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--- |
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license: cc-by-4.0 |
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configs: |
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- config_name: wsc273 |
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data_files: |
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- split: test |
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path: "wsc273/test-*.parquet" |
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- config_name: wsc285 |
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data_files: |
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- split: test |
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path: "wsc285/test-*.parquet" |
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--- |
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# The original Winograd Schema Challenge (WSC) as hosted by Ernest Davis |
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## Dataset Description |
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- **Homepage:** https://cs.nyu.edu/faculty/davise/papers/WinogradSchemas/WS.html |
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- **Paper:** https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.729.9814&rep=rep1&type=pdf |
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### Dataset Summary |
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The original Winograd Schema Challenge (WSC) consisted of 136 schemas resulting in 273 problems. This was later expanded to 150 schemas resulting in 285 problems. |
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A Winograd schema is a pair of sentences that differ in only one or two words and that contain an ambiguity that is |
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resolved in opposite ways in the two sentences and requires the use of world knowledge and reasoning for its |
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resolution. The schema takes its name from a well-known example by Terry Winograd: |
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> The city councilmen refused the demonstrators a permit because they [feared/advocated] violence. |
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If the word is "feared", then "they" presumably refers to the city council; if it is "advocated" then "they" |
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presumably refers to the demonstrators. |
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## Dataset Structure |
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### Data Instances |
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Each instance contains a text passage with a designated pronoun and two possible answers indicating which entity in |
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the passage the pronoun represents. An example instance looks like the following: |
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```python |
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{ |
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'label': 0, |
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'options': ['The city councilmen', 'The demonstrators'], |
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'pronoun': 'they', |
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'pronoun_loc': 63, |
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'quote': 'they feared violence', |
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'quote_loc': 63, |
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'source': '(Winograd 1972)', |
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'text': 'The city councilmen refused the demonstrators a permit because they feared violence.' |
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} |
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``` |
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### Data Fields |
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- `text` (str): The text sequence |
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- `options` (list[str]): The two entity options that the pronoun may be referring to |
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- `label` (int): The index of the correct option in the `options` field |
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- `pronoun` (str): The pronoun in the sequence to be resolved |
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- `pronoun_loc` (int): The starting position of the pronoun in the sequence |
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- `quote` (str): The substr with the key action or context surrounding the pronoun |
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- `quote_loc` (int): The starting position of the quote in the sequence |
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- `source` (str): A description of the source who contributed the example |
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### Licensing Information |
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This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International |
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License](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
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### Citation Information |
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The Winograd Schema Challenge including many of the examples here was proposed by |
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[Levesque et al 2012](https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.729.9814&rep=rep1&type=pdf): |
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``` |
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@inproceedings{levesque2012winograd, |
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title={The winograd schema challenge}, |
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author={Levesque, Hector and Davis, Ernest and Morgenstern, Leora}, |
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booktitle={Thirteenth International Conference on the Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning}, |
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year={2012}, |
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organization={Citeseer} |
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} |
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``` |
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### Contributions |
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Modified from loading script of: [@joeddav](https://github.com/joeddav). |
