id
stringlengths 10
13
| query
stringlengths 52
8.83k
| pos
stringclasses 1
value | neg
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|
Retriever2500
|
Local low-dose thrombolysis for safe and effective treatment of venous port-catheter thrombosis.
PURPOSE
Retrospective evaluation of local low-dose thrombolysis for treatment of venous port-catheter thrombosis.
METHODS
A total of 1,031 patients with dysfunctional port systems underwent port angiography depicting 181 patients with thrombosis around the port-catheter. A total of 165 patients (male 35, female 130; age 57.3 ± 12.9 [20-83] years) underwent thrombolysis by single injection of 3 mg alteplase into the port system. Patients were followed up by clinical and angiographic/radiological port controls the next day and 12.9 ± 17.9 [1-81] months on the basis of regular oncologic staging examinations.
RESULTS
Thrombosis occurred 10.1 ± 19.3 [median 2.9] months after port implantation and was clinically suspected by difficult blood aspiration in 146 of 181 (80.7 %) and high resistance to injection fluids in 75 (41.4 %) patients. A predictor for angiographically confirmed port-catheter thrombosis was a combination of both (73, 40.3 % patients) (Fisher's exact test p < 0.0001; positive predictive value 0.8977), or suboptimal (not cavoatrial) port-catheter position (92, 50.8 % patients) (p = 0.0047; positive predictive value 0.8276). The cumulative success rate of thrombolysis was 92.7 % (153 of 165 patients). Initial thrombolysis was effective in 127 (77.0 %) patients. Repeated (up to 6 times) thrombolysis was effective in 26 of 31 patients after second or third thrombolysis. Extensive central venous thrombosis (9 patients) predicted ineffective thrombolysis (p < 0.0001). Primary patency of successfully treated devices was 92.8 % at 1 month and 84.9 % at 3 months. Rethrombosis occurred in 27 patients after 4.4 ± 6.6 (median 1.8) months. Primary rethrombolysis was effective in 22 (81.5 %) patients. Cumulative patency was 100 % at 3 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Difficult aspiration combined with high resistance to injection fluids or suboptimal port-catheter position are strong independent predictors for port-catheter thrombosis. Local low-dose thrombolysis or repeat thrombolysis is safe and effective in the absence of large central venous thrombosis.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2501
|
Rapid pain relief and remission of sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis after intravenous ibandronate therapy.
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH) is an infrequent but painful, localized disturbance of bone metabolism of unknown etiology. The diagnosis of SCCH is generally one of exclusion, and it is therefore frequently missed or delayed, leaving patients with pain that frequently fails to respond to standard analgesic therapy. Consequently, SCCH leads to significantly impaired quality of life. Characteristic increased localized bone turnover and inflammatory osteitis provide a strong rationale for using intravenous bisphosphonates to treat the condition. We report on three patients with long-standing, treatment-refractory SCCH in whom intravenous ibandronate injections (a single administration of 4 mg followed by 2 mg every 3 months for up to a year) produced prompt, dramatic, persistent pain relief and resolution of the other symptoms of the disease. We also review recent evidence suggesting that SCCH is more common than generally believed and that technetium-99 bone scanning can aid in making an accurate diagnosis.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2502
|
Local Administration of Magnesium Promotes Meniscal Healing Through Homing of Endogenous Stem Cells: A Proof-of-Concept Study.
BACKGROUND
Although many strategies have been developed to modify the biological and biomechanical environment of the meniscal suture repair to improve the chances of healing, the failure rates remain high. Thus, new methods to promote meniscal regeneration and repair are needed.
HYPOTHESIS
Administration of magnesium (via a repair using magnesium stitches) might enhance recruitment and adherence of endogenous stem cells to the site of the lesion, thereby promoting in situ meniscal regeneration and chondroprotective functions.
STUDY DESIGN
Controlled laboratory study.
METHODS
Synovial fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) were identified and isolated from the knees of rabbits with a meniscal injury of 4 weeks' duration. An in vitro analysis of adherence and chemotaxis of SMSCs was performed. For the in vivo assay, rabbits (n = 120) with meniscal lesions were divided into 3 groups: repair with high-purity magnesium stitches (Mg group), repair with absorbable sutures (Control group), and no repair (Blank group). Healing of the regenerated tissue and degeneration of the articular cartilage were evaluated by gross and histological analysis at postoperative weeks 1, 3, 6, and 12. The mechanical properties of the repaired meniscus were also analyzed (tensile testing).
RESULTS
In vitro, magnesium promoted the adhesion and migration of SMSCs, which were identified and increased in the knee joints with meniscal lesions. Moreover, fibrochondrogenesis of SMSCs was stimulated by magnesium. Compared with the other groups, the Mg group had enhanced tissue regeneration, lower cartilage degeneration, and retained mechanical strength at 12 weeks after meniscal repair.
CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Magnesium could be used for in situ meniscal repair due to the potential capacity of magnesium to recruit endogenous stem cells and promote synthesis of fibrocartilaginous matrix.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2503
|
A computational study of the effect of vasomotion on oxygen transport from capillary networks.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arteriolar vasomotion on oxygen transport from capillary networks. A computational model was used to calculate blood flow and oxygen transport from a simulated network of striated muscle capillaries. For varying tissue oxygen consumption rates, the importance of the frequency and amplitude of vasomotion-induced blood flow oscillations was studied. The effect of myoglobin on oxygen delivery during vasomotion was also examined. In the absence of myoglobin, it was found that when consumption is high enough to produce regions of hypoxia under steady flow conditions, vasomotion-induced flow oscillations can significantly increase tissue oxygenation and decrease oxygen transport heterogeneity. The largest effect was seen for low-frequency, high-amplitude oscillations (1.5-3 cycles min(-1), 90% of steady-state velocity). By contrast, at physiological tissue myoglobin concentrations, vasomotion did not improve tissue oxygenation. This unexpected finding is due to the buffering effect of myoglobin, suggesting that in highly aerobic muscles short-term storage of oxygen is more important than the possibility of increasing transport through vasomotion.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2504
|
Diet-induced obesity in two C57BL/6 substrains with intact or mutant nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt) gene.
The C57BL/6J (B6/J) male mouse represents a standard for diet-induced obesity (DIO) and is unique in expressing a loss-of-function nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (Nnt) gene. This mutation was associated with a marked reduction in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from B6/J islets in vitro and moderately impaired glucose clearance in vivo. To assess the contribution of this Nnt mutation, we compared DIO responsiveness of Nnt-mutant B6/J males to Nnt wild-type C57BL/6NJ (B6/NJ) males over a 14-week period of feeding a high-fat (60% of calories) diet. Initial mean body weights at 6 weeks did not distinguish the substrains and both substrains were DIO-sensitive. However, B6/J males outgained the B6/NJ males, with a significant 3 g higher mean body weight at 20 weeks accompanied by significant increases in both lean and fat mass. Mean nonfasting serum glucose over time was also significantly higher in B6/J males, as was impairment of glucose tolerance assessed at 8 and 20 weeks of age. Serum leptin, but not insulin, was significantly higher in B6/J males over time. Potential contributions of the wild-type Nnt gene were demonstrable on a lower fat diet (10% of calories) where a significantly greater weight gain over time by B6/NJ males was correlated with a significantly higher serum insulin. In conclusion, DIO developed in response to 60% fat feeding regardless of Nnt allele status. Contribution of the B6/J-unique Nnt mutation was most evident in response to 10% fat feeding that resulted in reduced serum insulin and weight gain compared to B6/NJ males.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2505
|
Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS) induced enteritis in Orange-spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides.
The enteritis is a common disease in fish farming, but the pathogenesis is still not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the inducement of Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt (DSS) intestinal inflammation on Orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The fish were challenged with 200 μl 3% DSS via oral irrigation and feeding, an appropriate dose based on the disease activity index of inflammation. The results indicated that the inflammatory responses induced by DSS were closely associated with the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-8, IL16, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as NF-κB and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. At day5 after DSS treatment, the highest levels of all parameters were observed. Also, the severe intestinal lesions (intestinal villus fusion and shedding), strong inflammatory cell infiltration and microvillus effacement were seen through histological examination and SEM (scanning electronic microscopy) analysis. During the subsequent 18 days of the experimental period, the injured intestinal villi were gradually recovery. These data is beneficial to further investigate the pathogenesis of enteritis in farmed fish, which is helpful for the control of enteritis in aquaculture.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2506
|
Nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells by in vitro hybridization with ES cells.
The resetting of a somatic epigenotype to a totipotential state has been demonstrated by successful animal cloning, via transplantation of somatic nuclei into enucleated oocytes. We have established an experimental system, which reproduces the nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells in vitro by fusing adult thymocytes with embryonic stem (ES) cells. Analysis of the lymphoid-cell-specific V-(D)-J DNA rearrangement of the T cell receptor and immunoglobin genes shows that the ES cells have hybridized with differentiated cells. In these ES cell hybrids, the inactivated X chromosome derived from a female thymocyte adopts some characteristics of an active X chromosome, including early replication timing and unstable Xist transcription. We also found that an Oct4-GFP transgene, which is normally repressed in thymocytes, is reactivated 48 hr after cell fusion. The pluripotency of the ES-thymocyte hybrid cells is shown in vivo, since they contribute to all three primary germ layers of chimeric embryos. The somatic DNA methylation pattern of the imprinted H19 and Igf2r genes is maintained in these hybrids, unlike hybrids between ES and EG (embryonic germ) cells in which the differential methylation is erased. Thus, ES cells have the capacity to reset certain aspects of the epigenotype of somatic cells to those of ES cells.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2507
|
Tropomyosin inhibits the rate of actin polymerization by stabilizing actin filaments.
Tropomyosin inhibition of the rate of spontaneous polymerization of actin is associated with binding of tropomyosin to actin filaments. Rate constants determined by using a direct electron microscopic assay of elongation showed that alpha alpha- and alpha beta-tropomyosin have a small or no effect on the rate of elongation at either end of the filaments. The most likely explanation for the inhibition of the rate of polymerization of actin in bulk samples is that tropomyosin reduces the number of filament ends by mechanical stabilization of the filaments.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2508
|
Determination of the Feature Resolution of Processed Image Data via Statistical Analysis.
A method is presented to determine the feature resolution of physically relevant metrics of data obtained from segmented image sets. The presented method determines the best-fit distribution curve of a dataset by analyzing a truncated portion of the data. An effective resolvable size for the metric of interest is established when including parts of the truncated dataset results in exceeding a specified error tolerance. As such, this method allows for the determination of the feature resolution regardless of the processing parameters or imaging instrumentation. Additionally, the number of missing objects that exist below the resolution of the instrumentation may be estimated. The application of the developed method was demonstrated on data obtained via 2D scanning electron microscopy of a pressed explosive material and from 3D micro X-ray computed tomography of a polymer-bonded explosive material. It was shown that the minimum number of pixels/voxels required for the accurate determination of a physically relevant metric is dependent on the metric of interest. This proposed method, utilizing the prior knowledge of the distribution of metrics of interest, was found to be well suited to determine the feature resolution in applications where large datasets can be achieved.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2509
|
Feasibility of providing interventions for injection drug users in pharmacy settings: a case study among San Francisco pharmacists.
In addition to syringe exchange programs, pharmacies are important venues where injection drug users (IDUs) can access non-prescription syringes and other prevention interventions. This study assessed the feasibility of providing a range of interventions for IDUs in pharmacy settings. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 23 participants (policy makers, owner/managers, dispensing pharmacists, and pharmacy staff) from independent and chain/retail pharmacies in San Francisco, California, USA. The highest level of support was for a coupon syringe program and educational materials. Several overarching themes illustrate challenges to implementing pharmacy-based preventive interventions: time, space, sufficient staff, pharmacist training, legal considerations, pharmacist attitudes toward IDUs, and cost and reimbursement issues. This study provides concrete examples of the types of preventive services that pharmacists support and consider feasible, and illustrates that pharmacists welcome the opportunity to broaden their role as critical partners in public health matters related to injection drug use.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2510
|
The efficacy of primary sacroiliac joint fusion for low back pain caused by sacroiliac joint pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PURPOSE
Conduct a systematic review to quantify the effect of primary sacroiliac joint fusion (SIJF) for the treatment of sacroiliac (SI) joint pathology on patient reported outcomes.
METHODS
Medline, Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched prior to August 18th, 2020 for all English-Language studies involving the treatment of SIJ pathology through SIJF and/or conservative management (CM). The quality of included studies was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Primary outcome measure was the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for low back pain. Secondary outcome measure was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the incidence of adverse reactions.
RESULTS
A total of 564 patients and six studies were included. The overall quality of evidence analyzed by this review was low (GRADE = 0). Five out of the six studies were industry funded. The VAS standardized mean difference (SMD) between SIJF and CM at three months and six months follow-up was - 1.4 [95% confidence interval - 2.3, - 0.6] and - 1.5 [95% CI - 1.8, - 1.1]. The ODI SMD between SIJF and CM scores at three months and 6 months follow-up was - 0.9 [95% CI - 1.1, - 0.7] and - 1.1 [95% CI - 1.6, - 0.5]. The odds ratio of adverse reactions due to SIJF compared to CM was 1.9 [95% CI 0.1, 42.8].
CONCLUSION
Based on the limited number of independent trials with long-term follow-up, SIJF shows potential as a surgical treatment option for SIJ pathology.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION
CRD42020206149 (25th September 2020).
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2511
|
The management of crisis in sickle cell disease.
The symptoms and signs of sickle cell disease are exacerbated in times of crisis, characterized by tissue infarction or worsening anaemia. Prompt medical intervention is required in these distressing situations to provide relief and comfort to the patient. Effective analgesia is crucial in treating the painful crisis of sickle cell disease. The haemoglobinopathy may cause hyposthenuria with reduced ability to excrete the sodium load in normal saline. A 5% dextrose solution or 5% dextrose in 25% normal saline is therefore recommended for intravenous hydration. As the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sickle cell disease, infections call for vigorous antibiotic therapy. Oxygen administration should be reserved for hypoxic patients, and blood transfusion given only when really indicated. Acute chest syndrome and cerebrovascular accidents are life-threatening complications of sickle cell disease whereas priapism can cause important long-term sequelae; all deserve urgent attention. In the long term, comprehensive care is cost-effective in reducing the frequency and adverse effects of sickle cell crisis.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2512
|
A scoping review of mental health mobile apps for use by the military community.
Advancements in technology have opened doors to new directions in mental health care, including the emergence of mobile health applications. Such apps are helping to make mental health care more accessible to those who face barriers to care, such as military personnel. We conducted a scoping review to map the existing literature on mental health-related apps intended for use by military personnel/veterans. As a result, we identified several themes from the literature. We also discuss how apps are being developed and tested for use by the military community and provide suggestions for future research directions.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2513
|
Recent advances in the treatment of Kawasaki disease.
Kawasaki disease (KD) is acute systemic vasculitis that occurs mainly in infants and children under 5 years of age. The etiology of KD remains unknown. KD is liable to be complicated by coronary artery lesions (CALs), which develop in approximately 15-25% of untreated KD children and in approximately 5% of KD children after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. A single high dose of IVIG (2 g/kg) is the gold standard therapy in the acute stage of KD. However, approximately 8--38% of children are unresponsive to initial IVIG treatment and at increased risk for CAL development. Anti-inflammatory high doses of aspirin are recommended in conjunction with IVIG, but our study demonstrated that there is no evidence of efficacy in preventing CAL development. The usefulness of steroids in initial therapy for KD or treatment of IVIG-resistant patients is not well established. Other immunosuppressive therapies, including infliximab, have been used in the treatment of refractory KD, but merit additional investigation. Subclinical atherosclerosis may develop early in KD patients, which makes early initiation of therapy to improve chronic inflammation an important issue. Future multicenter studies may help to define the optimal management of KD patients.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2514
|
Synthesis and characterization of choline-fatty-acid-based ionic liquids: A new biocompatible surfactant.
Ionic liquid (IL) surfactants have attracted great interest as promising substitutes for conventional surfactants owing to their exceptional and favorable physico-chemical properties. However, most IL surfactants are not eco-friendly and form unstable micelles, even when using a high concentration of the surfactant. In this study, we prepared a series of halogen-free and biocompatible choline-fatty-acid-based ILs with different chain lengths and degrees of saturation, and we then investigated their micellar properties in aqueous solutions. Characterization of the synthesized surface-active ILs (SAILs) was performed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and elemental analysis. The surface-active properties of the SAILs were investigated by tensiometry, conductometry, and dynamic light scattering measurements. The critical micelle concentration of the SAILs was found to be 2-4 times lower than those of conventional surfactants. The thermodynamic properties of micellization (ΔG0m, ΔH0m, and ΔS0m) indicate that the micellization process of the SAILs is spontaneous, stable, and entropy-driven at room temperature. The cytotoxicity of the SAILs was evaluated using mammalian cell line NIH 3T3. Importantly, [Cho][Ole] shows lower toxicity than the analogous ILs with conventional surfactants. These results clearly suggest that these environmentally friendly SAILs can be used as a potential alternative to conventional ILs for various purposes, including biological applications.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2515
|
An integrated optical and chromogenic probe for tumor cell imaging.
Tumor cell heterogeneity determines the prognosis and metastasis of the tumor. It is pivotal to develop an innovative and facile cell imaging probe for cell and tumor tissue imaging. Combined the fluorescent properties, enzyme-like catalytic activity of Au nanocluster materials and the catalytic activity of Iron-based nanoparticles to establish an integrated probe is novel work for tumor cell multi-modal imaging. Herein, we developed a facile method to prepare Au/Fe integrated probe using BSA as a template. By the optimization of the experimental conditions, the Au/Fe integrated multi-functional imaging probe was successfully synthesized. The bio-safety and enzyme-like catalysis were also explored. The results showed that the Au/Fe integrated probe possess good fluorescent, biosecurity and enzyme-like catalysis property. Meanwhile, the Au/Fe integrated probe exhibited excellent tumor cell optical and chromogenic imaging ability. The results suggested that the prepared Au/Fe integrated multi-functional imaging probe is a promising candidate for biolabeling of the biological sample.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2516
|
An analysis of neuroscience and psychiatry papers published from 2009 and 2019 outlines opportunities for increasing discovery of sex differences.
Sex differences exist in many neurological and psychiatric diseases, but these have not always been addressed adequately in research. In order to address this, it is necessary to consider how sex is incorporated into the design (e.g. using a balanced design) and into the analyses (e.g. using sex as a covariate) in the published literature. We surveyed papers published in 2009 and 2019 across six journals in neuroscience and psychiatry. In this sample, we find a 30% increase in the percentage of papers reporting studies that included both sexes in 2019 compared with 2009. Despite this increase, in 2019 only 19% of papers in the sample reported using an optimal design for discovery of possible sex differences, and only 5% of the papers reported studies that analysed sex as a discovery variable. We conclude that progress to date has not been sufficient to address the importance of sex differences in research for discovery and therapeutic potential for neurological and psychiatric disease.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2517
|
Uptake of transfer ribonucleic acid by normal and leukemic cells.
Uptake of tRNA (Escherichia coli) was demonstrated in the murine leukemia, L1210 and in a human lymphoblast (NC-37) cell lines. In both cell lines, uptake of tRNA was rapid, reaching a maximum within 45 sec, and was linear with concentration up to about 50 mug/ml. This uptake of exogenous tRNA apparently was not due to altered membrane permeability or impaired cell viability, nor to ribonuclease degradation of the macromolecule. Furthermore, about 20% of the tRNA taken up by the cells remains functional and apparently intact. This was demonstrated by: (a) acylation with E. coli aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases; (b) methylation with leukemic cell tRNA-methylases, and (c) demonstrating (14)C-labeled 4S RNA in the cytoplasmic fraction of the leukemic cells after the addition of E. coli [(14)C]tRNA. The results demonstrate that tRNA can enter mammalian cells and suggest that an energy independent, carrier-mediated, mechanism may be operative.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2518
|
[Health status of the 70-year-old population in the past and present. A cohort comparison of 70-year old men and women born in 1987 and 1914 in Glostrup].
A cohort comparison between two different populations of 70 year-olds in Glostrup who had health examinations in 1967 (230 men and 210 women) and in 1984 (412 men and 392 women) was conducted with the purpose of describing changes in health variables among old people during a period of falling mortality for both men and women. From the 1967 investigation to the 1984 investigation there was a significant improvement of the cardiovascular risk profile (i.e. body mass index, blood pressure, serum cholesterol, glucose tolerance) which is consistent with other such investigations. In contrast to these findings, symptoms of chronic conditions (angina pectoris, intermittent claudication and bronchitis) as well as the need for health care were the same in the two populations of 70 year-olds. In addition, the 1914 cohort reported a more pessimistic outlook with regard to their general health and greater consumption of medicine. The results of this investigation are consistent with expectations regarding changes in risk factors and mortality in older generations. The consequences of the falling mortality for morbidity and functional ability in a life perspective are, however, still uncertain, and cannot be evaluated alone from results such as these.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2519
|
Dumbbell-Shaped Epidural Capillary Hemangioma Presenting as a Lung Mass: Case Report and Review of the Literature.
STUDY DESIGN
A case report and literature review.
OBJECTIVE
We present the fourth case of a spinal epidural capillary hemangioma with a dumbbell-shaped appearance in the magnetic resonance image reported in the literature and the second presented as a lung mass.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA
Hemangiomas are congenital vascular malformations that pathologists frequently consider to be hamartomatous malformations. Hemangiomas of the spine are usually lesions of the vertebral bodies, but they can sit in other locations such as the intramedullary or epidural space. Purely epidural hemangiomas are rare and most of them are of cavernous type.
METHODS
We present a 67-year-old female with a thoracic dumbbell-shaped capillary hemangioma with both foraminal and intrathoracic extensions, whose presentation was pleural effusion associated with mediastinal mass suggestive of pulmonary neoplasia. Surgical treatment consisted of total removal en bloc of the lesion.
RESULTS
Microscopic evaluation showed a fibrofatty tissue with a proliferation of vascular structures that were generally of a small size, with areas of myxoid appearance. To date, there have been 8 epidural capillary hemangiomas of the thoracic and lumbar spine reported in the literature, and only 3 of them were dumbbell-shaped with extraforaminal extension.
CONCLUSION
It is important to consider the diagnosis of hemangiomas in the differential diagnosis of epidural lesions with dumbbell-shaped appearance in the magnetic resonance image, especially at the thoracic level. It is a benign and potentially curable disease and the most appropriate surgical treatment is en bloc resection of the entire lesion. They are usually presented as a progressive myelopathy, so early treatment may prevent permanent neurological deficits.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
5.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2520
|
Chloracne in a Farming Family.
An 11-year-old boy presented with a 1-year history of multiple comedonal lesions distributed over his body. The lesions (Figure 1) were densely distributed throughout his body. Ophthalmologic examination revealed hyperpigmented conjunctival mucosae and enlarged meibomian glands (Figure 2). His nails were also hyperpigmented. In addition, he had been coughing and had a fever, each present for a month. Significant laboratory studies included mild anemia (hemoglobin 11.6 gm%) and leukocytosis of 20,800. A chest x-ray was suggestive of interstitial lung disease. Similar lesions were present on his two siblings and parents. Additionally, his father had developed multiple, acne-like lesions, large abscesses, palmar and plantar peeling, and severe jaundice with hepatic failure. He had a history of frequent exposure to a pesticide mixed with a herbicide, as a result of leakage from a spray container. The patient was diagnosed with chloracne, based on the history, clinical features, and histologic examination.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2521
|
Expression of semaphorin 3A and neuropilin 1 in asthma.
Neuropilin 1 (NP1) is a part of essential receptor complexes mediating both semaphorin3A (SEMA3A) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) which is one of important mediators involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. Therefore, it is possible that SEMA3A plays a role in the pathogenesis of asthma through attenuation of VEGF-mediated effects. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate expression levels of SEMA3A and NP1 using induced sputum of asthmatics and a murine model of asthma. Firstly, SEMA3A and NP1 expressions in induced sputum of asthmatics and SEMA3A and NP1 expression on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and lung homogenates of asthmatic mice were determined. Then we evaluated the immunolocalization of VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1), VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and NP1 expressions on asthmatic mice lung tissue and their subcellular distributions using fibroblast and BEAS2B cell lines. Sputum SEMA3A and NP1 expressions were significantly higher in asthmatics than controls. Similarly, SEMA3A and NP1 expressions on BAL cells and lung homogenates were significantly elevated in asthmatic mice compared to control mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and NP1 expressions were also uniformly increased in asthmatic mice. Our observations suggest that SEMA3A and NP1 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2522
|
Evaluation of organ procurement in an area under the influence of a training program.
INTRODUCTION
The procurement of organs was evaluated in an area of 1,450,000 inhabitants. This area provides two international programs and two training courses for transplant coordinators. One of them deals with the entire process of donation and transplantation, and the other is a monographic course about family consent and donation request. One transplantation coordinator manages the area.
METHODS
The results of the last 6 years have been analyzed concerning the procurement of organ donors (related to brain death [BD] donors, exitus at the hospital, and the intensive care unit [ICU]); loss in the process, such as medically unsuitable; problem detection; and family refusals.
RESULTS
During the past 6 years the donor potential increased from 1.67% to 4.06%. The BD by exitus in the ICU increased from 7% to 14.01% (the average in Spain 12.2%); the cases of BD in ICU beds increased from 0.5% to 1.31% (average in Spain 0.8%). The loss for medical exclusion criteria decreased from 27% to 20% and in family refusals from 19.7% to 13.6%. The efficiency of the process in percentage of actual donations by BD increased from 52.4% to 65.3% (average in Spain 49%). The actual donors per million population (PMP) increased from 37 PMP to 59 PMP. The average number of organs obtained from donors increased from 3.1 to 3.6, and the transplants increased from 2.7 to 3.04 per donor. The average waiting period for a renal transplant was reduced from 365 days to 199 days.
CONCLUSION
The training of coordinators and the net system of regional coordinator, area coordinator, and hospital coordinator improved our donation rate.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2523
|
Structural and functional analysis of the DEAF-1 and BS69 MYND domains.
DEAF-1 is an important transcriptional regulator that is required for embryonic development and is linked to clinical depression and suicidal behavior in humans. It comprises various structural domains, including a SAND domain that mediates DNA binding and a MYND domain, a cysteine-rich module organized in a Cys(4)-Cys(2)-His-Cys (C4-C2HC) tandem zinc binding motif. DEAF-1 transcription regulation activity is mediated through interactions with cofactors such as NCoR and SMRT. Despite the important biological role of the DEAF-1 protein, little is known regarding the structure and binding properties of its MYND domain.Here, we report the solution structure, dynamics and ligand binding of the human DEAF-1 MYND domain encompassing residues 501-544 determined by NMR spectroscopy. The structure adopts a ββα fold that exhibits tandem zinc-binding sites with a cross-brace topology, similar to the MYND domains in AML1/ETO and other proteins. We show that the DEAF-1 MYND domain binds to peptides derived from SMRT and NCoR corepressors. The binding surface mapped by NMR titrations is similar to the one previously reported for AML1/ETO. The ligand binding and molecular functions of the related BS69 MYND domain were studied based on a homology model and mutational analysis. Interestingly, the interaction between BS69 and its binding partners (viral and cellular proteins) seems to require distinct charged residues flanking the predicted MYND domain fold, suggesting a different binding mode. Our findings demonstrate that the MYND domain is a conserved zinc binding fold that plays important roles in transcriptional regulation by mediating distinct molecular interactions with viral and cellular proteins.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2524
|
New frontiers in the evolution of fin development.
The locomotory appendages of vertebrates have undergone significant changes during evolution, which likely promoted a wide range of adaptive strategies. These appendages first evolved as unpaired finfolds in the dorsal midline of early chordates, more than 500 million years ago. Later on, during vertebrates' radiation, two sets of locomotory appendages emerged, developing from both sides of the latero-ventral body wall. The morphology of these paired fins in fishes at different phylogenetic positions suggests an evolutionary tendency for increasing elaboration of the endoskeleton and concomitant reduction of the distal dermoskeleton. This evolutionary process culminated with the origin of limbs in the lineages leading to tetrapods. The developmental programs responsible for the evolution of vertebrate appendages have been a major topic for evolutionary developmental biology recently. Gene expression comparisons performed in chordates explored how these mechanisms were transferred from a midline to latero-ventral position. On another front, gene function assays have begun to test classical hypotheses concerning the transition from fish fins to tetrapod limbs. In this review, we highlight these recent findings on the evolution of vertebrate fin development. First, we discuss new perspectives on the transition from midline to paired appendages focus on (i) origin and molecular regionalization of the lateral plate mesoderm and (ii) novel ectodermic competency zones for fin induction. Next, we review recent work exploring how tetrapod limbs evolved from fish fins, considering (i) molecular and structural changes in the distal ectoderm of fins and (ii) modulation of 5'HoxD transcription during fin endoskeleton development.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2525
|
[Successful treatment of primary peritoneal carcinoma with paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy].
BACKGROUND
A standard treatment for primary peritoneal carcinoma has not been established to date. We report three patients with primary peritoneal carcinoma who were successfully treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy.
CASE
Three patients, 66-, 73-, and 71-year-old women who presented with abdominal swelling, were referred to our hospital. Following detailed physical examination, they underwent exploratory laparotomy and were diagnosed with primary peritoneal carcinoma. Postoperatively, the sole treatment was comprised of combination chemotherapy of paclitaxel and carboplatin following which the tumor marker(CA125)levels normalized. Moreover, there was no evidence of tumors on CT scan, and the patients showed good recovery.
CONCLUSION
Paclitaxel and carboplatin combination chemotherapy are effective for treatment of primary peritoneal carcinoma and can be considered one of the medical treatment options.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2526
|
Journal of a young man of Massachusetts.
This is a shortened account of the bitter experiences of American prisoners of the British during the war of 1812-14 as seen through the eyes of a young New Englander who kept a diary of events in various prisons on both sides of the Atlantic. Resentment against the delay in release from captivity at Dartmoor prison boiled over in April 1815 and an attempt at mass escape resulted in many casualties. These were admirably dealt with by Surgeon George Magrath (1775-1857) who had been Flag Medical Officer to Nelson in the Mediterranean. His skill and humanity to the American prisoners at Dartmoor earned their deep respect.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2527
|
[Performance assessment in microscopic diagnosis of malaria in the laboratory network of the National Institute of Health of Peru, 2012-2017].
Timely diagnosis of malaria is a strategy proposed by the World Health Organization to reduce malaria morbidity and mortality. A study was conducted to assess performance in microscopic diagnosis of malaria in the network of laboratories under the National Malaria Reference Laboratory of the National Institute of Health between 2012 and 2017. In the years of study, the laboratories obtained a rating of "acceptable" in the diagnosis of Plasmodium by 38.4%, 43.7%, 60.0%, 83.3%, 90.9%, and 95.8%, respectively, in the evaluation of species by 0%, 6.2%, 15.0%, 50.0%, 40.9%, and 54.1%, respectively; in stage assessment by 23.0%, 25.0%, 35.0%, 83.3%, 54.5%, and 79.1%, respectively; and in parasitic density assessment by 0%, 6.2%, 10.0%, 33.3%, 0%, and 12.5%, respectively. We conclude that in the period under evaluation, the percentage of laboratories that diagnosed and recognized the species and stage increases, which is not the case for recognition of parasitic density.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2528
|
Current perspectives on Rorschach performance among older adults.
Review of empirical studies of Rorschach performance by older adults (age 65+) indicates that previous research findings of declining cognitive flexibility and impoverishment of personality may be artifacts of design methodologies that have failed to adequately account for biosocial-psychological differences between age groups and within the older age group itself. When findings are assessed in terms of variables reflective of age cohort as well as residential status, diagnosis, health status, and test-taking attitude, important data become available. Suggestions concerning test interpretation are offered in lieu of the current lack of age matched base rates for Rorschach scoring variables.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2529
|
Photosensitivity in HIV-infected individuals.
OBJECTIVE
To characterize photosensitivity in HIV-infected individuals using minimal erythema dosage (MED) UVA (ultraviolet A light) and UVB (ultraviolet B light) photoprovocation light testing.
DESIGN
Prospective, controlled analytical study.
SETTING
University of California, San Francisco, between March 1995 and January 1997.
PATIENTS
13 HIV-seropositive patients with clinical and pathological features consistent with photodermatitis, 13 HIV-seropositive patients with biopsy-proven eosinophilic foliculitis (EF), and 10 HIV-seropositive patients with CD4 (T helper cell) count below 200 cells/uL and no history of photosensitivity or EF.
INTERVENTION
Each patient underwent MED testing for UVB. All 13 patients with suspected photodermatitis underwent full photochallenge testing with UVA and UVB for up to 10 consecutive week days.
RESULTS
Mean MED to UVB in patients with clinical photosensitivity and EF was lower (p = 0.004 and p = 0.022 respectively) than that of patients without a clinical history of photodermatitis. There were no significant differences in mean CD4 count or Fitzpatrick skin type. Positive photochallenge tests (papular changes at site of provocative light testing) to UVB (9 of 13 patients) were much more common than reactions to UVA (3 of 13 patients) in the photodermatitis group. All patients with clinically active photodermatitis developed papular changes at the site of UVB photochallenge testing, but only 1 of 5 patients with photodermatitis in remission developed papular changes with UVB photochallenge testing. Seven of the 13 patients with photodermatitis had Native American ancestry. Photosensitive patients were commonly taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), but no more commonly than EF or control patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Photosensitivity in HIV-infected individuals appears to be a manifestation of advanced disease. Most patients are sensitive to UVB. The most severely affected individuals are both UVB and UVA sensitive, and may show reactions to visible light. A significant Native American ancestry may be a risk factor for development of photodermatitis in patients with advanced HIV disease. Finally, patients with eosinophilic folliculitis may be subclinically photosensitive.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2530
|
Uniportal middle lobectomy after a previous right upper lobectomy.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) using a 3.5 cm single incision (uniportal) may not only result in better pain control, earlier mobilization and shorter hospital stays, but can also provide safer and clear visualization to perform thoracoscopic dissection during complex surgeries. This is a case of a 55-year-old woman who underwent redo-thoracoscopy through uniportal approach for a middle-lobe lobectomy, after a previous right-upper lobectomy.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2531
|
The effects of competition and the presence of an audience on weight lifting performance.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effects of the presence of an audience and competition on maximal weight lifting performance. Thirty-two recreationally trained participants (15 men, 17 women; 21 +/- 2.5 years) performed a 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) bench press during 3 different situations (coaction, competitive coaction, and audience condition). Subjects also completed the Activation-Deactivation Adjective Checklist Short Form following the 3 trials to measure arousal state during each of the 3 trials. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between competitive coaction and coaction trials as well as between audience and coaction trials. Both men and women demonstrated the highest performance in front of an audience (105 +/- 48 kg) followed by competition (103 +/- 46 kg) and then the coaction trial (93 +/- 43 kg). No significant difference in arousal was measured between trials. The data suggest that performing a maximal lift in the presence of an audience or in competition facilitates performance and support the self-presentation and self-awareness theories. Social facilitation effects should be controlled in research settings and may aid the performance of weight lifting activities during events or competition.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2532
|
Liposome-Based Antibacterial Delivery: An Emergent Approach to Combat Bacterial Infections.
The continued emergence and spread of drug-resistant pathogens and the decline in the approval of new antimicrobial drugs pose a major threat to managing infectious diseases, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Even though a significant variety of antibiotics can effectively cure many bacterial infectious diseases, microbial infections remain one of the biggest global health problems, which may be due to the traditional drug delivery system's shortcomings which lead to poor therapeutic index, low drug absorption, and numerous other drawbacks. Further, the use of traditional antibiotics to treat infectious diseases has always been accompanied by the emergence of multidrug resistance and adverse side effects. Despite developing numerous new antibiotics, nanomaterials, and various techniques to combat infectious diseases, they have persisted as major global health issues. Improving the current antibiotic delivery systems is a promising approach to solving many life-threatening infections. In this context, nanoliposomal systems have recently attracted much attention. Herein, we attempt to provide a concise summary of recent studies that have used liposomal nanoparticles as delivery systems for antibacterial medicines. The minireview also highlights the enormous potential of liposomal nanoparticles as antibiotic delivery systems. The future of these promising approaches lies in developing more efficient delivery systems by precisely targeting bacterial cells with antibiotics with minimum cytotoxicity and high bacterial combating efficacy.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2533
|
Coronavirus disease 19 in minority populations of Newark, New Jersey.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to report the clinical features and outcomes of Black/African American (AA) and Latino Hispanic patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalized in an inter-city hospital in the state of New Jersey.
METHODS
This is a retrospective cohort study of AA and Latino Hispanic patients with COVID-19 admitted to a 665-bed quaternary care, teaching hospital located in Newark, New Jersey. The study included patients who had completed hospitalization between March 10, 2020, and April 10, 2020. We reviewed demographics, socioeconomic variables and incidence of in-hospital mortality and morbidity. Logistic regression was used to identify predictor of in-hospital death.
RESULTS
Out of 416 patients, 251 (60%) had completed hospitalization as of April 10, 2020. The incidence of In-hospital mortality was 38.6% (n = 97). Most common symptoms at initial presentation were dyspnea 39% (n = 162) followed by cough 38%(n = 156) and fever 34% (n = 143). Patients were in the highest quartile for population's density, number of housing units and disproportionately fell into the lowest median income quartile for the state of New Jersey. The incidence of septic shock, acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring hemodialysis and admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) was 24% (n = 59), 21% (n = 52), 33% (n = 82) respectively. Independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were older age, lower serum Hemoglobin < 10 mg/dl, elevated serum Ferritin and Creatinine phosphokinase levels > 1200 U/L and > 1000 U/L.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings from an inter-city hospital's experience with COVID-19 among underserved minority populations showed that, more than one of every three patients were at risk for in-hospital death or morbidity. Older age and elevated inflammatory markers at presentation were associated with in-hospital death.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2534
|
Positron emission tomography in seizure disorders.
Positron emission tomography (PET) has been widely used in the study of seizure disorders. As a research tool, PET has been used to determine the pathophysiology of different seizures disorders, prognostic and diagnostic information, and the response to various interventions. PET imaging has also been used clinically to help with the detection of seizure foci. With the continued development of a large array of radiopharmaceuticals that can evaluate all of the components of different neurotransmitter systems as well as cerebral blood flow and metabolism, PET imaging will continue to play a key role in research and clinical applications for seizure disorders.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2535
|
Phosphorylation of ovine rhodopsin. Identification of the phosphorylated sites.
Light-dependent phosphorylation of sheep opsin was obtained in purified discs to which was added a partially purified preparation of rhodopsin kinase. A maximum ratio of 1.8 mol of phosphate/mol of rhodopsin bleached was obtained. Perturbing the lipid bilayer did not alter the phosphorylation ratio. Dephosphorylation in both segments and discs was only achieved when the supernatant fraction from a retina homogenate was added. Complete dephosphorylation required the presence of the detergent dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide in the incubation medium. Treatment of phosphorylated disc membranes with Staphylococcal aureus V8 proteinase generated two membrane-bound fragments, only one of which (V8-S, Mr 12 000) was labelled, together with a soluble seven-residue peptide that contained [32P]phosphoserine. Peptide sequencing, together with subdigestion procedures, localized the phosphorylation sites to serine residues at positions 334, 338 and 343 in the whole sequence and threonine residues at positions 335 and 336.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2536
|
The Development of a New Care Service Landscape in Norway.
Demographic changes, as well as the transfer of medical and caring tasks from specialist to primary care in Norwegian municipalities, have led to changes in care service delivery. So far, we have limited knowledge of how this affects the design of the care services. Based on a semi-structured questionnaire survey, this article presents the development of a new care service landscape in Norway, where municipalities increasingly set up specialized care services for different patient groups and their care needs. This leads to a continuum of care service models from a generalist approach to highly specialized care services. Larger municipalities typically have a higher degree of specialization, indicating that volume is an important prerequisite for specialization. Similarly, a higher degree of specialization corresponds to higher formal competencies in the workforce. To understand the development of the services and the impact on care service delivery, further research is required.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2537
|
Predictive survival models for resuscitated victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with coronary heart disease.
Resuscitated victims of cardiac arrest with coronary heart disease represent a group of patients with an accelerated mortality rate. Among 227 such patients in our follow-up study, 20% had died at 1 year and 50% were dead in slightly over 3 years. Predictors of death were related to use of digitalis, elevated blood urea nitrogen, cerebral vascular accident, previous myocardial infarction, and age. In a subset of 103 patients in whom ambulatory electrocardiographic recordings were available within 3 months of the arrest event, the presence of complexity and high-frequency ventricular premature beats (VPBs) (greater than or equal to 25/hr) were added to the mortality predictors of digitalis and diuretic therapy and elevated blood urea nitrogen. An almost equal number of patients died suddenly and nonsuddenly. Predictors of sudden death were treatment with quinidine and paired VPBs. Occurrence of arrhythmias was an important addition to the previous mortality predictors related to left ventricular dysfunction.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2538
|
An individualized and bioactive artificial intervertebral disc.
Nowadays, prostheses used for total disc replacement are mostly made of non-bioactive materials and always predetermined to certain sizes by the manufacturers, resulting in irreversible attrition and non-individualization. Here, the design of a novel, individualized and bioactive artificial intervertebral disc which avoids the above-mentioned problems is described, and an evaluation made of it.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2539
|
Pigment-cell-specific genes from fibroblasts are transactivated after chromosomal transfer into melanoma cells.
Human and mouse fibroblast chromosomes carrying tyrosinase or b-locus genes were introduced, by microcell hybridization, into pigmented Syrian hamster melanoma cells, and the microcell hybrids were tested for transactivation of the fibroblast tyrosinase and b-locus genes. By using species-specific PCR amplification to distinguish fibroblast and melanoma cDNAs, it was demonstrated that the previously silent fibroblast tyrosinase and b-locus genes were transactivated following chromosomal transfer into pigmented melanoma cells. However, transactivation of the mouse fibroblast tyrosinase gene was unstable in microcell hybrid subclones and possibly dependent on a second fibroblast locus that could have segregated in the subclones. This second locus was not necessary for transactivation of the fibroblast b-locus gene, thus demonstrating noncoordinate transactivation of fibroblast tyrosinase and b-locus genes. Transactivation of the fibroblast tyrosinase gene in microcell hybrids apparently is dependent on the absence of a putative fibroblast extinguisher locus for tyrosinase gene expression, which presumably is responsible for the extinction of pigmentation in hybrids between karyotypically complete fibroblasts and melanoma cells.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2540
|
Path Analysis of RCT Recruitment: Secondary Analysis of Results from a Systematic Review.
We examine recruitment processes for 71 pragmatic and comparative effectiveness trials identified in a systematic review, using path analysis to examine rates of refusal to screen, test, and consent to trial participation. Our analysis suggests that refusal rates might be on net slightly higher if potential subjects are screened or asked to undergo physical eligibility tests, but this was not significant in our sample of trials (p = .11 by Mann-Whitney test). We find that rates of refusing to provide informed consent are much lower for trials in which subjects have agreed to screening or testing (odds ratio = 0.40, Wilcoxon rank-sum z = 2.67, p = .008). We also observe that the overwhelming majority of trials examined secured consent after determining eligibility, even in trials involving screening or testing activities. The ethical implications and areas for future research are discussed.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2541
|
Microanalysis of oligosaccharide HS203 in beagle dog plasma by postcolumn fluorescence derivatization method.
A rapid and sensitive postcolumn fluorescence derivatization method was developed for microanalysis of antidiabetic oligosaccharide HS203 in beagle dog plasma. After plasma protein was removed by a simple and fast ultrafiltration method, chromatographic separation was performed on an Asahipak GS-320 HQ column with a mobile phase of 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6.7) and acetonitrile (83/17, v/v). The column effluent was monitored by fluorescence detection at 249 nm (excitation) and 435 nm (emission) using guanidine hydrochloride as a postcolumn derivatizing reagent. A satisfactory resolution of the analyte was achieved and the limit of detection was found to be 4 ng (more sensitive than silver staining of HS203 in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The method described above was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of HS203 and to monitor blood glucose level simultaneously in beagle dog. It is also possible to be applied for microanalysis of other oligosaccharides in biological samples.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2542
|
Mutations in Smad-interacting protein 1 gene are responsible for absence of its expression in Hirschsprung's disease.
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a common congenital malformation of the enteric nervous system. The pathophysiological basis remains unclear. Recently, the SIP1 gene has been recognized as being involved in the pathogenesis of symptomatic HSCR patients with 2q22 chromosomal rearrangement. In this study, mutations in SIP1 were analyzed to explore the relationship between SIP1 and HSCR. All exons of SIP1 were amplified and then analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and DNA sequencing. SIP1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR. By PCR-RFLP, three different electrophoretic bands of 536, 428 and 257 bp representing different genotypes were demonstrated accordingly. DNA sequencing revealed a heterozygous absence of codon 157 GTG → GTA exchange at exon 7. Simultaneously, exchanges of GCC → ACC at codon 351 and ACC → GCC at codon 395 were also observed in exon 8. All the exchanges caused a missense mutation. By immunohistochemistry, SIP1 was ectopically expressed in the aganglionic segment of HSCR without mutation. For comparison, in HSCR with mutation either in exon 7 or exon 8, SIP1 immunoreactivity disappeared in all structures. The protein and mRNA levels determined by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR were consistent with that of immunohistochemistry. In summary, mutations of the SIP1 gene were detected in HSCR. These mutations in SIP1 were responsible for the absence of its expression in HSCR and contributed to the pathogenesis of this disease.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2543
|
From sandwich complexes to dendrimers: journey toward applications to sensing, molecular electronics, materials science, and biomedicine.
This review links various areas of inorganic chemistry around the themes developed by our research group during the last four decades. It is firstly based on the electronic structure of iron sandwich complexes, showing how the metal electron count dictates their reactivities, with various applications (via C-H activation, C-C bond formation) as reducing and oxidizing agents, redox and electrocatalysts and precursors of dendrimers and catalyst templates through bursting reactions. Various electron-transfer processes and consequences are explored, including the influence of the redox state on the acidity of robust ligands and the possibility to iterate in situ C-H activation and C-C bond formation to build arene-cored dendrimers. Examples of how these dendrimers are functionalized are illustrated using the cross olefin metathesis reactions, with application to the synthesis of soft nanomaterials and biomaterials. Mixed and average valence complexes give rise to remarkable subsequent organometallic reactions, including the salt influence on these reactions. The stereo-electronic aspect of these mixed valencies is pointed out in star-shaped multi-ferrocenes with a frustration effect and other multi-organoiron systems, with the perspective of understanding electron-transfer processes among dendrimer redox sites involving electrostatic effects and application to redox sensing and polymer metallocene batteries. Dendritic redox sensing is summarized for biologically relevant anions such as ATP2- with supramolecular exoreceptor interactions at the dendrimer periphery in parallel with the seminal work on metallocene-derived endoreceptors by Beer's group. This aspect includes the design of the first metallodendrimers that have applications in both redox sensing and micellar catalysis with nanoparticles. These properties provide the opportunity to summarize the biomedical (mostly anticancer) applications of ferrocenes, dendrimers and dendritic ferrocenes in biomedicine (in particular the contribution from our group, but not only). Finally, the use of dendrimers as templates for catalysis is illustrated with numerous reactions including C-C bond formation, click reactions and H2 production reactions.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2544
|
Analysis of hepatitis B virus quasispecies distribution in a Korean chronic patient based on the full genome sequences.
Although Korea is a hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic area, relatively few full-length genome sequences are available. In particular, no comparative analysis has been performed on the full-genome sequences of different HBV quasispecies from a single Korean patient. This report describes the full-length sequences of five HBV clones (two clones with shorter PCR amplicons and three clones with longer amplicons). Large deletions, that is, 685-bp, 487-bp, and 144-bp, that might interfere with the production of normal proteins were observed in four of five clones. Double mutations in the basal core promoter (BCP) region (T1762/A1764) were detected in two clones but no precore mutations (A1896) were detected in any of the five clones. These data support previous results that genotype C, in particular Korean clones of this genotype, is prone to mutations. Two independent mechanisms, namely, the deletions of long lengths and amino acid substitutions followed by BCP double mutations might contribute to the diversity of HBV quasispecies. Considering the importance of HBV quasispecies as HBV variant sources, the distribution of HBV quasispecies in mutation prone genotype C prevalent areas like Korea, should be monitored to improve the management of chronic HBV infections and to control HBV variants that arise due to the administration of vaccine or antiviral therapy.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2545
|
Electrophysiologic characteristics of single myocytes isolated from hypertrophied guinea-pig hearts.
To determine whether the electrical changes associated with cardiac hypertrophy are due to alterations in the membrane properties of individual hypertrophied cells, we recorded action potentials in single myocytes isolated from normal and hypertrophied hearts. Cardiac hypertrophy was produced by a gradual pressure overload created by placing a band around the ascending aorta in young guinea-pigs (200-250 g). Almost half the animals that developed left ventricular (LHV) hypertrophy also developed evidence of cardiac dysfunction. Action potentials were recorded with standard microelectrodes in single ventricular myocytes isolated by enzymatic dispersion of the heart. The action potential duration at 1 Hz was significantly longer in hypertrophied cells than in control cells. The degree of action potential prolongation in isolated cells did not correlate with the degree of hypertrophy but did correlate with the degree of myocardial disease, the duration being longer in hypertrophied myocytes from dyspneic than in those from non-dyspneic animals. The resting potential was significantly lower in hypertrophied myocytes from dyspneic animals than in hypertrophied cells from non-dyspneic animals or control cells stimulated at 5 Hz. The relationship between the frequency of stimulation (0.33, 1, and 5 Hz) and action potential duration was steeper in hypertrophied than normal myocytes. The mean membrane capacitance (cm) of hypertrophied myocytes increased by 31% over the control value. Thus, isolated hypertrophied myocytes retain the prolonged duration of the action potential and the exaggerated dependence of duration on rate observed in intact hypertrophied muscle. The increased duration of the action potential in hypertrophied cells cannot be readily attributed to the observed increase in cm. Our results indicate that the membrane changes responsible for the altered electrical properties of hypertrophied myocardium are due to an effect of hypertrophy on individual myocytes and that the prolonged duration of the action potential is probably due to changes in active currents flowing during repolarization.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2546
|
Evaluation of the DNA Alkylation Properties of a Chlorambucil-Conjugated Cyclic Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide.
Hairpin pyrrole-imidazole polyamides (hPIPs) and their chlorambucil (Chb) conjugates (hPIP-Chbs) can alkylate DNA in a sequence-specific manner, and have been studied as anticancer drugs. Here, we conjugated Chb to a cyclic PIP (cPIP), which is known to have a higher binding affinity than the corresponding hPIP, and investigated the DNA alkylation properties of the resulting cPIP-Chb using the optimized capillary electrophoresis method and conventional HPLC product analysis. cPIP-Chb conjugate 3 showed higher alkylation activity at its binding sites than did hPIP-Chb conjugates 1 and 2. Subsequent HPLC analysis revealed that the alkylation site of conjugate 3, which was identified by capillary electrophoresis, was reliable and that conjugate 3 alkylates the N3 position of adenine as do hPIP-Chbs. Moreover, conjugate 3 showed higher cytotoxicity against LNCaP prostate cancer cells than did conjugate 1 and cytotoxicity comparable to that of conjugate 2. These results suggest that cPIP-Chbs could be novel DNA alkylating anticancer drugs.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2547
|
[Gastric and duodenal ulcer in the adults and elderly].
The gastric and duodenal ulcers in the elderly have an ever increasing incidence. The active follow-up, the dietary and drug treatment determine a decreased number of surgical interventions.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2548
|
An observational study of the Covid-19 situation following the first pan-European mass sports event.
BACKGROUND
All events in Europe, including EURO2020 football championship, were postponed due to Covid-19 in 2020. Instead, Euro2020 took place in 2021, as mitigation measures were relaxed, cross-country mobility increased and the Delta variant was spreading across Europe. This study explored the possibility of an increased Covid-19 spread across Europe following EURO2020 matches.
METHODS
Covid-19 data on cases, vaccination and delta variant for participating countries, host cities/regions and neighbouring countries, for May till July 2021, were obtained from European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Our World in Data, Johns Hopkins COVID-19 Dashboard and the UK Government website. EURO2020 data were obtained from the Union of European Football Associations official website.
RESULTS
A general increase in Covid-19 positivity trend in Europe was observed following a week of EURO2020 matches across most countries and host cities. A similar trend was observed for the Delta variant sample positivity rate. The increased incidence was mostly among the young generation (<49 years). A decline in positive cases was observed on a national level for most countries following the Finals match.
CONCLUSION
The EURO2020 was an anticipated mass sports event, and it was the first-time spectators were allowed to enter stadiums in Europe. Stadiums instituted several mitigations to safeguard the spectators although reports of transmission were still present. The major challenges were the gatherings outside the stadiums that might have contributed to these observations. Targeted restrictions might be required during mass sport events especially in the presence of highly transmissible variant(s) and low vaccination rates among the young generation.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2549
|
Correction of optical aberrations by neutron irradiation.
The refractive index of optical materials can be modified by means of neutron irradiation. By varying the radiation dose over selected areas of a lens according to some given law, the local change in the refractive index can be adjusted to correct for different types of optical aberrations. The particular case of spherical aberration is treated in detail. It is shown that irradiation leads to index modifications of the required order of magnitude and that irradiation times are acceptable. Moreover, the stability of the index modifications, the possibility of bleaching-without curing the index-and the absence of residual radioactivity make an irradiated lens suitable for optical applications. The optician has thus at his disposal a new parameter.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2550
|
Sodium Site Exchange and Migration in a Polar Stuffed-Cristobalite Framework Structure.
The study of ionic dynamics in solids is essential to understanding and developing modern energy technologies. Here we study the ionic dynamics of orthorhombic Na2MgSiO4, an interesting case of a polar stuffed-cristobalite-type structure that contains two inequivalent Na sites within the channels of the magnesium silicate tetrahedral framework. Its preparation by a solid-state reaction method favors the presence of ∼2% of Na vacancies, converting it into a pure Na ionic conductor with an optimized ionic conductivity of ∼10-5 S cm-1 at 200 °C. The macroscopic migration has been characterized through impedance spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation, which proves the pure Na ionic character of the compound through hopping between Na1 and Na2 sites, forming three-dimensional migration zigzag-shaped paths. High-resolution solid-state 23Na magic-angle-spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy is employed to characterize the local structure and microscopic dynamics of Na-ion transport in Na2MgSiO4. Remarkably, variable-temperature 23Na MAS NMR and two-dimensional exchange spectroscopy evidence for the first time a Na site exchange phenomenon at room temperature, which further triggers Na ionic conduction at elevated temperatures.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2551
|
Analysis of muscle regeneration using single myofibers in culture.
Proliferation of satellite cells is responsible for formation of new muscle cells during development and regeneration. Signals governing satellite cell growth were studied using a tissue culture system consisting of single myofibers with attached satellite cells. The cells remain quiescent in basal medium but enter the cell cycle in response to growth factor obtained from injured muscle. The growth factor exhibits both source and target specificity and appears to be a polypeptide greater than 30 Kd. Satellite cells exposed to growth factor enter the S phase of the cell cycle by 18 h and proliferate with a generation time of 12 h. The growth factor is active in vivo and increases the proliferation and fusion of satellite cells to myofibers when injected intramuscularly in rat pups or adults. In addition to positive signals, satellite cell growth is modulated by negative feedback from the mature myofiber, as satellite cells removed from single myofibers by centrifugation show increased sensitivity to growth factor. The mitotic inhibition imposed on satellite cells results from contact with the myofiber plasmalemma and not the basal lamina, as shown by comparison of satellite cell mitogenesis in killed and living myofibers.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2552
|
The human erythrocyte anion-transport protein. Partial amino acid sequence, conformation and a possible molecular mechanism for anion exchange.
The N-terminal 72 residues of an integral membrane fragment, P5, of the human erythrocyte anion-transport protein, which is known to be directly involved in the anion-exchange process, was shown to have the following amino acid sequence: Met-Val-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gly-Pro-Leu-Pro-Asn-Thr-Ala-Leu-Leu-Ser-Leu-Val-Leu-Met -Ala-Gly-Thr-Phe-Phe-Phe-Ala-Met-Met-Leu-Arg-Lys-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ser-Ser-Tyr-Phe-Pro-Gly-Lys-Leu-Arg-Arg-Val-Ile-Gly-Asp-Phe-Gly-Val-Pro-Ile-Ser-Ile-Leu-Ile-Met-Val-Leu-Val-Asp-Phe-Phe-Ile-Gln-Asp-Thr-Tyr-Thr-Gln- The structure of this fragment was analysed, with account being taken of the constraints that apply to the folding of integral membrane proteins and the topographical locations of various sites in the sequence. It was concluded that this sequence forms two transmembrane alpha-helices. These are probably part of a cluster of amphipathic transmembrane alpha-helices, which could comprise that part of the protein responsible for transport activity. The presently available evidence relating to the anion-exchange process was considered with the structural features noted in this study and a possible molecular mechanism is proposed. In this model the rearrangement of a network of intramembranous charged pairs mediates the translocation of an anion between anion-binding regions at each surface of the membrane, which are composed of clusters of positively charged amino acids. This model imposes a sequential exchange mechanism on the system. Supplementary material, including Tables and Figures describing the compositions of peptides determined by amino acid analysis and sequence studies, quantitative and qualitative data that provide a residue-by-residue justification for the sequence assignment and a description of modifications to and use of the solid-phase sequencer has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50123 (12 pages) with the British Library Lending Division, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained as indicated in Biochem. J. (1983) 209, 5.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2553
|
Chronic proton pump inhibitor therapy and the risk of colorectal cancer.
BACKGROUND & AIMS
Chronic acid suppression by proton pump inhibitor therapy can lead to hypergastrinemia. Because existing evidence suggested an association between hypergastrinemia and colorectal cancer, we examined whether long-term proton pump inhibitor use is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in a population-representative cohort.
METHODS
We conducted a nested case-control study among patients 50 years of age and older and with > or =5 years of colorectal cancer-free initial follow-up in the General Practice Research Database (1987-2002) from the United Kingdom. Cases consisted of all patients with an incident diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Using incidence density sampling, up to 10 controls were matched with each case on practice site and both duration and calendar time of follow-up before the index date. The primary exposure of interest was > or =5 years of cumulative proton pump inhibitor therapy. We assessed the presence of duration-response and dose-response effects.
RESULTS
We identified 4432 incident colorectal cancer cases and 44,292 controls. The adjusted odds ratio for > or =5 years of proton pump inhibitor exposure was 1.1 (95% confidence interval, 0.7-1.9). Among high-dose proton pump inhibitor users (ie, > or =1.5 defined daily doses/day), there was a nonstatistically significant trend toward an increased risk with increasing duration of use (test for trend, P = .2). However, patients with pernicious anemia were not at increased risk for colorectal cancer (adjusted odds ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.3).
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term proton pump inhibitor therapy at a regular dose is not associated with a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2554
|
Identification of several stilbene derivatives in bovine urine by means of high performance liquid chromatographic fractionation and immunochemical detection.
Radioimmunochemical detection (RIA) following fractionation of urine extracts via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) turned out to be a very specific method for the identification of stilbene derivatives in bovine urine. Combination of the high resolution of the HPLC with a specific RIA is a suitable method to discriminate between the presence of different stilbene derivatives like diethylstilboestrol (DES), dienoestrol (DE) and hexoestrol (HEX) or other unknown compounds interfering in the celite-RIA used in the screening. Using this screening method 8200 samples of bovine urine were investigated on the presence of stilbene derivatives of which 133 were classified as 'positive'. In 106 'positive' urines the presence of DES was shown and in 19 'positive' urines the presence of DE or HEX, using the method described in this report whereas in 8 'positive' urines an unknown immunochemical active compound was detected. During 1.5 year of comparative investigation no qualitative discrepancies occurred between the results of the HPLC-immunogram procedure and the final confirmation by high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectometry (GCMS).
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2555
|
JNK-mediated turnover and stabilization of the transcription factor p45/NF-E2 during differentiation of murine erythroleukemia cells.
Regulation of the homeostatic concentrations of specific sets of transcription factors is essential for correct programming of cell proliferation and differentiation. We have characterized the signal transduction pathways regulating the catabolisis of p45/NF-E2, a bZIP factor activating the erythroid and megakaryocytic gene transcription. Through use of different approaches including nano-scale proteomics, we show that activated-JNK, or Phospho-JNK (P-JNK), physically interacts with p45/NF-E2 and phosphorylates its Ser157 residue. This reaction leads to the poly-ubiquitination of p45/NF-E2 at one or more of six Lys residues, one of which being also a sumoylation site, and its degradation through the proteasome pathway. Significantly, this regulatory pathway of p45/NF-E2 by P-JNK exists only in uninduced murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells but not in differentiated MEL cells in which JNK is inactivated on DMSO induction. Based on the above data and analysis of the chromatin-binding kinetics of p45/NF-E2 and the erythroid gene repressor Bach1 during the early phase of MEL differentiation, we suggest a model for the regulation of erythroid maturation. In the model, the posttranslational modifications and turnover of p45/NF-E2, as mediated by P-JNK, contribute to the control of its homeostatic concentration and consequently, its regulatory functions in the progression of erythroid differentiation and erythroid gene expression.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2556
|
5-Chloro-spiro-[indoline-3,7'-6H,7H,8H-pyrano[3,2-c:5,6-c']di[1]benzopyran]-2,6',8'-trione.
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(26)H(12)ClNO(6), consists of two independent mol-ecules. The central pyran rings and both the 1-benzopyran ring systems are nearly planar in both mol-ecules [r.m.s. deviations of pyan rings = 0.0264 (1) and 0.0326 (1) Å for molecules A and B, respectively; r.m.s. deviations of benzopyran rings = 0.0439 (1) and 0.0105 (1) for molecule A, 0.0146 (1) and 0.0262 (1) Å for molecule B]. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by C-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2557
|
A propensity score-matched comparison between Cardia and Amplatzer PFO closure devices - insights from the SOLUTION registry (Swiss percutaneOus patent foramen ovale cLosUre in recurrent clinical events prevenTION).
AIMS
To compare clinical outcome of Amplatzer PFO (APFO) to Cardia PFO (CPFO) occluder. Percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure prevents stroke recurrence in stroke due to paradoxical embolism.
METHODS AND RESULTS
The primary endpoint was a composite of stroke, TIA, or peripheral embolism at follow-up. The secondary endpoint was residual shunt. Outcome was compared among 934 (APFO: 712; CPFO: 222) patients, and in 297 propensity score-matched patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 29 patients (0.71/100 patient-years): four (2%) with the CPFO (0.31/100 patient-years), and 25 (4%) with the APFO (0.89/100 patient-years) (p=0.20). Residual shunt at six months was more frequent with the CPFO (31% versus 9%, p<0.001). No differences in residual shunts were seen at the last available echocardiographic follow-up (9±18 months): APFO 11%, CPFO 14%, p=0.22.
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that PFO closure with APFO or CPFO is equally effective for the prevention of recurrent events. Residual shunt was more frequent at six months with CPFO, but was similar to APFO at later follow-up.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2558
|
Capsule-bending ring for the prevention of capsular opacification: a preliminary report.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
To report the preliminary results of a study on the preventive effect of the capsule-bending ring on anterior and posterior capsule opacification (ACO and PCO, respectively).
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The ring is an open, band-shaped, circular polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) ring measuring 11 mm in diameter with pre-tension (13 mm in diameter when the ring is open), 0.2 mm in thickness, and 0.7 mm in width. To retain sharp edges, the ring is not polished. The sharp edges should create a sharp, discontinuous capsular bend in the fornix, which induces contact inhibition of migrating lens epithelial cells after cataract surgery. This capsule-bending ring is inserted into the capsular fornix following phacoemulsification, prior to the implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL). In a multicenter trial, 100 patients were scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in both eyes within 1 month. The procedure was performed with the ring in 1 eye and without the ring in the other eye of each patient.
RESULTS
The anterior capsule was prevented from coming into contact with the IOL, and ACO was significantly reduced in the eyes with the ring, rendering the capsular opening larger 3 months after surgery. PCO was obviously reduced on slit-lamp examination in the follow-up period up to 6 months, but needs to be evaluated during a longer period.
CONCLUSION
This band-shaped, sharp-edged capsule-bending ring may be useful for cases that need good fundus visualization for photocoagulation or expected vitreoretinal surgery and for the prevention of PCO.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2559
|
Growth factors improve latissimus dorsi muscle vascularization and trophicity after cardiomyoplasty.
BACKGROUND
Dynamic cardiomyoplasty consists of wrapping the electrostimulated latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) around the failed heart. Partial ischemia followed by atrophy of the middle and distal part of the LDM were observed in 30% of clinical cases after LDM flap elevation from its origin. In the current study, we hypothesized that local administration of growth factors at the LDM/epicardial interface could improve muscle vascularization and trophicity.
METHODS
In 24 sheep, dynamic cardiomyoplasty was performed using the left LDM. A multiperforated catheter was positioned at the LDM/epicardial interface for a weekly administration, during a 1-month period, of the following factors: basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, n = 6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, n = 6), and regenerating agent (RGTA, n = 6). Six sheep injected with phosphate-buffered saline (used for dilution of the growth factors) were used as a control group. At 3 months, angiographic, histologic, and histomorphometric studies were performed.
RESULTS
Angiographic studies of the animals treated with growth factors demonstrated hypervascularization due to the development of new vessels. Histomorphometric and histologic studies showed a significant increase in the number of capillaries and arterioles (100 fields/muscle) in the groups treated with bFGF (443.0 +/- 101.2, p < 0.01), RGTA (293.2 +/- 29.3, p < 0.05), and VEGF (246.5 +/- 45.9, p < 0.05), as compared with the control group (81.5 +/- 11.4). A significantly lower atrophy score was observed in the groups treated with bFGF (1.4 +/- 0.18, p < 0.05), RGTA (1.59 +/- 0.17, p < 0.05), and VEGF (1.96 +/- 0.14, NS), as compared with the control group (2.48 +/- 0.16).
CONCLUSIONS
Local administration at the heart/muscle interface of growth factors increases muscle vascularization and avoids muscle atrophy in an experimental cardiomyoplasty model, both of which are advantageous to the contracting LDM. The local growth factors delivery system used in this study appears efficient, easy to implant, and manipulate and safe.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2560
|
Complexation of phosphatidylcholine lipids with cholesterol.
It is postulated that the specific interactions between cholesterol and lipids in biological membranes are crucial in the formation of complexes leading subsequently to membrane domains (so-called rafts). These interactions are studied in molecular dynamics simulations performed on a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)-cholesterol bilayer mixture and a dilauroylphosphatidylcholine (DLPC)-cholesterol bilayer mixture, both having a cholesterol concentration of 40 mol %. Complexation of the simulated phospholipids with cholesterol is observed and visualized, exhibiting 2:1 and 1:1 stoichiometries. The most popular complex is found to be 1:1 in the case of DLPC, whereas the DPPC system carries a larger population of 2:1 complexes. This difference in the observed populations of complexes is shown to be a result of differences in packing geometry and phospholipid conformation due to the differing tail length of the two phosphatidylcholine lipids. Furthermore, aggregation of these complexes appears to form hydrogen-bonded networks in the system containing a mixture of cholesterol and DPPC. The CH...O hydrogen bond plays a crucial role in the formation of these complexes as well as the hydrogen bonded aggregates. The aggregation and extension of such a network implies a possible means by which phospholipid:cholesterol domains form.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2561
|
Impaired T cell capping and receptor regeneration in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Evidence for a disorder intrinsic to the T lymphocyte.
It is currently unclear whether the T cell dysfunctions observed during active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reflect a disorder intrinsic to the T cell or defects that result from interaction with anti-T cell autoantibody. To determine whether a disorder intrinsic to the T cell exists in SLE, the T cell capping mechanism was selected as a model of cellular function. The normal T cell capping mechanism is a rapid, energy-dependent and coordinated sequence of membrane events that consists of microaggregation, capping, endocytosis, and regeneration of the surface molecule. The monoclonal antibodies OKT3, OKT4, and OKT8, directed against the T cell-specific membrane glycoproteins T-3, T-4, T-8, served as specific probes of the glycoproteins' mobility within the membrane and membrane glycoprotein regeneration. When compared with greater than 91% T cell capping in normal and control subjects with active Sjögren's syndrome, active rheumatoid arthritis and active tuberculosis, only 49-60% of T cells from active SLE patients completed the capping sequence (SLE vs. healthy controls; T-3, P less than 0.002; T-4, P less than 0.004; T-8, P less than 0.002). Colchicine (10(-5) M), which inhibits microtuble polymerization and augments the rate of normal T cell capping, failed to restore the abnormal capping. However, as judged by the elapsed time intervals to half-maximal capping, the capping kinetics of the T cells able to initiate capping were not significantly different from controls. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated an abnormal staining pattern characterized by microaggregation of ligand-glycoprotein complexes on resting T cells, coarse aggregation of ligand-glycoprotein complexes over the surfaces of cells that failed to cap, and cleaved or disrupted caps. After clearance of determinants by capping, greater than 94% of T cells from healthy controls regenerated T-3, -4, and -8 within 24 h. In contrast, only 20-40% of capped T cells from active SLE patients reexpressed new determinants. With improving disease activity, the proportion of cells capping and regenerating T-3, -4, and -8 increased, but remained significantly below control levels. In conclusion, this study has identified a disorder of T cell surface glycoprotein mobility and regeneration affecting the majority (60-80%) of both the T-3+, T-4+, (inducer/helper), and T-3+, T-8+ (suppressor) subsets during active SLE. Although the impaired capping and reexpression improve with disease remission, a residual defect persists. The data support the concept of a disorder intrinsic to the T cell in SLE.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2562
|
Accidental pulmonary emboli noted by TEE during aortic valve replacement: a case report.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is difficult to diagnose clinically. In a patient who was scheduled for elective aortic valve replacement, several fresh emboli were recognized in the right atrium on transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The PEs then disappeared on the echocardiographic image, with significant immediate hemodynamic changes noted by real-time monitors, such as tachycardia and increased pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. Pulmonary embolism was highly suspected. After cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic valve replacement, PA thromboembolectomy was performed successfully. The patient survived and was discharged from the hospital 17 days later without sequelae.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2563
|
Inhaled nitric oxide lowers pulmonary capillary pressure and changes longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with acute lung injury.
In acute lung injury (ALI), where pulmonary microvascular permeability is increased, transvascular fluid filtration depends mainly on the hydrostatic capillary pressure. In the presence of intrapulmonary vasoconstriction pulmonary capillary pressure (PCP) may increase thereby promoting transvascular fluid filtration and lung oedema formation. We studied the effect of 40 ppm inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on PCP and longitudinal distribution of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in 18 patients with ALI. PCP was estimated by visual analysis of the pressure decay profile following pulmonary artery balloon inflation. Contribution of venous pulmonary resistance to total PVR was calculated as the percentage of the pressure gradient in the pulmonary venous system to the total pressure gradient across the lung. Inhalation of 40 ppm NO produced a prompt decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) from 34.1 +/- 6.8 to 29.6 +/- 5.7 (s.d.) mmHg; (P < 0.0001). PCP declined from 24.8 +/- 6.2 to 21.6 +/- 5.2 mmHg; (P < 0.0001) while pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) did not change. PVR decreased from 166 +/- 73 to 128 +/- 50 dyn.sec.cm-5; (P < 0.0001). Pulmonary venous resistance (PVRven) decreased to a greater extent (from 76 +/- 41 to 50 +/- 28 dyn.sec.cm-5; (P < 0.001) than pulmonary arterial resistance (PVRart) (from 90 +/- 36 to 79 +/- 29 dyn.sec.cm-5; (P < 0.01). The contribution of PVRven to PVR fell from 44.3 +/- 10.8 to 37.8 +/- 11.9%; (P < 0.01). Cardiac output (CO) remained constant. The findings demonstrate that NO has a predominant vasodilating effect on pulmonary venous vasculature thereby lowering PCP in patients with ALI.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2564
|
The Severity of Plasmodium falciparum Infection Is Associated with Transcript Levels of var Genes Encoding Endothelial Protein C Receptor-Binding P. falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1.
By attaching infected erythrocytes to the vascular lining, Plasmodium falciparum parasites leave blood circulation and avoid splenic clearance. This sequestration is central to pathogenesis. Severe malaria is associated with parasites expressing an antigenically distinct P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) subset mediating binding to endothelial receptors. Previous studies indicate that PfEMP1 adhesins with so-called CIDRα1 domains capable of binding endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) constitute the PfEMP1 subset associated with severe pediatric malaria. To analyze the relative importance of different subtypes of CIDRα1 domains, we compared Pfemp1 transcript levels in children with severe malaria (including 9 fatal and 114 surviving cases), children hospitalized with uncomplicated malaria (n = 42), children with mild malaria not requiring hospitalization (n = 10), and children with parasitemia and no ongoing fever (n = 12). High levels of transcripts encoding EPCR-binding PfEMP1 were found in patients with symptomatic infections, and the abundance of these transcripts increased with disease severity. The compositions of CIDRα1 subtype transcripts varied markedly between patients, and none of the subtypes were dominant. Transcript-level analyses targeting other domain types indicated that subtypes of DBLβ or DBLζ domains might mediate binding phenomena that, in conjunction with EPCR binding, could contribute to pathogenesis. These observations strengthen the rationale for targeting the PfEMP1-EPCR interaction by vaccines and adjunctive therapies. Interventions should target EPCR binding of all CIDRα1 subtypes.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2565
|
Antibody markup language (AbML) - a notation language for antibody-based drug formats and software for creating and rendering AbML (abYdraw).
As interest in antibody-based drug development continues to increase, the biopharmaceutical industry has begun to focus on complex multi-specific antibodies (MsAbs) as an up-and-coming class of biologic that differ from natural monoclonal antibodies through their ability to bind to more than one type of antigen. As techniques to generate such molecules have diversified, so have their formats and the need for standard notation. Previous efforts to develop a notation language for macromolecule drugs have been insufficient, or too complex, for MsAbs. Here, we present Antibody Markup Language (AbML), a new notation language specifically for antibody formats that overcomes the limitations of existing languages and can annotate all current antibody formats, including fusions, fragments, standard antibodies and MsAbs, as well as all currently conceivable future formats. AbML V1.1 also provides explicit support for T-cell receptor domains. To assist users of this language we have also developed a tool, abYdraw, that can draw antibody schematics from AbML strings or generate an AbML string from a drawn antibody schematic. AbML has the potential to become a standardized notation for describing new MsAb formats entering clinical trials.Abbreviations: AbML: Antibody Markup Language; ADC: Antibody-drug conjugate; CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service; CH: Constant heavy; CL: Constant light; Fv: Variable fragment; HELM: Hierarchical Editing Language for Macromolecules; HSA: Human serum albumin; INN: International Nonproprietary Names; KIH: Knobs-into-holes; mAbs: Monoclonal antibodies; MsAb: Multi-specific antibody; WHO: World Health Organization; PEG: Poly-ethylene glycol; scFv: Single-chain variable fragment; SMILES: Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System; VH: Variable heavy; VHH: Single-domain (Camelid) variable heavy; VL: Variable light.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2566
|
Green Synthesis for Battery Materials: A Case Study of Making Lithium Sulfide via Metathetic Precipitation.
For some future clean-energy technologies (such as advanced batteries), the concept of green chemistry has not been exercised enough for their material synthesis. Herein, we report a waste-free method of synthesizing lithium sulfide (Li2S), a critical material for both lithium-sulfur batteries and sulfide-electrolyte-based all-solid-state lithium batteries. The key novelty lies in directly precipitating crystalline Li2S out of an organic solution after the metathetic reaction between a lithium salt and sodium sulfide. Compared with conventional methods, this method is advantageous in operating at ambient temperatures, releasing no hazardous wastes, and being economically more competitive. To collect the valuable byproduct out of the liquid phases, a "solventing-out crystallization" technique is employed by adding an antisolvent (AS) of low boiling point. The subsequent distillation of the new solution under vacuum evaporates off the AS rather than the high-boiling-point reaction solvent (RS), saving a lot of energy. Consequently, the separated AS and RS containing the unreacted lithium salt can be directly reused. For industrial production, the entire process may be operated continuously in a closed loop without discharging any wastes. Moreover, Li2S cathodes and sulfide-electrolyte Li6PS5Cl derived from the synthesized Li2S show impressive battery performance, displaying the great potential of this method for practical applications.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2567
|
Local delivery of TGF beta2 can substitute for placode epithelium to induce mesenchymal condensation during skin appendage morphogenesis.
Development of skin appendages requires interactions between the epithelium and mesenchyme. Without the epithelium, dermal condensations cannot develop, and those already formed will disintegrate. Here we explored the molecular basis of this epithelial requirement and tried to identify the molecule(s) responsible by using the chick feather bud development as a model. TGF beta2 is a likely candidate because its message is predominantly expressed in the feather bud epithelium, and the protein is enriched in the dermal-epidermal junction within the bud. We tested this hypothesis by placing TGF beta-soaked beads on skin explants. We found that TGF beta2, but not TGF beta1, beads placed on top of epithelially stripped mesenchymes can induce dermal condensations. NCAM and tenascin-C (Tn-C) are expressed and protein kinase C is suppressed in the normal feather bud domain. This molecular organization is lost in denuded mesenchyme but can be restored by TGF beta2-coated beads. Subsequently, the TGF beta2-induced dermal condensations can induce nascent epithelium to form skin appendages. Together with our recent findings that ectopic Sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression causes wider TGF beta expression and larger dermal condensation, these results strongly suggest that TGF beta2 produced by epithelial placode is downstream to Shh and plays a key role in the induction of dermal condensation by activating the expression of NCAM and Tn-C, and by suppressing PKC expression.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2568
|
Inheritance of idiopathic torsion dystonia among Ashkenazi Jews.
The mechanism(s) of inheritance of primary dystonia are unclear. An autosomal recessive form among Ashkenazi Jews and an autosomal dominant form among non-Jews have been proposed. However, the patterns of inheritance, particularly among Ashkenazim, are controversial. In this report we have reviewed the literature particularly as it pertains to the mode of inheritance among Ashkenazim. We also report the results of a pilot study of the families of 25 independently ascertained Ashkenazi probands with onset of primary dystonia before age 27 years. A total of 91/98 living first-degree relatives were examined; of these 91, 86 were greater than or equal to 8 years of age at time of examination and were included in our analysis. Overall, 14/86 (16.3%) of first-degree relatives were affected. We found 11.4% (4/35) of parents, 22.2% (8/36) of siblings, and 13.3% (2/15) of offspring were definitely affected. This finding of an approximately equal risk to parents, siblings, and offspring is consistent with autosomal dominant transmission with a minimum penetrance of 32.6%. Our findings do not support autosomal recessive or multifactorial inheritance.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2569
|
RNF-121 is an endoplasmic reticulum-membrane E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the regulation of beta-integrin.
We report on the characterization of RNF-121, an evolutionarily conserved E3 ligase RING finger protein that is expressed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of various cells and tissues in Caenorhabditis elegans. Inactivation of RNF-121 induced an elevation in BiP expression and increased the sensitivity of worms to ER stress. Genetic analysis placed RNF-121 downstream of the unfolded protein response (UPR) regulator protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). We identify PAT-3::GFP, the beta subunit of the heterodimeric integrin receptors, as an RNF-121 substrate; whereas induction of RNF-121 expression reduced the level of PAT-3::GFP in the gonad distal tip cells, inhibition of RNF-121 led to the accumulation of stably bound PAT-3::GFP inclusions. Correspondingly, overexpression of RNF-121 during early stages of gonad development led to aberrations in germline development and gonad migration that overlap with those observed after PAT-3 inactivation. The formation of these gonad abnormalities required functional ER-associated degradation (ERAD) machinery. Our findings identify RNF-121 as an ER-anchored ubiquitin ligase that plays a specific role in the ERAD pathway by linking it to the regulation of the cell adhesion integrin receptors.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2570
|
Reduction of aluminum toxicity by 2-isopropylmalic acid in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae secretes 2-isopropylmalic acid (2-iPMA), an intermediate in leucine biosynthesis. Because 2-iPMA binds Al(III) in the culture medium, it is thought to reduce toxicity by Al(III). The effects of 2-iPMA and malic acid (MA) on Al toxicity were investigated in a medium with a low pH and low concentrations of phosphates and magnesium. The reduction in the growth of S. cerevisiae observed in the presence of 100 muM Al(III) ions was relieved more by the addition of 1.0 mM 2-iPMA than by 1.0 mM MA, indicating that 2-iPMA possesses superior Al(III)-ion detoxification ability. Investigations using the wild type and the deltaleu4 and deltaleu9 mutant strains indicated that secretion of a sufficient level of 2-iPMA was required to enhance the Al tolerance. It is thought that 2-iPMA secreted from the yeast cells chelates Al ions and prevents them from entering the cells, resulting in Al tolerance.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2571
|
Growing teratoma syndrome of mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor.
Mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) is rare. NSGCT shows excellent response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy. However, some tumors continue to enlarge despite normal tumor markers after chemotherapy, a rare condition called growing teratoma syndrome (GTS). Recognition of this condition is imperative for prompt surgical resection to prevent further cardiopulmonary compression and to improve survival. Multidisciplinary team meeting is important for perioperative preparation and care to improve the outcome of this high-risk surgery. Here, we report two cases of mediastinal GTS and underwent surgical resection, of which one died of pericardial decompression syndrome and the other is well.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2572
|
Severe OCD Exacerbation in a Patient with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.
Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and social interaction, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, and/or sensory aberrations. On the other hand, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of obsessions and/or compulsions. In consideration of these distinct pathologies, research suggests that anxiety disorders and OCD are highly prevalent in individuals with ASD. This case report will discuss an adolescent patient with ASD and OCD who experiences an exacerbation, most notably, in his symptoms of OCD. We outline the hospital course of a 13 year-old male who ultimately requires nasogastric (NG) tube feeding resulting from an acute worsening in symptoms and refusal of oral intake during the COVID-19 pandemic. The patient demonstrated significant improvement in symptoms following the administration of high-dose selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and low-dose antipsychotic therapy.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2573
|
Standardization of finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) cooling tests.
A finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) cooling test was introduced in 1977 and standardized during the following years for the optimal provocation and best characterization of an attack of vasospastic Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). The purpose of the present review is to compare and analyse some different techniques used in FSBP cooling tests from different countries and described in the final draft of the international standard, ISO/DIS 14835-2 (2004). The selected FSBP test results indicate to some extent that the tests are reliable and have acceptable diagnostic values despite the use of different techniques to obtain them. However, only a few studies used a zero-pressure FSBP%(0) to verify an ongoing attack of vasospastic RP. Most studies used an abnormal cold reaction FSBP%(A) located below the lower limit of controls, to make the anamnestic diagnosis of RP probable. According to the ISO draft, different types of finger cooling and body thermostating can be used together in the seated or supine position, and FSBP%(A) is indicated to be used for diagnostic purposes. Further studies are recommended to solve future standardization problems not included in the upcoming ISO standard. An international agreement on the presentation and comparison of test results is needed as a supplement to ISO/DIS 14835-2.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2574
|
Interspecies scaling of oleanolic acid in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs and prediction of human pharmacokinetics.
This study was conducted to predict the pharmacokinetics of oleanolic acid in humans based on animal data by allometry and several species-invariant time methods. Oleanolic acid was injected intravenously to mice, rats, rabbit and dogs (dose 1 mg/kg). The serum concentration-time profiles of oleanolic acid were best described by bi-exponential equation in all animal species. The average Cl, V ( ss ) and t ( 1/2 ) were 0.065 L/h, 0.019 L and 28.7 min in mice, 0.47 +/- 0.06 L/h, 0.117 +/- 0.029 L and 29.7 +/- 12.2 min in rats, 2.77 +/- 0.88 L/h, 1.83 +/- 0.60 L and 84.4 +/- 16.9 min in rabbits and 14.0 +/- 0.7 L/h, 9.2 +/- 10.1 L and 54.5 +/- 57.2 min in dogs, respectively. Based on animal data, human pharmacokinetic parameters of Cl, V ( ss ) and t (1/2) were predicted by simple allometry. In addition, actual concentration-time profiles obtained from animals were transformed to human profiles by species-invariant times of kallynochron, apolysichron and dienetichron. The predicted human pharmacokinetic parameters of Cl, V ( ss ) and t (1/2) by using simple allometry and species-invariant time transformation method ranged from 48.3-97.2 L/h, 49.1-92.9 L and 45.6-187.2 min, respectively. Those predicted parameters of oleanolic acid may be useful in designing dosing schedules of oleanolic acid in future clinical studies.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2575
|
Description of a simple model for the study of bone calcium metabolism.
A simple model for the study of bone calcium metabolism is proposed. It describes the kinetics of a radioactive tracer in terms of an open single compartment system with an expanding volume for a finite period of time. In addition to the simplicity of the hypotheses introduced, the model is able to give a good description of the biological processes which regulate calcium kinetics. Moreover the functional parameters can be easily calculated, even just graphically. 15 normal subjects and 22 patients affected by various bone diseases were studied. The results were compared with those obtained by using the model proposed by Burkinshaw et al. and the method described by Reeve et al.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2576
|
A structural basis for substrate selectivity and stereoselectivity in octopine dehydrogenase from Pecten maximus.
Octopine dehydrogenase [N(2)-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine:NAD(+) oxidoreductase] (OcDH) from the adductor muscle of the great scallop Pecten maximus catalyzes the reductive condensation of l-arginine and pyruvate to octopine during escape swimming. This enzyme, which is a prototype of opine dehydrogenases (OpDHs), oxidizes glycolytically born NADH to NAD(+), thus sustaining anaerobic ATP provision during short periods of strenuous muscular activity. In contrast to some other OpDHs, OcDH uses only l-arginine as the amino acid substrate. Here, we report the crystal structures of OcDH in complex with NADH and the binary complexes NADH/l-arginine and NADH/pyruvate, providing detailed information about the principles of substrate recognition, ligand binding and the reaction mechanism. OcDH binds its substrates through a combination of electrostatic forces and size selection, which guarantees that OcDH catalysis proceeds with substrate selectivity and stereoselectivity, giving rise to a second chiral center and exploiting a "molecular ruler" mechanism.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2577
|
Quality of osteoarthritis care for community-dwelling older adults.
Evidence-based guidelines have the potential to improve the quality of health care by promoting interventions of proven benefit and discouraging unnecessary, ineffective, or harmful interventions. Recent years have seen the development of several evidence-based guidelines developed for osteoarthritis (OA) management. There is some consistency in the numerous guidelines that are available for OA management, yet despite some dissemination attempts, clinical practice does not reflect these recommendations. Current clinical practice reflects a multitude of factors, including clinician and patient preference and health care system support. Similarly, guidelines are frequently prescribed independent of context and thus implementation can be challenging. Future efforts to guide management of OA of the hip or knee are better directed towards implementing practices known to be effective in a context-dependent manner to optimize health care quality.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2578
|
MRI of radiation-induced prostate sarcoma.
A patient with a history of pelvic radiation therapy for seminoma presented with a prostatic tumor, which appeared predominantly of high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images; low-signal-intensity tissue also extended to the pelvic sidewall. At surgical pathology, the tumor was determined to be radiation-induced sarcoma of the prostate, and the extraprostatic tissue was postradiation fibrosis.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2579
|
Prevalence of known diabetes in German adults aged 25-69 years: results from national health surveys over 15 years.
AIMS
The few studies examining the secular trend in diabetes prevalence in Germany have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, using nationally representative samples of adults, we investigated whether the prevalence of known diabetes has changed over 15 years.
METHODS
Study participants were 25- to 69-year-old residents participating in nationally representative health surveys performed in the following time periods: 1990-1992, 1997-1999, 2002-2003, 2003-2004 and 2004-2005. Prevalences of diabetes, standardized to the population structure of 2004, and trends over time were assessed for the total study population as well as by gender and other diabetes-associated factors.
RESULTS
Between 1990-1992 and 2002-2005, no statistically significant trend in the total (5.16 and 5.34%, P trend = 0.68) or sex-specific diabetes prevalence (men: 5.43 and 5.73, P trend = 0.62; women: 4.88 and 4.95%, P trend = 0.94) was observed. For each time period, prevalence rose substantially with increasing age, increasing body mass index, lower sporting activity and lower education.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings reflect no temporal increase in the total prevalence of known diabetes in German adult men and women. However, prevalence estimates were relatively high when compared with other European studies and call for continued efforts for the prevention and management of diabetes.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2580
|
Increased blood flow induces oxidative stress through an endothelium- and nitric oxide-independent mechanism.
Bradykinin, a potent vasodilator, stimulates the formation of reactive oxygen species and F(2)-isoprostanes in vitro. The effect of bradykinin on oxidative stress in humans is not known. This study tested the hypothesis that bradykinin induces oxidative stress through a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism in the human vasculature. We measured forearm blood flow (FBF) and net F(2)-isoprostane release in response to intraarterial bradykinin (50-200 ng/min), nitroprusside (1.6-6.4 microg/min), or diltiazem (3.6-14.4 microg/min) in the absence and presence of the NO synthase inhibitor N(omega)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) in normotensive and hypertensive subjects pretreated with aspirin. L-NMMA significantly decreased basal FBF and basal net F(2)-isoprostane release (from 28.7+/-5.2 to 13.4+/-3.5 pg/min/100ml, P=0.01) in all subjects. Bradykinin caused a significant increase in FBF and net F(2)-isoprostane release in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects. During NO synthase inhibition, bradykinin significantly increased net F(2)-isoprostane release in both groups (P=0.001) and there was no effect of L-NMMA on bradykinin-stimulated F(2)-isoprostane release (P=0.46). Nitroprusside also significantly increased net F(2)-isoprostane release in hypertensive subjects (P=0.01) and this response was not affected by L-NMMA (P=0.50). Diltiazem increased FBF as well as net F(2)-isoprostane release (from 44.5+/-12.5 to 61.2+/-14.7 pg/min/100ml at the highest dose, P=0.05). Increasing blood flow induces oxidative stress through a NO- and endothelium-independent mechanism.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2581
|
Improvement of cooking and textural properties of rice flour-soy protein isolate noodles stabilised with microbial transglutaminase and glucono-δ-lactone and dried using superheated steam.
In a bid to produce rice flour noodles with improved texture and reduced cooking time, rice flour-soy protein isolate noodles (RNS) were structurally enhanced by a combined treatment (COM) of microbial transglutaminase (MTG) with glucono-δ-lactone (GDL). The RNS-COM was either dried using superheated steam (SHS) to yield RNS-COM-SHS or steamed for 10 min (S10) before air drying to produce RNS-COM-S10 noodles. Control samples were SHS-dried rice flour (RN-SHS) and air-dried RN-S10 noodles. In general, textural and microstructural properties indicated higher textural properties and a more robust network in RNS-COM-SHS and RNS-COM-S10 than in other noodles. However, optimum cooking time (P < 0.5) was in the order; RN-SHS, RNS-COM-SHS < RN-S10 < RNS-COM-S10. As a result of the COM treatment, structurally enhanced noodles were more resistant to cooking. As applied in RNS-COM-SHS noodles, SHS was able to improve cooking quality, probably through the formation of bigger and evenly spread pores that had promoted faster gelatinisation of starch, with a high order of relative starch crystallinity.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2582
|
[Efficacy of trazodone in the treatment of insomnia].
Sleep disorders are among the most common in the general population. Insomnia is a serious clinical and social problems. The prevalence of insomnia in developed countries is estimated at 10-35% (40%). The effective treatment of insomnia, it is essential to proper diagnosis and treatment of the primary causes. When choosing an antidepressant for a patient with sleep disorders should be taken into account the effectiveness of antidepressant, sedative activity profile, good tolerability and possible administration evening dose. Trazodone is an sedative antidepressant, acting quickly, efficiently, safely, with a small number of adverse reactions and proven effective in the treatment of insomnia.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2583
|
Assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in infants with bronchiolitis. A comparison of the tidal and the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique.
Whether bronchodilators should be used for the treatment of infants with bronchiolitis is subject to debate, partly because of the low sensitivity of the methods for assessing lung function changes in infants. In the present study, we compared the recently introduced raised volume (RVRTC) with the conventional end-tidal rapid thoracoabdominal compression (ETRTC) technique in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. In 17 infants lung function was assessed by both methods, at baseline values and after salbutamol inhalation. Forced expiratory volumes (FEV(0.5), FEV(0.75), FEV(1.0)) were used for the quantification of RVRTC measurement, and maximal expiratory flow at functional residual capacity (Vmax (FRC)) for ETRTC measurements. A significant individual change was defined by a mean postbronchodilator value that differed from baseline value by more than twice the within-subject coefficient of variation (CV). Group mean intrasubject CVs ranged from 4.7% to 5.3% for FEV parameters; it was 14.0% for Vmax (FRC). For the group, post-bronchodilator measurements did not differ significantly from baseline measurements. For the majority of infants, however, the within-subject comparison of responses revealed substantial differences between both techniques; while no infant demonstrated a significant increase in Vmax (FRC), eight (47%) infants responded with significantly improved timed volumes. The RVRTC technique provides the investigator with a more sensitive diagnostic tool for documenting the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions on an individual basis. Furthermore, the findings of the present study provide a rationale for the application of bronchodilators in a subgroup of infants with acute bronchiolitis.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2584
|
Nordic Hamstring Strength of Highly Trained Youth Football Players and Its Relation to Sprint Performance.
Markovic, G, Sarabon, N, Boban, F, Zoric, I, Jelcic, M, Sos, K, and Scappaticci, M. Nordic hamstring strength of highly trained youth football players and its relation to sprint performance. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 800-807, 2020-We aimed to characterize Nordic hamstring (NH) strength and bilateral NH strength asymmetry in highly trained youth footballers and to investigate the relationship between NH strength and sprint performance. Twenty-two adult and 133 highly trained youth footballers in the age groups U12-U18 participated in this study. Eccentric hamstring strength was assessed using the NH device. Youth footballers (n = 119) also performed 20-m sprint test. Age-related changes in absolute and relative NH strength, and bilateral NH strength asymmetry were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance. The linear relationship between relative NH strength and sprint performance was established using a Pearson correlation analysis. Significant age-related increases (F = 3.6-18.9; all p < 0.01) in NH strength were reported for all units except N·kg (F = 1.9; p = 0.08). The largest differences in absolute NH strength were seen between U15 and U16 groups. Bilateral NH strength asymmetry varied from 8 to 16% (F = 1.8; p = 0.09) across all age groups. A large correlation between NH strength and sprint performance was observed (r = -0.52; p < 0.01). Our results indicate that NH strength increases nonlinearly with players' age, with the highest values observed in U16 group. Furthermore, bilateral NH strength asymmetry varied nonsignificantly between 8 and 16%. Finally, 27% of variance of sprint performance of youth footballers could be explained by relative NH strength. The reported NH strength data could be used as normative standards during testing and training of youth football players. Present results also suggest that coaches should pay close attention to eccentric hamstring function in youth footballers.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2585
|
Abdominal Massage Alleviates Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance by Regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway.
Abdominal massage (AM), a traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment method, has received considerable attention in the recent years. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of AM on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance (IR) in comparison with resveratrol (RSV) treatment. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: standard chow diet (control group), high-fat diet (model group), HFD + abdominal massage (AM group), and HFD + resveratrol (RSV group). A rat model of IR was established by feeding HFD to rats for 8 weeks followed by treatment with AM or RSV for 4 weeks. The underlying HFD-induced IR molecular mechanisms were studied in rat serum and skeletal muscles. RSV and AM significantly improved glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, obesity, and significantly reduced lipid accumulation [triglyceride (TC), total cholesterol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], adipocytokine [free fatty acids (FFA), adiponectin (ADPN)] and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) secretion. In addition, AM activated the AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway in rat skeletal muscle. In conclusion, our results showed that AM could improve IR by regulating the secretion of adipocytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as related signaling pathways in the skeletal muscle of rats, which might provide insights into development of new treatment methods for the clinical treatment of IR.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2586
|
Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A pilot study.
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used to mobilize CD34+ haematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow to the peripheral blood. We proposed to use cell subsets induced by G-CSF to slow down disease progression in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients with definite or probable ALS were assigned in a double-blind manner to receive G-CSF or placebo every three months for a year. The primary outcome measure was the functional decline, measured by the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale, Revised (ALSFRS-R) score. Secondary outcome measures included vital capacity, manual muscle strength, compound muscle action potential amplitudes, neurophysiological index, and McGill single item quality of life score (QoL). Thirty-nine patients were enrolled. Seventeen patients who received G-CSF and 18 who received placebo were evaluated. G-CSF was effective in mobilizing CD34+ to blood. The outcome measures used showed no statistically significant benefit, although there was a trend of slowing disease progression following two G-CSF treatments, as shown by lower slopes of ALSFRS-R and QoL in the first six treatment months. The treatment had no major side-effects. G-CSF administration in ALS patients caused successful mobilization of autologous bone marrow cells, but was not effective in slowing down disease deterioration.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2587
|
Two new species of the genus Geckobia Mégnin, 1878 (Acariformes, Prostigmata, Pterygosomatidae) from Peru.
Two new species of Geckobia Mégnin, 1878, Geckobia andina n. sp. and Geckobia circumdata n. sp., ectoparasites commonly reported on geckos, are described from the host species Phyllodactylus gerrhopygus (Wiegmann). The specimens were collected in the subtropical region of the Andean Pacific of Peru. The geographic distribution of species of Geckobia in South America and the Caribbean are mapped. Furthermore, a dichotomous key for the species of New World Geckobia is provided.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2588
|
Three-Dimensional Evaluation of Change in Maxillary Alveolar Arch after Expansion in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patients.
Narrowing of the maxillary dental arch is a major cause of occlusal abnormalities in cleft lip and palate patients. Although the dental arch may be expanded in such cases, relapse will often occur during the subsequent retention period. In this study, the stability of expansion of the maxillary arch was investigated by examining 3-dimensional change in the maxillary arch during the treatment and post-retention periods. Three-dimensional measurements was performed on maxillary plaster models obtained from 8 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (mean age, 12.5 years) who had undergone maxillary arch expansion using an edgewise appliance and quad helix (CLP group). The controls consisted of 8 unilateral cleft lip and alveolus patients (mean age, 12.9 years). Measurements were made during the pretreatment, post-treatment, and post-retention periods. In the CLP group, horizontal relapse was observed in the alveolar and dental arches between the second premolars, together with vertical relapse on the cleft side of the central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine. The sites where relapse occurred demonstrated decreased growth before orthodontic treatment. A correlation was observed between the extents of expansion and relapse. These findings suggest that excessive horizontal or vertical tooth movement in areas showing developmental failure should be avoided in order to increase stability after orthodontic treatment.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2589
|
Polyacetylenic caffeoyl amides from Ammodaucus leucotrichus.
Six undescribed polyacetylenic caffeoyl amides, five known flavones and three known lignans were obtained from the fruits of the North African traditional medicinal plant Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Durieu (Apiaceae). Isolation was achieved by a combination of chromatographic methods, and structures were established by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, electronic circular dichroism, and by GC-MS analysis of sugar derivatives. Polyacetylenic caffeoyl amides are reported for the first time as specialized metabolites.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2590
|
Investigation of circulatory and tissue ACE activity during development of lead-induced hypertension.
Prolonged exposure to low levels of lead causes systemic hypertension. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain lead-induced hypertension. Recently, the etiological role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been investigated in this context. This study assessed the alterations of circulatory and tissue angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity during development of lead induced hypertension. Male rats were divided to two main groups: lead-treated animals which received lead acetate, 100 ppm, in drinking water for 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and a control group given distilled water. The ACE activity in serum and tissues was analyzed by HPLC. The blood pressure gradually increased in correlation with lead exposure with time. The study also revealed significant elevation of local and serum ACE activity in the early phase of lead treatment; however, chronic lead exposure suppressed ACE activity in serum and tissues. These results emphasize the etiological role of ACE activity in the early phase of lead-induced hypertension.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2591
|
Gravity-dependent distribution of parietal subpleural interstitial pressure.
Using liquid-filled catheters, we recorded, in 30 anesthetized, spontaneously breathing supine rabbits, the hydraulic pressure from the parietal subpleural interstitial space (Pspl). Through a small exposed area of parietal pleura a plastic catheter (1 mm ED), with a closed and smooth tip and several holes on the last centimeter, was carefully advanced between the muscular layer and the parietal pleura, tangentially to the pleural surface to reach the submesothelial layer. Simultaneous measurements of pleural liquid pressure (Pliq) were obtained from intrapleurally placed cannulas. End-expiratory Pspl decreased (became more negative) with increasing height (LH) according to the following: Pspl (cmH2O) = -1 - 0.4 LH (cm), the corresponding equation for Pliq being Pliq (cmH2O) = -1.5 - 0.7 LH (cm). Thus at end expiration a transpleural hydraulic pressure difference (Pliq-Pspl) developed at any height, increasing from the bottom to the top of the cavity as Pliq - Pspl (cmH2O) = -0.5 - 0.3 LH (cm). The Pliq-Pspl difference increased during inspiration due to the much smaller tidal change in Pspl than in Pliq. By considering the gravity-dependent distribution of the functional hydrostatic pressure in the systemic capillaries of the pleura (Pc) and the Pspl and Pliq values integrated over the respiratory cycle we estimated that on the average, the Pc-Pspl difference is sevenfold larger than the Pspl-Pliq difference.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2592
|
Biologic properties of columnar epithelium underneath reepithelialized squamous mucosa in Barrett's esophagus.
Chronic proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy may lead to partial regression of Barrett's esophagus (BE), resulting in the development of reepithelialized islands of squamous mucosa that may cover the underlying BE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, histologic, and biologic characteristics of BE that is situated underneath squamous islands (BUSI). A total of 97 mucosal biopsies from 44 BE patients with BUSI were evaluated for a variety of histologic features (eg, type of epithelium, anatomic relationship of the underlying glands to the luminal surface, presence of adjacent mucosal glands or ducts, and the presence and degree of dysplasia), and immunostained for Ki-67, cyclin D1, and p53. BUSI was compared with adjacent areas of BE for all parameters. A clinical control group consisting of 50 BE patients without microscopic evidence of BUSI was selected for comparison of clinical and endoscopic features. The study group (34 males, 10 females; mean age, 67 years; mean length of BE, 5.5 cm) consisted of 27 (61%) and 12 (27%) patients on low- and high-dose PPI, respectively. On endoscopy, visible islands of squamous mucosa were noted in only 43% of study group patients (despite the presence of BUSI microscopically in all cases); one island was noted in 2%, multiple islands in 27%, and extensive islands in 14% of patients. The extent of squamous islands was unrelated to PPI dose. The study group was significantly more likely to have endoscopic evidence of extensive squamous islands compared with the control group (P = 0.009). Histologically, 89% of biopsies with BUSI showed intestinal-type, and 11% showed cardia-type, epithelium. Low- and high-grade dysplasia was noted in 4 (4%) and 5 (5%) biopsies, respectively. All patients with dysplasia in BUSI also showed dysplasia in other areas of the esophagus as well. Interestingly, BUSI reached the mucosal surface either by penetrating directly through, or by wrapping around, islands of squamous epithelium, in 68% of biopsies. Twenty-one percent of biopsies showed BUSI adjacent to submucosal glands or ducts. BUSI showed a significantly lower Ki-67 proliferation rate (29% vs. 49%, P < 0.001), and a lower, albeit nonsignificant, degree of cyclin D1 (16% vs. 29%) and p53 (4% vs. 17%) positivity in comparison to adjacent areas of BE. Furthermore, significantly lower proliferation rates were observed in BUSI that did not reveal an opening to the mucosal surface in comparison to foci that did. BUSI is phenotypically similar to typical surface BE but shows less severe proliferative abnormalities, particularly in buried glands that have no detectable connection to the esophageal lumen. Reduced proliferation may be due either to decreased exposure to luminal contents or to disruption of sloughing of surface epithelial cells into the crypt lumen. Prospective studies of large numbers of patients with BUSI will be required to determine the magnitude of its risk of progression to cancer.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2593
|
Spike orientation may predict epileptogenic side across cerebral sulci containing the estimated equivalent dipole.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether the orientation of interictal spikes, localized in major sulci by magnetoencephalography (MEG), predicts the epileptogenic side of the sulcal wall.
METHODS
Sixteen epilepsy patients were analyzed in whom equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of MEG spikes were localized on the central (four patients), interhemispheric (4), or sylvian fissure (8); and the epileptogenic side across the sulci had been confirmed by seizure semiology, structural lesions, or intracranial electroencephalography (EEG). ECD was classified as epileptogenic side or normal side oriented and correlated to the scalp EEG map.
RESULTS
All central (n=50) and interhemispheric (n=83) spike ECDs were oriented toward the epileptogenic side at peak latency. In scalp EEG, 91% of the spikes showed radial pattern of broad negativity above the sulcus whereas 9% showed tangential pattern with positive maximum above the epileptogenic side. Sylvian spikes were only found in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In sylvian spikes (n=220), 73% of ECDs were oriented toward the epileptogenic side, whereas 27% were oriented toward the normal side.
CONCLUSIONS
In central and interhemispheric spikes, epileptogenic side cortex may be gross surface negative through the sulcal wall to the adjacent gyrus. Inconsistent orientation of the sylvian spikes suggests a complex pattern of spike propagation in TLE.
SIGNIFICANCE
ECD orientation of central and interhemispheric spikes in MEG may predict the epileptogenic side.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2594
|
Microencapsulation of Laurus nobilis L. Leaf Extract in Alginate-Based System via Electrostatic Extrusion.
Bay leaves (L. nobilis L.) are a rich source of polyphenols that hold great potential for application in functional food products in which where the main challenges are the polyphenols' low stability and bioaccessibility, which can be overcome through different microencapsulation techniques, such as electrostatic extrusion, which hasn't been applied for the encapsulation of bay leaf polyphenols (BLP) to date. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to evaluate the potential of this technique through monitoring the polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity, release kinetics, and bioaccessibility of the encapsulated BLP. The results showed that electrostatic extrusion was suitable for the encapsulation of BLP, where 1% alginate and 1.5% CaCl2 with 0.5% chitosan resulted in the highest encapsulation efficiency (92.76%) and antioxidant activity in vitro. The use of 1.5% or 2% alginate with 5% CaCl2 + 0.5% chitosan showed the most controlled release of polyphenols, while encapsulation generally increased the bioaccessibility of BLP. The results showed that electrostatic extrusion can be considered an efficient technique for the microencapsulation of BLP.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2595
|
Postpartum depression in mothers and fathers: a structural equation model.
BACKGROUND
Post-partum depression (PPD) is a growing mental health concern worldwide. There is little evidence in the Chinese context of the relationship between paternal PPD and maternal PPD. Given the growing global concerns this relationship requires further exploration.
METHODS
A survey was conducted with 950 total couples from March 2017 to December 2018. The study was conducted using a standardized questionnaire that included basic demographic information, information on the relationship between the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, marital satisfaction (both maternal and paternal), and PPD symptoms. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) analysis was used to explore the underlying mechanism for PPD symptoms in mothers and fathers.
RESULTS
In 4.4% of the couples both the wife and the husband showed depressive symptoms. Maternal marital satisfaction showed a significant mediating effect on paternal PPD (B = -0.114, p < 0.01), and there was a direct effect of maternal PPD on paternal PPD (B = 0.31, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to investigate the possible correlation between maternal PPD, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law relationship satisfaction, maternal marital satisfaction, paternal marital satisfaction, and paternal PPD. It is important for future PPD interventions to target both maternal and paternal mental health, as well as the mechanisms identified that can lead to PPD.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2596
|
Binding of the radiolabeled glycine site antagonist [3H]MDL 105,519 to homomeric NMDA-NR1a receptors.
We have characterized the binding of [3H]MDL 105,519 ((E)-3-(2-phenyl-2-carboxyethenyl)-4,6-dichloro-1 H-indole-2-carboxylic acid), a NMDA receptor glycine recognition site antagonist, to homomeric NMDA subunit 1a (NR 1a) receptors. Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1) were transfected with the rat NR 1a gene and cell lines stably expressing the receptor were isolated from amongst clones resistant to the neomycin analog G418. Saturation analysis indicated that the radioligand bound to the homomeric receptor with a similar high affinity (Kd = 1.8 nM) to that reported for the native receptor. The binding capacity (Bmax) was 370 fmol/mg protein reflecting approximately 110000 receptors per cell. The radioligand interacted with a single class of binding sites as indicated by linear Scatchard transformation of the saturation data and a unitary Hill slope in competition experiments. Thus, the MDL 105,519 recognition site is present on the NR 1a subunit and has similar radioligand binding properties to the native brain-derived receptor. However, pharmacologic characterization of [3H]MDL 105,519 binding indicated that agonists were weaker competitors at the homometric receptor relative to the native receptors. In contrast, representative of three distinct chemical classes of glycine site antagonists exhibited similar potencies at both types of binding sites.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2597
|
Novel trimeric adenylate kinase from an extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon, Sulfolobus solfataricus: molecular cloning, nucleotide sequencing, expression in Escherichia coli, and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.
A gene coding for adenylate kinase was cloned from an extremely thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. The open reading frame of the sequenced gene consisted of 585 nucleotides coding for a polypeptide of 195 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 21,325. Although the S. solfataricus adenylate kinase, which belonged to the small variants of the adenylate kinase family, had low sequence identities with bacterial and eukaryotic enzymes, a functionally important glycine-rich region and also two invariant arginine residues were conserved in the sequence of the S. solfataricus enzyme. The recombinant enzyme, overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity, had high affinity for AMP and high thermal stability, comparable to the extremely thermostable enzyme from a similar archaeon, S. acidocaldarius. Furthermore, gel filtration and sedimentation analyses showed that the S. solfataricus adenylate kinase was a homotrimer in solution, which is a novel subunit structure for nucleoside monophosphate kinases.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2598
|
Intraoperative transcranial doppler ultrasonography monitoring of cerebral blood flow during coronary artery bypass grafting.
Perioperative neurologic events in heart surgery are the most devastating complications. Brain is the only organ not routinely monitored by any direct method during the administration of anesthesia. Brain monitoring with transcranial Doppler is of particular value when the brain is at risk of cerebral hyper- or hypoperfusion, gaseous or particulate embolization, or their combined effects. The main aim of this study was to assess cerebral blood flow differences and patterns during off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This prospective study was performed using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) monitoring in 30 patients aged 39-81 undergoing elective coronary bypass surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass: 15 patients undergoing off-pump and on-pump CABG each. The two groups did not differ according to age, sex, risk factors, cerebrovascular disease, comorbid disease and NYHA class. Study results clearly demonstrated significant differences in blood flow velocity between off-pump and on-pump procedures (P=0.0001). The duration of hypoperfusion was longer in on-pump group, whereas shorter periods of more profound hypoperfusion were observed in off-pump group. Brain monitoring with TCD during CABG proved to be a useful tool to detect cerebral hypotension as it provided unique information on cerebral perfusion. Such monitoring may improve the safety of surgical procedures, allowing for hemodynamic interventions to perform rationally and without interruption of surgical procedure.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Retriever2599
|
Decrease of breast cancer cell invasiveness by sodium phenylacetate (NaPa) is associated with an increased expression of adhesive molecules.
Sodium phenylacetate (NaPa), a non-toxic phenylalanine metabolite, has been shown to induce in vivo and in vitro cytostatic and antiproliferative effects on various cell types. In this work, we analysed the effect of NaPa on the invasiveness of breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and MCF-7 ras). Using the highly invasive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, we demonstrated that an 18-hour incubation with NaPa strongly inhibits the cell invasiveness through Matrigel (86% inhibition at 20 mM of NaPa). As cell invasiveness is greatly influenced by the expression of urokinase (u-PA) and its cell surface receptor (u-PAR) as well as the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), we tested the effect of NaPa on these parameters. An 18-hour incubation with NaPa did not modify u-PA expression, either on MDA-MB-231 or on MCF-7 and MCF-7 ras cell lines, and induced a small u-PA decrease after 3 days of treatment of MDA-MB-321 with NaPa. In contrast, an 18 h incubation of MDA-MB-231 increased the expression of u-PAR and the secretion of MMP-9. As u-PAR is a ligand for vitronectin, a composant of the extracellular matrix, these data could explain the increased adhesion of MDA-MB-231 to vitronectin, while cell adhesivity of MCF-7 and MCF-7 ras was unmodified by NaPa treatment. NaPa induced also an increased expression of both Lymphocyte Function-Associated-1 (LFA-1) and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which was obvious from 18 hour incubation with NaPa for the MDA-MB-231 cells, but was delayed (3 days) for MCF-7 and MCF-7 ras. Only neutralizing antibodies against LFA-1 reversed the decreased invasiveness of NaPa-treated cells. Therefore we can conclude that the strong inhibition of MDA-MB-231 invasiveness is not due to a decrease in proteases involved in cell migration (u-PA and MMP) but could be related both to the modification of cell structure and an increased expression of adhesion molecules such as u-PAR and LFA-1.
|
No pos
|
No neg
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.