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Vaishakha (Marathi: वैशाख) or Baisakha (Hindi: बैसाख) (Nepali: बैशाख) is a month of the Hindu calendar that corresponds to April/May in the Gregorian Calendar.[1] In the Indian national calendar Vaisakha is the second month of the year. It is the first month of the Nepali calendar (the Vikram Samvat) and the Bengali calendar (where it is called Boishakh).[2]


In the Hindu solar calendar, Vaisakha begins in mid-April in Bengal, Nepal and Punjab. In Tamil Nadu, it is known as Vaikasi and represents the second month of the Tamil solar calendar. In the Hindu lunar calendar, Vaisakha begins with the new moon in April and represents the second month of the lunar year. The name of the month is derived from the position of the Sun near the star Vishakha.[3] In the Vaishnava calendar, Madhusudana governs this month.

The month of Boishakh also marks the official start of Summer. The month is notorious for the afternoon storms called Kalboishakhi (Nor'wester).[4] The storms usually start with strong gusts from the north-western direction at the end of a hot day and cause widespread destruction.[5][6]


Pohela Boishakh celebration in Dhaka

The first day of Baishakh is celebrated as the Pôhela Boishak or Bangla New Year's Day.[7] The day is observed with cultural programs, festivals and carnivals all around the country. The day of is also the beginning of all business activities in Bangladesh and neighboring Indian state of West Bengal. The traders starts new fiscal account book called Halkhata.[8][9] The accounting in the Halkhata begins only after this day. It is celebrated with sweets and gifts with customers.[8]

The harvest festival of (Baisakhi) is celebrated in this month.

Vaisakha Purnima is celebrated as Buddha Purnima or the birthday of Gautama Buddha amongst southern Buddhists or the Theravada school. Purnima refers to the Full Moon. Known in Sinhalese as Vesak, it is observed in the full moon of May. Jallianwala Bagh massacre took place on the Punjabi New year day in Vaisakha Sukla Padyami.

Shukla Paksha Krishna Paksha
1. Prathama 1. Prathama
2. Dwitiya 2. Dwitiya
3. Tritiya 3. Tritiya
4. Chaturthi 4. Chaturthi
5. Panchami 5. Panchami
6. Shashti 6. Shashti
7. Saptami 7. Saptami
8. Ashtami 8. Ashtami
9. Navami 9. Navami
10.Dashami 10.Dashami
11.Ekadashi 11.Ekadashi
12.Dwadashi 12.Dwadashi
13.Thrayodashi 13.Thrayodashi
14.Chaturdashi 14.Chaturdashi
15.Purnima 15. Amavasya

See also[edit]


  2. ^ Boniface Mundu (2013). The Silent Short Stories: A Word of Truth. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. ISBN 9781492173311. 
  3. ^ "Another New Year,Another Resolution". Retrieved 1 June 2014. 
  4. ^ Rajib Shaw, Fuad Mallick, Aminul Islam (2013). Disaster Risk Reduction Approaches in Bangladesh. Springer. p. 98. ISBN 978-4-431-54252-0. 
  5. ^ "Kalboishakhis - Bangladesh's deadly storms". 29 April 2014. Retrieved 1 June 2014. 
  6. ^ S.M. Imamul Huq, Jalal Uddin Md. Shoaib (2013). The Soils of Bangladesh. Springer. pp. 15–16. ISBN 978-94-007-1128-0. 
  7. ^ Om Gupta (2006). Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Gyan Publishing House. p. 1904. ISBN 9788182053892. 
  8. ^ a b M H Haider (8 April 2014). "HAL KHATA TIME-BOUND, YET TIMELESS". Retrieved 1 June 2014. 
  9. ^ "Halkatha – An explanation". Retrieved 1 June 2014.