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Andy Cotgreave, Sr.

Data Visualization Evangelist

6 Best Practices for Creating

Effective Dashboards

Dashboards are an effective tool for distilling data into actionable insights; still, theyre often
an overlooked and underutilized tool.

Well-planned dashboards can align your organizations efforts, speed up decision-making,

track performance outcomes, and increase ROI. Yet too often mistakes are made in the
actual creation of dashboardsmany times at the expense of efficiency, accuracy and
hours of lost time.

In order to see and understand the complete picture and make fast, data-driven decisions,
youll need to build dashboards that can show you whats really happening across many
in-depth views of performance. The single source of truth dashboard is no myth.

So how do you build dashboards that will live up to this promise? How do you build the
dashboards that are just right for your goals, your team, and your company?

Dashboards that meet these needs offer data-agnostic connections and the ability to blend
multiple data sources. They also present data visually for faster understanding and allow
sharing and mobile options for better collaboration and convenience.

For improved dashboards, start by considering the following six best practices;
equally important, keep an eye out for a bonus section with five critical mistakes you dont
want to make.


Connect to All of Your Data

Blend Your Data Together
Choose Metrics that Matter
Use Better Visualizations
Use your Data in the Field
Share for Collaboration


Connect to All of Your Data

The concept of being

mobile and accessing
data is what its all about
these days. We wanted
to liberate the data and
get it out to our users. Im
not having to worry about
firewalls and configuring
things correctly. Its there
in the cloud, secure for
my key executives to
access anytimeeven
on a JetSuite aircraft
at 40,000 feet.
Steve Roy, IT director at JetSuite

So you have data and you want to analyze and learn from it in a dashboard.
Chances are you have a lot of data in many different places. For starters,
you need to connect to all of the datainternal or externalthat can shed light
on the questions youre trying to answer. Dont settle for only data thats easy to
access. If youre making key business decisions with dashboards, it is critical to
begin with all of your relevant data, no matter where it lives.
There once was a time when organizations aspired to have all of their data in one
place. But with todays continuous innovation, its no longer necessary or even
a best practice.
Cloud-based analytics solutions are now on par with on-premise technology in
terms of reliability, performance, security and flexibility. The new best practice
is having access to data wherever it resides, whether an on-premise warehouse
or in the cloud.
JetSuite, a private jet charter company headquartered in Irvine, California,
needed to speed up their decision-making with dashboards. But they found that
centralizing their data to only a select few decision makers actually slowed the
company down.
I think weve realized over time that centralizing all of that data and trying to have
one centralized group come up with all of the data-driven decision making just no
longer works. And its slow, tooits extraordinarily slow, explained Keith Rabin,
president at JetSuite.
So we have to drive decision-making and that power down to our managers,
and they have to ultimately be responsible for it. In order to do that, you have to
give them [the ability] to take these big data sets that come from different systems

Watch to learn how JetSuite

uses dashboards to improve
performance and decision-making
throughout the organization.

and different databases and be able to connect them all together and see the data
that they need to see to make their decisions, he continued.
By empowering the organization with all of the right data from many different
sources, JetSuites dashboards have helped everyone become more effective at
doing their jobs.

Not only do you have choices on where to store your data, but you also have
a choice of where to interact with it. You may build your dashboard from your
desktop, but you probably want to make sure that the right people can view and
interact with itwherever they are. Whether its a co-worker in another region or
a sales team of road warriors working from mobile devices, you need to provide
secure, convenient access to your dashboards or they wont be used. Staying
As cloud solutions for data
visualization become standard in
business infrastructure, people
are looking for cloud adoption
strategies that work. Read this
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flexible for your particular needs is key.

The concept of being mobile and accessing data is what its all about these
days. We wanted to liberate the data and get it out to our users, explained
Steve Roy, IT Director at JetSuite. Im not having to worry about firewalls and
configuring things correctly. Its there in the cloud, secure for my key executives
to access anytimeeven on a JetSuite aircraft at 40,000 feet.
There are all kinds of decisions that are happening faster at JetSuite because the
organization uses all of their data in many different places. These faster decisions
are all possible because JetSuite publishes all of their dashboards to the cloud.
And what about those faster decisions? I would say [they are] more accurate.
And those are the things you have to have in business today, Rabin said.
Unlock your datas greatest potential by using all of your data anywhere or way
you wantno matter where it lives, in the cloud, or on-premise.


Blend Your Data Together

One set of data alone can be less powerful than two data sets. For example,
if youre in sales, a dashboard with profit data alonewithout territory, company,
or marketing datahas a lessened value as it only supports a limited range of
Most companies have come to realize the old goal of loading all the data into a
single storage destination is a losing gamenew data sources pop up regularly

Watch to learn how Unilever uses

data blending to unlock the best
information about consumers in
their many different markets.

and the business needs the data now, not in six weeks or six months.
The answer is combining or blending data from multiple sources. By joining
different data sets on a common field, you can get a single, holistic view of things
like performance and track completion of goals at every step of your process.
Unilever, a global consumer goods company, uses data dashboards to learn more
about consumer and customer trends on a granular level. From long-established
names like Dove, Sunlight and Ponds to new innovations such as the Pureit
affordable water purifier, Unilevers range of consumer products and brands is
as diverse as its worldwide consumer base. That makes for a lot of different data
sets to sift though.
Director of analytics, Rishi Kumar discusses how blending data impacts Unilevers
ability to answer questions about consumers.
One of the interesting parts about being in consumer goods is that you get a
rich variety of datayou get qualitative data about the sentiments of your brand,
but you also get really concrete quantitative data about purchase behavior, so
what people are putting into a basket through loyalty cards. You also get broader
market perspectives through ACNielsen and IRI and so on, he explained.
Its important Unilever is able to blend all this data together to understand why
people are entering the shop, ultimately filling their basket with Unilever products,
and determine based on those drivers what are the likely products or trends that
we need to take part in as an organization. The beauty I think really is that youre
enabling decisions that would not otherwise be available. Theres a sort of higher
quality of decision-making, he said.
Unilevers dashboards blend data to help bridge the gap between the global
perspective and the local perspective. They enable managers the ability to drill
down to the level of detail they each need to understand their questions about
their segment of the business.
Regardless of data type, blending your data on common field will elevate
understanding and decision-making.


Choose Metrics that Matter

Selecting relevant metrics to include in your dashboard is critical. Above all,
the metrics must be relevant to the job at hand. But that doesnt mean every
metric should be included far from it. You should be highly selective in
determining which metrics earn a spot on your dashboard.
In order to find the right set of metrics to include, you need to consider
the following:

How does each metric contribute to your objectives?

Can you design a meaningful metric that measures those contributions?
Is this metric truly necessary to contribute to the objectives?
Can you build a systematic and ongoing means of measurement?
If youre operating in a highly competitive market, then consider incorporating third-party
marketshare metrics.
The litmus test is whether you can clearly explain how every metric on your dashboard connects
to your organizations objectives.

While most performance metrics allow leaders to discover what is happening,

the right metrics will help users ask and answer questions to discover why.
Be sure you can clearly explain how every metric on your dashboard connects
to organizational objectives and the mission.

For example, this dashboard showcases how to measure performance properly.

By measuring year-to-date (YTD) performance against budget in the same period
over two years, detailed metrics match up directly with the goals and help answer
questions like:

What are the growth rates?

Are there outliers or abnormal trends?

Have the performance goals been met?

In this dashboard, the top six sets of views are net sales, gross profit, operating income, gross margin, operating margin,
and net margin. Each set of views shows YTD results (the bar), growth from last year (the number in parenthesis), budget
(the vertical line), and quarterly trends (the line chart). At the bottom is a detailed cross-tab where we break down the top six
sets of measures by product category. You can use the Product Category header box to switch your view to region, channel,
or customer segments. You can also use the filter panel on the top level to filter the entire dashboard.
Click into this dashboard to interact and learn more from this data set.


Utilize Better Visualizations

Dashboards are meant to be easy and fast to read. Number-based tables and
spreadsheets are often the opposite. This is a use case where a picture really
is worth a thousand words.
When asking big questions, youll need freedom and flexibility to explore your
answers in different visual structures. In todays marketplace, the basic, built-in
charts are just table stakes, and the real data wins are found in multiple types of
advanced visuals.
Core to modern visualizations:

Not everything has to be a pie chart or a bar chart. Because the human

Which chart or graph is right

for you? Read this whitepaper
next and take a deeper dive
into improving your dashboards
with better visualizations.

brain processes a number, a visualization, or a picture as single chunk of

information, the process of comprehension and gaining insight is dramatically
faster when data is visually displayed on a dashboard in various graphs
and charts.
Utilizing multiple types of visualizations, colors and filters in a dashboard,
you can quickly understand and share the complete picture and get to the
bottom of all those questions that standard reports just dont anticipate.

Current & Interactive

Need answers on the fly in an important meeting?
Data can be from this quarter, this week, this hour, or thirty seconds ago
theres no doubt about it, real-time data will elevate your operations.
Interactive dashboards with a current data feed can enable important
analytical tasks, such as filtering views, adjusting parameters, performing
quick calculations, and drilling down to examine underlying data. Answer the
unanticipated questions immediately with a few mouse clicks.

Forward Looking
Utilizing visuals to look at a time trend for a seasonal influence gives you the
ability to forecast and plan appropriately. Make decisions by applying data for
historically slow quarters, summer slumps, and end-of-year booms.

For sales executives, operational efficiency and financial results are top priorities.
By employing these better visualization tips, this executive overview dashboard
provides a scan-friendly overview of key executive metrics such as number of
reps, number of wins, win rates, revenue, sales discount, commissions, plus a
YTD revenue map and a trend chart. This simple, yet powerful dashboard allows
all involved parties to monitor individual performance, regional performance,
comparative sales results and upcoming pipeline opportunities.

Click into this executive overview dashboard to interact and learn more from these sales operations visualizations.



Use your Data in the Field

With the ability to be

mobile, now delivery
workers have the option
to be on the truck,
looking at their iPad,
understanding how
theyre doing when
they are driving to
a certain location or
route they are on.
Kevin King, Director of Reporting
and Analytics at CCBCC

Its true, people are spending less time at their desks, but they still get more work
done. Thats because they arent any less informed by data while on the go.
The good news is that the mobile solutions for analytics tools, which emerged
years ago, are reaching a level of maturity for business users. Mobile analytics
is transitioning from limited, standalone apps to analytics that integrate seamlessly
with the tools you use everyday. Mobile business intelligence is finally fulfilling the
promise of a 30-year-old industry: to provide information when and where
its needed.
This means mobile workers on the road, in different parts of a warehouse, or in
different cities can all analyze data and collaborate within the same supply chain.
The Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated (CCBCC), the largest independent
Coca-Cola bottling firm in the U.S., needed to solve a huge bottleneck reporting
issue due to a limited availability of reports.
By providing more than 800 employees with daily dashboard updates on mobile
devices, CCBCC has significantly improved their ability to track, combat and
shrink a million-dollar dilemma.
CCBCC s senior business analyst Shawn Crenshaw explains how the company
uses data in the field to improve the operational supply chain.
We do most of the reporting for sales and delivery, so anything that ranges for
the people selling the product to people delivering the product, we handle that

Watch this on-demand webinar

to learn how the Coca-Cola
Bottling Co. used iPads to
deploy dashboards to their field
delivery and sales teams

reporting. We range from marketing to a home market, which is essentially where

you see the big stores at Walmart, in the pub, at your grocery stores, how were
doing in those stores, to the delivery of the actual product, Crenshaw said.
For example, CCBCC deploys a daily field operations dashboard, primarily
for workers making the actual case deliveries. Prior to having access to this
dashboard, delivery teams spent an enormous amount of time trying to figure
out which deliveries to make next. They needed to know where the most
profitable, most efficient deliveries could be made, and not spend days and hours
solving that puzzle.


With the ability to be mobile, now delivery workers have the option to be on the
truck, looking at their iPad, understanding how theyre doing when they are driving
to a certain location or route they are on, said Kevin King, director of reporting
and analytics at CCBCC.
The guys in the field love this, because they want to have the ability to see data
in real-time for on-the-spot decision making, he continued.

This dashboard is an example of how CCBCC uses a field operations dashboard to make decisions on the go. It is broken
down into various areas of need for delivery teams such as invoices, delivery performance, timelines for delivery of cases.
It also has the ability to drill down to see more detail in specific territories and branches.



Share for Collaboration

Sharing information is what dashboards are all about. Dashboards are so
powerful because they get everyone looking at the same page. If no one can
access or interact with your dashboard, it wont matter if youve mastered the list
above. This is why its important to make sure that your dashboards are easy to
share and view.
Try using simple browser-based distribution to share your dashboards, especially
if they can pull recent data and adhere to security. Make it easy for people to click
on a link and go right to the dashboard, whether theyre at their desk or on their
mobile device.
Your organization may also want to embed dashboards in existing reporting tools,
intranets and other internal web-based resources.
As you get your dashboards off the ground, test your distribution plan and get
feedback. Like any successful project, the key is good testing. As you gain
experience and learn what people are using, you can enhance and update your
dashboards, as well as the distribution process.
Once different users interact with the same data sets, viewers will have
unique questions about what they see. It is important that every user within an
organization can interact with the same data to get the answers to the different
questions they have.
For example, this dashboard, connected directly with Google Analytics allows
users to easily follow a link, click and interact with visualizations to see traffic
trends for a website. Anyone within an organization can take a deep dive, play and
explore this information very quickly.

This dashboard is connected with Google Analytics and shows website traffic trends by country, section of website visited and number of visits in a
given time period. Users can drill down to examine visitor behavior by visualizing the breakdown of exits, bounces and conversions. Click into this
dashboard to interact and learn more.


The Five Donts

Now that weve outlined the must-dos of dashboards, here is a quick list of
common mistakes to avoid:
1. Starting off with too much complexity
Its easy to get overly ambitious and want to provide highly detailed, real-time
dashboards that cover every business challenge and offers users lots of
drill-down options. Dont spend weeks or months coming up with a perfect
dashboard. Instead, work in short cycles of prototype, test, and adjust.
2. Using metrics no one understands
The way you show and label metrics might make sense to you, but are they
meaningful to others? Your metrics can be so familiar to you that you dont
take the step to validate them with others. Make sure your metrics not only
support the objectives of the dashboard, but also make sense to the audience
that will encounter it.
3. Cluttering the dashboard with low-value graphics and widgets
Resist the temptation to make your dashboard too flashy or over-designed
with gauge-like graphics and widgets. As pretty as those may seem, they get
in the way of your dashboards objective: rapidly and easily informing your
audience. Keep your dashboard simple in its visual appeal.
4. Waiting for complex technology and big business intelligence
deployment projects
Traditional business intelligence implementations often take much longer
than originally anticipated. Waiting for a traditional BI project to materialize
may mean months or years of delay. Use applications that help you build and
distribute dashboards quickly.
5. Underestimating the need to maintain the dashboard
Rolling out a dashboard is not a once-and-done exercise. If you dont check
in with your audience to validate the metrics are relevant and the data is
updated, it wont get used. Make sure youre validating the usefulness of your
dashboard on a regular basis.


What number can you hit? What deals can you close? How can you improve your
supply chain? How many lives can be saved? What changes can you make this
very moment for a better outcome?
The hallmark of data-driven dashboards is the ability to see and understand
data at the speed of thought. By allowing both business leaders and knowledge
workers alike to ask and answer questions in real-time, dashboards turn insights
into action and inspire true innovation.

Read this whitepaper for additional

simple techniques for making every
visualization useful and beautiful.


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