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physics/0603067v2

Surface polaritons in two-dimensional left-handed photonic crystals

Using an extended plane-wave-based transfer-matrix method, the photonic band structures and the corresponding transmission spectrum of a two-dimensional left-handed photonic crystal are calculated. Comparisons between the periodic structure with a single left-handed cylindric rod are made, and many interesting similarities are found. It is shown that, due to the localized surface polaritons presented by an isolated left-handed rod, there exist many exciting physical phenomena in high-dimensional left-handed photonic crystals. As direct results of coupling of the localized surface polaritons of neighboring left-handed rod, a lot of almost dispersionless bands, anti-crossing behavior, and a zero $\bar{n}$ gap are exhibited in the left-handed periodic structure. Moreover, in a certain frequency region, except distorted by a lot of anti-crossing behavior, there exists a continual dispersion relation, which can be explained by the long-wavelength approximation. It is also pointed out that high-dimensional left-handed photonic crystals can be used to design narrow-band filter.

Optics (physics.optics)

sign errors in equations

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

physics/0604211v4

Wavelets and Solar Magnetic Activity I: Wavelets on the Edge

The traditional continuous wavelet transform is plagued by the cone-of-influence, ie wavelets which extend past either end of a finite timeseries return transform coefficients which tend to decrease as more of the wavelet is truncated. These coefficients may be corrected simply by rescaling the remaining wavelet. The corrected wavelet transform displays no cone-of-influence and maintains reconstruction as either edge is approached. As an application and example, we present the corrected wavelet transform of the (derectified) yearly International Sunspot Number, R_i, as a measure of solar magnetic activity, and compare the yearly solar magnetic power with Oerlemans' glacial global temperature reconstruction.

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)

Superseded by arXiv:0812.2438

subsumed by another publication

physics/0604225v2

On Superstring and Supergravity Dimensions

This paper has been withdrawn by the author.

General Physics (physics.gen-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author

reason not specified

physics/0605201v2

A versatile sensor for string motion

The full characterization of a stringed musical instrument requires measuring the motion of the strings in at least two dimensions. Traditionally this has been done using electromagnetic means or by optical transmission. However in many instruments the strings are not made of steel, nor are the strings easily accessible on both sides. In this work it is shown that string positions can be measured by inexpensive optical reflection sensors which neither require metallic strings nor obtrusive access. We have demonstrated a versatile and non-invasive technique for measuring the position of a vibrating string in a 1 mm^2 area with an accuracy of tens of microns for thin strings, and better than 0.1 mm for thick ones.

Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)

More work needs to be done on nonlinearities before this becomes a useful device

incomplete exposition or more work in progress

physics/0606055v3

Non-classical Energy Conservation in Multi-wave Systems: "Extra Energy", "Negative Energy" and "Annihilation of Energy"

The energy conservation is a general law of nature. In the classical physics, the energy W_{AB} of a conservative system {AB} that contains the objects A and B is equal to a sum of the positive energies W_A and W_B of the isolated objects A and B, W_{AB} = W_A+W_B. We show that the energy conservation does not exhibit the "classic law" if the physical objects are waves or they do have a wave nature of microscopic (quantum) objects. The "extra energy", "negative energy" and "annihilation of energy" are predicted for multi-wave (multi-beam) systems. The paradoxical phenomenon is demonstrated in context of the extraordinary transmission of light and matter through subwavelength aperture arrays assisted by surface waves [T.W. Ebbesen et al., Nature (London) 391, 667(1998)) and E. Moreno et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 170406 (2005)].

Optics (physics.optics)

Uploaded under my name, but not with my approval; my username was used by someone else. (Now I changed my password.)

administrative or legal issues

physics/0608075v5

On the completeness of classical electromagnetism

The possibility of an incompletness of the equations of electromagnetism is analyzed using a thought experiment that shows a non-physical behavior according to classical electromagnetism. Basically, from Maxwell equations it is shown that a particular passive, isolated circuit could present a transient growth of its currents. Resolution of this problem is sought within the context of the usual electromagnetism and also using the possibly simplest generalization of Maxwell equations, a reduced version of Ohmura equations.

General Physics (physics.gen-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in the argumentation.

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

physics/0701199v2

Treatment of Errors in Efficiency Calculations

In this report we discuss the treatment of statistical errors in cut efficiencies. The two commonly used methods for the calculation of the errors, Poissonian and Binomial, are shown to be defective. We derive the form of the underlying probability density function and characterize its mean, mode, and variance. A method for the calculation of errors based on the variance of the distribution is discussed.

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors

reason not specified

physics/0703075v3

The absolute Frequency measurement of atomic thallium 6P1/2->7S1/2 transition using optical frequency comb

The Doppler-free spectroscopy of atomic thallium ($\rm{^{203}Tl}$ and $\rm{^{205}Tl}$) $\rm{6P_{1/2}->7S_{1/2}}$ transitions have been observed using two counter-propagating laser beams perpendicular to the atomic beam, and the absolute frequencies of these transitions have been measured to an accuracy of $\rm<$1 MHz (1 ppb) using optical frequency comb. Our results improved the hyperfine splittings by a factor of 7~8. The isotope shifts are in agreement with the previous experimental results.

Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)

new result was publised

subsumed by another publication

physics/9905058v6

A Theory of Quantum Space-time

An interpretation and re-formulation of modern physics which removes the presumption of the space-time continuum, and bases physical theory on a small number of rational and empirical principles. After briefly describing the philosophical principles underlying the theory, we rigorously construct a discrete model of quantum mechanics. Kets are names, or labels which categorise states of matter but do not directly describe them. The principle of superposition is seen as a definitional truism in the categorisation of states. This resolves the measurement problem of quantum mechanics by attributing the collapse of the wave function to information. The probability interpretation has a natural meaning in which the configuration of interacting particles plays the role of a hidden variable. The model supports a form of relativistic quantum field theory which does not depend on quantisation or second quantisation from classical mechanics. Continuous laws of wave mechanics are found in a discrete metaphysic which does not involve waves. Classical law is the expected behaviour of many elementary particles. The constraints on the theory are sufficient to establish that particles are point-like entities with specific properties found in nature. Newton's first law and conservation of momentum are established from the principle of homogeneity. Maxwell's equations are derived from the simple interaction in which a Dirac particle emits or absorbs a photon. Feynman rules are calculated for the discrete theory and differ from the standard rules by the removal of the ultraviolet divergence and the use of proper loop integrals. They give finite and unambiguous results.

General Physics (physics.gen-ph)

This paper is withdrawn, as it is superseded by EJTP 10, No. 28 (2013) 27-80, arXiv:gr-qc/0605127v3

subsumed by another publication

physics/9906030v4

An Interpretation of Quantum Logic

It is argued that the orthodox interpretation of quantum mechanics is in conflict with the objective existence of space-time, and suggested that kets are labels which name real states of matter but do not directly describe them. Position is a relationship between particles which necessarily contains uncertainty. The principle of superposition is seen as a definitional truism in the naming of states. The description of space in quantum logic resolves the measurement problem of quantum mechanics and related paradoxes such as Schrodinger's cat by attributing the collapse of the wave function to information.

General Physics (physics.gen-ph)

This paper is withdrawn as it is superseded by arXiv:1205.4607

subsumed by another publication

q-alg/9604007v4

Quantization of Poisson groups -- II

Let $ G^\tau $ be a connected simply connected semisimple algebraic group, endowed with generalized Sklyanin-Drinfeld structure of Poisson group; let $ H^\tau $ be its dual Poisson group. By means of Drinfeld's double construction and dualization via formal Hopf algebras, we construct new quantum groups $ U_{q,\phi}^M ({\frak h}) $ --- dual of $ U_{q,\phi}^{M'} ({\frak g}) $ --- which yield infinitesimal quantization of $ H^\tau $ and $ G^\tau $; we study their specializations at roots of 1 (in particular, their classical limits), thus discovering new quantum Frobenius morphisms. The whole description dualize for $ H^\tau $ what was known for $ G^\tau $, completing the quantization of the pair $ (G^\tau,H^\tau) $.

Quantum Algebra (math.QA)

This preprint was withdrawn because its content is included in the (now updated) preprint arXiv:q-alg/9511022

subsumed by another publication

q-bio/0601009v2

Adhesion between cells, diffusion of growth factors, and elasticity of the AER produce the paddle shape of the chick limb

This paper has been withdrawn

Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)

This paper has been withdrawn

reason not specified

quant-ph/0010065v7

Artificial Orbitals and a Solution to Grover's Problem

By allowing measurements of observables other than the state of the qubits in a quantum computer, one can find eigenvectors very quickly. If a unitary operation U is implemented as a time-independent Hamiltonian, for instance, one can collapse the state of the computer to a nearby eigenvector of U with a measurement of the energy. We examine some recent proposals for quantum computation using time-independent Hamiltonians and show how to convert them into ``artificial orbitals'' whose energy eigenstates match those of U. This system can be used to find eigenvectors and eigenvalues with a single measurement. We apply this technique to Grover's algorithm and the continuous variant proposed by Farhi and Gutmann.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

To distinguish the two eigenvectors, one has to distinguish their energies, but the gap is exponentially small

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0109130v2

Coherent Decays of Atoms

Re-considering this work.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. 8 pages

reason not specified

quant-ph/0304014v2

On the reality of EPR paradox

We argue that the so-called entangled states in quantum theory are not something exceptional, deserving a special attention in our efforts to understand conceptual foundations of quantum world. They appear by constructing the basis states of a compound system via the basis states of entering subsystems and describe it as a wholeness. While a system is considered as a wholeness, the individual members, forming the entangled state, have no physical meaning. In consequence, there is no physical ground for Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) correlations arising in a process of decaying the system, being in the entangled state, into its constituent parts. The same regards to Bell's introduced non-locality of quantum world.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an incomplete argumentation.

incomplete exposition or more work in progress

quant-ph/0304140v2

Quantum Joint Distributions

In this paper we provide a method for constructing joint distributions for an arbitrary set of observables on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces irrespective of whether the observables commute or not. These distributions have a number of desirable properties: they agree with the standard quantum mechanical ones if the observables commute, they also depend continuously on the observables, and under unitary transformations they behave in a reasonable manner.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Superseded by the article arXiv:quant-ph/0504019

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0308157v2

Novel Identification of Symmetric and Anti-Symmetric Quantum Functions

Procedures are given below to construct symmetric and anti-symmetric quantum functions. If hidden in an oracle, such functions can be identified exactly, without iterative interrogation. This is another example of quantum search. The resulting positive (or negative) functions also serve to uniquely reorganize a superposition of states to give a basis state for testing purposes.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Material is repeated in another paper

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0309178v2

Quantum theory as a statistical theory under symmetry and complementarity

The aim of the paper is to derive essential elements of quantum mechanics from a parametric structure extending that of traditional mathematical statistics. The main extensions, which also can be motivated from an applied statistics point of view, relate to symmetry, the choice between complementary experiments and hence complementary parametric models, and use of the fact that there for simple systems always is a limited experimental basis that is common to all potential experiments. Concepts related to transformation groups together with the statistical concept of sufficiency are used in the construction of the quantummechanical Hilbert space. The Born formula is motivated through recent analysis by Deutsch and Gill, and is shown to imply the formulae of elementary quantum probability/ quantum inference theory in the simple case. Planck's constant, and the Schroedinger equation are also derived from this conceptual framework. The theory is illustrated by one and by two spin 1/2 particles; in particular, a statistical discussion of Bell's inequality is given. Several paradoxes and related themes of conventional quantum mechanics are briefly discussed in the setting introduced here.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0311072v2

Action at a distance and the no-mediator theorem

It is known that outcomes of space-like separated measurements of entangled particles are interdependent. As in the classical physics no one saw action-at-a-distance, not mediated by some real communication using a carrier, people look for some mediator that makes possible an influence-passing between the distant particles. The wave function does not comprise such a kind of object. The present text tries to incorporate the mediator in the formalism of the quantum mechanics. The result is a contradiction.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This article was withdrawn by the author because a conceptual error was found

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0311188v3

Time as a Dynamical Variable

There are enough reasons for us to consider time as a dynamical variable or operator; but according to Pauli's argument the existence of a self-adjoint time operator is incompatible with the semi-boundedness of Hamiltonian spectrum. In this article, we study the expressions of time operator and the definitions of mean time from a general and new viewpoint, make a new comment on Pauli's objections, and clarify some possible confusion in existing theories of time in quantum mechanics. From which we try to provide a new gateway for the conundrum of time in quantum mechanics and reconstruct a unified foundation for some issues of time.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an alternative submit (arXiv:quant-ph/0609211)

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0312174v5

Quantum Computation, Categorical Semantics and Linear Logic

This preprint has been withdrawn.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Withdrawn: The construction of the category in section 5 contains a flaw that invalidates the assertion that Hilbert bundles provide a monoidal closed category

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0401049v3

Quantum interference and local field effects in a medium of V-type three-level atoms

We study the intrinsic optical bistability displayed by a small sample of $V$-type three-level atoms induced by the near dipole-dipole interaction. The use of the coherent state properties in the limit of the generalized second-order Born approximation for BBGKY-hierarchy of equations for the reduced density operators allows one to derive the operator describing the near dipole-dipole interaction (local field correction) with interference terms involving no additional assumptions. The dynamics of populations of the excited states and the total spontaneous intensity are analysed as functions of the external laser field strength allowing for the off-diagonal structure of the local field and relaxation operators.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial error

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0401124v2

Quantum Artificial Intelligence

This report introduces researchers in AI to some of the concepts in quantum heurisitics and quantum AI.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper is withdrawn because it was incomplete at the time of posting

incomplete exposition or more work in progress

quant-ph/0403160v2

Universal Quantum Gates For Tensors

A universal quantum gate is introduced for tensors of vector spaces. By using integer powers of such a gate and by using classical reversible gates one can approximate any element of the unitary group to any accuracy needed. The proof uses a version of Kronecker's theory and the structure of the Bloch sphere for tensors.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author, it needs a revision and editing

incomplete exposition or more work in progress

quant-ph/0411039v2

What was in the apparatus before the click

From all the observables of a system, none is so close to our classical mentality as position. A system described by a multibranched wave function is studied, each branch corresponding to a separate this http URL question is asked whether at a given moment in our apparatus only one of the paths is populated, or all the paths are populated. It is shown that the assumption that only one path is populated and the others aren't, leads to a contradiction. In direct connection with this, the view that the wave function is only a statistical tool and does not describe single quantum systems, is challenged. The judgement is local, single systems are examined.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This article was withdrawn by the author due to some non-clear points and some mistakes in the calculus

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0411174v3

Quantum theory as a statistical theory under symmetry

Both statistics and quantum theory deal with prediction using probability. We will show that there can be established a connection between these two areas. This will at the same time suggest a new, less formalistic way of looking upon basic quantum theory. A total parameter space $\Phi$, equipped with a group $G$ of transformations, gives the mental image of some quantum system, in such a way that only certain components, functions of the total parameter $\phi$ can be estimated. Choose an experiment/ question $a$, and get from this a parameter space $\Lambda^{a}$, perhaps after some model reduction compatible with the group structure. The essentially statistical construction of this paper leads under natural assumptions to the basic axioms of quantum mechanics, and thus implies a new statistical interpretation of this traditionally very formal theory. The probabilities are introduced via Born's formula, and this formula is proved from general, reasonable assumptions, essentially symmetry assumptions. The theory is illustrated by a simple macroscopic example, and by the example of a spin 1/2 particle. As a last example we show a connection to inference between related macroscropic experiments under symmetry.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0502144v2

Quantum Floyd-Warshall Alorithm

Classical Floyd-Warshall algorithm is used to solve all-pairs shortest path problem on a directed graph. The classical algorithm runs in \mathcal{O} (V^{3}) time where V represents the number of nodes. Here we have modified the algorithm and proposed a quantum algorithm analogous to Floyd-Warshall algorithm which exploits the superposition principle and runs in \mathcal{O} (Vlog_{2}V) time.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

There was a logical flaw in the reported algorithm

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0503214v5

Extended statistical modeling under symmetry; the link toward quantum mechanics

We derive essential elements of quantum mechanics from a parametric structure extending that of traditional mathematical statistics. The basic setting is a set $\mathcal{A}$ of incompatible experiments, and a transformation group $G$ on the cartesian product $\Pi$ of the parameter spaces of these experiments. The set of possible parameters is constrained to lie in a subspace of $\Pi$, an orbit or a set of orbits of $G$. Each possible model is then connected to a parametric Hilbert space. The spaces of different experiments are linked unitarily, thus defining a common Hilbert space $\mathbf{H}$. A state is equivalent to a question together with an answer: the choice of an experiment $a\in\mathcal{A}$ plus a value for the corresponding parameter. Finally, probabilities are introduced through Born's formula, which is derived from a recent version of Gleason's theorem. This then leads to the usual formalism of elementary quantum mechanics in important special cases. The theory is illustrated by the example of a quantum particle with spin.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0503232v2

Nonlocality of single fermions - branches that borrow particles

An experiment performed in 2002 by Sciarrino et al. provided a simple proof of the nonlocality of a single photon whose wave function is multi-branched. The difference between this experiment and others similar, is that the tester-particle used by Sciarrino to "feel" this nonlocality is another photon identical to the tested one. Such an experiment be can in principle performed with fermions too, and this is the case ivestigated in this article. The novel phenomenon revealed by Sciarrino's experiment, is the particle "borrowing". If a single particle is described by a two-branched wave function, then only one of these branches produces a detection at a time, the other ranch remains "silent". What happens in this experiment is that the silent branch "borrows" a particle from another source, if available in the neighborhood, and also produces a detection. To illustrate this feature more obviously, a modificaton of Sciarrino's experiment is proposed. Two sources of particles are made available in the neighborhood of the two branches. What then happens is that each branch takes and populates itself with a particle from whichever source is at hand.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The author of this article re-considered Sciarrino's experiment, on which this article is based. The author places some doubt on the rigor of the conclusions of the experiment, since those conclusions were drawn in base of a truncation of the wave-function

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0505064v2

Quantum limits to the measurement of spacetime geometry

This letter analyzes the limits that quantum mechanics imposes on the accuracy to which spacetime geometry can be measured. By applying the physics of computation to ensembles of clocks, as in GPS, we present a covariant version of the quantum geometric limit, which states that the total number of ticks of clocks and clicks of detectors that can be contained in a four volume of spacetime of radius r and temporal extent t is less than or equal to rt/pi x_P t_P, where x_P, t_P are the Planck length and time. The quantum geometric bound limits the number of events or `ops' that can take place in a four-volume of spacetime and is consistent with and complementary to the holographic bound which limits the number of bits that can exist within a three-volume of spacetime.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Substantial results from this paper appear in corrected form in the first half of 1206.6559 (gr-qc) `The quantum geometric limit.'

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0506093v2

Modified Grover's Search Algorithm in O(M+logN)Steps

The present letter proposes a modification in the well known Grover's search algorithm, which searches a database of $N$ unsorted items in $O(\sqrt{N/M})$ steps, where $M$ represents the number of solutions to the search problem. Concurrency control techniques and extra registers for marking and storing the solutions are used in the modified algorithm. This requires additional space but it is shown that the use of extra register and marking techniques can reduce the time complexity to $O(M+\log N)$.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to soem conceptual error

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0506255v4

Quantum Passwords

A quantum password is a quantum mechanical analogue of the classical password. Our proposal is completely quantum mechanical in nature, i.e. at no point is information stored and manipulated classically. We show that, in contrast to quantum protocols that encode classical information, we are able to prevent the distribution of reusable passwords even when Alice actively cooperates with Eve. This allows us to confront and address security issues that are unavoidable in classical protocols.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Paper withdrawn to address a security loophole

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0507200v2

Symmetry, model reduction, and quantum mechanics

Taking several statistical examples, in particular one involving a choice of experiment, as points of departure, and making symmetry assumptions, the link towards quantum theory developed in Helland (2005a,b) is surveyed and clarified. The quantum Hilbert space is constructed from the parameters of the various experiments using group representation theory. It is shown under natural assumptions that a subset of the set of unit vectors of this space, the generalized coherent state vectors, can be put in correspondence with questions of the kind: What is the value of the (complete) parameter? - together with a crisp answer to that question. Links are made to statistical models in general, to model reduction of overparametrized models and to the design of experiments. It turns out to be essential that the range of the statistical parameter is an invariant set under the relevant symmetry group.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0507205v2

Quantum phenomena may have macroscopic counterparts

From various points of view it is argued that one may find phenomena similar to the quantum effects also in macroscopic cases. This forces one to give up as a general requirement the assumption of realism as formulated by Gill and others. For any potential set of experiments on a limited set of units, we find it useful to introduce for these units the concept of a total parameter, a set of parameters which is so large that a joint value is meaningless.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0508233v2

Bit Commitment from Weak Non-Locality

So-called non-local boxes, which have been introduced as an idealization-in different respects-of the behavior of entangled quantum states, have been known to allow for unconditional bit commitment between the two involved parties. We show that, actually, any possible non-local correlation which produces random bits on both sides can be used to implement bit commitment, and that this holds even when the parties are allowed to delay their inputs to the box. Since a particular example is the behavior of an EPR pair, this resource allows for implementing unconditionally secure bit commitment as long as the parties cannot entangle their Qbits with any other system.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the authors. Superseded by arXiv:0811.3589

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0509086v3

Structure of high-order quantum adiabatic approximation

The paper studies the structure of high-order adiabatic approximation of a wave function for slowly changing Hamiltonians. A constructive technique for explicit separation of fast and slow components of the wave function is developed. The fast components are determined by dynamic phases, while the slow components are given by asymptotic series evaluated by means of an explicit recurrent procedure. It is shown that the slow components represent quasiadiabatic states, which play conceptually the same role as energy levels in stationary systems or Floquet states in time-periodic systems. As an application, we derive high-order asymptotic expressions for quasienergies of periodic Hamiltonians. As examples, a two-state (spin-1/2) system in periodically changing magnetic filed, and a particle in moving square potential well are studied.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to new references information

incomplete exposition or more work in progress

quant-ph/0509182v3

Spacetime path formalism: localized states

This note is an addendum to quant-ph/0507115 . In that paper, I present a formalism for relativistic quantum mechanics in which the spacetime paths of particles are considered fundamental, reproducing the standard results of the traditional formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. Now, it is well known that there are issues with the ability to localize the position of particles in the usual formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics. The present note shows how, in the spacetime path formalism, the natural representation of on-shell 3-momentum states is effectively a Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the traditional representation, addressing the localization issues of position states and, further, providing a straightforward non-relativistic limit.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author. The content of this paper has been incorporated into v3 and later of arXiv:quant-ph/0507115

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0511055v3

Towards quantum mechanics from a theory of experiments

Essential elements of quantum theory are derived from an epistemic point of view, i.e., the viewpoint that thetheory has to do with what can be said about nature. This gives a relationship to statistical reasoning and to other areas of modelling and decision making. In particular, a quantum state can be defined from an epistemic point of view to consist of two elements: A (maximal) question about the value of some parameter together with the answer to that question. Quantization itself can be approached from the point of view of model reduction under symmetry.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This article is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/0511164v3

About what can be honestly called a Quantum Brudno's Theorem

This paper has been withdrawn.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn

reason not specified

quant-ph/0603026v8

Dark Energy: Casimir Effect, Generalized Homogeneity and Axions

This paper has been withdrawn because a much better version, G. Gazzola, M. C. Nemes and W. F. Wreszinski - On the Casimir Energy for a massive quantum scalar field and the cosmological constant- Annals of Physics (N.Y.) vol. 324, 2095-2107 (2009) has appeared, which corrects several conceptual errors in the present one.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn

reason not specified

quant-ph/0604196v2

The Role of Detector in Which-Way Experiment

I will replace this manuscript by a new paper

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

replacement

reason not specified

quant-ph/0605200v2

Continuous observation of a squeezed coherent state

The main aim of the paper is to present the analytical solution of the Belavkin quantum filtering equation for damped harmonic oscillator being initially in the squeezed coherent state for diffusion observation with complex white noise. The comparison of the a priori and a posteriori mean value of the optical quadrature operators and the photon number operator is given.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

Author changed and enlarged this article and post as Squeezed coherent state undergoing a continuous nondemolition observation

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0610155v4

Field-theoretical space-time position operator of the Dirac electron

A field-theoretical space-time position operator can be properly introduced for the Dirac field, it plays the role of a generalized Noether charge associated with a local symmetry, and its second-quantized form shows that quantum fields possess zero-point time, which implies that a zero-point fluctuation of energy must be accompanied with a zero-point fluctuation of time, and then in agreement with the time-energy uncertainty principle. In practice, some possible physical effects owing to zero-point time remain to be found.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial error in this paper

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0610159v3

Are superluminal "signals" an acceptable hypothesis? - Difficulties in building a communication protocol with them

The local hidden variable assumption was repeatedly proved unable to explain results of experiments in which contextuality is involved. Then, the correlated results of measurements of entangled particles, began to be attributed to a communication between particles through so-called "signals". These "signals" need to possess superluminal velocity or move backward in time. No object that has a rest-mass, not even the photons whose rest mass is zero, behave this way. Still, as the nature of the presumed "sinals" is not known, people don't reject the idea, despite the conflict with the theory of relativity. For this reason, the present article examines the "signals" from another point of view: wherever runs a communication, there has also to exist a communication protocol. The article tries to outline a communication protocol between the space-separated, entangled particles, and comes to a contradiction, making the idea of such a communication highly doubtable.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This article is based on very old information. It needs major modifications

not novel

quant-ph/0611060v2

Some Possibility and Impossibility Results related to Discrete Fourier type transforms in Quantum Information

Very recently the most general ensemble of qubits are identified using the notion of linearity; any of these qubits gets accepted by a Hadamard gate to generate the equal superposition of the qubit and its orthogonal. Towards more generalization, we investigate the possibility and impossibility results related to Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) type of operations for a more general set up of qutrits.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been revised a lot in further works. The duly revised and published version is available at this http URL

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0611066v2

Sum rules for Confining Potentials

Using the Green's function associated with the one-dimensional Schroedinger equation it is possible to establish a hierarchy of sum rules involving the eigenvalues of confining potentials which have only a boundstate spectrum. For some potentials the sum rules could lead to divergences. It is shown that when this happens it is possible to examine the separate sum rules satisfied by the even and odd eigenstates of a symmetric confining potential and by subtraction cancel the divergences exactly and produce a new sum rule which is free of divergences. The procedure is illustrated by considering symmetric power law potentials and the use of several examples. One of the examples considered shows that the zeros of the Airy function and its derivative obey a sum rule and this sum rule is verified. It is also shown how the procedure may be generalised to establish sum rules for arbitrary symmetric confining potentials.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

16 pages This paper is withdrawn to make some minor corrections

typos in manuscript

quant-ph/0701163v2

Remarks on the undecidability of the quantum halting problem

The halting problem is a decision problem first posed and proved by Alan Turing in 1936. With the recent surge of interest in quantum computation, one is led to ask if the problem can also be considered for a quantum computer. It is reported that the halting problem may not be solved consistently in both the Schrodinger and Heisenberg pictures of quantum dynamics. The assumption of the existence of the quantum halting machine leads to a contradiction when a vector representing an observable is the system that is to be unitarily evolved in both pictures.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn since it has been superseded by arXiv:0706.4180

subsumed by another publication

quant-ph/0702092v4

The Topological Properties of Fault-Tolerant Circuits

The design of time-independent local Hamiltonians that realise quantum algorithms is derived from the study of perfect state transfer. The novel features of this evolution are the perfect realisation of the computation, and the ability to implement operations in parallel rather than sequentially. This is applied to a quantum circuit for concatenated error correcting codes, and the properties of the eigenstates are compared to those of topological memories. An erroneous implementation of the algorithm (one where a single error could lead to a fault in the output) is found not to be topological, whereas a true fault-tolerant algorithm possesses self-correcting properties, suggesting the existence of a unifying structure for fault-tolerant memories.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn because there are errors in it. I have always believed them to be fixable, but have never had the time to go back and do so

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/0702205v3

Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians with Real Spectra in Quantum Mechanics

A condition to have a real spectrum for a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian is given. As special cases, it is shown that the condition is reduced to Hermiticity and PT symmetric conditions.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to an error in Equ. (5)

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/9703030v3

Comment on ``Nonlocality of a Single Photon Revisited''

This paper has been withdrawn. A significantly revised version will be posted in the near future.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

This paper has been withdrawn. A crucial mistake was found in one of the equations

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/9904078v2

Unconditionally Secure Quantum Coin Tossing

In coin tossing two remote participants want to share a uniformly distributed random bit. At the least in the quantum version, each participant test whether or not the other has attempted to create a bias on this bit. It is requested that, for b = 0,1, the probability that Alice gets bit b and pass the test is smaller than 1/2 whatever she does, and similarly for Bob. If the bound 1/2 holds perfectly against any of the two participants, the task realised is called an exact coin tossing. If the bound is actually $1/2 + \xi$ where the bias $\xi$ vanishes when a security parameter m defined by the protocol increases, the task realised is a (non exact) coin tossing. It is found here that exact coin tossing is impossible. At the same time, an unconditionally secure quantum protocol that realises a (non exact) coin tossing is proposed. The protocol executes m biased quantum coin tossing procedures at the same time. It executes the first round in each of these m procedures sequentially, then the second rounds are executed, and so on until the end of the n procedures. Each procedure requires 4n particles where $n \in O(\lg m)$. The final bit x is the parity of the m random bits. The information about each of these m bits is announced a little bit at a time which implies that the principle used against bit commitment does not apply. The bias on x is smaller than $1/m$. The result is discussed in the light of the impossibility result for exact coin tossing.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

7 pages Revtex format It is known to be impossible. There was no claimed proof in the paper. It is just a bad intuition

factual/methodological/other critical errors in manuscript

quant-ph/9908075v2

Quantum Mechanics from Symmetry and Statistical Modelling

A version of quantum theory is derived from a set of plausible assumptions related to the following general setting: For a given system there is a set of experiments that can be performed, and for each such experiment an ordinary statistical model is defined. The parameters of the single experiments are functions of a hyperparameter, which defines the state of the system. There is a symmetry group acting on the hyperparameters, and for the induced action on the parameters of the single experiment a simple consistency property is assumed, called permissibility of the parametric function. The other assumptions needed are rather weak. The derivation relies partly on quantum logic, partly on a group representation of the hyperparameter group, where the invariant spaces are shown to be in 1-1 correspondence with the equivalence classes of permissible parametric functions. Planck's constant only plays a role connected to generators of unitary group representations.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

quant-ph/9908076v2

Quantum Theory from Symmetries in a General Statistical Parameter Space

The aim of this paper is to show a connection between an extended theory of statistical experiments on the one hand and the foundation of quantum theory on the other hand. The main aspects of this extension are: One assumes a hyperparameter space $\Phi$ common to several potential experiments, and a basic symmetry group G associated with this space. The parameter \theta_{a} of a single experiment, looked upon as a parametric function $\theta_{a}(\cdot)$ on $\Phi$, is said to be permissible if G induces in a natural way a new group on the image space of the function. If this is not the case, it is arranged for by changing from G to a subgroup $G_{a}$. The Haar measure of this subgroup (confined to the spectrum; see below) is the prefered prior when the parameter is unknown. It is assumed that the hyperparameter itself can never be estimated, only a set of parametric functions. Model reduction is made by restricting the space of complex `wave' functions, also regarded as functions on $\Phi$, to an irreducible invariant subspace $\mathcal{M}$ under G. The spectrum of a parametric function is defined from natural group-theoretical and statistical considerations. We establish that a unique operator can be associated with every parametric functions $\theta_{a}(\cdot)$, and essentially all of the ordinary quantum theory formalism can be retrieved from these and a few related assumptions. In particular the concept of spectrum is consistent. The scope of the theory is illustrated on the one hand by the example of a spin 1/2 particle and a related EPR discussion, on the other hand by a simple macroscopic example.

Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

The paper has been withdrawn because it is outdated

not novel

0809.0682v6

Effective quantum field theories in general spacetimes

We introduce regular charts as physical reference frames in spacetime, and we show that general spacetimes can always be fully captured by regular charts. Effective quantum field theories (QFTs) can be conveniently defined in regular reference frames, and the definition is independent of specific background metric and independent of specific regular reference frame. As a consequence, coupling to classical gravity is possible in effective QFTs without getting back-reaction effects. Moreover, we present an approach to effective QFTs including quantum gravity.

Mathematical Physics (math-ph)

Withdrawn without comment

reason not specified

1003.1669v2

Ion distribution functions in cylindrically symmetric electric fields in the auroral ionosphere: the collision-free case in a uniformly charged configuration

The aurora often breaks down into elongated filaments that are aligned with the geomagnetic field. It is natural to infer from this that when important structures are found in the electrostatic fields they, too, will follow a cylindrical geometry. With ionospheric applications in mind, we have therefore studied the response of the ion distribution function and its transport properties to the sudden introduction of an electric field which increases linearly 15 with radial distance.

Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)

Withdrawn without comment

reason not specified

math-ph/0702070v4

On the representation of effective quantum field theories

We discuss a general model for effective quantum field theories (QFTs), which for example comprises quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics. We assume in the model a perturbative expansion of the Lagrangian with respect to a cut-off-energy parameter. For each order in the expansion we rigorously derive a representation, which is unitarily equivalent to the representation of the effective QFT in the non-interaction approximation. We interpret the various representations as different particle pictures with respect to which the effective QFT can be described. We further derive a rigorous scattering theory, which exactly reproduces results of formal scattering theory in quantum field theory.

Mathematical Physics (math-ph)

Withdrawn without comment

reason not specified