Commonly Used Chinese Herb Formulas with Illustrations - Bupleurum and Chih-shih Formula (Si Ni San)


0506 四逆散 (Si Ni San)


Bupleurum and Chih-shih Formula


Frigid Extremities Powder



Chinese Name

Pharmaceutical Name

Pin Yin Name

English Name


Radix Glycyrrhizae

Gan Cao



Fructus Aurantii immaturus

Zhi Shi

Zhi Shih


Radix Bupleuri

Chai Hu



Radix Paeoniae alba

Bai Shao

White Peony


Classic Literature Reference

Shang Han Lun (Treatise on Febrile Diseases, 206).

Compiler: Zhang, Zhong-jingo




1. Yang qi suppressed by pathogenic factors characterized by cold hands and feet, chest and abdominal distention and fullness.

2. Disharmony between the Liver and Stomach marked by chest and hypochondriac pain and epigastric and abdominal distending pain, diarrhea, and a wiry pulse.

3. Disharmony between the Liver and Spleen marked by depression, poor appetite, irritability, anxiety, epigastric and abdominal aches, distension and pain in the breasts, irregular menstruation, a red tongue, and a wiry pulse.

Modern: Gastritis, neurosis, hysteria, peptic ulcer, hepatitis, intercostal neuralgia, cholecystitis, mastadenitis, dysmenorrhea, epilepsy, uretheral obstruction, and peritonitis.

Pattern of Disharmony between the Liver and Spleen


Herbs and Actions




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Referencesfor members only

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