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2hop__515948_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Johan Thom",
"paragraph_text": "Johan Thom (born 1976, South Africa), is a visual artist who works across video, installation, performance and sculpture. He has been described as one of South Africa’s foremost performance artists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Naureen Zaim",
"paragraph_text": "Naureen Marie Zaim (born February 19, 1978) is an American model, actress, artist, and boxer. She is of mixed Irish and Pakistani descent. Her acting career includes roles in \"Wedding Crashers\", and athletic performances in \"Perfect 10 Model Boxing\". In mid-2004, Zaim was scouted by a photographer for 'model boxing' company Perfect 10 Model - a boxing competition for women with 'admirable' breasts. Although known for modeling, boxing, and acting, Naureen also holds two degrees in Fine Art for painting and glass-blowing. Her athleticism also transcends boxing to include fast-pitch softball, tennis, and pool.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Palle Torsson",
"paragraph_text": "Palle Torsson (born 1970 in Stockholm, Sweden) is a contemporary artist working with videos, interactive works, live video games and performance. He received a MFA from Royal College University of Fine Arts Stockholm in 1998, where he also met up with artist colleague Tobias Bernstrup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Don't Leave (Snakehips and MØ song)",
"paragraph_text": "The official music video for the song was released through Snakehips YouTube account on 19 January 2017, and it was directed by Malia James. The music video also features sequences of MØ alongside Italian model Francesco Cuizza.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Read My Mind (The Killers song)",
"paragraph_text": "The video for ``Read My Mind ''was shot in Tokyo and directed by Diane Martel, shortly before the band embarked on their round of touring to New Zealand and Australia. In an interview, Brandon Flowers called the tune`` kind of our favorite song'' and promised the clip would find the band ``in Tokyo, on bikes. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Vertical Roll",
"paragraph_text": "Vertical Roll is a 1972 video art piece by American video and performance artist Joan Jonas. It is a sequel to Jonas' first video work \"Organic Honey's Visual Telepathy\". Jonas' interfacing with the material grammar of video was significant to the late 1960s and early 1970s experimentation with new video technology. Among others, Steina and Woody Vasulka, Nam June Paik and Peter Campus also contributed to the emergent material discourse of video art.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Norman Reedus",
"paragraph_text": "Norman Mark Reedus (born January 6, 1969) is an American actor and model, best known for his role as Daryl Dixon on the AMC horror drama series The Walking Dead, and as Murphy MacManus in The Boondock Saints. He has also acted in numerous films, appeared in and created several videos, provided video game voiceovers, and modeled for various fashion designers (most recognizably Prada in the 1990s).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Franko B",
"paragraph_text": "Franko B (born in Milan in 1960) is an Italian performance artist based in London, where he has lived since 1979. He studied fine art at Camberwell College of Arts (1986–7), Chelsea College of Art (1987–90) and the Byam Shaw School of Art (1990–91). His work was originally based on the bloody and ritualised violation of his own body. Later on he embraced a wide variety of media including video, photography, painting, installation, and sculpture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "So Fine (Sean Paul song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"So Fine\" is the first single from reggae artist Sean Paul's album, \"Imperial Blaze\". The track was premiered on 25 April 2009 on his official website. The official remix features Lomaticc & Sonny Brown in bhangra style.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Tubular Bells II Live",
"paragraph_text": "Tubular Bells II, The Performance Live at Edinburgh Castle is a live concert video by Mike Oldfield released in 1992.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Data compression",
"paragraph_text": "Because interframe compression copies data from one frame to another, if the original frame is simply cut out (or lost in transmission), the following frames cannot be reconstructed properly. Some video formats, such as DV, compress each frame independently using intraframe compression. Making 'cuts' in intraframe-compressed video is almost as easy as editing uncompressed video: one finds the beginning and ending of each frame, and simply copies bit-for-bit each frame that one wants to keep, and discards the frames one doesn't want. Another difference between intraframe and interframe compression is that, with intraframe systems, each frame uses a similar amount of data. In most interframe systems, certain frames (such as \"I frames\" in MPEG-2) aren't allowed to copy data from other frames, so they require much more data than other frames nearby.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Thomas Sterling (computing)",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Sterling is Professor of Computer Science at Indiana University, a Faculty Associate at California Institute of Technology, and a Distinguished Visiting Scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. He received his PhD as a Hertz Fellow from MIT in 1984. He is probably best known as the father of Beowulf clusters (developed in collaboration with Don Becker) and for his research on Petaflops computing architecture. Professor Sterling is the co-author of six books and holds six patents. He was awarded the Gordon Bell Prize with collaborators in 1997. Dr. Sterling is working on a computational model called ParalleX, an advanced message-driven split-transaction computing model for scalable low-power fault-tolerant operation. In addition, he is developing an ultra lightweight supervisor runtime kernel in support of MIND and other fine grain architectures (like CELL) and the Agincourt parallel programming language for high efficiency through intrinsics in support of latency hiding and low overhead synchronization for both conventional and innovative parallel computer architectures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Duncan Young",
"paragraph_text": "Duncan Young (born 4 June 1969) is an Australian actor. He completed his Bachelor of Fine Arts (English) at Sydney University before completing NIDA's Bachelor of Fine Arts (Acting). He now runs a leadership and communications company Duncan Young Consulting Pty Ltd working with actors and facilitators who perform case study simulations to help clients develop quality communication in the workplace.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Tobias Bernstrup",
"paragraph_text": "Tobias Bernstrup (born 1970 in Gothenburg, Sweden) is a contemporary artist working with videos, interactive works, live performances and electronic music. He received an MFA from Royal College University of Fine Arts Stockholm in 1998, where he also met up with artist colleague Palle Torsson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Timber (Pitbull song)",
"paragraph_text": "Kesha filmed her scenes on November 5, 2013 while Pitbull filmed his scenes one week later on November 12, 2013. The video also features a cameo by Italian model Raffaella Modugno and The Bloody Jug Band, an Orlando - based Americana Group, who perform on stage as the bar's house band. The beach scenes were filmed in Exuma islands, Bahamas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Center for the Performing Arts and Art Building at Miami University",
"paragraph_text": "The Center for the Performing Arts building was designed to house three major components of Fine Arts academics of Miami University: the Miami University Theater, the theater department, and the music department. Originally the programs were distributed between Fisher Hall and Hall Auditorium, and were moved to the Center for the Performing Arts after its construction.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mind Funk",
"paragraph_text": "Mind Funk (spelled Mindfunk on later releases) were an American rock band containing members of Chemical Waste and several other bands. The band was originally known as \"Mind Fuck\" but were forced by Epic Records to change their name. They signed to the Sony/Epic-label and released their self-titled debut album in 1991. Guitarist Jason Everman, known for stints on guitar and bass with Nirvana and Soundgarden, joined and later left in September 1994 to join the US Army 2nd Ranger Battalion and the Special Forces. Louis Svitek went on to later perform with Ministry and has since opened his new recording studio and label, Wu-Li Records. John Monte also later performed with Ministry.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the model in the video for She Doesn't Mind by the performer of So Fine?
|
[
{
"id": 515948,
"question": "So Fine >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__421479_84254
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wonders of a Godless World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Wonders of a Godless World\" was first published in Australia in October 2009 by Allen & Unwin in trade paperback format. It was released in the United Kingdom in May 2010 by Blue Door. \"Wonders of a Godless World\" won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman premiered in Shanghai on May 15, 2017, and was released in the United States on June 2, 2017, in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D. It received largely positive reviews from critics, being praised for the direction, performances, action sequences and musical score. The film set numerous box office records, including becoming the highest - grossing film directed by a woman, the biggest domestic opening for a film directed by a woman, the highest - grossing superhero origin film domestically, the largest opening for a female - led comic book film. It has grossed over $806 million worldwide, making it the sixth highest - grossing film of 2017. It also helped the DCEU to push past $3 billion at the worldwide box office, making it the seventeenth highest - grossing film franchise of all time. A sequel, Wonder Woman 2, is set to be released on December 13, 2019.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Chyna",
"paragraph_text": "Chyna first rose to prominence in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) in 1997, where she was billed as the \"Ninth Wonder of the World\" (André the Giant was already billed as the eighth). A founding member of the stable D-Generation X as the promotion's first female enforcer, she held the WWF Intercontinental Championship (the only female performer to do so) twice and the WWF Women's Championship once. She was also the first woman to participate in the Royal Rumble match and King of the Ring tournament, as well as to become number one contender to the WWF Championship. With singles victories over several prominent male wrestlers – including multiple-time world champions Triple H, Kurt Angle, Chris Jericho, and Jeff Jarrett – Chyna left what WWE called \"a lasting legacy as the most dominant female competitor of all time\". After leaving the WWF in 2001, Chyna wrestled sporadically, with New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) in 2002 and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in 2011. The latter was her final appearance in a wrestling ring.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jurassic Park",
"paragraph_text": "A fifth film, Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, was released in June 2018. A sixth film, tentatively titled Jurassic World 3, is scheduled to be released on June 11, 2021. As of 2000, the franchise had generated $5 billion in revenue, making it one of the highest - grossing media franchises of all time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman had its world premiere in Shanghai on May 15, 2017, and was released in the United States on June 2, 2017, in 2D, Real D 3D, and IMAX 3D by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film received largely positive reviews, with praise for its direction, acting, visuals, action sequences, and musical score, although the portrayal of its villains received some criticism. The film set numerous box office records; it is the 8th-highest-grossing superhero film domestically and 24th-highest-grossing film in the United States. It grossed over $821 million worldwide, making it the tenth highest-grossing film of 2017. It also helped the DCEU to push past $3 billion at the worldwide box office, making it the fourteenth-highest-grossing film franchise of all time. As of August 2018, Rotten Tomatoes has listed the movie as No. 3 on its list of the \"Best Superhero Movies of All Time\", and the American Film Institute selected it as one of the top 10 films of 2017. The film received three nominations at the 23rd Critics' Choice Awards, winning Best Action Movie. A sequel, Wonder Woman 1984, is scheduled to be released on June 5, 2020, with Jenkins returning as director and Gadot reprising her role.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Safar Hai Shart",
"paragraph_text": "Safar Hai Shart is a travelogue television show on-air on Express News. The show was hosted by Waqar Ahmed Malik and Mukkaram Kaleem. \"Safar Hai Shart\" was an exclusive travelogue produced by Waqar Ahmed Malik, completed on nothing but motorbikes. Two guys on bikes explored the wonders of the Karakoram Highway in Pakistan. The Karakoram Highway (KKH) is the highest paved international road in the world and often known as 9th wonder of the world. The travels started from Rawalpindi and end on Khunjerab Pass (elevation 4,693 metres or 15,397 feet), the highest paved international border crossing in the world and the highest point on the Karakoram Highway.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Wonderful World ''(occasionally referred to as`` (What A) Wonderful World'') is a song by American singer - songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960 by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen Records. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and ``Wonderful World, ''then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Wonders of China",
"paragraph_text": "Wonders of China was a Circle-Vision 360° film featured in the China Pavilion at Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort. The film showcased famous Chinese landmarks and the people, environment, and culture of China. Wonders of China was first shown on October 1, 1982 and closed on March 25, 2003. It was replaced by an updated film, \"Reflections of China\", which opened on May 23, 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Eli Bowen",
"paragraph_text": "Eli Bowen (October 14, 1844 – May 4, 1924) was an American sideshow performer known as \"The Legless Wonder\", or \"The Legless Acrobat\". He was also billed as \"The Handsomest Man in Showbiz\" and the \"Wonder of the Wide, Wide World\". His peak weight was , his height - .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Machu Picchu",
"paragraph_text": "Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide Internet poll.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Victoria Falls",
"paragraph_text": "Victoria Falls (Tokaleya Tonga: Mosi - oa - Tunya, ``The Smoke that Thunders '') is a waterfall in southern Africa on the Zambezi River at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. It has been described by CNN as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "We Have All the Time in the World",
"paragraph_text": "\"We Have All the Time in the World\" is a James Bond theme and popular song sung by Louis Armstrong. Its music was composed by John Barry and the lyrics by Hal David. It is a secondary musical theme in the 1969 Bond film \"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\", the title theme being the instrumental \"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\", also composed by Barry. The song title is taken from Bond's final words in both the novel and the film, spoken after his wife's death. Armstrong was too ill to play his trumpet. Barry chose Armstrong because he felt he could \"deliver the title line with irony\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "2013 Beach Volleyball World Championships",
"paragraph_text": "The 2013 FIVB Beach Volleyball Swatch World Championships was a beach volleyball double-gender event, held from 1 to 7 July 2013 in Stare Jabłonki, Poland. The FIVB Beach Volleyball World Championships are organized every two years, and Poland hosted the event for the first time. 48 teams per gender entered the competition making 96 total.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World",
"paragraph_text": "The Seven Wonders of the World or the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a list of remarkable constructions of classical antiquity given by various authors in guidebooks or poems popular among ancient Hellenic tourists. Although the list, in its current form, did not stabilise until the Renaissance, the first such lists of seven wonders date from the 1st - 2nd century BC. The original list inspired innumerable versions through the ages, often listing seven entries. Of the original Seven Wonders, only one -- the Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu, after the pharaoh who built it), the oldest of the ancient wonders -- remains relatively intact. The Colossus of Rhodes, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus were all destroyed. The location and ultimate fate of the Hanging Gardens are unknown, and there is speculation that they may not have existed at all.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "FIFA World Cup hosts",
"paragraph_text": "The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country geographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''Single by Louis Armstrong from the album What a Wonderful World B - side`` Cabaret'' Released October 18, 1967 Format 7 ''Recorded August 16, 1967 Genre Traditional pop jazz Length 2: 21 Label ABC 10982, HMV Songwriter (s) Bob Thiele (as George Douglas) George David Weiss Producer (s) Bob Thiele Louis Armstrong singles chronology ``Mi va de cantare'' (1967)`` What a Wonderful World ''(1967) ``Hello Brother'' (1968)`` Mi va de cantare ''(1967) ``What a Wonderful World'' (1967)`` Hello Brother ''(1968)",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman had its world premiere on May 25, in Los Angeles. The film's London premiere, which was scheduled to take place on May 31, 2017 at the Odeon Leicester Square, was cancelled due to the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing. The film had its Latin America premiere in Mexico City on May 27. It was released in most of the world, including in IMAX, on June 2, 2017, after originally being scheduled for June 23. Belgium, Singapore and South Korea received the film first, with May 31 openings. On April 17, it was announced that Wonder Woman would be released in China on June 2, the same day as its North American release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mausoleum at Halicarnassus",
"paragraph_text": "The Mausoleum was approximately 45 m (148 ft) in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors -- Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros and Timotheus. The finished structure of the mausoleum was considered to be such an aesthetic triumph that Antipater of Sidon identified it as one of his Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was destroyed by successive earthquakes from the 12th to the 15th century, the last surviving of the six destroyed wonders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Aerosmith World Tour 2007",
"paragraph_text": "Aerosmith World Tour 2007 (or The Tour Heard 'Round the World) was a concert tour by American hard rock band Aerosmith that saw the band performing outside North America or Japan for the first time in about eight years (since the Nine Lives Tour), and in some countries, the first time in 14 years (since the Get a Grip Tour). As part of the tour, the band also visited some countries for the first time ever, including India, the United Arab Emirates, Latvia, and Estonia.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the performer of We Have All the Time in the World make "What a Wonderful World'?
|
[
{
"id": 421479,
"question": "We Have All the Time in the World >> performer",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 84254,
"question": "when did #1 make what a wonderful world",
"answer": "August 16, 1967",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
August 16, 1967
|
[] | true |
2hop__25968_727337
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "In 1996, a surrogate character mechanism was implemented in Unicode 2.0, so that Unicode was no longer restricted to 16 bits. This increased the Unicode codespace to over a million code points, which allowed for the encoding of many historic scripts (e.g., Egyptian Hieroglyphs) and thousands of rarely used or obsolete characters that had not been anticipated as needing encoding. Among the characters not originally intended for Unicode are rarely used Kanji or Chinese characters, many of which are part of personal and place names, making them rarely used, but much more essential than envisioned in the original architecture of Unicode.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Nakhchivan State University",
"paragraph_text": "Nakhchivan State University (NSU, Azerbaijani: \"Naxçıvan Dövlət Universiteti\") is a public university located in Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan. Founded in 1967 as a part of the Azerbaijan Pedagogical Institute, in 1990 it became the Nakhchivan State University. It has 290 faculty members and currently enrolls 3500 students. In 2003, NSU, in conjunction with George Soros' Open Society Institute - Assistance Foundation opened an Education-Information Center on the NSU campus to develop areas involving education, information and law .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode was designed to provide code-point-by-code-point round-trip format conversion to and from any preexisting character encodings, so that text files in older character sets can be naïvely converted to Unicode, and then back and get back the same file. That has meant that inconsistent legacy architectures, such as combining diacritics and precomposed characters, both exist in Unicode, giving more than one method of representing some text. This is most pronounced in the three different encoding forms for Korean Hangul. Since version 3.0, any precomposed characters that can be represented by a combining sequence of already existing characters can no longer be added to the standard in order to preserve interoperability between software using different versions of Unicode.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "The Consortium first published The Unicode Standard (ISBN 0-321-18578-1) in 1991 and continues to develop standards based on that original work. The latest version of the standard, Unicode 8.0, was released in June 2015 and is available from the consortium's website. The last of the major versions (versions x.0) to be published in book form was Unicode 5.0 (ISBN 0-321-48091-0), but since Unicode 6.0 the full text of the standard is no longer being published in book form. In 2012, however, it was announced that only the core specification for Unicode version 6.1 would be made available as a 692-page print-on-demand paperback. Unlike the previous major version printings of the Standard, the print-on-demand core specification does not include any code charts or standard annexes, but the entire standard, including the core specification, will still remain freely available on the Unicode website.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. Developed in conjunction with the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) standard and published as The Unicode Standard, the latest version of Unicode contains a repertoire of more than 120,000 characters covering 129 modern and historic scripts, as well as multiple symbol sets. The standard consists of a set of code charts for visual reference, an encoding method and set of standard character encodings, a set of reference data files, and a number of related items, such as character properties, rules for normalization, decomposition, collation, rendering, and bidirectional display order (for the correct display of text containing both right-to-left scripts, such as Arabic and Hebrew, and left-to-right scripts). As of June 2015[update], the most recent version is Unicode 8.0. The standard is maintained by the Unicode Consortium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Hiranpur block",
"paragraph_text": "Hiranpur is a community development block that forms an administrative division of Pakur district, Jharkhand state, India. It is located 19 km from Pakur, the district headquarters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "APA – The Engineered Wood Association",
"paragraph_text": "APA – The Engineered Wood Association is a nonprofit trade association of the United States and Canadian engineered wood products industry. They represent engineered wood manufacturers and mandate things such as quality testing, product research, and market development. APA's corporate headquarters are in Tacoma, Washington. The headquarters campus includes an office building and a 42,000-square-foot Research Center. A regional quality testing laboratory is located in Atlanta, Georgia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Indic scripts such as Tamil and Devanagari are each allocated only 128 code points, matching the ISCII standard. The correct rendering of Unicode Indic text requires transforming the stored logical order characters into visual order and the forming of ligatures (aka conjuncts) out of components. Some local scholars argued in favor of assignments of Unicode code points to these ligatures, going against the practice for other writing systems, though Unicode contains some Arabic and other ligatures for backward compatibility purposes only. Encoding of any new ligatures in Unicode will not happen, in part because the set of ligatures is font-dependent, and Unicode is an encoding independent of font variations. The same kind of issue arose for Tibetan script[citation needed] (the Chinese National Standard organization failed to achieve a similar change).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode is developed in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization and shares the character repertoire with ISO/IEC 10646: the Universal Character Set. Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 function equivalently as character encodings, but The Unicode Standard contains much more information for implementers, covering—in depth—topics such as bitwise encoding, collation and rendering. The Unicode Standard enumerates a multitude of character properties, including those needed for supporting bidirectional text. The two standards do use slightly different terminology.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Duployan (Unicode block)",
"paragraph_text": "Duployan is a Unicode block containing characters for various Duployan shorthands, including French Duployéan, Chinook Writing, Romanian shorthand, and the English Sloan-Duployan, Pernin, and Perrault shorthands. It is the first block of shorthand characters included in the Unicode Standard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Coptic (Unicode block)",
"paragraph_text": "Coptic is a Unicode block used with the Greek and Coptic block to write the Coptic language. Prior to version 4.1 of the Unicode Standard, Greek and Coptic was used exclusively to write Coptic text, but Greek and Coptic letter forms are contrastive in many scholarly works, necessitating their disunification. Any specifically Coptic letters in the Greek and Coptic block are not reproduced in the Coptic Unicode block.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Thai alphabet support has been criticized for its ordering of Thai characters. The vowels เ, แ, โ, ใ, ไ that are written to the left of the preceding consonant are in visual order instead of phonetic order, unlike the Unicode representations of other Indic scripts. This complication is due to Unicode inheriting the Thai Industrial Standard 620, which worked in the same way, and was the way in which Thai had always been written on keyboards. This ordering problem complicates the Unicode collation process slightly, requiring table lookups to reorder Thai characters for collation. Even if Unicode had adopted encoding according to spoken order, it would still be problematic to collate words in dictionary order. E.g., the word แสดง [sa dɛːŋ] \"perform\" starts with a consonant cluster \"สด\" (with an inherent vowel for the consonant \"ส\"), the vowel แ-, in spoken order would come after the ด, but in a dictionary, the word is collated as it is written, with the vowel following the ส.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "ISO/TC 68",
"paragraph_text": "ISO/TC 68 is a technical committee formed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), of Geneva, Switzerland, tasked with developing and maintaining international standards covering the areas of banking, securities, and other financial services. As the standards organization under ISO responsible for the development of all international financial services standards, ISO/TC 68 plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies in the banking, brokerage and insurance industries. Many of its current work projects involve developing ecommerce standards such as better online security for financial transactions, XML standards for financial transactions and standards to reduce the cost and delays of international financial transactions. The membership of ISO/TC 68, consists of more than 30 organizations assigned by participating national standards bodies plus additional international standards development organizations that work collaboratively toward global financial services standards development.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Tibetan (Unicode block)",
"paragraph_text": "Tibetan is a Unicode block containing characters for the Tibetan, Dzongkha, and other languages of Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal, and northern India. The Tibetan Unicode block is unique for having been allocated as a standard virama-based encoding for version 1.0, removed from the Unicode Standard when unifying with ISO 10646 for version 1.1, then reintroduced as an explicit root/subjoined encoding, with a larger block size in version 2.0.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "UTF-8",
"paragraph_text": "UTF - 8 is a variable width character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid code points in Unicode using one to four 8 - bit bytes. The encoding is defined by the Unicode standard, and was originally designed by Ken Thompson and Rob Pike. The name is derived from Unicode (or Universal Coded Character Set) Transformation Format -- 8 - bit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Music of Star Wars",
"paragraph_text": "The music of the Star Wars franchise is composed and produced in conjunction with the development of the feature films, television series, and other merchandise within the epic space opera franchise created by George Lucas. The music for the primary feature films (which serves as the basis for the rest of the related media) was written by John Williams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter \"i\" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode \"replacement character\" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where is the headquarters of the organization with which Unicode was developed in conjunction?
|
[
{
"id": 25968,
"question": "Who was Unicode developed in conjunction with?",
"answer": "International Organization for Standardization",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 727337,
"question": "#1 >> headquarters location",
"answer": "Geneva",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Geneva
|
[] | true |
2hop__433302_80884
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "A political party is typically led by a party leader (the most powerful member and spokesperson representing the party), a party secretary (who maintains the daily work and records of party meetings), party treasurer (who is responsible for membership dues) and party chair (who forms strategies for recruiting and retaining party members, and also chairs party meetings). Most of the above positions are also members of the party executive, the leading organization which sets policy for the entire party at the national level. The structure is far more decentralized in the United States because of the separation of powers, federalism and the multiplicity of economic interests and religious sects. Even state parties are decentralized as county and other local committees are largely independent of state central committees. The national party leader in the U.S. will be the president, if the party holds that office, or a prominent member of Congress in opposition (although a big-state governor may aspire to that role). Officially, each party has a chairman for its national committee who is a prominent spokesman, organizer and fund-raiser, but without the status of prominent elected office holders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Flag of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "The colours of the modern flag are associated with the republican democracy first proposed in 1848, formed after World War I, and represent German unity and freedom. During the Weimar Republic, the black - red - gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist, and republican political parties, as seen in the name of Reichsbanner Schwarz - Rot - Gold, formed by members of the Social Democratic, the Centre, and the Democratic parties to defend the republic against extremists on the right and left.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Rotpartiet",
"paragraph_text": "Rotpartiet (a Swedish term which can be translated as \"Root Party\" or \"Grassroots Party\") is a local political party in the municipality of Åtvidaberg, Sweden. The party was formed ahead of the 1998 elections, by Åke Hjalmarsson. Hjalmarsson was then dissatisfied with the development of the Åtvidaberg Party. The party won 3 seats in the 1998 elections.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Poland Comes First",
"paragraph_text": "Poland Comes First (), also rendered as Poland is the Most Important, and abbreviated to PJN, was a centre-right, conservative liberal, political party in Poland. It was formed as a more moderate breakaway group from Law and Justice (PiS). By early 2011, the party had eighteen members of the Sejm, one member of the Senate, and three members of the European Parliament. Poland Comes First ceased to exist as a political party in December 2013, when it joined the new centre-right party led by Jarosław Gowin named Poland Together.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jean-Claude Sandrier",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Claude Sandrier (born 7 August 1945 in Gannat, Allier) is a French politician and former Mayor of Bourges. He is a member of the French Communist Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of the Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_text": "The Liberals are descended from the mid-19th century Reformers who agitated for responsible government throughout British North America. These included George Brown, Robert Baldwin, William Lyon Mackenzie and the Clear Grits in Upper Canada, Joseph Howe in Nova Scotia, and the Patriotes and Rouges in Lower Canada led by figures such as Louis - Joseph Papineau. The Clear Grits and Parti rouge sometimes functioned as a united bloc in the legislature of the Province of Canada beginning in 1854, and a united Liberal Party combining both English and French Canadian members was formed in 1861.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Asker",
"paragraph_text": "Asker is politically dominated by the conservatives, and the mayor is Lene Conradi who is a member of the Conservative Party of Norway \"(Høyre)\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Austria",
"paragraph_text": "After general elections held in October 2006, the Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) emerged as the strongest party, and the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) came in second, having lost about 8% of its previous polling. Political realities prohibited any of the two major parties from forming a coalition with smaller parties. In January 2007 the People's Party and SPÖ formed a grand coalition with the social democrat Alfred Gusenbauer as Chancellor. This coalition broke up in June 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jean-Claude Perez",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Claude Perez (born 31 March 1964 in Carcassonne) is a French politician, a member of the National Assembly. He represents the Aude department, and is a member of the Socialist Party and of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche parliamentary group. He is the mayor of Carcassonne.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Maharashtra",
"paragraph_text": "The politics of the state since its formation in 1960 have been dominated by the Indian National Congress party. Maharashtra became a bastion of the Congress party producing stalwarts such as Yashwantrao Chavan, Vasantdada Patil, Vasantrao Naik and Shankarrao Chavan. Sharad Pawar has been a towering personality in the state and National politics for over forty years. During his career, he has split the Congress twice with significant consequences for the state politics. The Congress party enjoyed a near unchallenged dominance of the political landscape until 1995 when the Shiv Sena and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured an overwhelming majority in the state to form a coalition government. After his second parting from the Congress party in 1999, Sharad Pawar formed the NCP but formed a coalition with the Congress to keep out the BJP-Shivsena combine out of the government for fifteen years until September 2014. Prithviraj Chavan of the Congress party was the last Chief Minister of Maharashtra under the Congress / NCP alliance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh",
"paragraph_text": "Gadakh Tukaram Gangadhar (born 1 November 1953) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Ahmednagar constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "First Party System",
"paragraph_text": "The First Party System is a model of American politics used in history and political science to periodize the political party system that existed in the United States between roughly 1792 and 1824. It featured two national parties competing for control of the presidency, Congress, and the states: the Federalist Party, created largely by Alexander Hamilton, and the rival Jeffersonian Democratic - Republican Party, formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, usually called at the time the ``Republican Party. ''The Federalists were dominant until 1800, while the Republicans were dominant after 1800.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Claude Duplain",
"paragraph_text": "He was elected as the Member of Parliament for Portneuf, as the candidate of the Liberal Party of Canada, during the 37th Parliament (which sat from January 2001 through May 2004). During that time he served as a member of the Standing Committee on Agriculture and Agri-Food and the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Margus Tsahkna",
"paragraph_text": "In 2000, he joined the \"Pro Patria\" party. From 2001 to 2004 he was chairman of \"Noor-Isamaa\", the party's youth organisation. From 2001 to 2003 he was a member of Tartu city council. From 2003 to 2006 he was the party's political secretary. After the affiliation of the \"Pro Patria\" and \"Res Publica\" parties, to form the \"Pro Patria ja Res Publica Liit\" party, he was secretary general from 2007 to 2010, and political secretary from 2010 to 2013. In 2013 he became assistant chairman. He has been a member of the Estonian parliament since 2007, the member of the parliaments finance committee and social committee. He has also acted as a chairman of the parliaments social committee from 2011-2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Claude Domeizel",
"paragraph_text": "Claude Domeizel (born 16 May 1940) is a French politician and a former member of the Senate of France. He represented the Alpes de Haute-Provence department as a member of the Socialist Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of senior fellow members of the parliamentary group to serve as critics of aspects of government policy. When a party becomes the largest party not part of the Government, the party's parliamentary group forms the Official Opposition, with Official Opposition frontbench team members often forming the Official Opposition Shadow cabinet. When a party achieves enough seats in an election to form a majority, the party's frontbench becomes the Cabinet of government ministers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ambroise Dupont",
"paragraph_text": "Ambroise Dupont (born 11 May 1937) is a French politician and a former member of the Senate of France. He represented the Calvados department as a member of UMP political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Leslie Claude Hunkin",
"paragraph_text": "Leslie Claude Hunkin (10 January 1884 – 8 September 1984) was an Australian politician who represented the South Australian House of Assembly multi-member seat of East Torrens from 1921 to 1927 for the Labor Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Neeta Pateriya",
"paragraph_text": "Neeta Pateriya (born 3 November 1962) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. She represents the Seoni constituency of Madhya Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the political party which has Claude Duplain as a member form?
|
[
{
"id": 433302,
"question": "Claude Duplain >> member of political party",
"answer": "Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 80884,
"question": "when was #1 formed",
"answer": "1861",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
1861
|
[] | true |
2hop__678812_84254
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World",
"paragraph_text": "The Seven Wonders of the World or the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a list of remarkable constructions of classical antiquity given by various authors in guidebooks or poems popular among ancient Hellenic tourists. Although the list, in its current form, did not stabilise until the Renaissance, the first such lists of seven wonders date from the 1st - 2nd century BC. The original list inspired innumerable versions through the ages, often listing seven entries. Of the original Seven Wonders, only one -- the Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu, after the pharaoh who built it), the oldest of the ancient wonders -- remains relatively intact. The Colossus of Rhodes, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus were all destroyed. The location and ultimate fate of the Hanging Gardens are unknown, and there is speculation that they may not have existed at all.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Doug Yule",
"paragraph_text": "Douglas Alan Yule (born February 25, 1947) is an American musician and singer, most notable for being a member of the Velvet Underground from 1968 to 1973.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pop Class",
"paragraph_text": "Sam (Concepcion) and Cheska (Ortega) are on their way to fulfilling their pop dreams as the most promising students in their Pop Class (a Pop Performance Workshop Class they have religiously attended every summer since they were kids). But when Cheska inexplicably drops out, Sam is devastated and falls into an uninspired artistic rut. Will his best friend Cheska's coming back—years after—take him out of his misery or make matters worse (since the school is about to close)? With a spirited production of cool dance sequences and new tween music, \"Pop Class\" will surely make you fall in love and prove that \"you can never just walk away from your dreams\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Becker, Florida",
"paragraph_text": "Becker is an unincorporated community in Nassau County, Florida, United States. It is located on U.S. Route 17, north of Yulee in the north-central area of the county.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Machu Picchu",
"paragraph_text": "Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide Internet poll.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Heaven Help Us All",
"paragraph_text": "``Heaven Help Us All ''is a 1970 soul single composed by Ron Miller and first performed by Motown singer Stevie Wonder. The song, which showcased a departure from Wonder's earlier works by displaying an earthier, gospel - infused sound, continued Wonder's string of Top 10 singles on the pop charts reaching # 9 on the Hot 100 singles chart and # 2 on the R&B, the latter causing it to be his first runner - up since`` Yester - Me, Yester - You, Yesterday''. It was one of four hits Wonder scored from his Signed, Sealed & Delivered album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman premiered in Shanghai on May 15, 2017, and was released in the United States on June 2, 2017, in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D. It received largely positive reviews from critics, being praised for the direction, performances, action sequences and musical score. The film set numerous box office records, including becoming the highest - grossing film directed by a woman, the biggest domestic opening for a film directed by a woman, the highest - grossing superhero origin film domestically, the largest opening for a female - led comic book film. It has grossed over $806 million worldwide, making it the sixth highest - grossing film of 2017. It also helped the DCEU to push past $3 billion at the worldwide box office, making it the seventeenth highest - grossing film franchise of all time. A sequel, Wonder Woman 2, is set to be released on December 13, 2019.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Wonder Woman (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2 - 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name. The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman / Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr. It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979. The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II. The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner. Waggoner's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr., the son of his original character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Eli Bowen",
"paragraph_text": "Eli Bowen (October 14, 1844 – May 4, 1924) was an American sideshow performer known as \"The Legless Wonder\", or \"The Legless Acrobat\". He was also billed as \"The Handsomest Man in Showbiz\" and the \"Wonder of the Wide, Wide World\". His peak weight was , his height - .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Cool Yule (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Cool Yule\" is a 1953 Christmas song written by Steve Allen and introduced by Louis Armstrong. It was covered by Roseanna Vitro in 1986 on her album \"\" (released 1999), by Bette Midler in 2006 for her album \"Cool Yule\", and by The Brian Setzer Orchestra on their 2005 album \"Dig That Crazy Christmas\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Combs High School",
"paragraph_text": "Combs High School is a high school in San Tan Valley, Arizona. It is the only high school in the J.O. Combs Unified School District, which also includes five elementary schools and one middle school. It has wonderful performing arts department, with and outstanding band and drama club. Combs is known for wrestling as well as their performing arts clubs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Wonderful World ''(occasionally referred to as`` (What A) Wonderful World'') is a song by American singer - songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960 by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen Records. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and ``Wonderful World, ''then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Wonders of a Godless World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Wonders of a Godless World\" was first published in Australia in October 2009 by Allen & Unwin in trade paperback format. It was released in the United Kingdom in May 2010 by Blue Door. \"Wonders of a Godless World\" won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Wonders of China",
"paragraph_text": "Wonders of China was a Circle-Vision 360° film featured in the China Pavilion at Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort. The film showcased famous Chinese landmarks and the people, environment, and culture of China. Wonders of China was first shown on October 1, 1982 and closed on March 25, 2003. It was replaced by an updated film, \"Reflections of China\", which opened on May 23, 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''Single by Louis Armstrong from the album What a Wonderful World B - side`` Cabaret'' Released October 18, 1967 Format 7 ''Recorded August 16, 1967 Genre Traditional pop jazz Length 2: 21 Label ABC 10982, HMV Songwriter (s) Bob Thiele (as George Douglas) George David Weiss Producer (s) Bob Thiele Louis Armstrong singles chronology ``Mi va de cantare'' (1967)`` What a Wonderful World ''(1967) ``Hello Brother'' (1968)`` Mi va de cantare ''(1967) ``What a Wonderful World'' (1967)`` Hello Brother ''(1968)",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Doonby",
"paragraph_text": "Sam Doonby (John Schneider) is a mysterious drifter who gets off a bus one afternoon in a small Texas town to change and improve the lives of all he comes in contact with. It is a story of greed and envy, played out against the backdrop of the classic country and blues music that is performed in Leroy’s Bar. The film has been described by the producers as \"Crazy Heart\"-meets-\"It's A Wonderful Life\", while Schneider described it as \"\"It's A Wonderful Life\" without the Wonderful.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Breakthrough",
"paragraph_text": "The Breakthrough is the seventh studio album by American R&B singer Mary J. Blige. It was released on December 20, 2005, by Geffen Records. Blige recorded the album with a host of songwriters and record producers, including 9th Wonder, Rodney Jerkins, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, Bryan-Michael Cox, J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League, Raphael Saadiq, Chucky Thompson, Cool & Dre, Ron Fair, and will.i.am.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Safar Hai Shart",
"paragraph_text": "Safar Hai Shart is a travelogue television show on-air on Express News. The show was hosted by Waqar Ahmed Malik and Mukkaram Kaleem. \"Safar Hai Shart\" was an exclusive travelogue produced by Waqar Ahmed Malik, completed on nothing but motorbikes. Two guys on bikes explored the wonders of the Karakoram Highway in Pakistan. The Karakoram Highway (KKH) is the highest paved international road in the world and often known as 9th wonder of the world. The travels started from Rawalpindi and end on Khunjerab Pass (elevation 4,693 metres or 15,397 feet), the highest paved international border crossing in the world and the highest point on the Karakoram Highway.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Real Cool World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Real Cool World\" is a song from the soundtrack of the film \"Cool World\", performed by David Bowie. Released on 10 August 1992, it represented his first new solo material since Tin Machine dissolved.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Teddy Ruxpin",
"paragraph_text": "From his debut in September 1985 various toy makers have produced Teddy Ruxpin over the years. The first was Worlds Of Wonder from 1985 until its bankruptcy in 1988. The toy's rights were then sold to Hasbro, and produced again from 1991 to 1996. Another version debuted in 1998 by YES! Entertainment with another version in 2006, produced by BackPack Toys. Presently Teddy Ruxpin is available from Wicked Cool Toys.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the performer of Cool Yule make What a Wonderful World?
|
[
{
"id": 678812,
"question": "Cool Yule >> performer",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 84254,
"question": "when did #1 make what a wonderful world",
"answer": "August 16, 1967",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
August 16, 1967
|
[] | true |
2hop__437995_10038
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sun Tzu",
"paragraph_text": "Sun Tzu (/ ˈsuːnˈdzuː /; also rendered as Sun Zi; Chinese: 孫子) was a Chinese general, military strategist, writer, and philosopher who lived in the Eastern Zhou period of ancient China. Sun Tzu is traditionally credited as the author of The Art of War, a widely influential work of military strategy that has affected both Western and East Asian philosophy and military thinking. Aside from his legacy as the author of The Art of War, Sun Tzu is revered in Chinese and East Asian culture as a legendary historical and military figure. His birth name was Sun Wu, and he was known outside of his family by his courtesy name Changqing. The name Sun Tzu by which he is best known in the Western World is an honorific which means ``Master Sun ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Maurice Hope",
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Hope (born 6 December 1951 in St. John's, Antigua) is a former boxer from England, who was world Jr. Middleweight champion. Hope lived in Hackney most of his life, but now lives in his place of birth, Antigua. He represented Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Juttaporn Krasaeyan",
"paragraph_text": "Juttaporn Krasaeyan (; born 13 February 1971) is a Thai shot putter. She previously competed for China, where she was born, under the name Wu Xianchun.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wu-Chronicles, Chapter 2",
"paragraph_text": "Wu-Chronicles, Chapter 2 is a compilation album by Wu-Tang Clan, which features tracks produced and/or performed by Wu-Tang Clan solo artists and affiliates.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Chang Wu-yeh",
"paragraph_text": "Chang Wu-yeh (, born December 19, 1978 in Taichung County (now part of Taichung City)) is a Taiwanese football manager and former player. He currently manages Taipei Physical Education College's football team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Li Chongfu",
"paragraph_text": "In 701, Li Chongfu's brother Li Chongzhao (who had, by this point, changed his name to Li Chongrun to observe naming taboo of Wu Zetian's name), along with their sister Li Xianhui the Lady Yongtai and Li Xianhui's husband Wu Yanji (武延基) the Prince of Wei (Wu Zetian's grandnephew), were put to death for criticizing Wu Zetian's lovers Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong. Whether Li Chongfu was responsible for leaking their criticism to the Zhangs and therefore leading to Li Chongrun's death is not known. Li Chongrun's mother Crown Princess Wei, after she later became empress again, would later accuse Li Chongfu of leaking the information, although there appears to be no particular evidence Li Chongfu did so, and in the \"Zizhi Tongjian\", it was asserted that her accusation against Li Chongfu was false.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Lex Diamond Story",
"paragraph_text": "The Lex Diamond Story is the third studio album by American hip hop recording artist and Wu-Tang Clan-member Raekwon, released December 16, 2003 on his Ice H2O label through Universal Records. The album features contributions from Wu-Tang members Ghostface Killah, Method Man, Masta Killa, Inspectah Deck, and Cappadonna, with production by several hip hop producers, including Emile and DJ Khalil.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Wu Man",
"paragraph_text": "Wu Man (; born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang) is a Chinese pipa player and composer. Trained in Pudong-style pipa performance at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing, she is known for playing in a broad range of musical styles and introducing the pipa and its Chinese heritage into Western genres. She has performed and recorded extensively with Kronos Quartet and Silk Road Ensemble, and has premiered works by Philip Glass, Lou Harrison, Terry Riley, Bright Sheng, Tan Dun, Zhao Jiping, and Zhou Long, among many others. She has recorded and appeared on over 40 albums, five of which have been nominated for Grammy Awards. In 2013, she was named Instrumentalist of the Year by \"Musical America\", becoming the first performer of a non-Western instrument to receive this award. She also received The United States Artist' Award in 2008.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "The province's name derives from the Zhe River (浙江, Zhè Jiāng), the former name of the Qiantang River which flows past Hangzhou and whose mouth forms Hangzhou Bay. It is usually understood as meaning \"Crooked\" or \"Bent River\", from the meaning of Chinese 折, but is more likely a phono-semantic compound formed from adding 氵 (the \"water\" radical used for river names) to phonetic 折 (pinyin zhé but reconstructed Old Chinese *tet), preserving a proto-Wu name of the local Yue, similar to Yuhang, Kuaiji, and Jiang.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "All graphic, format, and private use characters have a unique and immutable name by which they may be identified. This immutability has been guaranteed since Unicode version 2.0 by the Name Stability policy. In cases where the name is seriously defective and misleading, or has a serious typographical error, a formal alias may be defined, and applications are encouraged to use the formal alias in place of the official character name. For example, U+A015 ꀕ YI SYLLABLE WU has the formal alias yi syllable iteration mark, and U+FE18 ︘ PRESENTATION FORM FOR VERTICAL RIGHT WHITE LENTICULAR BRAKCET (sic) has the formal alias presentation form for vertical right white lenticular bracket.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Constance Wu",
"paragraph_text": "Constance Tianming Wu (born March 22, 1982) is a Taiwanese - American actress. She began her career in the theater, before her breakthrough role as Jessica Huang in the ABC comedy series Fresh Off the Boat. In 2017, Wu was named one of TIME magazine's 100 People Who Help Shape the World.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fred Adams",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Adams is the Ta-You Wu Collegiate Professor of Physics at the University of Michigan, where his main field of research is astrophysics theory focusing on star formation, planet formation, and dynamics. His seminal work on the radiative signature of star formation has provided a foundation for further studies in star formation. In more recent years, he has studied the formation and evolution of planetary systems, including the effect of the stellar birth cluster environment.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Lady Sun",
"paragraph_text": "Lady Sun was the only daughter of Sun Jian and Lady Wu. She had four brothers who were also born to Lady Wu – Sun Ce, Sun Quan, Sun Yi and Sun Kuang. Her personal name was not recorded in history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Beware of Pickpockets",
"paragraph_text": "Beware of Pickpockets is a 1981 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Wu Ma and starring Dean Shek, Karl Maka and Wu.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "The province's name derives from the Zhe River (浙江, Zhè Jiāng), the former name of the Qiantang River which flows past Hangzhou and whose mouth forms Hangzhou Bay. It is usually glossed as meaning \"Crooked\" or \"Bent River\", from the meaning of Chinese 折, but is more likely a phono-semantic compound formed from adding 氵 (the \"water\" radical used for river names) to phonetic 折 (pinyin zhé but reconstructed Old Chinese *tet), preserving a proto-Wu name of the local Yue, similar to Yuhang, Kuaiji, and Jiang.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Foppe van Aitzema",
"paragraph_text": "Foppe van Aitzema (ca. 1580 Dokkum—October 1637, Vienna), a son of Schelte van Aitzema, a man of noble birth, was council to the Duke of Brunswick when he became resident to the state of the United Netherlands in Hamburg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Wu Quanyou",
"paragraph_text": "Wu Quanyou (1834–1902), or Wu Ch'uan-yu, was an influential teacher of t'ai chi ch'uan in late Imperial China. His son is credited as the founder of the Wu-style t'ai chi ch'uan. As he was of Manchu descent, and would have been named by his family in Manchu, the name \"Wú\" (吳) was a sinicisation that approximated the pronunciation of the first syllable of his Manchu clan name, \"U Hala\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "A Moment of Romance",
"paragraph_text": "A Moment of Romance () is a 1990 Hong Kong action romance film directed by Benny Chan, produced by Johnnie To, and starring Andy Lau, Jacklyn Wu and Ng Man-tat. For his performance in the film, Ng was awarded Best Supporting Actor at the 10th Hong Kong Film Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Song of Solomon (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Song of Solomon is a 1977 novel by American author Toni Morrison. It follows the life of Macon ``Milkman ''Dead III, an African - American man living in Michigan, from birth to adulthood.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the former name of Wu Man's place of birth?
|
[
{
"id": 437995,
"question": "Wu Man >> place of birth",
"answer": "Hangzhou",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 10038,
"question": "What was the former name of #1 ?",
"answer": "Qiantang",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
Qiantang
|
[] | true |
2hop__154227_727337
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "ISO 965",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 965 (ISO general purpose metric screw thread—tolerances) is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for metric screw thread tolerances. It specifies the basic profile for ISO general purpose metric screw threads (M) conforming to ISO 261.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:FJ",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:FJ is the entry for Fiji in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:BB",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:BB is the entry for Barbados in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CW",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CW is the entry for Curaçao in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:AT",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AT is the entry for Austria in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "International Organization for Standardization",
"paragraph_text": "The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard - setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:ES",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:ES is the entry for Spain in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "ISO 22000",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 22000 is a standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization dealing with food safety. It is a general derivative of ISO 9000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CG",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CG is the entry for the Republic of the Congo (called simply \"Congo\" in the standard) in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "ISO 7001",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 7001 (\"public information symbols\") is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization that defines a set of pictograms and symbols for public information. The latest version, ISO 7001:2007, was published in November 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "ISO 26000",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 26000 \"Guidance on social responsibility\" is launched from ISO, the International Organization for Standardization. Is an International Standard providing guidelines for social responsibility (SR) named ISO 26000 or simply \"ISO SR\". It was released on 1 November 2010. Its goal is to contribute to global sustainable development, by encouraging business and other organizations to practice social responsibility to improve their impacts on their workers, their natural environments and their communities.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "ISO 4031",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 4031 is an international standard first issued in 1978 by the International Organization for Standardization. It defined the representation of local time differentials, commonly referred to as time zones. It has since been superseded by a newer standard, ISO 8601. This newer standard sets out the current formats for local time differentials and so ISO 4031 is no longer in use.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "ISO 3307",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3307 is an international standard for date and time representations issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard was issued in 1975, then was superseded by ISO 8601 in 1988.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "ISO/TC 68",
"paragraph_text": "ISO/TC 68 is a technical committee formed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), of Geneva, Switzerland, tasked with developing and maintaining international standards covering the areas of banking, securities, and other financial services. As the standards organization under ISO responsible for the development of all international financial services standards, ISO/TC 68 plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies in the banking, brokerage and insurance industries. Many of its current work projects involve developing ecommerce standards such as better online security for financial transactions, XML standards for financial transactions and standards to reduce the cost and delays of international financial transactions. The membership of ISO/TC 68, consists of more than 30 organizations assigned by participating national standards bodies plus additional international standards development organizations that work collaboratively toward global financial services standards development.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:FI",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:FI is the entry for Finland in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g. provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CA",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CA is the entry for Canada in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode is developed in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization and shares the character repertoire with ISO/IEC 10646: the Universal Character Set. Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 function equivalently as character encodings, but The Unicode Standard contains much more information for implementers, covering—in depth—topics such as bitwise encoding, collation and rendering. The Unicode Standard enumerates a multitude of character properties, including those needed for supporting bidirectional text. The two standards do use slightly different terminology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:GB",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:GB is the entry for the United Kingdom in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. The codes and structures used are provided to the ISO by British Standards and the Office for National Statistics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:AO",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AO is the entry for Angola in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:IT",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:IT is the entry for Italy in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where are the headquarters of the agency that sets the standards for ISO 26000?
|
[
{
"id": 154227,
"question": "Who set the standards for ISO 26000?",
"answer": "International Organization for Standardization",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 727337,
"question": "#1 >> headquarters location",
"answer": "Geneva",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Geneva
|
[] | true |
2hop__226367_135045
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "1993 World Figure Skating Championships",
"paragraph_text": "The 1993 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Prague, Czech Republic on March. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "1992 World Figure Skating Championships",
"paragraph_text": "The 1992 World Figure Skating Championships were held in Oakland, California, USA on late March. Medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Rapper sword",
"paragraph_text": "Rapper sword (also known as short sword dance) is a variation of sword dance that emerged from the pit villages of Tyneside in North East England, where miners first performed the tradition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows",
"paragraph_text": "LI Main article: Super Bowl LI halftime show Date: Feb 5, 2017 Location: NRG Stadium (Houston, Texas) Performer: Lady Gaga Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi Zero Sugar References: Setlist: ``God Bless America ''/`` This Land Is Your Land'' ``Poker Face ''`` Born This Way'' ``Telephone ''`` Just Dance'' ``Million Reasons ''`` Bad Romance''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Princess Dowager Liu",
"paragraph_text": "Lady Liu gave birth to Zhang Tianxi in 346. That year, Zhang Jun died. Nothing is known about her life between that year and 363, when Zhang Tianxi seized the throne from his nephew Zhang Xuanjing (Duke Jingdao) and honored her as princess dowager. (The exact title he honored her with is disputed historically; \"Zizhi Tongjian\" gave it as \"Taifei\" (太妃, translate as princess dowager), while \"Shiliuguo Chunqiu\" gave it as \"Taihou\" (太后, translate as queen dowager or empress dowager).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Can't Go Back (Fleetwood Mac song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Go Back\" is a song by British-American rock group Fleetwood Mac. It was written and performed by guitarist Lindsey Buckingham for the 1982 album \"Mirage\", the fourth issued by the band with Buckingham as main producer. An instrumental demo of \"Can't Go Back\" appears on the 2016 deluxe edition of \"Mirage\" under the working title \"Suma's Walk\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Folk arts of Karnataka",
"paragraph_text": "The ritual dances of Karnataka are known as Kunitha. One such dance is the Dollu Kunitha, a popular dance form accompanied by singing and the beats of decorated drums. This dance is primarily performed by men from the shepherd or Kuruba caste. The Dollu Kunitha is characterized by vigorous drum beats, quick movements and synchronized group formations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Suicide: Alan Vega and Martin Rev",
"paragraph_text": "Suicide: Alan Vega and Martin Rev is the second studio album by the American band Suicide. The album was produced by Ric Ocasek of The Cars for Ze Records in 1980. Recorded in January 1980, Ocasek gave keyboardist Martin Rev new equipment to perform on while Alan Vega distanced himself from the album musically to concentrate on the vocals. Michael Zilkha of Ze pushed to give the album a more dance music oriented sound, hoping that disco musician Giorgio Moroder would produce the album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Can't Stop (After 7 song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Stop\" is a song performed by After 7, issued as the fourth single from the group's eponymous debut album. It is the group's highest charting single, peaking at #6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 1990. The song also became the group's second #1 R&B single, as well as peaking at #25 on the dance charts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Breakadawn",
"paragraph_text": "\"Breakadawn\" is a 1993 single by hip hop group De La Soul, released from their third album \"Buhloone Mindstate\". The song samples \"Quiet Storm\" by Smokey Robinson. The song also samples the intro to Michael Jackson's \"I Can't Help It\" (from his \"Off the Wall\" album). Additionally the song samples \"Sang and Dance\" by The Bar-Kays.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Beyoncé",
"paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Dance into the Light (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Dance into the Light\" is a song performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the first single from the album \"Dance into the Light\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "My Bare Lady",
"paragraph_text": "My Bare Lady is a 2006 United Kingdom-based reality TV show that aired on the Fox Reality Channel. The series followed four American female pornographic stars as they took acting lessons and performed in scenes from classic drama alongside British actors in London's West End. The show was hosted by British actor/director Christopher Biggins and the girls were trained by Biggins and various other British theatre professionals, including Louie Spence of Pineapple Dance Studios fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Figure skating",
"paragraph_text": "Figure skating is a sport in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized skating, Theater on Ice, and four skating. From novice through senior - level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals, and other elements or moves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sophie Ellis-Bextor",
"paragraph_text": "Ellis-Bextor was born in London to Janet Ellis, who was later a presenter on BBC's children's television programmes \"Blue Peter\" and \"Jigsaw\", and Robin Bextor, a film producer and director: they separated when she was four. As a child, Ellis-Bextor occasionally appeared on \"Blue Peter\" alongside her mother, who presented the programme.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Lady (Hear Me Tonight)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Lady (Hear Me Tonight)\" is the debut single by French house duo Modjo, written and performed by vocalist Yann Destagnol and producer Romain Tranchart. It was released in June 25, 2000 as the lead single from the duo's self-titled debut studio album. It became a major worldwide success, topping at least 10 music charts, including those of Ireland, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It also topped the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart in January 2001.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows",
"paragraph_text": "Date: Feb 5, 2017 Location: NRG Stadium (Houston, Texas) Performer: Lady Gaga Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi Zero Sugar References: Setlist: ``God Bless America ''/`` This Land Is Your Land'' ``Poker Face ''`` Born This Way'' ``Telephone ''`` Just Dance'' ``Million Reasons ''`` Bad Romance''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "If I Can't Dance",
"paragraph_text": "\"If I Can't Dance\" is a song by British recording artist Sophie Ellis-Bextor for her third studio album, \"Trip the Light Fantastic\" (2007). It was written by Ellis-Bextor and Dimitri Tikovoi, while production was handled by Tikovi, with additional production by Brio Taliaferro and Jeremy Wheatley. It is a dance-pop, electropop and disco song and a reference to the famous misquotation of Emma Goldman, \"If I can't dance, I don't want to be part of your revolution\", which nevertheless summarizes what she did say.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Dance in Cambodia",
"paragraph_text": "Cambodia's premier performing art form is the Khmer classical dance, or Robam Preah Reach Trop, a highly stylized dance form originating from the royal courts. Performances of classical dance consist of elaborately costumed dancers and music played by a pinpeat ensemble. It is performed for invocation of deities and spirits as well as to pay homage to royalty and guests. In the mid-20th century, it was introduced to the general public and became widely celebrated as iconic of Cambodian culture, often being performed during public events, holidays, and for tourists visiting Cambodia. Two of the most performed classical dance are the Robam Chuon Por (``Wishing dance '') and the Robam Tep Apsara (`` Apsara dance'').",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "That Lady (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``That Lady ''is a 1973 R&B and soul song by The Isley Brothers, released on their T - Neck imprint. The song was originally performed by the group nearly a decade before in 1964 (released as`` Who's That Lady?'') inspired by The Impressions. After signing with Epic Records in 1973, the eldest members of the group (O'Kelly Isley, Jr., Rudolph Isley and Ronald Isley) had included younger members, guitarist Ernie Isley, bassist Marvin Isley and keyboardist / pianist Chris Jasper, as official members. In a response to this transformation, the group gave themselves the moniker of 3 + 3, describing the three original vocalists in the group and three recruited instrumentalists, inspiring the album title that came out that year. They performed the song on Soul Train on December 14, 1974.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which lady gave birth to the performer of If I Can't Dance?
|
[
{
"id": 226367,
"question": "If I Can't Dance >> performer",
"answer": "Sophie Ellis-Bextor",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 135045,
"question": "Which lady gave birth to #1 ?",
"answer": "Janet Ellis",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Janet Ellis
|
[] | true |
2hop__141460_749335
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Höffner (furniture retailer)",
"paragraph_text": "Höffner is a furniture retailer in Germany. A company of that name was founded in 1874 by Rudolf Höffner, and became Berlin's biggest furniture retailer before World War II. Based in the eastern part of Berlin, the company was discontinued after the war. In 1967 Kurt Krieger bought the right to the name \"Höffner\" and created a new company under that name. This company was initially based in Berlin-Wedding, but the headquarters moved to Schönefeld, Brandenburg after Germany's reunification.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Tanzania",
"paragraph_text": "The U.S. Senate passed a reform bill in May 2010, following the House which passed a bill in December 2009. These bills must now be reconciled. The New York Times provided a comparative summary of the features of the two bills, which address to varying extent the principles enumerated by the Obama administration. For instance, the Volcker Rule against proprietary trading is not part of the legislation, though in the Senate bill regulators have the discretion but not the obligation to prohibit these trades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "Soon, Laemmle and other disgruntled nickelodeon owners decided to avoid paying Edison by producing their own pictures. In June 1909, Laemmle started the Yankee Film Company with partners Abe Stern and Julius Stern. That company quickly evolved into the Independent Moving Pictures Company (IMP), with studios in Fort Lee, New Jersey, where many early films in America's first motion picture industry were produced in the early 20th century. Laemmle broke with Edison's custom of refusing to give billing and screen credits to performers. By naming the movie stars, he attracted many of the leading players of the time, contributing to the creation of the star system. In 1910, he promoted Florence Lawrence, formerly known as \"The Biograph Girl\", and actor King Baggot, in what may be the first instance of a studio using stars in its marketing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Portsmouth Water",
"paragraph_text": "Portsmouth Water is the utility company responsible for water supply and distribution in the City of Portsmouth, part of East Hampshire and part of West Sussex. Places served include Gosport, Fareham, Portsmouth, Havant, Chichester and Bognor Regis. The company is a private limited company with company number 2536455.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Curiosity killed the cat",
"paragraph_text": "The original form of the proverb, now little used, was ``Care killed the cat ''. In this instance,`` care'' was defined as ``worry ''or`` sorrow.''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Infinite monkey theorem",
"paragraph_text": "In this context, ``almost surely ''is a mathematical term with a precise meaning, and the`` monkey'' is not an actual monkey, but a metaphor for an abstract device that produces an endless random sequence of letters and symbols. One of the earliest instances of the use of the ``monkey metaphor ''is that of French mathematician Émile Borel in 1913, but the first instance may have been even earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Carl Hession",
"paragraph_text": "For several years he was part of the highly-successful Rhythm of the Dance team with the National Dance Company of Ireland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "East India Company",
"paragraph_text": "The aggressive policies of Lord Wellesley and the Marquis of Hastings led to the Company gaining control of all India (except for the Punjab and Sindh), and some part of the then kingdom of Nepal under the Sugauli Treaty. The Indian Princes had become vassals of the Company. But the expense of wars leading to the total control of India strained the Company's finances. The Company was forced to petition Parliament for assistance. This was the background to the Charter Act of 1813 which, among other things:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "AIM+",
"paragraph_text": "Some special features include conversation logging, ad removal, cloning (which allows more than one instance of AOL Instant Messenger simultaneously), hotkeys, and transparency.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "TensorFlow",
"paragraph_text": "Starting in 2011, Google Brain built DistBelief as a proprietary machine learning system based on deep learning neural networks. Its use grew rapidly across diverse Alphabet companies in both research and commercial applications. Google assigned multiple computer scientists, including Jeff Dean, to simplify and refactor the codebase of DistBelief into a faster, more robust application-grade library, which became TensorFlow. In 2009, the team, led by Geoffrey Hinton, had implemented generalized backpropagation and other improvements which allowed generation of neural networks with substantially higher accuracy, for instance a 25% reduction in errors in speech recognition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Silver Spike",
"paragraph_text": "The Silver Spike is a spin-off novel from Glen Cook's The Black Company. The story combines elements of epic fantasy and dark fantasy as it follows two former members of The Black Company and the formerly renowned \"White Rose\" down their own path after parting ways with the company following the events at the conclusion of \"The White Rose\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Boitsfort railway station",
"paragraph_text": "Boitsfort railway station () is a railway station located in the municipality of Watermael-Boitsfort in Brussels, Belgium and operated by the SNCB/NMBS. It is on the line 161 connecting Brussels and Namur, between the stations of Watermael and Groenendaal. The Boitsfort railway station can be accessed via the Chaussée de La Hulpe/Terhulpsesteenweg next to the Sonian Forest and the Boitsfort Hippodrome. Many companies have offices nearby the station, for instance Emakina, Asahi Glass Co. and SAP AG.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Clement O. Miniger",
"paragraph_text": "Clement O. Miniger (November 11, 1874 – April 23, 1944) was an American industrialist and philanthropist. He founded the 'Electric Auto-Lite Company' (now part of Honeywell) in 1911, acting as the company's president until 1934 and its chairman of the board from 1934 to 1944.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Motorola 88000",
"paragraph_text": "The 88000 (m88k for short) is a RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Motorola during the 1980s. The 88000 arrived on the market in 1988, some two years after the competing SPARC and MIPS. Due to the late start and extensive delays releasing the second-generation MC88110, the m88k achieved very limited success outside of the MVME platform and embedded controller environments. When Motorola joined the AIM alliance in 1991 to develop the PowerPC, further development of the 88000 ended.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Netopia",
"paragraph_text": "Netopia was a company headquartered in Emeryville, California that produced a variety of broadband products including modems, routers, gateways, and Wi-Fi devices. The company also produced the NBBS (Netopia Broadband Server Software), as well as the Timbuktu remote administration software. The company was founded in 1986 as Farallon Computing and changed its name to Netopia in 1998. Farallon Computing originated PhoneNet, which was an implementation of LocalTalk over plain telephone wiring. Netopia was acquired by Motorola in the first quarter of 2007.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Joanne Daniels",
"paragraph_text": "Joanne Daniels is an American voice actress. She is best known as the voice of telephone company time and temperature announcements for the Weatherchron company of Atlanta, Georgia (a competitor of Audichron), used in various parts of the United States including Los Angeles, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Nu Image",
"paragraph_text": "Nu Image is an American film company started by Avi Lerner, Trevor Short, Danny Dimbort and Danny Lerner in 1992. The company has made to date mostly action films. Many of their films are often filmed in South Africa and Bulgaria, among other parts of the world. In 1996, the company launched a subsidiary label called Millennium Films.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Škoda Auto",
"paragraph_text": "Of course, that the Škoda became such a figure of fun was in part due to its ubiquity on Britain's roads. The company must have been doing something right.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Computational complexity theory",
"paragraph_text": "To further highlight the difference between a problem and an instance, consider the following instance of the decision version of the traveling salesman problem: Is there a route of at most 2000 kilometres passing through all of Germany's 15 largest cities? The quantitative answer to this particular problem instance is of little use for solving other instances of the problem, such as asking for a round trip through all sites in Milan whose total length is at most 10 km. For this reason, complexity theory addresses computational problems and not particular problem instances.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Treaty",
"paragraph_text": "Bilateral treaties are concluded between two states or entities. It is possible, however, for a bilateral treaty to have more than two parties; consider for instance the bilateral treaties between Switzerland and the European Union (EU) following the Swiss rejection of the European Economic Area agreement. Each of these treaties has seventeen parties. These however are still bilateral, not multilateral, treaties. The parties are divided into two groups, the Swiss (\"on the one part\") and the EU and its member states (\"on the other part\"). The treaty establishes rights and obligations between the Swiss and the EU and the member states severally—it does not establish any rights and obligations amongst the EU and its member states.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the 88000, made by the company that Netopia is part of, an instance of?
|
[
{
"id": 141460,
"question": "What company is Netopia part of?",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 749335,
"question": "#1 88000 >> instance of",
"answer": "ISA",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
ISA
|
[
"instruction set architecture",
"Isa"
] | true |
2hop__375699_10038
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Zhu De",
"paragraph_text": "Zhu De (Chu Teh; Chinese: 朱德; pinyin: Zhū Dé; pronounced (ʈʂú tɤ̌); 1 December 1886 -- 6 July 1976) was a Chinese general, warlord, politician, revolutionary and one of the pioneers of the Communist Party of China. Born poor in 1886 in Sichuan, he was adopted by a wealthy uncle at age nine; this prosperity provided him a superior early education that led to his admission into a military academy. After his time at the academy, he joined a rebel army and soon became a warlord. It was after this period that he adopted communism. He ascended through the ranks of the Chinese Red Army as it closed in on securing the nation. By the time China was under Mao's control, Zhu was a high - ranking official within the Communist Party of China. He served as Commander - in - Chief of the Eighth Route Army during the Second Sino - Japanese War. In 1955 he became one of the Ten Marshals of the People's Liberation Army, of which he is regarded as the principal founder. Zhu remained a prominent political figure until his death in 1976. As the chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress from 1975 - 76, Zhu was the head of state of the People's Republic of China.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sonia Karlov",
"paragraph_text": "Sonia Karlov (born 1908, date of death unknown) was an American dancer, stage, and motion picture actress from Syracuse, New York. Her birth name was Alma Jeanne Williams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sam Pek Eng Tay",
"paragraph_text": "Sam Pek Eng Tay () is a 1931 film directed and produced by The Teng Chun and released in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). It is based on the Chinese legend \"The Butterfly Lovers\", which follows the doomed love between a rich girl and a commoner boy. The film was a commercial success, inspiring The Teng Chun to direct several further films based on Chinese mythology. The name derives from the given names of the legend's two main characters, Liang Shanbo (Nio Sam Pek) () and Zhu Yingtai (Giok Eng Tay) ().",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Maurice Hope",
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Hope (born 6 December 1951 in St. John's, Antigua) is a former boxer from England, who was world Jr. Middleweight champion. Hope lived in Hackney most of his life, but now lives in his place of birth, Antigua. He represented Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Zhu Qinan",
"paragraph_text": "Zhu Qinan (; born November 15, 1984 in Wenzhou, Zhejiang) is a male Chinese sport shooter. He won the gold medal at the 2004 Athens Olympics in the Men's 10 m Air Rifle event and a silver medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in the Men's 10 m Air Rifle event. Zhu currently is studying at Zhejiang University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Alan Halsall",
"paragraph_text": "Halsall is married to former Coronation Street and Wild at Heart actress, Lucy - Jo Hudson. They met on set and began dating in 2005. They married on 13 June 2009 in Cheshire. On 18 February 2013, via Twitter, the couple announced they were expecting their first child, a baby girl. On 8 September 2013, Hudson gave birth to their daughter, 9 days after her due date, named Sienna - Rae. The couple announced they were splitting in March 2016, and they got back together after several weeks apart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Zhu Yufu",
"paragraph_text": "Zhu Yufu (), born 13 February 1953 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, is a political dissident. In 1998, he was one of the founders of the unrecognized Democracy Party of China (DPC). He also founded the \"Opposition Party\" magazine, carrying articles about the DPC. He is currently under arrest for publishing a poem that directed people to participate in the 2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jan van der Elburcht",
"paragraph_text": "Jan van der Elburcht (1500 – 1571) was an early Dutch painter. His name is derived from Elburg, his town of birth.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "List of Arrow characters",
"paragraph_text": "Moira Queen (portrayed by Susanna Thompson; Seasons 1 - 2) is the mother of Oliver and Thea, the former acting CEO of Queen Consolidated, mayoral candidate and wife of Robert Queen and later Walter Steele. She also had a brief affair with Malcolm Merlyn after his wife's death, which resulted in Thea's birth. She is based on the minor DC Comics character of the same name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Qing dynasty",
"paragraph_text": "In 1725 Yongzheng bestowed the hereditary title of Marquis on a descendant of the Ming dynasty Imperial family, Zhu Zhiliang, who received a salary from the Qing government and whose duty was to perform rituals at the Ming tombs, and was also inducted the Chinese Plain White Banner in the Eight Banners. Later the Qianlong Emperor bestowed the title Marquis of Extended Grace posthumously on Zhu Zhuliang in 1750, and the title passed on through twelve generations of Ming descendants until the end of the Qing dynasty.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jagdish Kashyap",
"paragraph_text": "Bhikkhu Jagdish Kashyap was born on 2 May 1908 in Ranchi, Bihar, India; he died 28 January 1976. His birth name was Jagdish Narain, and the name Kashyap was given to him at his bhikkhu ordination in 1933.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Charpentier Pyramid",
"paragraph_text": "Charpentier Pyramid () is a pyramid-shaped peak rising to in the northwest part of the Herbert Mountains, Shackleton Range. In association with the names of glacial geologists grouped in this area, it was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1971 after Jean de Charpentier, a Swiss engineer and mineralogist who in 1835 gave additional proof on the former extension of glaciers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Enterproid",
"paragraph_text": "Enterproid was founded in 2010 by former Morgan Stanley mobile security and IT executives. The founding team includes CEO Andrew Toy, COO Alexander Trewby and CTO David Zhu. The company, which debuted Divide at the Demo Spring 2011 conference, established a headquarters in New York with offices in London and Hong Kong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Zhu Xiaolin",
"paragraph_text": "She won at the Yangzhou Half Marathon in April 2007. Zhu finished fourth at the 2007 World Championships marathon. In the following year she achieved the same result, finishing fourth in the 2008 Olympics Marathon. In 2009 Zhu Xiaolin took part in the 2009 World Championships Marathon, resulting in a fifth place in 2:26:08 this time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Ming dynasty",
"paragraph_text": "With the Yuan dynasty crumbling, competing rebel groups began fighting for control of the country and thus the right to establish a new dynasty. In 1363, Zhu Yuanzhang eliminated his archrival and leader of the rebel Han faction, Chen Youliang, in the Battle of Lake Poyang, arguably the largest naval battle in history. Known for its ambitious use of fire ships, Zhu's force of 200,000 Ming sailors were able to defeat a Han rebel force over triple their size, claimed to be 650,000 - strong. The victory destroyed the last opposing rebel faction, leaving Zhu Yuanzhang in uncontested control of the bountiful Yangtze River Valley and cementing his power in the south. After the dynastic head of the Red Turbans suspiciously died in 1367 while a guest of Zhu, there was no one left who was remotely capable of contesting his march to the throne, and he made his imperial ambitions known by sending an army toward the Yuan capital Dadu (present - day Beijing) in 1368. The last Yuan emperor fled north to the upper capital Shangdu, and Zhu declared the founding of the Ming dynasty after razing the Yuan palaces in Dadu to the ground; the city was renamed Beiping in the same year. Zhu Yuanzhang took Hongwu, or ``Vastly Martial '', as his era name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Tannenbusch",
"paragraph_text": "Tannenbusch is a section of Bonn, Germany with approx. 17,000 inhabitants. It is split between the subsections Alt-Tannenbusch and Neu-Tannenbusch. The roads in Tannenbusch are almost exclusively named after places in the former GDR and former eastern territories of Germany (e.g. Schlesienstrasse, Oppelner road, west Prussia route). Around 1949 – 1960 there was a US military camp in Tannenbusch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Theodore Mann",
"paragraph_text": "Theodore Mann, birth name Goldman, (May 13, 1924 – February 24, 2012) was an American theatre producer and director and the Artistic Director of the Circle in the Square Theatre School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Zhu Shiyu",
"paragraph_text": "Zhu Shiyu (Chinese: 朱世玉; pinyin: \"Zhū Shìyù\"; born 16 April 1991) is a Chinese footballer who currently plays for Shenyang Urban in the China League Two.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Lucky Whitehead",
"paragraph_text": "Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What did Zhu Yufu's birthplace used to be called?
|
[
{
"id": 375699,
"question": "Zhu Yufu >> place of birth",
"answer": "Hangzhou",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 10038,
"question": "What was the former name of #1 ?",
"answer": "Qiantang",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Qiantang
|
[] | true |
2hop__386620_80884
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Flag of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "The colours of the modern flag are associated with the republican democracy first proposed in 1848, formed after World War I, and represent German unity and freedom. During the Weimar Republic, the black - red - gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist, and republican political parties, as seen in the name of Reichsbanner Schwarz - Rot - Gold, formed by members of the Social Democratic, the Centre, and the Democratic parties to defend the republic against extremists on the right and left.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Alfred Evans (politician)",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Thomas \"Fred\" Evans (24 February 1914 – 13 April 1987) was a British Labour Party politician. Evans was Member of Parliament for Caerphilly from a 1968 by-election until 1979, when he retired..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Alfred Apps",
"paragraph_text": "William Alfred Apps (born 1957) is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and prominent activist in both the Liberal Party of Canada and the Ontario Liberal Party. Apps is associated with a number of philanthropic and charitable causes and is currently based in Toronto.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Poland Comes First",
"paragraph_text": "Poland Comes First (), also rendered as Poland is the Most Important, and abbreviated to PJN, was a centre-right, conservative liberal, political party in Poland. It was formed as a more moderate breakaway group from Law and Justice (PiS). By early 2011, the party had eighteen members of the Sejm, one member of the Senate, and three members of the European Parliament. Poland Comes First ceased to exist as a political party in December 2013, when it joined the new centre-right party led by Jarosław Gowin named Poland Together.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh",
"paragraph_text": "Gadakh Tukaram Gangadhar (born 1 November 1953) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Ahmednagar constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Alfred Kubel",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Kubel (25 May 1909 in Braunschweig – 22 May 1999 in Bad Pyrmont) was a German politician; in his later career, he was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of the Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_text": "The Liberals are descended from the mid-19th century Reformers who agitated for responsible government throughout British North America. These included George Brown, Robert Baldwin, William Lyon Mackenzie and the Clear Grits in Upper Canada, Joseph Howe in Nova Scotia, and the Patriotes and Rouges in Lower Canada led by figures such as Louis - Joseph Papineau. The Clear Grits and Parti rouge sometimes functioned as a united bloc in the legislature of the Province of Canada beginning in 1854, and a united Liberal Party combining both English and French Canadian members was formed in 1861.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Alfred Grünberg",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Grünberg (18 February 1902 in Magdeburg – 21 May 1942 in Berlin) was a worker, a member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and a resistance fighter against the Nazi régime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Alfred Buntru",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Buntru (15 January 1887 – 23 January 1974) was a German academic and member of the Nazi Party. Born in Sankt Blasien in the Waldshut district of the Grand Duchy of Baden, he was educated at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Buntru later became a professor of hydraulic engineering and a deputy \"Reichsdozentenführer\" (English: \"Reich lecturer leader\"). He joined the Nazi Party in 1937 and the \"Schutzstaffel\" (SS) in 1938, attaining the SS rank of \"Oberführer\". As part of his SS membership, he was involved in the \"Spitzeldienste\", the network of political informants set up by the Nazi Party's intelligence organization, the \"Sicherheitsdienst\" (SD). Buntru survived the Second World War, and died in Aachen in 1974 at the age of 87.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Alfred Carroll",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Henry Carroll (March 2, 1846 — June 9, 1924) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1903 to 1914, as a member of the Conservative Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Rotpartiet",
"paragraph_text": "Rotpartiet (a Swedish term which can be translated as \"Root Party\" or \"Grassroots Party\") is a local political party in the municipality of Åtvidaberg, Sweden. The party was formed ahead of the 1998 elections, by Åke Hjalmarsson. Hjalmarsson was then dissatisfied with the development of the Åtvidaberg Party. The party won 3 seats in the 1998 elections.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "First Party System",
"paragraph_text": "The First Party System is a model of American politics used in history and political science to periodize the political party system that existed in the United States between roughly 1792 and 1824. It featured two national parties competing for control of the presidency, Congress, and the states: the Federalist Party, created largely by Alexander Hamilton, and the rival Jeffersonian Democratic - Republican Party, formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, usually called at the time the ``Republican Party. ''The Federalists were dominant until 1800, while the Republicans were dominant after 1800.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Neeta Pateriya",
"paragraph_text": "Neeta Pateriya (born 3 November 1962) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. She represents the Seoni constituency of Madhya Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of senior fellow members of the parliamentary group to serve as critics of aspects of government policy. When a party becomes the largest party not part of the Government, the party's parliamentary group forms the Official Opposition, with Official Opposition frontbench team members often forming the Official Opposition Shadow cabinet. When a party achieves enough seats in an election to form a majority, the party's frontbench becomes the Cabinet of government ministers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Alfred Wunderlich",
"paragraph_text": "Alfred Wunderlich (29 December 1901 in Dresden – 21 May 1963) was a German politician of the National Democratic Party of Germany (East Germany). He was a member of the Nazi Party from 1933 to 1936.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Margus Tsahkna",
"paragraph_text": "In 2000, he joined the \"Pro Patria\" party. From 2001 to 2004 he was chairman of \"Noor-Isamaa\", the party's youth organisation. From 2001 to 2003 he was a member of Tartu city council. From 2003 to 2006 he was the party's political secretary. After the affiliation of the \"Pro Patria\" and \"Res Publica\" parties, to form the \"Pro Patria ja Res Publica Liit\" party, he was secretary general from 2007 to 2010, and political secretary from 2010 to 2013. In 2013 he became assistant chairman. He has been a member of the Estonian parliament since 2007, the member of the parliaments finance committee and social committee. He has also acted as a chairman of the parliaments social committee from 2011-2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "A political party is typically led by a party leader (the most powerful member and spokesperson representing the party), a party secretary (who maintains the daily work and records of party meetings), party treasurer (who is responsible for membership dues) and party chair (who forms strategies for recruiting and retaining party members, and also chairs party meetings). Most of the above positions are also members of the party executive, the leading organization which sets policy for the entire party at the national level. The structure is far more decentralized in the United States because of the separation of powers, federalism and the multiplicity of economic interests and religious sects. Even state parties are decentralized as county and other local committees are largely independent of state central committees. The national party leader in the U.S. will be the president, if the party holds that office, or a prominent member of Congress in opposition (although a big-state governor may aspire to that role). Officially, each party has a chairman for its national committee who is a prominent spokesman, organizer and fund-raiser, but without the status of prominent elected office holders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan",
"paragraph_text": "Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan is a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Panchmahal constituency of Gujarat and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Austria",
"paragraph_text": "After general elections held in October 2006, the Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) emerged as the strongest party, and the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) came in second, having lost about 8% of its previous polling. Political realities prohibited any of the two major parties from forming a coalition with smaller parties. In January 2007 the People's Party and SPÖ formed a grand coalition with the social democrat Alfred Gusenbauer as Chancellor. This coalition broke up in June 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What year saw the formation of the political party that Alfred Apps belongs to?
|
[
{
"id": 386620,
"question": "Alfred Apps >> member of political party",
"answer": "Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 80884,
"question": "when was #1 formed",
"answer": "1861",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
1861
|
[] | true |
2hop__64650_20556
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Song of the South",
"paragraph_text": "The film is set on a plantation in the southern United States, specifically in the state of Georgia, some distance from Atlanta. Although sometimes misinterpreted as taking place before the U.S. Civil War while slavery was still legal in the region, the film takes place during the Reconstruction Era after slavery was abolished. Harris' original Uncle Remus stories were all set after the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery. Harris himself, born in 1848, was a racial reconciliation activist writer and journalist of the Reconstruction Era. The film makes several indirect references to the Reconstruction Era: clothing is in the newer late - Victorian style; Uncle Remus is free to leave the plantation at will; black field hands are sharecroppers, etc.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Aftermath of World War I",
"paragraph_text": "Ireland: Irish Free State (approximately five - sixths of the island) gained independence from the United Kingdom (but still part of the British Empire)",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Slave Trade Act 1807",
"paragraph_text": "The Slave Trade Act 1807, officially An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom prohibiting the slave trade in the British Empire. Although it did not abolish the practice of slavery, it did encourage British action to press other nations states to abolish their own slave trades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Civil War",
"paragraph_text": "The American Civil War (commonly known as the Civil War in the United States) was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The result of a long - standing controversy over slavery, war broke out in April 1861, when Confederates attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, shortly after President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The nationalists of the Union proclaimed loyalty to the U.S. Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States of America, who advocated for states' rights to travel with slave attendants in the Americas or abolished tariffs on cotton and imports.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Near East",
"paragraph_text": "If the British Empire was now going to side with the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire had no choice but to cultivate a relationship with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was supported by the German Empire. In a few years these alignments became the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance (already formed in 1882), which were in part a cause of World War I. By its end in 1918 three empires were gone, a fourth was about to fall to revolution, and two more, the British and French, were forced to yield in revolutions started under the aegis of their own ideologies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Slavery in international law",
"paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "BL 6-inch Mk VII naval gun",
"paragraph_text": "The BL 6-inch gun Mark VII (and the related Mk VIII) was a British naval gun dating from 1899, which was mounted on a heavy traveling carriage in 1915 for British Army service to become one of the main heavy field guns in the First World War, and also served as one of the main coast defence guns throughout the British Empire until the 1950s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 August 1834 (with the exception of St. Helena, Ceylon and the territories administered by the East India Company, though these exclusions were later repealed). Under the Act, slaves were granted full emancipation after a period of 4 to 6 years of \"apprenticeship\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "History of slavery in Florida",
"paragraph_text": "Slavery in Florida began under Spanish rule and continued under American and later Confederate rule. It was theoretically abolished by President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, but this had little effect in Florida. Slavery continued until the end of the Civil War and collapse of the Confederacy in the spring of 1865, followed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865. Some of the characteristics of slavery -- inability to leave a disagreeable situation -- continued under sharecropping, convict leasing, vagrancy laws. In the 20th and 21st centuries, conditions approximating slavery are found among marginal immigrant populations, especially migrant farm workers and involuntary sex workers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Slave states and free states",
"paragraph_text": "West Virginia became the 35th state on June 20, 1863, and the last slave state admitted to the Union. Eighteen months later, the West Virginia legislature completely abolished slavery, and also ratified the 13th Amendment on February 3, 1865.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Ottoman Empire during World War I",
"paragraph_text": "The Ottoman Empire participated in World War I as one of the Central Powers. The Ottoman Empire entered the war by carrying out a surprise attack on Russia's Black Sea coast on 29 October 1914, with Russia responding by declaring war on it on November 5th, 1914. Ottoman forces fought the Entente in the Balkans and the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. The Ottoman Empire's defeat in the war in 1918 was crucial in the eventual dissolution of the empire in 1921.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "FM broadcasting",
"paragraph_text": "Throughout the world, the FM broadcast band falls within the VHF part of the radio spectrum. Usually 87.5 to 108.0 MHz is used, or some portion thereof, with few exceptions:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "164th (North Lancashire) Brigade",
"paragraph_text": "The 164th (North Lancashire) Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service in World War I and remained in the United Kingdom throughout World War II, now as the 164th Infantry Brigade. Throughout both wars the brigade was part of the 55th (West Lancashire) Division.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The brief peace in Europe allowed Napoleon to focus on the French colonies abroad. Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801. Napoleon saw his chance to recuperate the formerly wealthy colony when he signed the Treaty of Amiens. During the Revolution, the National Convention voted to abolish slavery in February 1794. Under the terms of Amiens, however, Napoleon agreed to appease British demands by not abolishing slavery in any colonies where the 1794 decree had never been implemented. The resulting Law of 20 May never applied to colonies like Guadeloupe or Guyane, even though rogue generals and other officials used the pretext of peace as an opportunity to reinstate slavery in some of these places. The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. Napoleon sent an expedition under General Leclerc designed to reassert control over Sainte-Domingue. Although the French managed to capture Toussaint Louverture, the expedition failed when high rates of disease crippled the French army. In May 1803, the last 8000 French troops left the island and the slaves proclaimed an independent republic that they called Haïti in 1804. Seeing the failure of his colonial efforts, Napoleon decided in 1803 to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States, instantly doubling the size of the U.S. The selling price in the Louisiana Purchase was less than three cents per acre, a total of $15 million.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Fall of Giants",
"paragraph_text": "Fall of Giants is a historical novel published in 2010 by Welsh-born author Ken Follett. It is the first part of the Century Trilogy which follows five interrelated families throughout the course of the 20th century. The first book covers notable events such as World War I, the Russian Revolution, and the struggle for women's suffrage. The sequel \"Winter of the World\" covers World War II and was published on September 18, 2012. The third book, \"Edge of Eternity\", covers the Cold War and was published in 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. It was one of the largest empires in world history. At its height under Trajan, it covered 5 million square kilometres. It held sway over an estimated 70 million people, at that time 21% of the world's entire population. The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language, culture, religion, inventions, architecture, philosophy, law and forms of government on the empire's descendants. Throughout the European medieval period, attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire, including the Empire of Romania, a Crusader state; and the Holy Roman Empire. By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance, and their descendant states, Greco - Roman and Judaeo - Christian culture was exported on a worldwide scale, playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Slavery in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery except as punishment for a crime, was passed by the Senate in April 1864, and by the House of Representatives in January 1865. The amendment did not take effect until it was ratified by three fourths of the states, which occurred on December 6, 1865, when Georgia ratified it. On that date, all remaining slaves became officially free.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"paragraph_text": "Though the amendment formally abolished slavery throughout the United States, factors such as Black Codes, white supremacist violence, and selective enforcement of statutes continued to subject some black Americans to involuntary labor, particularly in the South. In contrast to the other Reconstruction Amendments, the Thirteenth Amendment was rarely cited in later case law, but has been used to strike down peonage and some race - based discrimination as ``badges and incidents of slavery ''. The Thirteenth Amendment applies to the actions of private citizens, while the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments apply only to state actors. The amendment also enables Congress to pass laws against sex trafficking and other modern forms of slavery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Ottoman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The history of the Ottoman Empire during World War I began with the Ottoman engagement in the Middle Eastern theatre. There were several important Ottoman victories in the early years of the war, such as the Battle of Gallipoli and the Siege of Kut. The Arab Revolt which began in 1916 turned the tide against the Ottomans on the Middle Eastern front, where they initially seemed to have the upper hand during the first two years of the war. The Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October 1918, and set the partition of the Ottoman Empire under the terms of the Treaty of Sèvres. This treaty, as designed in the conference of London, allowed the Sultan to retain his position and title. The occupation of Constantinople and İzmir led to the establishment of a Turkish national movement, which won the Turkish War of Independence (1919–22) under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (later given the surname \"Atatürk\"). The sultanate was abolished on 1 November 1922, and the last sultan, Mehmed VI (reigned 1918–22), left the country on 17 November 1922. The caliphate was abolished on 3 March 1924.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Black people",
"paragraph_text": "Because of the acceptance of miscegenation, Brazil has avoided the binary polarization of society into black and white. In addition, it abolished slavery without a civil war. The bitter and sometimes violent racial tensions that have divided the US are notably absent in Brazil. According to the 2010 census, 6.7% of Brazilians said they were black, compared with 6.2% in 2000, and 43.1% said they were racially mixed, up from 38.5%. In 2010, Elio Ferreira de Araujo, Brazil's minister for racial equality, attributed the increases to growing pride among his country's black and indigenous communities.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What had abolished slavery throughout the empire that did not fall after World War I?
|
[
{
"id": 64650,
"question": "this empire did not fall after world war i",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 20556,
"question": "What abolished slavery throughout #1 ?",
"answer": "The Slavery Abolition Act",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
The Slavery Abolition Act
|
[] | true |
2hop__42152_32505
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Red",
"paragraph_text": "Red was also featured in Chinese Imperial architecture. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, gates of palaces were usually painted red, and nobles often painted their entire mansion red. One of the most famous works of Chinese literature, A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin (1715–1763), was about the lives of noble women who passed their lives out of public sight within the walls of such mansions. In later dynasties red was reserved for the walls of temples and imperial residences. When the Manchu rulers of the Qing Dynasty conquered the Ming and took over the Forbidden City and Imperial Palace in Beijing, all the walls, gates, beams and pillars were painted in red and gold.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was \"the most effective strategic weapon\", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, \"We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe\". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his \"empire\" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Handover of Hong Kong",
"paragraph_text": "The transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to China, referred to as ``the Handover ''or`` the Return'' internationally, took place on 1 July 1997. The landmark event marked the end of British administration in Hong Kong, and is often regarded as marking the end of the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire \"during the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description\". British imperialism often used the concept of Terra nullius (Latin expression which stems from Roman law meaning 'empty land'). The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century, as it was premised on terra nullius, and its settlers considered it unused by its sparse Aboriginal inhabitants.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "OLIG2",
"paragraph_text": "OLIG2 is also associated with Down syndrome, as it locates at chromosome 21 within or near the Down syndrome critical region on the long arm. This region is believed to contribute to the cognitive defects of Down syndrome. The substantial increase in the number of forebrain inhibitory neurons often observed in Ts65dn mouse (a murine model of trisomy 21) could lead to imbalance between excitation and inhibition and behavioral abnormalities. However, genetic reduction of OLIG2 and OLIG1 from three copies to two rescued the overproduction of interneurons, indicating the pivotal role of OLIG2 expression level in Down syndrome. The association between OLIG2 and neural diseases (i.e. schizophrenia and Alzheimer’s disease) are under scrutiny, as several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these diseases in OLIG2 were identified by genome-wide association work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "Although it had equipment capable of doing serious damage, the problem for the Luftwaffe was its unclear strategy and poor intelligence. OKL had not been informed that Britain was to be considered a potential opponent until early 1938. It had no time to gather reliable intelligence on Britain's industries. Moreover, OKL could not settle on an appropriate strategy. German planners had to decide whether the Luftwaffe should deliver the weight of its attacks against a specific segment of British industry such as aircraft factories, or against a system of interrelated industries such as Britain's import and distribution network, or even in a blow aimed at breaking the morale of the British population. The Luftwaffe's strategy became increasingly aimless over the winter of 1940–1941. Disputes among the OKL staff revolved more around tactics than strategy. This method condemned the offensive over Britain to failure before it began.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists. Much of the debate was pioneered by such theorists as J. A. Hobson (1858–1940), Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950), Thorstein Veblen (1857–1929), and Norman Angell (1872–1967). While these non-Marxist writers were at their most prolific before World War I, they remained active in the interwar years. Their combined work informed the study of imperialism and it's impact on Europe, as well as contributed to reflections on the rise of the military-political complex in the United States from the 1950s. Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Helen Rodd",
"paragraph_text": "Helen Rodd is a Canadian zoologist and Associate professor at the University of Toronto. Dr. Rodd's work focuses on reproductive strategies among livebearing fish, as part of an effort to understand mate selection among animals. Her work on mate preference in the guppy fish species (\"Poecilia reticulata\") attracted media attention in numerous nature magazines and the United States public broadcasting service, as well as academic notice, based upon her research finding that female guppies in Trinidad may choose males for orange coloration similar to a favored food, the fruit of a local tree. In 2001, Professor Rodd was awarded a \"Premier's Research Excellence Award\" by the Ontario government for her work in guppy mate selection.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "John E. Jeuck",
"paragraph_text": "John E. Jeuck (October 17, 1916 - December 18, 2009) was an American professor of business and dean (1952-1955) of the University of Chicago Booth School of Business. He was best known for his work on business history and corporate strategy, especially his profile of Sears in his 1950 book \"Catalogues and Counters: A History of Sears, Roebuck and Company\" with Boris Emmet. The book received the national award of the American Marketing Association in 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "George Yip",
"paragraph_text": "George Yip (born 24 September 1947) is a research specialist in global strategy and marketing and Professor of Management and Co-Director, Centre on China Innovation, at China Europe International Business School, based in both London and Shanghai. He is also a Marketing and Strategy Professor at Imperial College Business School. His book, \"Total Global Strategy: Managing for Worldwide Competitive Advantage\" (Prentice Hall, 1992; 1995) was selected as one of the 30 best business books of 1992 by Soundview Executive Book Summaries. His latest book is \"Managing Global Customers: An Integrated Approach\", with Audrey Bink, Oxford University Press, September 2007. His next book is \"Strategic Transformation: Changing While Winning\", with Manuel Hensmans and Gerry Johnson, Palgrave Macmillan, January 2013. He serves on the editorial advisory board of MIT Sloan Management Review and other journals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Juan Zurita",
"paragraph_text": "Juan Zurita (2 May 1917 – 24 March 2000) was a Mexican boxer in the Lightweight division and a 1944 National Boxing Association Lightweight world champion. Zurita was a southpaw or left handed boxer, who often fought with his right foot forward, though at times he could lead with his right as well. American newspapers distinguished him as the first native-born Mexican to win a world boxing title.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Metrication in the United Kingdom",
"paragraph_text": "Metrication in the United Kingdom, the process of introducing the metric system of measurement in place of imperial units, has made steady progress since the mid -- 20th century but today remains equivocal and varies by context. Most of government, industry and commerce use metric units, but imperial units are officially used to specify journey distances, vehicle speeds and the sizes of returnable milk containers, beer and cider glasses (though fresh milk is often still sold in multiples of pints, with the metric equivalent also marked). Imperial units are also often used to describe body measurements and vehicle fuel economy. In schools metric units are taught and used as the norm and imperial units that remain in common usage in the UK must also be taught.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Giuseppe Penone",
"paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Penone (born 3 April 1947, Garessio, Italy) is an Italian artist and sculptor, known for his large-scale sculptures of trees that are interested in the link between man and the natural world. His early work is often associated with the Arte povera movement. In 2014, Penone was awarded the prestigious Praemium Imperiale award. He currently lives and works in Turin, Italy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Age of Enlightenment",
"paragraph_text": "Along with secular matters, readers also favoured an alphabetical ordering scheme over cumbersome works arranged along thematic lines. The historian Charles Porset, commenting on alphabetization, has said that \"as the zero degree of taxonomy, alphabetical order authorizes all reading strategies; in this respect it could be considered an emblem of the Enlightenment.\" For Porset, the avoidance of thematic and hierarchical systems thus allows free interpretation of the works and becomes an example of egalitarianism. Encyclopedias and dictionaries also became more popular during the Age of Reason as the number of educated consumers who could afford such texts began to multiply. In the later half of the 18th century, the number of dictionaries and encyclopedias published by decade increased from 63 between 1760 and 1769 to approximately 148 in the decade proceeding the French Revolution (1780–1789). Along with growth in numbers, dictionaries and encyclopedias also grew in length, often having multiple print runs that sometimes included in supplemented editions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Susan Nolen-Hoeksema",
"paragraph_text": "Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (May 22, 1959 – January 2, 2013) was an American professor of psychology at Yale University. Her research explored how mood regulation strategies could correlate to a person's vulnerability to depression, with special focus on a construct she called rumination as well as gender differences.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "George Cann",
"paragraph_text": "Cann was born at Shankhouse, Cramlington, Northumberland, England, educated at Cramlington National School and became a coalminer at eleven. He married Catherine Roberts in 1890 and they had one daughter and one son. They migrated to New South Wales in 1900 and Cann worked as a miner near Lithgow and became involved in the Western Miners' Association. He served in the 30th Battalion of the first Australian Imperial Force from March 1916 until January 1918.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Handover of Hong Kong",
"paragraph_text": "The transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to China, referred to as ``the Handover ''internationally or`` the Return'' in China, took place on 1 July 1997. The landmark event marked the end of British administration in Hong Kong, and is often regarded as marking the end of the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Pint glass",
"paragraph_text": "A pint glass is a form of drinkware made to hold either a British (``imperial '') pint of 20 imperial fluid ounces (568 ml) or an American pint of 16 US fluid ounces (473 ml). These glasses are typically used to serve beer, and also often for cider.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War",
"paragraph_text": "William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy, which could control the seas and bring as many invasion troops as were needed. He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies, working under the command of British regulars, to invade new France. In order to tie the French army down he subsidized his European allies. Pitt Head of the government from 1756 to 1761, and even after that the British continued his strategy. It proved completely successful. Pitt had a clear appreciation of the enormous value of imperial possessions, and realized how vulnerable was the French Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "In anglophone academic works, theories regarding imperialism are often based on the British experience. The term \"Imperialism\" was originally introduced into English in its present sense in the late 1870s by opponents of the allegedly aggressive and ostentatious imperial policies of British prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli. It was shortly appropriated by supporters of \"imperialism\" such as Joseph Chamberlain. For some, imperialism designated a policy of idealism and philanthropy; others alleged that it was characterized by political self-interest, and a growing number associated it with capitalist greed. Liberal John A. Hobson and Marxist Vladimir Lenin added a more theoretical macroeconomic connotation to the term. Lenin in particular exerted substantial influence over later Marxist conceptions of imperialism with his work Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism. In his writings Lenin portrayed Imperialism as a natural extension of capitalism that arose from need for capitalist economies to constantly expand investment, material resources and manpower in such a way that necessitated colonial expansion. This conception of imperialism as a structural feature of capitalism is echoed by later Marxist theoreticians. Many theoreticians on the left have followed in emphasizing the structural or systemic character of \"imperialism\". Such writers have expanded the time period associated with the term so that it now designates neither a policy, nor a short space of decades in the late 19th century, but a world system extending over a period of centuries, often going back to Christopher Columbus and, in some accounts, to the Crusades. As the application of the term has expanded, its meaning has shifted along five distinct but often parallel axes: the moral, the economic, the systemic, the cultural, and the temporal. Those changes reflect - among other shifts in sensibility - a growing unease, even squeamishness, with the fact of power, specifically, Western power.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What strategy could have worked against the sovereignty that's most often associated with imperialism?
|
[
{
"id": 42152,
"question": "Imperialism is most often associated with which sovereignty?",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 32505,
"question": "What strategy could have worked against #1 ?",
"answer": "strangle British sea communications",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
strangle British sea communications
|
[] | true |
2hop__154360_727337
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "ISO 3307",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3307 is an international standard for date and time representations issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard was issued in 1975, then was superseded by ISO 8601 in 1988.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:AT",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AT is the entry for Austria in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "ISO 4031",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 4031 is an international standard first issued in 1978 by the International Organization for Standardization. It defined the representation of local time differentials, commonly referred to as time zones. It has since been superseded by a newer standard, ISO 8601. This newer standard sets out the current formats for local time differentials and so ISO 4031 is no longer in use.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "ISO 965",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 965 (ISO general purpose metric screw thread—tolerances) is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for metric screw thread tolerances. It specifies the basic profile for ISO general purpose metric screw threads (M) conforming to ISO 261.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:AO",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AO is the entry for Angola in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:GL",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:GL is the entry for Greenland in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "ISO/TC 68",
"paragraph_text": "ISO/TC 68 is a technical committee formed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), of Geneva, Switzerland, tasked with developing and maintaining international standards covering the areas of banking, securities, and other financial services. As the standards organization under ISO responsible for the development of all international financial services standards, ISO/TC 68 plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies in the banking, brokerage and insurance industries. Many of its current work projects involve developing ecommerce standards such as better online security for financial transactions, XML standards for financial transactions and standards to reduce the cost and delays of international financial transactions. The membership of ISO/TC 68, consists of more than 30 organizations assigned by participating national standards bodies plus additional international standards development organizations that work collaboratively toward global financial services standards development.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "International Organization for Standardization",
"paragraph_text": "The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard - setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CL",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CL is the entry for Chile in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:AS",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AS is the entry for American Samoa in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CN",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CN is the entry for China in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g. provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:FJ",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:FJ is the entry for Fiji in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Unicode",
"paragraph_text": "Unicode is developed in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization and shares the character repertoire with ISO/IEC 10646: the Universal Character Set. Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 function equivalently as character encodings, but The Unicode Standard contains much more information for implementers, covering—in depth—topics such as bitwise encoding, collation and rendering. The Unicode Standard enumerates a multitude of character properties, including those needed for supporting bidirectional text. The two standards do use slightly different terminology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:BG",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:BG is the entry for Bulgaria in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:IS",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:IS is the entry for Iceland in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "ISO 7001",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 7001 (\"public information symbols\") is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization that defines a set of pictograms and symbols for public information. The latest version, ISO 7001:2007, was published in November 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:IT",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:IT is the entry for Italy in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:GT",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:GT is the entry for Guatemala in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "ISO 3166-1",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "ISO 3166-2:CG",
"paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CG is the entry for the Republic of the Congo (called simply \"Congo\" in the standard) in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where are the headquarters for the organization which sets the standards for ISO 965 located?
|
[
{
"id": 154360,
"question": "Who set the standards for ISO 965?",
"answer": "International Organization for Standardization",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 727337,
"question": "#1 >> headquarters location",
"answer": "Geneva",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
Geneva
|
[] | true |
2hop__143153_291518
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mike Varney",
"paragraph_text": "Mike Varney is an American musician, record producer, music publisher and impresario. He is the founder of the Shrapnel Label Group, which includes Shrapnel Records, Tone Center Records and Blues Bureau International. He also has a 50% stake in Magna Carta Records, a New York-based label. Amazon.com currently lists over 790 albums as being released by record labels founded or owned by Mike Varney. He is often credited with being the individual most responsible for popularizing the mid-1980s shred guitar boom, and has continuously specialized in producing highly acclaimed musicians within the genres of instrumental rock, hard rock, jazz, jazz fusion, blues, blues-rock, progressive metal and speed metal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Ultimate (Elvin Jones album)",
"paragraph_text": "The Ultimate is an album by American jazz drummer Elvin Jones recorded in 1968 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Bach to the Blues",
"paragraph_text": "Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Chant (Donald Byrd album)",
"paragraph_text": "Chant is an album by American trumpeter Donald Byrd recorded in 1961 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1979.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Daddy Sang Bass",
"paragraph_text": "\"Daddy Sang Bass\" is a 1968 single written by Carl Perkins, with lines from the chorus of \"Will the Circle Be Unbroken?\" and recorded by Johnny Cash. \"Daddy Sang Bass\" was Johnny Cash's sixty-first release on the country chart. The song went to No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" country chart for 6 weeks and spent a total of 19 weeks on the chart. The single reached No. 56 on the \"Cashbox\" pop singles chart in 1969. \"Daddy Sang Bass\" was also released on the Columbia Records Hall of Fame Series as a 45, #13-33153, b/w \"Folsom Prison Blues\" (live version). The record was nominated in the CMA awards category of Single of the Year by the Country Music Association (CMA) in 1969.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Slave Dimitrov",
"paragraph_text": "Slave Dimitrov (, born June 1, 1946) is a Macedonian composer, singer and record producer. He composed and sang \"Chija si\" (Чија си), labeled as the \"song of the millennium\" in the Republic of Macedonia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "It Might as Well Be Spring (Ike Quebec album)",
"paragraph_text": "It Might as Well Be Spring is an album by American saxophonist Ike Quebec recorded in 1961 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Heritage (Eddie Henderson album)",
"paragraph_text": "Heritage is an album by American jazz trumpeter Eddie Henderson recorded in 1976 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Moods (The Three Sounds album)",
"paragraph_text": "Moods is an album by jazz group The Three Sounds released in 1961 on the Blue Note label. It was recorded the same day \"Feelin' Good\" was recorded.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Blue Bayou",
"paragraph_text": "\"Blue Bayou\" is a song written by Roy Orbison and Joe Melson. It was originally sung and recorded by Orbison, who had an international hit with his version in 1963. It later became Linda Ronstadt's signature song, with which she scored a Top 5 hit with her cover in 1977. The song has since been recorded by many others.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Alan Wilson (musician)",
"paragraph_text": "Alan Christie Wilson (July 4, 1943 -- September 3, 1970) was a co-founder, leader, and primary composer for the American blues band Canned Heat. He played harmonica, guitar, and sang with the group live and on recordings. Wilson was lead singer on Canned Heat's two biggest U.S. hit singles. His death at age 27 prefigured that of some of the other rock artists of the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Marlena (Marlena Shaw album)",
"paragraph_text": "Marlena is an album by American vocalist Marlena Shaw recorded in 1972 and released on the Blue Note label. The album was Shaw's third release and her first for the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Roy Orbison's Sun Recordings",
"paragraph_text": "Roy Orbison's Sun Recordings were made by Roy Orbison at Sun Studio with producer Sam Phillips. Sun Records was established in 1952 in Memphis, Tennessee, and during an eight-year period Sun Records signed such artists as Roy Orbison, B.B. King, Howlin' Wolf, Ike Turner, Rufus Thomas, Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Carl Perkins, Harold Jenkins, and Charlie Rich. The musicians signed at Sun Records made music that laid the foundation of rock and roll in the 20th century.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "'Bout Soul",
"paragraph_text": "Bout Soul is an album by American saxophonist Jackie McLean recorded in 1967 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Play Blue: Oslo Concert",
"paragraph_text": "Play Blue: Oslo Concert is a live album by pianist Paul Bley recorded in 2008 and released on the ECM label in 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Carryin' On",
"paragraph_text": "Carryin' On is an album by American jazz guitarist Grant Green featuring performances recorded in 1969 and released on the Blue Note label. The album marked Green's return to the Blue Note label and embracing a jazz-funk style that he would play for the rest of his life.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Nexus (Gene Harris album)",
"paragraph_text": "Nexus is an album by American jazz pianist Gene Harris recorded in 1975 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Carnival of the Spirits",
"paragraph_text": "Carnival of the Spirits is an album by Brazilian composer Moacir Santos recorded in 1975 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Extension (George Braith album)",
"paragraph_text": "Extension is the third album by American saxophonist George Braith recorded in 1964 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Blue & Sentimental",
"paragraph_text": "Blue & Sentimental is an album by American saxophonist Ike Quebec recorded in 1961 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the record label for the artist who sang Blue Bayou?
|
[
{
"id": 143153,
"question": "Who sang or played Blue Bayou?",
"answer": "Roy Orbison",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 291518,
"question": "#1 >> record label",
"answer": "Sun Records",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Sun Records
|
[
"Sun"
] | true |
2hop__245763_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Deep in the Heart of Texas",
"paragraph_text": "The 1941 song features lyrics by June Hershey and music by Don Swander. There were no fewer than five versions in the Billboard charts in 1942. ``Deep in the Heart of Texas ''spent five weeks at the top of Your Hit Parade in 1942 during its twelve weeks stay.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair",
"paragraph_text": "``Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair ''is a parlor song by Stephen Foster (1826 -- 1864). It was published by Firth, Pond & Co. of New York in 1854. Foster wrote the song with his estranged wife Jane McDowell in mind. The lyrics allude to a permanent separation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "We Found Love (music video)",
"paragraph_text": "The video begins with a monologue given by fashion model Agyness Deyn. Scenes of Rihanna with her romantic interest (Dudley O'Shaughnessy) in both love and hate scenarios intersperse, as they experience mounting difficulties in their relationship. After enduring the overwhelming effects of recreational drugs and physical violence, she finds her boyfriend unconscious on the floor of his apartment, and leaves him, having had enough of the relationship. Images of the song's producer and featured artist Calvin Harris appear in outdoor DJ scenes, while the video has regular references to popular culture, such as themes of films and content of other singers' videos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "I Wish (Skee-Lo song)",
"paragraph_text": "The song's lyrics are self - deprecating, with Skee - Lo lamenting a variety of personal shortcomings that he says are to blame for his unsuccessful love life. He wishes he were of taller stature (``like 6'9 '') and a basketball player (`` a baller''). He wishes for a better car, specifically a '64 Impala, instead of his 1974 Ford Pinto with ``an 8 - Track and a spare tire in the backseat, but that's flat! ''The lyrics also mention the Los Angeles neighborhood of Crenshaw, and a signpost featuring the street name appears in the background of the music video.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Risk II",
"paragraph_text": "Risk II is the video game version of the board game \"Risk\". \"Risk II\" was developed by Deep Red and published by Hasbro Interactive under the MicroProse label in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "What Do You Mean?",
"paragraph_text": "A lyric video for ``What Do You Mean? '', directed by Laban and featuring skateboarders Ryan Sheckler and Chelsea Castro, was released on August 28, 2015. The music video, directed by Brad Furman and starring John Leguizamo and Xenia Deli, premiered on August 30, 2015 following the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards. As of July 2018, the video has amassed over 1.9 billion views on YouTube, making it the 26th most viewed video on the site.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Windmills of Your Mind",
"paragraph_text": "``The Windmills of Your Mind ''is a song with music by French composer Michel Legrand and English lyrics written by Americans Alan and Marilyn Bergman. The melody was inspired by the theme of Mozart's second movement of his Sinfonia Concertante. The French lyrics, under the title`` Les Moulins de mon cœur'', were written by Eddy Marnay. The song (with the English lyrics) was introduced in the film The Thomas Crown Affair (1968). Winner of the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1968, ``Windmills of Your Mind ''was in 2004 ranked at no. 57 in AFI's 100 Years... 100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema. A remake by Sting was utilized in the 1999 remake of The Thomas Crown Affair.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Take On Me",
"paragraph_text": "``Take On Me ''First release (1984) Single by A-ha from the album Hunting High and Low B - side`` And You Tell Me'' ``Stop! And Make Your Mind Up ''`` Love Is Reason'' Released 19 October 1984 Format 7 ''12'' Recorded 1984 1985 (re-release) Genre Synthpop new wave Length 3: 10 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Magne Furuholmen Morten Harket Pål Waaktaar Producer (s) John Ratcliff Alan Tarney A-ha singles chronology ``Take On Me ''(1984)`` Love Is Reason'' (1985) ``Take On Me ''(1984)`` Love Is Reason'' (1985) Music video Take On Me (Original Version) on YouTube Take On Me on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "I'll Be Around (The Spinners song)",
"paragraph_text": "The lyrics of the song have the narrator (Spinners main lead singer Bobby Smith), pledging his devotion and love to a lover who has just left him for another while at the same time holding out hope that she will return to him (``There's always a chance, a tiny spark will remain / And sparks turn into flames / And love can burn once again... ''). So, in case she changes her mind, he'll be around.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Loving You Has Made Me Bananas",
"paragraph_text": "``Loving You Has Made Me Bananas ''is a song composed and performed by Guy Marks. It parodies big band broadcasts of the era with absurd lyrics:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Don't Leave (Snakehips and MØ song)",
"paragraph_text": "The official music video for the song was released through Snakehips YouTube account on 19 January 2017, and it was directed by Malia James. The music video also features sequences of MØ alongside Italian model Francesco Cuizza.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Love Doesn't Have to Hurt",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love Doesn't Have to Hurt\" is a song by Atomic Kitten, released as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Feels So Good\". The single peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "How Deep Is Your Love (Sean Paul song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"How Deep Is Your Love\" is the fifth single from the Jamaican recording artist Sean Paul's fifth studio album Tomahawk Technique, featuring American singer Kelly Rowland. It was written by Mikkel S. Eriksen, Jason Henriques, Ester Dean, Sean Paul Henriques and was produced by Stargate. It was released as a digital download in the United States on 24 July 2012. The song has charted in Switzerland and Austria.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "What Do You Mean?",
"paragraph_text": "A lyric video for ``What Do You Mean? '', directed by Laban and featuring skateboarders Ryan Sheckler and Chelsea Castro, was released on August 28, 2015. The music video, directed by Brad Furman and starring John Leguizamo and Xenia Deli, premiered on August 30, 2015 following the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards. As of October 2017, the video has amassed over 1.8 billion views on YouTube, making it the 23rd most viewed video on the site.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "One Last Time (Ariana Grande song)",
"paragraph_text": "The music video was filmed in early January 2015 and it also stars Matt Bennett, who was also Grande's co-star from the Nickelodeon sitcom Victorious. Max Landis also confirmed that one of the voices of the news reporters in the beginning of the video was actress Elizabeth Gillies, who also co-starred in Victorious with Grande and Bennett. Gillies previously appeared Grande's music video for her single ``Right There ''(2013). Around that time, Max Landis revealed`` One Last Time'' as Grande's next single after tweeting, ``Earth will pass catastrophically through the tail of the comet Eurydice in one week. Gather family and lovers close, one... last... time ''. The lyric video for`` One Last Time'' was released on Grande's official Vevo on February 6, 2015, at the same time it was announced that the music video was finished. On February 12, 2015, three days before the release of the music video, Grande released a teaser of the music video via Instagram. The music video was visually presented as a found footage, similar to Landis' previous work Chronicle. The ``One Last Time ''music video was released on February 15, 2015 on Vevo. It surpassed 100 million views on June 8, making it Grande's sixth Vevo - certified music video after`` Love Me Harder''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Spectrum VII",
"paragraph_text": "Spectrum VII is an album released by country musician David Allan Coe, released in 1979 on Columbia Records. Due to Coe's feud with Jimmy Buffett, who accused Coe of plagiarism, this album contained a note stating \"Jimmy Buffett doesn't live in Key West anymore\", a lyric from the song \"Jimmy Buffett\", which appeared on Coe's independent album \"Nothing Sacred\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "How Deep Is Your Love (Calvin Harris and Disciples song)",
"paragraph_text": "The accompanying music video for ``How Deep Is Your Love '', directed by Emil Nava, premiered on Tidal on 4 August 2015 and was released elsewhere on 6 August 2015. It features American model Gigi Hadid. Filming took place in Malibu, California in late June 2015. The video begins with Gigi laying on a table which she gets up on and walks down a hall into a party with bikinied women. Other scenes include Gigi flashing in different colors in a black background. Gigi then finds herself on a sea boat with water bikers. She then is transported to a pool where she dives into and walks out and takes off her clothes and hops in a shower and moves into another party room. Next, she is shown with motorcycles swarming around her. The video ends with Gigi walking out of the party room. It was won for Best Electronic Video on the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Look What You Made Me Do",
"paragraph_text": "A lyric video heavily based on the Saul Bass imagery used in the film Vertigo was released through Swift's official Vevo account on August 25, 2017. The video was produced by Swift and Joseph Kahn. It gained more than 19 million views during its first 24 hours on YouTube, surpassing ``Something Just like This ''by The Chainsmokers and Coldplay as the most viewed lyric video within that time period. As of October 2018, the lyric video on YouTube has amassed over 100 million views.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the model in the video of She Doesn't Mind by the songwriter of How Deep is Your Love?
|
[
{
"id": 245763,
"question": "How Deep Is Your Love >> lyrics by",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__499980_58009
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Éléonore-Louis Godefroi Cavaignac",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Paris, the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Cavaignac and the brother of General Eugène Cavaignac; he was the uncle of Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Attack from Atlantis",
"paragraph_text": "Attack From Atlantis (1953) is a science fiction novel written by Lester del Rey. The story follows the new \"U.S.S. Triton\" submarine on her maiden voyage, but trouble happens when the crew comes face to face with the inhabitants of the underwater city Atlantis.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Monthyon",
"paragraph_text": "Monthyon is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Residence of Eugène Boch, friend of Vincent van Gogh paint dans le portrait \"le peintre aux etoiles\". Eugène Boch lived in the Villa La Grimpette.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Arrieta",
"paragraph_text": "This municipality has its origin in the elizate Líbano de Arrieta, which became a municipality in the 19th Century. The toponym Arrieta comes from the Basque word harrieta, which means ``stony place ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Running of the bulls",
"paragraph_text": "The origin of this event comes from the need to transport the bulls from the fields outside the city, where they were bred, to the bullring, where they would be killed in the evening. During this' run ', youngsters would jump among them to show off their bravado. In Pamplona and other places, the six bulls in the event are still those that will feature in the afternoon bullfight of the same day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Eugène Étienne",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Etienne (15 December 1844 – 13 May 1921) was a French politician who was a Deputy from 1881 to 1919, Minister of War in 1913, and a Senator from 1920 until his death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Eugène Eyraud",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Eyraud (1820 – 23 August 1868) was a lay friar of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary and the first Westerner to live on Easter Island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Eugène Choisel",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Choisel (1881 – March 1946) was a French track and field athlete who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. He placed fourth in the 200 metre hurdles. Choisel also competed in the 110 metre hurdles. He placed third in his first-round (semifinals) heat and did not advance to the final.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Massacre at Chios",
"paragraph_text": "The Massacre at Chios () is the second major oil painting by the French artist Eugène Delacroix. The work is more than four meters tall, and shows some of the horror of the wartime destruction visited on the Island of Chios in the Chios massacre. A frieze-like display of suffering characters, military might, ornate and colourful costumes, terror, disease and death is shown in front of a scene of widespread desolation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "History of Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Eugène Criqui",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Criqui (August 15, 1893 – July 7, 1977) was a French boxer who held the World Featherweight title in 1923. After his death, he was added to the International Boxing Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Antoniadi Dorsum",
"paragraph_text": "Antoniadi Dorsum is a ridge on Mercury at . It was named by the International Astronomical Union after Eugène Michel Antoniadi.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Eugène-Melchior Péligot",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène-Melchior Péligot (24 March 1811 in Paris – 15 April 1890 in Paris), also known as Eugène Péligot, was a French chemist who isolated the first sample of uranium metal in 1841.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Umbar",
"paragraph_text": "Umbar is a fictional place in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. It was a great harbour and city on the west coast of Harad, the vast region south of Gondor in Middle-earth. 'Umbar' was a name—of unknown meaning—given to the area by its original inhabitants. The Númenóreans adopted the name, probably aware that 'Umbar' was the Quenya word for 'fate'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Battle of Maloyaroslavets",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on 24 October 1812, between the Russians, under Marshal Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, and part of the corps of Eugène de Beauharnais, Napoleon's stepson, under General Alexis Joseph Delzons which numbered about 20,000 strong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "And death shall have no dominion",
"paragraph_text": "``And death shall have no dominion ''is a poem written by Welsh poet Dylan Thomas (1914 -- 1953). The title comes from St. Paul's epistle to the Romans (6: 9).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac",
"paragraph_text": "Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac (May 21, 1853 – September 25, 1905), known as Godefroy Cavaignac, French politician, was born in Paris. He was the son of Louis Eugène Cavaignac. He made public profession of his republican principles as a schoolboy at the Lycée Charlemagne by refusing in 1867 to receive a prize at the Sorbonne from the hand of the prince imperial.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Marc Eyraud",
"paragraph_text": "Marc Eyraud (1 March 1924 – 15 February 2005) was a French film actor. He appeared in 60 films between 1956 and 1995.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Brunswick, New York",
"paragraph_text": "Brunswick is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The municipality was originally settled in the early 18th century. During its history, it had been part of Albany County, Rensselaerswyck, and Troy, before its incorporation in 1807. It is bordered on the west by the city of Troy; on the north by Schaghticoke and Pittstown; on the east by Grafton; and on the south by Poestenkill and North Greenbush. The population was 11,941 at the 2010 census. The source of the town's name is not certain, though some claim it comes from the source of its first inhabitants from the province of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Tomb of Pope Julius II",
"paragraph_text": "The Tomb of Pope Julius II is a sculptural and architectural ensemble by Michelangelo and his assistants, originally commissioned in 1505 but not completed until 1545 on a much reduced scale. Originally intended for St. Peter's Basilica, the tomb was instead placed in the church of San Pietro in Vincoli on the Esquiline in Rome after the pope's death. This church was patronized by the della Rovere family from which Julius came, and he had been titular cardinal there.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the original inhabitants of the place where Eugene Eyraud died come from?
|
[
{
"id": 499980,
"question": "Eugène Eyraud >> place of death",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 58009,
"question": "where did the original inhabitants of #1 come from",
"answer": "the Marquesas Islands from the west",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
the Marquesas Islands from the west
|
[
"Marquesas",
"Marquesas Islands"
] | true |
2hop__72156_20556
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. It was one of the largest empires in world history. At its height under Trajan, it covered 5 million square kilometres. It held sway over an estimated 70 million people, at that time 21% of the world's entire population. The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language, culture, religion, inventions, architecture, philosophy, law and forms of government on the empire's descendants. Throughout the European medieval period, attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire, including the Empire of Romania, a Crusader state; and the Holy Roman Empire. By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance, and their descendant states, Greco - Roman and Judaeo - Christian culture was exported on a worldwide scale, playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of slavery in Florida",
"paragraph_text": "Slavery in Florida began under Spanish rule and continued under American and later Confederate rule. It was theoretically abolished by President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, but this had little effect in Florida. Slavery continued until the end of the Civil War and collapse of the Confederacy in the spring of 1865, followed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865. Some of the characteristics of slavery -- inability to leave a disagreeable situation -- continued under sharecropping, convict leasing, vagrancy laws. In the 20th and 21st centuries, conditions approximating slavery are found among marginal immigrant populations, especially migrant farm workers and involuntary sex workers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of Brazil",
"paragraph_text": "The first European to colonize what is now the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 / 1468 - c. 1520) on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 (approximately the 46th meridian west) that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"paragraph_text": "Though the amendment formally abolished slavery throughout the United States, factors such as Black Codes, white supremacist violence, and selective enforcement of statutes continued to subject some black Americans to involuntary labor, particularly in the South. In contrast to the other Reconstruction Amendments, the Thirteenth Amendment was rarely cited in later case law, but has been used to strike down peonage and some race - based discrimination as ``badges and incidents of slavery ''. The Thirteenth Amendment applies to the actions of private citizens, while the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments apply only to state actors. The amendment also enables Congress to pass laws against sex trafficking and other modern forms of slavery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Macau",
"paragraph_text": "Macau was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it constituted the last remaining European colony in Asia. Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was leased to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony through a mutual agreement between the two countries. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "Imperialism has played an important role in the histories of Japan, Korea, the Assyrian Empire, the Chinese Empire, the Roman Empire, Greece, the Byzantine Empire, the Persian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Ancient Egypt, the British Empire, India, and many other empires. Imperialism was a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan during the Mongol Empire, and of other war-lords. Historically recognized Muslim empires number in the dozens. Sub-Saharan Africa has also featured dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era, for example the Ethiopian Empire, Oyo Empire, Asante Union, Luba Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire. The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Colonial empire",
"paragraph_text": "The British Empire, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest empire in history by virtue of the improved transportation technologies of the time. At its height, the British Empire covered a quarter of the Earth's land area and comprised a quarter of its population. During the New Imperialism, Italy and Germany also built their colonial empires in Africa.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of South Africa",
"paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Slavery in international law",
"paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of their own in the Americas and Asia. A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left England (and then, following union between England and Scotland in 1707, Great Britain) the dominant colonial power in North America and India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Portugal",
"paragraph_text": "This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar in 1933. Portugal was one of only five European countries to remain neutral in World War II. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Portugal was a founding member of NATO, OECD and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Gradually, new economic development projects and relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa were initiated, with Angola and Mozambique, as the largest and richest overseas territories, being the main targets of those initiatives. These actions were used to affirm Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation and not as a colonial empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "British colonization of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The brief peace in Europe allowed Napoleon to focus on the French colonies abroad. Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801. Napoleon saw his chance to recuperate the formerly wealthy colony when he signed the Treaty of Amiens. During the Revolution, the National Convention voted to abolish slavery in February 1794. Under the terms of Amiens, however, Napoleon agreed to appease British demands by not abolishing slavery in any colonies where the 1794 decree had never been implemented. The resulting Law of 20 May never applied to colonies like Guadeloupe or Guyane, even though rogue generals and other officials used the pretext of peace as an opportunity to reinstate slavery in some of these places. The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. Napoleon sent an expedition under General Leclerc designed to reassert control over Sainte-Domingue. Although the French managed to capture Toussaint Louverture, the expedition failed when high rates of disease crippled the French army. In May 1803, the last 8000 French troops left the island and the slaves proclaimed an independent republic that they called Haïti in 1804. Seeing the failure of his colonial efforts, Napoleon decided in 1803 to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States, instantly doubling the size of the U.S. The selling price in the Louisiana Purchase was less than three cents per acre, a total of $15 million.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "History of South Africa",
"paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Monroe Doctrine",
"paragraph_text": "The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as ``the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ''At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Slave Trade Act 1807",
"paragraph_text": "The Slave Trade Act 1807, officially An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom prohibiting the slave trade in the British Empire. Although it did not abolish the practice of slavery, it did encourage British action to press other nations states to abolish their own slave trades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Slave states and free states",
"paragraph_text": "West Virginia became the 35th state on June 20, 1863, and the last slave state admitted to the Union. Eighteen months later, the West Virginia legislature completely abolished slavery, and also ratified the 13th Amendment on February 3, 1865.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 August 1834 (with the exception of St. Helena, Ceylon and the territories administered by the East India Company, though these exclusions were later repealed). Under the Act, slaves were granted full emancipation after a period of 4 to 6 years of \"apprenticeship\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Southern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, producing the Columbian Exchange. The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What abolished slavery throughout the European country with the largest colonial empire?
|
[
{
"id": 72156,
"question": "which european country has the largest colonial empire",
"answer": "The British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 20556,
"question": "What abolished slavery throughout #1 ?",
"answer": "The Slavery Abolition Act",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
The Slavery Abolition Act
|
[] | true |
2hop__7050_741935
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Here Comes the Grump",
"paragraph_text": "Here Comes the Grump is an animated cartoon series produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and aired on NBC from 1969 to 1970. It was later shown in reruns on Sci-Fi Channel's Cartoon Quest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Marriage in Trouble",
"paragraph_text": "Marriage in Trouble (German: Ehe in Not) is a 1929 German silent drama film directed by Richard Oswald and starring Elga Brink, Walter Rilla and Evelyn Holt. The film's art direction was by Franz Schroedter. A man considers leaving his wife for another woman, but eventually decides against it. The film was based on a French novel by Georges Antequil.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "The end for the Laemmles came with a lavish version of Show Boat (1936), a remake of its earlier 1929 part-talkie production, and produced as a high-quality, big-budget film rather than as a B-picture. The new film featured several stars from the Broadway stage version, which began production in late 1935, and unlike the 1929 film was based on the Broadway musical rather than the novel. Carl, Jr.'s spending habits alarmed company stockholders. They would not allow production to start on Show Boat unless the Laemmles obtained a loan. Universal was forced to seek a $750,000 production loan from the Standard Capital Corporation, pledging the Laemmle family's controlling interest in Universal as collateral. It was the first time Universal had borrowed money for a production in its 26-year history. The production went $300,000 over budget; Standard called in the loan, cash-strapped Universal could not pay, Standard foreclosed and seized control of the studio on April 2, 1936.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Hard Luck Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Hard Luck Duck is a \"What a Cartoon!\" animated cartoon directed by William Hanna, produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, and broadcast as a part of \"World Premiere Toons\" on Cartoon Network on April 16, 1995. The cartoon involves Hard Luck Duck (Russi Taylor), after venturing away from Crocodile Harley (Brad Garrett)'s watch, is a hungry fox (Jim Cummings)'s target to be cooked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Oswald of Worcester",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald of Worcester (died 29 February 992) was Archbishop of York from 972 to his death in 992. He was of Danish ancestry, but brought up by his uncle, Oda, who sent him to France to the abbey of Fleury to become a monk. After a number of years at Fleury, Oswald returned to England at the request of his uncle, who died before Oswald returned. With his uncle's death, Oswald needed a patron and turned to another kinsman, Oskytel, who had recently become Archbishop of York. His activity for Oskytel attracted the notice of Archbishop Dunstan who had Oswald consecrated as Bishop of Worcester in 961. In 972, Oswald was promoted to the see of York, although he continued to hold Worcester also.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Ratskin",
"paragraph_text": "Ratskin is a 1929 animated cartoon released by Columbia Pictures starring Krazy Kat. It is the first cartoon to be released by Columbia Pictures and the first \"Krazy Kat\" cartoon released with sound.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Duck Doctor",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Duck Doctor\" is a 1952 one-reel animated cartoon and is the 64th \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby. It stars Quacker as a wild duck, rather than a farm duck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Grace Stafford",
"paragraph_text": "Gracie Lantz (born Grace Boyle, November 7, 1903 – March 17, 1992), also known by her stage name Grace Stafford, was an American actress and the wife of animation producer Walter Lantz. Stafford is best known for providing the voice of Woody Woodpecker, a creation of Lantz's, from 1950 to 1991.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein",
"paragraph_text": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein is a 1999 American animated comedy horror film produced by Bagdasarian Productions, LLC. and Universal Cartoon Studios and distributed by Universal Studios Home Video. It is directed by Kathi Castillo, written by John Loy and based on characters from \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" and Mary Shelley's 1816 novel \"Frankenstein\". This is the first of three \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" direct-to-video films, and the first of three Universal Cartoon Studios productions to be animated overseas by Tama Productions in Tokyo, Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "G. M. Dimitrov",
"paragraph_text": "In 1923, he began to study diplomacy at the Free University of Political and Economic Sciences (today UNWE) in Sofia, and in 1929 he graduated in medicine from the University of Zagreb in 1929 and quickly engaged in politics upon settling in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. He was part of the Board of Managers of BANU from 1932–1933 and later worked for the Standing Committee of the United BANU (\"Aleksandar Stamboliyski\" and \"Vrabcha 1\"). In the wake of the coup d'état of 1934 he was in opposition to the monarchist regime and semi-legally headed BANU.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Comics",
"paragraph_text": "The francophone Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer produced comic strips beginning in 1827, and published theories behind the form. Cartoons appeared widely in newspapers and magazines from the 19th century. The success of Zig et Puce in 1925 popularized the use of speech balloons in European comics, after which Franco-Belgian comics began to dominate. The Adventures of Tintin, with its signature clear line style, was first serialized in newspaper comics supplements beginning in 1929, and became an icon of Franco-Belgian comics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Dr. Devil and Mr. Hare",
"paragraph_text": "Dr. Devil and Mr. Hare is a Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" theatrical cartoon short released on March 28, 1964, starring Bugs Bunny and the Tasmanian Devil. It was directed by Robert McKimson. It was produced by David H. DePatie. The cartoon was animated by Ted Bonnicksen, Warren Batchelder, and George Grandpré. The cartoon was written by John Dunn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ozzie Clay",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald Clay (born September 10, 1941 in Hickory, North Carolina) is a former American football safety in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins. He played college football at Iowa State University and was drafted in the 17th round of the 1964 NFL Draft.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Oswald Watt",
"paragraph_text": "In his will, Watt left two bequests to the Australian Aero Club, one of which was used to establish the Oswald Watt Gold Medal for outstanding achievement in Australian aviation. Winners of the award have included Charles Kingsford Smith, Bert Hinkler, Henry Millicer, Ivor McIntyre, Jon Johanson and Andy Thomas. He also bequeathed a sum to the Royal Military College, Duntroon, to award annually a set of binoculars for the best cadet essay on military aviation or aeronautics. The award was founded as the Oswald Watt Prize later in 1921. Most of the residue of Watt's estate went to the University of Sydney. Considered one of the university's great benefactors, he was commemorated by the Oswald Watt Fund. In May 1923, the Oswald Watt Wing of the Havilah Home for Orphans, Wahroonga, was opened by the Governor-General of Australia. Watt was acknowledged as both a source and a reviewer by F.M. Cutlack in the latter's volume on the Australian Flying Corps that was first published in 1923 as part of the \"Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918\". During World War I, Oswald Watt had been the only AFC officer to command a wing apart from Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, who was later to become known as the \"Father of the RAAF\". In 2001, military historian Alan Stephens noted that \"had fate drawn him to a post-war career in the Air Force instead of to business and an untimely death, 'Toby' Watt might have challenged Richard Williams as the RAAF's dominant figure in its formative years\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Salt Water Tabby",
"paragraph_text": "Salt Water Tabby is a 1947 one-reel animated cartoon and is the 31st \"Tom and Jerry\" short. It was produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on July 12, 1947 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. The cartoon was animated by Ed Barge, Michael Lah (who later directed Droopy cartoons) and Kenneth Muse, with additional animation by Ray Patterson (uncredited). \"Salt Water Tabby\" was scored by Scott Bradley, produced by Fred Quimby, and directed and written by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "Before 1954, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; in 1954 and 1955, some of the output was dually produced in dual versions: one Academy-ratio negative composed for a flat widescreen (1.75:1) format and one shot in the CinemaScope process. From 1955 until the close of the MGM cartoon studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope, some even had their soundtracks recorded in Perspecta directional audio. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were shot as successive color exposure negatives in Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor but returned to the standard Academy ratio and format. The 2005 short The Karate Guard was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the spouse of the person who began producing Oswald cartoons for Universal in 1929?
|
[
{
"id": 7050,
"question": "Who began producing Oswald cartoons for Universal in 1929?",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 741935,
"question": "#1 >> spouse",
"answer": "Grace Stafford",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Grace Stafford
|
[] | true |
2hop__503440_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On May 30, 2006, Taylor Hicks was named American Idol, with Katharine McPhee the runner-up. \"Do I Make You Proud\" was released as Hicks' first single and McPhee's was \"My Destiny\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "My Destiny (Lionel Richie song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"My Destiny\" is a 1992 song recorded by Lionel Richie. It was the second single from his album \"Back to Front\" and was released in 1992. The song achieved some success, and it even topped the Dutch Mega Single Top 100. The song also appeared on Richie's best of \"\" and \"The Definitive Collection\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the performer of My Destiny a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 503440,
"question": "My Destiny >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__108610_741935
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Captive Slave",
"paragraph_text": "The Captive Slave is a portrait painted by the artist John Simpson (1782–1847), which was first exhibited in London in 1827. It shows a man, manacled, on a stone bench and looking pensively or plaintively upward. Its subject matter, historical period, and mode of creation suggest the artist intended the painting as a statement against slavery. Until acquired by the Art Institute of Chicago in 2008, it had not been displayed to the public for 180 years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Woody Woodpecker Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Woody Woodpecker Show is a long-running 30-minute American television series mainly composed of the film series in animated cartoon escapades of Woody Woodpecker and other Walter Lantz characters including Andy Panda, Chilly Willy, and Inspector Willoughby released by Walter Lantz Productions. The series was revived and reformatted several times, but remained popular for nearly four decades and allowed the studio to continue making theatrical cartoons until 1972 when it shut down. It also kept the Walter Lantz/Universal \"cartunes\" made during the Golden Age of American animation a part of the American consciousness. The \"Woody Woodpecker Show\" was named the 88th best animated series by IGN.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Gold medal",
"paragraph_text": "Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver, and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colloseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Grace Stafford",
"paragraph_text": "Gracie Lantz (born Grace Boyle, November 7, 1903 – March 17, 1992), also known by her stage name Grace Stafford, was an American actress and the wife of animation producer Walter Lantz. Stafford is best known for providing the voice of Woody Woodpecker, a creation of Lantz's, from 1950 to 1991.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Heart-spotted woodpecker",
"paragraph_text": "The heart-spotted woodpecker (Hemicircus canente) is a species of bird in the woodpecker family. They have a contrasting black and white pattern, a distinctively stubby body with a large wedge-shaped head making them easy to identify while their frequent calling make them easy to detect as they forage for invertebrates under the bark of the slender outer branches of trees. They move about in pairs or small groups and are often found in mixed-species foraging flocks. They have a wide distribution across Asia with populations in the forests of southwestern and central India which are slightly separated from their ranges in the Himalayas and Southeast Asia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "In the early 2010s, Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment planned a Woody Woodpecker feature film. John Altschuler and Dave Krinsky (King of the Hill) were in talks to develop a story, but in July 2013, Illumination canceled the project. In October 2013, Bill Kopp announced that Universal Pictures had hired him to direct an animated feature film with three interwoven stories. On July 13, 2016, Cartoon Brew reported that Universal 1440 Entertainment was filming a live - action / CG hybrid film based on Woody Woodpecker in Canada. Filming began in June 2016, and ended later in July of that year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Freemasonry",
"paragraph_text": "The preserved records of the Reichssicherheitshauptamt (the Reich Security Main Office) show the persecution of Freemasons during the Holocaust. RSHA Amt VII (Written Records) was overseen by Professor Franz Six and was responsible for \"ideological\" tasks, by which was meant the creation of antisemitic and anti-Masonic propaganda. While the number is not accurately known, it is estimated that between 80,000 and 200,000 Freemasons were killed under the Nazi regime. Masonic concentration camp inmates were graded as political prisoners and wore an inverted red triangle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Billy West",
"paragraph_text": "William Richard West (born April 16, 1952) is an American voice actor, singer, comedian, musician, songwriter and former radio personality who is known for his voice - over work in a number of television series, films, video games and commercials. He has done hundreds of voice - overs in his career such as Ren (season 3 to season 5) and Stimpy on The Ren & Stimpy Show; Doug Funnie and Roger Klotz on Doug; and Philip J. Fry, Professor Farnsworth, Dr. Zoidberg, Zapp Brannigan and a number of others on Futurama. He does voices for commercials and is the current voice of the red M&M and was also the voice of Buzz, the Honey Nut Cheerios Bee until 2004. In addition to his original voices, he has voiced Bugs Bunny, Elmer Fudd, Shaggy Rogers, Popeye and Woody Woodpecker during later renditions of the respective characters. He was a cast member on The Howard Stern Show, noted for his impersonation of The Three Stooges' Larry Fine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Creation of Adam",
"paragraph_text": "The Creation of Adam () is a fresco painting by Italian artist Michelangelo, which forms part of the Sistine Chapel's ceiling, painted c. 1508–1512. It illustrates the Biblical creation narrative from the Book of Genesis in which God gives life to Adam, the first man. The fresco is part of a complex iconographic scheme and is chronologically the fourth in the series of panels depicting episodes from Genesis.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Vertical Roll",
"paragraph_text": "Vertical Roll is a 1972 video art piece by American video and performance artist Joan Jonas. It is a sequel to Jonas' first video work \"Organic Honey's Visual Telepathy\". Jonas' interfacing with the material grammar of video was significant to the late 1960s and early 1970s experimentation with new video technology. Among others, Steina and Woody Vasulka, Nam June Paik and Peter Campus also contributed to the emergent material discourse of video art.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "John Pounds",
"paragraph_text": "John Pounds (June 17, 1766 – January 1, 1839) was a teacher and altruist born in Portsmouth, and the man most responsible for the creation of the concept of Ragged schools. After Pounds' death, Thomas Guthrie (often credited with the creation of Ragged Schools) wrote his \"Plea for Ragged Schools\" and proclaimed John Pounds as the originator of this idea.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of recurring characters in The Suite Life on Deck",
"paragraph_text": "Woodrow ``Woody ''Fink (Matthew Timmons) from Cleveland, Ohio, is Cody Martin's cabin - mate on the SS Tipton. He is known for being messy, disorganized, gullible, dimwitted, lazy, gluttonous and having bad grades at school. His catchphrases are`` Hurtful!'' and ``Dang it! ''In`` Flowers and Chocolate'', Woody had a huge crush on London's best friend Chelsea Brimmer and he pretended being London's butler from England. Woody also directs, does make - up and hair and guards the studio for London's web show ``Yay Me! Starring London Tipton ''. Woody also can direct passed wind to sound like different songs. In the episode`` Sea Monster Mash'', he mentions that he has brothers and friends off the ship that are n't smart. It is also revealed that he has a younger sister who is much bigger than he is. However, in ``Bermuda Triangle, ''he states that,`` Being the youngest of 9, I learned to grab first and worry about utensils later, you would n't know, being an 'only child.''' Also, his younger sister Willa visited the ship at one point. In a few episodes of the series (International Dateline, Goin 'Bananas, Marriage 101) he has been interested in a female student named Addison who has also shown possible interest in him. He then went out with a girl named Becky in Smarticle Particles. In Rat Tale after he gets bitten by Buck (Cody and Bailey's pet rat) he thinks he mutates into a human - rat hybrid and later he saves Buck from falling off of an extremely high place, and does amazing acrobatic feats. Addison and Woody become a couple in several episodes. Of all recurring characters, Woody appears in the most episodes (48 out of the show's 71 episodes).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Ministry of Local Government (Uganda)",
"paragraph_text": "The Ministry of Local Government (MOLG), is a cabinet - level government ministry of Uganda. It is responsible for the ``creation, supervision and guidance of sustainable, efficient and effective service delivery in the decentralized system of governance. The ministry is responsible for the harmonization and support of all local government functions, to cause positive socio - economic transformation of Uganda ''. The ministry is headed by a cabinet minister, currently Tom Butime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Woody Rock",
"paragraph_text": "Woody Rock (born James Green on September 10, 1976 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an African-American singer, dancer, and musician who originally became known as a former member of the multi-platinum R&B act Dru Hill, a group for which he has written and sung lead on songs such as \"5 Steps\", \"April Showers\", and \"Angel\". He has also recorded his own solo gospel album, \"Soul Music\", for Kirk Franklin's Gospocentric Records. His nickname was derived from his father saying he resembled the Woody Woodpecker cartoon character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker",
"paragraph_text": "Woody was created in 1940 by Lantz and storyboard artist Ben ``Bugs ''Hardaway, who had previously laid the groundwork for two other screwball characters, Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, at the Warner Bros. cartoon studio in the late 1930s. Woody's character and design evolved over the years, from an insane bird with an unusually garish design to a more refined looking and acting character in the vein of the later Chuck Jones version of Bugs Bunny. Woody was originally voiced by prolific voice actor Mel Blanc, who was succeeded by Danny Webb, Kent Rogers, Ben Hardaway and finally by Grace Stafford, wife of Walter Lantz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Woody Boyd",
"paragraph_text": "The Honorable Mr. Woodrow Huckleberry Tiberius ``Woody ''Boyd is a character on the American television show Cheers, portrayed by Woody Harrelson. Woody came to Cheers at the beginning of the fourth season of Cheers in 1985 in the episode`` Birth, Death, Love and Rice''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Woody Woodpecker is a 2017 American live - action / computer - animated family comedy film produced by Mike Elliott and directed by Alex Zamm, based on the cartoon character of the same name created by Walter Lantz and Ben Hardaway. The film stars the voice of Eric Bauza as Woody Woodpecker, and also stars Timothy Omundson as Lance Walters, a divorced attorney with a son and a new girlfriend who wants to build a dream home in a forest in the mountains of Washington, only to find out he is cutting down a tree in which the eponymous woodpecker lives. The film was first released in theaters in Brazil on October 5, 2017. It was released in the United States on DVD on February 6, 2018. While it was filmed in the English - language, it was designed for the Brazilian film market. The film received negative reviews from critics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Hair Wars",
"paragraph_text": "Hair Wars is an annual touring event which has become one of the biggest hair shows in the United States. It is a showcase for artists and salons to create unconventional, elaborate, vibrant hair styles and fashion using primarily human hair as the medium. Creations of note include a spider web head piece by Kevin Carter, a flying \"hairy-copter\" by Mr. Little, and a full Vegas showgirl outfit by Lisa B.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Woody Woodpecker is a 2017 American live - action / computer - animated family comedy film produced by Mike Elliott and directed by Alex Zamm, based on the cartoon character of the same name created by Walter Lantz and Ben Hardaway. The film stars the voice of Eric Bauza as Woody Woodpecker, and also stars Timothy Omundson as Lance Walters, a divorced attorney with a son and a new girlfriend who wants to build a dream home in a forest in the mountains of Washington, only to find out he is cutting down a tree in which the eponymous woodpecker lives. The film was first released in theaters in Brazil on October 5, 2017. It was released in the United States on DVD on February 6, 2018. While the movie itself was filmed in the English - language, it was focused on the Brazilian public, since the character is still extremely popular in the country. The film received negative reviews from critics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Condorman",
"paragraph_text": "Days later, Woody, Natalia and Harry are at Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles, where they see the Goodyear Blimp flash a sign welcoming Natalia to the U.S. Aboard the blimp, Russ contacts Harry and has him ask Woody if he is interested in taking Condorman to another assignment.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the spouse of the person responsible for creating The Woody Woodpecker Show?
|
[
{
"id": 108610,
"question": "What artist was responsible for the creation of The Woody Woodpecker Show?",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 741935,
"question": "#1 >> spouse",
"answer": "Grace Stafford",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Grace Stafford
|
[] | true |
2hop__68293_20556
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Westminster Abbey",
"paragraph_text": "Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scientists such as Isaac Newton, buried on 4 April 1727, and Charles Darwin, buried 26 April 1882. Another was William Wilberforce who led the movement to abolish slavery in the United Kingdom and the Plantations, buried on 3 August 1833. Wilberforce was buried in the north transept, close to his friend, the former Prime Minister, William Pitt.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 August 1834 (with the exception of St. Helena, Ceylon and the territories administered by the East India Company, though these exclusions were later repealed). Under the Act, slaves were granted full emancipation after a period of 4 to 6 years of \"apprenticeship\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Slave Trade Act 1807",
"paragraph_text": "The Slave Trade Act 1807, officially An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom prohibiting the slave trade in the British Empire. Although it did not abolish the practice of slavery, it did encourage British action to press other nations states to abolish their own slave trades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Multiracial Americans",
"paragraph_text": "Laws dating from 17th-century colonial America defined children of African slave mothers as taking the status of their mothers, and born into slavery regardless of the race or status of the father, under partus sequitur ventrem. The association of slavery with a \"race\" led to slavery as a racial caste. But, most families of free people of color formed in Virginia before the American Revolution were the descendants of unions between white women and African men, who frequently worked and lived together in the looser conditions of the early colonial period. While interracial marriage was later prohibited, white men frequently took sexual advantage of slave women, and numerous generations of multiracial children were born. By the late 1800s it had become common among African Americans to use passing to gain educational opportunities as did the first African-American graduate of Vassar College Anita Florence Hemmings. Some 19th-century categorization schemes defined people by proportion of African ancestry: a person whose parents were black and white was classified as mulatto, with one black grandparent and three white as quadroon, and with one black great-grandparent and the remainder white as octoroon. The latter categories remained within an overall black or colored category, but before the Civil War, in Virginia and some other states, a person of one-eighth or less black ancestry was legally white. Some members of these categories passed temporarily or permanently as white.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "New York grew in importance as a trading port while under British rule in the early 1700s. It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, more than any other city other than Charleston, South Carolina. Most slaveholders held a few or several domestic slaves, but others hired them out to work at labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banks and shipping tied to the South. Discovery of the African Burying Ground in the 1990s, during construction of a new federal courthouse near Foley Square, revealed that tens of thousands of Africans had been buried in the area in the colonial years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Indirect rule",
"paragraph_text": "The ideological underpinnings, as well as the practical application, of indirect rule in Kenya and Nigeria is usually traced to the work of Frederick Lugard, the High Commissioner of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria from 1899 to 1906. In the lands of the Sokoto Caliphate, conquered by the British Empire at the turn of the century, Lugard instituted a system whereby external, military, and tax control was operated by the British, while most every other aspect of life was left to local pre-British aristocracies who may have sided with the British during or after their conquest. The theory behind this solution to a very practical problem (a problem referred to as' The Native Problem 'by Mahmood Mamdani in his work Citizen and Subject) of domination by a tiny group of foreigners of huge populations is laid out in Lugard's influential work, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Isaac N. Arnold",
"paragraph_text": "Isaac Newton Arnold (November 30, 1815, Hartwick, New York – April 24, 1884, Chicago) was an attorney, American politician, and biographer who made his career in Chicago. He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives (1860-1864) and in 1864 introduced the first resolution in Congress proposing a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery in the United States. After returning to Chicago in 1866, he practiced law and wrote biographies of Abraham Lincoln and Benedict Arnold.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Slavery in international law",
"paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "If the South Had Won the Civil War",
"paragraph_text": "The Confederacy was also faced with the issue of slavery, very much contested despite its victory in what came to be known as ``The War of the Southern Revolution. ''With the rest of the world abolishing slavery, Confederates started feeling that they were out of step. Virginia abolished slavery in its territory, followed by Kentucky and North Carolina, and later Maryland and Tennessee. A new political force named the Jeffersonian Party called for abolition of slavery and gained the support of such prominent persons as Stephen Dodson Ramseur, Robert E. Rodes, John Pegram and, later, Leonidas Polk. Finally, Confederate slavery was fully abolished in 1885, the Liberation Bill being adopted with little opposition under the presidency of James Longstreet. Southerners having resolved this by themselves, rather than having the decision forced upon them by a victorious hostile army, helped avoid any lingering bitterness, and no organization resembling the Ku Klux Klan arose.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Portugal",
"paragraph_text": "As the King's confidence in de Melo increased, the King entrusted him with more control of the state. By 1755, Sebastião de Melo was made Prime Minister. Impressed by British economic success that he had witnessed from the Ambassador, he successfully implemented similar economic policies in Portugal. He abolished slavery in Portugal and in the Portuguese colonies in India; reorganized the army and the navy; restructured the University of Coimbra, and ended discrimination against different Christian sects in Portugal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Multiracial Americans",
"paragraph_text": "Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed \"hypodescent\" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance \"married white\" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "Napoleon ended lawlessness and disorder in post-Revolutionary France. He was, however, considered a tyrant and usurper by his opponents. His critics charge that he was not significantly troubled when faced with the prospect of war and death for thousands, turned his search for undisputed rule into a series of conflicts throughout Europe and ignored treaties and conventions alike. His role in the Haitian Revolution and decision to reinstate slavery in France's oversea colonies are controversial and have an impact on his reputation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The brief peace in Europe allowed Napoleon to focus on the French colonies abroad. Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801. Napoleon saw his chance to recuperate the formerly wealthy colony when he signed the Treaty of Amiens. During the Revolution, the National Convention voted to abolish slavery in February 1794. Under the terms of Amiens, however, Napoleon agreed to appease British demands by not abolishing slavery in any colonies where the 1794 decree had never been implemented. The resulting Law of 20 May never applied to colonies like Guadeloupe or Guyane, even though rogue generals and other officials used the pretext of peace as an opportunity to reinstate slavery in some of these places. The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. Napoleon sent an expedition under General Leclerc designed to reassert control over Sainte-Domingue. Although the French managed to capture Toussaint Louverture, the expedition failed when high rates of disease crippled the French army. In May 1803, the last 8000 French troops left the island and the slaves proclaimed an independent republic that they called Haïti in 1804. Seeing the failure of his colonial efforts, Napoleon decided in 1803 to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States, instantly doubling the size of the U.S. The selling price in the Louisiana Purchase was less than three cents per acre, a total of $15 million.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Haitian Revolution",
"paragraph_text": "The Haitian Revolution (French: Révolution haïtienne (ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ ajisjɛ̃n)) was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection by self - liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint - Domingue, now the sovereign nation of Haiti. It began on 22 August 1791 at 22: 00, and ended in 1804 with the former colony's independence. It involved blacks, mulattoes, French, Spanish, and British participants -- with the ex-slave Toussaint L'Ouverture emerging as Haiti's most charismatic hero. It was the only slave uprising that led to the founding of a state which was both free from slavery, and ruled by non-whites and former captives. It is now widely seen as a defining moment in the history of racism in the Atlantic World.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "History of slavery in Florida",
"paragraph_text": "Slavery in Florida began under Spanish rule and continued under American and later Confederate rule. It was theoretically abolished by President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, but this had little effect in Florida. Slavery continued until the end of the Civil War and collapse of the Confederacy in the spring of 1865, followed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865. Some of the characteristics of slavery -- inability to leave a disagreeable situation -- continued under sharecropping, convict leasing, vagrancy laws. In the 20th and 21st centuries, conditions approximating slavery are found among marginal immigrant populations, especially migrant farm workers and involuntary sex workers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Slave states and free states",
"paragraph_text": "West Virginia became the 35th state on June 20, 1863, and the last slave state admitted to the Union. Eighteen months later, the West Virginia legislature completely abolished slavery, and also ratified the 13th Amendment on February 3, 1865.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Song of the South",
"paragraph_text": "The film is set on a plantation in the southern United States, specifically in the state of Georgia, some distance from Atlanta. Although sometimes misinterpreted as taking place before the U.S. Civil War while slavery was still legal in the region, the film takes place during the Reconstruction Era after slavery was abolished. Harris' original Uncle Remus stories were all set after the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery. Harris himself, born in 1848, was a racial reconciliation activist writer and journalist of the Reconstruction Era. The film makes several indirect references to the Reconstruction Era: clothing is in the newer late - Victorian style; Uncle Remus is free to leave the plantation at will; black field hands are sharecroppers, etc.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Transvaal Colony",
"paragraph_text": "The Transvaal Colony () was the name used to refer to the Transvaal region during the period of direct British rule and military occupation between the end of the Second Boer War in 1902 when the South African Republic was dissolved, and the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The physical borders of the Transvaal Colony were not identical to the defeated South African Republic (which had existed from 1856 to 1902), but was larger. In 1910 the entire territory became the Transvaal Province of the Union of South Africa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Modern history",
"paragraph_text": "From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bermuda",
"paragraph_text": "Bermuda was colonised by the English as an extension of Virginia and has long had close ties with the US Atlantic Seaboard and Canadian Maritimes as well as the UK. It had a history of African slavery, although Britain abolished it decades before the US. Since the 20th century, there has been considerable immigration to Bermuda from the West Indies, as well as continued immigration from Portuguese Atlantic islands. Unlike immigrants from British colonies in the West Indies, the latter immigrants have had greater difficulty in becoming permanent residents as they lacked British citizenship, mostly spoke no English, and required renewal of work permits to remain beyond an initial period. From the 1950s onwards, Bermuda relaxed its immigration laws, allowing increased immigration from Britain and Canada. Some Black politicians accused the government of using this device to counter the West Indian immigration of previous decades.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who abolished slavery throughout the empire that practiced indirect rule with their African colonies?
|
[
{
"id": 68293,
"question": "who practiced indirect rule with their african colonies",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 20556,
"question": "What abolished slavery throughout #1 ?",
"answer": "The Slavery Abolition Act",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
The Slavery Abolition Act
|
[] | true |
2hop__469966_58009
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos (; 14 December 1670 – 23 March 1742), also referred to as l'Abbé Du Bos, was a French author.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Louis Lully",
"paragraph_text": "Louis Lully (4 August 1664 in Paris – 1 April 1734) was a French musician and the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Lully.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Onésime Dutrou-Bornier (19 November 1834 – 6 August 1876) was a French mariner who settled on Easter Island in 1868, purchased much of the island, removed many of the Rapa Nui people and turned the island into a sheep ranch.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet (2 May 1746 in Bernay, Eure – 17 February 1825) was a French politician of the Revolutionary period. His brother, Robert Thomas Lindet, became a constitutional bishop and member of the National Convention. Although his role may not have been spectacular, Jean-Baptiste Lindet came to be the embodiment of the growing middle class that came to dominate French politics during the Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune (Senlis, Oise, 1732 – Angoulême, 7 October 1809) was a French philologist, physician and translator.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Je fais le mort",
"paragraph_text": "Je fais le mort is a 2013 French comedy film written and directed by Jean-Paul Salomé. The film stars François Damiens, Géraldine Nakache and Lucien Jean-Baptiste. It was screened at the Rome Film Festival, under the title Playing Dead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jean-Pierre-André Amar",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Pierre-André Amar or Jean-Baptiste-André Amar (May 11, 1755 – December 21, 1816) was a French political figure of the Revolution and Freemason.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau (c.1585–1650) was a French architect, the son of Jean Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau, the outstanding Parisian architect of his generation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Dazincourt",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Albouy (11 December 1747, in Marseille – 28 March 1809, in Paris), stage name Dazincourt, was a French actor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "History of Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle (1662, Marseille-1723, Marseille) was French Consul in the Moroccan city of Salé in 1689-98. He was the son of Pierre Estelle, Consul at Tetuan. He succeeded Jean Perillier as consul at Salé.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Puech",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Puech is a French actor. He graduated from the Maison des Conservatoires in 1998 and the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Achille Zo",
"paragraph_text": "Achille Zo (born Jean-Baptiste Achille Zo on 30 July 1826, Bayonne -2 March 1901, Bordeaux) was a French painter of Basque origin. He painted in the academic style with many historical works and genre scenes, especially from Spain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Éléonore-Louis Godefroi Cavaignac",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Paris, the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Cavaignac and the brother of General Eugène Cavaignac; he was the uncle of Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Negress",
"paragraph_text": "The Negress is a bronze sculpture by French artist Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. It is now in the permanent collection at the Indianapolis Museum of Art.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Jean Baptiste Joseph, chevalier de Laumoy",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Baptiste Joseph, chevalier de Laumoy (1750–1832) French engineer, fought in the American Revolutionary War, and was on the staff of Lafayette and was captured with him, by the Austrians.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jean Dotto",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Dotto (27 March 1928, in St-Nazaire – 20 February 2000, in Ollioules, France) was the first French racing cyclist to win the Vuelta a España. He rode the Tour de France 13 times, coming fourth in 1954.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Canon de 16 Gribeauval",
"paragraph_text": "The Canon de 16 Gribeauval was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Baptists",
"paragraph_text": "Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; the Kingdom of God; last things (eschatology) (Jesus Christ will return personally and visibly in glory to the earth, the dead will be raised, and Christ will judge everyone in righteousness); and evangelism and missions. Some historically significant Baptist doctrinal documents include the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, 1742 Philadelphia Baptist Confession, the 1833 New Hampshire Baptist Confession of Faith, the Southern Baptist Convention's Baptist Faith and Message, and written church covenants which some individual Baptist churches adopt as a statement of their faith and beliefs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Lippmann Islands",
"paragraph_text": "The Lippmann Islands are a group of small islands in extent, lying close northwest of Lahille Island off the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. They were originally mapped as a single island by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and named by him for French physicist and Nobel Prize winner Gabriel Lippmann.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the original inhabitants, of the island where Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier died, come from?
|
[
{
"id": 469966,
"question": "Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier >> place of death",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 58009,
"question": "where did the original inhabitants of #1 come from",
"answer": "the Marquesas Islands from the west",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
the Marquesas Islands from the west
|
[
"Marquesas",
"Marquesas Islands"
] | true |
2hop__141404_749335
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "New Delhi",
"paragraph_text": "Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies. Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Cyril Houri",
"paragraph_text": "Cyril Lionel Houri (born April 1969 in Meudon, Hauts-de-Seine, France) is a New York-based entrepreneur who has founded two geolocation technology companies: InfoSplit, Inc. and Mexens Technology Inc. (now called Navizon). Houri has designed IP address geolocation, WiFi and cellular positioning technologies, and has testified as an expert witness on location-based technology in LICRA vs. Yahoo!.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology",
"paragraph_text": "The Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI) is a public organization for technology development in the Kingdom of Spain. In the Spanish language, the Centre is known as the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial. It was part of the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism, later was part of Ministry of Science and Innovation and now it is part of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. It claims to employ one hundred fifty people. The Centre supports companies that want to develop R&D projects with loans and other financial aids. In addition, provides technical support. The Centre has presence in Japan, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the Republic of Colombia, Korea, the Republic of Chile, and the Kingdom of Morocco. In 2002, the Centre contributed 117.2 million EUR to the European Space Agency. (Its monetary contributions to the Agency have risen steadily—by numerical value, not considering inflation—since 1998, when it contributed 104.85 million EUR.)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Israel",
"paragraph_text": "Despite limited natural resources, intensive development of the agricultural and industrial sectors over the past decades has made Israel largely self-sufficient in food production, apart from grains and beef. Imports to Israel, totaling $77.59 billion in 2012, include raw materials, military equipment, investment goods, rough diamonds, fuels, grain, consumer goods. Leading exports include electronics, software, computerized systems, communications technology, medical equipment, pharmaceuticals, fruits, chemicals, military technology, and cut diamonds; in 2012, Israeli exports reached $64.74 billion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "GE Technology Infrastructure",
"paragraph_text": "GE Technology Infrastructure is a business group of General Electric composed of three GE companies: GE Aviation, GE Healthcare, and GE Transportation. John G. Rice is president and CEO. A company-wide reorganization prompted by staggering financial losses led to the unit's formation in 2008 from companies within GE Infrastructure.GE Technology Infrastructure is a business group of General Electric composed of three GE companies: GE Aviation, GE Healthcare, and GE Transportation. John G. Rice is president and CEO. A company-wide reorganization prompted by staggering financial losses led to the unit's formation in 2008 from companies within GE Infrastructure. In 2008, GE as a company announced that it will reduce its divisions from six to four. The main divisions will now be GE Technology Infrastructure, GE Energy Infrastructure, GE Capital and NBC Universal. The new structure emphasizes priorities that attempts to shield G.E. from economic swings by divesting it of consumer units and exploiting its role as one of the world’s biggest buyers of IT services.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "USB flash drive",
"paragraph_text": "M - Systems, an Israeli company later acquired by SanDisk, filed the first patent for a USB flash drive in April 1999, known as a DiskOnKey. Later in 1999, IBM filed an invention disclosure by one of its employees. Flash drives were sold initially by Trek 2000 International, a company in Singapore, which began selling in early 2000. IBM became the first to sell USB flash drives in the United States in 2000. The initial storage capacity of a flash drive was 8 MB. Another version of the flash drive, described as a pen drive, was also developed. Pua Khein - Seng from Malaysia has been credited with this invention. Patent disputes have arisen over the years, with competing companies including Singaporean company Trek Technology and Chinese company Netac Technology, attempting to enforce their patents. Trek won a suit in Singapore, but has lost battles in other countries. Netac Technology has brought lawsuits against PNY Technologies, Lenovo, aigo, Sony, and Taiwan's Acer and Tai Guen Enterprise Co.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Gary Culliss",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Culliss (born 1970) is an American entrepreneur who has founded several technology companies, including the search engine company Direct Hit Technologies and the interactive voice telecommunications company, SoundBite Communications (NASDAQ: SDBT).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Media Piracy in Emerging Economies",
"paragraph_text": "Media Piracy in Emerging Economies is a report released by the Social Science Research Council in 2011. It contends that “high prices for media goods, low incomes, and cheap digital technologies are the main ingredients of global media piracy. If piracy is ubiquitous in most parts of the world, it is because these conditions are ubiquitous.”",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Motorola 88000",
"paragraph_text": "The 88000 (m88k for short) is a RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Motorola during the 1980s. The 88000 arrived on the market in 1988, some two years after the competing SPARC and MIPS. Due to the late start and extensive delays releasing the second-generation MC88110, the m88k achieved very limited success outside of the MVME platform and embedded controller environments. When Motorola joined the AIM alliance in 1991 to develop the PowerPC, further development of the 88000 ended.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Good Company",
"paragraph_text": "The Good Company was a Canadian variety television series which aired on CBC Television as mid-season programming from 1968 to 1969.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cottin SAS",
"paragraph_text": "Cottin SAS is a family held business based in Paris, France. It specializes in the creation of high end luxury goods for technology items, such as \"luxury computers\", iPad and iPhone decorations and baggage. Its located in Paris, as well as in boutiques and the internet. The products revolve around providing technological devices with a more humanistic touch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Avram Miller",
"paragraph_text": "After leaving Intel, he founded The Avram Miller Company, a consulting firm for technology companies. Miller has served as a senior advisor to Lazard, and has served as a director of various companies including CMGI, World Online, PCCW, and entertainment companies including Maxis and King World Productions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Welwyn Tool Group",
"paragraph_text": "Welwyn Tool Group Limited, is a tool distribution company based in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom. The company is responsible for the distribution and after-sales service of products manufactured by Swiss company, Leister Technologies in The United Kingdom and Ireland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Lucent",
"paragraph_text": "Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Diamond Management & Technology Consultants",
"paragraph_text": "Diamond Management & Technology Consultants (casually referred to as Diamond) was an independent management consulting firm founded in 1994, headquartered in Chicago, IL with satellite offices in Hartford, CT, New York City, Washington DC, London, and Mumbai. It was acquired by the British firm, PwC in 2010. Diamond was a smaller player among companies such as Mercer Management Consulting, Deloitte Consulting, and Accenture. The industry segments under which Diamond operated include consumer packaged goods, financial services, and health-care, among numerous others.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bristol Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Bristol Technology Inc. was a software development company founded in January 1991 by Keith, Ken, and Jean Blackwell. The company's original product idea, Wind/U, was an implementation of the Windows API (application programming interface) on non-Windows operating systems (such as UNIX). In March 2007, Bristol was purchased by the information technology corporation Hewlett-Packard for an undisclosed amount.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Armenia",
"paragraph_text": "The economy relies heavily on investment and support from Armenians abroad. Before independence, Armenia's economy was largely industry-based – chemicals, electronics, machinery, processed food, synthetic rubber, and textile – and highly dependent on outside resources. The republic had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy. Recently, the Intel Corporation agreed to open a research center in Armenia, in addition to other technology companies, signalling the growth of the technology industry in Armenia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "CRAiLAR Technologies",
"paragraph_text": "CRAiLAR Technologies (formerly Naturally Advanced Technologies) is a Vancouver, BC-based cleantech company focused on providing textile, composite and pulping solutions, through the processing of industrial hemp, and other bast fibers. The company states that it believes that using hemp as an alternative to other fibers results in end products which are environmentally friendlier than those currently produced using conventional feedstock. CRAiLAR Technologies is now developing and commercializing its proprietary CRAILAR fiber processing technology in partnership with the National Research Council of Canada and the Alberta Research Council. The CRAILAR process and resulting products and by-products are expected to have applications in apparel, performance textiles, energy, composite materials, and pulp and paper markets.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Net realizable value",
"paragraph_text": "Under IFRS, companies need to record the cost of their Ending Inventory at the lower of cost and NRV, to ensure that their inventory and income statement are not overstated (under ASPE, companies record the lower of cost and market value). For example, under IFRS, at a company's year end, if an unfinished good that already cost $25 is expected to sell for $100 to a customer, but it will take an additional $20 to complete and $10 to advertise to the customer, its NRV will be $100 - $20 - $10 = $70. In this year's income statement, since the cost of the good ($25) is less than its NRV ($70), the cost of the good will get recorded as the cost of inventory. In next year's income statement after the good was sold, this company will record a revenue of $100, Cost of Goods Sold of $25, and Cost of Completion and Disposal of $20 + $10 = $30. This leads to a profit of $100 - $25 - $30 = $45 on this transaction.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Good Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to the acquisition, both companies were known as market leaders in email access from portable devices. In November 2006, Motorola announced plans to acquire Good Technology as part of its plan to compete with Research in Motion's Blackberry product line in the enterprise sector, and expressed its intention to continue licensing its technology to other phone manufacturers. At the time of the acquisition, Good's flagship products were Good Mobile Messaging, Good Mobile Intranet and Good Mobile Defense; the company had 470 employees.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
What is the 88000 model, made by the company that Good Technology is part of, an instance of?
|
[
{
"id": 141404,
"question": "What company is Good Technology part of?",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 749335,
"question": "#1 88000 >> instance of",
"answer": "ISA",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
ISA
|
[
"instruction set architecture",
"Isa"
] | true |
2hop__19632_34638
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "Caesar was now the primary figure of the Roman state, enforcing and entrenching his powers. His enemies feared that he had ambitions to become an autocratic ruler. Arguing that the Roman Republic was in danger, a group of senators hatched a conspiracy and assassinated Caesar at a meeting of the Senate in March 44 BC. Mark Antony, Caesar's lieutenant, condemned Caesar's assassination, and war broke out between the two factions. Antony was denounced as a public enemy, and Caesar's adopted son and chosen heir, Gaius Octavianus, was entrusted with the command of the war against him. At the Battle of Mutina Mark Antony was defeated by the consuls Hirtius and Pansa, who were both killed.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Hohenzollern Bridge",
"paragraph_text": "The Hohenzollern Bridge () is a bridge crossing the river Rhine in the German city of Cologne (German: \"Köln\"). It crosses the Rhine at kilometre 688.5. Originally, the bridge was both a railway and road bridge. However, after its destruction in 1945 and its subsequent reconstruction, it was only accessible to rail and pedestrian traffic.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Rhine",
"paragraph_text": "In World War II, it was recognised that the Rhine would present a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944. The bridges at Nijmegen, over the Waal distributary of the Rhine, were also an objective of Operation Market Garden. In a separate operation, the Ludendorff Bridge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, became famous, when U.S. forces were able to capture it intact – much to their own surprise – after the Germans failed to demolish it. This also became the subject of a film, The Bridge at Remagen. Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Thomas Nord",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Nord (born 19 October 1957 in Berlin) is a German politician (DIE LINKE) and Member of the German Federal Parliament.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "East–West Schism",
"paragraph_text": "In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was ``the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Journey to the East",
"paragraph_text": "Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as \"Die Morgenlandfahrt\". This novel came directly after his biggest international success, \"Narcissus and Goldmund\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Rhine",
"paragraph_text": "Near Tamins-Reichenau the Anterior Rhine and the Posterior Rhine join and form the Rhine. The river makes a distinctive turn to the north near Chur. This section is nearly 86 km long, and descends from a height of 599 m to 396 m. It flows through a wide glacial alpine valley known as the Rhine Valley (German: Rheintal). Near Sargans a natural dam, only a few metres high, prevents it from flowing into the open Seeztal valley and then through Lake Walen and Lake Zurich into the river Aare. The Alpine Rhine begins in the most western part of the Swiss canton of Graubünden, and later forms the border between Switzerland to the West and Liechtenstein and later Austria to the East.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Neon Lights (Kraftwerk song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Neon Lights\" (original German title: \"Neonlicht\") is a song by Kraftwerk, released in 1978 on their \"The Man-Machine\" album (released in German as \"Die Mensch-Maschine\"). The song was initially a B-side to their single, \"The Model\" (\"Das Model\"), but later the sides were swapped. The 12\" single was pressed on luminous vinyl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Roderich von Erckert",
"paragraph_text": "Roderich von Erckert (15 December 1821 – 12 December 1900) was a German ethnographer and officer. His work on the Caucasian languages includes \"Der Kaukasus und seine Völker\" (The Caucasus and Its Peoples; 1887); \"Die Sprachen des kaukasischen Stammes\" (The Languages of the Caucasian Tribes; 1895); and \"Wanderungen und Siedelungen der germanischen Stämme in Mitteleuropa\" (Migration and Settlement of the Germanic Tribes in Central Europe; 1901).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Michael Rummenigge",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Rummenigge (born 3 February 1964 in Lippstadt, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German former footballer who played as a forward.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Germans",
"paragraph_text": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine. Roman emperor Augustus in 12 BC ordered the conquest of the Germans, but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire abandoning its plans to completely conquer Germany. Germanic peoples in Roman territory were culturally Romanized, and although much of Germany remained free of direct Roman rule, Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity by the Germans who obtained it from the Romans. In Roman-held territories with Germanic populations, the Germanic and Roman peoples intermarried, and Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions intermingled. The adoption of Christianity would later become a major influence in the development of a common German identity.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jutta Appelt",
"paragraph_text": "Jutta Appelt (born 17 September 1939) is a German politician and writer from the German Christian Democratic Union. She was a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia between 1995 and 2005.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Switzerland",
"paragraph_text": "In about 260 AD, the fall of the Agri Decumates territory north of the Rhine transformed today's Switzerland into a frontier land of the Empire. Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica. The Empire built another line of defense at the north border (the so-called Donau-Iller-Rhine-Limes), but at the end of the fourth century the increased Germanic pressure forced the Romans to abandon the linear defence concept, and the Swiss plateau was finally open to the settlement of German tribes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Michael Aggelidis",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Georg Aggelidis (born 7 June 1962 in Dormagen) is a German politician of the Left Party in North Rhine-Westphalia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Rhine",
"paragraph_text": "The Rhine emerges from Lake Constance, flows generally westward, as the Hochrhein, passes the Rhine Falls, and is joined by its major tributary, the river Aare. The Aare more than doubles the Rhine's water discharge, to an average of nearly 1,000 m3/s (35,000 cu ft/s), and provides more than a fifth of the discharge at the Dutch border. The Aare also contains the waters from the 4,274 m (14,022 ft) summit of Finsteraarhorn, the highest point of the Rhine basin. The Rhine roughly forms the German-Swiss border from Lake Constance with the exceptions of the canton of Schaffhausen and parts of the cantons of Zürich and Basel-Stadt, until it turns north at the so-called Rhine knee at Basel, leaving Switzerland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Rheintaler Höhenweg",
"paragraph_text": "The Rheintaler Höhenweg, or Rhine valley high path, is a hiking trail along the western side of the Rhine valley in Switzerland. It starts in Rorschach on the edge of Lake Constance, and follows the Rhine river southwards (upstream) through wine fields, fruit orchards and cheese-making countryside to finish in Sargans. The total route covers around , and reaches a maximum altitude of 1430 m (4700 feet).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Friedhelm Waldhausen",
"paragraph_text": "Friedhelm Waldhausen (born 1938 in , Hückelhoven, Rhine Province) is a German mathematician known for his work in algebraic topology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Middle Ages",
"paragraph_text": "Charlemagne planned to continue the Frankish tradition of dividing his kingdom between all his heirs, but was unable to do so as only one son, Louis the Pious (r. 814–840), was still alive by 813. Just before Charlemagne died in 814, he crowned Louis as his successor. Louis's reign of 26 years was marked by numerous divisions of the empire among his sons and, after 829, civil wars between various alliances of father and sons over the control of various parts of the empire. Eventually, Louis recognised his eldest son Lothair I (d. 855) as emperor and gave him Italy. Louis divided the rest of the empire between Lothair and Charles the Bald (d. 877), his youngest son. Lothair took East Francia, comprising both banks of the Rhine and eastwards, leaving Charles West Francia with the empire to the west of the Rhineland and the Alps. Louis the German (d. 876), the middle child, who had been rebellious to the last, was allowed to keep Bavaria under the suzerainty of his elder brother. The division was disputed. Pepin II of Aquitaine (d. after 864), the emperor's grandson, rebelled in a contest for Aquitaine, while Louis the German tried to annex all of East Francia. Louis the Pious died in 840, with the empire still in chaos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Great and the Little Love",
"paragraph_text": "The Great and the Little Love (German: Die große und die kleine Liebe) is a 1938 German comedy film directed by Josef von Báky and starring Jenny Jugo, Gustav Fröhlich, Rudi Godden. Jugo plays a stewardess working for Lufthansa. It was filmed partly on location in Italy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Battle of the Lisaine",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Lisaine, also known as the Battle of Héricourt was fought from 15 January to 17 January 1871 between German and French forces. The French were led by Charles Denis Bourbaki, and were attempting to relieve the Siege of Belfort. The Germans prepared XIV Corps and several other divisions, some 40,000–45,000 men, to halt the French advance of about 110,000 men. The Germans had their outer posts overran quite swiftly but the Prussians forced back and counterattacked the French forces, breaking the morale of French troops and leaving them to either die or retreat. In the end their efforts failed, and they were forced to flee into Switzerland where they were all interned soon after.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the emperor who forced the Germanic tribes to the east side of the Rhine die?
|
[
{
"id": 19632,
"question": "What emperor forced the Germanic tribes to the east side of the Rhine?",
"answer": "Julius Caesar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 34638,
"question": "When did #1 die?",
"answer": "March 44 BC",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
March 44 BC
|
[] | true |
2hop__846047_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Just Go (Lionel Richie song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Just Go\" is a single by Lionel Richie from his 2009 album \"Just Go\". The song, a duet with Akon, was released on March 12, 2009 and - following its UK release - was described by noted R&B writer Pete Lewis of the award-winning 'Blues & Soul' as \"a seductively tuneful single with a Caribbean-tinged lilt\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The performer of Just Go was a guest judge on which season of American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 846047,
"question": "Just Go >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__68293_32505
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "James Gamble Rogers II",
"paragraph_text": "James Gamble Rogers II (January 24, 1901 – October 30, 1990) was a celebrated American architect practicing primarily in Winter Park, Florida in the middle years of the twentieth century. He is noted for suavely elegant residential and commercial work, in the Spanish Revival, Mediterranean Revival, French Provincial, and Colonial Revival styles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "List of princely states of British India (by region)",
"paragraph_text": "Before the Partition of India in 1947, 565 Princely States, also called Native States, existed in India, which were not fully and formally part of British India, the parts of the Indian subcontinent which had not been conquered or annexed by the British but under indirect rule, subject to subsidiary alliances.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Ottoman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Ottoman Islamic legal system was set up differently from traditional European courts. Presiding over Islamic courts would be a Qadi, or judge. Since the closing of the ijtihad, or Gate of Interpretation, Qadis throughout the Ottoman Empire focused less on legal precedent, and more with local customs and traditions in the areas that they administered. However, the Ottoman court system lacked an appellate structure, leading to jurisdictional case strategies where plaintiffs could take their disputes from one court system to another until they achieved a ruling that was in their favor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Indirect approach",
"paragraph_text": "The Indirect approach is a military strategy described and chronicled by B. H. Liddell Hart after World War I. It was an attempt to find a solution to the problem of high casualty rates in conflict zones with high force to space ratios, such as the Western Front on which he served. The strategy calls for armies to advance along the line of least resistance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "New York grew in importance as a trading port while under British rule in the early 1700s. It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, more than any other city other than Charleston, South Carolina. Most slaveholders held a few or several domestic slaves, but others hired them out to work at labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banks and shipping tied to the South. Discovery of the African Burying Ground in the 1990s, during construction of a new federal courthouse near Foley Square, revealed that tens of thousands of Africans had been buried in the area in the colonial years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Modern history",
"paragraph_text": "From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Central African Republic",
"paragraph_text": "What is today the Central African Republic has been inhabited for millennia; however, the country's current borders were established by France, which ruled the country as a colony starting in the late 19th century. After gaining independence from France in 1960, the Central African Republic was ruled by a series of autocratic leaders; by the 1990s, calls for democracy led to the first multi-party democratic elections in 1993. Ange-Félix Patassé became president, but was later removed by General François Bozizé in the 2003 coup. The Central African Republic Bush War began in 2004 and, despite a peace treaty in 2007 and another in 2011, fighting broke out between various factions in December 2012, leading to ethnic and religious cleansing of the Muslim minority and massive population displacement in 2013 and 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The double indirect method can be used when it is important to see the work during the creation process as it will appear when completed. The tesserae are placed face-up on a medium (often adhesive-backed paper, sticky plastic or soft lime or putty) as it will appear when installed. When the mosaic is complete, a similar medium is placed atop it. The piece is then turned over, the original underlying material is carefully removed, and the piece is installed as in the indirect method described above. In comparison to the indirect method, this is a complex system to use and requires great skill on the part of the operator, to avoid damaging the work. Its greatest advantage lies in the possibility of the operator directly controlling the final result of the work, which is important e.g. when the human figure is involved. This method was created in 1989 by Maurizio Placuzzi and registered for industrial use (patent n. 0000222556) under the name of his company, Sicis International Srl, now Sicis The Art Mosaic Factory Srl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "W. E. B. Du Bois",
"paragraph_text": "Racism was the main target of Du Bois's polemics, and he strongly protested against lynching, Jim Crow laws, and discrimination in education and employment. His cause included people of color everywhere, particularly Africans and Asians in colonies. He was a proponent of Pan-Africanism and helped organize several Pan-African Congresses to fight for the independence of African colonies from European powers. Du Bois made several trips to Europe, Africa and Asia. After World War I, he surveyed the experiences of American black soldiers in France and documented widespread prejudice in the United States military.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Indirect rule",
"paragraph_text": "The ideological underpinnings, as well as the practical application, of indirect rule in Kenya and Nigeria is usually traced to the work of Frederick Lugard, the High Commissioner of the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria from 1899 to 1906. In the lands of the Sokoto Caliphate, conquered by the British Empire at the turn of the century, Lugard instituted a system whereby external, military, and tax control was operated by the British, while most every other aspect of life was left to local pre-British aristocracies who may have sided with the British during or after their conquest. The theory behind this solution to a very practical problem (a problem referred to as' The Native Problem 'by Mahmood Mamdani in his work Citizen and Subject) of domination by a tiny group of foreigners of huge populations is laid out in Lugard's influential work, The Dual Mandate in British Tropical Africa.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Dutch language",
"paragraph_text": "Like in English, Dutch has generalised the dative over the accusative case for all pronouns, e.g. Du me, je, Eng me, you, vs. Germ mich/mir dich/dir. There is one exception: the standard language prescribes that in the third person plural, hen is to be used for the direct object, and hun for the indirect object. This distinction was artificially introduced in the 17th century by grammarians, and is largely ignored in spoken language and not well understood by Dutch speakers. Consequently, the third person plural forms hun and hen are interchangeable in normal usage, with hun being more common. The shared unstressed form ze is also often used as both direct and indirect objects and is a useful avoidance strategy when people are unsure which form to use.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Heresy",
"paragraph_text": "Another example of the persecution of heretics under Protestant rule was the execution of the Boston martyrs in 1659, 1660, and 1661. These executions resulted from the actions of the Anglican Puritans, who at that time wielded political as well as ecclesiastic control in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. At the time, the colony leaders were apparently hoping to achieve their vision of a \"purer absolute theocracy\" within their colony .[citation needed] As such, they perceived the teachings and practices of the rival Quaker sect as heretical, even to the point where laws were passed and executions were performed with the aim of ridding their colony of such perceived \"heresies\".[citation needed] It should be noticed that the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox communions generally regard the Puritans themselves as having been heterodox or heretical.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Nigeria",
"paragraph_text": "Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia. The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914. The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practising indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms. Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960, and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970. It has since alternated between democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorships, until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999, with its 2011 presidential elections being viewed as the first to be conducted reasonably freely and fairly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Modern history",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company (1800) and British East India Company (1858) were dissolved by their respective governments, who took over the direct administration of the colonies. Only Thailand was spared the experience of foreign rule, although, Thailand itself was also greatly affected by the power politics of the Western powers. Colonial rule had a profound effect on Southeast Asia. While the colonial powers profited much from the region's vast resources and large market, colonial rule did develop the region to a varying extent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War",
"paragraph_text": "William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy, which could control the seas and bring as many invasion troops as were needed. He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies, working under the command of British regulars, to invade new France. In order to tie the French army down he subsidized his European allies. Pitt Head of the government from 1756 to 1761, and even after that the British continued his strategy. It proved completely successful. Pitt had a clear appreciation of the enormous value of imperial possessions, and realized how vulnerable was the French Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was \"the most effective strategic weapon\", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, \"We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe\". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his \"empire\" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company had founded the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 as a way station for its ships travelling to and from its colonies in the East Indies. Britain formally acquired the colony, and its large Afrikaner (or Boer) population in 1806, having occupied it in 1795 to prevent its falling into French hands, following the invasion of the Netherlands by France. British immigration began to rise after 1820, and pushed thousands of Boers, resentful of British rule, northwards to found their own—mostly short-lived—independent republics, during the Great Trek of the late 1830s and early 1840s. In the process the Voortrekkers clashed repeatedly with the British, who had their own agenda with regard to colonial expansion in South Africa and with several African polities, including those of the Sotho and the Zulu nations. Eventually the Boers established two republics which had a longer lifespan: the South African Republic or Transvaal Republic (1852–77; 1881–1902) and the Orange Free State (1854–1902). In 1902 Britain occupied both republics, concluding a treaty with the two Boer Republics following the Second Boer War (1899–1902).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Myanmar",
"paragraph_text": "British colonial rule introduced Western elements of culture to Burma. Burma's education system is modelled after that of the United Kingdom. Colonial architectural influences are most evident in major cities such as Yangon. Many ethnic minorities, particularly the Karen in the southeast and the Kachin and Chin who populate the north and northeast, practice Christianity. According to the The World Factbook, the Burman population is 68% and the ethnic groups constitute 32%. However, the exiled leaders and organisations claims that ethnic population is 40%, which is implicitly contrasted with CIA report (official US report).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Multiracial Americans",
"paragraph_text": "In the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free people of color during the colonial period in Virginia. The scholar Paul Heinegg found that eighty percent of the free people of color in North Carolina in censuses from 1790–1810 could be traced to families free in Virginia in colonial years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Transvaal Colony",
"paragraph_text": "The Transvaal Colony () was the name used to refer to the Transvaal region during the period of direct British rule and military occupation between the end of the Second Boer War in 1902 when the South African Republic was dissolved, and the establishment of the Union of South Africa in 1910. The physical borders of the Transvaal Colony were not identical to the defeated South African Republic (which had existed from 1856 to 1902), but was larger. In 1910 the entire territory became the Transvaal Province of the Union of South Africa.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What strategy could have worked against the indirect rulers of african colonies?
|
[
{
"id": 68293,
"question": "who practiced indirect rule with their african colonies",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 32505,
"question": "What strategy could have worked against #1 ?",
"answer": "strangle British sea communications",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
strangle British sea communications
|
[] | true |
2hop__575522_80884
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Asker",
"paragraph_text": "Asker is politically dominated by the conservatives, and the mayor is Lene Conradi who is a member of the Conservative Party of Norway \"(Høyre)\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Flag of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "The colours of the modern flag are associated with the republican democracy first proposed in 1848, formed after World War I, and represent German unity and freedom. During the Weimar Republic, the black - red - gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist, and republican political parties, as seen in the name of Reichsbanner Schwarz - Rot - Gold, formed by members of the Social Democratic, the Centre, and the Democratic parties to defend the republic against extremists on the right and left.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Margus Tsahkna",
"paragraph_text": "In 2000, he joined the \"Pro Patria\" party. From 2001 to 2004 he was chairman of \"Noor-Isamaa\", the party's youth organisation. From 2001 to 2003 he was a member of Tartu city council. From 2003 to 2006 he was the party's political secretary. After the affiliation of the \"Pro Patria\" and \"Res Publica\" parties, to form the \"Pro Patria ja Res Publica Liit\" party, he was secretary general from 2007 to 2010, and political secretary from 2010 to 2013. In 2013 he became assistant chairman. He has been a member of the Estonian parliament since 2007, the member of the parliaments finance committee and social committee. He has also acted as a chairman of the parliaments social committee from 2011-2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Ambroise Dupont",
"paragraph_text": "Ambroise Dupont (born 11 May 1937) is a French politician and a former member of the Senate of France. He represented the Calvados department as a member of UMP political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser",
"paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "A political party is typically led by a party leader (the most powerful member and spokesperson representing the party), a party secretary (who maintains the daily work and records of party meetings), party treasurer (who is responsible for membership dues) and party chair (who forms strategies for recruiting and retaining party members, and also chairs party meetings). Most of the above positions are also members of the party executive, the leading organization which sets policy for the entire party at the national level. The structure is far more decentralized in the United States because of the separation of powers, federalism and the multiplicity of economic interests and religious sects. Even state parties are decentralized as county and other local committees are largely independent of state central committees. The national party leader in the U.S. will be the president, if the party holds that office, or a prominent member of Congress in opposition (although a big-state governor may aspire to that role). Officially, each party has a chairman for its national committee who is a prominent spokesman, organizer and fund-raiser, but without the status of prominent elected office holders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "William Melville Martin",
"paragraph_text": "A political crisis developed, however, when Premier Martin campaigned for the federal Liberal Party of Canada against the populist Progressives. Martin declared his opposition to a number of Progressive policies during the campaign leading Maharg, a Progressive supporter, to resign from Cabinet. The split in the Martin Cabinet led to the Premier's resignation and his replacement by Charles Dunning.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Neeta Pateriya",
"paragraph_text": "Neeta Pateriya (born 3 November 1962) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. She represents the Seoni constituency of Madhya Pradesh and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "William F. Coolbaugh",
"paragraph_text": "William Findlay Coolbaugh (July 1, 1821 – November 13, 1877) was an American politician and banker from Pennsylvania. After working his way up the ranks at a Philadelphia dry goods house, he began his own store in Burlington, Iowa in 1842. He became active in Iowa politics, serving in the Iowa Senate from 1854 to 1862. In 1855, he was the Democratic Party candidate to the United States Senate, but lost. In 1862, he moved to Chicago, Illinois to set up a banking house which became the Union National Bank of Chicago. Coolbaugh was also the father-in-law of Chief Justice of the United States Melville Fuller. Coolbaugh died of an apparent suicide in 1877.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Rashtriya Swabhiman Party",
"paragraph_text": "The Rashtriya Swabhiman Party (RSP) is a political party in India, previously known as Lok Parivartan Party (LPP). Some of the members from the group are related to the Bahujan Samaj Swabhiman Sangharsh Samiti (BS-4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "First Party System",
"paragraph_text": "The First Party System is a model of American politics used in history and political science to periodize the political party system that existed in the United States between roughly 1792 and 1824. It featured two national parties competing for control of the presidency, Congress, and the states: the Federalist Party, created largely by Alexander Hamilton, and the rival Jeffersonian Democratic - Republican Party, formed by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, usually called at the time the ``Republican Party. ''The Federalists were dominant until 1800, while the Republicans were dominant after 1800.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Political party",
"paragraph_text": "When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of senior fellow members of the parliamentary group to serve as critics of aspects of government policy. When a party becomes the largest party not part of the Government, the party's parliamentary group forms the Official Opposition, with Official Opposition frontbench team members often forming the Official Opposition Shadow cabinet. When a party achieves enough seats in an election to form a majority, the party's frontbench becomes the Cabinet of government ministers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan",
"paragraph_text": "Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan is a member of the 15th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Panchmahal constituency of Gujarat and is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Tukaram Gangadhar Gadakh",
"paragraph_text": "Gadakh Tukaram Gangadhar (born 1 November 1953) is a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represents the Ahmednagar constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) political party.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Rotpartiet",
"paragraph_text": "Rotpartiet (a Swedish term which can be translated as \"Root Party\" or \"Grassroots Party\") is a local political party in the municipality of Åtvidaberg, Sweden. The party was formed ahead of the 1998 elections, by Åke Hjalmarsson. Hjalmarsson was then dissatisfied with the development of the Åtvidaberg Party. The party won 3 seats in the 1998 elections.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Maharashtra",
"paragraph_text": "The politics of the state since its formation in 1960 have been dominated by the Indian National Congress party. Maharashtra became a bastion of the Congress party producing stalwarts such as Yashwantrao Chavan, Vasantdada Patil, Vasantrao Naik and Shankarrao Chavan. Sharad Pawar has been a towering personality in the state and National politics for over forty years. During his career, he has split the Congress twice with significant consequences for the state politics. The Congress party enjoyed a near unchallenged dominance of the political landscape until 1995 when the Shiv Sena and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) secured an overwhelming majority in the state to form a coalition government. After his second parting from the Congress party in 1999, Sharad Pawar formed the NCP but formed a coalition with the Congress to keep out the BJP-Shivsena combine out of the government for fifteen years until September 2014. Prithviraj Chavan of the Congress party was the last Chief Minister of Maharashtra under the Congress / NCP alliance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of the Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_text": "The Liberals are descended from the mid-19th century Reformers who agitated for responsible government throughout British North America. These included George Brown, Robert Baldwin, William Lyon Mackenzie and the Clear Grits in Upper Canada, Joseph Howe in Nova Scotia, and the Patriotes and Rouges in Lower Canada led by figures such as Louis - Joseph Papineau. The Clear Grits and Parti rouge sometimes functioned as a united bloc in the legislature of the Province of Canada beginning in 1854, and a united Liberal Party combining both English and French Canadian members was formed in 1861.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Democratic-Republican Party",
"paragraph_text": "The party selected its presidential candidates in a caucus of members of Congress. They included Thomas Jefferson (nominated 1796; elected 1800 -- 01, 1804), James Madison (1808, 1812), and James Monroe (1816, 1820). By 1824, the caucus system had practically collapsed. After 1800, the party dominated Congress and most state governments outside New England. By 1824, the party was split four ways and lacked a center, as the First Party System collapsed. The emergence of the Second Party System in the 1830s realigned the old factions. One remnant followed Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren into the new Democratic Party by 1828. Another remnant led by John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay formed the National Republicans in 1828; it developed into the Whig Party by 1835.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Poland Comes First",
"paragraph_text": "Poland Comes First (), also rendered as Poland is the Most Important, and abbreviated to PJN, was a centre-right, conservative liberal, political party in Poland. It was formed as a more moderate breakaway group from Law and Justice (PiS). By early 2011, the party had eighteen members of the Sejm, one member of the Senate, and three members of the European Parliament. Poland Comes First ceased to exist as a political party in December 2013, when it joined the new centre-right party led by Jarosław Gowin named Poland Together.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "John Frederick Herman",
"paragraph_text": "John Frederick Herman (April 11, 1889 – February 1950) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Melville from 1938 to 1944 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Social Credit member.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the political party with William Melville Martin as a member formed?
|
[
{
"id": 575522,
"question": "William Melville Martin >> member of political party",
"answer": "Liberal Party of Canada",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 80884,
"question": "when was #1 formed",
"answer": "1861",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
1861
|
[] | true |
2hop__380425_10038
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "During the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, internal borders were redrawn by the Allied military governments. No single state comprised more than 30% of either population or territory; this was intended to prevent any one state from being as dominant within Germany as Prussia had been in the past. Initially, only seven of the pre-War states remained: Baden (in part), Bavaria (reduced in size), Bremen, Hamburg, Hesse (enlarged), Saxony, and Thuringia. The states with hyphenated names, such as Rhineland-Palatinate, North Rhine-Westphalia, and Saxony-Anhalt, owed their existence to the occupation powers and were created out of mergers of former Prussian provinces and smaller states. Former German territory that lie east of the Oder-Neisse Line fell under either Polish or Soviet administration but attempts were made at least symbolically not to abandon sovereignty well into the 1960s. However, no attempts were made to establish new states in these territories as they lay outside the jurisdiction of West Germany at that time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Union territory",
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Tatra County",
"paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tianmu Mountain",
"paragraph_text": "Tianmu Mountain, Mount Tianmu, or Tianmushan () is a mountain in Lin'an County west of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, in eastern China. It is made up of two peaks: West Tianmu () and East Tianmu (). Twin ponds near the top of the peaks led to the name of the mountain. China's Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve lies on the northwest portion of the mountain. It is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve as part of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Program. The mountain has a lush sub-tropical climate with an annual rainfall of and an annual temperature of .",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Ap Lo Chun",
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "26 October Barracks",
"paragraph_text": "26 October Barracks is a former barracks of the Slovenian Armed Forces, located at Stara Vrhnika in Vrhnika Municipality, central Slovenia. It falls under the 25th military-territorial Vrhnika Slovenian Armed Forces Command.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert",
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho",
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen",
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "YMCA",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the YMCA exists as a national resource entity (named YMCA of the USA and denoted as Y - USA) plus about 2,700 separate local YMCA entities. The local entities ``engage ''about 21 million men, women and children, and seek to`` nurture the potential of children and teens, improve the nation's health and well - being and provide opportunities to give back and support neighbors.''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Dallol (woreda)",
"paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Greater Hesse",
"paragraph_text": "Greater Hesse () was the provisional name given for a section of German territory created by the US military administration in at the end of World War II. It was formed by the Allied Control Council on 19 September 1945 and became the modern German state of Hesse on 1 December 1946.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the former name of the city where Lin'an is located?
|
[
{
"id": 380425,
"question": "Lin'an >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Hangzhou",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 10038,
"question": "What was the former name of #1 ?",
"answer": "Qiantang",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Qiantang
|
[] | true |
2hop__143686_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "I've Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts",
"paragraph_text": "The song appeared in I Could Go On Singing (1963), Judy Garland's last film. A portion of the song also appeared in Disney's 1994 The Lion King (sung by Rowan Atkinson). Nicolas Cage also sang part of this song in National Treasure: Book of Secrets. Ringo Starr sang an impromptu version of the song in Magical Mystery Tour, The Beatles' TV special broadcast by the BBC on 26 December 1967. Also, actors Hayden Rorke and Bill Daily performed a few lines of the song on ukulele in the 1969 I Dream of Jeannie episode ``Uncles a Go - Go. In the first episode of the 1977 sitcom Mind Your Language it is mentioned that a professor went crazy and sang this song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chex Quest",
"paragraph_text": "Chex Quest is a non-violent first-person shooter video game created in 1996 by Digital Café as a Chex cereal promotion aimed at children aged 6–9 and up. It is a total conversion of the more violent video game \"Doom\" (specifically \"The Ultimate Doom\" version of the game). \"Chex Quest\" won both the Golden EFFIE Award for Advertising Effectiveness in 1996 and the Golden Reggie Award for Promotional Achievement in 1998, and it is known today for having been the first video game ever to be included in cereal boxes as a prize. The game's cult following has been remarked upon by the press as being composed of unusually devoted fans of this advertising vehicle from a bygone age.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Kelela",
"paragraph_text": "A second-generation Ethiopian American and an only child, Mizanekristos was born in Washington, D.C. on June 4, 1983. Growing up in Gaithersburg, Maryland, she learned to play the violin in fourth grade and sang in her school's choir. In 2001, she graduated from Magruder High School. After transferring from Montgomery College to the American University, Mizanekristos began singing jazz standards at cafés. In 2008, she joined an indie band called Dizzy Spells and sang progressive metal after meeting Tosin Abasi, whom she later dated. In 2010, she moved to Los Angeles, where she currently lives, in addition to London.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Norman Reedus",
"paragraph_text": "Norman Mark Reedus (born January 6, 1969) is an American actor and model, best known for his role as Daryl Dixon on the AMC horror drama series The Walking Dead, and as Murphy MacManus in The Boondock Saints. He has also acted in numerous films, appeared in and created several videos, provided video game voiceovers, and modeled for various fashion designers (most recognizably Prada in the 1990s).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Tony Pigott",
"paragraph_text": "Tony Pigott (born Anthony Charles Shackleton Pigott, 4 June 1958 in Fulham, London), was educated at Harrow School and is a former English cricketer, who played in one Test for England in 1984, when he was called up as an emergency replacement in New Zealand. He was playing provincial cricket there at the time of an injury crisis, although according to Martin Williamson of Cricinfo, Pigott \"would not have been high in the selectors' minds\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Rubbing Doesn't Help",
"paragraph_text": "A promotional EP entitled \"Tracks from Rubbing Doesn't Help\" was released by Play It Again Sam in the United States in 1996 (catalogue number PROMOBIAS 033 CD) with the following track listing:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Don't Leave (Snakehips and MØ song)",
"paragraph_text": "The official music video for the song was released through Snakehips YouTube account on 19 January 2017, and it was directed by Malia James. The music video also features sequences of MØ alongside Italian model Francesco Cuizza.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Compact disc",
"paragraph_text": "SVCD has two-thirds the resolution of DVD, and over 2.7 times the resolution of VCD. One CD-R disc can hold up to 60 minutes of standard quality SVCD-format video. While no specific limit on SVCD video length is mandated by the specification, one must lower the video bit rate, and therefore quality, to accommodate very long videos. It is usually difficult to fit much more than 100 minutes of video onto one SVCD without incurring significant quality loss, and many hardware players are unable to play video with an instantaneous bit rate lower than 300 to 600 kilobits per second.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Warp 11",
"paragraph_text": "In 1996, Karl Miller was working for an Internet broadcasting company, Play TV, making a streaming Internet video show about \"Star Trek\". Karl decided to form a band that only sang songs about \"Star Trek\" to fill time on the show. He had already been in bands with Jeff Hewitt as a teenager and the rest of the band fell into place quickly. Warp 11 formed in 1999 with Karl Miller, Brian Moore, Jeff Hewitt, and Kiki Stockhammer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Neon Lights (Kraftwerk song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Neon Lights\" (original German title: \"Neonlicht\") is a song by Kraftwerk, released in 1978 on their \"The Man-Machine\" album (released in German as \"Die Mensch-Maschine\"). The song was initially a B-side to their single, \"The Model\" (\"Das Model\"), but later the sides were swapped. The 12\" single was pressed on luminous vinyl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Large, the Small and the Human Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The Large, the Small, and the Human Mind is a popular science book by British theoretical physicist Roger Penrose. The book was published by Cambridge University Press in 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "PlayStation 3",
"paragraph_text": "The system displays the What's New screen by default instead of the [Games] menu (or [Video] menu, if a movie was inserted) when starting up. What's New has four sections: \"Our Pick\", \"Recently Played\", latest information and new content available in PlayStation Store. There are four kinds of content the What's New screen displays and links to, on the sections. \"Recently Played\" displays the user's recently played games and online services only, whereas, the other sections can contain website links, links to play videos and access to selected sections of the PlayStation Store.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Press It Up",
"paragraph_text": "\"Press It Up\" is the second single off reggae artist Sean Paul's album, \"Imperial Blaze\". The track was premiered on 11 July 2009 on his official website.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Closing Time (Semisonic song)",
"paragraph_text": "The music video was directed by Chris Applebaum. It features two continuous shots, running side by side on the screen. One side shows the band playing the song in a rehearsal space. The other side features a woman (played by Denise Franco) as the singer Dan Wilson's girlfriend. As the video progresses, Dan and his girlfriend switch sides of screen, as they attempt to meet up. At the end of the video, they both wind up at the same nightclub. However, they still end up missing each other by mere seconds and never meet. The ``trick ''of the video is that each shot was done as one long, continuous shot, with no cuts or editing, and therefore relies on proper timing to get the two sides of the video lined up properly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "NES Play Action Football",
"paragraph_text": "NES Play Action Football is a football video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System. It was developed by TOSE, published by Nintendo, and was released in 1990. The game was also ported to the Game Boy as \"Play Action Football\", and received a follow up on the Super NES titled \"Super Play Action Football\" in 1992.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Valentine's Night",
"paragraph_text": "The film received negative reviews from critics. Avijit Ghosh from Times of India also gave it 3.5/10 stating that \"Valentine's Night ends up like one of those car drivers in the movie who doesn't know where to go and keeps circling the streets of Delhi.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Suga Mama",
"paragraph_text": "The accompanying music video for \"Suga Mama\" was released to British music channels in April 2007. It was shot in black-and-white and was co-directed by Melina Matsoukas alongside Knowles for the B'Day Anthology Video Album, which was released the same month; \"Suga Mama\" was one of eight videos shot in two weeks for the video album. It begins with Knowles sitting in a chair, wearing men's clothing and smoking a cigar. She gets up and begins to pole dance. The remainder of the video presents Knowles dancing on top of a sugar cube, dancing with backing dancers whose faces are partially concealed, lying in a circle of light, and riding a mechanical bull. Knowles said she is meant to \"slowly become a woman\" during the video, adding \"Well, a sexier woman – I'm always a woman.\"Knowles rehearsed the pole dancing using two ballet bars, which was when it was decided to add a pole above her head to form an arc. Though she is from Texas, she had never previously been on mechanical bull. There were no problems during warm-ups, but the man operating the bull during the video shoot programmed it to go faster, causing Knowles to fall off when she tried to perform tricks such as lifting up her foot, leaning back and turning around. To minimize the time Knowles spent on the bull, the director shot the sequence at twelve frames per second (see frame rate) and Knowles sang twice as quickly, but it wasn't until 4:00 am that they completed work.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the model in the video for She Doesn't Mind by the singer of Press it Up?
|
[
{
"id": 143686,
"question": "Who sang or played Press It Up?",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__72156_32505
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Macau",
"paragraph_text": "Macau was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it constituted the last remaining European colony in Asia. Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was leased to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony through a mutual agreement between the two countries. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Portugal",
"paragraph_text": "This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar in 1933. Portugal was one of only five European countries to remain neutral in World War II. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Portugal was a founding member of NATO, OECD and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Gradually, new economic development projects and relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa were initiated, with Angola and Mozambique, as the largest and richest overseas territories, being the main targets of those initiatives. These actions were used to affirm Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation and not as a colonial empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of Brazil",
"paragraph_text": "The first European to colonize what is now the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 / 1468 - c. 1520) on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 (approximately the 46th meridian west) that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Monroe Doctrine",
"paragraph_text": "The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as ``the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ''At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Portugal",
"paragraph_text": "The Portuguese language is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago—particularly the Celts, Tartessians, Lusitanians and Iberians. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the language spread worldwide as Portugal established a colonial and commercial empire between 1415 and 1999. Portuguese is now spoken as a native language in five different continents, with Brazil accounting for the largest number of native Portuguese speakers of any country (200 million speakers in 2012).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "Not a maritime power, and not a nation-state, as it would eventually become, Germany’s participation in Western imperialism was negligible until the late 19th century. The participation of Austria was primarily as a result of Habsburg control of the First Empire, the Spanish throne, and other royal houses.[further explanation needed] After the defeat of Napoleon, who caused the dissolution of that Holy Roman Empire, Prussia and the German states continued to stand aloof from imperialism, preferring to manipulate the European system through the Concert of Europe. After Prussia unified the other states into the second German Empire after the Franco-German War, its long-time Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck (1862–90), long opposed colonial acquisitions, arguing that the burden of obtaining, maintaining, and defending such possessions would outweigh any potential benefits. He felt that colonies did not pay for themselves, that the German bureaucratic system would not work well in the tropics and the diplomatic disputes over colonies would distract Germany from its central interest, Europe itself.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Imperialism",
"paragraph_text": "Imperialism has played an important role in the histories of Japan, Korea, the Assyrian Empire, the Chinese Empire, the Roman Empire, Greece, the Byzantine Empire, the Persian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Ancient Egypt, the British Empire, India, and many other empires. Imperialism was a basic component to the conquests of Genghis Khan during the Mongol Empire, and of other war-lords. Historically recognized Muslim empires number in the dozens. Sub-Saharan Africa has also featured dozens of empires that predate the European colonial era, for example the Ethiopian Empire, Oyo Empire, Asante Union, Luba Empire, Lunda Empire, and Mutapa Empire. The Americas during the pre-Columbian era also had large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Colonial empire",
"paragraph_text": "The British Empire, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest empire in history by virtue of the improved transportation technologies of the time. At its height, the British Empire covered a quarter of the Earth's land area and comprised a quarter of its population. During the New Imperialism, Italy and Germany also built their colonial empires in Africa.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "Though Britain and the empire emerged victorious from the Second World War, the effects of the conflict were profound, both at home and abroad. Much of Europe, a continent that had dominated the world for several centuries, was in ruins, and host to the armies of the United States and the Soviet Union, who now held the balance of global power. Britain was left essentially bankrupt, with insolvency only averted in 1946 after the negotiation of a $US 4.33 billion loan (US$56 billion in 2012) from the United States, the last instalment of which was repaid in 2006. At the same time, anti-colonial movements were on the rise in the colonies of European nations. The situation was complicated further by the increasing Cold War rivalry of the United States and the Soviet Union. In principle, both nations were opposed to European colonialism. In practice, however, American anti-communism prevailed over anti-imperialism, and therefore the United States supported the continued existence of the British Empire to keep Communist expansion in check. The \"wind of change\" ultimately meant that the British Empire's days were numbered, and on the whole, Britain adopted a policy of peaceful disengagement from its colonies once stable, non-Communist governments were available to transfer power to. This was in contrast to other European powers such as France and Portugal, which waged costly and ultimately unsuccessful wars to keep their empires intact. Between 1945 and 1965, the number of people under British rule outside the UK itself fell from 700 million to five million, three million of whom were in Hong Kong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Southern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "European overseas expansion led to the rise of colonial empires, producing the Columbian Exchange. The combination of resource inflows from the New World and the Industrial Revolution of Great Britain, allowed a new economy based on manufacturing instead of subsistence agriculture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "History of South Africa",
"paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Portugal",
"paragraph_text": "With the occupation by Napoleon, Portugal began a slow but inexorable decline that lasted until the 20th century. This decline was hastened by the independence in 1822 of the country's largest colonial possession, Brazil. In 1807, as Napoleon's army closed in on Lisbon, the Prince Regent João VI of Portugal transferred his court to Brazil and established Rio de Janeiro as the capital of the Portuguese Empire. In 1815, Brazil was declared a Kingdom and the Kingdom of Portugal was united with it, forming a pluricontinental State, the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was \"the most effective strategic weapon\", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, \"We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe\". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his \"empire\" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Dutch Republic",
"paragraph_text": "During the Dutch Golden Age in the late 16th century onward, the Dutch Republic dominated world trade in the 17th century, conquering a vast colonial empire and operating the largest fleet of merchantmen of any nation. The County of Holland was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic, cultural, political and military forces in the world of its time. It was one of the largest empires in world history. At its height under Trajan, it covered 5 million square kilometres. It held sway over an estimated 70 million people, at that time 21% of the world's entire population. The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language, culture, religion, inventions, architecture, philosophy, law and forms of government on the empire's descendants. Throughout the European medieval period, attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire, including the Empire of Romania, a Crusader state; and the Holy Roman Empire. By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance, and their descendant states, Greco - Roman and Judaeo - Christian culture was exported on a worldwide scale, playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Austria-Hungary",
"paragraph_text": "Austria-Hungary was a multinational state and one of Europe's major powers at the time. Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe after the Russian Empire, at , and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The Empire built up the fourth-largest machine building industry of the world, after the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Austria-Hungary also became the world's third largest manufacturer and exporter of electric home appliances, electric industrial appliances and power generation apparatus for power plants, after the United States and the German Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of their own in the Americas and Asia. A series of wars in the 17th and 18th centuries with the Netherlands and France left England (and then, following union between England and Scotland in 1707, Great Britain) the dominant colonial power in North America and India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ottoman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Ottoman Islamic legal system was set up differently from traditional European courts. Presiding over Islamic courts would be a Qadi, or judge. Since the closing of the ijtihad, or Gate of Interpretation, Qadis throughout the Ottoman Empire focused less on legal precedent, and more with local customs and traditions in the areas that they administered. However, the Ottoman court system lacked an appellate structure, leading to jurisdictional case strategies where plaintiffs could take their disputes from one court system to another until they achieved a ruling that was in their favor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Northern Seven Years' War",
"paragraph_text": "William Pitt, who entered the cabinet in 1756, had a grand vision for the war that made it entirely different from previous wars with France. As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India. Britain's main weapon was the Royal Navy, which could control the seas and bring as many invasion troops as were needed. He also planned to use colonial forces from the Thirteen American colonies, working under the command of British regulars, to invade new France. In order to tie the French army down he subsidized his European allies. Pitt Head of the government from 1756 to 1761, and even after that the British continued his strategy. It proved completely successful. Pitt had a clear appreciation of the enormous value of imperial possessions, and realized how vulnerable was the French Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Age of Empires III",
"paragraph_text": "The game portrays the European colonization of the Americas, between approximately 1492 and 1876 AD. There are fourteen civilizations to play within the game. Age of Empires III has made several innovations in the series, in particular with the addition of the \"Home City\", which combines real-time strategy and role-playing features. Two expansion packs have been released: the first, Age of Empires III: The WarChiefs, was released on October 17, 2006, and introduced three Native American civilizations; the second, Age of Empires III: The Asian Dynasties, was released on October 23, 2007, and included three Asian civilizations.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What strategy could have worked against the european country with the largest colonial empire?
|
[
{
"id": 72156,
"question": "which european country has the largest colonial empire",
"answer": "The British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 32505,
"question": "What strategy could have worked against #1 ?",
"answer": "strangle British sea communications",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
strangle British sea communications
|
[] | true |
2hop__155827_84254
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Rural Municipality of Armstrong",
"paragraph_text": "Armstrong is a rural municipality in the province of Manitoba in Western Canada. It lies in the southern area of the Interlake and was named after James William Armstrong, a Manitoba politician.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Roundhead Township, Hardin County, Ohio",
"paragraph_text": "Roundhead Township is one of the fifteen townships of Hardin County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 720.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Lil Hardin Armstrong",
"paragraph_text": "Lillian \"Lil\" Hardin Armstrong (née Hardin; February 3, 1898 – August 27, 1971) was a jazz pianist, composer, arranger, singer, and bandleader. She was the second wife of Louis Armstrong, with whom she collaborated on many recordings in the 1920s.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wonders of a Godless World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Wonders of a Godless World\" was first published in Australia in October 2009 by Allen & Unwin in trade paperback format. It was released in the United Kingdom in May 2010 by Blue Door. \"Wonders of a Godless World\" won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Luv Is Rage 2",
"paragraph_text": "Luv Is Rage 2 is the debut studio album by American rapper Lil Uzi Vert. It was released on August 25, 2017, by Generation Now and Atlantic Records. The album serves as a sequel to Uzi Vert's commercial debut mixtape Luv Is Rage (2015). It features guest appearances from The Weeknd, Oh Wonder and Pharrell Williams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Armstrong Lie",
"paragraph_text": "The Armstrong Lie is a 2013 American documentary film directed by Alex Gibney about the cyclist Lance Armstrong. Originally titled \"The Road Back\", the film takes its name from \"\"Le Mensonge Armstrong\"\", the headline of the August 23, 2005 issue of the French newspaper \"L'Équipe\". The film was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival and in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World",
"paragraph_text": "The Seven Wonders of the World or the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a list of remarkable constructions of classical antiquity given by various authors in guidebooks or poems popular among ancient Hellenic tourists. Although the list, in its current form, did not stabilise until the Renaissance, the first such lists of seven wonders date from the 1st - 2nd century BC. The original list inspired innumerable versions through the ages, often listing seven entries. Of the original Seven Wonders, only one -- the Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu, after the pharaoh who built it), the oldest of the ancient wonders -- remains relatively intact. The Colossus of Rhodes, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus were all destroyed. The location and ultimate fate of the Hanging Gardens are unknown, and there is speculation that they may not have existed at all.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Machu Picchu",
"paragraph_text": "Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide Internet poll.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Wonderful World ''(occasionally referred to as`` (What A) Wonderful World'') is a song by American singer - songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960 by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen Records. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and ``Wonderful World, ''then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Lynn Township, Hardin County, Ohio",
"paragraph_text": "Lynn Township is one of the fifteen townships of Hardin County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 572.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Eli Bowen",
"paragraph_text": "Eli Bowen (October 14, 1844 – May 4, 1924) was an American sideshow performer known as \"The Legless Wonder\", or \"The Legless Acrobat\". He was also billed as \"The Handsomest Man in Showbiz\" and the \"Wonder of the Wide, Wide World\". His peak weight was , his height - .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Goshen Township, Hardin County, Ohio",
"paragraph_text": "Goshen Township is one of the fifteen townships of Hardin County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 562.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Hookers Bend, Tennessee",
"paragraph_text": "Hookers Bend is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Tennessee. Hookers Bend is located north of Savannah near a bend in the Tennessee River. The community is named after founder John Hooker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "William Armstrong, Baron Armstrong of Sanderstead",
"paragraph_text": "The son of William Armstrong and Priscilla Hopkins, he was born in Clapton in London. Armstrong was educated at Bec School in Tooting and Exeter College, Oxford. From 1938 to 1943, Armstrong worked for the Board of Education.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saratoga, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Saratoga is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Texas, United States. It is located northwest of Beaumont. The ZIP code is 77585.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Wonder Woman (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2 - 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name. The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman / Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr. It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979. The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II. The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner. Waggoner's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr., the son of his original character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Helen Hardin",
"paragraph_text": "Helen Hardin was born in May 28, 1943 in Albuquerque, New Mexico, the daughter of Pablita Velarde, Santa Clara Pueblo artist, and Herbert Hardin, a European-American former police officer and Chief of Public Safety. Hardin's first language was Tewa. She was named Tsa-Sah-Wee-Eh at a naming ceremony at the Santa Clara Pueblo about a month after she was born. Hardin was raised by her artistic mother and her family at the Santa Clara Pueblo and she went to school and lived among the Anglo world for much of her life. She saw herself as \"Anglo socially and Indian in [her] art.\" At six years of age Hardin won first prize for a drawing. Her works were sold when she was nine with her mother's at Gallup ceremonial events. Although she was influenced by her mother's techniques and works, Hardin wanted to create her own style. Her relationship with her mother became increasingly difficult as Hardin became more artistic and as a consequence of her parents' divorce in 1957 or 1959.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot, Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya. Wonder Woman is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. Jenkins's role as director makes her the first female director of a studio superhero comic book live - action theatrical release film. The film tells the story of Princess Diana, who grows up on the Amazon island of Themyscira. After American pilot Steve Trevor crashes offshore of the island and is rescued by her, he tells the Amazons about the ongoing World War. Diana then leaves her home in order to end the conflict, becoming Wonder Woman in the process.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Armstrong Reef",
"paragraph_text": "Armstrong Reef is a reef that encompasses a large number of ice-free plutonic islets and rocks, extending for from the south-west end of Renaud Island, in the Biscoe Islands of Antarctica. It was first accurately shown on an Argentine government chart of 1957, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Terence Armstrong, a British sea ice specialist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''Single by Louis Armstrong from the album What a Wonderful World B - side`` Cabaret'' Released October 18, 1967 Format 7 ''Recorded August 16, 1967 Genre Traditional pop jazz Length 2: 21 Label ABC 10982, HMV Songwriter (s) Bob Thiele (as George Douglas) George David Weiss Producer (s) Bob Thiele Louis Armstrong singles chronology ``Mi va de cantare'' (1967)`` What a Wonderful World ''(1967) ``Hello Brother'' (1968)`` Mi va de cantare ''(1967) ``What a Wonderful World'' (1967)`` Hello Brother ''(1968)",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When did the spouse of Lil Hardin Armstrong make What a Wonderful World?
|
[
{
"id": 155827,
"question": "What is Lil Hardin Armstrong's spouse's name?",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 84254,
"question": "when did #1 make what a wonderful world",
"answer": "August 16, 1967",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
August 16, 1967
|
[] | true |
2hop__142040_135045
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows",
"paragraph_text": "Date: Feb 5, 2017 Location: NRG Stadium (Houston, Texas) Performer: Lady Gaga Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi Zero Sugar References: Setlist: ``God Bless America ''/`` This Land Is Your Land'' ``Poker Face ''`` Born This Way'' ``Telephone ''`` Just Dance'' ``Million Reasons ''`` Bad Romance''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Just Dance (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Just Dance ''is the debut single by American singer Lady Gaga. The song was produced by RedOne and co-written by RedOne, Gaga and Akon, while also featuring labelmate Colby O'Donis. It was released in 2008 as the lead single from Gaga's debut studio album, The Fame. The song was written by Gaga in 10 minutes as`` a happy record''. ``Just Dance ''also has influences of R&B and lyrically speaks about being intoxicated at a club.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Lady (Hear Me Tonight)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Lady (Hear Me Tonight)\" is the debut single by French house duo Modjo, written and performed by vocalist Yann Destagnol and producer Romain Tranchart. It was released in June 25, 2000 as the lead single from the duo's self-titled debut studio album. It became a major worldwide success, topping at least 10 music charts, including those of Ireland, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It also topped the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart in January 2001.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Never Gonna Be Another One",
"paragraph_text": "Never Gonna Be Another One is Thelma Houston's eleventh studio album, released in 1981. While the album did not make an impact on the pop charts, the album performed better in the urban and club/dance music markets. It includes the two major Hot Dance/Club Play chart hits, \"If You Feel It\" (#6) and \"96 Tears\" (#22). Both singles gained moderate radio play.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Dance in Cambodia",
"paragraph_text": "Cambodia's premier performing art form is the Khmer classical dance, or Robam Preah Reach Trop, a highly stylized dance form originating from the royal courts. Performances of classical dance consist of elaborately costumed dancers and music played by a pinpeat ensemble. It is performed for invocation of deities and spirits as well as to pay homage to royalty and guests. In the mid-20th century, it was introduced to the general public and became widely celebrated as iconic of Cambodian culture, often being performed during public events, holidays, and for tourists visiting Cambodia. Two of the most performed classical dance are the Robam Chuon Por (``Wishing dance '') and the Robam Tep Apsara (`` Apsara dance'').",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "That Lady (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``That Lady ''is a 1973 R&B and soul song by The Isley Brothers, released on their T - Neck imprint. The song was originally performed by the group nearly a decade before in 1964 (released as`` Who's That Lady?'') inspired by The Impressions. After signing with Epic Records in 1973, the eldest members of the group (O'Kelly Isley, Jr., Rudolph Isley and Ronald Isley) had included younger members, guitarist Ernie Isley, bassist Marvin Isley and keyboardist / pianist Chris Jasper, as official members. In a response to this transformation, the group gave themselves the moniker of 3 + 3, describing the three original vocalists in the group and three recruited instrumentalists, inspiring the album title that came out that year. They performed the song on Soul Train on December 14, 1974.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Beyoncé",
"paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Sophie Ellis-Bextor",
"paragraph_text": "Ellis-Bextor was born in London to Janet Ellis, who was later a presenter on BBC's children's television programmes \"Blue Peter\" and \"Jigsaw\", and Robin Bextor, a film producer and director: they separated when she was four. As a child, Ellis-Bextor occasionally appeared on \"Blue Peter\" alongside her mother, who presented the programme.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Emma Willis",
"paragraph_text": "On 5 July 2008, Emma Griffiths married Busted member Matt Willis at Rushton Hall, Northamptonshire, after three years of dating. The wedding was featured in OK magazine. She gave birth to their first child, a daughter called Isabelle, in June 2009. In November 2011, the couple had a second child, a son called Ace, and in May 2016, Willis gave birth to her third child, a girl called Trixie.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "It's in Your Eyes",
"paragraph_text": "\"It's in Your Eyes\" is a single performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the second single from his album \"Dance into the Light\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Get Away (Bobby Brown song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Get Away\" is a song performed and co-written by Bobby Brown, issued as the third single from his album \"Bobby\". In 1993, the song peaked at #14 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, as well as reaching #1 on the \"Billboard\" dance chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Suicide: Alan Vega and Martin Rev",
"paragraph_text": "Suicide: Alan Vega and Martin Rev is the second studio album by the American band Suicide. The album was produced by Ric Ocasek of The Cars for Ze Records in 1980. Recorded in January 1980, Ocasek gave keyboardist Martin Rev new equipment to perform on while Alan Vega distanced himself from the album musically to concentrate on the vocals. Michael Zilkha of Ze pushed to give the album a more dance music oriented sound, hoping that disco musician Giorgio Moroder would produce the album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dance into the Light (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Dance into the Light\" is a song performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the first single from the album \"Dance into the Light\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "If I Can't Dance",
"paragraph_text": "\"If I Can't Dance\" is a song by British recording artist Sophie Ellis-Bextor for her third studio album, \"Trip the Light Fantastic\" (2007). It was written by Ellis-Bextor and Dimitri Tikovoi, while production was handled by Tikovi, with additional production by Brio Taliaferro and Jeremy Wheatley. It is a dance-pop, electropop and disco song and a reference to the famous misquotation of Emma Goldman, \"If I can't dance, I don't want to be part of your revolution\", which nevertheless summarizes what she did say.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Can't Stop (After 7 song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Stop\" is a song performed by After 7, issued as the fourth single from the group's eponymous debut album. It is the group's highest charting single, peaking at #6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 1990. The song also became the group's second #1 R&B single, as well as peaking at #25 on the dance charts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Breakadawn",
"paragraph_text": "\"Breakadawn\" is a 1993 single by hip hop group De La Soul, released from their third album \"Buhloone Mindstate\". The song samples \"Quiet Storm\" by Smokey Robinson. The song also samples the intro to Michael Jackson's \"I Can't Help It\" (from his \"Off the Wall\" album). Additionally the song samples \"Sang and Dance\" by The Bar-Kays.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Can't Go Back (Fleetwood Mac song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Go Back\" is a song by British-American rock group Fleetwood Mac. It was written and performed by guitarist Lindsey Buckingham for the 1982 album \"Mirage\", the fourth issued by the band with Buckingham as main producer. An instrumental demo of \"Can't Go Back\" appears on the 2016 deluxe edition of \"Mirage\" under the working title \"Suma's Walk\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Princess Dowager Liu",
"paragraph_text": "Lady Liu gave birth to Zhang Tianxi in 346. That year, Zhang Jun died. Nothing is known about her life between that year and 363, when Zhang Tianxi seized the throne from his nephew Zhang Xuanjing (Duke Jingdao) and honored her as princess dowager. (The exact title he honored her with is disputed historically; \"Zizhi Tongjian\" gave it as \"Taifei\" (太妃, translate as princess dowager), while \"Shiliuguo Chunqiu\" gave it as \"Taihou\" (太后, translate as queen dowager or empress dowager).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Danzón (Dance On)",
"paragraph_text": "Danzón (Dance On) is an album by Arturo Sandoval, released through GRP Records in 1994. In 1995, the award won Sandoval the Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Performance and the Billboard Latin Music Award for Latin Jazz Album of the Year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Inside Outside (Sophie Monk song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Inside Outside\" is a pop–dance song performed by Australian singer Sophie Monk, and was the first single from her debut album \"Calendar Girl\" (2003). It was written and produced by Steve Mac and Rob Davis.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which lady gave birth to the performer of the album If I Can't Dance?
|
[
{
"id": 142040,
"question": "To which performer does the album If I Can't Dance belong?",
"answer": "Sophie Ellis-Bextor",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 135045,
"question": "Which lady gave birth to #1 ?",
"answer": "Janet Ellis",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Janet Ellis
|
[] | true |
2hop__505906_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Stuck on You (Lionel Richie song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Stuck on You\" is a song written by and originally recorded by Lionel Richie. It was the fourth single released from his second studio album \"Can't Slow Down\" released on May 1, 1984, by Motown, and achieved chart success, particularly in the U.S. and the UK, where it peaked at number three and number 12, respectively. The song differs from Richie's other compositions, as it displays a country pop influence rather than R&B. As such, the single's cover photo shows Richie wearing a cowboy hat, and indeed, \"Stuck on You\" peaked at number 24 on the country chart. \"Stuck on You\" reached number one on the Adult Contemporary chart, Richie's seventh chart topper. The song marks Lionel Richie's country music debut.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the performer of Stuck on You a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 505906,
"question": "Stuck on You >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__710186_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "My Love (Lionel Richie song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"My Love\" is the title of a 1983 hit song by the American singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. It was the third single released off Richie's self-titled debut solo album. The song features harmony backing vocals by country music singer Kenny Rogers. It reached the Top 10 on three notable \"Billboard\" magazine charts in the spring of 1983: on the pop chart, the song peaked at # 5; on the adult contemporary chart, the song spent four weeks at # 1; and on the R&B chart, the song topped out at # 6. \"My Love\" was not among Richie's more successful singles in the United Kingdom, where it only managed # 70 on the UK Singles Chart. In Canada in peaked on the RPM Singles chart at #28.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Matinee Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The Matinee Idol is a 1928 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra, and starring Bessie Love and Johnnie Walker. A Broadway star falls in love with a woman who does not know his real identity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
In what season of American Idol was the performer of My Love a guest judge?
|
[
{
"id": 710186,
"question": "My Love >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__123532_700310
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Uppsala University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Uppsala University Library () at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, consists of 11 subject libraries, one of which is housed in the old main library building, Carolina Rediviva. The library holds books and periodicals, manuscripts, musical scores, pictures and maps.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen was born in Tiefenbronn on 23 October 1545, the fourth child of Hans Dietrich von Gemmingen and his wife Magdalena. He probably spent his early years in the Weinfelden Castle, before his father sold it to the Fugger family in 1555. He studied in Italy before enrolling in the University of Ingolstadt in 1565.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Otto's Pub & Brewery",
"paragraph_text": "Otto's Pub & Brewery is a brewpub in State College, Pennsylvania, USA. It first opened in 2002 and has been at its current location since 2010. It is located approximately three miles from the main campus of the Pennsylvania State University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Brooklyn College",
"paragraph_text": "Brooklyn College is a public college in Brooklyn, New York City. It is part of the City University of New York.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Aneek Chatterjee",
"paragraph_text": "Aneek Chatterjee graduated from Presidency College. He completed his MA from the same college and did M.Phil. at Calcutta University. He did Ph.D. at Jadavpur University on the topic \"India-U.S. Relations at the End of the Twentieth Century\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Otto von Friesen",
"paragraph_text": "Otto von Friesen (born 11 May 1870 in Kulltorp, died 10 September 1942) was a linguist, runologist and professor of the Swedish language at Uppsala University from 1906-1935. He was also a member of the Swedish Academy from 1929-1942, serving in Chair 9.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Bismarck monument",
"paragraph_text": "From 1868 onwards, Bismarck monuments were erected in many parts of the German Empire in honour of the long-serving Prussian minister-president and first German \"Reichskanzler\", Prince Otto von Bismarck. Today some of these monuments are on the soil of other countries including France, Poland and Russia as well as the former German colonies on other continents.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Paul Otto (historian)",
"paragraph_text": "Paul Otto is a professor of American history at George Fox University, and a noted researcher in the area of Dutch-Native American relations and wampum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Bismarck Mausoleum",
"paragraph_text": "The Bismarck Mausoleum is the mausoleum of Prince Otto von Bismarck and his wife Johanna von Puttkamer. It is on the Schneckenberg hill just outside Friedrichsruh in northern Germany. Bismarck was the first Chancellor of Germany (1871–1890). The chapel is now a protected monument.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Eckehard Specht",
"paragraph_text": "Eckehard Specht is a professor in Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany. He belongs to Institute of Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics (ISUT) department. His specializations are Combustion technology, heat and mass transfer, chemical process engineering, global warming, and ceramic materials.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Otto von Botenlauben",
"paragraph_text": "Otto von Botenlauben or Botenlouben (1177, Henneberg – before 1245, near Bad Kissingen), the Count of Henneberg from 1206, was a German minnesinger, Crusader and monastic founder.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Peter von Heydebreck",
"paragraph_text": "Hans-Adam Otto von Heydebreck, called Peter von Heydebreck (1 July 1889, in Köslin – 30 June 1934, in Stadelheim Prison) was a German Freikorps- and SA leader, member of the Reichstag and a national socialist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld",
"paragraph_text": "Rudolf Otto von Ottenfeld (21 July 1856, Verona – 26 July 1913, Prague) was an Austrian military painter, a founding member of the Vienna Secession and a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Helmuth von Glasenapp",
"paragraph_text": "Otto Max Helmuth von Glasenapp (8 September 1891 – 25 June 1963) was a German indologist and religious scholar who taught as a professor at the University of Konigsberg in East Prussia (1928–1944) and Tübingen (1946–1959).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Monika von Habsburg",
"paragraph_text": "Monika von Habsburg (\"née\" Monika Maria Roberta Antonia Raphaela Habsburg-Lothringen), Duchess de Santangelo (born 13 September 1954, in Würzburg), the daughter of Otto von Habsburg and Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Devious Path",
"paragraph_text": "The Devious Path (German: Abwege) is a 1928 German silent drama film directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst and starring Gustav Diessl, Brigitte Helm and Hertha von Walther. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Otto Erdmann and Hans Sohnle. Location shooting took place at the Markgrafentheater Erlangen in Bavaria. It was made by the German subsidiary of Universal Pictures. It premiered at the Marmorhaus in Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen",
"paragraph_text": "Johann Otto von Gemmingen (23 October 1545 – 6 October 1598) was the Bishop of Augsburg from 1591 to 1598.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg",
"paragraph_text": "Graf Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg () (5 June 1766, Reval, Governorate of Estonia – 18 April 1850, Paris, France) was a Russian diplomat of Baltic-German descent, and was the son of Otto Magnus von Stackelberg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Andrea von Habsburg",
"paragraph_text": "Andrea von Habsburg (\"Andrea Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen\") Archduchess of Austria, Hereditary Countess of Neipperg, (born 30 May 1953, in Würzburg, Bavaria), is the first child and oldest daughter of Otto von Habsburg and his wife, Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Otto Binge",
"paragraph_text": "Otto Binge, (born 19 May 1895, died 18 July 1982) was an SS-Standartenführer during World War II and a commander of the SS Division Götz von Berlichingen and the SS Polizei Division.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the library called at the place Otto von Friesen was tenured?
|
[
{
"id": 123532,
"question": "Which college or university is related with Otto von Friesen?",
"answer": "Uppsala University",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 700310,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Uppsala University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Uppsala University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__186692_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Don't Leave (Snakehips and MØ song)",
"paragraph_text": "The official music video for the song was released through Snakehips YouTube account on 19 January 2017, and it was directed by Malia James. The music video also features sequences of MØ alongside Italian model Francesco Cuizza.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Never Gonna Be Another One",
"paragraph_text": "Never Gonna Be Another One is Thelma Houston's eleventh studio album, released in 1981. While the album did not make an impact on the pop charts, the album performed better in the urban and club/dance music markets. It includes the two major Hot Dance/Club Play chart hits, \"If You Feel It\" (#6) and \"96 Tears\" (#22). Both singles gained moderate radio play.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "It Never Entered My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "``It Never Entered My Mind ''Song from Higher and Higher Published 1940 Songwriter (s) Lorenz Hart Composer (s) Richard Rodgers",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Never Gonna Be the Same",
"paragraph_text": "\"Never Gonna Be the Same\" is a reggae–dancehall song written by Sean Paul for his third album \"The Trinity\" (2005). It is the fifth international single taken from the album. It is a tribute to his murdered friend, Daddigon. It was a split single with \"Give It Up to Me\", which was released in its place in the US. The single reached the top 10 in France upon its release. It was digitally released in the UK on 10 July 2006, with its physical release on 17 July 2006. The single peaked at #22 there, Paul's lowest chart peak there since the first release of \"Gimme the Light\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Eat Me Raw",
"paragraph_text": "Eat Me Raw (formerly Eatmewhileimhot!) was an American experimental band, formed in Joplin, Missouri in 2008. The band released two albums and two extended plays. Band members were better known for performing as the indie rock band, Never Shout Never.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Dancing in the Dark (Bruce Springsteen song)",
"paragraph_text": "Directed by Brian De Palma, the video was shot at the Saint Paul Civic Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on June 28 and 29, 1984. The first night was a pure video shot, the second was on the opening date of the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band performed the song twice during that show to allow Brian De Palma to get all the footage he needed. The video is a straight performance video, with Springsteen not playing a guitar, allowing him to invite a young woman from the audience, performed by Courteney Cox, to dance along with him on the stage at the end. In September 1985, the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Stage Performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Timber (Pitbull song)",
"paragraph_text": "Kesha filmed her scenes on November 5, 2013 while Pitbull filmed his scenes one week later on November 12, 2013. The video also features a cameo by Italian model Raffaella Modugno and The Bloody Jug Band, an Orlando - based Americana Group, who perform on stage as the bar's house band. The beach scenes were filmed in Exuma islands, Bahamas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall",
"paragraph_text": "``A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall ''is a song written by Bob Dylan in the summer of 1962 and recorded later that year for his second album The Freewheelin 'Bob Dylan. Its lyrical structure is thematically complex and modeled after the question and answer form of traditional ballads such as`` Lord Randall''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cotton Comes to Harlem",
"paragraph_text": "Cotton Comes to Harlem is an action film co-written and directed in 1970 by Ossie Davis and starring Godfrey Cambridge, Raymond St. Jacques, and Redd Foxx. The film is based on Chester Himes' novel of the same name. The opening theme, \"Ain't Now But It's Gonna Be\" was written by Ossie Davis and performed by Melba Moore. It was followed two years later by the sequel \"Come Back, Charleston Blue\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Never Gonna Give You Up",
"paragraph_text": "``Never Gonna Give You Up ''is a single by Rick Astley, released in 1987, written and produced by Stock Aitken Waterman. The song was released as the first single from his debut album, Whenever You Need Somebody (1987). The song was a worldwide number - one hit, initially in the singer's native United Kingdom in 1987, where it stayed at the top of the chart for five weeks and was the best - selling single of that year. It eventually topped the charts in 25 countries, including the United States and West Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Barbie: Game Girl",
"paragraph_text": "Barbie: Game Girl is a 2D action platformer video game released in 1992 for the Game Boy based on the Barbie doll franchise. The game's title screen presents background music that is basically an instrumental version of the early 1990s pop music tune \"Gonna Make You Sweat (Everybody Dance Now)\" by C+C Music Factory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Waitin' on Sundown",
"paragraph_text": "Waitin' on Sundown is the third studio album of country music duo Brooks & Dunn. Released in 1994 on Arista Records, it produced the hit singles \"She's Not the Cheatin' Kind\", \"I'll Never Forgive My Heart\", \"Little Miss Honky Tonk\", \"You're Gonna Miss Me When I'm Gone\", and \"Whiskey Under the Bridge\". Respectively, these songs peaked at #1, #6, #1, #1, and #5 on the Hot Country Songs charts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Amelia Rose",
"paragraph_text": "Amelia Rose Baldwin (born August 1, 1987) is an American film and television actress, best known for her portrayal of southern sweetheart Sarah-Sue in the Cannes Film Festival film \"FSNF\". She has also guest starred on \"Hawaii Five-0\", \"Grimm\", \"Criminal Minds\", \"Sullivan & Son\", \"Zach Stone Is Gonna Be Famous\" and others.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "But Forever in My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "But Forever in My Mind () is a 1999 Italian comedy film directed by Gabriele Muccino. Its original Italian title translates into \"Like you, nobody, never\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Debbie Taylor",
"paragraph_text": "Maydie Myles (born Maddie Bell Galvin, June 23, 1947) is an American soul and jazz singer who is highly acclaimed for her recordings in the 1960s and 1970s when she was known professionally as Debbie Taylor. Her most successful record, \"Never Gonna Let Him Know\", reached the \"Billboard\" pop chart in 1969.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mind Your Own Business (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Mind Your Own Business ''Single by Hank Williams B - side`` There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight'' Released July 1949 Recorded March 1, 1949 Studio Castle Studio, Nashville Genre Country, blues, rock and roll Length 2: 47 Label MGM Songwriter (s) Hank Williams Producer (s) Fred Rose Hank Williams singles chronology ``Wedding Bells ''(1949)`` Mind Your Own Business'' (1949) ``You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave) ''(1949)`` Wedding Bells'' (1949) ``Mind Your Own Business ''(1949)`` You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave)'' (1949)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Norman Reedus",
"paragraph_text": "Norman Mark Reedus (born January 6, 1969) is an American actor and model, best known for his role as Daryl Dixon on the AMC horror drama series The Walking Dead, and as Murphy MacManus in The Boondock Saints. He has also acted in numerous films, appeared in and created several videos, provided video game voiceovers, and modeled for various fashion designers (most recognizably Prada in the 1990s).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who was the model in the video by the performer of "Never Gonna be the Same"?
|
[
{
"id": 186692,
"question": "Never Gonna Be the Same >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__70236_84254
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "New7Wonders of the World",
"paragraph_text": "New7Wonders of the World (2000 -- 2007) was a campaign started in 2000 to choose Wonders of the World from a selection of 200 existing monuments. The popularity poll was led by Canadian - Swiss Bernard Weber and organized by the New7Wonders Foundation based in Zurich, Switzerland, with winners announced on 7 July 2007 in Lisbon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Wonderful World ''(occasionally referred to as`` (What A) Wonderful World'') is a song by American singer - songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960 by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen Records. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and ``Wonderful World, ''then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Eli Bowen",
"paragraph_text": "Eli Bowen (October 14, 1844 – May 4, 1924) was an American sideshow performer known as \"The Legless Wonder\", or \"The Legless Acrobat\". He was also billed as \"The Handsomest Man in Showbiz\" and the \"Wonder of the Wide, Wide World\". His peak weight was , his height - .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Heaven Help Us All",
"paragraph_text": "``Heaven Help Us All ''is a 1970 soul single composed by Ron Miller and first performed by Motown singer Stevie Wonder. The song, which showcased a departure from Wonder's earlier works by displaying an earthier, gospel - infused sound, continued Wonder's string of Top 10 singles on the pop charts reaching # 9 on the Hot 100 singles chart and # 2 on the R&B, the latter causing it to be his first runner - up since`` Yester - Me, Yester - You, Yesterday''. It was one of four hits Wonder scored from his Signed, Sealed & Delivered album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Wonder Woman",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman's origin story relates that she was sculpted from clay by her mother Queen Hippolyta and given life by Aphrodite, along with superhuman powers as gifts by the Greek gods. In recent years, DC changed her background with the revelation that she is the daughter of Zeus and Hippolyta, jointly raised by her mother and her aunts Antiope and Menalippe. In the 1980s artist George Perez gave her a muscular look and emphasized her Amazonian heritage. Wonder Woman's Amazonian training helped to develop a wide range of extraordinary skills in tactics, hunting, and combat. She possesses an arsenal of advanced technology, including the Lasso of Truth, a pair of indestructible bracelets, a tiara which serves as a projectile, and, in older stories, a range of devices based on Amazon technology. Wonder Woman's character was created during World War II; the character in the story was initially depicted fighting Axis military forces as well as an assortment of colorful supervillains, although over time her stories came to place greater emphasis on characters, deities, and monsters from Greek mythology. Many stories depicted Wonder Woman rescuing herself from bondage, which defeated the ``damsels in distress ''trope that was common in comics during the 1940s. In the decades since her debut, Wonder Woman has gained a cast of enemies bent on eliminating the Amazon, including classic villains such as Ares, Cheetah, Doctor Poison, Circe, Doctor Psycho, and Giganta, along with more recent adversaries such as Veronica Cale and the First Born. Wonder Woman has also regularly appeared in comic books featuring the superhero teams Justice Society (from 1941) and Justice League (from 1960).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman had its world premiere on May 25, in Los Angeles. The film's London premiere, which was scheduled to take place on May 31, 2017 at the Odeon Leicester Square, was cancelled due to the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing. The film had its Latin America premiere in Mexico City on May 27. It was released in most of the world, including in IMAX, on June 2, 2017, after originally being scheduled for June 23. Belgium, Singapore and South Korea received the film first, with May 31 openings. On April 17, it was announced that Wonder Woman would be released in China on June 2, the same day as its North American release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Victoria Falls",
"paragraph_text": "Victoria Falls (Tokaleya Tonga: Mosi - oa - Tunya, ``The Smoke that Thunders '') is a waterfall in southern Africa on the Zambezi River at the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. It has been described by CNN as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Safar Hai Shart",
"paragraph_text": "Safar Hai Shart is a travelogue television show on-air on Express News. The show was hosted by Waqar Ahmed Malik and Mukkaram Kaleem. \"Safar Hai Shart\" was an exclusive travelogue produced by Waqar Ahmed Malik, completed on nothing but motorbikes. Two guys on bikes explored the wonders of the Karakoram Highway in Pakistan. The Karakoram Highway (KKH) is the highest paved international road in the world and often known as 9th wonder of the world. The travels started from Rawalpindi and end on Khunjerab Pass (elevation 4,693 metres or 15,397 feet), the highest paved international border crossing in the world and the highest point on the Karakoram Highway.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Wonderful World of Julie London",
"paragraph_text": "The Wonderful World of Julie London is an LP album by Julie London, released by Liberty Records under catalog number LRP-3324 as a monophonic recording and catalog number LST-7324 in stereo in November 1963. This was Julie London's final charting album, reaching #136 on the Billboard charts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Wonder Woman (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman, known from seasons 2 - 3 as The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, is an American television series based on the DC Comics comic book superhero of the same name. The show stars Lynda Carter as Wonder Woman / Diana Prince and Lyle Waggoner as Steve Trevor Sr. & Jr. It originally aired for three seasons from 1975 to 1979. The show's first season aired on ABC and is set in the 1940s during World War II. The second and third seasons aired on CBS and are set in the 1970s, with the title changed to The New Adventures of Wonder Woman, and a complete change of cast other than Carter and Waggoner. Waggoner's character was changed to Steve Trevor Jr., the son of his original character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot, Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya. Wonder Woman is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. Jenkins's role as director makes her the first female director of a studio superhero comic book live - action theatrical release film. The film tells the story of Princess Diana, who grows up on the Amazon island of Themyscira. After American pilot Steve Trevor crashes offshore of the island and is rescued by her, he tells the Amazons about the ongoing World War. Diana then leaves her home in order to end the conflict, becoming Wonder Woman in the process.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World",
"paragraph_text": "The Seven Wonders of the World or the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a list of remarkable constructions of classical antiquity given by various authors in guidebooks or poems popular among ancient Hellenic tourists. Although the list, in its current form, did not stabilise until the Renaissance, the first such lists of seven wonders date from the 1st - 2nd century BC. The original list inspired innumerable versions through the ages, often listing seven entries. Of the original Seven Wonders, only one -- the Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu, after the pharaoh who built it), the oldest of the ancient wonders -- remains relatively intact. The Colossus of Rhodes, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus were all destroyed. The location and ultimate fate of the Hanging Gardens are unknown, and there is speculation that they may not have existed at all.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Worlds of Wonder (collection)",
"paragraph_text": "Worlds of Wonder is a collection of three science fiction works by Olaf Stapledon: a short novel, a novella and a short story. It was published in 1949 by Fantasy Publishing Company, Inc. in an edition of 500 copies. All of the stories had originally been published in the United Kingdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Machu Picchu",
"paragraph_text": "Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide Internet poll.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mausoleum at Halicarnassus",
"paragraph_text": "The Mausoleum was approximately 45 m (148 ft) in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors -- Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros and Timotheus. The finished structure of the mausoleum was considered to be such an aesthetic triumph that Antipater of Sidon identified it as one of his Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was destroyed by successive earthquakes from the 12th to the 15th century, the last surviving of the six destroyed wonders.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''Single by Louis Armstrong from the album What a Wonderful World B - side`` Cabaret'' Released October 18, 1967 Format 7 ''Recorded August 16, 1967 Genre Traditional pop jazz Length 2: 21 Label ABC 10982, HMV Songwriter (s) Bob Thiele (as George Douglas) George David Weiss Producer (s) Bob Thiele Louis Armstrong singles chronology ``Mi va de cantare'' (1967)`` What a Wonderful World ''(1967) ``Hello Brother'' (1968)`` Mi va de cantare ''(1967) ``What a Wonderful World'' (1967)`` Hello Brother ''(1968)",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wonders of China",
"paragraph_text": "Wonders of China was a Circle-Vision 360° film featured in the China Pavilion at Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort. The film showcased famous Chinese landmarks and the people, environment, and culture of China. Wonders of China was first shown on October 1, 1982 and closed on March 25, 2003. It was replaced by an updated film, \"Reflections of China\", which opened on May 23, 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''is a pop ballad written by Bob Thiele (as`` George Douglas'') and George David Weiss. It was first recorded by Louis Armstrong and released in 1967 as a single, which topped the pop charts in the United Kingdom. Thiele and Weiss were both prominent in the music world (Thiele as a producer and Weiss as a composer / performer). Armstrong's recording was inducted in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. The publishing for this song is controlled by Memory Lane Music Group, Carlin Music Corp. and BMG Rights Management.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Wonders of a Godless World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Wonders of a Godless World\" was first published in Australia in October 2009 by Allen & Unwin in trade paperback format. It was released in the United Kingdom in May 2010 by Blue Door. \"Wonders of a Godless World\" won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Outer Reaches",
"paragraph_text": "The Outer Reaches is an anthology of science fiction stories edited by August Derleth. It was first published by Pellegrini & Cudahy in 1951. The stories had originally appeared in the magazines \"Fantasy & Science Fiction\", \"Astounding Stories\", \"Blue Book\", \"Maclean's\", \"Worlds Beyond\", \"Amazing Stories\", \"Fantastic Adventures\", \"Thrilling Wonder Stories\" and \"Galaxy Science Fiction\" or in the anthology \"Invasion from Mars\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the original singer of It's a Wonderful World write What a Wonderful World?
|
[
{
"id": 70236,
"question": "who sang it's a wonderful world first",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 84254,
"question": "when did #1 make what a wonderful world",
"answer": "August 16, 1967",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
August 16, 1967
|
[] | true |
2hop__496399_121865
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Spiritual Baptist/Shouter Liberation Day",
"paragraph_text": "Spiritual / Shouter Baptist Liberation Day is an annual public holiday celebrated in Trinidad and Tobago on 30 March. The holiday commemorates the repeal on 30 March 1951 of the 1917 Shouter Prohibition Ordinance that prohibited the activities of the Shouter or Spiritual Baptist faith.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Can't Go Back (Fleetwood Mac song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Go Back\" is a song by British-American rock group Fleetwood Mac. It was written and performed by guitarist Lindsey Buckingham for the 1982 album \"Mirage\", the fourth issued by the band with Buckingham as main producer. An instrumental demo of \"Can't Go Back\" appears on the 2016 deluxe edition of \"Mirage\" under the working title \"Suma's Walk\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Desperate Measures (Hollywood Undead album)",
"paragraph_text": "Desperate Measures is the second CD/DVD box set by American rock band Hollywood Undead. The album was released on November 10, 2009 through A&M Records and Octone Records. The album includes three new songs, three cover songs, a remix of \"Everywhere I Go\", and six live versions of previously released tracks from a concert in Albuquerque, New Mexico along with a 60-minute DVD of live performances. The album debuted at No. 29 on the \"Billboard\" 200, No. 10 on Top Rock Albums, and No. 15 on Top Digital Albums.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Can't Find My Way Home",
"paragraph_text": "``Ca n't Find My Way Home ''is a song written by Steve Winwood which was first released by Blind Faith on their 1969 album Blind Faith. Rolling Stone, in a review of the album, noted that the song featured`` Ginger Baker's highly innovative percussion'' and judged the lyric ``And I'm wasted and I ca n't find my way home ''to be`` delightful''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Kanye West",
"paragraph_text": "The College Dropout was eventually issued by Roc-A-Fella in February 2004, shooting to number two on the Billboard 200 as his debut single, \"Through the Wire\" peaked at number fifteen on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for five weeks. \"Slow Jamz\", his second single featuring Twista and Jamie Foxx, became an even bigger success: it became the three musicians' first number one hit. The College Dropout received near-universal critical acclaim from contemporary music critics, was voted the top album of the year by two major music publications, and has consistently been ranked among the great hip-hop works and debut albums by artists. \"Jesus Walks\", the album's fourth single, perhaps exposed West to a wider audience; the song's subject matter concerns faith and Christianity. The song nevertheless reached the top 20 of the Billboard pop charts, despite industry executives' predictions that a song containing such blatant declarations of faith would never make it to radio. The College Dropout would eventually be certified triple platinum in the US, and garnered West 10 Grammy nominations, including Album of the Year, and Best Rap Album (which it received). During this period, West also founded GOOD Music, a record label and management company that would go on to house affiliate artists and producers, such as No I.D. and John Legend. At the time, the focal point of West's production style was the use of sped-up vocal samples from soul records. However, partly because of the acclaim of The College Dropout, such sampling had been much copied by others; with that overuse, and also because West felt he had become too dependent on the technique, he decided to find a new sound.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Clare Francis",
"paragraph_text": "Francis was born in Thames Ditton in Surrey and spent summer holidays on the Isle of Wight, where she learnt to sail. She was educated at the Royal Ballet School, then gained a degree in Economics at University College London.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_text": "Kenny G attended Whitworth Elementary School, Sharples Junior High School, Franklin High School, and the University of Washington, all in his home city of Seattle. When he entered high school he failed at his first attempt to get into the jazz band but tried again the following year and earned first chair. His Franklin High School classmate Robert Damper (piano, keyboards) plays in his band. In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Goodbye, Columbus",
"paragraph_text": "In addition to the title novella, set in New Jersey, \"Goodbye, Columbus\" contains the five short stories \"The Conversion of the Jews\", \"Defender of the Faith\", \"Epstein\", \"You Can't Tell a Man by the Song He Sings\", and \"Eli, the Fanatic\". Each story deals with the concerns of second and third-generation assimilated American Jews as they leave the ethnic ghettos of their parents and grandparents and go on to college, to white-collar professions, and to life in the suburbs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Dundee Fortnight",
"paragraph_text": "The Dundee Fortnight is a holiday during the last week in July and first week in August in the city of Dundee, Scotland. The holiday is similar to the Glasgow Fair in that, until as recently as the 1960s, most local businesses and factories would close for these two weeks and workers and their families would crowd bus and railway stations and Fifies to go for holidays in destinations such as Fife, Angus and Broughty Ferry. The holiday was of special significance to the working class of the city, especially as all the jute and textiles factories were closed during this time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Are You Gonna Go My Way",
"paragraph_text": "Are You Gonna Go My Way is the third studio album by American singer Lenny Kravitz, released on March 9, 1993 by Virgin Records. It was recorded at Waterfront Studios, Hoboken, New Jersey by Henry Hirsch. It became Kravitz's first top 20 album on the United States Billboard 200, and his first number one album in both Australia and the United Kingdom, achieving massive worldwide success that helped to establish his popularity as a performer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Christmas Time with Oleta",
"paragraph_text": "Christmas Time with Oleta is a holiday album by the American vocalist, pianist and songwriter Oleta Adams and was released in 2006.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Anna (Go to Him)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Anna (Go to Him)\", or simply \"Anna\", is a song written and originally recorded by Arthur Alexander. His version was released as a single by Dot Records on September 17, 1962. A cover version was performed by English rock group the Beatles and included on their 1963 debut album \"Please Please Me\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Travis Cherry",
"paragraph_text": "Travis Cherry is a two-time Grammy-nominated American music producer, musician and songwriter. He has worked with artists such as Bone Thugs and Harmony, Keith Sweat, Jennifer Lopez, and J. Holiday. His work appears on the Gold-selling album \"Back of My Lac'\" by J. Holiday and on Jennifer Lopez's 2007 album \"Brave\". He also appeared on Episode 3 of the first season of BET's TV show \"\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Freewheel Burning",
"paragraph_text": "\"Freewheel Burning\" is a song by the British heavy metal band Judas Priest, appearing on their 1984 album \"Defenders of the Faith\", and first released as the first single off that album. The song was released in late 1983, several weeks prior to \"Defenders of the Faith\". The 12\" version of the single contained an extended guitar intro that was omitted on the full-length release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Joy to the World (Connie Smith album)",
"paragraph_text": "Joy to the World is the twenty seventh studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith. The album was released in October 1975 on Columbia Records and was produced by George Richey. It was Smith's first and only album of Holiday music released.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "All I Want for Christmas Is You",
"paragraph_text": "``All I Want for Christmas Is You ''is a Christmas song performed by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. She wrote and produced the song alongside Walter Afanasieff. Columbia Records released it on November 1, 1994, as the lead single from her fourth studio album and first holiday album, Merry Christmas (1994). It is an uptempo love song that includes bell chimes, heavy back - up vocals, and synthesizers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Out in the Street",
"paragraph_text": "\"Out in the Street\" is a song written and performed by Bruce Springsteen from the 1980 album \"The River\". It was recorded at The Power Station in New York between March and May 1980, as one of the last songs recorded for the album. Originally Springsteen was going to keep the song off the album because it was so idealistic.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Body and Soul (Billie Holiday album)",
"paragraph_text": "Body and Soul is a studio album made by jazz singer Billie Holiday, released in 1957. In their 1957 review of the album, Saturday Review wrote: With changes in her voice which bring Miss Holiday's singing closer to recitative has come an occasional timidity about altering a melody where before there was boldness. But she remains one of the best jazz singers, not only for her unique sound and attack, but for her straightforward, honest, musical communication.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Faith: A Holiday Album",
"paragraph_text": "Faith: A Holiday Album is the second holiday album and tenth studio album by saxophonist Kenny G. It was released by Arista Records in 1999 and peaked at number 1 on the Contemporary Jazz Albums chart, number 4 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, number 5 on the Internet Albums chart, and number 6 on the \"Billboard\" 200. The album also received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Instrumental Album.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mystery Lady: Songs of Billie Holiday",
"paragraph_text": "Mystery Lady: Songs of Billie Holiday is the twentieth studio album by Etta James, released in 1994. The album reached a peak position of number two on \"Billboard\" Top Jazz Albums chart.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the saxophonist responsible for Faith: A Holiday Album go to college?
|
[
{
"id": 496399,
"question": "Faith: A Holiday Album >> performer",
"answer": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 121865,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "University of Washington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
University of Washington
|
[
"Franklin High School"
] | true |
2hop__419688_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Encore (Lionel Richie album)",
"paragraph_text": "Encore is the first live album by Lionel Richie, released on November 26, 2002. Various international versions also included \"Goodbye\", \"To Love a Woman\" (featuring Enrique Iglesias), \"Don't Stop the Music\" and \"Tender Heart\". The material on the album was recorded at Wembley Arena in London, England in May 2001.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
In what season was the performer of Encore a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 419688,
"question": "Encore >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__659879_121865
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Never Let Me Go (Johnny Ace song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Never Let Me Go\" is a blues ballad song by American R&B/blues singer Johnny Ace, written by Joseph Scott and released in 1954 under Duke Records. The song is featured on the albums \"My Songs\" and \"Memorial\". \"Never Let Me Go\" was one of his eighth consecutive top ten R&B hits in a row, including \"My Song\", \"Cross My Heart,\" \"Please Forgive Me,\" \"The Clock,\" \"Pledging My Love,\" \"Saving My Love for You,\" and \"Anymore\". The song was R&B hit and peaked to No. 9 in October 1954 on \"Billboards\" Rhythm & Blues Records chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Siddhu +2",
"paragraph_text": "Siddhu +2 is a 2009 Indian Tamil-language romance film written and directed by K. Bhagyaraj, starring his son Shanthnoo Bhagyaraj and newcomer Chandini Tamilarasan in lead roles. The film released on 10 December 2010 and performed averagely at the box office.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Silent Light",
"paragraph_text": "Carlos Reygadas' films are known for their long sequences, slow rhythm, and use of nonprofessional actors. All the performers in \"Silent Light\" are Mennonites from communities in Mexico, Germany and Canada. Among the performers is Miriam Toews, a Canadian author who grew up in the Mennonite community of Steinbach, Manitoba and has written novels related to this culture. The film was an international co-production by companies from Mexico, France and the Netherlands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Going for Broke (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Going for Broke is a 1984 album by Eddy Grant. Following the major success of the previous \"Killer on the Rampage\", this album takes a similar approach but was not as successful. It featured the U.S. hit \"Romancing the Stone\", as well as the singles \"Till I Can't Take Love No More\" and \"Boys in the Street\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Aspects of the Novel",
"paragraph_text": "Aspects of the Novel is a book compiled from a series of lectures delivered by E. M. Forster at Trinity College, Cambridge in 1927, in which he discussed the English language novel. By using examples from classic texts, he highlights the seven universal aspects of the novel: story, characters, plot, fantasy, prophecy, pattern, and rhythm.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Alles heeft ritme",
"paragraph_text": "\"Alles heeft ritme\" (\"Everything has rhythm\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1986, performed in Dutch by Frizzle Sizzle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Going Shopping",
"paragraph_text": "Going Shopping is a 2005 American romance film directed by Henry Jaglom and stars Victoria Foyt, Rob Morrow and Lee Grant (in her last film role as of 2018).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_text": "Kenny G attended Whitworth Elementary School, Sharples Junior High School, Franklin High School, and the University of Washington, all in his home city of Seattle. When he entered high school he failed at his first attempt to get into the jazz band but tried again the following year and earned first chair. His Franklin High School classmate Robert Damper (piano, keyboards) plays in his band. In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Shocker (band)",
"paragraph_text": "The Shocker is an American punk rock band, featuring former L7 bassist Jennifer Finch performing vocals. The band also includes lead and rhythm guitarists, drums, and bass.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Laat me nu gaan",
"paragraph_text": "\"Laat me nu gaan\" (\"Let Me Go Now\") was the Belgian entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, performed in Dutch by Linda Lepomme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Go West (band)",
"paragraph_text": "Go West are an English pop duo, formed in 1982 by lead vocalist Peter Cox and rhythm guitarist and backup vocalist Richard Drummie. The duo enjoyed their peak of popularity between the mid 1980s and the early 1990s and are best known for the international top 10 hits ``We Close Our Eyes '',`` Call Me'', and ``King of Wishful Thinking ''. They were named Best British Newcomer at the 1986 Brit Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Waiting on a Friend",
"paragraph_text": "The song is noted for its dreamy qualities brought on by the soft guitars, smooth rhythm, and Jagger's lilting refrain of ``doo - doo - doo '''s. Stones - recording veteran Nicky Hopkins performs the track's running piano. The Stones hired jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins to perform the solo on this song, as well as two others on the album. On his addition to the track, Jagger said in 1985:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Roy Montrell",
"paragraph_text": "Roy Montrell (27 February 1928 – 16 March 1979) was an American rhythm & blues guitarist who performed on hundreds of records produced in New Orleans.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "A Moment of Romance",
"paragraph_text": "A Moment of Romance () is a 1990 Hong Kong action romance film directed by Benny Chan, produced by Johnnie To, and starring Andy Lau, Jacklyn Wu and Ng Man-tat. For his performance in the film, Ng was awarded Best Supporting Actor at the 10th Hong Kong Film Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Going Up the Country",
"paragraph_text": "For ``Going Up the Country '', Canned Heat's Wilson used Thomas' melody on the quills and his basic rhythm, but arranged it for a rock setting and rewrote the lyrics. In addition to the bass and drum rhythm section, Henry Vestine supplied a`` light electric rhythm guitar'' and multi-instrumentalist Jim Horn reproduced Thomas' quill parts on the flute.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "I'm Going Down (Rose Royce song)",
"paragraph_text": "``I'm Going Down ''is a song written and produced by Norman Whitfield, and performed by Rose Royce. The single is from the film Car Wash and is featured on the film's soundtrack.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Marcus Siepen",
"paragraph_text": "Marcus Siepen (born September 8, 1968 in Krefeld, Germany) is a German guitarist and backing vocalist, most known for being the rhythm guitarist of power metal band Blind Guardian. For the biggest percentage of Blind Guardian's songs, particularly in more recent years, he has almost strictly played rhythm guitar, with most lead and solo work being performed by André Olbrich. He has also been part of the band Sinbreed and live member of Demons & Wizards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Let It Go",
"paragraph_text": "``Let It Go ''Song by Idina Menzel from the album Frozen Published Wonderland Music Company Released November 25, 2013 (2013 - 11 - 25) Recorded 2012 (piano, vocals) 2013 (rhythm section, orchestra) Label Walt Disney Songwriter (s) Kristen Anderson - Lopez Robert Lopez Frozen track listing`` Love Is an Open Door'' (4) ``Let It Go ''(5)`` Reindeer (s) Are Better Than People'' (6) Video (film sequence) ``Let It Go ''on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Rhythm & Romance (Kenny G album)",
"paragraph_text": "Rhythm & Romance is the fifteenth studio album (and 1st album under Concord Records) by Kenny G. The first bossa nova album in 2 albums in total made by the artist. It peaked number 15 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and number 14 on the \"Billboard 200\". There was the tour supporting for the album, it called An Evening of Rhythm & Romance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "1950s in music",
"paragraph_text": "In 1951, Little Richard Penniman began recording for RCA Records in the late - 1940s jump blues style of Joe Brown and Billy Wright. However, it was n't until he prepared a demo in 1954, that caught the attention of Specialty Records, that the world would start to hear his new, uptempo, funky rhythm and blues that would catapult him to fame in 1955 and help define the sound of rock and roll. A rapid succession of rhythm - and - blues hits followed, beginning with ``Tutti Frutti ''and`` Long Tall Sally'', which would influence performers such as James Brown, Elvis Presley, and Otis Redding.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the performer of Rhythm & Romance attend?
|
[
{
"id": 659879,
"question": "Rhythm & Romance >> performer",
"answer": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 121865,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "University of Washington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
University of Washington
|
[
"Franklin High School"
] | true |
2hop__486057_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "I Love You (Mary J. Blige song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"I Love You\" is a 1995 single by American singer-songwriter Mary J. Blige, taken from her second album \"My Life\". Released only as a radio single, it rose to a peak of #60 on the pop charts. It was occasionally the B-side for the previous dance hit, \"You Bring Me Joy\". There were plans and negotiations of a possible music video for this single to be shot back-to-back with \"You Bring Me Joy\", but plans were scrapped as it performed well on its own. \"I Love You (Part 2)\" was recorded with rapper duo Smif-n-Wessun. The song samples the piano loop of Isaac Hayes's \"Ike's Mood\" from 1970's album \"...To Be Continued\", and samples \"Hollywood's World\" by DJ Hollywood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Take On Me",
"paragraph_text": "``Take On Me ''First release (1984) Single by A-ha from the album Hunting High and Low B - side`` And You Tell Me'' ``Stop! And Make Your Mind Up ''`` Love Is Reason'' Released 19 October 1984 Format 7 ''12'' Recorded 1984 1985 (re-release) Genre Synthpop new wave Length 3: 10 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Magne Furuholmen Morten Harket Pål Waaktaar Producer (s) John Ratcliff Alan Tarney A-ha singles chronology ``Take On Me ''(1984)`` Love Is Reason'' (1985) ``Take On Me ''(1984)`` Love Is Reason'' (1985) Music video Take On Me (Original Version) on YouTube Take On Me on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Make You Feel My Love",
"paragraph_text": "``Make You Feel My Love ''is a song written by Bob Dylan from his album Time Out of Mind (1997). It was first released commercially by Billy Joel, under the title`` To Make You Feel My Love'', before Dylan's version appeared later that same year. It has since been covered by numerous performers and has proved to be a commercial success for recording artists such as Adele, Garth Brooks, Shane Filan, Bryan Ferry, Kelly Clarkson and Ane Brun. Two covers of the song (one by Garth Brooks and one by Trisha Yearwood) were featured on the soundtrack of the 1998 film Hope Floats. Dylan eventually released the song as a single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Timber (Pitbull song)",
"paragraph_text": "Kesha filmed her scenes on November 5, 2013 while Pitbull filmed his scenes one week later on November 12, 2013. The video also features a cameo by Italian model Raffaella Modugno and The Bloody Jug Band, an Orlando - based Americana Group, who perform on stage as the bar's house band. The beach scenes were filmed in Exuma islands, Bahamas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Hey Ya!",
"paragraph_text": "``Hey Ya! ''is a song written and produced by André 3000 for his 2003 album The Love Below, part of the hip hop duo OutKast's double album Speakerboxxx / The Love Below.`` Hey Ya!'' takes influence from funk, rap and rock music. Its music video features a live performance by a band, all eight of whose members are played by André 3000, that mimics the Beatles' 1964 performance on The Ed Sullivan Show. The song received praise from contemporary music critics, and won the award for Best Urban / Alternative Performance at the 46th Grammy Awards. His version of the song has also appeared on the soundtrack of Flight of the Phoenix (2004). The song was also featured on the 2004 compilation album Now That's What I Call Music! 16 and was performed at the 2004 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "As Long as You Love Me (Justin Bieber song)",
"paragraph_text": "As part of promotion for ``As Long As You Love Me '', a music video, which was filmed in early July 2012, was released. Prior to the release of the video, Bieber revealed that a minute - long clip of the video was due to be broadcast following an episode of The Voice; however, much to the displeasure of Bieber and his fans, the clip was n't shown. NBC later revealed that technical difficulties prevented the clip from being aired. The full video was later premiered on Bieber's official YouTube page on July 12, 2012. Bieber very rarely referred to the video as a`` music video'', but rather as a ``short film ''. Directed by Anthony Mandler, cinematography by David Devlin, and edited by Jacquelyn London the video was Bieber's longest music video at five minutes and fifty - two seconds, before being surpassed by`` Confident'' at six minutes and six seconds. It featured guest appearances by Michael Madsen and Big Sean, the latter of which performs the rapping on the track. The video was filmed in Los Angeles, California. The actress in the music video is Chanel Celaya.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Make You Feel My Love",
"paragraph_text": "``Make You Feel My Love ''is a song written by Bob Dylan that appeared on his album Time Out of Mind (1997). It was first released commercially by Billy Joel, under the title`` To Make You Feel My Love'', before Dylan's version appeared later that same year. It has since been covered by numerous performers and has proved to be a commercial success for recording artists such as Adele, Garth Brooks, Bryan Ferry, Kelly Clarkson and Ane Brun. Two covers of the song (one by Garth Brooks and one by Trisha Yearwood) were featured on the soundtrack of the 1998 film Hope Floats. Dylan eventually released the song as a single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Love Doesn't Have to Hurt",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love Doesn't Have to Hurt\" is a song by Atomic Kitten, released as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"Feels So Good\". The single peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Dancing in the Dark (Bruce Springsteen song)",
"paragraph_text": "Directed by Brian De Palma, the video was shot at the Saint Paul Civic Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on June 28 and 29, 1984. The first night was a pure video shot, the second was on the opening date of the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band performed the song twice during that show to allow Brian De Palma to get all the footage he needed. The video is a straight performance video, with Springsteen not playing a guitar, allowing him to invite a young woman from the audience, performed by Courteney Cox, to dance along with him on the stage at the end. In September 1985, the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Stage Performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "We Found Love (music video)",
"paragraph_text": "The video begins with a monologue given by fashion model Agyness Deyn. Scenes of Rihanna with her romantic interest (Dudley O'Shaughnessy) in both love and hate scenarios intersperse, as they experience mounting difficulties in their relationship. After enduring the overwhelming effects of recreational drugs and physical violence, she finds her boyfriend unconscious on the floor of his apartment, and leaves him, having had enough of the relationship. Images of the song's producer and featured artist Calvin Harris appear in outdoor DJ scenes, while the video has regular references to popular culture, such as themes of films and content of other singers' videos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You Belong with Me",
"paragraph_text": "The song's accompanying music video was directed by Roman White. The video featured Swift portraying two characters, a nerd (the protagonist and narrator) and a popular girl (the antagonist and girlfriend), while American actor Lucas Till portrayed the male lead. The video's plot centers on the protagonist secretively loving the male lead, although he has a girlfriend. The video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards, but during Swift's acceptance speech, rapper Kanye West interrupted, protesting in support of Beyoncé. The incident caused a reaction in the media, with many coming to Swift's defense. The song was performed live at numerous venues, including the 2009 -- 10 Fearless Tour, where it was the opening number. It was covered by various artists, including Butch Walker and Selena Gomez & the Scene, and parodied by ``Weird Al ''Yankovic.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "But I Love You",
"paragraph_text": "But I Love You is a 1993 song by American R&B singer Miki Howard, released from her album, \"Femme Fatale\". The song written by Howard and Jud Friedman, produced by LeMel Humes, whom worked with Miki on her previous albums. \"But I Love You\" was double-sided with the album's third single, \"Shining Through\", released as a double A-side solely in the United States. While not as successful as the preceding single \"Release Me\", \"But I Love You\" was a minor R&B airplay hit during the course of 1993, and while there was no music video filmed, it has become one of Howard's classic songs from the album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Goodbye Kiss",
"paragraph_text": "\"Goodbye Kiss\" is Kasabian's third single from their fourth album, \"Velociraptor!\". The track has been released first as a music video and then as a single A-side 10\" Vinyl on February 20. Also, it is available as a digital download. On 27 November 2011, Kasabian performed \"Goodbye Kiss\" during the BBC's Formula 1 and performed on 2011 closing season montage and on BBC's \"The Graham Norton Show\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Christmas Is the Time to Say 'I Love You'",
"paragraph_text": "``Christmas Is the Time to Say 'I Love You' ''is a holiday rock song by Billy Squier, released in 1981 as the B - side of his hit`` My Kinda Lover'' (Capitol 5037). In 1981, a video of the song was recorded with MTV VJs and staff members singing along with a live performance by Squier. VJ Martha Quinn remembers it as her number one moment when working for MTV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Other Side of Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Other Side of Love\" is a song by Jamaican recording artist Sean Paul from his sixth studio album \"Full Frequency\". It was released on 10 September 2013 as a digital download. The song was written by Sean Paul, Benny Blanco, The Cataracs, and it was produced by the latter two.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Closing Time (Semisonic song)",
"paragraph_text": "The music video was directed by Chris Applebaum. It features two continuous shots, running side by side on the screen. One side shows the band playing the song in a rehearsal space. The other side features a woman (played by Denise Franco) as the singer Dan Wilson's girlfriend. As the video progresses, Dan and his girlfriend switch sides of screen, as they attempt to meet up. At the end of the video, they both wind up at the same nightclub. However, they still end up missing each other by mere seconds and never meet. The ``trick ''of the video is that each shot was done as one long, continuous shot, with no cuts or editing, and therefore relies on proper timing to get the two sides of the video lined up properly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "B Sides and C Sides",
"paragraph_text": "B Sides and C Sides is a compilation album by the American punk rock band Rancid. It was first released online on December 11, 2007, followed by a standard release on January 15, 2008. It contains a number of B-sides and rare songs as well as compilation or soundtrack appearances plus 4 previously unreleased songs. The set spans from 1992 to 2004, therefore it doesn't include any songs recorded with current drummer Branden Steineckert.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Carry On Wayward Son",
"paragraph_text": "``Carry On Wayward Son ''Single by Kansas from the album Leftoverture B - side`` Questions of My Childhood'' Released November 19, 1976 Recorded December 1975 Genre Progressive rock, hard rock Length 5: 26 (album version), 3: 26 (single edit) Label Kirshner Songwriter (s) Kerry Livgren Producer (s) Jeff Glixman, Kansas Kansas singles chronology ``It Takes a Woman's Love (To Make a Man) ''(1976)`` Carry On Wayward Son'' (1976) ``What's on My Mind ''(1976)`` It Takes a Woman's Love (To Make a Man)'' (1976) ``Carry On Wayward Son ''(1976)`` What's on My Mind'' (1976)",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the model on the She Doesn't Mind music video by the artist who sings Other Side of Love?
|
[
{
"id": 486057,
"question": "Other Side of Love >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__326087_58009
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Serravalle (San Marino)",
"paragraph_text": "Serravalle is a \"castello\" located in the European republic of San Marino. With a population of 10,878 inhabitants (of that 2,000 are of foreign origin) and a surface of 10.53 km², it is not only the most densely populated municipality in San Marino, but it also contains its largest settlement (Dogana). Serravalle is located on the edge of the Apennine Mountains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Fortitude (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Fortitude is a fictional community located on Svalbard in Arctic Norway. It is described as an international community, with inhabitants from many parts of the world (population of 713 inhabitants and 4 police officers). The series was filmed in both the UK and in Reyðarfjörður, Iceland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "WSKG-FM",
"paragraph_text": "WSKG-FM, 89.3 MHz FM, is an NPR member station in Binghamton, New York. It has an effective radiated power of 11.5 kW. Due to hilly terrain, the signal is repeated on several other frequencies located throughout South Central New York State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Hydraotes Chaos",
"paragraph_text": "Hydraotes Chaos is a broken-up region in the Oxia Palus quadrangle of Mars, located at 0.8° North and 35.4° West. It is 417.5 km across and was named after a classical albedo feature name. More information and more examples of chaos regions can be found at Martian chaos terrain. The area contains small conical edifices, called Hydraotes Colles, which were interpreted as the Martian equivalent of terrestrial cinder cones formed by volcanic activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Aureum Chaos",
"paragraph_text": "Aureum Chaos is a rough, collapsed region (chaos terrain) in the Margaritifer Sinus quadrangle (MC-19) portion of the planet Mars at approximately 4.4° south latitude and 27° west longitude, it is also in the west of Margaritifer Terra. It is 368 km across and was named after a classical albedo feature name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Brunswick, New York",
"paragraph_text": "Brunswick is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The municipality was originally settled in the early 18th century. During its history, it had been part of Albany County, Rensselaerswyck, and Troy, before its incorporation in 1807. It is bordered on the west by the city of Troy; on the north by Schaghticoke and Pittstown; on the east by Grafton; and on the south by Poestenkill and North Greenbush. The population was 11,941 at the 2010 census. The source of the town's name is not certain, though some claim it comes from the source of its first inhabitants from the province of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Atlantis Chaos",
"paragraph_text": "Atlantis Chaos is a region of chaos terrain in the Phaethontis quadrangle of Mars. It is located around 34.7° south latitude, and 177.6° west longitude. It is encompassed by the Atlantis basin. The region is across, and was named after an albedo feature at 30° S, 173° W.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Cuscatlán Department",
"paragraph_text": "Cuscatlán is a department of El Salvador, located in the center of the country. With a surface area of , it is El Salvador's smallest department. It is inhabited by over 252,000 people. Cuscatlán or Cuzcatlán was the name the original inhabitants of the Western part of the country gave to most of the territory that is now El Salvador. In their language it means \"land of precious jewels\". It was created on 22 May 1835. Suchitoto was the first capital of the department but on 12 November 1861, Cojutepeque was made the capital. It is known in producing fruits, tobacco, sugar cane, and coffee among other items. The department is famous for its chorizos from the city of Cojutepeque.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kriva Palanka",
"paragraph_text": "Kriva Palanka ( ) is a town located in the northeastern part of North Macedonia. It has 14,558 inhabitants. The town of Kriva Palanka is the seat of Kriva Palanka Municipality which has almost 21,000 inhabitants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Attack from Atlantis",
"paragraph_text": "Attack From Atlantis (1953) is a science fiction novel written by Lester del Rey. The story follows the new \"U.S.S. Triton\" submarine on her maiden voyage, but trouble happens when the crew comes face to face with the inhabitants of the underwater city Atlantis.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Guajataca River",
"paragraph_text": "Guajataca River () is a river on the island of Lares, Puerto Rico. It is located in the northwest coast of the island. It flows from the south and drains into the Atlantic Ocean. The name was given by the original inhabitants prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Gultosh",
"paragraph_text": "Gultosh used to be an all-Jewish village located near the city of Gondar, in Ethiopia. The original inhabitants left for Israel in the 1980s, the last of which stayed until 1986. It is uncertain whether Gultosh is still unpopulated or has been repopulated by locals from nearby villages.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Swamp Loggers",
"paragraph_text": "Swamp Loggers is an American reality television series which was originally broadcast on the Discovery Channel, from 2009 to 2012, that follows the crew of Goodson's All Terrain Logging as they log the swamps of North Carolina. Much of the series was filmed in Pender County.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Anakena",
"paragraph_text": "Anakena is unusual for Easter Island in that it is one of only two small sandy beaches in an otherwise rocky coastline.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mont Olympia",
"paragraph_text": "Sommet Olympia is a ski school and resort in Quebec, Canada. The resort is located not far from Montreal, in the Laurentians. According to ski express magazine, Mont Olympia is \"the best\" ski mountain for beginners. The resort has of skiable terrain with 6 ski lifts and a vertical drop of 200 meters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Running of the bulls",
"paragraph_text": "The origin of this event comes from the need to transport the bulls from the fields outside the city, where they were bred, to the bullring, where they would be killed in the evening. During this' run ', youngsters would jump among them to show off their bravado. In Pamplona and other places, the six bulls in the event are still those that will feature in the afternoon bullfight of the same day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Shalbatana Vallis",
"paragraph_text": "Shalbatana Vallis is an ancient water-worn channel on Mars, located in the Oxia Palus quadrangle at 7.8° north latitude and 42.1° west longitude. It is the westernmost of the southern Chryse outflow channels. Beginning in a zone of chaotic terrain, at 0° latitude and 46° W longitude, it ends in Chryse Planitia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Chihuahua (state)",
"paragraph_text": "Although Chihuahua is primarily identified with the Chihuahuan Desert for namesake, it has more forests than any other state in Mexico, with the exception of Durango. Due to its variant climate, the state has a large variety of fauna and flora. The state is mostly characterized by rugged mountainous terrain and wide river valleys. The Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, an extension of the Rocky Mountains, dominates the state's terrain and is home to the state's greatest attraction, Las Barrancas del Cobre, or Copper Canyon, a canyon system larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon. On the slope of the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains (around the regions of Casas Grandes, Cuauhtémoc and Parral), there are vast prairies of short yellow grass, the source of the bulk of the state's agricultural production. Most of the inhabitants live along the Rio Grande Valley and the Conchos River Valley.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park",
"paragraph_text": "The Forest of Nisene Marks State Park is a state park of California, USA, protecting a tract of secondary forest in the Santa Cruz Mountains. It is located outside Aptos, California and contains over of hiking trails and fire roads through of variable terrain.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the original inhabitants of the island where Anakena is located come from?
|
[
{
"id": 326087,
"question": "Anakena >> located on terrain feature",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 58009,
"question": "where did the original inhabitants of #1 come from",
"answer": "the Marquesas Islands from the west",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
the Marquesas Islands from the west
|
[
"Marquesas",
"Marquesas Islands"
] | true |
2hop__422087_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Truly (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Truly\" is the title of the debut solo single by singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. Resuming where he left off with D-flat major tunes \"Sail On\" and particularly \"Still\" when he was lead for the Commodores, Richie wrote the song and co-produced it with James Anthony Carmichael.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season what the performer of Truly a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 422087,
"question": "Truly >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__37476_82045
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Giorgio Gorgone",
"paragraph_text": "Giorgio Gorgone (Rome, 18 August 1976) is an Italian player in the role of midfielder, currently campaigning in Triestina. His debut in Serie B season takes place in 1998-1999 with the Lucchese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Richmond, Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "The first Jewish congregation in Richmond was Kahal Kadosh Beth Shalom. Kahal Kadosh Beth Shalom was the sixth congregation in the United States. By 1822 K.K. Beth Shalom members worshipped in the first synagogue building in Virginia. They eventually merged with Congregation Beth Ahabah, an offshoot of Beth Shalom. There are two Orthodox Synagogues, Keneseth Beth Israel and Chabad of Virginia. There is an Orthodox Yeshivah K–12 school system known as Rudlin Torah academy, which also includes a post high-school program. There are two Conservative synagogues, Beth El and Or Atid. There are three Reform synagogues, Bonay Kodesh, Beth Ahabah and Or Ami. Along with such religious congregations, there are a variety of other Jewish charitable, educational and social service institutions, each serving the Jewish and general communities. These include the Weinstein Jewish Community Center, Jewish Family Services, Jewish Community Federation of Richmond and Richmond Jewish Foundation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Eutaw Place Temple",
"paragraph_text": "Eutaw Place Temple is a large, eclectically-styled former synagogue on Eutaw Place in the Bolton Hill neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. The temple was constructed to serve the German Jewish immigrant community. Originally built as a synagogue for the Temple Oheb Shalom congregation, the property was sold to the Prince Hall Masons in 1960. It was built in 1892 as the second home of the Oheb Shalom congregation, and borrows design elements from the Great Synagogue of Florence. The architect was Joseph Evans Sperry of Baltimore.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mattoon Jewish Community Center",
"paragraph_text": "The Mattoon Jewish Community Center is a Jewish congregation in Mattoon, Illinois, United States of America. It is notable as North America's smallest Reform synagogue, with four households. The congregation's services are held at Trinity Episcopal Church in Mattoon, which is on the National Register of Historic Places.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Or Zaruaa Synagogue",
"paragraph_text": "The Or Zaruaa Synagogue, Nachlaot, Jerusalem- was founded in 1926 (5687 Jewish Calendar) by Rabbi Amram Aburbeh for the Ma’araviim Jewish congregation in Jerusalem. It is located on 3 Shmuel Refaeli Street in the Nachalat Ahim neighbourhood in Jerusalem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Paris",
"paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, Paris was a center of Jewish learning with famous Talmudic scholars, such as Yechiel of Paris who took part in the Disputation of Paris between Christian and Jewish intellectuals. The Parisian Jewish community was victim of persecution, alternating expulsions and returns, until France became the first country in Europe to emancipate its Jewish population during the French Revolution. Although 75% of the Jewish population in France survived the Holocaust during World War II, half the city's Jewish population perished in Nazi concentration camps, while some others fled abroad. A large migration of North Africa Sephardic Jews settled Paris in the 1960s, and represent most of the Paris Jewish community today. There are currently 83 synagogues in the city; The Marais-quarter Agoudas Hakehilos Synagogue, built in 1913 by architect Hector Guimard, is a Paris landmark.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Battle of the Argeș",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Argeș was a battle of the Romanian Campaign of World War I. Taking place on 1 December 1916, the battle was fought along the line of the Argeș River in Romania between Austro-German forces of the Central Powers and Romanian forces.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "A cappella",
"paragraph_text": "The popularization of the Jewish chant may be found in the writings of the Jewish philosopher Philo, born 20 BCE. Weaving together Jewish and Greek thought, Philo promoted praise without instruments, and taught that \"silent singing\" (without even vocal chords) was better still. This view parted with the Jewish scriptures, where Israel offered praise with instruments by God's own command (2 Chronicles 29:25). The shofar is the only temple instrument still being used today in the synagogue, and it is only used from Rosh Chodesh Elul through the end of Yom Kippur. The shofar is used by itself, without any vocal accompaniment, and is limited to a very strictly defined set of sounds and specific places in the synagogue service.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Marlboro Jewish Center",
"paragraph_text": "Marlboro Jewish Center (Congregation Ohev Shalom), in Marlboro, New Jersey, is a Conservative Jewish synagogue. It has been opened since 1971. Current spiritual leaders are Rabbi Michael Pont and Cantor Michelle Teplitz. This congregation has contributed to the community as a top USY chapter in all of New Jersey.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Battle of Philippi",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Philippi was the final battle in the Wars of the Second Triumvirate between the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (of the Second Triumvirate) and the leaders of Julius Caesar's assassination, Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus in 42 BC, at Philippi in Macedonia. The Second Triumvirate declared this civil war ostensibly to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, but the underlying cause was a long - brewing conflict between the so - called Optimates and the so - called Populares.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "The majority of British Jews live in London, with significant Jewish communities in Stamford Hill, Stanmore, Golders Green, Finchley, Hampstead, Hendon and Edgware in North London. Bevis Marks Synagogue in the City of London is affiliated to London's historic Sephardic Jewish community. It is the only synagogue in Europe which has held regular services continuously for over 300 years. Stanmore and Canons Park Synagogue has the largest membership of any single Orthodox synagogue in the whole of Europe, overtaking Ilford synagogue (also in London) in 1998. The community set up the London Jewish Forum in 2006 in response to the growing significance of devolved London Government.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Maribor",
"paragraph_text": "Many historical structures stand in Maribor. Of the remains of city walls surrounding the old downtown, the most prominent are the Judgement Tower, the Water Tower, and the Jewish Tower. Maribor Cathedral was built in the Gothic style in the 13th century. Maribor Synagogue was built in the 14th century, and is the second oldest synagogue of Europe. Today it serves as a centre for cultural activities. Other prominent Medieval buildings are Maribor Castle, Betnava Castle, and the ruins of Upper Maribor Castle on Pyramid Hill. Town Hall was constructed in the Renaissance style, and the Plague Column in the Baroque style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Congregation Talmud Torah Adereth El",
"paragraph_text": "Congregation Talmud Torah Adereth El, or Adereth El for short, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue located at 133 East 29th Street, New York City, New York USA. Founded in 1857, it claims to be the oldest synagogue in its original location with continuous services at the same location.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Congregation Ohab Zedek",
"paragraph_text": "Ohab Zedek, sometimes abbreviated as OZ, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue in Manhattan, New York City noted for its lively, youthful congregation. Founded in 1873, it moved to it current location on West 95th Street in 1926. The current clergy are: Rabbi Allen Schwartz, Senior Rabbi.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Battle of Mylae",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Mylae took place in 260 BC during the First Punic War and was the first real naval battle between Carthage and the Roman Republic. This battle was key in the Roman victory of Mylae (present-day Milazzo) as well as Sicily itself. It also marked Rome's first naval triumph and also the first use of the \"corvus\" in battle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Woodbine Brotherhood Synagogue",
"paragraph_text": "Woodbine Brotherhood Synagogue is a historic Jewish synagogue at 612 Washington Avenue in Woodbine, Cape May County, New Jersey, United States. According to a historical marker on the property, it was founded by Russian Jews fleeing pogroms in the 1890s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Synagogue of Besançon",
"paragraph_text": "The Synagogue of Besançon is the principal Jewish place of worship in the city of Besançon, France. The building is located in the area of Battant, near the old center of the town. It was built in 1869 and was inaugurated on 18 November. Since 1984 the building has been listed as a historical monument.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Pseudomonas amyloderamosa",
"paragraph_text": "Pseudomonas amyloderamosa is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that produces isoamylase. Because this organism is patented, it is not officially recognized as a legitimate \"Pseudomonas\" species, and therefore has no type strain. It is available, however, through the American Type Culture Collection.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Great Synagogue, Lutsk",
"paragraph_text": "The Great Synagogue in Lutsk, Ukraine, is a Renaissance building with a tower. Located in the Jewish quarter, it was the religious, educational and community centre of Lutsk () Jews until the invasion of Poland in the Second World War. It was built in 1626 and is a good example of a fortress synagogue. Partially destroyed in 1942, the synagogue was restored in the 1970s. It is now used as a sports club.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Religion in ancient Rome",
"paragraph_text": "For at least a century before the establishment of the Augustan principate, Jews and Judaism were tolerated in Rome by diplomatic treaty with Judaea's Hellenised elite. Diaspora Jews had much in common with the overwhelmingly Hellenic or Hellenised communities that surrounded them. Early Italian synagogues have left few traces; but one was dedicated in Ostia around the mid-1st century BC and several more are attested during the Imperial period. Judaea's enrollment as a client kingdom in 63 BC increased the Jewish diaspora; in Rome, this led to closer official scrutiny of their religion. Their synagogues were recognised as legitimate collegia by Julius Caesar. By the Augustan era, the city of Rome was home to several thousand Jews. In some periods under Roman rule, Jews were legally exempt from official sacrifice, under certain conditions. Judaism was a superstitio to Cicero, but the Church Father Tertullian described it as religio licita (an officially permitted religion) in contrast to Christianity.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
where did the battle involving the leaders of the assassination of the recognizer of synagogues in Rome occur?
|
[
{
"id": 37476,
"question": "Who recognized the Jewish synagogues as being legitimate in Rome?",
"answer": "Julius Caesar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 82045,
"question": "where did the battle take place in #1",
"answer": "Philippi in Macedonia",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Philippi in Macedonia
|
[] | true |
2hop__53508_630796
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "I'm Coming Out",
"paragraph_text": "``I'm Coming Out ''One of the cover arts for German vinyl singles Single by Diana Ross from the album Diana B - side`` Give Up'' ``Friend to Friend ''`` Never Say I Do n't Love You'' ``My Old Piano ''Released August 22, 1980 (1980 - 08 - 22) Format 7``, 12'' Recorded December 1979 Genre Disco, funk, soul Length 5: 24 (album version) 3: 59 (radio edit) Label Motown Songwriter (s) Bernard Edwards, Nile Rodgers Producer (s) Nile Rodgers, Bernard Edwards Diana Ross singles chronology ``Upside Down ''(1980)`` I'm Coming Out'' (1980) ``My Old Piano ''(1980)`` Upside Down'' (1980) ``I'm Coming Out ''(1980)`` My Old Piano'' (1980) Audio sample file help Alternative releases French 7 - inch vinyl single",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Swimming with the Kids",
"paragraph_text": "The single was released in 1999 by the record label Warner Music Finland. It was the second and the last single from the album \"Hell of a Tester\". It features a remixed version of the track \"Tempo\", which was remixed by DJ Midas and can't be found anywhere. Also the single contains a new version of the track \"Life 705\" for the year 1999, though this version of \"Life 705\" can be found on the band's compilation album, \"Hell of a Collection\" (2001).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Walkin' After Midnight",
"paragraph_text": "\"Walkin' After Midnight\" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of \"Walkin' After Midnight\", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Friends & Strangers",
"paragraph_text": "Friends & Strangers is the third album by American saxophonist Ronnie Laws recorded in 1977 and released on the Blue Note label. The album was certified Gold by the RIAA for sales of over 500,000 copies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Manhattan Transfer Meets Tubby the Tuba",
"paragraph_text": "The Manhattan Transfer Meets Tubby The Tuba is a children's studio album released by The Manhattan Transfer in 1995 on the Atlantic Records label. It features music by George Kleinsinger and stories by Paul Tripp. This is the group's only children's recording, offering a rendition of the 1945 children's classic that teaches the important lesson: \"Be yourself; you can't be anybody else!\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Ballad of Calico",
"paragraph_text": "The Ballad of Calico was the eighth studio album by Kenny Rogers and the First Edition and released as Reprise Records 6476. It reached #118 on the albums chart and produced one single, \"School Teacher\", which reached #91. The double album was released in February 1972. The album is a country-rock concept album about the real-life town of Calico, California. The entire double album was written by Michael Murphey and Larry Cansler and the songs tell the stories of individuals who lived in the town.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Patti LaBelle (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Patti LaBelle is the debut solo album by American singer Patti LaBelle, released in 1977. The first album LaBelle recorded after sixteen years fronting the band Labelle (formerly Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles), it is notable for the dance hit, \"Joy to Have Your Love\", the classic gospel-inspiring ballad, \"You Are My Friend\" and the Angelo \"Funky Knuckles\" Nocentelli mid-tempo number, \"I Think About You\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Voiceprint Records",
"paragraph_text": "Voiceprint Records was a record label based in England, founded in 1990 by Rob Ayling. They specialised in re-releasing old material, especially progressive rock, but also had new releases, under the Voiceprint and other imprints.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "You Can't Make Old Friends",
"paragraph_text": "You Ca n't Make Old Friends is the twenty - seventh studio album from American country music artist Kenny Rogers. Released on October 8, 2013 via Warner Bros. Nashville, it is Rogers' first album of original material since 2006's Water & Bridges. Its title track, a duet with Dolly Parton, peaked at number 57 on the Billboard Country Airplay chart in December 2013, becoming Rogers' first single released in six years. ``You Ca n't Make Old Friends ''was later included on Parton's 2014 album, Blue Smoke.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "New and Old Gospel",
"paragraph_text": "New and Old Gospel is an album by American saxophonist Jackie McLean recorded in 1967 and released on the Blue Note label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Joan Baez in San Francisco",
"paragraph_text": "Joan Baez in San Francisco was a demonstration record recorded by the 17-year-old Joan Baez in 1958, released without permission on Fantasy Records in 1964. Baez sued to block its distribution and it was withdrawn. There have since been authorized releases on other labels. It was released by Bear Family Records as A Package of Joan Baez.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Dobro došli prijatelji",
"paragraph_text": "Dobro došli prijatelji (\"Welcome, Friends\") is the sixth studio album by Bosnian folk singer Hanka Paldum. It was released 24 January 1983 through the record label Jugodisk.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Cambridge Singers",
"paragraph_text": "Cambridge Singers is an English mixed voice chamber choir formed in 1981 by their director John Rutter with the primary purpose of making recordings under their own label Collegium Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "For the First Time (Stephanie Mills album)",
"paragraph_text": "For the First Time is the second album by Stephanie Mills. Released in 1975 on the Motown label. Produced by Burt Bacharach and Hal David; directed by Phil Ramone. The arrangements were by Burt Bacharach, Bill Eaton, Dave Matthews and Kenny Asher. After a fallout during the recording of the soundtrack to the remake of \"Lost Horizon\", Bacharach and David split before briefly reuniting for this album. After this album project that featured eight new songs plus two covers of songs that Dionne Warwick had previously recorded, the famous songwriting duo would not work together until they wrote three unrecorded songs in 1978. They then did not write together again until a reunion in 1989, when they wrote two songs - \"How Can I Love You\" which remains unrecorded, and \"Sunny Weather Lover\" which was eventually recorded by Dionne Warwick for her 1993 album \"Friends Can Be Lovers\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "You Can't Make a Heart Love Somebody",
"paragraph_text": "\"You Can't Make a Heart Love Somebody\" is a song written by Johnny MacRae and Steve Clark, and recorded by American country singer George Strait. It was released in December 1994 as the second single from his album \"Lead On\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "View from the House",
"paragraph_text": "View from the House is the eleventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Kim Carnes. It was released on 25 July 1988 by MCA Records. The album marked a return to her early country music roots. Carnes recorded the album in Nashville, Tennessee, and co-produced the album with Jimmy Bowen. Prior to making the album, Carnes stated, \"I can't do another album here (in Los Angeles). I've tried and finally stopped. The only way I get a thrill out of recording is to record live as opposed to running everything through a computer. I want to feel that interplay between musicians. And I feel real strongly that Nashville is the place to make an album with real instruments.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "You Can't Stop a Tattler",
"paragraph_text": "\"You Can't Stop a Tattler\" is a gospel blues song, written by Washington Phillips (18801954) and recorded by him for Columbia Records in 1929 (vocals and zither). The song is in two parts, intended to occupy both sides of a 10-inch 78 rpm record. However, it remained unreleased for many years. Part 2 was included on the 1971 album \"This Old World's in a Hell of a Fix\" (Biograph ). Both parts were included on a 1980 compilation album of songs by Phillips, \"Denomination Blues\" (Agram ).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "You Can't Cheat an Honest Man",
"paragraph_text": "You Can't Cheat an Honest Man is a 1939 American comedy film directed by George Marshall and Edward F. Cline and starring W. C. Fields. Fields also wrote the story on which the film is based under the name Charles Bogle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Old Money (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Old Money is a studio album by Omar Rodríguez-López released by Stones Throw Records in November 2008, and is the musician's first album on that label. Rodríguez-López explained that the album is \"loosely based on the concept of exploitative industrialists and, well, their old money.\" Stones Throw Records released the vinyl version of the album on February 6, 2009.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Can't Be Friends",
"paragraph_text": "\"Can't Be Friends\" is an R&B song by American recording artist Trey Songz. It was officially sent to U.S. urban radio on September 28, 2010 as the second single of Songz' fourth studio album, \"Passion, Pain & Pleasure\". The song is produced by Mario Winans and written by Winans and Songz.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What record label does the songwriter who wrote you can't make old friends sign?
|
[
{
"id": 53508,
"question": "who wrote you can't make old friends",
"answer": "Kenny Rogers",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 630796,
"question": "#1 >> record label",
"answer": "Reprise Records",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Reprise Records
|
[] | true |
2hop__9922_32505
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Heroes of Annihilated Empires",
"paragraph_text": "Heroes of Annihilated Empires is a real-time strategy role-playing video game developed by GSC Game World and released in October 2006.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "1909 New Year Honours",
"paragraph_text": "The New Year Honours 1909 were appointments by King Edward VII to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were announced on 5 January 1909.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "France in the American Revolutionary War",
"paragraph_text": "French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army. A Treaty of Alliance in 1778 soon followed, which led to shipments of money and matériel to the United States. Subsequently, the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic also began to send assistance, leaving the British Empire with no allies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Susan Nolen-Hoeksema",
"paragraph_text": "Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (May 22, 1959 – January 2, 2013) was an American professor of psychology at Yale University. Her research explored how mood regulation strategies could correlate to a person's vulnerability to depression, with special focus on a construct she called rumination as well as gender differences.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": ".NET Framework",
"paragraph_text": "Microsoft began developing .NET Framework in the late 1990s, originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS), as part of the .NET strategy. By late 2000, the first beta versions of .NET 1.0 were released.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Age of Empires",
"paragraph_text": "Age of Empires is a series of personal computer games originally developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft Studios. The first title of the series was Age of Empires, released in 1997. Since then, seven titles and three spin - offs have been released. The titles are historical real - time strategy games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Olympic Games",
"paragraph_text": "Greek interest in reviving the Olympic Games began with the Greek War of Independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1821. It was first proposed by poet and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his poem ``Dialogue of the Dead '', published in 1833. Evangelos Zappas, a wealthy Greek - Romanian philanthropist, first wrote to King Otto of Greece, in 1856, offering to fund a permanent revival of the Olympic Games. Zappas sponsored the first Olympic Games in 1859, which was held in an Athens city square. Athletes participated from Greece and the Ottoman Empire. Zappas funded the restoration of the ancient Panathenaic Stadium so that it could host all future Olympic Games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Red",
"paragraph_text": "But early in the 16th century, a brilliant new red appeared in Europe. When the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés and his soldiers conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519-1521, they discovered slowly that the Aztecs had another treasure beside silver and gold; they had the tiny cochineal, a parasitic scale insect which lived on cactus plants, which, when dried and crushed, made a magnificent red. The cochineal in Mexico was closely related to the Kermes varieties of Europe, but unlike European Kermes, it could be harvested several times a year, and it was ten times stronger than the Kermes of Poland. It worked particularly well on silk, satin and other luxury textiles. In 1523 Cortes sent the first shipment to Spain. Soon cochineal began to arrive in European ports aboard convoys of Spanish galleons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Near East",
"paragraph_text": "Until about 1855 the words near east and far east did not refer to any particular region. The far East, a phrase containing a noun, East, qualified by an adjective, far, could be at any location in the \"far east\" of the speaker's home territory. The Ottoman Empire, for example, was the far East as much as the East Indies. The Crimean War brought a change in vocabulary with the introduction of terms more familiar to the late 19th century. The Russian Empire had entered a more aggressive phase, becoming militarily active against the Ottoman Empire and also against China, with territorial aggrandizement explicitly in mind. Rethinking its policy the British government decided that the two polities under attack were necessary for the balance of power. It therefore undertook to oppose the Russians in both places, one result being the Crimean War. During that war the administration of the British Empire began promulgating a new vocabulary, giving specific regional meaning to \"the Near East,\" the Ottoman Empire, and \"the Far East,\" the East Indies. The two terms were now compound nouns often shown hyphenated.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "Although it had equipment capable of doing serious damage, the problem for the Luftwaffe was its unclear strategy and poor intelligence. OKL had not been informed that Britain was to be considered a potential opponent until early 1938. It had no time to gather reliable intelligence on Britain's industries. Moreover, OKL could not settle on an appropriate strategy. German planners had to decide whether the Luftwaffe should deliver the weight of its attacks against a specific segment of British industry such as aircraft factories, or against a system of interrelated industries such as Britain's import and distribution network, or even in a blow aimed at breaking the morale of the British population. The Luftwaffe's strategy became increasingly aimless over the winter of 1940–1941. Disputes among the OKL staff revolved more around tactics than strategy. This method condemned the offensive over Britain to failure before it began.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was \"the most effective strategic weapon\", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, \"We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe\". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his \"empire\" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Middle Ages",
"paragraph_text": "The Emperor Diocletian (r. 284–305) split the empire into separately administered eastern and western halves in 286; the empire was not considered divided by its inhabitants or rulers, as legal and administrative promulgations in one division were considered valid in the other.[C] In 330, after a period of civil war, Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) refounded the city of Byzantium as the newly renamed eastern capital, Constantinople. Diocletian's reforms strengthened the governmental bureaucracy, reformed taxation, and strengthened the army, which bought the empire time but did not resolve the problems it was facing: excessive taxation, a declining birthrate, and pressures on its frontiers, among others. Civil war between rival emperors became common in the middle of the 4th century, diverting soldiers from the empire's frontier forces and allowing invaders to encroach. For much of the 4th century, Roman society stabilised in a new form that differed from the earlier classical period, with a widening gulf between the rich and poor, and a decline in the vitality of the smaller towns. Another change was the Christianisation, or conversion of the empire to Christianity, a gradual process that lasted from the 2nd to the 5th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Ottoman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Ottoman Islamic legal system was set up differently from traditional European courts. Presiding over Islamic courts would be a Qadi, or judge. Since the closing of the ijtihad, or Gate of Interpretation, Qadis throughout the Ottoman Empire focused less on legal precedent, and more with local customs and traditions in the areas that they administered. However, the Ottoman court system lacked an appellate structure, leading to jurisdictional case strategies where plaintiffs could take their disputes from one court system to another until they achieved a ruling that was in their favor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Rising Kingdoms",
"paragraph_text": "Rising Kingdoms is a real-time strategy PC game developed by Haemimont Games and published by Black Bean Games. It was released June 17, 2005. Rising Kingdoms is a realtime strategy game set in a fantasy world, which focuses on empire development and dynamic tactical battles and features both strategy and adventure modes in the fantasy world of Equiada. In strategy mode, the player is able to select 3 major races – treacherous Humans, vicious Foresters and merciless Darklings, and in addition to these three primary races, the player is able to capture, enslave and develop five independent nations – Shades, Nomads, Dragons, Trolls, and Elves. Combined with the player's main race they provide a valuable asset when clashing with their opponents. In adventure mode the player controls a group of heroes and a small squad of troops uncovering dark secrets and surprising twists as the adventure unfolds. The story spans over several generations portraying powerful ancient artifacts, the rise and fall of mighty leaders and glorious kingdoms, and the birth of new mystic creatures and races.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Constituent Assembly of Pakistan",
"paragraph_text": "The second Constituent Assembly reconstituted on May 28, 1955. The constitution was promulgated on March 23, 1956, and Pakistan became an Islamic republic. On October 7, 1958, martial law was imposed on the country. The new regime abrogated the constitution, declaring it unworkable.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Blitz",
"paragraph_text": "The decision to change strategy is sometimes claimed as a major mistake by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL). It is argued that persisting with attacks on RAF airfields might have won air superiority for the Luftwaffe. Others argue that the Luftwaffe made little impression on Fighter Command in the last week of August and first week of September and that the shift in strategy was not decisive. It has also been argued that it was doubtful the Luftwaffe could have won air superiority before the \"weather window\" began to deteriorate in October. It was also possible, if RAF losses became severe, that they could pull out to the north, wait for the German invasion, then redeploy southward again. Other historians argue that the outcome of the air battle was irrelevant; the massive numerical superiority of British naval forces and the inherent weakness of the Kriegsmarine would have made the projected German invasion, Unternehmen Seelöwe (Operation Sea Lion), a disaster with or without German air superiority.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Kate Valk",
"paragraph_text": "Kate Valk is a founding member of The Wooster Group, a collective of artists who make new work for the theater. Kate Valk began her work with the group in 1979 while she was a student at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Szlachta",
"paragraph_text": "In 1454 King Casimir IV granted the Nieszawa Statutes (Polish: \"statuty cerkwicko-nieszawskie\"), clarifying the legal basis of voivodship sejmiks (local parliaments). The king could promulgate new laws, raise taxes, or call for a levée en masse (pospolite ruszenie) only with the consent of the sejmiks, and the nobility were protected from judicial abuses. The Nieszawa Statutes also curbed the power of the magnates, as the Sejm (national parliament) received the right to elect many officials, including judges, voivods and castellans. These privileges were demanded by the szlachta as a compensation for their participation in the Thirteen Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Herbert Matter",
"paragraph_text": "Herbert Matter (April 25, 1907 – May 8, 1984) was a Swiss-born American photographer and graphic designer known for his pioneering use of photomontage in commercial art. The designer's innovative and experimental work helped shape the vocabulary of 20th-century graphic design.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Russian language",
"paragraph_text": "Among the first to study Russian dialects was Lomonosov in the 18th century. In the 19th, Vladimir Dal compiled the first dictionary that included dialectal vocabulary. Detailed mapping of Russian dialects began at the turn of the 20th century. In modern times, the monumental Dialectological Atlas of the Russian Language (Диалектологический атлас русского языка [dʲɪɐˌlʲɛktəlɐˈɡʲitɕɪskʲɪj ˈatləs ˈruskəvə jɪzɨˈka]), was published in three folio volumes 1986–1989, after four decades of preparatory work.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
During WWII what strategy could have worked against the empire that, during the Crimean War, had promulgated a change of names of certain regions.
|
[
{
"id": 9922,
"question": "What empire began promulgating a new vocabulary?",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 32505,
"question": "What strategy could have worked against #1 ?",
"answer": "strangle British sea communications",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
strangle British sea communications
|
[] | true |
2hop__76696_749335
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged. Two systems competed for supremacy in the global market: the European developed GSM standard and the U.S. developed CDMA standard. These differed from the previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission, and also fast out - of - band phone - to - network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Claro Colombia",
"paragraph_text": "Claro Colombia is a Colombian telecommunications operator, owned by Mexican group América Móvil. Claro is the largest provider of mobile phone services in the country – as of December 2011, 28,818,791 of Colombia's 46,200,421 mobile phone subscribers (62.38%) were with Claro's predecessor, Comcel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Google Maps",
"paragraph_text": "Google Traffic works by analyzing the GPS - determined locations transmitted to Google by a large number of mobile phone users. By calculating the speed of users along a length of road, Google is able to generate a live traffic map. Google processes the incoming raw data about mobile phone device locations, and then excludes anomalies such as a postal vehicle that makes frequent stops. When a threshold of users in a particular area is noted, the overlay along roads and highways on the Google map changes color.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "BBC Television",
"paragraph_text": "The BBC domestic television channels do not broadcast advertisements; they are instead funded by a television licence fee which TV viewers are required to pay annually. This includes viewers who watch real-time streams of the BBC's channels online or via their mobile phone. The BBC's international television channels are funded by advertisements and subscription.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Motorola MPx200",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola MPx200 Smartphone was launched in December 2003 as a joint venture between Motorola and Microsoft. The mobile phone's Windows Mobile for Smartphone OS allows users to access email and the Internet, use MSN Messenger, and view documents in Microsoft Office formats (with third-party software) much like other Windows smartphones such as the Samsung SGH-i600 or HTC Tanager. The MPx200, along with the Samsung SGH-i600, were the first Windows Mobile smartphone devices to have wide distribution in the United States. Previously, smartphone platform devices could only be purchased in the United States as part of development kits sold by Microsoft. The only U.S. carrier of the phone was AT&T Wireless; however, reports also suggest a somewhat limited number of devices with Cingular branding have appeared following the purchase of AT&T Wireless by Cingular.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Samsung Telecommunications",
"paragraph_text": "In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built - in car phone, the SC - 100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then - head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or ``hand phone ''in Korea), the SH - 100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Motorola 88000",
"paragraph_text": "The 88000 (m88k for short) is a RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Motorola during the 1980s. The 88000 arrived on the market in 1988, some two years after the competing SPARC and MIPS. Due to the late start and extensive delays releasing the second-generation MC88110, the m88k achieved very limited success outside of the MVME platform and embedded controller environments. When Motorola joined the AIM alliance in 1991 to develop the PowerPC, further development of the 88000 ended.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Orcs & Elves",
"paragraph_text": "Orcs & Elves is a adventure role-playing video game for the mobile phone and Nintendo DS. It was developed by id Software and Fountainhead Entertainment and published by EA Mobile and licensed by Nintendo for the DS version. It was released for mobile phone on May 1, 2006 before being ported to the Nintendo DS on November 15, 2007. The game is based on \"Doom RPG\"s engine and is id's first original intellectual property since \"Quake\". The later DS port of the game included graphical enhancements, such as 3D environments and camera cutscenes, along with improved character sprites, two new levels and the use of the touchscreen feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "The cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution its \"energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution,\" and added: \"Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms (2.4 lb) and measured 23 by 13 by 4.5 centimetres (9.1 by 5.1 by 1.8 in). The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Sony Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Ericsson had decided to obtain chips for its phones from a single source—a Philips facility in New Mexico. On March 17, 2000, a fire at the Philips factory contaminated the sterile facility. Philips assured Ericsson and Nokia (their other major customer) that production would be delayed for no more than a week. When it became clear that production would actually be compromised for months, Ericsson was faced with a serious shortage. Nokia had already begun to obtain parts from alternative sources, but Ericsson's position was much worse as production of current models and the launch of new ones was held up.Ericsson, which had been in the mobile phone market for decades, and was the world's third largest cellular telephone handset maker at the time behind Nokia and Motorola, was struggling with huge losses and decreasing market share. This was partly due to this fire as well as its inability to produce cheaper phones or fashionably-designed phones like Nokia managed to do. Speculation began about a possible sale by Ericsson of its mobile phone division, but the company's president, Kurt Hellström, said it had no plans to do so. Hellström said, \"Mobile phones are really a core business for Ericsson. We wouldn't be as successful (in networks) if we didn't have phones\".Sony was a marginal player in the worldwide mobile phone market with a share of less than 1 percent in 2000. By August 2001, the two companies had finalised the terms of the merger announced in April. Ericsson contributed a majority of the Ericsson Mobile Communications company, excluding a minor part spun off as Ericsson Mobile Platforms. Sony contributed its entire handset division. The company was to have an initial workforce of 3,500 employees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "HMD Global",
"paragraph_text": "On 1 December 2016, the Nokia website showed mobile devices for sale for the first time since 2014. Their first devices, Nokia 150 and 150 Dual SIM basic phones, were announced on 13 December 2016, while their first Android smartphone, Nokia 6, was announced on 8 January 2017. At Mobile World Congress in February 2017, HMD announced a feature phone, along with two new Android devices named Nokia 3 and Nokia 5. The first smartphone release was Nokia 6 in China and a few other Asian markets starting January, whereas Western releases commenced in June starting with Finland, with a full worldwide release of all three Android devices expected by August.On 6 July 2017 HMD partnered with Carl Zeiss AG to provide camera lens optics for Nokia smartphones. Nokia previously used Zeiss optics from 2005 to 2014 which resulted in high-quality cameras.On 27 July 2017, HMD purchased 500 design patents from Microsoft Mobile that were originally created by Nokia. One notable patent is the Lumia Camera user interface, which had been highly praised by critics since appearing on the Nokia Lumia 1020.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In 1965, Bulgarian company ``Radioelektronika ''presented on the Inforga - 65 international exhibition in Moscow the mobile automatic phone combined with a base station. Solutions of this phone were based on a system developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich. One base station, connected to one telephone wire line, could serve up to 15 customers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Congstar",
"paragraph_text": "Congstar GmbH is a mobile network operator headquartered in Cologne, Germany. The company is a subsidiary of Telekom Deutschland, and specializes in discount mobile phone service marketed to younger people. In August 2014, Congstar's services had approximately 3.4 million users.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Federal Aviation Administration",
"paragraph_text": "On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited. Implementation will vary among airlines. The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013. Devices must be held or put in the seat-back pocket during the actual takeoff and landing. Mobile phones must be in airplane mode or with mobile service disabled, with no signal bars displayed, and cannot be used for voice communications due to Federal Communications Commission regulations that prohibit any airborne calls using mobile phones. If an air carrier provides Wi-Fi service during flight, passengers may use it. Short-range Bluetooth accessories, like wireless keyboards, can also be used.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Good Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to the acquisition, both companies were known as market leaders in email access from portable devices. In November 2006, Motorola announced plans to acquire Good Technology as part of its plan to compete with Research in Motion's Blackberry product line in the enterprise sector, and expressed its intention to continue licensing its technology to other phone manufacturers. At the time of the acquisition, Good's flagship products were Good Mobile Messaging, Good Mobile Intranet and Good Mobile Defense; the company had 470 employees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Smartphone",
"paragraph_text": "The Ericsson R380 (2000) by Ericsson Mobile Communications. The first device marketed as a ``smartphone '', it was the first Symbian - based phone, with PDA functionality and limited Web browsing on a resistive touchscreen utilizing a stylus. Users could not install their own software on the device, however. The Kyocera 6035 (early 2001), a dual - nature device with a separate Palm OS PDA operating system and CDMA mobile phone firmware. It supported limited Web browsing with the PDA software treating the phone hardware as an attached modem. Handspring's Treo 180 (2002), the first smartphone that fully integrated the Palm OS on a GSM mobile phone having telephony, SMS messaging and Internet access built in to the OS. The 180 model had a thumb - type keyboard and the 180g version had a Graffiti handwriting recognition area, instead.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The 88000 model of the company that invented the first mobile phone was a type of what?
|
[
{
"id": 76696,
"question": "who invented mobile phone for the first time",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 749335,
"question": "#1 88000 >> instance of",
"answer": "ISA",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
ISA
|
[
"instruction set architecture",
"Isa"
] | true |
2hop__9922_20556
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Kansas Legislature",
"paragraph_text": "During Kansas' first elections for a territorial government on March 30, 1855, nearly 5,000 Missouri men, led by United States Senator David Rice Atchison and other prominent pro-slavery Missourians, entered the territory, took over the polling places, and elected pro-slavery candidates. The elections resulted in 13 pro-slavery members of the upper house of the territorial legislature and one free - state member, who resigned. The lower house ended up with 25 pro-slavery members and one free - state member. Free - Staters immediately cried foul, naming the new Kansas Territorial Legislature the Bogus Legislature. After meeting for one week in Pawnee at the direction of Territorial Governor Andrew Reeder, the thirty - eight pro-slavery legislators reconvened at the Shawnee Manual Labor School between July 16 and August 30, 1855, and began crafting over a thousand pages of laws aimed at making Kansas a slave state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Napoleon",
"paragraph_text": "The brief peace in Europe allowed Napoleon to focus on the French colonies abroad. Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801. Napoleon saw his chance to recuperate the formerly wealthy colony when he signed the Treaty of Amiens. During the Revolution, the National Convention voted to abolish slavery in February 1794. Under the terms of Amiens, however, Napoleon agreed to appease British demands by not abolishing slavery in any colonies where the 1794 decree had never been implemented. The resulting Law of 20 May never applied to colonies like Guadeloupe or Guyane, even though rogue generals and other officials used the pretext of peace as an opportunity to reinstate slavery in some of these places. The Law of 20 May officially restored the slave trade to the Caribbean colonies, not slavery itself. Napoleon sent an expedition under General Leclerc designed to reassert control over Sainte-Domingue. Although the French managed to capture Toussaint Louverture, the expedition failed when high rates of disease crippled the French army. In May 1803, the last 8000 French troops left the island and the slaves proclaimed an independent republic that they called Haïti in 1804. Seeing the failure of his colonial efforts, Napoleon decided in 1803 to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States, instantly doubling the size of the U.S. The selling price in the Louisiana Purchase was less than three cents per acre, a total of $15 million.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "British Empire",
"paragraph_text": "With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 August 1834 (with the exception of St. Helena, Ceylon and the territories administered by the East India Company, though these exclusions were later repealed). Under the Act, slaves were granted full emancipation after a period of 4 to 6 years of \"apprenticeship\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Slavery in international law",
"paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Westminster Abbey",
"paragraph_text": "Subsequently, it became one of Britain's most significant honours to be buried or commemorated in the abbey. The practice of burying national figures in the abbey began under Oliver Cromwell with the burial of Admiral Robert Blake in 1657. The practice spread to include generals, admirals, politicians, doctors and scientists such as Isaac Newton, buried on 4 April 1727, and Charles Darwin, buried 26 April 1882. Another was William Wilberforce who led the movement to abolish slavery in the United Kingdom and the Plantations, buried on 3 August 1833. Wilberforce was buried in the north transept, close to his friend, the former Prime Minister, William Pitt.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Slave states and free states",
"paragraph_text": "West Virginia became the 35th state on June 20, 1863, and the last slave state admitted to the Union. Eighteen months later, the West Virginia legislature completely abolished slavery, and also ratified the 13th Amendment on February 3, 1865.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "North Carolina",
"paragraph_text": "With the defeat of the Confederacy in 1865, the Reconstruction Era began. The United States abolished slavery without compensation to slaveholders or reparations to freedmen. A Republican Party coalition of black freedmen, northern carpetbaggers and local scalawags controlled state government for three years. The white conservative Democrats regained control of the state legislature in 1870, in part by Ku Klux Klan violence and terrorism at the polls, to suppress black voting. Republicans were elected to the governorship until 1876, when the Red Shirts, a paramilitary organization that arose in 1874 and was allied with the Democratic Party, helped suppress black voting. More than 150 black Americans were murdered in electoral violence in 1876.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Near East",
"paragraph_text": "Until about 1855 the words near east and far east did not refer to any particular region. The far East, a phrase containing a noun, East, qualified by an adjective, far, could be at any location in the \"far east\" of the speaker's home territory. The Ottoman Empire, for example, was the far East as much as the East Indies. The Crimean War brought a change in vocabulary with the introduction of terms more familiar to the late 19th century. The Russian Empire had entered a more aggressive phase, becoming militarily active against the Ottoman Empire and also against China, with territorial aggrandizement explicitly in mind. Rethinking its policy the British government decided that the two polities under attack were necessary for the balance of power. It therefore undertook to oppose the Russians in both places, one result being the Crimean War. During that war the administration of the British Empire began promulgating a new vocabulary, giving specific regional meaning to \"the Near East,\" the Ottoman Empire, and \"the Far East,\" the East Indies. The two terms were now compound nouns often shown hyphenated.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Isaac N. Arnold",
"paragraph_text": "Isaac Newton Arnold (November 30, 1815, Hartwick, New York – April 24, 1884, Chicago) was an attorney, American politician, and biographer who made his career in Chicago. He served two terms in the United States House of Representatives (1860-1864) and in 1864 introduced the first resolution in Congress proposing a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery in the United States. After returning to Chicago in 1866, he practiced law and wrote biographies of Abraham Lincoln and Benedict Arnold.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "If the South Had Won the Civil War",
"paragraph_text": "The Confederacy was also faced with the issue of slavery, very much contested despite its victory in what came to be known as ``The War of the Southern Revolution. ''With the rest of the world abolishing slavery, Confederates started feeling that they were out of step. Virginia abolished slavery in its territory, followed by Kentucky and North Carolina, and later Maryland and Tennessee. A new political force named the Jeffersonian Party called for abolition of slavery and gained the support of such prominent persons as Stephen Dodson Ramseur, Robert E. Rodes, John Pegram and, later, Leonidas Polk. Finally, Confederate slavery was fully abolished in 1885, the Liberation Bill being adopted with little opposition under the presidency of James Longstreet. Southerners having resolved this by themselves, rather than having the decision forced upon them by a victorious hostile army, helped avoid any lingering bitterness, and no organization resembling the Ku Klux Klan arose.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "New York grew in importance as a trading port while under British rule in the early 1700s. It also became a center of slavery, with 42% of households holding slaves by 1730, more than any other city other than Charleston, South Carolina. Most slaveholders held a few or several domestic slaves, but others hired them out to work at labor. Slavery became integrally tied to New York's economy through the labor of slaves throughout the port, and the banks and shipping tied to the South. Discovery of the African Burying Ground in the 1990s, during construction of a new federal courthouse near Foley Square, revealed that tens of thousands of Africans had been buried in the area in the colonial years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Abraham Lincoln",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to the Republican convention, the Lincoln campaign began cultivating a nationwide youth organization, the Wide Awakes, which it used to generate popular support throughout the country to spearhead voter registration drives, thinking that new voters and young voters tended to embrace new parties. Lincoln's ideas of abolishing slavery grew, drawing more supporters. People of the Northern states knew the Southern states would vote against Lincoln and rallied supporters for Lincoln.As Douglas and the other candidates campaigned, Lincoln was the only one to give no speeches. Instead, he relied on the enthusiasm of the Republican Party. The party did the leg work that produced majorities across the North, and produced an abundance of campaign posters, leaflets, and newspaper editorials. Thousands of Republican speakers focused first on the party platform, and second on Lincoln's life story, emphasizing his childhood poverty. The goal was to demonstrate the superior power of \"free labor\", whereby a common farm boy could work his way to the top by his own efforts. The Republican Party's production of campaign literature dwarfed the combined opposition; a Chicago Tribune writer produced a pamphlet that detailed Lincoln's life, and sold 100,000–200,000 copies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Szlachta",
"paragraph_text": "During the Partitions of Poland from 1772 to 1795, its members began to lose these legal privileges and social status. From that point until 1918, the legal status of the nobility was essentially dependent upon the policies of the three partitioning powers: the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and the Habsburg Monarchy. The legal privileges of the szlachta were legally abolished in the Second Polish Republic by the March Constitution of 1921.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Slavery in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery except as punishment for a crime, was passed by the Senate in April 1864, and by the House of Representatives in January 1865. The amendment did not take effect until it was ratified by three fourths of the states, which occurred on December 6, 1865, when Georgia ratified it. On that date, all remaining slaves became officially free.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Slave Trade Act 1807",
"paragraph_text": "The Slave Trade Act 1807, officially An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom prohibiting the slave trade in the British Empire. Although it did not abolish the practice of slavery, it did encourage British action to press other nations states to abolish their own slave trades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Song of the South",
"paragraph_text": "The film is set on a plantation in the southern United States, specifically in the state of Georgia, some distance from Atlanta. Although sometimes misinterpreted as taking place before the U.S. Civil War while slavery was still legal in the region, the film takes place during the Reconstruction Era after slavery was abolished. Harris' original Uncle Remus stories were all set after the American Civil War and the abolition of slavery. Harris himself, born in 1848, was a racial reconciliation activist writer and journalist of the Reconstruction Era. The film makes several indirect references to the Reconstruction Era: clothing is in the newer late - Victorian style; Uncle Remus is free to leave the plantation at will; black field hands are sharecroppers, etc.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Southern Europe",
"paragraph_text": "The period known as classical antiquity began with the rise of the city-states of Ancient Greece. Greek influence reached its zenith under the expansive empire of Alexander the Great, spreading throughout Asia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "History of slavery in Florida",
"paragraph_text": "Slavery in Florida began under Spanish rule and continued under American and later Confederate rule. It was theoretically abolished by President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863, but this had little effect in Florida. Slavery continued until the end of the Civil War and collapse of the Confederacy in the spring of 1865, followed by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in December 1865. Some of the characteristics of slavery -- inability to leave a disagreeable situation -- continued under sharecropping, convict leasing, vagrancy laws. In the 20th and 21st centuries, conditions approximating slavery are found among marginal immigrant populations, especially migrant farm workers and involuntary sex workers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution",
"paragraph_text": "Though the amendment formally abolished slavery throughout the United States, factors such as Black Codes, white supremacist violence, and selective enforcement of statutes continued to subject some black Americans to involuntary labor, particularly in the South. In contrast to the other Reconstruction Amendments, the Thirteenth Amendment was rarely cited in later case law, but has been used to strike down peonage and some race - based discrimination as ``badges and incidents of slavery ''. The Thirteenth Amendment applies to the actions of private citizens, while the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments apply only to state actors. The amendment also enables Congress to pass laws against sex trafficking and other modern forms of slavery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Ottoman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The history of the Ottoman Empire during World War I began with the Ottoman engagement in the Middle Eastern theatre. There were several important Ottoman victories in the early years of the war, such as the Battle of Gallipoli and the Siege of Kut. The Arab Revolt which began in 1916 turned the tide against the Ottomans on the Middle Eastern front, where they initially seemed to have the upper hand during the first two years of the war. The Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October 1918, and set the partition of the Ottoman Empire under the terms of the Treaty of Sèvres. This treaty, as designed in the conference of London, allowed the Sultan to retain his position and title. The occupation of Constantinople and İzmir led to the establishment of a Turkish national movement, which won the Turkish War of Independence (1919–22) under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal (later given the surname \"Atatürk\"). The sultanate was abolished on 1 November 1922, and the last sultan, Mehmed VI (reigned 1918–22), left the country on 17 November 1922. The caliphate was abolished on 3 March 1924.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What act abolished slavery throughout the empire that distributed a new vocabulary during the Crimean War?
|
[
{
"id": 9922,
"question": "What empire began promulgating a new vocabulary?",
"answer": "the British Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 20556,
"question": "What abolished slavery throughout #1 ?",
"answer": "The Slavery Abolition Act",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
The Slavery Abolition Act
|
[] | true |
2hop__73808_749335
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Sony Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Ericsson had decided to obtain chips for its phones from a single source—a Philips facility in New Mexico. On March 17, 2000, a fire at the Philips factory contaminated the sterile facility. Philips assured Ericsson and Nokia (their other major customer) that production would be delayed for no more than a week. When it became clear that production would actually be compromised for months, Ericsson was faced with a serious shortage. Nokia had already begun to obtain parts from alternative sources, but Ericsson's position was much worse as production of current models and the launch of new ones was held up.Ericsson, which had been in the mobile phone market for decades, and was the world's third largest cellular telephone handset maker at the time behind Nokia and Motorola, was struggling with huge losses and decreasing market share. This was partly due to this fire as well as its inability to produce cheaper phones or fashionably-designed phones like Nokia managed to do. Speculation began about a possible sale by Ericsson of its mobile phone division, but the company's president, Kurt Hellström, said it had no plans to do so. Hellström said, \"Mobile phones are really a core business for Ericsson. We wouldn't be as successful (in networks) if we didn't have phones\".Sony was a marginal player in the worldwide mobile phone market with a share of less than 1 percent in 2000. By August 2001, the two companies had finalised the terms of the merger announced in April. Ericsson contributed a majority of the Ericsson Mobile Communications company, excluding a minor part spun off as Ericsson Mobile Platforms. Sony contributed its entire handset division. The company was to have an initial workforce of 3,500 employees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of Nokia",
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the merger of Nokia and Salora resulted in the establishment of ``Mobira Oy ''. Mobira developed mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network, called the`` 1G'' and was the first fully automatic cellular phone system. It became commercially available in 1981. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the ``Mobira Senator ''for NMT -- 450 networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Communications in Somalia",
"paragraph_text": "After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "The cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution its \"energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution,\" and added: \"Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Federal Aviation Administration",
"paragraph_text": "On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited. Implementation will vary among airlines. The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013. Devices must be held or put in the seat-back pocket during the actual takeoff and landing. Mobile phones must be in airplane mode or with mobile service disabled, with no signal bars displayed, and cannot be used for voice communications due to Federal Communications Commission regulations that prohibit any airborne calls using mobile phones. If an air carrier provides Wi-Fi service during flight, passengers may use it. Short-range Bluetooth accessories, like wireless keyboards, can also be used.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Motorola MPx200",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola MPx200 Smartphone was launched in December 2003 as a joint venture between Motorola and Microsoft. The mobile phone's Windows Mobile for Smartphone OS allows users to access email and the Internet, use MSN Messenger, and view documents in Microsoft Office formats (with third-party software) much like other Windows smartphones such as the Samsung SGH-i600 or HTC Tanager. The MPx200, along with the Samsung SGH-i600, were the first Windows Mobile smartphone devices to have wide distribution in the United States. Previously, smartphone platform devices could only be purchased in the United States as part of development kits sold by Microsoft. The only U.S. carrier of the phone was AT&T Wireless; however, reports also suggest a somewhat limited number of devices with Cingular branding have appeared following the purchase of AT&T Wireless by Cingular.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Golan Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Golan Telecom () is a mobile network operator in Israel. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In 1965, Bulgarian company ``Radioelektronika ''presented on the Inforga - 65 international exhibition in Moscow the mobile automatic phone combined with a base station. Solutions of this phone were based on a system developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich. One base station, connected to one telephone wire line, could serve up to 15 customers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kg (2.42 lb) and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide. The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Congstar",
"paragraph_text": "Congstar GmbH is a mobile network operator headquartered in Cologne, Germany. The company is a subsidiary of Telekom Deutschland, and specializes in discount mobile phone service marketed to younger people. In August 2014, Congstar's services had approximately 3.4 million users.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Google Maps",
"paragraph_text": "Google Traffic works by analyzing the GPS - determined locations transmitted to Google by a large number of mobile phone users. By calculating the speed of users along a length of road, Google is able to generate a live traffic map. Google processes the incoming raw data about mobile phone device locations, and then excludes anomalies such as a postal vehicle that makes frequent stops. When a threshold of users in a particular area is noted, the overlay along roads and highways on the Google map changes color.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Orcs & Elves",
"paragraph_text": "Orcs & Elves is a adventure role-playing video game for the mobile phone and Nintendo DS. It was developed by id Software and Fountainhead Entertainment and published by EA Mobile and licensed by Nintendo for the DS version. It was released for mobile phone on May 1, 2006 before being ported to the Nintendo DS on November 15, 2007. The game is based on \"Doom RPG\"s engine and is id's first original intellectual property since \"Quake\". The later DS port of the game included graphical enhancements, such as 3D environments and camera cutscenes, along with improved character sprites, two new levels and the use of the touchscreen feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "HMD Global",
"paragraph_text": "On 1 December 2016, the Nokia website showed mobile devices for sale for the first time since 2014. Their first devices, Nokia 150 and 150 Dual SIM basic phones, were announced on 13 December 2016, while their first Android smartphone, Nokia 6, was announced on 8 January 2017. At Mobile World Congress in February 2017, HMD announced a feature phone, along with two new Android devices named Nokia 3 and Nokia 5. The first smartphone release was Nokia 6 in China and a few other Asian markets starting January, whereas Western releases commenced in June starting with Finland, with a full worldwide release of all three Android devices expected by August.On 6 July 2017 HMD partnered with Carl Zeiss AG to provide camera lens optics for Nokia smartphones. Nokia previously used Zeiss optics from 2005 to 2014 which resulted in high-quality cameras.On 27 July 2017, HMD purchased 500 design patents from Microsoft Mobile that were originally created by Nokia. One notable patent is the Lumia Camera user interface, which had been highly praised by critics since appearing on the Nokia Lumia 1020.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged. Two systems competed for supremacy in the global market: the European developed GSM standard and the U.S. developed CDMA standard. These differed from the previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission, and also fast out - of - band phone - to - network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Smartphone",
"paragraph_text": "The Ericsson R380 (2000) by Ericsson Mobile Communications. The first device marketed as a ``smartphone '', it was the first Symbian - based phone, with PDA functionality and limited Web browsing on a resistive touchscreen utilizing a stylus. Users could not install their own software on the device, however. The Kyocera 6035 (early 2001), a dual - nature device with a separate Palm OS PDA operating system and CDMA mobile phone firmware. It supported limited Web browsing with the PDA software treating the phone hardware as an attached modem. Handspring's Treo 180 (2002), the first smartphone that fully integrated the Palm OS on a GSM mobile phone having telephony, SMS messaging and Internet access built in to the OS. The 180 model had a thumb - type keyboard and the 180g version had a Graffiti handwriting recognition area, instead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "In June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:2010) references the USB Battery Charging standard and is similar to the GSMA/OMTP and Chinese charging solutions. In January 2011, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) released its version of the (EU's) common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Motorola 88000",
"paragraph_text": "The 88000 (m88k for short) is a RISC instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Motorola during the 1980s. The 88000 arrived on the market in 1988, some two years after the competing SPARC and MIPS. Due to the late start and extensive delays releasing the second-generation MC88110, the m88k achieved very limited success outside of the MVME platform and embedded controller environments. When Motorola joined the AIM alliance in 1991 to develop the PowerPC, further development of the 88000 ended.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
The 88000, made by the creators of the first mobile phone in the world, is an instance of what?
|
[
{
"id": 73808,
"question": "who made the first mobile phone in the world",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 749335,
"question": "#1 88000 >> instance of",
"answer": "ISA",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
ISA
|
[
"instruction set architecture",
"Isa"
] | true |
2hop__456280_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Kasamh Se",
"paragraph_text": "Kasamh Se (International Title: The Promise) is an Indian soap opera produced by Ekta Kapoor of Balaji Telefilms. The show aired on Zee TV from 16 January 2006 to 12 March 2009. The story is about three sisters - Bani, Pia and Rano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Yamnaya culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas. It is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language, along with the preceding Sredny Stog culture, now that archaeological evidence of the culture and its migrations has been closely tied to the evidence from linguistics and genetics. Significantly, there were animal grave offerings a feature associated with Proto-Indo-Europeans. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Characteristic for the culture are the burials in pit graves under kurgans (tumuli). The dead bodies were placed in a supine position with bent knees and covered in ochre. Multiple graves have been found in these kurgans, often as later insertions. The earliest remains in Ukraine of a wheeled cart were found in the \"Storozhova mohyla\" kurgan associated with the Yamnaya culture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Museum of Polish History",
"paragraph_text": "The Museum of Polish History or Polish History Museum (Polish: Muzeum Historii Polski) is a museum and national cultural institute in Warsaw, Poland. The purpose of the museum is to present the most important events in Polish history, with a particular emphasis on Polish traditions of freedom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Rano Raraku",
"paragraph_text": "Rano Raraku is a volcanic crater formed of consolidated volcanic ash, or tuff, and located on the lower slopes of Terevaka in the Rapa Nui National Park on Easter Island in Chile. It was a quarry for about 500 years until the early eighteenth century, and supplied the stone from which about 95% of the island's known monolithic sculptures (moai) were carved. Rano Raraku is a visual record of moai design vocabulary and technological innovation, where 887 moai remain. Rano Raraku is in the World Heritage Site of Rapa Nui National Park and gives its name to one of the seven sections of the park.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "Virginia's culture was popularized and spread across America and the South by figures such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Robert E. Lee. Their homes in Virginia represent the birthplace of America and the South. Modern Virginia culture has many sources, and is part of the culture of the Southern United States. The Smithsonian Institution divides Virginia into nine cultural regions.Besides the general cuisine of the Southern United States, Virginia maintains its own particular traditions. Virginia wine is made in many parts of the state. Smithfield ham, sometimes called \"Virginia ham\", is a type of country ham which is protected by state law, and can only be produced in the town of Smithfield. Virginia furniture and architecture are typical of American colonial architecture. Thomas Jefferson and many of the state's early leaders favored the Neoclassical architecture style, leading to its use for important state buildings. The Pennsylvania Dutch and their style can also be found in parts of the state.Literature in Virginia often deals with the state's extensive and sometimes troubled past. The works of Pulitzer Prize winner Ellen Glasgow often dealt with social inequalities and the role of women in her culture. Glasgow's peer and close friend James Branch Cabell wrote extensively about the changing position of gentry in the Reconstruction era, and challenged its moral code with Jurgen, A Comedy of Justice. William Styron approached history in works such as The Confessions of Nat Turner and Sophie's Choice. Tom Wolfe has occasionally dealt with his southern heritage in bestsellers like I Am Charlotte Simmons. Mount Vernon native Matt Bondurant received critical acclaim for his historic novel The Wettest County in the World about moonshiners in Franklin County during prohibition. Virginia also names a state Poet Laureate.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Maldives",
"paragraph_text": "After the long Buddhist period of Maldivian history, Muslim traders introduced Islam. Maldivians converted to Islam by the mid-12th century. The islands have had a long history of Sufic orders, as can be seen in the history of the country such as the building of tombs. They were used until as recently as the 1980s for seeking the help of buried saints. They can be seen next to some old mosques and are considered a part of Maldives's cultural heritage.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Yeti",
"paragraph_text": "The Yeti () or Abominable Snowman is a folkloric ape-like creature taller than an average human, that is said to inhabit the Himalayan mountains. The names Yeti and Meh-Teh are commonly used by the people indigenous to the region, and are part of their history and mythology. Stories of the Yeti first emerged as a facet of Western popular culture in the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Yvan Goll",
"paragraph_text": "Yvan Goll (born Isaac Lang; 29 March 1891 – 27 February 1950) was a French-German poet who was bilingual and wrote in both French and German. He had close ties to both German expressionism and to French surrealism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Chalkdust",
"paragraph_text": "Chalkdust, who holds a Ph.D. in history and ethnomusicology from the University of Michigan, is an Assistant Professor of History at the University of the Virgin Islands, and frequently lectures and offers workshops on the history and culture of calypso music. He is the author of the books \"Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962\" (published in 2001) and \"From the Horse’s Mouth\", a socio-cultural history of calypso from 1900 to 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Pub",
"paragraph_text": "The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Estonia",
"paragraph_text": "The Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to elect a cultural council. The Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities was reinstated in 1993. Historically, large parts of Estonia's northwestern coast and islands have been populated by indigenous ethnically Rannarootslased (Coastal Swedes).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Guyana",
"paragraph_text": "Guyana (pronounced / ɡaɪˈɑːnə / or / ɡaɪˈænə /), officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a sovereign state on the northern mainland of South America. It is, however, often considered part of the Caribbean region because of its strong cultural, historical, and political ties with other Anglo - Caribbean countries and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). Guyana is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, Brazil to the south and southwest, Suriname to the east and Venezuela to the west. With 215,000 square kilometres (83,000 sq mi), Guyana is the third - smallest country on mainland South America after Uruguay and Suriname.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Vicente L. Rafael",
"paragraph_text": "Vicente L. Rafael is a professor of Southeast Asian history at the University of Washington, Seattle. He received his B.A. in history and philosophy from Ateneo de Manila University in 1977 and his Ph.D. in history at Cornell University in 1984. Prior to teaching at the University of Washington, Rafael taught at the University of California, San Diego and the University of Hawaii at Manoa. Currently, he sits on advisory boards of Cultural Anthropology, Public Culture, and positions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Alex P. Keaton",
"paragraph_text": "Alex P. Keaton is a fictional character on the United States television sitcom Family Ties, which aired on NBC for seven seasons, from 1982 to 1989. Family Ties reflected the move in the United States away from the cultural liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between Young Republican Alex (Michael J. Fox) and his hippie parents, Steven (Michael Gross) and Elyse Keaton (Meredith Baxter). President of the United States Ronald Reagan once stated that Family Ties was his favorite television show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "French Sudan",
"paragraph_text": "French Sudan initially retained close connections with France and joined in a short-lived federation with Senegal in 1959, but ties to both countries quickly weakened. In 1960, the French Sudan formally became the Republic of Mali and began to distance itself further from Senegal and France.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Albano Carrisi",
"paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "On the Origin of Species",
"paragraph_text": "Various evolutionary ideas had already been proposed to explain new findings in biology. There was growing support for such ideas among dissident anatomists and the general public, but during the first half of the 19th century the English scientific establishment was closely tied to the Church of England, while science was part of natural theology. Ideas about the transmutation of species were controversial as they conflicted with the beliefs that species were unchanging parts of a designed hierarchy and that humans were unique, unrelated to other animals. The political and theological implications were intensely debated, but transmutation was not accepted by the scientific mainstream.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Christian Delporte",
"paragraph_text": "Christian Delporte (born 1958 in Paris), is a French historian specialized in political and cultural history of France in the twentieth century, including the history of media, image and political communication.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Joseph Raphael",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Raphael (1869–1950) was an American Impressionist painter who spent most of his career as an expatriate but maintained close ties with the artistic community of San Francisco, California.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the history and culture of the island Rano Raraku is part of most closely tied to?
|
[
{
"id": 456280,
"question": "Rano Raraku >> part of",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__141460_53794
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "PDP-7",
"paragraph_text": "The PDP-7 was a minicomputer produced by Digital Equipment Corporation as part of the PDP series. Introduced in 1964, shipped since 1965, it was the first to use their Flip-Chip technology. With a cost of , it was cheap but powerful by the standards of the time. The PDP-7 is the third of Digital's 18-bit machines, with essentially the same instruction set architecture as the PDP-4 and the PDP-9.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms (2.4 lb) and measured 23 by 13 by 4.5 centimetres (9.1 by 5.1 by 1.8 in). The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Before the devices existed that are now referred to as mobile phones or cell phones, there were some precursors. In 1908, a Professor Albert Jahnke and the Oakland Transcontinental Aerial Telephone and Power Company claimed to have developed a wireless telephone. They were accused of fraud and the charge was then dropped, but they do not seem to have proceeded with production. Beginning in 1918, the German railroad system tested wireless telephony on military trains between Berlin and Zossen. In 1924, public trials started with telephone connection on trains between Berlin and Hamburg. In 1925, the company Zugtelephonie A.G. was founded to supply train telephony equipment and, in 1926, telephone service in trains of the Deutsche Reichsbahn and the German mail service on the route between Hamburg and Berlin was approved and offered to first - class travelers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Nokia 5530 XpressMusic",
"paragraph_text": "The Nokia 5530 XpressMusic is a smartphone by Nokia announced on June 15, 2009. Part of the XpressMusic series of phones, it emphasizes music and multimedia playback. It is Nokia's third touchscreen phone (after the 5800 and N97) based on the Symbian OS S60 5th edition platform.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Before the devices existed that are now referred to as mobile phones or cell phones, there were some precursors. In 1908, a Professor Albert Jahnke and the Oakland Transcontinental Aerial Telephone and Power Company claimed to have developed a wireless telephone. They were accused of fraud and the charge was then dropped, but they do not seem to have proceeded with production. Beginning in 1918, the German railroad system tested wireless telephony on military trains between Berlin and Zossen. In 1924, public trials started with telephone connection on trains between Berlin and Hamburg. In 1925, the company Zugtelephonie AG was founded to supply train telephony equipment and, in 1926, telephone service in trains of the Deutsche Reichsbahn and the German mail service on the route between Hamburg and Berlin was approved and offered to first - class travelers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Sage Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Sage Telecom, Inc was founded in 1996 as a competitive local exchange carrier (CLEC) reselling telecommunications primarily in rural markets served by SBC Communications. The company provided local phone service, local bundled phone service and dial up internet access in Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas and Wisconsin. In February 2006 the company announced eSageLink, a high-speed dial up Internet service available first in and around Muncie, Indiana. In January 2007, Sage announced it had been acquired by hedge fund Silver Point Capital. In July, 2012, Sage was acquired by Telscape Communications.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sony Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Ericsson had decided to obtain chips for its phones from a single source—a Philips facility in New Mexico. On March 17, 2000, a fire at the Philips factory contaminated the sterile facility. Philips assured Ericsson and Nokia (their other major customer) that production would be delayed for no more than a week. When it became clear that production would actually be compromised for months, Ericsson was faced with a serious shortage. Nokia had already begun to obtain parts from alternative sources, but Ericsson's position was much worse as production of current models and the launch of new ones was held up.Ericsson, which had been in the mobile phone market for decades, and was the world's third largest cellular telephone handset maker at the time behind Nokia and Motorola, was struggling with huge losses and decreasing market share. This was partly due to this fire as well as its inability to produce cheaper phones or fashionably-designed phones like Nokia managed to do. Speculation began about a possible sale by Ericsson of its mobile phone division, but the company's president, Kurt Hellström, said it had no plans to do so. Hellström said, \"Mobile phones are really a core business for Ericsson. We wouldn't be as successful (in networks) if we didn't have phones\".Sony was a marginal player in the worldwide mobile phone market with a share of less than 1 percent in 2000. By August 2001, the two companies had finalised the terms of the merger announced in April. Ericsson contributed a majority of the Ericsson Mobile Communications company, excluding a minor part spun off as Ericsson Mobile Platforms. Sony contributed its entire handset division. The company was to have an initial workforce of 3,500 employees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kg (2.42 lb) and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide. The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "PeopleFinders.com",
"paragraph_text": "PeopleFinders.com is a public records business located in Sacramento, California. The company offers a variety of public records including address histories, phone numbers and background checks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Samsung Telecommunications",
"paragraph_text": "In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built - in car phone, the SC - 100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then - head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or ``hand phone ''in Korea), the SH - 100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Golan Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Golan Telecom () is a mobile network operator in Israel. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In 1965, Bulgarian company ``Radioelektronika ''presented on the Inforga - 65 international exhibition in Moscow the mobile automatic phone combined with a base station. Solutions of this phone were based on a system developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich. One base station, connected to one telephone wire line, could serve up to 15 customers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Flip and Flop",
"paragraph_text": "Flip and Flop is an isometric platform game for the Atari 8-bit family designed by Jim Nangano and published in 1983 by First Star Software. Statesoft released a Commodore 64 port the following year. The Commodore 64 box cover, which features a photo of acrobats that does not relate to the game itself, changes the name to Flip & Flop; it remains \"Flip and Flop\" on the title screen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Communications in Somalia",
"paragraph_text": "After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Netopia",
"paragraph_text": "Netopia was a company headquartered in Emeryville, California that produced a variety of broadband products including modems, routers, gateways, and Wi-Fi devices. The company also produced the NBBS (Netopia Broadband Server Software), as well as the Timbuktu remote administration software. The company was founded in 1986 as Farallon Computing and changed its name to Netopia in 1998. Farallon Computing originated PhoneNet, which was an implementation of LocalTalk over plain telephone wiring. Netopia was acquired by Motorola in the first quarter of 2007.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "XS4ALL",
"paragraph_text": "In December 1998, XS4ALL was sold to the Dutch incumbent phone company KPN. Many of the original employees, especially system managers, still work there.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "History of Nokia",
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the merger of Nokia and Salora resulted in the establishment of ``Mobira Oy ''. Mobira developed mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network, called the`` 1G'' and was the first fully automatic cellular phone system. It became commercially available in 1981. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the ``Mobira Senator ''for NMT -- 450 networks.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the first flip phone by the company Netopia is part of come out?
|
[
{
"id": 141460,
"question": "What company is Netopia part of?",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 53794,
"question": "when did the first #1 flip phone come out",
"answer": "January 3, 1996",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
January 3, 1996
|
[] | true |
2hop__143889_121865
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Do I",
"paragraph_text": "\"Do I\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released in May 2009 as the lead-off single from his album \"Doin' My Thing\". Bryan co-wrote the song with Dave Haywood and Charles Kelley of the group Lady Antebellum, whose co-lead singer Hillary Scott is featured on background vocals. \"Do I\" is about a couple questioning the status of their relationship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "I Will Survive (Doin' It My Way)",
"paragraph_text": "I Will Survive (Doin' It My Way) is the second studio album by American R&B singer-songwriter Chantay Savage, released March 1996 on RCA Records. Production for the album was handled by several producers, including Tim & Bob, Kay Fingers, Steve \"Silk\" Hurley, Grand Puba, Chucky Thompson, and others. \"I Will Survive (Doin' It My Way)\" peaked at number 14 on the \"Billboard\" Top R&B Albums chart. The album's lead single, a downtempo cover of Gloria Gaynor's \"I Will Survive\", peaked at number 5 on the Hot R&B Singles chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Hi, How Ya Doin'?",
"paragraph_text": "\"Hi, How Ya Doin'?\" is a song written by Steve Horton and performed by Kenny G, released by Arista Records. Uncredited vocals were provided by Barry Johnson. It reached number 23 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" R&B Singles chart in 1984.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kinfolk (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Kinfolk is the debut and only album by American rap duo Ali & Gipp, released on August 14, 2007, through Derrty Entertainment and Universal Records. The first single off the album was already released, called \"Go 'Head\" featuring Chocolate Tai. The second single is \"N da Paint\" featuring Nelly. The third single is \"Work Dat, Twerk Dat\" featuring Murphy Lee. The fourth and final single is \"Almost Made Ya\" featuring LeToya Luckett.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Let It Go",
"paragraph_text": "``Let It Go ''is a song from Disney's 2013 animated feature film Frozen, whose music and lyrics were composed by husband - and - wife songwriting team Kristen Anderson - Lopez and Robert Lopez. The song was performed in its original show - tune version in the film by American actress and singer Idina Menzel in her vocal role as Queen Elsa. Anderson - Lopez and Lopez also composed a simplified pop version (with shorter lyrics and background chorus) which was performed by actress and singer Demi Lovato over the start of the film's closing credits. A music video was separately released for the pop version.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Someone Else Calling You Baby",
"paragraph_text": "``Someone Else Calling You Baby ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released in August 2010 as the third and final single from his album Doin 'My Thing. The song became his second number one hit on the US Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in February 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "When I Held Ya",
"paragraph_text": "\"When I Held Ya\" is a song performed by singer Moa Lignell, who finished third on Swedish Idol 2011. The song was released on 20 January 2012 as a Digital download on iTunes in Sweden. The song has peaked to number 4 on the Swedish Singles Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Heisman Trophy",
"paragraph_text": "The Heisman Memorial Trophy (usually known colloquially as the Heisman Trophy or The Heisman), is awarded annually to the most outstanding player in college football in the United States whose performance best exhibits the pursuit of excellence with integrity. Winners epitomize great ability combined with diligence, perseverance, and hard work. It is presented by the Heisman Trophy Trust in early December before the postseason bowl games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Emil Oskar Nobel",
"paragraph_text": "Emil Oskar Nobel (; ; also Oscar; 1843 – 3 September 1864) was a member of the Nobel family, the youngest son of Immanuel Nobel, and of his wife Caroline Andrietta Ahlsell. He was the brother of Robert Nobel, Ludvig Nobel and Alfred Nobel. He was the only one of the Nobel family to go to college, going to the Swedish University of Uppsala. Emil died on September 3, 1864, the victim of an explosion while experimenting with nitroglycerine in his father's factory in Heleneborg, Stockholm. His brother Alfred later managed to stabilize dynamite with a diatomaceous earth called kieselguhr. Alfred was not in the factory at the time of Emil’s death.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_text": "Kenny G attended Whitworth Elementary School, Sharples Junior High School, Franklin High School, and the University of Washington, all in his home city of Seattle. When he entered high school he failed at his first attempt to get into the jazz band but tried again the following year and earned first chair. His Franklin High School classmate Robert Damper (piano, keyboards) plays in his band. In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Daniel Truhitte",
"paragraph_text": "Daniel Lee Truhitte (born September 10, 1943 in Sacramento, California) is an American actor, best known for his portrayal of Rolfe Gruber, the young Austrian telegraph delivery boy who performed ``Sixteen Going on Seventeen '', in the film The Sound of Music (1965). Truhitte is a singer, actor, dancer, and teacher of young performers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "David Kassan",
"paragraph_text": "David Kassan received his B.F.A. in 1999 from the College of Visual and Performing Arts at Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY. He continued his studies at The National Academy, and the Art Students League of New York, both in Manhattan",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Yagodina Knoll",
"paragraph_text": "Yagodina Knoll (, ‘Yagodinska Mogila’ \\'ya-go-din-ska mo-'gi-la\\) is the ice-covered hill rising to 530 m at the northeast extremity of Trinity Peninsula in Graham Land, Antarctica. It is surmounting Mott Snowfield to the southwest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Anna (Go to Him)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Anna (Go to Him)\", or simply \"Anna\", is a song written and originally recorded by Arthur Alexander. His version was released as a single by Dot Records on September 17, 1962. A cover version was performed by English rock group the Beatles and included on their 1963 debut album \"Please Please Me\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Richard Rawlinson",
"paragraph_text": "Richard Rawlinson was a younger son of Sir Thomas Rawlinson (1647–1708), Lord Mayor of the City of London in 1705-6, and a brother of Thomas Rawlinson (1681–1725), the bibliophile who ruined himself in the South Sea Company, at whose sale in 1734 Richard bought many of the Orientalia. He was educated at St Paul's School, at Eton College, and at St John's College, Oxford. In 1714, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, where he was inducted by Newton. Rawlinson was a strong supporter of the exiled Stuarts and in 1716 was ordained as a Deacon and then priest in the nonjuring Church of England (see Nonjuring schism) and Jacobite. The ceremony was performed by the non-juring Usager bishop, Jeremy Collier. Rawlinson was, in 1728, consecrated as a Bishop in the nonjuring church by Bishops Gandy, Blackbourne and Doughty. On Blackbourne's death he became the senior nonjuring Bishop in London but seems to have given up his clerical duties later in his life.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Music of The Lord of the Rings film series",
"paragraph_text": "``Gollum's Song ''(The Two Towers) performed by Emilíana Torrini is musically related to Gollum's Pity Theme. The lyrics are by Fran Walsh. Released as a Single and as a music video featuring footage from the film. The song was to have been performed by Björk, whose name actually appeared in the closing credits of the film as shown in theaters; Björk had to decline because of her pregnancy, however, and Torrini was credited in the DVD. This track is also titled`` Long Ways to Go Yet,'' in The Complete Recordings. This version of the track includes additional instrumental music at the end, making it a medley of themes to cap off the album. Artist Geoff Keezer has released a jazz piano version of the song. Unrelated to the song of the same name in the book.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Must Be Doin' Somethin' Right",
"paragraph_text": "``Must Be Doin 'Somethin' Right ''is a song written by Marty Dodson and Patrick Jason Matthews, and recorded by American country music singer Billy Currington. It was released in May 2005 as the first single from Currington's album Doin 'Somethin' Right. The song reached the top of the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is a 2002 American comedy-drama film starring an ensemble cast headed by Sandra Bullock, directed and written by Callie Khouri. It is based on Rebecca Wells' novel of the same name and its prequel collection of short stories, \"Little Altars Everywhere\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Romeo and Juliet",
"paragraph_text": "Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star - crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families. It was among Shakespeare's most popular plays during his lifetime and along with Hamlet, is one of his most frequently performed plays. Today, the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Hey Ya!",
"paragraph_text": "``Hey Ya! ''is a song written and produced by André 3000 for his 2003 album The Love Below, part of the hip hop duo OutKast's double album Speakerboxxx / The Love Below.`` Hey Ya!'' takes influence from funk, rap and rock music. Its music video features a live performance by a band, all eight of whose members are played by André 3000, that mimics the Beatles' 1964 performance on The Ed Sullivan Show. The song received praise from contemporary music critics, and won the award for Best Urban / Alternative Performance at the 46th Grammy Awards. His version of the song has also appeared on the soundtrack of Flight of the Phoenix (2004). The song was also featured on the 2004 compilation album Now That's What I Call Music! 16 and was performed at the 2004 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the performer of the song Hi, How Ya Doin'?? attend?
|
[
{
"id": 143889,
"question": "Whose performance is Hi, How Ya Doin'??",
"answer": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 121865,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "University of Washington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
University of Washington
|
[
"Franklin High School"
] | true |
2hop__624482_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Golden Era Mixtape 2011",
"paragraph_text": "Golden Era Mixtape 2011 is a mixtape by all artists signed to Australian Hip hop label Golden Era Records. It was released as a free download on 17 January 2011 on the Golden Era Records website. In an interview about the mixtape on Triple J, Suffa of the Hilltop Hoods said that \"everyone's been downloading it so much that the website has crashed\". There is not going to be a commercial release of the album, although physical copies were distributed free with purchases of Golden Era releases and at gigs featuring Golden Era artists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "This Ain't No Mixtape",
"paragraph_text": "This Ain't No Mixtape is the debut studio album by American rapper Curren$y. It was released digitally on April 21, 2009, while it was released physically on June 28, 2011, by Amalgam Digital. The entire album was produced by Monsta Beatz. Following the release, Curren$y has released a series of highly touted mixtapes. For the hence of the album's title, along with the album cover has taken its inspiration from the video game \"\" (2002).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Arcus Odyssey",
"paragraph_text": "Arcus Odyssey is an action role-playing game video game developed by Wolf Team and released by Renovation Products in 1991 for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis and Sharp X68000 and in 1993 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. The game features an isometric perspective and cooperative gameplay, as well hack and slash gameplay. It tells the story of four heroes trying to thwart the return of an evil sorceress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Best Day Ever (mixtape)",
"paragraph_text": "Best Day Ever is the fifth mixtape by American rapper Mac Miller. This mixtape was released online March 11, 2011. Over 20,000 viewers joined Miller for a live video stream just prior to releasing the tape. The mixtape consists of 16 songs produced by nine producers (predominantly ID Labs).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "History of video games",
"paragraph_text": "The Magnavox Odyssey never caught on with the public, due largely to the limited functionality of its primitive technology. By the middle of the 1970s, however, the ball - and - paddle craze in the arcade had ignited public interest in video games and continuing advances in integrated circuits had resulted in large - scale integration (LSI) microchips cheap enough to be incorporated into a consumer product. In 1975, Magnavox reduced the part count of the Odyssey using a three - chip set created by Texas Instruments and released two new systems that only played ball - and - paddle games, the Odyssey 100 and Odyssey 200. Atari, meanwhile, entered the consumer market that same year with the single - chip Home Pong system designed by Harold Lee. The next year, General Instrument released a ``Pong - on - a-chip ''LSI and made it available at a low price to any interested company. Toy company Coleco Industries used this chip to create the million - selling Telstar console model series (1976 -- 77), while dozens of other companies released models as well. Overall, sales of dedicated ball - and - paddle systems in the U.S. grew from 350,000 in 1975 to a peak of 5 -- 6 million in 1977. A similar boom hit the United Kingdom and other parts of Europe, with much of the market supplied by clone manufacturers in Hong Kong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Nintendo",
"paragraph_text": "Nintendo's first venture into the video gaming industry was securing rights to distribute the Magnavox Odyssey video game console in Japan in 1974. Nintendo began to produce its own hardware in 1977, with the Color TV - Game home video game consoles. Four versions of these consoles were produced, each including variations of a single game (for example, Color TV Game 6 featured six versions of Light Tennis).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Iliad",
"paragraph_text": "The Iliad is paired with something of a sequel, the Odyssey, also attributed to Homer. Along with the Odyssey, the Iliad is among the oldest extant works of Western literature, and its written version is usually dated to around the 8th century BC. Recent statistical modelling based on language evolution gives a date of 760 -- 710 BC. In the modern vulgate (the standard accepted version), the Iliad contains 15,693 lines; it is written in Homeric Greek, a literary amalgam of Ionic Greek and other dialects.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "AND 1 Streetball",
"paragraph_text": "AND 1 Streetball is a streetball video game for PlayStation 2 and Xbox, developed by Black Ops Entertainment and published by Ubisoft. The game was released on June 6, 2006, in conjunction with the AND1 Mixtape Tour. A scaled-down, mobile version of the game, developed by Gameloft, was also released.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Odyssey Mixtape",
"paragraph_text": "The Odyssey Mixtape is the first mixtape album by dancehall artist Sean Paul, released four months after his fourth studio album, Imperial Blaze. It is entirely self-produced by Paul. The image used for the album cover is a slightly modified reversed version of the one on the back of the Imperial Blaze album.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Beast Mode (mixtape)",
"paragraph_text": "Beast Mode is the tenth mixtape by American rapper Future, released in collaboration with Atlanta producer Zaytoven. It came out on January 15, 2015. Along with Monster and 56 Nights, it is considered part of ``a trilogy of album - quality mixtapes ''that Future released following Honest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Flatbush Zombies",
"paragraph_text": "On July 29, 2013, Flatbush Zombies released a YouTube video announcing their second mixtape, BetterOffDEAD, which was released at 9: 11 PM on September 11, 2013. Along with ``MRAZ, ''the singles`` Palm Trees'' and ``222 '', are included on the nineteen track mixtape BetterOffDEAD. Though Elliott is the main producer, Harry Fraud and Obey City also provide production on the mixtape. Danny Brown and Action Bronson appear on the tracks`` Drug Parade'' and ``Club Soda ''respectively. The mixtape was met with critical acclaim. It would end up being ranked at number 17 on XXL's list of the best mixtapes of 2013. A remixed version of My Team Supreme featuring Bodega Bamz was featured in NBA Live 15. Flatbush Zombies also released the video for`` MRAZ'', a track off the group's mixtape BetterOffDEAD.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Odyssey (James Blood Ulmer album)",
"paragraph_text": "Odyssey is an album by American guitarist James Blood Ulmer, recorded in 1983 and released on the Columbia label. It was Ulmer's final of three albums recorded for a major label. The musicians on this album later re-united as The Odyssey Band and Odyssey The Band.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Video game console",
"paragraph_text": "The first video games appeared in the 1960s. They were played on massive computers connected to vector displays, not analog televisions. Ralph H. Baer conceived the idea of a home video game in 1951. In the late 1960s, while working for Sanders Associates, Baer created a series of video game console designs. One of these designs, which gained the nickname of the 1966 ``Brown Box '', featured changeable game modes and was demonstrated to several TV manufacturers, ultimately leading to an agreement between Sanders Associates and Magnavox. In 1972, Magnavox released the Magnavox Odyssey, the first home video game console which could be connected to a TV set. Ralph Baer's initial design had called for a huge row of switches that would allow players to turn on and off certain components of the console (the Odyssey lacked a CPU) to create slightly different games like tennis, volleyball, hockey, and chase. Magnavox replaced the switch design with separate cartridges for each game. Although Baer had sketched up ideas for cartridges that could include new components for new games, the carts released by Magnavox all served the same function as the switches and allowed players to choose from the Odyssey's built - in games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "2001: A Space Odyssey (score)",
"paragraph_text": "The 2001: A Space Odyssey score is an unused film score composed by Alex North for Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film, 2001: A Space Odyssey.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Lil Peep",
"paragraph_text": "In 2015, Åhr released his first mixtape, Lil Peep Part One, which generated 4,000 plays in its first week. Shortly thereafter, he released his first extended play, Feelz, and another mixtape, Live Forever.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Pénélope",
"paragraph_text": "Pénélope is an opera in three acts by the French composer Gabriel Fauré. The libretto, by René Fauchois is based on Homer's \"Odyssey\". It was first performed at the Salle Garnier, Monte Carlo on 4 March 1913. The piece is dedicated to Camille Saint-Saëns.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Unorthodox (Joey Badass song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Unorthodox\" is the debut single by American hip hop recording artist Joey Badass, taken from his second solo mixtape, \"Summer Knights\". The song was produced by DJ Premier. \"Unorthodox\" was released as the mixtape's first single on January 14, 2013 on iTunes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the guest model in the She Doesn't Mind video by artist behind The Odyssey Mixtape?
|
[
{
"id": 624482,
"question": "The Odyssey Mixtape >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__649197_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jeep Jamboree: Off Road Adventure",
"paragraph_text": "Jeep Jamboree: Off Road Adventure is a Game Boy racing video game that involves Jeep Wrangler vehicles. This game was later recycled for use in the video game \"Race Days\" (also for the Game Boy).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "High Stakes Gambling",
"paragraph_text": "High Stakes Gambling is a Game Boy casino video game that takes place during the Great Depression in the 1930s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Shelly Peiken",
"paragraph_text": "Shelly Meg Peiken is an American songwriter who is best known for co-writing the US #1 hits \"What A Girl Wants\" and \"Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)\" by Christina Aguilera the US #2 hit \"Bitch\" by Meredith Brooks, and the US #16 hit \"Almost Doesn't Count\" by Brandy. She has also written for or with Britney Spears, Natasha Bedingfield, Keith Urban, Celine Dion, Cher, Reba McEntire, Laura Pausini, NSYNC, Miley Cyrus, Ed Sheeran, Aaliyah, Selena Gomez, Idina Menzel and Demi Lovato.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Johnny Brennan",
"paragraph_text": "In 1995, Johnny Brennan wrote and starred with Ahmed in a motion picture portraying the antics of Johnny's Jerky Boys characters called The Jerky Boys: The Movie (the film was shot between April and June 1994). In 1997, Johnny appeared in the Mariah Carey music video ``Honey ''. Brennan is more recently known for his voice work in the emmy - nominated animated series Family Guy where he performs the voices of Mort Goldman (whose voice and mannerisms are almost identical to that of his Jerky Boys character Sol Rosenberg) and Horace the bartender of the Drunken Clam. He appears as himself as a member of the Jerky Boys in an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast in 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Parveen Babi",
"paragraph_text": "Parveen Babi (4 April 1949 – 20 January 2005) was an Indian film actress, model, and an interior designer. She is most remembered for her appearances in popular commercial films and playing mostly glamorous roles alongside top heroes of the 1970s and early 1980s. Regarded as one of the most glamorous actresses in the history of Hindi Cinema, Parveen Babi was one of the highest paid actresses of her time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "David Rudman",
"paragraph_text": "David Rudman has been a Sesame Street muppet performer since 1985 -- currently performing Cookie Monster, Baby Bear and The Two - Headed Monster. He has received four Emmy nominations as Outstanding Performer in a Children's Series for his work on Sesame Street. Rudman has also directed several web videos for Sesame Street such as ``Cookie Monster Auditions for Saturday Night Live ''and`` Conversations with Bert.'' He has performed in numerous television shows and specials including Saturday Night Live, The Colbert Report, The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon, Jimmy Kimmel Live! and The Muppets, where he performed Scooter and Janice. His film credits include The Muppets Take Manhattan, Labyrinth, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, A Muppet Christmas Carol, Elmo in Grouchland, The Muppets and Muppets Most Wanted. Following the departure of Steve Whitmire in 2017, he became Beaker's new voice performer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Dancing in the Dark (Bruce Springsteen song)",
"paragraph_text": "Directed by Brian De Palma, the video was shot at the Saint Paul Civic Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on June 28 and 29, 1984. The first night was a pure video shot, the second was on the opening date of the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band performed the song twice during that show to allow Brian De Palma to get all the footage he needed. The video is a straight performance video, with Springsteen not playing a guitar, allowing him to invite a young woman from the audience, performed by Courteney Cox, to dance along with him on the stage at the end. In September 1985, the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Stage Performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Timber (Pitbull song)",
"paragraph_text": "Kesha filmed her scenes on November 5, 2013 while Pitbull filmed his scenes one week later on November 12, 2013. The video also features a cameo by Italian model Raffaella Modugno and The Bloody Jug Band, an Orlando - based Americana Group, who perform on stage as the bar's house band. The beach scenes were filmed in Exuma islands, Bahamas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Baby Boy (Beyoncé song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Baby Boy\" is a song by American singer Beyoncé featuring Jamaican dancehall singer Sean Paul from Beyoncé's debut solo studio album \"Dangerously in Love\" (2003). Both artists co-wrote the song with Scott Storch, Robert Waller and Shawn \"Jay-Z\" Carter; the former also co-produced the song. Containing a lyrical interpolation of \"No Fear\" by hip hop group O.G.C, \"Baby Boy\" is an R&B and dancehall song with reggae and Arabic music influences; its lyrics detail a woman's fantasies.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Katherine Dieckmann",
"paragraph_text": "Katherine Dieckmann is an American film and music video director known for her work with R.E.M. and the feature films \"Good Baby\" and \"Diggers\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Beastie Boys",
"paragraph_text": "On November 13, 1982, the Beastie Boys played Philip Pucci's birthday for the purposes of his short concert film of the Beastie Boys, \"Beastie\". Pucci held the concert in Bard College's Preston Drama Dance Department Theatre. This performance marked the Beastie Boys' first on screen appearance in a published motion picture. Pucci's concept for \"Beastie\" was to distribute a mixture of both a half dozen 16 mm Bell & Howell Filmo cameras, and 16 mm Bolex cameras to audience members and ask that they capture the Beastie Boys performance from the audience's own point of view while a master sync sound camera filmed from the balcony of the abandoned theater where the performance was held. The opening band for that performance was The Young and the Useless, which featured Adam Horovitz as the lead singer. A one-minute clip of \"Beastie\" was subsequently excerpted and licensed by the Beastie Boys for use in the \"Egg Raid on Mojo\" segment of the \"Skills to Pay the Bills\" long-form home video released by Capitol Records. \"Skills to Pay the Bills\" later went on to be certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Tharu people",
"paragraph_text": "Traditionally, marriages were often arranged during the pregnancies of two women. If they gave birth to opposite sex babies, the two babies were supposed to be married if they grew up as friends. It was problematic if a boy or girl came of age and rejected their assigned fiancé(e). Finding a replacement was difficult because most girls and boys were already engaged. However this custom has been disappearing. Most Tharus now practice conventional arranged marriages. They also practice love marriages, inter caste marriage, marriage after courtship and eloping.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Last Thing on My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "``The Last Thing on My Mind ''is a song written by American musician and singer - songwriter Tom Paxton in the early 1960s and recorded first by Paxton in 1964. The song was released on Paxton's 1964 album Ramblin 'Boy, which was his first album released on Elektra Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Bree Van de Kamp",
"paragraph_text": "In season four, Bree and Orson struggle to make people think she is pregnant but is dismayed by people wanting to feel the baby move. Phyllis, Rex's mother, discovers Bree's pregnancy hoax and tries convincing Danielle to raise the child herself. Bree and Orson, however, persuade Danielle to give them the baby by offering to send her to college and buy her a convertible. Danielle has a baby boy and gives him to Bree -- who names him Benjamin Tyson Hodge (surname later changed to Katz) -- and agrees that Bree and Orson will raise him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "...Baby One More Time (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``... Baby One More Time ''Single by Britney Spears from the album... Baby One More Time B - side`` Autumn Goodbye'' Released September 30, 1998 Format Cassette single CD single 12 ''Recorded 1998; Cheiron Studios (Stockholm, Sweden) Genre Teen pop dance - pop Length 3: 31 Label Jive Songwriter (s) Max Martin Producer (s) Max Martin Rami Britney Spears singles chronology ``... Baby One More Time'' (1998)`` Sometimes ''(1999) ``... Baby One More Time'' (1998)`` Sometimes ''(1999) Music video ``... Baby One More Time'' on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Pakorn Chatborirak",
"paragraph_text": "Pakorn Chatborirak (; ; born August 20, 1984 in Thailand), nickname Boy (; ), is a Thai model, actor attached to Channel 3 and pharmacist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Stacy's Mom",
"paragraph_text": "The music video, directed by Chris Applebaum, features several comedic scenes illustrating the boy's attempts to get closer to Stacy's mother. ``We looked at a lot of treatments and some directors were trying to be kind of arty and subtle with it, but Chris Applebaum went completely for the jugular, ''said Schlesinger. Model Rachel Hunter plays the title role, which she accepted because she was a fan of the band and the song. The group had previously hoped to get Paulina Porizkova for the role. The clip was shot in Los Angeles in late May 2003.`` It was 7 a.m., and there was Rachel Hunter doing a striptease on the kitchen counter,'' remembered Schlesinger. The video was first sent to television in July 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What model appeared in the video for She Doesn't Mind sung by the singer featured on Baby Boy?
|
[
{
"id": 649197,
"question": "Baby Boy >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__573073_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Arthur Whealy",
"paragraph_text": "Arthur Treloar Whealy DSC & Bar DFC (2 November 1895 – 23 December 1945) was a Canadian First World War flying ace, officially credited with 27 victories.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon",
"paragraph_text": "Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Richard Nixon during his presidency. In total Nixon appointed 235 Article III federal judges, surpassing the previous record of 193 set by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Among these were 4 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States (including 1 Chief Justice), 45 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, 179 judges to the United States district courts, 3 judges to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, 3 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 1 judge to the United States Customs Court.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Chinese Exclusion Act",
"paragraph_text": "The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. The act followed the Angell Treaty of 1880, a set of revisions to the U.S. -- China Burlingame Treaty of 1868 that allowed the U.S. to suspend Chinese immigration. The act was initially intended to last for 10 years, but was renewed in 1892 with the Geary Act and made permanent in 1902. The Chinese Exclusion Act was the first law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the United States. It was repealed by the Magnuson Act on December 17, 1943.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Chinese Exclusion Act",
"paragraph_text": "The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. The act followed the Angell Treaty of 1880, a set of revisions to the US -- China Burlingame Treaty of 1868 that allowed the US to suspend Chinese immigration. The act was initially intended to last for 10 years, but was renewed in 1892 with the Geary Act and made permanent in 1902. The Chinese Exclusion Act was the first law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the United States. It was repealed by the Magnuson Act on December 17, 1943.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "2004 Haitian coup d'état",
"paragraph_text": "The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cross Timbers State Park",
"paragraph_text": "Cross Timbers State Park is a state park in Woodson County, Kansas, United States. It is located immediately south of Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Pacific War",
"paragraph_text": "Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, the 800,000-member America First Committee vehemently opposed any American intervention in the European conflict, even as America sold military aid to Britain and the Soviet Union through the Lend-Lease program. Opposition to war in the U.S. vanished after the attack. On 8 December, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and the Netherlands declared war on Japan, followed by China and Australia the next day. Four days after Pearl Harbor, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy declared war on the United States, drawing the country into a two-theater war. This is widely agreed to be a grand strategic blunder, as it abrogated the benefit Germany gained by Japan's distraction of the U.S. (predicted months before in a memo by Commander Arthur McCollum)[nb 12] and the reduction in aid to Britain, which both Congress and Hitler had managed to avoid during over a year of mutual provocation, which would otherwise have resulted.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saranac Inn",
"paragraph_text": "The Saranac Inn was a large, luxurious hotel located on a peninsula at the northern end of the Upper Saranac Lake in the town of Santa Clara in the Adirondacks in New York State, United States. It was frequented by US Presidents Grover Cleveland and Chester A. Arthur and New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes. It closed in 1962, and burned to the ground in 1978.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Arthur Hamerschlag",
"paragraph_text": "Arthur Arton Hamerschlag (November 25, 1872 – July 20, 1927) was an American electrical and mechanical engineer who served as the first President of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The President Show",
"paragraph_text": "The President Show is a television comedy series that premiered on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. The show is created by and stars Anthony Atamanuik as Donald Trump, the President of the United States. Peter Grosz co-stars as Mike Pence, the Vice President. It airs on Thursdays at 11: 30 pm (EST), following The Daily Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra",
"paragraph_text": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was U.S. president immediately following the conflict in which Arthur Whealy took part?
|
[
{
"id": 573073,
"question": "Arthur Whealy >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__499980_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Bobo (gorilla)",
"paragraph_text": "Bobo (1951–1968) was a western lowland gorilla (\"Gorilla gorilla gorilla\") who was a prominent feature of Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle, Washington, USA, from 1953 until his early death at 17 (less than half his normal lifespan). As a publicly accessible gorilla in the wake of \"King Kong\", Bobo was one of Seattle's most prominent attractions before the construction of the Space Needle and the introduction of professional sports to the city. After his death, Bobo's skin was stuffed and placed on display at Seattle's Museum of History and Industry. The remainder of his body was turned over to the University of Washington's Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture for research purposes; however, the skull went missing shortly after his autopsy and wasn't reunited with the rest of the skeleton until 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Eugène Criqui",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Criqui (August 15, 1893 – July 7, 1977) was a French boxer who held the World Featherweight title in 1923. After his death, he was added to the International Boxing Hall of Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Albano Carrisi",
"paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Joseph Raphael",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Raphael (1869–1950) was an American Impressionist painter who spent most of his career as an expatriate but maintained close ties with the artistic community of San Francisco, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Pub",
"paragraph_text": "The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mohamed Nagy Museum",
"paragraph_text": "Mohamed Nagy Museum is a photography and biographical art history museum located at 9 Mahmoud El Gendi Street, close to the Giza Plateau, in the Haram district of Giza, in the southwest of the Greater Cairo metropolis, Egypt. It was initially Mohamed Nagy's studio which he founded in 1952. Nagy was a pioneer of modern Egyptian photographic art and is considered in modern Egypt to be one the country's most renowned painters. After his death it was formally inaugurated as a museum on 13 July 1968 by Tharwat Okasha, the Egyptian Minister of Culture. In 1991 the museum was refurbished.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Chalkdust",
"paragraph_text": "Chalkdust, who holds a Ph.D. in history and ethnomusicology from the University of Michigan, is an Assistant Professor of History at the University of the Virgin Islands, and frequently lectures and offers workshops on the history and culture of calypso music. He is the author of the books \"Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962\" (published in 2001) and \"From the Horse’s Mouth\", a socio-cultural history of calypso from 1900 to 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Alex P. Keaton",
"paragraph_text": "Alex P. Keaton is a fictional character on the United States television sitcom Family Ties, which aired on NBC for seven seasons, from 1982 to 1989. Family Ties reflected the move in the United States away from the cultural liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between Young Republican Alex (Michael J. Fox) and his hippie parents, Steven (Michael Gross) and Elyse Keaton (Meredith Baxter). President of the United States Ronald Reagan once stated that Family Ties was his favorite television show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Eugène Eyraud",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Eyraud (1820 – 23 August 1868) was a lay friar of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary and the first Westerner to live on Easter Island.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Battle of Maloyaroslavets",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on 24 October 1812, between the Russians, under Marshal Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, and part of the corps of Eugène de Beauharnais, Napoleon's stepson, under General Alexis Joseph Delzons which numbered about 20,000 strong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Eugène Choisel",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène Choisel (1881 – March 1946) was a French track and field athlete who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. He placed fourth in the 200 metre hurdles. Choisel also competed in the 110 metre hurdles. He placed third in his first-round (semifinals) heat and did not advance to the final.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Marc Eyraud",
"paragraph_text": "Marc Eyraud (1 March 1924 – 15 February 2005) was a French film actor. He appeared in 60 films between 1956 and 1995.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Delaware and Hudson Canal Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Delaware and Hudson Canal Museum is a museum in High Falls, New York, United States specializing in the history and culture of the Delaware and Hudson Canal. It is located in a Gothic Revival chapel built in 1885 which was purchased by the Delaware & Hudson Canal Historical Society in 1975. The building is a contributing property to the High Falls Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ahmed Mater",
"paragraph_text": "Ahmed Mater (born 1979, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi artist and physician. His mediums are photography, calligraphy, painting, installation, performance and video. His work, which explores history, the narratives and aesthetics of Islamic culture, and addresses consumerism and transformation taking place in the region and its effects on geopolitics, has attracted an international audience. In 2003, he cofounded \"Edge of Arabia\", an independent arts initiative dedicated to promoting the appreciation of contemporary Arab art and culture, with a focus on Saudi Arabia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Joods Historisch Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Joods Historisch Museum (; ), part of the Jewish Cultural Quarter, is a museum in Amsterdam dedicated to Jewish history, culture and religion, in the Netherlands and worldwide. It is the only museum in the Netherlands dedicated to Jewish history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Yamnaya culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas. It is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language, along with the preceding Sredny Stog culture, now that archaeological evidence of the culture and its migrations has been closely tied to the evidence from linguistics and genetics. Significantly, there were animal grave offerings a feature associated with Proto-Indo-Europeans. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Characteristic for the culture are the burials in pit graves under kurgans (tumuli). The dead bodies were placed in a supine position with bent knees and covered in ochre. Multiple graves have been found in these kurgans, often as later insertions. The earliest remains in Ukraine of a wheeled cart were found in the \"Storozhova mohyla\" kurgan associated with the Yamnaya culture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Eugène-Melchior Péligot",
"paragraph_text": "Eugène-Melchior Péligot (24 March 1811 in Paris – 15 April 1890 in Paris), also known as Eugène Péligot, was a French chemist who isolated the first sample of uranium metal in 1841.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Yvan Goll",
"paragraph_text": "Yvan Goll (born Isaac Lang; 29 March 1891 – 27 February 1950) was a French-German poet who was bilingual and wrote in both French and German. He had close ties to both German expressionism and to French surrealism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Éléonore-Louis Godefroi Cavaignac",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Paris, the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Cavaignac and the brother of General Eugène Cavaignac; he was the uncle of Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the history and culture of the place where Eugene Eyraud died?
|
[
{
"id": 499980,
"question": "Eugène Eyraud >> place of death",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__128772_745471
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Cape Girardeau Township, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri",
"paragraph_text": "Cape Girardeau Township is one of ten townships in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 37,778.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Gmina Kłodzko",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Kłodzko is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Kłodzko, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Gmina Bełchatów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Bełchatów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bełchatów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "KAPE",
"paragraph_text": "KAPE (1550 AM, \"Cape Radio 1550\") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Cape Girardeau, Missouri. The station is owned by Withers Broadcasting and the broadcast license is held by Withers Broadcasting Company of Missouri, LLC.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Gmina Rejowiec Fabryczny",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Rejowiec Fabryczny is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Rejowiec Fabryczny, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Gmina Kwidzyn",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Gmina Chojnów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Chojnów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Chojnów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Gmina Ozorków",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Ozorków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ozorków, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bani Walid District",
"paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Gmina Jordanów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Jordanów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sucha County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Jordanów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Gmina Lubawa",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Gmina Oława",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Oława is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Oława County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Oława, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gmina Suwałki",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Gmina Sierpc",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Sierpc is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sierpc County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Sierpc, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Gmina Elbląg",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Elbląg is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Elbląg, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Gmina Grybów",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Grybów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the town of Grybów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Gmina Świdwin",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Świdwin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Świdwin, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Gmina Lipno, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Lipno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Lipno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
KAPE radio is licensed to a town in which county?
|
[
{
"id": 128772,
"question": "What town is KAPE liscensed in?",
"answer": "Cape Girardeau",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 745471,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Cape Girardeau County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Cape Girardeau County
|
[
"Cape Girardeau County, Missouri"
] | true |
2hop__816314_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "2004 Haitian coup d'état",
"paragraph_text": "The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cosh Boy",
"paragraph_text": "Cosh Boy (released in the United States as The Slasher) is a 1953 British film noir directed by Lewis Gilbert and starring James Kenney and Joan Collins. It was made at Riverside Studios in Hammersmith.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Charles Champion Gilbert",
"paragraph_text": "Charles Champion Gilbert (March 1, 1822 – January 17, 1903) was a United States Army officer during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon",
"paragraph_text": "Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Richard Nixon during his presidency. In total Nixon appointed 235 Article III federal judges, surpassing the previous record of 193 set by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Among these were 4 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States (including 1 Chief Justice), 45 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, 179 judges to the United States district courts, 3 judges to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, 3 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 1 judge to the United States Customs Court.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "United States one-dollar bill",
"paragraph_text": "The United States one - dollar bill ($1) is a denomination of United States currency. An image of the first U.S. President (1789 -- 97), George Washington, based on a painting by Gilbert Stuart, is currently featured on the obverse (front), and the Great Seal of the United States is featured on the reverse (back). The one - dollar bill has the oldest overall design of all U.S. currency currently being produced (The current two - dollar bill obverse design dates from 1928, while the reverse appeared in 1976). The obverse design of the dollar bill seen today debuted in 1963 (the reverse in 1935) when it was first issued as a Federal Reserve Note (previously, one dollar bills were Silver Certificates).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Cross Timbers State Park",
"paragraph_text": "Cross Timbers State Park is a state park in Woodson County, Kansas, United States. It is located immediately south of Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Gilbert Dyett",
"paragraph_text": "A First World War veteran of the Gallipoli Campaign, Dyett also served as Dominion President of the British Empire Services League from 1921 to 1946, and was secretary of the Victorian Trotting and Racing Association for 30 years from 1919 to 1949.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The President Show",
"paragraph_text": "The President Show is a television comedy series that premiered on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. The show is created by and stars Anthony Atamanuik as Donald Trump, the President of the United States. Peter Grosz co-stars as Mike Pence, the Vice President. It airs on Thursdays at 11: 30 pm (EST), following The Daily Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Secret Service (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Secret Service is an American action drama television series, created by Gilbert M. Shilton and George Mendeluk, which premiered on NBC on August 16, 1992 and ended on November 17, 1993. The show was a re-enactment of real Secret Service cases. It aired 21 episodes. It was hosted by Steven Ford, the youngest son of former United States President Gerald Ford and First Lady Betty Ford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mexican–American War",
"paragraph_text": "The Mexican -- American War, also known as the Mexican War and in Mexico the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 American annexation of the independent Republic of Texas, which Mexico still considered its northeastern province and a part of its territory after its de facto secession in the 1836 Texas Revolution a decade earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the president of the U.S. immediately following the conflict that Gilbert Dyett fought in?
|
[
{
"id": 816314,
"question": "Gilbert Dyett >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__353061_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Show Me (Jessica Sutta song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Show Me\" is a song by American recording artist Jessica Sutta. The song was written by Alex Geringas, Paddy Dalton and songwriter Busbee, which lyrically talks about how actions talk louder than words. Musically, the song is a club-inspired song. \"Show Me\" premiered on Idolator on August 3, 2011, and was released on August 23, 2011 via Hollywood Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Louder Than Words (album)",
"paragraph_text": "Louder Than Words is the fourth studio album by Lionel Richie, released on April 16, 1996. It also marked the first time he released a studio album of new material in ten years. In 1992 he released just three new tracks on his compilation album \"Back to Front\". \"Louder Than Words\" debuted at #33 on the \"Billboard\" 200 with a disappointing sales of 28,000 copies, and only peaked at #28.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Judge Da Boss",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Louis Carr III (born May 3, 1985), better known by his stage name Judge Da Boss, is an American rapper born in Phoenix, Arizona. On July 23, 2014, it was announced that Judge signed to Louder Than Life/Sony Records.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the performer of Louder Than Words a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 353061,
"question": "Louder Than Words >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__352484_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Katherine Healy",
"paragraph_text": "Katherine Healy (born January 26, 1969) is an American former principal ballerina who also had a professional performing career in figure skating.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "In seasons ten and eleven, a further round was added in Las Vegas, where the contestants perform in groups based on a theme, followed by one final solo round to determine the semi-finalists. At the end of this stage of the competition, 24 to 36 contestants are selected to move on to the semi-final stage. In season twelve the Las Vegas round became a Sudden Death round, where the judges had to choose five guys and five girls each night (four nights) to make the top twenty. In season thirteen, a new round called \"Hollywood or Home\" was added, where if the judges were uncertain about some contestants, those contestants were required to perform soon after landing in Los Angeles, and those who failed to impress were sent back home before they reached Hollywood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Invincible Youth",
"paragraph_text": "Invincible Youth () is a South Korean variety show which aired its first season on KBS2 from October 23, 2009 to December 24, 2010. Season 1 featured seven girls (collectively known as G7) from K-pop idol groups wherein they experience how it is to live and survive in the Korean rural outdoors. It started its second season on November 12, 2011 featuring eight girls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ballerina Girl",
"paragraph_text": "\"Ballerina Girl\" is a 1986 song written and recorded by Lionel Richie. The song is a track from Richie's \"Dancing on the Ceiling\" album. \"Ballerina Girl\" peaked at number five on the soul charts. The song was also the last of Richie's eleven number ones on the Adult Contemporary charts. \"Ballerina Girl\" spent four weeks at number one and went to number seven on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in early 1987.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the performer of Ballerina Girl a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 352484,
"question": "Ballerina Girl >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__2047_10984
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Shipping News",
"paragraph_text": "The Shipping News is a novel by American author E. Annie Proulx and published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1993. It won the Pulitzer Prize, the U.S. National Book Award, as well as other awards. It was adapted as a film of the same name which was released in 2001.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Canticle of the Sun (Sowerby)",
"paragraph_text": "The Canticle of the Sun is a musical composition by Leo Sowerby (1895–1968) setting Matthew Arnold's English translation of Francis of Assisi's \"Canticle of the Sun\" for chorus and orchestra in 1945; the work was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Music the following year. The first performance was in New York at Carnegie Hall by the Schola Cantorum and the New York Philharmonic on April 16, 1945. The first recording of it by Chicago's Grant Park Orchestra and Chorus under Carlos Kalmar was released in June 2011. The piece was commissioned by the Alice M. Ditson Fund.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Walter Mears",
"paragraph_text": "Walter Mears is a Pulitzer prize-winning American journalist with the Associated Press. Mears was also one of the Boys on the Bus that covered the 1972 presidential election between Richard Nixon and George McGovern. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1977 for his coverage of the 1976 presidential campaign. He has been inducted in the Associated Press Hall-of-Fame.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Margaret Leech",
"paragraph_text": "Margaret Kernochan Leech (November 7, 1893 – February 24, 1974), also known as Margaret Pulitzer, was an American historian and fiction writer. She won the Pulitzer Prize for History both in 1942 (\"Reveille in Washington\", Harper) (first woman to win for history) and in 1960 (\"In the Days of McKinley\", Harper).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Wall Street Journal",
"paragraph_text": "The Wall Street Journal is an American business - focused, English - language international daily newspaper based in New York City. The Journal, along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp. The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Boston Herald",
"paragraph_text": "The Boston Herald is an American daily newspaper whose primary market is Boston, Massachusetts and its surrounding area. It was founded in 1846 and is one of the oldest daily newspapers in the United States. It has been awarded eight Pulitzer Prizes in its history, including four for editorial writing and three for photography before it was converted to tabloid format in 1981. The \"Herald\" was named one of the \"10 Newspapers That 'Do It Right' in 2012 by \"Editor & Publisher\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Michael Skube",
"paragraph_text": "Skube received a Bachelor of Arts from Louisiana State University. In 1975 he began working as a freelance journalist after having worked at the Customs Service. He began writing editorials for the \"Raleigh News & Observer\" in 1982 and became a book critic for the paper in 1986. In 1989 he won the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism and the American Society of News Editors Award for Distinguished Commentary. In the mid-1990s he moved to the \"Atlanta Journal-Constitution\", where he was a book reviewer and columnist. While there, he also wrote a regular beer column that won the James Beard Foundation Journalism Award for newspaper writing on spirits, wine and beer in 2000. He left the paper in October 2000 and joined the faculty of the Elon University School of Communications in 2002, where he is now an associate professor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Bronx",
"paragraph_text": "The Bronx has several local newspapers, including The Bronx News, Parkchester News, City News, The Riverdale Press, Riverdale Review, The Bronx Times Reporter, Inner City Press (which now has more of a focus on national issues) and Co-Op City Times. Four non-profit news outlets, Norwood News, Mount Hope Monitor, Mott Haven Herald and The Hunts Point Express serve the borough's poorer communities. The editor and co-publisher of The Riverdale Press, Bernard Stein, won the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing for his editorials about Bronx and New York City issues in 1998. (Stein graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1959.)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Pulitzer Prize",
"paragraph_text": "The Pulitzer Prize / ˈpʊlɪtsər / is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States. It was established in 1917 by provisions in the will of American (Hungarian - born) Joseph Pulitzer who had made his fortune as a newspaper publisher, and is administered by Columbia University in New York City. Prizes are awarded yearly in twenty - one categories. In twenty of the categories, each winner receives a certificate and a US $15,000 cash award (raised from $10,000 in 2017). The winner in the public service category of the journalism competition is awarded a gold medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Times",
"paragraph_text": "The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, including The Times of India (founded in 1838), The Straits Times (Singapore) (1845), The New York Times (1851), The Irish Times (1859), Le Temps (France) (1861-1942), the Cape Times (South Africa) (1872), the Los Angeles Times (1881), The Seattle Times (1891), The Manila Times (1898), The Daily Times (Malawi) (1900), El Tiempo (Colombia) (1911), The Canberra Times (1926), and The Times (Malta) (1935). In these countries, the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times or The Times of London.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima",
"paragraph_text": "The photograph was first published in Sunday newspapers on February 25, 1945. It was extremely popular and was reprinted in thousands of publications. Later, it became the only photograph to win the Pulitzer Prize for Photography in the same year as its publication, and came to be regarded in the United States as one of the most significant and recognizable images of the war.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Michael Ramirez",
"paragraph_text": "Michael Patrick Ramirez (born May 11, 1961) is an American cartoonist for the \"Las Vegas Review-Journal\". His cartoons typically present conservative viewpoints. He is a two-time Pulitzer Prize winner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "More than 200 newspapers and 350 consumer magazines have an office in the city, and the publishing industry employs about 25,000 people. Two of the three national daily newspapers in the United States are New York papers: The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times, which has won the most Pulitzer Prizes for journalism. Major tabloid newspapers in the city include: The New York Daily News, which was founded in 1919 by Joseph Medill Patterson and The New York Post, founded in 1801 by Alexander Hamilton. The city also has a comprehensive ethnic press, with 270 newspapers and magazines published in more than 40 languages. El Diario La Prensa is New York's largest Spanish-language daily and the oldest in the nation. The New York Amsterdam News, published in Harlem, is a prominent African American newspaper. The Village Voice is the largest alternative newspaper.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Dan Malone",
"paragraph_text": "Danny Frank Malone (born January 22, 1955) is an American journalist, an investigative reporter who won a Pulitzer Prize. Malone currently works for the \"Fort Worth Weekly\", an alternative newspaper.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Freedom's Journal",
"paragraph_text": "Freedom's Journal was the first African-American owned and operated newspaper published in the United States. Founded by Rev. Peter Williams, Jr. and other free black men in New York City, it was published weekly starting with the 16 March 1827 issue. \"Freedom's Journal\" was superseded in 1829 by \"The Rights of All\", published between 1829 and 1830 by Samuel Cornish, the former senior editor of the \"Journal\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Social Transformation of American Medicine",
"paragraph_text": "The Social Transformation of American Medicine is a book written by Paul Starr and published by Basic Books in 1982. It won the 1984 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction as well as the Bancroft Prize.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Age of Innocence",
"paragraph_text": "The Age of Innocence is Edith Wharton's twelfth novel, initially serialized in four parts in the Pictorial Review magazine in 1920, and later released by D. Appleton and Company as a book in New York and in London. It won the 1921 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, making Wharton the first woman to win the prize. Though the committee initially agreed to award the prize to Sinclair Lewis, the judges rejected his Main Street on political grounds and ``established Wharton as the American 'First Lady of Letters' '', the irony being that the committee had awarded The Age of Innocence the prize on grounds that negated Wharton's own blatant and subtle ironies, which constitute and make the book so worthy of attention. The story is set in upper - class New York City in the 1870s, during the Gilded Age. Wharton wrote the book in her 50s, after she had established herself as a strong author with publishers clamoring for her work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "University of Chicago",
"paragraph_text": "In literature, author of the New York Times bestseller Before I Fall Lauren Oliver, Pulitzer Prize winning novelist Philip Roth, Canadian-born Pulitzer Prize and Nobel Prize for Literature winning writer Saul Bellow, political philosopher, literary critic and author of the New York Times bestseller \"The Closing of the American Mind\" Allan Bloom, ''The Good War\" author Studs Terkel, American writer, essayist, filmmaker, teacher, and political activist Susan Sontag, analytic philosopher and Stanford University Professor of Comparative Literature Richard Rorty, and American writer and satirist Kurt Vonnegut are notable alumni.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jerome Weidman",
"paragraph_text": "Jerome Weidman (April 4, 1913, New York City – October 6, 1998, New York City) was an American playwright and novelist. He collaborated with George Abbott on the book for the musical \"Fiorello!\" with music by Jerry Bock, and lyrics by Sheldon Harnick. All received the 1960 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "O Strange New World",
"paragraph_text": "O Strange New World: American Culture - The Formative Years was written by Howard Mumford Jones and published by Viking Press in 1964; it won the 1965 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What year was the start of the New York-based newspaper that has won the Pulitzer Prize for journalism?
|
[
{
"id": 2047,
"question": "Which New York-based newspaper has won the Pulitzer Prize for journalism?",
"answer": "The New York Times",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 10984,
"question": "What year did #1 start?",
"answer": "1851",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
1851
|
[] | true |
2hop__407343_121865
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Your Love's on the Line",
"paragraph_text": "\"Your Love's on the Line\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. The song was written by Conley along with Randy Scruggs, and was released in April 1983 as the lead single from the album, \"Don't Make It Easy for Me\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's third number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Finders Keepers, Lovers Weepers!",
"paragraph_text": "Finders Keepers, Lovers Weepers! is a 1968 film by Russ Meyer. The story involves the goings-on at a topless go-go bar on the Sunset Strip. Meyer himself makes an appearance in this film. The composition Finlandia by Jean Sibelius is used in one of the film's love scenes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Busy Man",
"paragraph_text": "\"Busy Man\" is a song written by Bob ReganJulian Williams and George Teren, and recorded by American country music artist Billy Ray Cyrus. It was released in August 1998 as the second single from his album \"Shot Full of Love\". The song reached a peak of number 3 on the U.S. country singles charts in early 1999, becoming his first Top 10 hit since \"Somebody New\" in 1993 and his last until \"Ready, Set, Don't Go\" in 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Let's Hear It for the Boy",
"paragraph_text": "``Let's Hear It for the Boy ''Single by Deniece Williams from the album Footloose and Let's Hear It for the Boy Released February 14, 1984 Format 7'' 12 ''Recorded Genre R&B dance - pop freestyle Length 4: 21 Label Columbia Songwriter (s) Tom Snow Dean Pitchford Producer (s) George Duke Deniece Williams singles chronology`` Love Wo n't Let Me Wait'' (1984) ``Let's Hear It for the Boy ''(1984)`` Next Love'' (1984) ``Love Wo n't Let Me Wait ''(1984)`` Let's Hear It for the Boy'' (1984) ``Next Love ''(1984)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Don't Love Make a Diamond Shine",
"paragraph_text": "\"Don't Love Make a Diamond Shine\" is a song written by Mike Dekle and Craig Wiseman, and recorded by American country music artist Tracy Byrd. It was released in May 1997 as the third and final single from the album \"Big Love\". The song reached #19 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Don't Make Me Wait for Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Don't Make Me Wait For Love\" is a song by Kenny G (featuring Lenny Williams on lead vocals), and the first single released from his 1986 album \"Duotones\". The song was written and composed by Walter Afanasieff, Preston Glass and Narada Michael Walden.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_text": "Kenny G attended Whitworth Elementary School, Sharples Junior High School, Franklin High School, and the University of Washington, all in his home city of Seattle. When he entered high school he failed at his first attempt to get into the jazz band but tried again the following year and earned first chair. His Franklin High School classmate Robert Damper (piano, keyboards) plays in his band. In addition to his studies while in high school, he took private lessons on the saxophone and clarinet from Johnny Jessen, once a week for a year.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "I Don't Want to Grow Up",
"paragraph_text": "I Don't Want to Grow Up is the second album by the American punk rock band the Descendents, released in 1985 through New Alliance Records. It marked the end of a two-year hiatus for the band, during which singer Milo Aukerman had attended college and drummer Bill Stevenson had joined Black Flag. \"I Don't Want to Grow Up\" was the first of two albums the Descendents recorded with guitarist Ray Cooper, and their last with original bassist Tony Lombardo, who quit the group because he did not want to go on tour. Though recorded quickly and without much rehearsal time, \"I Don't Want to Grow Up\" received positive reviews from critics, who praised its catchy songs, strong melodies, and pop-influenced love songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Go Your Own Way",
"paragraph_text": "``Go Your Own Way ''Single by Fleetwood Mac from the album Rumours B - side`` Silver Springs'' Released December 1976 Format 7 - inch single Recorded 1976 Studio Record Plant, Sausalito, California Wally Heider Studios, Los Angeles Criteria Studios, Miami Genre Rock Length 3: 34 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Lindsey Buckingham Producer (s) Fleetwood Mac Richard Dashut Ken Caillat Fleetwood Mac singles chronology ``Say You Love Me ''(1976)`` Go Your Own Way'' (1976) ``Do n't Stop ''(1977)`` Say You Love Me'' (1976) ``Go Your Own Way ''(1976)`` Do n't Stop'' (1977) Rumours track listing 11 tracks (show) Side one ``Second Hand News ''`` Dreams'' ``Never Going Back Again ''`` Do n't Stop'' ``Go Your Own Way ''`` Songbird'' Side two ``The Chain ''`` You Make Loving Fun'' ``I Do n't Want to Know ''`` Oh Daddy'' ``Gold Dust Woman ''Audio sample file help",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Midnight Fire",
"paragraph_text": "Midnight Fire is the second studio album by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in 1983 by RCA Records. The album produced five singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart including two top ten singles: \"Don't Your Memory Ever Sleep at Night\" at number 23, \"Midnight Fire\" at number 5, \"Lonely Women Make Good Lovers\" (a cover of a 1972 Bob Luman hit) at number 4, \"Why Goodbye\" at number 12, and \"Don't You Give Up on Love\" at number 49. The song \"Overnight Sensation\" is a duet with country superstar Barbara Mandrell, and also appears on her 1983 MCA record \"Spun Gold\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Kaathirupaen Unakaaha",
"paragraph_text": "Kaathirupaen Unakaaha, (I will wait for you) is a romantic love story filmed in Sri Lanka in 1976 and released in 1977.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me",
"paragraph_text": "``(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me ''is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fifth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles`` Fake'', ``Criticize '',`` Never Knew Love Like This'', and ``The Lovers '',`` (What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me'' was released as the album's fifth single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "One Night of Love",
"paragraph_text": "One Night of Love is a 1934 American Columbia Pictures romantic musical film set in the opera world, starring Grace Moore and Tullio Carminati. The film was directed by Victor Schertzinger and adapted from the story, \"Don't Fall in Love\", by Charles Beahan and Dorothy Speare.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Waiting on the World to Change",
"paragraph_text": "``Waiting on the World to Change ''Single by John Mayer from the album Continuum Released July 11, 2006 Format CD digital download Recorded June 2006 Genre Blue - eyed soul pop rock blues rock Length 3: 18 Label Aware Columbia Sony Songwriter (s) John Mayer Producer (s) Steve Jordan John Mayer John Mayer singles chronology`` Go!'' (2005) ``Waiting on the World to Change ''(2006)`` Belief'' (2006) ``Go! ''(2005)`` Waiting on the World to Change'' (2006) ``Belief ''(2006) Limited edition EP cover art",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Don't Wanna Be Here",
"paragraph_text": "Don't Wanna Be Here was the first single for the band Cool for August and was also released as a CD single in Australia in 1997. Contains the b-side cover of the Merle Haggard song, \"You Don't Have Very Far to Go\" which also appeared on the band's \"MilkinSorgin EP\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "See You Next Tuesday (band)",
"paragraph_text": "See You Next Tuesday is an American deathcore band from Bay City, Michigan. They were signed to Ferret Records, an independent record label based in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The group released two full-length studio albums through Ferret before disestablishing in 2009 due to financial problems and personal overtures. On May 22, 2015, they announced that they will make a one-off appearance to perform at Don't Call It A Fest II on September 12, 2015. Following the performance, the band announced it would extend the reunion and would be reforming.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Baby Don't Go – Sonny & Cher and Friends",
"paragraph_text": "The title track \"Baby Don't Go\" was first released in 1964 and was a minor regional hit. Then following the duo's big success with \"I Got You Babe\" in the summer of 1965, \"Baby Don't Go\" was re-released by Reprise later that year and became another huge hit for Sonny & Cher, reaching the top ten in the U.S. and doing well in the UK and elsewhere, going as far as reaching number one in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Don't You Know How Much I Love You",
"paragraph_text": "\"Don't You Know How Much I Love You\" is a song written by Michael Stewart and Dan Williams, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie Milsap. It was released in July 1983 as the second single from the album \"Keyed Up\". \"Don't You Know How Much I Love You\" was Ronnie Milsap's twenty-third number one country hit. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "E. G. Daily",
"paragraph_text": "Also in 1985, she provided back - up vocals for The Human League front - man Philip Oakey's debut solo album, Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder. That same year, she appeared in the comedy film Better Off Dead, singing the songs ``One Way Love (Better Off Dead) ''and`` A Little Luck'' as a member of a band performing at a high school dance. Both songs were included on the soundtrack album credited to E.G. Daily. She performed a song on The Breakfast Club soundtrack called ``Waiting ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Heartland (The Judds album)",
"paragraph_text": "Heartland is the third studio album released by RCA Records in 1987 by the American country music duo The Judds. It features the singles \"Don't Be Cruel\" (a cover of the Elvis Presley song), \"Turn It Loose\", and \"I Know Where I'm Going\". The album was released in Europe under the title \"Give a Little Love\", as a 15-track compilation. It reached number 1 on England's country album charts in 1987, soon after The Judds toured there.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What college did the performer of Don't Make Me Wait for Love go to?
|
[
{
"id": 407343,
"question": "Don't Make Me Wait for Love >> performer",
"answer": "Kenny G",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 121865,
"question": "What college did #1 go to?",
"answer": "University of Washington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
University of Washington
|
[
"Franklin High School"
] | true |
2hop__141976_385803
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "My Heart Has a History",
"paragraph_text": "\"My Heart Has a History\" is a debut song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Paul Brandt. It was released in March 1996 as the first single from his debut album \"Calm Before the Storm\". It peaked at #5 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, while it was a Number One on the now-defunct \"RPM\" Canadian Singles Chart. The song was written by Brandt and Mark D. Sanders.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "God Must Be a Cowboy",
"paragraph_text": "\"God Must Be a Cowboy\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dan Seals. It was released in January 1984 as the fourth and final single from his album \"Rebel Heart\". It was also his first top 10 hit, reaching #10. It is also the album's most successful single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Love Out Loud (Earl Thomas Conley song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love Out Loud\" is a song written by Thom Schuyler, and recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. It was released in March 1989 as the fourth single from the album \"The Heart of It All\". The song was Conley's eighteenth and final number one on the country chart as a solo artist. The single went to number one for one week and spent fifteen weeks on the country chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Heart Healer",
"paragraph_text": "\"Heart Healer\" is a song written by John Greenebaum and Tomas Gmeiner, and recorded by American country music artist Mel Tillis. It was released in December 1976 as the first single and title track from the album \"Heart Healer\". The song was Mel Tillis' third number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for one week and spent a total of nine weeks on the country chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Kitty Wells albums discography",
"paragraph_text": "The albums discography of Kitty Wells, an American country artist, consists of thirty-six studio albums, eleven compilation albums, and one box set. Wells' first album release was 1956's \"Country Hit Parade\" on Decca Records, which compiled her hits during her first four years of recording for the label. Prior to its release, many labels were reluctant to release albums by female country artists until Wells became the first female vocalist to sell records. Following its release, Wells and her label issued three studio albums during the 1950s: \"Winner of Your Heart\" (1957), \"Lonely Street\" (1958), and \"Dust on the Bible\" (1959). After the success of Wells' number one single \"Heartbreak U.S.A.\" in 1961, an album of the same name was released the same year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Never Had It So Good",
"paragraph_text": "\"Never Had It So Good\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in September 1989 as the second single from the album \"State of the Heart\". The song reached #8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Carpenter and John Jennings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain",
"paragraph_text": "``Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain ''is a song written by songwriter Fred Rose. Originally performed by Roy Acuff, the song has been covered by many artist; such as Hank Williams Sr. and Charlie Pride. Also the song was later recorded by Willie Nelson as part of his 1975 album Red Headed Stranger. Both the song and album would become iconic in country music history, and jump start Nelson's success as a singer and recording artist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Heart That You Own",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Heart That You Own\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam. It was released in April 1992 as the fifth single from his album \"If There Was a Way\". This song peaked at number 18 in the United States and at number 13 in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Music Won't Break Your Heart",
"paragraph_text": "\"Music Won't Break Your Heart\" is a song by Australian-New Zealand recording artist Stan Walker, from his third studio album \"Let the Music Play\" (2011). It was released digitally on 23 March 2012 as the third single from the album. \"Music Won't Break Your Heart\" peaked at number 25 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and number 32 on the New Zealand Singles Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kanye West",
"paragraph_text": "West got his big break in the year 2000, when he began to produce for artists on Roc-A-Fella Records. West came to achieve recognition and is often credited with revitalizing Jay-Z's career with his contributions to the rap mogul's influential 2001 album The Blueprint. The Blueprint is consistently ranked among the greatest hip-hop albums, and the critical and financial success of the album generated substantial interest in West as a producer. Serving as an in-house producer for Roc-A-Fella Records, West produced records for other artists from the label, including Beanie Sigel, Freeway, and Cam'ron. He also crafted hit songs for Ludacris, Alicia Keys, and Janet Jackson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "It's Alright with Me",
"paragraph_text": "It's Alright with Me is recording artist Patti LaBelle's third album, released on Epic Records in 1979. This album was released in quick succession following the release of the singer's sophomore solo album, \"Tasty\", released in March 1979. The album was produced by hitmaker Skip Scarborough. The album became successful upon release due to the popularity of the songs \"Come What May\" and \"Music is My Way of Life\", the latter finding chart success on the dance chart. \"Come What May\" became a popular song during LaBelle's live showcases shortly after its release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Cover on My Heart",
"paragraph_text": "\"Cover on My Heart\" is a pop ballad performed by Guy Sebastian and is the third single from his third album \"Closer to the Sun\". Sebastian announced that this song was the album's third single in April 2007. The single was released on 28 July 2007 in Australia, set by his record label Sony BMG Australia. Sebastian performed the song on various programmes such as \"Sunrise\" and \"Rove Live\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Time Don't Run Out on Me",
"paragraph_text": "\"Time Don't Run Out on Me\" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King, and recorded by Canadian country music artist Anne Murray. It was released in January 1985 as the second single from the Gold-selling album \"Heart Over Mind\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Last Thing on My Mind (Patty Loveless song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Last Thing on My Mind\" is a song written by Al Anderson and Craig Wiseman, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless. The song was released in December 2000 as the second single from her album \"Strong Heart\". Rebecca Lynn Howard and Ricky Skaggs join her in background harmony on the song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Down on My Knees",
"paragraph_text": "``Down on My Knees ''is a song written by Beth Nielsen Chapman and recorded by American country music artist Trisha Yearwood. It was released in June 1993 as the fourth single from the album Hearts in Armor. The song reached number 19 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Calm Before the Storm (Paul Brandt album)",
"paragraph_text": "Calm Before the Storm is the debut album of Canadian country music artist Paul Brandt, released in 1996 on Reprise Records. The album has been certified 3× Platinum by the CRIA and gold by the RIAA, and it is his most successful album in the United States. Its four singles — \"My Heart Has a History\", \"I Do\", \"I Meant to Do That\", and \"Take It from Me\" — were all Number One hits on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks charts. All four singles were Top 40 hits on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, where they reached #5, #2, #39, and #38, respectively.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "You Made a Wanted Man of Me",
"paragraph_text": "\"You Made a Wanted Man of Me\" is a song written by Jeff Crossan, and recorded by American country music artist Ronnie McDowell. It was released in October 1983 as the first single from the album \"Country Boy's Heart\". The song reached #3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Blue Rose of Texas",
"paragraph_text": "The Blue Rose of Texas is the country music artist Holly Dunn's fourth album, and the first with the Warner Bros. Records label. A single from this album, \"Are You Ever Gonna Love Me\", was her first number 1 Billboard country single. Another major hit from the album was the fourth track, \"There Goes My Heart Again\". Dolly Parton provides supporting vocals on her own \"Most of All, Why\" and Joe Diffie provides backing vocals on \"There Goes My Heart Again\" a song he had a part in writing. Dunn co-produced the album with her brother, Chris Waters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Fast Lanes and Country Roads",
"paragraph_text": "\"Fast Lanes and Country Roads\" is a song written by Roger Murrah and Steve Dean, and recorded by American country music artist Barbara Mandrell. It was released in November 1985 as the second single from the album \"Get to the Heart\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Quittin' Time",
"paragraph_text": "\"Quittin' Time\" is a song written by Robb Royer and Roger Linn, and recorded by American country music artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in January 1990 as the third single from the album \"State of the Heart\". The song reached #7 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the record label of the artist responsible for My Heart Has a History?
|
[
{
"id": 141976,
"question": "The song or album My Heart Has a History came from which artiste?",
"answer": "Paul Brandt",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
},
{
"id": 385803,
"question": "#1 >> record label",
"answer": "Reprise Records",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
Reprise Records
|
[] | true |
2hop__141404_53794
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Gary Culliss",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Culliss (born 1970) is an American entrepreneur who has founded several technology companies, including the search engine company Direct Hit Technologies and the interactive voice telecommunications company, SoundBite Communications (NASDAQ: SDBT).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Communications in Somalia",
"paragraph_text": "After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "The first analogue cellular system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 13 October 1983, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern standards. It was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it was susceptible to cell phone ``cloning ''and it used a Frequency - division multiple access (FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Golan Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Golan Telecom () is a mobile network operator in Israel. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Media Piracy in Emerging Economies",
"paragraph_text": "Media Piracy in Emerging Economies is a report released by the Social Science Research Council in 2011. It contends that “high prices for media goods, low incomes, and cheap digital technologies are the main ingredients of global media piracy. If piracy is ubiquitous in most parts of the world, it is because these conditions are ubiquitous.”",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kg (2.42 lb) and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide. The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In 1965, Bulgarian company ``Radioelektronika ''presented on the Inforga - 65 international exhibition in Moscow the mobile automatic phone combined with a base station. Solutions of this phone were based on a system developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich. One base station, connected to one telephone wire line, could serve up to 15 customers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Good Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to the acquisition, both companies were known as market leaders in email access from portable devices. In November 2006, Motorola announced plans to acquire Good Technology as part of its plan to compete with Research in Motion's Blackberry product line in the enterprise sector, and expressed its intention to continue licensing its technology to other phone manufacturers. At the time of the acquisition, Good's flagship products were Good Mobile Messaging, Good Mobile Intranet and Good Mobile Defense; the company had 470 employees.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms (2.4 lb) and measured 23 by 13 by 4.5 centimetres (9.1 by 5.1 by 1.8 in). The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "XS4ALL",
"paragraph_text": "In December 1998, XS4ALL was sold to the Dutch incumbent phone company KPN. Many of the original employees, especially system managers, still work there.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Samsung Telecommunications",
"paragraph_text": "In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built - in car phone, the SC - 100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then - head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or ``hand phone ''in Korea), the SH - 100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Flip and Flop",
"paragraph_text": "Flip and Flop is an isometric platform game for the Atari 8-bit family designed by Jim Nangano and published in 1983 by First Star Software. Statesoft released a Commodore 64 port the following year. The Commodore 64 box cover, which features a photo of acrobats that does not relate to the game itself, changes the name to Flip & Flop; it remains \"Flip and Flop\" on the title screen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Nay Phone Latt",
"paragraph_text": "Nay Phone Latt graduated with Engineering degree from Yangon Technological University. He worked in Singapore for a few years before he went back to Myanmar to start his Internet Cafe business. He is also a co-founder of Myanmar ICT for Development Organization (MIDO)MIDO, a local NGO focusing on ICT for Development, Internet Freedom and Civic Technology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of Nokia",
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the merger of Nokia and Salora resulted in the establishment of ``Mobira Oy ''. Mobira developed mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network, called the`` 1G'' and was the first fully automatic cellular phone system. It became commercially available in 1981. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the ``Mobira Senator ''for NMT -- 450 networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Nokia Asha 501",
"paragraph_text": "The cell phone is built on Nokia Asha software platform 1.0, a new software platform descended from Series 40, with a user interface similar to MeeGo on Nokia N9, and featuring technology from Smarterphone, a software company acquired by Nokia in 2012. The device includes Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, but no 3G connectivity, relying on EDGE and GPRS (2.75G) for mobile-based networking. The phone has been noted for its user-friendliness, and a battery with long talk and standby times. It has been called \"tiny\" by some due to its size, being one of the smallest Nokia ever produced.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "FLIP Burger Boutique",
"paragraph_text": "FLIP burger boutique (stylized as FLIP) is an upscale full-service American restaurant based in Atlanta, Georgia. The company opened its first restaurant in West Midtown, Atlanta in 2008, and has since opened three additional locations, one in the Buckhead area of Atlanta, one in Birmingham, Alabama, and one in Nashville, Tennessee. The restaurant has been generally well-received by food critics for its ambiance and food, though there has been criticism that the restaurant is \"overdone\". It has been credited as increasing competition among hamburger restaurants in Atlanta.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Armenia",
"paragraph_text": "The economy relies heavily on investment and support from Armenians abroad. Before independence, Armenia's economy was largely industry-based – chemicals, electronics, machinery, processed food, synthetic rubber, and textile – and highly dependent on outside resources. The republic had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy. Recently, the Intel Corporation agreed to open a research center in Armenia, in addition to other technology companies, signalling the growth of the technology industry in Armenia.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the parent company of Good Technology introduce their first flip phone?
|
[
{
"id": 141404,
"question": "What company is Good Technology part of?",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 53794,
"question": "when did the first #1 flip phone come out",
"answer": "January 3, 1996",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
January 3, 1996
|
[] | true |
2hop__17912_149236
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_text": "Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Buckingham Palace",
"paragraph_text": "Court presentations of aristocratic young ladies to the monarch took place at the palace from the reign of Edward VII. These young women were known as débutantes, and the occasion—termed their \"coming out\"—represented their first entrée into society. Débutantes wore full court dress, with three tall ostrich feathers in their hair. They entered, curtsied, and performed a choreographed backwards walk and a further curtsy, while manoeuvring a dress train of prescribed length. (The ceremony, known as an evening court, corresponded to the \"court drawing rooms\" of Victoria's reign.) After World War II, the ceremony was replaced by less formal afternoon receptions, usually without choreographed curtsies and court dress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Vamsam",
"paragraph_text": "Vamsam () is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action film, starring debutante Arulnidhi and Sunaina in lead roles. The film is produced by Arulnidhi's father and M. Karunanidhi's youngest son, M. K. Thamizharasu, and features Jayaprakash, Ganja Karuppu, Kishore, Anupama Kumar among others in supporting roles. The film released on 13 August 2010 to positive reviews and became a profitable venture at the box-office.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jeff R. Thompson",
"paragraph_text": "Jefferson Rowe Thompson, known as Jeff R. Thompson (born March 10, 1965), is a judge of the Louisiana 26th Judicial District Court for Bossier and Webster parishes, who is a Republican former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 8, a position which he held from January 2012 to January 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Computer Pioneer Award",
"paragraph_text": "The Computer Pioneer Award was established in 1981 by the Board of Governors of the IEEE Computer Society to recognize and honor the vision of those people whose efforts resulted in the creation and continued vitality of the computer industry. The award is presented to outstanding individuals whose main contribution to the concepts and development of the computer field was made at least fifteen years earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi",
"paragraph_text": "Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi (May 20, 1932 – December 8, 2009) was the Salo Wittmayer Baron Professor of Jewish History, Culture and Society at Columbia University, a position he held from 1980 to 2008. He was succeeded by Elisheva Carlebach Yoffen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Pickering v. Board of Education",
"paragraph_text": "Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that in the absence of proof of the teacher knowingly or recklessly making false statements the teacher had a right to speak on issues of public importance without being dismissed from his or her position. The case was later distinguished by \"Garcetti v. Ceballos\", where the Court held that statements by public employees made pursuant to their employment have no First Amendment protection.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Asiatic Society",
"paragraph_text": "The Asiatic Society was founded by civil servant Sir William Jones on 15 January 1784 in a meeting presided over by Sir William Jones, Justice of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William at the Fort William in Calcutta, then capital of the British Raj, to enhance and further the cause of Oriental research. At the time of its foundation, this Society was named as ``Asiatick Society ''. In 1825, the society dropped the antique k without any formal resolution and the Society was renamed as`` The Asiatic Society''. In 1832 the name was changed to ``The Asiatic Society of Bengal ''and again in 1936 it was renamed as`` The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal.'' Finally, on 1 July 1951 the name of the society was changed to its present one. The Society is housed in a building at Park Street in Kolkata (Calcutta). The Society moved into this building during 1808. In 1823, the Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta was formed and all the meetings of this society were held in the Asiatic Society.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "Uniquely among major American cities, New York is divided between, and is host to the main branches of, two different US district courts: the District Court for the Southern District of New York, whose main courthouse is on Foley Square near City Hall in Manhattan and whose jurisdiction includes Manhattan and the Bronx, and the District Court for the Eastern District of New York, whose main courthouse is in Brooklyn and whose jurisdiction includes Brooklyn, Queens, and Staten Island. The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and US Court of International Trade are also based in New York, also on Foley Square in Manhattan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen",
"paragraph_text": "Kunga Lekpa Jungne Gyaltsen () (1308 - 1330) was a Tibetan Imperial Preceptor (\"Dishi\") at the court of the Mongol Yuan dynasty. He belonged to the abbot family Khon of Sakya which had a precedence position in Tibet in this era. He held the dignity from 1327 to 1330.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jessie Aspinall",
"paragraph_text": "Jessie Aspinall will be remembered for being one of the first female doctors in general hospitals in Australia, and whose achievements challenged ingrain cultural beliefs about the position of women within society.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Caroline of Ansbach",
"paragraph_text": "Her father, Margrave John Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach, belonged to a branch of the House of Hohenzollern and was the ruler of a small German state, the Principality of Ansbach. Caroline was orphaned at a young age and moved to the enlightened court of her guardians, King Frederick I and Queen Sophia Charlotte of Prussia. At the Prussian court, her previously limited education was widened, and she adopted the liberal outlook possessed by Sophia Charlotte, who became her good friend and whose views influenced Caroline all her life.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sverre Erik Jebens",
"paragraph_text": "Sverre Erik Jebens (born 29 September 1949) is a Norwegian lawyer and the former Judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Norway, a position he held from November 2004 to 2011. He is currently a judge in the Norwegian Court of Appeal, Frostating lagmannsrett.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Kevin D. Stocks",
"paragraph_text": "Kevin D. Stocks is an accounting professor in the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University. He currently holds the KPMG Professorship and recently stepped down as the Director of the School of Accountancy, a position he held for the last nine years. This year he is involved as Professor in Residence with KPMG.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Confucius",
"paragraph_text": "In Confucius's time, the state of Lu was headed by a ruling ducal house. Under the duke were three aristocratic families, whose heads bore the title of viscount and held hereditary positions in the Lu bureaucracy. The Ji family held the position ``Minister over the Masses '', who was also the`` Prime Minister''; the Meng family held the position ``Minister of Works ''; and the Shu family held the position`` Minister of War''. In the winter of 505 BC, Yang Hu -- a retainer of the Ji family -- rose up in rebellion and seized power from the Ji family. However, by the summer of 501 BC, the three hereditary families had succeeded in expelling Yang Hu from Lu. By then, Confucius had built up a considerable reputation through his teachings, while the families came to see the value of proper conduct and righteousness, so they could achieve loyalty to a legitimate government. Thus, that year (501 BC), Confucius came to be appointed to the minor position of governor of a town. Eventually, he rose to the position of Minister of Crime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Diane Barz",
"paragraph_text": "Diane MacDonald Barz (August 18, 1943 – May 14, 2014) was an American judge. She was the first woman to serve as a member of the Montana Supreme Court, a position she held from September 1989 to 1990. She also served as an assistant United States Attorney from 1991 to 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lucrezia Borgia",
"paragraph_text": "Lucrezia Borgia (; ; 18 April 1480 – 24 June 1519) was a Spanish-Italian noblewoman of the House of Borgia who was the daughter of Pope Alexander VI and Vannozza dei Cattanei. She reigned as the Governor of Spoleto, a position usually held by cardinals, in her own right.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels",
"paragraph_text": "Georgian society in Jane Austen's novels is the ever - present background of her work, the world in which all her characters are set. Entirely situated during the reign of George III, the novels of Jane Austen describe their everyday lives, their joys and sorrows, as well as their loves, and provide in the process an irreplaceable insight into the period.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mughal Empire",
"paragraph_text": "Jahangir (born Salim, reigned 1605 -- 1627) was born to Akbar and his wife Mariam - uz - Zamani, an Indian Rajput princess. Jahangir ruled the empire at its peak, but he was addicted to opium, neglected the affairs of the state, and came under the influence of rival court cliques. Shah Jahan (reigned 1628 -- 1658) was born to Jahangir and his wife Jagat Gosaini, a Rajput princess. During the reign of Shah Jahan, the culture and splendour of the luxurious Mughal court reached its zenith as exemplified by the Taj Mahal. The maintenance of the court, at this time, began to cost more than the revenue.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Wisbech Stirs",
"paragraph_text": "The Wisbech Stirs was a divisive quarrel between English Roman Catholic clergy held prisoner in Wisbech Castle in Cambridgeshire, towards the end of the reign of Elizabeth I of England. It set the regular clergy represented by the Society of Jesus, emerging as clerical leaders, who wished for a more ordered communal life in the prison, against some of the secular clergy.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which was the position held by the monarch under whose reign young debutantes were presented to society at Court?
|
[
{
"id": 17912,
"question": "Under whose reign were young debutantes presented to society at Court?",
"answer": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 149236,
"question": "Which was the position that #1 held?",
"answer": "Emperor of India",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Emperor of India
|
[
"king",
"monarch",
"queen"
] | true |
2hop__125316_149236
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "World's fair",
"paragraph_text": "The best - known 'first World Expo' was held in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, United Kingdom, in 1851, under the title ``Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations ''. The Great Exhibition, as it is often called, was an idea of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's husband, and is usually considered to be the first international exhibition of manufactured products. It influenced the development of several aspects of society, including art - and - design education, international trade and relations, and tourism. These events have resulted in a remarkable form of Prince Albert's life history, one that continues to be reflected in London architecture in a number of ways, including in the Albert Memorial later erected to the Prince. This expo was the most obvious precedent for the many international exhibitions, later called world's fairs, that have continued to be held to the present time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, (Leopold George Duncan Albert; 7 April 185328 March 1884) was the eighth child and youngest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Leopold was later created Duke of Albany, Earl of Clarence, and Baron Arklow. He had haemophilia, which led to his death at the age of 30.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "George VI",
"paragraph_text": "His birthday (14 December 1895) was the 34th anniversary of the death of his great-grandfather, Prince Albert, the Prince Consort. Uncertain of how the Prince Consort's widow, Queen Victoria, would take the news of the birth, the Prince of Wales wrote to the Duke of York that the Queen had been \"rather distressed\". Two days later, he wrote again: \"I really think it would gratify her if you yourself proposed the name Albert to her\". Queen Victoria was mollified by the proposal to name the new baby Albert, and wrote to the Duchess of York: \"I am all impatience to see the new one, born on such a sad day but rather more dear to me, especially as he will be called by that dear name which is a byword for all that is great and good\". Consequently, he was baptised \"Albert Frederick Arthur George\" at St. Mary Magdalene's Church near Sandringham three months later.[a] As a great-grandson of Queen Victoria, he was known formally as His Highness Prince Albert of York from birth. Within the family, he was known informally as \"Bertie\". His maternal grandmother, the Duchess of Teck, did not like the first name the baby had been given, and she wrote prophetically that she hoped the last name \"may supplant the less favoured one\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Duchess Elsa of Württemberg",
"paragraph_text": "Duchess Elsa of Württemberg (Elsa Mathilde Marie; 1 March 1876 – 27 May 1936) was a daughter of Duke Eugen of Württemberg and Grand Duchess Vera Constantinovna of Russia. She married Prince Albert of Schaumburg-Lippe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_text": "Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Queen Victoria",
"paragraph_text": "At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV). The Prince Regent and the Duke of York were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further children. The Dukes of Kent and Clarence married on the same day 12 months before Victoria's birth, but both of Clarence's daughters (born in 1819 and 1820 respectively) died as infants. Victoria's grandfather and father died in 1820, within a week of each other, and the Duke of York died in 1827. On the death of her uncle George IV in 1830, Victoria became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence",
"paragraph_text": "George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (21 October 144918 February 1478), KG, was a son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, and the brother of English Kings Edward IV and Richard III. He played an important role in the dynastic struggle between rival factions of the Plantagenets known as the Wars of the Roses.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, (Henry William Frederick Albert; 31 March 1900 – 10 June 1974) was the third son and fourth child of King George V and Queen Mary. He served as Governor-General of Australia from 1945 to 1947, the only member of the British royal family to hold the post.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Caroline, Princess of Hanover",
"paragraph_text": "Caroline, Princess of Hanover (Caroline Louise Marguerite Grimaldi; born 23 January 1957), is the eldest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and the American actress Grace Kelly. She is the elder sister of Prince Albert II and Princess Stéphanie. Until the births of her niece and nephew, Princess Gabriella and Prince Jacques, in December 2014 she had been heir presumptive to the throne of Monaco since 2005, a position which she previously held from 1957 to 1958.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Leopold III of Belgium",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Leopold was born in Brussels, the first child of King Albert I of the Belgians and his consort, Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. His father became King of the Belgians, as Albert I, in 1909 and Prince Leopold became Duke of Brabant, heir to the Belgian throne.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Albert, Prince Consort",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband of Queen Victoria.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Teodósio, Prince of Brazil",
"paragraph_text": "Dom Teodósio, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza (\"Teodósio de Bragança\"; ; 8 February 1634 – 13 May 1653) was the heir-apparent son of John IV of Portugal (first king of the House of Braganza) and his wife Luisa de Guzmán (Luísa de Gusmão). In 1645 he was given the title of Prince of Brazil, a new crown-princely position thus created. Also, his father granted him the duchy as 10th Duke of Braganza, presumably after his uncle Duarte died in 1649.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "East Prussia",
"paragraph_text": "The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cronberg, the next Grand Master, was enfeoffed with the title to Prussia after the Diet of Augsburg in 1530, but the Order never regained possession of the territory. In 1569 the Hohenzollern prince-electors of the Margraviate of Brandenburg became co-regents with Albert's son, the feeble-minded Albert Frederick.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Wukui",
"paragraph_text": "Wukui's father and predecessor was Duke Huan of Qi, who was the first of the Five Hegemons, the most powerful rulers of the Spring and Autumn period. Duke Huan had at least three main wives who bore no sons, six favoured concubines, and more than ten sons. Wukui's mother was the elder Wey Ji, one of the two princesses of the State of Wey who were among Duke Huan's favoured concubines. However, the crown prince of Qi was Prince Zhao (later Duke Xiao), who was born to Zheng Ji, a princess of the State of Zheng. Four other sons of Duke Huan also contended for the throne: Prince Pan (later Duke Zhao), Prince Shangren (later Duke Yi), Prince Yuan (later Duke Hui), and Prince Yong.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "David Luther Burgess",
"paragraph_text": "David Luther Burgess MC (January 28, 1891 – November 30, 1960) was a World War I flying ace who, in 1926, was the sole challenger to Liberal Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King in a by-election held in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Succession to the British throne",
"paragraph_text": "Queen Elizabeth II is the sovereign, and her heir apparent is her eldest son, Charles, Prince of Wales. Next in line after him is Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, the Prince of Wales's elder son. Third in line is Prince George, the eldest child of the Duke of Cambridge, followed by his sister, Princess Charlotte and younger brother, Prince Louis. Sixth in line is Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, the younger son of the Prince of Wales. Under the Perth Agreement, which came into effect in 2015, only the first six in line of succession require the sovereign's consent before they marry; without such consent, they and their children would be disqualified from succession.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Prince Albert Arts Centre",
"paragraph_text": "As well as being a heritage site, it is still in operation today as the Prince Albert Arts Centre for various visual arts clubs and galleries for exhibitions, including the John V. Hicks Gallery, which features local and regional art exhibitions coordinated by the Prince Albert Council for the Arts. Between 1911 and 1937, the old City Hall helped to house the Prince Albert Public Library in its upstairs rooms.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Duchess Marie of Württemberg",
"paragraph_text": "Duchess Marie of Württemberg (Antoinette Friederike Auguste Marie Anna Herzogin von Württemberg; 17 September 1799 – 24 September 1860) was a daughter of Duke Alexander of Württemberg and Antoinette of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She was Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1832 to 1844 as the second wife of Duke Ernest I. As such, she was the stepmother of Prince Albert, consort of Queen Victoria.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale (Albert Victor Christian Edward; 8 January 1864 – 14 January 1892), was the eldest child of the Prince and Princess of Wales (later King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra) and grandson of the reigning British monarch, Queen Victoria. From the time of his birth, he was second in the line of succession to the British throne, but never became king because he died before his father and grandmother.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh",
"paragraph_text": "Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, 10 June 1921), is the husband of Queen Elizabeth II.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the position held by the father of Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale?
|
[
{
"id": 125316,
"question": "Who is Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale's dad?",
"answer": "Edward VII",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 149236,
"question": "Which was the position that #1 held?",
"answer": "Emperor of India",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
Emperor of India
|
[
"king",
"monarch",
"queen",
"Prince of Wales"
] | true |
2hop__67508_82045
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "When Easterly Showers Fall on the Sunny West",
"paragraph_text": "When Easterly Showers Fall on the Sunny West (Traditional Chinese: ) is a Hong Kong TVB period drama series broadcasting from October till December 2008. The story takes place in the early 1930s in the city of Guangzhou (China) and revolves around the rich and prestigious Poon family.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "After the assassination, Mark Antony formed an alliance with Caesar's adopted son and great-nephew, Gaius Octavian. Along with Marcus Lepidus, they formed an alliance known as the Second Triumvirate. They held powers that were nearly identical to the powers that Caesar had held under his constitution. As such, the Senate and assemblies remained powerless, even after Caesar had been assassinated. The conspirators were then defeated at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC. Eventually, however, Antony and Octavian fought against each other in one last battle. Antony was defeated in the naval Battle of Actium in 31 BC, and he committed suicide with his lover, Cleopatra. In 29 BC, Octavian returned to Rome as the unchallenged master of the Empire and later accepted the title of Augustus (\"Exalted One\"). He was convinced that only a single strong ruler could restore order in Rome.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Et tu, Brute?",
"paragraph_text": "Et tu, Brute? (pronounced (ɛt ˈtuː ˈbruːtɛ)) is a Latin phrase meaning ``and you, Brutus? '', made famous by its occurrence in William Shakespeare's play Julius Caesar, where it is uttered by the Roman dictator Julius Caesar to his friend Marcus Brutus at the moment of the former's assassination. The Latin expression first occurs in Elizabethan literary texts. The quotation is widely used in the English - speaking world to signify the unexpected betrayal by a person, such as a friend.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Battle of the Argeș",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Argeș was a battle of the Romanian Campaign of World War I. Taking place on 1 December 1916, the battle was fought along the line of the Argeș River in Romania between Austro-German forces of the Central Powers and Romanian forces.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Assassination of Julius Caesar",
"paragraph_text": "Two days after the assassination, Mark Antony summoned the senate and managed to work out a compromise in which the assassins would not be punished for their acts, but all of Caesar's appointments would remain valid. By doing this, Antony most likely hoped to avoid large cracks in government forming as a result of Caesar's death. Simultaneously, Antony diminished the goals of the conspirators. The result unforeseen by the assassins was that Caesar's death precipitated the end of the Roman Republic. The Roman lower classes, with whom Caesar was popular, became enraged that a small group of aristocrats had sacrificed Caesar. Antony, who had been drifting apart from Caesar, capitalised on the grief of the Roman mob and threatened to unleash them on the Optimates, perhaps with the intent of taking control of Rome himself. But, to his surprise and chagrin, Caesar had named his grandnephew Gaius Octavius his sole heir, bequeathing him the immensely potent Caesar name as well as making him one of the wealthiest citizens in the Republic. Upon hearing of his adopted father's death, Octavius abandoned his studies in Apollonia and sailed across the Adriatic Sea to Brundisium. Octavius became Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus or Octavian, the son of the great Caesar, and consequently also inherited the loyalty of much of the Roman populace. Octavian, aged only 18 at the time of Caesar's death, proved to have considerable political skills, and while Antony dealt with Decimus Brutus in the first round of the new civil wars, Octavian consolidated his tenuous position. Antony did not initially consider Octavius a true political threat due to his young age and inexperience, but Octavius quickly gained the support and admiration of Caesar's friends and supporters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "By 59 BC an unofficial political alliance known as the First Triumvirate was formed between Gaius Julius Caesar, Marcus Licinius Crassus, and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (\"Pompey the Great\") to share power and influence. In 53 BC, Crassus launched a Roman invasion of the Parthian Empire (modern Iraq and Iran). After initial successes, he marched his army deep into the desert; but here his army was cut off deep in enemy territory, surrounded and slaughtered at the Battle of Carrhae in which Crassus himself perished. The death of Crassus removed some of the balance in the Triumvirate and, consequently, Caesar and Pompey began to move apart. While Caesar was fighting in Gaul, Pompey proceeded with a legislative agenda for Rome that revealed that he was at best ambivalent towards Caesar and perhaps now covertly allied with Caesar's political enemies. In 51 BC, some Roman senators demanded that Caesar not be permitted to stand for consul unless he turned over control of his armies to the state, which would have left Caesar defenceless before his enemies. Caesar chose civil war over laying down his command and facing trial.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Battle of Antietam",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Antietam / ænˈtiːtəm /, also known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, particularly in the Southern United States, was fought on September 17, 1862, near Sharpsburg, Maryland and Antietam Creek as part of the Maryland Campaign. It was the first field army -- level engagement in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War to take place on Union soil and is the bloodiest single - day battle in American history, with a combined tally of 22,717 dead, wounded, or missing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "By the spring of 49 BC, the hardened legions of Caesar crossed the river Rubicon, the legal boundary of Roman Italy beyond which no commander might bring his army, and swept down the Italian peninsula towards Rome, while Pompey ordered the abandonment of Rome. Afterwards Caesar turned his attention to the Pompeian stronghold of Hispania (modern Spain) but decided to tackle Pompey himself in Greece. Pompey initially defeated Caesar, but failed to follow up on the victory, and was decisively defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, despite outnumbering Caesar's forces two to one, albeit with inferior quality troops. Pompey fled again, this time to Egypt, where he was murdered.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Battle of Graus",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Graus was a battle of the \"Reconquista\", traditionally said to have taken place on 8 May 1063. Antonio Ubieto Arteta, in his \"Historia de Aragón\", re-dated the battle to 1069. The late twelfth-century \"Chronica naierensis\" dates the encounter to 1070. Either in or as a result of the battle, Ramiro I of Aragon, one of the protagonists, died.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Battle of the Coral Sea",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought from 4 to 8 May 1942, was a major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia, taking place in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. The battle is historically significant as the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other, as well as the first in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Battle of Lundy's Lane",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Lundy's Lane (also known as the Battle of Niagara Falls) was a battle of the Anglo-American War of 1812, which took place on 25 July 1814, in present-day Niagara Falls, Ontario. It was one of the bloodiest battles of the war, and one of the deadliest battles ever fought in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Battle of Philippi",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Philippi was the final battle in the Wars of the Second Triumvirate between the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (of the Second Triumvirate) and the leaders of Julius Caesar's assassination, Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus in 42 BC, at Philippi in Macedonia. The Second Triumvirate declared this civil war ostensibly to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, but the underlying cause was a long - brewing conflict between the so - called Optimates and the so - called Populares.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Kurtz (Heart of Darkness)",
"paragraph_text": "However, over the course of his stay in Africa, Kurtz becomes corrupted. He takes his pamphlet and scribbles in, at the very end, the words ``Exterminate all the brutes! ''He induces the natives to worship him, setting up rituals and venerations worthy of a tyrant. By the time Marlow, the protagonist, sees Kurtz, he is ill with jungle fever and almost dead. Marlow seizes Kurtz and endeavors to take him back down the river in his steamboat. Kurtz dies on the boat with the last words,`` The horror! The horror!'' Kurtz ultimately was changed by the jungle. At first he wanted to bring civilization to the natives, as his painting shows, but in the end he changed to wanting to ``exterminate all the brutes! ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Battle of Pharsalus",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Pharsalus was the decisive battle of Caesar's Civil War. On 9 August 48 BC at Pharsalus in central Greece, Gaius Julius Caesar and his allies formed up opposite the army of the republic under the command of Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (\"Pompey the Great\"). Pompey had the backing of a majority of the senators, of whom many were optimates, and his army significantly outnumbered the veteran Caesarian legions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Despite the film taking place in upstate New York, according to the film credits, it was filmed mostly in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Locations used include Lake James, Chimney Rock Park and The Biltmore Estate. Some of the waterfalls that were used in the movie include Hooker Falls, Triple Falls, Bridal Veil Falls, and High Falls, all located in the DuPont State Recreational Forest. Another of these falls was Linville Falls, in the mountains of North Carolina. Scenes of Albany were shot in Asheville, NC at The Manor on Charlotte St.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "Clodius formed armed gangs that terrorised the city and eventually began to attack Pompey's followers, who in response funded counter-gangs formed by Titus Annius Milo. The political alliance of the triumvirate was crumbling. Domitius Ahenobarbus ran for the consulship in 55 BC promising to take Caesar's command from him. Eventually, the triumvirate was renewed at Lucca. Pompey and Crassus were promised the consulship in 55 BC, and Caesar's term as governor was extended for five years. Crassus led an ill-fated expedition with legions led by his son, Caesar's lieutenant, against the Kingdom of Parthia. This resulted in his defeat and death at the Battle of Carrhae. Finally, Pompey's wife, Julia, who was Caesar's daughter, died in childbirth. This event severed the last remaining bond between Pompey and Caesar.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wreck-It Ralph",
"paragraph_text": "John C. Reilly as Wreck - It Ralph, a large brute who is the villain of the fictional arcade game Fix - It Felix Jr.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Caesar salad",
"paragraph_text": "Caesar salad A Caesar salad Course Hors d'œuvre, salad Place of origin Mexico Region or state Tijuana, Baja California Created by Caesar Cardini Serving temperature Chilled or room temperature Main ingredients Romaine lettuce, croutons, Parmesan cheese, lemon juice, olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce, black pepper Variations Multiple Cookbook: Caesar Salad Media: Caesar salad",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Crooked House",
"paragraph_text": "The action takes place in and near London in the autumn of 1947. Christie said this and Ordeal by Innocence were her favourites amongst her own works.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Tupolev Tu-22",
"paragraph_text": "The Tupolev Tu-22 (NATO reporting name: Blinder) was the first supersonic bomber to enter production in the Soviet Union. Manufactured by Tupolev, the Tu-22 entered service with the Soviet military in the 1960s. The last examples were retired during the 1990s. Produced in comparatively small numbers, the aircraft was a disappointment, lacking the intercontinental range that had been expected. Later in their service life, Tu-22s were used as launch platforms for the Soviet Kh-22 standoff missile, and as reconnaissance aircraft. Tu-22s were sold to other nations, including Libya and Iraq. The Tu-22 was one of the few Soviet bombers to see combat; Libyan Tu-22s were used against Tanzania and Chad, and Iraqi Tu-22s were used during the Iran–Iraq War.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where does the final battle take place in the Shakespearean play with the line "et tu brute then fall caesar."
|
[
{
"id": 67508,
"question": "who said et tu brute then fall caesar",
"answer": "Julius Caesar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 82045,
"question": "where did the battle take place in #1",
"answer": "Philippi in Macedonia",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Philippi in Macedonia
|
[] | true |
2hop__856003_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The President Show",
"paragraph_text": "The President Show is a television comedy series that premiered on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. The show is created by and stars Anthony Atamanuik as Donald Trump, the President of the United States. Peter Grosz co-stars as Mike Pence, the Vice President. It airs on Thursdays at 11: 30 pm (EST), following The Daily Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "2004 Haitian coup d'état",
"paragraph_text": "The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Embassy of the United States, Havana",
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections on July 20, 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "History of Ireland",
"paragraph_text": "In 1922, after the Irish War of Independence and the Anglo - Irish Treaty, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom to become the independent Irish Free State, which after the 1937 constitution, began to call itself Ireland. The six northeastern counties, known as Northern Ireland, remained within the United Kingdom. The Irish Civil War followed soon after the War of Independence. The history of Northern Ireland has since been dominated by sporadic sectarian conflict between (mainly Catholic) Irish nationalists and (mainly Protestant) unionists. This conflict erupted into the Troubles in the late 1960s, until peace was achieved with the Belfast Agreement thirty years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mexican–American War",
"paragraph_text": "The Mexican -- American War, also known as the Mexican War and in Mexico the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 American annexation of the independent Republic of Texas, which Mexico still considered its northeastern province and a part of its territory after its de facto secession in the 1836 Texas Revolution a decade earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra",
"paragraph_text": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Land reform in Mexico",
"paragraph_text": "President Lázaro Cárdenas passed the 1934 Agrarian Code and accelerated the pace of land reform. He helped redistribute 45,000,000 acres (180,000 km) of land, 4,000,000 acres (16,000 km) of which were expropriated from American owned agricultural property. This caused conflict between Mexico and the United States. Cárdenas employed tactics of noncompliance and deception to gain leverage in this international dispute.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "HMS Nairana (1917)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Nairana\" was returned to her former owners in 1921 and refitted in her original planned configuration, and spent the next 27 years ferrying passengers and cargo between Tasmania and Melbourne. She was twice struck by rogue waves in Bass Strait, and nearly capsized on both occasions. \"Nairana\" was the only Bass Strait ferry not requisitioned for military service in the Second World War, and so became the sole passenger ship with service to Tasmania during the conflict. She was laid up in 1948, wrecked in a storm three years later and scrapped \"in situ\" in 1953–54.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cross Timbers State Park",
"paragraph_text": "Cross Timbers State Park is a state park in Woodson County, Kansas, United States. It is located immediately south of Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the U.S. president immediately after the conflict in which the HMS Nairana served?
|
[
{
"id": 856003,
"question": "HMS Nairana >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__643_10984
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Édouard Wolff (1816–1880) and Pierre Zimmermann. Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a \"nationalist\" or \"patriotic\" composer. George Golos refers to earlier \"nationalist\" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from \"urbanised\" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin \"felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely\" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that \"Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November 1830 rising], their appeal to us artists is even stronger ... If the mighty autocrat in the north [i.e. Nicholas I of Russia] could know that in Chopin's works, in the simple strains of his mazurkas, there lurks a dangerous enemy, he would place a ban on his music. Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!\" The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin \"must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Improvisation stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes. However, this does not imply impulsive rambling: Nicholas Temperley writes that \"improvisation is designed for an audience, and its starting-point is that audience's expectations, which include the current conventions of musical form.\" The works for piano and orchestra, including the two concertos, are held by Temperley to be \"merely vehicles for brilliant piano playing ... formally longwinded and extremely conservative\". After the piano concertos (which are both early, dating from 1830), Chopin made no attempts at large-scale multi-movement forms, save for his late sonatas for piano and for cello; \"instead he achieved near-perfection in pieces of simple general design but subtle and complex cell-structure.\" Rosen suggests that an important aspect of Chopin's individuality is his flexible handling of the four-bar phrase as a structural unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's life was covered in a BBC TV documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "At the end of 1831, Chopin received the first major endorsement from an outstanding contemporary when Robert Schumann, reviewing the Op. 2 Variations in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung (his first published article on music), declared: \"Hats off, gentlemen! A genius.\" On 26 February 1832 Chopin gave a debut Paris concert at the Salle Pleyel which drew universal admiration. The critic François-Joseph Fétis wrote in the Revue et gazette musicale: \"Here is a young man who ... taking no model, has found, if not a complete renewal of piano music, ... an abundance of original ideas of a kind to be found nowhere else ...\" After this concert, Chopin realized that his essentially intimate keyboard technique was not optimal for large concert spaces. Later that year he was introduced to the wealthy Rothschild banking family, whose patronage also opened doors for him to other private salons (social gatherings of the aristocracy and artistic and literary elite). By the end of 1832 Chopin had established himself among the Parisian musical elite, and had earned the respect of his peers such as Hiller, Liszt, and Berlioz. He no longer depended financially upon his father, and in the winter of 1832 he began earning a handsome income from publishing his works and teaching piano to affluent students from all over Europe. This freed him from the strains of public concert-giving, which he disliked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his \"one worthy successor\" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "The British Library notes that \"Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era.\" The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Times",
"paragraph_text": "The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, including The Times of India (founded in 1838), The Straits Times (Singapore) (1845), The New York Times (1851), The Irish Times (1859), Le Temps (France) (1861-1942), the Cape Times (South Africa) (1872), the Los Angeles Times (1881), The Seattle Times (1891), The Manila Times (1898), The Daily Times (Malawi) (1900), El Tiempo (Colombia) (1911), The Canberra Times (1926), and The Times (Malta) (1935). In these countries, the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times or The Times of London.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "In Paris, Chopin encountered artists and other distinguished figures, and found many opportunities to exercise his talents and achieve celebrity. During his years in Paris he was to become acquainted with, among many others, Hector Berlioz, Franz Liszt, Ferdinand Hiller, Heinrich Heine, Eugène Delacroix, and Alfred de Vigny. Chopin was also acquainted with the poet Adam Mickiewicz, principal of the Polish Literary Society, some of whose verses he set as songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her \"third child\". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a \"child,\" a \"little angel\", a \"sufferer\" and a \"beloved little corpse.\" In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made \"a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship.\" The two would never meet again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin seldom performed publicly in Paris. In later years he generally gave a single annual concert at the Salle Pleyel, a venue that seated three hundred. He played more frequently at salons, but preferred playing at his own Paris apartment for small groups of friends. The musicologist Arthur Hedley has observed that \"As a pianist Chopin was unique in acquiring a reputation of the highest order on the basis of a minimum of public appearances—few more than thirty in the course of his lifetime.\" The list of musicians who took part in some of his concerts provides an indication of the richness of Parisian artistic life during this period. Examples include a concert on 23 March 1833, in which Chopin, Liszt and Hiller performed (on pianos) a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards; and, on 3 March 1838, a concert in which Chopin, his pupil Adolphe Gutmann, Charles-Valentin Alkan, and Alkan's teacher Joseph Zimmermann performed Alkan's arrangement, for eight hands, of two movements from Beethoven's 7th symphony. Chopin was also involved in the composition of Liszt's Hexameron; he wrote the sixth (and final) variation on Bellini's theme. Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: \"I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much.\" He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's on 1 March 1843. Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him \"hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain\", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor. Chopin's health continued to deteriorate, particularly from this time onwards. Modern research suggests that apart from any other illnesses, he may also have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Jones comments that \"Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned.\" He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—\"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy and aristocratic who paid what Chopin asked for their lessons\"—and these factors, as well as his musical genius, also fuelled his contemporary and later reputation. While his illness and his love-affairs conform to some of the stereotypes of romanticism, the rarity of his public recitals (as opposed to performances at fashionable Paris soirées) led Arthur Hutchings to suggest that \"his lack of Byronic flamboyance [and] his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional\" among his romantic contemporaries, such as Liszt and Henri Herz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "The 21 nocturnes are more structured, and of greater emotional depth, than those of Field (whom Chopin met in 1833). Many of the Chopin nocturnes have middle sections marked by agitated expression (and often making very difficult demands on the performer) which heightens their dramatic character.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year was the newspaper that recommended a list of who should perform Chopin upon his bicentenary established?
|
[
{
"id": 643,
"question": "Upon Chopin's bicentenary, who recommended a list of who should perform Chopin?",
"answer": "The New York Times",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 10984,
"question": "What year did #1 start?",
"answer": "1851",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
1851
|
[] | true |
2hop__73808_53794
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "New York City (album)",
"paragraph_text": "New York City is an album by The Peter Malick Group featuring Norah Jones. The album was recorded during August and September 2000, a few weeks before Jones made her own demos for Blue Note Records, and released three years later. Jones sings on all seven tracks, and this album is more bluesy than Jones' debut album, \"Come Away with Me\". One of the tracks of the album, \"Strange Transmissions\", was bundled with the Nokia 6230 mobile phone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Congstar",
"paragraph_text": "Congstar GmbH is a mobile network operator headquartered in Cologne, Germany. The company is a subsidiary of Telekom Deutschland, and specializes in discount mobile phone service marketed to younger people. In August 2014, Congstar's services had approximately 3.4 million users.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Orcs & Elves",
"paragraph_text": "Orcs & Elves is a adventure role-playing video game for the mobile phone and Nintendo DS. It was developed by id Software and Fountainhead Entertainment and published by EA Mobile and licensed by Nintendo for the DS version. It was released for mobile phone on May 1, 2006 before being ported to the Nintendo DS on November 15, 2007. The game is based on \"Doom RPG\"s engine and is id's first original intellectual property since \"Quake\". The later DS port of the game included graphical enhancements, such as 3D environments and camera cutscenes, along with improved character sprites, two new levels and the use of the touchscreen feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "History of Nokia",
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the merger of Nokia and Salora resulted in the establishment of ``Mobira Oy ''. Mobira developed mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network, called the`` 1G'' and was the first fully automatic cellular phone system. It became commercially available in 1981. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the ``Mobira Senator ''for NMT -- 450 networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Smartphone",
"paragraph_text": "The Ericsson R380 (2000) by Ericsson Mobile Communications. The first device marketed as a ``smartphone '', it was the first Symbian - based phone, with PDA functionality and limited Web browsing on a resistive touchscreen utilizing a stylus. Users could not install their own software on the device, however. The Kyocera 6035 (early 2001), a dual - nature device with a separate Palm OS PDA operating system and CDMA mobile phone firmware. It supported limited Web browsing with the PDA software treating the phone hardware as an attached modem. Handspring's Treo 180 (2002), the first smartphone that fully integrated the Palm OS on a GSM mobile phone having telephony, SMS messaging and Internet access built in to the OS. The 180 model had a thumb - type keyboard and the 180g version had a Graffiti handwriting recognition area, instead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Golan Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Golan Telecom () is a mobile network operator in Israel. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Motorola MPx200",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola MPx200 Smartphone was launched in December 2003 as a joint venture between Motorola and Microsoft. The mobile phone's Windows Mobile for Smartphone OS allows users to access email and the Internet, use MSN Messenger, and view documents in Microsoft Office formats (with third-party software) much like other Windows smartphones such as the Samsung SGH-i600 or HTC Tanager. The MPx200, along with the Samsung SGH-i600, were the first Windows Mobile smartphone devices to have wide distribution in the United States. Previously, smartphone platform devices could only be purchased in the United States as part of development kits sold by Microsoft. The only U.S. carrier of the phone was AT&T Wireless; however, reports also suggest a somewhat limited number of devices with Cingular branding have appeared following the purchase of AT&T Wireless by Cingular.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "The first analogue cellular system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 13 October 1983, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern standards. It was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it was susceptible to cell phone ``cloning ''and it used a Frequency - division multiple access (FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Google Maps",
"paragraph_text": "Google Traffic works by analyzing the GPS - determined locations transmitted to Google by a large number of mobile phone users. By calculating the speed of users along a length of road, Google is able to generate a live traffic map. Google processes the incoming raw data about mobile phone device locations, and then excludes anomalies such as a postal vehicle that makes frequent stops. When a threshold of users in a particular area is noted, the overlay along roads and highways on the Google map changes color.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Communications in Somalia",
"paragraph_text": "After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged. Two systems competed for supremacy in the global market: the European developed GSM standard and the U.S. developed CDMA standard. These differed from the previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission, and also fast out - of - band phone - to - network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "The cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution its \"energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution,\" and added: \"Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Claro Colombia",
"paragraph_text": "Claro Colombia is a Colombian telecommunications operator, owned by Mexican group América Móvil. Claro is the largest provider of mobile phone services in the country – as of December 2011, 28,818,791 of Colombia's 46,200,421 mobile phone subscribers (62.38%) were with Claro's predecessor, Comcel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "In June 2009, many of the world's largest mobile phone manufacturers signed an EC-sponsored Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), agreeing to make most data-enabled mobile phones marketed in the European Union compatible with a common External Power Supply (EPS). The EU's common EPS specification (EN 62684:2010) references the USB Battery Charging standard and is similar to the GSMA/OMTP and Chinese charging solutions. In January 2011, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) released its version of the (EU's) common EPS standard as IEC 62684:2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kg (2.42 lb) and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide. The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Nokia 7500",
"paragraph_text": "The Nokia 7500 is a mobile phone produced by Nokia. It is part of Nokia's Prism Collection. It is a triband phone that runs S40 5th Edition. The screen has a resolution of 320x240 pixels showing 16 million colors. Included is a 2-megapixel camera with flash, a 512 MB microSD card, and a 700mAh battery. It launches during 3Q 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Samsung Telecommunications",
"paragraph_text": "In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built - in car phone, the SC - 100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then - head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or ``hand phone ''in Korea), the SH - 100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the first flip phone by the company that made the first mobile phone in the world come out?
|
[
{
"id": 73808,
"question": "who made the first mobile phone in the world",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 53794,
"question": "when did the first #1 flip phone come out",
"answer": "January 3, 1996",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
January 3, 1996
|
[] | true |
2hop__538530_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "2004 Haitian coup d'état",
"paragraph_text": "The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The President Show",
"paragraph_text": "The President Show is a television comedy series that premiered on Comedy Central on April 27, 2017. The show is created by and stars Anthony Atamanuik as Donald Trump, the President of the United States. Peter Grosz co-stars as Mike Pence, the Vice President. It airs on Thursdays at 11: 30 pm (EST), following The Daily Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "USS Mason (DD-191)",
"paragraph_text": "USS \"Mason\" (DD-191) was a in the United States Navy during World War II. She was later transferred to the Royal Navy as HMS \"Broadwater\" (H81).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon",
"paragraph_text": "Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Richard Nixon during his presidency. In total Nixon appointed 235 Article III federal judges, surpassing the previous record of 193 set by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Among these were 4 Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States (including 1 Chief Justice), 45 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, 179 judges to the United States district courts, 3 judges to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, 3 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 1 judge to the United States Customs Court.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra",
"paragraph_text": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mexican–American War",
"paragraph_text": "The Mexican -- American War, also known as the Mexican War and in Mexico the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848. It followed in the wake of the 1845 American annexation of the independent Republic of Texas, which Mexico still considered its northeastern province and a part of its territory after its de facto secession in the 1836 Texas Revolution a decade earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "HMS Riviera",
"paragraph_text": "HMS \"Riviera\" was a seaplane tender which served in the Royal Navy (RN) during the First and Second World Wars. Converted from the cross-Channel packet ship SS \"Riviera\", she was initially fitted with temporary hangars for three seaplanes for aerial reconnaissance and bombing missions in the North Sea. She participated in the unsuccessful Cuxhaven Raid in late 1914 before she began a more thorough conversion in 1915 that increased her capacity to four aircraft. Riviera and her aircraft then spent several years spotting for British warship bombarding the Belgian coast and making unsuccessful attacks on targets in Germany. She was transferred to the Mediterranean in 1918 and returned to her owners the following year.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Iljas",
"paragraph_text": "Iljas is a maritime village on the Albanian Riviera in Vlorë County, Albania. It is part of the municipality Himarë.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Embassy of the United States, Havana",
"paragraph_text": "The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections on July 20, 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cross Timbers State Park",
"paragraph_text": "Cross Timbers State Park is a state park in Woodson County, Kansas, United States. It is located immediately south of Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the U.S. President immediately following the conflict in which the HMS Riviera served?
|
[
{
"id": 538530,
"question": "HMS Riviera >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__326087_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Pub",
"paragraph_text": "The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Anakena",
"paragraph_text": "Anakena is unusual for Easter Island in that it is one of only two small sandy beaches in an otherwise rocky coastline.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Atlantis Chaos",
"paragraph_text": "Atlantis Chaos is a region of chaos terrain in the Phaethontis quadrangle of Mars. It is located around 34.7° south latitude, and 177.6° west longitude. It is encompassed by the Atlantis basin. The region is across, and was named after an albedo feature at 30° S, 173° W.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Alex P. Keaton",
"paragraph_text": "Alex P. Keaton is a fictional character on the United States television sitcom Family Ties, which aired on NBC for seven seasons, from 1982 to 1989. Family Ties reflected the move in the United States away from the cultural liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between Young Republican Alex (Michael J. Fox) and his hippie parents, Steven (Michael Gross) and Elyse Keaton (Meredith Baxter). President of the United States Ronald Reagan once stated that Family Ties was his favorite television show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Hydraotes Chaos",
"paragraph_text": "Hydraotes Chaos is a broken-up region in the Oxia Palus quadrangle of Mars, located at 0.8° North and 35.4° West. It is 417.5 km across and was named after a classical albedo feature name. More information and more examples of chaos regions can be found at Martian chaos terrain. The area contains small conical edifices, called Hydraotes Colles, which were interpreted as the Martian equivalent of terrestrial cinder cones formed by volcanic activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "National History Museum (Malaysia)",
"paragraph_text": "The National History Museum (Malay: Muzium Sejarah Nasional) was the second national museum in Malaysia after the National Museum. It was located opposite Dataran Merdeka in Kuala Lumpur. As of November 2007 it is closed and the entire collection has been moved to the National Museum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Chalkdust",
"paragraph_text": "Chalkdust, who holds a Ph.D. in history and ethnomusicology from the University of Michigan, is an Assistant Professor of History at the University of the Virgin Islands, and frequently lectures and offers workshops on the history and culture of calypso music. He is the author of the books \"Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962\" (published in 2001) and \"From the Horse’s Mouth\", a socio-cultural history of calypso from 1900 to 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Wonders of China",
"paragraph_text": "Wonders of China was a Circle-Vision 360° film featured in the China Pavilion at Epcot at the Walt Disney World Resort. The film showcased famous Chinese landmarks and the people, environment, and culture of China. Wonders of China was first shown on October 1, 1982 and closed on March 25, 2003. It was replaced by an updated film, \"Reflections of China\", which opened on May 23, 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Gazeta Krakowska",
"paragraph_text": "The Gazeta Krakowska, (full title Polska Gazeta Krakowska) is the largest regional daily newspaper in Kraków, Poland, published five times a week in that city. Gazeta Krakowska was established on February 15, 1949. It features articles about politics, business, economy, popular history, culture, society and sports, entertainment, as well as advertising.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Royal Society Range",
"paragraph_text": "The Royal Society Range () is a majestic mountain range in Victoria Land, Antarctica. With its summit at , the massive Mount Lister forms the highest point in this range. Mount Lister is located along the western shore of McMurdo Sound between the Koettlitz, Skelton and Ferrar glaciers. Other notable local terrain features include Allison Glacier, which descends from the west slopes of the Royal Society Range into Skelton Glacier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mohamed Nagy Museum",
"paragraph_text": "Mohamed Nagy Museum is a photography and biographical art history museum located at 9 Mahmoud El Gendi Street, close to the Giza Plateau, in the Haram district of Giza, in the southwest of the Greater Cairo metropolis, Egypt. It was initially Mohamed Nagy's studio which he founded in 1952. Nagy was a pioneer of modern Egyptian photographic art and is considered in modern Egypt to be one the country's most renowned painters. After his death it was formally inaugurated as a museum on 13 July 1968 by Tharwat Okasha, the Egyptian Minister of Culture. In 1991 the museum was refurbished.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Yamnaya culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas. It is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language, along with the preceding Sredny Stog culture, now that archaeological evidence of the culture and its migrations has been closely tied to the evidence from linguistics and genetics. Significantly, there were animal grave offerings a feature associated with Proto-Indo-Europeans. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Characteristic for the culture are the burials in pit graves under kurgans (tumuli). The dead bodies were placed in a supine position with bent knees and covered in ochre. Multiple graves have been found in these kurgans, often as later insertions. The earliest remains in Ukraine of a wheeled cart were found in the \"Storozhova mohyla\" kurgan associated with the Yamnaya culture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Estonia",
"paragraph_text": "The Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to elect a cultural council. The Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities was reinstated in 1993. Historically, large parts of Estonia's northwestern coast and islands have been populated by indigenous ethnically Rannarootslased (Coastal Swedes).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Maldives",
"paragraph_text": "Since the 12th century AD there were also influences from Arabia in the language and culture of the Maldives because of the conversion to Islam and its location as a crossroads in the central Indian Ocean. This was due to the long trading history between the far east and the middle east.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Joods Historisch Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Joods Historisch Museum (; ), part of the Jewish Cultural Quarter, is a museum in Amsterdam dedicated to Jewish history, culture and religion, in the Netherlands and worldwide. It is the only museum in the Netherlands dedicated to Jewish history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lima culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Lima culture was an indigenous civilization which existed in modern-day Lima, Peru during the Early Intermediate Period, extending from roughly 100 to 650. This pre-Incan culture, which overlaps with surrounding Paracas, Moche, and Nasca civilizations, was located in the desert coastal strip of Peru in the Chillon, Rimac and Lurin River valleys. It can be difficult to differentiate the Lima culture from surrounding cultures due to both its physical proximity to other, and better documented cultures, in Coastal Peru, and because it is chronologically very close, if not over lapped, by these other cultures as well. These factors all help contribute to the obscurity of the Lima culture, of which much information is still left to be learned.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Joseph Raphael",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Raphael (1869–1950) was an American Impressionist painter who spent most of his career as an expatriate but maintained close ties with the artistic community of San Francisco, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Ti Ti Ti",
"paragraph_text": "Ti Ti Ti (international title: The Buzz) is a Brazilian telenovela that originally aired on Rede Globo from 19 July 2010 to 17 March 2011. Based on the 1985 telenovela \"Ti Ti Ti\", written by Cassiano Gabus Mendes, the remake is created and written by Maria Adelaide Amaral. It featured in-universe characters from other Globo telenovelas, such as \"Plumas e Paetês\" (1980), \"Elas por Elas\" (1982), \"Locomotivas\" (1977) and \"Meu Bem, Meu Mal\" (1990).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "History of South Australia",
"paragraph_text": "The history of South Australia refers to the history of the Australian State of South Australia and its preceding Indigenous and British colonial societies. Aboriginal Australians have lived in South Australia for tens of thousands of years, while British colonists arrived in the 19th century to establish a free colony, with no convict settlers. European explorers were sent deep into the interior, discovering some pastoral land but mainly large tracts of desert terrain.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What group of people are the history and culture of of the island where Anakena is found, most closely tied to?
|
[
{
"id": 326087,
"question": "Anakena >> located on terrain feature",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__502448_58009
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Ceilândia",
"paragraph_text": "Ceilândia is an administrative region in the Federal District in Brazil. With about 398,374 inhabitants, it is the administrative region of largest population in the Federal District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Qastal Ma'af",
"paragraph_text": "Qastal Ma'af () is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Kesab to the north, Mashqita and Ayn al-Bayda to the south and Rabia to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qastal Ma'af had a population of 585 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the Qastal Ma'af \"nahiyah\" (\"subdistrict\"), which consisted of 19 localities with a collective population of 16,784 in 2004. The inhabitants of the town are predominantly Turkmen Sunni Muslim, and the inhabitants of the surrounding villages and subdistrict are predominantly Alawites.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Kennedy Space Center",
"paragraph_text": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Dallol (woreda)",
"paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho",
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen",
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Maritsa Municipality",
"paragraph_text": "Maritsa Municipality (obshtina) is located in the Plovdiv Province, southern Bulgaria on the northern bank of the Maritsa River. It has 30,676 inhabitants and consists only of villages. The municipality has thriving industry with around €400 000 000 invested in the recent years. Its administrative center is Plovdiv but the city is not part of the municipality.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert",
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cuscatlán Department",
"paragraph_text": "Cuscatlán is a department of El Salvador, located in the center of the country. With a surface area of , it is El Salvador's smallest department. It is inhabited by over 252,000 people. Cuscatlán or Cuzcatlán was the name the original inhabitants of the Western part of the country gave to most of the territory that is now El Salvador. In their language it means \"land of precious jewels\". It was created on 22 May 1835. Suchitoto was the first capital of the department but on 12 November 1861, Cojutepeque was made the capital. It is known in producing fruits, tobacco, sugar cane, and coffee among other items. The department is famous for its chorizos from the city of Cojutepeque.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Geography of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Anapu",
"paragraph_text": "Anapu is a city in Pará, Brazil. Its population in 2015 was 25,414 inhabitants. The territorial area of Anapu is 11,895 km².",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Poike",
"paragraph_text": "Poike is one of three main extinct volcanoes that form Rapa Nui (Easter Island) (a Chilean island in the Pacific Ocean). At 370 metres, it is the island's second highest point after Terevaka.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Heraclitus",
"paragraph_text": "Heraclitus was famous for his insistence on ever - present change as being the fundamental essence of the universe, as stated in the famous saying, ``No man ever steps in the same river twice ''(see panta rhei, below). This position was complemented by his stark commitment to a unity of opposites in the world, stating that`` the path up and down are one and the same''. Through these doctrines Heraclitus characterized all existing entities by pairs of contrary properties, whereby no entity may ever occupy a single state at a single time. This, along with his cryptic utterance that ``all entities come to be in accordance with this Logos ''(literally,`` word'', ``reason '', or`` account'') has been the subject of numerous interpretations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Municipality of Radovljica",
"paragraph_text": "The Municipality of Radovljica (; ) is a municipality in the Upper Carniola region of northern Slovenia. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Radovljica. The municipality has around 18,000 inhabitants and an area of . It is located at the southern slope of the Karawanks mountain range at the confluence of the Sava Dolinka and the Sava Bohinjka, both headwaters of the Sava River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the original inhabitants of the place where Poike is located come from?
|
[
{
"id": 502448,
"question": "Poike >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 58009,
"question": "where did the original inhabitants of #1 come from",
"answer": "the Marquesas Islands from the west",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
the Marquesas Islands from the west
|
[
"Marquesas",
"Marquesas Islands"
] | true |
2hop__469966_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Je fais le mort",
"paragraph_text": "Je fais le mort is a 2013 French comedy film written and directed by Jean-Paul Salomé. The film stars François Damiens, Géraldine Nakache and Lucien Jean-Baptiste. It was screened at the Rome Film Festival, under the title Playing Dead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Canon de 16 Gribeauval",
"paragraph_text": "The Canon de 16 Gribeauval was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui",
"paragraph_text": "Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui (November 21, 1798 – January 28, 1854) was a French economist. His most important contributions were made in labour economics, economic history and especially the history of economic thought, in which field his 1837 treatise has been the first major work. He was a disciple of Jean-Baptiste Say to whom he succeeded in 1833 to the chair of political economy at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers, and a free trader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Agostina Segatori",
"paragraph_text": "Agostina Segatori (Ancona 1841–1910 Paris) was a famous model who posed for celebrated painters in Paris, France such as Édouard Joseph Dantan, Jean-Baptiste Corot, Jean-Léon Gérôme, Eugène Delacroix, Vincent van Gogh and Édouard Manet.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Lange Glacier",
"paragraph_text": "Lange Glacier () is a glacier flowing into the west side of Admiralty Bay close south of Admiralen Peak, King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It was charted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1908–10, under Jean-Baptiste Charcot, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 for Alexander Lange (1860–1922), a Norwegian pioneer of modern steam whaling in the South Shetland Islands in 1905–6, and commander of the \"Admiralen\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Yamnaya culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas. It is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language, along with the preceding Sredny Stog culture, now that archaeological evidence of the culture and its migrations has been closely tied to the evidence from linguistics and genetics. Significantly, there were animal grave offerings a feature associated with Proto-Indo-Europeans. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Characteristic for the culture are the burials in pit graves under kurgans (tumuli). The dead bodies were placed in a supine position with bent knees and covered in ochre. Multiple graves have been found in these kurgans, often as later insertions. The earliest remains in Ukraine of a wheeled cart were found in the \"Storozhova mohyla\" kurgan associated with the Yamnaya culture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Baptists",
"paragraph_text": "Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; the Kingdom of God; last things (eschatology) (Jesus Christ will return personally and visibly in glory to the earth, the dead will be raised, and Christ will judge everyone in righteousness); and evangelism and missions. Some historically significant Baptist doctrinal documents include the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, 1742 Philadelphia Baptist Confession, the 1833 New Hampshire Baptist Confession of Faith, the Southern Baptist Convention's Baptist Faith and Message, and written church covenants which some individual Baptist churches adopt as a statement of their faith and beliefs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau (c.1585–1650) was a French architect, the son of Jean Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau, the outstanding Parisian architect of his generation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Lamy of Santa Fe",
"paragraph_text": "Lamy of Santa Fe is a 1975 biography of Catholic Archbishop Jean Baptiste Lamy, written by American author Paul Horgan and published by Wesleyan University Press. The book won the 1976 Pulitzer Prize for History.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jean-Pierre-André Amar",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Pierre-André Amar or Jean-Baptiste-André Amar (May 11, 1755 – December 21, 1816) was a French political figure of the Revolution and Freemason.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos (; 14 December 1670 – 23 March 1742), also referred to as l'Abbé Du Bos, was a French author.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Onésime Dutrou-Bornier (19 November 1834 – 6 August 1876) was a French mariner who settled on Easter Island in 1868, purchased much of the island, removed many of the Rapa Nui people and turned the island into a sheep ranch.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune",
"paragraph_text": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune (Senlis, Oise, 1732 – Angoulême, 7 October 1809) was a French philologist, physician and translator.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle (1662, Marseille-1723, Marseille) was French Consul in the Moroccan city of Salé in 1689-98. He was the son of Pierre Estelle, Consul at Tetuan. He succeeded Jean Perillier as consul at Salé.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet (2 May 1746 in Bernay, Eure – 17 February 1825) was a French politician of the Revolutionary period. His brother, Robert Thomas Lindet, became a constitutional bishop and member of the National Convention. Although his role may not have been spectacular, Jean-Baptiste Lindet came to be the embodiment of the growing middle class that came to dominate French politics during the Revolution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Limpet Island",
"paragraph_text": "Limpet Island is the southernmost of the Léonie Islands, Antarctica, lying in the entrance to Ryder Bay, close off the southeast coast of Adelaide Island. The Léonie Islands were discovered and first roughly surveyed in 1909 by the Fourth French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. Limpet Island was surveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey and so named by them because of the large number of limpet shells found there.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Louis Lully",
"paragraph_text": "Louis Lully (4 August 1664 in Paris – 1 April 1734) was a French musician and the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Lully.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Dazincourt",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Albouy (11 December 1747, in Marseille – 28 March 1809, in Paris), stage name Dazincourt, was a French actor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Negress",
"paragraph_text": "The Negress is a bronze sculpture by French artist Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. It is now in the permanent collection at the Indianapolis Museum of Art.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The history and culture of the place where Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier died is most closely tied to?
|
[
{
"id": 469966,
"question": "Jean-Baptiste Dutrou-Bornier >> place of death",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__56654_10984
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "New York State Route 164 (disambiguation)",
"paragraph_text": "New York State Route 164 is an east–west state highway in Putnam County, New York, United States, that was established in 1970.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Szapsel Rotholc",
"paragraph_text": "Born into a Jewish family in Warsaw, he was a member of the \"Gwiazda Warszawa\" Boxing Club in 1929–1939. He won the bronze medal in the Flyweight class at the 1934 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Budapest. In 1933 he won the Polish champion title. He represented Poland in many matches: POL vs. HUN (1934, 1935), POL vs. USA (1934), POL vs. CZE (1934), POL vs. GER (1934, 1935, 1938), POL vs. NOR (1937), POL vs. DEN (1937), POL vs. ITA (1938), POL vs. FRA (1938), POL vs. SUI (1938), POL vs. EST (1938), POL vs. SWE (1939), POL vs. FIN (1939), scoring +15 –0 =1. He played also for Warsaw in duals against Dublin (1937), Vienna (1939) and Italy (1939), scoring +2 –1 =0. Rotholc won all fights except two, one drew and one loss with an Italian boxer Guido Nardecchia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Robert Byrne (chess player)",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Eugene Byrne (April 20, 1928 – April 12, 2013) was an American chess grandmaster and chess author. He won the U.S. Championship in 1972, and was a World Chess Championship Candidate in 1974. Byrne represented the United States nine times in Chess Olympiads from 1952 to 1976 and won seven medals. He was the chess columnist from 1972 to 2006 for \"The New York Times\", which ran his final column (a recounting of his 1952 victory over David Bronstein) on November 12, 2006. Byrne worked as a university professor for many years, before becoming a chess professional in the early 1970s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "John Collier (athlete)",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Buffalo, New York, he competed for the United States in the 1928 Summer Olympics held in Amsterdam, Netherlands in the 110 metre hurdles where he won the bronze medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Times",
"paragraph_text": "The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, including The Times of India (founded in 1838), The Straits Times (Singapore) (1845), The New York Times (1851), The Irish Times (1859), Le Temps (France) (1861-1942), the Cape Times (South Africa) (1872), the Los Angeles Times (1881), The Seattle Times (1891), The Manila Times (1898), The Daily Times (Malawi) (1900), El Tiempo (Colombia) (1911), The Canberra Times (1926), and The Times (Malta) (1935). In these countries, the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times or The Times of London.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "1975 Ryder Cup",
"paragraph_text": "The United States team won the competition by a score of 21 to 11 points. After the competition, questions started to be asked about the future of the event, as Britain and Ireland had once again failed to seriously challenge the United States team. The next time the competition was held in the U.S. in 1979, the visiting team included players from continental Europe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "New York (state)",
"paragraph_text": "New York is a state in the northeastern United States. New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state. To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Daylight saving time",
"paragraph_text": "Older or stripped-down systems may support only the TZ values required by POSIX, which specify at most one start and end rule explicitly in the value. For example, TZ='EST5EDT,M3.2.0/02:00,M11.1.0/02:00' specifies time for the eastern United States starting in 2007. Such a TZ value must be changed whenever DST rules change, and the new value applies to all years, mishandling some older timestamps.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "S. Lipschütz",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Ungvár, Ung County, Carpathian Ruthenia, Austria-Hungary (now Uzhhorod, Ukraine), Lipschütz emigrated to New York City in 1880 at the age of seventeen. He soon became known in chess circles and in 1883 he was chosen as one of a team to represent the New York Chess Club in a match with the Philadelphia Chess Club, and won both of his games. In 1885 he won the championship of the New York Chess Club, and the next year he took part in the international tournament held in London, where he came sixth, including wins over Johannes Zukertort and George Henry Mackenzie. At the Sixth American Chess Congress held in New York in 1889, Lipschütz again finished sixth and was the only American player among the prize winners. Lipschütz won the U.S. Chess Championship in 1892 by defeating Jackson Whipps Showalter in a match by seven wins to one with one draw. He secured for the Manhattan Chess Club the absolute possession of the \"Staats-Zeitung\" challenge cup by winning New York State Chess Association matches and tournaments three times. In 1900 he won the Sexangular Tournament at the Manhattan Chess Club ahead of Frank Marshall and Showalter. Lipschütz played Emanuel Lasker twice and drew both games. Several games played by Lipschütz were published in \"Examples of Chess Master-Play\" (New Barnet, 1893).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The New York Times",
"paragraph_text": "The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership. Founded in 1851, the paper has won 122 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "List of New York Knicks seasons",
"paragraph_text": "1972 -- 73 Eastern * 7000300000000000000 ♠ 3rd ¤Atlantic 2nd 57 25. 695 11 Won Conference Semifinals vs. Baltimore Bullets, 4 -- 1 Won Conference Finals vs. Boston Celtics, 4 -- 3 Won Finals vs. Los Angeles Lakers, 4 -- 1 Willis Reed (FMVP) Red Holzman",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "New York Times Co. v. United States",
"paragraph_text": "New York Times Co. v. United States, 403 U.S. 713 (1971), was a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the First Amendment. The ruling made it possible for The New York Times and The Washington Post newspapers to publish the then - classified Pentagon Papers without risk of government censorship or punishment.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "New York City",
"paragraph_text": "In 1785, the assembly of the Congress of the Confederation made New York the national capital shortly after the war. New York was the last capital of the U.S. under the Articles of Confederation and the first capital under the Constitution of the United States. In 1789, the first President of the United States, George Washington, was inaugurated; the first United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States each assembled for the first time, and the United States Bill of Rights was drafted, all at Federal Hall on Wall Street. By 1790, New York had surpassed Philadelphia as the largest city in the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Fix for '96 (Dream Theater tour)",
"paragraph_text": "The Fix For '96 Shows was a tour by Progressive metal/rock band Dream Theater in North America, starting December 4, 1996 in Poughkeepsie, New York, and concluded December 14, 1996 in Old Bridge, New Jersey, United States, during Falling Into Infinity demos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Vs. (Pearl Jam album)",
"paragraph_text": "Pearl Jam decided to scale back its promotional efforts for \"Vs.\", including declining to produce music videos for any of the album's singles. Upon its release, \"Vs.\" set the record for most copies of an album sold in its first week, a record it held for five years. \"Vs.\" occupied the number one spot on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart for five weeks, the longest duration for a Pearl Jam album. The album has been certified seven times platinum by the RIAA in the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Freedom for the Thought That We Hate",
"paragraph_text": "Freedom for the Thought That We Hate: A Biography of the First Amendment is a 2007 non-fiction book by journalist Anthony Lewis about freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of thought, and the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The book starts by quoting the First Amendment, which prohibits the U.S. Congress from creating legislation which limits free speech or freedom of the press. Lewis traces the evolution of civil liberties in the U.S. through key historical events. He provides an overview of important free speech case law, including U.S. Supreme Court opinions in Schenck v. United States (1919), Whitney v. California (1927), United States v. Schwimmer (1929), New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964), and New York Times Co. v. United States (1971).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade",
"paragraph_text": "The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York City, the world's largest parade, is presented by the U.S. - based department store chain Macy's. The tradition started in 1924, tying it for the second - oldest Thanksgiving parade in the United States with America's Thanksgiving Parade in Detroit (with both parades being four years younger than the 6abc Dunkin 'Donuts Thanksgiving Day Parade in Philadelphia). The three - hour Macy's event is held in Manhattan starting at 9: 00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time on Thanksgiving Day, and has been televised nationally on NBC since 1952.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Lewis, Essex County, New York",
"paragraph_text": "Lewis is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. The population was 1,382 at the 2010 census. The town is named after Morgan Lewis, the governor of New York at the time the town was established.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade",
"paragraph_text": "The annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade in New York City, the world's largest parade, is presented by the U.S. - based department store chain Macy's. The tradition started in 1924, tying it for the second - oldest Thanksgiving parade in the United States with America's Thanksgiving Parade in Detroit (with both parades being four years younger than Philadelphia's Thanksgiving Day Parade). The three - hour Macy's event is held in Manhattan starting at 9: 00 a.m. Eastern Standard Time on Thanksgiving Day, and has been televised nationally on NBC since 1952. Employees at Macy's department stores have the option of marching in the parade.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Old Bet",
"paragraph_text": "The first elephant brought to the United States was in 1796, aboard the America which set sail from Calcutta for New York on December 3, 1795. However, it is not certain that this was Old Bet. The first references to Old Bet start in 1804 in Boston as part of a menagerie. In 1808, while residing in Somers, New York, Hachaliah Bailey purchased the menagerie elephant for $1,000 and named it ``Old Bet ''.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What year saw the creation of the newspaper that won the lawsuit titled by its name, vs. United States?
|
[
{
"id": 56654,
"question": "new york times vs united states who won",
"answer": "The New York Times",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 10984,
"question": "What year did #1 start?",
"answer": "1851",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
1851
|
[] | true |
2hop__777506_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "America's Got Talent (season 10)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "3rd Youth in Film Awards",
"paragraph_text": "Although the Youth in Film Awards were conceived as a way to primarily recognize youth performers under the age of 21, the eldest winner in a competitive category at the 3rd annual ceremony was Lionel Richie who was 32 years old on the night he won as \"Best Young Musical Recording Artist - Male\" for his song \"Endless Love\" from the soundtrack for the motion picture \"Endless Love\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 16)",
"paragraph_text": "The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. In addition to being the first Iowan to win the competition, Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve, the first female to beat a male in the finale since Jordin Sparks in season six and the first white female to win since Carrie Underwood in season four.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Endless Love (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Endless Love ''is a song written by Lionel Richie and originally recorded as a duet between Richie and fellow soul singer Diana Ross. In this ballad, the singers declare their`` endless love'' for one another. It was covered by soul singer Luther Vandross with R&B singer Mariah Carey and also by country music singer Shania Twain. Richie's friend (and sometimes co-worker) Kenny Rogers has also recorded the song. Billboard has named the original version as the greatest song duet of all - time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Matinee Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The Matinee Idol is a 1928 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra, and starring Bessie Love and Johnnie Walker. A Broadway star falls in love with a woman who does not know his real identity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Endless Thirst",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Endless Thirst\" is the sixth episode of the first season of the CBS drama \"Under the Dome.\" The episode aired on July 29, 2013.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol (season 5)",
"paragraph_text": "The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Paula Lima",
"paragraph_text": "Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the composer of Endless Love a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 777506,
"question": "Endless Love >> composer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__797255_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Springfield model 1871",
"paragraph_text": "The Springfield model 1871 rolling-block U.S. Army rifle was manufactured in 1871–72 by Springfield Armory, using the design originated by Remington Arms Company, under a royalty agreement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "White Tee",
"paragraph_text": "\"White Tee\" is a 2004 song by Dem Franchize Boyz, which appeared on their debut album \"Dem Franchize Boyz\", released on So So Def Records and Universal Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Vertical Roll",
"paragraph_text": "Vertical Roll is a 1972 video art piece by American video and performance artist Joan Jonas. It is a sequel to Jonas' first video work \"Organic Honey's Visual Telepathy\". Jonas' interfacing with the material grammar of video was significant to the late 1960s and early 1970s experimentation with new video technology. Among others, Steina and Woody Vasulka, Nam June Paik and Peter Campus also contributed to the emergent material discourse of video art.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Leader of the Liberal Democrats",
"paragraph_text": "Leader of the Liberal Democrats Incumbent Vince Cable since 20 July 2017 Member of Lib Dem. frontbench team Lib Dem. Federal Board Appointer Liberal Democrats membership Inaugural holder David Steel and Bob Maclennan Formation 3 March 1988 Website Official website",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Shake, Rattle & Roll X",
"paragraph_text": "Shake, Rattle & Roll X (also known as, Shake, Rattle and Roll 10) is a 2008 Philippine horror suspense in three acts from Regal Films. It is the tenth installment of the Shake, Rattle & Roll film series and top billed by Marian Rivera. It was also distributed by Regal Entertainment, Inc. and Regal Multimedia, Inc. It was an official entry in the 2008 Metro Manila Film Festival. The film was a box office success and won a Best Festival Child Performer Award for Robert Villar's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Dancing in the Dark (Bruce Springsteen song)",
"paragraph_text": "Directed by Brian De Palma, the video was shot at the Saint Paul Civic Center in Saint Paul, Minnesota, on June 28 and 29, 1984. The first night was a pure video shot, the second was on the opening date of the Born in the U.S.A. Tour. Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band performed the song twice during that show to allow Brian De Palma to get all the footage he needed. The video is a straight performance video, with Springsteen not playing a guitar, allowing him to invite a young woman from the audience, performed by Courteney Cox, to dance along with him on the stage at the end. In September 1985, the video won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Stage Performance.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Alexandra Richards",
"paragraph_text": "Alexandra Nicole Richards (born July 28, 1986) is an American model, artist, and DJ in New York City. She is the daughter of Patti Hansen and Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, and the sister of Theodora Richards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Watch Me (Whip/Nae Nae)",
"paragraph_text": "``Watch Me (Whip / Nae Nae) ''Single by Silentó Released May 5, 2015 Format Digital download Recorded November 2014 Genre Hip hop dance - pop Length 3: 05 Label Capitol Songwriter (s) Ricky Hawk Timothy Mingo Producer (s) Bolo Da Producer Silentó singles chronology`` Watch Me (Whip / Nae Nae)'' (2015) ``Lightning in a Bottle ''(2015)`` Watch Me'' (2015) ``Lightning in a Bottle ''(2015) Music video`` Watch Me'' on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "YouTube",
"paragraph_text": "In May 2007, YouTube launched its Partner Program, a system based on AdSense which allows the uploader of the video to share the revenue produced by advertising on the site. YouTube typically takes 45 percent of the advertising revenue from videos in the Partner Program, with 55 percent going to the uploader. There are over a million members of the YouTube Partner Program. According to TubeMogul, in 2013 a pre-roll advertisement on YouTube (one that is shown before the video starts) cost advertisers on average $7.60 per 1000 views. Usually no more than half of eligible videos have a pre-roll advertisement, due to a lack of interested advertisers. Assuming pre-roll advertisements on half of videos, a YouTube partner would earn 0.5 X $7.60 X 55% = $2.09 per 1000 views in 2013.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Shape of You",
"paragraph_text": "On 30 January 2017, the song's official music video, starring American dancer and model Jennie Pegouskie and retired professional sumo wrestler Yamamotoyama Ryūta (credited as ``Yama ''), was released on Sheeran's channel. It was shot on location in Seattle, and was directed by Jason Koenig. On 8 May 2017, 97 days after its release, it became one of the fastest music videos to reach 1 billion views on YouTube, and as of April 2018, the music video has amassed over 3.4 billion views on the site. and is the site's third most - watched video.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Watch Dem Roll",
"paragraph_text": "\"Watch Dem Roll\" (also known as \"Watch Them Roll\") is a single by Sean Paul. It was originally the lead single from Sean Paul's album \"Imperial Blaze\", but it did not appear on the album. Produced by Stephen McGregor (son of reggae legend Freddie McGregor), the song uses the \"Tremor\" dancehall riddim. The song can be found on the \"Reggae Gold 2007\" compilation album, and a music video has been leaked to the Internet.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Girls Dem Sugar",
"paragraph_text": "Girls Dem Sugar is a reggae fusion song by Jamaican deejay Beenie Man and features singer-songwriter Mýa. The track was produced by The Neptunes for Davis' 2000 studio album \"Art and Life\" and inspired and conceptualized from his 1997 Jamaican hit single \"Who Am I (Sim Simma)\". \"Girls Dem Sugar\" was written by Beenie Man, Chad Hugo, and Pharrell Williams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Ford Model T",
"paragraph_text": "Although automobiles had already existed for decades, they were still mostly scarce, expensive, and unreliable at the Model T's introduction in 1908. Positioned as reliable, easily maintained, mass - market transportation, it was a runaway success. In a matter of days after the release, 15,000 orders were placed. The first production Model T was produced on August 12, 1908 and left the factory on September 27, 1908, at the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant in Detroit, Michigan. On May 26, 1927, Henry Ford watched the 15 millionth Model T Ford roll off the assembly line at his factory in Highland Park, Michigan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Look What You Made Me Do",
"paragraph_text": "The official music video premiered on August 27, 2017 at the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards. The song's music video broke the record for most - watched video within 24 hours by achieving 43.2 million views on YouTube in its first day. It topped the 27.7 million Vevo views Adele's ``Hello ''attracted in that timeframe, as well as the 36 million YouTube views of Psy's`` Gentleman'' video. It was viewed at an average 30,000 times per minute in its first 24 hours, with views reaching over 3 million views per hour.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mind Your Own Business (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Mind Your Own Business ''Single by Hank Williams B - side`` There'll Be No Teardrops Tonight'' Released July 1949 Recorded March 1, 1949 Studio Castle Studio, Nashville Genre Country, blues, rock and roll Length 2: 47 Label MGM Songwriter (s) Hank Williams Producer (s) Fred Rose Hank Williams singles chronology ``Wedding Bells ''(1949)`` Mind Your Own Business'' (1949) ``You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave) ''(1949)`` Wedding Bells'' (1949) ``Mind Your Own Business ''(1949)`` You're Gonna Change (Or I'm Gonna Leave)'' (1949)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Josh Stewart",
"paragraph_text": "Joshua Regnall Stewart (born February 6, 1977) is an American actor best known for his role as Holt McLaren in the FX TV series Dirt and as Detective William LaMontagne, Jr., in Criminal Minds. He was also cast as Brendan Finney in the final season of the NBC TV series Third Watch and as Barsad in Christopher Nolan's The Dark Knight Rises.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Video Rewind",
"paragraph_text": "Video Rewind is a compilation of video clips recorded between 1972–1984 by The Rolling Stones. Instead of just presenting unrelated clips and videos just strung together, it uses a framing 'story', featuring Bill Wyman and Mick Jagger, directed by Julien Temple and includes some video directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg. It was first released in 1984 on the VHS, Laserdisc, and CED Videodisc format by Vestron home video.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the model on the music video by the performer of "Watch Dem Roll"?
|
[
{
"id": 797255,
"question": "Watch Dem Roll >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__20825_10984
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Fire and Fury",
"paragraph_text": "The book was originally scheduled to go on sale on January 9, 2018, but the publisher, Henry Holt and Company, moved up the release date to January 5 due to ``unprecedented demand. ''An excerpt of the book was released by New York magazine on January 3, 2018. The same day, other media outlets reported on further content of the book; for example, The Guardian reported`` explosive'' highlights, stating they were based on the full book. That day, preorders of the book made it the number 1 bestseller in the country. Fire and Fury debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller list, and within a week had become the fastest selling book in the publisher's history, with over 700,000 orders shipped and 1.4 million orders placed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Racketeer (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Racketeer is a legal thriller novel written by John Grisham that was released on October 23, 2012 by Doubleday with an initial printing of 1.5 million copies. It was one of the best selling books of 2012 and spent several weeks atop various best seller lists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Dispatches from the Edge",
"paragraph_text": "Dispatches from the Edge is a best-selling book written by Anderson Cooper. On June 18, 2006 it was listed at #1 on \"The New York Times\" Non-Fiction Best Seller list. It contains revelations about growing up as the younger son of Gloria Vanderbilt. Reflections include the devastating effects of his father's early demise (heart attack) as well as of his older brother's inexplicable suicide.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Steven Callahan",
"paragraph_text": "Steven Callahan (born 1952) is an American author, naval architect, inventor, and sailor noted for having survived for 76 days adrift on the Atlantic Ocean in a liferaft. Callahan recounted his ordeal in the best - selling book Adrift: 76 Days Lost At Sea (1986), which was on the New York Times best - seller list for more than 36 weeks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Whitney Houston",
"paragraph_text": "Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 songs. She is the second artist behind Elton John and the only woman to have two number - one Billboard 200 Album awards (formerly ``Top Pop Albums '') on the Billboard magazine year - end charts. Houston's self - titled debut album (1985) became the best - selling debut album by a woman in history. Rolling Stone named it the best album of 1986, and ranked it at number 254 on the magazine's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. Her second studio album, Whitney (1987), became the first album by a woman to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "11/22/63",
"paragraph_text": "11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, which occurred on November 22, 1963 (the novel's titular date). It is the 60th book published by Stephen King, his 49th novel and the 42nd under his own name. The novel was announced on King's official site on March 2, 2011. A short excerpt was released online on June 1, 2011, and another excerpt was published in the October 28, 2011, issue of \"Entertainment Weekly\". The novel was published on November 8, 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller. It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks. \"11/22/63\" won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel, and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Madonna (entertainer)",
"paragraph_text": "Life with My Sister Madonna, a book by Madonna's brother Christopher, debuted at number two on The New York Times bestseller list. The book caused some friction between Madonna and her brother, because of the unsolicited publication. Problems also arose between Madonna and Ritchie, with the media reporting that they were on the verge of separation. Ultimately, Madonna filed for divorce from Ritchie, citing irreconcilable differences, which was finalized in December 2008. She decided to adopt from Malawi. The country's High Court initially approved the adoption of Chifundo \"Mercy\" James; however, the application was rejected because Madonna was not a resident of the country. Madonna appealed, and on June 12, 2009, the Supreme Court of Malawi granted Madonna the right to adopt Mercy James. She also released Celebration, her third greatest-hits album and final release with Warner. It contained the new songs \"Celebration\" and \"Revolver\" along with 34 hits spanning her career. Celebration reached number one in the UK, tying her with Elvis Presley as the solo act with most number one albums in the British chart history. She appeared at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards on September 13, 2009, to speak in tribute to deceased pop star Michael Jackson.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Girl on the Train (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Girl on the Train (2015) is a psychological thriller novel by British author Paula Hawkins. The novel debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times Fiction Best Sellers of 2015 list (combined print and e-book) dated 1 February 2015, and remained in the top position for 13 consecutive weeks, until April 2015. In January 2016 it became the No. 1 best - seller again for two weeks. Many reviews referred to the book as ``the next Gone Girl '', referring to a popular 2012 psychological mystery with similar themes and use of unreliable narrators.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Interstellar Pig",
"paragraph_text": "Interstellar Pig, published in 1984 by Bantam Books, is a science fiction novel for young adults written by William Sleator. It was listed as an ALA Notable Book, a SLJ Best Book of the Year, and a Junior Literary Guild Selection.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Moonwalk (book)",
"paragraph_text": "Moonwalk is a 1988 autobiography written by American recording artist Michael Jackson. The book was first published by Doubleday on February 1, 1988, five months after the release of Jackson's 1987 \"Bad\" album, and named after Jackson's signature dance move, the moonwalk. The book contains a foreword by Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. It reached number one on the \"New York Times Best Seller list\". The book was reissued by Doubleday on October 13, 2009 following Jackson's death on June 25, 2009.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil",
"paragraph_text": "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil is a non-fiction work by John Berendt. The book, Berendt's first, was published in 1994. It became a \"New York Times\" Best-Seller for 216 weeks following its debut and remains the longest-standing \"New York Times\" Best-Seller.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Ms. Jackson",
"paragraph_text": "``Ms. Jackson ''is a song by American alternative hip hop duo OutKast. It was released on October 3, 2000, as the second single from their fourth album, Stankonia. It topped the US charts, and won a 2002 Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. It also reached number one in Germany and number two in the United Kingdom, held from the top spot by Atomic Kitten's`` Whole Again''. In October 2011, NME placed it at number 81 on its list of the ``150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years ''and in June of the same year Rolling Stone ranked it at number 55 in their`` 100 Best Songs of the 2000s''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Will Grayson, Will Grayson",
"paragraph_text": "Will Grayson, Will Grayson is a novel by John Green and David Levithan, published in April 2010 by Dutton Juvenile. The book's narrative is divided evenly between two boys named Will Grayson, with Green having written all of the chapters for one and Levithan having written the chapters for the other, presented in an alternating chapter fashion. One boy is referred to with a capitalized letter at the start of his name, while the other is referred to in all lower case letters. The novel debuted on \"The New York Times\" children's best-seller list after its release and remained there for three weeks. It was the first LGBT-themed young adult novel to make it to that list.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Let's Get Out of This Country",
"paragraph_text": "\"Pitchfork\" placed the album at 45 on its year-end list and at number 179 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s. \"PopMatters\" listed the album 60th on its list of the year's best albums, and it named \"Let's Get Out of This Country\" the second best indie pop album of the year. \"Stylus Magazine\" ranked the album 22 on its year-end list. In a retrospective of Merge Records, \"Paste\" named \"Let's Get Out of This Country\" the label's best 2006 release. \"Under the Radar\" ranked the album fourth in its list of the Best Albums of the Decade (2000–2009). \"Fact\" magazine listed the album at 93 on its 2000s list.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "When You Reach Me",
"paragraph_text": "\"When You Reach Me\" was inspired by a man suffering from amnesia, and by parts of her childhood and her favorite book, \"A Wrinkle in Time\". After completing much of the novel, Stead gave the draft to her editor, Wendy Lamb, who liked it. They expanded on the initial concepts and published \"When You Reach Me\" on July 14, 2009, under Wendy Lamb Books, an imprint of Random House. The book was well received by critics, who praised its realistic setting and the author's deft handling of small details. The novel has reached the best-seller lists of \"The New York Times\", \"Los Angeles Times\" and \"USA Today\". In addition to receiving the 2010 Newbery Medal, \"When You Reach Me\" won several Best Book of the Year awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Times",
"paragraph_text": "The Times is the first newspaper to have borne that name, lending it to numerous other papers around the world, including The Times of India (founded in 1838), The Straits Times (Singapore) (1845), The New York Times (1851), The Irish Times (1859), Le Temps (France) (1861-1942), the Cape Times (South Africa) (1872), the Los Angeles Times (1881), The Seattle Times (1891), The Manila Times (1898), The Daily Times (Malawi) (1900), El Tiempo (Colombia) (1911), The Canberra Times (1926), and The Times (Malta) (1935). In these countries, the newspaper is often referred to as The London Times or The Times of London.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Madonna (entertainer)",
"paragraph_text": "Madonna gave another provocative performance later that year at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, while singing \"Hollywood\" with Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and Missy Elliott. Madonna sparked controversy for kissing Spears and Aguilera suggestively during the performance. In October 2003, Madonna provided guest vocals on Spears' single \"Me Against the Music\". It was followed with the release of Remixed & Revisited. The EP contained remixed versions of songs from American Life and included \"Your Honesty\", a previously unreleased track from the Bedtime Stories recording sessions. Madonna also signed a contract with Callaway Arts & Entertainment to be the author of five children's books. The first of these books, titled The English Roses, was published in September 2003. The story was about four English schoolgirls and their envy and jealousy of each other. Kate Kellway from The Guardian commented, \"[Madonna] is an actress playing at what she can never be—a JK Rowling, an English rose.\" The book debuted at the top of The New York Times Best Seller list and became the fastest-selling children's picture book of all time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ode to Billie Joe",
"paragraph_text": "``Ode to Billie Joe ''is a song written and recorded by Bobbie Gentry, a singer - songwriter from Chickasaw County, Mississippi. The single, released on July 10, 1967, was a number - one hit in the US and a big international seller. Billboard ranked the record as the No. 3 song of the year. It generated eight Grammy nominations, resulting in three wins for Gentry and one for arranger Jimmie Haskell.`` Ode to Billie Joe'' has since made Rolling Stone's lists of the ``500 Greatest Songs of All Time ''and the`` 100 Greatest Country Songs of All Time'' and Pitchfork's ``200 Best Songs of the 1960s ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas",
"paragraph_text": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is a 2006 Holocaust novel by Irish novelist John Boyne. Unlike the months of planning Boyne devoted to his other books, he said that he wrote the entire first draft of The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas in two and a half days, barely sleeping until he got to the end. As of March 2010, the novel had sold more than five million copies around the world. In both 2007 and 2008, it was the best selling book of the year in Spain, and it has also reached number one on the New York Times bestseller list, as well as in the UK, Ireland, and Australia. The book was adapted in 2008 as a film of the same name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "One False Note",
"paragraph_text": "One False Note is the second book in \"The 39 Clues\" series. It is written by Gordan Korman, and was published by Scholastic on December 2, 2008. Following the events of \"The Maze of Bones\", the protagonists Amy and Dan Cahill learn about Mozart and travel to Vienna, Austria to search for the second clue in the 39 Clues competition. \"One False Note\" entered the Children's Books New York Times Best Seller list at number one on December 21, 2008 and stayed on the list for children's chapter books for 12 weeks.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What year did the best seller's list ranking Life with My Sister Madonna at number two start?
|
[
{
"id": 20825,
"question": "The book debuted at number two on which best seller's list?",
"answer": "The New York Times",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 10984,
"question": "What year did #1 start?",
"answer": "1851",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
1851
|
[] | true |
2hop__747260_10038
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Orenburgsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Orenburgsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 74,404 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Zhejiang Airlines",
"paragraph_text": "Zhejiang Airlines () was an airline based in Jianqiao Airport in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. The airline was wholly owned by China National Aviation Holding. During 2004, as part of a consolidation of the Chinese aviation industry, Air China absorbed Zhejiang Airlines when CNAC was merged into Air China.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Union territory",
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Dallol (woreda)",
"paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Bani Walid District",
"paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Nefteyugansky District",
"paragraph_text": "Nefteyugansky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the south of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Nefteyugansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 44,815 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Gmina Lubawa",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Surgutsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Surgutsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the center of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Surgut (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 113,515 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Ap Lo Chun",
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Zhejiang",
"paragraph_text": "Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Yeletsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Yeletsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eighteen in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Yelets (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 29,627 (2002 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Serpukhovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Seeberg",
"paragraph_text": "Seeberg is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The lake Burgäschisee is located on the border with Aeschi. On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Hermiswil merged into Seeberg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Tutayevsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Tutayevsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Tutayev (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 15,949 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Teykovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Teykovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Teykovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 14,418 (2002 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the former name of the city where Jianggan District is located?
|
[
{
"id": 747260,
"question": "Jianggan District >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Hangzhou",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 10038,
"question": "What was the former name of #1 ?",
"answer": "Qiantang",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Qiantang
|
[] | true |
2hop__545289_58009
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Carmen McRae Sings Lover Man and Other Billie Holiday Classics",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen McRae Sings Lover Man and Other Billie Holiday Classics is a 1962 studio album by Carmen McRae, recorded in tribute to McRae's idol, Billie Holiday, who had died two years previously.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Carmen Argenziano",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen Antimo Argenziano (born October 27, 1943) is an American actor who has appeared in over 50 movies and around 100 television movies or episodes. He is best known for playing Jacob Carter on Stargate SG - 1. He had recurring roles on Booker, L.A. Law, Melrose Place, and The Young and the Restless. He had a small role in The Godfather Part II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Carmen (1915 Cecil B. DeMille film)",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen is a 1915 American silent drama film directed by Cecil B. DeMille. The film is based on the novella \"Carmen\" by Prosper Mérimée. The existing versions of this film appear to be from the re-edited 1918 re-release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Attack from Atlantis",
"paragraph_text": "Attack From Atlantis (1953) is a science fiction novel written by Lester del Rey. The story follows the new \"U.S.S. Triton\" submarine on her maiden voyage, but trouble happens when the crew comes face to face with the inhabitants of the underwater city Atlantis.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "International Who's Who in Music",
"paragraph_text": "The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Castellanos (surname)",
"paragraph_text": "Castellanos is a Spanish habitational surname with the meaning ``(from a place founded or inhabited by) Castilians ''. Notable people with the surname include:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Shane McCutcheon",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen introduces Shane to her family, but pretends that they are friends. The family grows fond of Shane and attempts to set her up on a date. This prompts Carmen to come out, but her family reject her and cease contact. Shane is hired at Wax, a skateboarding shop with a hair salon. Cherie visits Shane and tells her that she divorced Steve and is still interested in her. Carmen performs a DJ set at Wax and Def Jam watch her performance. Shane notices Carmen flirting with their employees and reacts by sleeping with Cherie. Carmen confronts Shane, who tells her that she finds monogamy hard to live with. Shane stops showing an interest in sex, Carmen then accuses her of punishing her. She then tells Shane that she has cheated on her in revenge. Shane grieves for her friend Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels) and asks Carmen to marry her, who later accepts. Shane finds her father, Gabriel McCutcheon (Eric Roberts) and discovers that she has a half - brother, Shay. Helena Peabody (Rachel Shelley) finances the wedding and they travel to Whistler, British Columbia, where same - sex marriage is legal. When she notices Gabriel cheating on his wife Carla (Sarah - Jane Redmond), Shane realises that she will do the same to Carmen and jilts her, causing Carmen to leave.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Carmen on Ice",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen on Ice is a 1990 dance film with a choreography for figure skaters made in Germany. The music is based on the opera \"Carmen\" by Georges Bizet in an orchestral version arranged especially for this film. In contrast to figure skating movies of former times, \"Carmen on Ice\" is a film without spoken dialogue, which is an innovation in the history of figure skating.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "All by Myself",
"paragraph_text": "``All by Myself ''is a song by American artist Eric Carmen released in 1975. The verse is based on the second movement (Adagio sostenuto) of Sergei Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2 in C minor, Opus 18. The chorus is borrowed from the song`` Let's Pretend'', which Carmen wrote and recorded with the Raspberries in 1972.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sita Murt",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen \"Sita\" Murt (; 1946 – 1 December 2014) was a Catalan fashion designer and businesswoman. Her name Sita was a diminutive form of Carmencita, a diminutive of her true forename, Carmen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Cardinal (Catholic Church)",
"paragraph_text": "In accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that, in the case of cardinals, the form used for signatures should be used also when referring to them in English. Official sources such as the Archdiocese of Milwaukee and Catholic News Service say that the correct form for referring to a cardinal in English is normally as \"Cardinal [First name] [Surname]\". This is the rule given also in stylebooks not associated with the Catholic Church. This style is also generally followed on the websites of the Holy See and episcopal conferences. Oriental Patriarchs who are created Cardinals customarily use \"Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis\" as their full title, probably because they do not belong to the Roman clergy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Umbar",
"paragraph_text": "Umbar is a fictional place in J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. It was a great harbour and city on the west coast of Harad, the vast region south of Gondor in Middle-earth. 'Umbar' was a name—of unknown meaning—given to the area by its original inhabitants. The Númenóreans adopted the name, probably aware that 'Umbar' was the Quenya word for 'fate'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Roman (given name)",
"paragraph_text": "Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Brunswick, New York",
"paragraph_text": "Brunswick is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, in the United States. The municipality was originally settled in the early 18th century. During its history, it had been part of Albany County, Rensselaerswyck, and Troy, before its incorporation in 1807. It is bordered on the west by the city of Troy; on the north by Schaghticoke and Pittstown; on the east by Grafton; and on the south by Poestenkill and North Greenbush. The population was 11,941 at the 2010 census. The source of the town's name is not certain, though some claim it comes from the source of its first inhabitants from the province of Brunswick-Lüneburg in Germany.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Running of the bulls",
"paragraph_text": "The origin of this event comes from the need to transport the bulls from the fields outside the city, where they were bred, to the bullring, where they would be killed in the evening. During this' run ', youngsters would jump among them to show off their bravado. In Pamplona and other places, the six bulls in the event are still those that will feature in the afternoon bullfight of the same day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Akumal",
"paragraph_text": "Akumal is a small beach-front tourist resort community in Mexico, south of Cancún, between the towns of Playa del Carmen and Tulum. It is located on Akumal Bay and Half Moon Bay on the site of a former coconut plantation in Tulum Municipality in the state of Quintana Roo, and is part of the Riviera Maya area. The 2010 census showed a population of 1,310 inhabitants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Kalix",
"paragraph_text": "Kalix (Kalix dialect: \"Kôlis\", , ; ; ) is a locality and the seat of the Kalix Municipality in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The name Kalix is believed to originate from the Sami word \"Gáláseatnu\", or \"Kalasätno\", meaning \"The cold river\" the ancient name of the Kalix River. It had 7,299 inhabitants in 2005, out of 17,300 inhabitants in the municipality of Kalix.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Arrieta",
"paragraph_text": "This municipality has its origin in the elizate Líbano de Arrieta, which became a municipality in the 19th Century. The toponym Arrieta comes from the Basque word harrieta, which means ``stony place ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Carmen Cardinali Paoa",
"paragraph_text": "Chilean deputy Interior Minister Rodrigo Ubilla appointed Carmen Cardinali as Governor of Easter Island in early September 2010 to replace Edmunds. Cardinali's challenges included archeological preservation of the island's heritage and revamping the tourist industry. She served as a Governor until March 2014, being replaced by Marta Raquel Hotus Tuki, appointed by president Michelle Bachelet.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Where did the original inhabitants of the place of birth of Carmen Cardinali Paoa come from?
|
[
{
"id": 545289,
"question": "Carmen Cardinali Paoa >> place of birth",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 58009,
"question": "where did the original inhabitants of #1 come from",
"answer": "the Marquesas Islands from the west",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
the Marquesas Islands from the west
|
[
"Marquesas",
"Marquesas Islands"
] | true |
2hop__452125_7051
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Flowers and Trees",
"paragraph_text": "Flowers and Trees is a 1932 \"Silly Symphonies\" cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Burt Gillett, and released to theatres by United Artists on July 30, 1932. It was the first commercially released film to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process after several years of two-color Technicolor films. The film was a commercial and critical success, winning the first Academy Award for Best Cartoon Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "Before 1954, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; in 1954 and 1955, some of the output was dually produced in dual versions: one Academy-ratio negative composed for a flat widescreen (1.75:1) format and one shot in the CinemaScope process. From 1955 until the close of the MGM cartoon studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope, some even had their soundtracks recorded in Perspecta directional audio. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were shot as successive color exposure negatives in Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor but returned to the standard Academy ratio and format. The 2005 short The Karate Guard was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Na Young-seok",
"paragraph_text": "Na Young-seok majored in Public Administration at Yonsei University. In 2001, he joined KBS and began his career as an assistant director in the network's variety department, then was promoted to producer/director.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Hard Luck Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Hard Luck Duck is a \"What a Cartoon!\" animated cartoon directed by William Hanna, produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, and broadcast as a part of \"World Premiere Toons\" on Cartoon Network on April 16, 1995. The cartoon involves Hard Luck Duck (Russi Taylor), after venturing away from Crocodile Harley (Brad Garrett)'s watch, is a hungry fox (Jim Cummings)'s target to be cooked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "David H. DePatie",
"paragraph_text": "David Hudson DePatie (born December 24, 1929) is an American film and television producer. He was the last executive in charge of the original Warner Bros. Cartoons cartoon studio. He also formed DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and was an executive producer at Marvel Productions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Robin Lord Taylor",
"paragraph_text": "Robin Lord Taylor (born June 4, 1978) is an American film and television actor and director, known for Accepted (2006), Another Earth (2011) and Would You Rather (2012). He stars in the television drama series Gotham as Oswald Cobblepot.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "A Corny Concerto",
"paragraph_text": "A Corny Concerto is a 1943 American animated short film of the \"Merrie Melodies\" series starring Bugs Bunny, Porky Pig and Elmer Fudd. They perform a parody of Disney's Silly Symphony cartoon series and specifically his 1940 feature \"Fantasia\". The film uses two of Johann Strauss' best known waltzes, \"Tales from the Vienna Woods\" and \"The Blue Danube\", adapted by the cartoon unit's music director, Carl Stalling and orchestrated by its arranger, Milt Franklyn. It was produced by Leon Schlesinger Productions and distributed by Warner Bros. It was directed by Bob Clampett, written by Frank Tashlin, animated by Robert McKimson and released on September 18, 1943. In 1994 it was voted # 47 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation field.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Confidence (1933 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Confidence is a 1933 Pre-Code animated short subject, produced by Walter Lantz, directed by Bill Nolan, and featuring Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. In the film, Oswald was voiced by multiple voiceactors in this short. Oswald is a farmer whose farm falls prey to the ominous influence of the Great Depression (personified as a dark, shadowy figure). Determined to find a solution, Oswald flies to Washington, D.C. where he meets President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was released by Universal Pictures on July 31, 1933 and is available on \"The Woody Woodpecker and Friends Classic Cartoon Collection\" DVD box set.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Marc Abraham",
"paragraph_text": "Marc Abraham is an American film producer, director, and former president of Strike Entertainment, a production company he launched in early 2002 with a multi-year, first look arrangement with Universal Pictures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Henry Roy Brahana",
"paragraph_text": "H. Roy Brahana received his PhD from Princeton University in 1920 under the direction of Oswald Veblen. In the autumn of 1920, he joined the mathematics department of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and remained there until his retirement in 1963. Brahana was the editor for the publication by the University of Illinois Press of the collected works of George Abram Miller in 5 volumes, coming out in the years 1935, 1939, 1946, 1955, and 1959. The H. Roy Brahana Prize for undergraduates at U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was established in his honor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Being Osama",
"paragraph_text": "Being Osama is a documentary produced in 2004 by Tim Schwab and Mahmoud Kaabour. Director Kaabour is the founder and managing director of Veritas Films, now based in the United Arab Emirates. Co-director Schwab is an associate professor of film at Montreal's Concordia University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Jeff DeGrandis",
"paragraph_text": "Jeff DeGrandis is an American animation director and producer. Currently he's Executive Producer at Warner Bros Animation on \"Dorothy and the Wizard of Oz.\" Jeff has served as Supervising Producer on \"Dora the Explorer\", \"Go, Diego, Go!\", and \"Ni Hao Kai Lan\". He recently produced, directed, voice directed and created \"The Finster Finster Show!\" short for \"Random! Cartoons\" and voiced Chicken #1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Oswald Watt",
"paragraph_text": "In his will, Watt left two bequests to the Australian Aero Club, one of which was used to establish the Oswald Watt Gold Medal for outstanding achievement in Australian aviation. Winners of the award have included Charles Kingsford Smith, Bert Hinkler, Henry Millicer, Ivor McIntyre, Jon Johanson and Andy Thomas. He also bequeathed a sum to the Royal Military College, Duntroon, to award annually a set of binoculars for the best cadet essay on military aviation or aeronautics. The award was founded as the Oswald Watt Prize later in 1921. Most of the residue of Watt's estate went to the University of Sydney. Considered one of the university's great benefactors, he was commemorated by the Oswald Watt Fund. In May 1923, the Oswald Watt Wing of the Havilah Home for Orphans, Wahroonga, was opened by the Governor-General of Australia. Watt was acknowledged as both a source and a reviewer by F.M. Cutlack in the latter's volume on the Australian Flying Corps that was first published in 1923 as part of the \"Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918\". During World War I, Oswald Watt had been the only AFC officer to command a wing apart from Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, who was later to become known as the \"Father of the RAAF\". In 2001, military historian Alan Stephens noted that \"had fate drawn him to a post-war career in the Air Force instead of to business and an untimely death, 'Toby' Watt might have challenged Richard Williams as the RAAF's dominant figure in its formative years\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Oswald of Worcester",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald of Worcester (died 29 February 992) was Archbishop of York from 972 to his death in 992. He was of Danish ancestry, but brought up by his uncle, Oda, who sent him to France to the abbey of Fleury to become a monk. After a number of years at Fleury, Oswald returned to England at the request of his uncle, who died before Oswald returned. With his uncle's death, Oswald needed a patron and turned to another kinsman, Oskytel, who had recently become Archbishop of York. His activity for Oskytel attracted the notice of Archbishop Dunstan who had Oswald consecrated as Bishop of Worcester in 961. In 972, Oswald was promoted to the see of York, although he continued to hold Worcester also.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Tjambuk Api",
"paragraph_text": "The director of \"Tjambuk Api\", D. Djajakusuma, spent a year studying film at the University of Washington in Seattle and the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts in Los Angeles from 1956 to 1957; \"Tjambuk Api\" was his first film upon returning to Indonesia. The film was made by Perfini, under the leadership of Usmar Ismail; the latter served as producer. The story was written by Titik Soerjo.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "In 2005, a new Tom and Jerry theatrical short, titled The Karate Guard, which had been written and directed by Barbera and Spike Brandt, storyboarded by Joseph Barbera and Iwao Takamoto and produced by Joseph Barbera, Spike Brandt and Tony Cervone premiered in Los Angeles cinemas on September 27, 2005. As part of the celebration of Tom and Jerry's sixty-fifth anniversary, this marked Barbera's first return as a writer, director and storyboard artist on the series since his and Hanna's original MGM cartoon shorts, and last overall; he would die shortly after production ended. Director/animator, Spike Brandt was nominated for an Annie award for best character animation. The short debuted on Cartoon Network on January 27, 2006.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The director of Confidence stopped producing Oswald cartoons for Universal in what year?
|
[
{
"id": 452125,
"question": "Confidence >> director",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 7051,
"question": "In what year did #1 cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?",
"answer": "1943",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
1943
|
[] | true |
2hop__76696_53794
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Samsung Telecommunications",
"paragraph_text": "In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built - in car phone, the SC - 100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then - head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or ``hand phone ''in Korea), the SH - 100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In 1965, Bulgarian company ``Radioelektronika ''presented on the Inforga - 65 international exhibition in Moscow the mobile automatic phone combined with a base station. Solutions of this phone were based on a system developed by Leonid Kupriyanovich. One base station, connected to one telephone wire line, could serve up to 15 customers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "USB",
"paragraph_text": "The cellular phone carrier group Open Mobile Terminal Platform (OMTP) in 2007 endorsed micro-USB as the standard connector for data and power on mobile devices In addition, on 22 October 2009 the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has also announced that it had embraced micro-USB as the Universal Charging Solution its \"energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution,\" and added: \"Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Motorola StarTAC",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola StarTAC is a clamshell mobile phone manufactured by Motorola. It was released on January 3, 1996, being the first ever clamshell / flip mobile phone. The StarTAC is the successor of the MicroTAC, a semi-clamshell design that had been launched in 1989. Whereas the MicroTAC's shell folded down from below the keypad, the StarTAC folded up from above the display. In 2005, PC World put StarTAC at # 6 in The 50 Greatest Gadgets of the Past 50 Years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "In the 1990s, the 'second generation' mobile phone systems emerged. Two systems competed for supremacy in the global market: the European developed GSM standard and the U.S. developed CDMA standard. These differed from the previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission, and also fast out - of - band phone - to - network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Golan Telecom",
"paragraph_text": "Golan Telecom () is a mobile network operator in Israel. In July 2011 the company won a tender to operate a 3G wireless network in Israel beginning in 2012, The company was one of the first low-cost mobile phone companies that led to increased competition in the cellular communications market in Israel, due to the price policy adopted by the company at the beginning of its activity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "Prior to 1973, mobile telephony was limited to phones installed in cars and other vehicles. Motorola was the first company to produce a handheld mobile phone. On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr. Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms (2.4 lb) and measured 23 by 13 by 4.5 centimetres (9.1 by 5.1 by 1.8 in). The prototype offered a talk time of just 30 minutes and took 10 hours to re-charge.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Congstar",
"paragraph_text": "Congstar GmbH is a mobile network operator headquartered in Cologne, Germany. The company is a subsidiary of Telekom Deutschland, and specializes in discount mobile phone service marketed to younger people. In August 2014, Congstar's services had approximately 3.4 million users.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Smartphone",
"paragraph_text": "The Ericsson R380 (2000) by Ericsson Mobile Communications. The first device marketed as a ``smartphone '', it was the first Symbian - based phone, with PDA functionality and limited Web browsing on a resistive touchscreen utilizing a stylus. Users could not install their own software on the device, however. The Kyocera 6035 (early 2001), a dual - nature device with a separate Palm OS PDA operating system and CDMA mobile phone firmware. It supported limited Web browsing with the PDA software treating the phone hardware as an attached modem. Handspring's Treo 180 (2002), the first smartphone that fully integrated the Palm OS on a GSM mobile phone having telephony, SMS messaging and Internet access built in to the OS. The 180 model had a thumb - type keyboard and the 180g version had a Graffiti handwriting recognition area, instead.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Orcs & Elves",
"paragraph_text": "Orcs & Elves is a adventure role-playing video game for the mobile phone and Nintendo DS. It was developed by id Software and Fountainhead Entertainment and published by EA Mobile and licensed by Nintendo for the DS version. It was released for mobile phone on May 1, 2006 before being ported to the Nintendo DS on November 15, 2007. The game is based on \"Doom RPG\"s engine and is id's first original intellectual property since \"Quake\". The later DS port of the game included graphical enhancements, such as 3D environments and camera cutscenes, along with improved character sprites, two new levels and the use of the touchscreen feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "History of Nokia",
"paragraph_text": "In 1979, the merger of Nokia and Salora resulted in the establishment of ``Mobira Oy ''. Mobira developed mobile phones for the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) network, called the`` 1G'' and was the first fully automatic cellular phone system. It became commercially available in 1981. In 1982, Mobira introduced its first car phone, the ``Mobira Senator ''for NMT -- 450 networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Internet Explorer Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Internet Explorer Mobile (formerly named Pocket Internet Explorer; later called IE Mobile) is a discontinued mobile browser developed by Microsoft, based on versions of the Trident layout engine. IE Mobile comes loaded by default with Windows Phone and Windows CE. Later versions of Internet Explorer Mobile (since Windows Phone 8) are based on the desktop version of Internet Explorer. Older versions however, called Pocket Internet Explorer (found on Windows Phone 7 and Windows Mobile), are not based on the same layout engine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Camera phone",
"paragraph_text": "A camera phone is a mobile phone which is able to capture photographs and often record video using one or more built - in digital cameras. The first camera phone was sold in 2000 in Japan, a Sharp J - SH04 J - Phone model, although some argue that the SCH - V200 and Kyocera VP - 210 Visual Phone, both introduced months earlier in South Korea and Japan respectively, are the first camera phones.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Google Maps",
"paragraph_text": "Google Traffic works by analyzing the GPS - determined locations transmitted to Google by a large number of mobile phone users. By calculating the speed of users along a length of road, Google is able to generate a live traffic map. Google processes the incoming raw data about mobile phone device locations, and then excludes anomalies such as a postal vehicle that makes frequent stops. When a threshold of users in a particular area is noted, the overlay along roads and highways on the Google map changes color.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Motorola MPx200",
"paragraph_text": "The Motorola MPx200 Smartphone was launched in December 2003 as a joint venture between Motorola and Microsoft. The mobile phone's Windows Mobile for Smartphone OS allows users to access email and the Internet, use MSN Messenger, and view documents in Microsoft Office formats (with third-party software) much like other Windows smartphones such as the Samsung SGH-i600 or HTC Tanager. The MPx200, along with the Samsung SGH-i600, were the first Windows Mobile smartphone devices to have wide distribution in the United States. Previously, smartphone platform devices could only be purchased in the United States as part of development kits sold by Microsoft. The only U.S. carrier of the phone was AT&T Wireless; however, reports also suggest a somewhat limited number of devices with Cingular branding have appeared following the purchase of AT&T Wireless by Cingular.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sony Mobile",
"paragraph_text": "Ericsson had decided to obtain chips for its phones from a single source—a Philips facility in New Mexico. On March 17, 2000, a fire at the Philips factory contaminated the sterile facility. Philips assured Ericsson and Nokia (their other major customer) that production would be delayed for no more than a week. When it became clear that production would actually be compromised for months, Ericsson was faced with a serious shortage. Nokia had already begun to obtain parts from alternative sources, but Ericsson's position was much worse as production of current models and the launch of new ones was held up.Ericsson, which had been in the mobile phone market for decades, and was the world's third largest cellular telephone handset maker at the time behind Nokia and Motorola, was struggling with huge losses and decreasing market share. This was partly due to this fire as well as its inability to produce cheaper phones or fashionably-designed phones like Nokia managed to do. Speculation began about a possible sale by Ericsson of its mobile phone division, but the company's president, Kurt Hellström, said it had no plans to do so. Hellström said, \"Mobile phones are really a core business for Ericsson. We wouldn't be as successful (in networks) if we didn't have phones\".Sony was a marginal player in the worldwide mobile phone market with a share of less than 1 percent in 2000. By August 2001, the two companies had finalised the terms of the merger announced in April. Ericsson contributed a majority of the Ericsson Mobile Communications company, excluding a minor part spun off as Ericsson Mobile Platforms. Sony contributed its entire handset division. The company was to have an initial workforce of 3,500 employees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Nokia 7500",
"paragraph_text": "The Nokia 7500 is a mobile phone produced by Nokia. It is part of Nokia's Prism Collection. It is a triband phone that runs S40 5th Edition. The screen has a resolution of 320x240 pixels showing 16 million colors. Included is a 2-megapixel camera with flash, a 512 MB microSD card, and a 700mAh battery. It launches during 3Q 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Central African Republic",
"paragraph_text": "Presently, the Central African Republic has active television services, radio stations, internet service providers, and mobile phone carriers; Socatel is the leading provider for both internet and mobile phone access throughout the country. The primary governmental regulating bodies of telecommunications are the Ministère des Postes and Télécommunications et des Nouvelles Technologies. In addition, the Central African Republic receives international support on telecommunication related operations from ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D) within the International Telecommunication Union to improve infrastructure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "History of mobile phones",
"paragraph_text": "The first analogue cellular system widely deployed in North America was the Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS). It was commercially introduced in the Americas in 13 October 1983, Israel in 1986, and Australia in 1987. AMPS was a pioneering technology that helped drive mass market usage of cellular technology, but it had several serious issues by modern standards. It was unencrypted and easily vulnerable to eavesdropping via a scanner; it was susceptible to cell phone ``cloning ''and it used a Frequency - division multiple access (FDMA) scheme and required significant amounts of wireless spectrum to support.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Motorola Bag Phone",
"paragraph_text": "Motorola introduced the Bag Phone line in 1990. These phones offered more durability and higher power output (up to 3 watts) than more conventional cell phones of the time, such as Motorola's own DynaTAC and MicroTAC handheld phones, making them popular for truckers, boaters, and people in rural areas. Because of their durability, many examples of these phones are still in working order today.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What date did the mobile phone inventor release the flip phone?
|
[
{
"id": 76696,
"question": "who invented mobile phone for the first time",
"answer": "Motorola",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 53794,
"question": "when did the first #1 flip phone come out",
"answer": "January 3, 1996",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
January 3, 1996
|
[] | true |
2hop__87287_83906
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Jungle Book (1967 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Phil Harris as Baloo, a sloth bear who leads a carefree life and believes in letting the good things in life come by themselves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Let's Get Loud",
"paragraph_text": "``Let's Get Loud ''Single by Jennifer Lopez from the album On the 6 B - side`` Feelin 'So Good'' Released June 9, 2000 Format CD single maxi single 12 ''vinyl Recorded 1999 Genre Latin dance Salsa Length 3: 58 Label Columbia Work Songwriter (s) Gloria Estefan Kike Santander Producer (s) Emilio Estefan, Jr. Kike Santander Jennifer Lopez singles chronology ``Feelin' So Good'' (2000)`` Let's Get Loud ''(2000) ``Love Do n't Cost a Thing'' (2000)`` Feelin 'So Good ''(2000) ``Let's Get Loud'' (2000)`` Love Do n't Cost a Thing ''(2000)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Fitzgerald -- on Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959), on the 1983 Pablo release Nice Work If You Can Get It, and in a 1957 duet with Louis Armstrong on Ella and Louis Again.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wonder Woman (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Wonder Woman is a 2017 American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is the fourth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU). The film is directed by Patty Jenkins, with a screenplay by Allan Heinberg, from a story by Heinberg, Zack Snyder, and Jason Fuchs, and stars Gal Gadot as Diana Prince / Wonder Woman, alongside Chris Pine, Robin Wright, Danny Huston, David Thewlis, Saïd Taghmaoui, Connie Nielsen, and Elena Anaya. Wonder Woman is the second live action theatrical film featuring the titular character, following her debut in 2016's Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. In Wonder Woman, the story of Diana is told, who is the daughter of Hippolyta and grows up on the Amazon island of Themyscira. After American pilot and spy Steve Trevor crashes offshore of the island and is rescued by her, he tells the Amazons about the ongoing World War. Diana, thinking the war is caused by an old enemy of the Amazons, then leaves her home in order to end the conflict.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "James Phelps (musician)",
"paragraph_text": "Phelps moved to Chicago in his teens and sang in several gospel groups, such as the Gospel Songbirds, the Holy Wonders (beside Lou Rawls) and the Soul Stirrers (with Sam Cooke). He founded the Clefs of Cavalry in the 1950s before starting a solo career in the 1960s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wonders of a Godless World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Wonders of a Godless World\" was first published in Australia in October 2009 by Allen & Unwin in trade paperback format. It was released in the United Kingdom in May 2010 by Blue Door. \"Wonders of a Godless World\" won the 2009 Aurealis Award for best science fiction novel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World",
"paragraph_text": "The Seven Wonders of the World or the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is a list of remarkable constructions of classical antiquity given by various authors in guidebooks or poems popular among ancient Hellenic tourists. Although the list, in its current form, did not stabilise until the Renaissance, the first such lists of seven wonders date from the 1st - 2nd century BC. The original list inspired innumerable versions through the ages, often listing seven entries. Of the original Seven Wonders, only one -- the Great Pyramid of Giza (also called the Pyramid of Khufu, after the pharaoh who built it), the oldest of the ancient wonders -- remains relatively intact. The Colossus of Rhodes, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Temple of Artemis and the Statue of Zeus were all destroyed. The location and ultimate fate of the Hanging Gardens are unknown, and there is speculation that they may not have existed at all.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "What a Wonderful World",
"paragraph_text": "``What a Wonderful World ''is a pop ballad written by Bob Thiele (as`` George Douglas'') and George David Weiss. It was first recorded by Louis Armstrong and released in 1967 as a single, which topped the pop charts in the United Kingdom. Thiele and Weiss were both prominent in the music world (Thiele as a producer and Weiss as a composer / performer). Armstrong's recording was inducted in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. The publishing for this song is controlled by Memory Lane Music Group, Carlin Music Corp. and BMG Rights Management.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ellis Larkins",
"paragraph_text": "Ellis Larkins (May 15, 1923 – September 30, 2002) was an American jazz pianist born in Baltimore, Maryland, perhaps best known for his two recordings with Ella Fitzgerald: the albums \"Ella Sings Gershwin\" (1950) and \"Songs in a Mellow Mood\" (1954). He was also the leader in the first solo sides by singer Chris Connor on her album \"Chris\" (1954).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Grammy Award records",
"paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Awards Alison Krauss 27 Beyoncé 22 Aretha Franklin 18 Adele 15 Alicia Keys 6 Ella Fitzgerald 13 Leontyne Price Emmylou Harris 9 CeCe Winans 12 10 Shirley Caesar 11 11 Chaka Khan 10 Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Taylor Swift 15 Mary J. Blige 9 Natalie Cole Sheryl Crow Norah Jones Hillary Scott Rihanna",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "George Fierstone",
"paragraph_text": "Fierstone played with a traveling revue in 1931, then played in London with such bandleaders as Bert Ambrose, Harry Roy, Sid Millward (1938), Frank Weir (1944), and Harry Hayes (1944–46). During this time he also did copious work as a studio musician and played in the Heralds of Swing in 1939. He worked in an RAF dance band during World War II, and after the war's end this ensemble performed and recorded as The Skyrockets from 1946 to 1953, accompanying Ella Fitzgerald and Frank Sinatra among others. He continued to work freelance into the 1980s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Queen Esther Marrow",
"paragraph_text": "Queen Esther Marrow was born in Newport News, Virginia. She began her career at the age of 22, when her talent and vocal gifts were discovered by Duke Ellington and made her debut as a featured artist in his \"Sacred Concert\" world tour. Marrow and Ellington formed a long-life friendship during the next four years while touring together. Queen has since performed with such musical greats as Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, B.B. King, Ray Charles, Thelonious Monk, Chick Corea and Bob Dylan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Love and Pain and the Whole Damn Thing",
"paragraph_text": "Love and Pain and the Whole Damn Thing is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Alan J. Pakula. It is often categorized as a drama, but contains many comic elements. Maggie Smith and Timothy Bottoms star.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Fairest (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Fairest is a 2006 novel by Gail Carson Levine. It uses some plot elements of the classic \"Snow White\" and is set in the same world as \"Ella Enchanted\". The kingdom of Ayortha, the setting of the story, is the neighboring kingdom of Kyrria, where \"Ella Enchanted\" was set and the story makes several allusions to the previous work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sandy Williams",
"paragraph_text": "Alexander Balos \"Sandy\" Williams (October 24, 1906 – March 25, 1991) was an American jazz trombonist, perhaps best known for playing with the premier big bands of his day, especially the Chick Webb orchestra. Williams also recorded extensively with Ella Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Adventures in Jazz",
"paragraph_text": "Adventures in Jazz is a 1949 CBS television show. The program was broadcast live, showcasing jazz musicians and singers. Ella Fitzgerald, Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Charlie Parker, Count Basie and June Christy made appearances on the short-lived series, with a total of 23 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Thing (The Addams Family)",
"paragraph_text": "Thing T. Thing, often referred to as just Thing, is a fictional character in The Addams Family series. Thing was originally conceived as a whole creature (always seen in the background watching the family) that was too horrible to see in person. The only part of it that was tolerable was its human hand (this can be seen in the 1964 television series). The Addamses called it ``Thing ''because it was something that could not be identified. Thing was changed to a disembodied hand for the 1991 and 1993 Addams Family movies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ella Sings Broadway",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Sings Broadway is a 1963 (see 1963 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra arranged and conducted by the American bandleader Marty Paich. Ella had previously recorded with Paich and his more familiar Dek-tette on the 1957 album \"Ella Swings Lightly\", and was to record with him again on her 1967 album \"Whisper Not\". Shortly before the sessions for \" Ella Sings Broadway \", Ella had recorded two singles with Marty Paich, the Antonio Carlos Jobim song 'Desafinado' and a Bossa Nova version of the jazz standard 'Stardust'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Madonna (entertainer)",
"paragraph_text": "Possessing a mezzo-soprano vocal range, Madonna has always been self-conscious about her voice, especially in comparison to her vocal idols such as Ella Fitzgerald, Prince, and Chaka Khan. Mark Bego, author of Madonna: Blonde Ambition, called her \"the perfect vocalist for lighter-than-air songs\", despite not being a \"heavyweight talent.\" According to MSNBC critic Tony Sclafani, \"Madonna's vocals are the key to her rock roots. Pop vocalists usually sing songs \"straight,\" but Madonna employs subtext, irony, aggression and all sorts of vocal idiosyncrasies in the ways John Lennon and Bob Dylan did.\" Madonna used a bright, girlish vocal timbre in her early albums which became passé in her later works. The change was deliberate since she was constantly reminded of how the critics had once labelled her as \"Minnie Mouse on helium\". During the filming of Evita, Madonna had to take vocal lessons, which increased her range further. Of this experience she commented, \"I studied with a vocal coach for Evita and I realized there was a whole piece of my voice I wasn't using. Before, I just believed I had a really limited range and was going to make the most of it.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Clyde McCoy",
"paragraph_text": "Clyde Lee McCoy (December 29, 1903 – June 11, 1990), was an American jazz trumpeter whose popularity spanned seven decades. He is best remembered for his theme song, \"Sugar Blues\", written by Clarence Williams and Lucy Fletcher, and also as a co-founder of \"Down Beat\" magazine in 1935. The song hit in 1931 and 1935, in Columbia and Decca versions, and returned to \"Billboard\" magazine's Country (Hillbilly) chart in 1941. It was also played with vocals, by Bob Wills and his Texas Playboys, Fats Waller and Ella Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did the singer of and i think to myself what a wonderful world perform let's call the whole thing off with ella fitzgerald?
|
[
{
"id": 87287,
"question": "who sang and i think to myself what a wonderful world",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
},
{
"id": 83906,
"question": "#1 ella fitzgerald let's call the whole thing off",
"answer": "1957",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
1957
|
[] | true |
2hop__502448_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mohamed Nagy Museum",
"paragraph_text": "Mohamed Nagy Museum is a photography and biographical art history museum located at 9 Mahmoud El Gendi Street, close to the Giza Plateau, in the Haram district of Giza, in the southwest of the Greater Cairo metropolis, Egypt. It was initially Mohamed Nagy's studio which he founded in 1952. Nagy was a pioneer of modern Egyptian photographic art and is considered in modern Egypt to be one the country's most renowned painters. After his death it was formally inaugurated as a museum on 13 July 1968 by Tharwat Okasha, the Egyptian Minister of Culture. In 1991 the museum was refurbished.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen",
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Strehlow Research Centre",
"paragraph_text": "The Strehlow Research Centre is a museum and cultural centre located in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia. The Research Centre is responsible for the care of the Strehlow Collection of Indigenous central Australian ethnographic objects and archival materials. It is managed by the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of \"free association\" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated \"Compact Impact\" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert",
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Joods Historisch Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Joods Historisch Museum (; ), part of the Jewish Cultural Quarter, is a museum in Amsterdam dedicated to Jewish history, culture and religion, in the Netherlands and worldwide. It is the only museum in the Netherlands dedicated to Jewish history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Yamnaya culture",
"paragraph_text": "The Yamnaya culture is identified with the late Proto-Indo-Europeans (PIE) in the Kurgan hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas. It is the strongest candidate for the Urheimat (original homeland) of the Proto-Indo-European language, along with the preceding Sredny Stog culture, now that archaeological evidence of the culture and its migrations has been closely tied to the evidence from linguistics and genetics. Significantly, there were animal grave offerings a feature associated with Proto-Indo-Europeans. The culture was predominantly nomadic, with some agriculture practiced near rivers and a few hillforts. Characteristic for the culture are the burials in pit graves under kurgans (tumuli). The dead bodies were placed in a supine position with bent knees and covered in ochre. Multiple graves have been found in these kurgans, often as later insertions. The earliest remains in Ukraine of a wheeled cart were found in the \"Storozhova mohyla\" kurgan associated with the Yamnaya culture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Joseph Raphael",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Raphael (1869–1950) was an American Impressionist painter who spent most of his career as an expatriate but maintained close ties with the artistic community of San Francisco, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Poike",
"paragraph_text": "Poike is one of three main extinct volcanoes that form Rapa Nui (Easter Island) (a Chilean island in the Pacific Ocean). At 370 metres, it is the island's second highest point after Terevaka.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Gmina Lubawa",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "James Millner (doctor)",
"paragraph_text": "James Stokes Millner MD (1830 – 25 February 1875) was a medical practitioner and administrator in the early history of the Northern Territory of Australia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Van Deinse Instituut",
"paragraph_text": "The Van Deinse Instituut, located in the city of Enschede, is aimed at finding out more about the cultural past and present of Twente, a non-administrative region in the east of the Netherlands. The institution does this by means of studying, documenting and preserving archaeological findings, history, folklore, language, art and certain aspects of nature, environment and landscapes and presents its findings through exhibitions. The Van Deinse Instituut was named after J.J. van Deinse, author of the Twents anthem.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The history and culture of the location of Poike is most closely tied to who?
|
[
{
"id": 502448,
"question": "Poike >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__545289_52410
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the blending of the Indus Valley Civilization and Indo-Aryan culture into the Vedic Civilization; the development of Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions; the rise of the Śramaṇa movement; the decline of Śrauta sacrifices and the birth of the initiatory traditions of Jainism, Buddhism, Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Shaktism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than two millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dynasties during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders resulting in the establishment of the British rule; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chalkdust",
"paragraph_text": "Chalkdust, who holds a Ph.D. in history and ethnomusicology from the University of Michigan, is an Assistant Professor of History at the University of the Virgin Islands, and frequently lectures and offers workshops on the history and culture of calypso music. He is the author of the books \"Rituals of Power and Rebellion: The Carnival Tradition in Trinidad and Tobago, 1763-1962\" (published in 2001) and \"From the Horse’s Mouth\", a socio-cultural history of calypso from 1900 to 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Pub",
"paragraph_text": "The history of pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the modern tied house system in the 19th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Alex P. Keaton",
"paragraph_text": "Alex P. Keaton is a fictional character on the United States television sitcom Family Ties, which aired on NBC for seven seasons, from 1982 to 1989. Family Ties reflected the move in the United States away from the cultural liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s to the conservatism of the 1980s. This was particularly expressed through the relationship between Young Republican Alex (Michael J. Fox) and his hippie parents, Steven (Michael Gross) and Elyse Keaton (Meredith Baxter). President of the United States Ronald Reagan once stated that Family Ties was his favorite television show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sita Murt",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen \"Sita\" Murt (; 1946 – 1 December 2014) was a Catalan fashion designer and businesswoman. Her name Sita was a diminutive form of Carmencita, a diminutive of her true forename, Carmen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Estonia",
"paragraph_text": "The Estonian Cultural Autonomy law that was passed in 1925 was unique in Europe at that time. Cultural autonomies could be granted to minorities numbering more than 3,000 people with longstanding ties to the Republic of Estonia. Before the Soviet occupation, the Germans and Jewish minorities managed to elect a cultural council. The Law on Cultural Autonomy for National Minorities was reinstated in 1993. Historically, large parts of Estonia's northwestern coast and islands have been populated by indigenous ethnically Rannarootslased (Coastal Swedes).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Fontanelle",
"paragraph_text": "During birth, fontanelles enable the bony plates of the skull to flex, allowing the child's head to pass through the birth canal. The ossification of the bones of the skull causes the anterior fontanelle to close over by 9 to 18 months. The sphenoidal and posterior fontanelles close during the first few months of life. The closures eventually form the sutures of the neurocranium. Other than the anterior and posterior fontanelles, the mastoid fontanelle and the sphenoidal fontanelle are also significant.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas",
"paragraph_text": "Ecuador was the site of many indigenous cultures, and civilizations of different proportions. An early sedentary culture, known as the Valdivia culture, developed in the coastal region, while the Caras and the Quitus unified to form an elaborate civilization that ended at the birth of the Capital Quito. The Cañaris near Cuenca were the most advanced, and most feared by the Inca, due to their fierce resistance to the Incan expansion. Their architecture remains were later destroyed by Spaniards and the Incas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Yvan Goll",
"paragraph_text": "Yvan Goll (born Isaac Lang; 29 March 1891 – 27 February 1950) was a French-German poet who was bilingual and wrote in both French and German. He had close ties to both German expressionism and to French surrealism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Delaware and Hudson Canal Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Delaware and Hudson Canal Museum is a museum in High Falls, New York, United States specializing in the history and culture of the Delaware and Hudson Canal. It is located in a Gothic Revival chapel built in 1885 which was purchased by the Delaware & Hudson Canal Historical Society in 1975. The building is a contributing property to the High Falls Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Greeks",
"paragraph_text": "Greek culture has evolved over thousands of years, with its beginning in the Mycenaean civilization, continuing through the Classical period, the Roman and Eastern Roman periods and was profoundly affected by Christianity, which it in turn influenced and shaped. Ottoman Greeks had to endure through several centuries of adversity that culminated in genocide in the 20th century but nevertheless included cultural exchanges and enriched both cultures. The Diafotismos is credited with revitalizing Greek culture and giving birth to the synthesis of ancient and medieval elements that characterize it today.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Lucky Whitehead",
"paragraph_text": "Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Joods Historisch Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Joods Historisch Museum (; ), part of the Jewish Cultural Quarter, is a museum in Amsterdam dedicated to Jewish history, culture and religion, in the Netherlands and worldwide. It is the only museum in the Netherlands dedicated to Jewish history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Ahmed Mater",
"paragraph_text": "Ahmed Mater (born 1979, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia) is a Saudi artist and physician. His mediums are photography, calligraphy, painting, installation, performance and video. His work, which explores history, the narratives and aesthetics of Islamic culture, and addresses consumerism and transformation taking place in the region and its effects on geopolitics, has attracted an international audience. In 2003, he cofounded \"Edge of Arabia\", an independent arts initiative dedicated to promoting the appreciation of contemporary Arab art and culture, with a focus on Saudi Arabia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Shane McCutcheon",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen introduces Shane to her family, but pretends that they are friends. The family grows fond of Shane and attempts to set her up on a date. This prompts Carmen to come out, but her family reject her and cease contact. Shane is hired at Wax, a skateboarding shop with a hair salon. Cherie visits Shane and tells her that she divorced Steve and is still interested in her. Carmen performs a DJ set at Wax and Def Jam watch her performance. Shane notices Carmen flirting with their employees and reacts by sleeping with Cherie. Carmen confronts Shane, who tells her that she finds monogamy hard to live with. Shane stops showing an interest in sex, Carmen then accuses her of punishing her. She then tells Shane that she has cheated on her in revenge. Shane grieves for her friend Dana Fairbanks (Erin Daniels) and asks Carmen to marry her, who later accepts. Shane finds her father, Gabriel McCutcheon (Eric Roberts) and discovers that she has a half - brother, Shay. Helena Peabody (Rachel Shelley) finances the wedding and they travel to Whistler, British Columbia, where same - sex marriage is legal. When she notices Gabriel cheating on his wife Carla (Sarah - Jane Redmond), Shane realises that she will do the same to Carmen and jilts her, causing Carmen to leave.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Joseph Raphael",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Raphael (1869–1950) was an American Impressionist painter who spent most of his career as an expatriate but maintained close ties with the artistic community of San Francisco, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Carmen on Ice",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen on Ice is a 1990 dance film with a choreography for figure skaters made in Germany. The music is based on the opera \"Carmen\" by Georges Bizet in an orchestral version arranged especially for this film. In contrast to figure skating movies of former times, \"Carmen on Ice\" is a film without spoken dialogue, which is an innovation in the history of figure skating.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_text": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 AD and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000 -- 3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Carmen Cardinali Paoa",
"paragraph_text": "Chilean deputy Interior Minister Rodrigo Ubilla appointed Carmen Cardinali as Governor of Easter Island in early September 2010 to replace Edmunds. Cardinali's challenges included archeological preservation of the island's heritage and revamping the tourist industry. She served as a Governor until March 2014, being replaced by Marta Raquel Hotus Tuki, appointed by president Michelle Bachelet.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Carmen de Areco",
"paragraph_text": "Carmen de Areco is a town in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. It is the administrative centre for Carmen de Areco Partido.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
the history and culture of the birth place of Carmen Cardinali Paoa is most closely tied to which people?
|
[
{
"id": 545289,
"question": "Carmen Cardinali Paoa >> place of birth",
"answer": "Easter Island",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 52410,
"question": "the history and culture of #1 is most closely tied to",
"answer": "Polynesian people",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Polynesian people
|
[] | true |
2hop__445122_91782
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Emotion Engine",
"paragraph_text": "The Emotion Engine is a central processing unit developed and manufactured by Sony Computer Entertainment and Toshiba for use in the PlayStation 2 video game console. It was also used in early PlayStation 3 models sold in Japan and North America (Model Numbers CECHAxx & CECHBxx) to provide PlayStation 2 game support. Mass production of the Emotion Engine began in 1999 and ended in late 2012 with the discontinuation of the PlayStation 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Luv Is Rage 2",
"paragraph_text": "Luv Is Rage 2 is the debut studio album by American rapper Lil Uzi Vert. It was released on August 25, 2017, by Generation Now and Atlantic Records. The album serves as a sequel to Uzi Vert's commercial debut mixtape Luv Is Rage (2015). It features guest appearances from The Weeknd, Oh Wonder and Pharrell Williams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)",
"paragraph_text": "\"I Just Wanna Love U (Give It 2 Me)\" is a song by American rapper Jay-Z, released as the first single from his 2000 album \"\". It is produced by The Neptunes and features a chorus sung by Neptunes member Pharrell Williams, as well as Shay Haley and Omillio Sparks who all remain uncredited. The video for the song features cameos from rappers Lil' Kim, Lil' Cease, Damon Dash, Beanie Sigel, Memphis Bleek, Jermaine Dupri and actor John Witherspoon. A music video directed by David Meyers was made for \"I Just Wanna Love U.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Got 2 Luv U",
"paragraph_text": "\"Got 2 Luv U\" is the first single from Jamaican recording artist Sean Paul's fifth studio album \"Tomahawk Technique\". The song features vocals from American singer Alexis Jordan. It was released on 19 July 2011 by Atlantic Records. The song was featured in 2012 film \"Magic Mike\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Nintendo Entertainment System",
"paragraph_text": "Video output connections varied from one model of the console to the next. The original HVC-001 model of the Family Computer featured only radio frequency (RF) modulator output. When the console was released in North America and Europe, support for composite video through RCA connectors was added in addition to the RF modulator. The HVC-101 model of the Famicom dropped the RF modulator entirely and adopted composite video output via a proprietary 12-pin \"multi-out\" connector first introduced for the Super Famicom/Super Nintendo Entertainment System. Conversely, the North American re-released NES-101 model most closely resembled the original HVC-001 model Famicom, in that it featured RF modulator output only. Finally, the PlayChoice-10 utilized an inverted RGB video output.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Higher Things",
"paragraph_text": "Higher Things is the debut studio album of American singer-songwriter Kim English. The album includes the major Hot Dance Club Play chart hit singles, \"Nite Life\", \"Learn 2 Luv\", \"Supernatural\", \"Unspeakable Joy\", \"Tomorrow\" and \"Missing You\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "It Wasn't Me",
"paragraph_text": "``It Was n't Me ''Single by Shaggy from the album Hot Shot B - side`` Dance & Shout'' Released September 11, 2000 Format 7 ''12'' cassette CD Recorded 1999 Genre Rap pop Length 3: 47 Label Big Yard DreamWorks Songwriter (s) Shaggy Producer (s) Shaun Pizzonia Raul ``RAZ ''Zeballos Shaggy singles chronology`` Luv Me, Luv Me'' (1998) ``It Was n't Me ''(2000)`` Angel'' (2001) ``Luv Me, Luv Me ''(1998)`` It Was n't Me'' (2000) ``Angel ''(2001)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Data compression",
"paragraph_text": "Because interframe compression copies data from one frame to another, if the original frame is simply cut out (or lost in transmission), the following frames cannot be reconstructed properly. Some video formats, such as DV, compress each frame independently using intraframe compression. Making 'cuts' in intraframe-compressed video is almost as easy as editing uncompressed video: one finds the beginning and ending of each frame, and simply copies bit-for-bit each frame that one wants to keep, and discards the frames one doesn't want. Another difference between intraframe and interframe compression is that, with intraframe systems, each frame uses a similar amount of data. In most interframe systems, certain frames (such as \"I frames\" in MPEG-2) aren't allowed to copy data from other frames, so they require much more data than other frames nearby.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Got My Mind Set on You",
"paragraph_text": "``Got My Mind Set on You ''is a song written and composed by Rudy Clark and originally recorded by James Ray in 1962, under the title`` I've Got My Mind Set on You''. An edited version of the song was released later in the year as a single on the Dynamic Sound label. In 1987, George Harrison released a cover version of the song as a single, and released it on his album Cloud Nine, which he had recorded on his own Dark Horse Records label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "She Doesn't Mind",
"paragraph_text": "The music video had a special guest: Lisa Jackson from cycle 9 of America's Next Top Model who acted as a TSA officer.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "It Wasn't Me",
"paragraph_text": "``It Was n't Me ''Single by Shaggy from the album Hot Shot Released September 11, 2000 Format 7'' 12 ''cassette CD Genre Rap pop Length 3: 47 Label Big Yard DreamWorks Songwriter (s) Shaggy Producer (s) Shaun Pizzonia Shaggy singles chronology`` Luv Me, Luv Me'' (1998) ``It Was n't Me ''(2000)`` Angel'' (2001) ``Luv Me, Luv Me ''(1998)`` It Was n't Me'' (2000) ``Angel ''(2001)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "DFC LUV Graz",
"paragraph_text": "DFC LUV Graz was an Austrian women's football club from Graz playing in the ÖFB-Frauenliga. Founded in 1978 as a section of LUV Graz, it became an independent team twenty years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "U to U",
"paragraph_text": "U to U, sometimes labeled as U-2-U, is a weekly Nickelodeon television series that aired from 1994 to 1996. The show focused on displaying viewer-submitted work and ideas in their \"Straight From U\" segment where viewers were able to submit their work via mail, e-mail, fax, or telephone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Got You on My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "Got You on My Mind is a jazz album by William Galison and Madeleine Peyroux, recorded in 1999, and later compiled into an album by Galison alone in 2003. Seven of its eleven tracks are by the two collaborators, the remainder are by Galison alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Bee Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Bee Movie opened on November 2, 2007. Upon release, the film was met with mixed reviews, with primary criticism directed at the film's premise. While domestic box office performance failed to recoup its $150 million budget, it ultimately saw worldwide box office performance of $287.6 million and Domestic Video Sales of $92.7 million.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mega Man Zero 2",
"paragraph_text": "Mega Man Zero 2 is a video game developed by Inti Creates and published by Capcom for the Game Boy Advance (GBA) handheld game console. It is the second video game in the \"Mega Man Zero\" subseries of \"Mega Man\" video games. The European version also released the same day as the North American \"Mega Man X7\" was. It was released in Japan on the Wii U's Virtual Console on January 7, 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Electric potential energy",
"paragraph_text": "Electric potential energy Common symbols U SI unit joule (J) Derivations from other quantities U = C V / 2",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Luv Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Luv Show is a 1995 Ann Magnuson solo album which was originally released in November 1995, on Geffen Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "This Night (Booty Luv song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"This Night\" is a song performed by female English dance music duo Booty Luv. They dropped off a video for the song in late October 2011. The song was then released seven months later as a promotional single on 24 May 2012 through recording label Industry Sound.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cool Boarders 2001",
"paragraph_text": "Cool Boarders 2001 is a snowboarding video game developed by Idol Minds and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation and PlayStation 2 and is the only \"Cool Boarders\" title to be released only in North America.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the model in the video for She Doesn't Mind by the performer of Got 2 Luv U?
|
[
{
"id": 445122,
"question": "Got 2 Luv U >> performer",
"answer": "Sean Paul",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 91782,
"question": "#1 she doesn't mind video model",
"answer": "Lisa Jackson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Lisa Jackson
|
[] | true |
2hop__19632_82045
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Battle of the Little Bighorn",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and also commonly referred to as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which resulted in the defeat of US forces, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876. It took place on June 25 -- 26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana Territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Battle of Chinsurah",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chinsurah (also known as the Battle of Biderra or Battle of Hoogly) took place near Chinsurah, India on 25 November 1759 during the Seven Years' War between a force of British troops mainly of the British East India Company and a force of the Dutch East India Company which had been invited by the Nawab of Bengal Mir Jafar to help him eject the British and establish themselves as the leading commercial company in Bengal. Despite Britain and the Dutch Republic not formally being at war, the Dutch advanced up the Hooghly River. They met a mixed force of British and local troops at Chinsurah, just outside Calcutta. The British, under Colonel Francis Forde, defeated the Dutch, forcing them to withdraw. The British engaged and defeated the ships the Dutch used to deliver the troops in a separate naval battle on November 24.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Germans",
"paragraph_text": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine. Roman emperor Augustus in 12 BC ordered the conquest of the Germans, but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire abandoning its plans to completely conquer Germany. Germanic peoples in Roman territory were culturally Romanized, and although much of Germany remained free of direct Roman rule, Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity by the Germans who obtained it from the Romans. In Roman-held territories with Germanic populations, the Germanic and Roman peoples intermarried, and Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions intermingled. The adoption of Christianity would later become a major influence in the development of a common German identity.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Rhine",
"paragraph_text": "Germanic tribes crossed the Rhine in the Migration period, by the 5th century establishing the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy on the Upper Rhine and Alemannia on the High Rhine. This \"Germanic Heroic Age\" is reflected in medieval legend, such as the Nibelungenlied which tells of the hero Siegfried killing a dragon on the Drachenfels (Siebengebirge) (\"dragons rock\"), near Bonn at the Rhine and of the Burgundians and their court at Worms, at the Rhine and Kriemhild's golden treasure, which was thrown into the Rhine by Hagen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Rhine",
"paragraph_text": "In World War II, it was recognised that the Rhine would present a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944. The bridges at Nijmegen, over the Waal distributary of the Rhine, were also an objective of Operation Market Garden. In a separate operation, the Ludendorff Bridge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, became famous, when U.S. forces were able to capture it intact – much to their own surprise – after the Germans failed to demolish it. This also became the subject of a film, The Bridge at Remagen. Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "In 121 BC, Rome came into contact with two Celtic tribes (from a region in modern France), both of which they defeated with apparent ease. The Cimbrian War (113–101 BC) was a far more serious affair than the earlier clashes of 121 BC. The Germanic tribes of the Cimbri and the Teutons migrated from northern Europe into Rome's northern territories, and clashed with Rome and her allies. At the Battle of Aquae Sextiae and the Battle of Vercellae both tribes were virtually annihilated, which ended the threat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Battle of the Coral Sea",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought from 4 to 8 May 1942, was a major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia, taking place in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. The battle is historically significant as the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other, as well as the first in which neither side's ships sighted or fired directly upon the other.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Battle of Nikiou",
"paragraph_text": "Following their victory at the Battle of Heliopolis in July 640, and the subsequent capitulation of Alexandria in November 641, Arab troops had taken over what was the Roman province of Egypt. The newly installed Byzantine Emperor Constans II was determined to re-take the land, and ordered a large fleet to carry troops to Alexandria. These troops, under Manuel, took the city by surprise from its small Arab garrison towards the end of 645 in an amphibious attack. In 645 the Byzantine thus temporarily won Alexandria back. Amr at the time may have been in Mecca, and was quickly recalled to take command of the Arab forces in Egypt.The battle took place at the small fortified town of Nikiou (Coptic: ⲡϣⲁϯ Pashati), about two-thirds of the way from Alexandria to Fustat, with the Arab forces numbering around 15,000, against a smaller Byzantine force. The Arabs prevailed, and the Byzantine forces retreated in disarray, back to Alexandria.Although the Byzantines closed the gates against the pursuing Arabs, the city of Alexandria eventually fell to the Arabs, who stormed the city sometime in the summer of that year. The defeat of Manuel's forces marked the last attempt by the Byzantine Empire to recapture Egypt for some 500 years, with only Emperor Manuel I Komnenos sending a failed expedition there in the 12th century.Then Amr ibn al-A'as wrote back to the Caliph:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Battle of Poona",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Poona took place on 25 October 1802 near Pune between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy. The forces of the Scindia (Shinde) and the Peshwa Bajirao II were attacked by the Holkars. While the British East India Company was not involved in the battle, its outcome and aftermath led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Battle of the Argeș",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Argeș was a battle of the Romanian Campaign of World War I. Taking place on 1 December 1916, the battle was fought along the line of the Argeș River in Romania between Austro-German forces of the Central Powers and Romanian forces.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Franco-Prussian War",
"paragraph_text": "On 10 October, hostilities began between German and French republican forces near Orléans. At first, the Germans were victorious but the French drew reinforcements and defeated the Germans at the Battle of Coulmiers on 9 November. After the surrender of Metz, more than 100,000 well-trained and experienced German troops joined the German 'Southern Army'. The French were forced to abandon Orléans on 4 December, and were finally defeated at the Battle of Le Mans (10–12 January). A second French army which operated north of Paris was turned back at the Battle of Amiens (27 November), the Battle of Bapaume (3 January 1871) and the Battle of St. Quentin (13 January).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "East–West Schism",
"paragraph_text": "In 476, when the last emperor of the western part of the Roman Empire was deposed and the western imperial insignia were sent to Constantinople, there was once again a single Roman Emperor. However, he had little power in the West, which was ruled almost entirely by various Germanic tribes. In the opinion of Randall R. Cloud, the permanent separation of the Greek East from the Latin West was ``the fundamental reason for the estrangement that soon followed between the Greek and the Latin Christians ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Saxe-Weimar",
"paragraph_text": "In 1804 Duke Charles Augustus entered into European politics by marrying his son and heir Charles Frederick to Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna, sister of Emperor Alexander I of Russia. However, at the same time he joined Prussia in the War of the Fourth Coalition against the French Empire, and after the defeat at the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt was forced to accede the Napoleonic Confederation of the Rhine in 1806. In 1809 Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, which had been united only in the person of the duke, were formally merged into the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Battle of Philippi",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Philippi was the final battle in the Wars of the Second Triumvirate between the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (of the Second Triumvirate) and the leaders of Julius Caesar's assassination, Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus in 42 BC, at Philippi in Macedonia. The Second Triumvirate declared this civil war ostensibly to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, but the underlying cause was a long - brewing conflict between the so - called Optimates and the so - called Populares.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Battle of Salaita Hill",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Salaita Hill was the first large-scale engagement of the East African Campaign of the First World War to involve British, Indian, Rhodesian and South African troops. The battle took place on February 12, 1916, as part of the three-pronged offensive into German East Africa launched by General Jan Smuts, who had been given overall command of the Allied forces in the region.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Battle of Rheinberg",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Rheinberg took place on 12 June 1758 in Rheinberg, Germany during the Seven Years' War. A French force under the command of Comte de Clermont and an Anglo-German force under the command of the Duke of Brunswick fought a largely indecisive battle. It was a precursor to the more decisive Battle of Krefeld nine days later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Battle of Abensberg",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Abensberg took place on 20 April 1809, between a Franco-German force under the command of Emperor Napoleon I of France and a reinforced Austrian corps led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant Archduke Louis of Austria. As the day wore on, Feldmarschall-Leutnant Johann von Hiller arrived with reinforcements to take command of the three corps that formed the Austrian left wing. The action ended in a complete Franco-German victory. The battlefield was southeast of Abensberg and included clashes at Offenstetten, Biburg-Siegenburg, Rohr in Niederbayern, and Rottenburg an der Laaber. On the same day, the French garrison of Regensburg capitulated.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Battle of the Little Bighorn",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Little Bighorn, known to the Lakota and other Plains Indians as the Battle of the Greasy Grass and commonly referred to among white Americans as Custer's Last Stand, was an armed engagement between combined forces of the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes and the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army. The battle, which resulted in the defeat of US forces, was the most significant action of the Great Sioux War of 1876. It took place on June 25 -- 26, 1876, along the Little Bighorn River in the Crow Indian Reservation in southeastern Montana Territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Switzerland",
"paragraph_text": "In about 260 AD, the fall of the Agri Decumates territory north of the Rhine transformed today's Switzerland into a frontier land of the Empire. Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica. The Empire built another line of defense at the north border (the so-called Donau-Iller-Rhine-Limes), but at the end of the fourth century the increased Germanic pressure forced the Romans to abandon the linear defence concept, and the Swiss plateau was finally open to the settlement of German tribes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Battle of Kusseri",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Kusseri between German and French forces took place from late August to 25 September 1914 in Kusseri, northeastern Kamerun during the Kamerun Campaign of World War I. The action resulted in the French capture of the Kusseri fort and the German garrison's retreat to Mora.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
where did the battle take place after the assassination of the emperor who forced the Germanic tribes to the east side of the Rhine?
|
[
{
"id": 19632,
"question": "What emperor forced the Germanic tribes to the east side of the Rhine?",
"answer": "Julius Caesar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 82045,
"question": "where did the battle take place in #1",
"answer": "Philippi in Macedonia",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Philippi in Macedonia
|
[] | true |
2hop__209634_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "President of the United Nations General Assembly",
"paragraph_text": "President of the United Nations General Assembly Emblem of the United Nations Flag of the United Nations Incumbent María Fernanda Espinosa since 18 September 2018 United Nations General Assembly Style Her Excellency Status Presiding officer Member of General Assembly Residence United Nations Headquarters Seat New York City, New York, United States Appointer General Assembly Term length one year Inaugural holder Paul - Henri Spaak Formation 1946 Website un.org/en/ga/",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Men of America",
"paragraph_text": "Men of America is a 1932 American Pre-Code Western film directed by Ralph Ince and written by Samuel Ornitz and Jack Jungmeyer. The film stars William Boyd, Charles \"Chic\" Sale, Dorothy Wilson, Ralph Ince and Henry Armetta. The film was released on November 25, 1932, by RKO Pictures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Henry M. Jackson Wilderness",
"paragraph_text": "The Henry M. Jackson Wilderness is a designated wilderness area in the state of Washington, United States. The area lies adjacent to the southwest corner of the Glacier Peak Wilderness, northwest of Stevens Pass on U.S. Highway 2 and northeast of the town of Skykomish, Washington. Wild Sky Wilderness is located immediately southwest of the Henry M. Jackson Wilderness. While the wilderness straddles the Cascade Mountain Range, most of it is in the westside ecotype. The wilderness lies in parts of Snoqualmie, Mount Baker, and Wenatchee national forests.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Henry Ralph Lumley",
"paragraph_text": "Second Lieutenant Henry Ralph Lumley (20 March 1892 - 11 March 1918) was a First World War pilot and burn victim whose case was important to the future development of facial reconstruction and plastic surgery.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Lino Guzzella",
"paragraph_text": "In December 2011, the ETH Zurich Professors' Conference elected Lino Guzzella as Rector to the ETH Executive Board, responsible for education, for a period of four years, starting on 1 August 2012. From January 2015 he leads the ETH as its new president following Ralph Eichler.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "Boston has been called the \"Athens of America\" for its literary culture, earning a reputation as \"the intellectual capital of the United States.\" In the nineteenth century, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Margaret Fuller, James Russell Lowell, and Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote in Boston. Some consider the Old Corner Bookstore, where these writers met and where The Atlantic Monthly was first published, to be \"cradle of American literature. In 1852, the Boston Public Library was founded as the first free library in the United States. Boston's literary culture continues today thanks to the city's many universities and the Boston Book Festival.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Henry R. Winkler",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Ralph Winkler (October 27, 1916 – December 26, 2012), historian, was president of the University of Cincinnati from 1977 to 1984. Winkler was the only UC graduate to hold the office of president of the University. He was selected to serve as president in December, 1977. He was succeeded by Joseph A Steger.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra",
"paragraph_text": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (July 5, 1902 – February 27, 1985), sometimes referred to as Henry Cabot Lodge II, was a Republican United States Senator from Massachusetts and a United States ambassador. He was the Republican nominee for Vice President in the 1960 presidential election alongside incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon. The Republican ticket lost to Democrats John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "William Lumley",
"paragraph_text": "General Sir William Lumley, (28 August 1769 – 15 December 1850) was a British Army officer and courtier during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The son of the Earl of Scarborough, Lumley enjoyed a rapid rise through the ranks aided by a reputation for bravery and professionalism established on campaign in Ireland, Egypt, South Africa, South America, Italy, Portugal and Spain. Following his retirement from the army due to ill health in 1811, Lumley served as Governor of Bermuda and later gained a position as a courtier to the Royal Household. Lumley is especially noted for his actions at the Battle of Antrim where he saved the lives of several magistrates and was seriously wounded fighting hand-to-hand with United Irish rebels in the Irish Rebellion of 1798.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was POTUS immediately following the conflicts attended by Henry Ralph Lumley?
|
[
{
"id": 209634,
"question": "Henry Ralph Lumley >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__423228_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Welcome to Wherever You Are (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Welcome to Wherever You Are\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi from their 2005 album, \"Have a Nice Day\". It was released as the album's third single in the US, following \"Have a Nice Day\" and \"Who Says You Can't Go Home\", while worldwide it was released as the album's second single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Say You, Say Me",
"paragraph_text": "\"Say You, Say Me\" is a song written and recorded by Lionel Richie for the film \"White Nights\", starring Mikhail Baryshnikov and Gregory Hines. The single hit number 1 in the US and on the R&B singles chart in December 1985. It became Richie's ninth number one on the \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary chart. The track is not available on the soundtrack album to the film, because Motown did not want Richie's first single since the \"Can't Slow Down\" album to appear on another record label. It finally appeared on the \"Dancing on the Ceiling\" album released in 1986.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "I'll Have to Say I Love You in a Song",
"paragraph_text": "\"I'll Have to Say I Love You in a Song\" is the title of a posthumously-released single by the American singer-songwriter Jim Croce. The song was written by Croce and was originally released on his album \"I Got a Name\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Star Wars Day",
"paragraph_text": "Apocryphally, the reference was first used on May 4, 1979, the day Margaret Thatcher took office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. An online news article from the Danish public broadcaster says her political party, the Conservatives, placed a congratulatory advertisement in The London Evening News, saying ``May the Fourth Be with You, Maggie. Congratulations. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Say Something",
"paragraph_text": "``Say Something ''is a song by American indie pop duo A Great Big World from their debut album, Is There Anybody Out There? (2013). Written by the duo members -- Ian Axel and Chad King -- alongside Mike Campbell, the song was originally recorded by Axel for his solo album This Is the New Year (2011). It was later released as a single by the duo on September 3, 2013, by Epic Records. Following its usage on American reality TV show So You Think You Can Dance, the track gained attention from singer Christina Aguilera, who wanted to collaborate with A Great Big World on the song. Quickly afterwards, a re-recorded version of`` Say Something'' with Aguilera was released on November 4, 2013.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Natasha Lyonne",
"paragraph_text": "Natasha Bianca Lyonne Braunstein (born April 4, 1979), better known as Natasha Lyonne, is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Nicky Nichols on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black, for which she received a nomination for the 2014 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, and Jessica in the American Pie film series. Her other films include Everyone Says I Love You (1996), Slums of Beverly Hills (1998), and But I'm a Cheerleader (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Saying Sorry",
"paragraph_text": "\"Saying Sorry\" is a song by American rock band Hawthorne Heights. It was released on May 22, 2006 as the debut single from their second studio album, \"If Only You Were Lonely\". \"Saying Sorry\" was released to radio on January 31, 2006. The song peaked at #7 on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones",
"paragraph_text": "Number of singles Artist Biggest number - one † 20 The Beatles ``Hey Jude ''18 Elvis Presley ‡`` Do n't Be Cruel'' / ``Hound Dog ''Mariah Carey`` We Belong Together'' 14 Rihanna ``We Found Love ''13 Michael Jackson`` Say Say Say'' (duet with Paul McCartney) 12 The Supremes ``Love Child ''Madonna`` Like a Virgin'' 11 Whitney Houston ``I Will Always Love You ''10 Stevie Wonder`` Ebony and Ivory'' (duet with Paul McCartney) Janet Jackson ``Miss You Much ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Dan Forden",
"paragraph_text": "He is credited in the Mortal Kombat series as Dan ``Toasty ''Forden, and is known for an Easter egg that first appeared in Mortal Kombat II, where Forden's head would appear after a chain of combos in the bottom - right corner of the screen and shout`` Toasty!'' in a falsetto when an uppercut was performed. In MKII you will hear him say Toasty! after Scorpion's fatality was done. In MK9 he will also appear saying Toasty after a long combo and an uppercut.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Who Says (John Mayer song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Who Says\" is the thirteenth single released by American singer-songwriter John Mayer, and the first to be released from his fourth studio album, \"Battle Studies\". It is Mayer's first studio recorded single release since \"Say\" in 2007. On September 25, 2009, \"Who Says\" was released on John Mayer's official website.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "When You Walk in the Room",
"paragraph_text": "``When You Walk in the Room ''is a song written and recorded by Jackie DeShannon, released as a single on November 23, 1963 as the B - Side to`` Till You Say You'll Be Mine''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what season was the performer of Say You, Say Me a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 423228,
"question": "Say You, Say Me >> performer",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__767840_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Turnbull station",
"paragraph_text": "Turnbull station is a flag stop station in Turnbull, Manitoba, Canada. The stop is served by Via Rail's Winnipeg – Churchill train.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "James Youll Turnbull",
"paragraph_text": "He was a sergeant in the 17th Battalion (Glasgow Commercials), The Highland Light Infantry, British Army during the Battle of the Somme in First World War. On 1 July 1916, Turnbull was awarded the VC for his actions at Leipzig Salient, Authuille, France, where Turnbull's party captured a post of apparent importance, and defended it \"almost single-handed[ly]\". Later in the day he was killed while engaged in a bombing counter-attack. He was 32 years old.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "John Payne Todd",
"paragraph_text": "John Payne Todd (February 29, 1792 – January 16, 1852), also known as Payne Todd, was the first son of Dolley Payne and John Todd Jr. His father and younger brother died in the 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic, which killed nearly 10 percent of the city's population. His mother remarried the following year, to the older James Madison, the future president of the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sarah Childress Polk",
"paragraph_text": "Sarah Polk (\"née\" Childress; September 4, 1803 – August 14, 1891) was the First Lady of the United States from 1845 to 1849. She was the wife of the 11th President of the United States, James K. Polk.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Liberal Party of Australia",
"paragraph_text": "Following the 2007 Federal Election, Dr Brendan Nelson was elected leader by the Parliamentary Liberal Party. On 16 September 2008, in a second contest following a spill motion, Nelson lost the leadership to Malcolm Turnbull. On 1 December 2009, a subsequent leadership election saw Turnbull lose the leadership to Tony Abbott by 42 votes to 41 on the second ballot. Abbott led the party to the 2010 federal election, which saw an increase in the Liberal Party vote and resulted in the first hung parliament since the 1940 election.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Iowa",
"paragraph_text": "Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President James K. Polk signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from the Indians, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Commander-in-chief",
"paragraph_text": "The amount of military detail handled personally by the President in wartime has varied dramatically. George Washington, the first U.S. president, firmly established military subordination under civilian authority. In 1794, Washington used his constitutional powers to assemble 12,000 militia to quell the Whiskey Rebellion -- a conflict in western Pennsylvania involving armed farmers and distillers who refused to pay excise tax on spirits. According to historian Joseph Ellis, this was the ``first and only time a sitting American president led troops in the field '', though James Madison briefly took control of artillery units in defense of Washington D.C. during the War of 1812.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Buchanan's Birthplace State Park",
"paragraph_text": "Buchanan's Birthplace State Park is an Pennsylvania state park near Cove Gap, in Peters Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is on Pennsylvania Route 16 along Tuscarora Mountain. Buchanan's Birthplace State Park was created from land donated to the state by Harriet Lane in honor of her uncle, the 15th President of the United States, James Buchanan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra",
"paragraph_text": "Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "History of Texas (1845–1860)",
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of Texas had formed in 1836, after breaking away from Mexico in the Texas Revolution. The following year, an ambassador from Texas approached the United States about the possibility of becoming an American state. Fearing a war with Mexico, which did not recognize Texas independence, the United States declined the offer. In 1844, James K. Polk was elected the United States president after promising to annex Texas. Before he assumed office, the outgoing president, John Tyler, entered negotiations with Texas. On February 26, 1845, six days before Polk took office, the U.S. Congress approved the annexation. The Texas legislature approved annexation in July 1845 and constructed a state constitution. In October, Texas residents approved the annexation and the new constitution, and Texas was officially inducted into the United States on December 29, 1845.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was president of the united states immediately following the conflict participated by James Youll Turnbull?
|
[
{
"id": 767840,
"question": "James Youll Turnbull >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__217464_7051
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Salt Water Tabby",
"paragraph_text": "Salt Water Tabby is a 1947 one-reel animated cartoon and is the 31st \"Tom and Jerry\" short. It was produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on July 12, 1947 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. The cartoon was animated by Ed Barge, Michael Lah (who later directed Droopy cartoons) and Kenneth Muse, with additional animation by Ray Patterson (uncredited). \"Salt Water Tabby\" was scored by Scott Bradley, produced by Fred Quimby, and directed and written by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Green Eggs and Ham",
"paragraph_text": "A character named ``Sam ''pesters Joey to try a plate of green eggs and ham. Joey refuses, responding,`` I do not like green eggs and ham. I do not like them, Sam - I - am.'' He continues to repeat this as Sam persistently follows him, asking him to try them in eight locations (house, box, car, tree, train, dark, rain, boat) and with three animals (mouse, fox, and goat). Finally, he gives into Sam's pestering and tries the green eggs and ham, which he does like after all and happily responds, ``I do so like green eggs and ham. Thank you. Thank you, Sam - I - am. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Ham and Eggs at the Front",
"paragraph_text": "Ham and Eggs at the Front is a 1927 American silent comedy film directed by Roy Del Ruth and starring Tom Wilson, Heinie Conklin and Myrna Loy in blackface. The film was released with a Vitaphone synchronized soundtrack with a music score and sound effects.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Egg and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "The Egg and Jerry is a 1956 one reel animated short, directed and produced by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera with music by Scott Bradley. It is a CinemaScope remake of 1949's \"Hatch Up Your Troubles\", and the first of the CinemaScope remakes of a few cartoons. The only aspects of the cartoon that differ from the original are that it is in a Widescreen format, the ink lines around the characters are thicker, and the backgrounds are more stylised. Also, the egg is white instead of pink, and Tom is missing the white fur stripe between his eyes, typical of the time period. The cartoon's title is a play-on-words of the novel and film \"The Egg and I\". It is the first cartoon that has in the bottom right corner, \"In CinemaScope\" (with some cartoons it is elsewhere).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Annelid",
"paragraph_text": "However, the lifecycles of most living polychaetes, which are almost all marine animals, are unknown, and only about 25% of the 300+ species whose lifecycles are known follow this pattern. About 14% use a similar external fertilization but produce yolk-rich eggs, which reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton, or eggs from which miniature adults emerge rather than larvae. The rest care for the fertilized eggs until they hatch – some by producing jelly-covered masses of eggs which they tend, some by attaching the eggs to their bodies and a few species by keeping the eggs within their bodies until they hatch. These species use a variety of methods for sperm transfer; for example, in some the females collect sperm released into the water, while in others the males have a penis that inject sperm into the female. There is no guarantee that this is a representative sample of polychaetes' reproductive patterns, and it simply reflects scientists' current knowledge.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Poultry",
"paragraph_text": "Since their domestication, a large number of breeds of chickens have been established, but with the exception of the white Leghorn, most commercial birds are of hybrid origin. In about 1800, chickens began to be kept on a larger scale, and modern high-output poultry farms were present in the United Kingdom from around 1920 and became established in the United States soon after the Second World War. By the mid-20th century, the poultry meat-producing industry was of greater importance than the egg-laying industry. Poultry breeding has produced breeds and strains to fulfil different needs; light-framed, egg-laying birds that can produce 300 eggs a year; fast-growing, fleshy birds destined for consumption at a young age, and utility birds which produce both an acceptable number of eggs and a well-fleshed carcase. Male birds are unwanted in the egg-laying industry and can often be identified as soon as they are hatch for subsequent culling. In meat breeds, these birds are sometimes castrated (often chemically) to prevent aggression. The resulting bird, called a capon, has more tender and flavorful meat, as well.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Brine shrimp",
"paragraph_text": "Males differ from females by having the second antennae markedly enlarged, and modified into clasping organs used in mating. Adult female brine shrimp ovulate approximately every 140 hours. In favourable conditions, the female brine shrimp can produce eggs that almost immediately hatch. While in extreme conditions, such as low oxygen level or salinity above 150 ‰, female brine shrimp produce eggs with a chorion coating which has a brown colour. These eggs, also known as cysts, are metabolically inactive and can remain in total stasis for two years while in dry oxygen - free conditions, even at temperatures below freezing. This characteristic is called cryptobiosis, meaning ``hidden life ''. While in cryptobiosis, brine shrimp eggs can survive temperatures of liquid air (− 190 ° C or − 310 ° F) and a small percentage can survive above boiling temperature (105 ° C or 221 ° F) for up to two hours. Once placed in briny (salt) water, the eggs hatch within a few hours. The nauplius larvae are less than 0.4 mm in length when they first hatch. Brine shrimp have a biological life cycle of one year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Flowers and Trees",
"paragraph_text": "Flowers and Trees is a 1932 \"Silly Symphonies\" cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Burt Gillett, and released to theatres by United Artists on July 30, 1932. It was the first commercially released film to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process after several years of two-color Technicolor films. The film was a commercial and critical success, winning the first Academy Award for Best Cartoon Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Ham and Eggs",
"paragraph_text": "Ham and Eggs is an animated cartoon produced by Walter Lantz, and as part of the Oswald the Lucky Rabbit series. It is the 72nd Oswald short by Lantz and the 124th in the entire series.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fifty Eggs",
"paragraph_text": "Fifty Eggs is musician Dan Bern's second studio album, and follow up to his self-titled debut. It was produced by Ani DiFranco and released in 1998.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Bird-of-paradise",
"paragraph_text": "Birds-of-paradise build their nests from soft materials, such as leaves, ferns, and vine tendrils, typically placed in a tree fork. The typical number of eggs in each clutch varies among the species and is not known for every species. For larger species, it is almost always just one egg, but smaller species may produce clutches of 2–3 eggs. Eggs hatch after 16–22 days, and the young leave the nest at between 16 and 30 days of age.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Popeye",
"paragraph_text": "In November 1932, King Features signed an agreement with Fleischer Studios to have Popeye and the other Thimble Theatre characters begin appearing in a series of animated cartoons. The first cartoon in the series was released in 1933, and Popeye cartoons, released by Paramount Pictures, would remain a staple of Paramount's release schedule for nearly 25 years. William Costello was the original voice of Popeye, a voice that would be replicated by later performers, such as Jack Mercer and even Mae Questel. Many of the Thimble Theatre characters, including Wimpy, Poopdeck Pappy, and Eugene the Jeep, eventually made appearances in the Paramount cartoons, though appearances by Olive Oyl's extended family and Ham Gravy were notably absent. Thanks to the animated - short series, Popeye became even more of a sensation than he had been in comic strips, and by 1938, polls showed that the sailor was Hollywood's most popular cartoon character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Here Comes the Grump",
"paragraph_text": "Here Comes the Grump is an animated cartoon series produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and aired on NBC from 1969 to 1970. It was later shown in reruns on Sci-Fi Channel's Cartoon Quest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Hard Luck Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Hard Luck Duck is a \"What a Cartoon!\" animated cartoon directed by William Hanna, produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, and broadcast as a part of \"World Premiere Toons\" on Cartoon Network on April 16, 1995. The cartoon involves Hard Luck Duck (Russi Taylor), after venturing away from Crocodile Harley (Brad Garrett)'s watch, is a hungry fox (Jim Cummings)'s target to be cooked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "David H. DePatie",
"paragraph_text": "David Hudson DePatie (born December 24, 1929) is an American film and television producer. He was the last executive in charge of the original Warner Bros. Cartoons cartoon studio. He also formed DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and was an executive producer at Marvel Productions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Green Eggs and Ham",
"paragraph_text": "A character named ``Sam - I - am ''pesters an unnamed character to try a plate of green eggs and ham. The unnamed character refuses, responding,`` I do not like green eggs and ham. I do not like them, Sam - I - am.'' He continues to repeat this as Sam persistently follows him, asking him to try them in eight locations (house, box, car, tree, train, dark, rain, boat) and with three animals (mouse, fox, and goat). Finally, he gives into Sam's pestering and tries the green eggs and ham, which he does like after all and happily responds, ``I do so like green eggs and ham. Thank you. Thank you, Sam - I - am. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did the producer of Ham and Eggs cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?
|
[
{
"id": 217464,
"question": "Ham and Eggs >> producer",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 7051,
"question": "In what year did #1 cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?",
"answer": "1943",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
1943
|
[] | true |
2hop__356961_53910
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Elwyn Roy King",
"paragraph_text": "Elwyn Roy King, DSO, DFC (13 May 1894 – 28 November 1941) was a fighter ace in the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) during World War I. He achieved twenty-six victories in aerial combat, making him the fourth highest-scoring Australian pilot of the war, and second only to Harry Cobby in the AFC. A civil pilot and engineer between the wars, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) from 1939 until his death.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Nishan-e-Pakistan",
"paragraph_text": "Year Name Field Country 9 November 1959 Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Shah of Iran Imperial State of Iran 1960 Queen Elizabeth II Queen of the United Kingdom (Former Queen of Pakistan) United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms 13 January 1961 Josip Broz Tito President of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia 1962 Bhumibol Adulyadej King of Thailand Thailand 7 December 1957 Dwight Eisenhower President of the United States United States 1 August 1969 Richard Nixon President of the United States United States King Birendra King of Nepal Nepal 23 March 1983 Aga Khan IV Leader of Ismaili Muslims United Kingdom 19 May 1990 Morarji Desai Prime Minister of India India 18 September 1992 Hassanal Bolkiah Sultan of Brunei Darussalam Brunei 3 October 1992 Nelson Mandela President of South Africa South Africa 10 April 1999 Li Peng Premier of the People's Republic of China China 6 April 1999 Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani Emir of Qatar Qatar 21 April 2001 Sultan Qaboos bin Said al Said Sultan of Oman Oman 1 February 2006 King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al Saud King of Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 24 November 2006 Hu Jintao President of the People's Republic of China China 26 October 2009 Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Prime Minister of Turkey Turkey Emperor Akihito Emperor of Japan Japan 31 March 2010 Abdullah Gul President of Turkey Turkey 22 May 2013 Li Keqiang Premier of the People's Republic of China China 21 April 2015 Xi Jinping President of the People's Republic of China China 23 May 2018 Fidel Castro President of Cuba Cuba",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Peuple et Rois",
"paragraph_text": "Peuple et Rois (People and Kings) is the French title of an 1892 painting by Juan Luna. Finished in the academic style of painting, Luna intended to send and enter \"Peuple et Rois\" for the 1892 Chicago Universal Exposition in the United States, but the plan was aborted when Luna shot his wife and mother-in-law because he suspected his wife of having an affair with a French doctor. Luna was acquitted for murder by the French court on February 3, 1893.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "James Buchanan",
"paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "French and Indian War",
"paragraph_text": "The conflict is known by multiple names. In British America, wars were often named after the sitting British monarch, such as King William's War or Queen Anne's War. As there had already been a King George's War in the 1740s, British colonists named the second war in King George's reign after their opponents, and it became known as the French and Indian War. This traditional name continues as the standard in the United States, but it obscures the fact that Indians fought on both sides of the conflict, and that this was part of the Seven Years' War, a much larger conflict between France and Great Britain. American historians generally use the traditional name or sometimes the Seven Years' War. Other, less frequently used names for the war include the Fourth Intercolonial War and the Great War for the Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Stranger from Venus",
"paragraph_text": "Stranger from Venus (a.k.a. Immediate Disaster and The Venusian in the United States) is a 1954 independently made British black-and-white science fiction film, produced by Burt Balaban (who also directed), Gene Martel, and Roy Rich, that stars Patricia Neal and Helmut Dantine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States Secret Service",
"paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "First Bank of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "List of ambassadors of the United States to the Czech Republic",
"paragraph_text": "Ambassador of the United States to the Czech Republic Seal of the United States Department of State Incumbent Steve King since December 6, 2017 Nominator The President of the United States Inaugural holder Adrian A. Basora as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Formation June 15, 1992 Website U.S. Embassy - Prague",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Roto Broil",
"paragraph_text": "Roto Broil is a 1961 pop art painting by Roy Lichtenstein. It was one of the consumer goods paintings made in the early 1960s that \"made a splash, sold well and immediately polarized the critics.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "2004 Haitian coup d'état",
"paragraph_text": "The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gerald Ford",
"paragraph_text": "Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr.; July 14, 1913 -- December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977, following the resignation of Richard Nixon. Prior to this he served eight months as the 40th Vice President of the United States, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew. He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the 25th Amendment, and consequently the only person to have served as both Vice President and President of the United States without being elected to executive office. Before his appointment to the vice presidency, Ford served 25 years as U.S. Representative from Michigan's 5th congressional district, the final nine of them as the House Minority Leader.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Rebel Spirit",
"paragraph_text": "\"Rebel Spirit\" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series \"The Legend of Korra\". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, \"The Southern Lights\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Le Roy Township, Coffey County, Kansas",
"paragraph_text": "Le Roy Township is a township in Coffey County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 669.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "United States presidential line of succession",
"paragraph_text": "The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who was the U.S. President immediately following the conflict in which Elwyn Roy King served?
|
[
{
"id": 356961,
"question": "Elwyn Roy King >> conflict",
"answer": "World War",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
},
{
"id": 53910,
"question": "who was president of the united states immediately following #1 i",
"answer": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
|
[
"Woodrow Wilson"
] | true |
2hop__421479_83906
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Madonna (entertainer)",
"paragraph_text": "Possessing a mezzo-soprano vocal range, Madonna has always been self-conscious about her voice, especially in comparison to her vocal idols such as Ella Fitzgerald, Prince, and Chaka Khan. Mark Bego, author of Madonna: Blonde Ambition, called her \"the perfect vocalist for lighter-than-air songs\", despite not being a \"heavyweight talent.\" According to MSNBC critic Tony Sclafani, \"Madonna's vocals are the key to her rock roots. Pop vocalists usually sing songs \"straight,\" but Madonna employs subtext, irony, aggression and all sorts of vocal idiosyncrasies in the ways John Lennon and Bob Dylan did.\" Madonna used a bright, girlish vocal timbre in her early albums which became passé in her later works. The change was deliberate since she was constantly reminded of how the critics had once labelled her as \"Minnie Mouse on helium\". During the filming of Evita, Madonna had to take vocal lessons, which increased her range further. Of this experience she commented, \"I studied with a vocal coach for Evita and I realized there was a whole piece of my voice I wasn't using. Before, I just believed I had a really limited range and was going to make the most of it.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Ellis Larkins",
"paragraph_text": "Ellis Larkins (May 15, 1923 – September 30, 2002) was an American jazz pianist born in Baltimore, Maryland, perhaps best known for his two recordings with Ella Fitzgerald: the albums \"Ella Sings Gershwin\" (1950) and \"Songs in a Mellow Mood\" (1954). He was also the leader in the first solo sides by singer Chris Connor on her album \"Chris\" (1954).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Grammy Award records",
"paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Awards Alison Krauss 27 Beyoncé 22 Aretha Franklin 18 Adele 15 Alicia Keys 6 Ella Fitzgerald 13 Leontyne Price Emmylou Harris 9 CeCe Winans 12 10 Shirley Caesar 11 11 Chaka Khan 10 Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Taylor Swift 15 Mary J. Blige 9 Natalie Cole Sheryl Crow Norah Jones Hillary Scott Rihanna",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Clyde McCoy",
"paragraph_text": "Clyde Lee McCoy (December 29, 1903 – June 11, 1990), was an American jazz trumpeter whose popularity spanned seven decades. He is best remembered for his theme song, \"Sugar Blues\", written by Clarence Williams and Lucy Fletcher, and also as a co-founder of \"Down Beat\" magazine in 1935. The song hit in 1931 and 1935, in Columbia and Decca versions, and returned to \"Billboard\" magazine's Country (Hillbilly) chart in 1941. It was also played with vocals, by Bob Wills and his Texas Playboys, Fats Waller and Ella Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ella Sings Broadway",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Sings Broadway is a 1963 (see 1963 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra arranged and conducted by the American bandleader Marty Paich. Ella had previously recorded with Paich and his more familiar Dek-tette on the 1957 album \"Ella Swings Lightly\", and was to record with him again on her 1967 album \"Whisper Not\". Shortly before the sessions for \" Ella Sings Broadway \", Ella had recorded two singles with Marty Paich, the Antonio Carlos Jobim song 'Desafinado' and a Bossa Nova version of the jazz standard 'Stardust'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sandy Williams",
"paragraph_text": "Alexander Balos \"Sandy\" Williams (October 24, 1906 – March 25, 1991) was an American jazz trombonist, perhaps best known for playing with the premier big bands of his day, especially the Chick Webb orchestra. Williams also recorded extensively with Ella Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Grammy Award records",
"paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Awards Alison Krauss 27 Beyoncé 22 Aretha Franklin 18 Adele 15 Alicia Keys 6 Ella Fitzgerald 13 Leontyne Price Emmylou Harris 9 Shirley Caesar 11 10 Chaka Khan 10 Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Taylor Swift CeCe Winans 15 Mary J. Blige 9 Natalie Cole Sheryl Crow Norah Jones Hillary Scott",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Adventures in Jazz",
"paragraph_text": "Adventures in Jazz is a 1949 CBS television show. The program was broadcast live, showcasing jazz musicians and singers. Ella Fitzgerald, Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Charlie Parker, Count Basie and June Christy made appearances on the short-lived series, with a total of 23 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Thing (The Addams Family)",
"paragraph_text": "Thing T. Thing, often referred to as just Thing, is a fictional character in The Addams Family series. Thing was originally conceived as a whole creature (always seen in the background watching the family) that was too horrible to see in person. The only part of it that was tolerable was its human hand (this can be seen in the 1964 television series). The Addamses called it ``Thing ''because it was something that could not be identified. Thing was changed to a disembodied hand for the 1991 and 1993 Addams Family movies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Waiting for the Moon (musical)",
"paragraph_text": "Waiting for the Moon: An American Love Story, formerly Zelda or Scott & Zelda: The Other Side Of Paradise, is a musical with music by Frank Wildhorn and lyrics by Jack Murphy. It is the second finished production the two have presented, having previously collaborated on \"The Civil War\". The show had its world premiere at the Lenape Regional Performing Arts Center in Marlton, New Jersey in July 2005. The musical is based on the lives of famed American author F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife, Zelda Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Five Nights at Freddy's 2",
"paragraph_text": "Set in 1987, the player character, whose name is later revealed to be Jeremy Fitzgerald, has started working as a night watch security guard at the improved Freddy Fazbear's Pizza. As he did in the previous game, a certain Freddy Fazbear's Pizza employee calls Jeremy on the phone in the office at the beginning of each night to explain both gameplay and parts of the backstory surrounding the restaurant. He explains that the ``new ''(at the time) animatronics, which have special facial recognition software to protect the children from potential harm, were not programmed with a proper night mode; when things go silent, their programming tells them that they are in the wrong room and they seek out the nearest source of noise to find people to entertain, which happens to be in the office.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You've Got Another Thing Comin'",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got Another Thing Comin '''is a song by British heavy metal band Judas Priest. It was originally released on their 1982 album Screaming for Vengeance and released as a single later that year. In May 2006, VH1 ranked it fifth on their list of the 40 Greatest Metal Songs. It became one of Judas Priest's signature songs along with`` Electric Eye'' and ``Breaking the Law '', and a staple of the band's live performances.`` You've Got Another Thing Comin'' was first performed on the opening concert of the Vengeance World Tour at the Stabler Center in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, on 26 August 1982 and had been played a total of 673 times through the 2012 Epitaph Tour.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Poojai",
"paragraph_text": "IB Times called it a typical commercial. The Times of India gave the film 3 stars out of 5 and wrote, \"\"Poojai\" is commercial masala done well. There is action (punchy), sentiment (effective but not affecting), humour (silly but funny once in a while), romance (ludicrous and strictly functional), and the director manages to keep things ticking —the action is often relentless, and the nondescript songs and the comedy scenes (Soori and Pandi doing a pale imitation of Goundamani and Senthil) are breathers for us\". The Hindu wrote, \"\"Poojai\", despite not being Hari’s best, could still be successful in the B and C centres, and affirm his bankability. The writing is generally not well thought out though. It seems almost like groups of imperfect scenes were put together in the hope that they’d somehow come together to form a riveting, entertaining whole. \"Poojai\" then is a refutation of Aristotle’s adage that states that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts\". Sify called it \"a typical Hari mass entertainer, though this time he has not got the mix in the right proposition\". Bangalore Mirror gave 3 stars out of 5 and wrote, \"All the formulaic features that usually form part of a Hari film are all intact here as well, the racy screenplay included. But then, the problem is that the theme is too old-fashioned, with a customary villain trying to dominate a particular community and the hero rising in revolt the moment his family gets affected. Neither there is freshness in treatment nor there is novelty in the narration\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Jungle Book (1967 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Phil Harris as Baloo, a sloth bear who leads a carefree life and believes in letting the good things in life come by themselves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald",
"paragraph_text": "``The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald ''is a song written, composed, and performed by Canadian singer - songwriter Gordon Lightfoot to commemorate the sinking of the bulk carrier SS Edmund Fitzgerald on Lake Superior on November 10, 1975. Lightfoot drew his inspiration from Newsweek's article on the event,`` The Cruelest Month'', which it published in its November 24, 1975, issue. Lightfoot considers this song to be his finest work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "We Have All the Time in the World",
"paragraph_text": "\"We Have All the Time in the World\" is a James Bond theme and popular song sung by Louis Armstrong. Its music was composed by John Barry and the lyrics by Hal David. It is a secondary musical theme in the 1969 Bond film \"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\", the title theme being the instrumental \"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\", also composed by Barry. The song title is taken from Bond's final words in both the novel and the film, spoken after his wife's death. Armstrong was too ill to play his trumpet. Barry chose Armstrong because he felt he could \"deliver the title line with irony\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Fitzgerald -- on Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959), on the 1983 Pablo release Nice Work If You Can Get It, and in a 1957 duet with Louis Armstrong on Ella and Louis Again.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Let's Get Loud",
"paragraph_text": "``Let's Get Loud ''Single by Jennifer Lopez from the album On the 6 B - side`` Feelin 'So Good'' Released June 9, 2000 Format CD single maxi single 12 ''vinyl Recorded 1999 Genre Latin dance Salsa Length 3: 58 Label Columbia Work Songwriter (s) Gloria Estefan Kike Santander Producer (s) Emilio Estefan, Jr. Kike Santander Jennifer Lopez singles chronology ``Feelin' So Good'' (2000)`` Let's Get Loud ''(2000) ``Love Do n't Cost a Thing'' (2000)`` Feelin 'So Good ''(2000) ``Let's Get Loud'' (2000)`` Love Do n't Cost a Thing ''(2000)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Queen Esther Marrow",
"paragraph_text": "Queen Esther Marrow was born in Newport News, Virginia. She began her career at the age of 22, when her talent and vocal gifts were discovered by Duke Ellington and made her debut as a featured artist in his \"Sacred Concert\" world tour. Marrow and Ellington formed a long-life friendship during the next four years while touring together. Queen has since performed with such musical greats as Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, B.B. King, Ray Charles, Thelonious Monk, Chick Corea and Bob Dylan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Fairest (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Fairest is a 2006 novel by Gail Carson Levine. It uses some plot elements of the classic \"Snow White\" and is set in the same world as \"Ella Enchanted\". The kingdom of Ayortha, the setting of the story, is the neighboring kingdom of Kyrria, where \"Ella Enchanted\" was set and the story makes several allusions to the previous work.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did Ella Fitzgerald sing let's call the whole thing off with the performer of We Have All the Time in the World?
|
[
{
"id": 421479,
"question": "We Have All the Time in the World >> performer",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 83906,
"question": "#1 ella fitzgerald let's call the whole thing off",
"answer": "1957",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
1957
|
[] | true |
2hop__486798_7051
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Knights Must Fall",
"paragraph_text": "Knights Must Fall is a 1949 Bugs Bunny cartoon directed by Friz Freleng that spoofs King Arthur. The title of the cartoon itself is a pun on the 1937 film \"Night Must Fall\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "David H. DePatie",
"paragraph_text": "David Hudson DePatie (born December 24, 1929) is an American film and television producer. He was the last executive in charge of the original Warner Bros. Cartoons cartoon studio. He also formed DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and was an executive producer at Marvel Productions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Hard Luck Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Hard Luck Duck is a \"What a Cartoon!\" animated cartoon directed by William Hanna, produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, and broadcast as a part of \"World Premiere Toons\" on Cartoon Network on April 16, 1995. The cartoon involves Hard Luck Duck (Russi Taylor), after venturing away from Crocodile Harley (Brad Garrett)'s watch, is a hungry fox (Jim Cummings)'s target to be cooked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Donal Logue",
"paragraph_text": "Donal Logue Logue in 2014 Donal Francis Logue (1965 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1965 (age 53) or (1966 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1966 (age 52) (sources vary) Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Citizenship United States, Canada, Ireland Education Harvard University Occupation Actor Director Producer Writer Years active 1992 -- present Known for Lee Toric (Sons of Anarchy) Sean Finnerty (Grounded for Life) King Horik (Vikings) Harvey Bullock (Gotham) Spouse (s) Kasey Walker (divorced) Children",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Flowers and Trees",
"paragraph_text": "Flowers and Trees is a 1932 \"Silly Symphonies\" cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Burt Gillett, and released to theatres by United Artists on July 30, 1932. It was the first commercially released film to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process after several years of two-color Technicolor films. The film was a commercial and critical success, winning the first Academy Award for Best Cartoon Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sleepy-Time Tom",
"paragraph_text": "Sleepy-Time Tom is a 1951 one-reel animated cartoon and is the 58th \"Tom and Jerry\" cartoon that was created by directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, produced by Fred Quimby, scored by Scott Bradley and animated by Ed Barge, Kenneth Muse, Irven Spence and Ray Patterson. The short was released in theaters on May 26, 1951.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "Before 1954, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; in 1954 and 1955, some of the output was dually produced in dual versions: one Academy-ratio negative composed for a flat widescreen (1.75:1) format and one shot in the CinemaScope process. From 1955 until the close of the MGM cartoon studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope, some even had their soundtracks recorded in Perspecta directional audio. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were shot as successive color exposure negatives in Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor but returned to the standard Academy ratio and format. The 2005 short The Karate Guard was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "King Klunk",
"paragraph_text": "King Klunk is a 1933 animated short subject, produced and directed by Walter Lantz. It stars Pooch the Pup, and is the twelfth of the thirteen cartoons featuring that character. The cartoon is a parody of the RKO feature \"King Kong\", which premiered six months earlier to this cartoon's release on September 4, 1933 from Universal Pictures.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Henry Roy Brahana",
"paragraph_text": "H. Roy Brahana received his PhD from Princeton University in 1920 under the direction of Oswald Veblen. In the autumn of 1920, he joined the mathematics department of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and remained there until his retirement in 1963. Brahana was the editor for the publication by the University of Illinois Press of the collected works of George Abram Miller in 5 volumes, coming out in the years 1935, 1939, 1946, 1955, and 1959. The H. Roy Brahana Prize for undergraduates at U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was established in his honor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Oswald Watt",
"paragraph_text": "In his will, Watt left two bequests to the Australian Aero Club, one of which was used to establish the Oswald Watt Gold Medal for outstanding achievement in Australian aviation. Winners of the award have included Charles Kingsford Smith, Bert Hinkler, Henry Millicer, Ivor McIntyre, Jon Johanson and Andy Thomas. He also bequeathed a sum to the Royal Military College, Duntroon, to award annually a set of binoculars for the best cadet essay on military aviation or aeronautics. The award was founded as the Oswald Watt Prize later in 1921. Most of the residue of Watt's estate went to the University of Sydney. Considered one of the university's great benefactors, he was commemorated by the Oswald Watt Fund. In May 1923, the Oswald Watt Wing of the Havilah Home for Orphans, Wahroonga, was opened by the Governor-General of Australia. Watt was acknowledged as both a source and a reviewer by F.M. Cutlack in the latter's volume on the Australian Flying Corps that was first published in 1923 as part of the \"Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918\". During World War I, Oswald Watt had been the only AFC officer to command a wing apart from Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, who was later to become known as the \"Father of the RAAF\". In 2001, military historian Alan Stephens noted that \"had fate drawn him to a post-war career in the Air Force instead of to business and an untimely death, 'Toby' Watt might have challenged Richard Williams as the RAAF's dominant figure in its formative years\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cured Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Cured Duck is a 1945 American animated cartoon produced by Walt Disney and directed by Jack King. It stars Clarence Nash as the voice of Donald and Gloria Blondell as the voice of Daisy, respectively. The cartoon features Donald going to visit Daisy, but his temper control problems cause him to wreck the house and get kicked out. To cure himself of his temper, he gets a machine that proceeds to deliver physical and angering abuse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Popeye",
"paragraph_text": "In November 1932, King Features signed an agreement with Fleischer Studios to have Popeye and the other Thimble Theatre characters begin appearing in a series of animated cartoons. The first cartoon in the series was released in 1933, and Popeye cartoons, released by Paramount Pictures, would remain a staple of Paramount's release schedule for nearly 25 years. William Costello was the original voice of Popeye, a voice that would be replicated by later performers, such as Jack Mercer and even Mae Questel. Many of the Thimble Theatre characters, including Wimpy, Poopdeck Pappy, and Eugene the Jeep, eventually made appearances in the Paramount cartoons, though appearances by Olive Oyl's extended family and Ham Gravy were notably absent. Thanks to the animated - short series, Popeye became even more of a sensation than he had been in comic strips, and by 1938, polls showed that the sailor was Hollywood's most popular cartoon character.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Robin Lord Taylor",
"paragraph_text": "Robin Lord Taylor (born June 4, 1978) is an American film and television actor and director, known for Accepted (2006), Another Earth (2011) and Would You Rather (2012). He stars in the television drama series Gotham as Oswald Cobblepot.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein",
"paragraph_text": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein is a 1999 American animated comedy horror film produced by Bagdasarian Productions, LLC. and Universal Cartoon Studios and distributed by Universal Studios Home Video. It is directed by Kathi Castillo, written by John Loy and based on characters from \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" and Mary Shelley's 1816 novel \"Frankenstein\". This is the first of three \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" direct-to-video films, and the first of three Universal Cartoon Studios productions to be animated overseas by Tama Productions in Tokyo, Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Oswald of Worcester",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald of Worcester (died 29 February 992) was Archbishop of York from 972 to his death in 992. He was of Danish ancestry, but brought up by his uncle, Oda, who sent him to France to the abbey of Fleury to become a monk. After a number of years at Fleury, Oswald returned to England at the request of his uncle, who died before Oswald returned. With his uncle's death, Oswald needed a patron and turned to another kinsman, Oskytel, who had recently become Archbishop of York. His activity for Oskytel attracted the notice of Archbishop Dunstan who had Oswald consecrated as Bishop of Worcester in 961. In 972, Oswald was promoted to the see of York, although he continued to hold Worcester also.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker (2017 film)",
"paragraph_text": "In the early 2010s, Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment planned a Woody Woodpecker feature film. John Altschuler and Dave Krinsky (King of the Hill) were in talks to develop a story, but in July 2013, Illumination canceled the project. In October 2013, Bill Kopp announced that Universal Pictures had hired him to direct an animated feature film with three interwoven stories. On July 13, 2016, Cartoon Brew reported that Universal 1440 Entertainment was filming a live - action / CG hybrid film based on Woody Woodpecker in Canada. Filming began in June 2016, and ended later in July of that year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
In what year did the director of King Klunk cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?
|
[
{
"id": 486798,
"question": "King Klunk >> director",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 7051,
"question": "In what year did #1 cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?",
"answer": "1943",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
1943
|
[] | true |
2hop__192989_7051
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Greg Wise",
"paragraph_text": "Matthew Gregory Wise (born 15 May 1966) is an English actor and producer. He has appeared in many British television works, as well as several feature films (notably the role of John Willoughby in Sense and Sensibility).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Federal Aviation Administration",
"paragraph_text": "On July 22, 2008, in the aftermath of the Southwest Airlines inspection scandal, a bill was unanimously approved in the House to tighten regulations concerning airplane maintenance procedures, including the establishment of a whistleblower office and a two-year \"cooling off\" period that FAA inspectors or supervisors of inspectors must wait before they can work for those they regulated. The bill also required rotation of principal maintenance inspectors and stipulated that the word \"customer\" properly applies to the flying public, not those entities regulated by the FAA. The bill died in a Senate committee that year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Artistic Temperament",
"paragraph_text": "The Artistic Temperament is a British silent motion picture of 1919 produced by David Falcke and directed by Fred Goodwins. It stars Lewis Willoughby, Margot Kelly, and Frank Adair, with Daisy Burrell and Patrick Turnbull.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Oswald of Worcester",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald of Worcester (died 29 February 992) was Archbishop of York from 972 to his death in 992. He was of Danish ancestry, but brought up by his uncle, Oda, who sent him to France to the abbey of Fleury to become a monk. After a number of years at Fleury, Oswald returned to England at the request of his uncle, who died before Oswald returned. With his uncle's death, Oswald needed a patron and turned to another kinsman, Oskytel, who had recently become Archbishop of York. His activity for Oskytel attracted the notice of Archbishop Dunstan who had Oswald consecrated as Bishop of Worcester in 961. In 972, Oswald was promoted to the see of York, although he continued to hold Worcester also.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby ( 1385 – 25 July 1452) was an English nobleman and military commander in the Hundred Years' War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Oswald Watt",
"paragraph_text": "In his will, Watt left two bequests to the Australian Aero Club, one of which was used to establish the Oswald Watt Gold Medal for outstanding achievement in Australian aviation. Winners of the award have included Charles Kingsford Smith, Bert Hinkler, Henry Millicer, Ivor McIntyre, Jon Johanson and Andy Thomas. He also bequeathed a sum to the Royal Military College, Duntroon, to award annually a set of binoculars for the best cadet essay on military aviation or aeronautics. The award was founded as the Oswald Watt Prize later in 1921. Most of the residue of Watt's estate went to the University of Sydney. Considered one of the university's great benefactors, he was commemorated by the Oswald Watt Fund. In May 1923, the Oswald Watt Wing of the Havilah Home for Orphans, Wahroonga, was opened by the Governor-General of Australia. Watt was acknowledged as both a source and a reviewer by F.M. Cutlack in the latter's volume on the Australian Flying Corps that was first published in 1923 as part of the \"Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918\". During World War I, Oswald Watt had been the only AFC officer to command a wing apart from Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, who was later to become known as the \"Father of the RAAF\". In 2001, military historian Alan Stephens noted that \"had fate drawn him to a post-war career in the Air Force instead of to business and an untimely death, 'Toby' Watt might have challenged Richard Williams as the RAAF's dominant figure in its formative years\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Frost at Christmas",
"paragraph_text": "Frost at Christmas (1984) is the first of the series of novels written by R. D. Wingfield, the creator of the character Detective Inspector Jack Frost, who is more famously known in the television series \"A Touch of Frost\", where the character is played by Sir David Jason. This novel was adapted into the TV episode 'Care and Protection', which was also the first in the series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby",
"paragraph_text": "Peregrine Bertie, 13th Baron Willoughby de Eresby (12 October 1555 – 25 June 1601) was the son of Catherine Willoughby, 12th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby, and Richard Bertie. Bertie was Lady Willoughby de Eresby's second husband, the first being Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. Peregrine Bertie's half-brothers, Henry and Charles Brandon, died as teenagers four years before his birth. His sister Susan married the Earl of Kent and then the nephew of Bess of Hardwick. Owing to religious politics, the parents had to move outside England and the boy was born at Wesel on the River Rhine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Woody Woodpecker Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Woody Woodpecker Show is a long-running 30-minute American television series mainly composed of the film series in animated cartoon escapades of Woody Woodpecker and other Walter Lantz characters including Andy Panda, Chilly Willy, and Inspector Willoughby released by Walter Lantz Productions. The series was revived and reformatted several times, but remained popular for nearly four decades and allowed the studio to continue making theatrical cartoons until 1972 when it shut down. It also kept the Walter Lantz/Universal \"cartunes\" made during the Golden Age of American animation a part of the American consciousness. The \"Woody Woodpecker Show\" was named the 88th best animated series by IGN.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Inspector Willoughby",
"paragraph_text": "Inspector Willoughby is a cartoon character created by Walter Lantz, and named after the Hollywood avenue which runs alongside the building where Lantz's office was housed (at 861 Seward Street). In \"Mississippi Slow Boat\" (1961) the character is addressed as Inspector Seward Willoughby. His cartoons were often shown on \"The Woody Woodpecker Show\" alongside Woody Woodpecker, Chilly Willy and Andy Panda.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "Before 1954, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; in 1954 and 1955, some of the output was dually produced in dual versions: one Academy-ratio negative composed for a flat widescreen (1.75:1) format and one shot in the CinemaScope process. From 1955 until the close of the MGM cartoon studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope, some even had their soundtracks recorded in Perspecta directional audio. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were shot as successive color exposure negatives in Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor but returned to the standard Academy ratio and format. The 2005 short The Karate Guard was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Henry Roy Brahana",
"paragraph_text": "H. Roy Brahana received his PhD from Princeton University in 1920 under the direction of Oswald Veblen. In the autumn of 1920, he joined the mathematics department of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and remained there until his retirement in 1963. Brahana was the editor for the publication by the University of Illinois Press of the collected works of George Abram Miller in 5 volumes, coming out in the years 1935, 1939, 1946, 1955, and 1959. The H. Roy Brahana Prize for undergraduates at U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was established in his honor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Justin Roiland",
"paragraph_text": "Justin Roiland (born February 21, 1980) is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, and director. He is best known as the co-creator and executive producer of the Adult Swim animated series Rick and Morty, in which he voices both of the show's eponymous characters, the voice of Oscar on the Disney Channel's animated television show Fish Hooks, as well as the Earl of Lemongrab on Cartoon Network's Adventure Time, and several characters (most notably the character of Blendin Blandin) on Gravity Falls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Flowers and Trees",
"paragraph_text": "Flowers and Trees is a 1932 \"Silly Symphonies\" cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Burt Gillett, and released to theatres by United Artists on July 30, 1932. It was the first commercially released film to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process after several years of two-color Technicolor films. The film was a commercial and critical success, winning the first Academy Award for Best Cartoon Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Justin Roiland",
"paragraph_text": "Justin Roiland (born February 21, 1980) is an American actor, animator, writer, producer, and director. He is best known as the co-creator and executive producer of the Adult Swim animated series Rick and Morty, in which he voices both of the show's titular characters, the voice of Oscar on the Disney Channel's animated television show Fish Hooks, as well as the Earl of Lemongrab on Cartoon Network's Adventure Time, and several characters (most notably the character of Blendin Blandin) on Gravity Falls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein",
"paragraph_text": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein is a 1999 American animated comedy horror film produced by Bagdasarian Productions, LLC. and Universal Cartoon Studios and distributed by Universal Studios Home Video. It is directed by Kathi Castillo, written by John Loy and based on characters from \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" and Mary Shelley's 1816 novel \"Frankenstein\". This is the first of three \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" direct-to-video films, and the first of three Universal Cartoon Studios productions to be animated overseas by Tama Productions in Tokyo, Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did the creator of Inspector Willoughby stop producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?
|
[
{
"id": 192989,
"question": "Inspector Willoughby >> creator",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 7051,
"question": "In what year did #1 cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?",
"answer": "1943",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
1943
|
[] | true |
2hop__627333_7051
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Woody Woodpecker",
"paragraph_text": "Woody was created in 1940 by Lantz and storyboard artist Ben ``Bugs ''Hardaway, who had previously laid the groundwork for two other screwball characters, Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck, at the Warner Bros. cartoon studio in the late 1930s. Woody's character and design evolved over the years, from an insane bird with an unusually garish design to a more refined looking and acting character in the vein of the later Chuck Jones version of Bugs Bunny. Woody was originally voiced by prolific voice actor Mel Blanc, who was succeeded by Danny Webb, Kent Rogers, Ben Hardaway and finally by Grace Stafford, wife of Walter Lantz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "1984 Stafford by-election",
"paragraph_text": "The Stafford by-election, 1984 was a parliamentary by-election held on 3 May 1984 for the British House of Commons constituency of Stafford.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Knighty Knight Bugs",
"paragraph_text": "Knighty Knight Bugs is a 1958 Warner Bros \"Looney Tunes\" cartoon directed by Friz Freleng, produced by Warner Bros. Cartoons and released by Warner Bros. Mel Blanc provided for the voices of all the characters in this cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mohammed Saeed Harib",
"paragraph_text": "Mohammed Saeed Harib (; born in 1978, in Dubai) is an animator from the United Arab Emirates, accredited as the creator and producer of \"FREEJ\"; an animated UAE cartoon series. Harib is a Northeastern University graduate, majoring in General Arts and Animation, and holds the distinction as the first 3D cartoon animator from the Middle East.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Dr. Devil and Mr. Hare",
"paragraph_text": "Dr. Devil and Mr. Hare is a Warner Bros. \"Merrie Melodies\" theatrical cartoon short released on March 28, 1964, starring Bugs Bunny and the Tasmanian Devil. It was directed by Robert McKimson. It was produced by David H. DePatie. The cartoon was animated by Ted Bonnicksen, Warren Batchelder, and George Grandpré. The cartoon was written by John Dunn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Henry Roy Brahana",
"paragraph_text": "H. Roy Brahana received his PhD from Princeton University in 1920 under the direction of Oswald Veblen. In the autumn of 1920, he joined the mathematics department of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and remained there until his retirement in 1963. Brahana was the editor for the publication by the University of Illinois Press of the collected works of George Abram Miller in 5 volumes, coming out in the years 1935, 1939, 1946, 1955, and 1959. The H. Roy Brahana Prize for undergraduates at U. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign was established in his honor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Tom and Jerry",
"paragraph_text": "Before 1954, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; in 1954 and 1955, some of the output was dually produced in dual versions: one Academy-ratio negative composed for a flat widescreen (1.75:1) format and one shot in the CinemaScope process. From 1955 until the close of the MGM cartoon studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope, some even had their soundtracks recorded in Perspecta directional audio. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were shot as successive color exposure negatives in Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor but returned to the standard Academy ratio and format. The 2005 short The Karate Guard was also filmed in the standard Academy ratio and format.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Universal Pictures",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, after almost 80 years, NBC Universal sold all Walt Disney-produced Oswald cartoons, along with the rights to the character himself, back to Disney. In return, Disney released ABC sportscaster Al Michaels from his contract so he could work on NBC's Sunday night NFL football package. However, Universal retained ownership of Oswald cartoons produced for them by Walter Lantz from 1929 to 1943.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Flowers and Trees",
"paragraph_text": "Flowers and Trees is a 1932 \"Silly Symphonies\" cartoon produced by Walt Disney, directed by Burt Gillett, and released to theatres by United Artists on July 30, 1932. It was the first commercially released film to be produced in the full-color three-strip Technicolor process after several years of two-color Technicolor films. The film was a commercial and critical success, winning the first Academy Award for Best Cartoon Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Donal Logue",
"paragraph_text": "Donal Logue Logue in 2014 Donal Francis Logue (1965 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1965 (age 53) or (1966 - 02 - 27) February 27, 1966 (age 52) (sources vary) Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Citizenship United States, Canada, Ireland Education Harvard University Occupation Actor Director Producer Writer Years active 1992 -- present Known for Lee Toric (Sons of Anarchy) Sean Finnerty (Grounded for Life) King Horik (Vikings) Harvey Bullock (Gotham) Spouse (s) Kasey Walker (divorced) Children",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Oswald Watt",
"paragraph_text": "In his will, Watt left two bequests to the Australian Aero Club, one of which was used to establish the Oswald Watt Gold Medal for outstanding achievement in Australian aviation. Winners of the award have included Charles Kingsford Smith, Bert Hinkler, Henry Millicer, Ivor McIntyre, Jon Johanson and Andy Thomas. He also bequeathed a sum to the Royal Military College, Duntroon, to award annually a set of binoculars for the best cadet essay on military aviation or aeronautics. The award was founded as the Oswald Watt Prize later in 1921. Most of the residue of Watt's estate went to the University of Sydney. Considered one of the university's great benefactors, he was commemorated by the Oswald Watt Fund. In May 1923, the Oswald Watt Wing of the Havilah Home for Orphans, Wahroonga, was opened by the Governor-General of Australia. Watt was acknowledged as both a source and a reviewer by F.M. Cutlack in the latter's volume on the Australian Flying Corps that was first published in 1923 as part of the \"Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918\". During World War I, Oswald Watt had been the only AFC officer to command a wing apart from Lieutenant Colonel Richard Williams, who was later to become known as the \"Father of the RAAF\". In 2001, military historian Alan Stephens noted that \"had fate drawn him to a post-war career in the Air Force instead of to business and an untimely death, 'Toby' Watt might have challenged Richard Williams as the RAAF's dominant figure in its formative years\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Phyllis Summers",
"paragraph_text": "Phyllis Summers is a fictional character from \"The Young and the Restless\", an American soap opera on the CBS network. The character was created and introduced by William J. Bell, and debuted in the episode airing on October 17, 1994. Phyllis was originally and most notably portrayed by actress Michelle Stafford, until August 2013 (other than Sandra Nelson portraying Phyllis for nearly two years, until Stafford was brought back by former head writer, Kay Alden, in 2000). Stafford has been praised for her portrayal, for which she has won two Daytime Emmy Awards, but left the series after nearly sixteen years, with the character being written into a coma; Stafford last appeared on August 2, 2013. The role passed to Gina Tognoni, who debuted on August 11, 2014, and continued for nearly five years until she departed in June 2019, when Stafford re-claimed the role.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Hard Luck Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Hard Luck Duck is a \"What a Cartoon!\" animated cartoon directed by William Hanna, produced by Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, and broadcast as a part of \"World Premiere Toons\" on Cartoon Network on April 16, 1995. The cartoon involves Hard Luck Duck (Russi Taylor), after venturing away from Crocodile Harley (Brad Garrett)'s watch, is a hungry fox (Jim Cummings)'s target to be cooked.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Grace Stafford",
"paragraph_text": "Gracie Lantz (born Grace Boyle, November 7, 1903 – March 17, 1992), also known by her stage name Grace Stafford, was an American actress and the wife of animation producer Walter Lantz. Stafford is best known for providing the voice of Woody Woodpecker, a creation of Lantz's, from 1950 to 1991.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Regular Show: The Movie",
"paragraph_text": "Regular Show: The Movie is a 2015 American animated science - fiction buddy comedy film based on the Cartoon Network original series, Regular Show. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios and had its television premiere on November 25, 2015 on Cartoon Network.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Darlene Remembers Duke, Jonathan Plays Fats",
"paragraph_text": "Darlene Remembers Duke, Jonathan Plays Fats is a 1982 album by Jo Stafford and Paul Weston in which they perform in character as Jonathan and Darlene Edwards. The duo put their own unique interpretation on the music of Duke Ellington and Fats Waller with Stafford singing deliberately off key, while Weston plays an out of tune piano. The album was issued by Corinthian Records (COR-117). \"Billboard\" reviewed the album when it was newly released, saying, \"the sounds they achieve may well lead to another Grammy for the duo next year.\" Stafford and Weston, in their personas of Jonathan and Darlene Edwards, were interviewed by \"Los Angeles Magazine\" following the release of the album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Oswald of Worcester",
"paragraph_text": "Oswald of Worcester (died 29 February 992) was Archbishop of York from 972 to his death in 992. He was of Danish ancestry, but brought up by his uncle, Oda, who sent him to France to the abbey of Fleury to become a monk. After a number of years at Fleury, Oswald returned to England at the request of his uncle, who died before Oswald returned. With his uncle's death, Oswald needed a patron and turned to another kinsman, Oskytel, who had recently become Archbishop of York. His activity for Oskytel attracted the notice of Archbishop Dunstan who had Oswald consecrated as Bishop of Worcester in 961. In 972, Oswald was promoted to the see of York, although he continued to hold Worcester also.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Salt Water Tabby",
"paragraph_text": "Salt Water Tabby is a 1947 one-reel animated cartoon and is the 31st \"Tom and Jerry\" short. It was produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on July 12, 1947 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. The cartoon was animated by Ed Barge, Michael Lah (who later directed Droopy cartoons) and Kenneth Muse, with additional animation by Ray Patterson (uncredited). \"Salt Water Tabby\" was scored by Scott Bradley, produced by Fred Quimby, and directed and written by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford (18 September 1501 – 30 April 1563) was born in Penshurst, Kent, eldest son of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham and Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Buckingham. Eleanor (or Alianore) was the daughter of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland and Maud Herbert, Countess of Northumberland. After his father's execution he managed to regain some of his family's position and he was created Baron Stafford in 1547.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein",
"paragraph_text": "Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet Frankenstein is a 1999 American animated comedy horror film produced by Bagdasarian Productions, LLC. and Universal Cartoon Studios and distributed by Universal Studios Home Video. It is directed by Kathi Castillo, written by John Loy and based on characters from \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" and Mary Shelley's 1816 novel \"Frankenstein\". This is the first of three \"Alvin and the Chipmunks\" direct-to-video films, and the first of three Universal Cartoon Studios productions to be animated overseas by Tama Productions in Tokyo, Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did Grace Stafford's spouse cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?
|
[
{
"id": 627333,
"question": "Grace Stafford >> spouse",
"answer": "Walter Lantz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 7051,
"question": "In what year did #1 cease producing Oswald cartoons for Universal?",
"answer": "1943",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
1943
|
[] | true |
2hop__649719_3001
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Khyapar Gaan",
"paragraph_text": "Khyapar Gaan (Songs of the loony) was the last album of the Bengali band Moheener Ghoraguli. It was released in 1999. Their song \"Tai Janai Gaaney (Bhalobashi Tomay)\" is based on (both in terms of lyrics and tune) the Jim Croce song \"I'll Have To Say I Love You In A Song\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Welcome to Wherever You Are (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Welcome to Wherever You Are\" is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi from their 2005 album, \"Have a Nice Day\". It was released as the album's third single in the US, following \"Have a Nice Day\" and \"Who Says You Can't Go Home\", while worldwide it was released as the album's second single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Natasha Lyonne",
"paragraph_text": "Natasha Bianca Lyonne Braunstein (born April 4, 1979), better known as Natasha Lyonne, is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Nicky Nichols on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black, for which she received a nomination for the 2014 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series, and Jessica in the American Pie film series. Her other films include Everyone Says I Love You (1996), Slums of Beverly Hills (1998), and But I'm a Cheerleader (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Saying Sorry",
"paragraph_text": "\"Saying Sorry\" is a song by American rock band Hawthorne Heights. It was released on May 22, 2006 as the debut single from their second studio album, \"If Only You Were Lonely\". \"Saying Sorry\" was released to radio on January 31, 2006. The song peaked at #7 on the \"Billboard\" Alternative Songs Chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol (season 11)",
"paragraph_text": "The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Star Wars Day",
"paragraph_text": "Apocryphally, the reference was first used on May 4, 1979, the day Margaret Thatcher took office as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. An online news article from the Danish public broadcaster says her political party, the Conservatives, placed a congratulatory advertisement in The London Evening News, saying ``May the Fourth Be with You, Maggie. Congratulations. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing \"image concerns\". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Say You, Say Me",
"paragraph_text": "\"Say You, Say Me\" is a song written and recorded by Lionel Richie for the film \"White Nights\", starring Mikhail Baryshnikov and Gregory Hines. The single hit number 1 in the US and on the R&B singles chart in December 1985. It became Richie's ninth number one on the \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary chart. The track is not available on the soundtrack album to the film, because Motown did not want Richie's first single since the \"Can't Slow Down\" album to appear on another record label. It finally appeared on the \"Dancing on the Ceiling\" album released in 1986.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones",
"paragraph_text": "Number of singles Artist Biggest number - one † 20 The Beatles ``Hey Jude ''18 Elvis Presley ‡`` Do n't Be Cruel'' / ``Hound Dog ''Mariah Carey`` We Belong Together'' 14 Rihanna ``We Found Love ''13 Michael Jackson`` Say Say Say'' (duet with Paul McCartney) 12 The Supremes ``Love Child ''Madonna`` Like a Virgin'' 11 Whitney Houston ``I Will Always Love You ''10 Stevie Wonder`` Ebony and Ivory'' (duet with Paul McCartney) Janet Jackson ``Miss You Much ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me",
"paragraph_text": "``(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me ''is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fifth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles`` Fake'', ``Criticize '',`` Never Knew Love Like This'', and ``The Lovers '',`` (What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me'' was released as the album's fifth single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "When You Walk in the Room",
"paragraph_text": "``When You Walk in the Room ''is a song written and recorded by Jackie DeShannon, released as a single on November 23, 1963 as the B - Side to`` Till You Say You'll Be Mine''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Who Says (John Mayer song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Who Says\" is the thirteenth single released by American singer-songwriter John Mayer, and the first to be released from his fourth studio album, \"Battle Studies\". It is Mayer's first studio recorded single release since \"Say\" in 2007. On September 25, 2009, \"Who Says\" was released on John Mayer's official website.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "I'll Have to Say I Love You in a Song",
"paragraph_text": "\"I'll Have to Say I Love You in a Song\" is the title of a posthumously-released single by the American singer-songwriter Jim Croce. The song was written by Croce and was originally released on his album \"I Got a Name\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Say Something",
"paragraph_text": "``Say Something ''is a song by American indie pop duo A Great Big World from their debut album, Is There Anybody Out There? (2013). Written by the duo members -- Ian Axel and Chad King -- alongside Mike Campbell, the song was originally recorded by Axel for his solo album This Is the New Year (2011). It was later released as a single by the duo on September 3, 2013, by Epic Records. Following its usage on American reality TV show So You Think You Can Dance, the track gained attention from singer Christina Aguilera, who wanted to collaborate with A Great Big World on the song. Quickly afterwards, a re-recorded version of`` Say Something'' with Aguilera was released on November 4, 2013.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What season was the lyricist of Say You, Say Me a guest judge on American Idol?
|
[
{
"id": 649719,
"question": "Say You, Say Me >> lyrics by",
"answer": "Lionel Richie",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 3001,
"question": "In what season was #1 a guest judge on American Idol?",
"answer": "season two",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
season two
|
[] | true |
2hop__678812_83906
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Udny Yule",
"paragraph_text": "George Udny Yule FRS (18 February 1871 – 26 June 1951), usually known as Udny Yule, was a British statistician, born at Beech Hill, a house in Morham near Haddington, Scotland and died in Cambridge, England. He came from an established Scottish family composed of army officers, civil servants, scholars, and administrators. His father, Sir George Udny Yule (1813–1886) was a brother of the noted orientalist Sir Henry Yule (1820–1889).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Jungle Book (1967 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Phil Harris as Baloo, a sloth bear who leads a carefree life and believes in letting the good things in life come by themselves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "George Fierstone",
"paragraph_text": "Fierstone played with a traveling revue in 1931, then played in London with such bandleaders as Bert Ambrose, Harry Roy, Sid Millward (1938), Frank Weir (1944), and Harry Hayes (1944–46). During this time he also did copious work as a studio musician and played in the Heralds of Swing in 1939. He worked in an RAF dance band during World War II, and after the war's end this ensemble performed and recorded as The Skyrockets from 1946 to 1953, accompanying Ella Fitzgerald and Frank Sinatra among others. He continued to work freelance into the 1980s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Love and Pain and the Whole Damn Thing",
"paragraph_text": "Love and Pain and the Whole Damn Thing is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Alan J. Pakula. It is often categorized as a drama, but contains many comic elements. Maggie Smith and Timothy Bottoms star.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Grammy Award records",
"paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Awards Alison Krauss 27 Beyoncé 22 Aretha Franklin 18 Adele 15 Alicia Keys 6 Ella Fitzgerald 13 Leontyne Price Emmylou Harris 9 Shirley Caesar 11 10 Chaka Khan 10 Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Taylor Swift CeCe Winans 15 Mary J. Blige 9 Natalie Cole Sheryl Crow Norah Jones Hillary Scott",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Fitzgerald -- on Ella Fitzgerald Sings the George and Ira Gershwin Songbook (1959), on the 1983 Pablo release Nice Work If You Can Get It, and in a 1957 duet with Louis Armstrong on Ella and Louis Again.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Ellis Larkins",
"paragraph_text": "Ellis Larkins (May 15, 1923 – September 30, 2002) was an American jazz pianist born in Baltimore, Maryland, perhaps best known for his two recordings with Ella Fitzgerald: the albums \"Ella Sings Gershwin\" (1950) and \"Songs in a Mellow Mood\" (1954). He was also the leader in the first solo sides by singer Chris Connor on her album \"Chris\" (1954).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Let's Get Loud",
"paragraph_text": "``Let's Get Loud ''Single by Jennifer Lopez from the album On the 6 B - side`` Feelin 'So Good'' Released June 9, 2000 Format CD single maxi single 12 ''vinyl Recorded 1999 Genre Latin dance Salsa Length 3: 58 Label Columbia Work Songwriter (s) Gloria Estefan Kike Santander Producer (s) Emilio Estefan, Jr. Kike Santander Jennifer Lopez singles chronology ``Feelin' So Good'' (2000)`` Let's Get Loud ''(2000) ``Love Do n't Cost a Thing'' (2000)`` Feelin 'So Good ''(2000) ``Let's Get Loud'' (2000)`` Love Do n't Cost a Thing ''(2000)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Waiting for the Moon (musical)",
"paragraph_text": "Waiting for the Moon: An American Love Story, formerly Zelda or Scott & Zelda: The Other Side Of Paradise, is a musical with music by Frank Wildhorn and lyrics by Jack Murphy. It is the second finished production the two have presented, having previously collaborated on \"The Civil War\". The show had its world premiere at the Lenape Regional Performing Arts Center in Marlton, New Jersey in July 2005. The musical is based on the lives of famed American author F. Scott Fitzgerald and his wife, Zelda Fitzgerald.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Grammy Award records",
"paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Awards Alison Krauss 27 Beyoncé 22 Aretha Franklin 18 Adele 15 Alicia Keys 6 Ella Fitzgerald 13 Leontyne Price Emmylou Harris 9 CeCe Winans 12 10 Shirley Caesar 11 11 Chaka Khan 10 Bonnie Raitt Linda Ronstadt Taylor Swift 15 Mary J. Blige 9 Natalie Cole Sheryl Crow Norah Jones Hillary Scott Rihanna",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Happily N'Ever After",
"paragraph_text": "Ella is a girl who is better known as Cinderella (Sarah Michelle Gellar). She lives as a servant to her step family, dreams of the Prince (Patrick Warburton) who will sweep her off her feet. Her best friend at the palace is Rick (Freddie Prinze, Jr.), the palace dishwasher. Rick takes it upon himself to deliver the invitations to the royal ball to Ella. Ella sees Rick only as a friend, but Rick secretly loves Ella, although he is too cool and proud to admit it. Rick ca n't really understand what Ella likes about the Prince. Rick's Three Amigos, the comic chefs (all voiced by Phil Proctor, Rob Paulsen and Tom Kenny) in the palace kitchen, believe that Rick has a bad case of ``Prince envy ''. The Prince does everything by the book, and plans to meet his maiden at the ball.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Thing (The Addams Family)",
"paragraph_text": "Thing T. Thing, often referred to as just Thing, is a fictional character in The Addams Family series. Thing was originally conceived as a whole creature (always seen in the background watching the family) that was too horrible to see in person. The only part of it that was tolerable was its human hand (this can be seen in the 1964 television series). The Addamses called it ``Thing ''because it was something that could not be identified. Thing was changed to a disembodied hand for the 1991 and 1993 Addams Family movies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Queen Esther Marrow",
"paragraph_text": "Queen Esther Marrow was born in Newport News, Virginia. She began her career at the age of 22, when her talent and vocal gifts were discovered by Duke Ellington and made her debut as a featured artist in his \"Sacred Concert\" world tour. Marrow and Ellington formed a long-life friendship during the next four years while touring together. Queen has since performed with such musical greats as Lena Horne, Ella Fitzgerald, B.B. King, Ray Charles, Thelonious Monk, Chick Corea and Bob Dylan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cool Yule (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Cool Yule\" is a 1953 Christmas song written by Steve Allen and introduced by Louis Armstrong. It was covered by Roseanna Vitro in 1986 on her album \"\" (released 1999), by Bette Midler in 2006 for her album \"Cool Yule\", and by The Brian Setzer Orchestra on their 2005 album \"Dig That Crazy Christmas\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald",
"paragraph_text": "``The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald ''is a song written, composed, and performed by Canadian singer - songwriter Gordon Lightfoot to commemorate the sinking of the bulk carrier SS Edmund Fitzgerald on Lake Superior on November 10, 1975. Lightfoot drew his inspiration from Newsweek's article on the event,`` The Cruelest Month'', which it published in its November 24, 1975, issue. Lightfoot considers this song to be his finest work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Are U Still Down",
"paragraph_text": "``Are U Still Down ''Promotional single by Jon B. featuring 2Pac from the album Cool Relax Released January 13, 1998 (1998 - 01 - 13) Format 12'' CD cassette Recorded 1996 (1996) Genre Hip hop R&B Length 4: 27 Label Yab Yum 550 Music Songwriter (s) Jonathan Buck Tupac Shakur Johnny Jackson Producer (s) Tupac Shakur Johnny Jackson Cool Relax track listing 15 tracks`` Shine ''``Bad Girl''`` Do n't Say ''``They Do n't Know''`` Ca n't Help It ''``Cool Relax''`` Are U Still Down ''``Pride & Joy''`` I Do (Whatcha Say Boo) ''``Let Me Know''`` I Ai n't Going Out ''``Let's Go'' (Interlude)`` Can We Get Down ''``Love Hurts''`` Tu Amor ''Music video ``Are U Still Down'' on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Madonna (entertainer)",
"paragraph_text": "Possessing a mezzo-soprano vocal range, Madonna has always been self-conscious about her voice, especially in comparison to her vocal idols such as Ella Fitzgerald, Prince, and Chaka Khan. Mark Bego, author of Madonna: Blonde Ambition, called her \"the perfect vocalist for lighter-than-air songs\", despite not being a \"heavyweight talent.\" According to MSNBC critic Tony Sclafani, \"Madonna's vocals are the key to her rock roots. Pop vocalists usually sing songs \"straight,\" but Madonna employs subtext, irony, aggression and all sorts of vocal idiosyncrasies in the ways John Lennon and Bob Dylan did.\" Madonna used a bright, girlish vocal timbre in her early albums which became passé in her later works. The change was deliberate since she was constantly reminded of how the critics had once labelled her as \"Minnie Mouse on helium\". During the filming of Evita, Madonna had to take vocal lessons, which increased her range further. Of this experience she commented, \"I studied with a vocal coach for Evita and I realized there was a whole piece of my voice I wasn't using. Before, I just believed I had a really limited range and was going to make the most of it.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ella Sings Broadway",
"paragraph_text": "Ella Sings Broadway is a 1963 (see 1963 in music) studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald, with an orchestra arranged and conducted by the American bandleader Marty Paich. Ella had previously recorded with Paich and his more familiar Dek-tette on the 1957 album \"Ella Swings Lightly\", and was to record with him again on her 1967 album \"Whisper Not\". Shortly before the sessions for \" Ella Sings Broadway \", Ella had recorded two singles with Marty Paich, the Antonio Carlos Jobim song 'Desafinado' and a Bossa Nova version of the jazz standard 'Stardust'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Adventures in Jazz",
"paragraph_text": "Adventures in Jazz is a 1949 CBS television show. The program was broadcast live, showcasing jazz musicians and singers. Ella Fitzgerald, Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Charlie Parker, Count Basie and June Christy made appearances on the short-lived series, with a total of 23 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Real Cool World",
"paragraph_text": "\"Real Cool World\" is a song from the soundtrack of the film \"Cool World\", performed by David Bowie. Released on 10 August 1992, it represented his first new solo material since Tin Machine dissolved.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the performer of Cool Yule perform Let's Call The Whole Thing Off with Ella Fitzgerald?
|
[
{
"id": 678812,
"question": "Cool Yule >> performer",
"answer": "Louis Armstrong",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 83906,
"question": "#1 ella fitzgerald let's call the whole thing off",
"answer": "1957",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
1957
|
[] | true |
2hop__14164_14184
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Automatic Duck",
"paragraph_text": "Automatic Duck was founded in 2001 by Harry Plate and Wes Plate, father and son respectively. Before this time the junior Plate has been working as a video editor and frequently needed the ability to translate Avid sequences into After Effects. Wes was quite familiar with the OMFI file format and knew if After Effects could be made to read OMF it would open many possibilities for editors around the world. Harry's career was as a software engineer, having worked for Texas Instruments, Hewlett Packard and Agilent Technologies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "William Doud Packard",
"paragraph_text": "William Doud Packard (November 3, 1861 – November 11, 1923) was an American automobile manufacturer who founded the Packard Motor Car Company and Packard Electric Company with his brother James Ward Packard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Macintosh",
"paragraph_text": "By March 2011, the market share of OS X in North America had increased to slightly over 14%. Whether the size of the Mac's market share and installed base is relevant, and to whom, is a hotly debated issue. Industry pundits have often called attention to the Mac's relatively small market share to predict Apple's impending doom, particularly in the early and mid-1990s when the company's future seemed bleakest. Others argue that market share is the wrong way to judge the Mac's success. Apple has positioned the Mac as a higher-end personal computer, and so it may be misleading to compare it to a budget PC. Because the overall market for personal computers has grown rapidly, the Mac's increasing sales numbers are effectively swamped by the industry's expanding sales volume as a whole. Apple's small market share, then, gives the impression that fewer people are using Macs than did ten years ago, when exactly the opposite is true. Soaring sales of the iPhone and iPad mean that the portion of Apple's profits represented by the Macintosh has declined in 2010, dropping to 24% from 46% two years earlier. Others try to de-emphasize market share, citing that it is rarely brought up in other industries. Regardless of the Mac's market share, Apple has remained profitable since Steve Jobs' return and the company's subsequent reorganization. Notably, a report published in the first quarter of 2008 found that Apple had a 14% market share in the personal computer market in the US, including 66% of all computers over $1,000. Market research indicates that Apple draws its customer base from a higher-income demographic than the mainstream personal computer market.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "HP Prime",
"paragraph_text": "The HP Prime is a graphing calculator introduced by Hewlett-Packard in 2013 and currently manufactured by HP Inc. It was designed with features resembling those of smartphones, such as a full-color touchscreen display and the ability to expand functionality by means of downloadable applications. It claims to be the world's smallest and thinnest CAS-enabled calculator currently available.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "IPod",
"paragraph_text": "In September 2007, during a lawsuit with patent holding company Burst.com, Apple drew attention to a patent for a similar device that was developed in 1979. Kane Kramer applied for a UK patent for his design of a \"plastic music box\" in 1981, which he called the IXI. He was unable to secure funding to renew the US$120,000 worldwide patent, so it lapsed and Kramer never profited from his idea.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Siri",
"paragraph_text": "In June 2016, The Verge's Sean O'Kane wrote about the then - upcoming major iOS 10 updates, with a headline stating ``Siri's big upgrades wo n't matter if it ca n't understand its users ''. O'Kane wrote that`` What Apple did n't talk about was solving Siri's biggest, most basic flaws: it's still not very good at voice recognition, and when it gets it right, the results are often clunky. And these problems look even worse when you consider that Apple now has full - fledged competitors in this space: Amazon's Alexa, Microsoft's Cortana, and Google's Assistant.'' Also writing for The Verge, Walt Mossberg had previously questioned Apple's efforts in cloud - based services, writing:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "On November 17, 2014, Students for Fair Admissions, an offshoot of the Project on Fair Representation, filed lawsuits in federal district court challenging the admissions practices of Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The UNC-Chapel Hill lawsuit alleges discrimination against white and Asian students, while the Harvard lawsuit focuses on discrimination against Asian applicants. Both universities requested the court to halt the lawsuits until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law by ruling in Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin for the second time. This Supreme Court case will likely be decided in June 2016 or slightly earlier.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Bristol Technology",
"paragraph_text": "Bristol Technology Inc. was a software development company founded in January 1991 by Keith, Ken, and Jean Blackwell. The company's original product idea, Wind/U, was an implementation of the Windows API (application programming interface) on non-Windows operating systems (such as UNIX). In March 2007, Bristol was purchased by the information technology corporation Hewlett-Packard for an undisclosed amount.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "LightScribe",
"paragraph_text": "LightScribe is an optical disc recording technology that was created by the Hewlett-Packard Company. It uses specially coated recordable CD and DVD media to produce laser-etched labels with text or graphics, as opposed to stick-on labels and printable discs. Although HP is no longer developing the technology, it is still maintained and supported by a number of independent enthusiasts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "IPod",
"paragraph_text": "On January 8, 2004, Hewlett-Packard (HP) announced that they would sell HP-branded iPods under a license agreement from Apple. Several new retail channels were used—including Wal-Mart—and these iPods eventually made up 5% of all iPod sales. In July 2005, HP stopped selling iPods due to unfavorable terms and conditions imposed by Apple.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Macintosh",
"paragraph_text": "In 1988, Apple sued Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard on the grounds that they infringed Apple's copyrighted GUI, citing (among other things) the use of rectangular, overlapping, and resizable windows. After four years, the case was decided against Apple, as were later appeals. Apple's actions were criticized by some in the software community, including the Free Software Foundation (FSF), who felt Apple was trying to monopolize on GUIs in general, and boycotted GNU software for the Macintosh platform for seven years.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Dell",
"paragraph_text": "From 1997 to 2004, Dell enjoyed steady growth and it gained market share from competitors even during industry slumps. During the same period, rival PC vendors such as Compaq, Gateway, IBM, Packard Bell, and AST Research struggled and eventually left the market or were bought out. Dell surpassed Compaq to become the largest PC manufacturer in 1999. Operating costs made up only 10 percent of Dell's $35 billion in revenue in 2002, compared with 21 percent of revenue at Hewlett-Packard, 25 percent at Gateway, and 46 percent at Cisco. In 2002, when Compaq merged with Hewlett Packard (the fourth-place PC maker), the newly combined Hewlett Packard took the top spot but struggled and Dell soon regained its lead. Dell grew the fastest in the early 2000s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sudhir Shivaram",
"paragraph_text": "Sudhir Shivaram grew up in Karnataka and became interested in wildlife photography in 1993 whilst studying engineering in Malnad College of Engineering in Hassan, Karnataka. After graduation, he worked for Hewlett-Packard as an engineer and later at APC. Currently, he is a full-time photography teacher, conducting Wildlife Photography Tours and Workshops. He was named Sanctuary Asia's \"Wildlife Photographer of the Year\" for the year 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Page description language",
"paragraph_text": "In digital printing a page description language (PDL) is a computer language that describes the appearance of a printed page in a higher level than an actual output bitmap. An overlapping term is printer control language, which includes Hewlett - Packard's Printer Command Language (PCL). PostScript is one of the most noted page description languages. The markup language adaptation of the PDL is the page description markup language.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "OzGirl",
"paragraph_text": "\"OzGirl\" established a \"solid audience across a range of platforms including Fairfax Digital, Virgin Australia, KoldCast TV, Apple iTunes, Microsoft Zune and TiVo.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Macintosh",
"paragraph_text": "Apple has generally dominated the premium PC market, having a 91 percent market share for PCs priced at more than $1,000 in 2009, according to NPD. The Macintosh took 45 percent of operating profits in the PC industry during Q4 2012, compared to 13 percent for Dell, seven percent for Hewlett Packard, six percent for Lenovo and Asus, and one percent for Acer. While sales of the Macintosh have largely held steady, in comparison to Apple's sales of the iPhone and iPad which increased significantly during the 2010s, Macintosh computers still enjoy high margins on a per unit basis, with the majority being their MacBooks that are focused on the ultraportable niche that is the most profitable and only growing segment of PCs. It also helped that the Macintosh lineup is simple, updated on a yearly schedule, and consistent across both Apple retail stores, and authorized resellers where they have a special \"store within a store\" section to distinguish them from Windows PCs. In contrast, Windows PC manufacturers generally have a wide range of offerings, selling only a portion through retail with a full selection on the web, and often with limited-time or region-specific models. The Macintosh ranked third on the \"list of intended brands for desktop purchases\" for the 2011 holiday season, then moved up to second in 2012 by displacing Hewlett Packard, and in 2013 took the top spot ahead of Dell.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Ann Baskins",
"paragraph_text": "Ann O'Neil Baskins (born August 5, 1955 in Red Bluff, California, USA) is former General Counsel for Hewlett-Packard Company (HP). Baskins was linked to the HP pretexting scandal. On September 28, 2006, following public disclosure of the matter, Baskins resigned effective immediately, hours before she was to appear as a witness before the House Committee on Energy and Commerce at which she would later invoke the Fifth Amendment to \"not be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime.\" Baskins was never charged by California or federal authorities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "HP Technology Services",
"paragraph_text": "HP Technology Services is a business unit within the HP Enterprise Business division of Hewlett-Packard (HP), a large information technology (IT) vendor. HP Technology Services provides IT design, planning, implementation, integration and maintenance services and support for organizations and government agencies. The group also offers business and technology consulting services.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "OpenType",
"paragraph_text": "OpenType's origins date to Microsoft's attempt to license Apple's advanced typography technology GX Typography in the early 1990s. Those negotiations failed, motivating Microsoft to forge ahead with its own technology, dubbed \"TrueType Open\" in 1994. Adobe joined Microsoft in those efforts in 1996, adding support for the glyph outline technology used in its Type 1 fonts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Windows 8",
"paragraph_text": "In May 2013, Microsoft launched a new television campaign for Windows 8 illustrating the capabilities and pricing of Windows 8 tablets in comparison to the iPad, which featured the voice of Siri remarking on the iPad's limitations in a parody of Apple's \"Get a Mac\" advertisements. On June 12, 2013 during game 1 of the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals, Microsoft premiered the first ad in its \"Windows Everywhere\" campaign, which promoted Windows 8, Windows Phone 8, and the company's suite of online services as an interconnected platform.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Whose return to the company that lost a lawsuit vs. Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard, resulted in that company's reorganization?
|
[
{
"id": 14164,
"question": "How was the lawsuit decided for Apple vs. Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard?",
"answer": "against Apple",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 14184,
"question": "Whose return to #1 resulted in the company's reorganization?",
"answer": "Steve Jobs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Steve Jobs
|
[] | true |
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