examples/weather/angular.js
function resolve(url, parse) {
      var href = url;
      if (msie <= 11) {
        // Normalize before parse.  Refer Implementation Notes on why this is
        // done in two steps on IE.
        urlParsingNode.setAttribute("href", href);
        href = urlParsingNode.href;
      }
      urlParsingNode.setAttribute('href', href);

      if (!parse) {
        return urlParsingNode.href;
      }
      // urlParsingNode provides the UrlUtils interface - http://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlutils
      return {
        href: urlParsingNode.href,
        protocol: urlParsingNode.protocol,
        host: urlParsingNode.host
        // Currently unused and hence commented out.
        // hostname: urlParsingNode.hostname,
        // port: urlParsingNode.port,
        // pathname: urlParsingNode.pathname,
        // hash: urlParsingNode.hash,
        // search: urlParsingNode.search
      };
    }
function resolve(url, parse) {
      var href = url;
      if (msie <= 11) {
        // Normalize before parse.  Refer Implementation Notes on why this is
        // done in two steps on IE.
        urlParsingNode.setAttribute("href", href);
        href = urlParsingNode.href;
      }
      urlParsingNode.setAttribute('href', href);

      if (!parse) {
        return urlParsingNode.href;
      }
      // urlParsingNode provides the UrlUtils interface - http://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlutils
      return {
        href: urlParsingNode.href,
        protocol: urlParsingNode.protocol,
        host: urlParsingNode.host
        // Currently unused and hence commented out.
        // hostname: urlParsingNode.hostname,
        // port: urlParsingNode.port,
        // pathname: urlParsingNode.pathname,
        // hash: urlParsingNode.hash,
        // search: urlParsingNode.search
      };
    }
@description
Normalizes and optionally parses a URL.

NOTE:  This is a private service.  The API is subject to change unpredictably in any commit.

Implementation Notes for non-IE browsers
----------------------------------------
Assigning a URL to the href property of an anchor DOM node, even one attached to the DOM,
results both in the normalizing and parsing of the URL.  Normalizing means that a relative
URL will be resolved into an absolute URL in the context of the application document.
Parsing means that the anchor node's host, hostname, protocol, port, pathname and related
properties are all populated to reflect the normalized URL.  This approach has wide
compatibility - Safari 1+, Mozilla 1+, Opera 7+,e etc.  See
http://www.aptana.com/reference/html/api/HTMLAnchorElement.html

Implementation Notes for IE
---------------------------
IE >= 8 and <= 10 normalizes the URL when assigned to the anchor node similar to the other
browsers.  However, the parsed components will not be set if the URL assigned did not specify
them.  (e.g. if you assign a.href = "foo", then a.protocol, a.host, etc. will be empty.)  We
work around that by performing the parsing in a 2nd step by taking a previously normalized
URL (e.g. by assining to a.href) and assigning it a.href again.  This correctly populates the
properties such as protocol, hostname, port, etc.

IE7 does not normalize the URL when assigned to an anchor node.  (Apparently, it does, if one
uses the inner HTML approach to assign the URL as part of an HTML snippet -
http://stackoverflow.com/a/472729)  However, setting img[src] does normalize the URL.
Unfortunately, setting img[src] to something like "javascript:foo" on IE throws an exception.
Since the primary usage for normalizing URLs is to sanitize such URLs, we can't use that
method and IE < 8 is unsupported.

References:
http://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/HTMLAnchorElement
http://www.aptana.com/reference/html/api/HTMLAnchorElement.html
http://url.spec.whatwg.org/#urlutils
https://github.com/angular/angular.js/pull/2902
http://james.padolsey.com/javascript/parsing-urls-with-the-dom/

@param {string} url The URL to be parsed.
@param {boolean=} parse When true, returns an object for the parsed URL.  Otherwise, returns
a single string that is the normalized URL.
@returns {object|string} When parse is true, returns the normalized URL as a string.
Otherwise, returns an object with the following members.

| member name   | Description    |
|---------------|----------------|
| href          | A normalized version of the provided URL if it was not an absolute URL |
| protocol      | The protocol including the trailing colon                              |
| host          | The host and port (if the port is non-default) of the normalizedUrl    |

These fields from the UrlUtils interface are currently not needed and hence not returned.

| member name   | Description    |
|---------------|----------------|
| hostname      | The host without the port of the normalizedUrl                         |
| pathname      | The path following the host in the normalizedUrl                       |
| hash          | The URL hash if present                                                |
| search        | The query string                                                       |