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25879911
|
Beni Amrane
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type = Municipality
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Ahmed AFRA (FFS)
|established_title = APC
|established_date = 2012-2017
|area_magnitude |unit_prefImperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =23621
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates
|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type CP
|postal_code = 35425
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Beni Amrane is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 21,452.
Villages
The villages of the commune of Beni Amrane are:
History
French conquest
* Expedition of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1837)
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
* Battle of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1871)
Algerian Revolution
* Ferme Gauthier
Terrorist bombings
* 2008 Beni Amrane bombings (9 June 2008)
Rivers
]]
This commune is crossed by several rivers:
* Boumerdès River
* Corso River
* Isser River
* Meraldene River
Football clubs
{| class"wikitable sortable" width75% style="font-size:90%"
|-
! Club
! Division
! Level
! Location
! Logo
|-
| US Beni Amrane || Ligue de Football de la Wilaya || 3 || Beni Amrane ||
|-
|}
Notable people
*Boualem Boukacem (born 1957), Algerian artist.
*Maamar Bettayeb (born 1953), Algerian academician.
*Mohamed Hassaïne (1945-1994), Algerian journalist.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beni_Amrane
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.500084
|
25879912
|
Pierre Robert (composer)
|
Pierre Robert ( – 30 December 1699) was a French composer and early master of the French grand motet.
Biography
Robert was educated at the boys choir, or maîtrise, of Notre Dame de Paris under the direction of Henry Frémart, Jean Francois, and Cosset Veillot before being appointed master of music at the Senlis Cathedral in 1643. In 1650, he went to the Cathedral of Chartres before returning to Senlis in March 1652. On 28 April 1653, he was appointed music master of Notre Dame de Paris, replacing Valentin de Bournonville. Robert remained ten years as head of the maîtrise.
In 1663, Louis XIV chose him with Henry Du Mont to occupy one of the four posts of Assistant Master of the Chapelle Royale. He initially filled this function in conjunction with Thomas Gobert, Gabriel Expilly and Henry Du Mont, though Gobert and Expilly resigned in 1668. Du Mont and Robert developed the grand motet, the characteristic genre of French baroque sacred music. Du Mont and Robert retired in 1682 when Louis XIV relocated the court to Versailles, and a competition was held to find four replacements among thirty five contenders; the four chosen were Michel Richard Delalande, Pascal Collasse and two minor composers Nicolas Coupillet, and Guillaume Minoret. Among those passed over were Paolo Lorenzani, Guillaume-Gabriel Nivers, Jean-Féry Rebel, Henry Desmarets and Marc-Antoine Charpentier who withdrew from the competition because of illness.
Robert died in Paris and was buried at Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs.
Works
2 contrapuntal motets, prior to 1663: Regina Coeli (2 versions), Tristis est anima mea
24 grands motets for the Chapelle du roi - published in Paris by Christophe Ballard in 1684.
De profundis
Quare fremuerunt gentes
Te decet hymnus
Nisi Dominus
Bonum est confiteri Domine
Conserva me Domine
Veniat dilectus meus
Laudate Dominum
Exultate justi in Domino
10 elevations (petits motets) for the Chapelle du roi
3 hymns plainchant on poems of Jean Santeul for the new breviary of Paris (1680)
Discography
Pierre Robert - Grands Motets: De profundis, Quare fremuerunt gentes, Te decet hymnus, Nisi Dominus, Musica Florea, Olivier Schneebeli 2009 K617
References
External links
Category:1610s births
Category:1699 deaths
Category:French male classical composers
Category:French Baroque composers
Category:17th-century French classical composers
Category:17th-century French male musicians
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Robert_(composer)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.507202
|
25879922
|
Now and Forever (You and Me)
|
| producer = David Foster
| prev_title = I Don't Think I'm Ready for You
| prev_year = 1985
| next_title = Who's Leaving Who
| next_year = 1986
}}
"Now and Forever (You and Me)" is a 1986 song written by David Foster, Randy Goodrum and Jim Vallance and recorded by Canadian country music artist Anne Murray. It was aided by a popular music video, filmed in Toronto. The back-up vocal was sung by Richard Page, lead singer for the pop group Mr. Mister. It was released in January 1986 as the first single from her twentieth studio album Something to Talk About.
The song was Murray's tenth and final number one hit on the U.S. Country singles chart and spent six weeks on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 92 (Murray's final song to cross over to that chart). It remained for a total of nineteen weeks on the Billboard Country chart. The song was the last number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts by a non-American until fellow Canadian Shania Twain's "Any Man of Mine" reached number one in 1995.Chart performance{|class"wikitable sortable"
!Chart (1986)
!Peak<br />position
|-
|Canadian RPM Country Tracks
|align="center"|1
|-
|Canadian RPM Adult Contemporary Tracks
|align="center"|2
|-
|Canadian RPM Top Singles
|align="center"|12
|-
|-
|U.S. Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks
|align="center"|7
|-
|U.S. Billboard Hot 100
|align="center"|92
|}
Notable appearances
* This song played during the closing credits of the episode of the American daytime soap opera All My Children on 24 March 1986.
* The song was used for the Sophia and C.C. characters on the American serial Santa Barbara.
References
Category:1986 singles
Category:1986 songs
Category:Anne Murray songs
Category:Songs written by David Foster
Category:Songs written by Randy Goodrum
Category:Songs written by Jim Vallance
Category:Song recordings produced by David Foster
Category:Capitol Records singles
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Now_and_Forever_(You_and_Me)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.541233
|
25879923
|
Boudouaou-El-Bahri
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =10512
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates
|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type
|postal_code |area_code
|blank_name |blank_info
|website |footnotes
}}
Boudouaou-El-Bahri is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 10,512.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boudouaou-El-Bahri
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.560441
|
25879925
|
ESR meter
|
}}
An ESR meter is a two-terminal electronic measuring instrument designed and used primarily to measure the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of real capacitors; usually without the need to disconnect the capacitor from the circuit it is connected to. Other types of meters used for routine servicing, including normal capacitance meters, cannot be used to measure a capacitor's ESR, although combined meters are available that measure both ESR and out-of-circuit capacitance. A standard (DC) milliohmmeter or multimeter cannot be used to measure ESR, because a steady direct current cannot be passed through the capacitor.
Most ESR meters can also be used to measure non-inductive low-value resistances, whether or not associated with a capacitor; this leads to several additional applications described below.
Need for ESR measurement
Aluminium electrolytic capacitors have a relatively high ESR that increases with age, heat, and ripple current; this can cause the equipment using them to malfunction. In older equipment, this tended to cause hum and degraded operation; modern equipment, in particular switch-mode power supplies, is very sensitive to ESR, and a capacitor with high ESR can cause equipment to malfunction or cause permanent damage requiring repair, typically by causing power supply voltages to become excessively high. Electrolytic capacitors are, nevertheless, very often used because they are inexpensive and have a very high capacitance per unit volume or weight; typically, these capacitors have capacitance from about one microfarad to tens of thousands of microfarads.
Capacitors with faults leading to high ESR often overheat and thereafter bulge and leak as the electrolyte chemicals decompose into gases, making them somewhat easy to identify visually; however, capacitors that appear visually perfect may still have high ESR, detectable only by measurement.
Precise measurement of ESR is rarely necessary, and any usable meter is adequate for troubleshooting. When precision is required, measurements must be taken under appropriately specified conditions, because ESR varies with frequency, applied voltage, and temperature. A general-purpose ESR meter operating with a fixed frequency and waveform will usually be unsuitable for precise laboratory measurements.
Methods of ESR measurement
Measuring ESR can be done by applying an alternating voltage at a frequency at which the capacitor's reactance is negligible, in a voltage divider configuration.
It is easy to check ESR well enough for troubleshooting by using an improvised ESR meter comprising a simple square-wave generator and oscilloscope, or a sinewave generator of a few tens of kilohertz and an AC voltmeter, using a known good capacitor for comparison, or by using a little mathematics.
A professional ESR meter is more convenient for checking multiple capacitors rapidly.
A standard measurement bridge, and many LCR and Q meters, can also measure ESR accurately, in addition to many other circuit parameters. The dedicated ESR meter is a relatively inexpensive special-purpose instrument of modest accuracy, used mainly to identify capacitors with unacceptably large ESR and sometimes to measure other low resistances; measurements of other parameters cannot be made.
Principles of ESR meter operation
Most ESR meters work by discharging a real electrolytic capacitor (more or less equivalent to an ideal capacitor in series with an unwanted resistance, the ESR) and passing an electric current through it for a short time, too short for it to charge appreciably. This will produce a voltage across the device equal to the product of the current and the ESR plus a negligible contribution from a small charge in the capacitor; this voltage is measured and its value divided by the current (i.e., the ESR) shown in ohms or milliohms on a digital display or by the position of a pointer on a scale. The process is repeated tens or hundreds of thousands of times a second.
Alternatively, an alternating current at a frequency high enough that the capacitor's reactance is much less than the ESR can be used. Circuit parameters are usually chosen to give meaningful results for capacitance from about one microfarad up, a range that covers typical aluminium capacitors whose ESR tends to become unacceptably high.
Interpretation of readings
An acceptable ESR value depends upon capacitance (larger capacitors usually have lower ESR) and may be read from a table of "typical" values, or compared with a new component. In principle, the capacitor manufacturer's upper limit specification for ESR can be looked up in a datasheet, but this is usually unnecessary. When a capacitor whose ESR is critical degrades, power dissipation as the ESR increases usually causes a rapid and large runaway increase, so go/no-go measurement is usually good enough as the ESR often rapidly moves from a clearly acceptable to a clearly unacceptable level; an ESR of over a few ohms (less for a large capacitor) is unacceptable.
In a practical circuit, the ESR will be much lower than any other resistance in parallel with the capacitor, so it is not necessary to disconnect the component, and an in-circuit measurement can be made. Practical ESR meters use a voltage too low to switch on any semiconductor junctions that may be present in the circuit; this might present a low "on" impedance that would interfere with measurements.
Limitations
* An ESR meter does not measure the capacitance of a capacitor; the capacitor must be disconnected from the circuit and measured with a capacitance meter (or a multimeter with this capability). Excessive ESR is far more likely to be an identifiable problem with aluminium electrolytics rather than out-of-tolerance capacitance, which is rare in capacitors with acceptable ESR.
* A faulty short-circuited capacitor will incorrectly be identified by an ESR meter as having ideally low ESR, but an ohmmeter or multimeter can easily detect this case, which is much rarer in practice than high ESR. It is possible to connect the test probes to an ESR meter and ohmmeter in parallel to check for both shorts and ESR in one operation; some meters both measure ESR and detect short circuits.
* ESR may depend upon operating conditions (mainly applied voltage and temperature); a capacitor that has excessive ESR at operating temperature and voltage may test as good if measured cold and unpowered. Some circuit faults due to such intermittent capacitors can be identified by using freeze spray; if cooling the capacitor restores correct operation, it is faulty.
* An ESR meter can be damaged by connection to a capacitor with a significant voltage across it, either because of residual stored charge or in a live circuit. Protective diodes across the input will minimise this risk, but then the meter can no longer be used to measure battery internal resistance.
* When an ESR meter is used as a milliohmmeter, any significant inductance present between the test probes will make measurements meaningless. For example, an ESR meter is unsuitable for measuring resistance in transformer windings because of their inductive characteristics. This effect is significant enough that test probes with coiled cords should not be used due to their inductance.
Other uses of ESR meters
An ESR meter is more accurately described as a pulsed or high-frequency AC milliohmmeter (depending upon type), and it can be used to measure any low resistance. An ESR meter with no back-to-back protective diodes across its input can measure the internal resistance of batteries (many batteries end their useful life largely due to increased internal resistance, rather than low EMF). Depending upon the exact circuit used, an ESR meter may also be used to measure the contact resistance of switches, the resistance of sections of printed circuit (PCB) track, etc.
While there are specialised instruments to detect short circuits between adjacent PCB tracks, an ESR meter is useful because it can measure low resistances while injecting a voltage too low to confuse readings by switching on semiconductor junctions in the circuit. An ESR meter can be used to find short circuits, even finding which of a group of capacitors or transistors connected in parallel by printed circuit tracks or wires is short-circuited. Many conventional ohmmeters and multimeters are not usable for very low resistances, and those capable of measuring low resistance typically use a voltage high enough to switch on semiconductor junctions, falsifying resistance readings.
Tweezer probes are useful when test points are closely spaced, such as in equipment made with surface mount technology. The tweezer probes can be held in one hand, leaving the other hand free to steady or manipulate the equipment being tested.
History
The first major device to measure in-circuit ESR was based on Carl W. Vette's 1978 under the Creative Electronics brand. The Creative Electronics ESR meter was the primary device many used for the duration of the patent. The patent expired in 1998 when many other companies entered the market.
Additional patents extended the original work, including John G. Bachman's 2001 See also
* Q meter
* LCR meter
References
Category:Electronic test equipment
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESR_meter
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.567300
|
25879930
|
Bouzegza Keddara
|
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Boumerdès Province
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 | subdivision_type3
| subdivision_name3 | government_footnotes
| government_type | leader_title
| leader_name | established_title
| established_date | area_magnitude
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes | area_total_km2
| area_land_km2 | population_as_of 1998
| population_footnotes | population_note
| population_total = 8484
| population_density_km2 | timezone CET
| utc_offset = +1
| coordinates | elevation_footnotes
| elevation_m | elevation_ft
| postal_code_type | postal_code
| area_code | blank_name
| blank_info | website
| footnotes =
}}
Bouzegza Keddara is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria.
Population
According to the 1998 census it has a population of 8,484.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouzegza_Keddara
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.590365
|
25879941
|
Chabet el Ameur
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =30223
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Chabet el Ameur (, ) is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 30,223.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
* Ali Laskri, Algerian politician.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chabet_el_Ameur
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.630395
|
25879951
|
Corso (City in Algeria)
|
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Boumerdès Province
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 = Boumerdès District
| subdivision_type3 | subdivision_name3
| government_footnotes | government_type
| leader_title | leader_name
| established_title | established_date
| area_magnitude | unit_pref Imperial
| area_footnotes | area_total_km2 22.41
| area_land_km2 | population_as_of 2008
| population_footnotes | population_note
| population_total = 20705
| population_density_km2 = 924
| timezone = CET
| utc_offset = +1
| coordinates
| elevation_footnotes | elevation_m
| elevation_ft | postal_code_type
| postal_code | area_code 3519
| blank_name | blank_info
| website | footnotes
}}
Corso (قورصو in Arabic) is a city in Boumerdès Province, Algeria located 25 km east of Algiers. According to the 2008 census, this town has a population of 20,705.
Localities
The municipality is composed of two main cities, the city of Corso (chief town), and the agglomeration of Berrahmoune and several secondary agglomerations like Traykia, Haouch Mahfoud Ben Abdelkader, and Ouled Ben Bakhta.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corso_(City_in_Algeria)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.636573
|
25879968
|
Djinet
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = Boumerdès
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 = Bordj Ménaïl
|subdivision_type3 |subdivision_name3
|government_footnotes |government_type
|leader_title |leader_name
|established_title |established_date
|area_magnitude |unit_pref Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 21966
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates
|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type
|postal_code |area_code
|blank_name |blank_info
|website |footnotes
}}
Djinet (Arabic: جنّات Jannāt), the classical Cissi, is a port town and commune in the Bordj Menaïel District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria, east of the mouth of the Isser River and around Cape Djinet. As of 2008, the population of the municipality is 21,966.
The town is particularly notable for its power plant and accompanying desalination unit. A fishing port recently built there, originally scheduled to open in 2007, became fully operational only in 2016 due to problems with sand accumulation.
History
Djinet was a Phoenician and Carthaginian colony under the name Kissi or Kishi (𐤔}}, , if Lipiński's interpretation of an inscription found there is accepted) The name was hellenized as Kissḗ.
After the Punic Wars, it fell under Roman control. Its name was Latinized as Cissi and it was placed into the province of Mauretania Caesariensis. It appeared on the Tabula Peutingeriana. The ruins of a 4th or 5th-century Christian church could still be easily distinguished at Cape Djinet up to the 19th century, but little trace now remains. It was known to medieval European geographers as Berengereto''. By the 18th century, Djinet was a small port town serving the farmers of the surrounding lowlands, described by Thomas Shaw in the following terms:
: ...we come to the little port of Jinnett, from which a great quantity of grain is shipped off yearly to Christendom. Jinnett is a small creek, with tolerably good anchoring grounds before it; and was probably Edrisi's Mers' el Dajaje, or Port of Hens. I was told that Jinnett, or Paradise, was given to this place, on account of a row-boat, which was once very providentially conducted within the creek, when the mariners expected every moment to have perished upon the neighbouring rocks.
The area was conquered by France in 1837 in the wake of the First Battle of the Issers, and remained under French rule until Algeria's independence in 1962.
In 1986, a gas-powered thermal power plant was commissioned at Djinet, manufactured by Siemens with a capacity of 704 MW.Ecclesiastical history
Roman Cissi was a Christian bishopric, suffragan to the metropolitan of Carthage. The names of two of its bishops are known:
* At a Conference of Carthage (411) between Catholic and schismatic Donatist bishops, where their heresy was condemned as such, Cissi was represented only by a Donatist bishop named Flavosus. The Latin adjective referring to Cissi, Cissitanus, is applied to him in the account of that conference. In the 19th century, Morcelli took the adjective Cessitanus to refer to Cissi, and supposed instead that the name of the Cissi bishop at the conference was Quodvultdeus, whom Ferron rather attributed to the see of Cissita,
The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as the Catholic titular bishopric of Cissi (). Its bishops have been:
* Jean de Capistran Aimé Cayer, OFM (1949.06.17 – 1978.04.13)
* Augusto Vargas Alzamora, SJ (1978.06.08 – 1989.12.30)
* Olindo Natale Spagnolo Martellozzo, MCCJ (1990.02.02 – 2008.07.23)
* Enrique Eguía Seguí (2008.09.04 to present), Auxiliary Bishop of Archdiocese of Buenos Aires
Transport
Djinet is connected to the rest of the country through a single main road: RN 24, a coastal road leading to Algiers in the west (via Zemmouri) and Bejaia in the east (via Dellys).
Notable people
See also
* List of Catholic dioceses in Algeria
* Al-arbaâ Valley
References
Citations
Bibliography
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/former/t0520.htm GCatholic - (former &) titular bishopric]
* XII |locationParis |date1953 |atcol. 851-852 }}.
* 127, Studia Phoenicia, Vol.XVIII |publisherUitgeverij Peeters |locationLeuven |date2004 |urlhttps://books.google.com/books?idSLSzNfdcqfoC |isbn=9789042913448 }}.
* I |locationBrescia |date1816 |page=138 }}.
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Phoenician colonies in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djinet
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.674358
|
25879973
|
El Kharrouba
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =8143
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
El Kharrouba is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 8,143.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Kharrouba
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.741501
|
25879979
|
InterCasino
|
}}
InterCasino established the first online casino in 1996 and is part of the InterCasino Group, which is owned and operated by CryptoLogic Operations Ltd, a subsidiary of Goldstar Acquisitionco Inc. Registered in Malta, it is regulated by the Lotteries & Gaming Authority of Malta.
History
Intercasino was created on November 17, 1996. after the business was initially launched in Antigua by William "Billy" Scott, a former Ohio bookmaker. In 1998, he was charged by prosecutors in the US for illegally taking sports bets online and the business is now in the hands of new owners.
InterCasino's online platforms are powered by WagerLogic software, a division of CryptoLogic.
In 2002, InterCasino launched InterCasinoPoker, a poker room. InterCasino is regulated by Malta The name was later shortened to InterPoker. The following year, Gambling Online magazine voted InterCasino as 'Top Online Casino', an accolade it also won in 2004 (jointly with Omnicasino), 2005 and 2006. In 2007 it came in second place after 888.com took the top spot.
In April 2012, InterCasino's parent company, CryptoLogic, was acquired by the Amaya Gaming Group in a $35.8 million cash for shares takeover. Amaya subsequently sold Cryptologic's business-to-consumer facing subsidiary, WagerLogic, to Goldstar Acquisitionco Inc in a transaction valued at $70 million in February 2014. This sale included all of Cryptologic's consumer facing online gambling sites including InterCasino, InterPoker, and InterBingo.
In 2019, casino operator JPG Group announced that it is to withdraw the InterCasino brand from operating in the UK market.PayoutsThe then world's biggest online jackpot was won in December 2005 winning $1,768,518.49 playing InterCasino's Millionaires Club progressive slots.
The record was then broken in May 2007 when a blacksmith with the player name of Obaesso won $8,000,000.RegulationWagers from US players for InterCasino games stopped being accepted in October 2006 due to the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006. This made transactions from banks and similar financial institutions to online gambling websites a crime. As of November 9, 2011, InterCasino's services were not available to residents from the United States, the People's Republic of China, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Macau and Turkey.
In 2008, a series of online casino and poker TV adverts from InterCasino were banned by the United Kingdom's Advertising Standards Authority because they were deemed as using juvenile and slapstick humour that could appeal to young people and children.
InterCasino's parent company at the time, Online Interactive Gaming Entertainment, defended the adverts, describing them as using "gentle slapstick humour reminiscent of old-fashioned routines by Charlie Chaplin or Benny Hill" and, as such, not designed to appeal to children or young persons.
References
<!--- See Wikipedia:Footnotes on how to create references using tags which will then appear here automatically -->
External links
* [http://www.intercasino.com/ Official site]
Category:Online casinos
Category:Online gambling companies of the United Kingdom
Category:Online gambling companies of Malta
Category:Gambling companies established in 1996
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InterCasino
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.770746
|
25879981
|
Hammedi
|
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = Boumerdès Province
| subdivision_type2 = District
| subdivision_name2 | subdivision_type3
| subdivision_name3 | government_footnotes
| government_type | leader_title
| leader_name | established_title
| established_date | area_magnitude
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes | area_total_km2
| area_land_km2 | population_as_of 1998
| population_footnotes | population_note
| population_total = 27972
| population_density_km2 | timezone CET
| utc_offset = +1
| coordinates | elevation_footnotes
| elevation_m | elevation_ft
| postal_code_type | postal_code
| area_code | blank_name
| blank_info | website
| footnotes =
}}
Hammedi is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 27,972.
History
The commune of Hammadi is primarily populated by Arabophone Berbers, specifically the Sanhadja, descendants of the Zirids, a dynasty founded by Bologhine U Ziri. The very name of the commune alludes to the Hammadids, a dynasty established by Hammad ibn Buluggin, who separated from the Zirid kingdom. The inhabitants of the commune are still referred to by this name (Hammadids).
Although Arabized, the local population has managed to preserve its Berber traditions, both through their Algerian Arabic dialect, which is heavily influenced by Berber, and in their customs and tribal structures.
Historically, the people settled in the area and cultivated the land. It has always remained a rural commune. The various invasions and conquests over the centuries did not significantly alter the origins of its population, owing to their strong attachment to the land passed down through generations. They fought to protect their land and have always maintained their independence from foreign invaders, much like other Berber tribes.
Notable people
* Mohamed Cherak, Algerian journalist.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammedi
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.793064
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25879984
|
Boyse
|
Boyse is a surname, and may refer to:
Edward Boyse (1923–2007), British-born American physician and biologist
Joseph Boyse (1660–1728), English Presbyterian minister in Ireland and controversialist
Maurice Boyse (born 1955), former Australian rules footballer
Samuel Boyse (1708–1749), Irish poet and writer
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyse
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2025-04-06T15:55:20.798952
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25879986
|
Jason Walter Brown
|
}}
Jason W. Brown, MD (born April 14, 1938) is an American neurologist and writer of works in neuropsychology and philosophy of mind. He has been a reviewer and recipient of grants and fellowships from the National Institutes of Health and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and is or has been on the editorial boards of leading journals in his field. He has written 21 books, edited 4 others, and more than 200 articles.
Brown is the founder and active chief neurologist of the Center For Cognition and Communication "CCC". He founded the entity in 1985 in New York City, a specialized private practice in evaluating and treating traumatic brain injury.
Biography
Premedical studies at the University of California in Los Angeles, graduation from Berkeley in 1959. Medical school at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, with M.D. in 1963, internship at St. Elizabeth's Hospital in Washington, D.C.
He returned to Los Angeles for a residency in neurology at UCLA. 1967–1969 in the Army, in Korea and San Francisco. In 1969, he took a post-doctoral fellowship at the Boston Veteran's Hospital. In 1970, he was invited to the staff of Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital in New York as assistant professor. In 1972, he published his first book, Aphasia, Apraxia, and Agnosia. In 1976, he received a fellowship from the Foundations Fund for Research in Psychiatry to spend a year at the Centre Neuropsychologique et Neurolinguistique in Paris. On his return, he joined the staff of New York University Medical Center, eventually as clinical professor in neurology. The academic year 1978–79 was spent as visiting associate professor at Rockefeller University.
The Center for Cognition and Communication (CCC) was established to provide treatment for clients with head injury, stroke, and other acquired and developmental disorders of cognition.
Since 2002, Dr. Brown and his wife Carine house and co-organize the Psychology Nexus workshops on South of France.
Books
* [https://books.google.com.ua/books/about/Aphasia.html?idEi0yvgAACAAJ&redir_escy Brown, J. W. (1972). Aphasia, apraxia and agnosia. Clinical and theoretical aspects Springfield, IL: Thomas].
* [https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Brain-Consciousness-neurolinguistics-psycholinguistics/dp/0121375501 Brown, J. W. (1977). Mind, brain and consciousness. New York: Academic.]
* [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9780203762882/life-mind-jason-brown Brown, J. W. (1988). Life of the mind. New Jersey: Erlbaum.]
* Brown, J. W. (1991). Self and process. New York: Springer-Verlag.
* Brown, J. W. (1996). Time, will and mental process. New York: Plenum Press.
* [https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Nature-Essays-Time-Subjectivity/dp/1861561482 Brown, J. W. (2000). Mind and nature: essays on time and subjectivity. London: Whurr.]
* [https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/jason-brown-library/79/ Brown, J. W. (2001). The Self-Embodied Mind: Process, Brain Dynamics, and the Conscious Present. Barrytown: Station Hill Press].
* [https://actaneuropsychologica.com/article/10656/en Brown, J. W. (2005). Process and the authentic life. Toward a psychology of value. Heusenstamm: Ontos Verlag, De Gruyter.]
* [https://www.academia.edu/3773997/Jason_W_Brown_Neuropsychological_Foundations_of_Conscious_Experience_2010 Brown, J. W. (2010). Neuropsychological foundations of conscious experience. Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Les Editions Chromatika.]
* Brown, J. W. (2011). ''Gourmet's guide to the mind. Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium: Les Editions Chromatika.
* [https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780429476891/love-emotions-jason-brown Brown, J. W. (2012). Love and other emotions. London: Karnac Press].
* [https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/jason-brown-library/73/ Brown, J. W. (2015). Microgenetic theory and process thought. Exeter, UK: Imprint Academic]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Metapsychology-Creative-Process-Continuous-Novelty/dp/184540923X Brown, J. W. (2017). Metapsychology of the creative process. Continuous novelty as the ground of creative advance. Exeter: Imprint Academic.]
* [https://www.amazon.com/Reflections-Image-Reality-Jason-Brown-ebook/dp/B071JTFKVV Brown, J. W. (2017). Reflections on mind and the image of reality. Eugene, Oregon: Resource Publications.]
* [https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/de/10.5771/9783495993040/ausgewaehlte-aufsaetze-zu-einer-prozesspsychologie Brown, J.W. (2024), Ausgewählte Aufsätze zu einer Prozesspsychologie. Herausgegeben von Paul Stenner und Denys Zhadiaiev Von Dr. Jason W. Brown. Verlag Karl Alber: Baden-Baden ISBN 978-3-495-99305-7 (Whitehead Studien, Bd. 11), 2024]
* [https://www.routledge.com/The-Microgenetic-Theory-of-Mind-and-Brain-Selected-Essays-in-Process-Psychology/Zhadiaiev-Brown-Stenner/p/book/9781032873848 Brown, J.W., Stenner, P. (2024), The Microgenetic Theory of Mind and Brain. Selected Essays in Process Psychology. (Ed. Denys Zhadiaiev). Routledge: New York. ISBN 9781032873848, Dec 6, 2024]
Edited
* Brown, J. W. (1973). Aphasia, tran. of A. Pick, Aphasie, Springfield: Thomas.
* Brown, J. W. (1981). Jargonaphasia (Ed.) New York: Academic.
* Brown, J. W. (1988). Agnosia and apraxia (Ed.) New Jersey: Erlbaum.
* [https://books.google.com.ua/books?idbiOEDgAAQBAJ&printsecfrontcover&hluk#vonepage&q&ffalse Brown, J. W. (1989). Neuropsychology of perception. New Jersey: Erlbaum.]Articles
*[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Microgenesis-and-the-Mind-Brain-State-Interviews-Brown-Bradford/6e369fe3d80b031940ef8717e7ee89e884ed9c06 Brown, J.W. (2013). in: Bradford, D. (2013) Microgenesis and the Mind/Brain State: Interview with Jason Brown, Mind and Matter, 11 (2) 183-203.]
*[https://www.jstor.org/stable/43854385 Brown, J.W. (2014). Feeling, Journal of mind and behavior,Vol. 35, No. 1/2 (Winter and Spring 2014), pp. 1-20 (20 pages)]
*[https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-54742-003 Brown, J.W. (2017). Microgenetic theory of perception, memory and the mental state. Journal of consciousness studies, 24:51-70.]
*[https://i6doc.com/en/book/?gcoi=28001100840010 Brown, J.W. (2018). The nature of existence. Orpheus’ glance: selected papers on process philosophy, 2002–2017. P. Stenner and M. Weber Eds. Belgium: Les Editions Chromatika.]
*Brown, J.W. (2018). A process theory of morality, In M. Pachalska and J. Kropotov (Eds). Psychology, neuropsychology and neurophysiology: studies in microgenetic theory. Krakow: IMPULS.
*Brown, J.W. (2018). Memory and thought. Proceedings of the Whitehead conference in the Azores, 2017, Nature and process. Teixeira, M-T and Pickering, J. (Eds). Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2018–19, in press.
*[https://www.pdcnet.org/process/content/process_2018_0047_0001_0163_0171 Brown, J.W. (2018). Theoretical note on the nature of the present. Process studies, 47.1-2 (2018): 163-171.]
*[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331479652_Agency_and_the_will Brown, J.W. (2018). Agency and the will. Mind and matter, 16:195-212.]
*[https://jmb-online.com/vol/vol-41-numbers-3-and-4-summer-and-autumn-2020.php Brown, J.W. (2020). Origins of subjective experience. The Journal of mind and behavior. Summer and autumn 2020, Volume 41, #3 and 4. Pages 270-279.]
*Brown, J.W. (2020). Time and the dream, Neuropsychoanalysis, 22:1-2, 129-138
*[https://www.academia.edu/49322530/The_Mind_Brain_State Brown, J.W. (2021) The mind/brain state. The Journal of mind and behavior 42(1), 1-16.]
*[https://scholarlypublishingcollective.org/uip/ps/article-abstract/51/2/204/319410/From-Drive-to-Value Brown, J.W., Zhadiaiev, D.V. (2022). From drive to value. Process studies. 1 November 2022; 51 (2): 204–220. doi: <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.5406/21543682.51.2.04</nowiki>.]
*[https://www.amazon.com/Exploring-Consciousness-Non-Locality-Come-Carpentier/dp/9391759947 Brown, J.W. (2023). Agency and freedom. Exploring consciousness - from non-duality to non-locality.'' Proceedings of conference on Consciousness. Bangalore, India, (2022)]
References
External links
*
*
Category:American neurologists
Category:American philosophers of mind
Category:1938 births
Category:Living people
Category:University of California, Berkeley alumni
Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Category:Neurology
Category:Psychology
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Walter_Brown
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2025-04-06T15:55:20.825387
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25879989
|
Issers
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
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|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =27990
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
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}}
Isser, formerly spelled Issers (, ) is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 27,990. As of the latest census it has 32,580 residents.
Isser is located on the south bank of the Isser River and near the centre of the Isser coastal plain, which stretches from Thenia to Naciria.
History
French conquest
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Algerian Revolution
Salafist terrorism
* 2008 Issers bombing (19 August 2008)
Transport
The road RN 12 runs through Isser, linking it with Si-Mustapha to the west and Bordj Menaïel to the east. The smaller RN 68 links it to Djinet in the north and Chabet el Ameur in the south.
Zawiya
*Zawiya Thaalibia
Notable people
* Sidi Abder Rahman El Thaelebi, Algerian Islamic scholar
* Messaoud Aït Abderrahmane, Algerian footballer
* Raïs Hamidou, Algerian privateer
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issers
|
2025-04-06T15:55:20.835446
|
25879991
|
Journal of Pain and Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy
|
The Journal of Pain & Palliative Care Pharmacotherapy is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal covering advances in acute, chronic, and end-of-life symptom management. It is published by Informa Healthcare and the editor in chief is Arthur G. Lipman (University of Utah Health Sciences Center). The journal was established in 1993 as the Journal of Pharmaceutical Care in Pain & Symptom Control, obtaining its current title in 2001.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
References
External links
*
Category:Academic journals established in 1993
Category:Anesthesiology and palliative medicine journals
Category:Quarterly journals
Category:Taylor & Francis academic journals
Category:English-language journals
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Pain_and_Palliative_Care_Pharmacotherapy
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2025-04-06T15:55:20.867402
|
25880008
|
Khemis El-Khechna
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref = Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 46965
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
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|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
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|footnotes =
}}
Khemis El-Khachna is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 46,965.
Geography
The town of Khemis el Kkhechna is built upon haouch belakehal, former property of the area of the khachnas of the plain. The settlers used the Arabic word fendek to locate the area that will take the name of Fondouk. A hotel existed there before 1830, in this hotel stayed the surveyors to establish the rise and the delimitation of the Arab properties of the region of the khachnas of the plain and the khachnas of the mountain. On the territory of this commune is buried sidi Bannour one of the great imam ibadite. An old historic well called bir griche bears the same name as another well located at sidi m'hammed in Algiers.
History
Khemis El Khechna, formerly Fondouk was created in 1845 by decree of Louis Philippe. She was promoted to town in 1856; his first mayor is a man named Raboil. The history of this town dates back to 1830, when a hotel was built for passengers passing through the area. The road to Constantine passed through this locality. The inhabitants of the area are called khachnis which means hard.
Economy
Fondouk was considered one of the richest regions of Algeria according to the articles published in ''L'Echo d'Alger'' during the 1950s. Most of this wealth came from vineyards and the hamiz irrigation dam. In the same way his fisheries were very famous so called "Peaches of Fondouk".
Notable people
* Othmane Senadjki, Algerian journalist.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khemis_El-Khechna
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2025-04-06T15:55:20.966973
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25880012
|
Gran Passeig de Ronda, Lleida
|
}}
Gran Passeig de Ronda (Catalan language official name; Spanish: Gran Paseo de Ronda) is one of the main thoroughfares in the city of Lleida (Catalonia, Spain). It stretches from Plaça d'Europa towards Avinguda de l'Alcalde Areny on the bank of the river Segre, by the Pont Nou. It's located in one of the areas built ex nihilo after the destruction of the Spanish Civil War. Demographically, it separates upscale quarters of the primarily middle class areas such as middle class areas from the working-class neighbourhoods of La Mariola and Instituts-Templers and Gardeny hill. In Gran Passeig de Ronda merge the Autopista AP-2, Autovía A-2 and the N-230 road.
Transport
The L2 urban bus service is called "Ronda" and covers the whole avenue.
See also
*Lleida
References
<references/>
Category:Streets in Lleida
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Passeig_de_Ronda,_Lleida
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2025-04-06T15:55:20.986920
|
25880023
|
Larbatache
|
|nickname |settlement_type Commune
|motto |image_skyline
|imagesize |image_caption
|image_flag |flag_size
|image_seal |seal_size
|image_map |mapsize
|map_caption |pushpin_map Algeria
|pushpin_label_position =bottom
|pushpin_mapsize|pushpin_map_caption Location in Algeria
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name =
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type = Municipality
|leader_title = Mayor
|leader_name = Boudegzdam Rachid
|established_title = APC
|established_date = 2012-2017
|area_magnitude |unit_prefImperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2 32,70
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 19 356 c.
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates
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|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type = Postal code
|postal_code = 35017
|area_code = (+213) 024
|blank_name |blank_info
|website |footnotes
}}
Larbatache is a town and city in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 19,356.
Notable people
* Lamine Abid, Algerian footballer.
* Mohamed Hassaïne, Algerian journalist.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larbatache
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.018314
|
25880028
|
Legata
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
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}}
Legata (Arabic لقاطة) is a town and commune in the Bordj Menaïel District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria, between Bordj Menaïel and Issers. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 11,884.
History
In the mid-19th century, the area was known as Haouch Legata. It was home to the Ben-Kanoun family, which owned some 4000 hectares in the area. In the wake of the Mokrani Revolt, the French government expropriated this land to create the colony of Isserbourg there in 1874. After Algeria's independence in 1962, the name of Legata was restored.NatureIn the north of the commune along the Mediterranean coast, the Mandoura Forest is dominated by Aleppo pine and other Mediterranean maquis flora. The Isser River runs from near the town itself to the edge of the forest.Notable peopleReferences
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legata
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.048947
|
25880033
|
Naciria
|
For the Sufi order of Tamegroute, Morocco see Nasiriyya.
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
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|population_footnotes |population_note
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}}
Naciria (Arabic الناصرية, Kabyle Leɛzib n Zeɛmum) is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria, between Bordj Menaïel to the north and the mountain of Sidi Ali Bounab to the south. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 21,272.
Presentation
In the early 18th century, the area was known as Azib Zaamoum / Leɛzib n Zeɛmum ("Zaamoum's farm"), after the Ben-Zaamoum family, leaders of the Iflisen Umellil. In 1873, the French government confiscated 2725 hectares of land from the Ouled Chender, Beni Chenacha, and Kobba Sidi Slimane in the wake of the Mokrani Revolt in order to set up a colony there. This land was given to the Société de protection des Alsaciens-Lorrains to be allocated to Alsatians unwilling to live under German rule following the Franco-Prussian War. The resulting town was given the name of Haussonvillers, after Joseph d'Haussonville, president of the society in question. After Algeria's independence in 1962, the town was renamed Naciria, after a locally born ALN fighter nicknamed "Si Nacer"; nevertheless, it is still unofficially widely known as Laazib.
History
French conquest
* Expedition of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1837)
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
* Battle of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1871)
Algerian Revolution
Salafist terrorism
* 2008 Naciria bombing (2 January 2008)
Notable people
* Mohamed ben Zamoum
* Omar ben Zamoum
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naciria
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.076798
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25880036
|
Ouled Aissa, Boumerdès
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =6773
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|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type
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}}
Ouled Aissa, Boumerdès is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 6,773.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouled_Aissa,_Boumerdès
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.103103
|
25880037
|
Kathe Green
|
Kathe Jennifer Green (born September 22, 1944) is an American actress, model and singer. She is the daughter of composer and conductor Johnny Green and Bunny Waters. She has a younger sister, Kim Meglio.
Early years
Born in Los Angeles, California,
Kathe Green traveled for several years in the mid-to-late 1960s with the nonprofit encouragement singing group Up With People. During her time in Up With People, Kathe was part of a small singing group called the Green Glenn Singers, consisting of herself, Glenn Close, Jennie Dorn, and Vee Entwistle. The group's stated mission was "to write and sing songs which would give people a purpose and inspire them to live the way they were meant to live".
Career
Green appeared in Blake Edwards's 1968 film The Party, and then dubbed all of Mark Lester's singing voice in Oliver!. She signed to Deram label and used a line of poetry bestowed on her by close friend Richard Harris as the title for her album Run the Length of Your Wildness. Released in 1969, it was a collaborative effort with orchestral arrangements handled by John Cameron and production by Wayne Bickerton. The album produced one single, Primrose Hill, released the same year on Deram.
In 1971 she recorded the song "Marianne", which was played over the opening credits to the film Die Screaming, Marianne, starring Susan George. Green recorded for the Motown label in the mid-1970s, but afterwards stepped away from the music business.
Selected discography
Studio albums
Run the Length of Your Wildness (Deram/Decca, 1969) (reissued on Rev-Ola)
Kathe Green (Prodigal/Motown, 1976)
Singles
Primrose Hill (Deram, 1969)
Love City (Motown, 1975)
Beautiful Changes (Motown, 1976)
Selected filmography
The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis "Who Needs Elvis?" (1960) as Esme Lauterbach
The Party (1968) as Molly Clutterbuck
References
External links
Kathe Green at Rev-Ola label
Category:Living people
Category:American film actresses
Category:20th-century American women singers
Category:Deram Records artists
Category:1944 births
Category:20th-century American singers
Category:20th-century American actresses
Category:Actresses from Los Angeles
Category:Singers from Los Angeles
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathe_Green
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.111305
|
25880040
|
Once in a Blue Moon (song)
|
Once in a Blue Moon}}
"Once in a Blue Moon" is a song written by Robert Byrne and Tom Brasfield, and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in January 1986 as the second and final single from his Greatest Hits compilation album. The song was Conley's eleventh number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent fourteen weeks on the country chart.Music videoA music video for the song was released and has been seen on GAC. During the video's prologue, "Silent Treatment" (Conley's first top 10 hit) can be heard in the background.Chart performance{|class"wikitable sortable"
!align="left"|Chart (1986)
!align="center"|Peak<br />position
|-
|-
|align="left"|Canadian RPM Country Tracks
|align="center"|1
|}
References
Category:1986 singles
Category:1986 songs
Category:Earl Thomas Conley songs
Category:Songs written by Robert Byrne (songwriter)
Category:RCA Records singles
Category:Songs written by Tom Brasfield
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_in_a_Blue_Moon_(song)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.132202
|
25880047
|
Ouled Hedadj
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 29012
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Ouled Hedadj is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 29,012.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouled_Hedadj
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.139551
|
25880053
|
Ouled Moussa
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 40692
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Ouled Moussa is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 40,692.
Notable people
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouled_Moussa
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.166393
|
25880055
|
Guillaume Bouzignac
|
Guillaume Bouzignac (c. 1587 – c. 1643) was a French composer.
Bouzignac was probably born in 1587 in Saint-Nazaire-d'Aude. He studied at the Cathedral of Narbonne until 1604, and was choirmaster at the Cathedrals of Angoulême, Bourges, Tours, and Clermont-Ferrand.
His motets are preserved in two manuscripts. His motets are highly distinctive: "Simply stated, there is no other music of the time that looks the same on the page or sounds the same as the motets of Bouzignac." "One name in this period rises above those of his contemporaries for all sacred music, including Masses: that of Guillaume Bouzignac." His dialogue motets, such as Unus ex vobis and Dum silentium, are small scale oratorios which anticipate Giacomo Carissimi, and then Marc-Antoine Charpentier (1643–1704) two generations later.
Discography
Motets, Te Deum Les Arts Florissants dir. William Christie Harmonia Mundi HMC 901 471
Motets with Jean Gilles Leçons de Ténèbres Boston Camerata dir. Joel Cohen Erato 4509 98480-2
Motets Sächsisches Vocalensemble dir. Matthias Jung TACET S 156 2007
References
Category:1587 births
Category:1643 deaths
Category:17th-century French classical composers
Category:French Baroque composers
Category:French male classical composers
Category:People from Aude
Category:17th-century French male musicians
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Bouzignac
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.187248
|
25880058
|
Si-Mustapha
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =9015
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Si-Mustapha is a town and commune in the Isser District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria. At the time of the 1998 census it had a population of 9,015.
Previously named Blad Guitoune ("land of the tent"), it was renamed Félix-Faure in 1899 during the colonial period, after the former French president Félix Faure. After independence in 1962, it was given the new name of Si Mustapha, after the nom de guerre of the ALN fighter Mohamed Saoudi, who died nearby in combat on 25 November 1958.
A 4th-century octagonal mausoleum formerly found there was demolished in 1905.
History
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Notable people
* Mohamed Aïchaoui (1921-1959), an Algerian journalist and resistant against French colonization.
Notes
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-Mustapha
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.195732
|
25880066
|
Souk El-Had
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =4860
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Souk El-Had is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 4,860.
Villages
The villages of the commune of Souk El-Had are:
History
French conquest
* Expedition of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1837)
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Algerian Revolution
* Ferme Gauthier
Salafist terrorism
* 2007 Souk El Had bombing (11 February 2007)
Rivers
]]
This commune is crossed by several rivers:
* Isser River
* Football clubs
{| class"wikitable sortable" width75% style="font-size:90%"
|-
! Club
! Division
! Level
! Location
! Logo
|-
| O Souk El Had || Ligue de Football de la Wilaya || 3 || Souk El-Had ||
|-
| IRB Souk El Had || Ligue de Football de la Wilaya || 3 || Souk El-Had ||
|-
|}
Notable people
* Mohamed Deriche, 20th-century leader of the Kabyle political resistance against the French.
* Lyès Deriche, 20th-century leader of the Algerian national political movement against the French.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Souk_El-Had
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.223621
|
25880067
|
I Am Not Insane
|
I Am Not Insane is a 2010 album by Michael Gira. The release consists of a CD with new material, and a DVD of two live shows that includes a 16-minute "mini-doc" (by the same name) on Gira's new material in acoustic demo form, shot and edited by Francisco Macias. Several songs were considered, and eventually revised, for inclusion on Swans' comeback album, My Father Will Guide Me Up a Rope to the Sky. Gira released this album in order to help raise money to fund the recording of the upcoming Swans album, following his announcement that he had reformed the band.
The song "Oxygen" appeared in a very different form two studio albums later on the album To Be Kind. The version of "Oxygen" on I Am Not Insane also featured on the 2014 EP. The songs "My Lazy Clown" and "Opium Song" were not included on any future albums, nor played live by Swans.
Track listing
Compact disc
"Jim " – 4:26
"No Words/No Thoughts" – 4:48
"Reeling the Liars In" – 2:20
"My Birth" – 3:03
"Little Mouth" – 5:20
"Eden Prison (That Way)" – 3:48
"Eden Prison (This Way)" – 4:22
"My Lazy Clown" – 2:54
"Opium Song" – 2:48
"Inside Madeline" – 3:46
"Oxygen" – 4:27
"Promise of Water" – 3:25
"Failure" – 5:00
DVD
Highline Ballroom Show, New York
"I Am the Sun"
"Promise of Water"
"Nations"
"Failure"
"Lena's Song"
"My Brother's Man"
"Destroyer"
"She Lives!"
"My Sister Said"
"Sometimes I Dream I'm Hurting You"
"Rose of Los Angeles"
Drake Underground Show, Toronto
"Little Mouth"
"On the Mountain (Looking Down)"
"Promise of Water"
"Reeling the Liars In"
"My Brother's Man"
"The Surrogate"
"Destroyer"
"Oxygen"
"Inside Madeline"
"Eden Prison"
"Sometimes I Dream I'm Hurting You"
References
External links
Young God Records
Category:2010 albums
Category:Young God Records albums
Category:Michael Gira albums
Category:2010 live albums
Category:2010 video albums
Category:2010s live video albums
Category:Young God Records live albums
Category:Young God Records video albums
Category:Swans (band)
Category:Albums produced by Michael Gira
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Am_Not_Insane
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.245802
|
25880072
|
Taourga
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =7303
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Taourga (تاورقة Arabic, Berber ⵜⴰⵡⴻⵔⴳⴰ) is a town and commune in the Baghlia District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 7,303.
Name
The name of the commute is of Berber origin and means "anthill".
History
French conquest
* Shipwreck of Dellys (15 May 1830), commanded by Captain Armand Joseph Bruat (1796-1855) and Captain Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794-1846).
* First Battle of the Issers (27 May 1837), commanded by General Alexandre Charles Perrégaux (1791-1837) and Colonel Maximilien Joseph Schauenburg (1784-1838).
* First Assault of Dellys (28 May 1837), commanded by Captain Félix-Ariel d'Assigny (1794-1846).
* Second Assault of Dellys (12 May 1844), commanded by General Thomas Robert Bugeaud (1784–1849).
Algerian Revolution
Geography
The town is almost mountainous terrain. The town includes the following villages: Beni Attar El Djemaa, Bouhbachou, Boudchicha, Tingrine Ain-El-Kodia, Mazer, Laghdaïr, Wadi Farms and H'lal north on the road to Dellys.
Algeria Post
The postal code of Taourga has gone through several stages since the colonial era to the present.
Before the administrative division of Algeria in 1984, the postal code was 15000 But after this, Taourga was attached to the wilaya of Boumerdes bearing number 35. Therefore, the postal code of Taourga taken to the generic digital form 351xxx five digits. Finally, the city received Taourga number 0 giving the postal code 35140.
But in 2008, Taourga received a new postal code of 350 294.
Water supplies
This town has several small dams and a seawater desalination plant as well as several boreholes and wells. This town is crossed by several wadis:
* Dam Thénia 30 000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Dam of El Merdjet Feïat: 50 000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Dam of El Allal: 60,000 m<sup>3</sup>
* Dam Chender: 1700000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Dam Djinet: 2800000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Dam Sidi Daoud: 3700000 m<sup>3</sup>
* Beni Amrane Dam: 13.1 million m<sup>3</sup>.
* Dam Hamiz: 16,280,000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Keddara dam Bouzegza: 145,600,000 m<sup>3</sup>.
* Barrage Oued Djemaa: 176 000 000 M<sup>3</sup>
The town is serviced by Tala Hydroelectric Power Station Ouranim.
History
showing "Tigisi"]]
During antiquity and the early Middle Ages, Tigisis was located near present-day Taourga. It was ruled by the Romans, Vandals, and Byzantines before falling into obscurity during the Muslim conquest of the area.
In January 1985, Taourga was raised to the commune level. It had been a village administratively connected to the town of Baghlia, located a dozen kilometers to the west.
Economy
thumb|right|École de Aïn Tounga
Various types of farms out there. The town is famous for its olive oil, mountain agriculture is practiced. The town is well known for its viticulture producing Cardinal (Red Grape), Dattier grapes, Dabouki (Sabel), Saltana, Muscat grape, Red globe grape, and Victoria grape, as well as Hmar bou Amar and Chasselas grapes.
Notable people
* Rezki Zerarti, Algerian artist.
* , Algerian footballer.
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Cities in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taourga
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.274848
|
25880075
|
Enteromius trinotatus
|
Enteromius trinotatus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which is only found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.<ref name iucn/> References
*
trinotatus
Category:Taxa named by Henry Weed Fowler
Category:Fish described in 1936
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_trinotatus
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.281195
|
25880077
|
Enteromius trispiloides
|
Enteromius trispiloides is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which is endemic toonly known from a single specimen collected in the River Mano in Liberia.<ref name iucn/> Footnotes
*
trispiloides
Category:Taxa named by Christian Lévêque
Category:Taxa named by Guy G. Teugels
Category:Taxa named by Thys van den Audenaerde
Category:Fish described in 1987
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_trispiloides
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.301203
|
25880083
|
Enteromius trispilomimus
|
Enteromius trispilomimus is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which occurs in coastal rivers from Cameroon to the Chiloango River on the border between the Angolan exclave of Cabinda and the Democratic republic of the Congo.
References
trispilomimus
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1907
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_trispilomimus
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.307972
|
25880085
|
Tidjelabine
|
|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type
|postal_code |area_code
|blank_name |blank_info
|website |footnotes
}}
Tidjelabine is a town and commune in Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 13,888.
Villages
The villages of the commune of Tidjelabine are:
Religion
*Zawiyet Sidi Boumerdassi
History
French conquest
* Expedition of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1837)
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Algerian Revolution
Salafist terrorism
* 2005 Tidjelabine bombing (29 July 2005)
* 2006 Tidjelabine bombing (19 June 2006)
* 2010 Tidjelabine bombing (7 April 2010)
Sport
{| class"wikitable sortable" width75% style="font-size:90%"
|-
! Club
! Division
! Level
! Location
! Logo
|-
| WR Tidjelabine || Ligue de Football de la Wilaya || 3 || Tidjelabine ||
|-
|}
Notable people
* Cheikh Boumerdassi (1818-1874)
* Mohamed Boumerdassi (1936-2010)
* Ali Bouyahiaoui (1928-1956)
* Mohamed Bouyahiaoui (1932-1958)
* Ahmed Mahsas (1923-2013)
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidjelabine
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.330301
|
25880086
|
Enteromius trispilopleura
|
Enteromius trispilopleura is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which is found in Lake Tana in Ethiopia.<ref name iucn/> References
*
Category:Endemic fauna of Ethiopia
trispilopleura
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1902
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_trispilopleura
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.336557
|
25880087
|
Enteromius trispilos
|
Enteromius trispilos is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius that lives in West Africa.
References
External links
trispilos
Category:Freshwater fish of West Africa
Category:Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
Category:Fish described in 1863
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_trispilos
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.356257
|
25880090
|
Horse barbel
|
The horse barbel (Barbus tyberinus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Barbus which is endemic to Italy.<ref name IUCN/> References
*
T
Category:Endemic fauna of Italy
Category:Fish described in 1839
Category:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_barbel
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.362485
|
25880091
|
Timezrit, Boumerdès
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 1998
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total =10699
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates |elevation_footnotes
|elevation_m |elevation_ft
|postal_code_type |postal_code
|area_code |blank_name
|blank_info |website
|footnotes =
}}
Timezrit, Boumerdès (Arabic نيمزريت, Kabyle Timeẓrit) is a town and commune in the Isser District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria, on the western slopes of Sidi Ali Bounab. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 10,699.
History
In the early 19th century the hill of Timezrit was the location of a mosque with a minaret and a market held on Sundays, Had-Timezrit. This was the central market of the Iflisen Umellil, shared between the Oulad Yahia Moussa, the Rouafa, and the Beni-Hammad. Nearby was the village of Ihaddaden.Notable peopleReferences
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timezrit,_Boumerdès
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.382792
|
25880094
|
Enteromius urostigma
|
Enteromius urostigma is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which is found in the rivers flowing from Lake Tanganyika and the Lualaba River system.<ref name iucn/> References
*
urostigma
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1917
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_urostigma
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.407466
|
25880097
|
Labeobarbus urotaenia
|
Labeobarbus urotaenia is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Labeobarbus from the central Congo River system.
References
*
urotaenia
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1913
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labeobarbus_urotaenia
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.423417
|
25880099
|
Zemmouri
|
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 =Boumerdès Province
|subdivision_type2 = District
|subdivision_name2 |subdivision_type3
|subdivision_name3 |government_footnotes
|government_type |leader_title
|leader_name |established_title
|established_date |area_magnitude
|unit_pref =Imperial
|area_footnotes |area_total_km2
|area_land_km2 |population_as_of 2008
|population_footnotes |population_note
|population_total = 26408
|population_density_km2 |timezone CET
|utc_offset = +1
|coordinates
|elevation_footnotes |elevation_m
|elevation_ft |postal_code_type
|postal_code |area_code
|blank_name |blank_info
|website |footnotes
}}
Zemmouri is a town and commune in the Bordj Menaïel District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria. As of 2008, the population of the municipality is 26,408.
Villages
The villages of the commune of Zemmouri are:
History
The coastal site of Zemmouri El-Bahri was a Phoenician and later Roman settlement named Rusubbicari. In the medieval period, it became a small port named Marsā al-Dajāj (literally "chicken port"). Archeological research there has uncovered medieval structures and pottery, as well as Roman coins.
By the 19th century the main village, slightly further inland, was known as Zemmouri (usually spelled Zamouri or Zemouri at the time). In 1872 the French government established a colonial settlement there using land confiscated from the Isser el-Ouidan tribe and from private individuals in the wake of the Mokrani Revolt; in 1886 it was renamed Courbet, after Admiral Amédée Courbet. Following Algeria's independence in 1962, the name Zemmouri was restored.French conquest
* Expedition of the Col des Beni Aïcha (1837)
* First Battle of the Issers (1837)
Algerian Revolution
Salafist terrorism
* 2008 Zemmouri bombing (9 August 2008)
Geology
The disastrous 2003 Boumerdès earthquake led to the discovery of a thrust fault; it was subsequently named after the town. The fault has since been incorporated into seismic hazard maps, which will serve as an important guideline for public safety.NatureTo the northwest of the town, the Sahel Forest and the coastal dunes on which it grows are dominated by Aleppo pine and other Mediterranean maquis flora, and constitute a tourist attraction.Notable people
* Abdelhafid Benchabla, boxer
* Ali Rial, footballer
References
Category:Communes of Boumerdès Province
Category:Phoenician colonies in Algeria
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zemmouri
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.451297
|
25880109
|
Uktenadactylus
|
|image = Uktenadactylus wadleighi.jpg
|image_caption = U. wadleighi holotype snout in multiple views
| taxon = Uktenadactylus
| authority = Rodrigues & Kellner, 2009
|type_species = Coloborhynchus wadleighi
|type_species_authority = Lee, 1994
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision =
*U. wadleighi <br /><small>(Lee, 1994)</small>
*U. rodriguesae <br /><small>Holgado & Pêgas, 2020</small>
|synonyms =
*Coloborhynchus wadleighi <br /><small>Lee, 1994</small>
}}
Uktenadactylus is a genus of anhanguerid pterodactyloid pterosaurs from the Lower Cretaceous Paw Paw Formation of Texas, United States and the Wessex Formation on the Isle of Wight, England. Fossil remains of Uktenadactylus dated back to the Early Cretaceous period (Barremian to Cenomanian stages), from about 125 to 100 million years ago.
Discovery and naming
In 1994, Yuong Nam-Lee named a new species within the genus Coloborhynchus: Coloborhynchus wadleighi, based on a partial snout found in 1992 in Albian layers in Tarrant County, holotype SMU 73058 (Shuler Museum of Paleontology, Southern Methodist University at Dallas). The specific name honors the collector of the fossil, Chris Wadleigh. The reference of the species to the genus Coloborhynchus was based on the fact that both C. wadleighi and the type species of Coloborhynchus, Coloborhynchus clavirostris, share the trait of having three pairs of teeth laterally placed within a broad snout tip. This would distinguish both from the species Criorhynchus simus and justify a revival of the genus Coloborhynchus that since an analysis by Reginald Walter Hooley in 1914 had generally been considered identical to the genus Criorhynchus or the genus the latter had again been sunk into, Ornithocheirus.
As a result of the reappearance of the concept European workers referred many species discovered in South-America to Coloborhynchus, a practice rejected by most South-American researchers. In 2009 a study by the Brazilian paleontologists Taissa Rodrigues and Alexander Kellner concluded that Coloborhynchus comprised only a single species, its type species, C. clavirostris. Accordingly, in the same publication they created a new genus for C. wadleighi: Uktenadactylus. The genus name is derived from Uktena, a giant horned snake from the mythology of the Cherokee and Greek daktylos, "finger", a common element in the names of pterosaurs since Pterodactylus, referring to their typical wing finger.
In 2020, Borja Holgado and Rodrigo Pêgas named a new species of Uktenadactylus, U. rodriguesae after Rodrigues, known from a snout fragment (cataloged as IWCMS 2014.82) found on the Isle of Wight. This specimen had previously been described in 2015 by David Martill as an indeterminate member of the genus Coloborhynchus on account of the anteriorly-projecting teeth at the snout tip. Holgado and Pêgas recognized that it shared features with U. wadleighi, and thus assigned it as a new species in the same genus. In 2019, a slightly different topology by Jacobs et al. also recovered Uktenadactylus within the Ornithocheiridae, but as the sister taxon of several Coloborhynchus species, and identified with its current name. Their cladogram is shown on the left. However, many subsequent analyses in the same year as well as in 2020 have recovered Uktenadactylus within the family Anhangueridae, more specifically within the subfamily Coloborhynchinae. The cladogram on the right is a topology based on the phylogenetic analysis made by Borja Holgado and Rodrigo Pêgas in 2020, where they recovered Uktenadactylus as the sister taxon of Nicorhynchus within the Coloborhynchinae.
Topology 1: Jacobs et al. (2019).<ref name=J2019/>
}}
}}
}}
}}
| 2=
}}
| 2=
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
Topology 2: Holgado & Pêgas (2020).<ref name="holgado2020"/>
| 2=
}}
| label2=Coloborhynchinae
| 2=
}}
}}
| label3=Anhanguerinae
| 3=
| 2=
| 3=Anhanguera
}}
}}
}}
}}
See also
* List of pterosaur genera
* Timeline of pterosaur research
References
Category:Pteranodontoidea
Category:Early Cretaceous pterosaurs of North America
Category:Early Cretaceous reptiles of North America
Category:Taxa named by Alexander Kellner
Category:Fossil taxa described in 2009
Category:Albian life
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uktenadactylus
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.530360
|
25880114
|
Enteromius vanderysti
|
Enteromius vanderysti is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which has only been recorded in the Democratic Republic of Congo.<ref name iucn/> References
*
vanderysti
Category:Taxa named by Max Poll
Category:Fish described in 1945
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_vanderysti
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.556661
|
25880117
|
Labeobarbus versluysii
|
Labeobarbus versluysii is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to Cameroon in the Wouri, Sanaga and Nyong river basins.
References
*
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Endemic fauna of Cameroon
versluysii
Category:Fish described in 1929
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labeobarbus_versluysii
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.581880
|
25880120
|
Vistula barbel
|
The Vistula barbel (Barbus waleckii) is a disputed species of European freshwater fish in the cyprinid genus Barbus.
It is often included in B. cyclolepis. More recently, it has been hypothesized to be a natural hybrid that originated from a common barbel (B. barbus) female mating with a Carpathian barbel (B. carpathicus) male. Nevertheless, the populations do not seem to represent first-generation hybrids. It is recorded or suspected from Poland, Slovakia and Ukraine.
Footnotes
Barbus waleckii IUCN Red List v. 3.1, 2008
W
Category:Freshwater fish of Europe
Category:Fish described in 1970
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vistula_barbel
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.600920
|
25880121
|
Enteromius walkeri
|
Enteromius walkeri is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius from Ghana and the Ivory Coast where it is threatened by pollution and other activities around mining.SizeThis species reaches a length of .
Etymology
The fish is named in honor of Robert Bruce Napoleon Walker (1832–1901), a British trader, an explorer, an anthropologist and a natural history collector in West Africa, who collected the holotype specimen.
References
walkeri
Category:Fish described in 1904
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_walkeri
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.611245
|
25880124
|
Enteromius wellmani
|
Enteromius wellmani is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which is only found in the upper reaches of the Cuvo River system in Angola.SizeThis species reaches a length of .
Etymology
The fish is named in honor of American medical missionary and tropical medicine specialist Frederick Creighton Wellman (1871–1960), who collected the holotype specimen.
References
Category:Endemic fauna of Angola
wellmani
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1911
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_wellmani
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.630878
|
25880128
|
Labeobarbus wurtzi
|
}}
Labeobarbus wurtzi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Labeobarbus from the coastal river bains of Côte d'Ivoire; Ghana; Guinea; Liberia and Sierra Leone.
References
*
wurtzi
Category:Taxa named by Jacques Pellegrin
Category:Fish described in 1908
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labeobarbus_wurtzi
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.643470
|
25880131
|
Yellowfin barbel
|
The yellowfin barbel (Luciobarbus xanthopterus) is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to the Tigris-Euphrates River System.
References
*
Category:Luciobarbus
Category:Fish of Asia
Category:Fish described in 1843
Category:Taxa named by Johann Jakob Heckel
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowfin_barbel
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.667869
|
25880134
|
Enteromius yeiensis
|
Enteromius yeiensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius known from Chad and Sudan.<ref name iucn/> References
*
yeiensis
Category:Fish described in 1926
Category:Taxa named by Sigurd Johnsen
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_yeiensis
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.694033
|
25880138
|
Enteromius zalbiensis
|
Enteromius zalbiensis is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius.
}}
zalbiensis
Category:Taxa named by Jacques Blache
Category:Taxa named by François Miton
Category:Fish described in 1960
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_zalbiensis
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.736487
|
25880161
|
Hamilton's barb
|
'''Hamilton's barb (Enteromius afrohamiltoni), also known as the plump barb', is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius''.
Etymology
The fish is named in honor of Lt.-Col. J. Stevenson Hamilton, a warden at Kruger National Park, who collected the type specimen. Footnotes
*
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Robert S. Crass
Category:Fish described in 1960
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton's_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.918917
|
25880165
|
Spottail barb
|
}}
Spottail barb (Enteromius afrovernayi) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius. It has a wide distribution in western central Africa and is found from the Democratic Republic of Congo south through Angola, Zambia northern Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe.
Footnotes
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by John Treadwell Nichols
Category:Taxa named by Rudyerd Boulton
Category:Fish described in 1927
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spottail_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.944490
|
25880169
|
Autoimmunity (journal)
|
Autoimmunity is an international, peer-reviewed medical journal that covers the pathogenesis, immunology, genetics, and molecular biology of immune and autoimmune responses. In addition, the journal focuses on the autoimmune processes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and other systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases.
Editor
The editor in chief of Autoimmunity is Paolo Casali, the Donald L Bren Professor of Medicine, Molecular Biology & Biochemistry and Director of the Institute for Immunology at the University of California at Irvine.
References
Category:Immunology journals
Category:Academic journals established in 1988
Category:English-language journals
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmunity_(journal)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:21.997915
|
25880170
|
Amatola barb
|
The Amatola barb (Enteromius amatolicus) is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius.
It is endemic to South Africa, where it is threatened by the presence of invasive species and destruction of its habitat.<ref name"iucn status 18 November 2021" /> References
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Freshwater fish of South Africa
Category:Taxa named by Paul Harvey Skelton
Category:Fish described in 1990
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amatola_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.005863
|
25880199
|
Ann Street Historic District
|
| locmapin = Connecticut#USA
| architect | architecture Romanesque, Gothic Revival, Renaissance Revival
| added = November 28, 1983
| area =
| refnum 83003514
}}
The Ann Street Historic District is a historic district encompassing part of Downtown Hartford in Hartford, Connecticut. A commercial and light industrial area, the district includes properties along Ann Uccello Street (formerly called Ann Street) from Chapel Street south to Hicks Street. It also includes properties east of Ann Street fronting Pearl Street and Hicks Street to roughly Haynes Street, as well as properties west of Ann Uccello Street fronting Allyn and Asylum Streets to roughly a third of the block. The district's architecture typifies the city's development between about 1880 and 1930; it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Other contributing properties in the district include St. Patrick - St. Anthony Roman Catholic Church (built in 1849), the Masonic Temple (built in 1894) and the Hotel Lenox (also known as Hartford Hotel), a Beaux-Arts eclectic style building at 280-294 Ann Street, built in 1899. One unusual inclusion is Metropolitan Garage on Hicks Street; built in 1930, it is an early example of a multi-level parking garage. Another property that shows evidence of the rise of the automobile in importance is 316-320 Ann Uccello Street, which was built for a maker of electrical equipment for automobiles.
See also
*National Register of Historic Places listings in Hartford, Connecticut
*Hartford Electric Light Company
*Mary-Ann (turbine generator)
References
Category:Gothic Revival architecture in Connecticut
Category:Geography of Hartford, Connecticut
Category:Historic districts in Hartford County, Connecticut
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Hartford, Connecticut
Category:Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Connecticut
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Street_Historic_District
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.178288
|
25880203
|
Tomb of the Unknown Love
|
"Tomb of the Unknown Love" is a song written by Micheal Smotherman and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Rogers. It was released in February 1986 as the second and final single from the album, The Heart of the Matter. The song was Rogers' thirteenth number one single on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of fourteen weeks on the country chart.
Content
The narrator of the song, traveling during the winter season across the country to meet a woman (from whom he received a letter), stops at a diner in a small mining town near Taos, New Mexico, and hears a haunting sound in the cold wind. He asks the waitress about the sound; the waitress (and several truckers in the diner) laugh it off, calling it "the tomb of the unknown love" and direct the narrator to a gravestone "all by itself, beneath a tree, beside a hill" (the lyrics paying homage to the classic song "Green, Green Grass of Home"). The narrator reads the stone, which talks about a young man who was hanged after killing a woman who had cheated on him.
The second verse mentions that the narrator visits the woman for the very same reason – to kill her for ending their relationship (the letter presumably being a "Dear John letter"). He makes no effort to elude law enforcement, and in the end will also be hanged, only wondering if someday he will be buried in the same manner. Thus, it is ambiguous whether the narrator actually saw a grave, or a precursor to his own fatal end.
Chart performance
Chart (1986)PeakpositionCanadian RPM Country Tracks1
References
Category:1986 singles
Category:1985 songs
Category:Kenny Rogers songs
Category:RCA Records singles
Category:Song recordings produced by George Martin
Category:Songs written by Micheal Smotherman
Category:Songs about death
Category:Songs about cemeteries
Category:Murder ballads
Category:Songs about New Mexico
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Unknown_Love
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.214793
|
25880216
|
Old railway lines in Wigan
|
thumb|A Railway Clearing House map showing railway lines around Wigan in 1907
The railway system in Wigan started development in the 19th century during the Industrial Revolution. The first railway built in the town was the Wigan Branch Railway which was opened on 3 September 1832 to serve the many collieries in the area; this was a branch line of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the first inter-city railway. By the turn of the 20th century, Wigan had numerous railway stations widely available across the borough, used by both freight and passengers. Many of the lines were originally built for freight which were later converted, as the owners saw the profitability of allowing passengers, to carry passenger trains.
After the Beeching Report (1963), which led to many low-usage railway lines and stations closing across the country, some railways and stations around Wigan fell into disuse. The Manchester and Wigan Railway closed in 1969, the Chorley-to-Wigan line (operated by the Lancashire Union Railway) closed to passengers in 1960 and to goods on 25 May 1971, and one of the last lines to close was the Whelley Loop which was closed to both freight and passengers in 1976.
History
Railways were used as a more efficient way of transporting goods and resources around the country with more speed and efficiency than canals. This led to more and more pit owners creating private industrial railways running from the canals and spurring off mainlines, right up to their pits.
Closed stations
Amberswood Station (1 January 1872 – unknown) Closed to passengers 1 March 1872
Bamfurlong Station (1 April 1878 – 27 November 1950)
Bickershaw and Abram Station (1 April 1884 – 2 November 1964)
Boar's Head Station (1 December 1869 – 31 January 1949)
Golborne Station North - Great Central Line (3 January 1900 – 3 March 1952)
Golborne Station South (19 October 1839 – 2 May 1967) Closed to passengers 6 January 1961
thumb|Site of Hindley and Platt Bridge station in November 2008
Hindley & Amberswood Goods Station. Changed to Hindley South in 1950 (1 April 1884 – 2 November 1964)
Lower Ince Station (1 April 1884 – 2 November 1964)
Lowton St Mary's Station (1 April 1884 – 22 April 1968) Closed to passengers 2 November 1964
Plank Lane Station (1 October 1903 - 22 February 1915)
Platt Bridge Station (1 September 1864 - 1 May 1961)
Red Rock Station (1 December 1869 – 2 September 1957) Closed to passengers 26 September 1949
Standish Station (31 October 1838 - 23 May 1949)
West Leigh and Bedford Station (1 April 1884 – 2 November 1964)
Whelley Station (1 January 1872 – unknown) Closed to passengers 1 March 1872
(3 October 1892 – 5 April 1965) Closed to passengers 2 November 1964.
(3 September 1832 – 31 October 1838)
(1 April 1884 – 3 October 1892)
Contemporary railways
As of 2022, there are two major stations in the town. (managed by Avanti West Coast) is on the West Coast Main Line, served by trains from London, Manchester Airport and Birmingham to the North and Scotland. South of the station there is a connecting line through Bryn to St Helens and Liverpool; this was electrified in May 2015. (managed by Northern) is served by trains from Manchester via either Bolton or Atherton; the routes diverge east of Hindley. These continue west of Wigan Wallgate to Southport or, via Pemberton, to , where there are connections to Liverpool.
References
Category:History of Wigan
Category:Disused railway stations in the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_railway_lines_in_Wigan
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.283648
|
25880222
|
Alexios Komnenos (son of Andronikos I)
|
Alexios Komnenos ( 1170 – 1199) was a natural son of Andronikos I Komnenos, the Byzantine Emperor (r. 1183 – 1185) by his relative and mistress Theodora Komnene, Queen Dowager of Jerusalem.
During the reign of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180), Alexios accompanied his father Andronikos in exile, visiting, inter alia, the Kingdom of Georgia. The Georgian king George III, their relative, granted to Andronikos several castles in Kakhetia in the east of Georgia. Andronikos returned to Constantinople and usurped the Byzantine crown in 1183, only to be overthrown and killed in 1185. Alexios then fled to Georgia, where he was restored to his father's Georgian estates. At one point, he was even considered by some Georgian nobles as a candidate to become a consort of the queen regnant Tamar of Georgia.
According to the Georgian historical tradition, during Andronikos I's sojourn in Georgia, he left progeny in the country, which flourished and produced the noble family of Andronikashvili, i.e., "scions of Andronikos". Since Andronikos I had no sons by a Georgian mistress at this time, modern scholars trace the origin of this family to Alexios, but the exact origin of the family name is disputed, not least because the attested genealogy of the Andronikashvili does not commence until the 16th century. Michel Kuršanskis suggests that the family was possibly named after a son of Alexios. On the other hand, Cyril Toumanoff assumed that the line of the "provincial kings" of Alastani (–1348), known from the medieval Georgian sources and including one named Andronikos (), might have belonged to the Georgian Komnenoi/Andronikashvili. According to his view, followed by Konstantinos Varzos, Alexios had a son, George "the Great", who received the domain of Alastani to rule as his sub-kingdom, and that the name "Andronikashvili" only came about after Andronikos of Alastani, Alexios's great-great-grandson. References Sources
*
*
*
* }}
* }}
Category:1170s births
Category:1199 deaths
Alexios
Category:Andronikashvili family
Category:12th-century Byzantine people
Category:Illegitimate children of Byzantine emperors
Category:Sons of Byzantine emperors
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexios_Komnenos_(son_of_Andronikos_I)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.329289
|
25880224
|
Broadstriped barb
|
The broadstriped barb (Enteromius annectens) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius.
It is known to be widely distributed on the coastal plain of south-east Africa, but may be a species complex.<ref name"iucn status 19 November 2021" /> References
*
Category:Enteromius
Category:Fish described in 1917
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by John Dow Fisher Gilchrist
Category:Taxa named by William Wardlaw Thompson
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadstriped_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.354408
|
25880226
|
Chubbyhead barb
|
| range_map_caption = IUCN range
| synonyms = * Barbus anoplus <small>Weber, 1897</small>
* Barbus karkensis <small>Gilchrist & Thompson, 1913</small>
* Barbus cernuus <small>Barnard, 1938</small>
}}
The chubbyhead barb (Enteromius anoplus) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius. The fish is found throughout South Africa in a variety of aquatic environments. The species is notable for its two breeding seasons, which allows it to flourish despite a short lifespan. A few barbels reach down from the mouth. During the breeding season the males are brightly golden coloured, otherwise all the fish are a greyish green on the back with a small spot on the tail fin.
Distribution
The fish is widespread in rivers from the Highveld down to KwaZulu-Natal, former Transkei and the middle and upper parts of the Orange River. The species is also found in the bigger rivers of the Western and Eastern Cape.HabitatThe fish prefers cooler water to live in and occur in a variety of habitats, from large lakes and rivers to small streams. They keep to dark waters where there are shadows, for example under fallen trees. They breed twice during the year, once between November and January and again from February to March. It is thought that the dual breeding seasons has allowed Enteromius anoplus to be as successful as it is in entering various environments across South Africa. Footnotes <!-- AnimalBiology57:39. -->
Category:Enteromius
Category:Freshwater fish of South Africa
Category:Taxa named by Max Carl Wilhelm Weber
Category:Fish described in 1897
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chubbyhead_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.362482
|
25880229
|
Rosefin barb
|
Rosefin barb (Enteromius argenteus) is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius from rivers in Angola and Namibia.<ref name iucn/> References
*
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Fish described in 1868
Category:Taxa named by Albert Günther
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosefin_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.388626
|
25880237
|
United Nations Information Service Vienna
|
Martin Nesirky
| status = Active
| formation
| headquarters = Vienna, Austria
| website = [http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/en/index.html www.unis.unvienna.org]
| parent_organization = United Nations Department of Global Communications
| subsidiaries | footnotes
}}
The United Nations Information Service Vienna (UNIS Vienna) is part of a 63-strong network of United Nations Information Centres spanning the globe, which are part of the United Nations Department of Public Information. They share a common goal: to help fulfill the substantive purposes of the United Nations by communicating the activities and concerns of the organization to the public.
UNIS Vienna plays a dual role: as UN Information Centre it serves four client countries – Austria, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia. By serving as the local voice of the UN in these countries, the Information Service aims to promote an informed understanding of the work and goals of the UN, by reaching out to media, government, academia, schools and civil society organizations. Furthermore, it provides public information support and promotional services to the substantive programmes of the United Nations based in Vienna. It acts as Secretariat to the UN Communications Group in Vienna.
Guided tours and lectures
UNIS Vienna's [http://www.unvienna.org/visit Visitors Service] runs daily guided tours of the UN in Vienna for some 50,000 visitors per year. The UN Office at Vienna is one of the four global UN headquarters, along with the UN Headquarters in New York, the UN Office at Geneva and the UN Office at Nairobi. Tours are offered in more than a dozen languages. The Visitors Service also organizes lecture programmes about the UN and the work of its organizations based at the Vienna International Centre (VIC).
Media accreditation
UNIS Vienna issues annual accreditation to bona-fide representatives of the media who are writing on UN system issues, on the basis of certain criteria. Accredited journalists to the UN receive access to the Vienna International Centre, information on the happenings in the UN world in Vienna and beyond, invitations to events and press briefings being organized at the VIC.
Civil society liaison
Over 1,500 civil society organizations with strong information programmes on issues of concern to the UN are associated with the UN Department of Public Information, linking the UN with people around the world. The NGO liaison service of UNIS Vienna maintains a distribution list of approximately 400 local NGO representatives, research institutes, political think tanks and initiatives of civil society.
Publications and information products
UNIS Vienna produces a wide range of information products on the work of the UN and current international issues, including German-, Hungarian-, Slovak- and Slovene-language versions of press releases, backgrounders and the UN Secretary-General's statements, as well as information on the work of the Vienna-based organizations in English and other languages. All publications are available on UNIS website.
Library and reference assistance
The UNIS library is a repository of information from all over the UN System. Reference documents, Security Council resolutions, the latest sales publications, the latest UN reports and more are available in the library, along with UN posters and handout material on a variety of subjects. The UNIS reference library in Vienna is open to visitors, journalists and students (upon prior appointment) and to all UN staff members. A wide range of reference material on all aspects of the UN System is available, especially on issues dealt with by the Vienna-based UN organizations dealing with drugs control, crime prevention and outer space affairs. Information and promotional material (handouts, reports, posters) as well as sales publications in limited quantities are available free of charge. The UNIS library can also help interested individuals and institutions to find a UN document.
See also
References
External links
* [http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/en/index.html UNIS Vienna]
* [http://www.unvienna.org/visit Visit the UN in Vienna]
* [http://www.unis.unvienna.org/unis/contact_form.html?to=general Contact to UNIS library]
* [http://unic.un.org/ UN Information Centres world-wide]
* [http://unic.un.org/aroundworld/unics/en/partnerships/communicationGroup/index.asp United Nations Communications Group]
Category:Year of establishment missing
Category:United Nations organizations based in Vienna
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Information_Service_Vienna
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.413656
|
25880240
|
Petite Galerie (Lleida)
|
Petite Galerie was a short-lived alternative art gallery in Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. It existed between 1968 and 1974, during the last years of the Francoist dictatorship, and was especially relevant for being the first of its kind in Catalonia, offering exhibitions of avantgarde art. It was opened as a collaboration between the local branch of Alliance Française, directed by Jaume Magre, and painters Àngel Jové and Albert Coma Estadella. The Barcelona-born artist Antoni Llena debuted there.
In 2009, the Sala Coma Estadella, a gallery in Lleida, showcased a retrospective about La Petite Gallery and Coma Estadella's works.
See also
Culture of Lleida
Petite Galerie of the Louvre
References
External links
Book reference for Marta Pallarés i Roqué's book La Petite Galerie 1968-1976, una galeria d'art alternatiu a Lleida
Category:Defunct art museums and galleries
Category:Culture in Lleida
Category:Art museums and galleries in Catalonia
Category:Art museums and galleries established in 1968
Category:Art museums and galleries disestablished in 1974
Category:1968 establishments in Spain
Category:1974 disestablishments in Spain
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petite_Galerie_(Lleida)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.441320
|
25880274
|
History of Milford Haven
|
The town of Milford Haven was founded in 1793 by Sir William Hamilton, who initially invited Quaker whalers from Nantucket to live in his town, and then, in 1797, the Navy Board to create a dockyard for building warships.
Milford Haven Waterway has a longer history as a staging point on sea journeys to Ireland, and was used as a shelter by Vikings.
Early history
]]
From the 790s until the Norman Invasion in 1066, the waterway was used occasionally by Vikings looking for shelter. During one visit in 854, the Viking chieftain Hubba wintered in the Haven with 23 ships, eventually lending his name to the district of Hubberston. It is likely that the area was used as a permanent headquarters in the period after 914, to provide a staging post for traffic in the Celtic Sea. Evidence of metal working in the area was recently excavated, suggesting a level of industrialization in the period 750 - 1100. Additionally, the remains of early hill forts at Thornton and Priory have been identified, which commanded excellent views over the landscape.
A Benedictine priory called Pill Priory was established at the head of Hubberston Pill in 1170, as a daughter house of St Dogmaels Abbey. Built on virgin land, it stood alongside the priory on Caldey Island as part of the Tironian Order in West Wales, and was dedicated to St Budoc. Founded by Adam de Rupe, it stood until the Dissolution under Henry VIII. Richard de Clare commenced his invasion of Leinster from the Haven in 1167. In 1171 Henry II designated the area the rendezvous for his Irish expedition. An army of 400 warships, 500 knights and 4,000 men-at-arms gathered in the haven before sailing to Waterford, and on to Dublin, which marked the first time an English king had stood on Irish soil, and the beginning of Henry's invasion of Ireland. Henry's son John sailed form the area twice to subdue the Irish, in 1185 and 1210. St Thomas à Becket Chapel was dedicated to St Thomas Becket in 1180, a structure which looked out over the Haven from the north shore of the town. In later years it was used as a beacon for sailors in foul weather, and ultimately as a pig sty, until it was reconsecrated in the 20th century.
In his play Cymbeline Act 3, Scene 2 (1611), Shakespeare remarks that Milford is a haven:
George Owen of Henllys, in his Description of Penbrokshire, claimed in 1603 that Milford Haven was the most famous port of Christendom. The area however was a source of anxiety for the Tudor monarchy. Due to its location, it was exposed to attacks from Ireland, a convenient base from which England could be invaded via Wales. In 1405, the French landed in force having left Brest in July with more than 2,800 knights and men-at-arms led by Jean II de Rieux, the Marshal of France, in order to support Owain Glyndŵr's rebellion. It was here that Henry Tudor landed with his uncle, Jasper Tudor, in 1485 before his march towards Lincolnshire, ending in the Battle of Bosworth.
The Tudor era began to recognise the strategic importance of defence of the area, and Thomas Cromwell highlighted this fact to the Council of the Marches of Wales. Some 40 years later, this led to the construction of device forts at West Blockhouse and East Blockhouse. One of the ships, a forty-ton caravel Nuestra Senora Buenviage which had been damaged in the storm attempted to flee but was boarded and captured by six Welsh boats and thus pillaged. The cargo included gold and silver and as a result a fight broke out amongst the pillagers in which one man was wounded. The land comprising the site of Milford, the Manor of Hubberston and Pill, was acquired by the Barlow family following the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the mid-16th century. It acquired an additional strategic importance in the 17th century as a Royalist military base. Charles I ordered a fort to be built at Pill which could prevent re-enforcement of the Parliamentarian garrison of Pembroke Castle, and this was completed in 1643. On 23 February 1644, a Parliamentarian force led by Rowland Laugharne crossed the Haven and landed at Castle Pill. The fort was gunned from both land and water, and a garrison was placed in Steynton church to prevent a Royalist attack from the garrison at Haverfordwest. The fort was eventually surrendered, and quickly taken, along with St Thomas a Becket chapel. Just five years later in 1649 Milford Haven was again the site of Parliamentarian interest when it was chosen as the disembarkation site for Oliver Cromwell's invasion of Ireland. Cromwell arrived in the Haven on 4 August, meeting George Monck, before Cromwell and over a hundred craft left for Dublin on 15 August.
By the late 18th century, the two creeks which would delimit the future town of Milford's boundaries to the east and west, namely Hakin and Castle Pill, were being used as harbours for ships to load and unload coal, corn and limestone. A ferry service to Ireland operated from Hakin around the start of the 20th century, although this ceased in the early 19th century. Hon. Charles Francis Greville, his nephew, was given responsibility for managing the project, and an act of Parliament, the Hubberston and Pill, Pembroke, Docks and Piers Act 1790 (30 Geo. 3. c. 55), was granted which made it possible to continue. In 1791, Mary Morgan visited Hubberston on a tour of Wales, and noted in her journal:
There had been a Quaker population in Pembrokeshire since 1650, although its numbers had been in decline following emigration to North America. Greville, supported by Sir William Harcourt, proceeded to invite seven Nantucket Quaker families to settle in the new town, and in 1792 they arrived, led by the Starbuck family, with the intention of developing a whaling fleet to service the growing demand for street lighting. Greville had highlighted the opportunities for trade with the Americas from the town to the New Englanders, and lobbied the Board of Trade to support the plan. Progress was rapid, and by 1802, Admiral Horatio Nelson had been invited to view the town in person as part of a tour to celebrate the anniversary of the Battle of the Nile. He spoke glowingly during a banquet held in his honour, commenting on the number of whaleships sent to the Southern Oceans, Milford's status as a primary seaport on the west coast of Britain, and culminated in comparing the harbour with that of Trincomalee in Sri Lanka as to be the two best he had ever seen. In 1800 the short-lived Milford and Pembrokeshire Bank was established by Thomas Phillips, operating from a branch in the town. It collapsed in 1810.The 19th century − Development of the townBetween 1801 and 1803, the town and waterway were protected by temporary batteries at Hakin Point and south of St Katherine's Church, in response to the perceived threat following the Fishguard Invasion. In 1814 the Royal Dockyard was transferred to Pembroke Dock, which quickly reduced the fortunes of the new town. John Bartholomew commented in 1887 that Milford was in a languishing state, although he noted that the commercial docks, at that time under construction, "will probably become a great seat of trade with America." Robert Fulke Greville inherited the estate in 1824, and in 1853 relocated to the town. He commenced a series of improvements, including the building of a wooden pier and hotel for the Irish traffic and two bridges across Milford's two pills (accompanied by toll houses). The Milford Improvement Act 1857 (20 & 21 Vict. c. 74) appointed improvement commissioners to run the town.
The town's population was further boosted by Quaker whalers from Nantucket, and a growing fishing industry that employed a large number of people. By 1849, the district of Hakin was described as a considerable centre of boat building, with approximately 200 "shipwrights residing at that place". The (37 & 38 Vict. c. lxvii) authorised the construction of a docks in Hubberston Pill, a plan which was estimated to require two and a half years before completion. Actual completion was not achieved until 1888, delayed in part due to the bankruptcy of Samuel Lake. Contemporary speculation suggested that a journey between London and New York via Milford would now be possible in less than seven days, two days fewer than the voyage on the established Liverpool route. There was also considerable thought given to a proposed "Montreal & Milford Line", linking the two ports and potentially cutting the journey time even further than that of New York. It was eventually finished in 1888, but the transatlantic trade hoped for never materialized. In 1863, the railway network came to Milford, linking it to the Haverfordwest line and beyond. In 1866, work was completed on an additional extension which provided access to the docks and mining depot on the eastern side of the town. If the Manchester and Milford Railway scheme had come to fruition, the town would have enjoyed a direct rail link to the Midlands and Northwest England.
Between 1875 and 1886 the Great Eastern was a permanent fixture at Milford Docks, remaining there for lengthy repairs. Her arrival into the docks, marked by an artillery salute and town festivities, was heralded as an example of the scale of vessel which the town could expect to attract. January 1900 saw the docks become the temporary home of the City of Paris liner, where it underwent light repairs after running aground off the coast of Cornwall. In the late 1850s, work began on a network of forts on both sides of the Milford Haven estuary, as a direct result of the Royal Commission on the Defence of the United Kingdom. They were designed with the intention of defending the United Kingdom against French invasion, although were never used for this purpose. Notable examples in the town were Fort Hubberstone in Gelliswick.
In December 1894 the Milford Improvement Commissioners were replaced by Milford Haven Urban District Council under the Local Government Act 1894.
The 20th century
poster by John Hassall, 1921]]
By 1901, the town's population had reached 5,102, and by 1931 had doubled to 10,104. During World War I, the Haven was an assembly point for convoys to Gibraltar, and a base, under the command of R.N.R. Captain (and retired Admiral) Charles Holcombe Dare, to counter the activity of German U-boats off the coast of Pembrokeshire. The town welcomed many Belgian refugees from Ostend, many of whom had known the area through landing fish; The early 20th century saw a period of increased urbanization of the area. The land immediately back from Hamilton Terrace, bounded by Robert St, Priory Road and Great North Road was now completely built upon. In the period from the First World War to 1937, 312 council houses were built in a variety of locations, including estates at Hakinville, Prioryville, Glebelands and Prescelly Place. In 1926 the Urban District Council completed work on an electricity plant, thereby completing the electrification of the town, at a cost of £70,000. A focus of activity for the base included mine sweeping of the Haven, which was subject to aircraft attack on 50 occasions. Milford town escaped serious damage from German bombings during the Second World War however, and bombs were seldom dropped on land. Despite its strategic importance as the home of a large fish market, a mines depot, a flax factory, and housing numerous military personnel, a co-ordinated attack on the town never materialised. In the summer of 1941 a bomb fell in fields near Priory Road, and later that year, a bomb damaged a house in Brooke Avenue. In neither instance were there casualties. August 1941 saw the Meades Farm hit in an unsuccessful attack on Air Ministry underground petroleum tanks in Priory Pill, which resulted in non fatal injuries. Due to it strategic importance as a naval base, few children were evacuated from urban centres to Milford Haven. Requisition of the fishing fleet in August 1939 for naval duty meant that the number of trawlers in Milford dropped from 109 in July 1939 to 51 in December of that year. Over-fishing coupled with national economic factors contributed to a significant decline in the fishing industry, resulting in smaller catches and fewer trawlers. By 1972, only twelve trawlers were registered at the port, and 1974 saw industrial and political action to save jobs related to the industry. Legislation was passed, and 1958 saw the establishment of the Milford Haven Conservancy Board. In 1960, the Esso Company completed work on an oil refinery near the town, which opened despite environmental objections. This was followed by similar developments by many other chief oil companies in a 10-year period. BP opened a deep water terminal near Angle, connected to a refinery at Llandarcy by underground pipeline. The site encompasses Popton Fort. "The industry however was not labour intensive, and did not provide huge labour opportunities for locals, in the 1970s employing only 2,000 workers." The nature of large construction projects meant that workers were attracted from outside the local area, and the decline of the fishing industry was to a certain extent masked. However, this employment was not permanent. On completing the construction of construction projects such as the Esso refinery and the Cleddau Bridge, those who decided to relocate to the town were faced with what the Preseli District Council called in 1977 "the area's serious unemployment problem". In 1984, a serious explosion on a tanker being repaired in the Haven resulted in three fatalities. In 1996 the area hit the headlines internationally when the oil tanker Sea Empress ran aground, causing a substantial oil spill.
Etymology
Milford Haven is an Anglicization of an old Scandinavian name Melrfjordr that was first applied to the waterway - the Old Norse Melr, meaning sandbank, and fjordr, meaning inlet, developing into "Milford"; then later the term "Haven" was added. The town was named Milford after the waterway, and, as with the waterway, Haven was added later - in this case around 1868, when the railway terminus was built. The Welsh for Milford Haven, Aberdaugleddau, refers to the estuary which is the meeting point of the "White River Cleddau" (Afon Cleddau Wen) and the "Black River Cleddau" (Afon Cleddau Ddu). The term "Aber" is associated with the 'pouring out' of a river, hence the description of the two rivers meeting and forming an estuary. Cleddau itself may make reference to the action of a weapon or tool cutting through the land.<ref name"BBC placenames"/> From the 1970s onward, the term "Milffwrd" can be occasionally heard, having even appeared on tourist maps.<ref name"McKay"/>References
;Bibliography
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Category:Milford Haven
Category:History of Pembrokeshire
Milford Haven
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Milford_Haven
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Linespotted Ufipa barb
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The linespotted Ufipa barb (Enteromius brachygramma) is a rare species African freshwater cyprinid fish. It is only known from a small affluent of the Lukinda in the Lake Mweru system of the Congo River basin, in D.R. Congo.
References
Barbus brachygramma IUCN Red List (accessed 2014)
Category:Enteromius
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1915
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Fish of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linespotted_Ufipa_barb
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Shorthead barb
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The shorthead barb (Enteromius breviceps) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius from the catchments of the Longo and Cunene Rivers in Namibia and Angola.
Footnotes
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Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Ethelwynn Trewavas
Category:Fish described in 1936
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shorthead_barb
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African redfinned barb
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The African redfinned barb (Enteromius camptacanthus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius. It is found from the Niger Delta to the Congo Basin.<ref name iucn/>References
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African redfinned barb
Category:Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
African redfinned barb
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_redfinned_barb
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Space Environment Information System
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The SPace ENVironment Information System (SPENVIS) is an ESA operational software developed and maintained at Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy since 1996. It provides a web-based interface for assessing the Space environment and its effects on spacecraft systems and crews. An international user community uses the system for various purposes, e.g. mission analysis and planning, educational support, and running models for scientific applications. SPENVIS also includes extensive background information on the space environment and the environment models.
References
External links
SPENVIS home page
Category:European Space Agency
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Environment_Information_System
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Elwen
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Elwen (also known as Elvan, Elven, etc.) was the name of an early saint or saints venerated in Cornwall and Brittany. The hagiographical material asserts that he came to Cornwall from Ireland in the company of Breage and six others, but this is attested late. A chapel at Porthleven in Sithney parish, Cornwall, dedicated to Elwen, existed from the 13th century until 1549, and in Brittany several sites and placenames are associated with possibly related figures.
History
The name St Elvan is attached to a chapel at Porthleven in Sithney recorded as early as 1270. This chapel was rebuilt c. 1510 but was destroyed in 1549. Elwen appears in John Leland's extracts from a lost late-medieval Life of Saint Breage included in his Itinerary. Leland's extracts name Elwen as one of Saint Breage's seven Irish companions who join her on her mission to Cornwall, the others being Sithney, Germoe, Mavuanus (perhaps Mawnan), Crowan, Helena, and Tecla. The text also refers to a Life of St Elwinus, evidently a lost hagiography of Elwin. A few medieval and early modern Cornish sources mention Elwen and his chapel, but little else is known of him there. One document mentions him in connection to an otherwise unknown Saint Gelvin, though this may be based on a mistake or a fraud. In Brittany two apparently distinct saints with corresponding names are known. A Saint Elouan is said to have had his chapel at Saint-Guen, and to have been buried there, while a Saint Elven gave his name to the commune of Elven, Morbihan. It is unknown which, if either, may be identified with the Cornish Elwen. In modern times a Church of St Elwyn has been established at Hayle, probably inspired by the legend recorded in Leland's work that Elwen and company had landed there from Ireland.
Notes
References
Category:5th-century Christian saints
Category:Medieval Breton saints
Category:Medieval Irish saints of Cornwall
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elwen
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Owen O'Neill
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| footnotes | module
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'''Owen O'Neill''' is a Northern Irish writer, actor, director, and comedian.
Early life
O'Neill was born, the third eldest of 16 children, in Cookstown, Northern Ireland. He has drawn on his upbringing in Cookstown for some of his more colourful characters in his standup and theatre work. Early comic influences included W. C. Fields, Laurel and Hardy, and particularly Richard Pryor: "It was also poignant and heartfelt and I realised then that stand-up could be an art-form". He briefly attended Queen’s University in Belfast studying English, but dropped out and worked various menial jobs in Italy, Amsterdam, and finally London at age 21. and his stand-up evolved out of his poetry readings. Theatre sets have included 12 Angry Men, One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest and The Odd Couple. Stand-up has included "Off My Face" and "It Was Henry Fonda's Fault".
As a writer, his debut feature film Arise and Go Now was screened by BBC2 and was directed by Danny Boyle and starred Ian Bannen. He has adapted a number of his works of short fictions to be plays or films.
His short film The Basket Case won the best Irish short at the 2008 Boston Irish Film Festival, where judges described it as "a beautiful and memorable film", and best International short at The 2010 Fantaspoa film festival in Brazil.
O'Neill's play Absolution performed on Off Broadway in 2010 to good reviews. Charles Isherwood of The New York Times praised the effective writing and O'Neill's performance as "hold[ing] the attention fast with its understated, almost offhand intensity.". He won best actor at the Irish Theatre Festival Awards for the role.Awards and honours{| class"wikitable"
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!Year
!Award
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| rowspan=2 | 1993
| Cork Film Festival
| Best Irish Short
| rowspan=2 | Shooting to Stardom
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| Chicago International Film Festival
| Best Short Film
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| 1994
| Perrier Comedy Awards
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| "It's A Bit Like This"
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| 1998
| LWT Writing Award
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| Off My Face
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| rowspan | 1999
| Fringe First<ref name=fringefirst />
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| "Dehydrated & Travellin' Light" (with Sean Hughes), "Dead Meat"
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| rowspan=2 | 2008
| Boston Irish Film Festival<ref name=basketcasewin />
| Best Irish Short
| rowspan=2 | The Basket Case
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| Brazilian Santa Posa
| Best Short
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| 2010
| First Irish Theatre Festival Awards
| Best Actor
| Absolution
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Filmography
Film
* Michael Collins (Rory O’Connor) (1998)
* "Arise and Go Now" (writer) (1991)
* The Basket Case (writer) (2008)
Television
* Shooting to Stardom (writer) (1993)
* The Bill (George Rayburn) (2000)
* The Fitz (writer) (2000)
* DNA (writer) (2000)
* Saints and Scholars (presenter) 2000-02
Theatre
* Much Ado About Nothing (Dogberry) (1998)
* Off My Face (1998)
* 12 Angry Men (2003)
* One flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest (Dale Harding) (2006)
* The Odd Couple (Roy)(2005)
* The Shawshank Redemption (2009)
* Absolution (Nathan, also playwright)(2010)
Bibliography
* WB Yeats and Me (short story)
* The Basket Case (short story)
* Volcano Dancing (2006)
* Tom Joad and Me (2024)
References
External links
Category:Male comedians from Northern Ireland
Category:Male film actors from Northern Ireland
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Stand-up comedians from Northern Ireland
Category:Satirists from Northern Ireland
Category:Comedy writers from Northern Ireland
Category:Humorists from Northern Ireland
Category:Actors from County Tyrone
Category:People from Cookstown
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owen_O'Neill
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Peterhof Palace
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The Peterhof Palace (; an emulation of German "Peterhof", meaning "Peter's Court") is a series of palaces and gardens located in Petergof, Saint Petersburg, Russia, commissioned by Peter the Great as a direct response to the Palace of Versailles by Louis XIV of France. Originally intending it in 1709 for country habitation, Peter the Great sought to expand the property as a result of his visit to the French royal court in 1717, The architect between 1714 and 1728 was Domenico Trezzini, and the style he employed became the foundation for the Petrine Baroque style favored throughout Saint Petersburg. Also in 1714, Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, likely chosen due to his previous collaborations with Versailles landscaper André Le Nôtre, designed the gardens. Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli completed an expansion from 1747 to 1756 for Elizabeth of Russia. The palace-ensemble along with the city center is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Construction
The end of the Great Northern War resulted in the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, ceding much of the Swedish Empire's claim to the Baltic Sea to the rising Tsardom of Russia. Peter the Great already began construction of his new capital St Petersburg in 1703 after successfully capturing Swedish provinces on the eastern coast. This strategic location allowed Russian access to the Baltic Sea through the Neva River that flowed to the Gulf of Finland. The island of Kotlin and its fortress Kronstadt west of St Petersburg provided a gateway and commercial harbor access owing to the shallowness of water closer to the city.
Throughout the early 18th century, Peter the Great built and expanded the Peterhof Palace complex as a part of his goal to modernize and westernize Russia.
Monplaisir Palace (1714–1723)
In 1714, Peter began construction of the Monplaisir Palace (French: "my delight") based on his own sketches. He "сhalked out not only the site but also the inside layout, some elements of the decorative finish, etc". Based in a Dutch style, this was Peter's summer retreat (not to be confused with his Summer Palace) that he would use on his way coming and going from Europe through the harbour at Kronstadt. On the walls of this seacoast palace hung hundreds of paintings that Peter brought from Europe and allowed to weather Russian winters and the dampness of the sea without heat. In the seaward corner of his Monplaisir Palace, Peter made his Maritime Study, from which he could see Kronstadt Island to the left and St. Petersburg to the right. Later, he expanded his plans to include a vaster royal château of palaces and gardens further inland, on the model of Versailles which would become Peterhof Palace. The initial design of the palace and its garden was done by the French architect Jean-Baptiste Le Blond.Layout
The dominant natural feature of Peterhof is a 16-m-high bluff lying less than 100 m from the shore. The so-called Lower Gardens (Nizhny Sad), at 1.02 km<sup>2</sup> comprising the better part of Peterhof's land area, are confined between this bluff and the shore, stretching east and west for roughly 200 m. The majority of Peterhof's fountains are contained here, as are several small palaces and outbuildings. East of the Lower Gardens lies the Alexandria Park with 19th-century Gothic Revival structures such as the Kapella.
Atop the bluff, near the middle of the Lower Gardens, stands the Grand Palace (Bolshoi Dvorets). Behind (south) of it are the comparatively small Upper Gardens (Verhnyy Sad). Upon the bluff's face below the palace is the Grand Cascade (Bolshoi Kaskad). This and the Grand Palace are the centrepiece of the entire complex. At its foot begins the Sea Channel (Morskoi Kanal), one of the most extensive waterworks of the Baroque period, which bisects the Lower Gardens.
The Grand Cascade and Samson Fountain
The Grand Cascade is modelled on one constructed for Louis XIV at his Château de Marly, which is likewise memorialised in one of the park's outbuildings.
At the centre of the cascade is an artificial grotto with two stories, faced inside and out with hewn brown stone. It currently contains a modest museum of the fountains' history.
The fountains of the Grand Cascade are located below the grotto and on either side of it. There are 64 fountains. Their waters flow into a semicircular pool, the terminus of the fountain-lined Sea Channel. In the 1730s, the large Samson Fountain was placed in this pool. It depicts the moment when Samson tears open the jaws of a lion, representing Russia's victory over Sweden in the Great Northern War, and is doubly symbolic. The lion is an element of the Swedish coat of arms, and one of the great victories of the war was won on St Sampson's Day. From the lion's mouth shoots a -high vertical jet of water, the highest in all of Peterhof. This masterpiece by Mikhail Kozlovsky was looted by the invading Germans during the Second World War; see History below. A replica of the statue was installed in 1947.
Perhaps the greatest technological achievement of Peterhof is that all of the fountains operate without the use of pumps. Water is supplied from natural springs and collects in reservoirs in the Upper Gardens. The elevation difference creates the pressure that drives most of the fountains of the Lower Gardens, including the Grand Cascade.
The Lower Gardens
The expanse of the Lower Gardens is designed in the formal style of French formal gardens of the 17th century. Although many trees are overgrown, in recent years the formal clipping along the many allees has resumed in order to restore the original appearance of the garden. The many fountains located here exhibit an unusual degree of creativity.
The same bluff that provides a setting for the Grand Cascade houses two other, very different cascades. West of the Grand Palace is the Golden Mountain (Золотая Гора), decorated with marble statuary that contrasts with the riotous gilded figures of the Grand Cascade. To the east is the Chess Mountain (Шахматная Гора), a broad chute whose surface is tiled black and white like a chessboard. The most prominently positioned fountains of Peterhof are 'Adam' and 'Eve'.
The Grand Palace
The largest of Peterhof's palaces looks imposing when seen from the Lower or Upper Gardens, but in fact it is quite narrow and not overly large.
The Chesma Hall is decorated with twelve large paintings of the Battle of Chesma, a stunning naval victory of the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774. These were painted between 1771 and 1773 by the German artist Jacob Philipp Hackert. His first renderings of the great battle scenes were criticised by witnesses as not showing realistically the effect of exploding ships — the flying timbers, great flames, smoke, and fireballs.
The East and West Chinese Cabinets were decorated between 1766 and 1769 to exhibit objects of decorative art imported from the East. The walls were decorated with imitation Oriental patterns by Russian craftsmen, and hung with Chinese landscape paintings in yellow and black lacquer. Another room, positioned at the centre of the palace, bears the name of the Picture Hall.
Other features
The Grand Palace is not the only historic royal building in Peterhof. The palaces of Monplaisir and Marli, as well as the pavilion known as the 'Hermitage', were all raised during the initial construction of Peterhof during the reign of Peter the Great.History1705–1755
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In the early 1700s, the original Peterhof appeared quite different from today. Many of the fountains had not yet been installed and the entire Alexandrine Park and Upper Gardens did not exist. What is now the Upper Gardens was used to grow vegetables, and its ponds, then numbering only three, for fish. The Samson Fountain and its massive pedestal had not yet been installed in the Sea Channel, and the channel itself was used as a grand marine entrance into the complex.
Perhaps the most important change augmenting Peter's design was the elevation of the Grand Palace to central status and prominence. The Grand Palace was originally called simply 'Upper', and was hardly larger than any of the other structures of the complex. The addition of wings, undertaken between 1745 and 1755, was one of the many projects commissioned from the Italian architect Bartolomeo Rastrelli by Elizabeth of Russia. Likewise, the Grand Cascade was more sparsely decorated when initially built.1941–modern day
Peterhof, like Tsarskoye Selo, was captured by German troops in 1941 and held until 1944. In the few months that elapsed between the German invasion of the Soviet Union and the appearance of the German Army, employees were only able to save a portion of the treasures of the palaces and fountains. An attempt was made to dismantle and bury the fountain sculptures, but three quarters, including all of the largest ones, remained in place.
On 23 September 1941 German troops captured Peterhof. Two weeks later, on 5 October 1941, Soviet troops tried to recapture the town and block the highway by naval landing. 510 marines of the Soviet Baltic Fleet landed on the beach of the neighboring park of Alexandria but faced a heavy fire from the Germans. The commander of the operation was killed, all landing troops became disorganised, one landing craft was sunk and another one missed. Despite Soviet attempts to cover the landing forces by coastal artillery from Kronstadt, they were quickly suspended because of lack of connection with the landing troops. Evacuation attempts also failed due to heavy German artillery shelling (only one marine was picked up from the water). The Peterhof landing operation failed and all landing troops were cut off from the shore and surrounded. Some of them reached the Lower Gardens and fought until the bitter end, including hand-to-hand combat. The last pockets of resistance were destroyed on 7 October. Several dozen German Shepherd dogs were released into the gardens to find the hiding marines. Many of the wounded marines were mauled to death and several were captured.
The occupying forces of the German Army largely destroyed Peterhof. Many of the fountains were destroyed, and the palace was partially exploded and left to burn. Restoration work began almost immediately after the end of the war and continues to this day. The Lower Park was reopened to the public in 1945.
The name was changed to "Petrodvorets" ("Peter's Palace") in 1944 as a result of wartime anti-German sentiment and propaganda, but the original name was restored in 1997 by the post-Soviet government of Russia.
The "purpose" of Peterhof was as a celebration and claim to access to the Baltic (while simultaneously, Peter the Great was also expanding on the Black Sea littoral).
Gallery
<gallery widths"160" heights"130">
File:St.Petersburg Russia Summer Palace.jpg|Poseidon and the palace church dome
File:Samson fountain in Peterhof 02.jpg|The 20-metre-high vertical jet of water from the lion's mouth of the Samson Fountain
File:Церковь Большого Дворца. Петергоф.jpg|Church of the Grand Palace
File:Petershof Bolshoy Palace 2005.jpg|The Upper Gardens of Peterhof
File:Grand Cascade in Peterhof 01.jpg|View of the Grand Cascade
File:Hermitage Peterhof againstthesea.jpg|The Hermitage Pavilion in the Lower Gardens
File:Peterhof interior 20021011.jpg|The Grand Throne Room
File:Aviary Pavilion on the grounds of Peterhof in Russia.JPG|Aviary Pavilion
File:Olgia Pavilion Peterhof.jpg|Olgin Pavilion
File:RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peterhof Palace-Tsaritsyn Pavilion.jpg|Tsarina's Pavilion
</gallery>
See also
* List of Baroque residences
* Medici lions; the inspiration for the palace's Lion Cascade
* Peter the Great Statue
* Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments
* List of World Heritage Sites in Russia
* Seven Wonders of Russia
References
Further reading
*
* Vernova, N (2004). Peterhof: The Fountains. St. Petersburg: Abris.
* Vernova, N (2004). Peterhof: The Grand Palace. St. Petersburg: Abris.
External links
* available in Russian or English.
* [http://www.around.spb.ru/maps/suburb/kronstadt_gen.gif Map of Kronstadt] in Russian and English showing the central Island of the Kronstadt fortifications and Naval yard that Peter the Great constructed across the shallow Gulf of Finland to control access by water to St. Petersburg after his armed forces took the area from Sweden in 1703. Peter built Peterhof on the southern shore with a clear view of the Kronstadt fortifications and Naval yard.
* [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?fq&hlen&qpetrodvorets,+russia&ieUTF8&tk&om1&ll59.949509,29.96315&spn0.255135,0.862427 Interactive satellite view map of Kronstadt, Peterhof, and St. Petersburg]. The Kronstadt Island harbor that Peter the Great built on what was Kotlin Island is in the middle of the Gulf of Finland. The Kronstadt fortifications in shallow water stretch east and south from Kronstadt Island. Peterhof ("Petrodvorets" on this map) is southeast of Kronstadt Island on the shore. St. Petersburg is to the east on the River Neva.
* [http://www.saint-petersburg.com/peterhof/monplaisir.asp Official page for Monplaisir Palace], the palace and personal retreat that Peter the Great designed and built for his own pleasure.
*
Category:Houses completed in 1725
Category:Gardens in Saint Petersburg
Category:Palaces in Petergof
Category:Royal residences in Russia
Category:Baroque architecture in Russia
Category:Russian Baroque gardens
Category:Fountains in Russia
Category:Landscape design history
Category:World Heritage Sites in Russia
Category:Historic house museums in Saint Petersburg
Category:1725 establishments in the Russian Empire
Category:Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Saint Petersburg
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterhof_Palace
|
2025-04-06T15:55:22.969267
|
25880381
|
Labeobarbus aspius
|
Labeobarbus aspius, the Drakensberg minnow or Maluti minnow,<ref nameIUCN/> is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to the Congo Democratic Republic.References
*
aspius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1912
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labeobarbus_aspius
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.040664
|
25880382
|
Blackback barb
|
The blackback barb (Enteromius barnardi) is a species of cyprinid fish native to Africa where it is known to occur in shallow, vegetated waters of the Zambezi River system, the Cunene River system and the Zambian portion of the Congo River system.
Size
This species reaches a length of .EtymologyThe fish is named in honor of Keppel Harcourt Barnard (1887–1964) of the South African Museum, because of his contributions to the taxonomy of South African fishes.
Economic Value
It is also found in the aquarium trade.<ref nameFB/>References
blackback barb
Category:Fish of Zambia
blackback barb
Category:Taxa named by Reginald Arthur Jubb
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackback_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.060623
|
25880385
|
Barotse barb
|
The Barotse barb (Enteromius barotseensis) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius from the southern Congo Basin, Zambezi, Okavango, Cunene and Kafue.
Footnotes
*
References
Barotse barb
Category:Barotseland
Barotse barb
Barotse barb
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barotse_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.098907
|
25880391
|
International Reviews of Immunology
|
International Reviews of Immunology is an international peer-reviewed medical journal that covers basic and translational research in immunology and related fields.
Editor
The editor in chief of International Reviews of Immunology is Dr. Himanshu Kumar (Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India; WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan). References
Category:Immunology journals
Category:8 times per year journals
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Reviews_of_Immunology
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.138900
|
25880408
|
Elvan (disambiguation)
|
Elvan is the native variety of quartz-porphyry in Cornwall and Devon, England.
Elvan may also refer to:
Given name
St Elvan, a possibly legendary 2nd-century British saint
St Elvan, another name for St Elwen of Cornwall
Eluan Powys (Elvan of Powys), a seventh century character named throughout Llywarch Hen's englyn-poem, Canu Heledd.
Elvan Abeylegesse (born 1982), Ethiopian-Turkish female track and field athlete
Surname
Berkin Elvan (1999–2014), Turkish boy died in coma after a tear-gas cartridge fired by police hit his head
Lütfi Elvan (born 1962), Turkish mining engineer, politician and government minister
Others
Elvan (soft drink), Turkish soft drink brand
Elvan Water, a stream in Scotland
See also
Elven (disambiguation)
Category:Turkish unisex given names
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvan_(disambiguation)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.217172
|
25880451
|
Elwin
|
Elwin may refer to:
Elwen, Cornish saint
Elwin, Illinois, United States, an unincorporated community
Hastings Elwin (1776-1852), British-Australian politician
Whitwell Elwin (1816 -1900), British clergyman and editor
Maurice Elwin (1896–1975), British singer and songwriter, real name Norman Blair
Verrier Elwin, (1902–1964), British-Indian anthropologist and ethnologist
Ross Elwin (born 1946), retired Australian rules football player
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elwin
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.482504
|
25880470
|
George Ainslie
|
George Ainslie may refer to:
George Ainslie (British Army officer, died 1804), Scottish general
George Robert Ainslie (1776–1839), Scottish general and coin collector
George Ainslie (delegate) (1838–1913), congressional delegate from Idaho
George Ainslie (psychologist) (born 1944) American psychiatrist, psychologist and behavioral economist
George Ainslie (Virginia politician) (1868–1931), mayor of Richmond, Virginia, 1912–1924
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Ainslie
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.582602
|
25880485
|
Henry Slicer
|
Henry Slicer (March 27, 1801 – April 23, 1874) was an American Methodist minister who served as Chaplain of the Senate for three separate terms.
Early years
Henry Slicer was born on March 27, 1801, in Annapolis, Maryland, the son of Andrew Slicer and Elizabeth Selby. During his youth he worked for a time as a painter of furniture while he studied for the ministry. He was licensed to preach in December 1821, by the Methodist church.
Ministry
Slicer served pastorates at the Harford circuit (1821) and then the Redstone circuit (1823), west of the Allegheny Mountains. Then he was assigned to the Ebenezer Station in Washington, D.C., at the Naval Yard (1824). In 1837 he was elected to serve as Chaplain of the Senate, a post to which he would again be elected in 1847 and 1853.
The unfortunate duel on February 24, 1838, at the Bladensburg dueling grounds, between two Congressmen, Jonathan Cilley and William J. Graves, resulting in Cilley’s death, brought forth a sermon by Slicer that greatly influenced Congressional legislation banning dueling in the District of Columbia.
He served at Georgetown and went to Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1846. Following his third term as Senate Chaplain he served in Baltimore and in Frederick, Maryland. Slicer served as chaplain of the Seaman’s Chapel (1862–1870) in Baltimore. In 1870, he was appointed presiding elder of the Baltimore district. He died on April 23, 1874.
Personal life
On April 3, 1827, in Baltimore, Slicer married Elizabeth (“Eliza”) C. Roberts. They had two daughters: Julia (b. 1836) and Sarah (b. 1847). Their three sons were George, Henry and Thomas Slicer.
References
Category:1801 births
Category:1874 deaths
Category:Chaplains of the United States Senate
Category:American Methodist clergy
Category:19th-century Methodists
Category:19th-century American clergy
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Slicer
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.664221
|
25880494
|
Enteromius alberti
|
| synonyms_ref
}}
Enteromius alberti, the Luambwa barb, is a species of cyprinid fish in the genus Enteromius which is found in the river systems throughout the Lake Edward basin and Lake Victoria basin.References
alberti
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by Peter James Palmer Whitehead
Category:Fish described in 1960
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteromius_alberti
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.689708
|
25880496
|
Terek barbel
|
The Terek barbel (Barbus ciscaucasicus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Barbus which is found in the western drainage basin of the Caspian Sea from the Terek basin to the Samur basin in Dagestan, Georgia and Azerbaijan.<ref name IUCN/> References
*
ciscaucasicus
Category:Cyprinid fish of Asia
Category:Fish described in 1877
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terek_barbel
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.708226
|
25880500
|
Cunene barb
|
The Cunene barb or topstripe barb (Enteromius dorsolineatus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius, it occurs only in Angola where it is found in the Catumbela, Balombo, and Kunene river systems.
References
*
Category:Endemic fauna of Angola
Category:Enteromius
Category:Fish described in 1936
Category:Taxa named by Ethelwynn Trewavas
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunene_barb
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.749316
|
25880523
|
Dicks-Elliott House
|
| locmapin = Virginia#USA
| built = 1813
| architect = Micajah Dicks (unconfirmed)
| architecture = Federal
| designated_nrhp_type = 2002
| area =
| partof = Court House Hill-Downtown Historic District
| partof_refnum 02001361
}}
Dicks-Elliott House is a historic home located in Lynchburg, Virginia. It was built in 1813 by Agatha Terrell Dicks, widow of Windsor chair-maker William Dicks. Agatha was the daughter of noted Lynchburg-area Quakers Micajah Terrell and Sarah Lynch. On August 6, 1812, Agatha Dicks' uncle John Lynch (Lynchburg's Founder) sold half-acre Lot Number 175 to Agatha for $1.00.
History
The dwelling that was built on the property is a -story three-bay Federal-style house. It is constructed of brick laid in three course American Bond, and is covered with a side-gable slate roof. First floor windows are six-over-nine double-hung sash, and upper-story windows are six-over-six double-hung sash. A pair of four-pane casement sash flank the chimney at the third, or garret, level. The front entrance is located in the middle bay, which is somewhat unusual for Lynchburg houses of the period. The six-panel door is accessed by a small frame porch that was constructed in the early 21st century. A -story, gable-roofed frame addition (built c. 2000) projects from the rear of the house, and a 2-story porch occupies the remainder of the rear facade. A small 1-story shed-rood addition projects from the northwestern elevation. According to insurance maps and physical evidence, the house originally had a -story, gable-roofed brick wing on this elevation. This wing was demolished in the early 20th century. A -story frame outbuilding dating to the early 21st century is located in the northwestern corner of the lot, which now measures approximately 1/12 of an acre.
While uncommon for three-bay houses of the period in Lynchburg, the interior floor plan is remarkably similar to plans of houses found in the Quaker communities surrounding Guilford County, North Carolina (William Dicks' home). Visitors entering through the front door immediately enter the primary chamber of the first floor, rather than a hallway or antechamber. A smaller room is accessed via a small hallway in the northeastern corner of the house. This hallway also contains a switchback winding staircase that serves all three floor levels. Combined with the wing that was demolished in the early 20th century, the house exhibited a modified three-cell plan that was typical for Quaker-built dwellings of the period. Trim details in the house are relatively spartan, and typically display Roman, rather than Greek, ovolo profiles.
In 1814, Agatha Dicks sold the house to Peter Elliott, a builder from Richmond. Dicks then traveled with her children to Ohio to flee the slaveholding state of Virginia. In 1815, she married noted Quaker missionary Isaac Harvey. She died in 1828 and is buried at the Old Springfield Friends Meeting House in Wilmington, Ohio.
A partial list of subsequent owners of the house includes Irish tobacconist James V. Knight (from 1836–1858), merchant John T. Murrill and family (from 1858–1891), and WWII (in the 1950s). The house was rental property from 1891–1952, and the family of Arthur Walkup occupied the house from about 1918–1943.
The Dicks-Elliott House was determined to be individually eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places in 1999. It was included as a contributing property in the 2002 Boundary Increase of the Court House Hill-Downtown Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The house is a recipient of a Merit Award from the Lynchburg Historical Foundation, and has been featured on HGTV's "Dream Builders," "Old Homes Restored," and "If Walls Could Talk" ([https://web.archive.org/web/20120314162221/http://www.hgtv.com/if-walls-could-talk-/safe-cracking-discovery/index.html Episode WCT-1507H] "Emily and Scott Smith buy their 1812 (sic) home in Lynchburg, Va., for only a dollar and get way more than they bargained for. Throughout the five-year renovation, the couple has discovered marbles, buttons, carpenter tools, wedding rings, an 1800s bullet mold and apotropaios (good luck symbols) engraved into the fireplace."References External links
* [http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/registers/Cities/Lynchburg/118-5163_CourtHouseHillHD_2002_NRfinal_Boundary_Increase.pdf Court House Hill Historic District Boundary Increase (National Register Nomination)]
* Peter Elliott House, Harrison & Seventh Streets, Lynchburg [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collIdhhphoto&fileNameva/va1000/va1098/photos/browse.db&actionbrowse&recNum0&title2Peter%20Elliott%20House,%20Harrison%20%26%20Seventh%20Streets,%20Lynchburg,%20VA&displayType1&itemLinkD?hh:1:./temp/~ammem_eO9Y:: photos], [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collIdhhdatapage&fileNameva/va1000/va1098/data/hhdatapage.db&recNum0&itemLinkD?hh:1:./temp/~ammem_eO9Y:: data page], [http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collIdhhcaption&fileNameva/va1000/va1098/data/hhcaptionpage.db&recNum0&itemLink=D?hh:1:./temp/~ammem_eO9Y:: photo caption] page, at Historic American Buildings Survey
* [http://www.wscottsmith.com/elliotthouse/ The Dicks-Elliott House Web Site]
Category:Houses completed in 1813
Category:Federal architecture in Virginia
Category:Historic district contributing properties in Virginia
Category:Houses in Lynchburg, Virginia
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Lynchburg, Virginia
Category:1813 establishments in Virginia
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicks-Elliott_House
|
2025-04-06T15:55:23.893161
|
25880540
|
AIDS Education and Training Centers
|
thumb|300px|Map of AETC Service Regions
The AIDS Education and Training Centers (AETC) are a United States network of five national centers, 11 regional training centers, and over 130 associated local performance sites that provide education on HIV and related co-morbidities such as hepatitis, tuberculosis, and sexually transmitted diseases for healthcare providers in the United States. The AETCs were established in 1987 through federal funding from the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Bureau of Health Professions. In 1997, the AETCs became a component of the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program.
__TOC__
Education
Some of the most common AETC training topics include adherence, antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infections, prevention methods, and substance abuse. The AETCs collectively train and educate more than 125,000 participants a year.
The AETCs also offer technical assistance to healthcare clinics that provide HIV care and treatment. Common technical assistance issues include community linkages, client scheduling, agency needs assessment, and grants management.
References
Category:HIV/AIDS organizations in the United States
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDS_Education_and_Training_Centers
|
2025-04-06T15:55:24.060457
|
25880575
|
Royal Academy of Music (company)
|
(), National Portrait Gallery.]]
on the Haymarket (London) by William Capon.]]
The Royal Academy of Music was a company founded in February 1719, during George Frideric Handel's residence at Cannons, by a group of aristocrats to secure themselves a constant supply of opera seria. It is not connected to the London conservatoire with the same name, which was founded in 1822.
It commissioned large numbers of new operas from three of the leading composers in Europe: Handel, Attilio Ariosti and Giovanni Bononcini. The Academy took the legal form of a joint-stock corporation under letters patent issued by George I of Great Britain for a term of 21 years with a governor, a deputy governor and at least fifteen directors. The (first) Royal Academy lasted for only nine seasons instead of twenty-one, but both the New or Second Academy and the Opera of the Nobility seem to have operated under its Royal Charter until the expiry of the original term.
Handel was appointed as Master of the orchestra responsible not only for engaging soloists but also for adapting operas from abroad and for providing possible libretti for his own use, generally provided from Italy.
Initially the librettist Paolo Antonio Rolli was the "Italian secretary of the Academy"; he was replaced by Nicola Francesco Haym within a few years.
The subscribers
, .]]
The capital of £10,000 was divided into 50 shares of £200 each. Sixty-three people initially subscribed for shares. The issue was rapidly oversubscribed: several took more than one share: Lord Burlington subscribed £1000. Otto Erich Deutsch printed a list of 63 names, a later list by Charles Burney carried 73 names. The extra ten were perhaps those admitted at the directors' meetings on 30 November and 2 December 1719. This would give a total capital of £17,600.
The first twelve and main subscribers listed, were the Lord Chamberlain Duke of Kent appointed as governor but never on duty as such, followed by the Duke of Newcastle as governor, the Duke of Grafton, the Duke of Portland, the Duke of Manchester the deputy governor, the Duke of Chandos, the Duke of Montrose, the Earl of Sunderland, the Earl of Rochester, the Earl of Berkeley, the Earl of Burlington, the Earl of Litchfield and the Earl of Lincoln.In 1723 the Academy paid a dividend of seven percent. It was the only dividend they ever paid. who had studied harpsichord under Alessandro Scarlatti, seem to have been the only two competent directors. Other directors were Lord Bingley, Mr James Bruce, Mr Benjamin Mildmay, 1st Earl FitzWalter, Mr Bryan Fairfax, Mr George Harrison, Mr (Thomas?) Smith, Mr Francis Whitworth (a brother of Charles Whitworth), Doctor John Arbuthnot, Mr John James Heidegger, the Duke of Queensbury, the Earl of Stair, the Earl of Waldegrave, Lord Chetwind, Lord Stanhope, Thomas Coke of Norfolk, Conyers Darcy, Brigadier-General Dormer, Colonel O'Hara, Brigadier-General Hunter, William Poultney and Major-General Wade.
Musicians
On 14 May 1719 Handel was ordered by the Lord Chamberlain and governor of the corporation, the Duke of Newcastle, to look for new singers. Handel travelled to Dresden to attend the newly built opera house. He saw Teofane by Antonio Lotti, composed for the wedding of August III of Poland, and engaged leading members of the cast on behalf of the Royal Academy of Music. In April 1720 the Academy began producing operas. The orchestra consisted of seventeen violins, two violas, four cellos, two double basses, four oboes, three bassoons, a theorbo and a trumpet.
The brothers Prospero and Pietro Castrucci as well as Johan Helmich Roman and John Jones were violinists. Bononcini was a cellist, he and Handel presumably accompanied the recitatives in all the operas. Filippo Amadei, one of the composers of Muzio Scevola, also played cello, Pietro Giuseppe Sandoni, who would soon marry Francesca Cuzzoni, was the second harpsichord player. John Baptist Grano was the trumpeter, John Festing played oboe; Charles Frederick Weideman was the flautist and oboist and is also known from his appearance in The Enraged Musician''.
<!--*Handel rented a house in Brook Street and collaborated with John Smith, his fellow-student in Halle, and his son Johann Christoph Schmidt, who had become his assistants. -->
The first opera staged by the Academy was Numitore composed by Giovanni Porta, the second was Radamisto by Handel and the third Narciso by Domenico Scarlatti.
Operas and singers
, Venice, between 1709 and 1712.]]
, , engaged by the Academy for as long as possible.]]
Extravagant fees were offered to entice the best performers from Italy. For Margherita Durastanti in the role of Radamisto, Handel wrote one of his favourite arias, Ombra cara di mia sposa. The great singers who were to be the brightest stars of the Royal Academy during the next few years, such as the castrato Senesino and the soprano Francesca Cuzzoni, had not yet arrived in London. Senesino had obligations to fulfill and arrived in September 1720, accompanied by a group of outstanding singers: the castrato Matteo Berselli, the soprano Maddalena Salvai and the bass Giuseppe Boschi.
Handel used the libretto of Teofane for his Ottone, with Cuzzoni as prima donna. It became his most successful opera in the years of the Academy. In 1724 and 1725 Handel wrote several masterpieces: Giulio Cesare, (1724) with many da capo arias that became famous, and Anastasia Robinson as Cornelia. Not a castrato but a tenor, Francesco Borosini, sang the leading role of Bajazet in Handel's most powerfully tragic opera Tamerlano (also 1724). Insisting on adding the death of Bajazet he had a direct role in shaping the climax of the work.
Eventually Bononcini was dismissed, and went into private service, Robinson retired and Joseph Goupy may have been employed as a scene-painter.
In February 1726 Handel revived his Ottone, which had been spectacularly successful at its first performances in 1723 and was again a hit at its revival, with a London newspaper reporting
(1696–1778).]]
As the newspaper notes, full houses were by no means a regular occurrence by that time, and the directors of the Royal Academy of Music decided to increase audiences' interest by bringing another celebrated international opera star, Italian soprano Faustina Bordoni, to join established London favourites Francesca Cuzzoni and the star castrato Senesino in the company's performances. Many opera companies in Italy featured two leading ladies in one opera and Faustina (as she was known) and Cuzzoni had appeared together in opera performances in various European cities with no trouble; there is no indication that there was any bad feeling or ill-will between the two of them prior to their London joint appearances.
The three stars, Bordoni, Cuzzoni and Senesino commanded astronomical fees, making much more money from the opera seasons than Handel did. The opera company would have been aware that the story of the two princesses in love with Alexander the Great chosen for the two prima donnas' first joint appearance in Handel's Alessandro was familiar to London audiences through a tragedy by Nathaniel Lee, The Rival Queens, or the Death of Alexander the Great, first performed in 1677 and often revived and it may be that they were encouraging the idea that the two singers were rivals.}}
The performances of Alessandro went off with no signs of animosity between Bordoni and Cuzzoni or their respective supporters, but it was not very long after that tension between the two erupted. As 18th century musicologist Charles Burney observed about the Cuzzoni / Faustina rivalry:
Handel's next opera, Admeto, again with roles for both sopranos, was well-received and had nineteen performances in its initial run, a mark of success for those times.
(1697–1781).]]
Many audience members were extremely enthusiastic about the singers. At the conclusion of one of Cuzzoni's arias at a performance of the original run, a man in the gallery called out "Damn her: she has got a nest of nightingales in her belly".
However, some members of the London audience had become fiercely partisan in favouring either Bordoni or Cuzzoni and disliking the other and at the performance of Admeto on 4 April 1727 with members of the royal family present, elements of the audience were extremely unruly, hissing and interrupting the performance with cat-calls when the "rival" to their favourite was performing, causing public scandal. Cuzzoni issued a public apology to the royal family through one of her supporters:
* Dean, W. (2006) “Handel’s Operas, 1726–1741”, (The Boydell Press). Woodbridge.
* Dean, W. (1993) "Handel's Sosarme, a Puzzle Opera". In: Essays on Opera. Oxford University Press. Oxford. .
* Deutsch, O.E. (1955), Handel: A Documentary Biography. W.W. Norton & Company Inc Publishers. New York. Reprint 1974, Da Capo Press.
* Bukofzer, M.F. (1948) Music in the Baroque Era. From Monteverdi to Bach. J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd. London, Toronto, Melbourne. Reprint 1983. .
* Handel, A Celebration of his life and times, 1685–1759. Edited by Jacob Simon. Published by the National Portrait Gallery, London.
References
External links
* [http://ichriss.ccarh.org/HRD/ Handel Reference Database] (in progress)
* [https://www.jstor.org/pss/3207146 Jstor.org 3207146]
* [https://www.jstor.org/pss/735336 Jstor.org 735336]
Category:1719 establishments in England
Category:Companies established in 1719
Category:1719 in music
Category:George Frideric Handel
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music_(company)
|
2025-04-06T15:55:24.199201
|
25880591
|
Amona
|
Amona may refer to:
Places
Amona, Goa, a village in Goa, India
Amona, Mateh Binyamin, an Israeli outpost in the central West Bank
Isla de Mona, known in the pre-Columbian era as Amona
Other
"Amona", a song on the album Necessary Evil by Israeli band Salem
Asteia amona, an Asteiidae species of fly
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amona
|
2025-04-06T15:55:24.263727
|
25880602
|
Spurius Larcius
|
509–482 BC
| office = Consul (506, 490 BC)
| children | relatives Titus Larcius (brother)
}}
Spurius Larcius (surnamed Flavus or Rufus; 509–482 BC) was one of the leading men of the early Roman Republic, of which he was twice consul. However, his greatest fame was won as one of the defenders of the Sublician bridge against the army of Lars Porsena, the King of Clusium.BackgroundThe Larcii, whose nomen is also incorrectly spelled Lartius and Largius, were an Etruscan family at Rome during the early years of the Republic. Spurius' brother, Titus Larcius, was twice consul, in 501 and 498 BC, and was also nominated dictator. Dionysius gives their surname as Flavus, but in some sources it is Rufus. Both were common surnames, originally referring to someone with fair or red hair, respectively, and it may be that the two brothers were distinguished by their surnames as well as by their praenomina.War with Clusium
Following the expulsion of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the last Roman king in 509 BC, Lars Porsena, the King of Clusium, resolved to conquer Rome, either to restore the Etruscan monarchy, or possibly for himself. The following year he went to war with Rome, and advanced with his army upon the city. After occupying the Janiculum on the west side of the Tiber, the Clusian army approached the Pons Sublicius, a wooden bridge leading into the city. The Roman forces withdrew to the eastern side of the river, as engineers began the work of destroying the bridge's supports. Three Romans remained on the bridge to fend off the Etruscans: Publius Horatius Cocles, Titus Herminius Aquilinus, and Spurius Larcius.
Niebuhr suggests a symbolic importance to these three men: each represented one of the three ancient tribes making up the Roman populace: the Ramnes, or Latins, represented by Horatius; the Titienses, or Sabines, represented by Herminius, and the Luceres, or Etruscans, represented by Larcius.
The bridge was too narrow for more than a few of the approaching army to advance upon its defenders at once, and according to the legend, they held their ground until the bridge was about to collapse. Horatius then urged his colleagues to retreat to safety, leaving him alone on the bridge. There he remained, fighting off one attacker after another, until the bridge at last gave way and plunged into the river. Horatius then jumped into the river. Accounts vary as to whether Horatius survived and swam to shore, or was drowned in the Tiber; in most accounts he survived, but according to Polybius, he defended the bridge alone, and perished in the river.
Larcius and Herminius appear again in the war with Clusium, commanding troops as part of a trap devised by the consul Publius Valerius Publicola to capture Etruscan raiding parties.
Career
Larcius was elected consul for 506 BC, the fourth year of the Republic, with Titus Herminius, his companion on the bridge, as his colleague. No significant events occurred during their year of office. Their successors sent a delegation to meet with the envoys of Porsena, and established a treaty, by which the Etruscan King gave up his claims to Rome. Larcius served as legate under the consul Publius Postumius Tubertus against the Sabines in 505, and either he or his brother, Titus, was lieutenant to the consul Publius Valerius Poplicola in 504.
Larcius was consul for the second time in 490 BC, with Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus. In 488, he and Sulpicius were among five consulares sent to treat with Gaius Marcius Coriolanus as he advanced upon Rome. In the following year, Larcius was praefectus urbi, or warden of the city. In 482, he was the second of two interreges appointed by the senate to hold the consular elections. Larcius finished holding the comitia that his predecessor, Aulus Sempronius Atratinus, had begun; Sempronius had been unable to finish the elections as the office of interrex was limited to a span of five days. The same year, Larcius advised going to war with the nearby Etruscan city of Veii.
In literature
The stand of Larcius and his companions against Lars Porsena at the Sublician Bridge in 508 BC is celebrated in Macaulay's Lays of Ancient Rome, the most famous of which is Horatius.<ref name"DGRBM Lartius Flavus"/>See also* Lartia gensNotes
References
Bibliography
* Polybius, Historiae (The Histories).
* Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Romaike Archaiologia (Roman Antiquities).
* Titus Livius (Livy), History of Rome.
* Valerius Maximus, Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium (Memorable Facts and Sayings).
* Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus (Plutarch), Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans.
* Chronography of 354.
* Thomas Babington Macaulay, Lays of Ancient Rome, Longman, London (1842).
* Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849).
* George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol. VIII, pp. 103–184 (1897).
* T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, American Philological Association (1952–1986).
* Robert Maxwell Ogilvie, Commentary on Livy, books 1–5, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1965).
Category:6th-century BC births
Category:5th-century BC deaths
Category:6th-century BC Roman consuls
Category:5th-century BC Roman consuls
Category:Ancient Roman generals
Spurius
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spurius_Larcius
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25880603
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Dekorative Kunst
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thumb|right|1903 magazine cover
Dekorative Kunst (meaning Decorative Art in English) was a German avant-garde art magazine published from October 1897 to 1929. The magazine promoted the Jugendstil or Art Nouveau style and was founded by Julius Meier-Graefe. The publisher of the magazine was Alexander Koch.
References
External links
Six issues of Dekorative Kunst published between October 1897 and March 1898
Category:1897 establishments in Germany
Category:1929 disestablishments in Germany
Category:Art Nouveau magazines
Category:Defunct literary magazines published in Germany
Category:German-language magazines
Category:Magazines established in 1897
Category:Magazines disestablished in 1929
Category:Magazines published in Munich
Category:Monthly magazines published in Germany
Category:Visual arts magazines published in Germany
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dekorative_Kunst
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Mount Langford
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| coordinates_ref the first superintendent of Yellowstone and a leader of the Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition to Yellowstone in 1870. The expedition and Langford's subsequent promotion in Scribner's helped in the creation of the park in 1872.
]]
On September 7, 1870, the Washburn expedition was camped along the southwestern shore of Yellowstone Lake. That day Langford and Lt. Gustavus Cheyney Doane chose to ascend a nearby peak. From that peak, Langford sketched the first reasonably accurate map of Yellowstone Lake. Upon their return to camp, Henry D. Washburn named the peak they ascended and a nearby secondary peak: Mount Langford and Mount Doane. They are annotated on the map Langford sketched. Langford described the summit with these words:
<small></small>
During the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871, Hayden, for unknown reasons, moved the names of Mount Langford and Doane to peaks farther north. The original Mount Langford remained unnamed until 1885 when Arnold Hague named it Colter Peak.
See also
* Mountains and mountain ranges of Yellowstone National Park
Notes
Category:Mountains of Wyoming
Category:Mountains of Yellowstone National Park
Category:Mountains of Park County, Wyoming
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Langford
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.331974
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25880608
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Mangar (fish)
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| synonyms_ref
}}
The Mangar or pike barbel,
Taxonomy
The mangar is the type species of Luciobarbus, which was established for it by Heckel in 1843. The species scientific name essentially means "pike-like pike-barbel" (after the northern pike, Esox lucius), though a more literal translation would be "pike-like wolf-barbel".
Description
The species reaches a maximum length of up to and a weight of up to . A more typical size is and .<ref nameOzgur2016/> It is considered one of the largest extant cyprinids (surpassed by the giant barb), and may live for up to at least 17 years.<ref nameiucn/> It has a large head, with a toothless mouth surrounded by four barbels. The silvery body is covered with small scales. There is only one dorsal fin, a pair of pectoral and ventral fins. The anal fin and tail they have yellowish tones.
Distribution, habitat and behavior
The mangar occurs in the drainage basins of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey. Adults keep to larger bodies of water such as large rivers and reservoir, migrating to smaller inflows to spawn.<ref name=iucn/>
The mangar has been recorded feeding on a wide range of animals, from zooplankton and invertebrate to fish and birds, but also phytoplankton. Fish typically make up about half its food.<ref nameOzgur2016/>ConservationThe species is currently classified as Vulnerable by the IUCN.<ref nameiucn/> Although no reliable population data are available, reports and catches have declined severely in recent decades, and it is believed that most populations are heavily overfished. Although some locations still show abundant numbers, widespread exploitation as a major target for inland fisheries is considered a cause for concern.<ref name=iucn/>
The species has been bred in captivity and is considered to have potential in aquaculture.<ref nameOzgur2016/> References
Mangar
Category:Fish described in 1843
Category:Taxa named by Johann Jakob Heckel
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangar_(fish)
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.365866
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25880611
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Orangefin barb
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The orangefin barb
It favours clear-flowing waters, usually headwater streams with rocky habitats, although it is known from sandy streams in the Caprivi Strip. This fish will ascend tributaries during the dry season, and move only onto floodplains in rainy season. It feeds on insects.<ref nameFishBase/> Footnotes
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1904
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orangefin_barb
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.371877
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25880644
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Issues in Mental Health Nursing
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Issues in Mental Health Nursing is a peer-reviewed nursing journal that covers psychiatric and mental health nursing. Because clinical research is the primary vehicle for the development of nursing science, the journal presents data-based articles on nursing care provision to clients of all ages in a variety of community and institutional settings. Additionally, the journal publishes theoretical papers and manuscripts addressing mental health promotion, public policy concerns, and educational preparation of mental health nurses. The editor-in-chief is Sandra P. Thomas (University of Tennessee).
See also
List of psychiatry journals
External links
Category:Academic journals established in 1978
Category:Psychiatric and mental health nursing journals
Category:Taylor & Francis academic journals
Category:Monthly journals
Category:English-language journals
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issues_in_Mental_Health_Nursing
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.436520
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25880647
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MS Free Enterprise II
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{|
|Ship motto|Ship nickname
|Ship fate=2003: sold to Indian breakers
|Ship notes|Ship badge
}}
|}
'MS Free Enterprise II' was a cross-Channel ferry operated by Townsend Thoresen between 1965 and 1982. The ship features prominently in the comedy film San Ferry Ann. In later life as Moby Blu she served Corsica and Elba.HistoryFree Enterprise II was built by I.C.H. Holland, Werf Gusto Yard, Schiedam, Netherlands in 1965 for Townsend Brothers Ferries (later Townsend Thoresen). In November 2003, she was sold to Indian breakers St Vincent/ Grenadines, renamed Moby and sent to Alang, India for breaking. In popular culture
References
Notes
Bibliography
*
Category:Ferries of England
Category:Ferries of France
Category:1965 ships
Category:Ships built in Schiedam
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS_Free_Enterprise_II
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.462298
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25880657
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Josephus Tethool
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Josephus Tethool (1 April 1934 – 18 January 2010) was the Roman Catholic titular bishop of Apisa Maius and the auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Amboina, Indonesia.
Ordained to the priesthood on 20 December 1961, Tethool was named bishop on 2 April 1982 and was ordained on 26 September 1982. Bishop Tethool retired on 1 April 2009.
Notes
Category:1934 births
Category:2010 deaths
Category:20th-century Roman Catholic bishops in Indonesia
Category:21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in Indonesia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephus_Tethool
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.468131
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25880661
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Gokcha barbel
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The Sevan barbel (Barbus goktschaicus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Barbus. It occurs in Lake Sevan and its tributaries. It is often referred to as Gokcha barbel in a literal translation of its scientific name.
, both FishBase and WoRMS consider this taxon to be invalid, as it has been synonymised with Barbus cyri
References
goktschaicus
Category:Cyprinid fish of Asia
Category:Fish described in 1877
Category:Taxa named by Karl Kessler
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gokcha_barbel
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.493110
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25880663
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Redtail barb
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The redtail barb (Enteromius gurneyi) is a species of cyprinid fish endemic to KwaZulu Natal in South Africa. It is found at altitudes of , particularly in clear streams over sandstones.
Size
This species reaches a length of .EtymologyThe fish is named in honor of John Henry Gurney (1819–1890), an English banker and amateur ornithologist, through whose help Günther received numerous specimens from Port Natal Durban, South Africa.References
redtail barb
Category:Freshwater fish of South Africa
Category:Endemic fish of South Africa
redtail barb
redtail barb
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redtail_barb
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.512619
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25880668
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Sickle barb
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The sickle barb (Enteromius haasianus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius. it gets its common name from the sickle shaped anal fin of mature males, they are normally a translucent brown colour with a spot on the caudal peduncle but in breeding condition the males take on a rosy hue. It is a common and widespread species of swamps and shallow waters, including floodplains, in central Africa from the Congo Basin to the Zambezi.
Size
This species reaches a length of .
Etymology
The fish is named in honor malacologist Fritz Haas (1886-1969), who collected the type specimen.
References
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Fish described in 1936
Category:Taxa named by Lore Rose David
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_barb
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.537313
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25880672
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Spotscale barb
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Spotscale barb (Enteromius holotaenia) is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Enteromius which occurs in western central Africa from Cameroon south to Angola.<ref name iucn/> Footnotes
*
Category:Enteromius
Category:Cyprinid fish of Africa
Category:Taxa named by George Albert Boulenger
Category:Fish described in 1904
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spotscale_barb
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2025-04-06T15:55:24.543461
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