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At 40 million years old Devil’s Tower has certainly endured. But what you may not know is this towering rock was sacred to more than twenty Native American Plains Tribes hundreds of years ago. As remarkable as Devil’s Towers physical endurance is its spiritual endurance in the minds, hearts and souls of today’s Native Americans who continue to pilgrimage the site for sacred rituals. If you look closely you’ll see little prayer bags hanging on trees.
Devil’s Tower National Monument, Wyoming
For more information about the Tribes of Devil’s Tower check out the NPS site
Check out other posts for the Weekly Photo Challenge: Endurance
A pyramidal peak or glacial horn is a sharply pointed mountain peak usually with three sides. When three or more glacial cirques erode backwards to a central point they form a triangular peak, a pyramidal peak or horn.
Glacier National Park
The number of faces on a horn depends on how many cirques come together, however the most common is three or four. When a peak has four symmetrical sides it’s called a matter horn after the Matterhorn peak in the Alps.
In May of 1980 lava exploded from the side of Mount St Helens blowing the top off this mountain. Before the 1980 eruption Mount St Helens rose 9,677 ft above sea level. The blast reduced the mountain to 8,366 ft, a loss of over 1,300 ft. I was living in Indiana during the eruption, far way in safety but I remember pinkish skies and a lot of cloudiness.
Twenty-five years later I visited the park. While she didn’t erupt she occasionally let off steam demonstrating volcanic activity is still present. I didn’t see much wild life but I must say, these are the friendliest chipmunks ever. They climb all over you hoping you’ll feed them.
Mount Saint Helens is a stratovolcano which is the most explosive type of volcano. This is common in the Cascade Range. Mount Rainier (pictured below), another stratovolcano, is clearly visible from overlooks at the national monument.
Mount Saint Helens National Volcanic Monument was established on August 27, 1982 by then President Ronald Reagan. The monument is located nearly 100 miles southeast of Seattle, Washington within Gifford Pinchot National Forest.
A glacial Erratic is a large boulder that was transported by glacier to an area of different rock in type and size. These erratics can be transported hundreds of miles.
Plymouth Rock, Plymouth, MA
Lassen Volcanic National Park, CA
Plymouth Rock, Plymouth MA & Lassen Volcanic National Park, CA
U-Shaped valleys are just what they sound like – a valley shaped like a “U”. These valleys are the result of glaciers carving further into an existing depression created from a river called a v-shaped valley. The valley is transformed from gradually sloping side to steep sides and a flat bottom. Rivers often remain from glacial melting that replace the original river. U-shaped valleys are found at high mountain altitudes worldwide.
Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Washington
Moraine is a glacial landforms which results from glacial movement. As a glacier moves down the mountain it leaves behind debris of dirt and boulders.
Look below the glaciers in these photos. It looks like a river of rock. This is the debris left from the glaciers above which have retreated for the summer months.
Grand Teton National Park
Key West is a beautiful island at the farthest end of the Florida Keys. Although a popular tourist destination the island retains old world charm. You wont find chain stores or McDonald’s. You will find fishing and boating harbors, museums, art and crafts stores and fine dining. You wont even find a “real” beach but you can swim in the manmade beach.
One place I’ve wanted to visit is Ernest Hemingway’s Key West Home. It seems no matter what I do I just can’t seem to get there before close. Just too busy swimming I guess.
Another popular attraction is the marker doing Key West as the most southern point in the continental United States and only 90 miles from Cuba.
We continue our study on mountain glacial landforms with the arête.
An arête is formed by two glaciers scouring away rock on two sides of a mountain. The result is a thin ridge of rock which separates two U-Shaped valleys. Weathering further erodes the rock thus shaping and sharpening the feature. Arêtes can also be formed when two cirques erode.
A TARN is a lake created in a cirque by glacial melt water, rain, river runoff or a combination.
Lake Jenny, Lassen National Volcanic Park, California
A cirque is a semicircular shaped bedrock feature high on mountainside partially surrounded on three sides by steep cliffs. Cirques are created by the advancing and retreating of glaciers. The basin becomes deeper and wider in diameter each year as it continues to be eroded. An interesting feature of a cirque is the tarn or glacial lake which results from melting glaciers.
Cirque, Grand Teton, Wyoming
Sometimes multiple cirques will form, the rock in between is an arête, a steep ridge dividing the two cirques. When three cirques form the result is a glacial horn (or pyramidal peak) such as the Matterhorn in the Alps or Irene’s Arête in the Tetons.
Cirques and arêtes, Mount Moran, Wyoming
Photos taken at Grand Teton National Park
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---
title: "Managing Encryption Keys for SQL Server Authentication"
ms.custom: na
ms.date: 10/01/2018
ms.reviewer: na
ms.suite: na
ms.tgt_pltfrm: na
ms.topic: article
ms.prod: "dynamics-nav-2018"
ms.assetid: a5fcce05-dd4a-45db-ac10-54b877af7057
caps.latest.revision: 6
manager: edupont
---
# Managing Encryption Keys for SQL Server Authentication
When using SQL Server authentication between the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance and the database in SQL Server, an encryption key is used to encrypt the credentials that the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance uses to log on to the database. The encryption key is stored on the computer running [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] and also registered in the database. There is single encryption key per [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance and it must match the encryption key in the database.
On the computer running the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance, the encryption key file has the name [!INCLUDE[nav_server_instance](includes/nav_server_instance_md.md)].key and is stored in the *%systemroot%\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Microsoft Dynamics NAV\\90\\Server\\Keys*. In the database, the encryption key is registered in the dbo.$ndo$publicencryptionkey table. In a multitenant deployment, the encryption key is registered in the application database.
You can create encryption keys and then import and export the keys to and from databases by using encryption key cmdlets in the [!INCLUDE[nav_shell](includes/nav_shell_md.md)]. These cmdlets are useful when upgrading or transferring a solution from one set of hardware to another, where you might need a copy of the encryption key to use it on another [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance.
> [!NOTE]
> When you use the [!INCLUDE[nav_admin](includes/nav_admin_md.md)] to set up SQL Server Authentication on a [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance for the first time, instead of creating or importing your own encryption key in advance, you can decide to use a system encryption key, which is generated and installed automatically.
## Managing Encryption Keys by Using [!INCLUDE[nav_shell](includes/nav_shell_md.md)]
The [!INCLUDE[nav_shell](includes/nav_shell_md.md)] includes the following cmdlets that enable you to manage the encryption key that is used on [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instances:
|Cmdlet|[!INCLUDE[bp_tabledescription](includes/bp_tabledescription_md.md)]|
|------------|---------------------------------------|
|Export-NAVEncryptionKey|Exports an encryption key from a [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance to a password protected file.|
|Import-NAVEncryptionKey|Imports an encryption key from a password protected file to a [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance.|
|New-NAVEncryptionKey|Create an encryption key in a password protected file.|
For more information about how to run the cmdlets, see [Microsoft Dynamics NAV Windows PowerShell Cmdlets](Microsoft-Dynamics-NAV-Windows-PowerShell-Cmdlets.md).
## Changing the Current Encryption Key
If you want to change an encryption key that is currently used by a [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance and database to another encryption key that is contained in an encryption key file, use the Import-NAVEncryptionkey cmdlet. Before you run the Import-NAVEncryptionkey cmdlet, you must delete the encryption key that is stored on the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] computer.
#### To change the encryption key that is used by the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance
1. On the computer that is running the [!INCLUDE[nav_server](includes/nav_server_md.md)] instance, delete the encryption key file for SQL Server authentication.
The encryption key file has the name [!INCLUDE[nav_server_instance](includes/nav_server_instance_md.md)].key and is stored in the *%systemroot%\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Microsoft Dynamics NAV\\90\\Server\\Keys* folder.
2. In the [!INCLUDE[nav_shell](includes/nav_shell_md.md)], run the Import-NAVEncryptionkey cmdlet with the -Force parameter set.
```
Import-NAVEncryptionKey -ServerInstance [Server Instance] -KeyPath [Encryption key file path] - ApplicationDatabaseServer [Database server instance] -ApplicationDatabaseName [Database name] -Force
```
## See Also
[How to: Configure SQL Server Authentication in Microsoft Dynamics NAV](How-to--Configure-SQL-Server-Authentication-in-Microsoft-Dynamics-NAV.md)
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Are we going to the Bronze tonight?
Not me.
I think I'm going to call it an early night.
Oh, Malcolm, right?
Yeah, I heard.
But you're going to be missing out.
I'm planning to be witty.
I'm going to make fun of all the people who won't talk to me.
That's nice.
Have a good time.
She certainly looks perky.
Yeah, color in the cheeks, bounce in the step.
I don't like it.
It's not healthy.
So, are you going to the Bronze tonight?
Oh, probably not.
You probably have some vampire slaying or some lame endeavor like that, don't you?
Everyone deserts me.
Check out the jealous man.
What are you talking about?
You're jealous.
Of what?
Willow's got a thang and Xander's left hanging.
|
Sodium hydroxide poisoning
Sodium hydroxide is a very strong chemical that is also known as lye and caustic soda. This article discusses poisoning from touching, breathing in (inhaling), or swallowing sodium hydroxide.
This is for information only and not for use in the treatment or management of an actual poison exposure. If you have an exposure, you should call your local emergency number (such as 911) or a local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.
Lye poisoning; Caustic soda poisoning
Sodium hydroxide is found in many industrial solvents and cleaners, including flooring stripping products, brick cleaners, cements, and many others.
It may also be found in certain household products, including:
- Aquarium products
- Clinitest tablets
- Drain cleaners
- Hair straighteners
- Metal polishes
- Oven cleaners
Note: This list is not all-inclusive.
Airways and lungs
- Breathing difficulty (from inhalation)
- Lung inflammation
- Throat swelling (which may also cause breathing difficulty)
Esophagus, intestines, and stomach
- Blood in the stool
- Burns of the esophagus (food pipe) and stomach
- Severe abdominal pain
- Vomiting, possibly bloody
Eyes, ears, nose, and throat
- Severe pain in the throat
- Severe pain or burning in the nose, eyes, ears, lips, or tongue
- Vision loss
Heart and blood
- Low blood pressure (develops rapidly)
- Severe change in pH (too much or too little acid in the blood)
- Necrosis (holes) in the skin or underlying tissues
Seek immediate medical help. Do NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional.
If the chemical is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes.
If the chemical was swallowed, immediately give the person water or milk, unless instructed otherwise by a health care provider. Do NOT give water or milk if the patient is having symptoms (such as vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness) that make it hard to swallow.
If the person breathed in the poison, immediately move him or her to fresh air.
Before Calling Emergency
Determine the following information:
- The patient's age, weight, and condition
- The name of the product (ingredients and strengths if known)
- The time it was swallowed
- The amount swallowed
Poison Control, or a local emergency number
In the United States, call 1-800-222-1222 to speak with a local poison control center. This hotline number will let you talk to experts in poisoning. They will give you further instructions.
This is a free and confidential service. You should call if you have any questions about poisoning or poison prevention. It does NOT need to be an emergency. You can call for any reason, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Take the container with you to the hospital, if possible.
What to expect at the emergency room
The health care provider will measure and monitor the patient's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, breathing rate, and blood pressure. Symptoms will be treated as appropriate.
Treatment depends on how the poisoning occurred. You will be given pain medicine. Other treatments may include:
For swallowed poison, the patient may receive:
- Chest x-ray
- Endoscopy -- the placement of a camera down the throat to see the extent of burns to the esophagus and the stomach
- Fluids through a vein
For inhaled poison, the patient may receive:
- Breathing tube
- Bronchoscopy -- camera down the throat to see burns in the airways and lungs
- Chest x-ray
For skin exposure, the patient may receive:
- Irrigation (washing of the skin) -- perhaps every few hours for several days
- Skin debridement (surgical removal of burned skin)
How well a patient does depends on how fast the poison is diluted and neutralized. Extensive damage to the mouth, throat, eyes, lungs, esophagus, nose, and stomach are possible.
The ultimate outcome depends on the extent of this damage. Damage continues to occur to the esophagus and stomach for several weeks after the poison was swallowed, and death may occur as long as a month later.
Keep all poisons in their original and/or childproof container, with labels visible, and out of the reach of children.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Managing Hazardous Materials Incidents. Volume III – Medical Management Guidelines for Acute Chemical Exposures: Sodium Hydroxide. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service; 2002.
Harchelroad FP Jr, Rottinghaus DM. Chemical burns. In: Tintinalli JE, Kelen GD, Stapczynski JS, Ma OJ, Cline DM, eds. Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:chap 200.
Wax PM, Young A. Caustics. In: Marx JA, ed. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2013:chap153.
Last reviewed 10/11/2013 by Jacob L. Heller, MD, MHA, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Bethanne Black, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
- The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition.
- A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.
- Call 911 for all medical emergencies.
- Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites.
|
Customize your JAMA Network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below.
To estimate the association of improved nutrition in early life with adult intellectual functioning, controlling for years of schooling.
Prospective cohort study.
Four villages in Guatemala, as well as locations within Guatemala to which cohort members migrated.
Individuals who had participated as children in a nutrition supplementation intervention trial from March 1, 1969, through February 28, 1977 (N = 2392). From May 1, 2002, through April 30, 2004, adequate information for analysis was obtained from 1448 of 2118 individuals (68.4%) not known to have died.
Individuals exposed to atole (a protein-rich enhanced nutrition supplement) at birth through age 24 months were compared with those exposed to the supplement at other ages or to fresco, a sugar-sweetened beverage. We measured years of schooling by interview.
Main Outcome Measures
Scores on the Serie Interamericana (InterAmerican Series) tests of reading comprehension and the Raven Progressive Matrices, obtained from May 1, 2002, through April 30, 2004.
In models controlling for years of schooling and other predictors of intellectual functioning, exposure to atole at birth to age 24 months was associated with an increase of 3.46 points (95% confidence interval, −1.26 to 8.18) and 1.74 points (95% confidence interval, 0.53-2.95) on the InterAmerican Series and Raven Progressive Matrices tests, respectively. There was no statistical interaction between exposure to atole at birth to age 24 months and years of schooling on either outcome (P = .24 and P = .60, respectively).
Improved early-life nutrition is associated with increased intellectual functioning in adulthood after taking into account the effect of schooling.
Schooling is a key component of the development of literacy, reading comprehension, and cognitive functioning, and thus of human capital.1,2 The educational returns of investments in schooling should have their greatest effect among well-prepared children.3 Early-life preparation for schooling through direct investments in intellectual development is effective.4,5 However, the literature suggests that in resource-poor environments, poor nutritional status in early childhood—usually measured by growth retardation in height or stunting—is associated with poor performance on cognitive tests in later childhood or in adulthood.6-8 Therefore, both nutrition and early-childhood intellectual enrichment are likely to be important determinants of intellectual functioning in adulthood.
We have been observing prospectively a cohort of Guatemalan men and women who participated as children in a nutritional supplementation intervention trial.9 In the present study, we assess the joint contributions of enhanced early-life nutrition and schooling to intellectual functioning in adult men and women.
Subjects and setting
The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) conducted a study of child growth and development between March 1, 1969, and February 28, 1977, in 4 villages whose residents were of mixed Spanish and American Indian descent, located 40 to 110 km east of Guatemala City, Guatemala.10 The 4 villages were divided into 2 pairs based on size, then randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments. In 1 village in each pair, residents were offered atole, a dietary supplement made from the vegetable protein mixture Incaparina (EDT USA Corp, Miami, Florida), dry skim milk, and sugar that provided protein (6.4 g/100 mL) and 900 kcal/L. In the other village, residents were offered fresco, which contained no protein or fat and 330 kcal/L, all from sugar. Beginning in October 1971, both supplements were fortified with micronutrients in equal concentrations by volume. The supplements were available twice daily at a central location in each village. Between the ages of 15 and 36 months, children who were exposed to atole had a net increase of 8.7 g protein and 94 kcal/d (29.0% and 10.4% of total intake, respectively) compared with children exposed to fresco.10 Exposure to atole improved growth rates and reduced the prevalence of stunting at age 3 years.10-12
The 2002-2004 Follow-up
Between 2002 and 2004, the cohort was resurveyed.13,14 Data collection occurred at INCAP facilities in the study villages, at INCAP headquarters in Guatemala City, or at respondents' homes. All data collection followed protocols that were approved by the institutional review boards of INCAP and Emory University, and all study participants gave written informed consent.
Tracing, Contact, and Sample Size
Of the 2392 persons in the 1969-1977 sample, 1855 (77.6%) were determined to be alive and living in Guatemala, 274 (11.5%) had died—most from infectious diseases in early childhood, 162 (6.8%) had migrated abroad, and nothing could be learned about the remaining 101 (4.2%). During 2002-2004 data collection, 1571 individuals (65.7%) completed at least 1 survey instrument, and 1448 individuals (60.5% of the original cohort and 68.4% of those not known to have died) provided adequate data to be included in the present analysis.
We ascertained years of schooling by interview (n = 1471). Schooling was considered a continuous variable (range, 0-18 years). At the time this cohort was recruited, there was no systematic kindergarten program in Guatemala. In addition, we categorized schooling as the completion of primary school (sixth grade) compared with those who did not complete primary school. We focus on the completion of primary school because this is a Millennium Development Goal3; furthermore, primary schooling is compulsory in Guatemala.
Respondents who reported the completion of less than 3 years of schooling, or those who reported completing 3 to 5 years of schooling but could not read the headline of a local newspaper article fluently (n = 452), received a literacy test consisting of a series of letters, words, and phrases of increasing complexity. The test was scored. All other respondents were presumed to be literate and were assigned the maximum score of 35 points.
We administered the Serie Interamericana (InterAmerican Reading Series) (SIA)15 to 1197 individuals who completed the literacy test with fewer than 5 errors or were presumed to be literate, as previously described. The SIA originally was developed to assess reading abilities of Spanish-speaking children in Texas. The SIA has demonstrated adequate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients 0.85 and 0.87 for reading and vocabulary, respectively) and internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.79-0.98) in previous studies in this population.16 We used reading comprehension level 2 and vocabulary level 3. The SIA was self-administered in a quiet environment. We summed the scores on the literacy test with those on the SIA.
We administered the Raven Progressive Matrices, a nonverbal assessment of cognitive ability, to 1452 individuals.17,18 The test consists of a series of pattern-matching exercises, with the patterns getting progressively more complex and hence harder to match correctly. The Raven Progressive Matrices have shown adequate test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.87) and internal consistency, as well as construct validity in earlier studies in this population.16 We administered scales A to C, 12 items each. Results are presented as the number of correct answers.
Characterizing Exposure to Supplement
The original intervention study included all children in the villages younger than 7 years at study launch, pregnant women, and newborns. Supplementation was provided from March 1, 1969, through February 28, 1977. Children were followed up through age 7 years or the end of the study. Thus, all children were exposed to 1 of 2 supplements at some point, and children could have been exposed to the intervention at a range of ages: prenatally through supplement intake by the mother and postnatally through maternal supplement intake transmitted as breast milk as well as through the child's own consumption.
For each child, we created a variable that takes a value of 1 when the respondent was exposed to any form of supplementation for the entire window at birth to age 24 months (hereinafter “0 to 24 months”) and 0 otherwise (denoted as “exposure to supplementation at ages 0 to 24 months”). We also created a variable (“supplement type”) that takes the value 1 if the child lived in one of the atole villages, and 0 otherwise. The interaction term between the 2 variables (denoted as “exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months”) represents the differential effect of exposure to atole compared with fresco at ages 0 to 24 months, after subtracting the difference between individuals exposed to atole compared with fresco at other ages (ie, those coded 0 for “exposure to supplementation from ages 0 to 24 months”). The interaction term, therefore, provides an estimate of the double-difference effect of atole relative to fresco for a given window of exposure. Because this formulation is not dependent on actual intake of the supplement, our approach represents the intent-to-treat effect of exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months.
We developed dummy variables for the study villages, capturing fixed characteristics of these localities that might affect education-related outcomes. We also derived indicators of household proximity to the feeding center in each village to account for differences in accessibility that have been shown to be associated with intake,19 as well as indicators for parental characteristics related to schooling or to intellectual potential, namely, household socioeconomic status in 1967 (for participants born before 1971) or in 1975 (for participants born after 1970),20 maternal and paternal schooling attainment, and maternal and paternal age when the participant was born.14,21 We used archival and updated village histories22-24 to derive measures for the availability of a permanent structure for the primary school and primary school student-teacher ratios when the respondent was aged 7 and 12 years. Although these schooling variables reflect community characteristics, they vary by single-year age cohorts within each village and relate school availability to the period in a child's life when critical decisions about schooling are made.
In the analysis, we retained 1448 individuals for whom data on schooling, reading comprehension, and the Raven Progressive Matrices were available. Missing values for specific covariates (eg, maternal and paternal schooling; 23.8% of individuals had missing values for 1 or more covariates) were handled using multiple imputation procedures.25 Five replicate data sets were created using PROC MI in SAS statistical software, version 9.1 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina). Each data set was then analyzed using standard procedures for complete data, and the results from these analyses were combined using PROC MIANALYZE in SAS.
Associations of exposure to the intervention and schooling, considered in separate models as a continuous measure and as a binary variable, with the reading comprehension scores and with the Raven scores were modeled using linear regression. We present estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Our base model included terms for exposure to supplementation at ages 0 to 24 months, supplement type, and the interaction term exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months. We then added schooling to the model. Using interaction terms, we tested whether the estimated association of exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months with the outcomes varied by schooling attainment. We controlled for sex, village, year of birth (continuous), and the community and household covariates described in the “Other Variables” subsection.
In our population, individuals reside within 4 villages, and 84.7% of participants have 1 or more siblings in the study. Therefore, we used the SAS procedure MIXED to fit linear-mixed models, which account for the clustering of subjects within family and families within village.
Characteristics of the study sample
Almost 50% of the study sample was male, and male respondents were more likely to have completed primary school than were female respondents (Table 1). The mean age was 32 years. Parental years of schooling was higher among individuals not exposed to atole at ages 0 to 24 months. This difference is attributable to long-standing differences in schooling observed in 1 village that was randomized to fresco. Fewer individuals exposed to atole at ages 0 to 24 months attended a school that was a permanent structure at age 7 years, but that difference was no longer apparent by age 12 years. Socioeconomic status in childhood, parental years of schooling, and the probability that the school was a permanent structure were all higher among individuals who completed primary school.
The mean reading comprehension score was 66.9 (range, 0-118) (Table 1). Reading comprehension scores had a curved relationship with schooling, with the slope steepest at low levels of schooling (Figure 1). In a linear model, each year of schooling was associated with a 6.54-point increment in the score (95% CI, 6.21-6.88). In adjusted models that did not include schooling, exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months was associated with a 6.72-point increment in the reading comprehension score (95% CI, −0.02 to 13.46). With additional adjustment for schooling as a continuous variable, exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months was associated with a 3.46-point increment in the reading comprehension score (95% CI, −1.26 to 8.18) (Table 2), whereas adjustment for completion of primary school resulted in an estimate of 6.39 points (95% CI, 0.79-11.99) (Table 3). No interaction between exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months and schooling was observed on the reading comprehension score when schooling was considered a continuous variable (P = .24 for the interaction term) (Table 2) or a binary variable (P = .26) (Table 3).
Performance on the Serie Interamericana (InterAmerican Reading Series) reading comprehension tests among participants in the 2002-2004 follow-up survey to a longitudinal study in Guatemala conducted from 1969-1977, by exposure to atole at birth to age 24 months and schooling (ie, highest grade attained). Data are least-squares means and 95% confidence intervals and are adjusted for sex; year of birth; socioeconomic status in 1967 or 1975; maternal and paternal years of schooling, maternal and paternal age at respondent's birth (years, log transformed); distance from house to feeding center (2 dummies); student to teacher ratio when the respondent was aged 7 and 12 years; school construction materials when the respondent was aged 7 and 12 years (permanent materials vs other); and clustering of subjects within family and families within village. Data for grades 7 through 9 and for grades 10 and higher are pooled because of small sample sizes and are presented at the group median (grades 8 and 12, respectively).
We repeated the analysis with the addition of a quadratic term for schooling attainment and using spline regression with 1 node to capture the nonlinear relationship between schooling and the reading comprehension score. The results were consistent with those from the linear model (data not shown).
Raven progressive matrices
The mean Raven score was 17.7 (range, 0-36). The Raven score was approximately linearly related to schooling attainment (Figure 2). Each year of schooling was associated with a 0.90-point increment in the Raven score (95% CI, 0.82-0.99). In adjusted models that did not include schooling, exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months was associated with a 2.19-point increment in the Raven score (95% CI, 0.80-3.57). With additional adjustment for schooling, exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months was associated with a 1.74-point increment in the Raven score (95% CI, 0.53-2.95). Adjustment for completion of primary school resulted in an estimate of 2.09 points (95% CI, 0.79-3.39). No interaction between exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months and schooling was observed for the Raven score when schooling was included as a continuous variable (P = .60) (Table 2) or as a binary variable (P = .15) (Table 3).
Performance on the Raven Progressive Matrices among participants in the 2002-2004 follow-up survey to a longitudinal study in Guatemala conducted from 1969 through 1977, by exposure to atole at birth to age 24 months and schooling. Data are least-squares means and 95% confidence intervals, and are adjusted for sex; year of birth; socioeconomic status in 1967 or 1975; maternal and paternal years of schooling; maternal and paternal age at respondent's birth (years, log transformed); distance from house to feeding center (2 dummies); student to teacher ratio when the respondent was aged 7 and 12 years; school construction materials when the respondent was aged 7 and 12 years (permanent materials vs other); and clustering of subjects within family and families within village. Data for grades 7 through 9 and for grades 10 and higher are pooled because of small sample sizes and are presented at the group median (grades 8 and 12, respectively).
It is presumed that investments in schooling will have greater returns if the children arrive at school well prepared.26 Decisions about schooling are made by parents in accordance with their perceptions of the child's potential, the costs and expected returns of schooling, and societal values about investments in schooling. The child's potential, as perceived early in life by the parents, thus may influence the quantity of schooling that might be obtained and the resulting cognitive attainments. Nutrition in early life is associated with markers of child development in this population,27,28 and exposure to atole for most of the first 3 years of life was associated with an increase of 0.4 years in attained schooling, with the association being stronger for females (1.2 years of schooling).21 Thus, schooling might be in the causal pathway between early childhood nutrition and adult intellectual functioning. Our estimates for the effect of exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months on reading comprehension scores were attenuated from 6.39 to 3.46 points with adjustment for schooling (notably, adjustment for the completion of primary schooling did not attenuate this estimated association; this may represent inadequate control for schooling). No such attenuation was observed for the Raven scores, regardless of the measure used to represent schooling. Our data are consistent with the model that early-life nutritional intervention results in improvements in growth and development, which in turn induce further parental investments, including schooling; both the improved nutrition and the higher levels of schooling are associated with improvements in adult cognitive functioning. Our data specifically suggest that early-life nutrition is independently associated with the Raven score, but that the association with reading comprehension is at least partially mediated through its association with increasing schooling. Early-life psychosocial interventions have strong associations with cognitive development4; these were not evaluated systematically in our study. Elsewhere, we suggest that the association between schooling and intellectual functioning in adulthood is substantially attenuated with adjustment for factors that predict height at age 7 years29; those results further reinforce the importance of early life circumstances in the development of cognitive functioning over the life course.
Our study was conducted in a resource-poor setting where stunting has been widespread among children and opportunities for schooling have been limited. In the early 1960s, schools consisted of single rooms with multiple ages and grades being taught simultaneously by a single teacher. We lack detailed measures for the quality of schooling but were able to control for 2 community-level characteristics that varied across villages and over time, namely, the student-teacher ratio and the materials used to construct the schools. We also controlled for year of birth, which captures any similar secular trends in schooling quality across all villages.
There have been 2 prior investigations of the relationship between nutrition in early life and later intellectual functioning in this cohort. Pollitt et al16 examined the cohort in 1988, when cohort members were aged 11 to 25 years and some, especially the younger members, were still in school. Li et al30 studied a sample of women who were living in the study villages and delivered an infant between 1991 and 1996. Both studies reported that exposure to atole in early childhood was associated with a larger estimate of the effect of schooling on reading comprehension. We did not observe this interaction in our study, which included a larger proportion of the cohort at ages when all had completed their schooling. Pollitt et al did not observe any association between exposure to atole and the Raven score, and Li et al did not examine this association.
The study population was not individually randomized to receive atole or fresco. With only 2 pairs of villages randomized, baseline differences among the villages are not fully addressed by randomization. These differences include patterns of schooling; rates of schooling were, and continue to be, higher in the fresco villages. We controlled for village and several individual and community factors potentially related to both decisions about school enrollment and later cognitive functioning. We were concerned that adult literacy programs, targeted at those with little formal schooling, might have biased our results. In practice, few respondents reported attending adult literacy programs.
Our analysis does not consider the dosage of nutrition supplement received, which previously has been shown to be related to factors such as the distance from the home to the feeding center.19 In addition, the potential for attrition bias must be considered. The major cause of attrition was mortality (274 deaths, representing 29.0% of all nonstudied individuals). We were able to obtain data on outcome measures for 60.5% of the cohort (68.4% of those not known to have died). For attrition to bias our results, those who were not studied would need to differ selectively with respect to their exposure to the intervention, with their schooling attainment, and with their current cognitive functioning. The first has been shown to have occurred,13 but we lack information on the latter two. To preserve the sample size while preventing introduction of further bias, we used multiple imputation to address covariate nonresponse; we did not impute values for the key outcome variables.
Our intervention was food-based and resulted in increased intakes of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and a range of micronutrients in those exposed to atole. Hence, we interpret our findings as suggestive of a role for high-quality food and not for specific nutrients.
Major efforts are under way to improve the nutrition of disadvantaged young children,31 and the second Millennium Development Goal is to achieve universal primary schooling everywhere by 2015.32 Even if the only effect of improved early-life interventions, whether nutritional or behavioral, is to induce parents to provide more schooling for their children, such interventions have a potential for high returns.33 The increment in the Raven Progressive Matrices scores associated with exposure to atole at ages 0 to 24 months represents the equivalent of 1.6 additional years of schooling. Our data, which suggest an effect of exposure to an enhanced nutritional intervention in early life that is independent of any effect of schooling, provide additional evidence in support of intervention strategies that link early investments in children34 to continued investments in early-life nutrition and in schooling.1
Correspondence: Aryeh D. Stein, MPH, PhD, Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 ([email protected]).
Accepted for publication: October 28, 2007.
Author Contributions: Dr Stein had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Stein, Martorell, and Ramakrishnan. Acquisition of data: Stein, Grajeda, Martorell, and Ramirez-Zea. Analysis and interpretation of data: Stein, Wang, DiGirolamo, Martorell, Ramakrishnan, and Yount. Drafting of the manuscript: Stein and Martorell. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Wang, DiGirolamo, Grajeda, Martorell, Ramakrishnan, Ramirez-Zea, and Yount. Statistical analysis: Wang. Obtained funding: Stein and Martorell. Administrative, technical, or material support: Grajeda and Martorell. Study supervision: Stein and Ramirez-Zea.
Financial Disclosure: None reported.
Funding/Support: This study was supported by grants R01 TW-05598 (Dr Martorell) and R01 HD-046125 (Dr Stein) from the National Institutes of Health and grant SES-0136616 (Dr Behrman) from the National Science Foundation. The National Institutes of Health, the Thrasher Fund, and the Nestle Foundation have funded the work of the INCAP Longitudinal Study since its inception.
Additional Contributions: Jere Behrman, PhD, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; John Hoddinott, PhD, and Agnes Quisumbing, PhD, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC; John Maluccio, PhD, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont; and Rafael Flores, PhD, Emory University, were additional investigators on the INCAP Longitudinal Study Follow-up Study of Human Capital Development. The present work would not have been possible without the dedication and outstanding work of a field team coordinated by Paul Melgar, MD, of INCAP, a data coordination center directed by Humberto Mendez and Luis Fernando Ramirez, both at INCAP, and data management by Alexis Murphy, MA, MS, at the International Food Policy Research Institute. We thank the participants of the INCAP Longitudinal Study for their cooperation and past investigators and staff for establishing and maintaining this invaluable cohort.
Stein AD, Wang M, DiGirolamo A, et al. Nutritional Supplementation in Early Childhood, Schooling, and Intellectual Functioning in Adulthood: A Prospective Study in Guatemala. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(7):612–618. doi:10.1001/archpedi.162.7.612
Coronavirus Resource Center
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This Beginners sewing class for Teens and Tweens will teach all the basics of learning to sew. We will then choose a project (or two) to create some easy sewing projects especially created for teens and tweens that can be made again at home!
We will go through all the basics that you will need to learn sewing for beginners including all the basics of the sewing machine. The class will then make a simple project (Bag, cushion cover or purse) using fabrics of your choice or bring along some of your favourites from home!
The ‘Sewing for Beginners Class’ are set in Greenwich Market in our studio upstairs and are always kept small in size (so we can get the most out of the workshop session) with nibbles & refreshments provided!
Miss Libby Rose will guide you through the following:-
Technical support: Threading up the machine, and all that you will need to get sewing. This will show you all the ins and outs of the sewing machine, there are 5 machines to choose from so you can use a machine best suited to you and your capability… Most of all in these classes – have fun and make something fabulous!
Sewing Techniques :- Handy techniques to use while sewing and manipulating the fabric in the machine. We will also look at easy ways to sew straight and keep to your guide!
Fabrics: Different types of fabrics useful for simple craft projects
Pattern Layout: You will learn how to lay a pattern economically onto fabric, patterns on the fabric to face the desired way!
Cutting and Preparing: You will learn how to properly cut around the patterns so it doesn’t slip and pin and prepare your craft project so they can be sewn up quickly and correctly.
Sewing and Finishing: You will sew up your project, press and finish off neatly for a professional look!
All materials will be provided including fabrics, patterns and handouts for you to carry on at home plus any tips and hints!
We are looking forward to welcoming you on a class – please contact us if you need any further information!
What some of our ‘Sewing for Beginners’ participants have to say: -
Hi Libby, I just wanted to say thanks for the great class last night! I am so pleased that I was able to walk in without any confidence in using a sewing machine, and walked out with a great bag! I’m amazed really! I really enjoyed the class, and just wanted to say thanks – just a little bit of knowledge goes a long way! You really have helped give me confidence to start sewing! Have a great day! Kind regards Sarah J “ Sarah Warrington
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Esperanto: Tomo agis laŭ kolera decido.
French: Tom a agi sur un coup de tête.
English: Tom acted on a whim.
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<filename>actions/brainstorm/saveidea.php<gh_stars>1-10
<?php
/**
* Idea save action
*
* @package Brainstorm
*/
gatekeeper();
elgg_load_library('brainstorm:utilities');
elgg_make_sticky_form('idea');
$title = strip_tags(get_input('title'));
$description = get_input('description');
$tags = get_input('tags');
$guid = (int)get_input('guid');
$container_guid = (int)get_input('container_guid', elgg_get_page_owner_guid());
$user_guid = elgg_get_logged_in_user_guid();
if (!$container_guid) {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:nogroup'));
forward(elgg_get_site_url() . "brainstorm/all");
}
$container = get_entity($container_guid);
if (!$container || !$container->canWritetoContainer()) {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:nogroup'));
forward(REFERER);
}
// check if user vote left under zero
$userPointsLeft = brainstorm_user_points_left($container_guid);
if ($container->brainstorm_submit_idea_without_point == '0') {
if ($userPointsLeft < 0 ) {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:failed'));
forward(elgg_get_site_url() . "brainstorm/group/{$container_guid}/top");
}
// check if user has rate more than brainstorm_nbr_points. Cannot submit if group submit without point is not permit
$user_ideas_count = elgg_get_entities_from_annotations(array(
'type' => 'object',
'subtype' => 'idea',
'owner_guid' => $user_guid,
'container_guid' => $container_guid,
'annotation_names' => 'point',
'limit' => 0,
'count' => true
));
$nbr_points = $container->brainstorm_nbr_points ? $container->brainstorm_nbr_points : 10;
if ($user_ideas_count >= $nbr_points) {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:too_much_ideas'));
forward(elgg_get_site_url() . "brainstorm/group/{$container_guid}/top");
}
}
if (!$title || !$description ) {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:empty'));
forward(REFERER);
}
if ($guid == 0) {
$idea = new ElggObject;
$idea->subtype = "idea";
$idea->container_guid = $container_guid;
$new = true;
} else {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:failed'));
forward(REFERER);
}
$tagarray = string_to_tag_array($tags);
$idea->title = $title;
$idea->description = $description;
$idea->access_id = $container->group_acl;
$idea->tags = $tagarray;
$idea->status = 'open';
if ($idea->save()) {
elgg_clear_sticky_form('idea');
system_message(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:success'));
//add to river and set annotation with minimum of 1 and max 3 points only if new. If group submit without point is permit and user points left = 0, rate 0.
if ($new) {
if ($container->brainstorm_submit_idea_without_point == 'on' && $userPointsLeft <= 0) {
$rate = 0;
} else {
$rate = 1;
if ($userPointsLeft >= 2) $rate = 2;
if ($userPointsLeft >= 3) $rate = 3;
}
if ( create_annotation($idea->getGUID(), 'point', $rate, 'integer', $user_guid, $idea->getAccessID()) ) {
} else {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:rate:error'));
}
add_to_river('river/object/brainstorm/create','create', $user_guid, $idea->getGUID());
}
forward($idea->getURL());
} else {
register_error(elgg_echo('brainstorm:idea:save:failed'));
forward(REFERER);
}
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Third Grade Boothbay Region History Program
The program presents the history of the region in the context of the history of the United States. Three hour-long classroom visits focus on how people lived, what they ate and wore, where they acquired goods, or how they made their goods, and how their lives differed from our lives today.
Second presentation: 1800 to 1865
Third presentation: 1865 to WWII
Students are introduced to the idea of primary source research with artifacts from the BRHS collection, such as diaries, which the students can handle. Also included are reproductions of historic artifacts which can be used in hands-on project for students. Each presentation includes a project such as writing with a quill pen, paper-making, making a clay vessel, or book-binding. Each student receives an activity booklet with copies of historic maps, word games, and a time-line.
This program is offered to schools free of charge. For more information please call us from 10 am to 2 pm, Wednesday through Saturday at 207.633.0820, or mail Outreach Manager Kathy Goldner at [email protected].
Bring Your Class to BRHS
A visit to the Boothbay Region Historical Society museum is the perfect activity for the end of the year.
Primary Source Research for High School Students
We are happy to have high school students do primary source research in our archives.
The towns of Boothbay, Boothbay Harbor, and Southport are the principal areas represented in the BRHS collections.
- Photographs: More than 15,000 images, including negatives, prints, scans, glass plates, and photographic postcards. Many of these images are available for sale as reprints.
- Newspapers: Thirteen feet of local newspapers dating from 1876 to the present.
- History files: More than 4,500 items arranged by more than 200 topics.
- Family files: Obituaries, genealogies, correspondence, news clippings pertaining to numerous local families.
- Special collections: Account books, day books, logs, ledgers, diaries, and family albums dating from the 1750s to the mid-1900s.
- Document boxes: Discrete, fairly large collections of information on families, businesses, schools, cultural organizations, and similar.
- Oral history: Video and audio interviews with area residents.
- Maps, surveys, nautical charts, vessel plans.
- Boothbay and Boothbay Harbor: Town reports, vital records, and valuation records.
- Books and periodicals: Generally secondary sources of historical information related to the region.
- Yearbooks: Boothbay region high schools, 1934-1992.
For more information please call us from 10 am to 2 pm, Wednesday through Saturday at 207.633.0820, or mail Outreach Manager Kathy Goldner at [email protected].
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### Technical Physics for Aerodynamics
Physics Applied to Aerodynamics, Bernoulli, Torque, and Newton’s Laws of Motion.
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from r/sonos
What do you mean it connects to Alexa without an authorized connection? It is not possible for Sonos to connect to Alexa unless you log in to your Amazon account in the Sonos app's Voice Services section.
Issues where your Sonos system can't be found are almost always reflective of a problem with the underlying network. You could plug one Sonos device into a wired connection and let SonosNet take over instead of using Wi-Fi. Although it should be known that if your controlling device (smartphone, laptop, etc.) has a bad connection to your network or is switching between multiple SSIDs, you will also see this error. In this case, you'd need to assess your Wi-Fi network.
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from subreddit PoliticalDiscussion
Cause it's a hobby, people own nice cars and are proud of them. It's not their fault that other people decide that they're going to get drunk and drive into things. The solution isn't taking away the fast cars, the solution is stopping people from driving drunk.
I assume you're a gamer cause you're on an internet forum, I could be wrong cause Reddit is weird but for the sake of my argument I'll assume. Doesn't make a lot of sense, does it?
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<p align="center">
<img src="docs/_images/logo.png" alt="logo">
</p>
<h1 align="center">moeci123</h1>
> :cake: 一个二次元动漫风格网址导航
[]()
[](https://github.com/yiyungent/moeci123/blob/master/LICENSE)
## 介绍
moeci123: 一个二次元动漫风格网址导航
## Donate
moeci123 is an MIT licensed open source project and completely free to use. However, the amount of effort needed to maintain and develop new features for the project is not sustainable without proper financial backing.
We accept donations through these channels:
- <a href="https://afdian.net/@yiyun" target="_blank">爱发电</a>
## Author
**moeci123** © [yiyun](https://github.com/yiyungent), Released under the [MIT](./LICENSE) License.<br>
Authored and maintained by yiyun with help from contributors ([list](https://github.com/yiyungent/moeci123/contributors)).
> GitHub [@yiyungent](https://github.com/yiyungent)
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Some creatures, it seems, just don't want you to be able tell their sex too easily. The physical differences between male and female armadillo lizards aren't clearly visible. You might need a measuring tape to tell girl and boy armadillo lizards apart.
I'm The Boy
This lizard is named after the armadillo because it can roll into a ball for protection. Both genders are yellowish-brown, which helps them blend in to their arid semidesert habitat. The male is larger, typically 2.95 to 4.13 inches from the tip of his nose to the base of his tail. The male also has a larger head and a longer tail. The male also has more distinct femoral pores. These holes on the lizard's inner thighs secrete scents to mark territory. The male's pores are always larger than the female's.The sex organs aren't visible, so you might be able to differentiate between the genders only if you observe these lizards mating, or if the female lays an egg. The male displays very territorial behavior and likes to defend his spot, whereas the female moves around male territories.
Tom Brakefield/Stockbyte/Getty Images
Based in London, Eleanor McKenzie has been writing lifestyle-related books and articles since 1998. Her articles have appeared in the "Palm Beach Times" and she is the author of numerous books published by Hamlyn U.K., including "Healing Reiki" and "Pilates System." She holds a Master of Arts in informational studies from London University.
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Flying fish are found in warm ocean waters around the world. They can grow to be 18 inches (35cm) long and are omnivores, with plankton being a big part of the diet.
To “fly,” the fish starts swimming quickly toward the surface at speeds of up to 37 mph (60 km/h). Once they break the surface, they reach heights of 4 feet (1.2 meters) and use their pectoral fins to glide up to 650 feet (200 meters) before returning to the water.
"Mind-Blowing" Discovery: Oldest Body of Seawater Found in Giant Crater
Too beautiful to be real? 16 surreal landscapes found on EarthTue, May 28 2013 at 11:30 AM
Related Topics:These bizarre locations may seem like a series of elaborate movie sets, but they are real destinations that you might want to see for yourself.Photo: Greg Mote/FlickrThe Wave, Arizona, U.S.* * *Travertines, Pamukkale, Turkey* * *Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park, U.S.* * *Red beach, Panjin, China* * *Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia* * *Photo: HopeHill/FlickrDragon's blood trees, Socotra, Yemen* * *Sossusvlei, Namibia* * *Rice terraces, Bali, Indonesia* * *Cappadocia, Anatolia, Turkey* * *Photo: Tormod Sandtorv/Flickr"Door to Hell," Derweze, Turkmenistan* * *Photo: Wenxiang Zheng/FlickrGiant's Causeway, Antrim, Northern Ireland, U.K.* * *Photo: kobaken/FlickrHitachi Seaside Park, Hitachinaka, Japan* * *Giant Buddha, Leshan, China* * *Tunnel of Love, Klevan, Ukraine* * *Antelope Canyon, Arizona, U.S.* * *Odle Mountains, Italy
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What about accessibility
"Accessibility means that anyone using any kind of web browsing technology must be able to visit any site and get a full and complete understanding of the information contained there, as well as have the full and complete ability to interact with the site." - Chuck Letourneau
Website Design using web standards
We use web standards as the foundation to every web design project. By developing and designing in this way we can ensure the best usability and accessibility on every project. Visitors like disabled people, Mac users, and mobile phone users need sites to be as accessible as possible. Why do you need a website built using web standards:
Web standards make your look good
Websites built using web standards combined with best practices for accessibility, will let everyone know your company has taken steps to ensure good accessibility for everyone, and also show that you think it is important that everybody can use your online services or find information about your products.
Maximising your potential visitors
You can't be sure which device visitors will use to access your site. By using web standards properly you are making sure your website can be accessed from the largest possible number of browsing devices.
Your website will load Faster
Code that separates structure and content from presentation is generally much more compact than table and spacer image based websites. Your users will not wait long for your website to load.
People with disabilities also use a number of different screen readers and tools to access the web. By using current web standards, you can ensure that your web pages will reach the widest possible audience.
Higher search engine rankings
Clean well written content and simple structured semantic mark-up will help your search engine rankings. A higher search engine ranking will mean more people getting to see your website.
Future proof content
Websites that separate content from presentation and use current web standards, have the best chance of ensuring their websites long life. As new technology and browsers are released websites that use web standards will still be readable.
Not sure about web standards
All you need to understand about web standards is that by designing and building web sites with these standards simplifies and lowers the cost of production, while delivering sites that are accessible to more people and more types of Internet devices. Sites developed along these lines will continue to function correctly as traditional desktop browsers evolve, and as new Internet devices come to market.
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Young children can learn and use deep breathing techniques to strengthen their mind/body connection and relax, according to researchers from the Mayo Clinic.
Controlled breathing, also referred to as belly or abdominal breathing, is a deep, slow inhalation that expands the diaphragm downward and draws air deep into the lungs, pushing the belly out as the lungs fill up. This is followed by a long controlled exhale as the diaphragm muscles relax and air flows out. This specific breathing increases the oxygen supply to the brain and stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which promotes a state of calmness. It shifts the individual from the “fight or flight” instinct on high alert to a state where the heart rate slows, blood pressure lowers, and pain decreases.
For children, researchers add that deep breathing can become a part of a bedtime routine to encourage calmness and relaxation. Incorporating images and phrases can enhance the deep breathing. It may also hep relieve frequent headache pain or stomachaches. The following is recommended:
- Find a comfortable position. If possible, lie down on a flat surface.
- Place a hand on your belly or an object, such as a stuffed animal or even a book. Your hand/object should rise as you take a big breath and your hand should fall as you let the air out slowly over a period of several seconds.
- Breathe in through your nose and out through your mouth. Let your shoulders and neck relax with the movement in your abdomen. Repeat 15–20 times.
- Consider adding a short phrase in your mind with the breathing: “I am” on the inhalation, “relaxed” on the exhalation. You could also slowly count to four on each breath.
For more information visit MayoClinic.org.
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Question: Frankie Sykes is saving money to buy a new knitting kits. The knitting kits costs $229 and they already have $84. Frankie Sykes's friend gives them an additional $108. How much money does Frankie Sykes need to buy the knitting kits?
Answer: Deduct the amount saved from the total cost of the knitting kits. $229 - $84 = $145
Deduct the amount of money Frankie Sykes received from their friend. $145 - $108 = $37. The result is 37.
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Tuesday, August 05, 2008
Water, water everywhere
And all the bergs did shrink ;
Water, water, every where,
Nor any left to shrink
The very caps did rot : O Christ !
That ever this should be !
Yea, slimy things did crawl with legs
Upon the slimy land!
OK, Eli is getting carried away. Using Alastair's Criterion
Click to enlarge the global sea ice area graph below
Something is happening. It is probably not a good thing
Anonymous said...
Rabett, you are a tease!
A quick glance at graphs you so kindly provided, would convince your most ardent admirers that Antarctic ice area and total ice area have both gone into negative anomaly pretty well evey year of the graph period. And this is something amazing Rabett, it recovered. Yes, Antarctic ice and total ice area then moved into positive anomaly.
The "nigh" is still not upon us Rabbet.
Boris said...
I await Roger's post on this development.
EliRabett said...
It fell off the southern fried table John (click on the figure to blow it up. It went from +1 million sq km to -0.5 in a few days.
Nick Barnes said...
The SH anomaly seems to have gradually declined from +1Mkm^2 over the course of about a month.
Nick Barnes said...
It has been pretty clear from MODIS for several days now that the northern route is clear from the east as far as Resolute, and that the southern route is clear from the west as far as Queen Maud Gulf. That leaves the bit in between. There were a couple of MODIS shots at the weekend which seemed to show this route (Peel Sound, James Ross Strait, Simpson Strait) clear enough. Frustratingly I can't find them now. More frustratingly, there is now cloud over Larsen Sound etc, and also the near-real-time MODIS page isn't being updated today.
However, there's high pressure over the northern passage, and temperatures of around 12, and a fair easterly breeze to push the ice out into the Beaufort Sea. I still think the northern passage will be visibly clear at the weekend.
Hank Roberts said...
Soon, they're saying
(hat tip to Wayne at RC)
Anonymous said...
OMG, Less Arctic ice and more AntArctic ice, but obviously you major on the AntArctic. World temperatures down, what to do? Divert, divert.
Dano said...
World temperatures down
Who are these bullsh*tters bullsh*tting around here? Are they unit testing their FUD?
Anonymous said...
Don't get it. Looking at the last two charts, that cover a very short period, it is not clear that anything unusual is happening even for that short period. Yes, it fluctuates. Is anything more than this happening?
In the top one by the way, what happened in 1980? That was a dip to dwarf the present one. Presumably that was not GW caused?
anon 11.17
Tracy P. Hamilton said...
Anonymous needs glasses, if he thinks that 1980 has a dip to dwarf the present one.
Rabett's post was about global sea ice. I had a peek at the arctic sea ice decline, and it appears that the melting rate is quite rapid the past few days.
Anonymous said...
Maybe I do need glasses. What I see is an anomaly of -1.5 in 1980, a level not equalled in any other year since.
Or am I misinterpreting the graph?
Flavius Collium said...
anonymous, are we looking at the same graph?
There are numerous dips below anomaly -1.5 and long stays below it too...
Flavius Collium said...
Ah, you were looking at the southern hemisphere. Weird indeed...
Henk L. said...
Actually a sailor is on it's way trying to do the NW passage, following the smell of carrots.
See http://baloumgwen.canalblog.com/
Anonymous said...
flavius, yes, the SH. What happened back then? Its really marked.
Patrick said...
Actually, there are 4 known boats in the NW Passage. One coming from west, is BELLOT Strait mouth by 71 50N 95 30W.
3 others coming east, are near Resolute.
Anonymous said...
lat year at this time, sea ice had already pretty much bottomed out but this year it shows no signs of doing so.
Even if ice melt continues at a slower pace for the next couple weeks (unless ice melt pretty much goes from the current rate to zero in a few days -- immediately flattens out), ice area will drop below last year's minimum.
The median time for the minimum is actually the end of the first week of September, so if i were a betting man, I'd say this year's min will beat last year's.
Arun said...
NW passage opening - I said aug 4. Pretty close, I think.
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The fracking debate is often framed around two themes: horror stories about the danger
of fracking and stories of the glories of the American energy renaissance. Daniel Raimis
goal in The Fracking Debate is to move beyond these polarized arguments by presenting
a full view of shale development in the United States, drawing both from the groundlevel
experiences Ive had and from the academic literature that continues to develop
(p. 6). Presenting the full view of fracking depends on accepting three key facts: first, the
shale revolution has created benefits; second, the shale revolution has caused damage
and imposed costs; and, finally, there are still a number of important uncertainties.
Raimis impressive work certainly accomplishes its goal of providing a balanced, nuanced,
and thoughtful analysis of the consequences of the shale revolution.
Chapter 1 addresses one of the key questions of fracking: With all that we do not
know about fracking, why take the risk? This question raises the specter of the precautionary
principlethe notion that until all risks are fully understood, its best to wait.
In response, Raimi notes, If the precautionary principle is the lodestar by which we
navigate risks and rewards, it quickly becomes difficult to justify using any number of
new technologies (p. 7). Addressing this issue early on sets the stage for the thoughtful
analysis that follows.
Chapter 2 presents an overview of the shale boom that gives the unmistakable
feeling that we have seen these types of booms (and busts) earlier and will see them
again. The narrative recognizes the role of entrepreneurs such as George Mitchell, the
founder of Mitchell Energy, in developing techniques to frack shale gas. It also emphasizes
an important point of confusion: fracking is only one aspect of the oil and gas
industry. In addition, some problemsspills, leaksdo not require that we ban
fracking but rather that we improve regulation.
Chapters 3, 4, and 5 address the costs of fracking: Does fracking contaminate
water? Will fracking make me sick? Does fracking cause earthquakes? Anyone interested
in the state of research on the costs of fracking will find these chapters indispensable.
Raimi provides a masterful review of what economists, scientists, and engineers know
about the harmful external consequences of fracking. What is especially compelling is
that the book considers what the best available research finds and explains how research
has often been misapplied both by those seeking to boost fracking and by those
antifracking groups promoting a ban. These chapters address the challenges of assessing
a causal relationship between fracking and harms, but, unlike many pro- or antifracking
groups, Raimi uses these challenges to call for additional researchan eminently
reasonable proposition. Anecdotes from the field give these accounts a human element
often lost in reading the academic research on fracking.
Chapter 6 and 7 address regulation of fracking and frackings impact on climate
change, respectively. The chapters are remarkably balanced. One of the key themes
regarding regulation is that there has been substantial regulation of shale gas at the state
level and that there probably ought to be more of a role for the Environmental
Protection Agency in regulating air pollution caused by fracking. The authors conclusion
seems reasonable: Ultimately, the choice of which level of government should
take the lead in regulating oil and gas development comes down to a matter of trust in
different levels of government (p. 105). The analysis of climate change makes clear that
fracking benefits the global environment by displacing coal but also recognizes that
renewable energies deserve some credit as well. Raimis conclusions regarding climate
change will not satisfy everyone but seem for the most part correct: fracking is neither a
hero nor a villain in the climate-change story.
The rest of the book continues to provide insight into questions people might
have about the shale boom. Chapter 8 considers whether fracking is good for the
economy. Most evidence shows it is, but estimating impacts in the long run requires
more time and data. Chapters 9 and 10 consider the international aspects of fracking,
including the question of Americas energy independence (fracking makes us more
independent, and thats good) and how the rest of the world is doing with fracking
(its falling behind).
The two final chapters consider beliefs more explicitly. Traveling through small
towns and rural communities, Raimi met hundreds of people, which led him to the
following perception: On the whole, the positive tends to outweigh the negative, but
the stories of the people living through the booms and busts are rarely simple (p. 205).
The book concludes with a request to listen to the other side of debates and to wrestle
with thorny and complex trade-offs for which there are no easy answers.
The books greatest strength is its ability to see the big picture of the shale boom.
This is especially refreshing when one considers the academic literatures usual focus on
pinpointing the external costs of fracking. Hundreds of excellent papers show how
fracking might generate some costs, but such costs are inherent in economic development. The books focus instead on costs, benefits, and uncertainties is certainly correct.
The accounting for uncertainties may not convince all readers. Anyone who is
deeply committed to the precautionary principle will likely respond that it makes more
sense to prevent fracking until we know more about its benefits and costs. Others will
contend that regardless of the benefits, some of the costs are simply not acceptable. For example, any link between health and fracking may be unacceptable. But this disagreement
is not a weakness of the book. Raimi offers insight for those who are willing
to discuss the benefits and costs. His analysis is therefore much more practical than
debates about the precautionary principle, which in the United States has generally not
swayed public policy, as evidenced by the massive increase in shale production. This
book delivers what policy makers and citizens need to know given the reality of the shale
boom (and possible bust).
There are a few things the book doesnt do, including putting a number on the net
benefits from fracking, though there are economic studies that do so (see, for instance,
Catherine Hausman and Ryan Kellogg, Welfare and Distributional Implications of
Shale Gas, National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER] Working Paper no. 21115
[Cambridge, Mass.: NBER, 2015]). Raimi also views trust in government as the most
important reason to decide on which level of governance is most appropriate. Yet as Paul
Dragos Aligica, Peter J. Boettke, and Vlad Tarko discuss in Public Governance and the
Classical-Liberal Perspective: Political Economics Foundations (New York: Oxford
University Press, 2019), there is also an epistemic reason to choose polycentric governance,
which means taking advantage of local knowledge and expertise, as well as to
encourage policy experimentation. Nor does Raimis account explicitly consider the
institutional foundations of the shale boom, such as how property rights and polycentric
governance enabled the shale boom or how these institutions explain why the United
States has left much of the world behind in shale production. Nonetheless, even if the
book has limitations in exploring why we see the shale boom, it does an exceptional job
explaining what has come of that boom.
A case can also be made that The Fracking Debate does not go far enough in
clarifying that by most economic standards the benefits of fracking would appear to
outweigh its costs. As Timothy Fitzgerald shows, evidence of costs due to
frackingand not the result of other impacts associated with developmentis elusive,
and the easily observable benefits in terms of increased reserves, higher production, and
lower energy prices appear to exceed the costs (Frackonomics: Some Economics of
Hydraulic Fracturing, Case Western Law Review 63, no. 4 : 133762). Indeed,
a colleague and I find that from an economic perspective there should not be so much
debate: fracking generates massive benefits in excess of its costs (see Ilia Murtazashvili
and Ennio E. Piano, More Boon Than Bane: How the U.S. Reaped the Rewards and
Avoided the Costs of the Shale Boom,The Independent Review 24, no. 2 [Fall 2019]:
24972). Yet one cannot fault the book for providing the relevant information and
allowing interested readers to draw their own conclusions regarding whether the
benefits of fracking exceed its costs.
The Fracking Debate accomplishes what it sets out to do. It provides a wealth of
insight into the most significant aspects of fracking. It is a useful manual for local
politicians and policy makers seeking to address questions at a town hall. Some of my
colleagues have remarked on how useful it is for teaching about these issues, and I, too,
have found it very useful in this regard. Anyone interested in researching fracking can use this book to see the lay of the land as far as existing studies. And its overarching
ambitionto use fieldwork and academic research to overcome the polarization of
American politicsis a worthy example for scholars who want to increase the political
and social significance and impact of their research.
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เพราะอะไรการจัดการเงินสำหรับการพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์ถึงสำคัญ เพราะว่าถ้าหากเพื่อนๆพี่ๆน้องๆปรารถนาที่จะเงิน เพื่อนพ้องๆจำต้องศึกษาการจัดการจัดแจงเงิน แม้กระนั้นคนโดยส่วนใหญ่ได้ละเลยมันไป ถ้าหากสหายๆพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์โดยที่ไม่คิดหรือคิดแผนนั้น เพื่อนพ้องๆกำลังไปสู่สภาพการณ์หมดตูดได้ เพราะเหตุว่าสหายๆมิได้มองดูเป็นการลงทุนระยะยาว แม้กระนั้นเพื่อนๆพี่ๆน้องๆกำลังคอยราวกับถูกเบอร์ การจัดการเงินไม่เพียงแต่ช่วยสหายๆคุ้มครองปกป้องเงินลงทุน ยังสามารถทำมีผลกำไรในระยะยาวอีกด้วยมาดูแบบอย่างกันเลยดีกว่า
เจ้ามือจะเป็นผู้ที่เก่งเรื่องสถิติเค้าทราบว่าระยะยาวแล้ว เจ้ามือจะเป็นคนได้เงิน ไม่ใช่เรา ถึงจะมีคนแทงถูก เป็นเงินโต แต่ว่าก็จะมีสหายๆผู้อื่นอีกมากยิ่งกว่าร้อยที่ผิด แล้วเงินพวกนี้ ก็จะเป็นของเจ้ามือสุดท้าย อันนี้เป็นตัวอย่างที่ชี้ให้เห็นว่า สถิติสามารถสร้างผลกำไรได้เหนือในทางสถิติหรือเจ้ามือ ในกรณีนี้ทราบว่าจะควบคุมการสิ้นไปที่อาจจะมีการเกิดขึ้นได้ยังไงถ้าหากทำเป็น เพื่อนพ้องๆก็จะมีผลกำไรได้
แบบอย่าง สมมุติว่าเพื่อนๆพี่ๆน้องๆมีเงินอยู่ 10,000 บาท เพื่อนๆพี่ๆน้องๆพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์พลาดไป 5,000 บาท สหายๆเสียไปทั้งสิ้นกี่เปอร์เซนต์ คำตอบเป็น 50 เปอร์เซนต์ แล้วสหายๆจำต้องทำกี่เปอร์เซนต์เงิน 5,000 บาท ของสหายๆถึงจะกลับมาเหมือนเดิมเป็น 10,000 บาท คำตอบก็คือจะต้องทำถึง 100 เปอร์เซนต์ เป็นยังไงต่อไปนี้เพียงพอจะเห็นอะไรขึ้นบ้างหรือเปล่า
อันที่จริงแล้วแนวทางการนี้ก็เอามาจากเซียนโป๊กเกอร์โน่นแหล่ะ ไม่มีเซียนโป๊กเกอร์ผู้ใดกันในโลกนี้ ที่เล่นแล้วชนะ 100 เปอร์เซ็นต์นะครับ ก็แค่เค้าชนะมากยิ่งกว่าแพ้ แล้วก็การที่เค้าจะได้กำไรได้โน่นคืนเค้ายังมีทุนเล่นถัดไปจนถึงจบเกมยกตัวอย่างชัดๆจากการพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์หรือพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์ออนไลน์ สถิติการพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์เป็น เล่นได้ราวๆ 55-70 เปอร์เซ็นต์
หากแบ่งเป็นการพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์เป็นคู่ละกัน ในหนึ่งเดือนมีเงินที่กันไว้สำหรับพนันคาสิโนออนไลน์โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง ก็จากค่าตอบแทนรายเดือนของพวกเราเองโน่นอหละ 20,000 บาท ในเดือนหนึ่งจะเล่นราวๆ 10 คู่แค่นั้นไม่เล่นมากยิ่งกว่านี้ ถ้าหากเป็นเพื่อนๆจะจัดแบ่งการแบ่งเงินสำหรับในการเล่นอย่างไร
ซึ่งในขณะนี้เทคโนโลยีได้ความก้าวหน้าเล่นเกมให้มีความล้ำยุคสะดวกเยอะขึ้นเรื่อยๆ แล้วก็เว็บต่างๆได้เกิดขึ้นกันอย่างมากมาย ก็เลยทำให้คนประเทศไทยส่วนมากหันมาเล่นเกมออนไลน์กันมากเพิ่มขึ้นเพราะว่าสามารถเล่นได้ทุกเมื่อทุกๆที่ที่มีอินเตอร์เน็ตเชื่อมต่อไม่ต้องเสียเวล่ำเวลาสำหรับเพื่อการเดินทางไปเล่นภึงบ่อนคาสิโนเข้ามาสัมผัสความเพลิดเพลินกับพวกเราได้แล้วที่ OLE98 จบครบทุกเรื่อง
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If I had a nickel for every nickel you could make from the nickel in supernova SN1999em, I’d be very, very, VERY rich.
If I were you, dear BABloggee, I’d be thinking, “What the what?” So let me explain. Well, let me explain in a minute. First, I want to introduce you to the gorgeous but somewhat lopsided spiral galaxy NGC 1637, care of the Very Large Telescope in Chile:
NGC 1637 is a decent-size spiral galaxy about 26 million light years away. That’s pretty close for a galaxy, roughly equivalent to being down the block in our galactic neighborhood. As you can see, it’s noticeably asymmetric—lopsided—with the arm to the upper left a lot longer than its counterpart on the other side. This kind of thing is fairly common, occurring in about a third of all spiral galaxies. It’s even more common when the galaxy is part of a cluster of galaxies, so it’s probably due to gravitational interactions with other galaxies as they pass close by.
The image here is a combination of many pictures taken over quite some time starting in 1999. Why then? Because an exploding star was discovered in late October of that year, given the designation SN1999em (the 143rd such exploding star to be discovered that year*). Because the galaxy is fairly close, this explosion got bright enough to be seen even with small telescopes, and it became one of the best observed supernovae of its day.
The Very Large Telescope was used to observe it many times, getting great shots of the host galaxy NGC 1637 as well as important observations of the supernova. The star was probably about eight times the mass of the Sun when it went kablooie. Stars like that create a lot of heavy elements in their core: oxygen, carbon, silicon, and nickel, to name a few. When the star explodes, a lot of energy is generated, and those materials are scattered at very high speed. Not only that, new elements are created in the blast as the nuclei of these elements get slammed by subatomic particles from the blast.
One of these elements is nickel (“AHA!” I hear you thinking, “Finally!”). The kind of nickel made specifically is nickel-56, usually written 56Ni. It’s radioactive, and decays into cobalt-56 which in turn decays into iron-56. Do you see any iron materials around you? Maybe steel in your desk, or in the girders in your house or building. Or maybe you’re bleeding. If you are, go take care of that, but as you do so note that your blood is red due to the molecule hemoglobin, which transports oxygen in your body to where you need it. Hemoglobin is a complicated molecule, but at its center is—you guessed it—iron. That iron was almost certainly produced in some ancient exploding star billions of years ago.
But back to nickel. How much was blown out in SN1999em, specifically? It turns out the total nickel in the supernova was about 0.02 times the mass of the Sun. The Sun has a mass of 2 x 1027 tons, so the mass of nickel created in the supernova was 4 x 1025 tons. So, yeah, a lot of nickel. If you could gather up all that nickel you could make a planet the size of Jupiter, a thousand times the volume of the Earth. A pure nickel planet. Cool.
So, to coin a phrase: We are star stuff.
But how much money is that in actual nickels? A U.S. nickel has a mass of five grams. But we have to be careful: only ¼ of the mass of a nickel is actually nickel; the other ¾ is copper. So let’s assume we have an infinite supply of copper somewhere to add to our stash of nickel nickels, and we only need 1.25 grams of nickel per nickel.
The supernova expelled 4 x 1031 grams of nickel, which would make 3.2 x 1031 nickels. As I mentioned, that’s a lot. If you stacked them (given their thickness of 1.95 mm) they’d stretch clear across the Universe…dozens of times. I had to check my math several times for that because I simply couldn’t believe it. It’s insane.
And how much money is that?
It would be the tidy sum of $1.6 x 1030, or 1.6 million trillion trillion dollars.
1,600,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 dollars. Huh.
With that much money you could pay off the entire U.S. national debt 100 quadrillion times, and still have enough spare change to get a few billion cups of coffee. With extra cream. Even at Starbucks.
Sounds like a great get-rich plan! The only trouble is the nickel from a supernova is a) at a temperature of thousands of degrees, 2) spread out over several cubic light years of space, γ) expanding at several thousand kilometers per second, and iv) remember, highly radioactive, releasing enough energy to power the glow of the supernova for several weeks. Also, in this particular case, it’s located 26 million light years away, so there may prohibitively high transportation costs.
Ah well. I never really planned on getting rich from astronomy. It’s actually payment enough having so much fun figuring this stuff out.
[Note to my editor: It’s not actually payment enough. Please pay me. Just not with nickels.]
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FROM SUBREDDIT fatlogic
"fairly pointless exercise" - I suppose if one has this attitude then they likely aren't going to get much out of an exercise regime. Yes, I suppose we are born with a "body type". I have a small (but fairly tall) frame but I managed to get pretty chunky despite that. And it *was* hard work to lose fat but I've kept it off for 3 years now and it's not that difficult. I just wish I'd been better educated on how to get and stay in shape two decades ago so I could have enjoyed my twenties a little more. Better late than never.
edit: kept it off for 3 years, not 4. Having an off night here.
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Say what you want about President Barack Obama, but you can't deny that his presidency has been great for the gun business.
When Obama took office in January 2009, there was panic among the gun-owning and -buying community that the new president would move quickly to change existing gun laws. Depending on who you asked, those fears ranged from restricting the types of guns Americans could own to striking down the Second Amendment and sending troops into people's home to confiscate their guns.
Some of those concerns were reasonable, and some were overblown -- but Obama's election set off an impressive sales run for the two leading gun manufacturers in the United States: Sturm, Ruger & Company (NYSE:RGR) and Smith & Wesson Holding Corp. (NASDAQ:AOBC). Propelled by increasing demand, Ruger saw its stock rise from an adjusted close of $4.98 per share on Jan. 20, 2009 (the day Obama was sworn in) to $66.95 on May 25, 2016 -- a gain of more than 1,000%. Smith & Wesson did not do quite as well, but it nonetheless notched a market-stomping gain of 869% over that period.
Why are gun sales up?
Obama's mere presence in the White House pushed demand for guns even when it became clear that he lacked the political capital necessary to reform gun laws even if he wanted to. The end of his term, however, eliminates any possibility that he will somehow buck a Republican-controlled Congress and pass anti-gun legislation.
If Hillary Clinton follows Obama, even though she will almost certainly face the same Republican-dominated legislature, her being a liberal Democrat suggests that the status quo would remain, and the gun industry would still have the looming threat of new laws to drive sales. However, if Donald Trump, the presumptive Republican nominee, wins the White House, then that threat will evaporate, as the candidate has been very clear on his stance on guns:
The Second Amendment guarantees a fundamental right that belongs to all law-abiding Americans. The Constitution doesn't create that right -- it ensures that the government can't take it away. Our Founding Fathers knew, and our Supreme Court has upheld, that the Second Amendment's purpose is to guarantee our right to defend ourselves and our families. This is about self-defense, plain and simple.
Trump has a multi-point plan stating that he is against banning any type of gun or limiting how big a magazine someone can use. He also wants to expand "right-to-carry" laws so that concealed-carry permits issued in one state apply to all 50. It's a pro-gun plan, and the candidate has already been endorsed by the National Rifle Association (NRA), so it's fair to say that President Trump wouldn't be taking anyone's guns away.
That removes a threat that has pushed the industry forward, and it could cause gun sales to collapse.
RGR Chart
Image source: YCharts.
Why might Trump be bad for the gun industry?
"It sounds perverse, but gun manufacturers should be hoping for a Clinton victory," Robert R. Johnson, president and CEO of The American College of Financial Services, told The Motley Fool. "They will benefit from speculation that a Clinton administration would seek to enact gun control legislation. This will lead to people buying more guns and ammunition in anticipation of tougher gun legislation."
Johnson explained that while Trump may be pro-gun, that could actually be bad for the industry.
Image source:
"A Trump presidency would mean less urgency in purchasing guns and ammo," he wrote. "Fear of change in gun control laws and the potential ramifications of changes will drive more revenue for gun manufacturers."
But for some in the gun industry, the prospect of a short-term slowdown in sales is not enough to outweigh the long-term threats posed by a president who favors gun control reform.
Joshua Waldron is CEO of SilencerCo, the largest manufacturer of suppressors for firearms. "Our next president will be responsible for appointing at least one, if not several, justices to the Supreme Court, which will have crucial influence over our judicial landscape, and could enact changes that reverberate for decades," Waldron told the Fool. "If an anti-gun shift occurs, landmark cases such as the Heller case might be overruled, and the road to abolishing our Second Amendment would be paved without much resistance."
Waldron, a member of the NRA Legislative Policy Committee, said that possibility was "most plausible" with Hillary Clinton in the White House.
"While Trump may seem like a loose cannon, and on many issues I believe he is, he is the friendliest candidate to our firearm community," he said.
It would be a short-term hit
Should Trump win, his pro-gun stance would likely hurt gun companies, who would see their impressive growth slow down, but ultimately Johnson expects it would be a short-term hit.
"I don't see a long-term drop in gun sales, just less urgency," he wrote. "Some of Trump's positions and statements may lead to more gun purchases as people feel less secure."
For Ruger and Smith & Wesson, a Trump victory would eliminate their greatest sales motivator while also protecting their businesses for a long time. Of course, Obama has not actually been able to pass any anti-gun legislation due to Republican control of Congress. But reality is not what's driving gun sales. It's the Democratic bogeyman that the gun industry has to thank.
Daniel Kline has no position in any stocks mentioned. He does not own a gun, but has a compound bow for target shooting. The Motley Fool has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
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ไม่ลองไม่ได้แล้ว สำหรับ สล็อตเว็บตรงPG รวมเกมอันดับ 1 ที่มาเปลี่ยนชีวิต ให้ผู้เล่น ให้ชีวิตดีขึ้นกว่าเดิม สนุกเล่นได้อย่างต่อเนื่อง เราให้บริการ ผ่านเว็บออนไลน์ เว็บตรง สล็อตระดับโลก ที่คุณเลือกเล่นได้อย่างเต็มที่ ให้บริการความสนุก ส่งตรงถึงมือ ในรูปแบบแนวใหม่ ๆ ที่ต้องการ ฝากถอนได้จริง ผ่อนคลาย ทุกการเดิมพัน ช่องทางการหาเงิน แจกโบนัสเยอะ แบบไม่อั้น ลงทุนแล้ว ได้เงินจริง ถอนกำไร ได้ทันที เกมสล็อตออนไลน์ เกมที่ได้รับความนิยมมากที่สุด PG SLOT เว็บตรง สล็อตต่างประเทศ อันดับ 1 ที่มือใหม่ ก็คว้ากำไรได้จริง รวมอยู่ที่นี่แล้ว เล่นเกมแห่งนี้ มีทั้งความสุข และสนุก พร้อมเงินรางวัล ส่งตรงถึงมือ อยากลองเล่นเกม ได้เงินง่าย แจกโบนัสให้ไม่อั้น สล็อตเว็บตรงpg แตกง่าย เข้ามาได้เลย ที่นี่
ทำไม สล็อตเว็บตรง PG เล่นฟรี เกมดัง รวยทันที
เพราะที่นี่ เว็บดีเน้นคุณภาพ เรามั่นใจ สล็อตเว็บตรงpg 2022 เปิดระบบเดิมพันอันดับ 1 ที่พร้อมให้คุณวางใจ เมื่อเข้ามาเป็นส่วนหนึ่ง บนเว็บสล็อต ค่ายเกมดัง แบรนด์ใหญ่ ระดับต่างประเทศ เล่นง่าย ได้เงินชัวร์ ไม่จำกัด ในการโอนออก บริการเกมสล็อต อันดับหนึ่ง สมัครสมาชิกง่าย จัดหนัก จัดเต็ม ทุกความสนุก อัดแน่นคุณภาพ เลือกเล่นได้อย่างเต็มที่ บน เว็บตรงสล็อต ลิขสิทธิ์แท้ จากค่ายเกม ระดับโลก นำเข้าความสนุกบนช่องทาง ที่คุณเลือกได้เอง อัปเดตความสนุกง่าย ๆ มีเกมใหม่ ๆ ทุกสัปดาห์ ให้เล่นได้ ไม่มีเบื่อ อย่างแน่นอน สร้างรายได้ ด้วยระบบที่ทันสมัย เหมาะสมกับ ผู้เล่นยุคใหม่ ที่นิยมสร้าง กำไร จากการเล่นเกมง่าย ๆ สล็อตเว็บตรงpg วอลเล็ต ถอนเงินได้ทันที ที่งบน้อยก็เล่นได้ สล็อตพีจี เว็บตรง ขั้นต่ำ 1 บาท ช่องทางสร้างรายได้ แหล่งรวมเกมทำเงิน ส่งตรงจากต่างประเทศ ที่คุณจะประทับใจ ที่คุณไม่ผิดหวัง ยิ่งเล่น ยิ่งรวย
ขอแนะนำ สล็อตเว็บตรงpg เกมดัง ที่กำลังเป็นที่นิยม
สล็อตpg เว็บตรง รวมเกมที่ได้รับความนิยม ที่บริการระบบที่ทันสมัย เล่นเกมได้ ทุกที่ ทุกเวลา เริ่มต้นความสนุก ได้เลยทันที สำหรับผู้ที่ชื่นชอบ การเล่นสล็อต มั่นใจได้เลยว่า ได้รับบริการดี อย่างเต็มที่ เต็มรูปแบบ ไม่ว่าจะเป็น เกมออนไลน์ชั้นนำ เราก็พร้อมให้บริการทุกท่าน ด้วยความจริงใจ
สล็อตเว็บตรงเครดิตฟรี ที่แจกให้เล่นเกมฟรี ๆ ทดลองเล่นได้ ตลอดทั้งวัน ไม่มีสะดุด ด้วยระบบนวัตกรรมทันสมัย เพื่อฝึกฝนฝีมือ ก่อนลงเดิมพันจริง เรียนรู้ในตัวเกม ในการเอาชนะเกม เพื่อชิงเงินรางวัล เครดิตที่ได้มา ท่านจะนำไปต่อยอด หรือถอนออกก็ได้
เพราะที่นี่ให้โบนัส แจ็กพอตออกบ่อย ได้รับตลอดทั้งวัน 24 ชม. ให้แบบไม่มีกั๊ก ใจป๋า สนุก สร้างรายได้ ทำกำไร ได้ทุกวัน ไม่มีวันหยุด ทุนน้อยก็เล่นได้ ลงทุนระยะสั้น ทำกำไรได้ ระยะยาว ขอบอกเลยว่า เข้าเล่นที่นี่ คุ้มค่าแน่นอน
สล็อตpg เว็บตรง ไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ รวมเกมชั้นนำ โดยตรง ส่งตรงถึงมือ พร้อมแจกโบนัส และโปรโมชั่นมากมาย ให้อย่างเต็มที่ สนุกทุกเกม ที่คัดมาจาก ทั่วทุกมุมโลก ดูแลสมาชิก ตลอดทั้งวัน ระดับพรีเมียม พร้อมคำแนะนำดี ๆ ปรึกษาฟรี ไม่มีค่าใช้จ่าย แถมไม่มีค่าธรรมเนียม
เลือกเล่นได้ อย่างอิสระ กราฟิกสวย และความสมจริง การันตีได้เงินจริง ที่มีเกมมากกว่า 900 เกม เล่นง่าย โบนัสแตกบ่อย ด้วยเกมคุณภาพ นำเข้าจากต่างประเทศ ทวีปเอเชีย ยุโรป เลือกเกมที่แตกง่าย ได้เงินไว มีเงินทันใช้ แน่นอน เรากล้ารับประกันความปลอดภัย ด้วยระบบมาตรฐาน
สล็อตทำเงิน ที่เปิดให้บริการมาเป็นเวลาอย่างยาวนาน ครองใจผู้คนได้ทั่วโลก มีผู้เล่นทั้งรายใหม่ และผู้เล่นคนเก่า เข้ามาใช้บริการมากกว่าแสนรายต่อวัน เว็บคุณภาพได้รับมาตรฐานสากล ระดับโลก เปิดโอกาสให้ผู้เล่นที่สนใจ ในการสร้างเงิน ทำกำไร ได้เข้ามาสัมผัส ประสบการณ์ใหม่ ๆ แล้ววันนี้ สมัครเข้ามากันได้เลย
สล็อต PG เว็บตรง ฝากถอนทันใจ เกมดัง รวยทันที
เกมออนไลน์ชั้นนำ นิยมอันดับหนึ่ง สล็อตเว็บตรง PG ฝาก-ถอน True wallet ง่าย ๆ แหล่งสร้างรายได้ กำไรสูง ที่คุณไม่ควรพลาด ฝากถอนเร็ว ได้ครบวงจร ระบบอัตโนมัติ ทำรายการไม่ยุ่งยาก ที่คุณสามารถทำรายการ ได้ด้วยตนเอง ด้วยระบบที่ทันสมัย PGสล็อตเว็บตรง ไม่มีธนาคาร ก็สามารถฝากถอนได้ ด้วยวอลเล็ต สะดวกสบาย รวดเร็วทันใจ โดยที่ไม่ต้องรอนาน เล่นได้มาก หลักร้อย หลักแสน หลักล้าน ก็ทำรายการถอนได้ ไม่จำกัดรอบ ในการฝากถอน ด้วยระบบ AUTO ตอบโจทย์สุด ๆ สำหรับยุคนี้ 2022 สล็อตpg เว็บตรง ไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ลงเดิมเท่าไหร่ก็ได้ เข้าเล่นได้ทุกเกม ไม่มีเงื่อนไข มั่นคง ปลอดภัย 100% ไม่ผ่านตัวแทนใด ๆ อัปเดตเกมใหม่ ๆ ตลอดทุก ๆ สัปดาห์ ที่อัปเดตความสนุก และเงินรางวัลก้อนใหญ่ พลาดไม่ได้เลย ยิ่งเล่น ยิ่งมัน ตอกย้ำความยิ่งใหญ่ ที่คุณไม่ควรพลาด
สล็อตออนไลน์ ASURA168 เว็บตรง อันดับ 1 แท้ ส่งตรงจากคาสิโน ยุโรป และเครื่อข่ายใหญ่จากมาเก๊า รับประกันด้านการบริการ และเงินทุน สล็อตเว็บตรง แตกง่ายบ่อย ถอนได้ไม่อั้น สามารถสมัครสมาชิกผ่านระบบอัตโนมัติได้ด้วยตัวเอง รองรับผู้เล่นใหม่ทุกท่าน เว็บตรง ไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ 2022 ยูสเดียวเล่นได้ทุกค่าย ไม่ต้องโยกกระเป๋า สล็อตเปิดใหม่ ฝากถอน ไม่มีขั้นต่ำ วอเลท 1 บาทก็ถอนได้ PGSLOT เว็บตรง ออโต้ โบนัส 100 ไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ล่าสุด
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<reponame>peopledoc/django-generic-filters
"""
django generic filters implement a set of mixin to work with ordered
and filtered queryset.
"""
from django import forms
from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy as _
from .fields import * # NOQA
class QueryFormMixin(object):
"""
Mixin implementing a query parameters for filtering results.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(QueryFormMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields["query"] = forms.CharField(required=False, widget=forms.HiddenInput)
class OrderFormMixin(object):
"""
Mixin implementing order_by and order_by_reverse for your filtered
results
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super(OrderFormMixin, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.fields["order_by"] = forms.ChoiceField(
label=_("order by"),
required=False,
widget=forms.HiddenInput,
choices=self.get_order_by_choices(),
)
self.fields["order_reverse"] = forms.BooleanField(
label=_("order by"), required=False, widget=forms.HiddenInput
)
def clean_order_by(self):
if self["order_by"].html_name not in self.data:
return self.initial.get(
self["order_by"].html_name, self.fields["order_by"].initial
)
return self.cleaned_data["order_by"]
def get_order_by_choices(self):
"""
If you use OrderFormMixin, this method must be implemented in
your form.
get_order_by choices should return a list of tuples. Those
will be used as choices for the order_by field.
Example:
.. code-block:: python
def get_order_by_choices(self):
return [("1", "choice1"),
("2", "choice2")]
"""
raise NotImplementedError(_("Don't forget to implements get_order_by_choices"))
def clean_yesno(value):
if isinstance(value, str):
return {"yes": True, "no": False}.get(value, value)
return value
class FilteredForm(OrderFormMixin, QueryFormMixin, forms.Form):
"""
FilteredForm is like a classic forms. But It use OrderFormMixin
and QueryFormMixin
"""
def clean(self):
data = self.cleaned_data
update = {key: clean_yesno(value) for key, value in data.items()}
data.update(update)
return data
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Does the parents' age matter in the quality of a child's upbringing?
20 Answers
Last Updated: 02/27/2018 at 7:14pm
1 Tip to Feel Better
Moderated by
Raifiel Cyril, Masters in Applied Psychology
Top Rated Answers
December 28th, 2014 1:54am
There are two types of "age" - the physical, real age and the emotional/mental age. Having a child is a responsibility that most of us take so serious that we end up worrying every step of the way. Worrying about what our age means when it comes to quality upbringing on top of that is probably unnecessary hassle. It's not something that you can change after all, at least not the physical age. If you are truly worried you might be younger or older than you'd want to be to offer the perfect mix, how about you think about what you feel the perfect age would be and act accordingly. You might be well into your 40s and decide that you want to be a modern and friendly parent, and I believe this is achievable. Although some don't see it that way, children can shave a few years from your emotional age and keep you young and energetic. On the other hand, you might be younger and you could feel overwhelmed by the experience, but who isn't, right? Having a child helps you grow into a responsible person and, whether you want it or not, it puts you on the spot. I think that you can just think about your age as "how long have I had this baby" and calculate it according to their age. If they are 5 or 6, you're in the age of playing, whether you're 20 or 40, and so on and so forth. Good luck, enjoy your bundle of joy, give it love and understand that there's no recipe for raising a baby aside for loving it and having its best interest in mind. You will make mistakes and they will get to an age when they will understand that what mattered most was that you were there for them.
November 19th, 2014 2:42am
I myself, am a young parent of one, soon to be two, and i do not think that age matters. It is the mental state and motivation to be the best parent to your child that you can possibly be that matters. Love and compassion can be shown no matter what the age of the parent. That is what a child wants the most.
June 5th, 2015 2:44am
No, a parent's age does not matter in the quality of a child's upbringing. As long as the child is being cared for, loved, and being taught important core values, the age doesn't matter at all; all that matters is the love for that child.
November 23rd, 2014 6:30am
I think "the right age to raise children" is as much a myth as "the perfect mom/dad". Plain and simple: it doesn't exist. Unique to each couple or individual will be their circumstances, their emotional readiness, financial stability, career development, personal goals etc., all factors that will need to be taken into account. Some people will put more weight on certain factors and others will hold different factors as important to their decision to become a parent. Even then, with the best planning and intentions, sometimes fate takes care of things and voila! you're a parent, no matter your age. I don't think age should be an issue at all, but rather the quality time, attention and love you bring your children up with. Good luck to all the parents out there and don't let anybody ever make you feel guilty about parenthood because of your age.
December 3rd, 2014 6:33am
While it'd be best not to have a child at a very young age, things do happen and they shouldn't be judged for it. If the parents are responsible, mature, and give their child a good, happy life it shouldn't be that big of a deal.
December 18th, 2014 6:56am
In a sense, one could argue that the older someone is, in hindsight, the more experience they have and the more adept that are in terms of raising children. However, I wouldn't necessarily bank on that because good parenting is based more on knowledge and understanding rather than age -- age doesn't ensure those qualities -- but awareness does. I would say reach out in a collective sense, if possible, and involve both families when plausible. With collectiveness and family-interaction, well, age is only important as working together with those around you to truly benefit your children.
December 8th, 2014 10:36pm
Yes a parent need to be old enough to have the knowledge to raise a child. A child cannot raise a child without school and street smarts
December 16th, 2014 9:02am
I don't think so. I believe that it's all about the nourishment and love towards the child. Any person no matter what their age can have great quality as a parent.
December 28th, 2014 1:56am
I was 21 and my partner was 19 when she became pregnant with our child. We were both mature and financially stable enough to support our little girl. I don't believe it's age that matters, rather what emotional intelligence level the parents are at and their ability to provide. I have seen 17 year olds be great, loving parents.
January 3rd, 2015 9:05pm
Not at all! Parenting is all about love, support and trying your best. It doesn't matter your age, if you commit to be a good parent, therefore, you'll be.
May 7th, 2015 2:04am
I mean, I don't think its a big deal at becoming pregnant when your a teenager, its only a big deal if you don't treat and take care of the baby like it deserves. Age is sort of a big deal, but then its not.
July 28th, 2015 6:34am
This is one of those "loaded questions". People of varying ages can, and do have varying degrees of maturity and experience. It is entirely possible for someone who is in their early teens to end up being much better equipped for parenthood both intellectually and emotionally than someone twice their age. Just as there are young people who have matured early, there are older people who have yet to reach that point. Age isn't really a factor in determining the quality of care a person will bring to a child. More importantly are things like experience, support, and emotional capabilities. I have seen fifteen and sixteen year old mothers be absolutely brilliant parents. I've also, sadly, seen mothers in their 30's who are neglectful, selfish, and emotionally unavailable to the children they've brought into the world. The short answer is: no, the age of a child's parents does not factor into the quality of a child's upbringing.
September 9th, 2015 1:11pm
I was 21 when I had my first child, and 41 when I had my 7th. While I would say their upbringings were different, I wouldn't say the quality was significantly different. When you are young, you can be more actively engaged, but when you are older, you have much more life experience under your belt. It is not worth agonizing over. There is no "perfect" age for parenting.
December 8th, 2015 5:04am
no. as long as you are mature enough to handle the responsibility of a child, and you feel as though you are ready to take that step in your life, age shouldn't really matter
December 10th, 2015 6:18pm
I don't think it's the age, necessarily but the situations the child goes through. I had a baby at 16, and I had a baby at 22. I notice a VAST difference between the two kids, but mostly because I believe the second child's life is more stable (has a father around) and my first child unfortunately, went through some pretty rough ups and downs with me. At one point we lived under a bridge for three days...then we both went into Child Family Service care. I think the more stable a child is, the better the upbringing. It's jus what I have seen from around and personal experience.
January 22nd, 2016 12:55am
There is an affect but it determines more on the actions of the parent.
March 22nd, 2016 6:33am
No, age doesn't matter. Its all about how much they know on how to bring up a child and what they should do as parents.
April 24th, 2017 8:19am
If a parent is too young to emotionally support a child, then yes, that will affect the quality of that child's upbringing. No doubt there are many teenagers and young adults who have enough love to offer, but they might not have the life experience necessary to help a child through certain phases of life. If a teenager or young person wants to parent, I think it would be very important for that young person to have a solid support system in place. Family, friends, social workers, therapists, teachers, mentors, neighbors-- anyone who will be able and willing to offer assistance and advice when it's needed. Without a support system, it doesn't matter what your age is-- being a parent can be really tough! If you haven't had much experience with infants or good role models for parenting, though, you might have an even tougher time.
June 5th, 2017 7:47pm
The parents' age will affect a child's upbringing, but there is no "best age" for parenting - parents of any age can be loving, supportive guides for a child. Older parents may be more limited in the physical activities they can participate in, and younger parents may be more uncertain about their lifestyle and goals, but neither of those means more or less quality in a child's life, just differences.
February 27th, 2018 7:14pm
Depends. There are bad parents who are in their mid-forties; there are good parents who started as teen parents. It's more so about the maturity level and skill of the parents. While yes, much wisdom comes with age, young people can have more wisdom than older people give them credit for. The age doesn't usually matter, but typically older parents may be a bit better at parenting just because they have a bit more experience. But again, teen parents can be perfectly good parents; it's all about maturity level, responsibility, and skill.
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Recently, I printed some simple puzzles for my daughter (Kindergarten) to practice putting the numbers 1-10 in order (similar to the ones in this printable pack). We’re been practicing counting, recognizing numerals and understanding number order, so it was a fun project for her. My son, however, wanted to try some puzzles too. The problem is, he’s in first grade, and well beyond placing the numbers from 1-10 in order. But he really wanted puzzles, so I can up with a similar, but more challenging alternative. These Fall addition and subtraction puzzles are perfect if you’re working on adding and subtracting within 10.
*Please Note: Some of the links in this post are affiliate links and help support the work of this site. Read our full disclosure policy here.*
Included in this Download:
This free download includes 4 different Fall-themed puzzles. Two cover addition and two cover subtraction.
Materials Needed for the Puzzles:
How to Use the Puzzles:
To prep the puzzles, simply print the puzzle(s) you want and cut out the strips.
Then give your child the strips (maybe mix them up first), some glue and a piece of construction paper.
To complete the puzzle, they have to first solve the math problem at the bottom of each strip.
Then, they can place the strips in order from 1-10 and the puzzle with be complete.
Once each problem is correct and in the right order, they can glue the strips down on their construction paper.
Some Tips for Eager Kids:
Some kids may try to put the puzzle together from the picture rather than by solving the problems. Encourage them to solve the problems first, then order them.
Other kids may be so excited to glue that they glue the strips down as they go. Encourage them to solve and order all the numbers first, before gluing. This will ensure there are no mistakes before they glue it all down.
Other Free Addition Resources:
Using Singapore math, we have spent a lot of time focusing on number bonds from 1-10. So a lot of my addition resources are designed to give kids practice and aid in fact fluency. I hope you find these puzzles and the resources below helpful!
- Number bonds with apple slices
- Addition fluency coloring pages (also Fall-themed)
- Number bond rainbows
- Addition and subtraction number sentence roll and write
And you may also like this set of mazes–a fun and unique way to practice addition and subtraction within 10! It also includes extension ideas, so kids don’t just focus on memorizing facts, but look for patterns and think deeply about math.
Never Run Out of Fun Math Ideas
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There are two kinds of outer offerings – peaceful and wrathful. The idea of making peaceful offerings is to offer desirable qualities that are pleasing to the senses. The peaceful offerings are related primarily to the Sutrayana point of view with its emphasis on the accumulation of merit. They create positive feelings and are an antidote to miserliness, and in that way accumulate merit. This is because as sentient beings, we generally have the idea that we should offer “good” things and not offer “bad” things. By thinking in this way, however, we fall into a dualistic mental extreme and lack equanimity. In order not to fall into this extreme, we also make wrathful offerings. Wrathful offerings represent qualities that would normally elicit revulsion in us. Wrathful offerings are related to the Secret Tantra tradition and emphasize the accumulation of wisdom. They liberate our conceptual limitations of accepting what is perceived as positive and rejecting what is perceived as negative. This directly cuts through the conceptual mind and we are freed from both extremes. The lines between good and bad, accepting and rejecting, vanish.
Pure plain or saffron-infused water may be used to fill all the offering bowls (both peaceful and wrathful) or specific substances may be placed in each bowl as indicated. Offerings are usually placed below or in front of the objects of refuge on the shrine. The peaceful offerings commonly begin at the shrine’s right and end at the shrine’s left (our left to right when facing the shrine). The wrathful offerings are commonly laid out in the opposite direction. You may have a set of seven peaceful offerings or include both peaceful and wrathful offerings.
The general peaceful offerings include:
1. Drinking water (Sanskrit: argham; Tibetan: chö-yön) as an offering for the mouth. We use pure, clean water that we visualize as containing the three white substances (milk, yogurt, and butter) and the three sweet substances (sugar, honey, and molasses).
2. Foot-washing water (Sanskrit: padyam; Tibetan: zhab-zil) as an offering for the body. Use pure water as an offering. Traditionally it may have been prepared with white and red sandalwood and other cleansing substances.
3. Flowers (Sanskrit: pushpé; Tibetan: mé-tok) as an offering for the eyes, including beautiful
flowers that grow in soil or water. Use a bowl of rice with a flower set in it as an offering.
4. Fragrance (Sanskrit: dhupé; Tibetan: pü) as an offering for the nose, both naturally existing and man-made. Use a bowl of rice with two sticks of incense as an offering. The two sticks of
incense together symbolize skillful means and wisdom. Other traditions may arrange the incense differently.
5. Light (Sanskrit: aloké; Tibetan: mar-mé) as an offering for the mind, such as sunlight,
moonlight, and jewel-light, as well as the light of pristine awareness. Use a butter lamp or candle either by itself or set in a bowl of rice.
6. Perfume (Sanskrit: ghendé; Tibetan: dri-chab) as an offering for the body. Use pure water or
water scented with perfume, saffron, or any other beautiful smelling substances.
7. Food (Sanskrit: newidhé; Tibetan: zhal-sé) as an offering for the tongue. The substance contains one hundred tastes and one thousand powers. Use a bowl of rice with a zhalsé torma. If you do not have a torma, it is fine to use a whole piece of fruit or an unbroken biscuit.
8. Music (Sanskrit: shapdha; Tibetan: rolmo) as an offering for the ears, particularly ritual music.
This is not represented by a symbolic offering on the shrine. According to some traditions, people place ting-shak (small cymbals or a conch) in a bowl of rice on the shrine, but we do not do this in the Nyingma tradition. Music should be offered as the actual sadhana music of the bell and damaru as well as other instruments.
The general wrathful offerings include:
1. Blood drinking water (Tibetan: T’hrak gi chö-yön); use pure water
2. Poisonous foot-washing water (Tibetan: Duk-chu zhab-sil); use pure water
3. Flower of the five senses (Tibetan: Wangpo metok); use a permanent support torma or one made of tsampa or oats
4. Great fat burning incense (Tibetan: Tsil chen gi duk-pü); use incense as with the peaceful
5. Great melted fat lamp (Tibetan: Zhun chen gi mar-mé); use a lamp or candle as with the
6. Bilious perfume water (Tibetan: Tri-bai dri chab); use pure water
7. Wrathful food offering with brain, fat, bone marrow, rotten meat, etc. (Tibetan: Sha-rü gi zhalsé); use a permanent support torma or one made of tsampa or oats
8. Skull damaru (Tibetan: Tö-nay rolmo); as with the peaceful offering, music is not represented by a symbolic offering on the shrine.
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FROM SUBREDDIT r/Superstonk:
Including yourself, I was starting to feel a bit of this so I took a break from Reddit as everything I was seeing was suddenly FUD. I’ve done the research I know why I’m in this game and even if it doesn’t work out exactly as the TA dictates it’s a healthy reminder for me that there are intellectual people on side supporting the same cause. I take most of the DD with a pinch of salt but the FUD can be overwhelming, whenever I see someone shouting FUD I assume they are a shill themselves (context depending).
Anyway I’m holding regardless until I have enough money to at least buy a house and pay my parents mortgage off - even then a lot of my shares won’t be sold until the last minute on the downwards dip after the squeeze
People need information like this to appease their confirmation bias but not everything should be taken as gospel either.
Happy holding apes
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May 9, 2017
by Canadian Architect
CN Tower. Photo: Tom Arban
The Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC), in partnership with The National Trust for Canada, has announced the Ontario Place Cinesphere and Pods and the CN Tower in Toronto as recipients of the 2017 Prix du XXe siècle – recognized for their enduring excellence and national significance to Canada’s architectural legacy.
Ontario Place’s dramatic structures by Toronto architect Eberhard Zeidler made the waterfront park an instant landmark. Completed in 1971, the Cinesphere (known as “the Bubble”) is a 35-metre-wide dome made from steel and aluminum tubes that housed the world’s first permanent theatre for IMAX technology. A bridge-like suspension structure elevates the five inter-connected Pods over Lake Ontario. The Pods were first used to host a multimedia exhibition but were designed to be flexible and accommodate different functions. At the most basic level, each Pod is a three-storey box, encompassing 743 square metres.
The jury, comprised of distinguished heritage conservation scholars and architects, noted that the Cinesphere and Pods emulated for Toronto the great architectural and social success of Expo ‘67 in Montreal. “While the Cinesphere and Pods no longer house the functions they were originally designed for, they still exhibit the strong design presence they did when first completed,” noted the jury. “They realize, in tangible physical form, some of the most ambitious Utopian architectural ideas from Europe and the United States of the 1960s.”
Rising 553.33 metres above the Toronto skyline, the CN Tower once held the title of the world’s tallest free-standing structure. Completed in 1976, the Tower was originally conceived as a telecommunications facility to serve Toronto and the surrounding region. Webb Zerafa Menkes Housden Architects and John Andrews Architects International worked with engineers and contractors to design and build the structure.
Ontario Place. Photo: Zeidler Partnership Architects
The jury citation noted the Tower is one of Canada’s most iconic structures and wrote, “The CN Tower is an incredible achievement of Canadian engineering and construction that pushed the boundaries of concrete technology.”
“This year the Prix du XXe Siècle celebrates combined achievements in both architecture and engineering design quality,” said RAIC President Ewa Bieniecka, FIRAC. “Both these projects deserve accolades for innovation. For the past four decades, these iconic places have captured the imagination and provided joy to their visitors”.
“What a pleasure to see these iconic places recognized,” said the National Trust’s Executive Director Natalie Bull. “They perfectly reflect the intent of the Prix du XXe Siècle to bring national attention and understanding to the heritage of the modern movement in Canada, and to recognize places that express our design achievements as a nation.”
The RAIC and National Trust bestow the Prix du XXe Siècle to promote public awareness of outstanding Canadian architecture and landmark buildings of the 20th century.
The jury members include: Julia Gersovitz, FRAIC, founding partner of EVOQ and adjunct professor at McGill University School of Architecture; George Baird, FRAIC, architect and former Dean of the John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape, and Design at the University of Toronto; and Michael Heeney, FRAIC, principal architect for Bing Thom Architects in Vancouver.
The Prix will be presented at the RAIC/OAA Festival of Architecture taking place May 24 to 27 in Ottawa. Recipients will also be acknowledged at the National Trust for Canada’s national conference and awards event in Ottawa on October 13.
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<reponame>shkma/SteadyStateAnalysis<filename>README.md
# SteadyStateAnalysis
This page is the digital appendix for the following journal article:
<NAME>, <NAME>. (2021). "Steady-state dynamic response analysis of self-centering structural systems with viscous damping." Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Volume 150, November 2021, 106926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106926
This digital appendix provides the following materials:
i) Detailed derivation of steady-state response analysis formula that were omitted in the paper for clarity and page limitation;
ii) A MATLAB file "For_Sharing_nonlinear_elastic.m" computes steady state seismic response of nonlinear-elastic self-centering structural systems with added viscous damping;
iii) A MATLAB file "For_Sharing_elasto_plastic.m" computes steady state seismic response of elasto-plastic structural systems with added viscous damping and self-centering.
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Recruiting Internally and Externally - SHRM
Nov 12, 2017 Internal recruitment method, write my essay -
Internal and External Recruitment - HRM GuideThroughout history, countries have expanded their empires to create the largest and method most powerful on the globe. Napoleon and Alexander the Great had two of the most controlling empires ever created, and Great Britain’s in the early 1800’s was another of the best. During this time, many empires started expanding to make greater and more commanding kingdoms. Great Britain greatly grew in the 19th century. Haig. India, Asia and parts of internal recruitment Africa joined with them to help expand their territory. Haig. Britain used an imperialistic government, which was made to take over other areas of the world to gain power to add to their own empire. There were many different causes to British imperialism, some being political, social or economic. In addition, some of the British conquests were beneficial, yet some were not and left harmful impressions on the dominated areas. Great Britain expanded their empire for internal recruitment many reasons. Which Events Resulted Crusades One Hundred The First Crusade?. Mainly, their imperialistic motive was economic. The English exported goods to internal method India mainly so they could gain money for themselves. They primarily sold cotton, oil, yarn, Iron, steel, tools, machinery and locomotives. The British took advantage of the demand for raw materials in the world, and gained money off the eco wash, market. In addition, the British took advantage of the longing for raw materials and tea. Africa had multiple gold fields and Britain saw the internal recruitment method, need to take over the land in order to improve their business. Britain also took over India, and events crusades one hundred years after the first crusade? it didn’t take long for the Indians to realize they were being taken over for money. Gaining Africa and India resulted in an expansion of the British Empire. The British also chose the right time to create this large empire, making tons of profits. At the time, labor was very cheap and there were many markets growing in the colonies across the globe. Great Britain also had a humanitarian goal in mind when they were developing their large empire. When the British went into India and Africa, they had an intention to recruitment improve the Essay and Inhuman ways of Testing, living conditions of the two areas. They industrialized India, resulting in improved sanitation, a higher standard of living, irrigation, canalization and internal recruitment developed transport. The Indians were very grateful for all that Britain did for of and then there them because they got rid of internal recruitment famine, weakened the death rate and which of these events resulted in further after the first crusade? suppressed war, three things India had had much trouble with in the past. They also wanted to stop slavery and spread their ideas throughout the world. They used missionaries to internal recruitment method convert as many as possible to Christianity, and it succeeded with the Africans. The Malay states had lots of trouble in the early 1700s, and they needed a good deal of help. They asked the British to come help them organize their country, form them a government, and start a real society. The British did just that, resulting in a shared government. Essay On Cruel And Inhuman Testing. Britain took care of foreign affairs and internal recruitment defense, while the Malay states still took care of their domestic policies. Britain had outstanding nationalism, or pride in ones country, during this time period. They weren’t only expanding their nation for the money aspect, but they wanted to be the largest along with the best, and they believed that they could do it. After obtaining these lands, the British had both positive and negative effects upon the ruled natives. Positively, Britain brought Christianity and an end to slavery in Africa. Also in Africa, an organizational education system was set up along with a federal court. In India, sanitation, standard of living, transportation and irrigation were all established. Also, they decreased the recurring high death rate and taught the Indians to grow better crops by taking better care of their land. The British also helped out the Essay on Cruel and Inhuman Animal Testing, Malay states by creating railroads, roads and health, government, and internal recruitment method irrigation systems. Eco Wash. They also improved literacy, diminished the use of native practices such as sati, created a common language, and gained extensive amounts of internal recruitment method land. On the other hand, Great Britain had many negative effects on their colonial rule. Mainly, when the eco wash, British took over areas across the globe they were taking land away from the natives along with many of internal their natural resources, and also forced labor upon many of the and Bulimia, natives. Recruitment Method. The British government sent India into bankruptcy, and kept the Indians as slaves. In Africa, the British only allowed some to use hospitals or get an Disorders: Anorexia, education rather than all, didn’t allow religious freedom, and internal method public services were underdeveloped. Many environments, cultures and religions were also ruined because of British imperialism. As you can see, the sun never sets on the British Empire. The British had conquered lands all across the globe, gaining more things politically as well as economically as they continued. The I Am Sayings. They no longer were in recruitment need of anything, especially power. They had all the power they could get, and even helped out other countries while they received it. They improved transportation, spread their religion, created irrigation and government systems, as well as much more. A large goal when involved with imperialism is to reach sovereignty, and the British Empire in the 1800s definitely accomplished that goal. If the British did not have so much pride and devotion to their country they would not have reached this ambition, and they would not have succeed half as far as they did. University/College: University of Chicago. Type of paper: Thesis/Dissertation Chapter. Date: 19 July 2016. Let us write you a custom essay sample on Causes of British Imperialism. for only $16.38 $13.9/page. Haven't found the of and none, Essay You Want? Get your custom essay sample. For Only $13.90/page. 3422 Old Capitol Trail, Suite 267, Wilminton, DE 19808, USA.
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Internal and External Recruitment Methods - Internal Recruitment and
Nov 12, 2017 Internal recruitment method, online essay writing service -
Recruitment: Internal v External Recruitment | tutor2u BusinessNorikatsu Hiraide Department of Mathematics, Computer Science and Economics, Emporia State University 1200 Commercial St. Emporia, KS 66801, USA Tel: 620-481-1927 E-mail: [email protected]. Related Documents: Sustainability: Automotive Industry and method Ford Vehicles Essays. Automotive Industry and on Cruel ways of Animal geely Julian Santamaria Essay. territory of 300,000 units per year , but volvo sales in China totaled just 30,000 units in 2009 . Growth in method sales of 270,000 units over a period of two years seems quite optimistic , even considering that the car industry is booming in China and an increase in annual sales in the premium sector is expected above 100 % . and eco wash third geely has decided to recruitment integrate the style of production of Volvo and its technology in their own vehicles. But this technology is patented. In the automobile sector. Words 480 - Pages 2. Beer Industry Sustainability Essay. Team Synthesis Business Case for Sustainability Recommendation: Packaging The process of brewing beer is essentially the same for the industry as a whole. There are two stages in the brewing process; (1) the extraction of sugars from cereal grains and (2) the fermentation of these sugars to make alcohol. However, the packaging for large breweries, consists upwards of the i of jesus, 50% of the weight during shipping from the brewer to the distributor and then to retailers (Dornbusch, 2010). Studies. Words 1473 - Pages 6. Automotive Industry and internal recruitment method Wanxiang Group Essay. are well versed in the automotive industry people. Of course, the reason of Fisker went bankrupt dilemma today, in addition to lack of funds and management confusion, there is another important reason is am sayings, that it has not mastered the core technology of internal, electric vehicles. Disorders: Anorexia And Bulimia Essay! 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The decade would see the car market split into different size classes for the first time, and model. Words 698 - Pages 3. Automotive industry is a fast-paced industry with many advancements as far as its huge potential is concerned. Many multinational companies are involved in the industry. Then There! Tata motors and recruitment method Aston Martin are the two giant companies with different types of vehicles. Tata motors Tata motors is an Indian company owned by Tata group of companies. It is one of the major automotive manufacturing companies Macro environmental Forces Safety standards and Regulations: Safty standards and of these events crusades one hundred years after the first crusade? regulations of. Words 447 - Pages 2. Essay on Globalization: Automotive Industry and Global Auto Report. , for example, originally a German company founded by Nazi government in 1937 to offer German citizens a German produced car, now includes makes from seven different countries and has hails China as one of its largest markets with an 18.6% market share at the end of 2008 (Volkswagen, 2008); and Tata, the Indian conglomerate owns two venerable English brands, Jaguar and Land Rover. While the automotive industry has grown and thrived as a result of globalization, it also has, and will continue to. Words 2073 - Pages 9. * Test names and other trademarks are the property of the respective trademark holders. None of the trademark holders are affiliated with this website. All content of site and tests copyright © 2017 Study Mode, LLC.
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(FROM r/AmItheAsshole)
Youre kinda the AH. Why agree to watch him if you knew how he behaved? Id have declined watching the child. While I agree he sounds like an epic brat and hitting you or your baby is certainly not ok, neither is locking a child in a room. I hope this is a figure of speech and not literally what you did. Going forward id simply decline going to my in laws. Maybe have them at your home, but be very VERY clear in what the rules, boundaries and expectations are in YOUR home.
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A common thought is that dietary restrictions are recommended for people susceptible to gout.
These restrictions often focus on fructose, purines and alcohol: if a food or beverage is 'high' in these, they should be avoided, but that theory seems to not really translate into empirical evidence when looking at actual levels of substances to avoid in food and beverages and the effect of actual food on the observable incidences.
Different sources may recommend different things, just following their 'school of thought'? But in the following text all these discrepancies are combined into one:
Several facets of the diet are important to the reduction of the risks of a gouty episode: meat and seafood intake, alcohol use, and obesity. Although many physicians still advise patients to reduce their dietary intake of purines, purine-restricted diets only reduce mean serum urate levels by 0.6 mM/l, and such diets are relatively unpalatable.
For the moment, the best data related to diet comes from a recent study of 47,150 men over a 12-year period that shows meat and seafood increase the risk of gout. In contrast, dairy products, especially low-fat dairy products, are able to decrease the risk of gout in men. In addition to food, alcohol is another significant risk factor for gout. The relationship between gout and alcohol is more complex. Acute alcohol intoxication in individuals documents a higher plasma urate concentration when urate levels are measured after individuals have become sober. Such urate alterations may also occur as a result of not eating and the presence of ketosis. The latter state and its circulating ketones and lactate block urate excretion causing hyperuricemia. In normal individuals, elevated plasma levels of ethanol (> 200 mg/dl) cause a reduction in urinary urate levels [869, 870]. When moonshine whiskey was produced from lead-soldered stills, saturnine gout or lead-induced gout was a common occurrence in the southern part of the United States.
Finally, beer contains a purine (guanosine) that can be metabolized to uric acid. Recent studies of 14,809 individuals in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) examined the role of beer, wine, and hard liquor in relation to uric acid. In this study, beer and hard liquor intake were positively correlated with hyperuricemia. It has been proposed that a glass of wine as a replacement for beer or hard liquor might reduce the incidence of gout. Both alcohol intake and obesity can cause an increase in urate production and a decrease in its elimination by the kidney.
Although medications are usually the means by which recurrent gouty episodes are controlled, there are certain dietary restrictions that may be useful as well. It has been shown that meat and seafood intake are associated with an increased risk of gout. Meat including beef, lamb, and pork as well as bologna, sausage, salami, bacon, hot dogs, chicken, turkey, hamburger, chicken liver, and beef liver are the most well-characterized offenders as inducers of gouty episodes. Seafood associated with an increase risk of gout include tuna, dark fish, shrimp, lobster, clams, and scallops. There are also some purine-rich vegetables like peas, lentils, spinach, mushrooms, oatmeal, and cauliflower, but they do not appear to increase the risk of gout.
Alcohol ingestion in excess and its association with gout has been known since antiquity. Beer has a special capacity to raise the serum uric acid levels and put patients at risk for gouty episodes since it contains guanosine, a purine that is easily converted enzymatically to uric acid. Finally, many patients will tell their physician that particular foods or alcoholic beverages will trigger an attack of gout. In these cases, physicians should heed the patient’s information and ask the patient to restrict their intake of the offending agent.
How to properly explain the associations between diet and gout that is at the same time theory guided, simple and accurate?
It seems that 'purine-rich' is too simple, as purine-rich vegetables don't seem to count?
It seems that 'alcohol' isn't a factor at all, as since antiquity beer is known to be bad, but wine with a much higher alcohol content is noted as not being bad?
The practical guideline is just that:
In general, the three foods/beverages that place patients at risk for gout are red meat, beer, and fructose, a sugar commonly found in sugar- sweetened soft drinks. Finally, patients with gout should decrease their use of hard liquor and beer with a substitution of wine if necessary.
Quotes from David S. Newcombe: "Gout. Basic Science and Clinical Practice", Springer: London, Heidelberg, 2013. (9 Management of Hyperuricemia and Gout, 291–385, DOI.)
Specifically for alcohol, which is sometimes even thought to be preventative if taken as wine in low doses:
In conclusion, our results suggest that the effect of individual alcoholic beverages on serum uric acid levels varies substantially: beer confers a larger increase than liquor, whereas moderate wine drinking does not increase serum uric acid levels.
Hyon K. Choi & Gary Curhan: "Beer, liquor, and wine consumption and serum uric acid level: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey", Athritis Care and Research, Volume 51, Issue 6, 15 December 2004, Pages 1023-1029. DOI
How does one explain 'avoid purines in food' if purine-rich plant food isn't counting?
How does one explain 'avoid alcohol' if alcoholic wine seems fine?
Is the above interpreted correctly? Is the theory wrong, incomplete or in need of modification?
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In the United States, 2.6 percent of people 18 years or older experience a stroke, and in Westchester County, approximately 15 people per 1,000, or 1.5 percent, are hospitalized due to stroke. It is the fourth leading cause of death, killing more than 133,000 people annually, and is also a leading cause of serious, long-term disability.
A stroke occurs when vital blood flow and oxygen to the brain is cut off. It is a medical emergency and one of the ways to learn how to recognize a stroke is to remember to act F.A.S.T.
F – Face: Ask the person to smile and check if the face droops.
A – Arms: Ask the person to raise both arms. Check if one drifts downwards.
S – Speech: Ask the person to repeat a simple phrase and see if speech is slurred or strange.
T – Time: If you observe any of these signs, call 9-1-1 immediately.
Other stroke symptoms to be aware of also include:
- Sudden numbness or weakness of face, arm or leg—especially on one side of the body.
- Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.
- Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.
- Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination.
- Sudden severe headache with no known cause.
The National Stroke Association also advises to note the time these symptoms are first seen as this information is vital to healthcare providers and can affect treatment decisions. There also is an FDA-approved clot-busting medication that may help reduce long-term disability post ischemic strokes if given within three hours of the first symptom.
Post Stroke Recovery
After stabilizing in an acute care hospital, post-stroke patients and their caretakers should advocate to be transferred to an acute rehabilitation hospital where they will receive the therapy and medical management needed to ensure maximum recovery.
Unlike at a sub-acute facility, post-stroke patients in acute rehabilitation hospitals will receive a minimum of three hours of therapy per day, including physical, occupational and speech therapy, up to six days a week. Therapy is provided on both a one-to-one and group basis, depending on the needs of the individual patient. Patients are medically managed by specially-trained physicians 24-hours a day. Sub-acute care is less intensive than acute rehabilitation and patient generally only receive between one and two hours of therapy per day. This may not be enough therapy to allow for maximum recovery.
For more information about stroke and stroke rehabilitation, attend Burke’s upcoming annual Stroke Awareness Day on May 22. For more information about the event contact Lisa Edelstein, OT; Program Director of Burke’s inpatient stroke program at (914) 597-2256. Additionally, Burke is involved in several post stroke research studies. Interested patients should visit www.burke.org/research/clinicalresearch.
—Michael Reding, M.D.
Director, Stroke Rehabilitation Program
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In frantically trying to keep up with the demands of daily life, it is easy to completely forget to take care of yourself. In this article, we’ll share some self care ideas and tips to help you remember how to take care of yourself.
Self Care: What does that even mean?
The concept of self care is best understood by thinking about what care means in general. When you are taking care of someone or something, you take responsibility for making sure that all of their physical and emotional needs are being met. When you take care of a person or a pet or even a houseplant, your job is to constantly monitor them and make sure they feel good. Parents may understand this especially well. Generally, once you become a parent, your entire life becomes dedicated to taking care of your children.
Eventually, those children are let loose into the world. At this point, and in some ways even earlier, children begin to learn how to take care of themselves. When we become adults, it is largely up to us whether our needs will be met, or not.
The problem is, we often forget that we have this responsibility for self care. Instead, we get lost in trying to live up to the standards that society sets out for us. We adapt, let ourselves be pushed around, and pressure ourselves to do things that we don’t really want to do.
The first step in learning how to take care of yourself is to become aware of when you are acting out of a desire to fit into the ideals of society, and when you are truly acting in your own interest.
Self-Care Ideas: Accepting Yourself
Possibly the most important step in learning how to take care of yourself is: Be proud of yourself and accept yourself as you are. No one is perfect; everyone has flaws. That doesn’t mean that you can’t or shouldn’t wish to improve yourself – without the desire to be better, personal growth is impossible. But trying to be perfect can make you lose sight of what you actually want or need, because if you are not careful, you’ll find you are striving after the illusion of perfection that is made mostly of societal expectations, and not of your own wishes.
Take Care of Yourself: Know Yourself
Who are you? What is important to you? What do you really need? These are huge questions that have no simple answer and are yet crucial to taking good care of yourself. As a person, you are always in flux, and the answers to these questions will be ever-changing. That’s why it is so important to never stop asking these things of yourself: if you stop paying attention, you will quickly become out of touch with who you are and what you are looking for in life.
To become better at self care, become consciously aware of the responsibility that you have for yourself. See yourself as a living being that has physical and emotional needs. Maybe imagine yourself as a tree, with roots in the ground, reaching out your branches towards the light. Ask yourself:
- Do you have rich ground that will allow you to grow strong, deep roots that will support you?
- Do you have air to breathe and room to grow?
- Do you have enough light, warmth, and love?
- What do you need to be happy?
- Are you careful with yourself or do you constantly expose yourself to storms and rain?
- Do you live in the right surroundings? Does the atmosphere suit you?
- Do you feel in control of your life?
- Do you respect your own boundaries?
Self Care: From Thoughts to Action
Once you have figured out what you need, you can take the next step on your road to taking care of yourself. Consciously accept responsibility for yourself and live accordingly. It can be very helpful to think of your own needs as if they were someone else’s. It might make you less likely to make sacrifices as soon as the expectations or desires of others come into play.
Try to leave behind the habit of placing disproportionate value on the expectations of others. That doesn’t mean that you should take care of only yourself and disregard the feelings or opinions of other people: it just means bringing taking care of others and taking care of yourself back into a healthy balance.
You do not need a reason to reward yourself. Give yourself permission to feel good.
Self Care Ideas: Pay Attention to Yourself
If you pay attention to yourself and the world around you, you will recognize what you need and thus learn to take care of yourself. In order to do that, it is important to take some quiet time and ask yourself these questions:
- Be conscious of what you are doing. How does it feel? How do you feel as you are doing it?
- How does your body feel?
- What kind of thoughts are you having?
- What kind of feelings arise?
- Are you satisfied or is something missing?
What do the answers to these questions mean? What is your body telling you that it needs? What are your heart and mind telling you that they need? Listening to your answers to these questions is essential for your self care.
Think about different areas of your life:
- Do you generally get enough restful sleep?
- Do you feel well on your current diet? Do you drink enough water?
- Do you have enough time for rest and relaxation? Or are you constantly under stress?
- Are you happy with your social life and your relationships? Or do you feel trapped in dependency?
- Do you live a fulfilled life? Do you challenge yourself enough?
- Do you take care of your body? Do you get enough exercise?
Self Care Tips: Taking “Me” Time
If your life happens to be particularly hectic right now and you are not able to find the time to regularly practice self care, try to set aside time for yourself at least twice a week. Schedule your “me” time and then stick to it. Do something that is good for you, like mindfulness meditation exercises, yoga, a visit to the pool, a walk on the beach, or a few hours with a good book and healthy ginger tea.
During your “me” time, don’t let anything bother you or distract you: concentrate fully on yourself. Only by taking care of yourself will you have the strength and energy to take care of others.
Taking Care of Yourself: Look For Examples
Pets and small children have relatively basic needs: they eat when they are hungry and sleep when they are tired. Let them be an example to you. Are you tired? Then listen to your body and go to sleep. Is your body malnourished? Give it the healthy food it needs. Are you thirsty? Drink water. Sometimes thinking less and simply acting is the best method to take care of yourself.
This article was translated from German to English by Christie Sacco. You can read the original here: Selbstfürsorge: So lernst du, besser mit dir umzugehen.underlined orange are partially partner links: If you buy here, you actively support Utopia.org, because we will receive a small part of the sales proceeds. More info.
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Miss Cabrini, we've been through this.
I'm not biased against you.
I agree.
You're biased for me.
Really?
You're gonna have to explain that one.
Well, yesterday after court, you advised me on how to cross-examine and question the witnesses for this trial, clearly demonstrating bias.
You asked for advice.
United States v. Burger.
If a person knowing the relevant facts, would harbor doubts about a judge's impartiality, he must recuse himself.
Motion denied, Miss Cabrini.
Why don't we take a break for a minute, Mr. Gardner?
Sadie, she set me up.
Okay, I think we're in an awkward area here, Your Honor.
What?
I didn't do anything wrong.
Thanks so much for your help.
- You believe her?
- I believe I'll take the robe.
Yep.
Men and 25-year-olds.
Same thing happened to my ex.
What are you talking about?
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John Mason Image
John Mason
is an Internet Security/Privacy enthusiast. He is the Head Analyst for TheBestVPN whose mission is to educate people on Internet computer security by posting in-depth guides and articles on VPN services so consumers can be more protected on the Internet.
Recent Articles by John Mason
Cybercrimes, Data Breaches Rise Against Big Firms
Cyber crimes and data breaches have become far too widespread in the recent times. Technological progress has taken the risk to new levels, with newer techniques to exploit vulnerable organizations, corporations and governments being discovered every day… A considerable number of organizational respondents to the survey, approximately 32%, reported being affected by cyber crime. Nearly 34% felt that they would be affected within the next 2 years. While 61% of the top executives feared cyber attacks, only 37% of organizations claimed to have a cyber incident response plan in place. Obviously, this represents a significant disconnect between the level of fear and the level of preparedness in the industry.
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Thirty-five new items have just been added to our Meteorite Jewelry collection. Browse the Space Weather Store for something out of this world.
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THE QUIET CONTINUES: For the 7th day in a row, solar activity is very low. None of the sunspots on the Earthside of the sun is actively flaring. NOAA forecasters put the odds of an M-class solar flare today at no more than 5%. Solar flare alerts: text, voice.
NORTHERN LIGHTS: A solar wind stream hit Earth's magnetic field on Jan. 26th, sparking auroras around the Arctic Circle. The moon was full at the same time, shining like a floodlight, but the auroras were bright enough to be seen anyway:
Matt Melnyk took the picture from a spot just outside Edmonton, Alberta. "The Moon was bright but it did not stop the aurora from showing!" he says. "The display started off dim then exploded into a vast array of green and purple."
NOAA forecasters estimate a 40% chance of polar geomagnetic storms on Jan. 27th. However, Earth is exiting the solar wind stream, and this will reduce the chances of more bright Northern Lights tonight. Aurora alerts: text, voice.
Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
GREEN COMET LEMMON: 2013 could be the Year of the Comet. Comet Pan-STARRS is set to become a naked eye object in march, followed by possibly-Great Comet ISON in November. Now we must add to that list green Comet Lemmon (C/2012 F6). "Comet Lemmon is putting on a great show for us down in the southern hemisphere," reports John Drummond, who sends this picture from Gisborne, New Zealand
"I took the picture using a 41 cm (16 in) Meade reflector," says Drummond. "It is a stack of twenty 1 minute exposures." That much time was required for a good view of the comet's approximately 7th-magnitude coma ("coma"=cloud of gas surrounding the comet's nucleus).
Lemmon's green color comes from the gases that make up its coma. Jets spewing from the comet's nucleus contain cyanogen (CN: a poisonous gas found in many comets) and diatomic carbon (C2). Both substances glow green when illuminated by sunlight in the near-vacuum of space.
Discovered on March 23rd 2012 by the Mount Lemmon survey in Arizona, Comet Lemmon is on an elliptical orbit with a period of almost 11,000 years. This is its first visit to the inner solar system in a very long time. The comet is brightening as it approaches the sun; light curves suggest that it will reach 2nd or 3rd magnitude, similar to the stars in the Big Dipper, in late March when it approaches the sun at about the same distance as Venus (0.7 AU). Northern hemisphere observers will get their first good look at the comet in early April; until then it is a target exclusively for astronomers in the southern hemisphere.
Realtime Comet Photo Gallery
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Realtime Noctilucent Cloud Photo Gallery
[previous years: 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011]
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I sent him my small book that treats religion as an illusion and he answered that he entirely agreed with my judgement upon religion, but that he was sorry that I had not properly appreciated the true source of religious sentiments. This, he says, consists in a peculiar feeling, which he himself is never without, which he finds confirmed by many others and which he may suppose is present in millions of people. It is a feeling he would like to call a sensation of ‘eternity’, a feeling as of something limitless, unbounded – as it were, ‘oceanic’.”
Sigmund Freud, Civilization and its Discontents
Everything starts with the need to understand existence. Existence is directly related to survival, without being able to survive, you cannot exist. In simple mathematical terms, existence = survival, you cannot have one without the other. Human beings are animals, we have an inbuilt technique (created by the mechanism of evolution) of survival. We strive to survive – and in doing so we exist.
Early man survived, they hunted, reproduced etc all through an instinct to do this. Why did we bother? We had no choice, it’s built into our make up and into the make up of all plants, animals and living creatures. It’s not consciousness in our environment that makes us do this because animals are reactive to the world they live in, not proactive. We’re the same, we’ve learnt to react to the environment we live in; we certainly didn’t make it!
Step by step, we’ve learnt to master survival. We’ve learnt the methods required to ensure our existence, but we cannot master every aspect of our environment. To understand survival we need to ask how something works, the question man has asked since we became conscious. If you know how something works then you can work out how to counteract it if it threatens your existence.
So why change the entire course of mankind by asking “Who?” instead of “Why?”.
Early man faced the same environmental dangers we do today. Through the use of tools they could defeat other animals. Shelter defeated the harsh temperatures of the environment. What happens though when they faced something they couldn’t defeat; for example, natural disasters like volcanoes, earthquakes and floods?
These things threatened our existence because we could not survive them. Rudimentary logic says that when a natural disaster happens, people will die (some pagans tried to be proactive about this and sacrifice humans to appease the natural order; this doesn’t work obviously since they couldn’t proactively effect the outcome of a natural disaster).
How do you fight back against something that threatens your ability to exist? Do you attack it? Do you run away from it? What are you supposed to do?
If you want to survive something you cannot beat, you run away, if you’re intent on survival that is. The problem with natural disasters is that they could not predict when they were going to happen and hence they couldn’t run away. If there is an absence of threat from natural disasters, early man had no idea that this is because a volcano is rigged, that tectonic plates don’t shift violently in some areas, that flooding only affects some parts of the globe not all. They simply didn’t know that the absence of danger was based on the local geography and other associated factors that we know now. Those people that survived because they lived in a good area of the globe created the concept of faith. It worked for us, so if you believe what we say, it can work for you too. Which leads directly onto:
So what leap could have been made at this point; time for some specious reasoning. In the absence of logic and/or knowledge, the linking of two absolutely unlinked things is possible. Couple this with the knowledge that clever/genius men and women have existed since the start and an impossible link is made. Human beings look for links and patterns, it’s part of asking why something works – the combustion engine wouldn’t exist if Nicklaus Otto hadn’t combined 6-7 separate theories into one overriding concept, it’s genius when it works and dangerous when we get it hopelessly wrong. The combustion engine works because it takes a number of faceless ideas (scientific knowledge, the whys not the whos); religion doesn’t because it takes natural occurrence and gives them personality, “God made man in his image” – of course it did, how else can we give it personality? We had to compare things we didn’t understand to what we knew – another major piece of specious reasoning.
It didn’t rain today because I said “Yes” 100 times.
Superstition was born. It was based on actual experience but a specious link was made. If I kill 100 people, then hopefully that volcano will not kill us all; since the volcano has to kill some people, we may as well pick and choose who it kills before it happens to help the rest of us survive. Yes, we’re back to survival again.
Polytheism gave personality to those superstitions based on the actual effect they have. By appeasing the superstition you hopefully gave you and your people a chance at surviving. Religion itself is a game of Chinese whispers from this original premise – a premise built on ignorance of the mechanics of the environment and our nature. God, as I said is a speciously reasoned argument – two instances linked despite the fact they have no link.
Across history and including the Bible, our stories are filled with examples of humans beating the superhuman (Hercules, the Odyssey, Noah’s Ark, Daniel in the lions den; etc). We allegorise disasters (volcanoes are dragons). They are stories to inspire us, acts that we could not ever hope to achieve – or at least we couldn’t then.
As time moved on we ascribed more and more to these superstitions, we gave them life, we placed them higher than life. We gave God existence. It exists because we gave it existence. It doesn’t exist because we gave it existence.
We’re so far removed now from the original concept that we have no idea why we even believe in God anymore, just that we do. God is nothing more than a linguistic trick (a sophist argument), a word game based on illogical logic.
We will not let go of religion because it’s tied so closely into the reason we as a species have survived so long; however we are no longer ignorant to why we survived.
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Maybe it will inspire you to look beyond these marble walls.
There's a remarkable world out there.
Oh, and if it's any consolation,
I never really intended to involve you.
[Thunder]
Get the forensic department to verify it.
Yes, sir.
How about the dog track?
Anything?
Yes, um... this one here.
I'm pretty certain that's him, sir, the janitor.
Christ, Hobbs!
How did you do it?
I'm telling you.
We have no more time.
Taking on Ashtoncroft when his back is to the wall will lead to a blood bath.
Someone's going to be ruined.
And what about finch?
He says he has some leads.
I don't think we can rely on him.
We don't have any choice.
Make sure that he comes up with something, and quickly.
What the hell do you think I have been doing?
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If you’re hoping to maximise the amount of time you get to spend with your pet (and really, who isn’t?), chances are you’ve wondered which dog and cat breeds live the longest. It’s a fair question because there can be quite a range in expected longevity across different breeds. For context, the average lifespan of an indoor cat is 15 years. The average lifespan for dogs is 10-13 years, though this can vary considerably based on breed size. But there are plenty of breeds with life spans higher than the average. Let’s look at several well-known breeds with longer life spans and talk about some factors contributing to how long a pet may live.
Factors affecting life span
As mentioned, breed size comes into play for dogs, with small dogs typically living longer than large and giant breed dogs. The reasons for this aren’t entirely known, though there are researchers, including those at the Dog Aging Project, looking into how dogs age and—by extension—how long they live. Because there is much less variability in size for cat breeds, body size doesn’t play a role in their expected life span.
Some breeds are genetically predisposed to certain health conditions like heart disease, cancer, or diabetes. These and other diseases can impact how long a dog or cat lives. Genetic diversity also plays a role. High genetic diversity scores indicate a wider variety of different traits and are associated with a lower instance of inbreeding. All things being equal, a higher genetic diversity score is generally beneficial to overall health. Wisdom Panel DNA tests identify genetic health risks in dogs and cats, and Wisdom Panel Premium measures genetic diversity in dogs.
Diet and Exercise
Nutritional deficiencies can lead to health issues. A balanced diet formulated for your dog or cat’s age and activity level will ensure they get the optimal nutrition throughout their lives. Feeding them an appropriate number of calories each day is also important. This, combined with regular exercise, will help them maintain a healthy weight.
Dogs or cats that are overweight or obese are at greater risk for various health conditions, including cancer, diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease—all of which can impact life span. In fact, research has shown that overweight dogs live an average of 2.5 years less than dogs at an ideal body weight.
Regular visits to the veterinarian to monitor overall health, preventive care, and timely treatment of health issues can significantly impact a pet’s life span.
Longest-lived cat breeds
Cats that can live two decades (or close to it)? Yes, please!
- Balinese (15-20 years)
- Russian Blue (15-20 years)
- European Shorthair (15-20 years)
- American Shorthair (15-20 years)
- Savannah (15-20 years)
- Japanese Bobtail (15-18 years)
- Burmese (12-18 years)
- Ragamuffin (12-18 years)
Longest-lived dog breeds
Toy and small breed dogs typically live longer than bigger dogs. Still, a couple of medium-sized dogs managed to make the list!
- Chihuahua (14-20 years)
- Coton de Tulear (15-19 years)
- Chinese Crested (13-18 years)
- Toy and Miniature Poodle (10-18 years)
- Lagotto Romagnolo (15-17 years)
- Australian Cattle Dog (12-16 years)
- Shiba Inu (12-16 years)
- Papillon (12-16 years)
- Dachshund (12-16 years)
It’s important to remember that life span ranges do not guarantee how long any particular dog or cat will live. To help your pet live a long and healthy life, you can partner with your veterinarian on a life-long care plan that considers your unique pet.
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A QUICK HISTORY OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES BBTC — BEFORE BITCOIN
by Ian Grigg
Before Bitcoin, there was cryptocurrency. Indeed, it has a long and deep history. If only for the lessons learned, it is worth studying, and indeed, in my ABC of Bitcoin investing, I consider not knowing anything before Satoshi’s paper as a red flag. Hence, a very fast history of what came before.
The first known (to me) attempt at cryptocurrencies occurred in the Netherlands, in the late 1980s, which makes it around 25 years ago or 20BBTC. In the middle of the night, the petrol stations in the remoter areas were being raided for cash, and the operators were unhappy putting guards at risk there. But the petrol stations had to stay open overnight so that the trucks could refuel.
Someone had the bright idea of putting money onto the new-fangled smartcards that were then being trialed, and so electronic cash was born. Drivers of trucks were given these cards instead of cash, and the stations were now safer from robbery.
At the same time the dominant retailer, Albert Heijn, was pushing the banks to invent some way to allow shoppers to pay directly from their bank accounts, which became eventually to be known as POS or point-of-sale.
Even before this, David Chaum, an American cryptographer, had been investigating what it would take to create electronic cash. His views on money and privacy led him to believe that in order to do safe commerce, we would need a token money that would emulate physical coins and paper notes: specifically, the privacy feature of being able to safely pay someone hand-to-hand, and have that transaction complete safely and privately.
As far back as 1983 or 25BBTC, David Chaum invented the blinding formula, which is an extension of the RSA algorithm still used in the web’s encryption. This enables a person to pass a number across to another person, and that number to be modified by the receiver. When the receiver deposits her coin, as Chaum called it, into the bank, it bears the original signature of the mint, but it is not the same number as that which the mint signed. Chaum’s invention allowed the coin to be modified untraceably without breaking the signature of the mint, hence the mint or bank was ‘blind’ to the transaction.
All of this interest and also the Netherlands’ historically feverish attitude to privacy probably had a lot to do with David Chaum’s decision to migrate to the Netherlands. When working in the late 1980s at CWI, a hotbed of cryptography and mathematics research in Amsterdam, he started DigiCash and proceeded to build his Internet money invention, employing amongst many others names that would later become famous: Stefan Brands, Niels Ferguson, Gary Howland, Marcel “BigMac” van der Peijl, Nick Szabo, and Bryce “Zooko” Wilcox-Ahearn.
The invention of blinded cash was extraordinary and it caused an unprecedented wave of press attention. Unfortunately, David Chaum and his company made some missteps, and fell foul of the central bank (De Nederlandsche Bank or DNB). The private compromise that they agreed to was that Digicash’s e-cash product would only be sold to banks. This accommodation then led the company on a merry dance attempting to field a viable digital cash through many banks, ending up eventually in bankruptcy in 1998. The amount of attention in the press brought very exciting deals to the table, with Microsoft, Deutsche Bank and others, but David Chaum was unable to use them to get to the next level. At one point Microsoft offered Chaum $180 million to put DigiCash on every windows PC. But Chaum that it was not enough money, and the deal fell through, and Digicash ran out of money.
Second Wave – Web Based Money
On the coattails of Digicash there were hundreds of startups per year working on this space, including my own efforts. In the mid 1990s, the attention switched from Europe to North America for two factors: the Netscape IPO had released a huge amount of VC interest, and also Europe had brought in the first regulatory clampdown on digital cash: the 1994 EU Report on Prepaid Cards, which morphed into a reaction against DigiCash.
Yet, the first great wave of cryptocurrencies spluttered and died, and was instead overtaken by a second wave of web-based monies. First Virtual was a first brief spurt of excitement, to be almost immediately replaced by PayPal which did more or less the same thing.
The difference? PayPal allowed the money to go from person to person, whereas First Virtual had insisted that to accept money you must “be a merchant,” which was a popular restriction from banks and regulators, but people hated it. PayPal also leapt forward by proposing its system as being a hand-to-hand cash, literally: the first versions were on the Palm Pilot, which was extraordinarily popular with geeks. This geek-focus was quickly abandoned as PayPal discovered that what people — real users — really wanted was money on the web browser. Also, having found a willing userbase in the eBay community, its future was more or less guaranteed as long as it avoided the bank/regulatory minefield laid out for it.
As PayPal proved the web became the protocol of choice, even for money, so Chaum’s ideas were more or less forgotten in the wider western marketplace, although the tradition was alive in Russia with WebMoney, and there were isolated pockets of interest in the crypto communities. In contrast, several ventures started up chasing a variant of PayPal’s web-hybrid: gold on the web. The company that succeeded initially was called e-gold, an American-based operation that had its corporation in Nevis in the Caribbean.
e-gold was a fairly simple idea: you send in your physical gold or ‘junk’ silver, and they would credit e-gold to your account. Or you could buy new e-gold, by sending a wire to Florida, and they would buy and hold the physical gold. By tramping the streets and winning customers over, the founder managed to get the company into the black and up and growing by around 1999. As e-gold the currency issuer was offshore, it did not require US onshore approval, and this enabled it for a time to target the huge American market of ‘goldbugs’ and also a growing worldwide community of Internet traders who needed to do cross-border payments. With its popularity on the increase, the independent exchange market exploded into life in 2000, and its future seemed set.
The Regulatory Bust
e-gold however ran into trouble for its libertarian ideal of allowing anyone to have an account. While in theory this is a fine concept, the steady stream of ponzis, HYIPs, ‘games’ and other scams attracted the attention of the Feds. In 2005, e-gold’s Florida offices were raided and that was the end of the currency as an effective force. The Feds also proceeded to mop up any of the competitors and exchange operations they could lay their hands on, ensuring the end of the second great wave of new monies.
In retrospect, 9/11 marked a huge shift in focus. Beforehand, the USA was fairly liberal about alternative monies, seeing them as potential business, innovation for the future. After 9/11 the view switched dramatically, albeit slowly; all cryptocurrencies were assumed to be hotbeds of terrorists and drugs dealers, and therefore valid targets for total control. It’s probably fair to speculate that e-gold didn’t react so well to the shift. Meanwhile, over in Europe, they were going the other way. It had become abundantly clear that the attempt to shut down cryptocurrencies was too successful, Internet business preferred to base itself in the USA, and there had never been any evidence of the bad things they were scared of. Successive generations of the eMoney law were enacted to open up the field, but being Europeans they never really understood what a startup was, and the less-high barriers remained deal killers.
Which brings us forward to 2008, and the first public posting of the Bitcoin paper by Satoshi Nakamoto.
What’s all this worth? The best way I can make this point is an appeal to authority:
Satoshi Nakamoto wrote, on releasing the code:
> You know, I think there were a lot more people interested in the 90′s,
> but after more than a decade of failed Trusted Third Party based systems
> (Digicash, etc), they see it as a lost cause. I hope they can make the
> distinction that this is the first time I know of that we’re trying a
> non-trust-based system.
Bitcoin is a result of history; when decisions were made, they rebounded along time and into the design. Nakamoto may have been the mother of Bitcoin, but it is a child of many fathers: David Chaum’s blinded coins and the fateful compromise with DNB, e-gold’s anonymous accounts and the post-9/11 realpolitik, the cypherpunks and their libertarian ideals, the banks and their industrial control policies, these were the whole cloth out of which Nakamoto cut the invention.
And, finally it must be stressed, most all successes and missteps we see here in the growing Bitcoin sector have been seen before. History is not just humming and rhyming, it’s singing loudly.
This article is reprinted with permission from financialcryptography.com.
The post A Quick History of Cryptocurrencies BBTC — Before Bitcoin appeared first on Bitcoin Magazine.
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Posted: May 01, 2015 7:48 AM BRT – Updated: May 01, 2015 7:48 AM BRT
By Miranda Leah
More than 100-thousand genetically modified mosquitoes were released in Brazil, in part of an effort to battle the ongoing dengue epidemic.
Oxitec, a global initiative focused on insect control, is responsible for the project in Sao Paulo.
Oxitec scientists inject the male mosquitoes with a modified gene containing a protein known as TTA.
When they produce offspring with the dengue-carrying female, the next generation will die before reaching adult phase.
It claims this method is capable of suppressing the mosquito population in the area by 90-percent.
Oxitec’s leader of field operations says similar results were seen in the Cayman Islands in 2009, and most recently in Panama.
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From subreddit AskReddit
I don't care about the self help group. The alpha theory was implemented in the way many trainers trained their dogs, I think people like Cesar Millan have been pushing it on tv as well. Now, the alpha theory was based on the studies of domesticated wolves and was later found not accurate to dogs the way we thought. But that is where the rules such as eat before your dogs, come from. Why do you refuse to understand this? No matter what the goal for you or anyone is whilst doing so, whether it is to gain respect from the dog or to show who is the boss, it comes from that theory. And it is debunked.
My guess is the manual is from the early 2000s because there have been animal behaviorist and ethologists saying the things I am trying to get across to you, at least in 2010 already. Your friend didn't need to say it was to get dominance, but the advise to eat before your dog comes from that theory. And it has been said at least in 2010 by animal behaviorists, that it is useless advise. It won't do harm so of course it will feel like it worked, but it has no effect. So no, it wasn't some dude writing last month to get his accreditation that has never once been used, nor is it new stuff being invented. This has been stated in 2010, and to this day they still agree on it.
_"The myths that resonate in “dominance theory,” such as not allowing the dog to sleep on the bed,
or eat first, or go through doorways first, have no bearing on whether or not the dog will look to
the owner for guidance."_ -ADPT: Dominance and Dog Training
Patricia McConnell, Ph.D., a Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist (CAAB) Emeritus is known worldwide as an expert on canine and feline behavior and dog training. She has made dog training books, DVDs and seminars. Patricia is also an Adjunct Professor in Zoology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, teaching "The Biology and Philosophy of Human/Animal Relationships."
She has said already in 2010, that eating before your dog does nothing to gain respect. You can read one article by her here: https://thebark.com/content/down-dominance but here are other articles and books from her. Dr. Sophia Yin has also said these things in 2009 or maybe even earlier. Dr. Yin was a also a veterinarian, animal Behaviorist, and an author. Even the American veterinary society of animal behavior cite her works.
AVSAB also states they are worried that the dominance theory has been gaining populairty, and points out facts such as: _"Higherranking wolves don’t necessarily have priority access to food. Once a wolf has possession of food, he may not give it up to another wolf regardless of his rank. When food is not yet in possession of either wolf, ritualized aggression (snarling, lunging) may still occur, with the higher-ranking wolves usually winning."_
So how am I the one using rules that are contrary to what is used? Lol. Maybe they were used in 2000s but there is no use to still continue using those practises, since at this point it is a fact that eating before your dog won't make your dog see you more trustworthy or worthy of respected than before. That is what the experts in the field say, not me, not you. A harmless advise that your manual has about eating before your dog isn't harming the dog, but certainly doesn't contribute the way you seem to think it does. Please just do your own research, and stop blindly staring at a manual out of date. You are being very ignorant. We don't have to continue this talk but I do hope you learn how to absorb new information.
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Technology allows physicians and surgeons the ability to provide their patients the best health care possible. As new technologies continue to emerge in the industry, diagnoses and treatments are becoming more reliable and allow patients to recover more effectively.
A concussion is a brain injury that alters the way the brain functions. It can occur after a blow to the head or body from contact with the ground, a ball, another player, or another object. The severity of the injury depends on many factors, and is sometimes not fully realized until symptoms resolve and brain function is back to normal. A concussion, and its symptoms, can vary significantly from one athlete to another.
- Loss of consciousness
- Double or fuzzy vision
- Balance problems
- Slow reaction time
- Difficulty concentrating
- Sensitivity to light and sound
- Feeling sluggish, foggy, or groggy
- Feeling emotional
- Sleep disturbances
Concussions are difficult injuries for physicians to diagnose because symptoms vary and can take up to a week to manifest. Because concussions can affect different areas of the brain, physicians are always looking for the next technological breakthrough to help with concussion detection and treatment. The most recent advancements in tools for early brain injury detection fall into three categories: impact sensors, sideline assessments, and biomarkers.
Impact sensors are accelerometer devices that attach to helmets, mouth guards, or the skin, and record the strength of varying forces caused when a collision occurs.
Sideline assessments are being developed to help with detection during practice or a game. This will help determine whether the affected player can return to play or not.
While biomarkers are not currently being used in the field, this capability is being utilized during recovery by screening blood and saliva. This test is still a work in progress and the question of how to obtain and analyze samples in a reasonable amount of time needs to be addressed.
Premier’s Concussion Care Solution
Premier Orthopaedics utilizes state-of-the-art computerized neurocognitive assessment tools to ensure every patient is evaluated using the best technology available today. In addition to the advanced technology, experienced and knowledgeable staff members always provide comprehensive concussion assessments and physical examinations.
Premier uses this advanced technology in combination with several other components to provide the best care solution to all patients. By focusing on educating athletes, parents, and coaches, we strive to help you identify and manage concussions effectively.
If you’re dealing with a serious injury and are in need of surgery, download our e-book, Your How-To Guide to Choosing an Orthopaedic Surgeon.
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/**
* @author <NAME> <<EMAIL>>
*/
class AppController {
/**
* Returns a service by its id.
*
* @param {String} id
*/
get (id) {
return this._container.get(id);
}
/**
* Returns true if the service id is defined.
*
* @param {String} id
*
* @return bool true if the service id is defined, false otherwise
*/
has (id) {
return this._container.isBound(id);
}
/**
* Gets a container configuration parameter by its name.
*
* @param {String} name The parameter name
*
* @returns {String} | {Null}
*/
getParameter (name) {
if (this._container.get('parameters')[name]) {
return this._container.get(name);
}
return null;
}
/**
* Setter for container.
*
* @param {Object} container
*/
setContainer (container) {
this._container = container;
}
}
module.exports = AppController;
|
{
"registry:response-plugins": {
"transform-response": {
"main": "com.cloudentity.pyron.plugin.impl.transform.response.TransformResponsePlugin",
"verticleConfig": {
"conf": "${PLUGIN_TRANSFORM_RESPONSE_CONF_REF}"
}
}
}
}
|
There have been many arguments about whether or not nuclear energy is a reliable source of energy to power cities and even states. When people hear about nuclear power plants, people think of Chernobyl and Fukushima and the disasters that happened at their nuclear power plants. We all know that at both those places there was a nuclear disaster at nuclear power plants which gave nuclear power a bad rap for being a wide source of energy. However, do most people know why the power plants failed and had such catastrophic problems?
With Chernobyl, the scientists wanted to test to see if the turbines could pump enough coolant in the reactors in case of power outage. They turned off all the safety systems to test this which was one of the biggest mistakes they could have made. Turned out that the turbines could not pump enough coolant into the reactor but before the scientists could turn everything back on to normal, there was a high energy spike in the reactor which caused the gigantic explosion which turned Chernobyl into a vast wasteland.
At Fukushima, there was an earthquake that caused a tsunami which caused the power at the reactor to shut off completely. Usually in those certain situations the back up power would kick in but at the plant they had their back up generators on ground level which happened to be where the water was from the tsunami. Most nuclear power plants should have their back up generators on the roof to avoid problems like the one at Fukushima.
What I am trying to say is, that Nuclear power may be dangerous but only in rare situations and it could possible be a better alternative to fossil fuels. Nuclear power is non-renewable but it gives off little pollution compared to burning fossil fuels. Nuclear waste, however, is very harmful to humans and the environment. It is very expensive to build but once it is done building its costs go down because it is easier to generate electricity from plants than it is from the other non-renewable resources. Nuclear power may have a bad reputation with the events at Chernobyl and Fukushima but they both could have been prevented if they took better safety precautions.
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(From Reddit r/askcarguys)
Struts falling out from underneath my Ford Ranger?
I drive a 2010 Ford Ranger and I got the two front struts replaced a couple of months ago. Since then my truck has been driving real bouncy and is not a smooth ride at all. Today I noticed what looks like one of the struts is slipping out from underneath? There is this bar with a circle at the end and it is literally just sticking out from under the truck(sorry I really am not very car saavy). Any idea of what happened here? I'm scared to drive it!
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If you have never taught French to toddlers you may think that this can’t be that different from teaching preschoolers – after all, they are all young children.
Hint: if you think that you can just reuse your preschool French lessons with toddlers you are doomed for disaster!
I myself learned this the hard way when I first started teaching tots. For example, I quickly discovered that:
- Toddlers are not necessarily the most talkative people in the world. This should not come as a surprise – after all, these little fellows are quite new on this planet and haven’t had time to learn to speak like Shakespeare. However, for a new language teacher this can be quite puzzling and unsettling – what do you do when your audience doesn’t even speak their first language? How could you possibly teach French to (apparently) non-speaking toddlers?
- Toddlers have very short attention spans – even shorter than preschoolers! They jump from thing to thing in pursuit of the next thing that grabs their attention. How in the world can experts say that they are the best language learners out there? You would think that they are not paying attention at all! Or are they? Something doesn’t seem to match – if they are not paying attention, how can they learn language?
- Toddlers do not understand stories – which is too bad because I love working around stories. Now I would have to figure out something different in order to create the rich language experiences which young children need in order to gain high levels of proficiency in French.
- And on and on and on.
Truly, toddlers are not just different animals – they seem to come from a different planet altogether!
So I immersed myself in toddler education – from emerging math to emotional development, from movement to science, and everything in between. I would read anything that would give me clues on how to teach toddlers, no matter the subject matter (this is because I believe that the best way to teach is to target the whole child, as opposed to focusing too narrowly on an specific subject, in this case French).
I also experimented with many different things. All in all, I have found that toddlers learn more French when:
- The instruction is mainly hands-on and your toddlers get to touch, move, dance, doodle, make music, and employ all of their senses.
- You (the teacher) use whole language and don’t assume that because your students can only say a few thing that is all they understand or can learn.
- The instruction is integrated into their everyday life (you can do this by engaging the parents through parent-child classes and teaching them activities that they can replicate at home).
- There is plenty of variety but also enough cohesion to keep it all together instead of jumping from topic to topic.
- There is lots of repetition.
The French for Preschoolers E-Guide contains many sections for those of you who want to teach toddlers. Among many other things, you will learn how to:
- Develop long-term lessons that will expand during several weeks – no more nail-biting on Sunday nights!
- Create toddler-friendly French activities that will keep your students excited about coming to your class.
- Go beyond teaching colors, numbers, animals, and other isolated lists of words – your students can do much more than this and you can help them do so!
- Engage the parents if you decide so (quite a good idea). Parents can be your best assets if you know how to do it.
And the best thing is that, since the French for Preschoolers E-Guide also covers the preschool and early elementary years, you will have plenty of ideas to keep you going for a few years!
To get your own copy of the French for Preschoolers E-Guide, simply click on the button below. Please note that PayPal accepts all major credit cards so you don’t need to have a PayPal account to pay through PayPal. The E-Guide comes with a 30-day money-back guarantee.
P. S. Toddlers are new to the world and they are building a sense of what it is to be “me.” In order to build that “me,” they also need to figure out the “other.” They depend heavily on their senses for this. Understanding this is the key to teaching them.
P. S. And if that was not a small task, toddlers are also learning language! In the case of your students, two (or more) languages. Provided the best environment, they will soak up their languages like the proverbial “language sponges” that they are – but ONLY IF you do indeed provide that optimal environment. A sponge can only soak what is around them!
P. S. S. So this is your opportunity – grab your own copy of the French for Preschoolers E-Guide and learn how to create the best “French for Toddlers” environment today!
P. S. S. S. Still some lingering questions about the guide? Don’t know how to download it? Visit the FAQ section to find more about it.
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Being fluent in STEM is all about nailing abbreviations, owning slang and memorising 342 job titles that ends in ‘ologist’. Here are 12 commonly used terms in today’s tech-verse that would have sounded seriously sci-fi in your mum and dad’s day.
1. AI (Artificial intelligence)
While this term was technically coined in 1950s, it has only come into common usage in recent years. AI refers to a computer or computer-controlled robot, programmed to perform tasks otherwise reserved for intelligent beings – like us! AI often boasts ‘human’ characteristics such as the ability to learn from past experiences, reason and self-correct. Oh, and they may/may not take over the world.
2. App developer
App developers are involved in all phases of application programming – from helping devise initial concepts to creating in-app mechanics and capabilities. Most have bachelor’s degrees in computer science and spend approximately 7.5 hours a day working – and playing – on their phones.
An informal – and often personal – DIY-style website consisting of a series of chronological text entries. Images and copy are usually accompanied by links, comments and embedded videos. WordPress, Tumblr and blogger are among the most popular services used.
Electronic cash that can be digitally traded between users without the need for a central bank or administrator – Bitcoin is the most famous example. Cryptocurrency can be exchanged for other currencies, products and services too. Transactions are heavily encrypted and can be anonymous.
The specialised safety techniques and systems used to protect internet-connected networks, devices, programs and data from unauthorised access (aka hacks).
6. Data science
The act of manually mining data – or information – has been a thing since forever, but this new method of farming it digitally wasn’t around when your parents were applying for jobs. Data scientists provide companies with the information needed to make smarter business decisions, by hunting down stats to uncover new insights, predict trends and understand complex consumer behaviours.
If you’re a computer engineer you’d be all over the act of finding, fixing and removing errors from a program’s source code before a user experiences them. Monitor. Test. Analyse. Repeat. Oh, and coffee. A lot of coffee.
Apart from being a multinational technology company and the most-used search engine on the internet, google has become a go-to verb in our vocabulary. We talk about googling cats, needing to google that song and not googling medical symptoms. Yep, in 2019 Google is kind of a big deal.
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the digital language used to communicate how online content is to be displayed and formatted on web pages. Among a host of other uses, it groups, hyperlinks, italicises, bolds and formats text. Commands like , and are super common.
10. Machine learning
Robots might not have taken over the world yet, but they have made a game-changing impact on the world of digital data. Machine learning refers to the AI that gives digital programs the ability to learn from new data without being manually programmed to do so. Think: when Facebook personalises your news feed based on what you’ve clicked on.
So your parents probably used this word, but not in one of its more popular contexts today. In the tech world, ‘reach’ refers to a social media account’s potential audience size and is one of the fundamental metrics used in digital marketing to determine the potential engagement rate – or popularity – of a post. The bigger the reach, the higher the chance of likes, comments and re-posts.
12. Voice recognition
The concept of translating human speech to computer talk is a huge tech development that is quite possibly still blowing your parents’ minds. Voice recognition software allows us to speak with electronic devices (“Hey Siri!”), ask them about things (“What’s the weather like in Iceland?”) and command them to do stuff (“Call mum!”). Machine learning at its finest.
Want more lists? For the A-Z of STEM careers head here.
Author: Cassie Steel
As Refraction’s digital editor, Cassie Steel spends her days researching robots and stalking famous scientists on Twitter.
|
Hi, I made a post on a similar topic a couple of weeks ago, so decided to try a different method.
I installed the xqt-debian-jumbo-lite package on my 5500 (running the tcK rom) to main memory, then ran the install script to install the zaurus-debian-jumbo tarball onto a fresh 512MB SD card.
Now, because I never have managed to get the USB networking working properly (I can SSH between the Z and my Mac, but can't access the internet from the Z.), I commented out the lines in the install script to update the apt sources - otherwise it would just hang.
Everything seems OK, but when I run 'xlaucher debian' it brings up the X server, but a few seconds later crashes back to the terminal - no error messages.
Is it vital to go through the 'apt sources' step ?
Otherwise, I'm stumped.
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export const DONUT_FROSTING_COVERAGE = 'DONUT_FROSTING_COVERAGE'
export const DONUT_SPRINKLE_COVERAGE = 'DONUT_SPRINKLE_COVERAGE'
export const DONUT_FROSTING_THICKNESS = 'DONUT_FROSTING_THICKNESS'
export const DONUT_INNER_RADIUS = 'DONUT_INNER_RADIUS'
export const DONUT_OUTER_RADIUS = 'DONUT_OUTER_RADIUS'
const SET_DONUT_ATTRIBUTE = 'SET_DONUT_ATTRIBUTE'
export const setDonutAttribute = ({ attribute, value }) => ({ attribute, value, type: SET_DONUT_ATTRIBUTE })
export default function reducer (state = {
DONUT_FROSTING_COVERAGE: 0.55,
DONUT_FROSTING_THICKNESS: 1,
DONUT_SPRINKLE_COVERAGE: 0.75,
DONUT_INNER_RADIUS: 0.15,
DONUT_OUTER_RADIUS: 0.75
}, action) {
switch (action.type) {
case SET_DONUT_ATTRIBUTE:
const newValue = parseFloat(action.value, 10)
switch (action.attribute) {
case DONUT_FROSTING_COVERAGE:
return Object.assign({}, state, { [action.attribute]: newValue })
case DONUT_SPRINKLE_COVERAGE:
return Object.assign({}, state, { [action.attribute]: newValue })
case DONUT_FROSTING_THICKNESS:
return Object.assign({}, state, { [action.attribute]: newValue })
case DONUT_INNER_RADIUS:
if (newValue >= state.DONUT_OUTER_RADIUS) {
return state
}
return Object.assign({}, state, { [action.attribute]: newValue })
case DONUT_OUTER_RADIUS:
if (newValue <= state.DONUT_INNER_RADIUS) {
return state
}
return Object.assign({}, state, { [action.attribute]: newValue })
default:
throw new Error(`invalid attribute provided ${action.attribute}`)
}
default:
return state
}
}
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• Code Promo Sephora • juin 2022 • Code Réduction Sephora
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Help for leer splayed leg
Discussion in 'Guinea Fowl' started by pntdhorses, Mar 9, 2016.
1. pntdhorses
pntdhorses Out Of The Brooder
Oct 18, 2015
I bought 2 Guinea Keets at Atwoods that both had severe splayed legs. They basically put them aside to die as they had no idea
what to do with them (that's a whole other subject). Did the band aid method and both responded really well. Completely cured one but the other had a relapse with one leg after a week. Have been rewrapping and just can't seem to straighten it. Took it to a vet yesterday hoping he could help but basically did the same thing I've been doing. I almost feel like the best solution would be a little cast if possible to straighten it. Is this at all possible? Sorry about the title of this post...crappy spell check. LOL
Last edited: Mar 9, 2016
2. postalpoultry
postalpoultry Chillin' With My Peeps
Mar 9, 2013
Mounds OK
I found some stuff at walgreens (even tho I'm not a fan) its like a roll of gauze only you can wet it and make a cast
BackYard Chickens is proudly sponsored by
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Šīs īsais darbs ietver dažas steigā uzmestas piezīmes, ko Berlins rakstīja kādam draugam (kurš nevēlas tikt identificēts) 1981. gadā. Viņa draugam bija jālasa lekcija, un viņš uzrakstīja Berlinam, vaicājot kā šo tematu varētu apskatīt. Nākamajā dienā pēc šī lūguma saņemšanas Berlinam vajadzēja doties uz ārzemēm, viņš šīs piezīmes uzrakstīja ātri, pašrocīgi, viņam nebija laika ne tās pārskatīt, ne izvērst. Rezultāts, bez šaubām, ir mazliet aizelsies un telegrāfisks, taču ļoti tieši atklāj Berlina pretestību neiecietībai un aizspriedumiem – it īpaši fanātiskam monismam, kā arī stereotipiem un agresīvam nacionālismam.
Henrijs Hārdijs, Jesajas Berlina darbu redaktors
I
Nav daudz tādu ideju, kuras būtu nodarījušas vairāk ļaunuma nekā indivīdu vai grupu (vai cilšu, valstu, nāciju vai baznīcu) pārliecība, ka tieši viņiem pieder vienīgās īpašumtiesības uz patiesību, it sevišķi attiecībā uz to, kā jādzīvo, kādam jābūt un kas jādara –, un tie, kuri par to ir citādās domās, ir ne vien maldīgi, bet arī ļauni vai plānprātīgi, tāpēc tos nepieciešams ierobežot vai izolēt. Tā ir baisa un bīstama iedomība – uzskatīt, ka taisnība ir tikai tev vienam; ka tev pieder maģiska acs, kura redz patiesību, un ka citiem nevar būt taisnība, ja viņi tev nepiekrīt. Tā rada pārliecību, ka tautai, baznīcai vai visai cilvēcei ir viens un tikai viens mērķis, un tas atsver jebkādas ciešanas (it sevišķi no citu cilvēku puses), ja vien šis mērķis tiek sasniegts, – „cauri asiņu jūrai uz Mīlestības valstību” (vai tamlīdzīgi), kā teica Robespjērs,[1] un tam svēti ticēja Hitlers, Ļeņins, Staļins un, uzdrošinos sacīt, reliģisko karu vadoņi cīņās starp kristiešiem un musulmaņiem vai starp katoļiem un protestantiem. Pārliecība, ka pastāv tikai viena vienīgā pareizā atbilde uz galvenajiem jautājumiem, kuri ir nodarbinājuši cilvēci, un ka šī atbilde ir viņa rokās – vai Vadoņa rokās –, ir izlējusi asiņu jūras, tomēr nav novedusi pie Mīlestības valstības, un tas nemaz nav iespējams: pastāv daudzi dzīves, ticības un uzvedības veidi, un tīrās zināšanas, ko dod vēsture, antropoloģija, literatūra, māksla, tieslietas, skaidri parāda, ka kultūru un raksturu atšķirības sakņojas tikpat dziļi kā līdzības (kas cilvēkus dara cilvēciskus), un ka šī bagātīgā daudzveidība nepadara mūs nabagākus; zināšanas par to atver prāta (un dvēseles) logus un dara cilvēkus gudrākus, patīkamākus un civilizētākus; turpretī tās neesamība rada iracionālus aizspriedumus, naidu, ķeceru un atšķirīgu cilvēku baismīgu likvidēšanu. Ja to mums nav iemācījuši abi pasaules kari un Hitlera genocīds, tad mēs esam neārstējami.
Pats vērtīgākais vai viens no vērtīgākajiem elementiem britu tradīcijās ir tieši relatīvā brīvība no politiska, rasu vai reliģijas fanātisma un monomānijas; kompromisi ar cilvēkiem, kas jums nav simpātiski vai nav pilnībā saprotami, ir nepieciešami jebkurā piedienīgā sabiedrībā, un nekas nav tik kaitniecisks kā laimīgā pārliecība par savu – vai savas valsts – nemaldīgumu, kas ļauj ar mierīgu sirdsapziņu iznīcināt citus, jo jūs, lūk, darbojaties Dieva (spāņu inkvizīcija vai ājatollas) vai izredzētās rases (Hitlers) vai Vēstures (Ļeņins – Staļins) vārdā. Vienīgās zāles ir sapratne par to, kā – laikā vai telpā – dzīvo citas sabiedrības, un ka ir iespējams dzīvot citādu dzīvi nekā jūsējā un tomēr palikt pilnīgi cilvēcīgām būtnēm, kas ir mīlestības, cieņas vai vismaz ziņkāres vērtas. Jēzus, Sokrāts, Bohēmijas Jans Huss, izcilais ķīmiķis Lavuazjē, sociālisti un liberāļi (kā arī konservatīvie) Krievijā, ebreji Vācijā – visi tie gāja bojā no „nemaldīgo” ideologu rokas; intuitīva pārliecība nav aizstājējs rūpīgi pārbaudītām empīriskām zināšanām, kas balstās uz novērojumiem un eksperimentiem, un brīvu diskusiju starp cilvēkiem. Pirmie cilvēki, kurus totalitārie režīmi cenšas iznīcināt vai apklusināt, ir ideju un brīvas domāšanas nesēji.
II
Cits pārvaramu konfliktu avots ir stereotipi. Ciltis ienīst kaimiņu ciltis, no kurām jūt apdraudējumu, un pēc tam piešķir savām bailēm racionālu pamatu, attēlojot tās kā ļaunas, zemāk attīstītas, muļķīgas vai nicināmas. Tomēr šie stereotipi reizēm mēdz itin ātri mainīties. Ņemsim kaut vai 19. gadsimtu. Piemēram, 1840. gadā frančus uzskatīja par trakulīgiem, galantiem, amorāliem, militarizētiem cilvēkiem ar sprogotām ūsām, par tādiem, kas bīstami sievietēm un gatavi iebrukt Anglijā, lai atriebtos par Vaterlo kauju; vāciešus uzskatīja par alus dzērājiem, diezgan smieklīgiem provinciāļiem, mūzikas mīļotājiem, miglainas metafizikas apcerētājiem, nekaitīgiem, bet samērā muļķīgiem tipiem. Ap 1871. gadu vācieši ir ulāni, kas traucas cauri Francijai, briesmīgā Bismarka skubināti, – biedējoši, nacionāla lepnuma apsēsti prūšu militāristi, utt. Francija ir nabadzīga, sakauta, civilizēta zeme, kuru pienākas aizsargāt visiem krietnajiem cilvēkiem, lai tās māksla un literatūra neietu bojā zem ļauno iekarotāju zābakiem.
Krievi 19. gadsimtā ir apspiesti dzimtļaudis + tumšu domu nomākti, pusreliģiozi slāvu mistiķi, kas raksta drūmus romānus, + milzīgs caram uzticīgu kazaku bars, kas prot skaisti dziedāt. Mūsu dienās šis ieskats ir dramatiski mainījies: jā, apspiesta tauta, bet viņiem ir tehnoloģija, tanki, bezdievju materiālisms, gatavība krusta karam pret kapitālismu, utt., utt. Angļi ir cietsirdīgi imperiālisti, kas valda pār neattīstītiem iezemiešiem un lūkojas uz pārējo pasauli no augšas, bet vēlāk kļūst par trūkumā iedzītiem, liberāliem, krietniem labklājības valstu beneficiāriem, kam vajadzīgi sabiedrotie. Un tā tālāk. Visi šie stereotipi ir aizstājēji īstām zināšanām – kuras nekad nav tik vienkāršas vai pastāvīgas kā konkretizēts un vispārināts svešzemnieka tēls –, un veicina nacionālu pašapmierinātību un nicinājumu pret citām tautām. Tie ir nacionālisma balsts.
III
Nacionālisms – kuru 19. gadsimtā visi uzskatīja par aizejošu parādību – šodien ir visstiprākais un bīstamākais spēks, kas darbojas pasaulē. Parasti tā cēlonis ir pārestība, ko viena tauta nodarījusi citai attiecībā uz tās pašlepnumu vai teritoriju: ja Luijs IV – Saules Karalis, kura valsts izdeva likumus visiem: politikā, karadarbībā, mākslā, filozofijā, zinātnē –, nebūtu uzbrucis vāciešiem, izpostījis to zemi un gadiem ilgi tos pazemojis, varbūt vācieši nebūtu kļuvuši gluži tik agresīvi, teiksim, 19. gadsimta sākumā, kad viņi iedegās nacionālā naidā pret Napoleonu. Tāpat, ja Rietumi 19. gadsimtā nebūtu uzlūkojuši krievus par barbarisku masu un ķīniešus nebūtu pazemojuši opija kari vai vispārēja ekspluatācija, ne vieni, ne otri varbūt tik viegli nebūtu padevušies doktrīnai, kura solīja, ka viņi mantos pasauli pēc tam, kad – kopā ar vēstures spēkiem, kurus neviens nespēj apturēt – būs satriekuši visus kapitālistiskos pretiniekus. Ja indieši nebūtu izjutuši augstprātīgo attieksmi... utt., utt. Iekarojumus, tautu paverdzināšanu, imperiālismu utt. izraisa ne tikai alkatība vai tieksme pēc slavas: cilvēkiem ir nepieciešama kāda pamatideja, ar kuru attaisnot sevi pašu acīs – franči kā vienīgā patiesā kultūras tauta, „baltā cilvēka slogs”, komunisms, – un stereotipi, kas citiem piedēvē mazvērtīgāku vai nelietīgu dabu. Vienīgi zināšanas, kas apgūtas rūpīgi, nevis aši un virspusēji, var gaisināt šādu attieksmi; arī tās pašas no sevis neiznīcinās cilvēku agresivitāti un nepatiku pret atšķirīgo (attiecībā uz ādas krāsu, kultūru, reliģiju), tomēr vēstures, antropoloģijas, jurisprudences mācības (it sevišķi tad, ja tās ir „salīdzinošas”, nevis apgūtas tikai savas valsts ietvaros, kā tas parasti notiek) palīdz uzlabot stāvokli.
[1] Iespējams, Berlins atsaucas uz rindkopu, kurā Robespjērs raksta: “en scellant notre ouvrage de notre sang, nous puissions voir au moins briller l’aurore de la félicité universelle5 (apzīmogojot savu darbu ar asinīm, mēs varam vismaz ieraudzīt spožo visaptverošas laimes ausmu). Rapport sur les principes de morale politique qui doivent guider la Convention nationale dans l’administration intérieure de la République. [Parīze, 1704. gads], 4. lpp.
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<issue_start>Title: fix(vcl): make sure trace is complete and returned in synthetic errors
user0: Please ensure your pull request adheres to the following guidelines:
- [x] make sure to link the related issues in this description
- [x] when merging / squashing, make sure the fixed issue references are visible in the commits, for easy compilation of release notes
## Related Issues
#383
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In today’s day and age, social media plays an important role in our life. It has gradually taken over our lives and has now become an essential part of it with such a vast reach and presence social media marketing is the new nom in marketing
In order to fully utilize social media marketing by following a few tips can increase your presence in the market. A well-executed social media strategy can boost the product or company.
The following list shows top 9 social media marketing strategies a business shirt implement to increase their overall reach and gain more benefits
1- Set Clear Goals
The most important factor in marketing is to know what you plan to achieve from it. Well defined goals help in planning the marketing strategy; accordingly, it’s also so important that those goals achievable
The SMART goal strategy is beneficial to achieve a successful social marketing
SSpecific: Meaning the goals should be specific, and the desired results must be known.
MMeasurable: Meaning what level of success has been achieved, most likely in terms of percentage
AAttainable: Meaning no far stretched goals are kept in mind, which can lead to disappointment and frustration if not achieved. In short, the goals must be practical.
RRelevant: Meaning the defined strategy is making an impact on the final goal or not.
TTimely: Meaning that time is of the essence, and the goals need to follow specific and strict timelines for successful monitoring.
2- Identifying the Audience
Effective marketing is only possible when the audience it’s being targeted at is clear. Only when the target audience is in sight, the marketing strategy begins. Setting the marketing strategy and goals to achieve it becomes much easier. The following techniques can help Identifying the target audience: learning the demographics, by doing surveys and collecting feedback through various tools. Various forums and blogs are also helpful in identifying the audience.
3- Choosing the Right Platform
The biggest mistake a company or individuals can do is to market it on multiple social media channels, which leads to exhausting of resources and efforts. Instead of focusing on multiple forums, choose a social media site by seeing on which platform the target audience is mostly on and then putting all your effort into it. The platforms are Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, or any other so now market your product or service where your majority of the audience is present.
One smart move is to identify what social media platform the main competitor. It will help in identifying the platform much quicker, and with extensive research, one could get an insight into their audiences as the competitor would already be engaging them.
A few social media sites and their audiences are as follows:
LinkedIn: it’s the world’s biggest careers network, with nearly 500 million users.
Facebook: it’s the most common and popular social media site with over 2 million users. Unlike other platforms, it has the most regular user base.
Instagram: It focuses on the visual aspect with slightly less focus on content as a result has the highest engagement level among other platforms
Snapchat: The most popular platform amongst the youth
YouTube: it’s a video sharing platform, and a good video showing your product or service can be helpful.
Pinterest: it’s a relatively new platform and goes for it if you feel the product/service is engaging, attractive, and can be an impulse buying thing.
4- Higher Well Qualified Social Media Handler And Staff
One big mistake companies make is to hire incompetent employees whose wages are less. It is really important to hire professionals for this and one who knows what they are doing. A qualified manager and staff have strategic thinking which is a must in marketing. A competent person will know how to post and engage followers. These people are the voice of your company and choosing people with excellent writing skills will help your campaign and the overall company
5- Choose Quality Over Quantity
In marketing the biggest blunder, a company can do to post content constantly on their preferred media platform. It brings down the quality, and no real benefit comes out of it. A well researched and thought out post towards your target group will reap many more benefits than just simply bringing out stuff just for the sake of it. In short, one good post per week is better than posting multiple posts in a month
6- Get On The Influencer Bandwagon
Getting an influencer to post your stuff on their pages can benefit your product by up to 50%. In this regard, thorough research is required to identify the targeted influencer based on the audience and the platform where the influencer is present.
Now, this these influencer won’t just post stuff for free, and nowadays proper contracts are signed. It all depends on how much and how popular an influencer is. An influencer who associates with the product on a personal level might do this for free, in short, it all comes down to your negotiation skills and how you can fully utilize the influencer as per your needs.
7- Run Tests to Boost Your Social Media Strategy / Engaging the Audience
Who doesn’t want something free by simply tagging their friends or answering a simple question?
Having these small contests with the users could help your brand in getting a wider reach.
The contests can be as simple as giving some giveaways of your products or service to the person who wins. The most common types are tagging someone in the post, like that particular page, sharing it with your friends and other small stuff. No rocket science is involved and fruitful gains are achieved from it. In short, the product promotes itself
8- Grow Your Audience
More the eyeballs on your post more the results. It’s the job of a social media manager and influencers to focus on increasing their followers. To do this, you want the followers to subscribe to your channel, so it keeps them updated on your future posts and ultimately leads to an increase in followers.
Paid advertising is a necessity when you are initially starting your business as you need to catch the eyeballs which see your content. When a user is browsing through a social media site, these paid ads are great in reaching out to users that otherwise could not have come into contact with your post.
9- Working with the Right Tools
Using essential tools will ensure that the are social media strategy runs smoothly. These tools are most likely automation tools which help you schedule your social media content. Every business needs a different tool based on their requirements.
Tools such as Hootsuite and Buffer can make a life of social media team much easier. A few features are the Integration of different social media platforms. The ability to plan ahead about what kind of content to post and their schedule can is an added benefit.
The impact of social media marketing is undeniable despite being a tedious task. Any lapse in the work will ultimately cost you, customers. The tips mentioned above can help in planning your social media strategy. You could reap the benefits of this new age marketing.
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People with learning disabilities have a right to the same level of health care as that provided to the general population.
This care should be flexible and responsive and any diagnosis or treatment must take account of specific needs associated with the person’s learning disability.
The term Learning disability (LD) is used to describe a person who has developmental delay or intellectual disabilities which are usually evident from birth or early childhood.
There are three core criteria, which must be used for the term learning disability to apply:
- Significant impairment of intellectual function
- Significant impairment of adaptive and or social function (ability to cope on a day to day basis with the demands of his/her environment and the expectations of age and culture)
- Age of onset before adulthood
Learning disability does not include:
- The development of intellectual, social or adaptive impairments after the age of 18
- Brain injury acquired after the age of 18
- Complex medical conditions that affect intellectual and social/adaptive functioning: eg dementias, huntington’s chorea
- Specific learning difficulties, e.g. dyslexia, literacy or numeracy problems, or delayed speech and language development
The term learning difficulties which is often used in education services to describe people with specific learning problems does not indicate that a person has a learning disability as defined above. People with learning disabilities may present as having:
- Difficulties communicating and expressing needs and choices
- Difficulty understanding their diagnosis, treatment options or services available to them
- Difficulty understanding the consequences their decisions can have on their health status
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Thursday, January 19, 2012
The strange story behind Grizzly Adams
TV GUIDE, Jan 28, 1978
Yesterday, I was reminded about why everyone has such warm feelings for the tv show Grizzly Adams. The short answer is manipulation but longer answer is a fascinating read about a Mormon producer, computers, and extensive test-marketing.
Charles E. Sellier, Jr. was a Mormon producer with a predilection for family values. In 1971, he began developing an elaborate system which could test-market ideas/scenes for commercials, tv shows and films. His process was so successful that his, "...techniques enabled him to achieve a commanding 52% success ratio in the domestic theatrical market, during a time when the major studios only averaged one in seven."
image via SuperMag
Everything was test marketed, down to the type of bear (Grizzly), likeability of guest star faces, plot points and the frequency of humans.
“Our audience, Sellier says, "likes waterfalls, pretty vistas and high mountain ridges, preferably with actors and animals as part of the scene. They dislike snow, except at Christmas. What they like is eternal summer in the primeval, womanless wilderness.”
I had always just assumed that this amazingly tender show about nature, animals and kindness was an unavoidable result of the good energy of the 1970s, as if Americans needed this show so badly that our collective subconscious had willed it into existence.
Even the real life character Grizzly Adams was based on needed some improving. (Actually, he sounds like a jerk and probably did need some 'softening'.)
“Our audience,” Sellier says, “dislikes animals being violent to humans and to other animals, and humans being violent to animals and other humans. They dislike hunting, either for sport for food—Grizzly can fish but he doesn't hunt and he doesn't eat meat. He's portrayed as one of the first vegetarians. He wears only homespun clothes, never any animals kins. It's not whim, it's all tested.”
Anonymous said...
I remember the shock when our tv hero's face caught on fire. His persona created a sacred love for him for all of us young viewers. It was felt like Michael Jackson's death. Was it a bit of a publicity stunt or as terrible as it was said to be. The image of Grizzly's beard on fire is seared in my mind.
Joey Veltkamp said...
WHOA! You just blew my mind gfinholt! I hadn't ever heard about that. Wow, the story just gets more strange. Thanks for letting me know. I better start being more careful with my flaming cocktails & beard!
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Bayi
Bayi (tyb. , Wylie brag yib; ) – dzielnica miasta Nyingchi w Tybetańskim Regionie Autonomicznym w zachodniej części Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej. 3 kwietnia 2015 roku Rada Państwa zadecydowała o przekształceniu prefektury Linzhi w prefekturę miejską Nyingchi, oraz utworzenie dzielnicy Bayi w granicach ówczesnego powiatu Nyingchi.
Przypisy
Tybet
Nyingchi
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Education in the Czech Republic is known to many foreign students as an alternative to a rather expensive education in other European countries. Czech universities are not inferior to their European colleagues in quality, or prestige and traditions. In addition, in the Czech Republic, you can go through the Foundation program, get an inexpensive MBA or spend several weeks at a language school studying Czech or English. Basically, the Czech Republic has many educational opportunities available to a variety of students - from high school graduates to well-established specialists.
In the Czech Republic, education is compulsory for children of ages 6 to 15: during this time, most children attend basic elementary school (základní škola). After the fifth grade, students can choose another educational institution to continue their studies. The high school is divided into two stages: the first is from grades 6 to 9, and the second one is optional and lasts another three years - from grades 10 to 13.
The academic year begins on September 1 and ends on August 31 of the following year.
In addition to the basic school, there are 4 more types of secondary educational institutions:
The academic year begins on September 1 and ends on August 31 of the following year.
In addition to the basic school, there are 4 more types of secondary educational institutions:
- General secondary schools (gymnázium) provide general academic preparation for further admission to the university. Duration of study may vary depending on the number of years spent in primary school: when entering after the fifth grade, education takes 8 years, after the seventh grade - 6 years, and after the ninth grade - 4 years. In the end, students pass the final exam (maturita). In total, about 20% of children attend such schools.
- Conservatories (konzervatoř) are similar to gymnasiums, but the training programs here focus on dancing, music and acting. Children come here after the 6th grade and study for 8 years in the dance department or 6 years in acting and music. At the end of the conservatory, two diplomas are issued: on graduating from high school (maturitní zkoušce) and on the corresponding arts education (absolutorium).
- Secondary technical schools (střední odborná škola - SOŠ) provide vocational education in 260 areas. About 40% of the time is devoted to general education subjects, and 60% to technical training. Training lasts 4 years and also ends with a final exam (maturita), after which graduates can continue to study or find work.
- Secondary vocational schools (střední odborné učiliště - SOU) offer special vocational education, which takes from 1 year to 4 years - the longer the duration, the higher the qualification. In addition, graduates of short courses do not receive a high school diploma and, therefore, are not able to continue their studies. In total, there are 565 such institutions in the Czech Republic, and about 50% of children attend them.
- Tuition. Studying in the Czech language in CR public universities is free for both local and foreign students. Tuition fees in programs conducted in English range from 0 to 24,886 USD per year.
- Cost of living. Housing in the Czech Republic is relatively cheap compared to other European countries: a month of renting a one-room apartment in Prague costs on average 607 USD, while in London - 2,185 USD, in Paris - 1,093 USD, in Berlin - 971 USD. Household expenses range from 300 to 728 USD per month.
- Student life. In the ranking of the best student cities in the world according to QS, there are two Czech cities: Prague in 35th place and Brno in 60th. Czech universities provide dormitories, help with employment, and offer medical care. The state also makes public transportation discounts for students.
- Entrance tests. Despite the fact that all public universities are subordinate to the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy), they still have a large share of freedom and autonomy. In this regard, each university has the right to set their own entrance examinations.
- Age restrictions. Education conducted in Czech at public universities is free and has no age restrictions. However, student privileges such as student discounts on health insurance and public transport do not apply to people over 26 years old.
Cost and structure of education in the Czech Republic
Higher education in the Czech Republic is represented by three types of educational institutions: universities provide academic training in the framework of bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral studies, colleges offer specialized vocational education, and conservatories are engaged in training in creative fields. The main language of instruction is Czech, but some universities have programs in English, Russian, French and German.
|Program||Min. age||Duration||Min. cost||Avg. cost||Min. language proficiency||Exams|
|Summer Camp||7+||1–8 weeks||267 USD/week||1,821 USD/week||Elementary (A1)||-|
|Language Schools||9+||1–12 weeks||328 USD/week||704 USD/week||Elementary (A1)||-|
|Elementary school||6||6 years||Free||16,389 USD/year||Intermediate (B1)||-|
|Secondary school||12||6 years||Free||16,389 USD/year||Intermediate (B1)||-|
|Foundation||18+||1 year||2,549 USD/year||4,492 USD/year||Intermediate (B1)||IELTS / TOEFL|
|College||18+||3-5 years||121 USD/year||243 USD/year||Intermediate (B1)||CCE / IELTS / TOEFL|
|Bachelor’s||18+||3-4 years||Free||4,249 USD/year||Intermediate (B1)||CCE / IELTS / TOEFL|
|MBA||21+||1-3 years||Free||15,175 USD/year||Upper-Intermediate (B2)||CCE / IELTS / TOEFL|
|Master’s||21+||1-3 years||Free||5,099 USD/year||Upper-Intermediate (B2)||CCE / IELTS / TOEFL|
|Doctoral||22+||3-4 years||Free||5,706 USD/year||Advanced (C1)||CCE / IELTS / TOEFL|
|Registration fee||140 USD|
|Learning materials||Free or 267 USD/year|
The options for admission to Czech universities
Admission and requirements of Czech universities
Admission to most universities consists of three consecutive stages: sending an application, entrance exams and sending a package of application documents. Czech universities accept applications from January to March. In addition to filling out digital forms, some universities may ask you to complete an additional task, for example, provide a motivational letter or shoot a video. In April, the dates of entrance examinations are revealed - they are usually scheduled for May. Exams usually consist of oral and written parts. They test the knowledge of students in the chosen specialty and the level of knowledge of the Czech language.
Nostrification - Validation of foreign studies and degreesThe last stage is the submission of all necessary documents. This also includes the validation of a foreign degree or certificate of previous education. The establishment which a student needs to address depends on the location of stay (for example, if a student is staying in Prague, the Prague City Hall will conduct nostrification). A complete list of organizations accredited for nostrification can be found here.
The result of verification can be a complete confirmation (or denial of confirmation) of the document or its partial recognition. In the second case, students may be asked to take the verification test, which consists of questions on subjects that are present in the Czech school curriculum but are not in the recognized certificate. Despite the fact that the test is conducted in Czech, a student can hire a translator, since language proficiency evaluation is not the point of the test.
- A notarized translation into Czech of a degree or certificate of previous education and transcript with grades;
- Confirmation of registration fee payment (140 USD);
- Original passport;
- Confirmation of your stay in the Czech Republic.
Application documents for Czech universities
- Notarized translation into Czech of a document of previous education and transcript with grades;
- Notarized Czech translation of the birth certificate;
- Verified document of previous education;
- Copy of the passport;
- Health certificate;
- Motivation letter;
- English or Czech language certificate (some universities do not require a language certificate, preferring to conduct language testing on their own);
- Registration fee payment receipt (24-55 USD).
Foundation - Preparatory programs in the Czech RepublicSome universities in the Czech Republic offer annual foundation programs (přípravné kurzy), created specifically for international students who want to study in bachelor’s, master’s or doctoral programs, but do not meet the language requirements of the university. The curriculum may consist solely of classes in Czech, as well as additional subjects in the related subjects. Teaching is usually conducted in English, but some universities offer courses in, for example, Russian. An application is submitted online on the university website.
In addition to personal information, the following documents are required:
- Motivation letter (in Russian, Czech or English);
- Copy of the passport;
- Copy of the international passport (if any);
- Copy of a document of previous education (depending on the university, you may need to certify a copy or translate it into English or Czech);
- Tuition fee receipt.
The benefits of foundation courses are not only the study of the language - some universities may fully or partially free graduates of their foundation programs from the entrance examinations.
College - Vocational education in the Czech RepublicColleges (Vyšší odborná škola) in the Czech Republic provide vocational training for students for future employment. The main difference between a college and a university is the cost of training. Education in private and public colleges is paid, regardless of the language of instruction (the cost varies from 100 to 243 USD per year). Each college has the right to set its own entrance examinations.
Training lasts 2-3 years and mainly focuses on the development of practical skills. Each college develops a curriculum of its own, but it must be approved by the Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports. The educational process is conditionally divided into general, practical and specialized training in the ratio of 20:40:40. Students attend lectures, practical and theoretical classes, as well as undergo internships at workplaces.
At the end of the college, students pass the final exam (absolutorium), which consists of tests in specialized subjects and a foreign language exam, as well as a thesis defense. College graduates are considered diplomovaný specialista. They can either immediately search for a job or pursue a bachelor’s degree (in which case the duration of study will be reduced to one or two years).
Bachelor’s - Undergraduate in the Czech RepublicIn accordance with the Bologna Declaration adopted in 2001, a bachelor’s program is the first step in the academic ladder. Training lasts from 3 to 4 years depending on the field of study. The academic year is divided into two semesters: winter (from September to December) and spring (from February to May), after each semester students pass exams. The educational process usually includes theoretical and practical classes, lectures, seminars, laboratory work and internships. At the end of their studies, students pass the final exam (státní zkouška) for a bachelor's degree (bakalář). Some universities also require thesis defense (offerbakalářské práce). The thesis does not always imply writing a scientific work - depending on the field of study, this may be a creative or technical project, the purpose of which is to confirm that the student is able to work independently.
Master’s - Graduate in the Czech RepublicIn the Czech Republic, there are two types of master’s programs: structured and unstructured. Most universities prefer the first option, offering classical academic studies that last for 1-3 years.
An unstructured master's program, in fact, is a combination of bachelor’s and master’s program and lasts for 4 to 6 years. It is associated with professional training in medicine, law, veterinary medicine and art. The rules for admission are no different from undergraduate studies (in art schools, entrance tests are held in the form of a talent competition). After completing an unstructured master's program, students can find work or continue their studies at doctoral level.
Czech business masters are united by CAMBAS (Czech Association of MBA Schools). Admission to the MBA program is possible after graduation. In addition, some universities accept only candidates with experience in the chosen field (usually two or three years). Most programs are taught in English, but there are options in Czech, French, and German.
Doctoral studies - Postgraduate in the Czech RepublicDoctoral studies in the Czech Republic last for 3-4 years. To select students, some universities conduct only a portfolio review, some, however, conduct interviews and entrance examinations. The training is mainly focused on research with an academic supervisor. However, students at some universities are also required to assume teaching duties within the specified number of hours. The details of the curriculum may vary as each individual supervisor develops a plan for the student entrusted to him. In addition, the student’s progress is periodically evaluated by the university’s academic council.
Most of the educational process, in addition to theoretical and practical classes, is the writing of a scientific dissertation on the research work done. At the end of the training, students pass a double oral test. At the first stage, they answer questions testing their knowledge in the field of study, and then a public defense of the thesis takes place.
An academic career in the Czech Republic consists of four consecutive stages:
- Assistant (asistent). This is the first post that a graduate of a doctoral program can take. Before applying for a job, it is necessary to provide a resume, which indicates the education received, published scientific papers and previous teaching experience (if any). A frequent requirement is also the knowledge of at least one foreign language (besides Czech).
- Assistant Professor (odborný asistent). The next important step is to obtain the right to lecture. Responsibilities at this stage are also divided into teaching and research activities. For the most part, the assistant professor conducts seminars or lectures, publishes scientific papers and participates in the development of the university’s teaching materials. In addition, he can act as an academic advisor in writing a thesis or completing a semester project.
- Associate Professor (docent) implies both a position and a title. To get it you need to have a certain duration of service as a teacher and successfully pass habilitation (habilitace). Habilitation includes an assessment of the candidate’s education, previous academic positions, relevant work experience, scientific publications and internships. In addition, the future associate professor must provide the rector with a habilitation thesis.
- Professor (profesor). The requirements for obtaining a post and a professor’s title are: successfully completed habilitation and associate professor’s degree, work experience, recommendations from two other academicians in this field, published scientific papers. The decision is made by a commission of five people, three of whom should be invited experts from other universities.
Scholarships and grants in the Czech RepublicInternational students in the Czech Republic have the opportunity to receive grants from the government, universities or private funds. Each university has its own system of financial assistance, so the terms and conditions can be specified on the website of each individual university. Most complete list of scholarships can be found here.
Of the private scholarships, the most accessible option is the Visegrad Fund, funded by the governments of the Visegrád Group (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary). Students from Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Russia, Serbia, and Ukraine who study at the Czech Master’s or Doctoral Program are eligible for this scholarship. The fund pays the university 1,821 USD per semester per student. To participate in the competition, you must fill out an application and provide a letter of admission to a Czech university.
In addition, Czech universities participate in academic mobility programs CEEPUS and ERASMUS. CEEPUS is an organization of Central European countries created with the goal of developing cooperation between universities. You can take part in this program only after two semesters of study. Students from countries outside CEEPUS can be provided with a free mover scholarship. ERASMUS also gives students the opportunity to study at various universities in the world. The program covers the partial or full cost of the flight, training and accommodation.
Student visa to the Czech RepublicEU/EEA/Swiss nationals do not need any visa to study in the Czech Republic. All the rest require a long-term visa (for a period of more than 90 days). The visa fee is 24 USD.
List of documents for a student visa to the Czech Republic:
- Student visa application;
- 2 photos;
- Invitation from the university and confirmation of admission;
- A document confirming the purpose of your visit to the Czech Republic;
- Proof of housing in the Czech Republic;
- Confirmation of financial ability;
- Extract from the court register;
- Health insurance for a stay in the Czech Republic.
The opportunity to work while studyingCzech law allows all students to work without any restrictions. Moreover, full-time students who are subject to visa regulations and studying at a university accredited by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports do not require a work permit. The only condition is attending classes at the university and good academic performance. The minimum wage in the Czech Republic is 2.6 USD/hour. Usually, students working part-time get about 5 USD/hour. To find work, you can contact the employment centers or employment departments at the university.
Immigration opportunitiesAfter graduating from a Czech university, non-EU foreign students can obtain a long-term residence permit for the purpose of seeking employment. The permit is valid for nine months, after which it cannot be extended. In case of successful employment, it is replaced with an employee card, which is equivalent to a long-term residence permit. The employee card is renewed every two years.
Citizenship is issued to a person who has lived in the Czech Republic for at least five consecutive years.
Prospects and job opportunities in the Czech RepublicThe Czech Republic has the lowest unemployment rate among European countries - only 2%. Czech university graduates have free access to the labor market and do not need additional work permits (besides permission to stay in the country).
It is worth noting that in terms of average wages (12.7 USD/hour), the Czech Republic takes the 20th place out of 28 countries of the European Union. The Czech Republic also ranks 4th in terms of working week duration (40.3 hours) among European countries.
In connection with joining the Bologna process, Czech university degrees comply with the European standards. Also here the NARIC centers are located (National Academic Recognition and Information Centers), which you can contact if you need to verify your diploma.
Czech Republic - General information
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|Parents||Poseidon and Medusa|
|This subject is also available on|
The Pegasus was a mythological horse from Greek mythology. It was supposedly a dazzling, white horse with two, great, feathery wings sprouting from its back. It was said to be the son of Poseidon and Medusa.
After the hero Perseus slew the gorgon, Medusa, the blood that flowed from her neck spread over the ground and from it formed grassy fields and gushing rivers; beautiful trees and singing birds also came, and finally, Pegasus. The Greeks say that Pegasus flew from the isle afterwards towards the mountain Helicon, where he was watched over by the Muses. (Analternation of the story is similar as it states Pegasus was formed when the blood of Medusa met the sea foam, thus meaning that Medusa was the mother and Poseidon the father).
Pegasus is also said to have a human brother, Chrysaor, who married the Ocean nymph Callihroe and was the father of Geryon, the three headed monster that was slain by Heracles as part of his tenth labour. Geryon had a dog Orthrus, which was said to be the brother of Cerberus.
Some years passed before Athena found Pegasus and presented him to the Greek hero, Bellerophon. She also gave Bellerophon a golden bridle, or harness, to tame Pegasus. While Pegasus was grazing on the banks of a stream, Bellerophon threw the golden bridle over Pegasus's head to tame him. Once he was tamed, Bellerophon and the winged equine became thick friends and galloped over the seven seas and the mountains. It is said that Pegasus could gallop faster than the wind. So while riding on Pegasus, Bellerophon conquered the Chimera, a large three-headed monster.
However, success made Bellerophon an arrogant person. He wanted to fly up to Mount Olympus, the abode of the gods that lived there. Zeus, the king of gods, punished the insolent man by causing him to fall off the steed. However, the gods of Mount Olympus welcomed Pegasus and He became the favorite horse of Zeus and carried the weapons of Zeus. As a reward for his service, Zeus created a constellation for the winged equine in the night sky of the earth.
In Popular Culture
- The black Pegasus makes a cameo on the one-shot digital comic Clash of the Titans: Prequel Comic.
- Perseus appears along with his white Pegasus in the comic book series Wrath of the Titans, published by Bluewater Comics.
- The Pegasus appears again on the 3 parter, comic book Wrath of the Titans: Revenge of Medusa.
- Marvel's Avenger Valkyrie has a personal Pegasus which is used as a method of transportation.
- Perseus rides a white Pegasus in the 1981 epic fantasy film Clash of the Titans.
- Perseus manage to ride the black Pegasus in the 2010 remake of the 1981 film, Clash of the Titans.
- Pegasus appears in the 1997 Disney film Hercules voiced by Frank Welker and other Disney productions.
- The black Pegasus appears again on the Clash of the Titans (2010) sequel, Wrath of the Titans.
- In the Barbie Series Barbie and The Magic of Pegasus ,Pegasus seen as the main Character which help Barbie on the mission
- Perseus appears along with the black Pegasus in Clash of the Titans: The Videogame.
- Perseus rides the black Pegasus on the online micro-game Titans Attack, on the official site for the 2012 film Wrath of the Titans.
- Argos frees the Pegasus from Selene's temple and rides him in Hero of Sparta II.
- The hero Orpheus uses a harp to summon the Pegasus in the side-scrolling video game The Battle of Olympus.
- Pegasus appears in Scribblenauts games.
- On the hit sci-fi tv series Stargate: Atlantis, the humans send an expedition to the Pegasus Galaxy, all the personnel who travels to that galaxy have on their uniforms, an insignia resembling a Pegasus.
- On the hit kids series Beyblade Metal Fusion\Metal Masters the main charater Gingka Hagane owns a spinning top named after Pegasus called Storm Pegasus and as of Metal Masters Galaxy Pegasus
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Improving early literacy is essential to increasing high school graduation rates allowing students to be successful in postsecondary education and ensuring the prosperity of all Americans, according to a report released by the National Governors Association (NGA).
A Governor’s Guide to Early Literacy: Getting all Students Reading by Third Grade examines the gap between research and policy and describes the five policy actions that governors can take to ensure all children read at grade level by the end of third grade.
States can increase the number of children who are proficient in reading by third grade by including three major and widely embraced results of educational research in their efforts:
- Differences in literacy and language development in early childhood can lead to achievement gaps as early as kindergarten;
- Reading proficiency requires a focus on interrelated skills and knowledge taught over time; and
- Parents, primary caregivers and teachers have the most influence on children’s language and literacy development.
To learn more, please visit http://www.nga.org/cms/center/edu.
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Data Compression and Archiving¶
Although modern computer systems have an ever increasing storage capacity, the growth of data being produced is unrelenting. Lossless compression algorithms make up for some of the shortfall in capacity by trading time spent compressing or decompressing data for the space needed to store it. Python includes interfaces to the most popular compression libraries so it can read and write files interchangeably.
gzip expose the GNU zip library, and
provides access to the more recent bzip2 format. Both formats work on
streams of data, without regard to input format, and provide
interfaces for reading and writing compressed files transparently.
Use these modules for compressing a single file or data source.
The standard library also includes modules to manage archive
formats, for combining several files into a single file that can be
managed as a unit.
tarfile reads and writes the Unix tape
archive format, an old standard still widely used today because of its
zipfile works with archives based on the format
popularized by the PC program PKZIP, originally used under MS-DOS and
Windows, but now also used on other platforms because of the
simplicity of its API and portability of the format.
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Question: In this task, you are given a tuple, comprising Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonX will be seen as what is mentioned in the Tail or not. In this task, PersonX will be seen as the Tail if the Tail describes PersonX's persona or attribute as perceived by others given an event. In the gift-giving example, X may be seen as generous or giving. In contrast, in an event such as PersonX steals a car, PersonX may be perceived as evil. Classify your answers into "Yes" and "No". The phrase may also contain "___", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.
Example Input: Head: PersonX becomes PersonY wife<sep>Tail: to go on a honeymoon
Example Output: No
Example Input: Head: PersonX achieves PersonX's ___ by means<sep>Tail: objectives
Example Output: No
Example Input: Head: PersonX decides to stay<sep>Tail: scared
Example Output:
Answer: Yes
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r/TheSilphRoad:
How many level 38 players find these rewards worth reviewing? I’m a relatively new player. Started my account in March and reached L40 in July. There’s not one of the regular fighting type pokemon I need candy for nor better IVs.
If Niantic wants us to spend more time working for them, how about they give us proper rewards? Like pokecoins, stardust or rare candy. The upgrades are nice, but they shouldn’t be necessary in the first place. I understand good rewards can lead to more users not reviewing properly, but then they could rather focus on penalties for review abuse.
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suprematismo - arte e natura
Scritto il novembre 27, 2017 novembre 27, 2017 da artenatura
Ci sono stati periodi, durante la storia, in cui si è molto sognato.
L'inizio del 1900 è stato uno di questi e ha coinciso con un'incredibile fioritura artistica.
Ricorrono cento anni dalla Rivoluzione Russa e qua e là si leggono articoli. Tra questi uno su il Manifesto dell'otto novembre, a cura di Arianna Di Genova, ha reso bene l'atmosfera creativa dell'epoca, i suoi sogni, appunto, e il suo veloce declino.
Rimangono le opere, gli scritti, la memoria di cui è importante fare tesoro perché i sogni tornano e le speranze non possono morire. Così si modifica la realtà, lentamente, con grandi sommovimenti e a piccoli passi, se non ci si dimentica che abbiamo il diritto e il dovere di migliorare lo stato delle cose.
Le parole che seguono sono una sintesi dell'articolo di cui appena detto.
Quando si coniugano Rivoluzione Russa e Avangiardie bisogna tenere presente che artisti e letterati precedettero e nutrirono, con la ricchezza delle loro intuizioni, il "mondo nuovo" proclamato dai tumulti bolscevichi. In un certo senso gli aprirono la strada. Chi con scritti venati di spiritualismo, chi progettando mobili e ambienti, chi risvegliando il folklore, chi cospargendo tutto col disincanto dei tempi: nessuno aspettò i moti di piazza.
Nell'universo artistico nel 1917 era già accaduto quasi tutto.
Ma la vera novità della rivoluzione fu che l'intelligencija del momento fu scelta per dirigere le più importanti istituzioni pedagogiche e per dare un'impronta estetica alla rappresentazione della società che andava germogliando.
E la sperimentazione andò davvero al potere.
Lenin durante il suo mandato – fino al 1929 – cercò di favorire il desiderio di libertà degli artisti, distribuendo cariche a Majakovskij, Tatlin, Rodchenko.
La cultura russa era in fermento, una fucina di progetti. Nella scuola statale d'arte di Mosca si lavorava insieme, gli atelier erano gratuiti, gli studenti eleggevano i docenti, le decisioni si prendevano discutendone in assemblea.
In quegli anni prima del 1921 vennero costruiti ben trentasei musei e la Russia fu il primo paese al mondo ad esporre le sue collezioni di arte astratta.
Presto però quell'organizzazione "dal basso" finì nel caos e a prendere le redini di una nuova scuola più "regolata" fu Kandinskij che, a modo suo, fiancheggiò gli ideali rivoluzionari. Quale fu il problema? Fu che ben presto suprematisti, costruttivisti e seguaci di Kandinskij cominciarono a litigare, furiosamente.
Wassilij Kandinskij – considerato troppo "spirituale" – finì col prendere la strada dell'esilio in Germania, dove Gropius gli offrì un posto da insegnante alla scuola del Bauhaus, e le lotte intestine furono vinte dai costruttivisti guidati da Tatlin.
Servirsi dei mezzi moderni di produzione e liberare gli esseri umani dalla schiavitù del lavoro era la parola d'ordine; l'architettura il pilastro fondante per l'avvento di una società migliore. Però soldi non ce n'erano e la maggior parte dei progetti rimasero sulla carta.
Malevic all'inizio aveva incarnato la rivoluzione insegnando a Vitebsk (scalzando Chagall) e con i suoi allievi realizzava spettacoli, feste popolari, mostre, programmi radiofonici, decoravano i tram e preparavano striscioni per gli scioperi. Gli operai li chiamavano per dipingere pareti nelle fabbriche e negli uffici con l'arte astratta del suprematismo. Durò poco, il collettivo fu accusato di essere una setta e all'artista fu revocato l'incarico.
Già nel 1922 il governo incominciava a spianare la strada per quello che sarà poi il Realismo Socialista. Scopo: rappresentare le gesta dell'armata rossa e la vita quotidiana del popolo. Le fantasticherie astratte potevano restarsene in soffitta.
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Entanglement detection for electrons via witness operators
We discuss an implementation of the entanglement witness, a method to detect entanglement with few local measurements, in systems where entangled electrons are generated both in the spin and orbital degrees of freedom. We address the efficiency of this method in various setups, including two different particle-hole entanglement structures, and we demonstrate that it can also be used to infer information on the possible dephasing afflicting the devices.
I. INTRODUCTION
Quantum entanglement is a key resource in the theory of quantum information, including quantum cryptography 1 , quantum communication 2 and quantum computation 3,4 . In the last few years significant efforts have been undertaken in order to engineer devices capable of generating maximally entangled states. In particular, in view of their integrability and scalability, considerable attention has been devoted to the generation of entanglement for electrons in solid state systems (for a review see Refs. 5,6). Proposals aim at producing pairs of entangled electrons either in the spin or in the orbital degrees of freedom. Some of them are based on the generation of Bell states by means of electron-electron interaction 7,8,9,10,11,12 . Only recently it has been shown that in a mesoscopic multiterminal conductor entanglement can be also produced in the absence of electronelectron interaction 13,14,15,16,17,18,19 and through timedependent potentials 20,21,22 .
Unfortunately, electronic entangled states are fragile. Indeed, it is well known that the unwanted interaction with the environment might lead to loss of quantum coherence and eventually to the destruction of the entanglement between the electronic quantum states. In view of experimental implementations, it is therefore of crucial importance the search for simple procedures able to assess the entanglement actually generated in a given device (the entangler) under non vanishing environmental couplings.
Several strategies have been proposed in order to detect electronic entanglement in mesoscopic conductors. One of these schemes makes use of an additional beam splitter, to be attached to the entangler generating pairs of spatially separated entangled electrons, which reveals the presence of entanglement through a measurement of the correlations of the current fluctuations in the exit leads 23 . The possibility of evaluating a lower bound for the entanglement of formation was later demonstrated in Ref. 24 and, recently, a generalization in terms of a Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometer was presented 25 . The influence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling 26,27 , rotating mag-netic fields 28 and dephasing contacts 29 were also investigated. In addition, it has been shown that signatures of entanglement in this prototype setup can be detected through the full counting statistics 30 . A second scheme makes use of Bell inequality tests, which have been formulated both in terms of current correlations at different terminals 10,11,13,15,16,20,22,31 and by resorting to the full counting statistics 14,32 . More recently, the following other schemes have been considered. For a superconductor-dot entangler, spin current correlations have been shown to give a characterization of the entangler operation 33 . A one-to-one relation between the entanglement production rate of electron-hole pairs and the spin-resolved shot noise has been derived in Ref. 34 in the case where the elastic scattering is spin-independent. A proposal for detecting energy entanglement in a normal-superconducting junction, making use of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, has been also presented 35 . Furthermore, a quantum state tomography scheme has been put forward 36 .
In this paper we shall show that it is possible to implement the idea of entanglement witness operators 37 to detect entanglement for electrons in multiterminal mesoscopic conductors afflicted by "noise". The concept of entanglement witness has been introduced only recently in quantum information theory 38 and experimentally applied to optical systems 39 . It has been shown that, given a class of states (containing both separable and entangled states), it is possible to construct an Hermitian operator, called witness, having the remarkable property that its expectation value is positive for all the separable states contained in that class. If this is true only for separable states, the witness is said to be optimal 40 . As a consequence, all entangled states are singled out by negative expectation values of the optimal witness operator. Although the entanglement witness detection is not a measure of entanglement, it represents an efficient method to detect entangled states.
In order to implement optimal witness detection for electrons in mesoscopic structures one needs: (i) to identify the class of states that is generated by the given setup, (ii) to construct the optimal witness operator, (iii) to be able to measure its expectation value. Given a physical setup and a proper phenomenological model for the "noise" afflicting the device, the class of states can be easily identified. Also the construction of the optimal entanglement witness does not present much difficulties once the separability criterion 41,42 can be used. Unfortunately, the measurement of the witness operator is not always an easy task. Furthermore, the witness operator can be measured only when it does not depend on the unknown parameters describing the presence of "noise". In that case we shall demonstrate, for different setups, that the mean value of the witness operator can be determined through the measurement of current cross-correlations.
The effectiveness of the entanglement witness stems from the fact that the set of cross-correlated measurements required to determine its expectation value is fixed, irrespective of the degree of "noise" present, and the number of such measurements is small. Typically, from 3 to 5 analyzer's settings are necessary, corresponding to a number of current cross-correlations of the order of 10. In this respect it might be preferable to a Bell inequality test, which, in the presence of "noise", demands an unknown and possibly large number of analyzer's settings to be tested in order to search for violations. Furthermore, the Bell inequality test is only a sufficient criterion for the detection of entanglement 43 , while the witness, if optimal, is both sufficient and necessary. Witness entanglement detection might also be preferable to quantum state tomography, especially when one is not interested in acquiring information over the whole density matrix of the system, but simply wishes to know if some entanglement has survived at the exit of the setup.
The paper is organized as follows. In Sec. II we introduce the concept of witness operator and discuss how the latter can be easily constructed by using the separability criterion 41,42 . In Sec. III we describe the details of witness entanglement detection by applying it to a prototype setup where electron spin singlet and triplet states are initially generated and subsequently corrupted by decoherence due to spin dephasing and spin relaxation in the wires. We then discuss under which conditions the measurement of the witness operator can be achieved and we show that the expectation value of the witness operator can be expressed in terms of current crosscorrelators. We also explain why entanglement witness detection might be more efficient than usual Bell inequality tests. In Sec. IV we then proceed to construct the witness operators for two realistic setups generating particlehole entanglement. Specifically, in Sec. IV A we consider the quantum Hall bar system proposed in Ref. 13 while in Sec. IV B we discuss the electronic Hanbury-Brown and Twiss interferometer proposed in Ref. 15. Sec. V is finally devoted to the conclusions and future perspectives.
II. THE WITNESS
Let ρ be the state of a bipartite system acting on the Hilbert space H = H A ⊗ H B and let us denote with A and B the two subsystems. The state ρ is called entangled 44 (or non separable) if it cannot be written as a convex combination of product states, i.e. as: where p k ≥ 0 and |a k , b k ≡ |a k A ⊗ |b k B are product vectors. Conversely, the state ρ is called separable (or not entangled) if it can be written in the form given in Eq. (1). It is well known that, limited to the case of H = C 2 ⊗C 2 or H = C 2 ⊗ C 3 , it is possible to determine whether ρ is entangled or not by calculating the partial transpose (i.e. the transpose with respect to one of the subsystems). In fact, according to the separability criterion 41,42 , the state ρ is separable if and only if its partial transpose is positive. Alternatively, one can distinguish between an entangled state ρ and all the separable states by introducing the concept of entanglement witness 42 . Given an entangled state ρ, an entanglement witness is indeed an Hermitian operators W having the remarkably propriety that Tr(W ρ) < 0 and Tr(W ρ sep ) ≥ 0 for all separable states ρ sep . The negative expectation value of W is hence a signature of entanglement and the entangled state ρ is said to be detected by the witness.
Given a class of states ρ Λ (containing both separable and entangled states) we define as optimal 40 the witness operator W opt that is able to detect all the entangled states present in the class ρ Λ . As a result, whenever a class of states ρ Λ and the optimal entanglement witness for that class are given, it is possible to determine whether a state ρ ∈ ρ Λ is entangled by simply checking if W opt = Tr(W opt ρ) is negative.
As one can expect, finding an optimal witness for a given class of states is, in general, not a trivial task. However, the optimal witness construction can be greatly simplified by resorting to the separability criterion 45 . In that case, one finds that the optimal witness operator reads: where |φ is the normalized eigenvector corresponding to the negative eigenvalue of the partial transpose of the density matrix, i.e. ρ TB Λ (T B represents the partial transposition with respect to the subsystem B).
In view of an experimental measurement the mean expectation value of the optimal witness W opt , it is necessary to decompose the optimal witness into operators which can be measured locally. In this paper, for example, we shall use the following decomposition: where σ 0 is the unity 2 × 2-matrix 1 1 and σ n , with n = x, y, z, are the Pauli matrices. Notice that, according to this procedure, the average value of the optimal witness operator can be calculated only if the coefficients κ nm are known. Moreover, it is highly desirable that the decomposition given in Eq.
(3) contains a minimal number of terms. Since we shall only consider optimal witness operators, in the following the word optimal will be understood.
III. PROTOTYPE SETUP
For definiteness let us consider first the prototype system presented in Fig. (1) composed of an entangler connected, through two conductors (green wires in the figure), to two outgoing terminals, A and B, where electric current can be measured spin-selectively along specified quantization axis ( a and b for upper and lower electrodes, respectively). The entangler is a device which produces maximally entangled (Bell) states: where s = 1 (0) for spin singlet (triplet) and a † Aα (E) (a † Bα (E)) is a creation operator for an electron with spin α in the upper (lower) conductor at energy E. The product is taken over energies ranging from the chemical potential of the outgoing terminals (set to zero) and the energy eV , while the state |0 represents the filled Fermi sea. We denote by t A (t B ) the transmission amplitude of the upper (lower) conductor, assuming it as energyindependent in the range 0 < E < eV . Furthermore, we shall include the presence of "noise" in the conductors through two different models. In the first one (Sec. III A) we only assume dephasing of the spin degree of freedom, while in the second (Sec. III B) we also introduce spinrelaxation.
A. Random phases accumulated in the wires
We first consider a rather simplistic model where the "noise" in the transmission wires is simply an acquired random phase. Specifically, we introduce spin-dependent random phases (φ Aα and φ Bα ), so that the overall effect of the conductors on the electronic operators can be described by the transformation: where i = A, B and α =↑, ↓. The density matrix of the outgoing state, i.e. of the electrons arriving at the exit terminals, is given by with is the density of states, which we assume to be independent of energy in the range considered. The subscript E indicates that the matrix refers to the subspace relative to energy E. Note that, as it should be, entanglement is not affected if up and down electrons in the same conductor accumulate an equal random phase, since in that case x A = x B = 0. We assume a Gaussian distribution for the random phases, i.e. P (φ iα ) = 1 √ 2πω e − φ 2 iα 2ω 2 , with ω being the width of the distribution, termed dephasing parameter below. The phase-averaged density matrix ρ is given by replacing, in Eq. (7), e ±i(xA−xB) with e −2ω 2 .
In this setup the two subsystems are identified with conductors A and B, so that the partial transpose with respect to B is given by (ρ T B ) ij;kl = (ρ) il;kj , where i and k are spin indexes for A, while l and j are spin indexes for B. In order to construct the witness we perform the partial transpose with respect to the subsystem B on the phase-averaged density matrix and find that the only negative eigenvalue is The fact that λ is always negative proves that the outgoing state is entangled for every value of the dephasing parameter ω smaller than infinity, irrespective of the value of the transmission amplitudes t A and t B . The witness is then given by W = 0<E<eV W E , where so that, by construction, the mean value of the witness operator W = Tr(W ρ) equals λ 46 .
It is important to stress that, in order for the witness to be of use, W has to be independent of unknown parameters like. The decomposition, containing the minimal number of terms, for the witness operator in Eq. (9) is given by 45 As it is evident from Eq. (10), operatively the determination of the mean value of W requires the measurement of the spin correlators a · σ ⊗ b · σ for a few sets of a and b. In the following, we shall see that under certain conditions the average value of such correlators can be given in terms of current cross-correlators.
To this aim, let us consider the correlator is the number of particles detected over a measuring time t m in A (B) with spin α (β) along the direction a ( b). Intuitively, such a correlator is proportional to a coincidence counting, at least, in the situation where no more than one particle per port arrives at the measuring apparatus within the measuring time t m 48 . Therefore, one expects the following relation to hold 9,11,13,31,49 : with correlators defined as 50 is the current operator, defined in Appendix A 1, for electrons arriving at terminal A with spin α along the direction a, and analogously for I b Bβ (t ′ ). We now make use of the fact that the correlator in Eq. (12) can be expressed in terms of the zero-frequency currentcorrelator defined as with δI a jα (t) = I a jα (t) − I a jα . The actual expression depends on whether the measuring time t m is larger or smaller than the correlation time τ c = h/eV , which represents the time spread of the electron wave packet. Namely, for t m ≫ τ c one gets 5 and, for t m ≪ τ c , one gets At zero temperature and for short measuring times (t m ≪ τ c ), the spin correlator for our setup turns out to be 51 By using Eq. (10), we find that the mean value of the witness is which equals the values found for λ. On the contrary, in the limit of large measuring times (t m ≫ τ c ) we obtain: which is always vanishing, even in the tunneling regime. This is due to the fact that, in our setup, current crosscorrelations of Eq. (13) are inherently a result of two particle scattering processes. More precisely, current correlations are proportional to |t A | 2 |t B | 2 likewise the product I a Aα I b Bβ . In contrast, in Refs. 11,13, for example, the cross-correlations result from partition noise and, in the tunneling regime, are much larger than the product of the currents (times t m ) provided that the measuring time is smaller than the average time spacing between tunneling events. It results that for large measuring times one finds W ≃ 1 4 , which would be the result obtained averaging over a fully mixed state. We conclude that the witness operator can be measured only for measuring times t m much smaller than the correlation time τ c . Nevertheless, entanglement can be detected even beyond the latter condition. Indeed, for arbitrary measuring times t m the spin correlator can be written as: where α is, in general, a function of both τ c and t m . The following simple relation can then be derived: It turns out that, for 2ατ c ≥ 1, W < 0 implies λ < 0 so that entanglement can be witnessed as long as W is negative. Furthermore, since the spin correlator in Eq. (19) depends explicitly on t m , its measurement requires time-resolved detection, i. e. energy filtering. This is not the case in the limit t m ≪ τ c . It is interesting to compare the capability of detection of entanglement provided by the witness with the one relative to a Bell inequality test. In the following we choose the well known Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality 9,11,13,31,49 : (21) where E( a, b) = a· σ ⊗ b· σ is the spin correlator given in Eq. (16) and a, a ′ , b, b ′ denote arbitrary directions along which the spin is measured. In the absence of dephasing, for the case of the Bell state given in Eq.(4), the CHSH inequality is maximally violated by choosing the following set of directions: Indeed one finds that E = E max ≡ 2 √ 2 and, as a result, the entanglement of the Bell state is detected. Notice that, in order to experimentally test the inequality, for every set of directions one needs to measure 4 spin correlators and, for each of them, 4 current cross-correlators.
Let us now assume the presence of dephasing in the wires. It is easy to verify that, for t m ≪ τ c , E = √ 2(1 + e −2ω 2 ). As a result, for value of the dephasing parameter ω > 1 2 | ln( √ 2 − 1)| the Bell inequality is not violated even thought, according to the previous witness detection analysis, the state exiting the leads is still entangled.
It has to be noticed, however, that if the dephasing parameter ω is known, it is possible to find the proper set of directions leading to violation of the CHSH inequality. In practice, since the value of ω is unknown, in order to find a violation of the inequality, one needs to try several measurements of current cross-correlators over different sets of directions. On the contrary, by measuring the witness given in Eq. (10) one needs to perform only 12 measurements of current cross-correlators, 4 for each spin correlator, with fixed configurations irrespective of the degree of dephasing in the conductors.
As a final remark, we notice that the measurement of the mean value of the witness gives information on the degree of the dephasing affecting the wires.
B. Spin relaxation and dephasing
We shall here analyze the same system considered in the previous section, now assuming that during the propagation in the wires the electron spins are subject to relaxation in addition to dephasing. The former might be caused by the presence of magnetic impurities, nuclear spins, or the spin-orbit coupling in the wires 52 . We shall adopt a phenomenological model of decoherence along the lines of Ref. 23, by resorting to the Bloch theory 53 and by expressing the density matrix at each exit leads as: with i = A, B. Here t L = L/v F is the ballistic transmission time (L is the length of the wires and v F is the Fermi velocity) and we have introduced the superoperator: where T 1 is the relaxation time and T 2 is the dephasing time. By assuming that the decoherence and relaxation processes act on each wire independently, we can readily write the density matrix of the outgoing state as follows: where ρ(0) is the density matrix of the initial entangled state given in Eq. (4). It is a matter of simple calcula-tions to show that where d ± = 1 ± e −2tL/T1 . The witness operator can now be determined by applying the method described in Sec. III A. We find that it is equal to the one reported in Eq. (9) and its mean value reads: In Fig. 2 we report a three-dimensional plot of W as a function of t L /T 1 and t L /T 2 . To highlight the region of the surface which corresponds to entanglement, we have plotted a gray plane in correspondence to W = 0. Entanglement is present when the orange surface is below the gray plane. For large relaxation times (t L /T 1 → 0) we find that W is always negative: in agreement with the results of Sec. III A, we find that for arbitrary degrees of dephasing there is always entanglement in the outgoing states. However, for finite relaxation time, there always exists a threshold for the dephasing above which entanglement is lost during the transmission in the wires. Indeed it is easy to verify that for t L /T 2 > 1 2 | ln 1 2 1 − e −2tL/T1 | the mean value of the witness becomes positive. Note furthermore that relaxation processes have a much less disrupting effect with respect to dephasing processes, due to the prefactor 2 in Eq. (26).
Let us again compare the performance of the witness to the Bell inequality test. We find that, choosing the set of directions given in Eq. (22), the CHSH parameter reads In Fig. 3 we plot the CHSH parameter as a function of t L /T 1 and t L /T 2 . We draw a gray plane in correspondence to E = 2 in order to highlight the region in the parameter space (above the plane) for which entanglement is detected. By comparison with Fig. 2, it is evident that there is a large region in the parameter space for which Bell inequality fails to detect entanglement. Notice that also in this case E can be maximized by exploring different sets of angles.
A. Edge states in a quantum Hall bar with a quantum point contact
It is interesting to apply the method of the witness to some realistic systems. Let us now consider the particlehole entanglement of edge channels in the quantum Hall bar system proposed in Ref. 13. The structure, depicted in the inset of Fig. 4, consists of a quantum Hall bar divided in two halves by a quantum point contact (QPC). A large magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plane, so that two edge states are allowed. Electrons are injected from a contact, represented by a red rectangle, biased at a voltage V . They propagate to the right through the two edge channels (labeled by 1 and 2), and are transmitted to the right-hand-side with amplitudes matrix t and reflected in the left-hand-side with amplitude matrix r. In the tunneling limit, the outgoing state can be written as 13 where is an entangled state expressed in terms of particle oper- ) for the right-hand-side and hole op- for the left-hand-side. In Eqs. (28) and (29), Ω = Trγγ † , γ = σ y rσ y t T and |0 represents a new vacuum state consisting of particle-filled edge states in the left-hand-side. Two additional gate electrodes, which provide a local mixing of the channels, are placed on the left and on the right with scattering matrix U L and U R , respectively. Current cross-correlators, which determine the spin correlator through Eq. (11), are measured between the exit ports L and R. Let us consider the following parametrization of γ 54 : cos ξ e i(φL2+φR2) sin ξ −e i(φL1+φR1) sin ξ e i(φL1+φR2) cos ξ (30) which implies identical transmission eigenvalues T for the two channels. The possible presence of dephasing processes is accounted for by introducing Gaussiandistributed random phases φ L(R)i with equal width ω. ξ is the channel-mixing parameter of the QPC. We find one negative eigenvalue for the partially transposed phase-averaged density matrix, where η = e −ω 2 , showing that entanglement exists only within some ranges of the parameters ξ and η. It is interesting to note that λ is related to the concurrence C calculated in Ref. 54, namely λ = −C/2 for positive values of C.
The witness operator, constructed with the separability criterion as in Sec. III, in this case depends on such parameters and cannot be used to detect entanglement in the general case. If, however, the mixing parameter ξ is known or controllable, then a witness independent of parameters can be constructed for maximum (ξ = π/4) or no mixing (ξ = 0, π/2). In this latter case W E takes the form of Eq. (10), while in the former we find Even for this system the possibility of measuring the witness depends on the relative position of the time scales involved: measuring time t m , correlation time τ c = h/eV and tunneling time τ tun = h/(2eV T ). Namely, both in the maximum and minimum mixing conditions, for t m ≫ τ c we find that the mean value W is measurable and equals the value of λ given in Eq. (31) only in the tunneling regime (t m ≪ τ tun ). Nonetheless, for t m ≪ τ c the witness can be measured irrespective of the value of T . Specifically, in the case of no mixing, we find that W = −η 2 /2, showing that, irrespective of the degrees of the dephasing, the state is always entangled. Interestingly, this result equals the witness mean value obtained in Sec. III A. On the contrary, in the case of maximum mixing we find that W = 1/4(1 − 2η − η 2 ). We plot this result in Fig. 4 as a function of η. Notice that the state is entangled only for values of η > 3 − 2 √ 2 ≃ 0.4. This result can be compared with the prediction given by a Bell inequality test that assures that entanglement is present only for η > 1/ √ 2 ≃ 0.7 (see the discussion in Ref. 54). Unfortunately, no parameter-free witness could be found for arbitrary mixing ξ. Witness mean value as a function of the dephasing parameter η for particle-hole entanglement. Inset: the system consists of a Hall bar divided in two halves by a QPC. A large magnetic filed is applied perpendicular to the two dimensional electron gas, so that it allows two edge states labeled by 1 and 2. Electrons are injected from the contact biased at a voltage V , red rectangle, and are transmitted to the righthand-side or reflected to the left-hand-side. Two additional gate electrodes, represented by blocks UL and UR, are placed on both sides of the bar and provide a controlled mixing of the two channels. Electric current is then measures at the exit ports L and R.
B. Hanbury-Brown and Twiss interferometer
We shall now demonstrate that it is possible to use the witness method to detect the orbital entanglement generated in the electronic equivalent of the optical Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HBT) experiment, proposed in Ref. 15. The electronic HBT interferometer, sketched in Fig. 5, consists of a rectangular Hall bar, whose inner and outer edges are indicated with black lines, and four QPCs, labeled with A, B, C and D. Six contacts are present, indexed with a number from 1 to 6. Electrons are injected from sources 1 and 2, where a voltage V is applied against all other contacts which are grounded. Each QPC acts as a beam splitter and can be parametrized by the following scattering matrix: states (red lines) in the directions indicated by the arrows and accumulate phases φ 1 to φ 4 (see Fig. 5). They can be modulated by varying the length of the paths through additional gates. Since there are no interfering orbits, no single-particle interference will take place and conductance measured at contacts 3 to 6 will be phase-insensitive. Because of the indistinguishability of the paths taken by the particles injected from sources 1 and 2, two-particle interference effects arise influencing the current cross-correlations measured at the grounded contacts.
Let us briefly recall here the entangled state generated in this system by closely following Ref. 15. To this aim, it is useful to denote the transmission and reflection probabilities at the QPC C with T C = 1 − R C = T and at the QPC D with T D = 1 − R D = R = 1 − T . The state generated by the two independent sources 1 and 2 can be written as: |Ψ = 0<E<eV a † 1 (E)a † 2 (E)|0 where |0 is the ground state, describing a filled Fermi sea in all reservoirs at energies E < 0 and we have omitted the spin index. The operator a † j (E) creates an injected electron from reservoir j at energy E. In the case of strong asymmetry, i.e. R ≪ 1, it is possible to express the state |Ψ to leading order in √ R as where is the creation operator for electrons coming from contact 1 (2) and exiting from the QPCs C and D. The second index in the operator indicates towards which QPC the electrons are propagating. The state can be thought as a new vacuum state representing a completely filled stream of electrons. The state |Ψ describes an orbitally entangled pair of electron-hole excitations 13 . In order to simplify the witness construction it is useful to re-write the electron-hole entangled state of Eq. (35) in terms of the vacuum state |0 : (37) Let us now assume that the HBT is subject to dephasing. Specifically, we consider that the electrons propagating along the wires besides the phases φ k accumulate a random phase x k , with k = 1, ..., 4. Moreover, this can include a randomly fluctuating external magnetic flux Φ. Formally, we introduce the dephasing as follows: It is quite straightforward then to calculate the density matrix ρ of the outgoing entangled state |Ψ : with where we have introduced the total phase φ 0 = φ 1 + φ 2 − φ 3 − φ 4 + 2πΦ/Φ 0 and the dephasing parameters δ = x 1 + x 2 − x 3 − x 4 . By assuming Gaussian distributions for the random phases, we take into account the presence of dephasing by replacing e iδ with its average value e −iδ = e −ω 2 in the density matrix ρ.
We can then proceed to calculate the witness operator W = 0<E<eV W E finding that whose mean value correctly gives W = T r(ρW ) = −e −ω 2 . We conclude, on the one hand, that the entangled electron-hole pair is robust against arbitrary degrees of dephasing in the HBT and, on the other, that the measurement of the witness gives an estimate of the degree of dephasing afflicting the HBT.
The witness can be decomposed as follows: The witness can be evaluated by measuring the zero frequency current cross-correlations s a b αβ (0) of the current fluctuations δI α and δI β at contacts α ∈ 3, 4 and β ∈ 5, 6 (see App. A 2). In fact, although the state exiting the QPCs C and D is the one given in Eq. (34), it is easy to realize that the only part that contributes to crosscorrelation measurements at QPCs A and B is indeed the entangled electron-hole pair state |Ψ . The vacuum state |0 , indeed, carries a current from sources to the detectors but does not contribute to the cross-correlators.
At zero temperature and in the limit of long measuring times τ c ≪ t m ≪ τ tun , the spin correlators appearing in Eq. (42) can be expressed as The expressions for the different values of s a b αβ (0) are reported in Appendix A 2. Here we have used the fact that in the HBT interferometer the average total currents at the QPCs A and B are I 3 = I 4 = e 2 h T V and I 5 = I 6 = e 2 h RV 15 . Finally we find where the last equality is obtained by averaging the variable δ over the Gaussian distribution.
V. CONCLUSIONS
In this paper we discussed how the concept of entanglement witness can be used in order to detect entanglement for electrons in multiterminal mesoscopic conductors afflicted by "noise". By resorting to the separability criterion, we constructed an optimal witness operator for a prototype setup where maximally entangled spin singlet and triplet states are generated. It has been shown that such witness operator can be decomposed into a sum of local spin correlators and, in the limit of measuring time much smaller than the electron correlation time, its average value can be expressed as a function of current cross-correlators. This procedure allows the detection of entanglement, through the measurement of the witness operator, if the latter does not depend on the unknown parameters describing the corruption of the state. Being a necessary and sufficient criterion for entanglement detection, the method of the witness operator allowed us to prove that spin singlet and triplet electron states are robust against the action of pure dephasing in the system. However, entanglement can be destroyed when spin relaxation in the conductors is considered.
For the sake of illustration, we applied the optimal witness construction also to two realistic Hall bar systems: the quantum point contact tunneling barrier and the electronic equivalent of the optical Hanbury-Brown and Twiss interferometer, where electron-hole entangled pairs are generated. Dephasing was introduced through a phenomenological model of randomly distributed phases accumulated by the particles propagating through the edges channels. Apart from demonstrating the usefulness of the witness method in such setups, we showed that the witness detection can be used as a diagnostic tool in order to infer information about the "noise" affecting the system. Unfortunately, a measurable optimal witness operator could not be found, using the separability criterion, for the tunneling barrier system in the case of arbitrary channel mixing.
Compared to a Bell inequality test, the detection of entanglement by means of optimal witness operators presents two remarkable advantages. Firstly, being a sufficient and necessary criterion, entanglement is always detected in the considered class of states. Secondly, independently of the degree of dephasing, the evaluation of the mean value of the witness requires a fixed set of cross-correlated measurements, corresponding to a small number (from 10 to 20) of current cross-correlations. A drawback is that the method of the witness requires some knowledge of the state produced by a given system (in terms of an expected class of states) and that the procedure for constructing a measurable optimal witness operator is not given a priori.
For the future it would be interesting to find other schemes for constructing optimal witness operators which allow a detection of entanglement even in the cases where the separability criterion fails in producing a measurable witness. To conclude, we stress that the method of the witness operator presented here can be applied to any systems and we hope that it can be of practical use in experiments.
APPENDIX A: CURRENT OPERATOR AND CURRENT CROSS-CORRELATORS
Entangler prototype setup
The current operator for electrons flowing through terminal A with spin α along the spin quantization axis identified by the vector a is defined as 47 : where a † A aα (E) (b † A aα (E)) is the creation operator for incoming (outgoing) electrons with energy E. At zero temperature, the mean current I a Aα can be calculated as the expectation value of (A1) over the outgoing state, whose density matrix is given in Eq. (6). As a result, where N a jα = b † A aα (E)b A aα (E) is the number operator. The zero-frequency current cross-correlator, defined in Eq. (13), can be written in terms of the number operators as 36 : For the prototype setup of Sec. III we find that: At zero temperature, the correlators N a Aα N b Bβ can be calculated as expectation values over the outgoing state. Along the z axis, one finds that where z is the versor of the z axis. Along the x and y axes one finds that: with a = x, y.
HBT interferometer
The zero frequency current cross-correlations between contacts 3 and 4, and 5 and 6 of the HBT can be calculated using the parametrization of the QPC given in Eq. (33): denotes the element (i, j) of the matrix G A(B) of Eq. (33). Notice, in particular, that such current correlations depend on θ i and the phases ϕ i jk .
We define the zero frequency cross-correlators s a b αβ (0), where a, b = x, y, z, α = 3, 4 and β = 5, 6, by choosing different configurations for the QPCs A and B. Indeed,
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---
title: Często zadawane pytania o konfigurację
description: Uzyskaj odpowiedzi na często zadawane pytania dotyczące problemów z konfiguracją i zarządzaniem dla Azure App Service.
author: genlin
manager: dcscontentpm
tags: top-support-issue
ms.assetid: 2fa5ee6b-51a6-4237-805f-518e6c57d11b
ms.topic: article
ms.date: 10/30/2018
ms.author: genli
ms.custom: devx-track-azurepowershell
ms.openlocfilehash: d4b6ceef837d985db004e9d925b554c54c287424
ms.sourcegitcommit: 3c460886f53a84ae104d8a09d94acb3444a23cdc
ms.translationtype: MT
ms.contentlocale: pl-PL
ms.lasthandoff: 04/21/2021
ms.locfileid: "107834538"
---
# <a name="configuration-and-management-faqs-for-web-apps-in-azure"></a>Często zadawane pytania dotyczące konfiguracji i zarządzania Web Apps platformie Azure
Ten artykuł zawiera odpowiedzi na często zadawane pytania dotyczące problemów z konfiguracją i zarządzaniem Web Apps [funkcji Azure App Service.](https://azure.microsoft.com/services/app-service/web/)
[!INCLUDE [support-disclaimer](../../includes/support-disclaimer.md)]
## <a name="are-there-limitations-i-should-be-aware-of-if-i-want-to-move-app-service-resources"></a>Czy istnieją ograniczenia, o których należy wiedzieć, jeśli chcę przenieść App Service zasobów?
Jeśli planujesz przeniesienie App Service zasobów do nowej grupy zasobów lub subskrypcji, należy pamiętać o kilku ograniczeniach. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [App Service ograniczenia.](../azure-resource-manager/management/move-limitations/app-service-move-limitations.md)
## <a name="how-do-i-use-a-custom-domain-name-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę używać niestandardowej nazwy domeny dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Odpowiedzi na często zadawane pytania dotyczące używania niestandardowej nazwy domeny z aplikacją internetową platformy Azure można znaleźć w naszym 7-minutowym filmie [Dodawanie niestandardowej nazwy domeny.](https://channel9.msdn.com/blogs/Azure-App-Service-Self-Help/Add-a-Custom-Domain-Name) Film wideo zawiera wskazówki dotyczące dodawania niestandardowej nazwy domeny. Opisano w nim, jak używać własnego adresu URL zamiast adresu URL *.azurewebsites.net z aplikacją App Service internetową. Możesz również zobaczyć szczegółowy przewodnik mapowania [niestandardowej nazwy domeny](app-service-web-tutorial-custom-domain.md).
## <a name="how-do-i-purchase-a-new-custom-domain-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę zakup nowej domeny niestandardowej dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby dowiedzieć się, jak kupić i skonfigurować domenę niestandardową dla aplikacji internetowej usługi App Service, zobacz Kupowanie i konfigurowanie niestandardowej nazwy [domeny](manage-custom-dns-buy-domain.md)w App Service .
## <a name="how-do-i-upload-and-configure-an-existing-tlsssl-certificate-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę przekazać i skonfigurować istniejący certyfikat protokołu TLS/SSL dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby dowiedzieć się, jak przekazać i skonfigurować istniejący niestandardowy certyfikat TLS/SSL, zobacz Dodawanie certyfikatu [TLS/SSL do aplikacji App Service ssl.](configure-ssl-certificate.md)
## <a name="how-do-i-purchase-and-configure-a-new-tlsssl-certificate-in-azure-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę zakup i skonfigurowanie nowego certyfikatu TLS/SSL na platformie Azure dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby dowiedzieć się, jak kupić i skonfigurować certyfikat TLS/SSL dla aplikacji internetowej usługi App Service, zobacz Dodawanie certyfikatu [TLS/SSL](configure-ssl-certificate.md)do aplikacji App Service internetowej.
## <a name="how-do-i-move-application-insights-resources"></a>Jak mogę przenieść Application Insights zasobów?
Obecnie usługa Azure Application Insights nie obsługuje operacji przenoszenia. Jeśli oryginalna grupa zasobów zawiera Application Insights zasobów, nie można przenieść tego zasobu. Jeśli dołączysz zasób Application Insights podczas próby przeniesienia aplikacji App Service, cała operacja przenoszenia zakończy się niepowodzeniem. Jednak Application Insights i App Service nie muszą być w tej samej grupie zasobów co aplikacja, aby aplikacja działała poprawnie.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [App Service ograniczenia.](../azure-resource-manager/management/move-limitations/app-service-move-limitations.md)
## <a name="where-can-i-find-a-guidance-checklist-and-learn-more-about-resource-move-operations"></a>Gdzie można znaleźć listę kontrolną wskazówek i dowiedzieć się więcej o operacjach przenoszenia zasobów?
[App Service ograniczenia](../azure-resource-manager/management/move-limitations/app-service-move-limitations.md) pokazują, jak przenieść zasoby do nowej subskrypcji lub do nowej grupy zasobów w tej samej subskrypcji. Możesz uzyskać informacje na temat listy kontrolnej przenoszenia zasobów, dowiedzieć się, które usługi obsługują operację przenoszenia, oraz dowiedzieć się więcej na temat ograniczeń App Service innych tematów.
## <a name="how-do-i-set-the-server-time-zone-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę ustawić strefę czasową serwera dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby ustawić strefę czasową serwera dla aplikacji internetowej:
1. W Azure Portal w subskrypcji App Service przejdź do menu **Ustawienia** aplikacji.
2. W **obszarze Ustawienia aplikacji** dodaj to ustawienie:
* Klucz = WEBSITE_TIME_ZONE
* Wartość = *strefa czasowa, której potrzebujesz*
3. Wybierz pozycję **Zapisz**.
W przypadku usług App Services uruchomionych w systemie Windows zobacz dane wyjściowe polecenia systemu `tzutil /L` Windows. Użyj wartości z drugiego wiersza każdego wpisu. Na przykład: "Tonga Standard Time". Niektóre z tych wartości są również wymienione w kolumnie **Strefa czasowa** w [domyślnych strefach czasowych](/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/default-time-zones).
W przypadku usług App Services uruchomionych w systemie Linux ustaw wartość z bazy [danych IANA TZ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones). Na przykład: "America/Adak".
## <a name="why-do-my-continuous-webjobs-sometimes-fail"></a>Dlaczego moje ciągłe usługi WebJob czasami nie powiodą się?
Domyślnie aplikacje internetowe są zwalniane, jeśli są bezczynne przez określony czas. Dzięki temu system może oszczędzać zasoby. W planach Podstawowy i Standardowy można włączyć ustawienie **Zawsze wł.,** aby aplikacja internetowa była ładowana przez cały czas. Jeśli aplikacja internetowa uruchamia ciągłe usługi WebJob, należy włączyć zawsze włącz lub te usługi mogą nie działać niezawodnie. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [Create a continuously running WebJob (Tworzenie stale działającegoob WebJob).](webjobs-create.md#CreateContinuous)
## <a name="how-do-i-get-the-outbound-ip-address-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę uzyskać adres IP ruchu wychodzącego dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby uzyskać listę wychodzących adresów IP dla aplikacji internetowej:
1. W Azure Portal aplikacji internetowej przejdź do **menu** Właściwości.
2. Wyszukaj adresy **IP ruchu wychodzącego.**
Zostanie wyświetlona lista wychodzących adresów IP.
Aby dowiedzieć się, jak uzyskać adres IP ruchu wychodzącego, jeśli witryna internetowa jest hostowana w App Service Environment, zobacz [Wychodzące adresy sieciowe.](environment/app-service-app-service-environment-network-architecture-overview.md#outbound-network-addresses)
## <a name="how-do-i-get-a-reserved-or-dedicated-inbound-ip-address-for-my-web-app"></a>Jak mogę uzyskać zastrzeżony lub dedykowany adres IP ruchu przychodzącego dla mojej aplikacji internetowej?
Aby skonfigurować dedykowany lub zastrzeżony adres IP dla wywołań przychodzących do witryny internetowej aplikacji platformy Azure, zainstaluj i skonfiguruj certyfikat TLS/SSL oparty na adresie IP.
Należy pamiętać, że aby używać dedykowanego lub zastrzeżonego adresu IP dla wywołań przychodzących, plan App Service musi być w planie usługi w chmurze w chmurze podstawowej lub wyższej.
## <a name="can-i-export-my-app-service-certificate-to-use-outside-azure-such-as-for-a-website-hosted-elsewhere"></a>Czy mogę wyeksportować certyfikat App Service do użycia poza platformą Azure, na przykład w przypadku witryny internetowej hostowanej w innym miejscu?
Tak, można je wyeksportować do użycia poza platformą Azure. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz często zadawane pytania [dotyczące App Service certyfikatów i domen niestandardowych.](https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/azure/f3e6faeb-5ed4-435a-adaa-987d5db43b80/faq-on-app-service-certificates-and-custom-domains?forum=windowsazurewebsitespreview)
## <a name="can-i-export-my-app-service-certificate-to-use-with-other-azure-cloud-services"></a>Czy mogę wyeksportować certyfikat App Service do użycia z innymi usługami w chmurze platformy Azure?
Portal zapewnia najwyższej klasy środowisko do wdrażania certyfikatu App Service za pośrednictwem Azure Key Vault do App Service aplikacji. Otrzymujemy jednak żądania od klientów dotyczące używania tych certyfikatów poza platformą App Service, na przykład z usługą Azure Virtual Machines. Aby dowiedzieć się, jak utworzyć lokalną kopię PFX certyfikatu App Service w celu używania certyfikatu z innymi zasobami platformy Azure, zobacz Tworzenie lokalnej kopii PFX certyfikatu App Service [wirtualnej.](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/appserviceteam/2017/02/24/creating-a-local-pfx-copy-of-app-service-certificate/)
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz często zadawane pytania [dotyczące App Service certyfikatów i domen niestandardowych.](https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/azure/f3e6faeb-5ed4-435a-adaa-987d5db43b80/faq-on-app-service-certificates-and-custom-domains?forum=windowsazurewebsitespreview)
## <a name="why-do-i-see-the-message-partially-succeeded-when-i-try-to-back-up-my-web-app"></a>Dlaczego podczas próby kopii zapasowej aplikacji internetowej pojawia się komunikat "Częściowe powodzenie"?
Częstą przyczyną niepowodzenia tworzenia kopii zapasowej jest to, że niektóre pliki są w użyciu przez aplikację. Pliki, które są w użyciu, są blokowane podczas wykonywania kopii zapasowej. Zapobiega to tworzeniu kopii zapasowej tych plików i może mieć stan "Częściowe powodzenie". Można temu zapobiec, wykluczając pliki z procesu tworzenia kopii zapasowej. Możesz wybrać opcję kopii zapasowej tylko tego, co jest potrzebne. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz Backup just the important parts of your site with Azure web apps (Tworzenie kopii zapasowych tylko ważnych części [witryny za pomocą aplikacji internetowych platformy Azure).](https://zainrizvi.io/blog/creating-partial-backups-of-your-site-with-azure-web-apps/)
## <a name="how-do-i-remove-a-header-from-the-http-response"></a>Jak mogę usunąć nagłówek z odpowiedzi HTTP?
Aby usunąć nagłówki z odpowiedzi HTTP, zaktualizuj plik web.config lokacji. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [Remove standard server headers on your Azure websites (Usuwanie standardowych nagłówków serwera w witrynach internetowych platformy Azure).](https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/removing-standard-server-headers-on-windows-azure-web-sites/)
## <a name="is-app-service-compliant-with-pci-standard-30-and-31"></a>Czy App Service zgodne ze standardami PCI Standard 3.0 i 3.1?
Obecnie funkcja Web Apps usługi Azure App Service jest zgodnie z normą PCI Data Security Standard (DSS) w wersji 3.0 poziom 1. PCI DSS wersji 3.1 znajduje się w naszym harmonogramie działania. Trwa planowanie sposobu wdrożenia najnowszego standardu.
PCI DSS wersji 3.1 wymaga wyłączenia Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.0. Obecnie wyłączenie TLS 1.0 nie jest opcją dla większości App Service planów. Jeśli jednak korzystasz z App Service Environment lub chcesz migrować obciążenie do App Service Environment, możesz uzyskać większą kontrolę nad środowiskiem. Obejmuje to wyłączenie obsługi TLS 1.0 przez skontaktowanie się z pomoc techniczna platformy Azure. W najbliższej przyszłości planujemy udostępnić te ustawienia użytkownikom.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz Microsoft Azure App Service zgodność aplikacji internetowej ze standardami [PCI Standard 3.0 i 3.1.](https://support.microsoft.com/help/3124528)
## <a name="how-do-i-use-the-staging-environment-and-deployment-slots"></a>Jak mogę używać środowiska przejściowego i miejsc wdrożenia?
W planach usługi App Service standardowych i Premium podczas wdrażania aplikacji internetowej w programie App Service można wdrożyć w osobnym miejscu wdrożenia, a nie w domyślnym miejscu produkcyjnym. Miejsca wdrożenia to aplikacje internetowe na żywo, które mają własne nazwy hostów. Zawartość i elementy konfiguracji aplikacji internetowej można zamienić między dwoma miejscami wdrożenia, w tym z miejsca produkcyjnego.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji na temat korzystania z miejsc wdrożenia, [zobacz Konfigurowanie środowiska przejściowego w programie App Service](deploy-staging-slots.md).
## <a name="how-do-i-access-and-review-webjob-logs"></a>Jak mogę i przeglądać dzienniki usługi WebJob?
Aby przejrzeć dzienniki usługi WebJob:
1. Zaloguj się do witryny **internetowej Kudu** ( `https://*yourwebsitename*.scm.azurewebsites.net` ).
2. Wybierz usługę WebJob.
3. Wybierz przycisk **Przełącz dane wyjściowe.**
4. Aby pobrać plik wyjściowy, wybierz **link** Pobierz.
5. W przypadku poszczególnych przebiegów wybierz **pozycję Indywidualne wywołanie**.
6. Wybierz przycisk **Przełącz dane wyjściowe.**
7. Wybierz link pobierania.
## <a name="im-trying-to-use-hybrid-connections-with-sql-server-why-do-i-see-the-message-systemoverflowexception-arithmetic-operation-resulted-in-an-overflow"></a>Próbuję użyć połączeń hybrydowych z SQL Server. Dlaczego widzę komunikat "System.OverflowException: Operacja arytmetyczna zakończyła się przepełnieniem"?
Jeśli używasz połączeń hybrydowych do uzyskiwania SQL Server, aktualizacja Microsoft .NET 10 maja 2016 r. może spowodować niepowodzenie połączeń. Może zostać wyświetlony ten komunikat:
```
Exception: System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityException: The underlying provider failed on Open. —> System.OverflowException: Arithmetic operation resulted in an overflow. or (64 bit Web app) System.OverflowException: Array dimensions exceeded supported range, at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ConsumePreLoginHandshake
```
### <a name="resolution"></a>Rozwiązanie
Wyjątek został spowodowany przez problem z Menedżer połączeń hybrydowych, który został naprawiony. Pamiętaj, aby [zaktualizować Menedżer połączeń hybrydowych,](https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=841308) aby rozwiązać ten problem.
## <a name="how-do-i-add-a-url-rewrite-rule"></a>Jak mogę dodać regułę ponownego pisali adresy URL?
Aby dodać regułę ponownego tworzenia adresów URL, utwórz plik web.config z odpowiednimi wpisami konfiguracji w **folderze wwwroot.** Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [Azure App Services: Understanding URL rewrite (Azure App Services: Opis ponownego pisać adresy URL).](/archive/blogs/madhurabharadwaj/azure-app-services-understanding-url-re-write)
## <a name="how-do-i-control-inbound-traffic-to-app-service"></a>Jak mogę kontrolować ruch przychodzący do App Service?
Na poziomie lokacji dostępne są dwie opcje kontrolowania ruchu przychodzącego do App Service:
* Włącz dynamiczne ograniczenia adresów IP. Aby dowiedzieć się, jak włączyć dynamiczne ograniczenia adresów IP, zobacz [Ograniczenia adresów IP i domen dla witryn internetowych platformy Azure.](https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/ip-and-domain-restrictions-for-windows-azure-web-sites/)
* Włącz zabezpieczenia modułu. Aby dowiedzieć się, jak włączyć zabezpieczenia modułu, zobacz [ModSecurity web application firewall on Azure websites (Zapora aplikacji internetowej ModSecurity w witrynach internetowych platformy Azure).](https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/modsecurity-for-azure-websites/)
Jeśli używasz usługi App Service Environment, możesz użyć zapory [Barracuda.](https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/configuring-barracuda-web-application-firewall-for-azure-app-service-environment/)
## <a name="how-do-i-block-ports-in-an-app-service-web-app"></a>Jak mogę blokować porty w App Service internetowej?
W środowisku App Service dzierżawy nie można zablokować określonych portów ze względu na charakter infrastruktury. Porty TCP 4020, 4022 i 4024 mogą być również otwarte Visual Studio debugowania zdalnego.
W App Service Environment masz pełną kontrolę nad ruchem przychodzącym i wychodzącym. Sieciowe grupy zabezpieczeń mogą być używane do ograniczania lub blokowania określonych portów. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji na App Service Environment, zobacz [Introducing App Service Environment (Wprowadzenie do App Service Environment](https://azure.microsoft.com/blog/introducing-app-service-environment/)).
## <a name="how-do-i-capture-an-f12-trace"></a>Jak mogę przechwytywać ślad F12?
Dostępne są dwie opcje przechwytywania śledzenia F12:
* Śledzenie F12 HTTP
* Dane wyjściowe konsoli F12
### <a name="f12-http-trace"></a>Śledzenie F12 HTTP
1. W Internet Explorer przejdź do swojej witryny internetowej. Przed rozpoczęciem kolejnych kroków należy się zalogować. W przeciwnym razie ślad F12 przechwyci poufne dane logowania.
2. Naciśnij klawisz F12.
3. Sprawdź, czy **wybrano** kartę Sieć, a następnie wybierz zielony przycisk **Odtwarzania.**
4. Wykonaj kroki, które odtąd odtąd występuje problem.
5. Wybierz czerwony przycisk **Zatrzymaj.**
6. Wybierz przycisk Zapisz (ikona *dysku)* i zapisz plik HAR (w programach Internet Explorer i Microsoft Edge) lub kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy plik HAR, a następnie wybierz pozycję Zapisz jako **plik HAR** z zawartością (w przeglądarce Chrome).
### <a name="f12-console-output"></a>Dane wyjściowe konsoli F12
1. Wybierz **kartę Konsola.**
2. Dla każdej karty zawierającej więcej niż zero elementów wybierz kartę **(Błąd,** **Ostrzeżenie** lub **Informacje).** Jeśli karta nie jest zaznaczona, ikona karty jest szara lub czarna po odsunięcie kursora od niego.
3. Kliknij prawym przyciskiem myszy w obszarze komunikatu okienka, a następnie wybierz pozycję **Kopiuj wszystkie .**
4. Wklej skopiowany tekst do pliku, a następnie zapisz plik.
Aby wyświetlić plik HAR, możesz użyć przeglądarki [HAR](http://www.softwareishard.com/har/viewer/).
## <a name="why-do-i-get-an-error-when-i-try-to-connect-an-app-service-web-app-to-a-virtual-network-that-is-connected-to-expressroute"></a>Dlaczego otrzymuję błąd podczas próby połączenia aplikacji internetowej App Service z siecią wirtualną, która jest połączona z usługą ExpressRoute?
Próba połączenia aplikacji internetowej platformy Azure z siecią wirtualną, która jest połączona z Azure ExpressRoute, zakończy się niepowodzeniem. Zostanie wyświetlony następujący komunikat: "Brama nie jest bramą sieci VPN".
Obecnie nie można mieć połączeń sieci VPN typu punkt-lokacja z siecią wirtualną połączeniową z usługą ExpressRoute. Sieć VPN typu punkt-lokacja i usługa ExpressRoute nie mogą współistnieć dla tej samej sieci wirtualnej. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz ExpressRoute and site-to-site VPN connections limits and limitations (Limity i ograniczenia połączeń sieci VPN typu [lokacja-lokacja i usługi ExpressRoute).](../expressroute/expressroute-howto-coexist-classic.md#limits-and-limitations)
## <a name="how-do-i-connect-an-app-service-web-app-to-a-virtual-network-that-has-a-static-routing-policy-based-gateway"></a>Jak mogę połączyć App Service internetową z siecią wirtualną, która ma bramę routingu statycznego (opartą na zasadach)?
Obecnie łączenie aplikacji App Service z siecią wirtualną, która ma bramę routingu statycznego (opartą na zasadach), nie jest obsługiwana. Jeśli docelowa sieć wirtualna już istnieje, musi mieć włączoną sieć VPN typu punkt-lokacja z bramą routingu dynamicznego, aby można było połączyć ją z aplikacją. Jeśli brama jest ustawiona na routing statyczny, nie można włączyć sieci VPN typu punkt-lokacja.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [Integrate an app with an Azure virtual network (Integrowanie aplikacji z siecią wirtualną platformy Azure).](web-sites-integrate-with-vnet.md)
## <a name="in-my-app-service-environment-why-can-i-create-only-one-app-service-plan-even-though-i-have-two-workers-available"></a>Dlaczego w mojej App Service Environment mogę utworzyć tylko jeden plan App Service, mimo że mam dostępnych dwóch pracowników?
Aby zapewnić odporność na uszkodzenia, App Service Environment każda pula procesów roboczych wymaga co najmniej jednego dodatkowego zasobu obliczeniowego. Nie można przypisać obciążenia do dodatkowego zasobu obliczeniowego.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, [zobacz Jak utworzyć App Service Environment](environment/app-service-web-how-to-create-an-app-service-environment.md).
## <a name="why-do-i-see-timeouts-when-i-try-to-create-an-app-service-environment"></a>Dlaczego podczas próby utworzenia App Service Environment aplikacji widzę limity czasu?
Czasami tworzenie App Service Environment kończy się niepowodzeniem. W takim przypadku w dziennikach aktywności zostanie wyświetlony następujący błąd:
```
ResourceID: /subscriptions/{SubscriptionID}/resourceGroups/Default-Networking/providers/Microsoft.Web/hostingEnvironments/{ASEname}
Error:{"error":{"code":"ResourceDeploymentFailure","message":"The resource provision operation did not complete within the allowed timeout period."}}
```
Aby rozwiązać ten problem, upewnij się, że żaden z następujących warunków nie jest prawdziwy:
* Podsieć jest za mała.
* Podsieć nie jest pusta.
* ExpressRoute zapobiega wymaganiach dotyczących łączności sieciowej App Service Environment.
* Zła sieciowa grupa zabezpieczeń uniemożliwia wymagania dotyczące łączności sieciowej App Service Environment.
* Wymuszone tunelowanie jest włączone.
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz [Częste problemy podczas wdrażania (tworzenia) nowego Azure App Service Environment](/archive/blogs/waws/most-frequent-issues-when-deploying-creating-a-new-azure-app-service-environment-ase).
## <a name="why-cant-i-delete-my-app-service-plan"></a>Dlaczego nie mogę usunąć planu App Service?
Nie można usunąć planu App Service, jeśli jakiekolwiek App Service są skojarzone z App Service planem. Przed usunięciem planu App Service usuń wszystkie skojarzone App Service z App Service planu.
## <a name="how-do-i-schedule-a-webjob"></a>Jak mogę zaplanować zadań WebJob?
Zaplanowane zadanie WebJob można utworzyć przy użyciu wyrażeń Cron:
1. Utwórz plik settings.job.
2. W tym pliku JSON dołącz właściwość schedule przy użyciu wyrażenia Cron:
```json
{ "schedule": "{second}
{minute} {hour} {day}
{month} {day of the week}" }
```
Aby uzyskać więcej informacji o zaplanowanych zadaniach WebJob, zobacz [Create a scheduled WebJob by using a Cron expression (Tworzenie zaplanowanego zadania WebJob przy użyciu wyrażenia Cron).](webjobs-create.md#CreateScheduledCRON)
## <a name="how-do-i-perform-penetration-testing-for-my-app-service-app"></a>Jak mogę test penetracyjnych dla mojej App Service testów penetracyjnych?
Aby przeprowadzić testowanie penetracyjnych, [prześlij żądanie](https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/engage/pentest).
## <a name="how-do-i-configure-a-custom-domain-name-for-an-app-service-web-app-that-uses-traffic-manager"></a>Jak mogę skonfigurować niestandardową nazwę domeny dla aplikacji App Service internetowej, która używa Traffic Manager?
Aby dowiedzieć się, jak używać niestandardowej nazwy domeny z aplikacją usługi App Service, która używa usługi Azure Traffic Manager do równoważenia obciążenia, zobacz Konfigurowanie niestandardowej nazwy domeny dla aplikacji internetowej platformy Azure za pomocą usługi [Traffic Manager](configure-domain-traffic-manager.md).
## <a name="my-app-service-certificate-is-flagged-for-fraud-how-do-i-resolve-this"></a>Mój certyfikat usługi App Service został oznaczony jako oszustwo. Jak rozwiązać ten problem?
[!INCLUDE [updated-for-az](../../includes/updated-for-az.md)]
Podczas weryfikacji domeny zakupu certyfikatu App Service może zostać wyświetlony następujący komunikat:
"Twój certyfikat został oflagowany w przypadku możliwego oszustwa. Żądanie jest obecnie w trakcie przeglądu. Jeśli certyfikat nie stanie się użyteczny w ciągu 24 godzin, skontaktuj się z pomoc techniczna platformy Azure".
Jak wskazuje komunikat, ukończenie tego procesu weryfikacji oszustwa może potrwać do 24 godzin. W tym czasie komunikat będzie nadal wyświetlany.
Jeśli twój App Service nadal wyświetla ten komunikat po 24 godzinach, uruchom następujący skrypt programu PowerShell. Skrypt kontaktuje się [bezpośrednio z dostawcą certyfikatów](https://www.godaddy.com/) w celu rozwiązania problemu.
```powershell
Connect-AzAccount
Set-AzContext -SubscriptionId <subId>
$actionProperties = @{
"Name"= "<Customer Email Address>"
};
Invoke-AzResourceAction -ResourceGroupName "<App Service Certificate Resource Group Name>" -ResourceType Microsoft.CertificateRegistration/certificateOrders -ResourceName "<App Service Certificate Resource Name>" -Action resendRequestEmails -Parameters $actionProperties -ApiVersion 2015-08-01 -Force
```
## <a name="how-do-authentication-and-authorization-work-in-app-service"></a>Jak działa uwierzytelnianie i autoryzacja w App Service?
Aby uzyskać szczegółową dokumentację dotyczącą uwierzytelniania i autoryzacji w App Service, zobacz dokumentację dotyczącą logowania różnych dostawców identyfikacji:
* [Azure Active Directory](configure-authentication-provider-aad.md)
* [Facebook](configure-authentication-provider-facebook.md)
* [Google](configure-authentication-provider-google.md)
* [Konto Microsoft](configure-authentication-provider-microsoft.md)
* [Twitter](configure-authentication-provider-twitter.md)
## <a name="how-do-i-redirect-the-default-azurewebsitesnet-domain-to-my-azure-web-apps-custom-domain"></a>Jak mogę przekierować domyślną domenę *.azurewebsites.net do domeny niestandardowej mojej aplikacji internetowej platformy Azure?
Podczas tworzenia nowej witryny internetowej przy użyciu usługi Web Apps platformie Azure do witryny jest przypisywana domyślna nazwa azurewebsites.net .azurewebsites.net witryny. Jeśli dodasz niestandardową nazwę hosta do witryny i nie chcesz, aby użytkownicy mogli uzyskać dostęp do domyślnej domeny *.azurewebsites.net, możesz przekierować domyślny adres URL. Aby dowiedzieć się, jak przekierować cały ruch z domeny domyślnej witryny internetowej do domeny niestandardowej, zobacz Przekierowywanie domeny domyślnej do domeny niestandardowej w [aplikacjach internetowych platformy Azure.](https://zainrizvi.io/blog/block-default-azure-websites-domain/)
## <a name="how-do-i-determine-which-version-of-net-version-is-installed-in-app-service"></a>Jak mogę, która wersja programu .NET jest zainstalowana w programie App Service?
Najszybszym sposobem na znalezienie wersji programu Microsoft .NET zainstalowanej w programie App Service jest użycie konsoli Kudu. Dostęp do konsoli Kudu można uzyskać z portalu lub przy użyciu adresu URL App Service aplikacji. Aby uzyskać szczegółowe instrukcje, [zobacz Określanie zainstalowanej wersji programu .NET w programie App Service](/archive/blogs/waws/how-to-determine-the-installed-net-version-in-azure-app-services).
## <a name="why-isnt-autoscale-working-as-expected"></a>Dlaczego skalowanie automatyczne nie działa zgodnie z oczekiwaniami?
Jeśli skalowanie automatyczne na platformie Azure nie skaluje wystąpienia aplikacji internetowej w oczekiwany sposób ani nie skaluje go w oczekiwany sposób, możesz działać w scenariuszu, w którym celowo nie zdecydowaliśmy się na skalowanie, aby uniknąć nieskończonej pętli z powodu "chybnego" działania. Zwykle dzieje się tak, gdy nie ma odpowiedniego marginesu między progami skalowania w zewnątrz i skalowania w zewnątrz. Aby dowiedzieć się, jak uniknąć "nieschemki" i zapoznać się z innymi najlepszymi rozwiązaniami w zakresie skalowania automatycznego, zobacz Najlepsze rozwiązania dotyczące [skalowania automatycznego.](../azure-monitor/autoscale/autoscale-best-practices.md#autoscale-best-practices)
## <a name="why-does-autoscale-sometimes-scale-only-partially"></a>Dlaczego autoskalowanie czasami jest skalowane tylko częściowo?
Autoskalowanie jest wyzwalane, gdy metryki przekraczają wstępnie skonfigurowane granice. Czasami można zauważyć, że pojemność jest tylko częściowo wypełniona w porównaniu z oczekiwanymi. Może się to zdarzyć, gdy liczba wystąpień, które mają być niedostępne. W tym scenariuszu autoskalowanie częściowo wypełnia dostępną liczbę wystąpień. Następnie autoskalowanie uruchamia logikę ponownego równoważenia w celu uzyskania większej pojemności. Przydziela pozostałe wystąpienia. Pamiętaj, że może to potrwać kilka minut.
Jeśli nie widzisz oczekiwanej liczby wystąpień po kilku minutach, może to być spowodowane tym, że częściowe wystąpienie było wystarczające, aby wyprowadzić metryki w granice. Skalowanie automatyczne mogło też zostać przeskalowane w dół, ponieważ osiągnęło dolną granicę metryk.
Jeśli żaden z tych warunków nie ma zastosowania, a problem będzie się powtarzać, prześlij wniosek o pomoc techniczną.
## <a name="how-do-i-turn-on-http-compression-for-my-content"></a>Jak mogę włączyć kompresję HTTP dla mojej zawartości?
Aby włączyć kompresję zarówno dla typów zawartości statycznej, jak i dynamicznej, dodaj następujący kod do pliku web.config aplikacji:
```xml
<system.webServer>
<urlCompression doStaticCompression="true" doDynamicCompression="true" />
</system.webServer>
```
Można również określić określone dynamiczne i statyczne typy MIME, które mają być kompresowane. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, zobacz naszą odpowiedź na pytanie na forum w ustawieniach [httpCompression w prostej witrynie internetowej platformy Azure.](https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/azure/890b6d25-f7dd-4272-8970-da7798bcf25d/httpcompression-settings-on-a-simple-azure-website?forum=windowsazurewebsitespreview)
## <a name="how-do-i-migrate-from-an-on-premises-environment-to-app-service"></a>Jak mogę przeprowadzić migrację ze środowiska lokalnego do App Service?
Aby migrować witryny z serwerów internetowych z systemami Windows i Linux App Service, można użyć Azure App Service Migration Assistant. Narzędzie do migracji tworzy aplikacje internetowe i bazy danych na platformie Azure zgodnie z potrzebami, a następnie publikuje zawartość. Aby uzyskać więcej informacji, [zobacz Azure App Service Migration Assistant](https://appmigration.microsoft.com/).
## <a name="why-is-my-certificate-issued-for-11-months-and-not-for-a-full-year"></a>Dlaczego mój certyfikat został wystawiony na 11 miesięcy, a nie na cały rok?
W przypadku wszystkich certyfikatów wystawionych po 01/09/2020 maksymalny czas trwania wynosi teraz 397 dni. Certyfikaty wystawione przed 01/09/2020 mają maksymalną ważność równą 825 dni do czasu odnowienia, ponownego wprowadzenia klucza itp. Ta zmiana wpłynie na każdy certyfikat odnowiony po 01/09/2020, a użytkownicy mogą zauważyć krótszy okres ważności odnowionych certyfikatów.
Firma GoDaddy zaimplementowała usługę subskrypcji, która spełnia nowe wymagania przy zachowaniu istniejących certyfikatów klientów. Trzydzieści dni przed wygaśnięciem nowo wystawionego certyfikatu usługa automatycznie wystawia drugi certyfikat, który wydłuża czas trwania do pierwotnej daty wygaśnięcia. Usługa App Service współpracuje z usługą GoDaddy w celu upewnienia się, że nasi klienci uzyskają pełny czas trwania swoich certyfikatów.
|
By Megan Jackson
Often, when a person hears the word apathy, an image comes to mind. A glassy-eyed teenager scrolling vacantly through their phone while their parent looks on in despair. While comical, it does not reflect what apathy really is clinically: a complex symptom that has important clinical significance.
In 1956, a study was published describing a group of Americans released from Chinese prison camps following the Korean war1. As a reaction to the severe stress they had suffered during their time in prison, the men were observed to be ‘listless’, ‘indifferent’ and ‘lacking emotion’. The scientists decided to call this pattern of behaviours apathy. However, at this point, there was no formal way to measure apathy. It was acknowledged that it could manifest in varying degrees, but that was the extent of it. It was over 30 years before apathy was given a proper definition and recognised as a true clinical construct.
As time went on, scientists noticed that apathy doesn’t just arise from times of extreme stress, like time in a prison camp, but that it also appears in a variety of clinical disorders. A proper definition and a way of assessing apathy was needed. In 1990, Robert Marin defined apathy as ‘a loss of motivation not attributable to current emotional distress, cognitive impairment, or diminished level of consciousness’. As this is a bit of a mouthful, it was summarised as ‘A measurable reduction in goal-directed behaviour’. This definition makes it easy to imagine an individual who no longer cares about, likes, or wants anything and therefore does nothing. However, this is not always the case. There are different subtypes of apathy that each involve different brain regions and thought-processes, these are:
Cognitive – in which the individual does not have the cognitive ability to put a plan into action. This may be due to disruption to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
Emotional-affective – in which the individual can’t link their behaviour or the behaviour of others with emotions. This may be due to disruption to the orbital-medial prefrontal cortex.
Auto-activation – in which the individual can no longer self-initiate actions. This may be due to disruption to parts of the globus pallidus.
It’s much easier to picture how the different types of apathy affect behaviour. Take Bob for example. Bob has apathy, yet Bob likes cake. When somebody asks Bob whether he would like cake he responds with a yes. However, Bob makes no move to go and get it. Bob still likes cake, but he can no longer process how to obtain that cake. He has cognitive apathy. In another example, Bob may want cake but does not want to get up and get it. However if someone told him to, he probably would go and get it. This is auto-activation apathy and is the most severe and the most common kind. If Bob could no longer associate cake with the feeling of happiness or pleasure, then he has emotional-affective apathy.
So, whatever subtype of apathy Bob has, he doesn’t get his cake. A shame, but this seems a little trivial. Should we really care about apathy? Absolutely! Imagine not being able to get out of your chair and do the things you once loved. Imagine not being able to feel emotions the way you used to. Love, joy, interest, humour – all muted. Think of the impact it would have on your family and friends. It severely diminishes quality of life, and greatly increases caregiver burden. It is extremely common in people with neurodegenerative diseases like dementia2, psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia3, and in people who’ve had a stroke4. It can even occur in otherwise healthy individuals.
Elderly people are particularly at risk, though scientists haven’t yet figured out why. Could it be altered brain chemistry? Inevitable degeneration of important brain areas? One potential explanation is that apathy is caused by a disruption to the body clock. Every person has a body clock, a tiny area of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which controls the daily rhythms of our entire bodies like when we wake up, go to sleep, and a load of other really important physiological processes like hormone release. Disruption to the body clock can cause a whole host of health problems, from diabetes to psychiatric disorders like depression. Elderly people have disrupted daily rhythms compared to young, healthy people and it is possible that the prevalence of apathy in the elderly is explained by this disrupted body clock. Much more research is needed to find out if this is indeed the case and why!
Figuring out how or why apathy develops is a vital step in developing a treatment for it, and it’s important that we do. While apathy is often a symptom rather than a disease by itself, there’s now a greater emphasis on treating neurological disorders symptom by symptom rather than as a whole, because the underlying disease mechanisms are so complex. So, developing a treatment for apathy will benefit a whole host of people, from the elderly population, to people suffering from a wide range of neurological disorders.
- Stassman, H.D. (1956) A Prisoner of War Syndrome: Apathy as a Reaction to Severe Stress, Am.J.Psyc., 112(12):998-1003
- Chow, T.W., (2009) Apathy Symptom Profile and Behavioral Associations in Frontotemporal Dementia vs. Alzheimer’s Disease, Arch Neurol, 66(7); 88-83
- Chase, T.N., (2011) Apathy in neuropsychiatric disease: diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment Neurotox Res 266-78.
- Willem van Dalen, J., (2013) Poststroke apathy, Stroke, 44:851-860.
- Gillette M.U., (1999) Suprachiasmatic nucleus: the brain’s circadian clock, Recent Prog Horm Res. 54:33-58
|
<gh_stars>10-100
---
title: "Finite-State Transducers for Text Rewriting"
date: 2020-02-18T10:00:32+02:00
draft: false
useMath: true
summary: "An formal overview of regular expression-based text rewriters."
description: "Text rewriting is a programming task when parts of a given input string are replaced with other strings. Applications of this process include text highlighting, annotation, lexical analysis, normalization, etc. Because such tasks arise quite often in practice, many programming languages provide built-in text rewriting APIs. Those APIs, however, often go beyond the realm of regular languages, but rewriters based on regular expressions are still very powerful and can to solve most of the translation tasks that occur in practice. In this article, we'll describe the process of text rewriting from a set-theoretic perspective and define the relevant formalisms. We'll see how they can be applied to implement powerful text rewrites that replace the matching parts of the input string in a single scan."
tags: ["compsci", "nlp"]
editLink: "https://github.com/deniskyashif/blog/blob/master/content/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting.md"
images:
- "/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/featured-image.png"
---
Text rewriting is a programming task when parts of a given input string are replaced with other strings. Applications of this process include text highlighting, annotation, lexical analysis, normalization, etc. Because such tasks arise quite often in practice, many programming languages provide built-in text rewriting APIs. Those APIs, however, often go beyond the realm of regular languages, but rewriters based on regular expressions are still very powerful and can to solve most of the translation tasks that occur in practice.
In this article, we'll describe the process of text rewriting from a set-theoretic perspective and define the relevant formalisms. We'll see how they can be applied to implement powerful text rewrites that replace the matching parts of the input string in a single scan.
## Formal Preliminaries
Let's introduce some definitions before proceeding to the main part.
### Finite Automata
A **finite-state automaton** (FSA) is an abstract device that has states and transitions between those states. It's always in one of its states and while it reads an input, it switches from state to state. Think of it as a directed graph. A state machine has no memory, that is, it does not keep track of the previous states it has been in. It only knows its current state. If there's no transition on a given input, the machine terminates.
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fsa.png" alt="Finite State Automaton" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 1: Finite automaton for the expression <strong>ab*</strong></small>
</p>
Formally we denote FSA as a 5-tuple \\( A = \langle \Sigma, Q, I, F, \Delta \rangle \\) where
- \\( \Sigma \\) is a finite set of symbols (alphabet)
- \\( Q \\) is a set of states
- \\( I \subseteq Q \\) is a set of initial states
- \\( F \subseteq Q \\) is a set of final (accepting) states
- \\( \Delta \subseteq Q \times \Sigma \to 2^Q \\) is a transition relation
The transition relation means that from a given state on a symbol from the alphabet we transition into a set of states (non-determinism). FSAs are used for recognizing patterns in text. For example, the machine in Figure 1 recognizes strings that start with an 'a' and are followed by an arbitrary number of 'b's.
We denote the **empty string** as \\( \epsilon \\) and \\( \Sigma^* \\) as the set of all words over an alphabet \\( \Sigma \\). For example, for \\( \Sigma = \\{ a,b \\} \\)
\\[ \Sigma^* = \\{ \epsilon, a, b, ab, aa, bb, ba, aab, bab ... \\} \\]
**The language of an FSA** \\(A\\), denoted as \\(L(A)\\), is the set of all strings recognized by the automaton. The language of the automaton in Figure 1 is:
\\[ L(A) = \\{ a, ab, abb, abbb, abbbb ... \\} \\]
If a language can be recognized by a **finite automaton** then there's is a corresponding **regular expression** that denotes the same language and vice versa ([Kleene's Theorem](http://www.cs.may.ie/staff/jpower/Courses/Previous/parsing/node6.html)). The regular expression for the FSA in Figure 1 is `ab*`.
### String Relations
A **binary string relation** \\( R \subseteq \Sigma^* \times \Sigma^* \\) is a set of word tuples over some alphabet \\( \Sigma \\). For example
\\[ R := \\{ \langle a, xy \rangle, \langle ab, z \rangle, \langle ab, xy \rangle, \langle abbb, xy \rangle \\} \\]
is a binary string relation. If for each string of \\(R\\)'s domain we have exactly one output, then \\(R\\) is a **function**. We denote **concatenation of word tuples** with \\( \cdot \\) being the string concatenation operator:
\\[ \langle u_1, u_2 \rangle \cdot \langle \epsilon, \epsilon \rangle := \langle u_1, u_2 \rangle \\]
\\[ \langle u_1, u_2 \rangle \cdot \langle v_1, v_2 \rangle := \langle u_1 \cdot v_1, u_2 \cdot v_2 \rangle \\]
and the concatenation of binary string relations \\(R_1\\) and \\(R_2\\) as
\\[ R_1 \cdot R_2 := \\{ \bar{u} \cdot \bar{v} | \bar{u} \in R_1, \bar{v} \in R_2 \\} \\]
where \\( \bar{u} \\) and \\( \bar{v} \\) are word tuples. Let's see an example.
\\[
R_1 := \\{ \langle ab, d \rangle, \langle bc, d \rangle \\} \\\\
R_2 := \\{ \langle xy, zzz \rangle, \langle y, x \rangle \\} \\\\
R_1 \cdot R_2 := \\{ \langle abxy, dzzz \rangle, \langle bcxy, dzzz \rangle, \langle aby, dx \rangle, \langle bcy, dx \rangle \\}
\\]
### Finite-State Transducers (FST)
FSTs are automata with two tapes, namely input, and output tapes. The only difference with FSAs is that when FSTs transition to a state from a given input symbol, they also perform an output. FSAs recognize strings whereas FSTs recognize tuples of strings.
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fst.png" alt="Finite State Transducer" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 2: Finite-state transducer translating words in <strong>ab*</strong> to words in <strong>xy*</strong></small>
</p>
Formally an FST \\(T\\) is a 5-tuple \\( T = \langle \Sigma \times \Gamma, Q, I, F, \Delta \rangle \\) where the transition relation \\( \Delta \subseteq Q \times (\Sigma \times \Gamma) \times Q \\) and \\( \Sigma \\) and \\( \Gamma \\) are the input and output alphabets respectively.
The FST in Figure 2 replaces the input symbol 'a' with 'x' and 'b' with 'y'. The alphabet of the first (input) tape is \\( \Sigma = \\{ a, b \\} \\) and of the second (output) tape is \\( \Gamma = \\{ x, y \\} \\). If we discard, we'll end up with an FSA, equivalent to the one in Figure 1. The transducer performs the following mapping:
\\[
a \longmapsto_T x \\\\
ab \longmapsto_T xy \\\\
abb \longmapsto_T xyy \\\\
...
\\]
The domain of the transducer on Figure 2 is the set of word recognized by the underlying automaton on the first tape
\\[
dom(T) = \\{ a, ab, abb, abbb, ... \\}
\\]
A **binary regular string relation** is a set of word tuples \\( R \subseteq L_1 \times L_2 \\) where \\( L_1 \\) and \\( L_2 \\) are regular languages. For example, if we have the regular languages `ab*` and `xy|z` we can define the regular relation
\\[ R := \\{ \langle a, xy \rangle, \langle ab, z \rangle, \langle ab, xy \rangle, \langle abbb, xy \rangle \\} \\]
The binary regular string relations are exactly the relations accepted by finite-state transducers, that is, for each regular string relation, we can build a corresponding FST with its language being exactly this relation.
## Text Rewriting
Now we switch our attention towards text rewriting and namely how to express it from a set-theoretic perspective. This idea is introduced in the paper _"Regular Models for Phonological Rule Systems"_ by Kaplan & Kay which you can find in the [references](#references-and-further-reading) below.
### Simple Rewrite Rules
A text rewriter contains a finite set of rewrite rules in the form
\\[ E \to \beta \\]
where \\(E\\) is a regular expression and \\( \beta \\) is a word. During the scan, when the rewriter recognizes a string from the language of \\(E\\), it replaces it with \\( \beta \\).
We can represent a rewrite rule as a regular relation and thus we can build a corresponding finite-state transducer. Let's see an example.
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fst2.png" alt="Finite State Transducer" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 3.1: FST for the rewrite rule ab|bc -> d</small>
</p>
The transducer of Figure 3.1 represents the rewrite rule \\( ab|bc \to d \\) which is equivalent to the regular function \\( \\{ \langle ab, d \rangle, \langle bc, d \rangle \\} \\)
### Optional and Obligatory Rewrite Rules
The FST from Figure 3.1 serves of a little practical use because it translates exactly the words in the function's domain \\( \\{ ab, bc \\} \\). We want to build a transducer such that it would work on arbitrary texts and translate multiple occurrences of words in this domain. Consider the text
\\[ abacbcaab \\]
now let's underline the replacement candidates, according to the rewrite rule \\( ab|bc \to d \\)
\\[ \underline{ab}ac\underline{bc}a\underline{ab} \\]
We want to build a transducer that can process this text and apply the rewrite rule by producing the following output
\\[ dacdad \\]
We can partition the input text into segments:
\\[ u_0 \cdot v_1 \cdot u_1 \cdot v_2 \cdot u_2 \cdots v_n \cdot u_n \\]
such that the \\(v_i\\)'s belong to the domain of the transducer (in our case \\( dom(T) = \\{ ab, bc \\} \\)). The \\(u_i\\)'s are arbitrary strings from \\( \Sigma^* \setminus dom(T) \\) and for those strings, we want them to be appended to the output as they are. Before we formalize this procedure, let's introduce the identity function on a set of strings.
\\[ \Sigma = \\{ a,b,c,d \\} \\]
\\[ Id(\Sigma^*) = \\{ \langle \epsilon, \epsilon \rangle, \langle a,a \rangle, \langle b,b \rangle, \langle c,c \rangle, \langle d,d \rangle \\}^* \\]
Intuitively \\( Id(\Sigma^*) \\) is the set of all possible same string tuples over the alphabet \\(\Sigma\\). For example, the tuples \\( \langle ac, ac \rangle, \langle cccd, cccd \rangle, \langle dba, dba \rangle \\) are all in \\( Id(\Sigma^*) \\).
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fst3.png" alt="Finite State Transducer 3" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 3.2: FST for Id({a,b,c,d}*)</small>
</p>
Now we're ready to define the optional regular rewrite relation \\(R^{opt}(T)\\) induced by \\(T\\) for the rewrite rule \\(ab|bc \to d\\).
\\[ R^{opt}(T) := Id(\Sigma^*) \cdot (T \cdot Id(\Sigma^*))^* \\]
Since in the above expression \\(T\\) is surrounded by expressions \\( Id(\Sigma^*) \\), any substring of a text \\(t \in dom(T)\\) can be replaced by its \\(T\\)-translations using \\(R^{opt}(T)\\). The final asterisk in the definition of \\(R^{opt}(T)\\) ensures that any number of substrings from \\(dom(T)\\) can be translated. The second \\( Id(\Sigma^*) \\) expression shows that subtexts between consecutive elements of \\(dom(T)\\) (the \\(u_i\\)'s) are translated via identity. Text parts matching \\( Id(\Sigma^*) \\) expressions can contain entries from \\(dom(T)\\), as a consequence, the \\(T\\)-replacement is always optional.
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fst4.png" alt="Finite State Transducer 4" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 3.2: Transducer for the optional rewrite relation induced by T</small>
</p>
Let's process the following text through the optional rewrite transducer.
\\[ \underline{ab}ac\underline{bc}a \longmapsto_{R^{opt}(T)} \\{ abacbca, dacbca, abacda, dacda \\} \\]
The transducer will result in 4 successful paths for this text, hence we have 4 different translations. The optional rewrite relation is simple, yet not very practical because realistically we'd rarely want to skip rewrites.
Now, let's define the **obligatory rewrite relation** induced by the transducer \\(T\\) for the rewrite rule \\(ab|bc \to d\\).
\\[ R(T) := N(T) \cdot (T \cdot N(T))^* \\]
where \\(N(T)\\) is the identity function on all strings that **do not contain** any infix from \\(dom(T)\\), including \\(\\{ \langle \epsilon, \epsilon \rangle \\}\\)
\\[ N(T) = Id(\Sigma^* \setminus (\Sigma^* \cdot dom(T) \cdot \Sigma^* )) \cup \\{ \langle \epsilon, \epsilon \rangle \\} \\]
The obligatory rewrite relation \\(R(T)\\) is also regular, thus we can build the corresponding transducer.
<img class="img-center" src="/images/posts/2020-02-18-fsts-for-text-rewriting/fst5.png" alt="Finite State Transducer 4" />
<p class="text-center">
<small>Figure 3.3: Transducer for the obligatory rewrite relation R(T) </small>
</p>
This is the result of performing an obligatory rewrite of the text
\\[ \underline{ab}ac\underline{bc}a \longmapsto_{R(T)} \\{ dacda \\} \\]
with a state path
\\[ q_0 q_1 q_0 q_3 q_0 q_2 q_0 q_3 \\]
## Rewrite Grammars
In practice, we might want to have multiple rewrite rules. So far we've learned that each rewrite rule is a binary regular string relation and that these relations can be represented by finite-state transducers. Suppose we have the rewrite rules
\\[ G = \langle R_1, R_2, R_3 \rangle \\]
then for each rule, we can construct a corresponding FST
\\[ T_1, T_2, T_3 \\]
extend each transducer so it can process arbitrary text \\(t \in \Sigma^* \\) performs obligatory replacement of multiple occurrences of substrings of \\(t\\) which are in \\( dom(T_i) \\) ending up with
\\[ \langle T_{R(T_1)}, T_{R(T_2)}, T_{R(T_3)} \rangle \\]
We build the transducer for the rewrite rule set by composing the transducers for each rule.
\\[ T_{R(T_1)} \circ T_{R(T_2)} \circ T_{R(T_3)} \\]
Think of it as function composition in programming. The order here matters because the first transducer processes the input text, whereas the rest of the transducers work on the output of the one before them. As a rule of thumb, we should always order the rewrite rules from the most specific to the least specific one. Let' see an example.
\\[ R_1 = ab|bc \to d \\\\ R_2 = da \to x \\]
\\( R_1 \\) and \\( R_2 \\) are regular relations from which we construct FSTs for obligatory replacement. The regular relations are closed under composition which means that we can construct a single transducer by composing several transducers. Note that relational composition only makes sense if the alphabet of the second tape of the first transducer coincides with the alphabet of the first tape the second transducer. Now we see how to apply their composition for text rewriting.
\\[
(T_{R(T_1)} \circ T_{R(T_2)})(abacbca) \to \\\\
T_{R(T_2)}(T_{R(T_1)}(abacbca)) \to \\\\
T_{R(T_2)}(dacda) \to \\\\
xcx
\\]
Description of a direct composition algorithm is out of the scope of this article, but you can find some resources in the [references](#references-and-further-reading).
## Conclusion
In this article, we've overviewed the text rewriting problem from a set-theoretic perspective. We've seen how the rewrite rules can be represented as regular string relations which on the other hand have an equivalent formalism namely the finite-state transducers. We've covered the differences between automata and transducers and saw how the latter can be extended to work on a larger set of inputs via concatenating string relations. We've also learned that the transducers can be composed in a single transducer which applies a set of rewrite rules.
Some text can contain conflicting parts. Consider the "abc" and the rule \\( ab|bc \to d \\). The transducer in Figure 3.3 is not able to make a unanimous decision, thus, it will output both "dc" and "ad". In the following articles, we'll discuss some conflict resolution strategies and how to incorporate them within the means of regular sets and relations. We'll also narrow down the scope and work only with deterministic devices for obligatory text rewriting as they're more interesting from a practical standpoint.
You can find examples and resources on how to efficiently construct FSTs in the references below.
**Part 2:** [Resolving Ambiguity in Text Rewriting](/2020/02/22/resolving-ambiguity-in-text-rewriting/)
If you're interested in formal language theory & language processing, you can check out [these articles](http://localhost:1313/tags/nlp/) as well.
## References and Further Reading
* Implementation of a [Subsetequential Transducer for Dictionary-Based Text Rewriting](https://github.com/deniskyashif/ssfst)
* ["Direct Construction of Minimal Acyclic Subsequential Transducers" by Mihov & Maurel](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.24.3698&rep=rep1&type=pdf)
* Chapters 4 and 11 of ["Finite State Techniques - Automata, Transducers and Bimachines" by Mihov & Schulz](https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/finitestate-techniques/E21E748468F0310DA12A2CFAEB989185)
* ["N-Way Composition of Weighted Finite-State Transducers" by <NAME>](https://cs.nyu.edu/~mohri/pub/nway.pdf)
* ["Regular Models for Phonological Rule Systems" by <NAME>](https://web.stanford.edu/~mjkay/Kaplan%26Kay.pdf)
* The graphics are implemented using the [Finite State Machine Designer](http://madebyevan.com/fsm/)
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Bob Dylan/Auszeichnungen für Musikverkäufe
Dies ist eine Übersicht über die Auszeichnungen für Musikverkäufe des US-amerikanischen Musikers Bob Dylan. Die Auszeichnungen finden sich nach ihrer Art (Gold, Platin usw.), nach Staaten getrennt in chronologischer Reihenfolge, geordnet sowie nach den Tonträgern selbst, ebenfalls in chronologischer Reihenfolge, getrennt nach Medium (Alben, Singles usw.), wieder.
Auszeichnungen
Auszeichnungen nach Alben
Bob Dylan
The Freewheelin’ Bob Dylan
The Times They Are a-Changin’
Another Side of Bob Dylan
Bringing It All Back Home
Highway 61 Revisited
Blonde on Blonde
John Wesley Harding
Bob Dylan’s Greatest Hits
Nashville Skyline
Self Portrait
New Morning
More Bob Dylan’s Greatest Hits / Bob Dylan’s Greatest Hits, Vol. II
Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid
Dylan – A Fool Such as I
Planet Waves
Before the Flood
Blood on the Tracks
The Basement Tapes
Desire
Hard Rain
Street Legal
Masterpieces
Slow Train Coming
At Budokan
Saved
Shot of Love
Infidels
Empire Burlesque
Biograph
Oh Mercy
Dylan & The Dead
Under the Red Sky
The Bootleg Series Vol. 1–3: 1961–1991
The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration
Greatest Hits Volume 3
MTV Unplugged
Time Out of Mind
The Best of Bob Dylan
The Bootleg Series Vol. 4: Live 1966
Live at the Royal Albert Hall
The Best of Bob Dylan – Volume 2
The Essential Bob Dylan
“Love and Theft”
The Ultimate Collection
The Bootleg Series Vol. 5: Bob Dylan Live 1975 – The Rolling Thunder Revue
No Direction Home: The Soundtrack – The Bootleg Series Vol. 7
Modern Times
Dylan
The Bootleg Series Vol. 8: Tell Tale Signs – Rare and Unreleased 1989–2006
Together Through Life
Christmas in the Heart
Tempest
The Real
The Bootleg Series Vol. 10 – Another Self Portrait (1969–1971)
The Very Best of Bob Dylan
Rough and Rowdy Ways
Auszeichnungen nach Singles
Blowin’ in the Wind
The Times They Are a-Changin’
Like a Rolling Stone
Don’t Think Twice, It’s All Right
Mr. Tambourine Man
Lay Lady Lay
Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door
Hurricane (Part I)
Auszeichnungen nach Videoalben
MTV Unplugged
1966 World Tour – The Home Movies
No Direction Home
Don’t Look Back
The Other Side of the Mirror – Live at the Newport
The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration
Auszeichnungen nach Autorenbeteiligungen und Produktionen
Knockin’ on Heaven’s Door (Guns n’ Roses)
Make You Feel My Love (Adele)
Statistik und Quellen
Einzelnachweise
Dylan, Bob
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You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into Polish.
Example: لذا نعلم أنها ستكون ناجحة. ولكن علينا مراقبتها
Example solution: Poradzi sobie, ale trzeba na nią uważać.
Example explanation: The Arabic sentence is correctly translated into Polish, because the meaning is preserved.
Problem: وهذه خريطة لتدفق البايتات عبر القارات.
Solution: To mapa przesyłu danych na kontynencie.
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So what is a microcontroller? And then what is a multicore microcontroller? In this short read, meet the Propeller chip, a multicore microcontroller that makes inventing easier with teamwork.
If you are new to the Blockly programming environment with the Propeller development boards, including the Activity Board WX, start here. This tutorial will introduce you to BlocklyProp and prepare you using it with other tutorials and your own projects.
Download and set up SimpleIDE, the programming environment for Propeller C. Installers available now for Windows and Mac, and i386 binaries are available for Linux.
Get started with C-language programming for the multicore Propeller microcontroller. The simple example programs use variables, do math, count loops, make decisions, and store information.
Build simple circuits on the Propeller Activity Board, and write Propeller C programs to interact with them. Blink lights, beep a speaker, measure voltage, and more.
A function is a little piece of reusable code designed to do a specific task. This Propeller C Tutorial series will show you how to use functions, pass information to them, and get information back from them. It will show you how C functions work with the Propeller's memory and multiple cores.
This Propeller C Tutorial shows you how make use of the Propeller chip's multiple cores. Launch functions into other cores, monitor processes in other cores, share data between cores, and print from other cores.
Learn how to make your own custom Simple Libraries for your Propeller Activity Board. This Propeller C Tutorial walks you through creating a library, tricks for reducing code size, and making your library to work well with the ones already in your SimpleIDE Learn folder.
In Basic Analog and Digital, you'll learn the basics of Analog to Digital (A/D) and Digital to Analog (D/A) conversions with the BASIC Stamp, and how they relate to values we deal with everyday: voltage, light level, frequency, etc.
Get started with basic circuits and programming! What's a Microcontroller? is a fun and engaging introductory text for the BASIC Stamp microcontroller and Board of Education, or BASIC Stamp HomeWork Board.
Understanding Signals with the PropScope is an in-depth text that has been designed to develop skils and understanding of electronic measurement techniques with the Parallax PropScope Oscilloscope.
BlocklyProp + Multicore = Amazing! Learn how to build and use functions—re-usable chunks of code—with BlocklyProp. Then, try launching the functions into their own cores to run at the same time on the multicore Propeller microcontroller.
Bring the spirit of the holidays with you anywhere using this DIY caroling device and light display!
Turn your Parallax Hackable Electronic Badge into a Physics Measurement Tool using the on-board accelerometer, a PING))) Ultrasonic Distance Sensor, and a FlexiForce pressure sensor. The Physics Fun Badge measures distance, tilt, and force. It can display live readings or record them. Recorded readings can be visualized as a graph on the main screen and exported as comma-separated values using the SimpleIDE terminal.
Visit this Stamps in Class Mini Project and learn how to build a timer complete with sound, adjustable time settings, and pushbutton start-control.
Check out this Stamps in Class Mini Project to learn how to make a fun and addictive memory game that gets tougher the longer you play!
Incorporate your favorite sheet music into your PBASIC application and play it using a piezo speaker with this easy-to-follow Stamps in Class Mini Project.
Are people you know always breaking into your room or office while you aren't there? Check out this Stamps in Class Mini Project on how to build yourself a customized alarm to keep pesky intruders out.
This Stamps in Class PBASIC project teaches you to design and play tunes from a simple wireless musical keyboard. Press some keys on one BASIC Stamp HomeWork Board, and have the sound come out of another!
As seen on the Parallax 2013 Catalog cover! This beginner-level Propeller C project makes a tilt-controlled 4-note musical instrument, with LEDs that light up just for fun. There's a BASIC Stamp version as well.
As seen on the Parallax 2013 Catalog cover! This beginner-level PBASIC project makes a tilt-controlled 4-note musical instrument, with LEDs that light up just for fun. There's a Propeller C version as well.
Want to make your own Magic 8-Ball using your HomeWork Board or Board of Education? Try this Stamps in Class Mini-Project and wow your family and friends with its eerie fortune-telling abilities!
Create a project to control DC motors using a simple Joystick, Xbees, Polulu motor driver board, and two Activity Boards. This is a great beginner project for those interested in DC motors and wireless communication through Xbee modules.
This is part 1 of a 2 part demo series describing how to control doors using various motors and limit switches. Part 1 is a non-application demo that will take you through door control via a servo and optical limit switch.
Ready to learn to program with BlocklyProp? If so, you are in the right place.
This set of activities will help you get familiar with the basic BlocklyProp blocks, how to use them, and how they work together. You will build programs for common coding tasks: naming and using values, doing math problems, making decisions, and repeating sections of code.
Learn to build simple circuits on a Propeller Activity Board or breadboard with a Propeller FLiP module. Create BlocklyProp graphical programs for blinking LEDs, controlling LEDs with pushbuttons, playing notes on a piezo speaker, and more. You will be building real-world STEM skills!
This BlocklyProp project for the Propeller Activity Board or the FLiP Try-it Kit makes a tilt-controlled 4-note musical instrument, with LEDs that light up for each note. Make a few in your classroom for an electronic bell choir.
Create a database of records by storing RFID tag numbers with meaningful information (like names, dates, or locations) together in EEPROM. Using an OLED screen you can even display the records for each tag as you scan them.
The FLiP Try-it Kit comes with an exciting array of sensors and components that you can build into creative projects. Try this activity involving the 4x4 Matrix Keypad, 7-Segment LED, and piezospeaker and get visible and audible feedback to your Keypad key presses.
Practical applications for microcontrollers like the Propeller are all around you everyday. This tutorial will show you how easy it is to add a coin acceptor to your Propeller program (like you'd see in a vending machine) using BlocklyProp!
With just two servos, the ColorPal sensor, and a whole lot of hot glue, you can build your own Candy Sorter and program it in Blockly. Yum!!!
Ever wondered how your fitness tracker is able to measure your heart rate? Learn how build a finger-clip device to observe and measure your heart rate using LEDs and a light sensor.
Need help parking in just the right spot to clear the garage door without tapping the front bumper? Use the PING))) Ultrasonic Distance Sensor to measure the distance to your car, with indicator lights to tell you when to stop. This little project uses the parts in the BlocklyProp Starter Kit.
Display your Memsic 2125's X/Y tilt position on an interactive OLED display! With the Propeller FL!P (or Activity Board) and BlocklyProp, this project will be simple and fun to complete.
Add the 96 x 64 Color OLED Display Module to add pizzaz to your BlocklyProp projects. Learn how to handle text, numbers, lines, shapes, and more.
Play Pong without ever touching a paddle or controller! This project will introduce you to the concept of capacitive sensing by creating touchless game controllers from aluminum foil and tape.
BlocklyProp makes it easy and straightforward to introduce precision timing into your Propeller applications. Special thanks to guest author Jon McPhalen for this in-depth tutorial.
Whether you live in an earthquake-prone area or not, this project is a fun way to experiment with accelerometers. Thanks to Carol Hazlett for creating this BlocklyProp project with parts from the BlocklyProp Starter Kit.
WS2812 LEDs are extremely versatile and fun to use. This 2-part project will give you plenty of creative ideas on how to incorporate them into your BlocklyProp applications.
Making projects with a few WS2812 LEDs is fun, but making a project with a whole strip of them is even better! Learn how to create scrolling patterns and even incorporate distance sensing and robotics in this BlocklyProp project.
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Bolstered by legacy, Black distillers push for diversity in industry: 'You're actually not alone'
Udoumoh, 27, is one of two inaugural interns in the STEPUP program, organized by the American Craft Spirits Association, a national nonprofit trade group with over 2,000 members.
"I was looking for an experience where I could see myself and build my own community," Davis said, adding that Black consumers want to see brands emphasize diversity and recognize their true histories.
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Introduction to ‘The Kerberos Club’
I’m very pleased to present an excerpt from the introduction of The Kerberos Club, a massive Wild Talents sourcebook of superhuman roleplaying in Victorian London.
Written by Benjamin Baugh (six-time Ennie Award-nominated author of Monsters and Other Childish Things andThe Dreadful Secrets of Candlewick Manor) with illustrations by Todd Shearer (Delta Green: Eyes Only, Grim War, This Favored Land) and Lanny Liu, The Kerberos Club is a thorough treatment of Victorian society in its every particular, especially the incredible and sometimes awful changes that supernatural influences called “the Strangeness” come to wreak on Queen and Country alike. It gives the GM and players every tool they need to play in an era that is at the same time familiar and alien, made more of both by the Strangeness that grips it.
I hope you enjoy this taste of The Kerberos Club.
Shane Ivey
Arc Dream Publishing
By Benjamin Baugh, (c) 2009.
As Victoria’s Empire grows larger and more Strange, the well-bred beasts of Science and Industry mate freely with the ill-tempered curs of Occultism and Myth, begetting uncanny marvels that demonstrate the most pernicious mongrel vigor. As Her divinity becomes indisputable, and Her government is shown how to once again properly bow to a true Monarch, the Empire teeters on the brink of chaos. The prosperity brought by Industry and the Might of Her Armies are both transformed by the Strangeness which has touched the world.
In famine-ravaged Ireland the roads to Faerie open and the wonders and horrors of the Otherworld spill out, mingling with man and politics, with magic and Church. But good English will, good English steel and brave English soldiery push into the Lands of Tears and Honey, where the old bones of the Celtic gods are home to their weird kith and kin, arisen from their flesh as it dying became starlight. Through the colony of New Birmingham, Victoria Divinus asserts her Rights and Prerogatives to the Summerlands and the Winterlands, and names as her subjects all the races of the Fae, from the least phooka to the greatest Lord.
Armies are raised against Her, and the gods and powers of old march with their human comrades, but as with the Indian Rebellion, they are smote soundly by Her legions, and the sometimes unsettling weapons of Strange origins they bring to war. Lovelace’s mechanical servants become mechanical riflemen. Albert’s gift of wolf-belts from his native Coberg becomes Her Majesty’s 13th Lupine Rangers. The skies belong to her Aero Navy and its airships carry exploding bombs and fighting-craft perfected from Félix du Temple’s Albatross design.
The pace of change is unsettling, and many have marked that which would have been witchcraft in their father’s age, and would have been deemed impossible just years previous, is now commonplace. No sooner is one innovation or uncanny revelation or Wonder of the Age accepted and become familiar than another arises, more perturbing than the last.
In January of 1860 a man sprouted whirring hummingbird wings and flew from his home in Middlesex to his offices in London as if borne by angels, outpacing the express train on his way. Slowing only to fetch down a kitten from a roof, he arrived at his place of work hardly out of breath. He was lauded in the headlines for a week, then began selling a patent Lifting Tonic promising that the “Seventeen effusions and potent compounds of exotic and mysterious origins” would grant a “lightness of step and mind which if practiced diligently would grant wings of spirit.” But at 5s 5d a bottle it only served to lighten his customers by relieving them of the weight of their silver. By the first of March, he was already defending his reputation in the courts, and fighting prosecution under an obscure Act governing the practice of witchcraft to “cause a public skeptycal in purpose to profet unjustly” — proving that there are few things so wondrous and awe-inspiring that London pragmatism can’t reduce it to its basest element.
In short, the Empire is Touched, and so too are its citizens. The wonders of Science and the horrors of its misuse walk alongside the great mysteries of the elder ages, Oriental religions and cults grow in popularity beneath the veneer of Christian England, and London, always faintly pagan even before the Strangeness, has become something else again.
The Kerberos Club: Touched by Strangeness
When Victoria rose to the throne in 1837 the Strange was upon Her already, in small ways, and it was upon her Kingdom as well, though hidden and mostly unknown. By the middle years of Her reign, when her Divinity is revealed by the bleeding wounds in her side and hands during the Indian Mutiny of 1857 — stigmata which only healed when the rebellion was put down — the Strange has entered the public consciousness, and is reported in the news. The lines between Invention, Occultism, God, Monster, Magic, Mesmerism, Science, and Industry become blurred, and there is only the thrumming engine of Progress to which society clings with white-knuckled hands. The Future is Now, and the World is remade daily. There is no shortage of news for London’s dozens of papers. By the end of Victoria’s reign the pace of change and the Strange wonders she portended have become oppressive and crushing. It is impossible to bear Her gaze any longer without falling down and weeping, so She remains out of the public eye. She has made pets of Parliament, the Lords are her parakeets, singing whatever tune she wishes, and the House of Commons her beaten cur.
And then there is the Kerberos Club, refuge for the Empire’s monsters and broken heroes, those who have gazed too long into the darkness, and those who have been Touched and remade by the Strange. Early on, the Kerberos Club guards the gates of hell, keeping ordinary folk ignorant of the Strangeness, then as the Strange becomes known, they marshal to confront those weird menaces that are too much for ordinary authorities. In the last years of Her reign the Club is at the height of its power, working against enemies foreign and domestic to bring the full force of its Strange potencies against them: The Three Heads of the Kerberos Club.
The Club welcomes any who’ve been Touched, and early on this egalitarianism is itself more shocking than the rumors of dark dealings, blackmail, pagan practice, sexual perversion, and smoking in the company of women. Within the walls of the Club’s main house on the Square of Saint James, just off Pall Mall, no member is forbidden any access or denied any privilege because of race, creed, class, color, sex, or predilection. This shocking transgression of the natural order of things might seem the hardest of the Club’s many eccentricities to accept, but it only seems this way because one has not yet seen the Blue Chamber or the Atlantis Room, or sat down at table with Doctor Archibald Monroe and heard Darwin’s theories of Speciation and Natural Selection so perfectly and amusingly explained from the lips of a chimpanzee ape. The doctor is quite proud of his waistcoats, which he has tailored by Mertoy and Sons in colors to inspire thoughts of Birds of Paradise, and a compliment will surely win his friendly attention.
The Kerberos Club is where the Strangers come to relax, have a meal, read the paper, and socialize with those who truly understand the burden , the power , and the duty that the Touch of Strangeness imparts. And of course, to engage in the sorts of dilettante meddling by which the Kerberans address some of the Empire’s gravest and subtlest threats.
Special Branch, Victoria’s steely-eyed secret police, despise the Kerberos Club, and would happily see the lot of them banged up in irons and locked in a hole where the sun never shines (assuming the Kerberan in question wouldn’t find that treatment quite delightful). But Victoria dotes on the Kerberos Club, even if She never publicly meets its officers in any official capacity. She likes Her creatures to remain strong and occupied, and some harmless exercise from rivalry can only serve the good of all. When She needs clean, fanatical, reliable, and rigid, her Special Branch will do. But when she needs a Stranger’s abilities or warped perspective — when she needs the insights of a controlled evil to understand a loosed one — then the three-headed dog is the beast she whistles for, if the clever monster isn’t already on the right trail.
There is every good reason for the club’s motto:
How to Use This Book
The Kerberos Club is a setting sourcebook for the Wild Talents roleplaying game. It presents a view of the Victorian period as transformed by Strangeness, the euphemistic expression used to describe every manner of weird and uncanny influence, inspired by the gothic horror, scientific romance and fairy tales of the day, the superhero genres of the modern era, and by the real history of the period made Strange at every step, and growing increasingly so as the century progresses.
This book presents three distinct eras of play, each offering a different style of adventuring. The eras also correspond generally to the Early, Middle, and Late Victorian period, and so each has a slightly different social and political landscape. It is entirely possible to run (and frankly, would be awesome to play) a campaign from one end of the century to the other, encompassing each era and style into a single game.
Early on, the Strangeness is relatively subtle, something people may have heard about but with which most have no direct experience. In the middle, it is breaking out into the public awareness and becoming indistinct from the other wonders of the age. By the late era things have come totally unstuck, and almost nothing is too Strange to be loosed in the world.
The Kerberos Club
In Wild Talents Terms
In terms of Wild Talents’ “Building Superheroic Histories,” the world of the Kerberos Club can be defined like so:
Red (Historical Inertia): 3
Superhuman Strangers can easily change history, but a conceit of the setting is that while many of the details change, the general shape of Victoria’s century remains the same. For example, in 1861 Prince Albert, having become increasingly concerned that Victoria’s transformation is driving her mad, mysteriously vanishes so as to join an occult revolutionary society with its origins in the University of Berlin. In our reality, he dies of typhus.
Gold (Talent Inertia): 3
The superhuman are no different than the merely human in the world of the Kerberos Club. Change comes to some and not to others, and some actively fight against it. But the world itself is changing, and changing dramatically, so elements of Future Shock play into this. Can you change enough to keep up with the changing times? The rate of this acceleration itself increases as the century wears on, and the forces unleashed in the 1840s will not be put away again.
Blue (The Lovely and the Pointless): 2, Then 3, Then 5
The “Blueness” of this world increases as the Strangeness becomes more prevalent.
EARLY. In the early years of Victoria’s reign, things are BLUE 2: The Strangeness exists, and has begun to spread and infect, but it has not yet become common knowledge. What is known is generally considered unseemly, foreign, or the purview of the Great and Good (or the Base and Fallen). In this mode the Kerberos Club operates to keep a lid on these things, to see that they don’t get too out of hand and upset the delicate sensibilities of the growing middle class.
MIDDLE. In the Middle Victorian era things begin to heat up pretty seriously. The setting becomes BLUE 3, and the Strangeness can no longer be ignored. Victoria has shapechangers in Her army, and her heavy cuirassiers wear the Lorica Victoria, bullet-proof armor for rider and horse alike. Now the Kerberos Club contends openly with weird threats and menaces, and things begin to resemble a street-level superhero setting in many ways.
LATE. In the Late Victorian era things unravel, and jump right to BLUE 5 (things are briefly BLUE 4 at the transition point, but they keep changing faster and faster). In this era the Empire is like a top, nearly spun out, wildly gyrating before flying off the table onto the floor. Fleets of airships, the Hollow World explored, dinosaur cavalry, and superhuman adventurers fighting openly. Here the Kerberos Club is like a big public super-team in many respects, and their battles with malevolent Strangers can sometimes level city blocks.
Black (Moral Clarity): 2
The world of the Kerberos Club may get Stranger and Stranger, but it doesn’t get any more morally clear. It’s about hard decisions, and about consequences. In a sense, the British Empire is presented as the “good guys” in this game, in that the Kerberos Club (and its members) for the most part do their particular take on “duty” with regards to Queen and Country. Often, they find themselves forced to make choices between a little evil and a big one, or to make choices with no clear idea where the Good lies. The real history of England saw intense classism, crushing poverty, science in the service of racism, the disenfranchisement of women, sensational crime, and war war war. Add to this the reality of the superhuman. It’s a tough world, and sometimes the only thing you can be is badder than the bad man, more deceitful than the devil, and more poisonous than the snake. At the end of the day, is knowing you did your duty for Queen and Empire enough to let you look your own reflection in the eye?
Who Are the Characters and What Do They Do?
The primary assumption of this book is that players will take on the roles of members of the Kerberos Club, and one major goal in writing it has been to make this prospect as attractive as possible. The Kerberos Club is many things, but within the setting it is the vanguard against the Strangeness which is transforming the world: the Empire’s first and last defense against menaces too weird for ordinary people. As a facilitator to play, it is a perfect excuse for characters of radically different social background and class to mingle and work together as equals, something which can present a problem without this conceit in the context of the Victorian social order.
The Kerberos Club: The Night HagThe Kerberos Club is a refuge for the Strange. It counts among its members Indian mystics, fallen women, gentleman adventurers, occultists, and those who meddle with the outward limits of what is scientifically possible, seeking to transgress those limits at any cost. All its members have been Touched. As Kerberans, the player characters stand somewhere at the nexus of Hero and Monster, and as the Club becomes more public knowledge, they are equally lauded and despised. They possess unnatural abilities which defy reason and a perspective which defies morality. They cast a lurid glow that casts the period’s social landscape in sharp relief.
Within the walls of the Club’s London house all are equal and treated as such (and those who can’t adapt to this don’t long last on the Club’s rolls), but outside the walls, they find themselves thrown back into the same struggles, preconceptions, and expectations as everyone else, and subject to the mistrust and resentment of ordinary folk who envy and fear their freedom. In this way, they are both within and without proper Victorian society, subjects of admiration and envy, sometimes revulsion, but always fascination. And as much as Society would wish it were not so, the Kerberos Club is needed.
What characters do is as complex as who they are. The pursuit of personal agendas is entirely acceptable. A detective may consult on cases unrelated to the Club’s business, and a physician may seek cures for weird diseases. An inventor invents, an explorer explorers, a woman fallen to vice, free thinking and the study of the occult has plenty to occupy her time. But if one visits the Kerberos Club’s house often enough, one will inevitably be asked to look into certain things, handle certain business, have a word with this person or that. The Kerberos Club’s officers (whoever they might be) never assign jobs or duties; rather all members are obliged to look favorably upon the humble requests for assistance made by their fellows. Likewise, the characters have this same privilege of asking for assistance, information, and specialized services from other members.
The currency of the Club is favors done and favors owed, and though there is no official tally, most members are scrupulous about keeping track of who they owe and who owes them. Offers of assistance, if accepted, are indebting as well. The Club’s grand tradition of meddling in affairs which don’t concern it sees Kerberans on the trail of many menaces and threats even before an official request for aid comes down the convoluted channels separating the Club from the Queen. Such requests follow a path like Louis Pasteur’s torturously twisted glass tubing, which keeps wandering microbes from inoculating his broth while still allowing air to pass through. Communication without contamination.
Victoria’s Empire is under assault constantly from all quarters. In Ireland the Fae grow restless with the Queen’s rule, and their discontent with Her rulership mirrors that of the Irish people. In India, the legion of native gods and demons and divinities, asleep for ages, has begun stirring again, seeking new epic stories to play out upon the societies of man. In Europe, France and Prussia clash, and beyond them, Russia grows increasingly aware of its might. In the Americas, the broken Union is heading to war. Spies, anarchists, criminals petty and grand, Faerie contagion, industrial transformation, blasphemous science run amok, strife within the Church over the Queen’s apparent divinity, and all the mundane evils of poverty and desperation and injustice push the Empire to the boiling point. Assailed from without by enemies on four continents, corrupted from within by Progress run mad, it is held together only by the increasingly inhuman will of Queen Victoria Divinus.
The Kerberos Club has plenty to contend with.
The Kerberos Club
About Arc Dream Publishing
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Victoria Falls | Impala Tours
Impala Tours Vakantie Zimbabwe Victoria Falls
Accommodaties in Victoria Falls
Deze luxe en intieme lodge heeft een fantastisch uitzicht over de nevel van de Victoria watervallen en een waterdrinkplaats van olifanten. De 12 luxe tenten hebben ieder een privé terras met een klein zwembad. Inclusief gratis transfer naar de stad en verschillende activiteiten.
Een statig hotel uit 1904 in edwardiaanse stijl met uitzicht over de prachtige Batoka-kloof. Het hotel ligt in een weelderig tuin en heeft drie restaurants, een zwembad, een spa, een fitnessruimte en minigolf. Een hoogtepunt is de traditionele High Tea op het terras.
Elegante lodge met 10 chalets en schitterende uitzichten: de nevel van de watervallen in de verte, de machtige Zambezi-rivier en daar bovenop weer een prachtige Afrikaanse zonsondergang. Gelegen op slechts drie kilometer van de Victoria Falls.
Dichter bij de watervallen kunt u niet overnachten! Via een privétoegang liggen de watervallen op slechts 5 minuten lopen. De architectuur van het hotel is gebaseerd op een oude ommuurde Afrikaanse stad en zit vol Afrikaanse charme.
12 kilometer stroomopwaarts van de Victoria Falls, weg van de drukte, ligt dit juweeltje. De 12 luxe boomchalets hebben allemaal een eigen terras met een prachtig uitzicht over de Zambezi. Er is een uitgebreide keuze uit diverse activiteiten.
Chundu Island ligt 21 km stroomopwaarts van de Victoria Falls, op een eiland middenin het Zambezi NP. Het hotel heeft 8 ruime kamers, elk met een eigen terras en prachtig uitzicht op de Zambezi. Een paradijs voor vogelliefhebbers!
Deze lodge heeft 56 comfortabele kamers en ligt op slechts 8 minuten lopen van de Victoria watervallen. Geniet van een diner in het bekroonde Palm Restaurant met uitzicht op de wilde dieren die vaak door de tropisiche tuin wandelen.
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Q: Disable Trinidad's automatic addition of stylesheets Does anyone knows how to completely disable skinning support in Apache Trinidad?
All I need from the solution is to skip sending trinidad-specific CSSes all together.
I'm trying to overcome some CSS issues arising from theirs styles (like the one adding 8px top margin on IE with the absolutely highest priority).
A: We had the same issue for a while, try removing the <tr:document> tags from your pages, at least in our case that completly removed any additional styling that trinidad skinning tried to add. Now there are other CSS additions that trinidad adds in it's very nature, and that I don't believe you can get rid of.
A: Have you tried using the basic skin? It might provide something pretty close to what you want. After that, you can override and inhibit all the defaults.
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8 Interesting Scuba Diving Facts
Scuba Diving Facts talk about one of the interesting activities that you can do underwater with family and friends. You can spend few minutes underwater by using the scuba. It is a self contained breathing apparatus which helps you to breathe underwater. Have you ever tried scuba diving before? It will be fun since you can enjoy different kinds of view underwater. The marine life underwater is fantastic. Here are several interesting facts about scuba diving for you:
Scuba Diving Facts 1: the breathing gas
The people who do scuba diving can have their freedom in underwater. You will have to carry the compressed air for the source of the breathing gas when spending the time underwater. Therefore, you do not need to hold the breath.
Scuba Diving Facts 2: the equipment of scuba diving
You can choose between the semi closed/closed circuit or the open circuit for the scuba equipment. In the semi-closed or closed circuit, the carbon dioxide will be eliminated by scrubbing the breathing gas. The unused oxygen will be filtered from the carbon dioxide and it will be recirculating again. If you choose the open circuit equipment, the exhaled gas will be moved away on the surrounding area.
Scuba Diving Facts 3: other equipment
Besides using the breathing equipment, the scuba diver also has fins located that the feet. The main function of the fins is to give the diver more propulsion. It will be easier for them to move around using the fins.
Scuba Diving Facts 4: The closed-circuit rebreathers
The closed-circuit rebreathers are interesting to have for scuba diving. Actually it was used for the military purpose. Henry Fleuss took the credit as the Engine diving engineer who designed the first commercially successful hose circuit scuba equipment in 1878.
Scuba Diving Facts 5: the product of Henry Fleuss
The rebreather of Henry Fleuss gave the diver three hours of freedom to do underwater activity. It was called self contained breathing apparatus or SCBA. This breathing apparatus is designed with a rubber mask linked to the breathing bag. Find out another sport in Sailing facts.
Scuba Diving Facts 6: Sir Robert Davis
The person who made the previous design of breathing apparatus perfect was the head of Siebe Gorman. He was Sir Robert Davis. His invention was called as the first practical rebreather. He called it Davis Submerged Escape Apparatus.
Scuba Diving Facts 7: the open circuit unit
in1943, Emile Gagnan and Jacques-Yves Cousteau developed Aqualung twin hose open circuit units. It was considered as the first commercially successful scuba sets.
Scuba Diving Facts 8: recreational diving
Scuba diving can be included as a recreational diving in various beaches in the world. You can do deep diving, ice diving, wreck diving or cave diving.
Do you like reading facts about scuba diving?
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Recreational water illnesses (RWIs) are any disease that’s spread through germs brought into a swimming pool by a swimmer. This encompasses a wide variety of diseases and uncomfortable conditions and can come from any swimming pool, but especially those with young children. Everyone has a responsibility to practice safe swimming and to avoid spreading RWIs. It’s easy to do and won’t interfere with the pool time fun!
WHO SHOULD BE AWARE OF RWI PREVENTION STEPS?
- 1 WHO SHOULD BE AWARE OF RWI PREVENTION STEPS?
- 2 WHAT DO YOU DO IF…?
- 3 TIPS ON HOW TO PREVENT RWIs FROM SPREADING
- 4 SUMMARY
Everyone who swims or takes their children swimming should pay attention to the tips given in this article about preventing RWIs. This includes parents with small inflatable pools. RWIs can be serious, so it’s better to heed the prevention tips now than to suffer later on.
WHAT DO YOU DO IF…?
Guests are using your home pool?
Ensure that chlorine levels in your pool are high enough before letting anyone swim. Chlorine can be essential in lowering the risk of catching an RWI. You can also set hygiene rules for your pool, such as requiring a rinse off before entering.
You are visiting a public pool or a friend’s pool?
Practice courtesy and rinse off before entering the pool, especially if you are sweaty or dirty. If appropriate, you can ask about the chlorine levels of the pool, although this is not always a polite or practical thing to do.
TIPS ON HOW TO PREVENT RWIs FROM SPREADING
1. Get everyone out of the pool every hour.
Use this time to send the kids and yourself on a bathroom break. If diapers need to be changed, do so away from the pool. Drink water during this time to avoid dehydration and unconscious pol water swallowing.
2. Don’t allow anyone with diarrhea into the pool.
Even if the condition stopped before the person wants to swim, do not let them get into the pool if they have been experiencing diarrhea that day. Germs from diarrhea can quickly spread around and infect other swimmers.
3. Rinse off before entering the pool.
This is a good way to prevent bringing germs, dirt, and sweat into the pool from outside.
4. Use the bathroom, not the pool water!
No matter how lazy you or your children are feeling the pool water is not a good place to pee. Children and adults should always be urged to use a bathroom instead.
5. Drink from a water bottle, avoid drinking pool water.
Staying hydrated by drinking water during swimming breaks can help you to avoid accidentally drinking the pool water. Pool water can contain a number of germs and bacteria, so it’s best to avoid swallowing it if at all possible.
6. Change swim diapers away from the pool-side.
This simply measure can help to keep the germs from the diapers away from the pool water.
Following these simple tips can help you and your family to stay safe from RWIs while also stopping the spread. Encourage your children to pay attention to proper swimming hygiene and to always swim safely.
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“The Name Fleming is from Flanders, the home of the first of the Family—Stephen, who planted his name in England—the Flemings in the South Colonel Thomas, and how he fooled the Indians in a fight—the New Jersey Flemings—and the Arms of the Old Fleming Family, and the Fleminsh Motto.”
By Frances Cowlles
It is an interesting fact to the genealogist that the motto borne by the Fleming, or Flemming, family is the only motto recorded in British healdry which is still written in Flemish. [Editor's note—No, it is actually written in Gaelic] This motto, “Bhear na Righ gan”—“May the King live forever”—must date from a very ancient period, as the Flemings have been in England and Scotland for almost a thousand years.
The English chronicler gives as the first of the family Stephen of Flanders, who first assumed the name of Flanders or Fleming to show the nationality of his forefathers. The Irish descendents of Stephen say theat Stephan's Father, Archembald, a nobleman of Flanders, came from the continent with William the Conqueror and acquired the lordshoip of Bratton in Devonshire.
Stephen Flanders, or Fleming, had a son, Archembald, said to be the ancestor of the Irish family of Flemings who become lords of the estate of Slane, County of Meath, Ireland. There were twenty-three recorded generations of Barons Slane, but the title became dormant in 1726.
William, a younger son of Stephen of flanders, who died in 1197, had a son, Sir Malcom, sheriff of Dumbarton, who died in 1246, and his son Robert was the well-known supporter of Robert Bruce. Robert had two dons, at least-Malcom, who was made Earl of Wigton, and who died in 1362, and Patrick. The son of Malcom, Earl of Wigton, inherited his father's titles and estates, but later sold them.
Patrick married a daughter of Sir Simon Fraser and had a son Sir Malcolm, who had two sons, Sir David and Patrick. The former had a son Malcolm, who married Elizabeth, Daughter of the Duke of Albany, and had Lord Robert Fleming, who married Margaret Lindsay. Their son was Malcolm, who married Euphemia Christon and had Lord John, who married Janet Steward. Lord John died in 1524, leaving a son, Malcolm, who was created Earl of Wigton under a second creation.
The First Earl of Wigton under this new creation had two sons—James, who succeeded to his father's honors and was Lord High Chancellor to Queen Mary, and Lord John, who, after his brother's death, succeeded to the earldom. The latter married Lillian Graham, a daughter of the Earl of Montrose. Their two sons were John and Sir Thomas Fleming. Sir Thomas married Miss Tarleton and emigrated to Virginia and there became the originator of the southern branch of the Fleming family.
Sir Thomas, it is said, had three sons—Tarleton, John and Charles. John died in New Kent, VA., in 1686, leaving a son Charles, who married Susannah Tarleton. The children of this marriage were as follows: Elizabeth; Judith, who married Thomas Randolph; Colonel John, who married Mary Bolling; Tarleton of Rock Castle, who married Hannah Bates; Robert, who was burgess for Caroline county, and Susannah, who married first John Bates and then John Woodson.
Colonel John, the third child and “son and heir” of Charles and Susannah Tarleton Fleming, had five sons and two daughters. Of these the eldest John, was captain of the first Virginia Regiment in the Revolution and was killed at the battle of Princeton in 1776. Charles, the second son, was Lieutenant Colonel of Continental troops in the Third Virginia Regiment; Thomas was Colonel of the Ninth Virginia Continentals; William was judge of the Virgina supreme court, and the yougest son was Richard. John, the eldest, married Susannah—, and had a son John.
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This paper proposes a new etymology for Proto-Slavic *grochotъ. Regarding it as an onomatopoeic formation, one can easily overlook implications of its earliest sense connected with grain processing. Thus *grochotъ has ultimately developed from pie. *gher- ‘to rub; to grind’. The paper provides an account for its morphological composition and meaning.
Rus. кутёнок ʻpuppyʼ, dial. кутя ʻpuppyʼ, ʻchickenʼ are traditionally acknowledged as onomatopoeic words. The article offers the following amendment: кутя ʻchicken, henʼ has onomatopoeiс roots, whereas кутя ʻpuppyʼ (Proto-Slavic *kutę) derives from Proto-Slavic *kutiti to care, to guardʼ.
The article is written on the title story of Pasternak's "Safe Conduct"
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FROM REDDIT r/prochoice
They think that an utterly dependent clump of cells which has yet to develop anything resembling self-awareness is truly the moral equivalent of a fully-developed baby swaddled up in a crib. That’s the long and short of it.
They think it’s infused with a soul from the instant gamete meets gamete (never mind that souls don’t exist). They project religious significance onto it and expect everyone to obey their interpretation of their religion as relates to this particular subject (even though their own holy book consistently says that life begins at the first breath and defines separate punishments for causing a miscarraige versus killing a person).
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Change in the color of urine is an indication of pregnancy. In some cases, it can also be a warning sign. Different colors of urine can have different meanings. The color change is governed by several factors. As nothing in pregnancy should be taken lightly, it is required to learn about these color changes and how it can affect your health. In this article, we will talk about these factors, probable risks and treatment for this condition.
How does the color of urine change in Pregnancy?
The smell, and color of the urine can tell a lot about the health of a woman while pregnant. The color of urine in a healthy person is light, and transparent yellow color. However, in pregnancy, the color can take on a darker shade of yellow. Some women can find it as strong bright yellow color to a darker orange-yellowish color.
What is the reason for the change in urine color in Pregnancy?
This color is due to the pigment named “urobilin”. It is made when the body disintegrate “hemoglobin” from dead red blood cells. The color of this pigment is based on the concentration of the urine. If it is hydrated or diluted, then the pigment is of a lighter shade.
On the other hand, morning sickness, that leads to vomiting can in turn lead to dehydration. If it is in concentrated form, then this pigment will be of a darker color.
In addition to it, the color of urine in pregnancy is also affected by the functioning of kidneys in the body. Kidney is the organ that is responsible for filtering as well as discarding waste material from the body. The modification in the food consumption during pregnancy as well as intake of medicines, and vitamins can even lead to change in the urine color.
Kidney stone can also cause changes in the urine color. It has the ability to cause hindrance in the functioning of kidneys. This can lead to severe nausea, vomiting, and pain, in the body. It.
Due to change in pregnancy hormones, you can even see a change in urine odor. A strong urine odor is an indication of an infection in urinary tract.
Hematuria is the term that represents blood in the urine. The excess RBC in the body gets eliminated via urine that makes it color either red-colored, or of very dark yellow.
An infection in bladder is a type of UTI as well as a bacterial infection. The changes in bodily hormones in the body causes the increase in size of the urinary bladder. It weakens the lining of bladder and makes it susceptible to infections. Infection in bladder is the result of the change in the urine color.
When should you seek assistance of a doctor?
There are various reasons responsible for changing urine color in pregnancy. If you find blood in the urine or the color of urine changes to pink, brown, or red, or brown in your pregnancy, then you need immediate assistance from the doctor. There are a few women who would experience light colored implantation bleeding at the start of the pregnancy.
This does not indicate any problem. Passing of blood in urine is also an indication of a vaginal infection. The growth of fetus also puts pressure on the bladder, that should be emptied quite often. Women may even notice leakage in urine while sneezing or coughing.
Diet can also be the reason for change in urine color in pregnancy. It is important that it should include vegetables, fruits, dairy products, and other types of healthy foods. Many pregnant women consume prenatal supplements, and vitamins in their pregnancy. This is required because the body of the woman is not able to break the vitamins. The absorbed supplements, and vitamins gets discarded via urine, and will result in a dark shade of urine.
Urine Tests In Pregnancy
Urine tests holds a lot of importance in pregnancy. To find out any risks, your doctor will conduct an extensive analysis of urine at the first prenatal appointment. He will then perform it many times throughout the pregnancy. Testing can also be performed to evaluate bladder, kidney infections, diabetes, and dehydration.
High levels of protein in urine will also indicate a urinary tract infection and kidney disease. Your medical provider will screen for high sugar, and protein levels to test for “preeclampsia”. It is a condition caused due to high blood pressure in a person.
Large amounts of sugar in the urine may indicate gestational diabetes, which typically develops in the second trimester. Additional signs of gestational diabetes may include fatigue, excessive thirst, and weight loss.
During urine test, your doctor may also evaluate the levels of ketones present in urine. These ketones are chemicals secreted by the liver at the time when your body is deficient of converting sugar into energy.
Performing urine tests at different stages of pregnancy is important to reveal the present health status of the person. This analysis will assist the doctor to figure out possible condition that needs treatment. Tests are conducted to evaluate infections in bladder and kidney. It can even lead to dehydration.
Change is urine color is one of the common changes that happens in a woman when she is pregnant. However, to be on a safer side, you need to be proactive. Monitoring such changes, reporting them to the doctor, and obtaining necessary urinalysis tests will help in keeping you and the baby healthy in pregnancy.
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A TALL man with red hair and a face that "beamed with benevolence and intelligence," entered a shop in Philadelphia on July 3, 1776 and bought a thermometer for $19.
On July 4, while the angry members of the Second Continental Congress debated a Declaration of Independence from the tyranny of the British crown, Thomas Jefferson, the author of the declaration, calmly took four readings of the temperature that day on his new thermometer, at 6 a.m., 9 a.m., 1 p.m., and 9 p.m.
In the evening, the debate ended. All present except one signed the declaration. A political and social revolution that continues to change the world was underway.
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness...."
There is no casual connection between the thermometer and the Declaration of Independence. To Jefferson, with his unsurpassed interest and knowledge about everything including the weather, horticulture, architecture, furniture, music, languages [he spoke and read seven languages], books, cooking, astronomy, medicine, art, surveying, paleontology, etc., it was his pursuit of happiness to explore the fullness of life and nature.
Unremarkable now, but extraordinary in 1776, Jefferson wanted each man to have the opportunity to pursue happiness free of political tyranny (Some thoughts later on Jefferson's ownership of slaves).
Today, at Monticello, Jefferson's home and center of exploration and happiness for 40 years, the commemoration of the 250th anniversary of his birth in 1743 will be launched. The centerpiece of the celebration is an exhibition of more than 150 of Jefferson's possessions on loan from museums and individuals from around the world. The exhibit, as well as dozens of related events across the United States, will continue at Monticello through the end of the year.
"His intellect and values are expressed in everything here," says Susan Stein, curator of the exhibition. "I think he was always conscious that Monticello was at the edge of the frontier, and what he did was bring the larger resources of the world here. Also, he wanted to remind himself of past events and absent friends; so he surrounded himself with reminders of the people who had shaped his thinking and his life."
Even cursory research into Jefferson's range of interests and accomplishments - in addition to his political career - verifies former President John F. Kennedy's comment about Jefferson at a White House dinner honoring Nobel Prize winners. Said Kennedy, "I think this is the most extraordinary collection of talent, of human knowledge, that has ever been gathered together at the White House - with the possible exception of when Thomas Jefferson dined alone."
This might have been true on occasions at the White House, but at Monticello, Jefferson's sociability and generosity of spirit would have left him seldom alone at dinner.
Shy in public, Jefferson's intellect and interests always bloomed in the conversational flow of small groups around a dining table. He also wrote more than 18,000 letters to friends in his lifetime and kept five notebooks simultaneously.
Daniel Jordan, the executive director of the Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, which owns and operates Monticello, puts Jefferson's accomplishments in further perspective. "I like to say that we have 200 people working at Monticello trying to keep up with one man who lived 200 years ago," he says.
A walk around the grounds of Monticello with Peter Hatch, director of grounds and gardens for 15 years, reveals what Mr. Hatch considers the full revelation of Jefferson's character.
"He related to people by talking about gardening and considered gardening and agriculture the workhouse of nature," says Hatch, pointing to Jefferson's 1,000-foot-long garden, recreated in l979. "His grand vision was to create an ornamental farm, to take the necessary elements of a working farm and intersperse the attributes of a garden. The theme that defined his view of the landscape, and life, was combining the useful with the delightful." Smiling, Hatch concludes, "Jefferson never talked about furnit ure like that."
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Diamond’s fall exposes fundamental flaws in the City | Oliver Kamm
Bob Diamond’s resignation as chief executive of Barclays signals that the failings at the bank were not merely due to rogue traders. They were institutional and fundamental – both to the bank and to the workings of the City.
There is no single interest rate in the wholesale money markets. There is proxy for a benchmark rate, which is Libor. The flaw in calculating it, however, is that it depends on the banks’ own estimates of the interest rate they would pay daily on a wholesale deposit.
This was a system ripe for abuse. Barclays manipulated the rate upwards to boost its profits, on which bankers’ bonuses were calculated.
The scandal has severely damaged the reputation of the City. It suggests the banking sector is, in effect, an oligopoly operating restrictive practices.
Twitter: @OliverKamm
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Q: Detailed Instructions: A text is given in English. Translate it from the English language to the Gujarati language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.
Q: પ્રધાનમંત્રીએ સ્ટેચ્યુ ઑફ યુનિટી રાષ્ટ્રને સમર્પિત કર્યુ
A:
A: PM dedicates Statue of Unity to the Nation
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May 12
Many people will be inquisitive that whether not really is the process lawyer’s. Yes, online background checking is legal as long as they are carried out with the help of court records which are absolutely 100 % free police records check. People want assurance while making important decisions like business coalition, marriage, hiring someone for work, giving apartment for rent, getting a roommate, getting involved within a relationship etc. These records provide with a involving necessary and useful information which can help in taking these decisions with future regrets.
Information such as medical records, bank records, credit/debit card records cannot be obtained by a look at without the prior permission of the person concerned (whose background has to be checked). Courthouses maintain police records and therefore have to be able to it. But most frequently they are approached, intensive testing . reluctant to offer any help. Nonetheless, a associated with their records are accessible on the internet which can be accessed with a click of a typical button, quite literally.
Most people who desire to conduct background checks are parents who want comprehend their children’s friends, boyfriend/girlfriend, spouses, then there are employers who want to learn more about the capabilities of their potential uses. No one wants to be associated with choose a product a criminal background or perhaps famous for the vices in his/her character, and stuff like that. So these methods of checking on people can be beneficial and will help in building trust.
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Key Resource: Using new technologies
New technologies, often in educational contexts meaning information and communication technologies (ICTs), offer huge potential for classroom use. Although the availability of such technologies is limited in many African countries, that situation is changing rapidly. New forms of ICTs are appearing all the time. The experience of those with some knowledge of ICTs is not always a guide to the way in which new forms of ICTs can be most effectively used for learning.
This key resource, therefore, suggests how you, as a teacher, approach new technologies, rather than acting as a guide as to how they can be used. Here are ten points to help you establish a good approach to the potential of new technologies:
- The use of new technologies, like any other teaching and learning strategy, needs planning for: you need to understand the potential of any specific form of ICT (a computer with Internet access, for example) before incorporating it into your daily teaching.
- Get advice about how different equipment and applications work. The introduction of computers into schools is usually linked to some sort of training. Computers also have plenty of ‘self help’ systems, so make sure that you understand how these work.
- Pupils may need some help in acquiring basic skills: it is important to establish good class routines and positive attitudes to the use of ICTs.
- ICTs allow the use of ‘software’ that can significantly help the learner, individually or in a group, but some software is better than others. As the teacher, you need to think carefully about which ICT applications are useful, in the same way that you might decide that some books are more useful than others.
- The most expensive technologies are not always the most effective! Audio clips or radio instruction, which has been around for a long time remains highly effective – but now you can deliver it using mobile phones and computers as well as radios and tape players.
- The presentation of pupils’ work through the use of word processing packages can be very good, but it is important to remember that good presentation is not the same as good learning. Just using new technologies for ‘presentational purposes’ fails to exploit their potential for learning.
- New technologies can help speed up tedious processes and make learning more interesting. For example, mathematics or science investigations can move more rapidly if some calculations are done electronically.
- Some new technologies can really transform learning opportunities. The use of simulations in science teaching, for example, allows pupils to investigate things that it would be impossible to experiment with in the classroom. It is important for you, as the teacher, to think about how such technologies really do transform the learning experience.
- New forms of technology may have greater potential for use in the African context than older established technologies. Mobile or cell phones, for example, are now becoming like mini computers. Teachers and pupils can use the skills they develop in using mobile technologies for teaching and learning and this should be kept under review.
- Community awareness of the use of new technologies is also important. The resources that are likely to become available for schools and teachers could also provide useful support for the community.
For more ideas about using new technologies, look at the TESSA website.
Select the next Key Resource you are interested in by clicking on the resource titles on the left-hand side of this screen.
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Shown Here:
Introduced in House (03/06/2013)
Fair Access to Credit Scores Act of 2013 - Amends the Fair Credit Reporting Act to require certain consumer reporting agencies to disclose, without charge, as part of a consumer's free annual disclosure upon request, a current credit score generated using the scoring methodology most frequently used to generate scores sold to creditors, including information regarding other risk scores or predictors in the consumer's file.
Requires the agencies also to furnish such other consumer information as the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) considers appropriate with respect to consumer financial education, including where the consumer's credit score falls with respect to a range of possible credit scores, and the general factors contributing to the credit scores of consumers.
Requires such agencies, upon consumer request for either a credit score or a risk score, to supply any such score in the consumer's file at the agency.
Requires the agencies to maintain credit scores or other risk scores or predictors in the consumer's file for at least one year after the data is generated.
Directs the CFPB to develop regulations establishing a mandatory format for consumer file disclosures.
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User:
Here is an extract from a webpage: "Rapper Tellaman Contact Details, Address, Phone Number – contact number, house address, mobile number, biography, email ID, website and other contact information is listed here with the residence or house address. The Rapper Tellaman’s fans can also get here the useful contact information related to Rapper Tellaman home address, location including Tellaman Events, shows, movies, updates, wallpapers, personal photos, status, tweets, etc.
Tellaman About
South African DJ and producer who rose to fame for his features on the Soul Candi Records ’15 collection. He also garnered success from his mixtape Mind vs Heart. He’s worked with the likes of AKA, Nasty C and Dream Team.
Other Informations
He became a self-taught producer and musician at the age of 15.
He featured Okmalumkoolkat on his first major single, “Drinks and Music.”
He was born Thelumusa Owen, but he’s better known as Tellaman.
He was featured on DJ Speedsta’s hit “Mayo.”
Tellaman Bio
|Name||Tellaman|
|Birthday||Apr 12, 1989 (Ap".
Write an extensive and detailed course unit suitable for a textbook targeted at college students, related to the given extract within the context of "Music". Do not just list concepts, but develop each one in detail before moving to the next, as we prioritize depth of understanding and comprehensive exploration of the subject matter over breadth. Focus on:
- Rigor: Ensure in-depth coverage of the concepts/sections.
- Engagement: Write with an academic, professional and engaging tone that captivates interest.
- Application: Incorporate specific, practical examples, such as proofs in calculus or critical dates and figures in history. Do not use images.
Assistant:
Course Unit: South African Hip Hop Production and Artistry: An Examination of Tellaman's Musical Journey
Introduction
The world of music has always been characterized by diversity and innovation, and hip hop is no exception. This genre, which originated in the United States during the late 1970s, quickly spread across continents, influencing musicians worldwide. One region where this impact has been particularly profound is Africa, specifically South Africa. With its unique blend of local languages, rhythms, and stories, South African hip hop offers valuable insights into how global trends are adapted and transformed within distinct cultural settings. This course unit will explore these dynamics through the lens of Tellaman, a prominent figure in the contemporary South African hip hop scene. We will analyze various aspects of his career, focusing on production techniques, collaboration strategies, and identity politics, among others. By doing so, we aim to provide college students with a deeper appreciation of both the universality and particularity of hip hop culture.
I. Background and Context
Before delving into Tellaman's musical journey, it is essential to establish a solid foundation regarding the broader historical and socio-cultural factors shaping South African hip hop. To achieve this objective, we recommend beginning with readings drawn from seminal works like Booth's *Hip Hop in Africa* and Reynolds' *Retromania*. These texts offer crucial background knowledge concerning the development of rap music in postcolonial societies, highlighting themes such as resistance, creativity, and transnational exchange. Furthermore, they introduce readers to key artists, movements, and styles, setting the stage for more focused discussions later in the course.
II. Becoming Tellaman: Early Life and Self-Teaching
As evidenced by the provided extract, Tellaman began honing his craft as a young teenager, teaching himself the fundamentals of music production and performance. Students should be encouraged to reflect upon the implications of this autodidactic approach, considering questions like: How does self-teaching shape artistic vision? What resources were available to Tellaman in his quest for knowledge? Drawing upon theories of informal learning and apprenticeship, this section aims to illuminate the creative processes behind independent musical development.
III. Mixtapes, Collaboration, and Industry Dynamics
One notable aspect of Tellaman's discography is his proclivity towards collaborative projects, exemplified by his successful mixtape *Mind vs Heart.* Through close analysis of tracks featuring high-profile guest appearances (e.g., AKA, Nasty C), students will gain insight into the complex interplay between individual artistry and collective enterprise within the South African hip hop industry. Additionally, discussions surrounding issues of ownership, royalties, and promotion will shed light on larger structural forces influencing the careers of emerging musicians.
IV. Sonic Signatures: Soundscapes, Sampling, and Identity Politics
In order to fully appreciate Tellaman's contributions to hip hop culture, it is necessary to examine the intricate sonic tapestries woven throughout his work. Particular attention should be paid to elements such as sampling choices, rhythmic patterns, and vocal delivery, all of which contribute to the creation of distinctive soundscapes emblematic of his style. Moreover, exploring connections between these aesthetic decisions and sociopolitical realities facing contemporary South Africa will enable students to understand how music functions as a powerful tool for expressing identities and contesting dominant narratives.
V. Fans, Followers, and Online Communities
Within today's digitally mediated landscape, artist-fan relationships have taken on new forms and significance. For instance, platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook serve as vital spaces for communication, engagement, and co-creation between musicians and their audiences. Utilizing case studies centered around Tellaman's online presence, this module encourages students to critically evaluate the role of social media in fostering fan communities and promoting musical acts. Furthermore, potential risks associated with digital technologies—such as privacy concerns, cyberbullying, and intellectual property theft—will be addressed, emphasizing the importance of responsible practices within virtual environments.
Conclusion
By examining Tellaman's trajectory as a South African hip hop artist, this course unit seeks to illustrate the richness and complexity inherent in global popular musics. Throughout our explorations, we have strived to maintain rigorous scholarly standards while simultaneously cultivating curiosity and enthusiasm amongst learners. It is hoped that, upon completion, students possess not only an enhanced comprehension of the topics covered but also a heightened sensitivity towards the diverse expressions of humanity encapsulated within the realm of music.
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Low carbon liquid fuels enable climate neutrality in transport by 2050
Fuels Europe has presented a study that shows how low carbon liquid fuels (LCLF) could enable the transport sector to contribute to EU climate neutrality by 2050. The path shown in the study also shows that the transport sector can save 100 million tons of CO2 emissions per year by 2035.
© FuelsEurope – All rights reserved
LCLF play a strategic role in the transition to a climate-neutral economy by 2050, especially in sectors where there are currently no equivalent technological alternatives. Examples of this are aviation, heavy goods transport or ship transport.
In order to save 100 million tons of CO2 emissions in the transport sector every year from 2035, the right policy framework must be created that enables the creation of a market for LCLF, support investment mechanisms and mitigate investment risks. The following policy principles are central to achieving climate neutrality by 2050: Creating a market for LCLF with a significant carbon price signal, either through a dedicated cap and trade mechanism on emissions from road fuels or a WTW carbon intensity standard for fuels. The CO2 standards in vehicles must be amended and all overlapping fuel policies should be reformed or simplified. In addition, fuel taxation should be revised by accounting for the carbon-intensity, to incentivise investments in advanced renewable fuels. Investors should be put in the best conditions by ensuring regulatory stability, allowing access to private and public funds, favourable fiscal treatment and protecting the investments from carbon-leakage.More Information
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New nuclear fuel source would power human race until 5000AD
Fission not just safe and affordable: sustainable too
Opinion Since the Fukushima meltdown - as a result of which, not a single person is set to be measurably harmed by radiation - we know that nuclear power is safe. New discoveries by US scientists have now shown it's sustainable as well.
That's because US government scientists have just announced research in which they've massively increased the efficiency of techniques for extracting uranium from the ocean - and that means that supplies of uranium are secure for the future even if the entire human race moves to fission power for all its energy needs.
"We have shown that our adsorbents can extract five to seven times more uranium at uptake rates seven times faster than the world's best adsorbents," says Chris Janke of the US Oak Ridge National Laboratory, one of America's top nuke labs.
At the moment people don't use nuclear power much (the UK's small and aged nuclear fleet can barely generate four times as much power as its wind farms, showing just how little energy we're talking about here: under 2 per cent of our national energy needs are derived from nuclear right now). As a result there's no scarcity of uranium, and indeed nobody has bothered exploring for more of it for decades.
But one day people really will have to stop using fossil fuel for nearly everything - either to prevent a global warming apocalypse, or (perhaps more realistically) because supplies will eventually run out. There's no chance of renewables generating the sort of energy the future human race will require to live above the poverty line, so something else will be required.
Anti-nuclear people have always argued that the something had better not be nuclear because more nuclear powerplants equals more weapons-grade material (not by any means necessarily true, though it seemed as though it might be the case back in the early days of nuclear technology). And even if you think nuclear bombs are OK, the fearmongers have always added that there just isn't enough uranium about to keep the lights on for long.
That may very well be correct, provided all the uranium must be dug out of the ground and run through a powerplant just once before being classified as waste and dumped. But in fact almost all of the spent fuel can be recycled and used again (nobody bothers much right now, as new uranium is cheaper - and in the States recycling the waste has actually been banned at the behest of the anti-nuclear tendency).
And best of all, there's an awful lot more uranium in the sea than there is in the ground. But until now, the costs of getting it out have been so steep as to make it unfeasible even given nuclear-power economics. (Normally, fuel price isn't a big deal for nuclear power as it is a tiny proportion of the cost of having a station - so double-price uranium only sends up the cost of the electricity by a few per cent at most. But seawater uranium to date has cost many times double.)
But now Janke and his colleagues at Oak Ridge and the Pacific Northwest federal atom labs have massively increased the efficiency of seawater extraction.
"Our HiCap adsorbents are made by subjecting high-surface area polyethylene fibers to ionizing radiation, then reacting these pre-irradiated fibers with chemical compounds that have a high affinity for selected metals," says Janke. The allied US government experts behind the tech presented details at a major boffinry conference in Philadelphia yesterday.
Nobody's saying that the new HiCap tech can compete with ordinary mining on cost yet - but that's almost irrelevant. What HiCap offers is, first, assurances to nuclear powerplant operators that they will still be able to obtain uranium for the foreseeable future with no more than a massive price increase - say no worse than three or four times over - no matter whether landbased reserves play out or become oversubscribed. That means their plants' total operating costs won't climb by any more than a marginal amount. Thus, a major source of risk for investors is removed.
Secondly, the prospect of being able to extract billions of tons of uranium from the sea means that humanity has access to enough fuel to meet all its energy needs - all of them, not just present day electricity demand but also the other 90 per cent currently supplied in thermal form - for thousands of years.
One US government statement issued this week says that oceanic uranium could last 6,500 years: but a more conservative estimate assuming use of recycling (as offered by Professor J C Mackay of Cambridge) is say three millennia with all humans using as much energy as a present-day European does. So we've gone with that for our headline.
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