=pod =head1 NAME openssl-ca, ca - sample minimal CA application =head1 SYNOPSIS B B [B<-verbose>] [B<-config filename>] [B<-name section>] [B<-gencrl>] [B<-revoke file>] [B<-status serial>] [B<-updatedb>] [B<-crl_reason reason>] [B<-crl_hold instruction>] [B<-crl_compromise time>] [B<-crl_CA_compromise time>] [B<-crldays days>] [B<-crlhours hours>] [B<-crlexts section>] [B<-startdate date>] [B<-enddate date>] [B<-days arg>] [B<-md arg>] [B<-policy arg>] [B<-keyfile arg>] [B<-keyform PEM|DER>] [B<-key arg>] [B<-passin arg>] [B<-cert file>] [B<-selfsign>] [B<-in file>] [B<-out file>] [B<-notext>] [B<-outdir dir>] [B<-infiles>] [B<-spkac file>] [B<-ss_cert file>] [B<-preserveDN>] [B<-noemailDN>] [B<-batch>] [B<-msie_hack>] [B<-extensions section>] [B<-extfile section>] [B<-engine id>] [B<-subj arg>] [B<-utf8>] [B<-multivalue-rdn>] =head1 DESCRIPTION The B command is a minimal CA application. It can be used to sign certificate requests in a variety of forms and generate CRLs it also maintains a text database of issued certificates and their status. The options descriptions will be divided into each purpose. =head1 CA OPTIONS =over 4 =item B<-config filename> specifies the configuration file to use. =item B<-name section> specifies the configuration file section to use (overrides B in the B section). =item B<-in filename> an input filename containing a single certificate request to be signed by the CA. =item B<-ss_cert filename> a single self signed certificate to be signed by the CA. =item B<-spkac filename> a file containing a single Netscape signed public key and challenge and additional field values to be signed by the CA. See the B section for information on the required input and output format. =item B<-infiles> if present this should be the last option, all subsequent arguments are assumed to the the names of files containing certificate requests. =item B<-out filename> the output file to output certificates to. The default is standard output. The certificate details will also be printed out to this file in PEM format (except that B<-spkac> outputs DER format). =item B<-outdir directory> the directory to output certificates to. The certificate will be written to a filename consisting of the serial number in hex with ".pem" appended. =item B<-cert> the CA certificate file. =item B<-keyfile filename> the private key to sign requests with. =item B<-keyform PEM|DER> the format of the data in the private key file. The default is PEM. =item B<-key password> the password used to encrypt the private key. Since on some systems the command line arguments are visible (e.g. Unix with the 'ps' utility) this option should be used with caution. =item B<-selfsign> indicates the issued certificates are to be signed with the key the certificate requests were signed with (given with B<-keyfile>). Cerificate requests signed with a different key are ignored. If B<-spkac>, B<-ss_cert> or B<-gencrl> are given, B<-selfsign> is ignored. A consequence of using B<-selfsign> is that the self-signed certificate appears among the entries in the certificate database (see the configuration option B), and uses the same serial number counter as all other certificates sign with the self-signed certificate. =item B<-passin arg> the key password source. For more information about the format of B see the B section in L. =item B<-verbose> this prints extra details about the operations being performed. =item B<-notext> don't output the text form of a certificate to the output file. =item B<-startdate date> this allows the start date to be explicitly set. The format of the date is YYMMDDHHMMSSZ (the same as an ASN1 UTCTime structure). =item B<-enddate date> this allows the expiry date to be explicitly set. The format of the date is YYMMDDHHMMSSZ (the same as an ASN1 UTCTime structure). =item B<-days arg> the number of days to certify the certificate for. =item B<-md alg> the message digest to use. Possible values include md5, sha1 and mdc2. This option also applies to CRLs. =item B<-policy arg> this option defines the CA "policy" to use. This is a section in the configuration file which decides which fields should be mandatory or match the CA certificate. Check out the B section for more information. =item B<-msie_hack> this is a legacy option to make B work with very old versions of the IE certificate enrollment control "certenr3". It used UniversalStrings for almost everything. Since the old control has various security bugs its use is strongly discouraged. The newer control "Xenroll" does not need this option. =item B<-preserveDN> Normally the DN order of a certificate is the same as the order of the fields in the relevant policy section. When this option is set the order is the same as the request. This is largely for compatibility with the older IE enrollment control which would only accept certificates if their DNs match the order of the request. This is not needed for Xenroll. =item B<-noemailDN> The DN of a certificate can contain the EMAIL field if present in the request DN, however it is good policy just having the e-mail set into the altName extension of the certificate. When this option is set the EMAIL field is removed from the certificate' subject and set only in the, eventually present, extensions. The B keyword can be used in the configuration file to enable this behaviour. =item B<-batch> this sets the batch mode. In this mode no questions will be asked and all certificates will be certified automatically. =item B<-extensions section> the section of the configuration file containing certificate extensions to be added when a certificate is issued (defaults to B unless the B<-extfile> option is used). If no extension section is present then, a V1 certificate is created. If the extension section is present (even if it is empty), then a V3 certificate is created. See the:w L manual page for details of the extension section format. =item B<-extfile file> an additional configuration file to read certificate extensions from (using the default section unless the B<-extensions> option is also used). =item B<-engine id> specifying an engine (by its unique B string) will cause B to attempt to obtain a functional reference to the specified engine, thus initialising it if needed. The engine will then be set as the default for all available algorithms. =item B<-subj arg> supersedes subject name given in the request. The arg must be formatted as I, characters may be escaped by \ (backslash), no spaces are skipped. =item B<-utf8> this option causes field values to be interpreted as UTF8 strings, by default they are interpreted as ASCII. This means that the field values, whether prompted from a terminal or obtained from a configuration file, must be valid UTF8 strings. =item B<-multivalue-rdn> this option causes the -subj argument to be interpretedt with full support for multivalued RDNs. Example: I If -multi-rdn is not used then the UID value is I<123456+CN=John Doe>. =back =head1 CRL OPTIONS =over 4 =item B<-gencrl> this option generates a CRL based on information in the index file. =item B<-crldays num> the number of days before the next CRL is due. That is the days from now to place in the CRL nextUpdate field. =item B<-crlhours num> the number of hours before the next CRL is due. =item B<-revoke filename> a filename containing a certificate to revoke. =item B<-status serial> displays the revocation status of the certificate with the specified serial number and exits. =item B<-updatedb> Updates the database index to purge expired certificates. =item B<-crl_reason reason> revocation reason, where B is one of: B, B, B, B, B, B, B or B. The matching of B is case insensitive. Setting any revocation reason will make the CRL v2. In practive B is not particularly useful because it is only used in delta CRLs which are not currently implemented. =item B<-crl_hold instruction> This sets the CRL revocation reason code to B and the hold instruction to B which must be an OID. Although any OID can be used only B (the use of which is discouraged by RFC2459) B or B will normally be used. =item B<-crl_compromise time> This sets the revocation reason to B and the compromise time to B