Lateral Flow

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) remains one of the world’s most widespread epizootic and highly contagious animal diseases. More than 100 countries are not yet recognized as officially free of FMD by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The rapid spread of the disease in affected animals generates significant economic losses worldwide. Based on serological tests, FMD virus (FMDV) is recognized as seven serotypes: O, A, C, Asia 1, SAT 1, SAT 2 and SAT 3. There are a large number of subtypes within each serotype due to extensive genetic and antigenic variation among them [1,2]. Among the seven serotypes of FMDV, O and A are the most widespread and currently found in Africa, the Middle East, Asia, limited area of South America and sporadically in Europe. Asia 1 is primarily found in Asia, periodically into the Middle East and occasionally Europe [3]. SAT 1, 2, and 3 are primarily restricted to Africa. Outbreaks of SAT 1