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Datasets:
google
/
smol

Tasks:
Translation
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
json
Languages:
Afar
Abkhaz
Achinese
Size:
100K - 1M
ArXiv:
Libraries:
Datasets
pandas
License:
Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
2
smol / README.md
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metadata
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
  - translation
pretty_name: Smol
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K
language:
  - aa
  - ab
  - ace
  - ach
  - ady
  - aeb
  - af
  - ahr
  - aii
  - ak
  - alz
  - am
  - apc
  - apd
  - ar
  - arn
  - arz
  - as
  - av
  - awa
  - ay
  - ayl
  - ba
  - bal
  - ban
  - bbc
  - bci
  - bem
  - ber
  - bew
  - bfq
  - bfy
  - bgq
  - bho
  - bik
  - bjn
  - bm
  - bns
  - bo
  - br
  - bra
  - brx
  - bts
  - btx
  - bua
  - bug
  - ccp
  - ce
  - cgg
  - ch
  - chk
  - chm
  - ckb
  - cnh
  - crh
  - crs
  - ctg
  - cv
  - dhd
  - din
  - doi
  - dov
  - dv
  - dyu
  - dz
  - ee
  - efi
  - en
  - es
  - fa
  - ff
  - fj
  - fo
  - fon
  - fr
  - fur
  - gaa
  - gn
  - gom
  - grt
  - ha
  - hi
  - hil
  - hne
  - hoc
  - hrx
  - iba
  - ig
  - ilo
  - iso
  - iu
  - jam
  - kaa
  - kac
  - kbd
  - kek
  - kfy
  - kg
  - kha
  - ki
  - kl
  - kr
  - kri
  - kru
  - ks
  - ktu
  - kv
  - lep
  - lg
  - li
  - lif
  - lij
  - lmo
  - ln
  - ltg
  - lu
  - lua
  - luo
  - lus
  - mad
  - mag
  - mai
  - mak
  - mam
  - meo
  - mfe
  - mg
  - mh
  - min
  - mjl
  - mni
  - mos
  - ms
  - mtr
  - mwr
  - nd
  - ndc
  - ne
  - new
  - nhe
  - noe
  - nr
  - nso
  - nus
  - nv
  - ny
  - oc
  - om
  - os
  - pa
  - pag
  - pam
  - pap
  - pcm
  - pt
  - qu
  - quc
  - rhg
  - rn
  - rom
  - rw
  - sa
  - sah
  - sat
  - scl
  - scn
  - sd
  - se
  - sg
  - sgj
  - shn
  - sjp
  - skr
  - sn
  - so
  - spv
  - ss
  - st
  - sus
  - sw
  - syl
  - szl
  - tcy
  - tet
  - ti
  - tiv
  - tn
  - to
  - tpi
  - trp
  - ts
  - tum
  - ty
  - tyv
  - udm
  - unr
  - ve
  - vec
  - war
  - wbr
  - wo
  - xh
  - xnr
  - xsr
  - yo
  - yua
  - yue
  - zap
  - zh
  - zu
  - zza
configs:
  - config_name: smolsent__en_es
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_es.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_qu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_qu.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ay
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ay.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_gn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_gn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_bo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_bo.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_brx
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_brx.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_pa-Arab
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_pa-Arab.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sat-Latn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sat-Latn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sat
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sat.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sa.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ks
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ks.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ks-Deva
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ks-Deva.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_yue
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_yue.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_lus
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_lus.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ff
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ff.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_kl
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_kl.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_mni-Mtei
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_mni-Mtei.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_af
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_af.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_am
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_am.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ny
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ny.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ha
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ha.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ig
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ig.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_rw
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_rw.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ln
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ln.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_luo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_luo.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_pcm
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_pcm.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_om
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_om.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_nso
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_nso.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_st
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_st.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sw
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sw.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ber-Latn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ber-Latn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ak
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ak.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_zu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_zu.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_wo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_wo.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_so
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_so.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_nd
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_nd.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_mg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_mg.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_din
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_din.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_gaa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_gaa.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_xh
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_xh.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ts
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ts.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_lg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_lg.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_bm
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_bm.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_arz
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_arz.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ve
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ve.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_efi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_efi.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_dyu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_dyu.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_tn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_tn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_rn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_rn.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_tiv
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_tiv.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_mfe
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_mfe.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ti
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ti.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_sus
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_sus.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ndc
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ndc.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ki
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ki.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_cgg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_cgg.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_bem
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_bem.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_tum
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_tum.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_nr
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_nr.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_kr
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_kr.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_fon
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_fon.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_yo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_yo.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ee
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ee.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ar-MA
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ar-MA.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_apd
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_apd.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ss
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ss.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ayl
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ayl.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ktu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ktu.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_aeb
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_aeb.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_aa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_aa.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_lu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_lu.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ach
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ach.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_alz
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_alz.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_bci
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_bci.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_dov
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_dov.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_kg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_kg.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_mos
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_mos.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_nqo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_nqo.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_ber
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_ber.jsonl
  - config_name: smolsent__en_kri
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smolsent/en_kri.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ki
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ki.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ach
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ach.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_aa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_aa.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_bem
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_bem.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_cgg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_cgg.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_din
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_din.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_fon
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_fon.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_gaa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_gaa.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_kr
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_kr.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_lu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_lu.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_mfe
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_mfe.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_rn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_rn.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_nr
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_nr.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ts
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ts.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_tn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_tn.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_aeb
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_aeb.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ve
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ve.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_alz
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_alz.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_dov
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_dov.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_dyu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_dyu.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ayl
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ayl.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ndc
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ndc.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_nd
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_nd.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_tum
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_tum.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_bci
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_bci.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ktu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ktu.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_kg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_kg.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_apd
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_apd.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ss
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ss.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_efi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_efi.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_tiv
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_tiv.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_mos
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_mos.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_sus
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_sus.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_nqo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_nqo.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_am
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_am.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_sw
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_sw.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_yo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_yo.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ha
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ha.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_yue
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_yue.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ig
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ig.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_mg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_mg.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_om
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_om.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_xh
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_xh.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ny
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ny.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ln
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ln.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_wo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_wo.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_sn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_sn.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_rw
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_rw.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_st
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_st.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ff
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ff.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_lg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_lg.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_luo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_luo.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_scn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_scn.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ar-MA
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ar-MA.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ti
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ti.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_zu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_zu.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ak
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ak.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_arz
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_arz.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_bm
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_bm.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_so
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_so.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_pcm
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_pcm.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_nso
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_nso.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_af
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_af.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ee
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ee.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_kri
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_kri.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ber-Latn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ber-Latn.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_ber
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_ber.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_kru
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_kru.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_hoc-Wara
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: smoldoc/en_hoc-Wara.jsonl
  - config_name: smoldoc__en_bra
    data_files:
      - split: train
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  - config_name: gatitos__en_sat-Latn
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  - config_name: gatitos__en_syl
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_syl.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_nus
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_nus.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ks-Deva
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ks-Deva.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_new
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_new.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_lg
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_lg.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ay
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ay.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_es
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_es.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_as
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_as.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_doi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_doi.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ckb
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ckb.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ee
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ee.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_gn
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_gn.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_qu
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_qu.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_gom
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_gom.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ilo
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ilo.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_kri
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_kri.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_kl
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_kl.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_lus
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_lus.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_fr
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_fr.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ts
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ts.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ln
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ln.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_sa
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_sa.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_hi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_hi.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_nso
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_nso.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ak
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ak.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ff
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ff.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_om
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_om.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_bho
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_bho.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_mai
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_mai.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_bm
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_bm.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_ti
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_ti.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_dv
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_dv.jsonl
  - config_name: gatitos__en_mni-Mtei
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: gatitos/en_mni-Mtei.jsonl

SMOL

SMOL (Set for Maximal Overall Leverage) is a collection professional translations into 221 Low-Resource Languages, for the purpose of training translation models, and otherwise increasing the representations of said languages in NLP and technology.

Please read the SMOL Paper and the GATITOS Paper for a much more thorough description!

There are four resources in this directory:

  • SmolDoc: document-level translations into 100 languages
  • SmolSent: sentence-level translations into 81 languages
  • GATITOS: token-level translations into 172 languages
  • SmolDoc-factuality-annotations: factuality annotations and rationales for 661 documents from SmolDoc

Data schemata

The schemata are pretty straightforward. Source and Target languge are provided in sl and tl fields. The is_src_orig field has a value of true if the source text was the original text, and the target field was translated, and avalue of false if the data is back-translated.

GATITOS

GATITOS has a one-to-many schema, with each source mapping to one or more targets:

{
 'sl': 'en',
 'tl': 'aa',
 'is_source_orig': True,
 'src': 'how are you',
 'trgs': ['mannah taniih?', 'anninnaay?']
}

SmolSent

SmolSent's schema differs from SmolDoc's only in that src and trg are single strings, not lists:

{'id': 381,
 'sl': 'en',
 'tl': 'ber',
 'is_src_orig': True,
 'src': 'Rih, a deaf former soldier, plots rebellion while married to a queer, teenage god.',
 'trg': 'ⵔⵉⵀ, ⴷ ⴰⴷⴻⴼⵔⵉⵔ ⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔ ⴰⴻⵎⴻⵙⵍⵉ, ⵢⴻⵜⵜⵀⴻⴳⴳⵉ ⵜⴰⴴⴻⵡⵡⴰⵜ-ⵉⵙ, ⴴⴰⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⴻⵏ ⵢⴻⵣⵡⴻⴵ ⴷ ⵢⵉⵡⴻⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵓ ⵉⵍⴻⵎⵥⵉ ⵉⵁⴻⵎⵎⵍⴻⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵛ.'
}

SmolDoc

SmolDoc provides sentence-split and aligned translations through the srcs and trgs fields. These will always have the same length.

{
'id': 'topic_587__weyiwiniwaaotiwenwy',
 'sl': 'en',
 'tl': 'pcm',
 'is_src_orig': True,
 'factuality': 'ok',  # this is a story so there is no factual claim that could be wrong
 'srcs': ['"What the hell are you doing, you idiot?!"',
          '"Excuse me?"', 
          '"You cut me off! You almost made me crash!"', 
          '"I'm sorry, I didn't mean to. I was just trying to get around that slow-moving truck."',
          '"Well, you could have at least used your turn signal!"',
          '"I did use my turn signal!"',
          '"No, you didn't! You just pulled right out in front of me!"',
          '"I'm telling you, I used my turn signal!"',
          '"Whatever. You're still a terrible driver."',
          '"And you're a jerk!"', 
          '"At least I know how to drive!"',
          '"Oh, yeah? Well, I'm a better writer than you are!"',
          '"That's debatable."',
          '"It's not debatable! I'm Ernest Hemingway!"',
          '"Who?"',
          '"Ernest Hemingway! The greatest writer of all time!"',
          '"Never heard of him."',
          '"Well, you've heard of me now!"',
          '"Yeah, I heard of you."'],
 'trgs': ['"Wetin di hell dey do, yu idiot?!"',
          '"Ekskuse mi?"', 
          '"Yu komot mi! Yu almost make mi krash!"',
          '"I dey sorry, I nor wont do am. I just dey try get around dat truk wey slow."',
          '"Well, yu for don yus yor turn sign!"',
          '"I yus mai turn sign!"',
          '"No, yu nor turn am! Yu just turn rite in front of mi!"',
          '"I dey tell yu, I yus mai turn sign!"',
          '"Wateva. Yu still bi one tribol driva."',
          '"And yu bi jerk!"',
          '"At least I sabi hau to drive!"',
          '"Oh, yeah? Well, I bi ogbonge writa pass yu!"',
          '"Wi fit dibate dat."',
          '"nortin to dibate! I bi Ernest Hemingway!"',
          '"Who?"',
          '"Ernest Hemingway! De writa of all taim wey grate pass!"',
          '"Neva hear am."',
          '"Well, yu don hear mi nau!"',
          '"Na so, I don hear yu."']
}

SmolDoc factuality

The factuality map contains the per-document ratings for each of the three raters, for all documents in the SmolDoc data. The source text itself is not included, but can be gotten by joining with SmolDoc on the id field. Example datum:

  "topic_260__mtaftfttit": {
    "1": [
      "Minor Issue(s)",
      "This paragraph is mostly accurate, but there's an issue with the study mentioned. The study by the Geena Davis Institute found that only 36.3% of female characters had speaking roles, not 30% (source: https://geenadavisinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/see-jane-100-report-2017.pdf)."
    ],
    "2": [
      "Minor Issue(s)",
      "The claim regarding 12% of female characters working outside the home is not explicitly supported by Geena Davis Institute studies as seen in the article https://geenadavisinstitute.org/research/gender-bias-with-borders-an-investigation-of-female-characters-in-popular-films-across-11-countriesgender-bias-with-borders/"
    ],
    "3": [
      "Not Sure",
      "The claims are generally true. But I could not confirm that 12% of female characters were working outside the home according to this site. https://geenadavisinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/see-jane-100-report-2017.pdf"
    ]
  },

Notes on the GATITOS multilingual Lexicon

The GATITOS (Google's Additional Translations Into Tail-languages: Often Short) dataset is a high-quality, multi-way parallel dataset of tokens and short phrases, intended for training and improving machine translation models. Experiments on this dataset and Panlex focusing on unsupervised translation in a 208-language model can be found in the GATITOS paper.

This dataset consists in 4,000 English segments (4,500 tokens) that have been translated into each of 173 languages, and as a 4001st token, the endonym. Of these, 170 are low-resource, and three are mid-high resource (es, fr, hi). All translations were made directly from English, with the exception of Aymara, which was translated from the Spanish.

This dataset contains primarily short segments: 93% single tokens, and only 23 sentences (0.6%) have over 5 tokens. As such it is best thought of as a multilingual lexicon, rather than a parallel training corpus. The source text is frequent words in the English Language, along with some common phrases and short sentences. Care has been taken to ensure that they include good coverage of numbers, months, days of the week, swadesh words, and names of the languages themselves (including the endonym).

Single tokens are remarkably fickle to translate because of the common issue of polysemy. Some languages in this dataset only provide one translation per source token; others provide multiple translations. When multiple translations are given, they are broken up into multiple lines. Therefore, you can get the average number of translations per token by looking at the number of lines in the file versus the number of deduplicated English lines in the file. The three languages with the most average translations per English token are Betawi, Kachin, and Occitan, each with over 1.5 on average.

Sometimes translators have left annotations like "pike (verb)", "او (مونث)", "фамили(я)", "أسوأ(repeated)" etc.. Wolof is particularly noticeable in this regard, with notes like "xont (verb) which means to feed an animal". Several languages also give definitions instead of translations for some words, e.g. Tok Pisin translation of mole" to "wanpela liklik animal we i save stap long hol long graun".

Per-language information

The following table only includes information for the source_lang_translated_lang direction. However, data in this repo is released in both directions, so e.g. this table lists only en_ay, but reversed ay_en data is also released.

LP Target Language Name ISO 15924 Script Continent Endonym Alternate names N Smoldoc N SmolSent N Gatitos
am_ar Arabic Arab Asia اللُّغَة العَرَبِيّة Arabic (MSA); Arabic (Standard); Arabic (Fusha) 329 0 0
am_zh Mandarin Chinese Hans Asia 汉语 329 0 0
en_aa Afar Latn Africa Qafar 66 863 3990
en_ab Abkhaz Cyrl Asia Аҧсуа Abkhazian 0 0 3976
en_ace Acehnese Latn Asia Aceh Achinese; Dayan; Aceh 0 0 4001
en_ach Acholi Latn Africa Acholi Luo; Acoli 66 863 4001
en_ady West Circassian Cyrl Europe Черкес Adyghe 0 0 4001
en_aeb Tunisian Arabic Arab Africa اللغة العربيّة التونسيّة Arabic (Tunisia); Tounsi 66 862 3998
en_af Afrikaans Latn Africa Afrikaans 130 863 0
en_ahr Ahirani Deva Asia खान्देशी, अहिराणी 457 0 0
en_aii Assyrian Neo-Aramaic Syrc Asia ܣܘܪܝܬ Assyrian; Assyrian Neo–Aramaic; Sureth; Suret 0 0 3717
en_ak Twi Latn Africa Twi Akan (includes Akuapem + Fante); Asante 260 863 4000
en_alz Alur Latn Africa Lur 66 863 3992
en_am Amharic Ethi Africa አማርኛ 584 863 0
en_apc North Levantine Arabic Arab Asia شامي‎ 0 0 3998
en_apd Sudanese Arabic Arab Africa عربي سوداني Arabic (Sudan) 0 0 0
en_ar-MA Morrocan Arabic Arab Africa الدارجة Arabic (Morocco); Darija 260 863 3989
en_arn Mapudungun Latn Americas Mapudungun Mapuche 0 0 4001
en_arz Egyptian Arabic Arab Africa اللهجة المصرية Arabic (Egypt); Masri; Masry 260 863 4001
en_as Assamese Beng Asia অসমীয়া 0 0 3975
en_av Avar Cyrl Europe магӏарул мацӏ Avaric 0 0 4001
en_awa Awadhi Deva Asia अवधी Audhi 0 0 3999
en_ay Aymara Latn Americas Aymar aru 0 863 3990
en_ayl Libyan Arabic Arab Africa العربية الليبية Arabic (Libya); Sulaimitian Arabic 66 863 3999
en_ba Bashkir Cyrl Europe Башҡорт 0 0 3986
en_bal Baluchi Arab Asia بلوچی Balochi 0 0 3994
en_ban Balinese Latn Asia Basa Bali 0 0 3992
en_bbc Batak Toba Latn Asia Batak Toba 0 0 3993
en_bci Baoulé Latn Africa wawle Baoule; Baule 66 863 3998
en_bem Bemba (Zambia) Latn Africa Ichibemba Bemba; chiBemba 66 863 3977
en_ber Tamazight (Tifinagh Script) Tfng Africa ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ Berber; Amazigh 130 862 4000
en_ber-Latn Tamazight (Latin Script) Latn Africa Tamaziɣt Tamazight; Berber; Amazigh 130 862 4001
en_bew Betawi Latn Asia Betawi Betawi Malay; Jakartan Malay; Batavian Malay 0 0 4001
en_bfq Badaga Taml Asia படக 457 0 0
en_bfy Bagheli Deva Asia बघेली 457 0 0
en_bgq Bagri Deva Asia बागड़ी 457 0 0
en_bho Bhojpuri Deva Asia भोजपुरी 0 0 3991
en_bik Bikol Latn Asia Sentral Bikol Bicol; Bicolano 0 0 3993
en_bjn Banjar Latn Asia Banjar Banjarese 0 0 3996
en_bjn-Arab Banjar (Arabic script) Arab Asia بنجر; ڤندير بنجر 0 0 3999
en_bm Bambara Latn Africa Bámánánkán 260 863 4000
en_bns Bundeli Deva Asia बुन्देली 456 0 0
en_bo Tibetan Tibt Asia བོད་མི།; བོད་ཀྱི།; བོད་སྐད།; བོད་ཡིག། Lhasa Tibetan; Standard Tibetan; Baykha; Kham; Baykay 0 863 3994
en_br Breton Latn Europe brezhoneg 0 0 4001
en_bra Braj Deva Asia ब्रजभाषा 457 0 0
en_brx Bodo (India) Deva Asia बोडो Bodo; Boro 0 863 3994
en_bts Batak Simalungun Latn Asia Bahasa Simalungun Simalungun; Simalungunese 0 0 3999
en_btx Batak Karo Latn Asia Batak Karo Karonese; Karo; Bahasa Karo 0 0 3997
en_bua Buryat Cyrl Asia Буряад 0 0 3976
en_bug Buginese Latn Asia basa Ugi 0 0 3759
en_ccp-Latn Chakma (Latin script) Latn Asia Changhma Bhach 457 0 0
en_ce Chechen Cyrl Europe Нохчийн 0 0 3997
en_cgg Kiga Latn Africa Kiga Chiga; Orukiga; Rukiga; Ruchiga 66 863 4001
en_ch Chamorro Latn Oceania Finuʼ Chamoru CHamoru 0 0 4001
en_chk Chuukese Latn Oceania Trukese Trukese 0 0 3889
en_chm Meadow Mari Cyrl Asia олык марий Eastern Mari 0 0 4001
en_ckb Kurdish (Sorani) Arab Asia سۆرانی Central Kurdish; Sorani 0 0 3986
en_cnh Hakha Chin Latn Asia Laica Zomi; Laiholh; Lai 0 0 3999
en_crh Crimean Tatar (Cyrillic script) Cyrl Europe Крымскотатарский Crimean Tatar 0 0 3990
en_crh-Latn Crimean Tatar (Latin script) Latn Europe qırımtatar tili 0 0 3990
en_crs Seychellois Creole Latn Africa kreol seselwa kreol; Seselwa Creole French 0 0 3989
en_ctg Chittagonian Beng Asia Chittagonian 0 0 3996
en_cv Chuvash Cyrl Europe Чăваш 0 0 3985
en_dhd Dhundari Deva Asia ढूंढाड़ी 456 0 0
en_din Dinka Latn Africa Thuɔŋjäŋ 66 863 4001
en_doi Dogri Deva Asia डोगरी 454 0 3997
en_dov Dombe Latn Africa ChiDombe Chidombe; Zambezi; Tonga 66 863 3998
en_dv Dhivehi Thaa Asia ދިވެހި Maldivian, Divehi 0 0 3973
en_dyu Dyula Latn Africa Julakan Dioula; Jula 66 863 3997
en_dz Dzongkha Tibt Asia རྫོང་ཁ Bhutanese 0 0 3997
en_ee Ewe Latn Africa Eʋegbe 130 863 3990
en_efi Efik Latn Africa Usem mbom Efik; Ikɔ-efik 66 863 4001
en_es Spanish Latn Europe español, castellano 0 863 3991
en_fa-AF Dari Arab Asia دری Persian (Afghanistan) 0 0 4000
en_ff Fulani Latn Africa Fulɓe; Fulfulde; Pular; Pulaar Fulfulde; Fula; Fulah; Pular; Pulaar; Peul (French) 260 862 3998
en_fj Fijian Latn Oceania Fiji; Fijian Bauan 0 0 4001
en_fo Faroese Latn Europe Føroysk 0 0 3999
en_fon Fon Latn Africa fongbē 66 863 3998
en_fr French Latn Europe français 0 0 3998
en_fr-CA French (Canada) Latn Americas français canadien 0 0 4001
en_fur Friulian Latn Europe Furlan 0 0 3985
en_gaa Ga Latn Africa Gã 66 863 4000
en_gn Guarani Latn Americas avañeʼẽ 0 863 3991
en_gom Goan Konkani Deva Asia कोंकणी 0 0 3999
en_grt-Latn Garo (Latin script) Latn Asia A·chikku 457 0 0
en_ha Hausa Latn Africa Hausa 584 863 0
en_hi Hindi Deva Asia हिन्दी 0 0 3984
en_hil Hiligaynon Latn Asia Hiligaynon Ilonggo; Binisaya; Bisaya nga Hiniligaynon; Inilonggo 0 0 4001
en_hne Chhattisgarhi Deva Asia छत्तीसगढ़ी 0 0 4000
en_hoc-Wara Ho (Warang Chiti script) Wara Asia 𑢹𑣉𑣉 𑣎𑣋𑣜 457 0 0
en_hrx Hunsrik Latn Americas Hunsrik Riograndenser Hunsrik 0 0 3932
en_iba Iban Latn Asia Iban 0 0 3997
en_ig Igbo Latn Africa Asụsụ Igbo 391 863 0
en_ilo Ilocano Latn Asia Iloko Iloko; Ilokano 0 0 3993
en_iso Isoko Latn Africa Isoko 0 0 4001
en_iu Inuktut (Syllabics) Cans Americas ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ Inuktitut; Inuktut 0 0 3999
en_iu-Latn Inuktut (Latin) Latn Americas Inuktitut Inuktitut; Inuktut 0 0 4001
en_jam Jamaican Patois Latn Americas Patwa Patois; Jamaican Creole English 0 0 3996
en_kaa Karakalpak Cyrl Asia Қарақалпақ; Қарақалпақша Kara-Kalpak; Qaraqalpaq 0 0 3970
en_kac Jingpo Latn Asia Jinghpaw Kachin; Jingpho; Jingphaw; Wunpawng 0 0 3941
en_kbd East Circassian Cyrl Europe Къэбэрдей; Адыгэ Kabardian 0 0 3976
en_kek Q'eqchi' Latn Americas Qʼeqchiʼ Kekchi; Kekchi'; Kekchí 0 0 4001
en_kfy Kumaoni Deva Asia कुमाऊँनी 457 0 0
en_kg Kongo Latn Africa Kikongo Kikongo 66 863 3998
en_kha Khasi Latn Asia khasi 0 0 4001
en_ki Kikuyu Latn Africa Gĩgĩkũyũ Gikuyu 66 863 3994
en_kl Kalaallisut Latn Americas Kalaallisut Greenlandic 0 863 3943
en_kr Kanuri Latn Africa Kànùrí 66 863 4000
en_kri Krio Latn Africa Krio 130 863 4020
en_kru Kurukh Deva Asia कुँड़ुख़ 457 0 0
en_ks Kashmiri Arab Asia كٲشُر Koshur 0 863 4001
en_ks-Deva Kashmiri (Devanagari script) Deva Asia कॉशुर Koshur 0 863 4001
en_ktu Kituba (DRC) Latn Africa Kituba Kituba 66 863 3999
en_kv Komi Cyrl Asia Коми Zyryan; Komi-Zyryan 0 0 3980
en_lep Lepcha Lepc Asia ᰛᰩᰵᰛᰧᰵᰶ‎ 456 0 0
en_lg Luganda Latn Africa Oluganda Ganda 260 863 3998
en_li Limburgish Latn Europe Limburgs Limburgian; Limburg; Limburgs 0 0 3999
en_lif-Limb Limbu (Limbu script) Limb Asia ᤕᤠᤰᤌᤢᤱ ᤐᤠᤴ 457 0 0
en_lij Ligurian Latn Europe Ligure Genoese 0 0 3976
en_lmo Lombard Latn Europe lombard 0 0 3983
en_ln Lingala Latn Africa Lingála Ngala 260 863 3994
en_ltg Latgalian Latn Europe latgalīšu 0 0 3984
en_lu Kiluba (Luba-Katanga) Latn Africa Kiluba Luba-Katanga; Luba; Tshiluba 66 863 0
en_lua Tshiluba (Luba-Lulua) Latn Africa Tshiluba, Ciluba Luba-Kasai; Luba; Tshiluba; Cilubà; Tshilubà, Luba-Lulua 0 0 3998
en_luo Luo Latn Africa Luo Dholuo 260 863 3941
en_lus Mizo Latn Asia Mizo ṭawng 0 863 3998
en_mad Madurese Latn Asia Madurâ 0 0 3999
en_mag Magahi Deva Asia मगही 456 0 3997
en_mai Maithili Deva Asia मैथिली 0 0 3989
en_mak Makassar Latn Asia Mangkasara Makasar; Makassarese; Mangkasara; Macassar 0 0 3994
en_mam Mam Latn Americas Ta yol Mam 0 0 3902
en_meo Kedah Malay Latn Asia Siti Malay (Kedah) 0 0 3995
en_mfe Mauritian Creole Latn Africa Morisien Morisien; Morisyen 66 863 3997
en_mg Malagasy Latn Africa Fiteny malagasy 391 863 0
en_mh Marshallese Latn Oceania Majol Ebon 0 0 3977
en_min Minang Latn Asia Minangkabau Minangkabau 0 0 3999
en_mjl Mandeali Deva Asia मण्डियाली 457 0 0
en_mni-Mtei Meiteilon (Manipuri) Mtei Asia ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ Meitei, Meetei, Meitheilon, Meeteilon 0 863 3923
en_mos Mooré Latn Africa Moaaga; Mòoré Mossi; Moore; More; Mõore; Mossé 66 863 4000
en_ms-Arab Malay (Jawi Script) Arab Asia ملايو 0 0 4000
en_mtr Mewari Deva Asia मेवाड़ी 457 0 0
en_mwr Marwadi Deva Asia मारवाड़ी Marwari; Rajasthani 0 0 3999
en_nd North Ndebele Latn Africa IsiNdebele Ndebele (North) 66 863 3694
en_ndc Ndau Latn Africa Cindawu 66 863 3991
en_ne Nepali Deva Asia नेपाली 456 0 0
en_new Nepalbhasa (Newari) Deva Asia नेवाः Newari; Nepalbhasa; Nepal Bhasa; Newar 0 0 4001
en_nhe Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl Latn Americas Nahuatlajtoli Kuextekan ikisayo Nahuatl (Eastern Huasteca) 0 0 4000
en_noe Nimadi Deva Asia निमाड़ी 315 0 0
en_nqo NKo Nkoo Africa ߓߡߊߣߊ߲ߞߊ߲ N'Ko 0 0 0
en_nr South Ndebele Latn Africa isiNdebele seSewula Ndebele (South); Transvaal Ndebele; Southern Ndebele 66 863 4001
en_nso Sepedi Latn Africa Sepedi Northern Sotho; Pedi 130 863 3996
en_nus Nuer Latn Africa Thok Naath 0 0 4001
en_nv Navajo Latn Americas Diné; Naabeehó Navaho; Diné 0 0 3992
en_ny Chichewa Latn Africa Chilankhulo cha Chichewa 260 863 0
en_oc Occitan Latn Europe Occitan Provençal 0 0 3998
en_om Oromo Latn Africa Afaan Oromoo 391 863 3995
en_os Ossetian Cyrl Europe Ирон Ossetic; Iron 0 0 3915
en_pa-Arab Lahnda Punjabi (Pakistan) Arab Asia لہندا پنجابی Punjabi (Lahnda); Punjabi (Western); Punjabi (India); Punjabi (Shahmukhi) 0 863 4001
en_pag Pangasinan Latn Asia Pangasinan Pangasinense 0 0 3994
en_pam Kapampangan Latn Asia Kapampangan Pampango; Capampáñgan 0 0 3993
en_pap Papiamento Latn Americas Papiamento Papiamento in Aruba; Papiamentu in Bonaire and Curaçao 0 0 4001
en_pcm Nigerian Pidgin Latn Africa Naijá, Pidgin for Nigerian Naija; Naijá; Pijin; Brokun; Broken 130 863 4001
en_pt-PT Portuguese (Portugal) Latn Europe português 0 0 3995
en_qu Quechua Latn Americas Runa Simi 0 863 3861
en_quc K'iche' Latn Americas K'iche' Quiche; Quiché 0 0 3992
en_rhg-Latn Rohingya (Latin script) Latn Asia Ruháingga Rohingya 0 0 3999
en_rn Rundi Latn Africa Ikirundi Kirundi 66 863 3999
en_rom Romani Latn Europe Rromani ćhib Romany; Romanes; Roma 0 0 3988
en_rw Kinyarwanda Latn Africa Ikinyarwanda 260 863 0
en_sa Sanskrit Deva Asia संस्कृतम् 0 863 3998
en_sah Yakut Cyrl Europe Саха Sakha; Saxa; Saqa; Yakutian 0 0 3983
en_sat Santali (Ol Chiki script) Olck Asia ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ Santali; Santhali; Hor 0 863 4001
en_sat-Latn Santali (Latin Script) Latn Asia Santali Santali; Santhali; Hor 0 863 4000
en_scl Shina Arab Asia ݜݨیاٗ زبان 457 0 0
en_scn Sicilian Latn Europe Sicilianu 100 0 3997
en_sd-Deva Sindhi (Devanagari script) Deva Asia सिन्धी 456 0 0
en_se Northern Sami Latn Europe davvisámegiella North Saami; North Sámi; Sami (North) 0 0 3980
en_sg Sango Latn Africa Sango 0 0 3994
en_sgj Surgujia Deva Asia सरगुजिया 356 0 0
en_shn Shan Mymr Asia တႆး; လိၵ်ႈတႆး Tai longe 0 0 4001
en_sjp Surjapuri Deva Asia सुरजापुरी‎ 299 0 0
en_skr Saraiki Arab Asia سرائیکی Multani 0 0 4001
en_sn Shona Latn Africa ChiShona 260 863 0
en_so Somali Latn Africa Af-Soomaali 260 862 0
en_spv Sambalpuri Orya Asia ସମ୍ବଲପୁରୀ 457 0 0
en_ss Swati Latn Africa Siswati siSwati 66 863 3924
en_st Sesotho Latn Africa seSotho 260 863 0
en_sus Susu Latn Africa Sosokhui 66 863 4000
en_sw Swahili Latn Africa Kiswahili Kiswahili 584 863 0
en_syl Sylheti Beng Asia সিলেটি 0 0 4001
en_szl Silesian Latn Europe Ślůnski 0 0 3997
en_tcy Tulu Knda Asia ತುಳು 451 0 4000
en_tet Tetum Latn Asia Tetun 0 0 4001
en_ti Tigrinya Ethi Africa ትግርኛ Tigrigna 260 863 4000
en_tiv Tiv Latn Africa Tiv 66 863 4001
en_tn Tswana Latn Africa Setswana Batswana; Setswana 66 863 3995
en_to Tonga (Tonga Islands) Latn Oceania Tonga Tongan; Tonga; Lea Faka-Tonga 0 0 4001
en_tpi Tok Pisin Latn Oceania Tok Pisin Papua New Guinea Pidgin 0 0 4001
en_trp Kokborok Latn Asia Kok Borok Tripuri; Tiprakok; Kok Borok; Kókborok 457 0 3997
en_ts Tsonga Latn Africa Xitsonga 66 863 3994
en_tum Tumbuka Latn Africa Chitumbuka 66 863 3983
en_ty Tahitian Latn Oceania Reo Tahiti; Tahiti 0 0 4001
en_tyv Tuvan Cyrl Asia тувинский Tuvinian 0 0 3984
en_udm Udmurt Cyrl Europe Удмурт кыл 0 0 3992
en_unr-Deva Mundari (Devanagari script) Deva Asia मुंडारी 457 0 0
en_ve Venda Latn Africa Tshivenḓa Tshivenda; Luvenda; Bavenda 66 863 3984
en_vec Venetian Latn Europe Veneto 0 0 4000
en_war Waray (Philippines) Latn Asia Waray Waray; Waray-Waray 0 0 3963
en_wbr Wagdi Deva Asia वाग्दी‎ 455 0 0
en_wo Wolof Latn Africa Wolof 260 863 4001
en_xh Xhosa Latn Africa isiXhosa 260 863 0
en_xnr Kangri Deva Asia कांगड़ी 457 0 0
en_xsr-Tibt Sherpa (Tibetan script) Tibt Asia ཤར་པའི་སྐད་ཡིག 457 0 0
en_yo Yoruba Latn Africa Èdè Yorùbá 584 863 0
en_yua Yucatec Maya Latn Americas Maayat'aan Mayan; Yucateco 0 0 3959
en_yue Cantonese Hant Asia 廣東話 Yue Chinese 584 863 4201
en_zap Zapotec Latn Americas Diidxazá 0 0 3777
en_zu Zulu Latn Africa isiZulu 260 863 0
en_zza Zazaki Latn Asia Zazakî Zaza; Kurdish (Zazaki); Dimli 0 0 3978
sw_ar Arabic Arab Asia اللُّغَة العَرَبِيّة Arabic (MSA); Arabic (Standard); Arabic (Fusha) 330 0 0
sw_zh Mandarin Chinese Hans Asia 汉语 330 0 0
yue_en English Latn Europe English 584 863 3983
yue_zh Mandarin Chinese Hans Asia 汉语 0 0 4201
yue_zh-Hant Taiwanese Mandarin Hant Asia 中文（台灣） 0 0 4201
zh-Hant_yue Cantonese Hant Asia 廣東話 Yue Chinese 0 0 4031
zh_yue Cantonese Hant Asia 廣東話 Yue Chinese 0 0 4031

Notes on language codes and names

We use the backwards-compatible BCP-47 language code convention. Several of these languages have various alternate code also in use, including:

  • ak Twi also uses the code tw. Note that using the supercode for the most prevelent language variety is very common, e.g. ku for kmr, zh for cmn, etc.
  • ber The grouping of the Tamazight languages is a matter of debate. The variety in these data is probably close to tzm, though a language expert should opine
  • qu Another supercode issue. The Quechua variety this data is closest to is likely quy, though a language expert should opine
  • pa-Arab is also referred to as lah
  • chm: we use chm for Meadow Mari, although chm is properly the superset, and mhr is the individual code for Meadow Mari.
  • rom: Similarly, we use rom for all Romani dialects, ak for Twi (see note above), and ff for all Fulfulde dialects.
  • fa-AF,ar-MA: We use fa-AF and ar-MA for Dari and Darija respectively. The specific codes prs and ary are probably more precise.

Please note that the language name can be a point of considerable tension, and there is rarely a "right" name for a language! This said, here are some non-exhaustive notes that went into the names in the second column above, based on conversations with speakers. We welcome more comments from the community:

  • ak: Calling this language "Twi" instead of "Akan" here is reflective of the corresponding translation models active on Google Translate. These are likely to mix different Akan dialects, including Twi proper, Fante, Akuapem Twi, etc.. Therefore, from a linguistic perspective, one would call this "Akan" and use the corresponding code "ak". However, this is a more academic word for the language; according to native speaker consultants, "Akan" is usually used to describe the ethnic group rather than the language, so they suggested simply calling this "Twi", which is most likely accurate for the large majority of model outputs.
  • ckb: Central Kurdish is a more academic name that may not be as widely known to speakers of the language, so Sorani is preferred -- though they are both acceptable.
  • dv: There is not a consistent romanization of this language, and both Divehi and Dhivehi are common. The first consonant in this language is a dental, non-aspirated d. When transliterating Indian language names there is no standard about how to represent this sound. In the south, "dh" usually refers to the dental consonant; in the North, it just as often refers to the aspirated one. However, in both cases, it is common that "d" alone would represent the retroflex consonant, so it is possible that Divehi would be mispronounced more often.
  • gom: Technically, gom is the code for Goan Konkani only. Other varieties of Konkani, like Mangalore Konkani (which oddly enough does not have an ISO code), are mutually unintelligible! There is certainly dispute about whether to treat Konkani as one language or not.
  • ilo: Native speakers give a variety of different answers around the correct name. Some say that Ilocano is more formal, whereas Ilokano is more informal; some say that both of these actually refer to the people, and that Iloko is the only correct term for the language.
  • lg: Speakers usually refer to this language as "Luganda"; linguists sometimes call it "Ganda", but like Sepedi, this is not usually used by people familiar with the language.
  • lus: There is agreement that Lushai is an obsolete colonial name and should not be used. Mizo is the preferred name.
  • mni-Mtei: The conventional and most common name for this language is Manipuri. However, in reality, this is only the language of one of the many ethnicities in Manipur, so that name can be seen as offensive to some. Therefore, we use the endonym Meiteilon, with the conventional name (Manipuri) in parentheses.
  • nso: Although a linguist might say that Sepedi is a dialect of Northern Sotho, speakers often say that they call the whole language Sepedi, and that Northern Sotho has offensive colonial overtones. Others, however, may disagree with this. The endonym Sesotho sa Leboa is not uncommon. There is agreement that no-one uses Pedi.
  • qu: These translations are technically in Southern Quechua. However, this is a point of some contention. Some will opine that "Quechua" is not a language but a family of languages. Others, however, say that they all feel like one language, and that the regional differences are slight, and it's easy for Peruvians, Bolivians, and even Ecuadorians to understand each other. The majority opinion among the naive speakers we talked to seemed to be closer to the latter, so we have opted for the name "Quechua".
  • ti: In Tigray Tigrigna is the most common Romanization, and in Eritrea Tigrinya is.
  • zap: Linguists usually talk about the Zapotec languages, rather than considering Zapotec a single language. However, just as with Quechua above, conversations with a native speaker indicated that they perceived Zapotec as one language, with a variety of local variants that are all easy enough to understand (excepting one or two). A broader survey would help resolve this question.
  • Those languages in this dataset that are not on Google Translate have yet to undergo a more careful name review; if you see a name in the list above that you want to correct, please contact us!

Special note on Bantu languages: Bantu language names have a special noun-class prefix for languages, like xiTsonga, sePedi, kiSwahili, isiZulu, luGanda, siSwati, isiNdebele, tshiVenda, and so on. However, there is no pattern as to whether this prefix is used in the conventional English form of the name. For instance, Xhosa usually leaves off the isi- in English, whereas Lingala almost never leaves off the li-. Others, like (xi)Tsonga, seem to be frequently used in both forms. Linguistic resources occasionally strip the prefixes, yielding names like "Ganda", "Pedi" and so on, perhaps out of a desire for consistent handling of the noun class prefix. (Even the ba in Bantu is such a prefix, so these languages are sometimes called the Ntu languages!)

For convenience, here is a mapping from codes used by Flores and SMOL:

flores2smol = {
'ace_Arab': 'ace-Arab', 'ace_Latn': 'ace', 'acm_Arab': 'acm', 'acq_Arab': 'acq', 'aeb_Arab': 'aeb', 'afr_Latn': 'af', 'ajp_Arab': 'ajp',
'aka_Latn': 'ak', 'als_Latn': 'sq', 'amh_Ethi': 'am', 'apc_Arab': 'apc', 'arb_Arab': 'ar', 'arb_Latn': 'ar-Latn', 'ars_Arab': 'ars',
'ary_Arab': 'ar-MA', 'arz_Arab': 'arz', 'asm_Beng': 'as', 'ast_Latn': 'ast', 'awa_Deva': 'awa', 'ayr_Latn': 'ay', 'azb_Arab': 'azb',
'azj_Latn': 'az', 'bak_Cyrl': 'ba', 'bam_Latn': 'bm', 'ban_Latn': 'ban', 'bel_Cyrl': 'be', 'bem_Latn': 'bem', 'ben_Beng': 'bn',
'bho_Deva': 'bho', 'bjn_Arab': 'bjn-Arab', 'bjn_Latn': 'bjn', 'bod_Tibt': 'bo', 'bos_Latn': 'bs', 'bug_Latn': 'bug', 'bul_Cyrl': 'bg',
'cat_Latn': 'ca', 'ceb_Latn': 'ceb', 'ces_Latn': 'cs', 'cjk_Latn': 'cjk', 'ckb_Arab': 'ckb', 'crh_Latn': 'crh-Latn', 'cym_Latn': 'cy',
'dan_Latn': 'da', 'deu_Latn': 'de', 'dik_Latn': 'din', 'dyu_Latn': 'dyu', 'dzo_Tibt': 'dz', 'ell_Grek': 'el', 'eng_Latn': 'en',
'epo_Latn': 'eo', 'est_Latn': 'et', 'eus_Latn': 'eu', 'ewe_Latn': 'ee', 'fao_Latn': 'fo', 'fij_Latn': 'fj', 'fin_Latn': 'fi',
'fon_Latn': 'fon', 'fra_Latn': 'fr', 'fur_Latn': 'fur', 'fuv_Latn': 'ff', 'gaz_Latn': 'om', 'gla_Latn': 'gd', 'gle_Latn': 'ga',
'glg_Latn': 'gl', 'grn_Latn': 'gn', 'guj_Gujr': 'gu', 'hat_Latn': 'ht', 'hau_Latn': 'ha', 'heb_Hebr': 'iw', 'hin_Deva': 'hi',
'hne_Deva': 'hne', 'hrv_Latn': 'hr', 'hun_Latn': 'hu', 'hye_Armn': 'hy', 'ibo_Latn': 'ig', 'ilo_Latn': 'ilo', 'ind_Latn': 'id',
'isl_Latn': 'is', 'ita_Latn': 'it', 'jav_Latn': 'jv', 'jpn_Jpan': 'ja', 'kab_Latn': 'kab', 'kac_Latn': 'kac', 'kam_Latn': 'kam',
'kan_Knda': 'kn', 'kas_Arab': 'ks', 'kas_Deva': 'ks-Deva', 'kat_Geor': 'ka', 'kaz_Cyrl': 'kk', 'kbp_Latn': 'kbp', 'kea_Latn': 'kea',
'khk_Cyrl': 'mn', 'khm_Khmr': 'km', 'kik_Latn': 'ki', 'kin_Latn': 'rw', 'kir_Cyrl': 'ky', 'kmb_Latn': 'kmb', 'kmr_Latn': 'ku',
'knc_Arab': 'kr-Arab', 'knc_Latn': 'kr', 'kon_Latn': 'kg', 'kor_Hang': 'ko', 'lao_Laoo': 'lo', 'lij_Latn': 'lij', 'lim_Latn': 'li',
'lin_Latn': 'ln', 'lit_Latn': 'lt', 'lmo_Latn': 'lmo', 'ltg_Latn': 'ltg', 'ltz_Latn': 'lb', 'lua_Latn': 'lua', 'lug_Latn': 'lg',
'luo_Latn': 'luo', 'lus_Latn': 'lus', 'lvs_Latn': 'lv', 'mag_Deva': 'mag', 'mai_Deva': 'mai', 'mal_Mlym': 'ml', 'mar_Deva': 'mr',
'min_Arab': 'min-Arab', 'min_Latn': 'min', 'mkd_Cyrl': 'mk', 'mlt_Latn': 'mt', 'mni_Beng': 'mni', 'mos_Latn': 'mos', 'mri_Latn': 'mi',
'mya_Mymr': 'my', 'nld_Latn': 'nl', 'nno_Latn': 'nn', 'nob_Latn': 'no', 'npi_Deva': 'ne', 'nso_Latn': 'nso', 'nus_Latn': 'nus',
'nya_Latn': 'ny', 'oci_Latn': 'oc', 'ory_Orya': 'or', 'pag_Latn': 'pag', 'pan_Guru': 'pa', 'pap_Latn': 'pap', 'pbt_Arab': 'ps',
'pes_Arab': 'fa', 'plt_Latn': 'mg', 'pol_Latn': 'pl', 'por_Latn': 'pt', 'prs_Arab': 'fa-AF', 'quy_Latn': 'quy', 'ron_Latn': 'ro',
'run_Latn': 'rn', 'rus_Cyrl': 'ru', 'sag_Latn': 'sg', 'san_Deva': 'sa', 'sat_Olck': 'sat', 'scn_Latn': 'scn', 'shn_Mymr': 'shn',
'sin_Sinh': 'si', 'slk_Latn': 'sk', 'slv_Latn': 'sl', 'smo_Latn': 'sm', 'sna_Latn': 'sn', 'snd_Arab': 'sd', 'som_Latn': 'so',
'sot_Latn': 'st', 'spa_Latn': 'es', 'srd_Latn': 'sc', 'srp_Cyrl': 'sr', 'ssw_Latn': 'ss', 'sun_Latn': 'su', 'swe_Latn': 'sv',
'swh_Latn': 'sw', 'szl_Latn': 'szl', 'tam_Taml': 'ta', 'taq_Latn': 'taq', 'taq_Tfng': 'taq-Tfng', 'tat_Cyrl': 'tt', 'tel_Telu': 'te',
'tgk_Cyrl': 'tg', 'tgl_Latn': 'fil', 'tha_Thai': 'th', 'tir_Ethi': 'ti', 'tpi_Latn': 'tpi', 'tsn_Latn': 'tn', 'tso_Latn': 'ts',
'tuk_Latn': 'tk', 'tum_Latn': 'tum', 'tur_Latn': 'tr', 'twi_Latn': 'ak', 'tzm_Tfng': 'ber', 'uig_Arab': 'ug', 'ukr_Cyrl': 'uk',
'umb_Latn': 'umb', 'urd_Arab': 'ur', 'uzn_Latn': 'uz', 'vec_Latn': 'vec', 'vie_Latn': 'vi', 'war_Latn': 'war', 'wol_Latn': 'wo',
'xho_Latn': 'xh', 'ydd_Hebr': 'yi', 'yor_Latn': 'yo', 'yue_Hant': 'yue', 'zho_Hans': 'zh', 'zho_Hant': 'zh-Hant', 'zsm_Latn': 'ms', 'zul_Latn': 'zu',}

Known issues

There are several known issues of this dataset:

  • The translations of SmolDoc to Ho (Warang Citi script) (hoc) contain some instances of transliterated English, rather than actual Ho text. This is currently being corrected.
  • The translations to Mooré (mos) contain a mix of orthographies.
  • The translations into Kituba (ktu), Tulu (tcy), Nepali (ne), and Tibetan (bo) caused notable regressions in ChrF, suggesting that they are low-quality, though this could also be an issue with training or evaluation.
  • The Manx (gv) split of GATITOS that was originally released was spurious. It has been removed.

Citations

To cite SMOL and GATITOS, please use the following:

@misc{caswell2025smol,
      title={SMOL: Professionally translated parallel data for 115 under-represented languages}, 
      author={Isaac Caswell and Elizabeth Nielsen and Jiaming Luo and Colin Cherry and Geza Kovacs and Hadar Shemtov and Partha Talukdar and Dinesh Tewari and Baba Mamadi Diane and Koulako Moussa Doumbouya and Djibrila Diane and Solo Farabado Cissé},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2502.12301},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12301}, 
}

@misc{jones2023gatitos,
      title={Bilex Rx: Lexical Data Augmentation for Massively Multilingual Machine Translation}, 
      author={Alex Jones and Isaac Caswell and Ishank Saxena and Orhan Firat},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2303.15265},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.15265}, 
}

Contact

We welcome contributions, corrections, and suggestions, especially from speakers of these languages. If you speak any of these languages and notice quality issues, please file bugs on this repo or contact {icaswell, eknielsen}꩜google.com. This repository may be updated sporadically with corrections or additional translations.

License

This data is released under cc-by-4.0