|
2024-12-03T11:31:57Z
|
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eng
| 0.97058 |
This post follows on from The Origins of Islamic Militancy. This time I change pace and copy a small section from pages 92 to 94 of Jason Burke’s book, The New Threat: The Past, Present, and Future of Islamic Militancy (2015). I have a lot of time for Burke’s books on this topic. He is one of the few to get out into the field, sometimes at risk to his own life, to talk with terrorists and their associates. Formatting and bolding are mine.
So why did militants turn to attack the West? One important reason is to be found in Saudi Arabia.
As a state, Saudi Arabia owed its foundation to the alliance of the battle-hardened latter-day followers of Mohammed ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who had preached an austere, puritanical interpretation of Islam in the Arabian peninsula since the late eighteenth century, and an ambitious, capable tribal leader called Abdulaziz ibn Saud.
In 1979 came three events that shook the Saudi monarchy:
- the seizure of the grand mosque in Mecca by a group of local extremists,
- the invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviets
- and the Iranian revolution.
Each involved a different enemy — violent local militants who branded their rulers apostates, atheist Communists and Shia Islamists — but each revealed a new and potentially deadly threat to the reign of the house of Saud.
One response of the kingdom’s rulers was to use a substantial amount of the vast wealth generated by their oil revenues to expand the proselytisation of the Wahhabi creed, one of the most rigorous, intolerant and conservative existing in Islam, throughout the Sunni Muslim world. This had been a policy for some time but now the effort was massively expanded in an updated though much more far-reaching version of the original strategy that had brought them to power sixty years before. The aim was to reinforce their own religious credentials at home while increasing their influence overseas, allowing them to reassert their claim to both religious and political leadership in the Islamic world.
Over the ensuing decades,
- tens of thousands of religious schools, mosques, Islamic universities and religious centres were built worldwide.
- Hundreds of thousands of scholarships to Saudi universities were offered and stipends paid to preachers.
- Tens of millions of copies of holy texts and, more importantly, deeply conservative interpretations of them, were published and distributed.
This strategic choice was to have a huge impact on the Muslim world, fundamentally altering faith, observance and religious identity for hundreds of millions of people. It also contributed, as intended, to a shift of cultural influence from Egypt, once the unchallenged intellectual centre of the Arab world, to Saudi Arabia, its religious centre.
Continue reading “So why did militants turn to attack the West? — The Saudi Arabia driver”
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<urn:uuid:bbabe06a-fc17-48f9-a180-130a69d95752>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://vridar.org/2015/12/08/
|
2024-12-04T14:47:13Z
|
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.998705 |
Actephila is a genus of the family Phyllanthaceae, first described as a genus in 1826. It is one of 8 genera in the tribe Poranthereae, and is most closely related to Leptopus. The name of the genus is derived from two Greek words, akte, "the seashore", and philos, "loving". It refers to a coastal habitat. Actephila consists of monoecious trees, shrubs, and subshrubs. The genus is not well understood and is in much need of revision. It is native to Southeast Asia, China, the Himalayas, Papuasia and northern Australia. moved to other genera: Cleidion Excoecaria Pentabrachion Phyllanthus
|
<urn:uuid:3e64a1f4-718a-4fce-abd0-d2e9f6210fb1>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
|
https://worldspecies.org/ntaxa/2070828
|
2024-12-04T16:13:03Z
|
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.995555 |
Driving energy management of front-and-rear-motor-drive electric vehicle based on hybrid radial basis function
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2775Keywords:
electric vehicle, drive, energy management, optimization, torque distribution, predictive model, hardware testAbstract
This paper presents mathematical methods to develop a high-efficiency and real-time driving energy management for a front-and-rear-motor-drive electric vehicle (FRMDEV), which is equipped with an induction motor (IM) and a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). First of all, in order to develop motor-loss models for energy optimization, database of with three factors, which are speed, torque and temperature, was created to characterize motor operation based on HALTON sequence method. The response surface model of motor loss, as the function of the motor-operation database, was developed with the use of Gauss radial basis function (RBF). The accuracy of the motor-loss model was verified according to statistical analysis. Then, in order to create a two-factor energy management strategy, the modification models of the torque required by driver (Td) and the torque distribution coefficient (β) were constructed based on the state of charge (SOC) of battery and the motor temperature, respectively. According to the motor-loss models, the fitness function for optimization was designed, where the influence of the non-work on system consumption was analyzed and calculated. The optimal β was confirmed with the use of the off-line particle swarm optimization (PSO). Moreover, to achieve both high accuracy and real-time performance under random vehicle operation, the predictive model of the optimal β was developed based on the hybrid RBF. The modeling and predictive accuracies of the predictive model were analyzed and verified. Finally, a hardware-in-loop (HIL) test platform was developed and the predictive model was tested. Test results show that, the developed predictive model of β based on hybrid RBF can achieve both real-time and economic performances, which is applicable to engineering application. More importantly, in comparison with the original torque distribution based on rule algorithm, the torque distribution based on hybrid RBF is able to reduce driving energy consumption by 9.51% under urban cycle.
References
BHATTI, A. R., SALAM, Z., 2018. A rule-based energy management scheme for uninter-rupted electric vehicles charging at constant price using photovoltaic-grid system Renewable Energy, 125, 384-400.
SUN, B., GAO, S., MA, C., 2016. Mathematical Methods Applied to Economy Optimization of an Electric Vehicle with Distributed Power Train System. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2016, 4949561.
SUN, B., ZHANG, T., GAO, S., GE, W., LI, B., 2018. Design of brake force distribution model for front-and-rear-motor-drive electric vehicle based on radial basis function. Archives of Transport, 48(4), 87-98
CHINA AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY RE-SEARCH CENTER, NISSAN (CHINA) IN-VESTMENT CO., LTD., DONGFENG MOTOR COMPANY, 2015. Report on development of new energy automotive industry. Beijing: Social Sciences Literature Press.
GUO, H., HE, H., XIAO, X., 2014. A Predictive Distribution Model for Cooperative Braking System of an Electric Vehicle. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2014, 1-11.
PENG, J., HE, H., XIONG, R., 2017. Rule based energy management strategy for a series–parallel plug-in hybrid electric bus optimized by dynamic programming. Applied Energy, 185(2), 1633-1643.
KUMAR, M. S., REVANKAR, S. T., 2017. Development scheme and key technology of an electric vehicle: An overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017, 1266-1285.
MERKISZ-GURANOWSKA, A., PIELECHA, J., 2014. Passenger cars and heavy duty vehicles exhaust emissions under real driving conditions. Archives of Transport, 31(3), 47-59.
SULAIMAN, N., HANNAN, M. A., MOHAMED, A., KER, P. J., MAJLAN, E. H., & DAUD, W. W., 2018. Optimization of energy management system for fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicles: issues and recommendations. Applied energy, 228, 2061-2079.
MUTOH, N., 2012. Driving and Braking Torque Distribution Methods for Front-and Rear-Wheel-Independent Drive-Type Electric Vehicles on Roads With Low Friction Coefficient. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 59(7), 3919-3933.
ADDERLY, S. A., MANUKIAN, D., SULLI-VAN, T. D., & SON, M., 2018. Electric vehicles and natural disaster policy implications. Energy Policy, 2018:437-448.
SUN, B., GAO, S., WANG P., ET AL., 2017. A Research on Torque Distribution Strategy for Dual-Motor Four-Wheel-Drive Electric Vehicle Based on Motor Loss Mechanism. Automotive engineering, 39(4), 386-393.
SUN, D., LAN, F.,, HE, X., 2016. Study on Adaptive Acceleration Slip Regulation for Dual-motor Four-wheel Drive Electric Vehicle. Automotive engineering, 38(5), 600-619.
SUN, B., GAO, S., WU Z., ET AL., 2017. Parameters Design and Economy Study of an Electric Vehicle with Powertrain Systems in Front and Rear Axle. International Journal of Engineering Transactions A: Basics, 29(4), 454-463.
CHEN, S. Y., WU, C. H., HUNG, Y. H., & CHUNG, C. T., 2018. Optimal strategies of energy management integrated with transmission control for a hybrid electric vehicle using dynamic particle swarm optimization. Energy, 160, 154-170.
SHI,Y., 2014. Research on energy management strategy of tandem hybrid hydraulic vehicle based on fuzzy logic, Master of Engineering, Jilin University, China.
XI, Z., 2013. Vehicle energy management: modeling, control and optimization. Beijing: China Machine Press.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Archives of Transport journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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<urn:uuid:dcdaa68b-acce-4219-a931-492d86f8f917>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.archivesoftransport.com/index.php/aot/article/view/572
|
2024-12-04T14:21:31Z
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s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-51/segments/1733066181697.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20241204141508-20241204171508-00165.warc.gz
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.817866 |
The University will welcome guests back to graduation ceremonies from April 2022 for the first time in two years. Due to the pandemic, graduation was at first run in absence only, but in-person Degree Congregations were re-introduced later in 2021, with social distancing in place and live streaming available because we wanted to offer those graduating an occasion to celebrate with their fellow students.
The University will welcome guests back to graduation ceremonies from April 2022 for the first time in two years. Due to the pandemic, graduation was at first run in absence only, but in-person Degree Congregations were re-introduced later in 2021, with social distancing in place and live streaming available because we wanted to offer those graduating an occasion to celebrate with their fellow students.
We are delighted to be looking forward to welcoming family and friends back to the Senate-House
Bridget Kendall
From 29 April, family and friends will be able to attend these historic occasions in person, although the live streaming service will continue.
Degree Congregations are ceremonial meetings of the University’s Governing Body, the Regent House, where degrees are conferred, either in person or in absence if the student is not present.
The Chair of the joint University and Colleges Working Group on Congregations, the Master of Peterhouse, Bridget Kendall, said:
“We are delighted to be looking forward to welcoming family and friends back to the Senate House at our Degree Congregations from the end of April. Graduations are normally a highlight across the academic year, but the last two years have made it challenging to hold them. Guests have been able to watch an adjusted form of ceremony online since June 2021 and have appreciated that opportunity. For that reason, the streaming service will continue, allowing those who can’t attend to participate in real-time and share in the tradition of the occasion.”
The text in this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Images, including our videos, are Copyright ©University of Cambridge and licensors/contributors as identified. All rights reserved. We make our image and video content available in a number of ways – as here, on our main website under its Terms and conditions, and on a range of channels including social media that permit your use and sharing of our content under their respective Terms.
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<urn:uuid:f18dcda6-514a-431b-b364-8ca9d46af589>
|
CC-MAIN-2024-51
|
https://www.cam.ac.uk/news/guests-to-return-to-graduation-ceremonies
|
2024-12-04T16:04:02Z
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.998038 |
We don't hear anywhere near enough in the media about the work of commercializing biotech and regenerative medicine, yet this part of the path from laboratory to therapy is just as vital as the initial science. This article from the Miami Herald gives a brief overview of the current state of play for stem cells in the business and venture capital worlds. The short of it would be that many, many people are interested, and see huge potential for investment and profit. Unfortunately, the current regulatory atmosphere presents equally large risks. The current US administration, and other governments overseas, have scared off investment in regenerative medicine. Thus, more time and lives are lost to the monster of politics.
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<urn:uuid:4c0a123b-1352-4b6a-901c-17b7b042c6eb>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
|
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2004/02/meanwhile-in-the-business-world/?nc
|
2024-12-04T15:36:23Z
|
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Latn
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eng
| 0.999541 |
The accumulation of senescent cells with age is one of the causes of degenerative aging, as senescent cells behave badly, emitting proteins that harm surrounding tissues. Finding a way to clearly identify senescent cells is a necessary step on the path to a targeted treatment that can destroy them, using engineered
While TRF2 is found at telomeres, where it plays an essential role in maintaining telomere integrity, little is known about the cellular localization of methylated TRF2. In this report, we have shown that methylated TRF2 is associated with the nuclear matrix and that this localization is largely free of human telomeres. We show that methylated TRF2 drastically alters its nuclear staining as normal human primary fibroblast cells approach and enter replicative senescence. This altered nuclear staining, which is found to be overwhelmingly associated with misshapen nuclei and abnormal nuclear matrix folds, can be suppressed by hTERT and it is barely detectable in transformed and cancer cell lines.We find that dysfunctional telomeres and DNA damage, both of which are potent inducers of cellular senescence, promote the altered nuclear staining of methylated TRF2, which is dependent upon the ATM-mediated DNA damage response. Collectively, these results suggest that the altered nuclear staining of methylated TRF2 may represent ATM-mediated nuclear structural alteration associated with cellular senescence. Our data further imply that methylated TRF2 can serve as a potential biomarker for cellular senescence.
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FP
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| 0.99228 |
district of Malaysia in Terengganu
Read more on Wikipedia.
Data last updated 2024-11-01.
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| 0.973631 |
municipality in the canton of Bern in Switzerland
Read more on Wikipedia.
Data last updated 2024-11-01.
No social media accounts found! Know some? Add them to Wikidata.
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National Olympic Committee of Uzbekistan
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Ру
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O'z
NOC of Uzbekistan
Committee
Olympic Glory Museum
Partners
Management and staff
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General Secretary
Vice-Chairmen
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Staff
Medical Center
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Doctors of the Federation
News
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Interview
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Execution of the state program
Social videos
Paris-2024
Licensees of the Paris-2024 Olympics
Winners of Paris-2024
Federations
Sports Federations of Uzbekistan
International Sports Federations
Asian Games
Olympic Games
Games History
Modern games
Summer Olympic Games
Winter Olympic Games
Youth Olympic Games
Asian Games
Game History
Asian Summer Games
Asian Winter Games
Asian Beach Games
Asian Martial Arts and Indoor Games
World Arena
International Olympic Committee
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Uzbekistan At The Olympics
RIO DE JANEIRO 2016
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On Wednesday, the Venezuelan National Assembly appointed the National Electoral Commission to elect the Justices of the Peace, who will be in charge of establishing a new form of justice from the communal bases.
The ceremony took place in the Legislative Palace, where President Nicolás Maduro, the president of the national assembly Jorge Rodríguez and other authorities were present.
The commission will be made up of the Minister of Communes and Social Movements, Ángel Prado; the Minister of Education, Héctor Rodríguez, the magistrate Tania D’ Amelio; the head of the Government of Caracas, Nahum Fernández; the vice president of the National Electoral Council (CNE), Carlos Quintero, the first vice president of the national assembly, Pedro Infante and the president of the national assembly, Jorge Rodríguez.
On December 15th, elections will be held with direct and secret voting to elect the Justices of the Peace of the 5,000 communal circuits.
“This election is a fundamental step to consolidate peace and justice in our communities,” said the president of the national assembly.
Rodríguez indicated that the next step will be to activate the state electoral commissions, one for each of the 23 states.
To achieve this, they demarcated 5,000 communal circuits that correspond to 3,643 communes and communal councils.
He also specified that they will elect three justices of the peace with their corresponding substitutes in each communal circuit.
The local electoral commissions will be in charge of disseminating the requirements and regulations to be justices of the peace.
Later, between November 25th and 27th, the nomination of candidates will take place, chosen by the communal councils, the work-teams of the communes, social organizations, social movements and neighborhood associations.
On November 29th, they will publish the list of candidates for judges for each circuit, which will include a total of 5,000 lists of candidates.
Finally, the electoral campaign will begin on December 5th and will end on December 13th, followed by the election on December 15th.
Jorge Rodríguez reported that the National Electoral Council will provide all the technical support for the deployment and development of the process. Meanwhile, the military will collaborate in matters of security.
(RedRadioVE) by Ana Perdigón with Orinoco Tribune content
Translation: Orinoco Tribune
OT/BR/DZ
- November 28, 2024
- November 28, 2024
- November 28, 2024
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Submissions
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V"'. I EIGHT PAGES 56 COLUMNS. SCRAXTON, PA., TUESDAY HORNING, JANUARY 1, 1895. TWO CENTS A COPY. THE SLATES ARECOMPLETED Fred W. Fleitz Unsuccessful In His Candidacy for Reading Clerk. SETBACK TOR J. A. SCRAXTOX One of the Rumors of the Hay Credited Him With Gubernatorial Aspirations Four Years Hence Sam Hudson Gets an Empty Honor. Bpeclal Correspondence of The Tribune. Ilarrlsburg, Dec. 31. This has been a day of caucuses with the members of the legislature. Both partlos haw held their conferences, but, of course, those of the Republicans were the most Im portant. The Senate Republican slate committee was in session until mid night before agreeing on a list of offi cers for the senate. The members were confronted with .the difficulty of trying to fill about thirty places for which there were live times as many appli cants. It took considerable figuring to parcel out these places satisfactorily to the forty-three Republican members, yet the committee feels It has accom plished this. Edward W. Smiley, of Venango, was selected for chief clerk; James B. Carson, of Butler, reading clerk; Joseph Young, of Philadelphia, Journal clerk; II. R. Thorpe, of Mercer, executive clerk; W. J. Robinson, of Erie, message clerk; Herman P. Miller, of Dauphin, senate librarian; Rev. P. C. Hardens, of Harrlsburg, chaplain; Jo seph Wooley, of Philadelphia, clerk to Judiciary general committee; James r. JIarrah, of Beaver, sergeant-at-arms; James Rellly, of Philadelphia, superin tendent of folding room; Edward Adams, of Philadelphia, engineer; E. M. Mackln, of Philadelphia, ilreman; R. W. Greenman, of Philadelphia, assist ant sergeant-at-arms; Wlllam McAn any, of Philadelphia, watchman. The house Republican caucus was presided over by Jerome B. Niles, of Tioga. Harry Walton, of Philadelphia, was chosen speaker by acclamation. A committee of thirty, one member from each congressional district, and two a: large, was appointed to select a list of officers of the house. John R. Farr rep resented the Eleventh district on this committee. The committee has thus far been able to agree upon A. D. Fet terolf, of Montgomery, for chief clerk; Jere B. Rex, of Huntingdon, resident clerk; and E. J. Randolph, of Pittsburg, Journal clerk. The fight of the night was over the reading clerkship, for which there were four candidates, Ed ward Taylor, of Delaware; Fred W. Fleitz, of Lackawanna; Lucius Rogers, of McKean; and R. Nichols, of Craw ford. The battle waxed warm und furi ous and was undecided at midnight. Later Representatives O'Malley and Farr succeeded in landing James Watklns for reading clerk after an ex citing contest. Fred W. Fleitz was backed by the other members of the delegation for this place, but the popu lar young members threw their support to Watklns, and with the assistance of Lieutenant Governor. Watres they have fceen assured by the slate committee of his selection. Forest R. Nichols, of Crawford, has been selected for mes sage clerk, with John T. Shoener, of Schuylkill, for sergeant-at-arms. Democrats in Caucus. At a caucus tonight of the twenty nine Democrats In the house John II. Fow, of Philadelphia, was chosen perm anent chairman and Fritz, of Columbia, made the nominee for speaker. Other candidates were named as follows: Chief clerk, Samuel E. Hudson, of Rcranton; resident clerk, George M. Wangaugh, of Dauphin; reading clerk, Albert Williams, of York; Journal clerk, H. W. Bowers, of Berks; message clerk. It. M. Jacoby, of Monroe; postmaster, H. J. Fostnot, of Mllilln, and doorkeep er, William Kreidler, of Monroe. The Democrats in the senate have selected Laubach, of Northampton, for presi dent pro tern and Green of Berks for permanent chairman. The Democrats nominated Colonel Jacob S. Dillinger, of Allentown, for Journal clerk, pf Elk county, message clerk; and John Hill, of Lehigh, postmaster. Scranton's Alleged Gubernatorial Bee. The legislature will probaibly adjourn after its organization until one week from Wednesday. This will enable Speaker Walton to complete his com mittee assignments and arrange other preliminaries. Governor Paulson's message will be sent to 'the legislature tomorrow. It is a long document end is said to contain some surprises. The retiring governor will take advant age of tils opportunity to send In a valedictory full of partisan "ginger." One of today's bits of current politi cal gossip was a story to the effect that Congressman J. A. Scranton's presence In this city yesterday and today was In deference to a gubernatorial bee whWh It was said had begun to buzz in hlstiead and which looks ahead to 1898. Inasmuch us 'there has been no open au thority for such a story, and since lead ing Lackawanna Republicans deny having been consulted with reference to Ihiait kin4 of a programme, this story Is probnibly a canard, sprung by oftlco ' eeekers. It -was, .however, given a color of consistency by Mr. Scnanton's activ ity In supporting Fred W. . Fleltz's candidacy foi , house clerkship. It Is remarked her that had Fleitz won a place In the bouse organization, ha would have bee (n a good position to look aflter Scnanton's interests. If Fleitz's camdidac) fwvd any such ul terlor significance,, his defeat would eeem to Indicate tht the state organl gallon Is not warming to the Lackawan na congressman. New Faces In tin senate. The new faces In tha sena-te, which will aitrtrtaat special attention because of ' the prominence of the Hissing ones, Whose place rthey fill, indole those ot James C. Vaughan, of Lackawanna, . who replaces M. E. MoDOqald; the Bucks county Republican,. Renry G. Moyer, wiho succeeds the late Georgi , Rosi, leader of the Democratic Vide of the chamber In former sesslont; the Montgomery county Republican, ftonry v. aylor, who succeeds Dr. Arthur D. Markley; Harvey W. Haines, a York Democrat, Who will occupy the seat f "the veteran grangeir, Gerard C. Brown; Alfred W. Millelsen, the Meohanlcsbur.i Republican, who displaces the Jackson Ian Democrat, William Penn Lloyd, anl M. L. McQuown, a Clearflpld county Republican, who takes the desk of P. Gray Meek, now surveyor bf the port of Philadelphia. Another senator, who, like Mr. Saylor, of Montgomery, was sleeted upon e. platform of opposition to the re-election of Don Oajneron to the United S dates senate, is Chris C. Kaiuffman, of the Lancaster district, heretofore represented by Winfleld S. Smith. No voice was oftener heard in the senate than that of 'the Lehigh peda gogue and lawyer, Milton C. Hennlnger, wtho Is succeeded "by Harry G. Stiles, of Allentown. Grant Herring's mantle falls upon J. Henry Cochran, of Will lamsport. Ex-9tate Chairman William H. Andrews displaces the Crawford county Democ;'at!ic senator, S. J. Logan. John J. Coyle, a Republican representa tive In the last session Is the successor of Democratic Senator Monaghan, of Schuylkill. The ratio of thirty-three Republicans to seventeen Democrats Is changed to forty-three Republicans and even Democrats, In the senate. The familiar figures who agaln appear In clude all the old Philadelphlans, aind, among oUhers, Jesse M. Baker, of Dela ware; Henry D. Green, Berks; John II. Landls, Lancaster; S. J. McOarrell, Dauphin; General Gobdn, Lebanon; W. H. Hackenburg, the Northumberland champion. of an excise commission; L. R. Keefer, Schuylkill; ex-Auditor Gen eral Lemon, Blair; Messrs. Fllnn anl Upperman, Allegheny; and James S. Fruit, Mercer. Old Timers In the House. Of three conspicuous old-timers, John Cessna, B. L. Hewit and George V. Lawrence, all ex-speakers, who were leaders in the last house the first two are dead, but Mr. Lawrence will be back to introduce and battle for a con gressional apportionment bill giving to Philadelphia and Allegheny counties each an additional congressman. The best known of the other missing states men or the house, as enumerated bv a sprightly "old timer" In the press gal lery, will Include Captain Ziegler, of Adams; Emmanuel Werthelmer, of Allegheny, whose efforts at liquor legis lation always made a stir; Samuel M. LafTerty, of Allegheny, who had a hard road to travel as chairman of the com mittee that hnndled the Penrose bill to abolish the Public Building commis sion; Captain John W. Nesblt, the tow ering hickory of the Youghloghenv; uavia h. uranson, the Chester county expert on blue blood sheep; School master Edward Towksbury. the cham pion of antl-dlscrimlnatlon, anti-free passes and enforcement of all the dead letter provisions of the constitution; Samuel M. Wherry, the constitutional expounder and leuder of the Demo cratic side of the house, whose county, Cumberland, puts Republicans In both Its seats; and George E. Heyburn, of Delaware, learned In agriculture, but unsophisticated In the devious ways of the Hill." Big, eloquent Captain Sklnner.of Ful ton, is succeeded by a' Republican. The humorous Henry Butterfield, of Erie, and the Yankee make-up and address of J. Russell Thornton, of Payette, will be missed, as will also the stalwart labor exponent, M. T. Burke, of Lucku wanna; the Public Buildings ctminiia Bloners' catechlzer, M. N. Bernhard, of Lehigh; the sprightly young leader and convincing talker. Walter E. Rltter, of Lycoming; McKean county's former candidate for speaker, W. E. Burdlck; i-armer- Taggart, of Montgomery, who Is dead; S. A. Losch, of Schuylkill who was never uninteresting; C. C Thompson, of Warren, speaker of the last house, and H. M. Bortnpr, thu pas toral bard of York. i ; Other Interesting Notables. With the majority of the most widely Known of the Philadelphlans will re turn to the house appropriation conv mlttee Chairman Marshall, of Alle gheny; John Kearns, who Is just as lonely a Democrat from Allegheny as John H. Fow will be from Philadelphia; the red-headed hopeful Armstrong strategist, S. B. Cochrane; the Brad ford county Bon of Plymouth Rock, F. L. Kinner; Prohibitionist D. B. Dou thett, of Butler; Chester county's cham pion manipulator of sliding boards for Democrats with contested seats, D. Smith Talbot; George Kunkel, Dau phin's timber for the speakership; the mild-mannered editor, Ward R. Bliss, of Delaware; the Huntingdon "man who looks like Quay," P. M. Lytle; the gigantic local optlonlst, Noah Seanor, of Indiana; the persistent advocate of compulsory education, John R. Farr, of Lackawanna; the suave antl-Pen-rose-blll pleader, H. L. North,, of Mc Kean; the champion absentee of the last sesBlon, F. A. Comly, of Montgom ery, and his colleague, the Beau Brum mel of the house. Editor B. Wltman Dambly; the shrill-voiced objector and protester, John A. Klpp, of Pike, the leader of the ruqal tax agitators, Jerome B. Ntles, of Tioga; the flowery Union editor, B. K. Focht, and the oil region's mouthpiece, H. H. James, of Venango. AH the Philadelphia papers today contained notices of the tight against Fleitz. The Press had the most accu rate account. It said the Lackawanna delegation was evenly divided over the reading clerkship, part of It being for Fleitz and part for James E. Watklns, whom Representative Parr urged. Mr. Watklns had originally been a candi date for a clerkship In the state depart ment. Both General Reeder and Lleu-tenant-Governor-lect Lyon opposed Fleitz, because of his tactics In the Roblnson-Lyon fight of last spring. Compulsory Education Again. It Is as good as settled that John R. Farr will have his old chairmanship of the committee on education. Mr. Farr will again Introduce the compulsory education bill that Pattlson vetoed, and It will be unchanged in any Import ant detail. Many other Important bills relative to the public school system will be presented to the legislature for Its consideration. A bill to prevent teach ers frcrtn appearing in the schools sup ported' by the state In their religious garb has been pwpared by Representa tive Talbot, of Chester, at the instance of the Junior Order of American Me chanics and other patriotic orders, and will be offered by Mr. Talbot. Bills will also be introduced for the establish ment of township high schools, provid ing for a census by the assessors of children of school age to ascertain how many are without the benefits of educa tion and amending the law governing the annual examinations at the state normal schools so as to Increase the number of superintendents of schools to conduct the examinations from two to six and providing that the superin tendent may be taken from any locality In the state. The last three named measures have been prepared by Su perintendent of Public Instruction Schaeffer and he will put forth every effort to secure their passage. , Mr. Farr will not have the compul sory education field all to himself. Representative Seyfert, of Lancaster, who takes great Interest in school mat tors, has prepared a bill to promote public school attendance and to re strain truancy. While the 'bill does not contain the words "compulsory" and "arrest," the first section of it requires parents and guardians of children be tween the ages of 8 and 15 years to send them to a public or private school for at least sixteen consecutive weeks In each year, provided they are not be ing Instructed for a like period In the common English branches or their mental or physical condition renders attendance Inexpedient or impractica ble, or they live more than two miles from any school by the nearest trav eled road. Absences not exceeding five days during the prescribed term are permitted, but the loss of time is re quired to be made up. A violation of this section shall be a misdemeanor, punishable for the first offense by a fine not exceeding $5 and for each subse quent offense by a fine not exceeding $25, or by imprisonment not exceeding thirty days, or by both, at the discre tion of the court. The second section requires school directors or controllers to provide sufficient accommodations In their districts for all the children of school age and to appoint necessary truant officers to apprehend all child ren of the proper age who habitually frequent or loiter about public or other places and have thorn sent to school. These officers shall receive such com pensation as the directors or controllers shall provide, the money to be paid out of the school fund of the proper dis trict. A AVW U1I1CI9 rruviuvu rui. i Section three makes provision lor schools for the accommodation of ha bitual truants in separate rooms in public school buildings. In these schools all the common English branches and Industrial training shall be taught. Section lour provides for the payment of fines for violation of the act Into the proper school treasuries. Section five authorizes the superintend ent of public Instruction to appoint a competent person, at a salary of 51,800 a year, whose duty It shall be to as certain to what extent the law is com plied with In the cities and school dis tricts of the state. The superintendent of public instruction is authorized to withhold one-half of all public school moneys from any city or district which, in 'his judgment, wilfully omits and re fuses to enforce the provisions of the act, to be paid over to It when he Is convinced that it is complying with them. The act Is to go Into effect July 1, IS'JS. DUEL WITH REVOLVERS. Desperate Fight Between Dr. liicgcl and Hlllhtm Bibler. By the United Press. Easton, Pa., Dec. 31. Yesterday morning the quiet little town of Bloomsbury, N. J., nine miles from Easton, wus startled by the report that a duel had been fought between Dr. L, E. Rlegel, of that place, and William Bibler, of Philadelphia. Dr. Rlegelsaldhemade a professional call at the home of Albei t Beers, who lives near him. AVhlle there-he met Bibler, who, the doctor alleges, stole his wife's affections and broke up his household. Rlegel and Bibler began to quarrel in Mr. Beers' house and wore ordered to leave. According to the doctor's story Biblor opened lire on him with a re vllver. The doctor received a bullet through his coat collar, which plowed up the back of his head. He emptied his seven shooter at Bibler, who wns struck by one of his bullets over the heart. The bullet did not enter his body on account of a picture and a pocket book which he carried in his vest pocket. Bibler is employed as n. plumber at Philadelphia and is a cousin of the wife of Dr. Riegel. CUT HER HEAD OFF. Mc.Mullcn Kills His Wifo and Then Com mits Suicide. By the United Press. Pittsburg, Pa., Dec. 31. After quar relling together for hours William Mc Mullen, a laborer, early this morning attacked his wife with a hatchet and almost cut her head off and then cut his throat, dying in a few minutes. Mrs. McMullen survived her husband but a short time. Insurance Companies Insolvent. By the United Press. LancuBter, Pa., Dec. 81. At the sugges tion of Attorney General Honsel, Judge Livingstone today Issued a decree dissolv ing the charters of the Lancaster County Mutual Live Stock company anil the Pennsylvania Mutual fire Insurance com pany, both companies being Insolvent. Killed in a Ktinuway. By the United Press. Carlisle, Pa., Dec. 31. While returning from church lust niaht the horse at tached to a Blelgh In which were seated Thomas Anderson and wife, ran away. Mrs. Anderson was Instantly killed by be ing thrown from the sleigh, her neck be ing broken. Better Faro For Uobos. . By the United Press. Carlisle, Pa., Dec. 31. The sheriff's al lowance for boarding tramps at the jail has been ordered by Judge Sadler to be Increased from four to nine cents per day. The order covers the past three years. Balance in Treasury, By the United Press. Washington, Doc. 31. The general treas ury balance at the close of the calendar year 1894 Is stated at jlw,Ui,sa:i.ll, ot which 8(i,370,14G Is In gold. STATE NEWS PARAGRAPHS. The Ornithological society of weBtorn Pennsylvania wants to found a museum In Pittsburg. Plans for a 180,000 department of publlo safety building for Pittsburg have been almost completed. Steps are being taken to Becure the erec tion of armories for all National guard organisations located In Pittsburg. The state gets J1.300 from the estate of John Becker, ot Reading, who died a your ago without heirs or known kindred. San Francisco letter carriers wi'l be reprimanded for Issuing a New Year's ad' dress. ' Falling to Inflict a mortal wound with a shotgun, Bernard Flood, a farmer of near Oil City, gashed his arm with a butcher knife and may die from loss of blood. Frank Wlngerfelt, Joseph Wlngerfolt, Harry Miller and Joseph Anderson, rang ing In age from 12 to 14 years, were placed under $300 ball each In Pottsvllle on the charge of picking a farmer's pocket of lie. iwLfke m&l T is THE DELEVftNft FIRE TRAP Fourteen Persons Said to Have Per ished in the Plumes. VICTIMS NEARLY ALL WOMEN Vpon Being Warned of Their Danger Tbcy Became Panic Stricken and Could Not Bo Directed to the Exits-List of the Missing. By the United Press. Albany, N. Y., Dec. 31. The Delcvan House fire was the absorbing topic of conversation about the city today. Interest In It was Increased when it was learned that a number of the house employes, nearly all of them women, had been bulged to death. They had rooms on the fifth story of the building and their deaths could not have been the result of anything but fright. One of the porters who went up to warn them said today that It was Impossible to lead them to a safe exit. They sim ply went wild when they learned of the fire. The proprietors of the hotel esti mated that about fourteen people were missing. It was thought that the night clerk, Charles Rosekrans, had perished but he turned up this afternoon all right. Karly this morning Mrs. Henry II. Fooks; who jumped from the fourth story window, died at the Albany hos pltal. The others injured, who were taken to the hosplt.il, will nvover. They are: henry H. Fooks, Benjamin Hell man, Mrs. Benjamin lleilman, Edward Walsh, porter; James Hennessy, flre- mun; D. F. Brockway, E. W. Arnold. The list of the dead who perished in the flumes includes: Mrs. F. H. Hill, housekeeper: May Sullivan, chamber maid; Mrs. Ray Young, of Jamestown, linen woman; Agnes AVII.son, of Atwood, Cunada, linen woman; Bridget Fltzglb bons, puntry girl; Kate Crowley, cham ber maid; Fernando BellettI, cook; Rl cardo Telesfem, cook; Megetta Staur- ena, chnmber maid; Kmllgia Tomngln, chamber muid; Simon Meyers, employe; Thomas Cannon, employe; Annie Daly, chamber maid; Ellen Dillon, chamber maid. Missing: Mary Carey, chambermaid. So far as could be learned from the hotel authorities the above list includes those who were unsuccessful in their efforts to escape. Search For Bodies to Be Made. Streams were kept playing on the ruins all day. No attempt will be made until tomorrow to search for the bodies. The thick fire wall which divided the main building from the additions was all that kept the llames from sweeping the entire block. The guests and em ployes did not have time to save any thing, not even wearing apparel. The loss on the building Is estimated at $150,000; Insurance $160,000; and on the furniture, loss $65,000, Insurance $50,000. The rentals were Insured for $26,000. A commercial traveller who had a trunk full of Jewelry In his room, which he said was valued at $50,000, offered a reward of half the contents to any one who would get his belongings. Three men entered the building and succeeded In getting the trunk out and they were handsomely rewarded. TO LEAVE HOMESTEAD. Many Dissatisfied Steel Workers Will En- gnce In Farming. By the United Press. Pittsburg, Pa., Dec. 31. The Carnegie mills at Braddock, Homestead, Law rencevllle, Duquesne, and Beaver Falls will resume work Wednesdny morning. The new rates were generally accepted by the employes and 12,000 men will re turn Ho work Wednesday at the differ ent mills. The average reduction in wages amounts to probably IS or 20 per cent, from last year's scale. Muny of the Homestead Bteel workers who are dissatisfied with the cut made by the new scale will remove to Ashta bula county, Ohio. They will exchange their Homestead property for farms there. This has been done by about twenty Homestead families in the past two months. WITNESSES WANTED. Authorities Looking For Evidence In the Case Aguinst Boudcnot. By the United Press. Doylestown, Pa., Dec. 31. Sheriff Nicholas reached here tonight from Trenton, N. J., having In custody John Boudenot, the Hungarian boarding house keeper who Is charged with the murder of Frank Condo, at Morrlsvllle. The authorities are looking fur sev eral Italians who ore now In the an thracite coal fields of Pennsylvania and who are'suld to have been witnesses of the crime. HOMESTEAD MURDERERS. An Kf fort Is Being Made to Secure Pardon V of Three Convicts. By ths United Press. Pittsburg, Dec, 31. Andrew - Toth, George Rusnak and Michael Sabal, serving life intonces In the western penitentiary, convicted of complicity In the murder of Michael Qulnn during, MrJ& Business ft a strike riot at the Carnegie Steel works, Braddock, January 1, 1891, may be set at liberty. Recently, It Is reported, two Hungar ians near Scranton quarrelled. Charges and counter charges were made, result ing In the nrrest ot both. One charged the other with the HomPBtead murder. The officials, it is claimed, are satisfied that the sUry is a true one. Attorneys who defended the three imprisoned men are investigating the case, and believe that evidence sufficient has already ac cumulated to set free the men now In the penitentiary. From the evidence It Is known, how ever, that the three convicts were in the crowd that assaulted Engineer Qulnn, and it In believed that the new revela tion will hardly secure their pardon, MIXOOKi CITIZENS MEET. They Obtain DatuTliut Will Bo Presented to Select Council-It Touches on the Matter of Annexation. Last night a meeting of the executive committee of the citizens of Mlnooka was held at Martin MoDonough's store, and besides the committee a large number of prominent citizens attended. The object was to hear a report from the committee regarding the progress made toward annexing the district to the city. Civil Engineer Edward F. Hlewltt was present. It was I14 who prepared 'the map that" was Bent to councils showing the territory to be annexed. He suid that In the district that it is proposed to annex there are seventy eight blocks, and each block consists of f n m twelve to twen ty-fotir building lots. No lot has a narrower frontage than forty feet and many of thorn nre seventy-five feet wldo. Thre Is a uniformity of depth to alrfiost all of the lots; they are 150 feet deep. Altogether there ure 1,000 building lots In the district that can be assessed for taxes. These facts were Jotted down by the committee to present fo members of select council in order to prove that Mlnooka will not be a 'burden on the city if admitted. The committee was continued and instructed to lay the matter In a business-like way before the members of select council. LAUGHED AT HIS SENTENCE. .Murderer Garrett Takes 'tlio News of Ills Doom Very Coolly. By the United Press. Lebunon, Pa., Dec. 31. Judge Melly today overruled the motions, made by murderer Garrett's counsel In arrest of Judgment and for a new trial. At 10.30 this morning he sentenced Garrett to be hanged for the.murder of his wife. His voice trembled as he pronounced sent ence. Garrett took It coolly and laughed with his attorney after heanlng It. Be fore It was pronounced when asked If ho had anything to say the murderer said: "I have no more to say than that I have not had a fair trial. There are many more In this 'town worse than I." CAPTAIN HOWGATE'S PLEA. The Ex-Govcrnmcnt Official Says Not Guilty. By tho United Press. Washington, Dec. 31. Judge Mc Comas today over-ruled the demurrers filed by the attorneys of Captain How gate to three indictments returned by the grand Jury. Captain Howgato wns then arraigned and pleaded not guilty, but appended a further plea that the indictment was not found within three years after the alleged offence - therein, charged wns committed. The question as to whether the Indict ments were barred by the statue of lim itations was thereupon argued. SENATOR FAIR'S WILL. Tho Document Is I'nsatlsfactory to Ills Children. By the United Press. San Francisco, Dec. 31. Much specu latlon is rife over the will of the lute ex-Senator Fair. It was learned this evening through reliable sources that at least one of the children will contest the will and this contest will be sane tloned by the other two. The will la wholly unsatisfactory to the son and daughtera and will be vlg orously assaulted. BRECKINRIDGE'S CASE. Court Decides That Ho Must Pay for Do positions Taken. By the United Press. Cincinnati, O., Dec. 31. W. C. P. Breckinridge, who sued Gustavus A. Meyer to recover the receipts levied upon at his lecture Thursday night, lost his case today. The court sustained Meyer's cladm for services In taking depositions in the Pollard case a year ago. lllg Fire at Lock Haven. By the United PreBS. Lock Haven, Pa., Dec. 31. The picture frame mnmifuctory of Brown Bros., to gether with 'hrco dwellings, a barn and a number of outbulldlngB were destroyed by fire here early this morning. The loss is $16,000, Insurance, $7,000. h Lord Churchill Gains Strength, ky the United Press. London, Dec. SI. Lord Randolph Churchill was reported t midnight us gaining strength ' . , - (i A Coaon V.O U N C I U v V V 1 4 J&W I Stories of the Slaughter of Chinese Arc Confirmed. JAPANESE EKE ONLY HUMAN When They Learned That Their Country men Had Been Koastcd Alive the Sol diers Followed the Example of the English in India. By the United Press. Washington, Dec. 31. Little addition al Information concerning the reported massacre at Bort Arthur ''after the Japanese troops entered that strong' hold, lis contained In the unofficial mall from Tokio, delivered at the Japanese legation here todiiy.' One account of the battle says that in an engagement at Suchlatun, just before Port Artthur fell: "The Chinese behaved with their usual brutality, beheading the bodies of the Japanese, cutting off their hands, ripping open their stomachs and tear Ing out their livers. The mutilated bodies presented a revolting spectacle. The fury of the Japanese troops at the sight was deep, and both officers and men swore to take vengeance for their unhappy comrades." A telegram from Shanghai, published lu a Japanese newspaper, says that the Japanese itu avenge the Inhuman treat ment extended by the Chinese to their prlh-om-rs, gave no quarter to the troops that marched from Fu Chow to recap ture Chin Chow, butcut down the great er part of ithem. Four hundred Chin ese encountered and virtually annlhllat ed at Ma-Kwo-Llng are said to have been fugitives from Port Arthur. The fugitives encountered a battalion of Japanese In a narrow pass. The Chin ese fancied that their only chance of escape lay In fighting, and the result was heavy slaughter. The Stories Credited. The Japan Mall, an English newspa per published In Yokohama credits the stories of massacre in this paragraph "From Shanghai telegrams are belli circulated broadcast to the effect that the Japanese troops exhibited a merci less disposition nt Port Arthur, and that the killing of Chinese took place on an unnecessary scale. We think it very probable. Soldiers are human beings after all. When they learn that two of their countrymen have had their bones crushed and been roasted alive by the Chinese; when 'they see the awful mutl lated remains of their comrades killed or wounded In battle, small wonder If they set their teeth when next they meet the foe and kill as long us muscle and thew hold out. We know what our own troops did In India. "The Japanese, Indeed, ore so keenly watched and criticised that they must be denied, as far as possible, the luxury of revenge, but Mulvaney's story of the men that had seen their dead, applies to Japanese as well as to the British soldiers. Which of uh could hold his hand under the circumstances." KILLED THE BABY. Sad Illustration of the Folly of Teasing Children. By tho United Press. York, Pa., Dec. 31. The 3-year-old son of ,John Glutfelter, of Snyderstown killed Oils 2-months-old brother yester day. A neighbor's girl was iteaslng the boy about taking the baby home wltih her when the boy became angered and threw a pair of scissors at her. They struck- the balby lu the head, killing It Instantly. Victims of Diphtheria, By the United Press. Reading, Pa., Dec. 31. Paul, aged 5, Churles M., uged 12, Lat, aged 10, Liz lie, nged 2, children of Jacob K. Levun of Oley, this county, died within the past twenty-four hours or diphtheria. Ada, aged tf, wus buried on Saturday. Two oth era are seriously 111 and their death Is expected. TELEGRAPHIC FLASHES On charges of swindling St. Louts hotels, Dr. Martin Brandt, an ex-convlut of Pennsylvania, was arrested. Notice at Tiffin, O., that the natural gas would be turned off sent wood up from $1.25 to $8 ai cord In one day. MUslng-ex-Congressman W. H. Butler, of lown, who was thought dead, was found at work In Indianapolis. Jumping Into his Ice-box which he had connected with a gus jut, Paul Hchatt on Omaha saloon man, ended his life. After six months' secrecy, tho marriage of Mnriu Uurress, the actress, and Uuy W, Currier, of North Andover, Mass., Is made public. By mistaking the name, cltlseni of Cal lender, lu., elected Mrs. 1m VI. Castle, Jus tlce of the pence, Instead of nor husband, and she took the place. Trying to join his wife after two years. hiding, C. V. Klx, a Chicago embescler, has been arrested In Humburg, Germany, The closing up of the lottery concern of E. 'Fox & Co., Kansas City, Mo., ends the unlawful business In that state. WEATHER REPORT. For eastern Pennsylvania, fair; varuv bis winds. FiNLEY'S SPECIAL SALE OF MUSLIN To make room for Spring Stock. We are now selling a lot of slightly soiled goods at prices to close them out quickly. SET COVERS. -ALSO- iiinwiiynsjii:. A special job lot of Children's GOWNS Fine White Aprons at . about half price. FINLEY'S 610 aod 512 Lackawanna Ave. H. A. KINGSBURY AGENT FOR THE VERY BEST. 313 SPRUCE ST., SCRANTON, PA. A HAPPY NEW YEAR TO THS PEACEFUL. HONEST PEOPLE OF THE WORLD! Io wis, Rellly & Davles wish the peace ful, honest people of the world a liuupy, New Year. We ure huppy because we llvo In one of the mom M'osrieroun cities). In onn of tho Ix'Ht counties. In one of the largest states and the greatest country that man I privileged to live in. Among tne cities, towns, etc., that we wish to remember lot n iiarticiilitr wuy are the following; Wlkes-Hurre, 4reut llend, Kingston, C'onklln. Bennett, New Mllford. Forty Kort, Alford, Wyoming, Klngsley's. j J'nrsons. Foster, Miners Mills, Nicholson, -. , Mill Creek, FactoryvIlM Ltitllll, La Plume, YateiivlUe, Imlton, Plttston, Olenburn, Duryeu, Clink's Summit. Lackawanna, . Chinchilla, Taylor, v Muytleld, Avoch, Nay Aug, Jlooslc, lninmore, Mlnooka, Wlmmers. . Hancock, Miiplewood. Starlight, Luke Ariel, - Treston Park, Georgetown, Lake Oomo, Hawley, Poyntelle, Honesdule, Helmont, AVaymurt, . Pleustiiit Mount, Klmhurst, ' ; Uniondule, Moscow, Forest City, Couldshoro, Cnrbondiilo, . Tobyhannu. While Krldge, : Mount Pocono, Jermyn, Pocono Summit, Archbuld, Cresco, Wlnton. Henryvllle, lVckvtlle, Spiaguevllle, Olvphunt, Portland, Plckson City, Stiottdsburg, Throop. Water Gap, HlnKhnmton, Delaware, Sciunton, Muntiiika Chunk, Conklln Center. May thev live long and prosper Is th( wish of Lewis, Rellly & Davles, the honest and most extensive dealers In boots, shoes,! rubbers, etc.. In northeastern Pennsyl' vania. No. 114 Wyoming avenue, Scran ton, Pa. , li, . . . - - i Holiday Goods li ine Our doors are open to every lover of the beautiful, and we welcome all to see and enjoy the largest display of Holiday Goods that was ever put on exhibition in this city. Take a ' Look at the Diamond in Our AVinUow Can show you many more inside. ' V. J. WEIGH EL, 408 SPRUCE STREET, NEAR DIME BANK. r
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers
For questions about content and participation in the PA Newspaper Archive, please contact the Preservation, Conservative and Digitization department.
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Or here.
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We've sent a verification link by email
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April 10th, 2019
Sound of countryside. Sound recorded with a ZOOM H4N Pro and a Rycote Mini Wind Screen.
Son de la campagne. Son enregistré avec un ZOOM H4N Pro et une bonnette Rycote Mini Wind Screen.
My sounds are licensed under the Creative Commons 0 License but it would be a pleasure for me to hear your work so doesn’t hesitate to comment or to send me a message with your work :)
Passionné de musique, je pratique le field recording et la captation de sons pour occuper mon temps libre. J'espère que mes sons vous plairont et qu'ils vous seront utiles !
Type
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Duration
1:10.969
File size
19.5 MB
Sample rate
48000.0 Hz
Bit depth
24 bit
Channels
Stereo
2 years, 8 months ago
Coucou Samuel. Je vais utiliser ce son pour recréer un peu la campagne en colombie. C'est pour un projet avec mes potes, c'est une radionovela qui parle de la disparition forcée en Colombie à cause de la guerre.Très merci
3 years, 7 months ago
I will send you the link of my work when I have finished it.
Thank you very much. I will use them as sound effects in one of my songs. Of course I will put your name in the thanks for these sounds.
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An aerial view of crosses casting shadows at the Parque Taruma cemetery, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Manaus, Brazil, June 15, 2020. Picture taken with a drone. REUTERS/Bruno Kelly - RC2S9H9D3KH3
With the help of two former students, Brazilian data journalist Marcelo Soares collected data showing that deaths from COVID-19 in Brazil’s cities were far higher than authorities claimed.
“In March, in the early days of the pandemic in Brazil, I was intrigued by the lack of detailed data [from] the Health ministry,” Soares said. “They only published case counts aggregated by state, with a delay in comparison to what state secretaries published.”
Using Datawrapper, Flourish, and Google’s Data Studios, Soares created interactive graphics, including a heat map that was published along with his stories in Brazilian Report.
“I began checking all the 27 states to get the city-level data,” Soares said. “States had different formats to report data, and formats changed every day, so it was hard to automatize.”
Soares visited state health secretaries every day to collect the data gathered by each municipality and found out state data was more up-to-date than the federal government’s, as the ministry was collecting them by phone.
“Even if there is a national notification system that goes right up to municipalities, there are multiple parallel systems,” Soares said.
The data came in various formats that Soares had to standardize in order to be able to analyze it all together.
“Some had HTML tables, some had micro data, some had PDF reports, and one in the Amazon published the cases only in social media cards,” he said. “In March, it was taking me half an hour a day, and it paid [off].”
By mid-April, Soares was spending three hours a day on data collection and asked two former students from a data journalism course, Pedro Teixeira and Fabio Freller, to help him.
“Curiously, both had initially studied engineering, and there they had a taste for programming before transferring to a journalism degree,” he said.
He found that different kinds of categorizations meant deaths from COVID-19 had been under reported.
“Usually COVID deaths are classified as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SRAG) deaths until they are confirmed by tests,” Soares said. Once they realized that, they supplemented their research with SRAG micro data.
Soares publishes live charts of the coronavirus research on his website Lagom Data, which gathers, analyzes, and visualizes data for newsrooms and civil society organizations.
One of the tools he used for data analysis was BigQuery by Google’s DataStudio; his query report is available here.
“This is the tool where I gather my city level data, enriched by metadata (like is it a capital, is it in the Amazon, is it on the border, etc.),” he said. “It was hosted in Google Sheets until it had 40,000 lines.”
Soon, many different media outlets started using the data, including Roda Viva, a traditional weekly interview show on São Paulo’s public television channel.
After being invited as a guest on the show, many of its viewers found their way to the website. And in late April, Soares started a subscription-based membership for Lagom Data to improve the website and pay the students who were helping him out.
By the beginning of June, TV news reported daily on the numbers collected by Lagom Data and other similar initiatives. The government then tried to stop them, but this had [the opposite] effect and actually increased the number of subscribers, including people with official positions.
“One of those new subscribers is a state planning secretary in the north of Brazil,” Soares said. “Another is a respected reproductive health researcher who left Brazil after being threatened by the government.”
Some of his new subscribers have even come to rely on Soares’s data to guide the reopening of public institutions.
“One [of the new subscribers] works in the coordination of a private school in a city in São Paulo, and needs the series for his city so they can plan when to reopen,” Soares said.
“I’m so proud of our subscribers,” he added. “[But] it wouldn’t be possible to do that without the help of the students.”
How They Did It
Soares was excited to work with Teixeira and Freller.
“Those are students whose work I knew, and it would be a nice opportunity to keep in touch and share some tricks of the trade,” he said.
Their former teacher first divided Brazil’s 27 states and made sure the groups were evenly divided by difficulty.
The primary communication was over WhatsApp, “which is our watercooler, and a Google Sheets template that they fill daily with city name, state, known COVID-19 case count, and confirmed COVID-19 death count, ” he said.
“If the city name matches the official spelling, the template returns the city code defined by IBGE, our census bureau. With that, I can match the data to other databases, like population (to calculate rates by 100,000), per capita GDP, city characteristics and so on, to enrich each data point with analysis possibilities.
“In early May, the government began publishing cases by city. For a while we compared the results and found out they became pretty similar to what we collected. So, we began collecting city data from the government and getting the students to do other analysis.”
“Fabio, for example, began working with the micro data for SRAG, a placemark classification for cases with no known cause. In March, a healthcare research institute noticed a huge spike in SRAG cases — way above the average from previous years.”
The students noticed the SRAG cases were pretty similar to COVID-19 and found that most states were testing SRAG cases to see whether they’re actually COVID-19 cases.
“Usually COVID deaths are classified as SRAG deaths until they are confirmed by tests,” Soares said. “So, when we began having more latitude to work other kinds of data, Fabio began working with SRAG microdata to see what he could pull. We constructed a time series of SRAG x COVID deaths which led to the story published at [Brazilian newspaper] Folha de S. Paulo.”
For the analysis and visualization, they used Datawrapper, Flourish, and Google’s Data Studios. “They are free, aesthetically pleasant to see and very easy to use,” Soares said.
“Datawrapper and Flourish do nice charts. In Flourish we can do animated charts. The Datawrapper maps are updated manually every day. The bar charts are automatically updated. Initially, I fed a Data Studios map from the Google Sheet, but it broke with 100 points, and that’s why I moved to Datawrapper.
“Now, I use Data Studios to make the dashboard for data hosted on BigQuery. [On the Lagom Data website], Máquina do Tempo (Time Machine) has the full series of case and death counts, as reported by states. Subnotificômetro (Underreportmeter) looks at SRAG deaths in comparison to known COVID deaths for each city, day by day.”
“Initially I was collecting the data on Google Sheets, until it became too big and I had to upload it to BigQuery, a paid tool which is part of Google Cloud Services. I keep many big databases there, including formal jobs (one line for each formal contract in Brazil, 68 million lines in 2018) and company records with full names of company partners (28 GB).”
It would have been hard to imagine a data project of this scope 15 years ago.
“That was unthinkable here in Brazil when I learned to use Access from [Knight Professor in Investigative and Enterprise Reporting] Brant Houston in 2003, in the early days of Abraji [the Brazilian Association of Investigative Journalism]. More than the tools and the cloud, detailed data was hard to come up with in Brazil. I still have the pocket CD in which Brant put a slice of US immigration records for us to analyze in class to see patterns in Brazilian emigration to the US.
“In 2002, to collect candidate assets data, Folha had to send reporters to electoral courts in all 27 states to get photocopies of property disclosure statements they delivered to be candidates. I was part of that, and I remember carrying some 40 pounds of candidate registry folders to photocopy somewhere else because the court was not prepared to charge for that many copies.
“Four years later, as a result of that work and subsequent work, those records were put online every election. With another six years, we had a freedom of information law.”
“A lot has changed here,” Soares concluded. “Usually for the better.”
Corrections: In order to clarify Soares’ role on the Roda Viva TV show and the government’s response, two corrections were made to this story on July 30, 2020.
This article was originally published here by the Investigative Journalism Education Consortium (IJEC) and is republished here with permission.
Jelter Meers is a coordinating editor at the Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project and a member of the IJEC, a consortium of university journalism educators who teach investigative reporting throughout the world.
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Please enter the email address that you used for registration. We will send you a new password.
The following information is mandatory and is required to register an account:
Have you found an error? Do you have any suggestions for making our service even better or any other questions about this page? Please write to us and we'll make sure we get back to you.
I hereby confirm the use of my personal data within the context of the enquiry made.
Dear user,
In response to current developments in the web technology used by the Goobi viewer, the software no longer supports your browser.
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I hereby confirm the use of my personal data within the context of the enquiry made.
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In response to current developments in the web technology used by the Goobi viewer, the software no longer supports your browser.
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The Euro+Med PlantBase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity
Euro+Med Plantbase integrates and critically evaluates information from Flora Europaea, Med-Checklist, the Flora of Macaronesia,
and from regional and national floras and checklists from the area as well as additional taxonomic and floristic literature. This is
complemented by the European taxa of several families taken from the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families and of the
Leguminosae from the International Legume Database and Information Service ILDIS (see credits for details). By 1st of February 2018 it provides access to the total European flora of vascular plants in
222 plant families.
This version of Euro+Med PlantBase is not updated any more. Updates can be found on the Euro+Med PlantBase - Preview of the new data portal.
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Copyright © 2007 Scott D. Yelich. SOME RIGHTS RESERVED.
When stated as the author of the each original work, I own the copyright to the work and reserve all rights granted to me by such copyright, including the sole ability to grant licenses covering the work. Each work that is licensed has an individual and specific indication of the license and is licensed independently of all other works.
All other works (and miscellaneous items) not specifically stated to be covered by a license should NOT be assumed to be covered by any current or previous license and each work may, in fact, have an entirely independent license. I make no attempt to cover each license other than what is required by the licenses of those specific works. Nothing on this site or in any of the works is meant or intended to alter or imply to alter those licenses in any way. Under no circumstances should the use or reference to another work be either assumed or considered as either explicit or implicit approval of anything related to the work including the work itself, results, concepts, techniques, the author or the author's opinions, etc.
From: Creative Commons License legal code ...
UNLESS OTHERWISE MUTUALLY AGREED TO BY THE PARTIES IN WRITING, LICENSOR OFFERS THE WORK AS-IS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE WORK, EXPRESS, IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTIBILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, NONINFRINGEMENT, OR THE ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS, ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OF ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT DISCOVERABLE. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES, SO SUCH EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT WILL LICENSOR BE LIABLE TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS LICENSE OR THE USE OF THE WORK, EVEN IF LICENSOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
Please see the full Creative Commons License legal code for complete details.
Yes, the works are free. No, you do not have to create an account, provide your email address, fill out a gazillion forms, donate or even link back to me or any of my sites, even if you use any of the works on a commercial way. The only restrictions are those specifically outlined in the Creative Commons License.
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| 0.991589 |
Rated 5 out of 5
by Firefox user 18132319, 9 months ago- Rated 4 out of 5by Firefox user 18719135, a day ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 13617961, a month ago
- Rated 3 out of 5by Firefox user 18629727, a month ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 18616978, 2 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 18076522, 2 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Sam, 3 months agoSimple to use. Almost too simple. I clicked on the toolbar button expecting options and deleted all my history, etc. The simplicity is what makes it great. To prevent another accidental deletion, perhaps I should unpin it from toolbar.
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 18466210, 6 months ago
- Rated 4 out of 5by Firefox user 18466485, 6 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Seän "frostbyte" Shepherd, 6 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 15482719, 6 months ago
- Rated 4 out of 5by Reggie L Addison, 9 months ago
- Rated 3 out of 5by Firefox user 17622706, 10 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Choc1024, 10 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 15378042, 10 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by wraiter, 10 months ago
- Rated 5 out of 5by Firefox user 18248912, a year ago
- Rated 3 out of 5by Ken, a year ago
- Rated 2 out of 5by MartyGreg, a year agoI was hoping to be able to just click on this add-on and see all cookies on the computer to avoid going thru several steps using FF Tools...etc and select the ones I want to delete
- Rated 5 out of 5by homeboy, a year ago
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https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/clear-browsing-data/reviews/2057579/
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2024-12-08T01:19:16Z
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| 0.984148 |
Research Article
Evaluation of Gut Associated Extracellular Enzyme-producing and Pathogen Inhibitory Microbial Community as Potential Probiotics in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
Koushik Ghosh
,
Sudeshna Banerjee
,
Urmi Mustafi Moon
,
Hassan Ahmad Khan
,
Dipanjan Dutta
Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713 104, West Bengal, India
Author
Correspondence author
International Journal of Aquaculture, 2017, Vol. 7, No. 23 doi: 10.5376/ija.2017.07.0023
Received: 09 Nov., 2017 Accepted: 19 Dec., 2017 Published: 29 Dec., 2017
© 2017 BioPublisher Publishing Platform
This is an open access article published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Ghosh K., Banerjee S., Moon U.M., Khan H.A., and Dutta D., 2017, Evaluation of gut associated extracellular enzyme-producing and pathogen inhibitory microbial community as potential probiotics in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, International Journal of Aquaculture, 7(23): 143-158 (doi: 10.5376/ija.2017.07.0023)
Abstract
The present study aimed at evaluation of gut associated bacteria and yeasts in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as novel probiotics depending on extracellular digestive (amylase, protease and lipase) and degradation (cellulase, phytase, and xylanase) enzymes-producing ability, pathogen inhibition and bio-safety. The gastrointestinal (GI) tracts were taken out, separated into proximal and distal segments, homogenized, and enrichment culture was done on selective media plates for isolation of bacteria. Yeasts were isolated on yeast extract-peptone-dextreose media supplemented with antibiotics (150 mg L-1). Both, bacteria and yeasts were detected in the GI tracts of Nile tilapia. Diverse enzyme-producing microbial populations were higher in the distal segment than the proximal segment. Ten out of 97 bacteria and 5 out of 32 yeast strains were primarily selected. The bacterium ONF1P and the yeast strain ONF7.1C were noticed as the efficient exo-enzyme producing strains. Both the isolates were antagonistic against ≥2 tested fish pathogens. Both the strains were tolerant to diluted bile juice, capable to grow in fish mucus (intestinal) and compatible with previously isolated autochthonous fish gut bacteria. The isolates didn’t induce any pathological lesions or mortality in O. niloticus fingerlings. The strains ONF1P and ONF7.1C were identified as Bacillus licheniformis (KT362744) and Pichia kudriavzevii (KT582009), respectively, through 16S /18S rRNA gene fragment analyses. Extracellular enzyme-producing gut bacteria and yeast may restrain the growth of some fish pathogens and tolerate conditions within the GI tract. Further research should be directed to determine their in vivo effects on growth and disease resistance in O. niloticus.
Keywords
Nile tilapia; Bacillus; Pichia; Antagonism; Co-culture; Probiotics
International Journal of Aquaculture
• Volume 7
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https://aquapublisher.com/index.php/ija/article/view/3371
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Long-term Changes in Sea Surface Temperature at Selected Locations in the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Sea off Oman
Y.V.B. Sarma
1 ,
Anesh Govender
1 ,
Ebenezer S. Nyadjro
2 ,
Sergey Piontkovski
1
1. College of Agricultural and Marine Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box.34, Al Khod, P.C. 123, Muscat, Oman
2. NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, 7600 Sandpoint Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115, USA
Author
Correspondence author
International Journal of Marine Science, 2013, Vol. 3, No. 18 doi: 10.5376/ijms.2013.03.0018
Received: 08 Apr., 2013 Accepted: 19 Apr., 2013 Published: 22 Apr., 2013
© 2013 BioPublisher Publishing Platform
This is an open access article published under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Preferred citation for this article:
Sarma et al., 2013, Long-term Changes in Sea Surface Temperature at Selected Locations in the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Sea off Oman, International Journal of Marine Science, Vol.3, No.18 145-150 (doi: 10.5376/ijms.2013.03.0018)
Abstract
Long-term changes in the sea surface temperature (SST) at two locations off Oman were investigated using Hadley Center SST for the period 1961~2009. A mean annual increase in SST by 0.32℃ was noticed in the Sea of Oman while an increase of 0.53℃ was noticed in the western Arabian Sea. The shift in SST is higher off Muscat than off Masirah during the study period. The bi-modal variability of the SST in the study region is successfully simulated by a cyclic model developed utilizing SST data for 1961~2009 period. An increase in summer warming and decrease in winter cooling are evident in the annual SST distribution at both the locations. The decadal variability off Masirah in the western Arabian Sea showed that the standard deviation of SST switched its character post-1990. The SST variance in Sea of Oman showed a decadal-scale change but in western Arabian Sea, it was nearly unchanged until 1990 and rapidly declined post-1990 period. The large shifts in SST apparently caused higher variability in the sea surface height (SSH) anomalies post-1990 period.
Keywords
Sea of Oman; Western Arabian Sea; Sea surface temperature; Sea level changes; Long-term SST change
International Journal of Marine Science
• Volume 3
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| 0.942548 |
The projects listed in this section lack any better description. They are mostly old and unmaintained now. More recent and better-documented projects can be found described in the blog section of this site, or on GitLab.
2024
- 2024-07-18 – mkg3a
2012
2011
2010
- 2010-05-30 – PuTTYJL
2009
- 2009-01-11 – fb-hitler
|
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https://beta.taricorp.net/projects/
|
2024-12-08T00:45:59Z
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Latn
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| 0.987085 |
Fragment of Tabby Weave
Egyptian, Classical, Ancient Near Eastern Art
MEDIUM
Wool
DATES
5th–6th century C.E.
PERIOD
Late Antique Period
ACCESSION NUMBER
15.475t
CREDIT LINE
Gift of the Egypt Exploration Fund
MUSEUM LOCATION
This item is not on view
CAPTION
Coptic. Fragment of Tabby Weave, 5th–6th century C.E. Wool, 1 1/2 x 7 in. (3.8 x 17.8 cm). Brooklyn Museum, Gift of the Egypt Exploration Fund, 15.475t. Creative Commons-BY (Photo: Brooklyn Museum (in collaboration with Index of Christian Art, Princeton University), CUR.15.475T_ICA.jpg)
IMAGE
overall,
CUR.15.475T_ICA.jpg. Brooklyn Museum photograph (in collaboration with Index of Christian Art, Princeton University), 2007
"CUR" at the beginning of an image file name means that the image was created by a curatorial staff member. These study images may be digital point-and-shoot photographs, when we don\'t yet have high-quality studio photography, or they may be scans of older negatives, slides, or photographic prints, providing historical documentation of the object.
RIGHTS STATEMENT
Creative Commons-BY
You may download and use Brooklyn Museum images of this three-dimensional work in accordance with a
Creative Commons license. Fair use, as understood under the United States Copyright Act, may also apply.
Please include caption information from this page and credit the Brooklyn Museum. If you need a high resolution file, please fill out our online
application form (charges apply).
For further information about copyright, we recommend resources at the
United States Library of Congress,
Cornell University,
Copyright and Cultural Institutions: Guidelines for U.S. Libraries, Archives, and Museums, and
Copyright Watch.
For more information about the Museum's rights project, including how rights types are assigned, please see our
blog posts on copyright.
If you have any information regarding this work and rights to it, please contact
[email protected].
RECORD COMPLETENESS
Not every record you will find here is complete. More information is available for some works than for others, and some entries have been updated more recently. Records are frequently reviewed and revised, and
we welcome any additional information you might have.
|
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|
2024-12-08T01:03:35Z
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| 0.97468 |
Catalogue of Life 2024-11-18 doi:10.48580/dgjy9
© 2022, Catalogue of Life. This online database is copyrighted by Catalogue of Life on behalf of the Catalogue of Life partners.
Unless otherwise indicated, all other content offered under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License,
Catalogue of Life, 2024-11-18.
Catalogue of Life is a Global Core Biodata Resource
The Catalogue of Life cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information in the Catalogue of Life.
Be aware that the Catalogue of Life is still incomplete and undoubtedly contains errors.
Catalogue of Life, nor any contributing database can be made liable for any direct or indirect damage arising out of the use of Catalogue of Life services.
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2024-12-08T00:38:03Z
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| 0.954144 |
Chart showing results for inventory Value (Place: Roydon, England, Downham Market, England, King's Lynn, England, Great Yarmouth, England)(Value: 4, 0)(Testator Occupation(s): Maltster, Pipemaker)(searchtype: browse)
Bar Chart
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https://www.dhi.ac.uk/intoxicants/visualisations.jsp?source=inventory&Place=Roydon,%20England&Place=Downham%20Market,%20England&Place=King's%20Lynn,%20England&Place=Great%20Yarmouth,%20England&Value=4&Value=0&Testator%20Occupation(s)=Maltster&Testator%20Occupation(s)=Pipemaker&searchtype=browse&facet=Value&view=bar
|
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Latn
|
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| 0.718441 |
Issue |
E3S Web Conf.
Volume 497, 2024
5th International Conference on Energetics, Civil and Agricultural Engineering (ICECAE 2024)
---|---|---|
Article Number | 03021 | |
Number of page(s) | 6 | |
Section | Agricultural Engineering | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449703021 | |
Published online | 07 March 2024 |
Quality examination of ice cream products made from melon grown in Khorezm area
1 Urgench State University, 14, Khamid Alimdjan, 220100 Urgench, Uzbekistan
2 Karshi State University, 180119 Karshi, Uzbekistan
* Corresponding author: [email protected]
The results of qualitative examination of melon ice cream, its raw materials, preparation technology, vitamin C content in various recipes of ice cream, as well as regulatory documents on various microbiological safety standards in the product, methods for studying the necessary microbiological indicators, as well as microbiological studies of melon ice cream in storage in different conditions are presented.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2024
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.
|
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|
CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/abs/2024/27/e3sconf_icecae2024_03021/e3sconf_icecae2024_03021.html
|
2024-12-07T23:55:02Z
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Latn
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eng
| 0.936918 |
3.3V Automotive Step-Down Regulator – Low-Iq, Dual-Mode
This is a Dual Mode regulator intended for Automotive, battery-connected applications that operate with up to a 36V input supply. Depending on the output load, it operates either as a PWM Buck Converter or as a Low Drop-Out Linear Regulator, and is suitable for systems with low noise...
Continue ReadingHalf Bridge with Single PWM Input
This is a Half-bridge module based on the LM5104 chip, which is a high-voltage gate driver. This High-Voltage Gate Driver is designed to drive both the high-side and the low-side N-channel MOSFETs in a synchronous buck configuration. The floating high-side driver can work with supply...
Continue Reading12-95V Input – 5V Output – High Voltage DC-DC Buck Converter
This is a versatile synchronous buck DC/DC converter built using the LM5008 chip. The operating input voltage range is 12V to 95V DC, providing 5V/120-350mA output. The regulator can provide a load current of up to 350mA, but it's advisable to draw only 120mA due to the small thermal...
Continue Reading12-75V Input to 10V Output DC-DC Buck Converter
This is a versatile synchronous Buck DC/DC converter built using the LM5007 chip. It operates with an input voltage range 12V to 75VDC, and provides 10V/250mA output. The regulator can provide load current up to 400mA, but it is advisable to draw only 250mA due to the small thermal...
Continue ReadingUniversal Input AC/DC Switching Buck Regulator – 85V -265V AC Input – 5V/150mA DC Output
The project presented here is a universal input AC/DC switching buck regulator with ultra-low standby power that is capable of delivering up to 2.5W output power. The RAA223012 chip is the heart of the project which combines constant off-time control for heavy load and Pulse Frequency...
Continue Reading5V – 4A Buck Converter using NR110E
This powerful buck converter can efficiently produce 5 V@4A with an input voltage between 7V to 31V. The project is built using the NR110E chip from Sanken Semiconductor. The IC integrates the power MOSFET. With current mode control, ultra-low ESR capacitors, such as ceramic...
Continue ReadingHigh Current DC-DC Converter – 12V/6A Output from 16V to 38V DC Input
The project presented here is a low quiescent current, synchronous buck converter featuring the LTC3807. This DC-DC converts a 16V to 38V input voltage to a 12V at 6A output. The main features of this board include an internal LDO for gate drive power from VIN or EXTVCC, RUN pins, a...
Continue Reading
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|
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Latn
|
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| 0.992551 |
The continuing growth in knowledge of cellular mechanisms - and capabilities in bioinformatics - has certainly been paying off in cancer research over the past few years - good news for the future of healthy life extension, as cancer is big concern. Many potential cures are currently in the works. InfoAging reports on yet another promising new approach: "Scientists have fixed a defect in cancer cells that allows them to avoid the normal cell-death process, and as a consequence, they eliminated leukemia cells from laboratory mice. ... BCL-2 overexpression has been noted in many types of cancer, and was first found in lymphoma cells. ... This study provides strong support for the speculation that blocking BCL-2 would be lethal to cancer cells."
|
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https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2004/12/another-new-approach-to-fight-cancer/
|
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| 0.999302 |
Corrigendum: RAFF-4, Magnetization Transfer and Diffusion Tensor MRI of Lysophosphatidylcholine Induced Demyelination and Remyelination in Rats
- 1Department of Medical Imaging, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- 2A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- 3Charles River Laboratories, Kuopio, Finland
- 4First Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- 5Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Untied States
- 6Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, Untied States
Remyelination is a naturally occurring response to demyelination and has a central role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis and traumatic brain injury. Recently we demonstrated that a novel MRI technique entitled Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field (RAFF) in the rotating frame of rank n (RAFFn) achieved exceptional sensitivity in detecting the demyelination processes induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) in rat brain. In the present work, our aim was to test whether RAFF4, along with magnetization transfer (MT) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), would be capable of detecting the changes in the myelin content and microstructure caused by modifications of myelin sheets around axons or by gliosis during the remyelination phase after LPC-induced demyelination in the corpus callosum of rats. We collected MRI data with RAFF4, MT and DTI at 3 days after injection (demyelination stage) and at 38 days after injection (remyelination stage) of LPC (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 9). Cell density and myelin content were assessed by histology. All MRI metrics detected differences between LPC-injected and control groups of animals in the demyelination stage, on day 3. In the remyelination phase (day 38), RAFF4, MT parameters, fractional anisotropy, and axial diffusivity detected signs of a partial recovery consistent with the remyelination evident in histology. Radial diffusivity had undergone a further increase from day 3 to 38 and mean diffusivity revealed a complete recovery correlating with the histological assessment of cell density attributed to gliosis. The combination of RAFF4, MT and DTI has the potential to differentiate between normal, demyelinated and remyelinated axons and gliosis and thus it may be able to provide a more detailed assessment of white matter pathologies in several neurological diseases.
Introduction
Myelin is essential for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. It not only accelerates the propagation of electrical impulses along myelinated fibers, but it also provides protection and nutrients to neurons (Saab and Nave, 2017). Disturbances in the integrity of myelin can cause a wide variety of motor, sensory and cognitive symptoms, and demyelination, e.g., damage or loss of myelin sheaths has been associated with several diseases including multiple sclerosis (Noseworthy et al., 2000), Alzheimer’s disease (Nasrabady et al., 2018), and traumatic brain injury (Armstrong et al., 2016a).
Remyelination is a natural regenerative response to demyelination. Both acquired and genetic demyelinations are followed by remyelination, and this has been found to play an important role especially in multiple sclerosis (Prineas and Connell, 1979; Hirano, 1989) and traumatic brain injury (Armstrong et al., 2016b). Oligodendrocytes create new myelin sheaths that cover the demyelinated axons; however, the newly formed myelin sheaths are typically thinner than the original myelin sheaths and/or may have a different structure and altered conduction properties (Zhao et al., 2005; Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008). Remyelination is a key step in the patient’s recovery process, as electrical impulses propagate too slowly along demyelinated axons to allow normal brain function. Non-invasive quantitative imaging of changes in myelin content and microstructure can provide critical information about demyelination and remyelination processes and be useful for monitoring the progression of diseases and responses to treatment.
There are several methods available which can be used for imaging of demyelination, however, MRI is able to map myelin only indirectly (Heath et al., 2018). Direct detection of myelin is difficult as the movement restriction of lipid chains in the myelin bilayer causes a fast relaxation decay of the MR signal, although it may become more feasible by adopting zero echo time imaging approaches (Wilhelm et al., 2012; Seifert et al., 2017). Diffusion MRI, in particular diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), monitors the microscopic motion of water molecules that occur in brain tissues as a part of the diffusion process. As myelin sheaths restrict water diffusion, DTI can detect abnormalities in the structure of white matter, although it is not specific for the myelin compartment as many other cell structures contribute to the restriction of diffusion in tissue. Magnetization transfer (MT) MRI is an indirect method that was proposed many years ago for the detection of demyelination (Wolff and Balaban, 1989). This method utilizes the exchange of magnetization between the hydrogen nuclei of semisolid macromolecules and hydrogen protons in free water; as a consequence, semisolid tissue components such as myelin structures can modulate the MR image contrast. One limitation to the use of MT for monitoring myelin is that other macromolecular tissue components, as well as changes in the water content due to edema, also affect the MT contrast. Multi-exponential T2 can serve as a potential indicator of the myelin content in white matter. However, the relative size of the short-T2 component around 8–50 ms is defined as myelin associated water, and this has often been interpreted as the myelin content (Dula et al., 2010). While the water fraction of myelin has been found to correlate with the myelin content, the exact relationship between the short T2 component and the myelin content is not well understood (Tozer et al., 2005).
A novel rotating frame relaxation method operating in non-adiabatic regime, entitled Relaxation Along a Fictitious Field (RAFF) (Liimatainen et al., 2010, 2011) in the rotating frame of rank n (RAFFn) (Liimatainen et al., 2015), was recently presented and shown to have excellent sensitivity for myelin detection both in normal brain (Hakkarainen et al., 2016) and in demyelinated lesions induced by lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) injections into the corpus callosum and in the dorsal tegmental tract (Lehto et al., 2017) of the rat brain and in dysmyelination (Satzer et al., 2015) in mouse brain. The correlation of relaxation time constants detected with RAFF4 (TRAFF4) with the myelin content obtained in a previous study (Lehto et al., 2017) was ascribed to the increased sensitivity of RAFFn to slow/ultra-slow motional regimes. These have correlation times of motion in the ms range (Liimatainen et al., 2015; Satzer et al., 2015; Hakkarainen et al., 2016), likely reflecting the exchange of myelin associated water as well as the conformational dynamics of methylene functional groups within myelin. The highest correlation between relaxation time constants and the myelin content was achieved with RAFF4 and RAFF5 techniques as compared to T1, T2 and conventional spin-lock rotating frame relaxation contrasts (Satzer et al., 2015; Hakkarainen et al., 2016) in the rat brain. In addition, RAFFn provides the distinct advantage of resulting in a substantially lower specific absorption rate (SAR) as compared to conventional continuous wave (CW) (Liimatainen et al., 2010, 2015).
While our previous work demonstrated the clear advantages of RAFFn in the detection of demyelination (Lehto et al., 2017), the process of remyelination was not assessed by multimodal MRI. In the present work, we hypothesize that by combining microstructural imaging, DTI, and methods specific to myelin content, RAFFn and/or MT, it is possible to characterize both the myelin content and the integrity of myelin sheaths during remyelination. To test this hypothesis, we used LPC-induced demyelination in the rat corpus callosum, and conducted a longitudinal study using multiparametric MRI data during both the acute demyelination and chronic remyelination phases and compared the results with histological findings.
Materials and Methods
Animal Model
A total of 26 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Germany; 300–350 g) were used in this study. Rats were group housed with a 12 h light/12 h dark cycle and had ad libitum access to food and water. All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Provincial Government of Southern Finland and conducted in accordance with the guidelines set by the European Commission Directive 2010/63/EEC.
All surgical procedures were done under inhalation anesthesia using 1.8–2.2% isoflurane in 30%/70% O2/N2O. To induce demyelinated lesions, stereotaxic injections of the LPC solution (volume of 1.5 μl; concentration: 10 mg/ml; L-α- lysophosphatidylcholine from egg yolk; L-4129 Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, United States) were administered into the corpus callosum of the rat brain with stereotactic coordinates of 0.4 mm caudal from bregma, 1.4 mm left from bregma, and 2.6 mm from the brain surface (n = 17). Control animals (n = 9) underwent the identical protocol but were injected with 1.5 μl of vehicle solution of 0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer solution instead of LPC.
Pilot Study
A pilot study was first performed to clarify the time course of the demyelination/-remyelination process in the LPC model under our experimental conditions. It has been previously described that demyelination without an inflammatory reaction peaks at day 3 after LPC injection (Waxman et al., 1979; Lehto et al., 2017). However, it was our intention to determine the time course of remyelination. In the pilot experiment, 5 LPC rats were imaged at 7 T MRI (Bruker Pharmascan, Entlingen, Germany) with an actively decoupled quadrature receiver rat head coil and volume transmit coil pair every 2–3 days for 38 days using a high-resolution T2-weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence with the following parameters: TR = 2.6 s, averages = 8, TEeff = 42.7 ms, rare factor = 8, FOV = 25.6 × 25.6 mm2, matrix size = 256 × 256, number of slices = 24 and slice thickness = 0.3 mm) with total imaging time of 10 min 55 s. Immediately after the final scanning, the animals were perfused for histology.
MRI Protocol to Study Demyelination and Remyelination
The remaining rats (n = 21) were imaged on day 3 after the LPC (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 9) injection, when there was already a significant demyelination without any inflammatory reaction or any signs of remyelination (Waxman et al., 1979), and again on day 38 after the injection when there should be a marked remyelination according to our pilot study. All MRI procedures were performed with the 7 T MRI system described above. The location of injections was localized using T2-weighted FSE acquisitions. The center of the imaging slice for RAFF4, MT, and DTI (middle slice), on both day 3 and day 38, was positioned to align with the center of the T2-weighted slice next (caudal) to the slice covering the injection site to exclude any mechanical damage induced by the injection.
For the relaxation and MT measurements, a FSE pulse sequence was used as the readout portion of the sequence. The parameters for the readout were TR = 4 s, TEeff = 8.3 ms, necho = 8, FOV = 32.0 × 32.0 mm2, matrix size = 256 × 256, number of slices = 1 and slice thickness = 0.5 mm with a total acquisition time of 16 min for one relaxation time constant map.
The RAFFn method has been presented in detail previously (Liimatainen et al., 2015). Here, we used RAFF4; to generate RAFFn contrast, trains of RAFFn pulses assembled in P-packets (PP–1 Pπ Pπ–1) were used as described before (Liimatainen et al., 2010). The duration of each RAFF4 pulse, defined as Tp = 4π/(√2ω1max), was set to 4.525 ms and the peak RF amplitude was γB1 = 324 Hz. The RAFF4 pulse train durations were 0, 109, 217, 326, and 434 ms. Separate measurements were performed with and without an adiabatic full passage (AFP) inversion pulse (hyperbolic secant (HS1) pulse, Tp = 8 ms, γB1 = 2,500 Hz) preceding the RAFFn pulse trains (Liimatainen et al., 2010).
RAFF4 was calculated by a non-linear least-squares fitting approach simultaneously on data obtained with initial -z′ and +z′ magnetization orientations (Liimatainen et al., 2010). Equation 1 was used to model the observed exponential decay and the approach to steady state,
Here, S0 is the initial signal intensity (t = 0), R is the relaxation rate constant describing the decay, and SSS is the steady-state intensity at t → ∞.
In acquiring MT metrics, we used the modified inversion MT protocol with two consecutive acquisitions as described previously (Mangia et al., 2011). Separate measurements were performed with the magnetization initially aligned along the +z axis during off-resonance irradiation, or -z axis to allow the signal to recover, i.e., without or with initial global inversion achieved by an adiabatic full passage (AFP) pulse, in analogy to the acquisitions with RAFF4. A square saturation pulse with γB1 = 200 Hz was placed at 8 kHz off-resonance with an incremental duration (0.0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 s). T1sat, MSS (steady state magnetization) and M0 (fully relaxed magnetization in the absence of RF), were calculated using pixel-by-pixel analysis, as described by Mangia et al. (2011). MTR was also calculated as MTR = 1–MSS/M0.
For DTI, segmented spin-echo EPI was used with TR = 1 s, TE = 31.8 ms, nshots = 2, number of averages = 48, FOV = 21.3 × 14.4 mm2, matrix size = 170 × 115, number of slices = 5, slice thickness = 0.5 mm, b = 2,000 s/mm2, diffusion directions = 42 leading to a total acquisition time of 1 h 18 min. Mean diffusivity (MD), fractional anisotropy (FA), and radial and axial diffusivity (RD, AD) maps were calculated from DTI data. DTI data were corrected for motion and eddy current-induced image distortions using Explore DTI (Leemans et al., 2009). Relaxation time constants and parametric maps from MT and DTI were reconstructed from signal intensities using pixel-by-pixel fitting in MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA) and FMRIB’s Software Library (FSL).
Region-of-Interest (ROI) Analysis
All the images from both time points were co-registered to the RAFF4 images from day 3 using Advanced Normalization Tools (ANTs)1. Two ROIs in the corpus callosum, one contralateral and one ipsilateral to the injection site, were manually drawn on T2-weighted images in every animal and transferred to the co-registered stack of parametric maps using the Aedes software package2 When drawing the ROIs, we chose one slice caudally to the injection site based on the day 3 images and we used the same location on day 38. Mean values from each ROIs from every map were used in the statistical analysis. In the vehicle injected animals, the ROIs were drawn at the vehicle injection site similarly as conducted for the LPC- injected animals.
Histological Procedures and Analysis
After the last MRI session, all animals were transcranially perfused first with 0.9% NaCl (30 ml/min, 2 min, 4°C) followed by 4% paraformaldehyde solution in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) (30 ml/min, 25 min, 4°C). After perfusion, the brains were removed from the skull, and post-fixed for 4 h in 4% paraformaldehyde solution. Then, the brains were cryoprotected in 20% glycerol in 0.02 M potassium phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) for 36 h, and frozen in dry ice, and stored at –70°C until sectioning.
The brains were sectioned into five series of 30 μm thick coronal sections using a sliding microtome. The first series was stored in 10% formalin at room temperature, and second to fifth series were stored in a cryoprotectant tissue-collecting solution (30% ethyleneglycol, 25% glycerol in 0.05 M PBS) at –20°C until staining.
Selected sections from the first series of sections were stained with Nissl (thionin) to assess changes in the cytoarchitecture of the corpus callosum. We stained up to 10 sections covering and exceeding the lesioned area as revealed in MRI on day 3. Consecutive sections from the second series were stained with gold chloride to assess the myeloarchitecture of the corpus callosum (Laitinen et al., 2010).
The optical density of Nissl- and myelin-stained sections was quantified in locations corresponding to the ROIs in the MRI analysis. Three consecutive sections were selected based on the MRI images where the ROI was drawn for analysis. The histological sections were selected based on anatomical landmarks, and the ROIs for optical density were drawn in the same anatomical location as in the MRI images in the ipsi- and contralateral corpus callosum. The three consecutive sections represent 450 μm in the rostral-caudal direction, which provides good coverage of the slice thickness of 500 μm in MRI. High-resolution photomicrographs of both Nissl- and myelin-stained sections of the corpus callosum were obtained using a light microscope (Zeiss Axio Imager2, White Plains, NY, United States) equipped with a digital camera (Zeiss Axiocam color 506). The whole corpus callosum area was imaged in each section by using the tile mode with an objective of 20×. Acquisition, alignment and format conversion were performed with Zen software (Blue edition, v2.6, Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, United States).
The optical density (OD) on Nissl- and myelin-stained sections was quantified using ImageJ software (version 1.47, http://rsb.info.nih.gov/ij/, NIH, United States). First, the color photomicrographs were converted into 16-bit gray scale images, and then the gray scale was inverted to facilitate the interpretation of intensity values in the image to the intensities observed in the myelin-stained sections. We obtained the intensity values from each ROI from Nissl and myelin-stained sections. In order to correct for possible staining differences between sections and brains, the intensity values were corrected against the background intensity with no cell/myelin as in the cortical areas. OD was estimated as (Iref – Icc)/Iref, and for each ROI, the OD value was the average of the three consecutive sections. The estimation of the area of demyelination was conducted on the myelin-stained sections by selecting the area with a low content of myelin ipsi- and/or contralaterally. This selection was limited to the area of demyelination included in the previously drawn ROI for intensity.
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism software (version 5.03 for Windows, La Jolla, CA, United States). Numerical results are represented as mean and standard deviation. Differences between vehicle- and LPC-injected rats were assessed using the two-sample t-test, and differences between ipsi- and contralateral corpus callosum within the same brain using the paired t-test. The contribution of myelinated axons and cell density to the MRI metrics was assessed using Pearson’s linear correlation of the ROI analysis results from MRI and OD of myelin- and Nissl-stained sections. The change of the MRI parameters between days 3 and 38 was assessed using paired-samples t-test separately for ipsi- and contralateral ROIs of vehicle- and LPC-injected rats. The Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate method was used for multiple comparison corrections, and FDR-threshold q < 0.05 was chosen for statistical significance (Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995).
Results
The time course of the relative signal changes in T2-weighted images after LPC injection is shown in Figure 1. This pilot experiment showed that a clear lesion could be detected on day 3 in the corpus callosum, followed by a gradual recovery of the T2-weighted signal intensity in the subsequent time points (Figure 1G). This is consistent with the demyelination/remyelination process described for the LPC model in white matter (Woodruff and Franklin, 1999). Based on this experiment, we chose day 3 as the time point for demyelination and day 38 for remyelination.
Figure 1. T2 weighted images showing the lesion in the corpus callosum (white arrow) and its development from day 3 to day 38 (A–F). The graph represents the signal intensity ratio between lesioned and normal tissue on individual days (G).
On day 3, all the LPC animals exhibited a lesion in the MRI maps with the lesion mainly in the ipsilateral corpus callosum, but also extending to the contralateral side (Figure 2). The group-wise results and comparisons in absolute units are shown in Figure 3, while Table 1 shows relative differences and q-values (FDR corrected p-values) facilitating a comparison between modalities. The relative differences were calculated as (LPC-Vehicle)/Vehicle)∗100%. All MRI metrics revealed the significant and robust effect of demyelination following LPC-injected animals in the ipsilateral site (Figure 3). The largest relative differences were detected by RAFF4, FA and AD (48, –50, –54%, respectively), while MTR, T1sat and RD showed more modest (–18, 21, 26%) but still very clear changes between the demyelinated ipsilateral area and a similar area in vehicle treated animals (Table 1). The contralateral side also showed statistically significant but smaller changes between LPC and vehicle injected animals. Diffusion parameters, especially AD, FA and RD (–16, –22, 18%) were most sensitive at detecting the contralateral changes; these were caused most likely by the diffusion of LPC from the ipsilateral side to the contralateral side.
Figure 2. Quantitative MRI maps in the demyelination phase, on day 3: RAFF4 (A), magnetization transfer ratio, MTR (B), T1sat (C), mean diffusivity, MD (D), fractional anisotropy, FA (E), axial diffusivity, AD (F), radial diffusivity, RD (G), T2w image with lesion (H) and representative example of ROIs for analyzing the lesion on a grayscale RAFF4 map (I). White arrow points to the lesion in the corpus callosum.
Figure 3. Region of interest analysis of MRI parameters in the demyelination phase, on day 3: RAFF4 (A), magnetization transfer ratio, MTR (B), T1sat (C), mean diffusivity MD (D), fractional anisotropy, FA (E) and axial and radial diffusivity, AD (F), and RD (G). Values obtained from the ipsilateral and contralateral sides of LPC injected (n = 12) rats and from the corresponding ROI in the vehicle injected (n = 9) rats. Mean ± SD, paired (+) or unpaired (*) t-test, FDR corrected p-values: *<0.05, ** or ++<0.01, *** or +++<0.001.
On day 38, all the LPC-injected animals revealed at least a partial recovery of the lesion in the MRI maps (Figure 4). Nonetheless, significant differences were still observed on day 38 between LPC and vehicle injected animals in the ipsilateral side in all other MRI metrics except the MD (Figure 5). When comparing MRI outcomes on day 3 (demyelination) to day 38 (remyelination), significant differences were detected in all MRI metrics (Table 1). In particular, the recovery toward normal values on the ipsilateral side of the LPC injected animals was detected with RAFF4 (from 48 to 17%, difference in ipsilateral side of LPC rats, from day 3 to day 38), MTR (from –18 to –7%), T1sat (from 21 to 10%), MD (from –31 to 1%), FA (from –51 to –22%), AD (from –54 to –16%). Furthermore, RD displayed a further robust increase (from 26 to 45%) from days 3 to 38.
Figure 4. Quantitative MRI maps in the remyelination phase, on day 38. Relaxation time constant map of RAFF4 (A), magnetization transfer ratio, MTR (B), T1sat (C), mean diffusivity, MD (D), fractional anisotropy, FA (E), axial diffusivity, AD (F), radial diffusivity, RD (G), T2w image with the lesion (H) and a representative example of ROIs for analyzing lesion on a grayscale RAFF4 map (I). White arrow points to the lesion in the corpus callosum.
Figure 5. Region of interest analysis of MRI parameters in the remyelinization phase, on day 38: RAFF4 (A), magnetization transfer ratio, MTR (B), T1sat (C), mean diffusivity MD (D), fractional anisotropy, FA (E) and axial and radial diffusivity, AD (F) and RD (G). Values obtained from the ipsilateral and contralateral side of LPC injected (n = 12) rats and from the corresponding ROI in the vehicle injected (n = 9) rats. Mean ± SD, paired (+) or unpaired (*) t-test, FDR corrected p-values: + < 0.05, *** or +++<0.001.
Figure 6 shows the quantitative assessment of the histological results as well as representative examples of myelin- and Nissl-stained sections from vehicle- and LPC-injected animals. On day 38, the optical density (OD) analysis on myelin-stained sections revealed a small but significant decrease in the myelin content when comparing the ipsi- and contralateral ROIs in the corpus callosum in the LPC-injected brains (q = 0.02) (Figure 6A). We found a significant increase of the demyelinated area in animals after LPC injection in comparison to vehicle animals, ipsilaterally (q = 0.0085) but not contralaterally (q = 0.11) (Figure 6B). The demyelinated area was small as compared to the total area of the ROI analyzed in the OD analysis; these results demonstrate that the remyelination was well advanced but not completed at 38 days after the injection (Figures 6D–G). Additionally, we found that myelin alterations were taking place along the corpus callosum structure, which may be an indication of ongoing remyelinating processes (Figure 6F).
Figure 6. Histologic assessment of the myelin and Nissl stainings at 38 days after vehicle or LPC injection. OD (A) and demyelinated area (B) analyses of the myelin-stained sections, and OD analysis of the Nissl-stained (C) sections. Values were obtained from the ipsi- and contralateral corpus callosum of vehicle- (n = 9) and LPC-injected (n = 12) rats. Results are shown as mean ± SD. The unpaired t-test compared the same hemispheres between vehicle- and LPC-injected rats (**p < 0.01), and the paired t-test ipsi- and contralateral hemispheres within the same animals (++p < 0.01). Photomicrographs of vehicle- and LPC-injected animals in myelin (D–G) and Nissl (H–K) stains of representative rats. The white arrow points to the ongoing demyelinated area and the presence of gliosis, and the asterisk indicates the area with ongoing myelin alterations accompanied by gliosis. Scale bar: 1 mm (D,E,H,I) and 200 μm (F,G,J,K).
The analysis on Nissl-stained sections revealed increased cell density, which can be attributed to gliosis. The OD analysis on Nissl-stained sections showed that values in both ipsi- (q = 0.0032) and contralateral (q = 0.0085) ROIs of the corpus callosum significantly increased when comparing vehicle and LPC animals (Figure 6C). The increased cell density area overlapped with the demyelinated area (Figures 6G,K) and myelin alterations (Figures 6F,J) observed in myelin staining. These results demonstrate that the persistent demyelination was accompanied by inflammatory processes which were still ongoing at 38 days after the LPC infection.
None of the MRI parameters correlated with the OD of myelin staining in the lesion area in the remyelination phase, however, RD, FA and AD correlated with the OD assessed with Nissl staining (q < 0.05) (Table 2).
Discussion
In the present work, we investigated the capabilities of quantitative RAFF4, MTR, T1sat and DTI metrics to detect LPC-induced demyelination and remyelination in rat brain corpus callosum. We confirmed the previously demonstrated high sensitivity of RAFF4, MTR, and DTI for detecting demyelination (Lehto et al., 2017). This is the first time when RAFF4 was tested for investigating the myelination status during the remyelination phase. Our main finding was that the remyelination phase was associated with a partial recovery of RAFF4, MTR, and T1sat, FA and AD, while RD remained abnormally high and MD showed a complete recovery on day 38 after LPC injection, i.e., a time point when there was histological evidence of marked remyelination and gliosis.
Our results confirmed the sensitivity of RAFF4 and MTR to detect demyelination at 3 days after the LPC injection into the corpus callosum when only mild gliosis was present (Lehto et al., 2017). The demyelination phase was also associated with a distinct pattern in the DTI metric’s changes, namely decreases in FA, AD, and MD, and an increase in RD. In our previous study, the LPC induced demyelination in the corpus callosum was characterized by a clearly decreased myelin content as detected by myelin staining. However, in that study we also observed some remaining disorganized pockets in the myelin sheaths with myelin debris being evident in electron microscopy (Lehto et al., 2017). In the present experiments, the pattern of changes in DTI metrics in demyelination phase, was mostly consistent with our previous work, however, now we did find increased RD, a parameter which was unchanged in our previous study. The present finding is in agreement with the general view that increased RD is an indication of demyelination (Song et al., 2005). The difference to the previous study may originate from differences in LPC patches leading to more severe demyelination. This is also consistent with the somewhat relatively larger changes in RAFF4 and MTR observed in the present study as compared to those reported by Lehto et al. (2017).
The remyelination phase was characterized by a close-to-normal myelin content as confirmed by OD analysis of myelin-stained histological sections. Unlike on day 3, when only very mild gliosis was present, on day 38 increased cellular density was detected in Nissl staining, likely due to gliosis. As increased cellularity affects relaxation, MT and diffusion, this makes the interpretation of the results more complicated, resembling more realistically the human pathology where myelin damage typically triggers gliosis, and thus these pathological features overlap. At the late time point, we observed a recovery of RAFF4 toward the normal values measured in the healthy tissue, which is consistent with remyelination. It has been shown that RAFF4 is sensitive to the correlation time regime in the ms-range (Satzer et al., 2015; Hakkarainen et al., 2016), which likely corresponds to exchange and dipolar interactions of myelin and water as well as dipolar interaction with methylene groups. Therefore, the high sensitivity of RAFF4 to myelin, also during the remyelination phase, was expected.
MT showed a similar recovery toward baseline as RAFF4. However, the relative difference to controls was smaller than in RAFF4, reflecting its lower sensitivity to myelination changes in the demyelination phase. Previously, RAFF4 had been shown to correlate with myelin density to a greater extent than MT in normal brain (Hakkarainen et al., 2016) and in LPC-induced demyelinated lesions in dorsal tegmental tract (dtg) of the rat brain (Lehto et al., 2017). It should be emphasized, however, that there is a distinct difference between relaxation mechanisms during RAFF4 and MT. RAFF4 is a rotating frame method operating in the rotating frame of rank 4, and thus has contributions from longitudinal, T1r, and transverse, T2r, relaxation pathways (Liimatainen et al., 2015). In addition to anisochronous and isochronous exchange and dipolar interactions contributing to RAFF4, RAFF4 share cross-relaxation pathways with MT (van Zijl et al., 2018). Therefore, these two techniques provide only partially overlapping information when characterizing tissue integrity. This substantial distinction in the relaxation mechanisms contributing to RAFF4 and MT is reflected in the differential sensitivity of RAFF4 and MT to demyelination, dismyelination and remyelination processes in the brain (Satzer et al., 2015). It is also worth noting that RAFFn offers the possibility of achieving the desired fictitious field by making use of a frequency swept pulse which improves the flexibility in handling SAR issues in human applications (Liimatainen et al., 2015).
The pattern of changes detected in DTI metrics in the remyelination phase was likely conveying information from multiple factors including the thickness and microstructure of the myelin sheaths as well as the cell density. The partial recoveries of FA and AD are similar to those detected with RAFF4 and may reflect the rebuilding of myelin sheaths and the clearance of the myelin debris. The increase in RD is consistent with the fact that the remyelinated sheaths are structurally different from intact myelin sheaths (Raine, 1984; Oluich et al., 2012; Podbielska et al., 2013; Pfeiffer et al., 2019), i.e., they are likely more permeable to water. MD was the only MRI parameter that returned to the normal level on day 38. It is well known from cancer studies that MD inversely correlates with the cellularity of the tissue (Chenevert et al., 2000) and therefore the increased cellularity due to gliosis likely contributes to the pseudo-normalization of MD. The extension to more complex diffusion MRI models has the potential to extract more specific information related to these processes (Luo et al., 2019).
MRI changes were also detected on the contralateral side of the injection between LPC and vehicle injected animals. This is likely attributable to diffusion of LPC along axons in corpus callosum such that LPC reached also the contralateral side. Interestingly, changes in cell density in Nissl, attributed to gliosis, were pronounced on the contralateral side on day 38, probably explaining the higher sensitivity of diffusion changes than were evident with RAFF4 or MT. None of the MRI parameters correlated significantly with optical density of myelin staining in the remyelination phase. This is likely because the optical densities were close to normal in the lesioned area and therefore there was a narrow range of values both for MRI and optical density. This, together with confounding effect of gliosis on MRI parameters, explains the non-significant correlation values between MRI parameters and myelin density in the remyelination phase, even though there was an evident recovery of MRI parameters, especially RAFF4 and MTR, from demyelination values. The influence of gliosis on diffusion metrics is consistent with the earlier reports of Budde et al. (2011). Consistently, we observed a correlation between cellularity in Nissl staining and diffusion parameters but not with RAFF4 or MT parameters, further emphasizing the different sensitivities of these techniques to detect myelination and cellularity.
One limitation of our study is that in spite of careful manual alignment of histology with MRI by an expert in the field, the partial volume effect and the challenge of selecting the same ROIs in MRI and histology could have influenced our results. In addition, the limited sampling in histology vs. the slice thickness in MRI may have affected our assessments of the correlations.
Conclusion
Our data confirms the sensitivity of RAFF4 and MT for detecting the myelin content in demyelinated lesions, but now reveals that remyelination is associated with a recovery of RAFF4 and MT toward normal values. DTI metrics displayed a distinct pattern of changes in the remyelination phase, likely reflecting on-going changes not only in the myelin content but also in the architecture of the myelin sheaths as well as the presence of gliosis. The combination of RAFF4, MT and DTI has the potential to differentiate between normal, demyelinated and remyelinated axonal bundles and gliosis, thus making possible a unique non-invasive characterization of white matter pathologies in several neurological diseases. Further studies will be required to evaluate the sensitivity of multiple MRI modalities to detect remyelination in areas with more isotropic fiber distributions, where RAFF4 has demonstrated its superiority over DTI (Lehto et al., 2017).
Data Availability Statement
The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article will be made available by the authors, without undue reservation.
Ethics Statement
The animal study was reviewed and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Provincial Government of Southern Finland.
Author Contributions
KH, HL, and RS participated in the design of the work, acquisition, analysis, interpretation of data, and preparing the manuscript. AS, AN, MB, and JV participated in the design of the work and preparing the manuscript. ShM and SiM participated in the design of the work, interpretation of the data and preparing the manuscript. AS and OG participated in the design of the work, analysis, interpretation of data and preparing the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
Funding
This project was received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme Under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 691110 (MICROBRADAM) and Academy of Finland.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We thank Ewen MacDonald Ph.D. for revising the language of the manuscript. The technical assistance with the microinjections, animal handling and histology by Pirjo Hakkarainen and Maarit Pulkkinen is highly appreciated.
Abbreviations
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MR, magnetic resonance; DTI, diffusion tensor imaging; MT, magnetization transfer; RAFF, relaxation along a fictitious field; MTR, magnetization transfer ratio; LPC, lysophosphatidylcholine; MD, mean diffusivity; FA, fractional anisotropy; RD, radial diffusivity; AD, axial diffusivity; FSL, FMRIB’s Software Library; ROI, region of interest; OD, optical density.
Footnotes
References
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Waxman, S. G., Kocsis, J. D., and Nitta, K. C. (1979). Lysophosphatidyl choline-induced focal demyelination in the rabbit corpus callosum. Light-microscopic observations. J. Neurol. Sci. 44, 45–53. doi: 10.1016/0022-510x(79)90221-1
Wilhelm, M. J., Ong, H. H., Wehrli, S. L., Li, C., Tsai, P.-H., Hackney, D. B., et al. (2012). Direct magnetic resonance detection of myelin and prospects for quantitative imaging of myelin density. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109, 9605–9610. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1115107109
Woodruff, R. H., and Franklin, R. J. M. (1999). Demyelination and remyelination of the caudal cerebellar peduncle of adult rats following stereotaxic injections of lysolecithin, ethidium bromide, and complement/anti-galactocerebroside: a comparative study. Glia 25, 216–228. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(19990201)25:3<216::aid-glia2>3.0.co;2-l
Keywords: myelin, demyelination, remyelination, MRI, diffusion, rotating frame relaxation
Citation: Holikova K, Laakso H, Salo R, Shatillo A, Nurmi A, Bares M, Vanicek J, Michaeli S, Mangia S, Sierra A and Gröhn O (2021) RAFF-4, Magnetization Transfer and Diffusion Tensor MRI of Lysophosphatidylcholine Induced Demyelination and Remyelination in Rats. Front. Neurosci. 15:625167. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.625167
Received: 02 November 2020; Accepted: 01 February 2021;
Published: 04 March 2021.
Edited by:
Yu-Chien Wu, Indiana University Bloomington, United StatesReviewed by:
Yunyan Zhang, University of Calgary, CanadaMaria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy, University of São Paulo, Brazil
Copyright © 2021 Holikova, Laakso, Salo, Shatillo, Nurmi, Bares, Vanicek, Michaeli, Mangia, Sierra and Gröhn. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Olli Gröhn, b2xsaS5ncm9obkB1ZWYuZmk=
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SD7086 : The George & Dragon, Dent
taken 12 years ago, near to Dent, Cumbria, England
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The George & Dragon, Dent
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Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research (https://www.pvb.com.br), is a bilingual journal in the form of continuous publication edited by the Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA), in partnership with the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ). The Journal publishes original works of scientific contribution in broad sense pathology in the area of (1) Livestock Diseases, (2) Small Animal Diseases, and (3) Wildlife Medicine.
The abbreviated title of Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira is Pesq. Vet. Bras.
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Universität Rostock, 2021
Abstract: The work addresses simple but efficient model descriptions in a combination with advanced control and estimation approaches to achieve an accurate tracking of the desired trajectories. The proposed control designs are capable of fully exploiting the wide operation range of HSTs within the system configuration limits. A new trajectory planning scheme for the output tracking that uses both the primary and secondary control inputs was developed. Simple models or even purely data-driven models are envisaged and deployed to develop several advanced control approaches for HST systems.
doctoral thesis free access
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This sentence was initially added as a translation of sentence #6814780Sie gestatten?.
license chosen by Mithridates, November 23, 2018
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Matt Rempe joined his rookie season with the New York Rangers during the Stadium Series against the New York Islanders. Rempe is 6 foot 7 inch, 240 lbs forward, with aggressive play on the ice. His National Hockey League (NHL) debut began in late February. Within his first ten games, he has managed to be in four fights, 54 penalty minutes and two ejections. Rempe is one of the most discussed players in the league. He is gaining a reputation as what fans would call an enforcer.
Throughout the years, the enforcer title has been slowly phased out. This isn’t to say that players will not drop their gloves or play a physical game, but Rempe has put himself into a different category.
“His coach needs to get a grip on the number of hits he has,” senior Riley Friedman said. “He can end up being a really good player, but if his style of play stays the same, I think it could be a big issue.”
Being a Ranger for less than a month, Rempe had been suspended for the four consecutive games due to his brutal hit on Mar. 11th against New Jersey Devils player Jonas Siegenthaler. He was charged with misconduct in the second period of the 3-1 Rangers win against the Devils. Sigenthalar had just taken a shot in the attack zone when Rempe skated over to him and threw his elbow onto Sigenthalar’s head. After further review, the officials gave the Rangers a five-minute penalty. This didn’t put the Rangers at a disadvantage due to their strong team this season.
After the game, a March 12 ESPN article confirmed that Devils coach Travis Green wanted Rempe to be suspended. Green believed that Rempe had intent to injure the Devil’s defensemen. Although people can argue that the contact was inevitable since Rempe was bracing himself for the boards, the NHL Department of Safety ruled that Rempe raised his arm, resulting in his mischeck.
“He’s going to be a menace in the league,” Toronto Maples Leafs player Ryan Reaves said. “He’s like 6-9 or something. He’s just really lanky, for sure the biggest guy I ever fought.”
Often, Rempe is compared to Ryan Reaves, an enforcer with over 75 NHL fights. Reaves used to be the enforcer on the Rangers, so when they were playing against each other, they got into a brawl.
Fan’s concerns are being raised about the extent of his fights. Physical players in sports, especially NHL enforcers, have shorter life spans simply for the player’s safety. This is mainly due to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Statistically, an enforcer does not generate many points and isn’t a consistent part of the team, according to a March 5 article from The Guardian.
Rempemania has taken over the fanbase as they cheer for their rookie. Despite the concerns, Rangers fans have been all about Rempe. They advocate that fighting is a critical part of the game. Players and fans have seen the increased energy every time Rempe steps on the ice, indicating that this enforcer will do the Rangers justice.
“I love him, he’s a great player,” senior Luke Romano said. “He will definitely give us some great grit in the playoffs.”
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S1 Data -
Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behavior. The declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020 resulted in significant changes in daily life due to restrictive measures. This period posed particular challenges for families with children living with autism, given the limitations in medical care and social services.
Objective
This study aimed to understand how families with autistic children perceive stress during the pandemic and the coping strategies employed in unexpected situations.
Method
A total of 44 families with children with ASD and 300 control families, including 44 control families in a matched subsample, were included in the study. To assess stress and parental coping with COVID-19-related stress, the Responses to Stress Questionnaire (Adult Self-Report RSQ–COVID-19) was utilized.
Results
Caregivers of autistic children experienced significantly higher stress levels (p = .027, d = 0.479) during the pandemic, with notable stressors such as limited access to medical care and challenges associated with remote work. Despite expectations, coping strategy differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Families and supporters of children with autism naturally encounter various experiences and challenges stemming from their additional needs. Our study’s results highlight an accentuation of stress during challenging situations. As these situations may recur in the future, there is a need to design and implement support plans for these families, appropriate intervention programs, and preparations for the utilization of telemedicine tools.
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The NBER Innovation Information Initiative (I3), a data collaborative for open innovation data and related analytics, tools, and metrics, is starting a graduate student fellows program to promote contributions to open innovation data.
This summer, the I3 will award five fellowships of $1500 each to graduate students in economics, innovation or related fields. The fellowships aim to broaden the range of datasets and tools made accessible to the innovation research community, and to support a new generation of researchers in producing and sharing high-quality, re-usable research data and code. Applications are due May 25, 2023.
Fellowships will support students to:
(1) contribute new datasets, with notes, code and/or metadata to the I3 Index, an open-source platform for sharing innovation data.
(2) develop "user guides'' documenting how to use specific datasets; and/or describing challenges and opportunities in working with specific types of data, tackling specific types of problems, linking specific datasets etc.
The fellowships will run from June-November 2023, with a time commitment of no more than 30 hours. Members of the I3 steering committee will provide feedback and be available to answer questions before the submission of the final deliverable. As part of the program, we will also run workshops on research data skills and tools---in the model of Carpentries workshops previously organized for the I3---which the fellows are encouraged to attend.
As this is the first time the program has run, the remit is quite open-ended, and we are excited for students to shape the output. If you have ideas for projects beyond the types described above, feel free to contact Bhaven Sampat ([email protected]) and/or Agnes Cameron ([email protected]), or just submit.
Please submit your proposal using this google form by May 25, 2023.
Chosen fellows can be in any country (though the workshops will be held in European/EST time zones), and should currently be studying for a masters or PhD (applications also accepted from anyone who has graduated in the past 6 months).
Update: presentations about the work will be shared at the 2023 Technical Working Group, and a report linked to from here.
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About Antimatter
Antimatter, a UK melancholic rock band, is the project of longtime member Mick Moss. The project was formed in 1997 by Duncan Patterson (former bassist/songwriter of Anathema) and Moss. The pair released three albums together - Saviour, Lights Out and Planetary Confinement. Shortly after the completion of Planetary Confinement, Patterson left to start another band called Íon. Moss continued and released the project’s fourth album, Leaving Eden, following with 2009’s 'Live@An Club', (released on his own label Music In Stone), 2010's Alternative Matter and 2012's Fear Of A Unique Identity. Most recently Moss has released the 6th Antimatter album, The Judas Table, in 2015.
The earlier Antimatter albums, Saviour and Lights Out, focused on melodic vocal lines (often by guest female vocalists), dark electronica and balanced on the borderline between gothic and trip hop. Planetary Confinement marked the start of a shift towards more of an acoustic based melancholic rock sound. Leaving Eden, with Mick Moss as the only songwriter and singer, continues in this direction and also gives electric guitars a more prominent role. The result is a heavier sounding album, with little trace of the ambient sound of early Antimatter. The album Fear Of A Unique Identity presents a more layered, energetic picture, mixing all of Antimatter's past textures with a New Wave feel.
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Groups: Environment and Energy Formats: HTML Tags: fire Organizations: Environment and Climate Change
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Energy production – mainly the burning of fossil fuels – accounts for around three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions. Not only is energy production the largest driver of climate change, but the burning of fossil fuels and biomass also comes at a large cost to human health: at least five million deaths are attributed to air pollution each year.
The world therefore needs to shift away from fossil fuels to an energy mix dominated by low-carbon sources of energy – renewable technologies and nuclear power.
What does our energy mix look like today? What countries have the 'cleanest' energy mix? And are we making progress in shifting towards a low-carbon energy system?
This article focuses on the breakdown of energy sources: how they vary across the world and how this is changing over time.
In the energy domain, there are many different units thrown around – joules, exajoules, million tonnes of oil equivalents, barrel equivalents, British thermal units, and terawatt-hours, to name a few. This can be confusing, and make comparisons difficult. So at Our World in Data, we try to maintain consistency by converting all energy data to watt-hours. We do this to compare energy data across different metrics and sources.
Today when we think about energy mixes we think about a diverse range of sources – coal, oil, gas, nuclear, hydropower, solar, wind, and biofuels. But If we look back a couple of centuries ago, our energy mixes were relatively homogeneous. And the transition from one source to another was incredibly slow.
In the chart shown we see global primary energy consumption dating back to the year 1800. This earlier data is sourced from Vaclav Smil's work Energy Transitions: Global and National Perspectives.1 Data from 1965 onwards comes from the latest release of Energy Institute’s Statistical Review of World Energy.2
We see that until the mid-19th century, traditional biomass – the burning of solid fuels such as wood, crop waste, or charcoal – was the dominant energy source used worldwide. But with the Industrial Revolution came the rise of coal; followed by oil, gas; and hydropower by the turn of the 20th century.
It wasn't until the 1960s that nuclear energy was added to the mix. What is often referred to as 'modern renewables' – solar and wind – were only added much later, in the 1980s.
What Vaclav Smil – and other researchers studying these long-term energy transitions across countries – highlights in his work is the slow rate at which energy transitions have occurred in the past. The speed and scale of the energy transition we need today in switching from fossil fuels to low-carbon energy is therefore a new challenge, very different from the past.
Let's look at our energy mix today, and explore what sources we draw upon.
In the interactive chart shown, we see the primary energy mix broken down by fuel or generation source.
Globally we get the largest amount of our energy from oil, followed by coal, gas, and hydroelectric power. However, other renewable sources are now growing quickly.
These charts show the breakdown of the energy mix by country. First is the higher-level breakdown by fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewables. Then the specific breakdown by source, including coal, gas, oil, nuclear, hydro, solar, wind, and other renewables (which include bioenergy, wave, and tidal).
This is given in terms of per capita consumption.
Around three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels for energy.3 To reduce global emissions we need to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels to low-carbon energy sources. We need to ‘decarbonize’.
How big is this challenge? How much of our energy currently comes from low-carbon sources?
In this chart, we see the breakdown of global primary energy consumption.4
Here we take primary energy based on the ‘substitution method’ for energy accounting. For those interested in energy accounting methods, at the end of this post, we look at comparisons of direct versus substitution methods. The quick summary is that this accounting method tries to account for the energy lost from the inefficiencies in fossil fuel production and aims to provide the appropriate comparison of how much more low-carbon energy we would need to replace fossil fuels in the energy mix. It’s one of the preferred accounting methods used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).5
Approximately one-sixth of global primary energy comes from low-carbon sources. Low-carbon sources are the sum of nuclear energy and renewables – which includes hydropower, wind, solar, bioenergy, geothermal, and wave and tidal.6
Hydropower and nuclear account for most of our low-carbon energy, but wind and solar are growing quickly.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from low-carbon sources across countries.
Globally, our progress in shifting towards a low-carbon economy has been slow. That may leave us pessimistic about a path forward. But some countries – often some of the world’s richest countries who have high carbon footprints – show us that significant progress on decarbonizing our energy systems is possible. They still have a long way to go but are moving in the right direction.
Poorer countries face a bigger challenge: they must grow their economies, giving their populations access to energy, and healthcare and alleviating poverty whilst avoiding the carbon-intensive pathways today’s rich countries have taken. To do this, they need clean energy to be cheap, undercutting fossil fuel alternatives. In this regard, the world’s richest countries also have a role to play: the scale-up of low-carbon energy should help to drive down costs. We have already seen this effect with the rapid decline in solar prices in recent years.
Three-quarters of global greenhouse gas emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels for energy.7 To tackle climate change, we must transition away from fossil fuels and decarbonize our energy systems.
The world now gets approximately one-sixth of its energy from low-carbon sources – either nuclear or renewables. How has this changed over time?
Does our track record give us reason to be optimistic that we can quickly decarbonize?
In the chart below we see the share of global energy that comes from low-carbon sources. We’ve certainly made progress since half a century ago: while global energy consumption increased almost 4-fold, the share of low-carbon sources has nearly tripled.
In the chart, we see the share of global energy that comes from fossil fuels, renewables, and nuclear. The sum of the top two is what we want to increase.
Part of this slow progress is due to the fact that much of the gains made in renewables have been offset by a decline in nuclear energy. Renewables have been growing while nuclear has been rolled back.8
Overall, this means that the combined share from low-carbon sources has increased by less than we might have expected. Having renewables and nuclear pulling in the same direction would certainly have helped. But it wouldn’t be enough: the rate of progress would still have been slow.
But we’re still fooling ourselves in looking at this progress through the lens of what share of our energy is low-carbon.
When it comes to greenhouse gas emissions, the atmosphere does not care about shares, only absolutes. That is what ultimately determines the amount of CO2 we emit, and the rate at which it accumulates in the atmosphere.
Global energy consumption is not stagnant, but growing. And in the past years, it has been growing too quickly for renewables and nuclear to keep up.
In the chart here we see primary energy consumption in absolute terms for each source. We continue to produce more energy from fossil fuels – particularly oil and gas – each year.
Low-carbon energy is certainly growing across the world – undoubtedly a sign of progress.
Decarbonization is happening. But not nearly fast enough. To achieve the necessary progress for the climate, we need to see its growth not only meet our new energy demands each year but also start displacing existing fossil fuels in the energy mix much faster.
Fossil fuels are the sum of coal, oil, and gas. Combined, they are the largest source of global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). We therefore want to shift our energy systems away from fossil fuels towards low-carbon energy sources.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas summed together) across the world.
Coal has been a critical energy source and a mainstay in global energy production for centuries.
But it's also the most polluting energy source: both in terms of the amount of CO2 it produces per unit of energy, and the amount of local air pollution it creates. Moving away from coal energy is important for climate change as well as human health.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from coal across the world.
Oil is the world's largest energy source today. It is the dominant source of energy for the transport sector in particular.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from oil across the world.
Natural gas has, for decades, lagged behind coal and oil as an energy source. But today its consumption is growing rapidly – often as a replacement for coal in the energy mix. Gas is a major provider of electricity production and a key source of heat.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from gas across the world.
Nuclear energy – alongside hydropower – has been a key source of low-carbon energy for many countries across the world in recent decades. But there are large differences in the role of nuclear – some countries rely heavily on it for energy production; others produce no energy at all from it.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from nuclear in each country.
Renewable energy is a collective term used to capture several different energy sources. 'Renewables' typically include hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, and wave and tidal energy.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from renewables (the sum of all renewable energy technologies) across the world.
The share of energy we get from individual renewable technologies – solar, or wind, for example – is given in the sections below.
Hydroelectric power has been an influential low-carbon energy technology for many countries for over half a century. Globally, it is still the largest source of renewable energy.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from hydropower across the world.
Solar energy is a relatively new energy technology but is growing very quickly.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from solar technologies across the world.
This interactive map shows the share of primary energy that comes from wind (both onshore and offshore) across the world.
Endnotes
Vaclav Smil (2017). Energy Transitions: Global and National Perspectives.
Note that this data presents primary energy consumption via the ‘substitution method’. The ‘substitution method’ – in comparison to the ‘direct method’ – attempts to correct for the inefficiencies (energy wasted as heat during combustion) in fossil fuel and biomass conversion. It does this by correcting nuclear and modern renewable technologies to their ‘primary input equivalents’ if the same quantity of energy would be produced from fossil fuels.
The remaining quarter comes from industrial processes (such as cement production), agriculture, land use change, and waste.
This is based on primary energy data published annually in the Energy Institute’s Statistical Review of World Energy.
Krey V., O. Masera, G. Blanford, T. Bruckner, R. Cooke, K. Fisher-Vanden, H. Haberl, E. Hertwich, E. Kriegler, D. Mueller, S. Paltsev, L. Price, S. Schlömer, D. Ürge-Vorsatz, D. van Vuuren, and T. Zwickel, 2014: Annex II: Metrics & Methodology. In: Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Edenhofer, O., R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, A. Adler, I. Baum, S. Brunner, P. Eickemeier, B. Kriemann, J. Savolainen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow, T. Zwickel and J.C. Minx (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
The emissions from these sources are not necessarily zero – the mining of materials, production, maintenance, and decommissioning of these technologies may produce some carbon, but per unit of energy this is very small relative to fossil fuels. Schlömer S., T. Bruckner, L. Fulton, E. Hertwich, A. McKinnon, D. Perczyk, J. Roy, R. Schaeffer, R. Sims, P. Smith, and R. Wiser, 2014: Annex III: Technology-specific cost and performance parameters. In: Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Edenhofer, O., R. Pichs-Madruga, Y. Sokona, E. Farahani, S. Kadner, K. Seyboth, A. Adler, I. Baum, S. Brunner, P. Eickemeier, B. Kriemann, J. Savolainen, S. Schlömer, C. von Stechow, T. Zwickel and J.C. Minx (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
The remaining quarter comes from industrial processes (mainly cement production), agriculture, land use change, and waste.
This is even clearer when we focus on global electricity production: nuclear declined almost as much as renewables gained.
Cite this work
Our articles and data visualizations rely on work from many different people and organizations. When citing this article, please also cite the underlying data sources. This article can be cited as:
Hannah Ritchie and Pablo Rosado (2020) - “Energy Mix” Published online at OurWorldinData.org. Retrieved from: 'https://ourworldindata.org/energy-mix' [Online Resource]
BibTeX citation
@article{owid-energy-mix,
author = {Hannah Ritchie and Pablo Rosado},
title = {Energy Mix},
journal = {Our World in Data},
year = {2020},
note = {https://ourworldindata.org/energy-mix}
}
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GET INTO IT! EPISODE #46
JASON HOOK'S PUNK/HARDCORE/METAL PODCAST BEAMED DIRECT FROM THE SOUTH SHORE OF MA!
JASON HOOK'S PUNK/HARDCORE/METAL PODCAST BEAMED DIRECT FROM THE SOUTH SHORE OF MA!
Warthog by Warthog A bit of the ol’ WARTHOG from a little ways back via STATIC SHOCK/TOXIC STATE. The stream of EPs…
A record whose bite is considerably worse than its bark. It’s condensed, fierce, and charged with as much socially pointed savagery as…
DAN SHEA is the Director of the 501(c)(3) non-profit BRAIN Arts Org and fills many roles in helping run its many projects (this website,…
One of the most hyped bands of 2014, Ajax follows up their Bleach For Breakfast demo with a self-titled five song 7”…
Iron Lung Records has been on fire in 2014, with new releases from S.H.I.T. and Warthog, the debut album by Demonbrother, an…
Pregnancy Scares’ Mind Control EP is another hit in a year of great punk albums coming out on Canada’s Deranged Records, who…
NYC has been a busy place, pumping out more punk and hardcore bands than non-locals can easily keep up with, from…
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Latn
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| 0.993182 |
芝麻 zhīma
zhīma
noun
sesame
Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语
, Subdomain: Food and Drink
, Concept: Condiments 作料
Notes: (CC-CEDICT '芝麻'; Guoyu '芝麻'; Mathews 1931 '芝麻', p. 130; Wikipedia '芝麻')
Contained in
- 陈谷子烂芝麻(陳谷子爛芝麻) stale grain, overcooked sesame; the same boring old gossip
- 芝麻酱(芝麻醬) sesame paste
- 芝麻官 low ranking official; petty bureaucrat
- 芝麻秸 sesame straw
- 芝麻饼(芝麻餅) sesame biscuit
- 芝麻油 sesame oil
- 芝麻绿豆(芝麻綠豆) trivial; minute (size)
- 芝麻小事 trivial matter; trifle
- 捡了芝麻丢了西瓜(撿了芝麻丟了西瓜) to let go of the big prize while grabbing at trifles
- 芝麻包 sesame bun
Word is mentioned most frequently in
Truncated for common words
- 卷四十二 本紀第四十二: 順帝五 Volume 42 Annals 42: Shundi 5 History of Yuan 元史 — count: 2
- 卷一百三十八 列傳第二十五: 康里脫脫 燕鐵木兒 伯顏 馬札兒台 脫脫 Volume 138 Biographies 25: Kanglituotuo, El Temür, Bayan, Mazhaertai, Toqto'a History of Yuan 元史 — count: 2
- 卷四十三 志第二十四: 輿服上 天子車輅、皇后妃嬪車輦、皇太子車制、王公以下車制及鞍勒飾 輿服中 天子袞冕 視朝之服 皇后冠服 皇太子冠服 宗室及外戚並一品命婦 臣下朝服 祭服 公服 輿服下 衣服通制 Volume 43 Treatises 24: Carriages and Clothing 1 - Emperor's Carriages, Empress' and Consorts' Carriages; Crown Prince's Carriages; Princes, Dukes, and below Carriages and Saddlery; Carriages and Clothing 2 - Emperors' Robes and Crowns; Clothing for those Accompanying the Emperor; Empresses' Crown and Clothing; Crown Princes' Crown and Clothing; Dress for the Imperial Clan, Families of Imperial Consorts, and Titled Nobility; Court Dress for Officials; Ceremonial Clothing; Official Clothing; Carriages and Clothing 3 - Tailoring History of Jin 金史 — count: 2
- 卷一百三十四 列傳第二十二 何文輝 葉旺 馬雲 繆大亨 蔡遷 王銘 甯正 金興旺 花茂 丁玉 郭雲 Volume 134 Biographies 22: He Wenhui, Ye Wang, Ma Yun, Miao Daheng, Cai Qian, Wang Ming, Ning Zheng, Jin Xingwang, Hua Mao, Ding Yu, Guo Yun History of Ming 明史 — count: 1
- 卷八十四 志第六十 河渠二 Volume 84 Treatises 60: Rivers and Canals 2 History of Ming 明史 — count: 1
- 卷一百八十三 列傳第七十: 王守誠 王思誠 李好文 孛朮魯翀 李泂 蘇天爵 Volume 183 Biographies 70: Wang Shoucheng, Wang Sicheng, Li Haowen, Bei Pailuchong, Li Jiong, Su Tianjue History of Yuan 元史 — count: 1
- 卷一百四十二 列傳第二十九: 答失八都魯 慶童 也速 徹里帖木兒 納麟 Volume 142 Biographies 29: Dashibadoulu, Qingtong, Yesu, Chelitiemuer, Nalin History of Yuan 元史 — count: 1
- 第七十回 Chapter 70 Journey to the West 西遊記 — count: 1
- 卷三百十二 列傳第二百 四川土司二 Volume 312 Biographies 200: Sichuan Tribal Headmen 2 History of Ming 明史 — count: 1
- 第三回 Chapter 3 Water Margin 水滸傳 — count: 1
Collocations
- 芝麻李 (芝麻李) 李二號芝麻李 — History of Yuan 元史, 卷四十二 本紀第四十二: 順帝五 Volume 42 Annals 42: Shundi 5 — count: 7
- 芝麻罗 (芝麻羅) 七品服緋芝麻羅 — History of Jin 金史, 卷四十三 志第二十四: 輿服上 天子車輅、皇后妃嬪車輦、皇太子車制、王公以下車制及鞍勒飾 輿服中 天子袞冕 視朝之服 皇后冠服 皇太子冠服 宗室及外戚並一品命婦 臣下朝服 祭服 公服 輿服下 衣服通制 Volume 43 Treatises 24: Carriages and Clothing 1 - Emperor's Carriages, Empress' and Consorts' Carriages; Crown Prince's Carriages; Princes, Dukes, and below Carriages and Saddlery; Carriages and Clothing 2 - Emperors' Robes and Crowns; Clothing for those Accompanying the Emperor; Empresses' Crown and Clothing; Crown Princes' Crown and Clothing; Dress for the Imperial Clan, Families of Imperial Consorts, and Titled Nobility; Court Dress for Officials; Ceremonial Clothing; Official Clothing; Carriages and Clothing 3 - Tailoring — count: 3
- 芝麻糖 (芝麻糖) 芝麻糖 — The Scholars 儒林外史, 第十四回 Chapter 14 — count: 2
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Values-Enacted Leadership
The themes of the 2022 Honors Leadership Conference were: Building Community, Being a Scholar, and Presenting Yourself. In my opening remarks to our first-year honors students, I focused on values-enacted leadership and the importance of…
Christopher LongMarch 20, 2022
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Free PSD shows of Pizza Boxes Mock-up. The PSD file is easy and fully editable with smart objects.
Format : PSD
License: CC BY 4.0
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https://w3id.org/arco/resource/Profession/incisore-caricaturista
data from the linked data cloud
Licensed under
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International
(CC BY-SA 4.0). For exceptions see
here
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Access restriction
There is no access restriction for this record.Copyright
Public Domain Mark 1.0. You can find more information here.Is part of
Cite and reuse
Here you will find download options and citation links to the record and current image.
Monograph
Other
Image
Citation links
Citation recommendation
https://dfg-viewer.de/show?set[mets]=https%3A%2F%2Fdlc.mpg.de%2Fsourcefile%3Fid%3Dmpirg_escidoc_104153&set[image]=41
Object: Fernández Hontoria García de la Hoz, Ramón: Tema: El anarquismo contemporáneo: sindicalismo revolucionario
Use the mouse to select the image area you want to share.
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You're viewing Apigee Edge documentation.
Go to the
Apigee X documentation. info
On January 22, 2020, we released a new version of Apigee Edge for Private Cloud.
Update procedure
To update your installation, perform the following procedure on the Edge nodes:
-
On all Edge nodes:
- Clean the Yum repos:
sudo yum clean all
- Download the latest Edge 4.19.01
bootstrap_4.19.01.sh
file to/tmp/bootstrap_4.19.01.sh
:curl https://software.apigee.com/bootstrap_4.19.01.sh -o /tmp/bootstrap_4.19.01.sh
- Install the Edge 4.19.01
apigee-service
utility and dependencies:sudo bash /tmp/bootstrap_4.19.01.sh apigeeuser=uName apigeepassword=pWord
Where uName:pWord are the username and password you received from Apigee. If you omit pWord, you will be prompted to enter it.
- Update the
apigee-setup
utility:sudo /opt/apigee/apigee-service/bin/apigee-service apigee-setup update
- Use the
source
command to execute theapigee-service.sh
script:source /etc/profile.d/apigee-service.sh
- Clean the Yum repos:
- Update all Message Processor, Router, and Management Server nodes. On each node, execute the
following command:
/opt/apigee/apigee-setup/bin/update.sh -c edge -f configFile
Where configFile specifies the configuration file that you used to install Edge.
Deprecations and retirements
None.
Bugs fixed
The following table lists the bugs fixed in this release:
Issue ID | Description |
---|---|
147077868 | Increased latency There was an increase in target latency after a recent update which negatively affected API performance. |
145057629 139337568 |
Security vulnerabilities in Message Processors Updated Message Processors to address security vulnerabilities. |
140948100 | Shared flows not executing Bundles with shared flows that were deployed from a different region were not executing on some MPs. |
137238775 | TLS failures with TLS certificates were failing when the Router configuration included the
137173422 | API calls to updated deployments with SharedFlow After updating a deployment with a SharedFlow, API calls to the following path were failing: /org/organization_name/sharedflows/sharedflow_ID/deployments |
136190115 | PHP package errors caused installation failures Attempts to install portal with version 4.19.01 were failing with PHP package errors. |
135972575 | Slow Deployment API response time with Calls to the Deployment API with
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You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason:
Your username or IP address has been automatically blocked by MediaWiki. The reason given is:
Your current IP address is 22.214.171.124. Please include all above details in any queries you make.
You can view and copy the source of this page.
Return to Miyuki Sawashiro.
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Please check the licence indicated above before making any further use of the publication. When citing this publication, we recommend the citation quoted below (which may be changed if necessary).
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Key topics and considerations in this lesson include:
- an introduction to community engagement and the history of community engagement
- an overview of the International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) community engagement spectrum
- an introduction to the key principles of community engagement with specific examples of these principles in action
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3614Collective labour agreements
- Institutions that intervene
- MTAS
- Works that will be carried out in the year 2003
- Management, compilation and coordination.
- Continuous collection of statistical information.
- Data processing.
- Monthly dissemination of accumulated preview data for the year 2003, and dissemination of the final data for 2001, in June of 2003.
- Budgetary credits necessary for its finance in the year 2003 (in thousands euros)
-
85.94
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I don’t know the exact video I saw this in, or if it’s relevant, but there was an out of bounds video on the area where you fight Yozora. There were all these neon signs on the buildings and one (or two it’s been a while since I watched the video) had a meow wow on it
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Robert McNair Price (born July 7, 1954) is an American theologian and writer, known for arguing against the existence of a historical Jesus (the Christ myth theory). He taught philosophy and religion at the Johnnie Colemon Theological Seminary. He is a professor of biblical criticism at the Center for Inquiry Institute, and the author of a number of books on theology and the historicity of Jesus. Price is a fellow of the Jesus Seminar, a group of 150 writers and scholars who study the historicity of Jesus, the organizer of a Web community for those interested in the history of Christianity, and sits on the advisory board of the Secular Student Alliance. He is a religious skeptic, especially of orthodox Christian beliefs, occasionally describing himself as a Christian atheist.
3002 views · 1 day ago | Tag Type:
Name
Search Results for 'ROBERT PRICE'
Videos on 'ROBERT PRICE' (14)
2:20:29
6414 views · 1 hr ago |
9 years ago
1 of 14
6414
1456185600
1733915958
Christian Dilemmas: Secret History of the Bible - Marshall Payn & Robert Price
008429
1
8:56
9924 views · 4 hrs ago |
9 years ago
2 of 14
9924
1456185600
1733905692
Apostle Paul was the Antichrist according to Early Christians (Matthew 5:17) - Robert Price
000536
2
8:15
5499 views · 1 hr ago |
9 years ago
3 of 14
5499
1456185600
1733916126
What did Jesus say on the Cross? - Marshall Payn & Robert Price
000495
3
2:34:10
4137 views · 2 hrs ago |
8 years ago
4 of 14
4137
1493856000
1733914275
Did Jesus Exist? - Bart Ehrman vs Robert Price
009250
4
6:40
3685 views · 11 hrs ago |
8 years ago
5 of 14
3685
1493856000
1733882509
Mistakes in the Bible - Marshall Payn & Robert Price
000400
5
10:32
2707 views · 21 hrs ago |
7 years ago
6 of 14
2707
1504459806
1733844318
Jesus was a historical figure who was mythologized. Fiction like 'Superman' - Robert Price
000632
6
12:14
3976 views · 22 hrs ago |
7 years ago
7 of 14
3976
1504459815
1733841011
Early Christianity was a different religion to different people - Robert Price
000734
7
19:03
3800 views · 18 hrs ago |
7 years ago
8 of 14
3800
1512415573
1733856988
My Search for Gospel Truth - Robert Price
001143
8
34:26
2471 views · 6 hrs ago |
7 years ago
9 of 14
2471
1523612633
1733901182
Jesus and The Sons of God - Robert Price & Robert Miller
002066
9
4:42
2505 views · 7 hrs ago |
7 years ago
10 of 14
2505
1524784589
1733895856
Jesus is no different to any other 'Dying & Rising' God - Robert Price
000282
10
1:47
3428 views · 15 hrs ago |
5 years ago
11 of 14
3428
1566370305
1733867873
The Gospels do not explicitly claim Jesus is coming back - Robert Price
000107
11
1:42
6071 views · 2 hrs ago |
5 years ago
12 of 14
6071
1566242728
1733915323
In Mark 15:35, on his Crucifixion, Jesus cried out to Elijah, the Sun God (Helios) - Robert Price
000102
12
32:15
3542 views · 9 hrs ago |
5 years ago
13 of 14
3542
1570473427
1733890505
Pagan Dying & Rising Gods parallel the Jesus' story - Robert Price 1/2
001935
13
30:23
3109 views · 1 day ago |
5 years ago
14 of 14
3109
1570473438
1733834504
Pagan Dying & Rising Gods parallel the Jesus' story - Robert Price 2/2
001823
14
The above search results may not be entirely accurate or suitable. All video search results are automatically generated using a string matching technique. This requires finding strings and/or phrases that match a pattern approximately, rather than exactly.
Search again?.
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Project Archive
Videos tagged with Finalist and Wildfire Science And Prevention Project and Creative Storm 2022
2 videos
- How To Prepare For A Wildfire (Tagged with: Creative Storm '22, Finalist, student, Wildfire Science And Prevention Project - Videos in this list also tagged with: student)
- The Wildfire Triangle (Tagged with: Contest Winner, Creative Storm '22, Finalist, student, Wildfire Science And Prevention Project - Videos in this list also tagged with: Contest Winner, student)
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A new study looking at the economic costs and consequences of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has concluded that governments reap long-term economic benefits from funding ART services.
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Infertility and Society Task Force, who published the report, found that how ART treatment is funded and subsidised is an important control on its use, treatment choices available, embryo transfer practices and, ultimately, multiple birth rates.
The authors report that governments receive the equivalent of an eight-fold return on investment 30 years after a child conceived by IVF enters the workforce, given it costs approximately €15,000 to conceive an IVF child. The authors argue that this high estimated return on investment for ART children could mean it makes good clinical and economic sense to provide affordable treatment for those who need it.
Affordability is a powerful determinant of whether couples pursue ART treatment. Public funding of ART ranges from virtually no subsidy in the US to funding of a limited number of cycles based on female age in most European countries.
The cost, as a proportion of an individual's annual disposable income, of a single ART cycle can range from 50 per cent in the US to 20 per cent in the UK. After government subsidies, the costs in the US remained unchanged, whereas those in the UK fell to 12 per cent.
Affordability can influence clinical practice: the financial incentive to achieve pregnancy in a limited number of cycles can lead to the transfer of multiple embryos.
Affordability also influences consumer behaviour. The authors found that patients lacking financial support often sought cross-border reproductive treatment in countries with cheaper or less restrictive services than those in their native country. The risks of this lie in potentially lower standards of care and less responsible embryo transfer practices.
In addition to this, there is evidence that lack of affordable treatment encourages patients and clinicians to opt for cheaper fertility treatments such as stimulated intrauterine insemination and ovulation stimulation. These often less regulated procedures have less controllable means of minimising multiple births.
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313
Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities
Rawa S. Mohammed
[email protected]
Nareen K. Saeed
[email protected]
Salwah A. Ameen
[email protected]
Salahaldeen University
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Educational, behavior
self-regulation teaching
A R T I C L E INFO
Article history:
Received 10 Jan 2018
Accepted 15 Mar 2018
Available online
Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities
Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities
Educational behavior and
its relation to self-egulation
when teaching basic
education
A B S T R A C T
The study is aimed at the realization of teachers' classroom
educational performance at the basic schools in Erbil city;
also,it is to the identification of the relationship between
teachers' educational performance and personality
according to the male-female and years of service
The study is limited to the teachers of social sciences
module of the seventh grades in Erbil city in 2017-2018.
The descriptive approach is conducted in the process of
writing, in which the participants are the in-service
teachers of socialsciences of the seventh grades. The
number of the participants are two hundred teachers of
basic schools in Erbil city, the tools are designed to A-
Measure the educational behaviour, it is relied on
(Alahmedi. 2005), it consists of 47 items of five different
topics; B-to measure the teachers' personality that relied
on the (Alaithawi, 2014) in which it consists of 36 items.
The face validity is achieved, since the tools were
subjected to the corrections and changes made by some
experts and scholars of the education research. The
reliability of both of the tools is achieved and measured
by the Pearson correlations, the reliability of the of the
educational performancetool is 0,81 and the personality
tool.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.25.9.2018.13
200
314
315
Dirkheim
)
316
Mcinerney, et al,1997,p87(
Zimmerman,2001,p25
-
-
317
Behaviour
-
-
Educational Behaviour
-Regulation-Self
Bandura
Bandura,1991,p2-3
-
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1974:190
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19-Mclnerney&ET,”Effects ofmetacognitive strategy training
within A cooperative group learning context o computer
achievement and anxiety:An aptitude-treutment interaction
study journal of Educational Psychology,89(4),(1997)
20-Bandura ,A(1991) : Social Cognitive Theory of Moral
Thought and Action In:Handbook of Moral Behavior and
Development,Kurtines WM and Gerwitz SL VOL
.1,Hillsdale,NJ:Erlbaum.
341
21-Thoresen ,C.E & Mahoney ,M.J (1974) Behavioral self-
control , NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston
22-Truch, S. (1980): Teacher Burnout Norate Calif, Academic
Publication.
23-Zimmerman(2001):Theories Of Self-Regulated Learning And
Academic A chievement:Anover View And Analysis.In
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Prevalence rate of cardiovascular diseases
About this data
Sources and processing
This data is based on the following sources
How we process data at Our World in Data
All data and visualizations on Our World in Data rely on data sourced from one or several original data providers. Preparing this original data involves several processing steps. Depending on the data, this can include standardizing country names and world region definitions, converting units, calculating derived indicators such as per capita measures, as well as adding or adapting metadata such as the name or the description given to an indicator.
At the link below you can find a detailed description of the structure of our data pipeline, including links to all the code used to prepare data across Our World in Data.
Reuse this work
- All data produced by third-party providers and made available by Our World in Data are subject to the license terms from the original providers. Our work would not be possible without the data providers we rely on, so we ask you to always cite them appropriately (see below). This is crucial to allow data providers to continue doing their work, enhancing, maintaining and updating valuable data.
- All data, visualizations, and code produced by Our World in Data are completely open access under the Creative Commons BY license. You have the permission to use, distribute, and reproduce these in any medium, provided the source and authors are credited.
Citations
How to cite this page
To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by Our World in Data, please use the following citation:
“Data Page: Prevalence rate of cardiovascular diseases”, part of the following publication: Esteban Ortiz-Ospina and Max Roser (2016) - “Global Health”. Data adapted from IHME, Global Burden of Disease. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prevalence-rate-of-cardiovascular-disease [online resource]
How to cite this data
In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:
IHME, Global Burden of Disease (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Full citation
IHME, Global Burden of Disease (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. “Prevalence rate of cardiovascular diseases” [dataset]. IHME, Global Burden of Disease, “Global Burden of Disease - Prevalence and Incidence” [original data]. Retrieved December 12, 2024 from https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/prevalence-rate-of-cardiovascular-disease
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In this report, we introduce HunyuanVideo, an innovative open-source video foundation model that demonstrates performance in video generation comparable to, or even surpassing, that of leading closed-source models.
To effectively solve the indirect elemental interactions across chunks in the dual-path architecture, MossFormer employs a joint local and global self-attention architecture that simultaneously performs a full-computation self-attention on local chunks and a linearised low-cost self-attention over the full sequence.
Ranked #1 on Speech Separation on WSJ0-2mix-16k (using extra training data)
We present Infinity, a Bitwise Visual AutoRegressive Modeling capable of generating high-resolution, photorealistic images following language instruction.
We present Visual AutoRegressive modeling (VAR), a new generation paradigm that redefines the autoregressive learning on images as coarse-to-fine "next-scale prediction" or "next-resolution prediction", diverging from the standard raster-scan "next-token prediction".
Ranked #15 on Image Generation on ImageNet 256x256
To address this, we introduce VisionZip, a simple yet effective method that selects a set of informative tokens for input to the language model, reducing visual token redundancy and improving efficiency while maintaining model performance.
We present Florence-VL, a new family of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) with enriched visual representations produced by Florence-2, a generative vision foundation model.
However, automatic stem-leaf segmentation of maize shoots from three-dimensional (3D) point clouds remains challenging, especially for new emerging leaves that are very close and wrapped together during the seedling stage.
In this work, we develop a vision-language-action model in digital world, namely ShowUI, which features the following innovations: (i) UI-Guided Visual Token Selection to reduce computational costs by formulating screenshots as an UI connected graph, adaptively identifying their redundant relationship and serve as the criteria for token selection during self-attention blocks; (ii) Interleaved Vision-Language-Action Streaming that flexibly unifies diverse needs within GUI tasks, enabling effective management of visual-action history in navigation or pairing multi-turn query-action sequences per screenshot to enhance training efficiency; (iii) Small-scale High-quality GUI Instruction-following Datasets by careful data curation and employing a resampling strategy to address significant data type imbalances.
Weather forecasts are fundamentally uncertain, so predicting the range of probable weather scenarios is crucial for important decisions, from warning the public about hazardous weather, to planning renewable energy use.
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Medium Privacy Policy
You can see our previous Privacy Policy here.
This Privacy Policy explains how A Medium Corporation (“Medium,” “we,” or “us”) collects, uses, and discloses information about you. This Privacy Policy applies when you use our websites, mobile applications, and other online products and services that link to this Privacy Policy (collectively, our “Services”), contact our customer service team, engage with us on social media, or otherwise interact with us.
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Or here.
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Or here.
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In March of 1935, Adolf Hitler announced the rearmament of Germany in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It had been just 17 years since the First World War had ended, a war that had resulted in roughly 700,000 British deaths and many more casualties.
And yet, when the UK held an election eight months later, in November of that year, the main issue was not the existential threat of a resurgent Germany, but domestic unemployment. This was, after all, still the Great Depression. Stanley Baldwin, the incumbent prime minister, was said to have been uncomfortable in foreign affairs. The campaign debate on defence and foreign policy, to the extent that it was engaged, was so muddled that for years since historians have argued about what, precisely, had been put before the public.
Of course, at the time no one could have foreseen the devastation the next 10 years would bring as clearly as we can see in retrospect. Still, there were plenty of warning signs, and it is hard not to think that the British politicians and the press of the day were focusing on the wrong things in the 1935 campaign.
Last year’s report from the UN’s scientific panel on climate change predicted a world of wildfires, food shortages and inundated coasts – a climate catastrophe – within 20 years if we continue on our current course of greenhouse gas emissions. And it will get much, much worse after that, the panel predicted, without quick and dramatic change.
In this election campaign, the Green Party leader, Elizabeth May, has explicitly drawn the parallel with the Second World War, and even if she muddled her facts a bit, it is hard to dispute that we could as a species be facing what William James called the “moral equivalent of war,” demanding personal as well as collective sacrifices. Viewed in that light, we could someday look back on the campaign of 2019 and wonder why the media weren’t talking more about climate change than they are. The reason they aren’t has a lot to do with the core dynamics of modern mass media and what is considered news by reporters and editors but also by the public.
When journalists decide what is news – a core professional function – they employ a set of loosely defined though widely shared “news values.” To take an arbitrary example, one news value is local relevance. A fatal car crash is news in the city where it takes place but not in a city just a few hundred kilometres away.
Two core news values are conflict and novelty. Where there is sharp disagreement, there is often news. When something is new or surprising (blackface!), there is news. When something is routine, for example undrinkable water on reserves, it is harder to convince a morning news meeting that you should spend your time doing that story that day.
It is not impossible to do stories that lack some of these news values. Indeed, the Globe and Mail published a deeply reported story on undrinkable water early in the campaign. But there’s a pretty good chance you don’t remember that piece as well as many others. In fact, it is worth a digression here on the role of news consumers in sustaining the prevailing news values.
There has been a lot of comment in columns and on Twitter in this election about the media obsession with polls and personalities. Usually the complaint is that what gets neglected is issues. And yet, the Globe produced a superb piece on suburban debt. Toronto Star columnist Chantal Hébert has written about the policy dilemma created by a Quebec court ruling on assisted dying, and her colleague Heather Scoffield has carefully analyzed the parties’ promises of affordability. At the CBC, the Frontburner podcast did a detailed walk through of the parties’ environmental platforms.
If these examples don’t quite fit your image of what the media have been doing these last few weeks, it is partly because editors have given them less prominence than the material you are more familiar with, and partly because you have been less likely to click on them or find them in your social media feed. In today’s rapid feedback newsrooms, there is often a large video display of the top 10 stories currently being read the most and for the longest. If coverage of issues were getting more traction with readers, believe me, there would be more of them, more prominently displayed.
But back to climate change. There are, of course, differences among the parties about climate policy and indeed as late as last spring some commentators thought this campaign might turn around climate change policy: the carbon tax and the pace of pipeline development. But so far, the party leaders have downplayed the issue. In an election campaign whose main theme so far has been “affordability,” no one but the Greens’ leader is likely to invoke the necessity of sacrifice on the scale the UN panel suggested is necessary.
The Conservatives have buried their objection to the carbon tax inside the broader theme of affordability partly because their feeble climate change policy is a sore point in Quebec, where they have ambitions. The Liberals, too, are vulnerable on climate change not only because some centrist voters don’t like paying the carbon tax, but perhaps more importantly because voters on the left dislike their support of pipelines. Even the Greens have decided to emphasize that they are not a one-issue party, a common stratagem for parties trying to fight their way in from the political margins.
Journalists find it difficult to establish a purchase on an issue when there is not a loud, open conflict between leaders. It is not their role to create issues, goes the news tradition, just to report on them. Early in my career at the CBC, a senior news manager told a meeting of academics that when all the premiers had agreed with then-prime minister Mulroney on the Meech Lake Accord with the support of the opposition leaders in Ottawa, he had felt it necessary to go outside this charmed circle to find critics and engender a discussion of one of the biggest proposed changes to the constitution in Canadian history. Under pressure from the Mulroney government, he was disciplined by the CBC.
Besides conflict, the other core news value missing from the climate change story is novelty. In this campaign, the parties have struggled to get the media excited even about the subjects they do want to talk about. The Conservatives pledging a tax cut? They have been doing that since Stephen Harper created the modern party in 2003. The Liberals promising more day care? That has been a feature of every Liberal election campaign since 1988 (when John Turner screwed up its roll out). Even the Greens’ policies, urgent as they argue they should be, are not fundamentally different from what they have been proposing in election after election. (Note that I had no trouble finding links for any of these stories; reporters are writing them even if they are not widely or enthusiastically read.)
It is true that in journalism school, we teach that significance is also an important news value, and any reporter or editor would say the same. But the stories that are easiest to launch in newsrooms are those that have a combination of news values, so a significant story might struggle for an assignment editor’s love if it does not also have other elements such as novelty, conflict and local relevance.
That’s why when Greta Thunberg comes to town, or when school children skip school to support her, journalists jump on the “hook” to talk about climate change. It isn’t just significant. It is novel and it has conflict. Just look at the way she dressed down those politicians at the UN!
But once Thunberg is gone, journalists will again struggle to get attention for climate change stories unless at least one of the leaders says something startling or new or attempts a roundhouse rhetorical punch in a debate.
Do you have something to say about the article you just read? Be part of the Policy Options discussion, and send in your own submission. Here is a link on how to do it. | Souhaitez-vous réagir à cet article ? Joignez-vous aux débats d’Options politiques et soumettez-nous votre texte en suivant ces directives.
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https://policyoptions.irpp.org/fr/magazines/september-2019/why-election-coverage-neglects-climate-change/
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| 0.999408 |
Triadin (Trisk 95) overexpression blocks excitation-contraction coupling in rat skeletal myotubes. |
Authors: |
Rezgui, SS Vassilopoulos, S Brocard, J Platel, JC Bouron, A Arnoult, C Oddoux, S Garcia, L De Waard, M Marty, I
Citation: |
Rezgui SS, etal., J Biol Chem. 2005 Nov 25;280(47):39302-8. Epub 2005 Sep 21. |
RGD ID: |
7327230 |
Pubmed: |
PMID:16176928 (View Abstract at PubMed) |
PMCID: |
PMC2739420 (View Article at PubMed Central) |
DOI: |
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M506566200 (Journal Full-text) |
To identify the function of triadin in skeletal muscle, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of Trisk 95 or Trisk 51, the two major skeletal muscle isoforms, was induced in rat skeletal muscle primary cultures, and the physiological behavior of the modified cells was analyzed. Overexpression did not modify the expression level of their protein partners ryanodine receptor, dihydropyridine receptor, and the other triadin. Caffeine-induced calcium release was also unaffected by triadin overexpression. Nevertheless, in the absence of extracellular calcium, depolarization-induced calcium release was almost abolished in Trisk 95 overexpressing myotubes (T95 myotubes), and not modified in Trisk 51 overexpressing myotubes (T51 myotubes). This was not because of a modification of dihydropyridine receptors, as depolarization in presence of external calcium still induced a calcium release, and the activation curve of dihydropyridine receptor was unchanged, in both T95 and T51 myotubes. The calcium release complex was also maintained in T95 myotubes as Trisk 95, ryanodine receptor, dihydropyridine receptor, and Trisk 51 were still co-localized. The effect of Trisk 95 overexpression on depolarization-induced calcium release was reversed by a simultaneous infection with an antisense Trisk 95 adenovirus, indicating the specificity of this effect. Thus, the level of Trisk 95 and not Trisk 51 is important on regulating the calcium release complex, and an excess of this protein can lead to an inhibition of the physiological function of the complex.
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| 0.90189 |
All Versions
10
Latest Version
Avg Release Cycle
67 days
Latest Release
2543 days ago
Changelog History
Changelog History
-
December 26, 2017
Date: 26th December 2017 🔄 Changelog
- ⚡️ updated for Swift 4
-
February 15, 2017
Date: 15th February 2017 🔄 Changelog
- ⚡️ updated for Swift 3
-
v0.2.1
October 28, 2016 -
v0.2.0
October 28, 2016 -
v0.1.5
September 04, 2016 -
v0.1.4
September 04, 2016 -
May 05, 2016
Date: 5th May 2016 🔄 ChangeLog
- context.wipe for iOS now uses NSBatchDeleteRequest for speedup
- context.count added to efficiently count entities without actually fetch them an call entities.count
-
May 04, 2016
Date: 4th May 2016 🔄 ChangeLog
- context.acquire was changed to use pk attribute on entity (from model entity description), asserted if not present
- minor changes on request.filter - String values changed to AnyObject
-
May 04, 2016
Date: 4th May 2016 🔄 ChangeLog
- Carthage option has been added
-
May 03, 2016
Date: 3rd May 2016 🔄 ChangeLog
- 🎉 Initial release of DataKernel Library
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| 0.839512 |
3 Tips For Protecting Your Eyes During The Winter
We typically worry about staying warm during the winter months, and think less about protecting our eyes. However, the winter months can be as hard on our eyes as the summer months.
Here are three things you can do to protect your eyes during the winter months.
Tip #1: Don’t Let Your Eyes Dry Out
During the winter, our eyes are constantly exposed to blowing, dry, hot air that can cause them to become parched and irritated. Here are a few remedies:
- Keep eye drops handy to moisturize your eyes.
- Distance yourself from direct heat sources while sitting.
- Use a humidifier to help alleviate dryness.
Tip #2: Wear Sunglasses With UV Protection
UV rays in the winter can harm our eyes. In fact, they can do even more harm when they’re bouncing off snow. Wear sunglasses when you’re outside, or driving, to protect your eyes from UV rays. This is especially important as days lengthen into spring and the sun gets more intense.
Not sure if you have the proper protective sunglasses? Come see us! We can help you find something that’s both effective and stylish.
Tip #3: Goggles Protect In Three Ways
Goggles not only protect our eyes from UV rays, but they also help keep our eyes from drying out from the winter wind. In addition, think about all those errant branches, twigs, tree limbs, and slush full of gravel that can severely injure our eyes upon contact. It just makes good sense to wear quality goggles. Don’t neglect them!
And By The Way… Protect Your Skin Too!
We’re as concerned about your whole body health as we are about your vision health. So remember to not only protect your eyes from the winter sun’s effects, but protect your skin as well:
[iframe http://www.youtube.com/embed/F3AjoURd_0M?rel=0 620 349]
Questions? Let’s Visit
If you have questions about the different types of winter protective eyewear available, give us a call! We can help you find the right gear to keep your eyes safe and healthy.
Thanks for being a valued part of our practice family!
Top image by Flickr user EaglebrookSchool used under Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 4.0 license. Image cropped and modified from original.
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<urn:uuid:44dfbf75-6b46-4a72-9083-b35dccfad632>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://visionsource-mveyecare.com/2015/02/25/3-tips-for-protecting-your-eyes-during-the-winter/
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2024-12-12T16:05:50Z
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.998123 |
Replace Your Contact Lens Case
When did you last replace your contact lens case? Has it been so long you don’t remember?
We know the value of getting full use from household items. But whether it’s a towel, toothbrush or toaster—eventually, things need to be replaced. For your vision health, replacing your contact lens case at least every three months is important for avoiding irritation and infection.
You Change The Solution, But Bacteria Remains
You should already be changing your contact solution every day. But over time, bacteria from your fingers and the surrounding environment build up in the case. And because most people keep their contact lens case in the bathroom, there’s a high chance of contamination.
One recent study found tens of thousands of bacteria in just a small volume of one participant’s contact solution, despite the fact he used fresh solution every day!
[iframe https://www.youtube.com/embed/Ufh63_DK8lQ?rel=0 620 349]
Know When To Replace, And How to Sanitize
We recommend getting a new contact lens case at least every three months. In the meantime, follow these simple tips to keep it as bacteria free as possible:
- Always wash hands with soap and water before handling contacts.
- Every day, empty contact solution out of the case, wash with solution and clean fingers.
- Let the case air dry, upside down on a paper towel, before putting caps back on.
- Boil the case in water for 5 minutes, then rinse with solution to sanitize between replacements.
Also, avoid letting the tip of the solution bottle touch the case, as it can carry bacteria and contaminants.
Clean Contacts Preserve Good Vision
Eyes are especially sensitive to bacterial infection, and dirty contacts not only leave you with itching, irritated eyes, but they can also pose a threat to your long-term vision health. So remember to replace that case!
Our aim, as your lifelong vision partner, is to help you establish good habits that will keep your eyes healthy and comfortable! That’s why we love to talk with you one-on-one about your specific eye care needs.
Thanks for reading, and for being our valued patient and friend! We look forward to the next time we see you.
|
<urn:uuid:e87c9fef-ed89-4b70-bc39-215a7f4ad702>
|
CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://visionsourcetownvisionnj.com/2015/08/12/replace-your-contact-lens-case/
|
2024-12-12T18:03:29Z
|
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.997935 |
This track is not yet included in any albums. You can add it to a new or existing album by hitting the + symbol beside the track player.
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Latn
|
eng
| 0.999944 |
Density Functional Theory Study of EmimBF4 Ionic Liquid Monomer and their Interaction with CO<sub>2</sub> in Ionic Liquid Environments: Insights from Vibrational Spectra Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v16i3.72684Abstract
In order to improve our knowledge of cation-anion interactions in ionic liquids, we optimized the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([EMImBF4]), and their interactions with CO2, with a focus on structural properties and vibrational behavior relevant to chemical applications such as carbon capture. By using density functional theory (DFT), the structures of the cation, anions, and cation-anion ion pairs of [EMImBF4] with CO2 were optimized. Vibrational spectroscopy was employed to emphasize structural properties, and vibrational frequencies of EMImBF4 and EMImBF4-CO2 (monomer) compounds were calculated. The scaled values were compared to experimental far-infrared and far-infrared Raman spectra to validate the theoretical findings.The study identified the most stable geometries of [EMImBF4] and [EMImBF4]-CO2 interactions, showing specific vibrational modes upon interaction with CO2 that align well with experimental data. These insights highlight the potential of [EMImBF4] in gas separation and capture, demonstrating its unique physicochemical properties and reinforcing the importance of understanding IL-CO2 interactions for developing efficient carbon capture technologies.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
© Journal of Scientific Research
Articles published in the "Journal of Scientific Research" are Open Access articles under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International license (CC BY-SA 4.0). This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and initial publication in this journal. In addition to that, users must provide a link to the license, indicate if changes are made and distribute using the same license as original if the original content has been remixed, transformed or built upon.
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<urn:uuid:06617e6f-8bf4-420c-9c79-9a3e1455b718>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/JSR/article/view/72684
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2024-12-12T17:02:57Z
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Latn
|
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| 0.971802 |
Ancient Greece is generally considered to be the cradle of Western civilization. From philosophy and art to science and technology, medicine, sports and architecture. Heck - they even had indoor plumbing! No wonder we find them so illuminating, though obviously, they didn't always have their, um... act together or they would still be here, right? But they were pretty cool while they were around. So cool, in fact, that in many ways we still try to emulate them today. Here is one of their best lessons. Life is short. We only get so many years to make the most of it because who knows when a mountain is gonna rain down its thunder and wipe us right out. Remember, the goal while we're on this planet isn't to stay here forever. If that were the case, then everyone who has ever lived is a total failure! The real goal is to leave our mark. Ancient Greece has shown us a lot about that.* The key to success, happiness, fulfillment and longevity is to LIVE WELL. To employ our gifts to their fullest. To find and follow our muse. The Roman scholar Varro stated that there are only three Muses: one born from water (Practice), another the air (Memory), and a third from the human voice (Song). But Greek mythology claims three times as many Muses. There is a reason why (besides the fact that it is my favorite number, squared). The Greeks believed it took nine days to fall from heaven to earth, and nine more to fall into the underworld. The Land of Nine, in other words, is where we are right now. Today, that is a pretty complicated place. While the Muses of Greek mythology had to do mainly with the Arts, modern day muses must inspire us in a variety of endeavors. Finding your muse requires self awareness. What are your interests, your talents? What brings you joy? What comes naturally and benefits not only yourself, but those around you? Inspiration, if we look inward, already resides with us in the form of our uniquity. We come with a purpose - seeds, if you will - and it is up to us to nurture that potential into fruition. We don't have to do it alone; indeed, we cannot. We need all that each of us has to offer. We grow - or languish - together. Lest we go the way of the ancient Greeks without leaving a laudable mark, finding our muses has never been more important. Are you looking for yours? Have you already found it? *Yes, the Greeks were into that whole slavery thing; I never said they were perfect! If you liked this post, why not share it? Someone may be glad you did! It's a lonely walk, this crazy life I've chosen. More often than not it feels like I'm just going in circles. Deciding to be a full time writer is like hopping into a hamster wheel... until suddenly, you realize you might actually get somewhere. I'm still spinning, but this wheel is the only way to get where I hope to go. How could I do otherwise? It has always been my dream to write. I wasn't getting any further as an artist - another dream job, right? - but I'm also not giving up on it. There is more security in a nine-to-five, an actual paycheck at least. Yet, if that was what I was supposed to do with me life, I imagine there would be more satisfaction in it. But no. This is the best I have to offer. To deny these parts of myself is to give the world the lesser portion, the leftovers. Sure, I create worlds to please myself, but I also send them as a benediction into the world. Who knows but what something I've written may touch someone just when they need it most. That person may touch countless others with their particular giftedness, and soon that wheel I'm on becomes a whirlwind of people recreating the world into a better place. That's what what makes it worthwhile; knowing that even as I spin, momentum is building. What are you walking toward today? I normally steer clear of the fray, but it has been an election year like no other. Usually it's the mudslinging that gets to me, along with endless commercials and media obsession, as if squabbling politicians are more interesting than REAL news. The divisiveness promulgated by talking heads was bad enough, but now everyone is weighing in on social media. The very medium meant to foster open communication and connectivity is driving deeper wedges between us. Yes, the antics of both current major party candidates reminds us of middle school, and just how badly our political system is broken. It is sad to think we don't have better options. But...maybe we do. A third party candidate might just sweep in and gobble up those of us disgusted with the whole affair. True...though that isn't what I'm suggesting. It's time to think outside the box. I believe it's time for a "NO CONFIDENCE" vote to be an option. If a majority withdrew support from ALL candidates, declaring them unfit to lead, wouldn't we as a nation be obligated to look elsewhere? I'm not naive enough to think we could ever get a consensus on one candidate; there are too many conflicting opinions for that. But what if our common disdain for what we have been offered was enough to at least get some more palatable choices on the table? It's something to think about.
What do you see? A friendly jumble of coffee mugs, right? Makes you want to reach in and have a cup with me, doesn't it?
I used to have this little quirk. It's not as pronounced as it was before motherhood christened me continuously rushed, but back in the day, I would to try to use each mug in the cupboard equally. What's so weird about that? Nothing, really... if the reason for the rotation is to promote equal wear and tear. In my case though, it was so that it wouldn't seem like I was playing favorites. To whom, you might ask? Why, to the mugs, of course! While a psychiatrist might label me wacko, I prefer to think this penchant for fair play is due to a highly developed empathetic nature. I mean, what about the poor chipped fellow in the back corner that never gets picked - how do you think he feels? Yeah... nothing, I know. It's a mug, not a person. But it got me thinking... What if we thought of people like coffee mugs? There they are, all crammed together in the cupboard in a variety of colors, shapes and sizes, all sharing a common function. I might prefer one over another (I like being able to fit four fingers through the handle), but that doesn't change the fact that they are all essentially the same thing, with the same purpose. It's not until we start labeling them that their differences emerge. First let's sort them by color, not that it matters one iota. I have never known a coffee mug to be less of a mug because it wasn't a particular shade. In fact, some of my favorites are wildly colorful. But still, just for the sake of experiment... There's one problem: They won't all fit now, and some of my favorites aren't even on the shelf. Sure, it looks neat and tidy, and everyone's got space, but coffee break just got a whole lot less interesting. Let's try again...
Maybe if I get rid of all of the irregular ones... they're not easily labeled anyhow, and there is that handle deficiency issue. But they're beautiful, aren't they, and they make me feel all rustic and cozy when I hold them, more real somehow...
What if I got rid of the ones I find inconvenient? The ones that get in my way?
Or the one's that take up too much space?
The ones that preach should go. Who needs their advice?
The frou-frou ones, too. Or better yet, let's just hide them in another cupboard and pretend they don't exist...
...right after we get rid of those that might offend the other mugs.
Archives
June 2020
Categories |
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<urn:uuid:4f4b086b-0126-4cbb-9e3d-2c5e506a4637>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://www.camorganwrites.com/blog/archives/10-2016
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2024-12-12T17:57:36Z
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Latn
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eng
| 0.999492 |
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), localization algorithms could be range-based or range-free. The Approximate Point in Triangle (APIT) is a range-free approach. We propose modification of the APIT algorithm and refer as modified-APIT. We select suitable triangles with appropriate distance between anchors ...
Read More
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), localization algorithms could be range-based or range-free. The Approximate Point in Triangle (APIT) is a range-free approach. We propose modification of the APIT algorithm and refer as modified-APIT. We select suitable triangles with appropriate distance between anchors to reduce PIT test errors (edge effect and non-uniform placement of neighbours) in APIT algorithm. To reduce the computational load and avoid useless anchors selection, we propose to segment the application area to four non-overlapping and four overlapping sub-regions. Our results show that the modified-APIT algorithm has better performance in terms of average error and time requirement for all sizes of network with random and grid deployments. For increasing the accuracy of localization and reduction of computation time, every sub-region should contain minimum 5 anchors. The modified-APIT has better performance for different sizes of network for both grid and random deployments in terms of average error and time requirement. Variations of the size of a network and radio communication radius of anchors affect the value of average error and time requirement. To have more accurate location estimation, 5 to 10 anchors per sub-region are effective in modified-APIT.
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<urn:uuid:0dd7ce58-b34d-4a89-8c45-a6d01b62801a>
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CC-MAIN-2024-51
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https://jad.shahroodut.ac.ir/?_action=article&au=8357&_au=Pourdeilami,%20J
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2024-12-13T21:26:34Z
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