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477

Falsification of accounts

Content: 477A. Falsification of accounts Whoever, being a clerk, officer or servant, or employed or acting in the capacity of a clerk, officer or servant, willfully, and with intent to defraud, destroys, alters, mutilates or falsifies any book, paper, writing, valuable security or account which belongs to or is in the possession of his employer, or has been received by him for or on behalf of his employer, or willfully, and with intent to defraud, makes or abets the making of any false entry in, or omits or alters or abets the omission or alteration of any material particular from or in, any such book, paper, writing, valuable security or account, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both. Explanation- It shall be sufficient in any charge under this section to allege a general intent to defraud without naming any particular person intended to be defrauded or specifying any particular sum of money intended to be the subject of the fraud, or any particular day on which the offence was committed.] 175 [Of] 176 [***]Property and Other Marks --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

479

Property mark

Content: 479. Property mark A mark used for denoting that movable property belongs to a particular person is called a property mark. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

480

Using a false trade mark: Repealed by the Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958, w.e.f. 25th. November, 1959

Content: 480. Using a false trade mark: Repealed by the Trade and Merchandise Marks Act, 1958, w.e.f. 25th. November, 1959] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

481

Using a false property mark

Content: 481. Using a false property mark Whoever marks any movable property or goods or any case, package or other receptacle containing movable property or goods, or uses any case, package or other receptacle having any mark thereon, in a manner reasonably calculated to cause it to be believed that the property or goods so marked, or any property or goods contained in any such receptacle so marked, belong to a person to whom they do not belong, is said to use a false property mark. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

482

Punishment for using a false property mark

Content: 482. Punishment for using a false property mark Whoever uses 177 [***] any false property mark shall, unless he proves that he acted without intent to defraud, be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

483

Counterfeiting a property mark used by another

Content: 483. Counterfeiting a property mark used by another Whoever counterfeits any 178 [***] property mark used by any other person shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

484

Counterfeiting a mark used by a public servant

Content: 484. Counterfeiting a mark used by a public servant Whoever counterfeits any property mark used by a public servant, or any mark used by a public servant to denote that any property has been manufactured by a particular person or at a particular time or place, or that the property is of a particular quality or has passed through a particular office, or that it is entitled to any exemption, or uses as genuine any such mark knowing the same to be counterfeited, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, and shall also be liable to fine.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

485

Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark

Content: 485. Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark Whoever makes or has in his possession any die, plate or other instrument for the purpose of counterfeiting a property mark, or has in his possession a property mark for the purpose of denoting that any goods belong to a person to whom they do not belong, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years or with fine, or with both.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

486

Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark

Content: 486. Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark 180 [Whoever sells, or exposes, or has in possession for sale, any goods or things with a counterfeit property mark] affixed to or impressed upon the same or to or upon any case, package or other receptacle in which such goods are contained, shall, unless he proves- (a) that, having taken all reasonable precautions against committing an offence against this section, he had at the time of the commission of the alleged offence no reason to suspect the genuineness of the mark, and (b) that, on demand made by or on behalf of the prosecutor, he gave all the information in his power with respect to the persons from whom he obtained such goods or things, or (c) that otherwise he had acted innocently. be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

487

Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods

Content: [487. Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods Whoever makes any false mark upon any case, package or other receptacle containing goods, in a manner reasonably calculated to cause any public servant or any other person to believe that such receptacle contains goods which it does not contain or that it does riot contain goods which it does contain, or that the goods contained in such receptacle are of a nature or quality different from the real nature or quality thereof, shall, unless he proves that he acted without intent to defraud, be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

488

Punishment for making use of any such false mark

Content: 488. Punishment for making use of any such false mark Whoever makes use of any such false mark in any manner prohibited by the last foregoing section shall, unless he proves that he acted without intent to defraud, be punished as if he had committed an offence against that section.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury

Content: 489. Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury Whoever removes, destroys, defaces or adds to any property mark, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby cause injury to any person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both.] 183 [Of Currency-Notes and Bank-Notes] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes

Content: 489A. Counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes Whoever counterfeits, or knowingly performs any part of the process of counterfeiting, any currency-note or bank-note, shall be punished with 152 [imprisonment for life], or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation- For the purposes of this section and of sections 489B, 184 [489C, 489D and 489E], the expression "bank-note" means a promissory note or engagement for the payment of money to bearer on demand issued by any person carrying on the business of banking in any part of the world, or issued by or under the authority of any State or Sovereign Power, and intended to be used as equivalent to, or as, a substitute for money.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank- notes

Content: 489B. Using as genuine, forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank- notes Whoever sells to, or buys or receives from, any other person, or otherwise traffics in or uses as genuine, any forged or counterfeit currency-note or bank-note, knowing or having reason to believe the same to be forged or counterfeit, shall be punished with 152 [imprisonment for life], or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Possession of forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-notes

Content: 489C. Possession of forged or counterfeit currency-notes or bank-notes Whoever has in his possession any forged or counterfeit currency-note or bank-note, knowing or having reason to believe the same to be forged or counterfeit and intending to use the same as genuine or that it may be used as genuine, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes

Content: 489D. Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting currency-notes or bank-notes Whoever makes, or performs, any part of the process of making, or buys or sells or disposes of, or has in his possession, any machinery, instrument or material for the purpose of being. used, or knowing or having reason to believe that it is intended to be used, for forging or counterfeiting any currency-note or bank-note, shall be punished with 152 [imprisonment for life], or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

489

Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes

Content: [489E. Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes (1) Whoever makes, or causes to be made, or uses for any purpose whatsoever, or delivers to any person, any document purporting to be, or in any way resembling, or so nearly resembling as to be calculated to deceive any currency-note or bank-note shall be punished with fine which may extend to one hundred rupees. (2) If any person, whose name appears on a document the making of which is an offence under sub-section (1), refuses, without lawful excuse, to disclose to a police officer on being so required the name and address of the person by whom it was printed or otherwise made, he shall be punished with fine which may extend to two hundred rupees. (3) Where the name of any person appears on any document in respect of which any person is charged with an offence under sub-section (1) or on any other document used or distributed in connection with that document it may, until the contrary is proved, be presumed that person caused the document to be made.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

491

Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person

Content: 491. Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person Whoever, being. bound by a lawful contract to attend on or to supply the wants of any person who, by reason of youth, or of unsoundness of mind, or of a disease or bodily weakness, is helpless or incapable of providing for his own safety or of supplying his own wants, voluntarily omits so to do, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three months, or with fine which may extend to two hundred rupees, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

493

Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage

Content: 493. Cohabitation caused by a man deceitfully inducing a belief of lawful marriage Every man who by deceit causes any woman who is not lawfully married to him to believe that she is lawfully married to him and to cohabit or have sexual intercourse with him in that belief, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

494

Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife

Content: 494. Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife Whoever, having a husband or wife living, marries in any case in which such marriage is void by reason of its taking place during the life of such husband or wife, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. Exception- This section does not extend to any person whose marriage with such husband or wife has been declared void by a court of competent jurisdiction, nor to any person who contracts a marriage during. the life of a former husband or wife, if such husband or wife, at the time of the subsequent marriage, shall have been continually absent from such person for the space of seven years, and shall not have been heard of by such person as being alive within that time provided the person contracting such subsequent marriage shall, before such marriage takes place, inform the person with whom such marriage is contracted of the real state of facts so far as the same are with in his or her knowledge. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

495

Same offence with concealment of former marriage from person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted

Content: 495. Same offence with concealment of former marriage from person with whom subsequent marriage is contracted Whoever commits the offence defined in the last preceding section having concealed from the person with whom the subsequent marriage is contracted, the fact of the former marriage, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

496

Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage

Content: 496. Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage Whoever, dishonestly or with a fraudulent intention, goes through the ceremony of being married, knowing that he is not thereby lawfully married, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

497

Adultery

Content: 497. Adultery Whoever has sexual intercourse with a person who is and whom he knows or has reason to believe to be the wife of another man, without the consent or connivance of that man, such sexual intercourse not amounting to the offence of rape, is guilty of the offence of adultery, and shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both. In such case the wife shall be punishable as an abettor. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

498

Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman

Content: 498. Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman Whoever takes or entices away any woman who is and whom he knows or has reason to believe to be the wife of any other man, from that man, or from any person having the care of her on behalf of that man, with intent that she may have illicit intercourse with any person, or conceals or detains with that intent any such woman, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

498

Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty

Content: 498A. Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the husband of a woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine. Explanation- For the purpose of this section, "cruelty" means- (a) any willful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely to drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the woman; or (b) harassment of the woman where such harassment is with a view to coercing her or any person related to her to meet any unlawful demand for any property or valuable security or is on account of failure by her or any person related to her to meet such demand.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

499

Defamation

Content: 499. Defamation Whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs or by visible representations, makes or publishes any imputation concerning any person intending to harm, or knowing or having reason to believe that such imputation will harm, the reputation of such person, is said, except in the cases hereinafter expected, to defame that person. Explanation 1- It may amount to defamation to impute anything to a deceased person, if the imputation would harm the reputation of that person if living, and is intended to be hurtful to the feelings of his family or other near relatives. Explanation 2- It may amount to defamation to make an imputation concerning a company or an association or collection of persons as such. Explanation 3- An imputation in the form of an alternative or expressed ironically, may amount to defamation. Explanation 4- No imputation is said to harm a person's reputation, unless that imputation directly or indirectly, in the estimation of others, lowers the moral or intellectual character of that person, or lowers the character of that person in respect of his caste or of his calling, or lowers the credit of that person, or causes it to be believed that the body of that person is in a loath some state, or in a state generally considered as disgraceful. Illustrations (a) A says-"Z is an honest man; he never stole B's watch"; intending to cause it to be believed that Z did steal B's watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. (b) A is asked who stole B's watch. A points to Z, intending to cause it to be believed that Z stole B's watch. This is defamation unless it fall within one of the exceptions. (c) A draws a picture of Z running away with B's watch, intending it to be believed that Z stole B's watch. This is defamation, unless it fall within one of the exceptions. First Exception- imputation of truth which public good, requires to be made or published-   It is not defamation to impute anything which is true concerning any person, if it be for the public good that the imputation should be made or published. Whether or not it is for the public good is a question of fact. Second Exception- Public conduct of public servants- It is not defamation to express in a good faith any opinion whatever respecting the conduct of a public servant in the discharge of his public functions, or respecting his character, so far as his character appears in that conduct, and no further. Third Exception- Conduct of any person touching any public question- It is not defamation to express in good faith any opinion whatever respecting the conduct of any person touching any public question, and respecting his character, so far as his character appears in that conduct, and no further. Illustration it is not defamation in A to express in good faith any opinion whatever respecting Z's conduct in petitioning Government on a public question, in signing a requisition for a meeting on a public question, in presiding or attending a such meeting, in forming or joining any society which invites the public support, in voting or canvassing for a particular candidate for any situation in the efficient discharges of the duties of which the public is interested. Fourth Exception- Publication of reports of proceedings of Courts- It is not defamation to publish substantially true report of the proceedings of a Court of Justice, or of the result of any such proceedings. Explanation- A Justice of the Peace or other officer holding an inquiry in open Court preliminary to a trial in a Court of Justice, is a Court within the meaning of the above section. Fifth Exception- Merits of case decided in Court or conduct of witnesses and others concerned- It is not defamation to express in good faith any opinion whatever respecting the merits of any case, civil or criminal, which has been decided by a Court of Justice, or respecting the conduct of any person as a party, witness or agent, in any such case, or respecting the character of such person, as far as his character appears in that conduct, and no further. Illustrations (a) A says-"I think Z's evidence on that trial is so contradictory that he must be stupid or dishonest". A is within this exception if he says this is in good faith, in as much as the opinion which he expresses respects Z's character as it appears in Z's conduct as a witness, and no further. (b) But if A says-"I do not believe what Z asserted at that trial because 1 know him to be a man without veracity"; A is not within this exception, in as much as the opinion which he express of Z's character, is an opinion not founded on Z's conduct as a witness. Sixth Exception- Merits of public performance- It is not defamation to express in good faith any opinion respecting the merits of any performance which its author has submitted to the judgment of the public, or respecting the character of the author so far as his character appears in such performance, and no further. Explanation- A performance may be substituted to the judgment of the public expressly or by acts on the part of the author which imply such submission to the judgment of the public. Illustrations (a) A person who publishes a book, submits that book to the judgment of the public. (b) A person who makes a speech in public, submits that speech to the judgment of the public. (c) An actor or singer who appears on a public stage, submits his acting or signing in the judgment of the public. (d) A says of a book published by Z- "Z's book is foolish; Z must be a weak man. Z's book is indecent; Z must be a man of impure mind". A is within the exception, if he says this in good faith, in as much as the opinion which he expresses of Z respects Z's character only so far as it appears in Z's book, and no further. (e) But if A says-"I am not surprised that Z's book is foolish and indecent, for he is a weak man and a libertines. A is not within this exception, in as much as the opinion which he expresses of Z's character is an opinion not founded on Z's book. Seventh Exception- Censure passed in good faith by person having lawful authority over another- It is not defamation in a person having over another any authority, either conferred by law or arising out of a lawful contract made with that other, to pass in good faith any censure on the conduct of that other in matters to which such lawful authority relates. Illustration A Judge censuring in good faith the conduct of a witness, or of an officer of the Court; a head of a department censuring in good faith those who are under his orders; a parent censuring in good faith a child in the presence of other children; a schoolmaster, whose authority is derived from a parent, censuring in good faith a pupil in the presence of other pupils; a master censuring a servant in good faith for remissness in service; a banker censuring in good faith the cashier of his bank for the conduct of such cashier as such cashier-are within the exception. Eight Exception- Accusation preferred in good faith to authorized person-  It is not defamation to prefer in good faith an accusation against any person to any of those who have lawful authority over that person with respect to the subject-matter of accusation. Illustration If A in good faith accuse Z before a Magistrate; if A in good faith complains of the conduct of Z, a servant, to Z's master; if A in good faith complains of the conduct of Z, and child, to Z's father-A is within this exception. Ninth Exception- Imputation made in good faith by person for protection of his or other's interests- It is not defamation to make an imputation on the character of another provided that the imputation be made in good faith for the protection of the interests of the person making it, or of any other person, or for the public good. Illustrations (a) A, a shopkeeper, says to B, who manages his business-"Sell nothing to Z unless he pays you ready money, for 1 have no opinion of his honesty". A is with in the exception, if he has made this imputation on Z in good faith for the protection of his own interests. (b) A, a Magistrate, in making a report of his own superior officer, casts an imputation on the character of Z. Here, if the imputation is made in good faith, and for the public good, A is within the exception. Tenth Exception- Caution intended for good of person to whom conveyed or for public good- it is not defamation to convey a caution, in good faith, to one person against another, provided that such caution be intended for the good of the person to whom it is conveyed, or of some person in whom that person is interested, or for the public good. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

500

Punishment for defamation

Content: 500. Punishment for defamation Whoever defames another shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

501

Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory

Content: 501. Printing or engraving matter known to be defamatory Whoever prints or engraves any matter, knowing or having good reason to believe that such matter is defamatory of any person, shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

502

Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter

Content: 502. Sale of printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter Whoever. sells or offers for sale any printed or engraved substance containing defamatory matter, knowing that it contains such matter, shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

503

Criminal intimidation

Content: 503. Criminal intimidation Whoever threatens another with any injury to his person, reputation or property, or to the person or reputation of any one in whom that person is interested, with intent to cause alarm to that person, or to cause that person to do any act which he is not legally bound to do, or to omit to do any act which that person is legally entitled to do, as the means of avoiding the execution of such threat, commits criminal intimidation. Explanation- A threat to injure the reputation of any deceased person in whom the person threatened is interested, is within this section. Illustration A, for the purpose of inducing B to desist from prosecuting a civil suit, threatens to burn B's house. A is guilty of criminal intimidation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

504

Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace

Content: 504. Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of the peace Whoever intentionally insults, and thereby gives provocation to any person, intending or knowing it to be likely that such provocation will cause him to break the public peace, or to commit any other. offence, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

505

Statements conducting to public mischief.

Content: 505. Statements conducting to public mischief. 188 [(1) Whoever makes, publishes or circulates any statement, rumor or report,- (a) with intent to cause, or which is likely to cause, any officer, soldier, 189 [sailor or airman] in the Army, 190 [Navy or Air Force] 191 [of India] to mutiny or otherwise disregard or fail in his duty as such; or (b) with intent to cause, or which is likely to cause, fear or alarm to the public, or to any section of the public whereby any person may be induced to commit an offence against the State or against the public tranquility; or (c) with intent to incite, or which is likely to incite, any class or community of persons to commit any offence against any other class or community; shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to 192 [three years], or with fine, or with both. 193 [(2) Statements creating or promoting enmity, hatred or ill-will between classes Whoever makes, publishes or circulates any statement or report containing rumor or alarming news with intent to create or promote, or which is likely to create or promote, on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, caste or community or any other ground whatsoever, feelings of enmity, hatred or ill-will between different religious, racial, language or regional groups or castes or communities, shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both. (1) Offence under sub-section (2) committed in place of worship, etc- Whoever commits an offence specified in sub-section (2) in any place of worship or in an assembly engaged in the performance of religious worship or religious ceremonies, shall be punished with imprisonment which may extend to five years and shall also be liable to fine.] Exception- It does not amount to an offence, within the meaning. of this section when the person making, publishing or circulating any such statement, rumor or report, has reasonable grounds for believing that such statement, rumor or report is true and makes, publishes or circulates it 193 [in good faith and] without any such intent as aforesaid.] --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

506

Punishment for criminal intimidation

Content: 506. Punishment for criminal intimidation Whoever commits, the offence of criminal intimidation shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both; If threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, etc- and if the threat be to cause death or grievous hurt, or to cause the destruction of any property by fire, or to cause an offence punishable with death or 152 [imprisonment for life], or with imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years, or to impute, unchastity to a woman, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, or With fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

507

Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication

Content: 507. Criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication Whoever commits the offence of criminal intimidation by an anonymous communication, or having taken precaution to conceal the name or abode of the person from whom the threat comes, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, in addition to the punishment provided for the offence by the last preceding section. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

508

Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of the Divine displeasure

Content: 508. Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of the Divine displeasure Whoever voluntarily causes or attempts to cause any person to do anything which that person is not legally bound to do, or to omit to do anything which he is legally entitled to do, by inducing or attempting to induce that person to believe that he or any person in whom he is interested will become or will be rendered by some act of the offender an object of Divine displeasure if he does not do the thing which it is the object of the offender to cause him to do, or if he does the thing which it is the object of the offender to cause him to omit, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both. Illustrations (a) A sits dharna at Z's door with the intention of causing it to be believed that, by so sitting, he renders Z an object of Divine displeasure. A has committed the offence defined in this section. (b) A threatens Z that, unless Z performs a certain act, A will kill one of A's own children, under such circumstances that the killing would be believed to render Z an object of Divine displeasure. A has committed the offence defined in this section. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

509

Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a woman

Content: 509. Word, gesture or act intended to insult the modesty of a woman Whoever, intending to insult the modesty of any woman, utters any word, makes any sound or gesture, or exhibits any object, intending that such word or sound shall be heard, or that such gesture or object shall be seen, by such woman, or intrudes upon the privacy of such woman, shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

510

Misconduct in public by a drunken person

Content: 510. Misconduct in public by a drunken person Whoever, in a state of intoxication, appears in any public place, or in any place which it is a trespass in him to enter, and there conducts himself in such a manner as to cause annoyance to any person, shall be punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to twenty-four hours, or with fine which may extend to ten rupees, or with both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

511

Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment

Content: 511. Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment Whoever attempts to commit an offence punishable by this Code with 152 [imprisonment for life] or imprisonment, or to cause such an offence to be committed, and in such attempt does any act towards the commission of the offence, shall, where no express provision is made by this Code for the punishment of such attempt, be punished with 194 [imprisonment of any description provided for the offence, for a term which may extend to one-half of the imprisonment for life or, as the case may be, one-half of the longest term of imprisonment provided for that offence], or with such fine as is provided for the offence, or with both. Illustrations (a) A makes an attempt to steal some jewels by breaking open a box, and finds after so opening the box, that there is no jewel in it. He has done an act towards the commission of theft, and therefore is guilty under this section. (b) A makes an attempt to pick the pocket of Z by thrusting his hand into Z's pocket. A fails in the attempt in consequence of Zs having nothing in his pocket. A is guilty under this section. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

511

Foot Notes

Content: Foot Notes 1. IPC extended to Berar by the Berar Laws Act, 1941 and declared in force in- Sonthal Parganas, by the Sonthal Parganas Settlement Regulation, 1872. Panth Piploda, by the Panth Piploda Laws Regulation, 1929; Khondmals District, by the Khondmals Laws Regulation, 1936; and Angul District, by the Angul Laws Regulation, 1936. It has been declared under section 3(a) of the Scheduled Districts Act, 1874 to be in force in the following Scheduled Districts, namely the United Provinces Tarai Districts, see Gazette of India, 1876. Pt. 1. p. 505; the Districts of Hazaribagh. Lohardaga (now called the Ranchi District) and Manbhum and Parganas. Dhalbhum and the Kolhan in the District of Singhbhum, see Gazette of India, 1881, Pt. 1, p. 504. It has been extended under section 5 of the same Act to the Lushai Hills,  see Gazette of India, 1898, Pt. 11, p. 345. The Act has been extended to Goa, Daman and Diu by Reg. 12 of 1962; to Dadra and Nagar Haveli by Reg. 6 of 1963; to Pondicherry by Reg. 7 of 1963 and to Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindivi Islands by Reg. 8 of 1965. It has been extended to the State of Sikkim w.e.f. 13th. September, 1994 vide Notification No. S.O. 516(E), dated 9th. July, 1994. 2. The words "British India" have successively been substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950 and Act 3 of 1951 to read as above. 3. Successively been amended by Act 12 of 1891, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1948 and the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 to read as above. 4. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951, for the words "except Part B States". 5. The original words "the said territories" have successively been amended by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 and Act 3 of 1951 to read as above. 6. The words and figures "on or after the said first day of May, 1861" omitted by Act 12 of 1891. 7. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937 for the words "law passed by the Governor General of India in Council". 8. The original words "the limits of the said territories" have successively been amended by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 and Act 3 of 1951 to read as above. 9. Substituted by Act 4 of 1898, for the original section. 10. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950, for clauses (1) to (4). 11. Substituted by Act 36 of 1957, for the word "Illustrations". 12. The brackets and letter "(a)" omitted by Act 36 of 1957. 13. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, for the words "a coolie, who is a Native Indian subject". 14. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the words "a British subject of Indian domicile". 15. Illustrations (b), (c) and (d) omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950. 16. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the original section. 17. The word and letter "Part A" omitted by Act 3 of 1951. 18. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951, for the former section which was inserted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950. 19. Omitted by the Madras Civil Courts Act, 1873. 20. Clause First omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950. 21. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927, for the words "or Naval". 22. The original words "of the Queen while serving under the Government of India or any Government" have successively been amended by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948 and the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950. 23. The former clause substituted by Act 40 of 1964. 24. Inserted by Act 40 of 1964. 25. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the words "the Crown". 26. Omitted by Act 40 of 1964. 27. Inserted by Act 39 of 1920. 28. Explanation 4 inserted by Act 2 of 1959 and omitted by Act 40 of 1964. 29. Earlier Explanation substituted by Act 1 of 1889. 30. Earlier section substituted by Act 27 of 1870. 31. Substituted by Act 8 of 1930 for the word "Chapter". 32. Inserted by Act 8 of 1913. 33. Inserted by Act 8 of 1882. 34. Inserted by Act 10 of 1886. 35. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, for the words "British India". 36. The words "the territories comprised in" omitted by Act 48 of 1952. 37. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951, for the words "the States". 38. Inserted by Act 8 of 1942. 39. Substituted by Act 26 of 1955 for the words "Secondly-Transportation", w.e.f. 1st. January, 1956. 40. Clause Thirdly omitted by Act 17 of 1949, w.e.f. 6th. April, 1949. 41. Inserted by Act 26 of 1955, w.e.f. 1st. January, 1956. 42. Substituted by Act 36 of 1957 for the figures "1954". 43. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 for the words "the Central Government or the Provincial Government of the Province within which the offender shall have been sentenced". 44. Substituted by Act 26 of 1955, section 117 for the word "transportation", w.e.f. 1st. January, 1956. 45. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for- "The Provincial Government of the Province within which the offender shall have been sentenced". 46. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for section 55A which had been inserted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1937. 47. Substituted by Act 8 of 1882 for the words "In every case in which an offender is sentenced to a fine". 48. Substituted by Act 8 of 1882 for the words "be less than a". 48A. Earlier section substituted by Act 3 of 1910. 49. The words "British India" have successively been Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 and Act 3 of 1951. 50. The word "or" at the end of clause (a) and clause (b) omitted by Act 3 of 1951. 51. Substituted by Act 26 of 1955 for the words "transportation for life", w.e.f. 1st. January, 1956. 52. Added by Act 4 of 1898. 53. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the word "Queen". 54. Substituted by Act 16 of 1921 for the words "and shall forfeit all his property". 55. Illustration (b) omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950. 56. Inserted by Act 27 of 1870. 57. The words "or to deprive the Queen of the sovereignty of the Provinces or of any part thereof" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950. 58. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937, for the words "the Government of India" or any "Local Government". 59. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the word "Provincial". 60.The words "or the Government of Burma" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948. 61. Substituted by Act 26 of 1955 for the words "transportation for life or any shorter term", w.e.f. 1st. January, 1956. 62.Inserted by Act 16 of 1921 for the words "and shall forfeit all his property". 63. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950, for the words "Governor General". 64. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951 for the word "Governor". 65. The words "or Rajpramukh" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1956. 66. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950 for the word "Province". 67. The words "or a Lieutenant-Governor" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937. 68. The words "or a Member of the Council of the Governor General of India" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1948. 69. The words "or of the Council of any Presidency" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1937. 70. The original words "Governor General, Governor, Lieutenant-Governor or Member of Council" have successfully been amended by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,   1937, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1948 and the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950 to read as above. 71. Substituted by Act 4 of 1898 for the original section 124A. 72.The words "Her Majesty or" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950. The words "or the Crown Representative inserted after the word "Majesty" by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1937 were omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1948. 73. The words "or British India" inserted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1937 omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1948. 74. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words "and Navy". 75. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words "or sailor". 76. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words "or Navy". 77. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words "and soldier". 78. Inserted by Act 35 of 1934. 79. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words and figures "Articles of War for the better government of Her Majesty's Army, or to the Articles of war contained in Act No. 5 of 1869". 80. Substituted by Act 3 of 1951 for the words and figures "the Indian Army Act, 1911". 81. The words "or that Act as modified by" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,   1950. 82. Now see the Navy Act, 1957. 83. Substituted by Act 14 of 1932 for the words "or the Air Force Act". 84. Substituted by Act 3 of 1956 for the words and figures "the Indian Air Force Act, 1932" 85. Substituted by Act 10 of 1927 for the words "any Article of War for the Army- or Navy of the Queen, or for any part of such Army of Navy". 86. The words "or that Act as modified" omitted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order, 1950. 87. Substituted by The Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950 for the words "Central or any Provincial Government or legislature". 88. Substituted by Act 35 of 1969 for the former section. 89. Inserted by Act 31 of 1972. 90. Chapter IXA inserted by Act 39 of 1920. 91. Substituted by Act 40 of 1975 for clause (a). 92. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950, for. "Supreme Court". 93. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950, for the words "Zillah Judge". 94 Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950, for the words "Zillah Court". 95. Inserted by Act 22 of 1939. 96. Omitted by Act 17 of 1862. 97. Inserted Added by Act 3 of 1894. 98. Substituted by the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1948, the Govt. of India (Adaptation of Indian Laws) Order,  1950 and Act 3 of 1951. 99. Inserted by Act 10 of 1873. 100. Substituted by Act 3 of 1895 101. The words "or before a Military Court of Request" repeated by Act No. 13 of 1889. 102. Substituted by the A.O. 1948, for the words "by the law of British India or England". 103. Substituted by Act No. 3 of 1951 for the words "the States". 104. Substituted by Act No. 26 of 1955 for the words "transportation for life", w.e.f. 1st January, 1956. 105. Substituted by Act No. 26 of 1955 for the words "such transportation", w.e.f. 1st January, 1956. 106. Added by Act No. 3 of 1894. 107. Substituted by the A.O. 1948, the A.O. 1950 and Act No. 3 of 1951 to read as above. 108. Inserted by Act No. 3 of 1894. 109. Substituted by Act No. 3 of 1951. 110. Substituted by Act No. 42 of 1953 for the words "to restore or cause the restoration". 111. Substituted by Act No. 8 of 1882 for the original Exception. 112. Illustrations repealed by Act No. 10 of 1882. 113. Inserted by Act No. 10 of 1886. 114 . The words "or under the Fugitive Offenders Act, 1881," omitted by Act No. 3 of 1951. 115. Inserted by Act No. 27 of 1870. 116. The words "or penal servitude for life" omitted by Act No. 17 of 1949, w.e.f. 6th April, 1949. 117. The words "or to" omitted by Act No. 36 of 1957. 118. The word "transportation" omitted by Act No. 26 of 1955, w.e.f. 1st January, 1956. 119. The words "or penal servitude" omitted by Act No. 17 of 1949, w.e.f. 6th January, 1949. 120. Inserted by Act No. 27 of 1870. 121. The words "penal servitude" omitted by Act No. 17 of 1949, w.e.f. 6th April, 1949. 122. Sections 225A and 225B substituted by Act No. 10 of 1886. 123. Inserted by Act No. 43 of 1983. 124. Substituted by Act No. 19 of 1872 for the original first paragraph. 125. Substituted by A.O. 1950, for the former paragraph. 126.Substituted by the A.O. 1950, for the words "the Queen's coin". 127. Inserted by Act No. 6 of 1896. 128. Substituted by the A.O. 1948, the A.O. 1950 and Act No. 3 of 1951. 129. Substituted by the A.O. 1950, for the words "Queen's coin". 130. Substituted by the A.O. 1950, for the words "any of the Queen's coin". 131. Inserted by Act No. 3 of 1895. 132.Substituted by Act No. 42 of 1953, for the words "may be seized and". 133. The word "and" omitted by Act No. 42 of 1953. 134. Substituted by the A.O. 1937, for the words "by the Government of India or by any Government". 135. The words "Central or any Provincial" omitted by the A.O. 1950. 136. The words "or the Crown Representative" omitted by the A.O. 1948. 137. Substituted by Act No. 8 of 1925. 138. Inserted by Act No. 36 of 1969. 139. Section 292 renumbered as sub-section (2) of that section by Act No. 36 of 1969. 140. Substituted by Act No. 36 of 1969. 141. Substituted by Act No. 3 of 1895. 142. Substituted by the A.O. 1937, for the words "not authorized by Government". 143. Substituted by Act No. 3 of 1951 for the words "a lottery organized by the Central Government or the Government of a Part A State or a Part B State". 144. Substituted by the A.O. 1950, for the words "Provincial". 145. Inserted by Act No. 25 of 1927. 146. Substituted by the A.O. 1950, for the words "His Majesty's subjects". 147. Substituted by Act No. 41 of 1961. 148. Substituted by Act No. 41 of 1961 for the words "two years". 149. Inserted by Act No. 43 of 1986, w.e.f 19th November, 1986. 150. Inserted by Act No. 12 of 1891. 151. Substituted by Act No. 8 of 1882 for the words "and shall also be liable to fine". 152. Substituted by Act No. 26 of 1955 for the words "transportation for life", w.e.f. 1st January, 1956. 153. Inserted by Act No. 8 of 1882. 154. Substituted by the A.O. 1948, the A.O. 1950 and Act No. 3 of 1951. 155. Substituted by Act No. 42 of 1949 for the words "fourteen". 156. Substituted by Act No. 42 of 1949 for the words "sixteen". 157. Inserted by Act No. 52 of 1959 w.e.f. 15th January, 1960. 158 Inserted by Act No. 42 of 1993, w.e.f. 22nd May, 1993. 159. Substituted by Act No. 24 of 1995, for the words "any other person", w.e.f. 26th May, 1995. 160. Inserted by Act No. 20 of 1923. 161. Substituted by Act No. 3 of 1951. 162. Inserted by Act No. 3 of 1951. 163. Omitted by Act No. 3 of 1951. 164. Substituted by Act No. 18 of 1924. 165. Inserted by Act No. 18 of 1924. 166. Substituted by Act No. 43 of 1983 for the heading "Of rape". 167. Substituted by Act No. 43 of 1983 for former sections 375 and 376. 168. Inserted by Act No. 40 of 1973, w.e.f. 1st November, 1973. 169. Explanation renumbered as Explanation 1 by Act No. 38 of 1975, w.e.f. 1st September, 1975. 170. Inserted by Act No. 33 of 1988, w.e.f. 1st August, 1988. 171. Inserted by Act No. 38 of 1975, w.e.f. 1st September, 1975. 172. The words "the" and "offence of" omitted by Act No. 12 of 1891 and Act No. 8 of 1882 respectively. 173. The words "TRADE OR" omitted by Act No.  43 of 1958, w.e.f. 25th November, 1959. 174. Added by Act No. 3 of 1895. 175. Substituted by Act No. 4 of 1889 for the original heading and sections 478 to 489. 176. The word "Trade" omitted by Act No. 43 of 1958, w.e.f. 25th November, 1959. 177. The words "any false trade mark or" omitted by Act No. 43 of 1958, w.e.f. 25th November, 1959. 178. The words "trade mark or" omitted by Act No. 43 of 1958, w.e.f. 25th November, 1959. 179. Substituted by Act No. 4 of 1889 for the original section 484. 180. Substituted by Act No. 43 of 1958, w.e.f. 25th November, 1959. 181. Substituted by Act 4 of 1889 for the original section 486. 182. Substituted by Act No. 4 of 1889. 183. Inserted by Act No. 12 of 1899. 184. Substituted by Act No. 35 of 1950 for the words and figures "489C and 489D". 185. Inserted by Act No. 6 of 1943. 186. Inserted by Act No. 46 of 1983. 187. Substituted by Act No. 4 of 1898 for the original section. 188. Section 505 renumbered as sub-section (1) of that section by Act No. 35 of 1969. 189. Substituted by Act No. 10 of 1927 for the words "or sailor". 190. Substituted by Act No. 10 of 1927 for the words "or Navy". 191. Substituted by the A.O. 1950 for the words "of Her Majesty or in the Imperial Service Troops". The words "or in the Royal Indian Marine" occurring after the words "Majesty" were omitted by Act No. 35 of 1934. 192. Substituted by Act No. 41 of 1961. 193. Inserted by Act No. 35 of 1969. 194. Substituted by Act No. 26 of 1955, w.e.f. 1st January, 1956. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------