user948: Many questions on this site are from new/low-reputation users who may not know all of the common rules and expectations of Biology and SE sites in general. Compounding this is the fact that users below a certain reputation level cannot see close votes on their own questions, and may not understand downvotes that aren't adequately explained.
What are some good comments that could be used to educate these users?

user3340: Questions that are not vague/asking for tutorial but are too broad for the scope of the site.

Your question appears very broad; you can find entire books/reviews dedicated to this topic. Please narrow your question down and add sufficient details such that it is restricted to a specific issue and can be answered in a few paragraphs. 


user16866: Sometimes closing for "homework" is confusing to users if they truly are not asking for a homework assignment. More often, the flagged post simply just does not indicate the OP performed any previous research effort. Here's a comment that captures this lack-of-research concern a little more clearly for users confused about "homework" status...
 No Research Effort: 

Hi [INSERT NAME]. Welcome to Bio.SE! What attempts to answer this question have you already taken? We ask that all question posters here attempt to search for an answer to their own question and explicitly indicate what research they've already done, what they learned, and what is still confusing or unknown to them. Our goal is not to simply be an answer site, but rather a site that promotes self-learning with some expert help along the way :). Please take a moment to edit your post with this additional detail, and it will likely be received more positively by our community. Thanks!

Or if they are an existing member, simply remove the Welcome to Bio.SE! portion.

Alternative message that I saw @WYSIWYG use here:

Hi! Welcome to [biology.se]. In our site, we actively encourage users to put in an effort from their side towards finding the answer before asking. This effort is also usually dubbed as homework. If you provide context, background and show your own take on the question, then the question is not only easier to answer but is also useful for other people who visit the site to look for answers. Therefore, please [edit] to your question and add some details.


user948: Please adapt these for the situation at hand, and don't just post them blindly.

Please read the comment editing help page for a list of shortcuts you can use in comments (some of which I use below). Things like [help], [tour], [edit], and shortcuts to other SE sites are very useful.
This is organized into three sections: Questions, Answers, and Useful Links.

Questions
Welcome/explain how site works

Welcome to the Biology Stack Exchange. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including what is on-topic and what is not, and how to ask a good question. Please ensure your post is formatted correctly as well.

Welcome to the Biology Stack Exchange. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask). Please ensure your post is [formatted correctly](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting) as well.

Too broad discussion/tutorial request questions
This takes the previous comment and changes the first sentence a bit.

This is not a forum or tutorial service; it is a Q&A site where specific questions relating to biology get specific answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including what is on-topic and what is not, and how to ask a good question. Please ensure your post is formatted correctly as well.

This is not a forum or tutorial service; it is a Q&A site where *specific* questions relating to biology get *specific* answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask). Please ensure your post is [formatted correctly](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting) as well.

General comment asking OP to actually think about their question. Useful for absolute garbage/unintelligible questions, and elsewhere as well.

Here's a hint on asking questions: Put yourself in the mind of another person - someone you might ask the question to. Then, carefully re-read the question and ask yourself "Do I understand what is being asked? Is there any other information that might be necessary to answer it? Is it grammatically well-formed, spelled correctly, and punctuated - in English? Does it fit with the rules of this site as defined in the [help]?" If the answer to one or more of those questions is No, then you need to work on your post some more. Please click the [edit] link to alter your question.

Here's a hint on asking questions: Put yourself in the mind of another person - someone you might ask the question to. Then, carefully re-read the question and ask yourself *"Do I understand what is being asked? Is there any other information that might be necessary to answer it? Is it grammatically well-formed, spelled correctly, and punctuated - in English? Does it fit with the rules of this site as defined in the [help]?"* If the answer to one or more of those questions is *No*, then you need to work on your post some more. Please click the [edit] link to alter your question.

Homework
This takes the standard close reason and adds some clarification to it. The last sentence doesn't always need to be included.

Homework questions are off-topic on Biology unless you have shown your attempt at an answer. For more information see our homework policy. "Homework" is interpreted to mean any academic or other assignment, test preparation, or task given in relation to a class, educational setting, or self-learning.

**Homework questions** are off-topic on Biology **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. For more information see our [homework policy](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework). "*Homework*" is interpreted to mean any academic or other assignment, test preparation, or task given in relation to a class, educational setting, or self-learning.
or, you can use just the standard close text, which includes the homework policy link:

Homework questions are off-topic on Biology unless you have shown your attempt at an answer. For more information see our homework policy.

**Homework questions** are off-topic on Biology **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. For more information see our [homework policy](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework).

Questions with little or no prior research effort
Since a number of people (understandably) have issues with lumping general, poorly-researched questions in with homework, you can use this instead of the above:

The Biology.SE community has agreed that questions that show little or no prior research effort are off-topic on this site unless you have shown your attempt at an answer. Please [edit] your question and tell us where you've looked for answers, what you do know about the topic, and where exactly you still have questions. Unresearched questions may be subject to down-voting and closure.

The Biology.SE community has agreed that **questions that show little or no prior research effort** are off-topic on this site **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. Please [edit] your question and tell us where you've looked for answers, what you *do* know about the topic, and where exactly you still have questions. Unresearched questions may be subject to down-voting and closure.

Hypothetical questions
Questions that ask about hypothetical situations are off-topic. For example, "What would have happened if we had evolved the ability to do ______?" or "How would life be different if ______ hadn't happened?" Worldbuilding deals with hypotheticals all the time, as many contributors are writing science fiction and want to be as accurate as possible, so we can direct this kind of question to them.

This is an opinion-based question because it is asking about a hypothetical situation. From the [help/dont-ask], avoid asking subjective questions where … you are asking an open-ended, hypothetical question: “What if ______ happened?” We expect answers to be based on verifiable facts and references, along with subject-related expertise. You may be able to get answers at [worldbuilding.se], but please read through their help center first.

This is an opinion-based question because it is asking about a hypothetical situation. From the [help/dont-ask], *avoid asking subjective questions where … you are asking an open-ended, hypothetical question: “What if ______ happened?”* We expect answers to be based on verifiable facts and references, along with subject-related expertise. You may be able to get answers at [worldbuilding.se], but please read through their [help center](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/help) first.

Medical Questions

Personal medical questions and health advice are off-topic on Biology. We cannot safely answer questions for your specific situation and you should always consult a doctor for medical advice.

**Personal medical questions and health advice** are off-topic on Biology. We cannot safely answer questions for your specific situation and you should **always consult a doctor for medical advice**.

Bioinformatics questions not about biology

Questions regarding analytical methods, such as those related to bioinformatics or biological simulation, that do not ask explicitly about the underlying biology are considered off-topic. Please [edit] your question to address only your question relating to about biology or delete this question and visit another Stack Exchange site, especially [bioinformatics.se] including programming questions related to bioinformatics, or [so] for general programming, [stats.se] for statistics, [ai.se] for AI, and [su] for general computing.

Questions regarding analytical methods, such as those related to bioinformatics or biological simulation, that do not ask **explicitly** about the *underlying biology* are considered off-topic. Please [edit] your question to address only your question relating to about biology or delete this question and visit another Stack Exchange site, especially [bioinformatics.se] including programming questions related to bioinformatics, or [so] for general programming, [stats.se] for statistics, [ai.se] for AI, and [su] for general computing.

Do some thinking yourself
The first sentence doesn't necessarily need to be included, and should be altered to fit the question being asked. Basically, just try to communicate that this is not a tutorial site.

Unfortunately, this is not a tutorial site to explain every aspect of a given paper, concept, or idea. I strongly suggest you take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including what is on-topic and what is not, and how to ask a good question.

Unfortunately, this is not a tutorial site to explain every aspect of a given paper, concept, or idea. I strongly suggest you take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask).
You can also use this:

This is a Q&A site where specific questions relating to biology get specific answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including what is on-topic and what is not, and how to ask a good question.

This is a Q&A site where *specific* questions relating to biology get *specific* answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask).

Unclear what you're asking

Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the How to Ask page for help clarifying this question.

Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the [How to Ask](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask) page for help clarifying this question.

Text posted as an image

Please do not post text as images. Copy and paste the text into your question. Images are not searchable, and can not be interpreted by screen readers for those with visual impairments. Use the [edit] link to modify your question. See this for more information.

Please do not post text as images. Copy and paste the text into your question. Images are not searchable, and can not be interpreted by screen readers for those with visual impairments. Use the [edit] link to modify your question. See [this](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/285557/1426065) for more information.

Miscellaneous comments under bad questions

From the [help/dont-ask], If your motivation for asking the question is "I would like to participate in a discussion about ______", then you should not be asking here.

From the [help/dont-ask], *`If your motivation for asking the question is “I would like to participate in a discussion about ______”, then you should not be asking here.`*

From the [help/dont-ask]: Your questions should be reasonably scoped. If you can imagine an entire book that answers your question, you’re asking too much.

From the [help/dont-ask]: *`Your questions should be reasonably scoped. If you can imagine an entire book that answers your question, you’re asking too much.`*

Answers
Please accept an answer
This does not need to be posted by the author of the answer, and if possible shouldn't be to avoid being perceived as a reputation hog.

If this answer addressed your problem, please consider accepting it by clicking on the check mark/tick to the left of the answer, turning it green. This marks the question as resolved to your satisfaction, and awards reputation both to you and the person who answered. Once you have >= 15 reputation points, you may also upvote the answer if you wish. There is no obligation to do either.

If this answer [addressed your problem](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/someone-answers), please consider [accepting it](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/5234/how-does-accepting-an-answer-work) by clicking on the check mark/tick to the left of the answer, turning it green. This marks the question as resolved to your satisfaction, and awards [reputation](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation) both to you and the person who answered. Once you have >= 15 reputation points, you may also upvote the answer if you wish. There is no obligation to do either.

Answers that are really comments
In addition to posting this comment, please also flag the answer as "Not an answer" or "Very low quality".

This should be a comment, not an answer. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. You can always comment on your own posts, and once you have sufficient reputation you'll be able to comment on all posts. See here to learn about this limit and what you should do to earn this privilege. Comments posted as answers are subject to removal, or you can delete it yourself.

This should be a comment, not an answer. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. You can always comment on your own posts, and once you have sufficient [reputation](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation) you'll be able to [comment](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment) on all posts. See [here](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/214173) to learn about this limit and what you should do to earn this privilege. Comments posted as answers are subject to removal, or you can delete it yourself.

Answer needs references

Some of the information contained in this post requires additional references. Please [edit] to add citations to reliable sources that support the assertions made here. Unsourced material may be disputed or deleted.

Some of the information contained in this post requires additional references. Please [edit] to add citations to reliable sources that support the assertions made here. Unsourced material may be disputed or deleted.

Very short answers

We're looking for long answers that provide some explanation and context. Don't just give a one-line answer; explain why your answer is right, ideally with citations. Answers that don't include explanations may be removed.

We're looking for long answers that provide some explanation and context. Don't just give a one-line answer; explain why your answer is right, ideally with citations. Answers that don't include explanations may be removed.

Don't answer lousy questions

From How do I write a good answer? in the [help], Answer well-asked questions. Not all questions can or should be answered here.

From [How do I write a good answer?](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer) in the [help], *`Answer well-asked questions. Not all questions can or should be answered here.`*

Link-only answers

Link-only answers are generally not acceptable on Stack Exchange sites. The link may change or become unreachable in the future, and without a summary of what the link contains this answer would be useless. Please summarize what is in the link (don't just copy and paste) and use the link solely for reference. If you remove the link and the answer cannot stand on its own, it is not a good answer.

Link-only answers are generally not acceptable on Stack Exchange sites. The link may change or become unreachable in the future, and without a summary of what the link contains this answer would be useless. Please summarize what is in the link (**don't** just copy and paste) and use the link solely for reference. If you remove the link and the answer cannot stand on its own, it is not a good answer.

Useful links

Understanding Evolution from the University of California, Berkeley.

[Understanding Evolution](http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_01) from the University of California, Berkeley.

American Association of Physical Anthropologists' statement on Biological Aspects of Race.

American Association of Physical Anthropologists' statement on [Biological Aspects of Race](http://physanth.org/about/position-statements/biological-aspects-race/).

If you have additional comments or links you'd like to share, please edit this answer.

948: <p>Many questions on this site are from new/low-reputation users who may not know all of the common rules and expectations of Biology and SE sites in general. Compounding this is the fact that users below a certain reputation level cannot see close votes on their own questions, and may not understand downvotes that aren't adequately explained.</p>

<p>What are some good comments that could be used to educate these users?</p>
 3340: <p>Questions that are not vague/asking for tutorial but are too broad for the scope of the site.</p>

<blockquote>
Your question appears very broad; you can find entire books/reviews dedicated to this topic. Please narrow your question down and add sufficient details such that it is restricted to a specific issue and can be answered in a few paragraphs. 
</blockquote>
 16866: <p>Sometimes closing for &quot;homework&quot; is confusing to users if they truly are not asking for a homework assignment. More often, the flagged post simply just does not indicate the OP performed <em>any</em> previous research effort. Here's a comment that captures this lack-of-research concern a little more clearly for users confused about &quot;homework&quot; status...</p>
<h1> No Research Effort: </h1>
<blockquote>
<p>Hi [INSERT NAME]. Welcome to Bio.SE! What attempts to answer this question have you already taken? We ask that all question posters here attempt to search for an answer to their own question and explicitly indicate what research they've already done, what they learned, and what is still confusing or unknown to them. Our goal is not to simply be an answer site, but rather a site that promotes self-learning with some expert help along the way :). Please take a moment to edit your post with this additional detail, and it will likely be received more positively by our community. Thanks!</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Or if they are an existing member, simply remove the <code>Welcome to Bio.SE!</code> portion.</p>
<hr />
<p><strong>Alternative message that I saw @WYSIWYG use <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/questions/85007/sensitivity-of-fever-as-an-indicator-of-infectious-disease#comment151278_85007">here</a></strong>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Hi! Welcome to [biology.se]. In our site, we actively encourage users to put in an effort from their side towards finding the answer before asking. This effort is also usually dubbed as <em>homework</em>. If you provide context, background and show your own take on the question, then the question is not only easier to answer but is also useful for other people who visit the site to look for answers. Therefore, please [edit] to your question and add some details.</p>
</blockquote>
 948: <h2><strong>Please</strong> adapt these for the situation at hand, and don't just post them blindly.</h2>
<hr />
<p><strong>Please read the <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/editing-help#comment-formatting">comment editing help</a> page for a list of shortcuts you can use in comments (some of which I use below). Things like <code>[help]</code>, <code>[tour]</code>, <code>[edit]</code>, and shortcuts to other SE sites are very useful.</strong></p>
<p>This is organized into three sections: <strong>Questions</strong>, <strong>Answers</strong>, and <strong>Useful Links</strong>.</p>
<hr />
<h1>Questions</h1>
<h2><strong>Welcome/explain how site works</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Welcome to the Biology Stack Exchange. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic">what is on-topic</a> and <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask">what is not</a>, and how to <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask">ask a good question</a>. Please ensure your post is <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting">formatted correctly</a> as well.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Welcome to the Biology Stack Exchange. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask). Please ensure your post is [formatted correctly](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting) as well.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Too broad discussion/tutorial request questions</strong></h2>
<p>This takes the previous comment and changes the first sentence a bit.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is not a forum or tutorial service; it is a Q&amp;A site where <em>specific</em> questions relating to biology get <em>specific</em> answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic">what is on-topic</a> and <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask">what is not</a>, and how to <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask">ask a good question</a>. Please ensure your post is <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting">formatted correctly</a> as well.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>This is not a forum or tutorial service; it is a Q&amp;A site where *specific* questions relating to biology get *specific* answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask). Please ensure your post is [formatted correctly](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/formatting) as well.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2>General comment asking OP to actually <em>think</em> about their question. Useful for absolute garbage/unintelligible questions, and elsewhere as well.</h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Here's a hint on asking questions: Put yourself in the mind of another person - someone you might ask the question to. Then, carefully re-read the question and ask yourself <em>&quot;Do I understand what is being asked? Is there any other information that might be necessary to answer it? Is it grammatically well-formed, spelled correctly, and punctuated - in English? Does it fit with the rules of this site as defined in the [help]?&quot;</em> If the answer to one or more of those questions is <em>No</em>, then you need to work on your post some more. Please click the [edit] link to alter your question.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Here's a hint on asking questions: Put yourself in the mind of another person - someone you might ask the question to. Then, carefully re-read the question and ask yourself *&quot;Do I understand what is being asked? Is there any other information that might be necessary to answer it? Is it grammatically well-formed, spelled correctly, and punctuated - in English? Does it fit with the rules of this site as defined in the [help]?&quot;* If the answer to one or more of those questions is *No*, then you need to work on your post some more. Please click the [edit] link to alter your question.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Homework</strong></h2>
<p>This takes the standard close reason and adds some clarification to it. The last sentence doesn't <em>always</em> need to be included.</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Homework questions</strong> are off-topic on Biology <strong>unless you have shown your attempt at an answer</strong>. For more information see our <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework">homework policy</a>. &quot;<em>Homework</em>&quot; is interpreted to mean any academic or other assignment, test preparation, or task given in relation to a class, educational setting, or self-learning.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>**Homework questions** are off-topic on Biology **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. For more information see our [homework policy](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework). &quot;*Homework*&quot; is interpreted to mean any academic or other assignment, test preparation, or task given in relation to a class, educational setting, or self-learning.</code></p>
<p>or, you can use just the standard close text, which includes the homework policy link:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Homework questions</strong> are off-topic on Biology <strong>unless you have shown your attempt at an answer</strong>. For more information see our <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework">homework policy</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>**Homework questions** are off-topic on Biology **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. For more information see our [homework policy](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/homework).</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Questions with little or no prior research effort</strong></h2>
<p>Since a number of people (understandably) have issues with lumping general, poorly-researched questions in with homework, you can use this instead of the above:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>The Biology.SE community has agreed that <strong>questions that show little or no prior research effort</strong> are off-topic on this site <strong>unless you have shown your attempt at an answer</strong>. Please [edit] your question and tell us where you've looked for answers, what you <em>do</em> know about the topic, and where exactly you still have questions. Unresearched questions may be subject to down-voting and closure.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>The Biology.SE community has agreed that **questions that show little or no prior research effort** are off-topic on this site **unless you have shown your attempt at an answer**. Please [edit] your question and tell us where you've looked for answers, what you *do* know about the topic, and where exactly you still have questions. Unresearched questions may be subject to down-voting and closure.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Hypothetical questions</strong></h2>
<p>Questions that ask about hypothetical situations are off-topic. For example, <em><code>&quot;What would have happened if we had evolved the ability to do ______?&quot;</code></em> or <em><code>&quot;How would life be different if ______ hadn't happened?&quot;</code></em> <a href="http://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com">Worldbuilding</a> deals with hypotheticals all the time, as many contributors are writing science fiction and want to be as accurate as possible, so we can direct this kind of question to them.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is an opinion-based question because it is asking about a hypothetical situation. From the [help/dont-ask], <em><code>avoid asking subjective questions where … you are asking an open-ended, hypothetical question: “What if ______ happened?”</code></em> We expect answers to be based on verifiable facts and references, along with subject-related expertise. You may be able to get answers at [worldbuilding.se], but please read through their <a href="https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/help">help center</a> first.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>This is an opinion-based question because it is asking about a hypothetical situation. From the [help/dont-ask], *</code>avoid asking subjective questions where … you are asking an open-ended, hypothetical question: “What if ______ happened?”<code>* We expect answers to be based on verifiable facts and references, along with subject-related expertise. You may be able to get answers at [worldbuilding.se], but please read through their [help center](https://worldbuilding.stackexchange.com/help) first.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Medical Questions</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>Personal medical questions and health advice</strong> are off-topic on Biology. We cannot safely answer questions for your specific situation and you should <strong>always consult a doctor for medical advice</strong>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>**Personal medical questions and health advice** are off-topic on Biology. We cannot safely answer questions for your specific situation and you should **always consult a doctor for medical advice**.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Bioinformatics questions not about biology</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Questions regarding analytical methods, such as those related to bioinformatics or biological simulation, that do not ask <strong>explicitly</strong> about the <em>underlying biology</em> are considered off-topic. Please [edit] your question to address only your question relating to about biology or delete this question and visit another Stack Exchange site, especially [bioinformatics.se] including programming questions related to bioinformatics, or [so] for general programming, [stats.se] for statistics, [ai.se] for AI, and [su] for general computing.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Questions regarding analytical methods, such as those related to bioinformatics or biological simulation, that do not ask **explicitly** about the *underlying biology* are considered off-topic. Please [edit] your question to address only your question relating to about biology or delete this question and visit another Stack Exchange site, especially [bioinformatics.se] including programming questions related to bioinformatics, or [so] for general programming, [stats.se] for statistics, [ai.se] for AI, and [su] for general computing.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Do some thinking yourself</strong></h2>
<p>The first sentence doesn't necessarily need to be included, and should be altered to fit the question being asked. Basically, just try to communicate that this is not a tutorial site.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Unfortunately, this is not a tutorial site to explain every aspect of a given paper, concept, or idea. I strongly suggest you take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic">what is on-topic</a> and <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask">what is not</a>, and how to <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask">ask a good question</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Unfortunately, this is not a tutorial site to explain every aspect of a given paper, concept, or idea. I strongly suggest you take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask).</code></p>
<p>You can also use this:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This is a Q&amp;A site where <em>specific</em> questions relating to biology get <em>specific</em> answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic">what is on-topic</a> and <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask">what is not</a>, and how to <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask">ask a good question</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>This is a Q&amp;A site where *specific* questions relating to biology get *specific* answers. Please take the [tour] and carefully read through the [help] to learn more about the site, including [what is on-topic](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/on-topic) and [what is not](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/dont-ask), and how to [ask a good question](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask).</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Unclear what you're asking</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask">How to Ask</a> page for help clarifying this question.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Please clarify your specific problem or add additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it’s hard to tell exactly what you're asking. See the [How to Ask](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-ask) page for help clarifying this question.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Text posted as an image</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Please do not post text as images. Copy and paste the text into your question. Images are not searchable, and can not be interpreted by screen readers for those with visual impairments. Use the [edit] link to modify your question. See <a href="https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/285557/1426065">this</a> for more information.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Please do not post text as images. Copy and paste the text into your question. Images are not searchable, and can not be interpreted by screen readers for those with visual impairments. Use the [edit] link to modify your question. See [this](https://meta.stackoverflow.com/a/285557/1426065) for more information.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Miscellaneous comments under bad questions</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>From the [help/dont-ask], <em><code>If your motivation for asking the question is &quot;I would like to participate in a discussion about ______&quot;, then you should not be asking here.</code></em></p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>From the [help/dont-ask], *`If your motivation for asking the question is “I would like to participate in a discussion about ______”, then you should not be asking here.`*</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>From the [help/dont-ask]: <em><code>Your questions should be reasonably scoped. If you can imagine an entire book that answers your question, you’re asking too much.</code></em></p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>From the [help/dont-ask]: *`Your questions should be reasonably scoped. If you can imagine an entire book that answers your question, you’re asking too much.`*</code></p>
<hr />
<h1>Answers</h1>
<h2><strong>Please accept an answer</strong></h2>
<p>This does not need to be posted by the author of the answer, and if possible shouldn't be to avoid being perceived as a reputation hog.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>If this answer <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/someone-answers">addressed your problem</a>, please consider <a href="https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/5234/how-does-accepting-an-answer-work">accepting it</a> by clicking on the check mark/tick to the left of the answer, turning it green. This marks the question as resolved to your satisfaction, and awards <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation">reputation</a> both to you and the person who answered. Once you have &gt;= 15 reputation points, you may also upvote the answer if you wish. There is no obligation to do either.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>If this answer [addressed your problem](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/someone-answers), please consider [accepting it](https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/5234/how-does-accepting-an-answer-work) by clicking on the check mark/tick to the left of the answer, turning it green. This marks the question as resolved to your satisfaction, and awards [reputation](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation) both to you and the person who answered. Once you have &gt;= 15 reputation points, you may also upvote the answer if you wish. There is no obligation to do either.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Answers that are really comments</strong></h2>
<p>In addition to posting this comment, please also flag the answer as &quot;<strong>Not an answer</strong>&quot; or &quot;<strong>Very low quality</strong>&quot;.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>This should be a comment, not an answer. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. You can always comment on your own posts, and once you have sufficient <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation">reputation</a> you'll be able to <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment">comment</a> on all posts. See <a href="https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/214173">here</a> to learn about this limit and what you should do to earn this privilege. Comments posted as answers are subject to removal, or you can delete it yourself.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>This should be a comment, not an answer. To critique or request clarification from an author, leave a comment below their post. You can always comment on your own posts, and once you have sufficient [reputation](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/whats-reputation) you'll be able to [comment](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/privileges/comment) on all posts. See [here](https://meta.stackexchange.com/q/214173) to learn about this limit and what you should do to earn this privilege. Comments posted as answers are subject to removal, or you can delete it yourself.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Answer needs references</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Some of the information contained in this post requires additional references. Please [edit] to add citations to reliable sources that support the assertions made here. Unsourced material may be disputed or deleted.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Some of the information contained in this post requires additional references. Please [edit] to add citations to reliable sources that support the assertions made here. Unsourced material may be disputed or deleted.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Very short answers</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>We're looking for long answers that provide some explanation and context. Don't just give a one-line answer; explain why your answer is right, ideally with citations. Answers that don't include explanations may be removed.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>We're looking for long answers that provide some explanation and context. Don't just give a one-line answer; explain why your answer is right, ideally with citations. Answers that don't include explanations may be removed.</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Don't answer lousy questions</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>From <a href="https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer">How do I write a good answer?</a> in the [help], <em><code>Answer well-asked questions. Not all questions can or should be answered here.</code></em></p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>From [How do I write a good answer?](https://biology.stackexchange.com/help/how-to-answer) in the [help], *`Answer well-asked questions. Not all questions can or should be answered here.`*</code></p>
<hr />
<h2><strong>Link-only answers</strong></h2>
<blockquote>
<p>Link-only answers are generally not acceptable on Stack Exchange sites. The link may change or become unreachable in the future, and without a summary of what the link contains this answer would be useless. Please summarize what is in the link (<strong>don't</strong> just copy and paste) and use the link solely for reference. If you remove the link and the answer cannot stand on its own, it is not a good answer.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>Link-only answers are generally not acceptable on Stack Exchange sites. The link may change or become unreachable in the future, and without a summary of what the link contains this answer would be useless. Please summarize what is in the link (**don't** just copy and paste) and use the link solely for reference. If you remove the link and the answer cannot stand on its own, it is not a good answer.</code></p>
<hr />
<h1><strong>Useful links</strong></h1>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_01" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Understanding Evolution</a> from the University of California, Berkeley.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>[Understanding Evolution](http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_01) from the University of California, Berkeley.</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>American Association of Physical Anthropologists' statement on <a href="http://physanth.org/about/position-statements/biological-aspects-race/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Biological Aspects of Race</a>.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>American Association of Physical Anthropologists' statement on [Biological Aspects of Race](http://physanth.org/about/position-statements/biological-aspects-race/).</code></p>
<hr />
<p>If you have additional comments or links you'd like to share, please edit this answer.</p>
