Split (1)

train · 19.9k rows

id stringlengths 13 34	paragraphs listlengths 16 20	question stringlengths 29 283	answer stringlengths 1 100	answer_aliases listlengths 0 10	context stringlengths 577 17.4k	citations listlengths 2 4
2hop__661661_759679	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Terence Oliver Blanchard (born March 13, 1962) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and music educator. Blanchard started his career in 1980 as a member of the Lionel Hampton Orchestra, then Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers. He has composed more than forty film scores and performed on more than fifty.", "title": "Terence Blanchard" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Seemabaddha ( \"Shimabôddho\"; English title: \"Company Limited\") is a 1971 social drama Bengali film directed by Satyajit Ray. It is based on the novel \"Seemabaddha\" by Mani Shankar Mukherjee. It stars Barun Chanda, Harindranath Chattopadhyay, and Sharmila Tagore in lead roles. The film was the second entry in Ray's Calcutta trilogy, which included \"Pratidwandi\" (\"The Adversary\") (1970) and \"Jana Aranya\" (\"The Middleman\") (1976). The films deal with the rapid modernization of Calcutta, rising corporate culture and greed, and the futility of the rat race.", "title": "Seemabaddha" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Inner Eye is a 1972 short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on Benode Behari Mukherjee, a blind artist and a teacher from Visva-Bharati University, a university founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. The twenty minutes documentary features the life and works of Mukherjee in the form of paintings and photographs, starring himself. The documentary covers his journey from childhood till his blindness along with much of his works and features his words, \"Blindness is a new feeling, a new experience, a new state of being\". The documentary was awarded as Best Information Film (Documentary) at 20th National Film Awards in 1972.", "title": "The Inner Eye" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pledge of Allegiance, as it exists in its current form, was composed in August 1892 by Francis Bellamy (1855 -- 1931), who was a Baptist minister, a Christian socialist, and the cousin of socialist utopian novelist Edward Bellamy (1850 -- 1898). There did exist a previous version created by Rear Admiral George Balch, a veteran of the Civil War, who later become auditor of the New York Board of Education. Balch's pledge, which existed contemporaneously with the Bellamy version until the 1923 National Flag Conference, read:", "title": "Pledge of Allegiance" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-François Lalouette (1651-1728) was a French composer of the Baroque period (ca. 1600–1750). He had his first musical education in the school choir of St. Eustache in Paris.", "title": "Jean-François Lalouette" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julian Lloyd Webber is the second son of the composer William Lloyd Webber and his wife Jean Johnstone (a piano teacher). He is the younger brother of the composer Andrew Lloyd Webber. The composer Herbert Howells was his godfather. Lloyd Webber was educated at three schools in London: at Wetherby School, a pre-prep school in South Kensington, followed by Westminster Under School and University College School. He then won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music and completed his studies with Pierre Fournier in Geneva in 1973.", "title": "Julian Lloyd Webber" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marvin Rosen is an American pianist, music educator, musicologist and host of the weekly radio program \"Classical Discoveries\", which airs on WPRB 103.3 FM in Princeton, New Jersey. He is best known for his work in promoting the music of living composers as well as the music of Alan Hovhaness.", "title": "Marvin Rosen" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Halston Williams (1886–1978) was the founder, organizer and first director of the Hampton Institute Creative Dance Group. This company was the first national touring company composed of college students that was created by an American of any color. Williams was also an associate professor and supervisor of the Physical Education Department at Hampton Institute, located in Hampton, Virginia.", "title": "Charles Holston Williams" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Monroe Deems (1818–1901) was an American composer and music educator from Baltimore, Maryland, as well as a distinguished Union Army officer during the American Civil War. He served as lieutenant colonel of the 1st Maryland Cavalry. On July 26, 1866 President Andrew Johnson nominated Deems for appointment to the grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, and the United States Senate confirmed the appointment on July 27, 1866.", "title": "James Monroe Deems" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American Festival for the Arts (AFA) was founded in 1993 by composer and arts advocate, J. Todd Frazier. AFA's function is to provide community based music education programs and performance opportunities for young people and, through its concert series and outreach, to broaden the audience for both American works and the Classical music repertory. AFA has a series of year-round initiatives and collaborations that support its primary Summer Music Conservatory program. AFA's Houston campus, currently located at Pershing Middle School, is designed for musicians and composers ranging in age from elementary to high school.", "title": "American Festival for the Arts" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Louis Aubert (15 February 1731 in Paris – 10 November 1814 in Paris), called the Abbé Aubert, was a French dramatist, poet and journalist, son of the violinist and composer Jacques Aubert (1686-1753) and brother of Louis Aubert (painter). Aubert was educated at the Collège de Navarre and entered the order. In 1741, Aubert entered the editorial staff of the ', where he was literary critic. In 1752, he created the '.", "title": "Abbé Aubert" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josh Deutsch is an American trumpet player and composer. He leads the band Pannonia and the Josh Deutsch Quintet, and performs regularly in a duo with guitarist Nico Soffiato. Deutsch is a founding member of the Queens Jazz Overground. He has toured extensively throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Deutsch is also an educator, teaching privately and at various institutions, including the Queens College CPSM, the University of Oregon, and as a mentor in the Young Composers and Improvisors Workshop.", "title": "Josh Deutsch" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Warren Barker (born in Oakland, California on April 16, 1923; died in Greenville, South Carolina August 3, 2006) was an American composer known for work in film, radio, and television. He also worked in Las Vegas, Nevada clubs. He was educated at the University of California, Los Angeles.", "title": "Warren Barker" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johann Friedrich Peter (sometimes John Frederick Peter) (born Heerendijk, May 19, 1746 - died Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, July 13, 1813) was an American composer of German origin. Peter was educated in Holland and Germany before coming to America with his brother Simon in 1770. He began to compose music for the church shortly after his arrival in America and for a time served as an organist and violinist in the Moravian congregations of Nazareth, Bethlehem and Lititz in Pennsylvania before eventually going to Salem, North Carolina in 1780 in the same capacity.", "title": "Johann Friedrich Peter" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roshd Biological Education is a quarterly science educational magazine covering recent developments in biology and biology education for a biology teacher Persian -speaking audience. Founded in 1985, it is published by The Teaching Aids Publication Bureau, Organization for Educational Planning and Research, Ministry of Education, Iran. Roshd Biological Education has an editorial board composed of Iranian biologists, experts in biology education, science journalists and biology teachers.", "title": "Roshd Biological Education" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "PAREF Southridge School, or simply Southridge, is a private school for boys located in Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines. It was established by the Parents for Education Foundation (PAREF). Southridge is composed of grade school, junior high school, senior high school, and afternoon school. Its executive director is Fernando A. Cruz. The spiritual formation of the families in Southridge is provided by members of Opus Dei.", "title": "PAREF Southridge School" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alan Pasqua (born June 28, 1952) is an American jazz pianist, educator, and composer. He co-composed the \"CBS Evening News\" theme. He has also had an extensive career in pop and rock music, most notably as a founding member, keyboardist, and songwriter of the 1980s hard rock band Giant. He studied at Indiana University and the New England Conservatory of Music. His album \"Standards\" with drummer Peter Erskine was nominated for a Grammy Award. As a session musician, he has toured and recorded with Bob Dylan, Cher, Michael Bublé, Eddie Money, Allan Holdsworth, Joe Walsh, Pat Benatar, Rick Springfield, Juice Newton, Prism, and Santana.", "title": "Alan Pasqua" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Linn (August 11, 1925 – October 28, 1999) was an American composer and an educator at the University of Southern California. His notable students there included Morten Lauridsen, Billy Childs, and Donald Crockett.", "title": "Robert Linn (composer)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brian Doherty is an American drummer, singer-songwriter, composer, music producer, and educator based in New York City. After starting his career as a member of the rock bands The Silos and They Might Be Giants, he has also worked with artists such as XTC, Freedy Johnston, and Ben Folds and contributed to movie soundtracks. As of 2014 he has released three albums of royalty-free drum tracks for songwriters, and in 2012 released his debut solo project, \"Treat + Release.\"", "title": "Brian Doherty (drummer)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Njål Ølnes (born 24 September 1965 in Sogndal, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz musician (tenor saxophone), composer and jazz educator currently residing in Nesodden.", "title": "Njål Ølnes" } ]	What college did Seemabaddha's composer attend?	Visva-Bharati University	[]	Title: Njål Ølnes Passage: Njål Ølnes (born 24 September 1965 in Sogndal, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz musician (tenor saxophone), composer and jazz educator currently residing in Nesodden. Title: Roshd Biological Education Passage: Roshd Biological Education is a quarterly science educational magazine covering recent developments in biology and biology education for a biology teacher Persian -speaking audience. Founded in 1985, it is published by The Teaching Aids Publication Bureau, Organization for Educational Planning and Research, Ministry of Education, Iran. Roshd Biological Education has an editorial board composed of Iranian biologists, experts in biology education, science journalists and biology teachers. Title: Robert Linn (composer) Passage: Robert Linn (August 11, 1925 – October 28, 1999) was an American composer and an educator at the University of Southern California. His notable students there included Morten Lauridsen, Billy Childs, and Donald Crockett. Title: Brian Doherty (drummer) Passage: Brian Doherty is an American drummer, singer-songwriter, composer, music producer, and educator based in New York City. After starting his career as a member of the rock bands The Silos and They Might Be Giants, he has also worked with artists such as XTC, Freedy Johnston, and Ben Folds and contributed to movie soundtracks. As of 2014 he has released three albums of royalty-free drum tracks for songwriters, and in 2012 released his debut solo project, "Treat + Release." Title: PAREF Southridge School Passage: PAREF Southridge School, or simply Southridge, is a private school for boys located in Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines. It was established by the Parents for Education Foundation (PAREF). Southridge is composed of grade school, junior high school, senior high school, and afternoon school. Its executive director is Fernando A. Cruz. The spiritual formation of the families in Southridge is provided by members of Opus Dei. Title: Josh Deutsch Passage: Josh Deutsch is an American trumpet player and composer. He leads the band Pannonia and the Josh Deutsch Quintet, and performs regularly in a duo with guitarist Nico Soffiato. Deutsch is a founding member of the Queens Jazz Overground. He has toured extensively throughout North America, Europe and Asia. Deutsch is also an educator, teaching privately and at various institutions, including the Queens College CPSM, the University of Oregon, and as a mentor in the Young Composers and Improvisors Workshop. Title: Alan Pasqua Passage: Alan Pasqua (born June 28, 1952) is an American jazz pianist, educator, and composer. He co-composed the "CBS Evening News" theme. He has also had an extensive career in pop and rock music, most notably as a founding member, keyboardist, and songwriter of the 1980s hard rock band Giant. He studied at Indiana University and the New England Conservatory of Music. His album "Standards" with drummer Peter Erskine was nominated for a Grammy Award. As a session musician, he has toured and recorded with Bob Dylan, Cher, Michael Bublé, Eddie Money, Allan Holdsworth, Joe Walsh, Pat Benatar, Rick Springfield, Juice Newton, Prism, and Santana. Title: Johann Friedrich Peter Passage: Johann Friedrich Peter (sometimes John Frederick Peter) (born Heerendijk, May 19, 1746 - died Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, July 13, 1813) was an American composer of German origin. Peter was educated in Holland and Germany before coming to America with his brother Simon in 1770. He began to compose music for the church shortly after his arrival in America and for a time served as an organist and violinist in the Moravian congregations of Nazareth, Bethlehem and Lititz in Pennsylvania before eventually going to Salem, North Carolina in 1780 in the same capacity. Title: Warren Barker Passage: Warren Barker (born in Oakland, California on April 16, 1923; died in Greenville, South Carolina August 3, 2006) was an American composer known for work in film, radio, and television. He also worked in Las Vegas, Nevada clubs. He was educated at the University of California, Los Angeles. Title: The Inner Eye Passage: The Inner Eye is a 1972 short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on Benode Behari Mukherjee, a blind artist and a teacher from Visva-Bharati University, a university founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. The twenty minutes documentary features the life and works of Mukherjee in the form of paintings and photographs, starring himself. The documentary covers his journey from childhood till his blindness along with much of his works and features his words, "Blindness is a new feeling, a new experience, a new state of being". The documentary was awarded as Best Information Film (Documentary) at 20th National Film Awards in 1972. Title: Terence Blanchard Passage: Terence Oliver Blanchard (born March 13, 1962) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer, and music educator. Blanchard started his career in 1980 as a member of the Lionel Hampton Orchestra, then Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers. He has composed more than forty film scores and performed on more than fifty. Title: Jean-François Lalouette Passage: Jean-François Lalouette (1651-1728) was a French composer of the Baroque period (ca. 1600–1750). He had his first musical education in the school choir of St. Eustache in Paris. Title: Marvin Rosen Passage: Marvin Rosen is an American pianist, music educator, musicologist and host of the weekly radio program "Classical Discoveries", which airs on WPRB 103.3 FM in Princeton, New Jersey. He is best known for his work in promoting the music of living composers as well as the music of Alan Hovhaness. Title: Charles Holston Williams Passage: Charles Halston Williams (1886–1978) was the founder, organizer and first director of the Hampton Institute Creative Dance Group. This company was the first national touring company composed of college students that was created by an American of any color. Williams was also an associate professor and supervisor of the Physical Education Department at Hampton Institute, located in Hampton, Virginia. Title: Seemabaddha Passage: Seemabaddha ( "Shimabôddho"; English title: "Company Limited") is a 1971 social drama Bengali film directed by Satyajit Ray. It is based on the novel "Seemabaddha" by Mani Shankar Mukherjee. It stars Barun Chanda, Harindranath Chattopadhyay, and Sharmila Tagore in lead roles. The film was the second entry in Ray's Calcutta trilogy, which included "Pratidwandi" ("The Adversary") (1970) and "Jana Aranya" ("The Middleman") (1976). The films deal with the rapid modernization of Calcutta, rising corporate culture and greed, and the futility of the rat race. Title: American Festival for the Arts Passage: American Festival for the Arts (AFA) was founded in 1993 by composer and arts advocate, J. Todd Frazier. AFA's function is to provide community based music education programs and performance opportunities for young people and, through its concert series and outreach, to broaden the audience for both American works and the Classical music repertory. AFA has a series of year-round initiatives and collaborations that support its primary Summer Music Conservatory program. AFA's Houston campus, currently located at Pershing Middle School, is designed for musicians and composers ranging in age from elementary to high school. Title: Julian Lloyd Webber Passage: Julian Lloyd Webber is the second son of the composer William Lloyd Webber and his wife Jean Johnstone (a piano teacher). He is the younger brother of the composer Andrew Lloyd Webber. The composer Herbert Howells was his godfather. Lloyd Webber was educated at three schools in London: at Wetherby School, a pre-prep school in South Kensington, followed by Westminster Under School and University College School. He then won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music and completed his studies with Pierre Fournier in Geneva in 1973.	[ "Seemabaddha", "The Inner Eye" ]
2hop__262736_47295	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Area codes 208 and 986 are the North American telephone area codes for all of Idaho. 208 is the main area code, and is one of the 86 original area codes created in 1947. It was Idaho's sole area code until 2017, when 986 was added as an overlay for the entire state.", "title": "Area codes 208 and 986" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The 808 telephone area code covers the inhabited, developed and uninhabited areas of the Hawaiian Islands out to Midway Island and Wake Island. 808 was issued as Hawaii's area code in 1957, not long before its statehood in August of 1959.", "title": "Area code 808" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sheridan is a census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States. It is located at the western edge of the county, along State Route 65. Sheridan is northwest of Lincoln. Its ZIP code is 95681 and area code 530. The elevation is . The population was 1,238 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Sheridan, California" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lae Airfield is a former World War II airfield and later, civilian airport located at Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The airport was closed in the 1980s, in favour of Lae Nadzab Airport, which was able to accommodate larger jet aircraft. The airport was known as Lae Drome or Lae Aerodrome", "title": "Lae Airfield" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Port Elizabeth is an unincorporated community located within Maurice River Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 08348.", "title": "Port Elizabeth, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Area code 575 is an area code in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It serves the remainder of the state outside the Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Farmington, and Gallup metropolitan and micropolitan areas, which remain in area code 505. The new code became effective on October 7, 2007, splitting from area code 505.", "title": "Area code 575" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ka Lae (), also known as South Point, is the southernmost point of the Big Island of Hawaii and of the 50 United States. The Ka Lae area is registered as a National Historic Landmark District under the name South Point Complex. The area is also known for its strong ocean currents and winds and is the home of a wind farm.", "title": "Ka Lae" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gridino () is a village in Yegoryevsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Shuvoyka River (Guslitsa River's tributary), in the historical area of Guslitsa. Informally, the village is also known as Gridino-Shuvoye (). Municipally, the village is a part of Shuvoyskoye Rural Settlement (the administrative center of which is the settlement of Shuvoye). Postal code: 140301. Dialing code: +7 49640.", "title": "Gridino, Yegoryevsky District, Moscow Oblast" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coordinates: 47 ° 00 ′ 01 ''N 109 ° 45 ′ 04'' W / 47.00028 ° N 109.75111 ° W / 47.00028; - 109.75111 (State of Montana) Area code 406 is the telephone area code covering the entire state of Montana. It has been Montana's area code since area codes were created in 1947.", "title": "Area code 406" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lae Bombers (known as the Lae LBC Bombers for sponsorship reasons) are a rugby league team that represent the Morobe Province in the PNG NRL competition. They have been involved in the tournament since its inception in 1990. They play their home-ground matched in the city of Lae, the second largest city in Papua New Guinea.", "title": "Lae Bombers" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ozol is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located on the Southern Pacific Railroad west-northwest of Martinez, at an elevation of 7 feet (2 m). The ZIP Code is 94553. The community is inside area code 925.", "title": "Ozol, California" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "McAfee is an unincorporated community located within Vernon Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07428.", "title": "McAfee, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Major Diagnostic Categories (MDC) are formed by dividing all possible principal diagnoses (from ICD - 9 - CM) into 25 mutually exclusive diagnosis areas. MDC codes, like diagnosis - related group (DRG) codes, are primarily a claims and administrative data element unique to the United States medical care reimbursement system. DRG codes also are mapped, or grouped, into MDC codes.", "title": "Major Diagnostic Category" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North American area code 432 is a state of Texas telephone area code in the Permian Basin area of the state including the cities of Midland and Odessa. It was created, along with area code 325, on April 5, 2003 in a split from area code 915.", "title": "Area code 432" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" } ]	What area code would you use to call Ka Lae?	808	[]	Title: Major Diagnostic Category Passage: The Major Diagnostic Categories (MDC) are formed by dividing all possible principal diagnoses (from ICD - 9 - CM) into 25 mutually exclusive diagnosis areas. MDC codes, like diagnosis - related group (DRG) codes, are primarily a claims and administrative data element unique to the United States medical care reimbursement system. DRG codes also are mapped, or grouped, into MDC codes. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Lae Airfield Passage: Lae Airfield is a former World War II airfield and later, civilian airport located at Lae, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. The airport was closed in the 1980s, in favour of Lae Nadzab Airport, which was able to accommodate larger jet aircraft. The airport was known as Lae Drome or Lae Aerodrome Title: Ka Lae Passage: Ka Lae (), also known as South Point, is the southernmost point of the Big Island of Hawaii and of the 50 United States. The Ka Lae area is registered as a National Historic Landmark District under the name South Point Complex. The area is also known for its strong ocean currents and winds and is the home of a wind farm. Title: McAfee, New Jersey Passage: McAfee is an unincorporated community located within Vernon Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07428. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: Port Elizabeth, New Jersey Passage: Port Elizabeth is an unincorporated community located within Maurice River Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 08348. Title: Ozol, California Passage: Ozol is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located on the Southern Pacific Railroad west-northwest of Martinez, at an elevation of 7 feet (2 m). The ZIP Code is 94553. The community is inside area code 925. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Area code 808 Passage: The 808 telephone area code covers the inhabited, developed and uninhabited areas of the Hawaiian Islands out to Midway Island and Wake Island. 808 was issued as Hawaii's area code in 1957, not long before its statehood in August of 1959. Title: Sheridan, California Passage: Sheridan is a census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States. It is located at the western edge of the county, along State Route 65. Sheridan is northwest of Lincoln. Its ZIP code is 95681 and area code 530. The elevation is . The population was 1,238 at the 2010 census. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Area codes 208 and 986 Passage: Area codes 208 and 986 are the North American telephone area codes for all of Idaho. 208 is the main area code, and is one of the 86 original area codes created in 1947. It was Idaho's sole area code until 2017, when 986 was added as an overlay for the entire state. Title: Lae Bombers Passage: The Lae Bombers (known as the Lae LBC Bombers for sponsorship reasons) are a rugby league team that represent the Morobe Province in the PNG NRL competition. They have been involved in the tournament since its inception in 1990. They play their home-ground matched in the city of Lae, the second largest city in Papua New Guinea. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: Area code 432 Passage: North American area code 432 is a state of Texas telephone area code in the Permian Basin area of the state including the cities of Midland and Odessa. It was created, along with area code 325, on April 5, 2003 in a split from area code 915. Title: Area code 406 Passage: Coordinates: 47 ° 00 ′ 01 ''N 109 ° 45 ′ 04'' W / 47.00028 ° N 109.75111 ° W / 47.00028; - 109.75111 (State of Montana) Area code 406 is the telephone area code covering the entire state of Montana. It has been Montana's area code since area codes were created in 1947.	[ "Area code 808", "Ka Lae" ]
2hop__13686_13703	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Whereas the Department of Defense is charged with military actions abroad, the Department of Homeland Security works in the civilian sphere to protect the United States within, at, and outside its borders. Its stated goal is to prepare for, prevent, and respond to domestic emergencies, particularly terrorism. On March 1, 2003, DHS absorbed the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and assumed its duties. In doing so, it divided the enforcement and services functions into two separate and new agencies: Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Citizenship and Immigration Services. The investigative divisions and intelligence gathering units of the INS and Customs Service were merged forming Homeland Security Investigations. Additionally, the border enforcement functions of the INS, including the U.S. Border Patrol, the U.S. Customs Service, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service were consolidated into a new agency under DHS: U.S. Customs and Border Protection. The Federal Protective Service falls under the National Protection and Programs Directorate.", "title": "United States Department of Homeland Security" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donovan's desire to use propaganda for tactical military purposes and Sherwood's emphasis on what later became known as public diplomacy were a continuing source of conflict between the two men On June 13, 1942, Roosevelt split the functions and created two new agencies: the Office of Strategic Services, a predecessor of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Office of War Information, a predecessor of the United States Information Agency.", "title": "Office of the Coordinator of Information" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a quasi-independent agency of the United States Government. It appears to have multiple leadership. On the one hand its director is appointed by the president. It plays a significant role in providing the president with intelligence. On the other hand, Congress oversees its operations through a committee. The CIA was first formed under the National Security Act of 1947 from the army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which furnished both military intelligence and clandestine military operations to the army during the crisis of World War II. Many revisions and redefinitions have taken place since then. Although the name of the CIA reflects the original advised intent of Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, the government's needs for strategic services have frustrated that intent from the beginning. The press received by the agency in countless articles, novels and other media have tended to create various popular myths; for example, that this agency replaced any intelligence effort other than that of the OSS, or that it contains the central intelligence capability of the United States. Strategic services are officially provided by some 17 agencies called the Intelligence Community. Army intelligence did not come to an end; in fact, all the branches of the Armed Forces retained their intelligence services. This community is currently under the leadership (in addition to all its other leadership) of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trinidad and Tobago Police Service Abbreviation T.T.P.S The Logo of the TTPS Motto To Protect and Serve with P.R.I.D.E. Agency overview Formed 1592 Employees 6436 Legal personality Governmental: Government agency Jurisdictional structure Size 1,981 square miles (5,130 km) Population 1,310,000 (January, 2011) Legal jurisdiction Republic of Trinidad and Tobago General nature Law enforcement Civilian police Operational structure Headquarters Police Administration Building, Edward and Sackville Street, Port of Spain Police Officers 6500 Elected officer responsible Major General Edmund Dillon (Ret.), Minister of National Security Agency executive Stephen Williams, Commissioner of Police (Acting) Parent agency Ministry of National Security Facilities Police Stations 78 Website www.ttps.gov.tt", "title": "Trinidad and Tobago Police Service" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees.", "title": "United States Secret Service" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Securities and Exchange Board of India भारतीय प्रतिभूति और विनिमय बोर्ड SEBI Bhavan, Mumbai headquarters Agency overview Formed 12 April 1992 Jurisdiction Government of India Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra Employees 643 + (2012) Agency executive Ajay Tyagi, Chairman Website www.sebi.gov.in", "title": "Securities and Exchange Board of India" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Håkan Isacson (1943–2002) was a Swedish intelligence agent who became known as the whistleblower of the IB affair, a political scandal in Sweden in the 1970s. Isacson was a former employee at IB, a secret Swedish domestic intelligence organization, who was used as the source by journalists Peter Bratt and Jan Guillou when they made the existence of the organization public in May 1973. On 4 January 1974 Isacson, along with Bratt and Guillou, was convicted of espionage by the Stockholm District Court and sentenced to 12 months in prison.", "title": "Håkan Isacson" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Studies of this kind outside of Europe are even rarer, so it is difficult to make generalizations, but one small-scale study that compared transnational police information and intelligence sharing practices at specific cross-border locations in North America and Europe confirmed that low visibility of police information and intelligence sharing was a common feature (Alain, 2001). Intelligence-led policing is now common practice in most advanced countries (Ratcliffe, 2007) and it is likely that police intelligence sharing and information exchange has a common morphology around the world (Ratcliffe, 2007). James Sheptycki has analyzed the effects of the new information technologies on the organization of policing-intelligence and suggests that a number of 'organizational pathologies' have arisen that make the functioning of security-intelligence processes in transnational policing deeply problematic. He argues that transnational police information circuits help to \"compose the panic scenes of the security-control society\". The paradoxical effect is that, the harder policing agencies work to produce security, the greater are feelings of insecurity.", "title": "Police" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is no common name for securities commission or financial regulatory agency in each country. Naming has become more complicated as some governments have consolidated or merged organisations and given them a wider remit. They sometimes contain the term securities and commission. Such as the Securities and Exchange Commission of the US or Securities and Futures Commission (Hong Kong). A number also have names based on Financial Authority, such as the Financial Services Authority of the UK or Financial Supervisory Authority (Sweden) or variations such as the Financial Services Agency (Japan).", "title": "Securities commission" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Governmental responsibility for internal security will generally rest with an interior ministry, as opposed to a defence ministry. Depending on the state, a state's internal security will be maintained by either the ordinary police or law enforcement agencies or more militarised police forces (known as Gendarmerie or, literally, the Internal Troops.). Other specialised internal security agencies may exist to augment these main forces, such as border guards, special police units, or aspects of the state's intelligence agencies. In some states, internal security may be the primary responsibility of a secret police force.", "title": "Internal security" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Public Health Service Logo of the United States Public Health Service Flag of the U.S. Public Health Service Agency overview Formed 1798 (reorganized / renamed: 1871 / 1889 / 1902 / 1912) Jurisdiction Federal government of the United States Headquarters Hubert H. Humphrey Building Washington, D.C. Agency executive Admiral Brett Giroir, Assistant Secretary for Health Parent agency Department of Health and Human Services Website www.hhs.gov/ash ``Public Health Service March ''", "title": "United States Public Health Service" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The FBI's chief tool against organized crime is the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. The FBI is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing compliance of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 and investigating violations of the act in addition to prosecuting such violations with the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). The FBI also shares concurrent jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in the enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970.", "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yugoslavia organized the Yugoslav People's Army (Jugoslavenska narodna armija, or JNA) from the Partisan movement and became the fourth strongest army in Europe at the time. The State Security Administration (Uprava državne bezbednosti/sigurnosti/varnosti, UDBA) was also formed as the new secret police, along with a security agency, the Department of People's Security (Organ Zaštite Naroda (Armije), OZNA). Yugoslav intelligence was charged with imprisoning and bringing to trial large numbers of Nazi collaborators; controversially, this included Catholic clergymen due to the widespread involvement of Croatian Catholic clergy with the Ustaša regime. Draža Mihailović was found guilty of collaboration, high treason and war crimes and was subsequently executed by firing squad in July 1946.", "title": "Josip Broz Tito" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, which simultaneously serves as the nation's prime federal law enforcement organization. Operating under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Justice, FBI is concurrently a member of the U.S. Intelligence Community and reports to both the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence. A leading U.S. counterterrorism, counterintelligence, and criminal investigative organization, FBI has jurisdiction over violations of more than 200 categories of federal crimes.", "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in U.S. embassies and consulates across the globe. These overseas offices exist primarily for the purpose of coordination with foreign security services and do not usually conduct unilateral operations in the host countries. The FBI can and does at times carry out secret activities overseas, just as the CIA has a limited domestic function; these activities generally require coordination across government agencies.", "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend \"un-vouchered\" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelligence spending since 2007; the fiscal 2013 figure is $52.6 billion. According to the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures, the CIA's fiscal 2013 budget is $14.7 billion, 28% of the total and almost 50% more than the budget of the National Security Agency. CIA's HUMINT budget is $2.3 billion, the SIGINT budget is $1.7 billion, and spending for security and logistics of CIA missions is $2.5 billion. \"Covert action programs\", including a variety of activities such as the CIA's drone fleet and anti-Iranian nuclear program activities, accounts for $2.6 billion.", "title": "Central Intelligence Agency" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Minister of State Security (formerly the Minister of Intelligence Services) is a Minister of the South African government, who oversees South Africa's civilian intelligence agencies. the Minister of State Security is Ayanda Dlodlo.", "title": "Minister of State Security (South Africa)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Department of Homeland Security Seal of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Flag of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Agency overview Formed November 25, 2002; 15 years ago (2002 - 11 - 25) Jurisdiction United States Headquarters Nebraska Avenue Complex, Washington, D.C., U.S 38 ° 56 ′ 17 ''N 77 ° 4 ′ 56'' W / 38.93806 ° N 77.08222 ° W / 38.93806; - 77.08222 Employees 229,000 (2017) Annual budget $40.6 billion (2017) Agency executives Kirstjen Nielsen, Secretary Elaine Duke, Deputy Secretary Child agencies United States Citizenship and Immigration Services U.S. Customs and Border Protection Federal Emergency Management Agency U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Transportation Security Administration United States Coast Guard National Protection and Programs Directorate United States Secret Service Federal Law Enforcement Training Center Citizenship & Immigration Services Ombudsmen Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Management Directorate Office for Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Office of General Counsel Office of Health Affairs Office of Intelligence & Analysis Office of Legislative Affairs Office of Operations Coordination Office of Partnership & Engagement Office of Policy Office of Public Affairs Office of the Inspector General Privacy Office Science & Technology Directorate Website www.dhs.gov ``The DHS March ''", "title": "United States Department of Homeland Security" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national manager for coordination and deconfliction of HUMINT activities across the entire intelligence community. Moreover, CIA is the only agency authorized by law to carry out and oversee covert action on behalf of the President, unless the President determines that another agency is better suited for carrying out such action. It can, for example, exert foreign political influence through its tactical divisions, such as the Special Activities Division.", "title": "Central Intelligence Agency" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Department of Health and Human Services Seal of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Flag of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Hubert H. Humphrey Building, Department Headquarters Department overview Formed April 11, 1953; 65 years ago (1953 - 04 - 11) (as Department of Health, Education, and Welfare) May 4, 1980 (1980 - 05 - 04) (as United States Department of Health and Human Services) Preceding agencies Federal Security Agency United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Jurisdiction Federal government of the United States Headquarters Hubert H. Humphrey Building Washington, D.C., U.S. Employees 79,540 (2015) Department executives Alex Azar, Secretary Eric Hargan, Deputy Secretary Website www.hhs.gov", "title": "United States Department of Health and Human Services" } ]	What organization shares jurisdiction with the agency which is the domestic intelligence and security service for the US?	DEA	[ "Drug Enforcement Administration" ]	Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, which simultaneously serves as the nation's prime federal law enforcement organization. Operating under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Department of Justice, FBI is concurrently a member of the U.S. Intelligence Community and reports to both the Attorney General and the Director of National Intelligence. A leading U.S. counterterrorism, counterintelligence, and criminal investigative organization, FBI has jurisdiction over violations of more than 200 categories of federal crimes. Title: Minister of State Security (South Africa) Passage: The Minister of State Security (formerly the Minister of Intelligence Services) is a Minister of the South African government, who oversees South Africa's civilian intelligence agencies. the Minister of State Security is Ayanda Dlodlo. Title: United States Secret Service Passage: Protective Mission -- The protective mission of the USSS is to ensure the safety of the President of the United States, the Vice President of the United States, the President's and Vice President's immediate families, former presidents, their spouses, and their minor children under the age of 16, major presidential and vice presidential candidates and their spouses, and foreign heads of state. The protective mission includes protective operations to coordinate manpower and logistics with state and local law enforcement, protective advances to conduct site and venue assessments for protectees, and protective intelligence to investigate all manners of threats made against protectees. The Secret Service is the lead agency in charge of the planning, coordination, and implementation of security operations for events designated as National Special Security Events (NSSEs). As part of the Service's mission of preventing an incident before it occurs, the agency relies on meticulous advance work and threat assessments developed by its Intelligence Division to identify potential risks to protectees. Title: Office of the Coordinator of Information Passage: Donovan's desire to use propaganda for tactical military purposes and Sherwood's emphasis on what later became known as public diplomacy were a continuing source of conflict between the two men On June 13, 1942, Roosevelt split the functions and created two new agencies: the Office of Strategic Services, a predecessor of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Office of War Information, a predecessor of the United States Information Agency. Title: Trinidad and Tobago Police Service Passage: Trinidad and Tobago Police Service Abbreviation T.T.P.S The Logo of the TTPS Motto To Protect and Serve with P.R.I.D.E. Agency overview Formed 1592 Employees 6436 Legal personality Governmental: Government agency Jurisdictional structure Size 1,981 square miles (5,130 km) Population 1,310,000 (January, 2011) Legal jurisdiction Republic of Trinidad and Tobago General nature Law enforcement Civilian police Operational structure Headquarters Police Administration Building, Edward and Sackville Street, Port of Spain Police Officers 6500 Elected officer responsible Major General Edmund Dillon (Ret.), Minister of National Security Agency executive Stephen Williams, Commissioner of Police (Acting) Parent agency Ministry of National Security Facilities Police Stations 78 Website www.ttps.gov.tt Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in U.S. embassies and consulates across the globe. These overseas offices exist primarily for the purpose of coordination with foreign security services and do not usually conduct unilateral operations in the host countries. The FBI can and does at times carry out secret activities overseas, just as the CIA has a limited domestic function; these activities generally require coordination across government agencies. Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: The FBI's chief tool against organized crime is the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO) Act. The FBI is also charged with the responsibility of enforcing compliance of the United States Civil Rights Act of 1964 and investigating violations of the act in addition to prosecuting such violations with the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). The FBI also shares concurrent jurisdiction with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) in the enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. Title: United States Public Health Service Passage: United States Public Health Service Logo of the United States Public Health Service Flag of the U.S. Public Health Service Agency overview Formed 1798 (reorganized / renamed: 1871 / 1889 / 1902 / 1912) Jurisdiction Federal government of the United States Headquarters Hubert H. Humphrey Building Washington, D.C. Agency executive Admiral Brett Giroir, Assistant Secretary for Health Parent agency Department of Health and Human Services Website www.hhs.gov/ash ``Public Health Service March '' Title: Central Intelligence Agency Passage: Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national manager for coordination and deconfliction of HUMINT activities across the entire intelligence community. Moreover, CIA is the only agency authorized by law to carry out and oversee covert action on behalf of the President, unless the President determines that another agency is better suited for carrying out such action. It can, for example, exert foreign political influence through its tactical divisions, such as the Special Activities Division. Title: Securities commission Passage: There is no common name for securities commission or financial regulatory agency in each country. Naming has become more complicated as some governments have consolidated or merged organisations and given them a wider remit. They sometimes contain the term securities and commission. Such as the Securities and Exchange Commission of the US or Securities and Futures Commission (Hong Kong). A number also have names based on Financial Authority, such as the Financial Services Authority of the UK or Financial Supervisory Authority (Sweden) or variations such as the Financial Services Agency (Japan). Title: United States Department of Homeland Security Passage: Whereas the Department of Defense is charged with military actions abroad, the Department of Homeland Security works in the civilian sphere to protect the United States within, at, and outside its borders. Its stated goal is to prepare for, prevent, and respond to domestic emergencies, particularly terrorism. On March 1, 2003, DHS absorbed the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and assumed its duties. In doing so, it divided the enforcement and services functions into two separate and new agencies: Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Citizenship and Immigration Services. The investigative divisions and intelligence gathering units of the INS and Customs Service were merged forming Homeland Security Investigations. Additionally, the border enforcement functions of the INS, including the U.S. Border Patrol, the U.S. Customs Service, and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service were consolidated into a new agency under DHS: U.S. Customs and Border Protection. The Federal Protective Service falls under the National Protection and Programs Directorate. Title: Central Intelligence Agency Passage: Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelligence spending since 2007; the fiscal 2013 figure is $52.6 billion. According to the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures, the CIA's fiscal 2013 budget is $14.7 billion, 28% of the total and almost 50% more than the budget of the National Security Agency. CIA's HUMINT budget is $2.3 billion, the SIGINT budget is $1.7 billion, and spending for security and logistics of CIA missions is $2.5 billion. "Covert action programs", including a variety of activities such as the CIA's drone fleet and anti-Iranian nuclear program activities, accounts for $2.6 billion. Title: Internal security Passage: Governmental responsibility for internal security will generally rest with an interior ministry, as opposed to a defence ministry. Depending on the state, a state's internal security will be maintained by either the ordinary police or law enforcement agencies or more militarised police forces (known as Gendarmerie or, literally, the Internal Troops.). Other specialised internal security agencies may exist to augment these main forces, such as border guards, special police units, or aspects of the state's intelligence agencies. In some states, internal security may be the primary responsibility of a secret police force. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: Yugoslavia organized the Yugoslav People's Army (Jugoslavenska narodna armija, or JNA) from the Partisan movement and became the fourth strongest army in Europe at the time. The State Security Administration (Uprava državne bezbednosti/sigurnosti/varnosti, UDBA) was also formed as the new secret police, along with a security agency, the Department of People's Security (Organ Zaštite Naroda (Armije), OZNA). Yugoslav intelligence was charged with imprisoning and bringing to trial large numbers of Nazi collaborators; controversially, this included Catholic clergymen due to the widespread involvement of Croatian Catholic clergy with the Ustaša regime. Draža Mihailović was found guilty of collaboration, high treason and war crimes and was subsequently executed by firing squad in July 1946. Title: Securities and Exchange Board of India Passage: Securities and Exchange Board of India भारतीय प्रतिभूति और विनिमय बोर्ड SEBI Bhavan, Mumbai headquarters Agency overview Formed 12 April 1992 Jurisdiction Government of India Headquarters Mumbai, Maharashtra Employees 643 + (2012) Agency executive Ajay Tyagi, Chairman Website www.sebi.gov.in Title: United States Department of Homeland Security Passage: United States Department of Homeland Security Seal of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Flag of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Agency overview Formed November 25, 2002; 15 years ago (2002 - 11 - 25) Jurisdiction United States Headquarters Nebraska Avenue Complex, Washington, D.C., U.S 38 ° 56 ′ 17 ''N 77 ° 4 ′ 56'' W / 38.93806 ° N 77.08222 ° W / 38.93806; - 77.08222 Employees 229,000 (2017) Annual budget $40.6 billion (2017) Agency executives Kirstjen Nielsen, Secretary Elaine Duke, Deputy Secretary Child agencies United States Citizenship and Immigration Services U.S. Customs and Border Protection Federal Emergency Management Agency U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement Transportation Security Administration United States Coast Guard National Protection and Programs Directorate United States Secret Service Federal Law Enforcement Training Center Citizenship & Immigration Services Ombudsmen Domestic Nuclear Detection Office Management Directorate Office for Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Office of General Counsel Office of Health Affairs Office of Intelligence & Analysis Office of Legislative Affairs Office of Operations Coordination Office of Partnership & Engagement Office of Policy Office of Public Affairs Office of the Inspector General Privacy Office Science & Technology Directorate Website www.dhs.gov ``The DHS March '' Title: Near East Passage: The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a quasi-independent agency of the United States Government. It appears to have multiple leadership. On the one hand its director is appointed by the president. It plays a significant role in providing the president with intelligence. On the other hand, Congress oversees its operations through a committee. The CIA was first formed under the National Security Act of 1947 from the army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which furnished both military intelligence and clandestine military operations to the army during the crisis of World War II. Many revisions and redefinitions have taken place since then. Although the name of the CIA reflects the original advised intent of Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, the government's needs for strategic services have frustrated that intent from the beginning. The press received by the agency in countless articles, novels and other media have tended to create various popular myths; for example, that this agency replaced any intelligence effort other than that of the OSS, or that it contains the central intelligence capability of the United States. Strategic services are officially provided by some 17 agencies called the Intelligence Community. Army intelligence did not come to an end; in fact, all the branches of the Armed Forces retained their intelligence services. This community is currently under the leadership (in addition to all its other leadership) of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence.	[ "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "Federal Bureau of Investigation" ]
4hop2__53235_89746_57802_311656	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000", "title": "List of European countries by area" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the semi-finals, Canada won over the United States, and Sweden won over Finland. In the final, Canada defeated Sweden to win the tournament for the ninth time, and avenge their 1994 gold medal loss. Finland finished with the bronze medal, defeating the US, with captain Teemu Selänne awarded as the MVP of the tournament, scoring twice in the bronze - medal game.", "title": "Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arnold Kadlec (born January 8, 1959 in Most, Czechoslovakia) is a retired Czechoslovak ice hockey player. He played for the Czechoslovakian team in the 1980 and 1984 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal in 1984.", "title": "Arnold Kadlec" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph \"Momo\" Howard (born 22 May 1966 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an ice sledge hockey player from United States. Howard lost both of his legs at the age of 15. In 1982, he was introduced to ice sledge hockey, and competed in his first Winter Paralympics at the 1998. At those games, the USA came in seventh place but Howard set a record with six goals in one match. At the 2002 Winter Paralympics, Howard contributed with three points in a 5-1 defeat of Canada. In the Gold Medal game, After an overtime shootout victory, the Americans prevailed defeating defending champions Norway 4-3.", "title": "Joe Howard (sledge hockey)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union.", "title": "Miracle on Ice" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, U.S.A., was the 14th Olympic Championship. Twelve teams competed in the tournament, which was held from February 12 to 24. The United States won its second gold medal, including a win over the heavily favored Soviet Union that became known as the ``Miracle on Ice ''. Games were held at the Olympic Arena and the Olympic Fieldhouse.", "title": "Ice hockey at the 1980 Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brett Sonne (born May 16, 1989) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He is a former prospect of the St. Louis Blues organization, having been selected by the Blues in the third round, 85th overall, in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. He is the 2009 recipient of the Four Broncos Memorial Trophy as WHL player of the year. Sonne was a member of the gold medal winning Canadian team at the 2009 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships", "title": "Brett Sonne" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gordon Ross Hynes (born July 22, 1966) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman who played two seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Boston Bruins and Philadelphia Flyers. Hynes was a member of the Canadian 1992 Winter Olympics ice hockey team, winning a silver medal.", "title": "Gord Hynes" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbert Paul Brooks Jr. (August 5, 1937 -- August 11, 2003) was an American ice hockey player and coach. His most notable achievement came in 1980 as head coach of the gold medal - winning U.S. Olympic hockey team at Lake Placid. At the games, Brooks' US team upset the heavily favored Soviet team in a match that came to be known as the 'Miracle on Ice'. Brooks would go on to coach multiple NHL teams, as well as the French hockey team at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and ultimately returned to coach the US men's team to a silver medal at the 2002 games in Salt Lake City. Brooks was killed in a 2003 car accident. At the time of his death, Brooks was the Pittsburgh Penguins' director of player personnel.", "title": "Herb Brooks" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gemmell was born in 100 Mile House, British Columbia and lists his hometown as Quesnel, British Columbia. In 2004, he had his right leg amputated above the knee after an automobile accident. He began playing sledge hockey in 2006 with the Surrey Eagles. Gemmell won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2013 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships in Goyang, Korea, and a bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia.", "title": "James Gemmell" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ernie Hartlieb (born April 11, 1979) is a retired American ice hockey defenseman who primarily played with the Florida Everblades of the ECHL. Hartlieb has competed in the with the United States men's national inline hockey team at the IIHF InLine Hockey World Championship, winning a gold medal and an individual scoring title and Tournament \"Best Defensemen\" in 2004., and a silver medal and \"Best Defenseman\" award in 2009.", "title": "Ernie Hartlieb" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dipika Pallikal and Joshna Chinappa of India defeated Laura Massaro and Jenny Duncalf of England 11–6, 11–8 to win the gold medal.", "title": "Squash at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Women's doubles" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ezio Gamba (born 2 December 1958, in Brescia) is a retired judoka from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics (1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988). He claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) in 1980 by defeating Great Britain's Neil Adams.", "title": "Ezio Gamba" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Edward Mayasich (born May 22, 1933) is an American former ice hockey player of Croatian descent. He was a member of the U.S. ice hockey team that won a silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Winter Olympics.", "title": "John Mayasich" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After their gold medal win at the 1980 Olympics, the team's performance declined through the next three decades, with the team failing to win a medal at the Olympics or the World Cup. In 2016, the Indian men's team won its first ever silver medal in Champions Trophy and reached the knockout stage of the Olympics for the first time in 36 years. As of 2018, the team is ranked fifth in the world. From February 2018, the Government of Odisha has started sponsoring the Indian national field hockey team, both men and women team. In a first - of - its - kind association, the state has decided to support the India's field hockey team for next five years.", "title": "India men's national field hockey team" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Naina Yeltsina was rarely seen in public. She accompanied her husband on some of his foreign visits, including 1997 visits to Sweden, Finland, and a 1999 visit to China. As a rule, Naina Yeltsina never interfered in her husband's political work. However, in the 1996 election campaign, she met with voters and gave interviews to the media. A major public appearance was the state funeral of her late husband in Moscow in April 2007.", "title": "Naina Yeltsina" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Basketball contests at the 1964 Summer Olympics took place at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from October 11 to October 23. The United States defeated the Soviet Union to win their sixth straight gold medal at this event, while Brazil earned the bronze against Puerto Rico.", "title": "Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From 1938 to 1949 Drobný played center in the Czechoslovak ice hockey league. He was a Silver medalist with the Czechoslovak ice hockey team in the 1948 Olympics. In the final match, Czechoslovakia and Canada tied goalless but Canada won the gold medal due to a better overall goal average. Drobný scored 9 goals in 8 games at the Olympics. Jaroslav Drobný was also a member of the Czechoslovak national ice hockey team which won the gold medals at the 1947 World Ice Hockey Championships in Prague. He scored 15 goals in 7 games in the tournament including a hat-trick in the decisive victory over USA which gave his country its first ever World Championships title. In 1997, Drobný was inducted in the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Hall of Fame.", "title": "Jaroslav Drobný" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A total of 131 athletes won medals at the 1960 Games. The Soviet Union was awarded the most medals, with its athletes winning seven gold medals, five silver, and nine bronze, for a total of 21 medals overall. The United States placed second in medal count, with a total of 10 medals, and Germany placed third, with eight medals overall. Of the 30 NOCs competing in the 1960 Games, 14 won at least one medal, with 10 of these winning at least one gold medal. There was a bronze medal awarded to Theron Bailie, USA, for the development of the digital clock used for the first time in downhill skiing.", "title": "List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. This ensured that Yeltsin would be the political leader of the Russian successor state following dissolution. This situation resulted in political turmoil as the Soviet and Russian leadership wrestled for control, which culminated in the 1991 August Putsch, where the Soviet military attempted to overthrow Gorbachev. Although the coup was ultimately averted, this situation contributed to rising instability in the Soviet Union. By October 1991, as the USSR was on the verge of collapse, Yeltsin announced that Russia would proceed with radical reforms, including market - oriented reform along the lines of Poland's ``big bang '', also known as`` shock therapy''.", "title": "History of Russia (1991–present)" } ]	What is the place of death of the man who became leader of the largest country in europe by square miles, after the collapse of the political entity that the USA defeated for the ice hockey gold medal in 1980?	Moscow	[]	Title: Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics Passage: Basketball contests at the 1964 Summer Olympics took place at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from October 11 to October 23. The United States defeated the Soviet Union to win their sixth straight gold medal at this event, while Brazil earned the bronze against Puerto Rico. Title: Ice hockey at the 1980 Winter Olympics Passage: The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, U.S.A., was the 14th Olympic Championship. Twelve teams competed in the tournament, which was held from February 12 to 24. The United States won its second gold medal, including a win over the heavily favored Soviet Union that became known as the ``Miracle on Ice ''. Games were held at the Olympic Arena and the Olympic Fieldhouse. Title: List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners Passage: A total of 131 athletes won medals at the 1960 Games. The Soviet Union was awarded the most medals, with its athletes winning seven gold medals, five silver, and nine bronze, for a total of 21 medals overall. The United States placed second in medal count, with a total of 10 medals, and Germany placed third, with eight medals overall. Of the 30 NOCs competing in the 1960 Games, 14 won at least one medal, with 10 of these winning at least one gold medal. There was a bronze medal awarded to Theron Bailie, USA, for the development of the digital clock used for the first time in downhill skiing. Title: Naina Yeltsina Passage: Naina Yeltsina was rarely seen in public. She accompanied her husband on some of his foreign visits, including 1997 visits to Sweden, Finland, and a 1999 visit to China. As a rule, Naina Yeltsina never interfered in her husband's political work. However, in the 1996 election campaign, she met with voters and gave interviews to the media. A major public appearance was the state funeral of her late husband in Moscow in April 2007. Title: Herb Brooks Passage: Herbert Paul Brooks Jr. (August 5, 1937 -- August 11, 2003) was an American ice hockey player and coach. His most notable achievement came in 1980 as head coach of the gold medal - winning U.S. Olympic hockey team at Lake Placid. At the games, Brooks' US team upset the heavily favored Soviet team in a match that came to be known as the 'Miracle on Ice'. Brooks would go on to coach multiple NHL teams, as well as the French hockey team at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and ultimately returned to coach the US men's team to a silver medal at the 2002 games in Salt Lake City. Brooks was killed in a 2003 car accident. At the time of his death, Brooks was the Pittsburgh Penguins' director of player personnel. Title: Ezio Gamba Passage: Ezio Gamba (born 2 December 1958, in Brescia) is a retired judoka from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics (1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988). He claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) in 1980 by defeating Great Britain's Neil Adams. Title: Gord Hynes Passage: Gordon Ross Hynes (born July 22, 1966) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman who played two seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Boston Bruins and Philadelphia Flyers. Hynes was a member of the Canadian 1992 Winter Olympics ice hockey team, winning a silver medal. Title: List of European countries by area Passage: Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000 Title: Arnold Kadlec Passage: Arnold Kadlec (born January 8, 1959 in Most, Czechoslovakia) is a retired Czechoslovak ice hockey player. He played for the Czechoslovakian team in the 1980 and 1984 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal in 1984. Title: Miracle on Ice Passage: The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union. Title: Brett Sonne Passage: Brett Sonne (born May 16, 1989) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He is a former prospect of the St. Louis Blues organization, having been selected by the Blues in the third round, 85th overall, in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. He is the 2009 recipient of the Four Broncos Memorial Trophy as WHL player of the year. Sonne was a member of the gold medal winning Canadian team at the 2009 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships Title: History of Russia (1991–present) Passage: Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. This ensured that Yeltsin would be the political leader of the Russian successor state following dissolution. This situation resulted in political turmoil as the Soviet and Russian leadership wrestled for control, which culminated in the 1991 August Putsch, where the Soviet military attempted to overthrow Gorbachev. Although the coup was ultimately averted, this situation contributed to rising instability in the Soviet Union. By October 1991, as the USSR was on the verge of collapse, Yeltsin announced that Russia would proceed with radical reforms, including market - oriented reform along the lines of Poland's ``big bang '', also known as`` shock therapy''. Title: Ernie Hartlieb Passage: Ernie Hartlieb (born April 11, 1979) is a retired American ice hockey defenseman who primarily played with the Florida Everblades of the ECHL. Hartlieb has competed in the with the United States men's national inline hockey team at the IIHF InLine Hockey World Championship, winning a gold medal and an individual scoring title and Tournament "Best Defensemen" in 2004., and a silver medal and "Best Defenseman" award in 2009. Title: India men's national field hockey team Passage: After their gold medal win at the 1980 Olympics, the team's performance declined through the next three decades, with the team failing to win a medal at the Olympics or the World Cup. In 2016, the Indian men's team won its first ever silver medal in Champions Trophy and reached the knockout stage of the Olympics for the first time in 36 years. As of 2018, the team is ranked fifth in the world. From February 2018, the Government of Odisha has started sponsoring the Indian national field hockey team, both men and women team. In a first - of - its - kind association, the state has decided to support the India's field hockey team for next five years. Title: John Mayasich Passage: John Edward Mayasich (born May 22, 1933) is an American former ice hockey player of Croatian descent. He was a member of the U.S. ice hockey team that won a silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Winter Olympics. Title: James Gemmell Passage: Gemmell was born in 100 Mile House, British Columbia and lists his hometown as Quesnel, British Columbia. In 2004, he had his right leg amputated above the knee after an automobile accident. He began playing sledge hockey in 2006 with the Surrey Eagles. Gemmell won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2013 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships in Goyang, Korea, and a bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia. Title: Jaroslav Drobný Passage: From 1938 to 1949 Drobný played center in the Czechoslovak ice hockey league. He was a Silver medalist with the Czechoslovak ice hockey team in the 1948 Olympics. In the final match, Czechoslovakia and Canada tied goalless but Canada won the gold medal due to a better overall goal average. Drobný scored 9 goals in 8 games at the Olympics. Jaroslav Drobný was also a member of the Czechoslovak national ice hockey team which won the gold medals at the 1947 World Ice Hockey Championships in Prague. He scored 15 goals in 7 games in the tournament including a hat-trick in the decisive victory over USA which gave his country its first ever World Championships title. In 1997, Drobný was inducted in the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) Hall of Fame.	[ "List of European countries by area", "Miracle on Ice", "Naina Yeltsina", "History of Russia (1991–present)" ]
3hop1__84483_77757_384713	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Biggest Part of Me ''is a song by American band Ambrosia, from the album One Eighty. Released as a single in 1980, the song reached number 1 on the Radio and Records chart and number 3 on both the US Billboard Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary charts. The song was written by band member David Pack. Pack re-recorded the song on his 2005 album, The Secret of Movin 'On.", "title": "Biggest Part of Me" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the \"Son of Heaven\" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662.", "title": "Qing dynasty" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Hell in Paradise\" is a song by Yoko Ono from the 1985 album \"Starpeace\". The lyrics are about mankind's perceived idea of hell, despite living in the paradise that Ono considers to be planet Earth. After \"Walking on Thin Ice\", it was her biggest hit of the 1980s, charting at number 16 on the US dance chart. Ono went on hiatus after \"Starpeace\"; this would be her last proper single until 2001's remix of \"Open Your Box\".", "title": "Hell in Paradise" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues ''is a song by English singer Elton John, with music by John and Davey Johnstone and lyrics by Bernie Taupin. In the US, it was one of John's biggest hits of the 1980s, holding at # 2 for four weeks on the Adult Contemporary chart, and reaching # 4 on the Billboard Hot 100.", "title": "I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Escape (The Piña Colada Song) ''is a song written and recorded by British - born American singer Rupert Holmes for his album Partners in Crime. As the lead single for the album, the pop song was recommended by Billboard for radio broadcasters on September 29, 1979, then added to prominent US radio playlists in October -- November. Rising in popularity, the song peaked at the end of December to become the last US number one song of the 1970s.", "title": "Escape (The Piña Colada Song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States defeated England 1 -- 0 on 29 June 1950, in a group match of the 1950 FIFA World Cup at Estádio Independência in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The result is notable as one of the biggest shocks in the tournament's history.", "title": "United States v England (1950 FIFA World Cup)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.3 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion).", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Song dynasty is divided into two distinct periods, Northern and Southern. During the Northern Song (Chinese: 北宋; 960 -- 1127), the Song capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (Chinese: 南宋; 1127 -- 1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin -- Song Wars. During this time, the Song court retreated south of the Yangtze and established its capital at Lin'an (now Hangzhou). Although the Song dynasty had lost control of the traditional ``birthplace of Chinese civilization ''along the Yellow River, the Song economy was still strong, as the Southern Song Empire contained a large population and productive agricultural land. The Southern Song dynasty considerably bolstered its naval strength to defend its waters and land borders and to conduct maritime missions abroad. To repel the Jin, and later the Mongols, the Song developed revolutionary new military technology augmented by the use of gunpowder. In 1234, the Jin dynasty was conquered by the Mongols, who took control of northern China, maintaining uneasy relations with the Southern Song. Möngke Khan, the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, died in 1259 while besieging the city of Chongqing. His younger brother Kublai Khan was proclaimed the new Great Khan, though his claim was only partially recognized by the Mongols in the west. In 1271, Kublai Khan was proclaimed the Emperor of China. After two decades of sporadic warfare, Kublai Khan's armies conquered the Song dynasty in 1279. The Mongol invasion led to a reunification under the Yuan dynasty (1271 -- 1368).", "title": "Song dynasty" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Send Me an Angel ''is a 1983 song by Australian band Real Life. Initially released on Real Life's debut album Heartland, it is the band's best - known song. This version originally peaked in early 1984 in the US at No. 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song's biggest chart success, however, came in 1989, when an updated version entitled`` Send Me an Angel '89'' surpassed the original version from 1983. ``Send Me An Angel' 89 ''reached a peak of No. 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the summer of 1989 in the US.", "title": "Send Me an Angel (Real Life song)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Burning Love ''is a song written by Dennis Linde and originally recorded by country soul artist Arthur Alexander, who included it on his 1972 self - titled album. It was soon covered and brought to fame by Elvis Presley, becoming his biggest hit single in the United States since`` Suspicious Minds'' in 1969 and his last Top 10 hit in the American Hot 100 or pop charts.", "title": "Burning Love" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The defeat of Eugenius and his commander, the Frankish magister militum Arbogast, put the whole empire back in the hands of a single emperor for the last time until the final collapse of the Western Roman Empire (not considering the purely nominal claim of Zeno in 480). Theodosius passed", "title": "Battle of the Frigidus" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt. In response to the crisis of 2010, some proposals have surfaced for a collective European bond issue that would allow the central bank to purchase a European version of US Treasury bills. To make European sovereign debt assets more similar to a US Treasury, a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency would be necessary.[b] But the German government has resisted this proposal, and other analyses indicate that \"the sickness of the euro\" is due to the linkage between sovereign debt and failing national banking systems. If the European central bank were to deal directly with failing banking systems sovereign debt would not look as leveraged relative to national income in the financially weaker member states.", "title": "European Central Bank" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Debtor-in-possession financing or DIP financing is a special form of financing provided for companies in financial distress, typically during restructuring under corporate bankruptcy law (such as Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the US or CCAA in Canada). Usually, this debt is considered senior to all other debt, equity, and any other securities issued by a company — violating any \"absolute priority rule\" by placing the new financing ahead of a company's existing debts for payment.", "title": "Debtor-in-possession financing" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to \"The Secret History of the Mongols\", Chabi was the favorite wife of Kublai and a valued unofficial adviser throughout his reign. She was a patron of the arts and may have played a key role in advancing the interests of the young Venetian traveler, Marco Polo. It is suspected that Chabi herself may have come under Christian influence, like her mother-in-law, Sorghaghtani.", "title": "Chabi" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louise de Coligny (23 September 1555 – 9 November 1620) was a Princess consort of Orange as the fourth and last spouse of William the Silent. She was the daughter of Gaspard II de Coligny and Charlotte de Laval.", "title": "Louise de Coligny" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Somebody's Out There Watching\" is a song written by Steve Booker, Franne Golde and Robin Lerner, and recorded by American country music duo The Kinleys. It was released in November 1998 as the first single from \"\". The song reached number 19 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and became their biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #64 in March 1999. The duo included the song as the last track of their second album \"II\", released in 2000.", "title": "Somebody's Out There Watching" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sopot International Song Festival (later called \"Sopot Music Festival Grand Prix\", \"Sopot Top of the Top Festival\" from 2012–13 and \"Polsat Sopot Festival\" in 2014) is an annual international song contest held in Sopot, Poland. It was the biggest Polish music festival altogether with the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole, and one of the biggest song contests in Europe.", "title": "Sopot International Song Festival" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Asseiceira, fought on 16 May, 1834, was the last and decisive engagement of the Portuguese Civil War, or \"War of the Two Brothers\", between Dom Pedro, ex-Emperor of Brazil (fighting to restore his daughter Dona Maria da Glória as rightful Queen of Portugal) and the usurper Dom Miguel. Dom Miguel's rebel forces were defeated.", "title": "Battle of Asseiceira" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Meng Xuanzhe (孟玄喆) (937–991), courtesy name Zunsheng (遵聖), formally the Duke of Teng (滕國公), was a crown prince of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Shu under his father Meng Chang, the last emperor of the state. After Later Shu was destroyed by Song Dynasty, Meng Xuanzhe served as a general and official for Song.", "title": "Meng Xuanzhe" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roman Abramovich Abramovich in 2007 Roman Arkadyevich Abramovich 24 October 1966 (1966 - 10 - 24) (age 51) Saratov, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union Nationality Russian Israeli Occupation Businessman, entrepreneur, politician Known for Owner of Millhouse Capital Owner of Evraz Major shareholder of Norilsk Nickel Owner of Chelsea F.C. Net worth US $11.5 billion (2018) Spouse (s) Olga Lysova (m. 1987; div. 1990) Irina Malandina (m. 1991; div. 2007) Dasha Zhukova (m. 2008; div. 2017) Children 7 Awards Order of Honour Order of Friendship Governor of Chukotka In office 17 December 2000 -- 3 July 2008 Preceded by Alexander Nazarov Succeeded by Roman Kopin", "title": "Roman Abramovich" } ]	Who is the spouse of the person who defeated the last song emperor of the country that is the biggest owner of US debt?	Chabi	[]	Title: Song dynasty Passage: The Song dynasty is divided into two distinct periods, Northern and Southern. During the Northern Song (Chinese: 北宋; 960 -- 1127), the Song capital was in the northern city of Bianjing (now Kaifeng) and the dynasty controlled most of what is now Eastern China. The Southern Song (Chinese: 南宋; 1127 -- 1279) refers to the period after the Song lost control of its northern half to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in the Jin -- Song Wars. During this time, the Song court retreated south of the Yangtze and established its capital at Lin'an (now Hangzhou). Although the Song dynasty had lost control of the traditional ``birthplace of Chinese civilization ''along the Yellow River, the Song economy was still strong, as the Southern Song Empire contained a large population and productive agricultural land. The Southern Song dynasty considerably bolstered its naval strength to defend its waters and land borders and to conduct maritime missions abroad. To repel the Jin, and later the Mongols, the Song developed revolutionary new military technology augmented by the use of gunpowder. In 1234, the Jin dynasty was conquered by the Mongols, who took control of northern China, maintaining uneasy relations with the Southern Song. Möngke Khan, the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, died in 1259 while besieging the city of Chongqing. His younger brother Kublai Khan was proclaimed the new Great Khan, though his claim was only partially recognized by the Mongols in the west. In 1271, Kublai Khan was proclaimed the Emperor of China. After two decades of sporadic warfare, Kublai Khan's armies conquered the Song dynasty in 1279. The Mongol invasion led to a reunification under the Yuan dynasty (1271 -- 1368). Title: Roman Abramovich Passage: Roman Abramovich Abramovich in 2007 Roman Arkadyevich Abramovich 24 October 1966 (1966 - 10 - 24) (age 51) Saratov, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union Nationality Russian Israeli Occupation Businessman, entrepreneur, politician Known for Owner of Millhouse Capital Owner of Evraz Major shareholder of Norilsk Nickel Owner of Chelsea F.C. Net worth US $11.5 billion (2018) Spouse (s) Olga Lysova (m. 1987; div. 1990) Irina Malandina (m. 1991; div. 2007) Dasha Zhukova (m. 2008; div. 2017) Children 7 Awards Order of Honour Order of Friendship Governor of Chukotka In office 17 December 2000 -- 3 July 2008 Preceded by Alexander Nazarov Succeeded by Roman Kopin Title: Battle of the Frigidus Passage: The defeat of Eugenius and his commander, the Frankish magister militum Arbogast, put the whole empire back in the hands of a single emperor for the last time until the final collapse of the Western Roman Empire (not considering the purely nominal claim of Zeno in 480). Theodosius passed Title: Send Me an Angel (Real Life song) Passage: ``Send Me an Angel ''is a 1983 song by Australian band Real Life. Initially released on Real Life's debut album Heartland, it is the band's best - known song. This version originally peaked in early 1984 in the US at No. 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song's biggest chart success, however, came in 1989, when an updated version entitled`` Send Me an Angel '89'' surpassed the original version from 1983. ``Send Me An Angel' 89 ''reached a peak of No. 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in the summer of 1989 in the US. Title: Battle of Asseiceira Passage: The Battle of Asseiceira, fought on 16 May, 1834, was the last and decisive engagement of the Portuguese Civil War, or "War of the Two Brothers", between Dom Pedro, ex-Emperor of Brazil (fighting to restore his daughter Dona Maria da Glória as rightful Queen of Portugal) and the usurper Dom Miguel. Dom Miguel's rebel forces were defeated. Title: I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues Passage: ``I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues ''is a song by English singer Elton John, with music by John and Davey Johnstone and lyrics by Bernie Taupin. In the US, it was one of John's biggest hits of the 1980s, holding at # 2 for four weeks on the Adult Contemporary chart, and reaching # 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. Title: Somebody's Out There Watching Passage: "Somebody's Out There Watching" is a song written by Steve Booker, Franne Golde and Robin Lerner, and recorded by American country music duo The Kinleys. It was released in November 1998 as the first single from "". The song reached number 19 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, and became their biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #64 in March 1999. The duo included the song as the last track of their second album "II", released in 2000. Title: Burning Love Passage: ``Burning Love ''is a song written by Dennis Linde and originally recorded by country soul artist Arthur Alexander, who included it on his 1972 self - titled album. It was soon covered and brought to fame by Elvis Presley, becoming his biggest hit single in the United States since`` Suspicious Minds'' in 1969 and his last Top 10 hit in the American Hot 100 or pop charts. Title: National debt of the United States Passage: As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.3 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion). Title: Meng Xuanzhe Passage: Meng Xuanzhe (孟玄喆) (937–991), courtesy name Zunsheng (遵聖), formally the Duke of Teng (滕國公), was a crown prince of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Shu under his father Meng Chang, the last emperor of the state. After Later Shu was destroyed by Song Dynasty, Meng Xuanzhe served as a general and official for Song. Title: Debtor-in-possession financing Passage: Debtor-in-possession financing or DIP financing is a special form of financing provided for companies in financial distress, typically during restructuring under corporate bankruptcy law (such as Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the US or CCAA in Canada). Usually, this debt is considered senior to all other debt, equity, and any other securities issued by a company — violating any "absolute priority rule" by placing the new financing ahead of a company's existing debts for payment. Title: Chabi Passage: According to "The Secret History of the Mongols", Chabi was the favorite wife of Kublai and a valued unofficial adviser throughout his reign. She was a patron of the arts and may have played a key role in advancing the interests of the young Venetian traveler, Marco Polo. It is suspected that Chabi herself may have come under Christian influence, like her mother-in-law, Sorghaghtani. Title: European Central Bank Passage: The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt. In response to the crisis of 2010, some proposals have surfaced for a collective European bond issue that would allow the central bank to purchase a European version of US Treasury bills. To make European sovereign debt assets more similar to a US Treasury, a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency would be necessary.[b] But the German government has resisted this proposal, and other analyses indicate that "the sickness of the euro" is due to the linkage between sovereign debt and failing national banking systems. If the European central bank were to deal directly with failing banking systems sovereign debt would not look as leveraged relative to national income in the financially weaker member states. Title: Biggest Part of Me Passage: ``Biggest Part of Me ''is a song by American band Ambrosia, from the album One Eighty. Released as a single in 1980, the song reached number 1 on the Radio and Records chart and number 3 on both the US Billboard Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary charts. The song was written by band member David Pack. Pack re-recorded the song on his 2005 album, The Secret of Movin 'On. Title: Hell in Paradise Passage: "Hell in Paradise" is a song by Yoko Ono from the 1985 album "Starpeace". The lyrics are about mankind's perceived idea of hell, despite living in the paradise that Ono considers to be planet Earth. After "Walking on Thin Ice", it was her biggest hit of the 1980s, charting at number 16 on the US dance chart. Ono went on hiatus after "Starpeace"; this would be her last proper single until 2001's remix of "Open Your Box". Title: Escape (The Piña Colada Song) Passage: ``Escape (The Piña Colada Song) ''is a song written and recorded by British - born American singer Rupert Holmes for his album Partners in Crime. As the lead single for the album, the pop song was recommended by Billboard for radio broadcasters on September 29, 1979, then added to prominent US radio playlists in October -- November. Rising in popularity, the song peaked at the end of December to become the last US number one song of the 1970s. Title: Sopot International Song Festival Passage: The Sopot International Song Festival (later called "Sopot Music Festival Grand Prix", "Sopot Top of the Top Festival" from 2012–13 and "Polsat Sopot Festival" in 2014) is an annual international song contest held in Sopot, Poland. It was the biggest Polish music festival altogether with the National Festival of Polish Song in Opole, and one of the biggest song contests in Europe.	[ "National debt of the United States", "Song dynasty", "Chabi" ]
2hop__11212_52135	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Desnianskyi District () is an administrative raion (district or borough) of the city of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city on the Left Bank of the Dnieper River and is the most populous district of Kiev. It is also the second largest district with the total area of ca. 14.8 ha.", "title": "Desnianskyi District, Kiev" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston was incorporated in 1837 under the ward system of representation. The ward designation is the progenitor of the eleven current-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts. Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 Loop. The inside encompasses the central business district and many residential neighborhoods that predate World War II. More recently, high-density residential areas have been developed within the loop. The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop. Beltway 8 encircles the city another 5 miles (8.0 km) farther out.", "title": "Houston" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gandhi Maidan or Gandhi Maidan Marg is one of the most important thoroughfares in Patna, India. It is a historical place and is considered as a landmark of the city. Gandhi Maidan is the main market and commercial area of Patna with Ashok Rajpath which starts from Gandhi Maidan and Dak Bungalow Crossing and Bailey Road besides Frazer Road, Exhibition Road, Boring Road, and Boring Canal Road. There are many important institutes that have developed around the area of Gandhi Maidan.", "title": "Gandhi Maidan Marg" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maanpää is a district of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located in the western part of the island of Hirvensalo, off the city's coastline. The district also includes some small islands to the west of Hirvensalo.", "title": "Maanpää" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gandhi Smriti in New Delhi is the location where Mahatma Gandhi spent the last 144 days of his life and was assassinated on 30 January 1948. Rajghat is the place where Mahatma Gandhi was cremated on 31 January 1948 after his assassination and his ashes were buried and make it a final resting place beside the sanctity of the Yamuna River. The Raj Ghat in the shape of large square platform with black marble was designed by architect Vanu Bhuta.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Devdas Mohandas Gandhi (22 May 1900 – 3 August 1957) was the fourth and youngest son of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born in South Africa and returned to India with his parents as a young man. He became active in his father's movement, spending many terms in jail. He also became a prominent journalist, serving as editor of Hindustan Times.", "title": "Devdas Gandhi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Intepe is a sub-district of the central (Çanakkale) district of Çanakkale Province, Turkey. It is located in the Dardanelles area, north of the city of Çanakkale.", "title": "Intepe" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mahatma Gandhi High School, Sheragada is located in Asika subdivision of Ganjam district of Odisha. It was established in 1947.", "title": "Mahatma Gandhi High School, Sheragada" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar", "title": "List of districts of Delhi" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Haarla (Finnish; \"Harlax\" in Swedish) is a district and a suburb of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located in the southern part of the island of Hirvensalo, off the city's coastline. The bridge between Hirvensalo and Satava is located in Haarla.", "title": "Haarla" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gandhi Memorial Museum, established in 1959, is a memorial museum for Gandhi located in the city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India. Known as Gandhi Museum, it is now one of the five Gandhi Sanghralayas (Gandhi Museums) in the country. It includes a part of the blood-stained garment worn by Gandhi when he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse.", "title": "Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bapunagar is a neighbourhood in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is located in the eastern part of the city, in the Rakhial ward. Its name derives from the word \"Bapu\", which refers to Gandhi, who was popularly called \"Bapu\", or Father.", "title": "Bapunagar" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census);", "title": "Podolsky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sevagram is a small village, located about 8 km from Wardha. Mahatma Gandhi set up his ashram in the outskirts of the village when barely 1,000 people lived there. Seth Jamnalal Bajaj of Wardha, a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, made available to the ashram about 300 acres (1.2 km) of land. Near the ashram there is a museum where artifacts of India's freedom struggle are preserved.", "title": "Sevagram" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sloviansk Raion () is one of the 18 districts of Donetsk Oblast, located in southeastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sloviansk, which is separately incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population: .", "title": "Sloviansk Raion" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", also known as , is a Buddhist temple in the city of Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The temple is located in the central Chūō District in the city of Chiba. Chiba-dera is one of many Buddhist temples in the region that, according to tradition, was established by the priest Gyōki (668–749). Chiba-dera is a temple of the Shingon Buzan Sect, and is temple number 29 in the Bandō Sanjūsankasho, or the circuit of 33 Buddhist temples in eastern Japan sacred to the Goddess Kannon.", "title": "Chiba-dera" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Detroit City High School was a secondary school located in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was one of the many public high schools in the Detroit Public School District. It closed in 2012.", "title": "Detroit City High School" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tata Centre is a high-rise located in Kolkata, India. It is located in the central business district of the city beside Jawaharlal Nehru Road.", "title": "Tata Centre" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lorain City School District is a public school district serving the city of Lorain, Ohio, which is located 25 miles west of Cleveland. The district is the tenth largest urban school district in the State of Ohio.", "title": "Lorain City School District" } ]	How many districts are there in the city where the Gandhi Smriti is located?	11	[]	Title: Houston Passage: Houston was incorporated in 1837 under the ward system of representation. The ward designation is the progenitor of the eleven current-day geographically oriented Houston City Council districts. Locations in Houston are generally classified as either being inside or outside the Interstate 610 Loop. The inside encompasses the central business district and many residential neighborhoods that predate World War II. More recently, high-density residential areas have been developed within the loop. The city's outlying areas, suburbs and enclaves are located outside of the loop. Beltway 8 encircles the city another 5 miles (8.0 km) farther out. Title: Sevagram Passage: Sevagram is a small village, located about 8 km from Wardha. Mahatma Gandhi set up his ashram in the outskirts of the village when barely 1,000 people lived there. Seth Jamnalal Bajaj of Wardha, a disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, made available to the ashram about 300 acres (1.2 km) of land. Near the ashram there is a museum where artifacts of India's freedom struggle are preserved. Title: Chiba-dera Passage: , also known as , is a Buddhist temple in the city of Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. The temple is located in the central Chūō District in the city of Chiba. Chiba-dera is one of many Buddhist temples in the region that, according to tradition, was established by the priest Gyōki (668–749). Chiba-dera is a temple of the Shingon Buzan Sect, and is temple number 29 in the Bandō Sanjūsankasho, or the circuit of 33 Buddhist temples in eastern Japan sacred to the Goddess Kannon. Title: Gandhi Memorial Museum, Madurai Passage: Gandhi Memorial Museum, established in 1959, is a memorial museum for Gandhi located in the city of Madurai in Tamil Nadu, India. Known as Gandhi Museum, it is now one of the five Gandhi Sanghralayas (Gandhi Museums) in the country. It includes a part of the blood-stained garment worn by Gandhi when he was assassinated by Nathuram Godse. Title: Maanpää Passage: Maanpää is a district of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located in the western part of the island of Hirvensalo, off the city's coastline. The district also includes some small islands to the west of Hirvensalo. Title: Sloviansk Raion Passage: Sloviansk Raion () is one of the 18 districts of Donetsk Oblast, located in southeastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the district is the city of Sloviansk, which is separately incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population: . Title: Intepe Passage: Intepe is a sub-district of the central (Çanakkale) district of Çanakkale Province, Turkey. It is located in the Dardanelles area, north of the city of Çanakkale. Title: Tata Centre Passage: Tata Centre is a high-rise located in Kolkata, India. It is located in the central business district of the city beside Jawaharlal Nehru Road. Title: New Delhi Passage: Gandhi Smriti in New Delhi is the location where Mahatma Gandhi spent the last 144 days of his life and was assassinated on 30 January 1948. Rajghat is the place where Mahatma Gandhi was cremated on 31 January 1948 after his assassination and his ashes were buried and make it a final resting place beside the sanctity of the Yamuna River. The Raj Ghat in the shape of large square platform with black marble was designed by architect Vanu Bhuta. Title: Podolsky District Passage: Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census); Title: Bapunagar Passage: Bapunagar is a neighbourhood in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is located in the eastern part of the city, in the Rakhial ward. Its name derives from the word "Bapu", which refers to Gandhi, who was popularly called "Bapu", or Father. Title: Lorain City School District Passage: The Lorain City School District is a public school district serving the city of Lorain, Ohio, which is located 25 miles west of Cleveland. The district is the tenth largest urban school district in the State of Ohio. Title: Detroit City High School Passage: Detroit City High School was a secondary school located in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was one of the many public high schools in the Detroit Public School District. It closed in 2012. Title: Mahatma Gandhi High School, Sheragada Passage: Mahatma Gandhi High School, Sheragada is located in Asika subdivision of Ganjam district of Odisha. It was established in 1947. Title: List of districts of Delhi Passage: Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Devdas Gandhi Passage: Devdas Mohandas Gandhi (22 May 1900 – 3 August 1957) was the fourth and youngest son of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born in South Africa and returned to India with his parents as a young man. He became active in his father's movement, spending many terms in jail. He also became a prominent journalist, serving as editor of Hindustan Times.	[ "New Delhi", "List of districts of Delhi" ]
2hop__712682_321254	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Je suis l'enfant soleil\" (translated: \"I Am the Sun Child\" or \"I'm A Child of the Sun\") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in French by Anne-Marie David. David had won Eurovision six years earlier, representing Luxembourg at the 1973 Contest with \"Tu te reconnaîtras\".", "title": "Je suis l'enfant soleil" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty' is a cultivar raised by Dutch nurseryman Henry Schiphorst at Wageningen in 1962. 'Border Beauty' was for a time misnamed 'Boskoop Beauty' by some English nurseries.", "title": "Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty'" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film, Beauty and the Beast. Originally released on October 29, 1991, by Walt Disney Records, the album's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film's musical number s, all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman, while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score, composed solely by Menken. While the majority of the album's content remains within the musical theatre genre, its songs have also been influenced by French, classical, pop and Broadway music. Credited to Various Artists, Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film's main cast -- Paige O'Hara, Richard White, Jesse Corti, Jerry Orbach, Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance. Additionally, the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson, who perform a pop rendition of the film's title and theme song, ``Beauty and the Beast '', which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack's only single.", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Candice Morgan (born 27 December 1980 in Lenasia, Johannesburg, South Africa) is an actress and former beauty queen from South Africa. Morgan was crowned Miss Deaf South Africa 2004 at the Performer Theater in Pretoria. She was crowned Miss Deaf World in July of the same year in Prague, Czech Republic.", "title": "Candice Morgan" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After completing tryouts in Houston, Beauty and the Beast premiered on Broadway on April 18, 1994, starring Susan Egan and Terrence Mann as the eponymous Belle and Beast, respectively. The musical opened to mixed reviews from theatre critics, but was a massive commercial success and well received by audiences. Beauty ran on Broadway for 5,461 performances between 1994 and 2007, becoming Broadway's tenth longest - running production in history. The musical has grossed more than $1.4 billion worldwide and played in thirteen countries and 115 cities. It has also become a popular choice for high school productions.", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (musical)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Date: Feb 3, 2013 Location: Mercedes - Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: ``Run The World (Girls) ''(Intro) / Vince Lombardi`` Excellence'' speech voiceover ``Love on Top ''(chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)`` Crazy in Love'' (Beyoncé) ``End of Time ''(Beyoncé)`` Baby Boy'' (Beyoncé) ``Bootylicious ''(Destiny's Child)`` Independent Women Part I'' (Destiny's Child) ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''(Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)`` Halo'' (Beyoncé)", "title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A performer from an early age and a graduate of the Juilliard School, Christina Courtin released her first, self-titled, album in June 2009 on Nonesuch Records, of which Patrick McKiernan of website allgigs.co.uk stated, \"It's nothing short of immense how beautiful this girl's debut album is.\" She was featured on NPR's World Cafe in 2009. She performs regularly with The Knights, an ensemble founded by fellow Juilliard graduates, brothers Colin and Eric Jacobsen.", "title": "Christina Courtin" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It featured Harper Simon, Paul Simon's son. Also, its drummer was Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear.", "title": "Menlo Park (band)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In January 2013, Destiny's Child released Love Songs, a compilation album of the romance-themed songs from their previous albums and a newly recorded track, \"Nuclear\". Beyoncé performed the American national anthem singing along with a pre-recorded track at President Obama's second inauguration in Washington, D.C. The following month, Beyoncé performed at the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show, held at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The performance stands as the second most tweeted about moment in history at 268,000 tweets per minute. At the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé won for Best Traditional R&B Performance for \"Love on Top\". Her feature-length documentary film, Life Is But a Dream, first aired on HBO on February 16, 2013. The film, which she directed and produced herself, featured footage from her childhood, her as a mother and businesswoman, recording, rehearsing for live performances, and her return to the spotlight following Blue Ivy's birth. Its DVD release in November 2013 was accompanied by footage from the Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live concerts and a new song, \"God Made You Beautiful\". In February 2013, Beyoncé signed a global publishing agreement with Warner/Chappell Music, which would cover her future songwriting and then-upcoming studio album.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World) ''is a song written and performed by American songwriter, singer and musician Donald Fagen. It was the first track of his Platinum - certified debut solo album The Nightfly, and was released in September 1982 as its first single. It charted well on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Rock, R&B Singles and Adult Contemporary charts.", "title": "I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fiona Kennedy Clark, OBE, DL is a Scottish singer, actress, and broadcaster, and the daughter of Scottish and Gaelic singers Calum Kennedy and Anne Gillies. As a child, she appeared with her parents as they performed as a family, and this developed into a successful solo career.", "title": "Fiona Kennedy" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film, Beauty and the Beast. Originally released on October 24, 1991, by Walt Disney Records, the album's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film's musical number s, all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman, while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score, composed solely by Menken. While the majority of the album's content remains within the musical theatre genre, its songs have also been influenced by French, classical, pop and Broadway music. Credited to Various Artists, Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film's main cast -- Paige O'Hara, Richard White, Jesse Corti, Jerry Orbach, Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance. Additionally, the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson, who perform a pop rendition of the film's title and theme song, ``Beauty and the Beast '', which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack's only single.", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film \"Friday the 13th\". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason.", "title": "Ari Lehman" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After completing tryouts in Houston, Beauty and the Beast premiered on Broadway on April 18, 1994, starring Susan Egan and Terrence Mann as the eponymous Belle and Beast, respectively. The musical opened to mixed reviews from theatre critics, but was a massive commercial success and well received by audiences. Beauty ran on Broadway for 5,461 performances for thirteen years (1994 - 2007), becoming Broadway's tenth longest - running production in history. The musical has grossed more than $1.4 billion worldwide and played in thirteen countries and 115 cities. It has also become a popular choice for high school productions.", "title": "Beauty and the Beast (musical)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fantine ( ) is a fictional character in Victor Hugo's 1862 novel \"Les Misérables\". She is a young orphaned \"grisette\" in Paris who becomes pregnant by a rich student. After he abandons her, she is forced to look after their child, Cosette, on her own. Originally a pretty and naïve girl, Fantine is eventually forced by circumstances to become a prostitute, selling her hair and front teeth, losing her beauty and health. The money she earns is sent to support her daughter.", "title": "Fantine" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "What Price Beauty? is a 1928 American silent drama film directed by Tom Buckingham and starring Nita Naldi, Natacha Rambova and Pierre Gendron. Shot in May 1925 but not released until January 1928, the film features the future star Myrna Loy in a small role. Her performance attracted widespread interest, boosting her career.", "title": "What Price Beauty?" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 film Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri starts with The Last Rose of Summer, performed by Renée Fleming from the CD The Beautiful Voice by Renée Fleming, the English Chamber Orchestra & Jeffrey Tate 1998) The version performed is part of the opera Martha by Friedrich von Flotow. In this starting scene of Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri, the profound melancholy at the heart of the film is expressed by this song that depicts the passing of youth, beauty and ultimately life itself; a theme that is also known as Vanitas.", "title": "The Last Rose of Summer" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As prophesied, the lady gives birth to a child, and names him ``Yonec ''. When the child is grown, the husband, the lady, and Yonec travel to an abbey, where they see a beautiful tomb. They ask the abbot about the tomb, who explains that this is the tomb of Muldumarec. At this time, Yonec's mother tells him of his true parentage, and gives him his father's sword. She collapses and dies. Yonec kills his stepfather with the sword, thus avenging his real parents. He buries his mother alongside his father, and Yonec becomes the new lord of Caerwent.", "title": "Yonec" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "So Beautiful or So What is the twelfth solo studio album by American folk rock singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was released on April 8, 2011, by Hear Music.", "title": "So Beautiful or So What" } ]	Who is the son of the singer-songwriter who produced the album So Beautiful or So What?	Harper Simon	[]	Title: Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty' Passage: Buddleja davidii 'Border Beauty' is a cultivar raised by Dutch nurseryman Henry Schiphorst at Wageningen in 1962. 'Border Beauty' was for a time misnamed 'Boskoop Beauty' by some English nurseries. Title: Beyoncé Passage: In January 2013, Destiny's Child released Love Songs, a compilation album of the romance-themed songs from their previous albums and a newly recorded track, "Nuclear". Beyoncé performed the American national anthem singing along with a pre-recorded track at President Obama's second inauguration in Washington, D.C. The following month, Beyoncé performed at the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show, held at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans. The performance stands as the second most tweeted about moment in history at 268,000 tweets per minute. At the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Beyoncé won for Best Traditional R&B Performance for "Love on Top". Her feature-length documentary film, Life Is But a Dream, first aired on HBO on February 16, 2013. The film, which she directed and produced herself, featured footage from her childhood, her as a mother and businesswoman, recording, rehearsing for live performances, and her return to the spotlight following Blue Ivy's birth. Its DVD release in November 2013 was accompanied by footage from the Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live concerts and a new song, "God Made You Beautiful". In February 2013, Beyoncé signed a global publishing agreement with Warner/Chappell Music, which would cover her future songwriting and then-upcoming studio album. Title: Ari Lehman Passage: Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film "Friday the 13th". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason. Title: I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World) Passage: ``I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World) ''is a song written and performed by American songwriter, singer and musician Donald Fagen. It was the first track of his Platinum - certified debut solo album The Nightfly, and was released in September 1982 as its first single. It charted well on the Billboard Hot 100, Mainstream Rock, R&B Singles and Adult Contemporary charts. Title: Beauty and the Beast (musical) Passage: After completing tryouts in Houston, Beauty and the Beast premiered on Broadway on April 18, 1994, starring Susan Egan and Terrence Mann as the eponymous Belle and Beast, respectively. The musical opened to mixed reviews from theatre critics, but was a massive commercial success and well received by audiences. Beauty ran on Broadway for 5,461 performances between 1994 and 2007, becoming Broadway's tenth longest - running production in history. The musical has grossed more than $1.4 billion worldwide and played in thirteen countries and 115 cities. It has also become a popular choice for high school productions. Title: Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack) Passage: Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film, Beauty and the Beast. Originally released on October 29, 1991, by Walt Disney Records, the album's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film's musical number s, all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman, while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score, composed solely by Menken. While the majority of the album's content remains within the musical theatre genre, its songs have also been influenced by French, classical, pop and Broadway music. Credited to Various Artists, Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film's main cast -- Paige O'Hara, Richard White, Jesse Corti, Jerry Orbach, Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance. Additionally, the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson, who perform a pop rendition of the film's title and theme song, ``Beauty and the Beast '', which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack's only single. Title: Fiona Kennedy Passage: Fiona Kennedy Clark, OBE, DL is a Scottish singer, actress, and broadcaster, and the daughter of Scottish and Gaelic singers Calum Kennedy and Anne Gillies. As a child, she appeared with her parents as they performed as a family, and this developed into a successful solo career. Title: Christina Courtin Passage: A performer from an early age and a graduate of the Juilliard School, Christina Courtin released her first, self-titled, album in June 2009 on Nonesuch Records, of which Patrick McKiernan of website allgigs.co.uk stated, "It's nothing short of immense how beautiful this girl's debut album is." She was featured on NPR's World Cafe in 2009. She performs regularly with The Knights, an ensemble founded by fellow Juilliard graduates, brothers Colin and Eric Jacobsen. Title: Candice Morgan Passage: Candice Morgan (born 27 December 1980 in Lenasia, Johannesburg, South Africa) is an actress and former beauty queen from South Africa. Morgan was crowned Miss Deaf South Africa 2004 at the Performer Theater in Pretoria. She was crowned Miss Deaf World in July of the same year in Prague, Czech Republic. Title: So Beautiful or So What Passage: So Beautiful or So What is the twelfth solo studio album by American folk rock singer-songwriter Paul Simon. It was released on April 8, 2011, by Hear Music. Title: The Last Rose of Summer Passage: The 2017 film Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri starts with The Last Rose of Summer, performed by Renée Fleming from the CD The Beautiful Voice by Renée Fleming, the English Chamber Orchestra & Jeffrey Tate 1998) The version performed is part of the opera Martha by Friedrich von Flotow. In this starting scene of Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri, the profound melancholy at the heart of the film is expressed by this song that depicts the passing of youth, beauty and ultimately life itself; a theme that is also known as Vanitas. Title: Menlo Park (band) Passage: It featured Harper Simon, Paul Simon's son. Also, its drummer was Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear. Title: Beauty and the Beast (musical) Passage: After completing tryouts in Houston, Beauty and the Beast premiered on Broadway on April 18, 1994, starring Susan Egan and Terrence Mann as the eponymous Belle and Beast, respectively. The musical opened to mixed reviews from theatre critics, but was a massive commercial success and well received by audiences. Beauty ran on Broadway for 5,461 performances for thirteen years (1994 - 2007), becoming Broadway's tenth longest - running production in history. The musical has grossed more than $1.4 billion worldwide and played in thirteen countries and 115 cities. It has also become a popular choice for high school productions. Title: Yonec Passage: As prophesied, the lady gives birth to a child, and names him ``Yonec ''. When the child is grown, the husband, the lady, and Yonec travel to an abbey, where they see a beautiful tomb. They ask the abbot about the tomb, who explains that this is the tomb of Muldumarec. At this time, Yonec's mother tells him of his true parentage, and gives him his father's sword. She collapses and dies. Yonec kills his stepfather with the sword, thus avenging his real parents. He buries his mother alongside his father, and Yonec becomes the new lord of Caerwent. Title: Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack) Passage: Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film, Beauty and the Beast. Originally released on October 24, 1991, by Walt Disney Records, the album's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film's musical number s, all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman, while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score, composed solely by Menken. While the majority of the album's content remains within the musical theatre genre, its songs have also been influenced by French, classical, pop and Broadway music. Credited to Various Artists, Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film's main cast -- Paige O'Hara, Richard White, Jesse Corti, Jerry Orbach, Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance. Additionally, the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson, who perform a pop rendition of the film's title and theme song, ``Beauty and the Beast '', which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack's only single. Title: Je suis l'enfant soleil Passage: "Je suis l'enfant soleil" (translated: "I Am the Sun Child" or "I'm A Child of the Sun") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in French by Anne-Marie David. David had won Eurovision six years earlier, representing Luxembourg at the 1973 Contest with "Tu te reconnaîtras". Title: What Price Beauty? Passage: What Price Beauty? is a 1928 American silent drama film directed by Tom Buckingham and starring Nita Naldi, Natacha Rambova and Pierre Gendron. Shot in May 1925 but not released until January 1928, the film features the future star Myrna Loy in a small role. Her performance attracted widespread interest, boosting her career.	[ "Menlo Park (band)", "So Beautiful or So What" ]
3hop1__16364_728452_124684	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy dates back to the late 18th century, when animals were introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders. Animal-assisted intervention research has shown that animal-assisted therapy with a dog can increase social behaviors, such as smiling and laughing, among people with Alzheimer's disease. One study demonstrated that children with ADHD and conduct disorders who participated in an education program with dogs and other animals showed increased attendance, increased knowledge and skill objectives, and decreased antisocial and violent behavior compared to those who were not in an animal-assisted program.", "title": "Dog" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1911 arsphenamine, the first synthetic anti-infective drug, was developed by Paul Ehrlich and chemist Alfred Bertheim of the Institute of Experimental Therapy in Berlin. The drug was given the commercial name Salvarsan. Ehrlich, noting both the general toxicity of arsenic and the selective absorption of certain dyes by bacteria, hypothesized that an arsenic-containing dye with similar selective absorption properties could be used to treat bacterial infections. Arsphenamine was prepared as part of a campaign to synthesize a series of such compounds, and found to exhibit partially selective toxicity. Arsphenamine proved to be the first effective treatment for syphilis, a disease which prior to that time was incurable and led inexorably to severe skin ulceration, neurological damage, and death.[citation needed]", "title": "Pharmaceutical industry" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Waters was born on 6 September 1943, the younger of two boys, to Mary (née Whyte; 1913–2009) and Eric Fletcher Waters (1914–1944), in Great Bookham, Surrey. His father, the son of a coal miner and Labour Party activist, was a schoolteacher, a devout Christian, and a Communist Party member. In the early years of the Second World War, Waters' father was a conscientious objector who drove an ambulance during the Blitz.", "title": "Roger Waters" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Presidential Reunion is an American comedy Web short directed by Ron Howard and starring \"Saturday Night Live\" cast members who parodied Presidents Ford to Obama. The skit was released onto the Funny or Die website on March 3, 2010 and received mixed to negative reviews.", "title": "Presidential Reunion" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anne - Marie Johnson (born July 18, 1960) is an American actress and impressionist, who has starred in film and on television. She is known for her roles as Nadine Hudson Thomas on What's Happening Now!!, Aileen Lewis on Double Trouble, Althea Tibbs on In the Heat of the Night, and as a cast member on In Living Color during its final season.", "title": "Anne-Marie Johnson" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ladies Man is a 2000 American comedy film that stars actor, comedian and former \"Saturday Night Live\" cast member Tim Meadows. It was directed by Reginald Hudlin. The movie focuses on the exploits of radio host and sex therapy expert Leon Phelps, a character Meadows developed on \"SNL\". The film was a critical and financial flop.", "title": "The Ladies Man (2000 film)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saturday Night Live (also known as SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which often parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers the opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!\", properly beginning the show.", "title": "Saturday Night Live" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Living Lahaina is an American reality television series on MTV. The series, filmed over a three-month period on location in Lahaina (on the island of Maui, Hawaii), focused on a group of twenty-something surf instructors and their father-figure-boss at the Royal Hawaiian Surf Academy. \"Living Lahaina\" also followed cast members throughout travels to Indonesia, California, and Kauai.", "title": "Living Lahaina" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gentile (Gerry) Tondino (September 3, 1923 – August 29, 2001) was a Canadian educator and artist, who lived in Montreal, Quebec. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Gentile Tondino is the father of theater designer Guido Tondino, multimedia artist Tristan Tondino, and architect Lisa Tondino.", "title": "Gentile Tondino" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Web Therapy is an improvised online series starring Lisa Kudrow as Fiona Wallice, a therapist who has conceived of a new form of therapy, the titular \"web therapy\". The series debuted on LStudio.com on September 22, 2008.", "title": "Web Therapy" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacques Fradin (1954 in France) is a physician and cognitive and behavioural therapist (member of the French Association for Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy). He is working on developing a neuroscientific approach of the cognitive and behavioural therapy (CBT): the neurocognitive and behavioural therapy. He founded the Institute of Environmental Medicine in 1987 where he is managing a team of researchers and PhD students in cognitive and behavioural neurosciences in collaboration with Paris 8 University and the IRBA (Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées). Dpt. A.C.S.O. Fradin is an APM (Association Progrès du Management) and PUCA (Plan Urbanisme Construction et Architecture) expert.", "title": "Jacques Fradin" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Maria Gugging Psychiatric Clinic, known as Gugging, is a psychiatric institution located on the outskirts of Vienna, Austria. Several of its patients became known for their Outsider Art, and were referred to as the Gugging Artists. Today, the artist/patients live in a dedicated art therapy center at Gugging, known as the Art / Brut Center Gugging. In stark contrast, Gugging has a darkened history during the time of the Nazi Regime, when hundreds of mental patients were murdered or abused as part of the Nazi Regime Euthanasia Program.", "title": "Gugging" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Famaillá Department is a department located in the center-west of the Tucumán Province, Argentina. Its 2001 population was 30,951, mainly located in the east. The department’s economic base is agriculture. The National Agricultural Technology Institute (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria), commonly known as INTA, has one of its experimental stations in the area. The Department seat is the city of Famaillá.", "title": "Famaillá Department, Tucumán" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The series centers around the life of Riley and her friends and family, particularly their school life, in which her father Cory Matthews is their history teacher. Riley shares a strong relationship with her best friend Maya Hart, who assists her in learning to cope with the social and personal issues of adolescence. Several Boy Meets World cast members reprise their roles in the series.", "title": "List of Girl Meets World characters" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pierre Paul Émile Roux FRS (17 December 1853, Confolens, Charente – 3 November 1933, Paris) was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist. Roux was one of the closest collaborators of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a co-founder of the Pasteur Institute, and responsible for the Institute's production of the anti-diphtheria serum, the first effective therapy for this disease.", "title": "Pierre Paul Émile Roux" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Darrell Clayton Hammond (born October 8, 1955) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular cast member on \"Saturday Night Live\" from 1995 to 2009.", "title": "Darrell Hammond" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1950 national constitution of India legally abolished the practice of untouchability and provided measures for positive discrimination in both educational institutions and public services for Dalits and other social groups who lie within the caste system. These are supplemented by official bodies such as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.", "title": "Untouchability" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) reactor is an experimental stellarator built in Greifswald, Germany, by the Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics (IPP), and completed in October 2015. Its purpose is to advance stellarator technology (first conceived by Lyman Spitzer) and though this experimental reactor will not produce electricity, it is used to evaluate the main components of a future fusion power plant; it was developed based on the predecessor Wendelstein 7-AS experimental reactor.", "title": "Wendelstein 7-X" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pomeranchuk Prize is an international award for theoretical physics, awarded annually since 1998 by the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) from Moscow. It is named after Russian physicist Isaak Yakovlevich Pomeranchuk, who together with Landau established the Theoretical Physics Department of the Institute.", "title": "Pomeranchuk Prize" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Wall – Live in Berlin was a live concert performance by Roger Waters and numerous guest artists, of the Pink Floyd studio album \"The Wall\", itself largely written by Waters during his time with the band. The show was held in Berlin on 21 July 1990, to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall eight months earlier. A live album of the concert was released 21 August 1990. A video of the concert was also commercially released.", "title": "The Wall – Live in Berlin" } ]	Who is the father of the cast member of The Wall - Live in the city the Institute of Experimental Therapy is located?	Eric Fletcher Waters	[]	Title: Saturday Night Live Passage: Saturday Night Live (also known as SNL) is an American late-night live television variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which often parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest, who usually delivers the opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast as with featured performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", properly beginning the show. Title: Web Therapy Passage: Web Therapy is an improvised online series starring Lisa Kudrow as Fiona Wallice, a therapist who has conceived of a new form of therapy, the titular "web therapy". The series debuted on LStudio.com on September 22, 2008. Title: Anne-Marie Johnson Passage: Anne - Marie Johnson (born July 18, 1960) is an American actress and impressionist, who has starred in film and on television. She is known for her roles as Nadine Hudson Thomas on What's Happening Now!!, Aileen Lewis on Double Trouble, Althea Tibbs on In the Heat of the Night, and as a cast member on In Living Color during its final season. Title: List of Girl Meets World characters Passage: The series centers around the life of Riley and her friends and family, particularly their school life, in which her father Cory Matthews is their history teacher. Riley shares a strong relationship with her best friend Maya Hart, who assists her in learning to cope with the social and personal issues of adolescence. Several Boy Meets World cast members reprise their roles in the series. Title: Pierre Paul Émile Roux Passage: Pierre Paul Émile Roux FRS (17 December 1853, Confolens, Charente – 3 November 1933, Paris) was a French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist. Roux was one of the closest collaborators of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a co-founder of the Pasteur Institute, and responsible for the Institute's production of the anti-diphtheria serum, the first effective therapy for this disease. Title: Roger Waters Passage: Waters was born on 6 September 1943, the younger of two boys, to Mary (née Whyte; 1913–2009) and Eric Fletcher Waters (1914–1944), in Great Bookham, Surrey. His father, the son of a coal miner and Labour Party activist, was a schoolteacher, a devout Christian, and a Communist Party member. In the early years of the Second World War, Waters' father was a conscientious objector who drove an ambulance during the Blitz. Title: The Ladies Man (2000 film) Passage: The Ladies Man is a 2000 American comedy film that stars actor, comedian and former "Saturday Night Live" cast member Tim Meadows. It was directed by Reginald Hudlin. The movie focuses on the exploits of radio host and sex therapy expert Leon Phelps, a character Meadows developed on "SNL". The film was a critical and financial flop. Title: Gentile Tondino Passage: Gentile (Gerry) Tondino (September 3, 1923 – August 29, 2001) was a Canadian educator and artist, who lived in Montreal, Quebec. He was a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Gentile Tondino is the father of theater designer Guido Tondino, multimedia artist Tristan Tondino, and architect Lisa Tondino. Title: Darrell Hammond Passage: Darrell Clayton Hammond (born October 8, 1955) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and impressionist. He was a regular cast member on "Saturday Night Live" from 1995 to 2009. Title: The Wall – Live in Berlin Passage: The Wall – Live in Berlin was a live concert performance by Roger Waters and numerous guest artists, of the Pink Floyd studio album "The Wall", itself largely written by Waters during his time with the band. The show was held in Berlin on 21 July 1990, to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall eight months earlier. A live album of the concert was released 21 August 1990. A video of the concert was also commercially released. Title: Pomeranchuk Prize Passage: The Pomeranchuk Prize is an international award for theoretical physics, awarded annually since 1998 by the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) from Moscow. It is named after Russian physicist Isaak Yakovlevich Pomeranchuk, who together with Landau established the Theoretical Physics Department of the Institute. Title: Living Lahaina Passage: Living Lahaina is an American reality television series on MTV. The series, filmed over a three-month period on location in Lahaina (on the island of Maui, Hawaii), focused on a group of twenty-something surf instructors and their father-figure-boss at the Royal Hawaiian Surf Academy. "Living Lahaina" also followed cast members throughout travels to Indonesia, California, and Kauai. Title: Untouchability Passage: The 1950 national constitution of India legally abolished the practice of untouchability and provided measures for positive discrimination in both educational institutions and public services for Dalits and other social groups who lie within the caste system. These are supplemented by official bodies such as the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. Title: Gugging Passage: The Maria Gugging Psychiatric Clinic, known as Gugging, is a psychiatric institution located on the outskirts of Vienna, Austria. Several of its patients became known for their Outsider Art, and were referred to as the Gugging Artists. Today, the artist/patients live in a dedicated art therapy center at Gugging, known as the Art / Brut Center Gugging. In stark contrast, Gugging has a darkened history during the time of the Nazi Regime, when hundreds of mental patients were murdered or abused as part of the Nazi Regime Euthanasia Program. Title: Pharmaceutical industry Passage: In 1911 arsphenamine, the first synthetic anti-infective drug, was developed by Paul Ehrlich and chemist Alfred Bertheim of the Institute of Experimental Therapy in Berlin. The drug was given the commercial name Salvarsan. Ehrlich, noting both the general toxicity of arsenic and the selective absorption of certain dyes by bacteria, hypothesized that an arsenic-containing dye with similar selective absorption properties could be used to treat bacterial infections. Arsphenamine was prepared as part of a campaign to synthesize a series of such compounds, and found to exhibit partially selective toxicity. Arsphenamine proved to be the first effective treatment for syphilis, a disease which prior to that time was incurable and led inexorably to severe skin ulceration, neurological damage, and death.[citation needed] Title: Presidential Reunion Passage: Presidential Reunion is an American comedy Web short directed by Ron Howard and starring "Saturday Night Live" cast members who parodied Presidents Ford to Obama. The skit was released onto the Funny or Die website on March 3, 2010 and received mixed to negative reviews. Title: Dog Passage: The practice of using dogs and other animals as a part of therapy dates back to the late 18th century, when animals were introduced into mental institutions to help socialize patients with mental disorders. Animal-assisted intervention research has shown that animal-assisted therapy with a dog can increase social behaviors, such as smiling and laughing, among people with Alzheimer's disease. One study demonstrated that children with ADHD and conduct disorders who participated in an education program with dogs and other animals showed increased attendance, increased knowledge and skill objectives, and decreased antisocial and violent behavior compared to those who were not in an animal-assisted program.	[ "Pharmaceutical industry", "Roger Waters", "The Wall – Live in Berlin" ]
2hop__12684_32330	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johannes Bisse (1935–1984) was a Cuban botanist, born in Germany in 1935 and arrived in Cuba in 1966. He received his doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. He was the founder and first director of the Cuban National Botanic Garden in Havana.", "title": "Johannes Bisse" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The term \"Hispanic\" as an ethnonym emerged in the 20th century with the rise of migration of laborers from the Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America to the United States. Today, the word \"Latino\" is often used as a synonym for \"Hispanic\". The definitions of both terms are non-race specific, and include people who consider themselves to be of distinct races (Black, White, Amerindian, Asian, and mixed groups). However, there is a common misconception in the US that Hispanic/Latino is a race or sometimes even that national origins such as Mexican, Cuban, Colombian, Salvadoran, etc. are races. In contrast to \"Latino\" or \"Hispanic\", \"Anglo\" refers to non-Hispanic White Americans or non-Hispanic European Americans, most of whom speak the English language but are not necessarily of English descent.", "title": "Race (human categorization)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Luis Hugo Howell-Rivero (December 28, 1899, Havana - October 7, 1986, Florida Keys) was a Cuban biologist and anthropologist. In the 1920s and 1930s he identified numerous new species of animals, especially fish, in Cuba and the rest of the Caribbean. One example is \"Squalus cubensis\", the Cuban dogfish. He helped establish institutions for the study of biology and botany throughout Central and South America and later in life became an expert for UNESCO.", "title": "Luis Howell-Rivero" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Casa de las Américas is an organization that was founded by the Cuban Government in April 1959, four months after the Cuban Revolution, for the purpose of developing and extending the socio-cultural relations with the countries of Latin America, the Caribbean and the rest of the world. Originally a publishing house and information center, it has developed into the best-known and most prestigious cultural institution in Cuba.", "title": "Casa de las Américas" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the patients were unable to interpret their physiological arousal as an experienced emotion. Schachter did agree that physiological reactions played a big role in emotions. He suggested that physiological reactions contributed to emotional experience by facilitating a focused cognitive appraisal of a given physiologically arousing event and that this appraisal was what defined the subjective emotional experience. Emotions were thus a result of two-stage process: general physiological arousal, and experience of emotion. For example, the physiological arousal, heart pounding, in a response to an evoking stimulus, the sight of a bear in the kitchen. The brain then quickly scans the area, to explain the pounding, and notices the bear. Consequently, the brain interprets the pounding heart as being the result of fearing the bear. With his student, Jerome Singer, Schachter demonstrated that subjects can have different emotional reactions despite being placed into the same physiological state with an injection of epinephrine. Subjects were observed to express either anger or amusement depending on whether another person in the situation (a confederate) displayed that emotion. Hence, the combination of the appraisal of the situation (cognitive) and the participants' reception of adrenaline or a placebo together determined the response. This experiment has been criticized in Jesse Prinz's (2004) Gut Reactions.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Metropolitanos of Havana was a baseball team in the Cuban National Series. The Metros, also known as the \"Guerreros\" (Warriors), had historically been a poor team, though they were ostensibly the heir to the Habana teams of the pre-revolutionary Cuban League.", "title": "Metropolitanos" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Critique of Criminal Reason is an English language crime novel written by Michael Gregorio, the pseudonym of Michael G. Jacob and Daniela De Gregorio, two scholars teaching in Spoleto, central Italy. It is set in Königsberg, during the height of Napoleonic wars, in 1804.", "title": "Critique of Criminal Reason" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Omar Ajete Iglesias (born July 31, 1965 in San Juan, Pinar del Río, Cuba) is a former baseball player, who starred for the Cuban National Series' Pinar del Río Vegueros and the Cuban national team.", "title": "Omar Ajete" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections on July 20, 2015.", "title": "Embassy of the United States, Havana" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog.", "title": "Weeks Creek" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the descendants of the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas. Pueblos indígenas (indigenous peoples) is a common term in Spanish-speaking countries. Aborigen (aboriginal/native) is used in Argentina, whereas \"Amerindian\" is used in Quebec, The Guianas, and the English-speaking Caribbean. Indigenous peoples are commonly known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, which include First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples. Indigenous peoples of the United States are commonly known as Native Americans or American Indians, and Alaska Natives.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hello Hemingway is a 1990 Cuban drama film directed by Fernando Pérez and starring Laura de la Uz. The plot, set in Havana in 1956, near the end of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship, follows a young girl whose aspirations to obtain a scholarship in America, against the odds, are paralleled with her reading of Ernest Hemingway's \"The Old Man and the Sea\". The film was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not designated a nominee.", "title": "Hello Hemingway" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States, hence there are some one million Cubans in the United States, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States; most are fluent in Spanish. In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration.", "title": "Spanish language in the United States" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albertín Aroldis Chapman de la Cruz (Spanish: (aˈɾoldis ˈtʃapman); born February 28, 1988) is a Cuban - American professional baseball pitcher for the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played in MLB for the Cincinnati Reds and Chicago Cubs and in the Cuban National Series for Holguín. Chapman bats and throws left - handed, and is nicknamed the Cuban Missile or the Cuban Flame Thrower", "title": "Aroldis Chapman" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Due to historical associations with the United States, many Cubans participate in sports that are popular in North America, rather than sports traditionally played in other Latin American nations. Baseball is the most popular. Other sports and pastimes include football, basketball, volleyball, cricket, and athletics. Cuba is a dominant force in amateur boxing, consistently achieving high medal tallies in major international competitions. Cuban boxers are not permitted to turn professional by their government. However, many boxers defect to the U.S. and other countries. Cuba also provides a national team that competes in the Olympic Games.", "title": "Cuba" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Gregorio Magno al Celio, also known as San Gregorio al Celio or simply San Gregorio, is a church in Rome, Italy, which is part of a monastery of monks of the Camaldolese branch of the Benedictine Order. On March 10, 2012, the 1,000th anniversary of the founding of the Camaldolese in 1012 was celebrated here at a Vespers service attended by Anglican and Catholic prelates and jointly led by Pope Benedict XVI and Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury.", "title": "San Gregorio Magno al Celio" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Germán Mesa Fresneda (born May 12, 1967 in Havana) is a Cuban retired shortstop who played for the Industriales of the Cuban National Series and for the Cuban national baseball team. Mesa was known as \"El Imán\" or \"The Magnet\" for his superior fielding skills. He was also an above average hitter and base runner who led Cuban baseball in hits, triples, and stolen bases during his career. German retired in 2002, and is now a trainer for the national team.", "title": "Germán Mesa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eteläsuomalainen osakunta (ESO) is one of the 15 student nations at the University of Helsinki, Finnish-speaking, established in 1905 and it has Uusimaa and Eastern Uusimaa as recruitment regions. Before 1905, Nylands Nation (NN) gathered both Finnish- and Swedish-speaking university students from Southern Finland, but seceded from NN in 1905 to form a similar, but Finnish-speaking nation.", "title": "Eteläsuomalainen osakunta" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eriel Sánchez León (born April 12, 1975) in (Fomento, Sancti Spiritus). Is a Cuban baseball catcher for Sancti Spíritus of the Cuban National Series.", "title": "Eriel Sánchez" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "José Gregorio Valera was President of Venezuela from 15 December 1878 to 13 February 1879. José Gregorio Valera was half brother of his predecessor Francisco Linares Alcántara.", "title": "José Gregorio Valera" } ]	In America, do Cubans speak the language from the country of origin of Gregorio Marañón?	most are fluent in Spanish	[]	Title: Metropolitanos Passage: The Metropolitanos of Havana was a baseball team in the Cuban National Series. The Metros, also known as the "Guerreros" (Warriors), had historically been a poor team, though they were ostensibly the heir to the Habana teams of the pre-revolutionary Cuban League. Title: Germán Mesa Passage: Germán Mesa Fresneda (born May 12, 1967 in Havana) is a Cuban retired shortstop who played for the Industriales of the Cuban National Series and for the Cuban national baseball team. Mesa was known as "El Imán" or "The Magnet" for his superior fielding skills. He was also an above average hitter and base runner who led Cuban baseball in hits, triples, and stolen bases during his career. German retired in 2002, and is now a trainer for the national team. Title: Eteläsuomalainen osakunta Passage: Eteläsuomalainen osakunta (ESO) is one of the 15 student nations at the University of Helsinki, Finnish-speaking, established in 1905 and it has Uusimaa and Eastern Uusimaa as recruitment regions. Before 1905, Nylands Nation (NN) gathered both Finnish- and Swedish-speaking university students from Southern Finland, but seceded from NN in 1905 to form a similar, but Finnish-speaking nation. Title: Critique of Criminal Reason Passage: Critique of Criminal Reason is an English language crime novel written by Michael Gregorio, the pseudonym of Michael G. Jacob and Daniela De Gregorio, two scholars teaching in Spoleto, central Italy. It is set in Königsberg, during the height of Napoleonic wars, in 1804. Title: Johannes Bisse Passage: Johannes Bisse (1935–1984) was a Cuban botanist, born in Germany in 1935 and arrived in Cuba in 1966. He received his doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena. He was the founder and first director of the Cuban National Botanic Garden in Havana. Title: Embassy of the United States, Havana Passage: The Embassy of the United States of America in Havana is the United States of America's diplomatic mission in Cuba. On January 3, 1961, US President Dwight D. Eisenhower severed relations following the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s. In 1977, President Jimmy Carter and President Fidel Castro signed an Interests Sections Agreement that permitted each government to operate out of its former embassy in Havana and Washington D.C., which were called Interests Sections; they were prohibited from flying their respective flags. Cuban President Raúl Castro and US President Barack Obama restored full diplomatic connections on July 20, 2015. Title: Eriel Sánchez Passage: Eriel Sánchez León (born April 12, 1975) in (Fomento, Sancti Spiritus). Is a Cuban baseball catcher for Sancti Spíritus of the Cuban National Series. Title: Hello Hemingway Passage: Hello Hemingway is a 1990 Cuban drama film directed by Fernando Pérez and starring Laura de la Uz. The plot, set in Havana in 1956, near the end of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship, follows a young girl whose aspirations to obtain a scholarship in America, against the odds, are paralleled with her reading of Ernest Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea". The film was selected as the Cuban entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 64th Academy Awards, but was not designated a nominee. Title: Spanish language in the United States Passage: Immigration to the United States of Spanish-speaking Cubans began because of Cuba's political instability upon achieving independence. The deposition of Fulgencio Batista's dictatorship and the ascension of Fidel Castro's government in 1959 increased Cuban immigration to the United States, hence there are some one million Cubans in the United States, most settled in southern and central Florida, while other Cubans live in the Northeastern United States; most are fluent in Spanish. In the city of Miami today Spanish is the first language mostly due to Cuban immigration. Title: San Gregorio Magno al Celio Passage: San Gregorio Magno al Celio, also known as San Gregorio al Celio or simply San Gregorio, is a church in Rome, Italy, which is part of a monastery of monks of the Camaldolese branch of the Benedictine Order. On March 10, 2012, the 1,000th anniversary of the founding of the Camaldolese in 1012 was celebrated here at a Vespers service attended by Anglican and Catholic prelates and jointly led by Pope Benedict XVI and Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury. Title: Omar Ajete Passage: Omar Ajete Iglesias (born July 31, 1965 in San Juan, Pinar del Río, Cuba) is a former baseball player, who starred for the Cuban National Series' Pinar del Río Vegueros and the Cuban national team. Title: Cuba Passage: Due to historical associations with the United States, many Cubans participate in sports that are popular in North America, rather than sports traditionally played in other Latin American nations. Baseball is the most popular. Other sports and pastimes include football, basketball, volleyball, cricket, and athletics. Cuba is a dominant force in amateur boxing, consistently achieving high medal tallies in major international competitions. Cuban boxers are not permitted to turn professional by their government. However, many boxers defect to the U.S. and other countries. Cuba also provides a national team that competes in the Olympic Games. Title: Luis Howell-Rivero Passage: Luis Hugo Howell-Rivero (December 28, 1899, Havana - October 7, 1986, Florida Keys) was a Cuban biologist and anthropologist. In the 1920s and 1930s he identified numerous new species of animals, especially fish, in Cuba and the rest of the Caribbean. One example is "Squalus cubensis", the Cuban dogfish. He helped establish institutions for the study of biology and botany throughout Central and South America and later in life became an expert for UNESCO. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the descendants of the pre-Columbian inhabitants of the Americas. Pueblos indígenas (indigenous peoples) is a common term in Spanish-speaking countries. Aborigen (aboriginal/native) is used in Argentina, whereas "Amerindian" is used in Quebec, The Guianas, and the English-speaking Caribbean. Indigenous peoples are commonly known in Canada as Aboriginal peoples, which include First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples. Indigenous peoples of the United States are commonly known as Native Americans or American Indians, and Alaska Natives. Title: José Gregorio Valera Passage: José Gregorio Valera was President of Venezuela from 15 December 1878 to 13 February 1879. José Gregorio Valera was half brother of his predecessor Francisco Linares Alcántara. Title: Emotion Passage: Stanley Schachter formulated his theory on the earlier work of a Spanish physician, Gregorio Marañón, who injected patients with epinephrine and subsequently asked them how they felt. Interestingly, Marañón found that most of these patients felt something but in the absence of an actual emotion-evoking stimulus, the patients were unable to interpret their physiological arousal as an experienced emotion. Schachter did agree that physiological reactions played a big role in emotions. He suggested that physiological reactions contributed to emotional experience by facilitating a focused cognitive appraisal of a given physiologically arousing event and that this appraisal was what defined the subjective emotional experience. Emotions were thus a result of two-stage process: general physiological arousal, and experience of emotion. For example, the physiological arousal, heart pounding, in a response to an evoking stimulus, the sight of a bear in the kitchen. The brain then quickly scans the area, to explain the pounding, and notices the bear. Consequently, the brain interprets the pounding heart as being the result of fearing the bear. With his student, Jerome Singer, Schachter demonstrated that subjects can have different emotional reactions despite being placed into the same physiological state with an injection of epinephrine. Subjects were observed to express either anger or amusement depending on whether another person in the situation (a confederate) displayed that emotion. Hence, the combination of the appraisal of the situation (cognitive) and the participants' reception of adrenaline or a placebo together determined the response. This experiment has been criticized in Jesse Prinz's (2004) Gut Reactions. Title: Weeks Creek Passage: Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog.	[ "Emotion", "Spanish language in the United States" ]
2hop__394840_36735	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dynetics is an American private (employee-owned) applied science and information technology company headquartered in Huntsville, Alabama. Its primary customers are the United States Department of Defense, the United States Intelligence Community, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA).", "title": "Dynetics" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tennessee is home to several Protestant denominations, such as the National Baptist Convention (headquartered in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (both headquartered in Memphis); the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy (both headquartered in Cleveland). The Free Will Baptist denomination is headquartered in Antioch; its main Bible college is in Nashville. The Southern Baptist Convention maintains its general headquarters in Nashville. Publishing houses of several denominations are located in Nashville.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE: NOC) is an American global aerospace and defense technology company formed by Northrop's 1994 purchase of Grumman. The company was named as the fifth - largest defense contractor in the world in 2015. Northrop Grumman employs over 68,000 people worldwide. It reported revenues of $23.526 billion in 2015. Northrop Grumman ranks No. 124 on the 2015 Fortune 500 list of America's largest corporations and ranks in the top ten military - friendly employers. It is headquartered in West Falls Church, Virginia.", "title": "Northrop Grumman" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "C. R. Bard, Inc., now branded simply as Bard, headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA, is a leading multinational developer, manufacturer, and marketer of medical technologies in the fields of vascular, urology, oncology, and surgical specialties.", "title": "C. R. Bard" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2003, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research and the Ministry of Economy and Finance jointly established the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (Italian Institute of Technology), headquartered in Genoa with 10 laboratories around Italy, which however focuses on research and does not offer undergraduate degrees.", "title": "Institute of technology" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "ASIMCO Technologies is a large independent automotive components manufacturer headquartered in Beijing, China. With sales in excess of US$500 million, the company is one of the largest producers of automotive components in China, with 10 manufacturing operations, 52 sales offices and roughly 900 service stations across the People's Republic of China. It is the first international components manufacturer based in China, with over 15% of its annual sales made to customers in the United States, Europe and Japan.", "title": "ASIMCO Technologies" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bibwewadi is located in Pune city of Maharashtra state in India. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology [VIT] is located in Bibwewadi.", "title": "Bibwewadi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs.", "title": "Lucent" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cato Falls is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cato, Manitowoc County, United States. The community is located just north of the Cato Falls of the Manitowoc River, north of Valders.", "title": "Cato Falls, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the \"Son of Heaven\" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662.", "title": "Qing dynasty" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology is a deemed university in rural part of South India accredited by NAAC. The university headquarters is in the town of Vallam in Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It was earlier named \"Periyar Maniammai College of Technology for Women\". It is considered the world's first women's engineering college.", "title": "Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH is an independent research and technology organisation (RTO), located in Salzburg, Austria. The research technology organisation specializes in applied research and development in the field of information and communications technologies (ICT).", "title": "Salzburg Research" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Diego hosts several major producers of wireless cellular technology. Qualcomm was founded and is headquartered in San Diego, and is one of the largest private-sector employers in San Diego. Other wireless industry manufacturers headquartered here include Nokia, LG Electronics, Kyocera International., Cricket Communications and Novatel Wireless. The largest software company in San Diego is security software company Websense Inc. San Diego also has the U.S. headquarters for the Slovakian security company ESET. San Diego has been designated as an iHub Innovation Center for collaboration potentially between wireless and life sciences.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Touchstone Semiconductor was founded in 2010 by a group of semiconductor industry experts from Maxim Integrated Products, Linear Technology and Analog Devices. The company received $12M funding in Series A funding from Opus Capital and Khosla Ventures, the headquarters were located in Milpitas, California.", "title": "Touchstone Semiconductor" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coleman Falls is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Coleman Falls is located along the James River and U.S. Route 501 northwest of Lynchburg. Coleman Falls has a post office with ZIP code 24536. The community was named after a family from the area in 1923. The Coleman Falls Dam is located in the community.", "title": "Coleman Falls, Virginia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Simataa Secondary School is a school in the Caprivi Region of Namibia. It is situated near the headquarters of the Mafwe traditional authority in Chinchimane, some 70 km south of Katima Mulilo. Patron of the school is Deputy Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Stanley Simataa.", "title": "Simataa Secondary School" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ministry of Science and Technology Emblem of India Central overview Formed May 1971 Jurisdiction India Headquarters New Delhi Annual budget 2.1 billion US dollar (2017) Minister responsible Dr. Harsh Vardhan Central executive, Minister of Science and Technology Website dst.gov.in", "title": "Ministry of Science and Technology (India)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Masindi is a town in the Western Region of Uganda. It is on the road between Kampala and the Murchison Falls National Park. It is the site of the headquarters of the Masindi District.", "title": "Masindi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "GEA Refrigeration Technologies GmbH, with headquarters in Bochum, Germany, is a developer, manufacturer, and supplier of industrial refrigeration and freezer technology. Its product portfolio includes piston compressors, screw compressors, chillers, tunnel freezers, carton and spiral freezers, valves and valve sets, driers, and exhaust ventilators.", "title": "GEA Refrigeration Technologies" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite the film taking place in upstate New York, according to the film credits, it was filmed mostly in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Locations used include Lake James, Chimney Rock Park and The Biltmore Estate. Some of the waterfalls that were used in the movie include Hooker Falls, Triple Falls, Bridal Veil Falls, and High Falls, all located in the DuPont State Recreational Forest. Another of these falls was Linville Falls, in the mountains of North Carolina. Scenes of Albany were shot in Asheville, NC at The Manor on Charlotte St.", "title": "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)" } ]	When did the headquarters location of ASIMCO Technologies fall?	June 6	[]	Title: San Diego Passage: San Diego hosts several major producers of wireless cellular technology. Qualcomm was founded and is headquartered in San Diego, and is one of the largest private-sector employers in San Diego. Other wireless industry manufacturers headquartered here include Nokia, LG Electronics, Kyocera International., Cricket Communications and Novatel Wireless. The largest software company in San Diego is security software company Websense Inc. San Diego also has the U.S. headquarters for the Slovakian security company ESET. San Diego has been designated as an iHub Innovation Center for collaboration potentially between wireless and life sciences. Title: Northrop Grumman Passage: Northrop Grumman Corporation (NYSE: NOC) is an American global aerospace and defense technology company formed by Northrop's 1994 purchase of Grumman. The company was named as the fifth - largest defense contractor in the world in 2015. Northrop Grumman employs over 68,000 people worldwide. It reported revenues of $23.526 billion in 2015. Northrop Grumman ranks No. 124 on the 2015 Fortune 500 list of America's largest corporations and ranks in the top ten military - friendly employers. It is headquartered in West Falls Church, Virginia. Title: Masindi Passage: Masindi is a town in the Western Region of Uganda. It is on the road between Kampala and the Murchison Falls National Park. It is the site of the headquarters of the Masindi District. Title: Coleman Falls, Virginia Passage: Coleman Falls is an unincorporated community in Bedford County, Virginia, United States. Coleman Falls is located along the James River and U.S. Route 501 northwest of Lynchburg. Coleman Falls has a post office with ZIP code 24536. The community was named after a family from the area in 1923. The Coleman Falls Dam is located in the community. Title: Dynetics Passage: Dynetics is an American private (employee-owned) applied science and information technology company headquartered in Huntsville, Alabama. Its primary customers are the United States Department of Defense, the United States Intelligence Community, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Title: Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology Passage: Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology is a deemed university in rural part of South India accredited by NAAC. The university headquarters is in the town of Vallam in Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It was earlier named "Periyar Maniammai College of Technology for Women". It is considered the world's first women's engineering college. Title: Ministry of Science and Technology (India) Passage: Ministry of Science and Technology Emblem of India Central overview Formed May 1971 Jurisdiction India Headquarters New Delhi Annual budget 2.1 billion US dollar (2017) Minister responsible Dr. Harsh Vardhan Central executive, Minister of Science and Technology Website dst.gov.in Title: GEA Refrigeration Technologies Passage: GEA Refrigeration Technologies GmbH, with headquarters in Bochum, Germany, is a developer, manufacturer, and supplier of industrial refrigeration and freezer technology. Its product portfolio includes piston compressors, screw compressors, chillers, tunnel freezers, carton and spiral freezers, valves and valve sets, driers, and exhaust ventilators. Title: Lucent Passage: Lucent Technologies, Inc., was an American multinational telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Murray Hill, New Jersey, in the United States. It was established on September 30, 1996, through the divestiture of the former AT&T Technologies business unit of AT&T Corporation, which included Western Electric and Bell Labs. Title: Bibwewadi Passage: Bibwewadi is located in Pune city of Maharashtra state in India. Vishwakarma Institute of Technology [VIT] is located in Bibwewadi. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the "Son of Heaven" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662. Title: Salzburg Research Passage: Salzburg Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH is an independent research and technology organisation (RTO), located in Salzburg, Austria. The research technology organisation specializes in applied research and development in the field of information and communications technologies (ICT). Title: Institute of technology Passage: In 2003, the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research and the Ministry of Economy and Finance jointly established the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (Italian Institute of Technology), headquartered in Genoa with 10 laboratories around Italy, which however focuses on research and does not offer undergraduate degrees. Title: ASIMCO Technologies Passage: ASIMCO Technologies is a large independent automotive components manufacturer headquartered in Beijing, China. With sales in excess of US$500 million, the company is one of the largest producers of automotive components in China, with 10 manufacturing operations, 52 sales offices and roughly 900 service stations across the People's Republic of China. It is the first international components manufacturer based in China, with over 15% of its annual sales made to customers in the United States, Europe and Japan. Title: Touchstone Semiconductor Passage: Touchstone Semiconductor was founded in 2010 by a group of semiconductor industry experts from Maxim Integrated Products, Linear Technology and Analog Devices. The company received $12M funding in Series A funding from Opus Capital and Khosla Ventures, the headquarters were located in Milpitas, California. Title: Cato Falls, Wisconsin Passage: Cato Falls is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cato, Manitowoc County, United States. The community is located just north of the Cato Falls of the Manitowoc River, north of Valders. Title: Simataa Secondary School Passage: Simataa Secondary School is a school in the Caprivi Region of Namibia. It is situated near the headquarters of the Mafwe traditional authority in Chinchimane, some 70 km south of Katima Mulilo. Patron of the school is Deputy Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Stanley Simataa.	[ "ASIMCO Technologies", "Qing dynasty" ]
3hop1__75678_411195_8682	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city's municipal government was dominated by about 12–15 merchant families, whose wealth came from overseas trade with continental Europe — in particular the export of wool and hides and the import of salt, iron and wine. The medieval population of Cork was about 2,100 people. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of plague when the Black Death arrived in the town. In 1491, Cork played a part in the English Wars of the Roses when Perkin Warbeck a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow Henry VII of England. The then mayor of Cork and several important citizens went with Warbeck to England but when the rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. The title of Mayor of Cork was established by royal charter in 1318, and the title was changed to Lord Mayor in 1900 following the knighthood of the incumbent Mayor by Queen Victoria on her Royal visit to the city.", "title": "Cork (city)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Deninu School" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Medieval Merchant's House is a restored late-13th-century building in Southampton, Hampshire, England. Built in about 1290 by John Fortin, a prosperous merchant, the house survived many centuries of domestic and commercial use largely intact. German bomb damage in 1940 revealed the medieval interior of the house, and in the 1980s it was restored to resemble its initial appearance and placed in the care of English Heritage, to be run as a tourist attraction. The house is built to a medieval right-angle, narrow plan design, with an undercroft to store wine at a constant temperature, and a first-storey bedchamber that projects out into the street to add additional space. The building is architecturally significant because, as historian Glyn Coppack highlights, it is \"the only building of its type to survive substantially as first built\"; it is a Grade I listed building and scheduled monument.", "title": "Medieval Merchant's House" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The city has a Mayor and is one of the 16 cities and towns in England and Wales to have a ceremonial sheriff who acts as a deputy for the Mayor. The current and 793rd Mayor of Southampton is Linda Norris. Catherine McEwing is the current and 578th sherriff. The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels.", "title": "Southampton" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joan McBride is an American politician. A Democrat, she was the mayor of Kirkland, Washington, from 2010 to 2013, after which she was elected to the Washington House of Representatives as a member from District 48. She also served on the Kirkland City Council since 1998, sitting as deputy mayor from 2002 until her election as mayor in 2010.", "title": "Joan McBride" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bradford \"Brad\" Jackson (born Fort Worth, Texas) is an American voice actor at Funimation/OkraTron 5000 who provides the voices for a number of English versions of Japanese anime series. He also is a cast member at the American dinner theatre chain Medieval Times", "title": "Bradford Jackson" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The house can refer to any area which is not considered playing space or backstage area. Outside the theatre itself this includes the lobby, coat check, ticketing counters, and restrooms. More specifically, the house refers to any area in the theatre where the audience is seated. This can also include aisles, the orchestra pit, control booth, balconies and boxes.", "title": "Parts of a theatre" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council.", "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward Aaron Cohen (1822 – 13 April 1877) was an Australian merchant and a Victorian colonial politician. He served as Mayor of Melbourne from 1862 to 1863.", "title": "Edward Cohen" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city is an administrative, commercial, educational, and medical centre for the surrounding region. The current Mayor of Dendermonde is Piet Buyse (Christian Democratic and Flemish).", "title": "Dendermonde" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Avinyó is a Catalan municipality in Spain. It is located in the province of Barcelona and in the comarca of Bages. Its current mayor is Eudald Vilaseca Font and its population in 2002 was estimated at 2,000 residents.", "title": "Avinyó" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Medieval Mayor is a city-building game set in the Middle Ages under development by Tilted Mill Entertainment. It is currently stuck, however, in development hell.", "title": "Medieval Mayor" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The finale is the two-hour last episode of the season, culminating in revealing the winner. For seasons one, three through six, and fourteen, it was broadcast from the Dolby Theatre, which has an audience capacity of approximately 3,400. The finale for season two took place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, which has an audience capacity of over 6,000. In seasons seven through thirteen, the venue was at the Nokia Theatre, which holds an audience of over 7,000.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Percy Beveridge was (1875 – 31 July 1947) was a New Zealand cricketer who played two first-class matches for the Auckland Aces in the Plunket Shield. Beveridge was born in Glebe, New South Wales, the son of merchant and later Mayor of Redfern, John Beveridge.", "title": "Percy Beveridge" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Rathbone V (17 June 1787 – 1 February 1868) was an English merchant and politician, serving as Lord Mayor of Liverpool.", "title": "William Rathbone V" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Dalby (January 28, 1839 – January 22, 1916) was a merchant, real estate and insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia, Canada. He was mayor of Victoria, British Columbia from April 15, 1873 when he was selected to replace mayor James D. Robinson to 1875.", "title": "William Dalby (mayor)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Opařany is a municipality that is situated in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, with a 2007 estimated population of 1392. It is located about 15 kilometers from Tábor, its administrative district, and approximately 90 kilometers from the capital Prague and is 464 meters above sea level. The current mayor is Mgr. Blanka Řezáčová.", "title": "Opařany" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boors, also known as \"The Cantankerous Men\" (Venetian: \"I rusteghi\"), is a comedy by Carlo Goldoni. It was first performed at the San Luca theatre of Venice towards the end of the Carnival in 1760. It was published in 1762. The 'boors' are four merchants of Venice, who represent the old conservative, puritanical tradition of the Venetian middle classes, who are pitted against Venice's \"new frivolity\".", "title": "The Boors" } ]	Who's the current Mayor of the city having the Medieval Merchant's building accommodating audience in a theatre?	Linda Norris	[]	Title: Medieval Mayor Passage: Medieval Mayor is a city-building game set in the Middle Ages under development by Tilted Mill Entertainment. It is currently stuck, however, in development hell. Title: Medieval Merchant's House Passage: The Medieval Merchant's House is a restored late-13th-century building in Southampton, Hampshire, England. Built in about 1290 by John Fortin, a prosperous merchant, the house survived many centuries of domestic and commercial use largely intact. German bomb damage in 1940 revealed the medieval interior of the house, and in the 1980s it was restored to resemble its initial appearance and placed in the care of English Heritage, to be run as a tourist attraction. The house is built to a medieval right-angle, narrow plan design, with an undercroft to store wine at a constant temperature, and a first-storey bedchamber that projects out into the street to add additional space. The building is architecturally significant because, as historian Glyn Coppack highlights, it is "the only building of its type to survive substantially as first built"; it is a Grade I listed building and scheduled monument. Title: Percy Beveridge Passage: Percy Beveridge was (1875 – 31 July 1947) was a New Zealand cricketer who played two first-class matches for the Auckland Aces in the Plunket Shield. Beveridge was born in Glebe, New South Wales, the son of merchant and later Mayor of Redfern, John Beveridge. Title: Southampton Passage: The city has a Mayor and is one of the 16 cities and towns in England and Wales to have a ceremonial sheriff who acts as a deputy for the Mayor. The current and 793rd Mayor of Southampton is Linda Norris. Catherine McEwing is the current and 578th sherriff. The town crier from 2004 until his death in 2014 was John Melody, who acted as master of ceremonies in the city and who possessed a cry of 104 decibels. Title: Bradford Jackson Passage: Bradford "Brad" Jackson (born Fort Worth, Texas) is an American voice actor at Funimation/OkraTron 5000 who provides the voices for a number of English versions of Japanese anime series. He also is a cast member at the American dinner theatre chain Medieval Times Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Opařany Passage: Opařany is a municipality that is situated in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic, with a 2007 estimated population of 1392. It is located about 15 kilometers from Tábor, its administrative district, and approximately 90 kilometers from the capital Prague and is 464 meters above sea level. The current mayor is Mgr. Blanka Řezáčová. Title: Cork (city) Passage: The city's municipal government was dominated by about 12–15 merchant families, whose wealth came from overseas trade with continental Europe — in particular the export of wool and hides and the import of salt, iron and wine. The medieval population of Cork was about 2,100 people. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of plague when the Black Death arrived in the town. In 1491, Cork played a part in the English Wars of the Roses when Perkin Warbeck a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow Henry VII of England. The then mayor of Cork and several important citizens went with Warbeck to England but when the rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. The title of Mayor of Cork was established by royal charter in 1318, and the title was changed to Lord Mayor in 1900 following the knighthood of the incumbent Mayor by Queen Victoria on her Royal visit to the city. Title: American Idol Passage: The finale is the two-hour last episode of the season, culminating in revealing the winner. For seasons one, three through six, and fourteen, it was broadcast from the Dolby Theatre, which has an audience capacity of approximately 3,400. The finale for season two took place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, which has an audience capacity of over 6,000. In seasons seven through thirteen, the venue was at the Nokia Theatre, which holds an audience of over 7,000. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Edward Cohen Passage: Edward Aaron Cohen (1822 – 13 April 1877) was an Australian merchant and a Victorian colonial politician. He served as Mayor of Melbourne from 1862 to 1863. Title: Dendermonde Passage: The city is an administrative, commercial, educational, and medical centre for the surrounding region. The current Mayor of Dendermonde is Piet Buyse (Christian Democratic and Flemish). Title: Avinyó Passage: Avinyó is a Catalan municipality in Spain. It is located in the province of Barcelona and in the comarca of Bages. Its current mayor is Eudald Vilaseca Font and its population in 2002 was estimated at 2,000 residents. Title: William Rathbone V Passage: William Rathbone V (17 June 1787 – 1 February 1868) was an English merchant and politician, serving as Lord Mayor of Liverpool. Title: William Dalby (mayor) Passage: William Dalby (January 28, 1839 – January 22, 1916) was a merchant, real estate and insurance agent and political figure in British Columbia, Canada. He was mayor of Victoria, British Columbia from April 15, 1873 when he was selected to replace mayor James D. Robinson to 1875. Title: Parts of a theatre Passage: The house can refer to any area which is not considered playing space or backstage area. Outside the theatre itself this includes the lobby, coat check, ticketing counters, and restrooms. More specifically, the house refers to any area in the theatre where the audience is seated. This can also include aisles, the orchestra pit, control booth, balconies and boxes.	[ "Medieval Merchant's House", "Southampton", "Parts of a theatre" ]
2hop__80508_677577	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mujeres y hombres y viceversa (English: \"Women and Men and vice versa\"; MYHYV for short) is a Spanish dating show produced by Magnolia TV. The show aired on Telecinco since its premiere on 9 June 2008, until it moved to Cuatro on 24 January 2018. The program has been hosted by Emma García since the beginning. The Spanish adaptation of the Italian TV programme \"Uomini e Donne\" gained an 18.4% audience share and was the most viewed program among the Spanish audience in its time slot during the first two seasons.", "title": "Mujeres y Hombres y Viceversa" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt is a 2012 American television crime drama film directed by Robert Harmon and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the police chief of a small New England town who returns from his forced retirement after his replacement is blown up in the town police car. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt is the eighth in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 20, 2012.", "title": "Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Denver Dell Pyle (May 11, 1920 -- December 25, 1997) was an American film and television actor. He was known for portraying Briscoe Darling, Jr. in several episodes of The Andy Griffith Show, and playing Jesse Duke in The Dukes of Hazzard from 1979 - 85.", "title": "Denver Pyle" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dean is a small farming & forestry community in the North Branch Musquodoboit in the Musquodoboit Valley along the Halifax Regional Municipality/Colchester County county line, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, along Route 336. Other communities in the North Branch include Elmsvale, Greenwood, Upper Musquodoboit, and Moose River Gold Mines, among others.", "title": "Dean, Nova Scotia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Collective Soul is an American rock band originally from Stockbridge, Georgia. Now based in Atlanta, the group consists of lead vocalist Ed Roland, rhythm guitarist Dean Roland, bassist Will Turpin, drummer Johnny Rabb and lead guitarist Jesse Triplett.", "title": "Collective Soul" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While at Yale, Rory reconnects with Dean, who married Lindsay (a fellow school mate), straight after high school, but it is soon clear that he impulsively did it as a rebound from Rory. During the same period, Jess shows up at Yale to see Rory unexpectedly, and asks her to run away with him, but she refuses. Dean gets jealous but he and Rory grow closer and have an affair, during which Rory loses her virginity. Lorelai is angry and disappointed in Rory, who decides to leave for Europe with her grandmother for the summer to avoid conflicts. Shortly after, Dean separates from Lindsay and the two continue seeing each other.", "title": "Rory Gilmore" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stone Cold is a 2005 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Robert Harmon and starring Tom Selleck, Jane Adams and Reg Rogers. Based on the 2003 novel \"Stone Cold\" by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the police chief of a small New England town who investigates a series of murders that occur with the same \"modus operandi\". Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. \"Stone Cold\" is the first in a series of nine television films based on Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network February 20, 2005. Even though it was broadcast first in the series of films, it actually takes place after the second film of the series, \"\", which aired a year after this.", "title": "Stone Cold (2005 film)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born and raised in Philadelphia, the only son of a Jewish butcher, Ed. Weinberger began his TV career after he dropped out of Columbia University, writing for such stand-up comedians as Dick Gregory, Richard Pryor, and Bill Cosby. His first job in television was writing for \"The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson\". He also wrote for \"The Bob Hope Special\", \"The Bill Cosby Show\", and \"The Dean Martin Variety Hour\".", "title": "Ed. Weinberger" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tweed Bridge is a stone-built road bridge of five spans over the River Tweed in Peebles, in the Scottish Borders.", "title": "Tweed Bridge" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jess Gonchor (born July 15, 1962 in New York City) is an American art director who was nominated at the 83rd Academy Awards for the film \"True Grit\". He was nominated for Best Art Direction, he shared his nomination with Nancy Haigh.", "title": "Jess Gonchor" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "13 Eerie is a 2013 Canadian horror film directed by Lowell Dean, making his feature film debut. It is also produced by Don Carmody, Kevin DeWalt, Mark Montague and David Cormican and written by Christian Piers Betley. The film stars Katharine Isabelle, Michael Shanks, Brendan Fehr, Brendan Fletcher, Nick Moran and Jesse Moss. It entails the story about six forensic undergrads completing a university field exam on a deserted island, oblivious that the island was previously used for illegal biological experiments on life-term prisoners.", "title": "13 Eerie" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jesse Donald Knotts (July 21, 1924 -- February 24, 2006) was an American actor and comedian, best known as Barney Fife on The Andy Griffith Show, a 1960s sitcom for which he earned five Emmy awards. He also played Luther Heggs in The Ghost and Mr. Chicken and Henry Limpet in The Incredible Mr. Limpet. He also portrayed Ralph Furley on Three's Company. In 1996, TV Guide ranked him # 27 on its 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time list.", "title": "Don Knotts" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost is a 2011 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Dick Lowry and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the retired police chief of a small New England town who investigates the suspicious death of a young friend while the police force deals with the arrogant new police chief who is the son-in-law of a town councilman. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. \"Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost\" is the seventh in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 22, 2011.", "title": "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Talk Show was an American alternative/hard rock band consisting of Dave Coutts (vocals), Dean DeLeo (guitar), Robert DeLeo (bass), and Eric Kretz (drums). The group was essentially Stone Temple Pilots with Coutts (formerly of the band Ten Inch Men) taking the place of Scott Weiland, who was working on solo material and struggling with drug addiction.", "title": "Talk Show (band)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Woodwright's Shop is a traditional woodworking show hosted by master carpenter Roy Underhill on PBS in the United States. It is one of the longest running \"how to\" shows on PBS, with thirty-five 13-episode seasons filmed. Since its debut in 1979, the show has aired over 400 episodes. The first two seasons were broadcast only on public TV in North Carolina; the season numbering was restarted when the show went national in 1981. It is still filmed at the UNC-TV (University of North Carolina Center for Public Television) studios in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.", "title": "The Woodwright's Shop" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kris Fowles (Katie Cassidy) goes to the Springwood Diner to meet with her boyfriend, Dean Russell (Kellan Lutz), who falls asleep at the table and meets a man covered in burn scars, wearing a clawed glove on his hand. The burned man cuts Dean's throat in the dream, but in reality it appears that Dean is cutting his own throat as his friend, waitress Nancy Holbrook (Rooney Mara), looks on with Kris. At Dean's funeral, Kris sees a photograph of her and Dean as children, but can not recall ever knowing Dean before high school. Kris begins to dream about the burned man herself and refuses to go to sleep for fear that she will die in her dreams. Jesse Braun (Thomas Dekker), Kris's ex-boyfriend, shows up to keep her company while she sleeps, but Kris meets the burned man in her dreams and is murdered. Covered in her blood, Jesse runs to Nancy's house and learns that Nancy has been having dreams about the same man: Freddy Krueger (Jackie Earle Haley).", "title": "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samir Guesmi (born 7 October 1967) is a French actor. He has appeared in more than 90 films and TV shows since 1988.", "title": "Samir Guesmi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kris Fowles (Katie Cassidy) goes to the Springwood Diner to meet with her ex-boyfriend, Dean Russell (Kellan Lutz), who falls asleep at the table and meets a man covered in burn scars, wearing a red and green sweater, a fedora and a clawed glove on his hand. The burned man cuts Dean's throat in the dream, but in reality it appears that Dean is cutting his own throat as his friend, waitress Nancy Holbrook (Rooney Mara), looks on with Kris. At Dean's funeral, Kris sees a photograph of her and Dean as children, but can not recall ever knowing Dean before high school. Kris begins to dream about the burned man herself and refuses to go to sleep for fear that she will die in her dreams. Jesse Braun (Thomas Dekker), Kris's ex-boyfriend, shows up at her house to keep her company while she sleeps, but Kris meets the burned man in her dreams and is murdered. Covered in her blood, Jesse runs to Nancy's house to try to explain what happened and he learns that Nancy has been having dreams about the same man: Freddy Krueger (Jackie Earle Haley).", "title": "A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jesse Frederick James Conaway (born 1948), known professionally as Jesse Frederick, is an American film and television composer and singer best known for writing and performing the themes to TGIF television shows such as Perfect Strangers, Full House, Family Matters, and Step By Step for ABC.", "title": "Jesse Frederick" } ]	What region shares border with Dean in the province where the tv show jesse stone is filmed?	Colchester County	[]	Title: Rory Gilmore Passage: While at Yale, Rory reconnects with Dean, who married Lindsay (a fellow school mate), straight after high school, but it is soon clear that he impulsively did it as a rebound from Rory. During the same period, Jess shows up at Yale to see Rory unexpectedly, and asks her to run away with him, but she refuses. Dean gets jealous but he and Rory grow closer and have an affair, during which Rory loses her virginity. Lorelai is angry and disappointed in Rory, who decides to leave for Europe with her grandmother for the summer to avoid conflicts. Shortly after, Dean separates from Lindsay and the two continue seeing each other. Title: Samir Guesmi Passage: Samir Guesmi (born 7 October 1967) is a French actor. He has appeared in more than 90 films and TV shows since 1988. Title: Collective Soul Passage: Collective Soul is an American rock band originally from Stockbridge, Georgia. Now based in Atlanta, the group consists of lead vocalist Ed Roland, rhythm guitarist Dean Roland, bassist Will Turpin, drummer Johnny Rabb and lead guitarist Jesse Triplett. Title: Tweed Bridge Passage: The Tweed Bridge is a stone-built road bridge of five spans over the River Tweed in Peebles, in the Scottish Borders. Title: The Woodwright's Shop Passage: The Woodwright's Shop is a traditional woodworking show hosted by master carpenter Roy Underhill on PBS in the United States. It is one of the longest running "how to" shows on PBS, with thirty-five 13-episode seasons filmed. Since its debut in 1979, the show has aired over 400 episodes. The first two seasons were broadcast only on public TV in North Carolina; the season numbering was restarted when the show went national in 1981. It is still filmed at the UNC-TV (University of North Carolina Center for Public Television) studios in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Title: Jesse Frederick Passage: Jesse Frederick James Conaway (born 1948), known professionally as Jesse Frederick, is an American film and television composer and singer best known for writing and performing the themes to TGIF television shows such as Perfect Strangers, Full House, Family Matters, and Step By Step for ABC. Title: Mujeres y Hombres y Viceversa Passage: Mujeres y hombres y viceversa (English: "Women and Men and vice versa"; MYHYV for short) is a Spanish dating show produced by Magnolia TV. The show aired on Telecinco since its premiere on 9 June 2008, until it moved to Cuatro on 24 January 2018. The program has been hosted by Emma García since the beginning. The Spanish adaptation of the Italian TV programme "Uomini e Donne" gained an 18.4% audience share and was the most viewed program among the Spanish audience in its time slot during the first two seasons. Title: Ed. Weinberger Passage: Born and raised in Philadelphia, the only son of a Jewish butcher, Ed. Weinberger began his TV career after he dropped out of Columbia University, writing for such stand-up comedians as Dick Gregory, Richard Pryor, and Bill Cosby. His first job in television was writing for "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". He also wrote for "The Bob Hope Special", "The Bill Cosby Show", and "The Dean Martin Variety Hour". Title: Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost Passage: Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost is a 2011 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Dick Lowry and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the retired police chief of a small New England town who investigates the suspicious death of a young friend while the police force deals with the arrogant new police chief who is the son-in-law of a town councilman. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost" is the seventh in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 22, 2011. Title: Dean, Nova Scotia Passage: Dean is a small farming & forestry community in the North Branch Musquodoboit in the Musquodoboit Valley along the Halifax Regional Municipality/Colchester County county line, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, along Route 336. Other communities in the North Branch include Elmsvale, Greenwood, Upper Musquodoboit, and Moose River Gold Mines, among others. Title: Stone Cold (2005 film) Passage: Stone Cold is a 2005 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Robert Harmon and starring Tom Selleck, Jane Adams and Reg Rogers. Based on the 2003 novel "Stone Cold" by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the police chief of a small New England town who investigates a series of murders that occur with the same "modus operandi". Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. "Stone Cold" is the first in a series of nine television films based on Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network February 20, 2005. Even though it was broadcast first in the series of films, it actually takes place after the second film of the series, "", which aired a year after this. Title: Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt Passage: Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt is a 2012 American television crime drama film directed by Robert Harmon and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the police chief of a small New England town who returns from his forced retirement after his replacement is blown up in the town police car. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt is the eighth in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 20, 2012. Title: Denver Pyle Passage: Denver Dell Pyle (May 11, 1920 -- December 25, 1997) was an American film and television actor. He was known for portraying Briscoe Darling, Jr. in several episodes of The Andy Griffith Show, and playing Jesse Duke in The Dukes of Hazzard from 1979 - 85. Title: Jess Gonchor Passage: Jess Gonchor (born July 15, 1962 in New York City) is an American art director who was nominated at the 83rd Academy Awards for the film "True Grit". He was nominated for Best Art Direction, he shared his nomination with Nancy Haigh. Title: A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010 film) Passage: Kris Fowles (Katie Cassidy) goes to the Springwood Diner to meet with her boyfriend, Dean Russell (Kellan Lutz), who falls asleep at the table and meets a man covered in burn scars, wearing a clawed glove on his hand. The burned man cuts Dean's throat in the dream, but in reality it appears that Dean is cutting his own throat as his friend, waitress Nancy Holbrook (Rooney Mara), looks on with Kris. At Dean's funeral, Kris sees a photograph of her and Dean as children, but can not recall ever knowing Dean before high school. Kris begins to dream about the burned man herself and refuses to go to sleep for fear that she will die in her dreams. Jesse Braun (Thomas Dekker), Kris's ex-boyfriend, shows up to keep her company while she sleeps, but Kris meets the burned man in her dreams and is murdered. Covered in her blood, Jesse runs to Nancy's house and learns that Nancy has been having dreams about the same man: Freddy Krueger (Jackie Earle Haley). Title: 13 Eerie Passage: 13 Eerie is a 2013 Canadian horror film directed by Lowell Dean, making his feature film debut. It is also produced by Don Carmody, Kevin DeWalt, Mark Montague and David Cormican and written by Christian Piers Betley. The film stars Katharine Isabelle, Michael Shanks, Brendan Fehr, Brendan Fletcher, Nick Moran and Jesse Moss. It entails the story about six forensic undergrads completing a university field exam on a deserted island, oblivious that the island was previously used for illegal biological experiments on life-term prisoners. Title: Talk Show (band) Passage: Talk Show was an American alternative/hard rock band consisting of Dave Coutts (vocals), Dean DeLeo (guitar), Robert DeLeo (bass), and Eric Kretz (drums). The group was essentially Stone Temple Pilots with Coutts (formerly of the band Ten Inch Men) taking the place of Scott Weiland, who was working on solo material and struggling with drug addiction.	[ "Jesse Stone: Benefit of the Doubt", "Dean, Nova Scotia" ]
2hop__29273_533073	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gonzaga Family in Adoration of the Holy Trinity is a painting by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, housed in the Ducal Palace of Mantua, northern Italy.", "title": "The Gonzaga Family in Adoration of the Holy Trinity" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francesco Rovigo (1540/1541 – 7 October 1597) was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance, active in Mantua and Graz.", "title": "Francesco Rovigo" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The album released by the project is a rock opera based on an idea and story by Karin Forstner and issued through Lion Music in 2002. The story revolves around the intervention of the Gods - represented by the four elements Fire, Water, Earth and Air - to prevent the destruction of Mankind and on the mission of the Gods' messenger Mercuria back in time.", "title": "Missa Mercuria" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pure Flix Entertainment produced a sequel, God's Not Dead 2, with a release date of April 1, 2016, several days after Easter. A third God's Not Dead film, God's Not Dead: A Light in Darkness, came out on March 30, 2018.", "title": "God's Not Dead (film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francesco Maria Raineri (2 February 1676 – 28 February 1758) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque, mainly active in Mantua.", "title": "Francesco Maria Raineri" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Giorgio Mortara (April 4, 1885 in Mantua, Italy – 1967, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) was an Italian economist, demographer, and statistician.", "title": "Giorgio Mortara" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "God of War III is an action-adventure hack and slash video game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE). Released for the PlayStation 3 (PS3) console on March 16, 2010, the game is the fifth installment in the \"God of War\" series, the seventh chronologically, and the sequel to 2007's \"God of War II\". Loosely based on Greek mythology, the game is set in ancient Greece with vengeance as its central motif. The player controls the protagonist and former God of War Kratos, after his betrayal at the hands of his father Zeus, King of the Olympian gods. Reigniting the Great War, Kratos ascends Mount Olympus until he is abandoned by the Titan Gaia. Guided by Athena’s spirit, Kratos battles monsters, gods, and Titans in a search for Pandora, without whom he cannot open Pandora's Box, defeat Zeus, and end the reign of the Olympian gods.", "title": "God of War III" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paolo Farinati (also called as \"Farinato\" or \"Farinato degli Uberti\"; c. 1524 – c. 1606) was an Italian painter of the Mannerist style, active in mainly in his native Verona, but also in Mantua and Venice.", "title": "Paolo Farinati" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Willem Dafoe and Jason Liles as Ryuk: A demonic god of death and the creator of the Death Note, who begins communicating with Light when he receives the book and warns him about its repercussions. Liles played the character in costume, while Dafoe provided voice work and performance capture for the facial elements.", "title": "Death Note (2017 film)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "God of War (commonly referred to as God of War 4 or God of War PS4) is an upcoming third - person action - adventure video game in development by Santa Monica Studio and to be published by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE). It is scheduled to be released on April 20, 2018 for the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console. It will be the eighth installment in the God of War series, the eighth chronologically, and the sequel to 2010's God of War III. The story is a new direction for the series, as it will be loosely based on Norse mythology -- all previous games were based on Greek mythology. Series protagonist Kratos returns as the main character, and he now has a son named Atreus. Kratos acts as a mentor and protector to his son, and has to master the rage that has driven him for many years.", "title": "God of War (2018 video game)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Agnese Visconti also known as Agnes (1363 in Milan – 1391 in Mantua) was a daughter of Bernabò Visconti and his wife Beatrice Regina della Scala. She was consort of Mantua by her marriage to Francesco I Gonzaga.", "title": "Agnese Visconti" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "God of War is a third - person action - adventure game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE). Released on April 20, 2018, for the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console, it is the eighth installment in the God of War series, the eighth chronologically, and the sequel to 2010's God of War III. Unlike previous games, which were loosely based on Greek mythology, this game is loosely based on Norse mythology. The main protagonists are Kratos, the former Greek God of War, and his young son Atreus. Following the death of Kratos' second wife and Atreus' mother, they journey to fulfill her promise and spread her ashes at the highest peak of the nine realms. Kratos keeps his troubled past a secret from Atreus, who is unaware of his divine nature. Along their journey, they encounter monsters and gods of the Norse world.", "title": "God of War (2018 video game)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Giulio Turcato (16 March 1912 in Mantua – 22 January 1995 in Rome) was an Italian artist, belonging to both figurative and abstract expressionist currents.", "title": "Giulio Turcato" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mantua Cathedral () in Mantua, Lombardy, northern Italy, is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Peter. It is the seat of the Bishop of Mantua.", "title": "Mantua Cathedral" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes (/əˈɡliːtiːz/ ə-GLEE-teez; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, \"light of the sun\"), Helius (/ˈhiːliəs/ HEE-lee-əs; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally \"sun\"), Phanaeus (/fəˈniːəs/ fə-NEE-əs; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally \"giving or bringing light\"), and Lyceus (/laɪˈsiːəs/ ly-SEE-əs; Λύκειος, Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *λύκη, \"light\"). The meaning of the epithet \"Lyceus\" later became associated with Apollo's mother Leto, who was the patron goddess of Lycia (Λυκία) and who was identified with the wolf (λύκος), earning him the epithets Lycegenes (/laɪˈsɛdʒəniːz/ ly-SEJ-ə-neez; Λυκηγενής, Lukēgenēs, literally \"born of a wolf\" or \"born of Lycia\") and Lycoctonus (/laɪˈkɒktənəs/ ly-KOK-tə-nəs; Λυκοκτόνος, Lykoktonos, from λύκος, \"wolf\", and κτείνειν, \"to kill\"). As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally \"sun\" in Latin) by the Romans.", "title": "Apollo" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hajime Kamoshida (, born April 11, 1978) is a Japanese light novelist. His most famous work is \"The Pet Girl of Sakurasou\", has been adapted into a manga in 2011 and an anime television series in 2012. He started his career with \"Saga of a World Without God\" () in 2007.", "title": "Hajime Kamoshida" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Panfilo Nuvolone (1581–1651) was an Italian painter of the Mannerist period, who painted both religious and still life topics, active in Cremona and Mantua.", "title": "Panfilo Nuvolone" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The cult centers of Apollo in Greece, Delphi and Delos, date from the 8th century BCE. The Delos sanctuary was primarily dedicated to Artemis, Apollo's twin sister. At Delphi, Apollo was venerated as the slayer of Pytho. For the Greeks, Apollo was all the Gods in one and through the centuries he acquired different functions which could originate from different gods. In archaic Greece he was the prophet, the oracular god who in older times was connected with \"healing\". In classical Greece he was the god of light and of music, but in popular religion he had a strong function to keep away evil. Walter Burkert discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship, which he termed \"a Dorian-northwest Greek component, a Cretan-Minoan component, and a Syro-Hittite component.\"", "title": "Apollo" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Apollo of Mantua and its variants are early forms of the Apollo Citharoedus statue type, in which the god holds the cithara in his left arm. The type-piece, the first example discovered, is named for its location at Mantua; the type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polyclitus but more archaic. The Apollo held the \"cythara\" against his extended left arm, of which in the Louvre example (\"illustration\") a fragment of one twisting scrolling horn upright remains against his biceps.", "title": "Apollo of Mantua" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Duchy of Guastalla was an Italian state which existed between 1621 and 1748. It was bordered by the Duchy of Modena and Reggio and the Po River to the north, on the opposite bank of the Duchy of Mantua.", "title": "Duchy of Guastalla" } ]	What is the God of Light of Mantua based on?	Apollo Citharoedus	[]	Title: Apollo Passage: As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes (/əˈɡliːtiːz/ ə-GLEE-teez; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, "light of the sun"), Helius (/ˈhiːliəs/ HEE-lee-əs; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fəˈniːəs/ fə-NEE-əs; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/laɪˈsiːəs/ ly-SEE-əs; Λύκειος, Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *λύκη, "light"). The meaning of the epithet "Lyceus" later became associated with Apollo's mother Leto, who was the patron goddess of Lycia (Λυκία) and who was identified with the wolf (λύκος), earning him the epithets Lycegenes (/laɪˈsɛdʒəniːz/ ly-SEJ-ə-neez; Λυκηγενής, Lukēgenēs, literally "born of a wolf" or "born of Lycia") and Lycoctonus (/laɪˈkɒktənəs/ ly-KOK-tə-nəs; Λυκοκτόνος, Lykoktonos, from λύκος, "wolf", and κτείνειν, "to kill"). As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans. Title: God of War (2018 video game) Passage: God of War is a third - person action - adventure game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE). Released on April 20, 2018, for the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console, it is the eighth installment in the God of War series, the eighth chronologically, and the sequel to 2010's God of War III. Unlike previous games, which were loosely based on Greek mythology, this game is loosely based on Norse mythology. The main protagonists are Kratos, the former Greek God of War, and his young son Atreus. Following the death of Kratos' second wife and Atreus' mother, they journey to fulfill her promise and spread her ashes at the highest peak of the nine realms. Kratos keeps his troubled past a secret from Atreus, who is unaware of his divine nature. Along their journey, they encounter monsters and gods of the Norse world. Title: Mantua Cathedral Passage: Mantua Cathedral () in Mantua, Lombardy, northern Italy, is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Peter. It is the seat of the Bishop of Mantua. Title: Duchy of Guastalla Passage: The Duchy of Guastalla was an Italian state which existed between 1621 and 1748. It was bordered by the Duchy of Modena and Reggio and the Po River to the north, on the opposite bank of the Duchy of Mantua. Title: Hajime Kamoshida Passage: Hajime Kamoshida (, born April 11, 1978) is a Japanese light novelist. His most famous work is "The Pet Girl of Sakurasou", has been adapted into a manga in 2011 and an anime television series in 2012. He started his career with "Saga of a World Without God" () in 2007. Title: Francesco Rovigo Passage: Francesco Rovigo (1540/1541 – 7 October 1597) was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance, active in Mantua and Graz. Title: Giulio Turcato Passage: Giulio Turcato (16 March 1912 in Mantua – 22 January 1995 in Rome) was an Italian artist, belonging to both figurative and abstract expressionist currents. Title: Giorgio Mortara Passage: Giorgio Mortara (April 4, 1885 in Mantua, Italy – 1967, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) was an Italian economist, demographer, and statistician. Title: God of War III Passage: God of War III is an action-adventure hack and slash video game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE). Released for the PlayStation 3 (PS3) console on March 16, 2010, the game is the fifth installment in the "God of War" series, the seventh chronologically, and the sequel to 2007's "God of War II". Loosely based on Greek mythology, the game is set in ancient Greece with vengeance as its central motif. The player controls the protagonist and former God of War Kratos, after his betrayal at the hands of his father Zeus, King of the Olympian gods. Reigniting the Great War, Kratos ascends Mount Olympus until he is abandoned by the Titan Gaia. Guided by Athena’s spirit, Kratos battles monsters, gods, and Titans in a search for Pandora, without whom he cannot open Pandora's Box, defeat Zeus, and end the reign of the Olympian gods. Title: Missa Mercuria Passage: The album released by the project is a rock opera based on an idea and story by Karin Forstner and issued through Lion Music in 2002. The story revolves around the intervention of the Gods - represented by the four elements Fire, Water, Earth and Air - to prevent the destruction of Mankind and on the mission of the Gods' messenger Mercuria back in time. Title: Apollo Passage: The cult centers of Apollo in Greece, Delphi and Delos, date from the 8th century BCE. The Delos sanctuary was primarily dedicated to Artemis, Apollo's twin sister. At Delphi, Apollo was venerated as the slayer of Pytho. For the Greeks, Apollo was all the Gods in one and through the centuries he acquired different functions which could originate from different gods. In archaic Greece he was the prophet, the oracular god who in older times was connected with "healing". In classical Greece he was the god of light and of music, but in popular religion he had a strong function to keep away evil. Walter Burkert discerned three components in the prehistory of Apollo worship, which he termed "a Dorian-northwest Greek component, a Cretan-Minoan component, and a Syro-Hittite component." Title: The Gonzaga Family in Adoration of the Holy Trinity Passage: The Gonzaga Family in Adoration of the Holy Trinity is a painting by the Flemish artist Peter Paul Rubens, housed in the Ducal Palace of Mantua, northern Italy. Title: Apollo of Mantua Passage: The Apollo of Mantua and its variants are early forms of the Apollo Citharoedus statue type, in which the god holds the cithara in his left arm. The type-piece, the first example discovered, is named for its location at Mantua; the type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polyclitus but more archaic. The Apollo held the "cythara" against his extended left arm, of which in the Louvre example ("illustration") a fragment of one twisting scrolling horn upright remains against his biceps. Title: Panfilo Nuvolone Passage: Panfilo Nuvolone (1581–1651) was an Italian painter of the Mannerist period, who painted both religious and still life topics, active in Cremona and Mantua. Title: Agnese Visconti Passage: Agnese Visconti also known as Agnes (1363 in Milan – 1391 in Mantua) was a daughter of Bernabò Visconti and his wife Beatrice Regina della Scala. She was consort of Mantua by her marriage to Francesco I Gonzaga. Title: God of War (2018 video game) Passage: God of War (commonly referred to as God of War 4 or God of War PS4) is an upcoming third - person action - adventure video game in development by Santa Monica Studio and to be published by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE). It is scheduled to be released on April 20, 2018 for the PlayStation 4 (PS4) console. It will be the eighth installment in the God of War series, the eighth chronologically, and the sequel to 2010's God of War III. The story is a new direction for the series, as it will be loosely based on Norse mythology -- all previous games were based on Greek mythology. Series protagonist Kratos returns as the main character, and he now has a son named Atreus. Kratos acts as a mentor and protector to his son, and has to master the rage that has driven him for many years. Title: Francesco Maria Raineri Passage: Francesco Maria Raineri (2 February 1676 – 28 February 1758) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque, mainly active in Mantua.	[ "Apollo", "Apollo of Mantua" ]
2hop__502818_60600	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were moved to the midrange spot in Apple's iPhone lineup when the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were released in September 2015. The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were discontinued in most countries on September 7, 2016 when Apple announced the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. Their spot as the entry - level iPhone was replaced by the iPhone SE, which was released earlier on March 31, 2016. The iPhone 6 was relaunched with 32 GB of storage in Asian markets in February 2017 as a midrange / budget iPhone. It was later expanded to Europe, before hitting the US markets in May 2017, and Canada in July 2017.", "title": "IPhone 6" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Johnny Two Shoes is an indie game development studio based in London, UK. Johnny Two Shoes has developed online Flash games, as well as games for the iPhone/iPad platform. To date, the studio has released 17 Flash games and 2 iPhone games. The studio has won multiple awards for their work.", "title": "Johnny Two Shoes" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.1. 2, was released on November 16, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2 was released on November 17, 2017.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "title": "IPhone 5" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The M4V file format is a video container format developed by Apple and is very similar to the MP4 format. The primary difference is that M4V files may optionally be protected by DRM copy protection.", "title": "M4V" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release is iOS 11.0. 1.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the upcoming iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.2. 1, was released on December 13, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2. 5 was released on December 13, 2017.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS 10 A version of the iOS operating system The default iOS 10 home screen on an iPhone 7 Developer Apple Inc. Source model Closed with open - source components Initial release September 13, 2016; 17 months ago (2016 - 09 - 13) Latest release 10.3. 3 (14G60) / July 19, 2017; 7 months ago (2017 - 07 - 19) Platforms iPhone iPhone 5 iPhone 5C iPhone 5S iPhone 6 iPhone 6 Plus iPhone 6S iPhone 6S Plus iPhone SE iPhone 7 iPhone 7 Plus iPod Touch iPod Touch (6th generation) iPad iPad (4th generation) iPad Air iPad Air 2 iPad (2017) iPad Mini 2 iPad Mini 3 iPad Mini 4 iPad Pro Kernel type Hybrid (XNU) License Proprietary software with open - source components Preceded by iOS 9 Succeeded by iOS 11 Official website iOS 10 at the Wayback Machine (archived September 12, 2017) Support status Third - party application support only", "title": "IOS 10" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They will be succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "title": "IPhone 6S" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone X (``X ''pronounced`` ten'' / tɛn /) is a smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It was announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus. The phone was released on November 3, 2017. This device marks the iPhone series' tenth anniversary, with ``X ''being the symbol for`` ten'' in Roman numerals.", "title": "IPhone X" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 18, 2014, an 8 GB version of the device was released in UK, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Sweden and China. On September 9, 2014, Apple discontinued the iPhone 4S as part of its annual refresh of the iPhone lineup -- in which time the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were introduced -- thus making the iPhone 5C the entry - level model complimentary when a two - year contract is signed with a US carrier or $349 off - contract. The 16 & 32 GB versions of the iPhone 5C were also discontinued globally, replaced by the 8 GB model. However, some carriers in the US like AT&T kept the 16 GB and 32 GB models instead of having the 8 GB model, thus the 16 GB model was $0 (on - contract) and the 32 GB was priced between $50 -- $100 (on - contract). The 8 GB iPhone 5C succeeded the discontinued iPhone 4S as Apple's entry - level smartphone.", "title": "IPhone 5C" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 5 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and, setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "title": "IPhone 5" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "title": "IPhone 6S" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "title": "IPhone 4" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.4, was released on May 29, 2018.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were officially unveiled during a press event at the Flint Center for Performing Arts in Cupertino, California on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014; pre-orders began on September 12, 2014, with the iPhone 6 starting at US $649 and the iPhone 6 Plus starting at US $749. In China, where the iPhone 5c and 5s were the first models in the iPhone series to be released in the country on the same day as their international launch, Apple notified local wireless carriers that it would be unable to release the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus on the 19th because there were ``details which are not ready ''; local media reported that the devices had not yet been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and earlier in the year, a news report by state broadcaster China Central Television alleged that iPhone devices were a threat to national security because iOS 7's`` frequent locations'' function could expose ``state secrets. ''", "title": "IPhone 6" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "title": "IPhone 6" } ]	When did the iPhone 6 by the developer of M4V come out?	September 19, 2014	[]	Title: IPhone 5 Passage: The iPhone 5 is a smartphone designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone, succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the upcoming iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They will be succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.2. 1, was released on December 13, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2. 5 was released on December 13, 2017. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were officially unveiled during a press event at the Flint Center for Performing Arts in Cupertino, California on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014; pre-orders began on September 12, 2014, with the iPhone 6 starting at US $649 and the iPhone 6 Plus starting at US $749. In China, where the iPhone 5c and 5s were the first models in the iPhone series to be released in the country on the same day as their international launch, Apple notified local wireless carriers that it would be unable to release the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus on the 19th because there were ``details which are not ready ''; local media reported that the devices had not yet been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and earlier in the year, a news report by state broadcaster China Central Television alleged that iPhone devices were a threat to national security because iOS 7's`` frequent locations'' function could expose ``state secrets. '' Title: IPhone X Passage: iPhone X (``X ''pronounced`` ten'' / tɛn /) is a smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It was announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus. The phone was released on November 3, 2017. This device marks the iPhone series' tenth anniversary, with ``X ''being the symbol for`` ten'' in Roman numerals. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.1. 2, was released on November 16, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2 was released on November 17, 2017. Title: IPhone 4 Passage: The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S. Title: IPhone 5 Passage: The iPhone 5 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and, setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs. Title: IOS 10 Passage: iOS 10 A version of the iOS operating system The default iOS 10 home screen on an iPhone 7 Developer Apple Inc. Source model Closed with open - source components Initial release September 13, 2016; 17 months ago (2016 - 09 - 13) Latest release 10.3. 3 (14G60) / July 19, 2017; 7 months ago (2017 - 07 - 19) Platforms iPhone iPhone 5 iPhone 5C iPhone 5S iPhone 6 iPhone 6 Plus iPhone 6S iPhone 6S Plus iPhone SE iPhone 7 iPhone 7 Plus iPod Touch iPod Touch (6th generation) iPad iPad (4th generation) iPad Air iPad Air 2 iPad (2017) iPad Mini 2 iPad Mini 3 iPad Mini 4 iPad Pro Kernel type Hybrid (XNU) License Proprietary software with open - source components Preceded by iOS 9 Succeeded by iOS 11 Official website iOS 10 at the Wayback Machine (archived September 12, 2017) Support status Third - party application support only Title: M4V Passage: The M4V file format is a video container format developed by Apple and is very similar to the MP4 format. The primary difference is that M4V files may optionally be protected by DRM copy protection. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release is iOS 11.0. 1. Title: IPhone 5C Passage: On March 18, 2014, an 8 GB version of the device was released in UK, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Sweden and China. On September 9, 2014, Apple discontinued the iPhone 4S as part of its annual refresh of the iPhone lineup -- in which time the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were introduced -- thus making the iPhone 5C the entry - level model complimentary when a two - year contract is signed with a US carrier or $349 off - contract. The 16 & 32 GB versions of the iPhone 5C were also discontinued globally, replaced by the 8 GB model. However, some carriers in the US like AT&T kept the 16 GB and 32 GB models instead of having the 8 GB model, thus the 16 GB model was $0 (on - contract) and the 32 GB was priced between $50 -- $100 (on - contract). The 8 GB iPhone 5C succeeded the discontinued iPhone 4S as Apple's entry - level smartphone. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.4, was released on May 29, 2018. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015. Title: Johnny Two Shoes Passage: Johnny Two Shoes is an indie game development studio based in London, UK. Johnny Two Shoes has developed online Flash games, as well as games for the iPhone/iPad platform. To date, the studio has released 17 Flash games and 2 iPhone games. The studio has won multiple awards for their work. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.	[ "M4V", "IPhone 6" ]
2hop__143071_737459	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Watching the Wheels\" is a single by John Lennon released posthumously in 1981, after his murder. The B-side features Yoko Ono's \"Yes, I'm Your Angel.\" It was the third and final single released from Lennon and Ono's album \"Double Fantasy\", and reached number 10 in the US on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number 7 on \"Cashbox Magazine's\" Top 100. It also peaked at number 30 in the UK.", "title": "Watching the Wheels" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An example of a tool for personal decolonization is the medicine wheel healing concept derived from a Pan-Indian religious symbol, used in more ancient times by nations of the North American Plains. This concept helps people whose will has been damaged by colonization to balance the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual aspects of their self. By creating balance in all these areas of the self a person can find movement on the journey of decolonization and healing from intergenerational trauma. This tool links to the sacred medicine wheel circles created by the aboriginal inhabitants of Western North America.", "title": "Indigenous decolonization" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ETA designs and manufactures mechanical and automatic watches, watch movements and watch ébauches. Although the company produces finished watches and movements, ETA specializes in the production of ébauche movements used both in watches of sister Swatch Group subsidiary brands and in the watches of competitors, including brands owned by Compagnie Financière Richemont S.A. and others. With the exception of hairsprings manufactured by sister company Nivarox, ETA maintains vertical control over the manufacturing of all of the components required to create a watch movement and therefore is considered a true manufacture d'horlogerie.", "title": "ETA SA" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Front - wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front - wheel - drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear - wheel - drive and four - wheel drive vehicles.", "title": "Front-wheel drive" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When completed in 2001, it was the world's second tallest Ferris wheel. It was also the tallest Ferris wheel ever built in Japan, but was surpassed the following year by the Sky Dream Fukuoka. However, the Fukuoka wheel closed in September 2009, and the Kasai Rinkai Park wheel once again became Japan's tallest operational Ferris wheel.", "title": "Diamond and Flower Ferris Wheel" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the subtractive color system, used in painting and color printing, green is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. On the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel, the complement of green is magenta; that is, a color corresponding to an equal mixture of red and blue light (one of the purples). On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red.", "title": "Green" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility (PUMA) was an experimental electrically powered road vehicle created by Segway and adopted by General Motors as a concept vehicle representing the future of urban transportation. It operates on two wheels placed side by side, a layout that differs in placement from motorcycles which instead have their two wheels placed at the front and rear.", "title": "Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Waltham Watch Company, also known as the American Waltham Watch Co. and the American Watch Co., produced about 40 million watches, clocks, speedometers, compasses, time fuses, and other precision instruments between 1850 and 1957. The company's historic 19th-century manufacturing facilities in Waltham, Massachusetts have been preserved as the American Waltham Watch Company Historic District.", "title": "Waltham Watch Company" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A calculator watch is a digital watch with a built in calculator, usually including buttons on the watch face. Calculator watches were first introduced in the 1970s and continue to be produced, despite falling from their peak popularity during the 1980s. The most notable brand is the Casio Databank series, though watches made by Timex were also popular.", "title": "Calculator watch" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Ferris wheel is a non-building structure, consisting of an upright wheel with passenger gondolas attached to the rim. Opened on June 21, 1893 at the Chicago World's Fair, the original Ferris Wheel was invented two years earlier by the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania bridge - builder George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. in 1891.", "title": "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It included carnival rides, among them the original Ferris Wheel, built by George Washington Gale Ferris Jr... This wheel was 264 feet (80 m) high and had 36 cars, each of which could accommodate 40 people. The importance of the Columbian Exposition is highlighted by the use of rueda de Chicago (``Chicago wheel '') in many Latin American countries such as Costa Rica and Chile in reference to the Ferris wheel. One attendee, George C. Tilyou, later credited the sights he saw on the Chicago midway for inspiring him to create America's first major amusement park, Steeplechase Park in Coney Island, New York.", "title": "World's Columbian Exposition" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bicycle Wheel is a readymade from Marcel Duchamp consisting of a bicycle fork with front wheel mounted upside-down on a wooden stool.", "title": "Bicycle Wheel" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the outer edge of the wheel. The ball eventually loses momentum, passes through an area of deflectors, and falls onto the wheel and into one of 37 (in French / European style roulette) or 38 (in American style roulette) colored and numbered pockets on the wheel.", "title": "Roulette" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPod Mini used the touch-sensitive scroll wheel of the third generation iPod. However, instead of the four touch buttons located above the wheel, the buttons were redesigned as mechanical switches beneath the wheel itself—hence the name \"click wheel\". To use one of the four buttons, the user physically pushes the edge of the wheel inward over one of the four labels. Like its predecessors, the wheel was developed for Apple by Synaptics. The click wheel is now also used in the fourth, fifth and sixth generation iPods and the iPod Nano, from first generation through the fifth; however, in the Nano and 5G iPods onwards, the click wheel used was developed by Apple.", "title": "IPod Mini" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lara then finds herself in a strange alternate existence facing her father Lord Richard Croft (Jon Voight). He explains that it is a ``crossing ''of time and space, and urges her to destroy the Triangle instead of using it to save his life. Lara leaves her father and returns to the chamber, where time is slowly running backwards from the point where Powell killed West. Croft takes the knife Powell threw into West's chest and reverses it, then destroys the Triangle, which returns time to its normal flow and directs the knife into Powell's shoulder. The chamber begins to self - destruct. As everyone turns to leave, Powell reveals to Lara that he murdered her father and stole his pocket watch with a picture of Lara's mother inside as a trophy. Lara and Powell engage in a hand - to - hand fight. Lara kills him, retrieves the pocket watch, and escapes as the chamber crumbles.", "title": "Lara Croft: Tomb Raider" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Watching Ellie is an American sitcom that starred Julia Louis-Dreyfus and was created by her husband, Brad Hall. It aired on NBC from February 2002 to May 2003, though only sixteen episodes were broadcast before it was canceled due to low ratings.", "title": "Watching Ellie" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Julia Lennon (née Stanley; 12 March 1914 – 15 July 1958) was the mother of English musician John Lennon, who was born during her marriage to Alfred Lennon. After complaints to Liverpool's Social Services by her eldest sister, Mimi Smith (née Stanley), she handed over the care of her son to her sister. She later had one daughter after an affair with a Welsh soldier, but the baby was given up for adoption after pressure from her family. She then had two daughters, Julia and Jackie, with John 'Bobby' Dykins. She never divorced her husband, preferring to live as the common-law wife of Dykins for the rest of her life.", "title": "Julia Lennon" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vedic mythology and Vedic astronomy describes Bhu-mandala, Bhuloka to be divided into 7 islands (planets in outer space). It is said that Maharaja Priyavrata drove his celestial chariot behind the sun, the rims of his chariot wheels created impressions that later became seven oceans, dividing the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala into seven islands. So, he created seven different types of oceans and planetary systems, which altogether are known as Bhu-mandala, or Bhuloka.", "title": "Bhuu" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-François Bautte (22 March 1772 in Geneva – 30 November 1837 in Geneva) was a Swiss watchmaker and jeweller famous for several reasons: he founded the most complete watch manufacture of his time in Geneva. He also created watches and jewellery for famous people and was one of the inventors of the extra-thin watch.", "title": "Jean-François Bautte" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dame Edna's Neighbourhood Watch was a comic game show created by Barry Humphries for ITV in the UK. It was televised on Saturday nights.", "title": "Dame Edna's Neighbourhood Watch" } ]	The creator of Watching the Wheels is whose son?	Alfred Lennon	[]	Title: Bicycle Wheel Passage: Bicycle Wheel is a readymade from Marcel Duchamp consisting of a bicycle fork with front wheel mounted upside-down on a wooden stool. Title: Lara Croft: Tomb Raider Passage: Lara then finds herself in a strange alternate existence facing her father Lord Richard Croft (Jon Voight). He explains that it is a ``crossing ''of time and space, and urges her to destroy the Triangle instead of using it to save his life. Lara leaves her father and returns to the chamber, where time is slowly running backwards from the point where Powell killed West. Croft takes the knife Powell threw into West's chest and reverses it, then destroys the Triangle, which returns time to its normal flow and directs the knife into Powell's shoulder. The chamber begins to self - destruct. As everyone turns to leave, Powell reveals to Lara that he murdered her father and stole his pocket watch with a picture of Lara's mother inside as a trophy. Lara and Powell engage in a hand - to - hand fight. Lara kills him, retrieves the pocket watch, and escapes as the chamber crumbles. Title: Front-wheel drive Passage: Front - wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, where the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front - wheel - drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear - wheel - drive and four - wheel drive vehicles. Title: Watching Ellie Passage: Watching Ellie is an American sitcom that starred Julia Louis-Dreyfus and was created by her husband, Brad Hall. It aired on NBC from February 2002 to May 2003, though only sixteen episodes were broadcast before it was canceled due to low ratings. Title: Dame Edna's Neighbourhood Watch Passage: Dame Edna's Neighbourhood Watch was a comic game show created by Barry Humphries for ITV in the UK. It was televised on Saturday nights. Title: Waltham Watch Company Passage: The Waltham Watch Company, also known as the American Waltham Watch Co. and the American Watch Co., produced about 40 million watches, clocks, speedometers, compasses, time fuses, and other precision instruments between 1850 and 1957. The company's historic 19th-century manufacturing facilities in Waltham, Massachusetts have been preserved as the American Waltham Watch Company Historic District. Title: Diamond and Flower Ferris Wheel Passage: When completed in 2001, it was the world's second tallest Ferris wheel. It was also the tallest Ferris wheel ever built in Japan, but was surpassed the following year by the Sky Dream Fukuoka. However, the Fukuoka wheel closed in September 2009, and the Kasai Rinkai Park wheel once again became Japan's tallest operational Ferris wheel. Title: Watching the Wheels Passage: "Watching the Wheels" is a single by John Lennon released posthumously in 1981, after his murder. The B-side features Yoko Ono's "Yes, I'm Your Angel." It was the third and final single released from Lennon and Ono's album "Double Fantasy", and reached number 10 in the US on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 7 on "Cashbox Magazine's" Top 100. It also peaked at number 30 in the UK. Title: Roulette Passage: To determine the winning number and color, a croupier spins a wheel in one direction, then spins a ball in the opposite direction around a tilted circular track running around the outer edge of the wheel. The ball eventually loses momentum, passes through an area of deflectors, and falls onto the wheel and into one of 37 (in French / European style roulette) or 38 (in American style roulette) colored and numbered pockets on the wheel. Title: Jean-François Bautte Passage: Jean-François Bautte (22 March 1772 in Geneva – 30 November 1837 in Geneva) was a Swiss watchmaker and jeweller famous for several reasons: he founded the most complete watch manufacture of his time in Geneva. He also created watches and jewellery for famous people and was one of the inventors of the extra-thin watch. Title: Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945) Passage: A Ferris wheel is a non-building structure, consisting of an upright wheel with passenger gondolas attached to the rim. Opened on June 21, 1893 at the Chicago World's Fair, the original Ferris Wheel was invented two years earlier by the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania bridge - builder George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. in 1891. Title: World's Columbian Exposition Passage: It included carnival rides, among them the original Ferris Wheel, built by George Washington Gale Ferris Jr... This wheel was 264 feet (80 m) high and had 36 cars, each of which could accommodate 40 people. The importance of the Columbian Exposition is highlighted by the use of rueda de Chicago (``Chicago wheel '') in many Latin American countries such as Costa Rica and Chile in reference to the Ferris wheel. One attendee, George C. Tilyou, later credited the sights he saw on the Chicago midway for inspiring him to create America's first major amusement park, Steeplechase Park in Coney Island, New York. Title: Bhuu Passage: Vedic mythology and Vedic astronomy describes Bhu-mandala, Bhuloka to be divided into 7 islands (planets in outer space). It is said that Maharaja Priyavrata drove his celestial chariot behind the sun, the rims of his chariot wheels created impressions that later became seven oceans, dividing the planetary system known as Bhu-mandala into seven islands. So, he created seven different types of oceans and planetary systems, which altogether are known as Bhu-mandala, or Bhuloka. Title: Green Passage: In the subtractive color system, used in painting and color printing, green is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. On the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel, the complement of green is magenta; that is, a color corresponding to an equal mixture of red and blue light (one of the purples). On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red. Title: Indigenous decolonization Passage: An example of a tool for personal decolonization is the medicine wheel healing concept derived from a Pan-Indian religious symbol, used in more ancient times by nations of the North American Plains. This concept helps people whose will has been damaged by colonization to balance the physical, mental, emotional and spiritual aspects of their self. By creating balance in all these areas of the self a person can find movement on the journey of decolonization and healing from intergenerational trauma. This tool links to the sacred medicine wheel circles created by the aboriginal inhabitants of Western North America. Title: Julia Lennon Passage: Julia Lennon (née Stanley; 12 March 1914 – 15 July 1958) was the mother of English musician John Lennon, who was born during her marriage to Alfred Lennon. After complaints to Liverpool's Social Services by her eldest sister, Mimi Smith (née Stanley), she handed over the care of her son to her sister. She later had one daughter after an affair with a Welsh soldier, but the baby was given up for adoption after pressure from her family. She then had two daughters, Julia and Jackie, with John 'Bobby' Dykins. She never divorced her husband, preferring to live as the common-law wife of Dykins for the rest of her life. Title: Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility Passage: The Personal Urban Mobility and Accessibility (PUMA) was an experimental electrically powered road vehicle created by Segway and adopted by General Motors as a concept vehicle representing the future of urban transportation. It operates on two wheels placed side by side, a layout that differs in placement from motorcycles which instead have their two wheels placed at the front and rear.	[ "Watching the Wheels", "Julia Lennon" ]
4hop1__511550_166077_548045_64745	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Palace of Nations (, ) is the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva, located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was built between 1929 and 1938 to serve as the headquarters of the League of Nations. It has served as the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva since 1946 when the Secretary-General of the United Nations signed a Headquarters Agreement with the Swiss authorities, although Switzerland did not become a member of the United Nations until 2002.", "title": "Palace of Nations" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Swedish evolved from Old Norse around the 14th and 15th century, and historically, the Swedish dialects were generally much more different than today. Since the 20th century Standard Swedish prevails throughout the country. The Scandinavian languages constitute a dialectal continuum and some of the traditional Swedish dialects could equally be described as Danish (Scanian) or Norwegian (Jamtlandic).", "title": "Languages of Sweden" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "title": "Togo" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tony Moulai (born 17 January 1976 in Saint-Nazaire) is a triathlete from France. Moulai has won three silver medals in his entire sporting career, including one for mixed team relay, and is currently ranked no. 13 in the world by the International Triathlon Union. He is also a member of the Poissy Triathlon team.", "title": "Tony Moulai" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nowadays, France only recognizes French as an official language. Nevertheless, on 10 December 2007, the General Council of the Pyrénées-Orientales officially recognized Catalan as one of the languages of the department and seeks to further promote it in public life and education.", "title": "Catalan language" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He began coaching youth teams of IF Brommapojkarna and moved on to Stockholm rival Hammarby IF in 2003, to coach in Hammarby's youth organization.", "title": "Carlos Banda (footballer, born 1978)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little League World Series Most recent season or competition: 2017 Little League World Series Sport Baseball Founded 1947, 70 years ago No. of teams 16 Countries International Most recent champion (s) Tokyo, Japan Most titles Taiwan (17 titles) Official website LittleLeague.org", "title": "Little League World Series" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lotorps IF is a sports club in Lotorp, Sweden, established on 15 March 1923. The women's bandy team has played three seasons in the Swedish top division. The women's soccer team played three seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1997.", "title": "Lotorps IF" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics", "title": "Kabaddi" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The constitution of the Fifth Republic states that French alone is the official language of the Republic. However, Alsatian, along with other regional languages, are recognized by the French government in the official list of languages of France. A 1999 INSEE survey counted 548,000 adult speakers of Alsatian in France, making it the second most-spoken regional language in the country (after Occitan). Like all regional languages in France, however, the transmission of Alsatian is on the decline. While 39% of the adult population of Alsace speaks Alsatian, only one in four children speaks it, and only one in ten children uses it regularly.", "title": "Alsace" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Traditionally, the Embassy to France has been the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in past centuries, diplomatic representation was lacking due to wars between the two countries and the Nazi occupation.", "title": "List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Filipstads IF is a sports club in Filipstad, Sweden, established in 1930. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division during the seasons of 1967–1968, 1972–1973 and 1974–1975. The soccer team played in the Swedish fourth division during the season of 1956/1957.", "title": "Filipstads IF" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He died of a brain tumor, 76 days after his last Allsvenskan game for IF Brommapojkarna, which he played as the captain.", "title": "Pontus Segerström" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Damernas Värld (meaning \"Women's World\" in English) is a Swedish language monthly fashion and women's magazine published in Stockholm, Sweden. It is one of the oldest magazines in the country.", "title": "Damernas Värld" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BIG3 BIG3 official logo Sport Basketball Founded January 11, 2017; 19 months ago (2017 - 01 - 11) Founder Ice Cube Jeff Kwatinetz Inaugural season 2017 Commissioner Clyde Drexler No. of teams 8 Country United States Headquarters Los Angeles, California Venue (s) 10 Continent FIBA Americas (Americas) Most recent champion (s) Power (1st title) Most titles Power (1 title) Trilogy (1 title) TV partner (s) Fox, FS1 Official website BIG3.com", "title": "Big3" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of France in Stockholm is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Sweden. The chancery is located at Kommendörsgatan 13.", "title": "Embassy of France, Stockholm" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miike Snow was formed in 2007 in Stockholm, Sweden. Band members Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg were childhood friends who spent time playing in bands and working on various projects in studios throughout the city of Gothenburg. Karlsson was a former member of the Swedish hip-hop band Goldmine, who toured with The Fugees. After separate moves to Stockholm, they reunited in 2000.", "title": "Miike Snow" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bosön is a sports complex on Lidingö outside Stockholm in Sweden, and the headquarters for the Swedish Sports Confederation. Several Swedish national teams have annual training camps at Bosön.", "title": "Bosön" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Up to 1990, English, German and Afrikaans were official languages. Long before Namibia's independence from South Africa, SWAPO was of the opinion that the country should become officially monolingual, choosing this approach in contrast to that of its neighbour South Africa (which granted all 11 of its major languages official status), which was seen by them as \"a deliberate policy of ethnolinguistic fragmentation.\" Consequently, SWAPO instituted English as the sole official language of Namibia though only about 3% of the population speaks it as a home language. Its implementation is focused on the civil service, education and the broadcasting system. Some other languages have received semi-official recognition by being allowed as medium of instruction in primary schools. It is expected of private schools to follow the same policy as state schools, and \"English language\" is a compulsory subject. As in other postcolonial African societies, the push for monolingual instruction and policy has resulted in a high rate of school drop-outs and of individuals whose academic competence in any language is low.", "title": "Namibia" } ]	When did Swedish become the official language of the country having Embassy of France at the headquarters location of the sports team with Pontus Segerström as a member?	20th century	[]	Title: Pontus Segerström Passage: He died of a brain tumor, 76 days after his last Allsvenskan game for IF Brommapojkarna, which he played as the captain. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics Title: Damernas Värld Passage: Damernas Värld (meaning "Women's World" in English) is a Swedish language monthly fashion and women's magazine published in Stockholm, Sweden. It is one of the oldest magazines in the country. Title: Miike Snow Passage: Miike Snow was formed in 2007 in Stockholm, Sweden. Band members Christian Karlsson and Pontus Winnberg were childhood friends who spent time playing in bands and working on various projects in studios throughout the city of Gothenburg. Karlsson was a former member of the Swedish hip-hop band Goldmine, who toured with The Fugees. After separate moves to Stockholm, they reunited in 2000. Title: Togo Passage: Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages. Title: Namibia Passage: Up to 1990, English, German and Afrikaans were official languages. Long before Namibia's independence from South Africa, SWAPO was of the opinion that the country should become officially monolingual, choosing this approach in contrast to that of its neighbour South Africa (which granted all 11 of its major languages official status), which was seen by them as "a deliberate policy of ethnolinguistic fragmentation." Consequently, SWAPO instituted English as the sole official language of Namibia though only about 3% of the population speaks it as a home language. Its implementation is focused on the civil service, education and the broadcasting system. Some other languages have received semi-official recognition by being allowed as medium of instruction in primary schools. It is expected of private schools to follow the same policy as state schools, and "English language" is a compulsory subject. As in other postcolonial African societies, the push for monolingual instruction and policy has resulted in a high rate of school drop-outs and of individuals whose academic competence in any language is low. Title: Filipstads IF Passage: Filipstads IF is a sports club in Filipstad, Sweden, established in 1930. The men's bandy team played in the Swedish top division during the seasons of 1967–1968, 1972–1973 and 1974–1975. The soccer team played in the Swedish fourth division during the season of 1956/1957. Title: Bosön Passage: Bosön is a sports complex on Lidingö outside Stockholm in Sweden, and the headquarters for the Swedish Sports Confederation. Several Swedish national teams have annual training camps at Bosön. Title: Embassy of France, Stockholm Passage: The Embassy of France in Stockholm is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Sweden. The chancery is located at Kommendörsgatan 13. Title: Lotorps IF Passage: Lotorps IF is a sports club in Lotorp, Sweden, established on 15 March 1923. The women's bandy team has played three seasons in the Swedish top division. The women's soccer team played three seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1997. Title: Tony Moulai Passage: Tony Moulai (born 17 January 1976 in Saint-Nazaire) is a triathlete from France. Moulai has won three silver medals in his entire sporting career, including one for mixed team relay, and is currently ranked no. 13 in the world by the International Triathlon Union. He is also a member of the Poissy Triathlon team. Title: Little League World Series Passage: Little League World Series Most recent season or competition: 2017 Little League World Series Sport Baseball Founded 1947, 70 years ago No. of teams 16 Countries International Most recent champion (s) Tokyo, Japan Most titles Taiwan (17 titles) Official website LittleLeague.org Title: Languages of Sweden Passage: Swedish evolved from Old Norse around the 14th and 15th century, and historically, the Swedish dialects were generally much more different than today. Since the 20th century Standard Swedish prevails throughout the country. The Scandinavian languages constitute a dialectal continuum and some of the traditional Swedish dialects could equally be described as Danish (Scanian) or Norwegian (Jamtlandic). Title: Carlos Banda (footballer, born 1978) Passage: He began coaching youth teams of IF Brommapojkarna and moved on to Stockholm rival Hammarby IF in 2003, to coach in Hammarby's youth organization. Title: List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France Passage: Traditionally, the Embassy to France has been the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in past centuries, diplomatic representation was lacking due to wars between the two countries and the Nazi occupation. Title: Big3 Passage: BIG3 BIG3 official logo Sport Basketball Founded January 11, 2017; 19 months ago (2017 - 01 - 11) Founder Ice Cube Jeff Kwatinetz Inaugural season 2017 Commissioner Clyde Drexler No. of teams 8 Country United States Headquarters Los Angeles, California Venue (s) 10 Continent FIBA Americas (Americas) Most recent champion (s) Power (1st title) Most titles Power (1 title) Trilogy (1 title) TV partner (s) Fox, FS1 Official website BIG3.com Title: Palace of Nations Passage: The Palace of Nations (, ) is the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva, located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was built between 1929 and 1938 to serve as the headquarters of the League of Nations. It has served as the home of the United Nations Office at Geneva since 1946 when the Secretary-General of the United Nations signed a Headquarters Agreement with the Swiss authorities, although Switzerland did not become a member of the United Nations until 2002.	[ "Languages of Sweden", "Carlos Banda (footballer, born 1978)", "Pontus Segerström", "Embassy of France, Stockholm" ]
3hop1__443297_755188_480696	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New Hope (also called Fenwick Mountain) is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. New Hope lies between the communities of Fenwick and Nettie along West Virginia Routes 20 and 39. New Hope is also the location of nearby Richwood's municipal airport. Fenwick Mountain has three churches, New Hope Baptist Church, the Macedonia United Methodist Church and the Revival Center. Fenwick Mountain is predominantly a Christian community based on the timber and coal mining industries. Fenwick Mountain also has a Community Center which was converted from the old New Hope Elementary School. The New Hope Community also known as Fenwick Mountain receives its water supply from neighboring city of Richwood. Fenwick Mountain is also home of the famous Spencer Lumber Company.", "title": "New Hope, Nicholas County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Good is an unincorporated community in northeastern Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States atop Bear Garden Mountain. Good is located on the Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127) at I.L. Pugh Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 6/2) east of Bloomery and northwest of Winchester on the West Virginia/Virginia border. Good partly lies in Frederick County, Virginia.", "title": "Good, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg.", "title": "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida.", "title": "Tudor's Biscuit World" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Manchester (formerly Fairview and Pughtown) is an unincorporated community in Hancock County, West Virginia. It is located along West Virginia Route 8 northeast of New Cumberland near Tomlinson Run State Park.", "title": "New Manchester, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kåfjord is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Kåfjorden, about west of the town of Alta along the European route E6 highway. The village of Kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the E6 highway.", "title": "Kåfjord, Alta" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs.", "title": "Meadow River" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court.", "title": "Virginia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "title": "Northern Territory" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located on West Virginia Route 16 and West Virginia Route 39 north of Gauley Bridge.", "title": "Alta, Fayette County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "West Virginia is one of two American states formed during the American Civil War (1861 -- 1865), along with Nevada, and is the only state to form by seceding from a Confederate state. It was originally part of the British Virginia Colony (1607 -- 1776) and the western part of the state of Virginia (1776 -- 1863), whose population became sharply divided over the issue of secession from the Union and in the separation from Virginia, formalized by admittance to the Union as a new state in 1863. West Virginia was one of the Civil War Border states.", "title": "History of West Virginia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Texas (/ ˈtɛksəs /, locally / ˈtɛksəz /; Spanish: Texas or Tejas, pronounced (ˈtexas)) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "title": "Texas" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City", "title": "History of Nevada" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.", "title": "Municipio XIX" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" } ]	What country is Alta, in the county that shares a border with the one New Hope is located, West Virginia located in?	U.S.	[ "US of A", "America", "U.S", "the United States", "the U.S.", "United States", "US" ]	Title: History of Nevada Passage: Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Kåfjord, Alta Passage: Kåfjord is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Kåfjorden, about west of the town of Alta along the European route E6 highway. The village of Kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the E6 highway. Title: Meadow River Passage: The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. Title: Northern Territory Passage: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. Title: History of West Virginia Passage: West Virginia is one of two American states formed during the American Civil War (1861 -- 1865), along with Nevada, and is the only state to form by seceding from a Confederate state. It was originally part of the British Virginia Colony (1607 -- 1776) and the western part of the state of Virginia (1776 -- 1863), whose population became sharply divided over the issue of secession from the Union and in the separation from Virginia, formalized by admittance to the Union as a new state in 1863. West Virginia was one of the Civil War Border states. Title: Good, West Virginia Passage: Good is an unincorporated community in northeastern Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States atop Bear Garden Mountain. Good is located on the Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127) at I.L. Pugh Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 6/2) east of Bloomery and northwest of Winchester on the West Virginia/Virginia border. Good partly lies in Frederick County, Virginia. Title: Virginia Passage: Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. Title: New Hope, Nicholas County, West Virginia Passage: New Hope (also called Fenwick Mountain) is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. New Hope lies between the communities of Fenwick and Nettie along West Virginia Routes 20 and 39. New Hope is also the location of nearby Richwood's municipal airport. Fenwick Mountain has three churches, New Hope Baptist Church, the Macedonia United Methodist Church and the Revival Center. Fenwick Mountain is predominantly a Christian community based on the timber and coal mining industries. Fenwick Mountain also has a Community Center which was converted from the old New Hope Elementary School. The New Hope Community also known as Fenwick Mountain receives its water supply from neighboring city of Richwood. Fenwick Mountain is also home of the famous Spencer Lumber Company. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: New Manchester, West Virginia Passage: New Manchester (formerly Fairview and Pughtown) is an unincorporated community in Hancock County, West Virginia. It is located along West Virginia Route 8 northeast of New Cumberland near Tomlinson Run State Park. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia Passage: Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Title: Texas Passage: Texas (/ ˈtɛksəs /, locally / ˈtɛksəz /; Spanish: Texas or Tejas, pronounced (ˈtexas)) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Tudor's Biscuit World Passage: Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida.	[ "New Hope, Nicholas County, West Virginia", "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia", "Meadow River" ]
2hop__201062_49333	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation (destroying large bills received by banks) in 1969. As of May 30, 2009, only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist; 342 remaining $5,000 bills; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills. Due to their rarity, collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them. Some are in museums in other parts of the world.", "title": "Large denominations of United States currency" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Should I Come Home (Or Should I Go Crazy)\" is a song written by Joe Allen, and recorded by American country music artist Gene Watson. It was released in September 1979 as the first single from the album \"Should I Come Home\". The song reached #3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Should I Come Home (Or Should I Go Crazy)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The crisis started in Thailand (known in Thailand as the Tom Yum Goong crisis; Thai: วิกฤตต้มยำกุ้ง) with the financial collapse of the Thai baht after the Thai government was forced to float the baht due to lack of foreign currency to support its currency peg to the U.S. dollar. Capital flight ensued, beginning an international chain reaction. At the time, Thailand had acquired a burden of foreign debt that made the country effectively bankrupt even before the collapse of its currency. As the crisis spread, most of Southeast Asia and Japan saw slumping currencies, devalued stock markets and other asset prices, and a precipitous rise in private debt.Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand were the countries most affected by the crisis. Hong Kong, Laos, Malaysia and the Philippines were also hurt by the slump. Brunei, China, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam were less affected, although all suffered from a loss of demand and confidence throughout the region. Japan was also affected, though less significantly.", "title": "1997 Asian financial crisis" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969. Since then, U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations: $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100.", "title": "Large denominations of United States currency" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``In God We Trust ''first appeared on the two - cent piece in 1864 and has appeared on paper currency since 1957. A law passed in a Joint Resolution by the 84th Congress (P.L. 84 - 140) and approved by President Dwight Eisenhower on July 30, 1956, declared`` In God We Trust'' must appear on American currency. This phrase was first used on paper money in 1957, when it appeared on the one - dollar silver certificate. The first paper currency bearing the phrase entered circulation on October 1, 1957. The 84th Congress later passed legislation (P.L. 84 - 851), also signed by President Eisenhower on July 30, 1956, declaring the phrase to be the national motto.", "title": "In God We Trust" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The symbol $, usually written before the numerical amount, is used for the U.S. dollar (as well as for many other currencies). The sign was the result of a late 18th-century evolution of the scribal abbreviation \"ps\" for the peso, the common name for the Spanish dollars that were in wide circulation in the New World from the 16th to the 19th centuries. These Spanish pesos or dollars were minted in Spanish America, namely in Mexico City, Potosí, Bolivia; and Lima, Peru. The p and the s eventually came to be written over each other giving rise to $.", "title": "United States dollar" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The state has two primary newspapers. The Oklahoman, based in Oklahoma City, is the largest newspaper in the state and 54th-largest in the nation by circulation, with a weekday readership of 138,493 and a Sunday readership of 202,690. The Tulsa World, the second most widely circulated newspaper in Oklahoma and 79th in the nation, holds a Sunday circulation of 132,969 and a weekday readership of 93,558. Oklahoma's first newspaper was established in 1844, called the Cherokee Advocate, and was written in both Cherokee and English. In 2006, there were more than 220 newspapers located in the state, including 177 with weekly publications and 48 with daily publications.", "title": "Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bermudian dollar (symbol: $; code: BMD; also abbreviated BD$; informally called the Bermuda dollar) is the official currency of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda. It is subdivided into 100 cents. The Bermudian dollar is not normally traded outside Bermuda, and is pegged to the United States dollar at a one-to-one ratio. Both currencies circulate in Bermuda on an equal basis.", "title": "Bermudian dollar" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States silver certificates were a type of representative money printed from 1878 to 1964 in the United States as part of its circulation of paper currency. They were produced in response to silver agitation by citizens who were angered by the Fourth Coinage Act, and were used alongside the gold - based dollar notes. The silver certificates were initially redeemable in the same face value of silver dollar coins, and later in raw silver bullion.", "title": "History of the United States dollar" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The top reserve currency is generally selected by the banking community for the strength and stability of the economy in which it is used. Thus, as a currency becomes less stable, or its economy becomes less dominant, bankers may over time abandon it for a currency issued by a larger or more stable economy. This can take a relatively long time, as recognition is important in determining a reserve currency. For example, it took many years after the United States overtook the United Kingdom as the world's largest economy before the dollar overtook the pound sterling as the dominant global reserve currency. In 1944, when the US dollar was chosen as the world reference currency at Bretton Woods, it was only the second currency in global reserves.", "title": "Reserve currency" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The South African rand (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the currency of South Africa. The rand is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: ``c ''). The ISO 4217 code is ZAR, from Dutch Zuid - Afrikaanse Rand (South African rand). The rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area between South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, and Namibia, although the latter three countries do have their own currencies.", "title": "South African rand" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The metical (MZM) replaced the escudo at par on 16 June 1980. It was divided into 100 centavos. The metical underwent severe inflation. After the revaluation of the Romanian leu, the metical briefly became the least valued currency unit, at a value of about 24,500 meticais per USD, until the Zimbabwean dollar took the title in late August 2005.", "title": "Mozambican metical" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indian 500 - rupee banknote (₹500) is a denomination of the Indian rupee. The current ₹500 banknote, in circulation since November 10, 2016, is a part of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series. The previous banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series, in circulation between October 1997 and November 2016, were demonetised on November 8, 2016. On 13 June, 2017, The RBI will soon introduce new Rs. 500 notes, but the old ones will continue being legal tender. The design is similar to the current notes in the Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series, except they will come with an inset 'A'.", "title": "Indian 500-rupee note" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Feel Lucky\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album \"Come On Come On\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album \"Chipmunks in Low Places\". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz.", "title": "I Feel Lucky" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The dollar was first based on the value and look of the Spanish dollar, used widely in Spanish America from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The first dollar coins issued by the United States Mint (founded 1792) were similar in size and composition to the Spanish dollar, minted in Mexico and Peru. The Spanish, U.S. silver dollars, and later, Mexican silver pesos circulated side by side in the United States, and the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso remained legal tender until the Coinage Act of 1857. The coinage of various English colonies also circulated. The lion dollar was popular in the Dutch New Netherland Colony (New York), but the lion dollar also circulated throughout the English colonies during the 17th century and early 18th century. Examples circulating in the colonies were usually worn so that the design was not fully distinguishable, thus they were sometimes referred to as \"dog dollars\".", "title": "United States dollar" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Xinavane is a town on the Incomati River, in the Manhiça District of Maputo Province, in Mozambique about 80 kilometres north of Maputo.", "title": "Xinavane" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indian rupee (sign: ₹; code: INR), is the official currency of the Republic of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 paise (singular paisa), though as of 2011, 25 paise is no longer considered legal tender. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank manages currency in India and derives its role in currency management on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The rupee is named after the silver coin, rupiya, first issued by Sultan Sher Shah Suri in the 16th century and later continued by the Mughal Empire.", "title": "Indian rupee" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Florins (usually dated 1947 or later) remained in circulation after Decimal Day. In 1987, following a study of the currency, the Thatcher government announced its intent to issue a new ten pence piece, reduced in size. A smaller ten pence piece was issued in 1992, after which the old florin was demonetised on 30 June 1993. The florin, the first decimal coin, was the last coin in general circulation just prior to decimalisation to be withdrawn.", "title": "Florin (British coin)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A currency transaction report (CTR) is a report that U.S. financial institutions are required to file with FinCEN for each deposit, withdrawal, exchange of currency, or other payment or transfer, by, through, or to the financial institution which involves a transaction in currency of more than $10,000. Used in this context, currency means the coin and / or paper money of any country that is designated as legal tender by the country of issuance. Currency also includes U.S. silver certificates, U.S. notes, Federal Reserve notes, and official foreign bank notes.", "title": "Currency transaction report" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 4217 is a standard first published by International Organization for Standardization in 1978, which delineates currency designators, country codes (alpha and numeric), and references to minor units in three tables:", "title": "ISO 4217" } ]	On what date did the currencies of the country where the town of Xinavane can be found, first come into circulation?	16 June 1980	[]	Title: United States dollar Passage: The dollar was first based on the value and look of the Spanish dollar, used widely in Spanish America from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The first dollar coins issued by the United States Mint (founded 1792) were similar in size and composition to the Spanish dollar, minted in Mexico and Peru. The Spanish, U.S. silver dollars, and later, Mexican silver pesos circulated side by side in the United States, and the Spanish dollar and Mexican peso remained legal tender until the Coinage Act of 1857. The coinage of various English colonies also circulated. The lion dollar was popular in the Dutch New Netherland Colony (New York), but the lion dollar also circulated throughout the English colonies during the 17th century and early 18th century. Examples circulating in the colonies were usually worn so that the design was not fully distinguishable, thus they were sometimes referred to as "dog dollars". Title: Large denominations of United States currency Passage: Large denominations of United States currency greater than $100 were circulated by the United States Treasury until 1969. Since then, U.S. dollar banknotes have only been issued in seven denominations: $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100. Title: Bermudian dollar Passage: The Bermudian dollar (symbol: $; code: BMD; also abbreviated BD$; informally called the Bermuda dollar) is the official currency of the British Overseas Territory of Bermuda. It is subdivided into 100 cents. The Bermudian dollar is not normally traded outside Bermuda, and is pegged to the United States dollar at a one-to-one ratio. Both currencies circulate in Bermuda on an equal basis. Title: 1997 Asian financial crisis Passage: The crisis started in Thailand (known in Thailand as the Tom Yum Goong crisis; Thai: วิกฤตต้มยำกุ้ง) with the financial collapse of the Thai baht after the Thai government was forced to float the baht due to lack of foreign currency to support its currency peg to the U.S. dollar. Capital flight ensued, beginning an international chain reaction. At the time, Thailand had acquired a burden of foreign debt that made the country effectively bankrupt even before the collapse of its currency. As the crisis spread, most of Southeast Asia and Japan saw slumping currencies, devalued stock markets and other asset prices, and a precipitous rise in private debt.Indonesia, South Korea, and Thailand were the countries most affected by the crisis. Hong Kong, Laos, Malaysia and the Philippines were also hurt by the slump. Brunei, China, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam were less affected, although all suffered from a loss of demand and confidence throughout the region. Japan was also affected, though less significantly. Title: I Feel Lucky Passage: "I Feel Lucky" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album "Come On Come On". The song reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album "Chipmunks in Low Places". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz. Title: Reserve currency Passage: The top reserve currency is generally selected by the banking community for the strength and stability of the economy in which it is used. Thus, as a currency becomes less stable, or its economy becomes less dominant, bankers may over time abandon it for a currency issued by a larger or more stable economy. This can take a relatively long time, as recognition is important in determining a reserve currency. For example, it took many years after the United States overtook the United Kingdom as the world's largest economy before the dollar overtook the pound sterling as the dominant global reserve currency. In 1944, when the US dollar was chosen as the world reference currency at Bretton Woods, it was only the second currency in global reserves. Title: Mozambican metical Passage: The metical (MZM) replaced the escudo at par on 16 June 1980. It was divided into 100 centavos. The metical underwent severe inflation. After the revaluation of the Romanian leu, the metical briefly became the least valued currency unit, at a value of about 24,500 meticais per USD, until the Zimbabwean dollar took the title in late August 2005. Title: Xinavane Passage: Xinavane is a town on the Incomati River, in the Manhiça District of Maputo Province, in Mozambique about 80 kilometres north of Maputo. Title: Florin (British coin) Passage: Florins (usually dated 1947 or later) remained in circulation after Decimal Day. In 1987, following a study of the currency, the Thatcher government announced its intent to issue a new ten pence piece, reduced in size. A smaller ten pence piece was issued in 1992, after which the old florin was demonetised on 30 June 1993. The florin, the first decimal coin, was the last coin in general circulation just prior to decimalisation to be withdrawn. Title: Indian 500-rupee note Passage: The Indian 500 - rupee banknote (₹500) is a denomination of the Indian rupee. The current ₹500 banknote, in circulation since November 10, 2016, is a part of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series. The previous banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series, in circulation between October 1997 and November 2016, were demonetised on November 8, 2016. On 13 June, 2017, The RBI will soon introduce new Rs. 500 notes, but the old ones will continue being legal tender. The design is similar to the current notes in the Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series, except they will come with an inset 'A'. Title: In God We Trust Passage: ``In God We Trust ''first appeared on the two - cent piece in 1864 and has appeared on paper currency since 1957. A law passed in a Joint Resolution by the 84th Congress (P.L. 84 - 140) and approved by President Dwight Eisenhower on July 30, 1956, declared`` In God We Trust'' must appear on American currency. This phrase was first used on paper money in 1957, when it appeared on the one - dollar silver certificate. The first paper currency bearing the phrase entered circulation on October 1, 1957. The 84th Congress later passed legislation (P.L. 84 - 851), also signed by President Eisenhower on July 30, 1956, declaring the phrase to be the national motto. Title: Currency transaction report Passage: A currency transaction report (CTR) is a report that U.S. financial institutions are required to file with FinCEN for each deposit, withdrawal, exchange of currency, or other payment or transfer, by, through, or to the financial institution which involves a transaction in currency of more than $10,000. Used in this context, currency means the coin and / or paper money of any country that is designated as legal tender by the country of issuance. Currency also includes U.S. silver certificates, U.S. notes, Federal Reserve notes, and official foreign bank notes. Title: ISO 4217 Passage: ISO 4217 is a standard first published by International Organization for Standardization in 1978, which delineates currency designators, country codes (alpha and numeric), and references to minor units in three tables: Title: South African rand Passage: The South African rand (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the currency of South Africa. The rand is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: ``c ''). The ISO 4217 code is ZAR, from Dutch Zuid - Afrikaanse Rand (South African rand). The rand is legal tender in the Common Monetary Area between South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, and Namibia, although the latter three countries do have their own currencies. Title: Indian rupee Passage: The Indian rupee (sign: ₹; code: INR), is the official currency of the Republic of India. The rupee is subdivided into 100 paise (singular paisa), though as of 2011, 25 paise is no longer considered legal tender. The issuance of the currency is controlled by the Reserve Bank of India. The Reserve Bank manages currency in India and derives its role in currency management on the basis of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The rupee is named after the silver coin, rupiya, first issued by Sultan Sher Shah Suri in the 16th century and later continued by the Mughal Empire. Title: History of the United States dollar Passage: United States silver certificates were a type of representative money printed from 1878 to 1964 in the United States as part of its circulation of paper currency. They were produced in response to silver agitation by citizens who were angered by the Fourth Coinage Act, and were used alongside the gold - based dollar notes. The silver certificates were initially redeemable in the same face value of silver dollar coins, and later in raw silver bullion. Title: Large denominations of United States currency Passage: The Federal Reserve began taking high - denomination currency out of circulation (destroying large bills received by banks) in 1969. As of May 30, 2009, only 336 $10,000 bills were known to exist; 342 remaining $5,000 bills; and 165,372 remaining $1,000 bills. Due to their rarity, collectors often pay considerably more than the face value of the bills to acquire them. Some are in museums in other parts of the world.	[ "Mozambican metical", "Xinavane" ]
2hop__142587_552124	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wonder\" is a song written by Chris Lindsey, Aimee Mayo, Karyn Rochelle, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Kellie Pickler. It was released as the second single from her debut album \"Small Town Girl\" (2006), on February 5, 2007.", "title": "I Wonder (Kellie Pickler song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ena Hadi (Greek: Ένα χάδι; ) is the title of the third studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in 2001 by Nitro Music.", "title": "Ena Hadi" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Feel Lucky\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album \"Come On Come On\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album \"Chipmunks in Low Places\". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz.", "title": "I Feel Lucky" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Oh Woman, Oh Why\" is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney, first released on the Apple Records label in February 1971 as the B-side to McCartney's debut single as a solo artist, \"Another Day\".", "title": "Oh Woman, Oh Why" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"In My Next Life\" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released in October 2007 as the second single from her unreleased album \"My Next Life\". The song was written by Clark, Tom Shapiro and Jim Collins.", "title": "In My Next Life" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog.", "title": "VHF Records" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"'Are You Ever Gonna Love Me\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Holly Dunn. It was released in May 1989 as the first single from the album \"The Blue Rose of Texas\". Written by Dunn, along with Tom Shapiro and her brother Chris Waters, the song was her first single released by Warner Bros. Records, to which she signed after her previous label, MTM Records, was disestablished.", "title": "Are You Ever Gonna Love Me" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Grace\" is a song by French recording artist Miss Kittin. It is the second and final single from her fourth studio album \"BatBox\" (2008). Co-written and produced by Pascal Gabriel, it is composed as an electropop love song.", "title": "Grace (Miss Kittin song)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Livin' Our Love Song\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Jason Michael Carroll. It was released in April 2007 as the second single from his album \"Waitin' in the Country\". Carroll co-wrote the song with Glen Mitchell and Tim Galloway.", "title": "Livin' Our Love Song" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Night Wave is the second studio album by Los Angeles based Electrohop group Hyper Crush. The album was released on the iTunes Store on February 7, 2012. The album was released on Hyper Crush's label Night Wave Records after leaving their previous label Universal Motown because they \"really didn’t see eye to eye with them for a long time.\" The album consists of 11 songs, 4 of which were previously released as singles. Save for three of the songs which were co-written and co-produced, the entire album was written and produced by Hyper Crush.", "title": "Night Wave" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: \"An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali\" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head).", "title": "Peggy Zina (album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Weston Burt (born in Fort Payne, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Burt is the flagship artist for HitShop Records, a record label distributed by Warner Music Nashville.", "title": "Weston Burt" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Tempted\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Marty Stuart. It was released in August 1991 as the third single and title track from the album \"Tempted\". The reached #5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Stuart and Paul Kennerley.", "title": "Tempted (Marty Stuart song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Hey! Baby ''is a song written by Margaret Cobb and Bruce Channel, and recorded by Channel in 1961, first released on LeCam Records, a local Fort Worth, Texas label. After it hit, it was released on Smash Records for national distribution. He co-produced the song with Major Bill Smith (owner of LeCam) and released it on Mercury Records' Smash label. The song reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks, starting the week ending March 10, 1962.", "title": "Hey! Baby" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"That's Just Jessie\" is a debut song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kevin Denney. It was released in December 2001 as the first single from his debut album \"Kevin Denney\". The song was written by Denney, Kerry Kurt Phillips and Patrick Jason Matthews.", "title": "That's Just Jessie" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Walkin' After Midnight\" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of \"Walkin' After Midnight\", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it.", "title": "Walkin' After Midnight" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You Should Be Here ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on December 14, 2015 as the lead single to his second studio album of the same name (2016). The song, written by Swindell and Ashley Gorley, is a tribute to Swindell's father who died unexpectedly while Swindell was out on tour after signing his record deal.", "title": "You Should Be Here (Cole Swindell song)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Runnin' with the Wind\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in April 1990 as the second single from the album \"Jersey Boy\". The song reached number 8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Rabbitt and Reed Nielsen.", "title": "Runnin' with the Wind" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Spilled Perfume\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in March 1994 as the lead single from her album \"Sweetheart's Dance\". The song was written by Tillis and Dean Dillon.", "title": "Spilled Perfume" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nick Records (also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music) is the record label for the children's television channel Nickelodeon. The label featured new and emerging young musical artists, \"triple threat\" singers who would also act and dance on the network's series, and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows.", "title": "Nick Records" } ]	What record label does the artist who co-write and record Ena Hadi belong to?	BMG	[]	Title: In My Next Life Passage: "In My Next Life" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released in October 2007 as the second single from her unreleased album "My Next Life". The song was written by Clark, Tom Shapiro and Jim Collins. Title: Spilled Perfume Passage: "Spilled Perfume" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Pam Tillis. It was released in March 1994 as the lead single from her album "Sweetheart's Dance". The song was written by Tillis and Dean Dillon. Title: Ena Hadi Passage: Ena Hadi (Greek: Ένα χάδι; ) is the title of the third studio album by the popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in 2001 by Nitro Music. Title: Peggy Zina (album) Passage: Peggy Zina (Greek: Πέγκυ Ζήνα) is the first album by popular Greek artist Peggy Zina, released in October 1995 by BMG Greece. The album includes her first hit which created controversy with the title: "An Pas Me Alli Tha Sou Spaso To Kefali" (If You Go with Another Woman I Will Break Your Head). Title: Oh Woman, Oh Why Passage: "Oh Woman, Oh Why" is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney, first released on the Apple Records label in February 1971 as the B-side to McCartney's debut single as a solo artist, "Another Day". Title: Night Wave Passage: Night Wave is the second studio album by Los Angeles based Electrohop group Hyper Crush. The album was released on the iTunes Store on February 7, 2012. The album was released on Hyper Crush's label Night Wave Records after leaving their previous label Universal Motown because they "really didn’t see eye to eye with them for a long time." The album consists of 11 songs, 4 of which were previously released as singles. Save for three of the songs which were co-written and co-produced, the entire album was written and produced by Hyper Crush. Title: I Wonder (Kellie Pickler song) Passage: "I Wonder" is a song written by Chris Lindsey, Aimee Mayo, Karyn Rochelle, and co-written and recorded by American country artist Kellie Pickler. It was released as the second single from her debut album "Small Town Girl" (2006), on February 5, 2007. Title: Nick Records Passage: Nick Records (also known as Nickelodeon Records or Nick Music) is the record label for the children's television channel Nickelodeon. The label featured new and emerging young musical artists, "triple threat" singers who would also act and dance on the network's series, and soundtrack and compilations based on Nickelodeon TV shows. Title: Weston Burt Passage: Weston Burt (born in Fort Payne, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Burt is the flagship artist for HitShop Records, a record label distributed by Warner Music Nashville. Title: I Feel Lucky Passage: "I Feel Lucky" is a song co-written and recorded by American country artist Mary Chapin Carpenter. It was released in May 1992 as the first single from the album "Come On Come On". The song reached number 4 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The Chipettes recorded a cover of this song for the 1992 album "Chipmunks in Low Places". It was written by Carpenter and Don Schlitz. Title: Walkin' After Midnight Passage: "Walkin' After Midnight" is a song written by Alan Block and Donn Hecht and recorded by American country music artist Patsy Cline. The song was originally given to pop singer Kay Starr; however, her label rejected it. The song was left unused until Hecht rediscovered it when writing for Four Star Records. Originally Cline was not fond of "Walkin' After Midnight", but after making a compromise with her label she recorded it. Title: Tempted (Marty Stuart song) Passage: "Tempted" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Marty Stuart. It was released in August 1991 as the third single and title track from the album "Tempted". The reached #5 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Stuart and Paul Kennerley. Title: VHF Records Passage: VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog. Title: That's Just Jessie Passage: "That's Just Jessie" is a debut song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Kevin Denney. It was released in December 2001 as the first single from his debut album "Kevin Denney". The song was written by Denney, Kerry Kurt Phillips and Patrick Jason Matthews. Title: Grace (Miss Kittin song) Passage: "Grace" is a song by French recording artist Miss Kittin. It is the second and final single from her fourth studio album "BatBox" (2008). Co-written and produced by Pascal Gabriel, it is composed as an electropop love song. Title: You Should Be Here (Cole Swindell song) Passage: ``You Should Be Here ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Cole Swindell. The song was released to radio on December 14, 2015 as the lead single to his second studio album of the same name (2016). The song, written by Swindell and Ashley Gorley, is a tribute to Swindell's father who died unexpectedly while Swindell was out on tour after signing his record deal. Title: Runnin' with the Wind Passage: "Runnin' with the Wind" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in April 1990 as the second single from the album "Jersey Boy". The song reached number 8 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was written by Rabbitt and Reed Nielsen.	[ "Ena Hadi", "Peggy Zina (album)" ]
3hop1__103721_52584_61968	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 228 BC Buthrotum became a Roman protectorate alongside Corfu. In the next century, it became a part of a province of Macedonia. In 44 BC, Caesar designated Buthrotum as a colony to reward soldiers who had fought for him against Pompey. Local landholder Titus Pomponius Atticus objected to his correspondent Cicero who lobbied against the plan in the Senate. As a result, only small numbers of colonists were settled.", "title": "Buthrotum" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Belal Fadl () (born 1974) is a screenplay writer, ex-journalist and a column writer at Almasry Alyoum born and raised in Cairo, Egypt. Fadl has roots from Alexandria.", "title": "Belal Fadl" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kepoi or Cepoi (Ancient Greek: Κῆποι, Russian: Кепы) was an ancient Greek colony situated on the Taman peninsula, three kilometres to the east of Phanagoria, in the present-day Krasnodar Krai of Russia. The colony was established by the Milesians in the 6th century BC. In the Hellenistic period, it was controlled by the kings of the Cimmerian Bosporus, who (according to Aeschines) made a present of a place called \"the Gardens\" to Gylon, the grandfather of Demosthenes. The town reached its peak in the 1st centuries AD, but the Huns and Goths put an end to its prosperity in the 4th century. Soviet excavations, started in 1957, yielded rich finds, including a marble statue of a Greek goddess (\"Aphrodite of Taman\"). More than 400 burials were explored at Kepoi in the 1960s and 1970s; the rest of the site has been submerged by the Sea of Azov.", "title": "Kepoi" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 332 BC, Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, whose first ruler was one of Alexander's former generals, Ptolemy I Soter. The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome. The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire.", "title": "History of Egypt" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Classical Greece was a period of around 200 years (5th and 4th centuries BC) in Greek culture. This Classical period saw the annexation of much of modern - day Greece by the Persian Empire and its subsequent independence. Classical Greece had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire and on the foundations of western civilization. Much of modern Western politics, artistic thought (architecture, sculpture), scientific thought, theatre, literature, and philosophy derives from this period of Greek history. In the context of the art, architecture, and culture of Ancient Greece, the Classical period corresponds to most of the 5th and 4th centuries BC (the most common dates being the fall of the last Athenian tyrant in 510 BC and the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC). The Classical period in this sense follows the Archaic period and is in turn succeeded by the Hellenistic period.", "title": "Classical Greece" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The earliest known references to the islands as a group appeared in the writings of sea-farers from the ancient Greek colony of Massalia. The original records have been lost; however, later writings, e.g. Avienus's Ora maritima, that quoted from the Massaliote Periplus (6th century BC) and from Pytheas's On the Ocean (circa 325–320 BC) have survived. In the 1st century BC, Diodorus Siculus has Prettanikē nēsos, \"the British Island\", and Prettanoi, \"the Britons\". Strabo used Βρεττανική (Brettanike), and Marcian of Heraclea, in his Periplus maris exteri, used αἱ Πρεττανικαί νῆσοι (the Prettanic Isles) to refer to the islands. Historians today, though not in absolute agreement, largely agree that these Greek and Latin names were probably drawn from native Celtic-language names for the archipelago. Along these lines, the inhabitants of the islands were called the Πρεττανοί (Priteni or Pretani). The shift from the \"P\" of Pretannia to the \"B\" of Britannia by the Romans occurred during the time of Julius Caesar.", "title": "British Isles" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marshal Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, he became Prime Minister of Italy.", "title": "Pietro Badoglio" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marcus Antonius Creticus (flourished 1st century BC) was a Roman politician, member of the Antonius family. Creticus was the son of Marcus Antonius and, by his marriage to Julia Antonia, he had three sons: Marcus Antonius (the Triumvir), Gaius Antonius and Lucius Antonius.", "title": "Marcus Antonius Creticus" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cleopatra's Daughter () is a 1960 historical drama film set in Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh Khufu (r. 2589-2566 BC). The film stars Debra Paget and was directed by Fernando Cerchio. For some reason, the English version was translated very differently from the original Italian script, setting the film in the 1st century BC, rather than the early Bronze Age.", "title": "Cleopatra's Daughter" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.", "title": "French colonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus (flourished 1st century BC) was the brother of triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and son to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the consul of 78 BC. His mother may have been a daughter of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus.", "title": "Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of New York begins around 10,000 BC, when the first native peoples arrived. By 1100 AD, New York's main native cultures, the Iroquoian and Algonquian, had developed. European discovery of New York was led by the French in 1524 and the first land claim came in 1609 by the Dutch. As part of New Netherland, the colony was important in the fur trade and eventually became an agricultural resource thanks to the patroon system. In 1626 the Dutch bought the island of Manhattan from Native Americans. In 1664, England renamed the colony New York, after the Duke of York (later James II & VII.) New York City gained prominence in the 18th century as a major trading port in the Thirteen Colonies.", "title": "History of New York (state)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first five books -- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, book of Numbers and Deuteronomy -- reached their present form in the Persian period (538 -- 332 BC), and their authors were the elite of exilic returnees who controlled the Temple at that time. The books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings follow, forming a history of Israel from the Conquest of Canaan to the Siege of Jerusalem c. 587 BC. There is a broad consensus among scholars that these originated as a single work (the so - called ``Deuteronomistic history '') during the Babylonian exile of the 6th century BC. The two Books of Chronicles cover much the same material as the Pentateuch and Deuteronomistic history and probably date from the 4th century BC. Chronicles, and Ezra -- Nehemiah, were probably finished during the 3rd century BC. Catholic and Orthodox Old Testaments contain two (Catholic Old Testament) to four (Orthodox) Books of Maccabees, written in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC.", "title": "Old Testament" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Republic (Latin: Res publica Romana; Classical Latin: [ˈreːs ˈpuːb.lɪ.ka roːˈmaː.na]) was the period of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. During the first two centuries of its existence, the Roman Republic expanded through a combination of conquest and alliance, from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula. By the following century, it included North Africa, Spain, and what is now southern France. Two centuries after that, towards the end of the 1st century BC, it included the rest of modern France, Greece, and much of the eastern Mediterranean. By this time, internal tensions led to a series of civil wars, culminating with the assassination of Julius Caesar, which led to the transition from republic to empire. The exact date of transition can be a matter of interpretation. Historians have variously proposed Julius Caesar's crossing of the Rubicon River in 49 BC, Caesar's appointment as dictator for life in 44 BC, and the defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. However, most use the same date as did the ancient Romans themselves, the Roman Senate's grant of extraordinary powers to Octavian and his adopting the title Augustus in 27 BC, as the defining event ending the Republic.", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Around the 1st century BC the Shadanga or Six Limbs of Indian Painting, were evolved, a series of canons laying down the main principles of the art. Vatsyayana, who lived during the third century A.D., enumerates these in his Kamasutra having extracted them from still more ancient works.", "title": "Indian painting" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of the war, however, was to cause profound change in Bermuda, though some of those changes would take decades to crystallise. Following the war, with the buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda, the primary leg of the Bermudian economy became defence infrastructure. Even after tourism began later in the 19th century, Bermuda remained, in the eyes of London, a base more than a colony. The Crown strengthened its political and economic ties to Bermuda, and the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished.", "title": "Bermuda" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began during the 2nd millennium BC. Archaeological sites in India, such as Malhar, Dadupur, Raja Nala Ka Tila and Lahuradewa in present - day Uttar Pradesh show iron implements in the period 1800 -- 1200 BC. Archaeological excavations in Hyderabad show an Iron Age burial site. Rakesh Tewari believes that around the beginning of the Indian Iron Age (13th century BC), iron smelting was widely practiced in India. Such use suggests that the date of the technology's inception may be around the 16th century BC.", "title": "Iron Age" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again.", "title": "Fall of the Western Roman Empire" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs.", "title": "French colonization of the Americas" } ]	When was the beginning of the fall of the empire that acquired the country Belal Fadl was from as a colony in the 1st Century B.C.?	in 376	[ "376" ]	Title: Marcus Antonius Creticus Passage: Marcus Antonius Creticus (flourished 1st century BC) was a Roman politician, member of the Antonius family. Creticus was the son of Marcus Antonius and, by his marriage to Julia Antonia, he had three sons: Marcus Antonius (the Triumvir), Gaius Antonius and Lucius Antonius. Title: French colonization of the Americas Passage: The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice sugar, and furs. Title: History of Egypt Passage: In 332 BC, Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, whose first ruler was one of Alexander's former generals, Ptolemy I Soter. The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome. The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire. Title: Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus Passage: Lucius Aemilius Lepidus Paullus (flourished 1st century BC) was the brother of triumvir Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and son to Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the consul of 78 BC. His mother may have been a daughter of Lucius Appuleius Saturninus. Title: Fall of the Western Roman Empire Passage: Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again. Title: Roman Republic Passage: The Roman Republic (Latin: Res publica Romana; Classical Latin: [ˈreːs ˈpuːb.lɪ.ka roːˈmaː.na]) was the period of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. During the first two centuries of its existence, the Roman Republic expanded through a combination of conquest and alliance, from central Italy to the entire Italian peninsula. By the following century, it included North Africa, Spain, and what is now southern France. Two centuries after that, towards the end of the 1st century BC, it included the rest of modern France, Greece, and much of the eastern Mediterranean. By this time, internal tensions led to a series of civil wars, culminating with the assassination of Julius Caesar, which led to the transition from republic to empire. The exact date of transition can be a matter of interpretation. Historians have variously proposed Julius Caesar's crossing of the Rubicon River in 49 BC, Caesar's appointment as dictator for life in 44 BC, and the defeat of Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. However, most use the same date as did the ancient Romans themselves, the Roman Senate's grant of extraordinary powers to Octavian and his adopting the title Augustus in 27 BC, as the defining event ending the Republic. Title: Bermuda Passage: The end of the war, however, was to cause profound change in Bermuda, though some of those changes would take decades to crystallise. Following the war, with the buildup of Naval and military forces in Bermuda, the primary leg of the Bermudian economy became defence infrastructure. Even after tourism began later in the 19th century, Bermuda remained, in the eyes of London, a base more than a colony. The Crown strengthened its political and economic ties to Bermuda, and the colony's independence on the world stage was diminished. Title: Old Testament Passage: The first five books -- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, book of Numbers and Deuteronomy -- reached their present form in the Persian period (538 -- 332 BC), and their authors were the elite of exilic returnees who controlled the Temple at that time. The books of Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings follow, forming a history of Israel from the Conquest of Canaan to the Siege of Jerusalem c. 587 BC. There is a broad consensus among scholars that these originated as a single work (the so - called ``Deuteronomistic history '') during the Babylonian exile of the 6th century BC. The two Books of Chronicles cover much the same material as the Pentateuch and Deuteronomistic history and probably date from the 4th century BC. Chronicles, and Ezra -- Nehemiah, were probably finished during the 3rd century BC. Catholic and Orthodox Old Testaments contain two (Catholic Old Testament) to four (Orthodox) Books of Maccabees, written in the 2nd and 1st centuries BC. Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia is a unitary, multi-party, democratic nation-state with an ancient cultural heritage. Urartu was established in 860 BC and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. In the 1st century BC the Kingdom of Armenia reached its height under Tigranes the Great. Armenia became the first state in the world to adopt Christianity as its official religion. In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation. The official date of state adoption of Christianity is 301 AD. The ancient Armenian kingdom was split between the Byzantine and Sasanian Empires around the early 5th century. Title: Cleopatra's Daughter Passage: Cleopatra's Daughter () is a 1960 historical drama film set in Egypt during the reign of the pharaoh Khufu (r. 2589-2566 BC). The film stars Debra Paget and was directed by Fernando Cerchio. For some reason, the English version was translated very differently from the original Italian script, setting the film in the 1st century BC, rather than the early Bronze Age. Title: Buthrotum Passage: In 228 BC Buthrotum became a Roman protectorate alongside Corfu. In the next century, it became a part of a province of Macedonia. In 44 BC, Caesar designated Buthrotum as a colony to reward soldiers who had fought for him against Pompey. Local landholder Titus Pomponius Atticus objected to his correspondent Cicero who lobbied against the plan in the Senate. As a result, only small numbers of colonists were settled. Title: Belal Fadl Passage: Belal Fadl () (born 1974) is a screenplay writer, ex-journalist and a column writer at Almasry Alyoum born and raised in Cairo, Egypt. Fadl has roots from Alexandria. Title: Indian painting Passage: Around the 1st century BC the Shadanga or Six Limbs of Indian Painting, were evolved, a series of canons laying down the main principles of the art. Vatsyayana, who lived during the third century A.D., enumerates these in his Kamasutra having extracted them from still more ancient works. Title: French colonization of the Americas Passage: The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France founded colonies in much of eastern North America, on a number of Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs. Title: History of New York (state) Passage: The history of New York begins around 10,000 BC, when the first native peoples arrived. By 1100 AD, New York's main native cultures, the Iroquoian and Algonquian, had developed. European discovery of New York was led by the French in 1524 and the first land claim came in 1609 by the Dutch. As part of New Netherland, the colony was important in the fur trade and eventually became an agricultural resource thanks to the patroon system. In 1626 the Dutch bought the island of Manhattan from Native Americans. In 1664, England renamed the colony New York, after the Duke of York (later James II & VII.) New York City gained prominence in the 18th century as a major trading port in the Thirteen Colonies. Title: Iron Age Passage: The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began during the 2nd millennium BC. Archaeological sites in India, such as Malhar, Dadupur, Raja Nala Ka Tila and Lahuradewa in present - day Uttar Pradesh show iron implements in the period 1800 -- 1200 BC. Archaeological excavations in Hyderabad show an Iron Age burial site. Rakesh Tewari believes that around the beginning of the Indian Iron Age (13th century BC), iron smelting was widely practiced in India. Such use suggests that the date of the technology's inception may be around the 16th century BC. Title: Pietro Badoglio Passage: Marshal Pietro Badoglio, 1st Duke of Addis Abeba, 1st Marquess of Sabotino (; 28 September 1871 – 1 November 1956), was an Italian general during both World Wars and the first viceroy of Italian East Africa. With the fall of the Fascist regime in Italy, he became Prime Minister of Italy.	[ "Belal Fadl", "History of Egypt", "Fall of the Western Roman Empire" ]
2hop__827207_89145	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite the lack of a coastline, Punjab is the most industrialised province of Pakistan; its manufacturing industries produce textiles, sports goods, heavy machinery, electrical appliances, surgical instruments, vehicles, auto parts, metals, sugar mill plants, aircraft, cement, agricultural machinery, bicycles and rickshaws, floor coverings, and processed foods. In 2003, the province manufactured 90% of the paper and paper boards, 71% of the fertilizers, 69% of the sugar and 40% of the cement of Pakistan.", "title": "Punjab, Pakistan" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.", "title": "Shamishi" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prince of Wales is a cocktail created by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, who later becomes King Edward VII. There are several variations of the cocktail, but what they usually have in common is champagne, angostura bitters, sugar (or simple syrup), either rye whiskey or cognac, and a liqueur.", "title": "Prince of Wales (cocktail)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria.", "title": "Shark Energy" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals.", "title": "Maple liqueur" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production.", "title": "Maple syrup" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube", "title": "Changes (David Bowie song)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "title": "Corning Museum of Glass" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power.", "title": "Corn Belt" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land.", "title": "Corn production in the United States" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Teem is a lemon-lime-flavored soft drink produced by The Pepsi-Cola Company. It was introduced in 1960 as Pepsi's answer to 7 Up and Coca-Cola's Sprite.", "title": "Teem" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town.", "title": "Heaven Hill" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005)", "title": "Sippin' on Some Syrup" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cocoa Puffs is a brand of chocolate-flavored puffed grain breakfast cereal, manufactured by General Mills. Introduced in 1958, the cereal consists of small orbs of corn, oats, and rice flavored with cocoa. Essentially, Cocoa Puffs are Kix cereal with chocolate flavoring; similarly, Trix has been, for most of its existence, fruit-flavored Kix.", "title": "Cocoa Puffs" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets.", "title": "Aachener Printen" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills.", "title": "Valtra" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called \"Kola Shaler Industrial\", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks.", "title": "Kola Shaler" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, \"Pandanus amaryllifolius\" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt.", "title": "Es teler" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup.", "title": "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish \"imelletty perunalaatikko\") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish \"tumma siirappi\") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter.", "title": "Imelletty perunalaatikko" } ]	When did the manufacturer of Teem change from sugar to corn syrup?	the 1980s	[]	Title: Maple liqueur Passage: Maple liqueur refers to various alcoholic products made from maple syrup, primarily in the Northeast United States and Canada. It is most commonly made by mixing Canadian rye whiskey and Canadian maple syrup. Maple liqueur is considered an important cultural beverage in certain Canadian festivals. Title: Teem Passage: Teem is a lemon-lime-flavored soft drink produced by The Pepsi-Cola Company. It was introduced in 1960 as Pepsi's answer to 7 Up and Coca-Cola's Sprite. Title: Corning Museum of Glass Passage: The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old. Title: Maple syrup Passage: Until the 1930s, the United States produced most of the world's maple syrup. Today, after rapid growth in the 1990s, Canada produces more than 80 percent of the world's maple syrup, producing about 73,000,000 litres (19,000,000 US gal) in 2016. The vast majority of this comes from the province of Quebec, which is the world's largest producer, with about 70 percent of global production. Title: Es teler Passage: Es Teler is a fruit cocktail from Indonesia. Avocado, coconut meat, cincau, jackfruit and other fruits are served with coconut milk, sweetened condensed milk, "Pandanus amaryllifolius" leaf (normally in the form of cocopandan syrup), sugar, and a tiny amount of salt. Title: Aachener Printen Passage: Aachener Printen are a type of Lebkuchen originating from the city of Aachen in Germany. Somewhat similar to gingerbread, Printen were originally sweetened with honey, but for two centuries the tradition is to use a syrup made from sugar beets. Title: Changes (David Bowie song) Passage: ``Changes ''Single by David Bowie from the album Hunky Dory B - side`` Andy Warhol'' Released 7 January 1972 Format 7 ''single Recorded Trident Studios, London, summer 1971 Genre Art pop, glam rock Length 3: 33 Label RCA Records 2160 Songwriter (s) David Bowie Producer (s) Ken Scott, David Bowie David Bowie singles chronology ``Moonage Daydream'' (1971)`` Changes ''(1972) ``Starman'' (1972)`` Moonage Daydream ''(Arnold Corns) (1971) ``Changes'' (1972)`` Starman ''(1972) Hunky Dory track listing ``Changes'' (1)`` Oh! You Pretty Things ''(2) Alternative cover Music video ``Changes'' (Live) on YouTube Title: Corn production in the United States Passage: Iowa, the largest producer of corn in the US, grows three times as much corn as Mexico. Iowa harvested 3,548 acres (1,436 ha) of sweet corn in 2007. In 2011, the state had 92,300 corn farms on 30,700,000 acres (12,400,000 ha), the average size being 333 acres (135 ha), and the average dollar value per acre being US $6,708. In the same year, there were 13.7 million harvested acres of corn for grain, producing 2.36 billion bushels, which yielded 172.0 bu / acre, with US $14.5 billion of corn value of production. Almost 1.88 billion bushels of corn were grown in the state in 2012 on 13.7 million acres of land, while the 2013 projections are 2.45 billion bushels of corn on 13.97 million acres of land. Title: Valtra Passage: Valtra is a manufacturer of tractors and agricultural machinery and forms part of the AGCO Corporation. Valtra tractors are manufactured in Suolahti, Finland, and Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil. Valtra’s products in the Brazilian market also include combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills. Title: Imelletty perunalaatikko Passage: Sweetened potato casserole (Finnish "imelletty perunalaatikko") is a traditional Finnish dish from Päijät-Häme, eaten elsewhere in Finland at Christmastime. It is prepared by letting puréed potatoes, mixed with wheat flour, stand at a temperature of around 50°C (122°F). The amylase in the flour will start to break down the potato’s starches to shorter carbohydrate chains, that is sugars. The temperature cannot exceed 75°C (167°F); otherwise, the amylase molecules will break down. Through this process, the dish gets its distinct sweet flavour; nowadays, however, dark syrup (Finnish "tumma siirappi") can be added to give it sweetness. Dark syrup is made from sugarcane and it's the most common type of syrup in Finland. It has a similar taste to molasses, but is sweeter. Title: Corn Belt Passage: The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power. Title: Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar Passage: The Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar, formerly called Throwback, is a brand of soft drink sold by PepsiCo in the United States and in sweet stores in South Australia for its flagship Pepsi and Mountain Dew brands. The drinks, called Pepsi Throwback and Mountain Dew Throwback, are named as such because they are flavored with cane sugar and beet sugar instead of high fructose corn syrup, which soft drink companies used to replace sugar (in their North American products) in the 1980s. In addition, these drinks use retro packaging. As of June 2014, Pepsi Throwback has been replaced in one area of the United States by ``Pepsi - Cola Made with Real Sugar '', a new product formulation, also made without high fructose corn syrup. Title: Kola Shaler Passage: Kola Shaler is a cola soft drink manufactured in Nicaragua by a company called "Kola Shaler Industrial", founded by David Robleto Aleman. Kola Shaler ingredients are imported from England. It is lower in sugar and carbonation compared to others soft drinks. Title: Shark Energy Passage: Shark Energy Drink is available in a number of variations, including carbonated, uncarbonated versions, sugared and sugar-free. The drink is manufactured in Thailand by the Osotspa Co. Ltd in Bangkok, and also in Europe by Shark AG in Innsbruck, Austria. Title: Heaven Hill Passage: Deep Eddy Vodka Distillery is a distillery in Dripping Springs, Texas that manufactures vodka products made of south Texas corn using continuous distillation in a column still. Dripping Springs is not a part of Austin, Texas, but is, in fact, a separate town. Title: Sippin' on Some Syrup Passage: ``Sippin 'on Some Syrup ''Single by Three 6 Mafia featuring UGK and Project Pat from the album When the Smoke Clears: Sixty 6, Sixty 1 Released February 6, 2000 Format CD single, 12'' Recorded 1999 Genre Hip hop Length 4: 24 Label Loud Songwriter (s) Paul Beauregard, Chad L. Butler, Bernard Freeman, Jordan Houston Producer (s) DJ Paul, Juicy J Three 6 Mafia singles chronology``' Who Run It? '''(2000) ``Sippin' on Some Syrup'' (2000)`` 'Stay Fly' ''(2005) Who Run It? (2000) Sippin 'on Some Syrup (2000) Stay Fly (2005) Title: Shamishi Passage: Shamishi are semolina fried pies that have been produced in Cyprus since at least the 19th century and they are considered a traditional delicacy of the cuisine of Cyprus. Shamishi are known as a dessert that is served hot in special occasions such as weddings and local religious feasts usually along with loukoumades and water and it is a variety of fried pastry filled with halva and semolina. In addition to halva and semolina, shamishi includes ingredients like flour, water, sugar, mastic, oil (corn or groundnut oil), salt, among others.	[ "Teem", "Pepsi-Cola Made with Real Sugar" ]
2hop__412886_3983	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Berlin to the Samba Beat (Portuguese:Berlim na Batucada) is a 1944 Brazilian musical comedy film directed by Luiz de Barros. The film was in the popular tradition of chanchadas, featuring stars of the musical stage. It was made by the Rio de Janeiro-based Cinédia studio. It was a follow-up to the hit \"Samba in Berlin\" (1944) which made fun of Brazil's World War II enemy Nazi Germany.", "title": "Berlin to the Samba Beat" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samba Diawara (born 15 March 1978 in Paris) is a Malian football player, who currently plays for AFC Tubize in Belgium.", "title": "Samba Diawara" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bal Gangadhar Tilak (or Lokmanya Tilak, pronunciation (help info); 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him ``The father of the Indian unrest. ''He was also conferred with the title of`` Lokmanya'', which means ``accepted by the people (as their leader) ''.", "title": "Bal Gangadhar Tilak" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pursuant to this power, Congress in 1790 passed the first naturalization law for the United States, the Naturalization Act of 1790. The law enabled those who had resided in the country for two years and had kept their current state of residence for a year to apply for citizenship. However it restricted naturalization to ``free white persons ''of`` good moral character''.", "title": "History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Louis Borloo (; born 7 April 1951 in Paris) is a French politician and was the leader of the Union of Democrats and Independents, and French Minister for Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Town and Country Planning (Regional Development) between 2007 and 2010. On 6 April 2014, he announced in a letter that he would resign from every mandate or responsibility, due to health reasons.", "title": "Jean-Louis Borloo" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emerson Samba (born March 5, 1987 in Bo, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean footballer, who currently plays for Mighty Blackpool in the Sierra Leone National Premier League.", "title": "Emerson Samba" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Music is another major part of all aspects of the carnival. As stated by Samba City, ``Samba Carnival Instruments are an important part of Brazil and the Rio de Janeiro carnival, sending out the irresistible beats and rhythms making the crowd explode in a colourful dance revolution fantasy fest! ''The samba that is found in Rio is battucanada, referring to the dance and music being based on percussion instruments. It`` is born of a rhythmic necessity that it allows you to sing, to dance, and to parade at the same time.'' This is why the batucada style is found in most all of Rio's street carnivals.", "title": "Rio Carnival" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benedicto Kagimu Mugumba Kiwanuka (8 May 1922 – 22 September 1972) was the first prime minister of Uganda, a leader of the Democratic Party, and one of the persons that led the country in the transition between colonial British rule and independence. He was murdered by Idi Amin's regime in 1972.", "title": "Benedicto Kiwanuka" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "José Bezerra da Silva (February 23, 1927 in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil – January 17, 2005 in Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian samba musician of the partido alto style.", "title": "Bezerra da Silva" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carmen Miranda GCIH, OMC Portuguese pronunciation: (ˈkaɾmẽȷ̃ miˈɾɐ̃dɐ), born Maria do Carmo Miranda da Cunha (February 9, 1909 -- August 5, 1955), was a Portuguese samba singer, dancer, Broadway actress, and film star who was popular from the 1930s to the 1950s. Nicknamed ``The Brazilian Bombshell '', Miranda is noted for her signature fruit hat outfit she wore in her American films. As a young woman, she designed hats in a boutique before recording her first album with composer Josué de Barros in 1929. Miranda's 1930 recording of`` Taí'' (``Pra Você Gostar de Mim ''), written by Joubert de Carvalho, catapulted her to stardom in Brazil as the foremost interpreter of samba.", "title": "Carmen Miranda" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bal Gangadhar Tilak (or Lokmanya Tilak, pronunciation (help info); 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him ``The father of the Indian unrest. ''He was also conferred with the title of`` Lokmanya'', which means ``accepted by the people (as their leader) ''.", "title": "Bal Gangadhar Tilak" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lupicínio Rodrigues (Porto Alegre, September 16, 1914 – Porto Alegre, August 27, 1974) was a great composer of samba-canção from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. He was the main exponent of a style of samba called Dor-de-Cotovelo. The term, literally \"elbow pain\", translates as \"heartbreak\".", "title": "Lupicínio Rodrigues" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sutan Sjahrir (5 March 1909 – 9 April 1966) was an avant garde and idealistic Indonesian intellectual, as well as revolutionary independence leader. He became the first prime minister of Indonesia in 1945, after a career as a key Indonesian nationalist organizer in the 1930s and 1940s. From there, Sutan worked hard as Prime Minister to ensure Indonesia was living up to its name. He was a pure idealist and a genius intellectual who despite his political interest, put his country first before his own needs. Unlike some of his colleagues, he did not support the Japanese and worked to gain independence for Indonesia.", "title": "Sutan Sjahrir" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trinidad and Tobago gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 31 August 1962. Elizabeth II remained head of state as Queen of Trinidad and Tobago. Eric Williams, a noted Caribbean historian, widely regarded as The Father of The Nation, was the first Prime Minister; he served from 1956 to 1959, before independence as Chief Minister, from 1959 to 1962, before independence as Premier, from 1962 to 1976, after independence as Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Trinidad and Tobago, then from 1976 to his death in 1981 as Prime Minister of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Rudranath Capildeo was the first Leader of the Opposition post-independence; he served from 1962 to 1967.", "title": "Trinidad and Tobago" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Acadêmicos do Grande Rio is a samba school of the Special Group of the carnaval of the city of Rio de Janeiro, being headquartered on Almirante Barroso street in Duque de Caxias.", "title": "Acadêmicos do Grande Rio" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Samba Mapangala was born in Matadi in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo. He spent early 1970s with various bands in Kinshasa, before moving to Uganda in 1975 where he and some other Congolese musicians formed the Les Kinois band. They moved to Nairobi in 1977. He formed a new band, the Orchestra Virunga, in 1981. The band is named after Virunga volcano located in Congo.", "title": "Samba Mapangala" } ]	Who was the first leader of the country that Samba Mappangala is from?	Fulbert Youlou	[]	Title: Rio Carnival Passage: Music is another major part of all aspects of the carnival. As stated by Samba City, ``Samba Carnival Instruments are an important part of Brazil and the Rio de Janeiro carnival, sending out the irresistible beats and rhythms making the crowd explode in a colourful dance revolution fantasy fest! ''The samba that is found in Rio is battucanada, referring to the dance and music being based on percussion instruments. It`` is born of a rhythmic necessity that it allows you to sing, to dance, and to parade at the same time.'' This is why the batucada style is found in most all of Rio's street carnivals. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: Benedicto Kiwanuka Passage: Benedicto Kagimu Mugumba Kiwanuka (8 May 1922 – 22 September 1972) was the first prime minister of Uganda, a leader of the Democratic Party, and one of the persons that led the country in the transition between colonial British rule and independence. He was murdered by Idi Amin's regime in 1972. Title: Lupicínio Rodrigues Passage: Lupicínio Rodrigues (Porto Alegre, September 16, 1914 – Porto Alegre, August 27, 1974) was a great composer of samba-canção from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. He was the main exponent of a style of samba called Dor-de-Cotovelo. The term, literally "elbow pain", translates as "heartbreak". Title: Carmen Miranda Passage: Carmen Miranda GCIH, OMC Portuguese pronunciation: (ˈkaɾmẽȷ̃ miˈɾɐ̃dɐ), born Maria do Carmo Miranda da Cunha (February 9, 1909 -- August 5, 1955), was a Portuguese samba singer, dancer, Broadway actress, and film star who was popular from the 1930s to the 1950s. Nicknamed ``The Brazilian Bombshell '', Miranda is noted for her signature fruit hat outfit she wore in her American films. As a young woman, she designed hats in a boutique before recording her first album with composer Josué de Barros in 1929. Miranda's 1930 recording of`` Taí'' (``Pra Você Gostar de Mim ''), written by Joubert de Carvalho, catapulted her to stardom in Brazil as the foremost interpreter of samba. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Jean-Louis Borloo Passage: Jean-Louis Borloo (; born 7 April 1951 in Paris) is a French politician and was the leader of the Union of Democrats and Independents, and French Minister for Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Town and Country Planning (Regional Development) between 2007 and 2010. On 6 April 2014, he announced in a letter that he would resign from every mandate or responsibility, due to health reasons. Title: Emerson Samba Passage: Emerson Samba (born March 5, 1987 in Bo, Sierra Leone) is a Sierra Leonean footballer, who currently plays for Mighty Blackpool in the Sierra Leone National Premier League. Title: Bal Gangadhar Tilak Passage: Bal Gangadhar Tilak (or Lokmanya Tilak, pronunciation (help info); 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, social reformer, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him ``The father of the Indian unrest. ''He was also conferred with the title of`` Lokmanya'', which means ``accepted by the people (as their leader) ''. Title: Samba Mapangala Passage: Samba Mapangala was born in Matadi in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo. He spent early 1970s with various bands in Kinshasa, before moving to Uganda in 1975 where he and some other Congolese musicians formed the Les Kinois band. They moved to Nairobi in 1977. He formed a new band, the Orchestra Virunga, in 1981. The band is named after Virunga volcano located in Congo. Title: Bal Gangadhar Tilak Passage: Bal Gangadhar Tilak (or Lokmanya Tilak, pronunciation (help info); 23 July 1856 -- 1 August 1920), born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, was an Indian nationalist, teacher, lawyer and an independence activist. He was the first leader of the Indian Independence Movement. The British colonial authorities called him ``The father of the Indian unrest. ''He was also conferred with the title of`` Lokmanya'', which means ``accepted by the people (as their leader) ''. Title: Bezerra da Silva Passage: José Bezerra da Silva (February 23, 1927 in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil – January 17, 2005 in Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian samba musician of the partido alto style. Title: Sutan Sjahrir Passage: Sutan Sjahrir (5 March 1909 – 9 April 1966) was an avant garde and idealistic Indonesian intellectual, as well as revolutionary independence leader. He became the first prime minister of Indonesia in 1945, after a career as a key Indonesian nationalist organizer in the 1930s and 1940s. From there, Sutan worked hard as Prime Minister to ensure Indonesia was living up to its name. He was a pure idealist and a genius intellectual who despite his political interest, put his country first before his own needs. Unlike some of his colleagues, he did not support the Japanese and worked to gain independence for Indonesia. Title: Errol Nolan Passage: Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. Title: Trinidad and Tobago Passage: Trinidad and Tobago gained its independence from the United Kingdom on 31 August 1962. Elizabeth II remained head of state as Queen of Trinidad and Tobago. Eric Williams, a noted Caribbean historian, widely regarded as The Father of The Nation, was the first Prime Minister; he served from 1956 to 1959, before independence as Chief Minister, from 1959 to 1962, before independence as Premier, from 1962 to 1976, after independence as Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Trinidad and Tobago, then from 1976 to his death in 1981 as Prime Minister of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Rudranath Capildeo was the first Leader of the Opposition post-independence; he served from 1962 to 1967. Title: Berlin to the Samba Beat Passage: Berlin to the Samba Beat (Portuguese:Berlim na Batucada) is a 1944 Brazilian musical comedy film directed by Luiz de Barros. The film was in the popular tradition of chanchadas, featuring stars of the musical stage. It was made by the Rio de Janeiro-based Cinédia studio. It was a follow-up to the hit "Samba in Berlin" (1944) which made fun of Brazil's World War II enemy Nazi Germany.	[ "Republic of the Congo", "Samba Mapangala" ]
3hop1__41763_66386_16350	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO / ˈneɪtoʊ /; French: Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries. The organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4 April 1949. NATO constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its independent member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, while the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium.", "title": "NATO" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members", "title": "National Pan-Hellenic Council" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial.", "title": "Headquarters of the United Nations" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michael Oppenheimer, a long-time participant in the IPCC and coordinating lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report conceded in Science Magazine's State of the Planet 2008-2009 some limitations of the IPCC consensus approach and asks for concurring, smaller assessments of special problems instead of the large scale approach as in the previous IPCC assessment reports. It has become more important to provide a broader exploration of uncertainties. Others see as well mixed blessings of the drive for consensus within the IPCC process and ask to include dissenting or minority positions or to improve statements about uncertainties.", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "RJR Nabisco, Inc., was an American conglomerate, selling tobacco and food products, headquartered in the Calyon Building in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. RJR Nabisco stopped operating as a single entity in 1999; however, both RJR (as R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company) and Nabisco (now part of Mondelēz International) still exist.", "title": "RJR Nabisco" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extracts were of particular interest to surgeons as hemostatic agents and as treatment for shock, and a number of companies developed products based on adrenal extracts containing varying purities of the active substance. In 1897 John Abel of Johns Hopkins University identified the active principle as epinephrine, which he isolated in an impure state as the sulfate salt. Industrial chemist Jokichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the technology to Parke Davis. Parke Davis marketed epinephrine under the trade name Adrenalin. Injected epinephrine proved to be especially efficacious for the acute treatment of asthma attacks, and an inhaled version was sold in the United States until 2011 (Primatene Mist). By 1929 epinephrine had been formulated into an inhaler for use in the treatment of nasal congestion.", "title": "Pharmaceutical industry" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While the Secretariat of the United Nations is headquartered in New York City, its many bodies, specialized agencies and related organizations are situated in other parts of the world, particularly in Europe.", "title": "List of United Nations organizations by location" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Another example of scientific research which suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC, far from overstating dangers and risks, have actually understated them is a study on projected rises in sea levels. When the researchers' analysis was \"applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the researchers found that in 2100 sea levels would be 0.5–1.4 m [50–140 cm] above 1990 levels. These values are much greater than the 9–88 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001\". This may have been due, in part, to the expanding human understanding of climate.", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The medication was not readily available globally as of 2015. It was believed that pricing will be similar to bedaquiline, which for six months is approximately US$900 in low income countries, US$3,000 in middle income countries, and US$30,000 in high income countries. As of 2016 the Stop TB Partnership had an agreement to get the medication for US$1,700 per six month.", "title": "Delamanid" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During Israel's first two decades, the Israel Police headquarters were in Tel Aviv. As the organization increased its size, the need for a new staff building became apparent. Following the Six-Day War, in which Israel captured all of Jerusalem, a new location was chosen in eastern Jerusalem, between Mount Scopus and the western part of the city.", "title": "National Headquarters of the Israel Police" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nela Park is the headquarters of GE Lighting, and is located in East Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Today, GE Lighting is a part of GE Home & Business Solutions, headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. Nela Park serves as the operating headquarters of GE Lighting.", "title": "Nela Park" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific intergovernmental body under the auspices of the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and later endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly through Resolution 43/53. Membership of the IPCC is open to all members of the WMO and UNEP. The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which is the main international treaty on climate change. The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to \"stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic [i.e., human-induced] interference with the climate system\". IPCC reports cover \"the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation.\"", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Google Traffic is available by selecting ``Traffic ''from a drop - down menu on Google Maps. A colored overlay appears on top of major roads and motorways, with green representing a normal speed of traffic, yellow representing slower traffic conditions, red indicating congestion, and dark red (previously red and black) indicates nearly stopped or stop and go traffic. Grey indicates there is no data available.", "title": "Google Maps" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "International Monetary Fund Coat of arms Abbreviation IMF Formation 7 July 1944 Type International financial institution Purpose Promote international monetary co-operation, facilitate international trade, foster sustainable economic growth, make resources available to members experiencing balance of payments difficulties Headquarters Washington, D.C., United States Coordinates 38 ° 53 ′ 56.42 ''N 77 ° 2 ′ 39.21'' W / 38.8990056 ° N 77.0442250 ° W / 38.8990056; - 77.0442250 Coordinates: 38 ° 53 ′ 56.42 ''N 77 ° 2 ′ 39.21'' W / 38.8990056 ° N 77.0442250 ° W / 38.8990056; - 77.0442250 Region Worldwide Membership 189 countries Official language English Managing Director Christine Lagarde Main organ Board of governors Parent organization United Nations Staff 2,700 Website imf.org", "title": "International Monetary Fund" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 1 February 2007, the eve of the publication of IPCC's major report on climate, a study was published suggesting that temperatures and sea levels have been rising at or above the maximum rates proposed during the last IPCC report in 2001. The study compared IPCC 2001 projections on temperature and sea level change with observations. Over the six years studied, the actual temperature rise was near the top end of the range given by IPCC's 2001 projection, and the actual sea level rise was above the top of the range of the IPCC projection.", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first large organ was built by Conrad Abtt (Minden) c. 1616/17. The instrument had 31 stops on two manuals and pedal. During the 17th and 18th century, the instrument was rebuilt and expanded. In 1909, Furtwängler & Hammer (Hannover) built a new organ with 54 stops (three manuals and pedal), re-using the organ case from 1617. On March 22, 1945 the organ was destroyed during an air raid.", "title": "Hildesheim Cathedral" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Federbet is an organization of European casino owners and bookmakers that was founded to help unify the laws with respect to gambling in the countries under the European Union, through lobbying and other methods. Part of their operation is to identify match fixing, and to work to eliminate it. Federbet was established in October 2010 in response to the European Commission inquiry regarding on-line gambling. Their headquarters is in Brussels, Paul Tavarelli is the current president of Fedbet, and Francesco Baranca is their secretary general.", "title": "Federbet" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The IPCC receives funding through the IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Costs of the Secretary and of housing the secretariat are provided by the WMO, while UNEP meets the cost of the Depute Secretary. Annual cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO, by UNEP, and by IPCC Members; the scale of payments is determined by the IPCC Panel, which is also responsible for considering and adopting by consensus the annual budget. The organisation is required to comply with the Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO.", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stop The Killing KC is a community improvement organization in Kansas City, Missouri patterned after \"\"stop the violence/stop the killing\"\" movements in other large American cities, urged since 1985 by Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam movement, and drawing on lessons learned in past decades by many other community improvement organizations such as urban development programs in various U.S. Cities and evangelical or social outreach programs of various churches, religions or groups.", "title": "Stop the Killing KC" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for \"the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance\". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report \"Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale\".", "title": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" } ]	When did epinephrine stop being available in the country where the organization IPCC is part of is headquartered?	2011	[]	Title: Google Maps Passage: Google Traffic is available by selecting ``Traffic ''from a drop - down menu on Google Maps. A colored overlay appears on top of major roads and motorways, with green representing a normal speed of traffic, yellow representing slower traffic conditions, red indicating congestion, and dark red (previously red and black) indicates nearly stopped or stop and go traffic. Grey indicates there is no data available. Title: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Passage: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a scientific intergovernmental body under the auspices of the United Nations, set up at the request of member governments. It was first established in 1988 by two United Nations organizations, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), and later endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly through Resolution 43/53. Membership of the IPCC is open to all members of the WMO and UNEP. The IPCC produces reports that support the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which is the main international treaty on climate change. The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to "stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic [i.e., human-induced] interference with the climate system". IPCC reports cover "the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant to understanding the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate change, its potential impacts and options for adaptation and mitigation." Title: List of United Nations organizations by location Passage: While the Secretariat of the United Nations is headquartered in New York City, its many bodies, specialized agencies and related organizations are situated in other parts of the world, particularly in Europe. Title: Federbet Passage: Federbet is an organization of European casino owners and bookmakers that was founded to help unify the laws with respect to gambling in the countries under the European Union, through lobbying and other methods. Part of their operation is to identify match fixing, and to work to eliminate it. Federbet was established in October 2010 in response to the European Commission inquiry regarding on-line gambling. Their headquarters is in Brussels, Paul Tavarelli is the current president of Fedbet, and Francesco Baranca is their secretary general. Title: Delamanid Passage: The medication was not readily available globally as of 2015. It was believed that pricing will be similar to bedaquiline, which for six months is approximately US$900 in low income countries, US$3,000 in middle income countries, and US$30,000 in high income countries. As of 2016 the Stop TB Partnership had an agreement to get the medication for US$1,700 per six month. Title: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Passage: The IPCC receives funding through the IPCC Trust Fund, established in 1989 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), Costs of the Secretary and of housing the secretariat are provided by the WMO, while UNEP meets the cost of the Depute Secretary. Annual cash contributions to the Trust Fund are made by the WMO, by UNEP, and by IPCC Members; the scale of payments is determined by the IPCC Panel, which is also responsible for considering and adopting by consensus the annual budget. The organisation is required to comply with the Financial Regulations and Rules of the WMO. Title: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Passage: Michael Oppenheimer, a long-time participant in the IPCC and coordinating lead author of the Fifth Assessment Report conceded in Science Magazine's State of the Planet 2008-2009 some limitations of the IPCC consensus approach and asks for concurring, smaller assessments of special problems instead of the large scale approach as in the previous IPCC assessment reports. It has become more important to provide a broader exploration of uncertainties. Others see as well mixed blessings of the drive for consensus within the IPCC process and ask to include dissenting or minority positions or to improve statements about uncertainties. Title: Stop the Killing KC Passage: Stop The Killing KC is a community improvement organization in Kansas City, Missouri patterned after ""stop the violence/stop the killing"" movements in other large American cities, urged since 1985 by Minister Louis Farrakhan of the Nation of Islam movement, and drawing on lessons learned in past decades by many other community improvement organizations such as urban development programs in various U.S. Cities and evangelical or social outreach programs of various churches, religions or groups. Title: NATO Passage: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO / ˈneɪtoʊ /; French: Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries. The organization implements the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4 April 1949. NATO constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its independent member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. NATO's Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, while the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. Title: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Passage: Another example of scientific research which suggests that previous estimates by the IPCC, far from overstating dangers and risks, have actually understated them is a study on projected rises in sea levels. When the researchers' analysis was "applied to the possible scenarios outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the researchers found that in 2100 sea levels would be 0.5–1.4 m [50–140 cm] above 1990 levels. These values are much greater than the 9–88 cm as projected by the IPCC itself in its Third Assessment Report, published in 2001". This may have been due, in part, to the expanding human understanding of climate. Title: Pharmaceutical industry Passage: By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extracts were of particular interest to surgeons as hemostatic agents and as treatment for shock, and a number of companies developed products based on adrenal extracts containing varying purities of the active substance. In 1897 John Abel of Johns Hopkins University identified the active principle as epinephrine, which he isolated in an impure state as the sulfate salt. Industrial chemist Jokichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the technology to Parke Davis. Parke Davis marketed epinephrine under the trade name Adrenalin. Injected epinephrine proved to be especially efficacious for the acute treatment of asthma attacks, and an inhaled version was sold in the United States until 2011 (Primatene Mist). By 1929 epinephrine had been formulated into an inhaler for use in the treatment of nasal congestion. Title: RJR Nabisco Passage: RJR Nabisco, Inc., was an American conglomerate, selling tobacco and food products, headquartered in the Calyon Building in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. RJR Nabisco stopped operating as a single entity in 1999; however, both RJR (as R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company) and Nabisco (now part of Mondelēz International) still exist. Title: Hildesheim Cathedral Passage: The first large organ was built by Conrad Abtt (Minden) c. 1616/17. The instrument had 31 stops on two manuals and pedal. During the 17th and 18th century, the instrument was rebuilt and expanded. In 1909, Furtwängler & Hammer (Hannover) built a new organ with 54 stops (three manuals and pedal), re-using the organ case from 1617. On March 22, 1945 the organ was destroyed during an air raid. Title: National Pan-Hellenic Council Passage: National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members Title: Headquarters of the United Nations Passage: The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. Title: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Passage: This projection was not included in the final summary for policymakers. The IPCC has since acknowledged that the date is incorrect, while reaffirming that the conclusion in the final summary was robust. They expressed regret for "the poor application of well-established IPCC procedures in this instance". The date of 2035 has been correctly quoted by the IPCC from the WWF report, which has misquoted its own source, an ICSI report "Variations of Snow and Ice in the past and at present on a Global and Regional Scale". Title: Nela Park Passage: Nela Park is the headquarters of GE Lighting, and is located in East Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Today, GE Lighting is a part of GE Home & Business Solutions, headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky. Nela Park serves as the operating headquarters of GE Lighting.	[ "Headquarters of the United Nations", "Pharmaceutical industry", "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change" ]
2hop__149686_140497	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Clarissa von Anstetten (née Prozeski and formerly Kaufmann) is a fictional character on German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\". The character is played by actress Isa Jank from the show's debut on 2 January 1995 to 5 September 2001 and again since 21 June 2011. She left the show again on 20 March 2013.", "title": "Clarissa von Anstetten" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gates is an American supernatural crime drama television series that aired on the ABC network from June 20, 2010 to September 19, 2010. The show was cancelled after its first season due to low ratings.", "title": "The Gates (TV series)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portrait of Clarissa Strozzi is a portrait by the Italian painter Titian from 1542 belonging to the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin.", "title": "Portrait of Clarissa Strozzi" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dream Job is an American reality television show from ESPN, which began on February 22, 2004. It was the network's second reality show, with two editions of \"Beg, Borrow & Deal\" having previously aired. However, this was the first reality show from a network to offer its winner an on-air place on one of its shows. The show was hosted by Stuart Scott.", "title": "Dream Job" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chicagoland Mystery Players was a live television series first shown on local station WGN-TV in Chicago starting in 1949, then picked up by the DuMont Television Network and first aired on the network September 11, 1949. The 30-minute show aired on Sundays at 8pm ET.", "title": "Chicagoland Mystery Players" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American series premiered on April 26, 2011 on the NBC television network. The winner of the first season was Javier Colon, mentored by coach Adam Levine. The season finale aired on June 29, 2011. It immediately proved to be a hit for NBC and the network renewed the show for a second season.", "title": "The Voice (American season 1)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Breeder of the Pack is a Canadian show that airs on the Discovery Network and Animal Planet Canada. The show details the lives of dog breeders.", "title": "Breeder of the Pack" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Operation Information was a DuMont Television Network public affairs TV show giving veterans information on their rights and benefits. The show aired Thursdays from July 17, 1952 to September 18, 1952. DuMont had previously aired a similar series for veterans \"Operation Success\" (1948-49).", "title": "Operation Information" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Welcome Freshmen is an American comedy series that ran on Nickelodeon from 1991 to 1994 with reruns until 1996. The show took place at Hawthorne High School with a group of high school students and a bumbling vice principal. Game shows like \"Get the Picture\" and \"Nick Arcade\" had celebrity episodes starring some of the cast of \"Welcome Freshmen\" and \"Clarissa Explains It All\".", "title": "Welcome Freshmen" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nine Thirty Curtain was a dramatic anthology television series which aired on the DuMont Television Network from October 16, 1953, to January 1, 1954. The 30-minute show aired on Fridays at 9:30 pm ET.", "title": "Nine Thirty Curtain" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julia Mendes (born Prozeski, adopted von Anstetten and formerly Sander) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by Valerie Niehaus. She is introduced in the series' premiere on January 2, 1995. She departed from the series in July 1997, when Niehaus decided to pursue other roles. The role was surprisingly recast with well-known actress Nina Bott in 2011; reinstating the Brandner family and the original story of the show. Bott appeared for the first time on-screen on June 23, 2011. She eventually finished shooting her story arc in October 2011 and last appeared on January 18, 2012. The character is known as the first protagonist of the show and her main story focuses around the incestuous love to her twin-brother Jan Brandner.", "title": "Julia Mendes" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Front Row Center is an American variety show that aired on the DuMont Television Network Sundays at 7pm ET from March 25, 1949, to April 2, 1950.", "title": "Front Row Center" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Verbotene Liebe (, lit. \"Forbidden Love\") is a German television soap opera created by Reg Watson for Das Erste. The show is set primarily in the German city of Düsseldorf although, at times, the city of Cologne and the Spanish island of Majorca have figured prominently in the show's story lines. First broadcast on 2 January 1995, \"Verbotene Liebe\" was originally broadcast in 24-minute episodes, five times a week. It expanded to 45-minute episodes on 21 June 2011 and trimmed back to 40-minute episodes on 23 January 2012 to accommodate an adjusted time-slot. In 2006, Pay-TV network Passion began broadcasting episodes of the show from the beginning.", "title": "Verbotene Liebe" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Barker Bill's Cartoon Show was the first network television weekday cartoon series, airing on CBS from 1953 to 1955. The 15 minute show was broadcast twice a week, Wednesdays and Fridays, at 5 P.M. Eastern, although some local stations showed both episodes together as a single 30 minute show.", "title": "Barker Bill's Cartoon Show" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baggage Battles is an American docu-reality, produced by The Travel Channel from 2012. The first episode of the show was aired on April 11, 2012. Season 5 was produced in Canada for Travel Channel International and Canada's CMT Network.", "title": "Baggage Battles" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hot Stove is an offseason baseball talk show that airs on MLB Network and is simulcast on MLB Network Radio. The show offers the coverage of offseason activities including trades, free agent signings, and rumors. It is taped live in \"Studio K\" of the MLB Network studios in Secaucus, New Jersey. Prior to its restructure to a talk show in 2012, it replaced \"MLB Tonight\" as the signature show of the network during the off season. As such it was taped live in Studio 3, but also featured segments taped in Studio 42. The program airs from after the World Series and before spring training.", "title": "Hot Stove" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Haves and the Have Nots is an American crime drama and soap opera created, executive produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The premise of the series is based on Perry's 2011 play The Haves and the Have Nots. The show premiered on May 28, 2013 on the Oprah Winfrey Network. It is the first scripted television series to air on the network. Both the show's first and second episodes aired back - to - back on its premiere night. Each episode is one hour long.", "title": "The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eclipse Music TV was an Australian music television show which was broadcast every Sunday from 12:30pm on GO!. The show was referred to as \"AllPhones Eclipse Music TV\", after its major sponsor All Phones. The first series went to air on the Seven Network in 2005, \"Eclipse Music TV\" quickly became Australia's number one Saturday music chart show til 2007. Its final show on the Seven Network aired on 28 November 2009, before moving to GO! on 8 April 2010. The series ended in 2013.", "title": "Eclipse Music TV" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Window on the World is an American variety show which aired on the now-defunct DuMont Television Network. The program aired from January 27, 1949, to April 14, 1949. Each episode was 30 minutes long.", "title": "Window on the World" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera \"Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)\", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein. She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998. Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October. She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004. Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children. She left again in December 2009 and returned in April 2010.", "title": "Tanja von Lahnstein" } ]	What network first aired the show with Clarissa von Anstetten?	Das Erste	[]	Title: Nine Thirty Curtain Passage: Nine Thirty Curtain was a dramatic anthology television series which aired on the DuMont Television Network from October 16, 1953, to January 1, 1954. The 30-minute show aired on Fridays at 9:30 pm ET. Title: The Gates (TV series) Passage: The Gates is an American supernatural crime drama television series that aired on the ABC network from June 20, 2010 to September 19, 2010. The show was cancelled after its first season due to low ratings. Title: Tanja von Lahnstein Passage: Tanja von Lahnstein (née Wittkamp, formerly von Anstetten, Rai and von Lahnstein) is a fictional character from the German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)", played by actress Miriam Lahnstein. She made her first appearance on-screen on 21 June 1995 and left after three years in May 1998. Lahnstein returned to the role in 2001, where she was seen from 24 April to 5 October. She came back another three years later and reappeared on 16 April 2004. Lahnstein left the show for a short time, while being on contract, from June 2005 to March 2006 and from March to December 2007 during the pregnancy of her two children. She left again in December 2009 and returned in April 2010. Title: Window on the World Passage: Window on the World is an American variety show which aired on the now-defunct DuMont Television Network. The program aired from January 27, 1949, to April 14, 1949. Each episode was 30 minutes long. Title: Portrait of Clarissa Strozzi Passage: Portrait of Clarissa Strozzi is a portrait by the Italian painter Titian from 1542 belonging to the Gemäldegalerie in Berlin. Title: Clarissa von Anstetten Passage: Clarissa von Anstetten (née Prozeski and formerly Kaufmann) is a fictional character on German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)". The character is played by actress Isa Jank from the show's debut on 2 January 1995 to 5 September 2001 and again since 21 June 2011. She left the show again on 20 March 2013. Title: Chicagoland Mystery Players Passage: Chicagoland Mystery Players was a live television series first shown on local station WGN-TV in Chicago starting in 1949, then picked up by the DuMont Television Network and first aired on the network September 11, 1949. The 30-minute show aired on Sundays at 8pm ET. Title: Verbotene Liebe Passage: Verbotene Liebe (, lit. "Forbidden Love") is a German television soap opera created by Reg Watson for Das Erste. The show is set primarily in the German city of Düsseldorf although, at times, the city of Cologne and the Spanish island of Majorca have figured prominently in the show's story lines. First broadcast on 2 January 1995, "Verbotene Liebe" was originally broadcast in 24-minute episodes, five times a week. It expanded to 45-minute episodes on 21 June 2011 and trimmed back to 40-minute episodes on 23 January 2012 to accommodate an adjusted time-slot. In 2006, Pay-TV network Passion began broadcasting episodes of the show from the beginning. Title: Hot Stove Passage: Hot Stove is an offseason baseball talk show that airs on MLB Network and is simulcast on MLB Network Radio. The show offers the coverage of offseason activities including trades, free agent signings, and rumors. It is taped live in "Studio K" of the MLB Network studios in Secaucus, New Jersey. Prior to its restructure to a talk show in 2012, it replaced "MLB Tonight" as the signature show of the network during the off season. As such it was taped live in Studio 3, but also featured segments taped in Studio 42. The program airs from after the World Series and before spring training. Title: Barker Bill's Cartoon Show Passage: Barker Bill's Cartoon Show was the first network television weekday cartoon series, airing on CBS from 1953 to 1955. The 15 minute show was broadcast twice a week, Wednesdays and Fridays, at 5 P.M. Eastern, although some local stations showed both episodes together as a single 30 minute show. Title: Welcome Freshmen Passage: Welcome Freshmen is an American comedy series that ran on Nickelodeon from 1991 to 1994 with reruns until 1996. The show took place at Hawthorne High School with a group of high school students and a bumbling vice principal. Game shows like "Get the Picture" and "Nick Arcade" had celebrity episodes starring some of the cast of "Welcome Freshmen" and "Clarissa Explains It All". Title: Baggage Battles Passage: Baggage Battles is an American docu-reality, produced by The Travel Channel from 2012. The first episode of the show was aired on April 11, 2012. Season 5 was produced in Canada for Travel Channel International and Canada's CMT Network. Title: The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series) Passage: The Haves and the Have Nots is an American crime drama and soap opera created, executive produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The premise of the series is based on Perry's 2011 play The Haves and the Have Nots. The show premiered on May 28, 2013 on the Oprah Winfrey Network. It is the first scripted television series to air on the network. Both the show's first and second episodes aired back - to - back on its premiere night. Each episode is one hour long. Title: Operation Information Passage: Operation Information was a DuMont Television Network public affairs TV show giving veterans information on their rights and benefits. The show aired Thursdays from July 17, 1952 to September 18, 1952. DuMont had previously aired a similar series for veterans "Operation Success" (1948-49). Title: Breeder of the Pack Passage: Breeder of the Pack is a Canadian show that airs on the Discovery Network and Animal Planet Canada. The show details the lives of dog breeders. Title: Dream Job Passage: Dream Job is an American reality television show from ESPN, which began on February 22, 2004. It was the network's second reality show, with two editions of "Beg, Borrow & Deal" having previously aired. However, this was the first reality show from a network to offer its winner an on-air place on one of its shows. The show was hosted by Stuart Scott. Title: Julia Mendes Passage: Julia Mendes (born Prozeski, adopted von Anstetten and formerly Sander) is a fictional character from the German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)", played by Valerie Niehaus. She is introduced in the series' premiere on January 2, 1995. She departed from the series in July 1997, when Niehaus decided to pursue other roles. The role was surprisingly recast with well-known actress Nina Bott in 2011; reinstating the Brandner family and the original story of the show. Bott appeared for the first time on-screen on June 23, 2011. She eventually finished shooting her story arc in October 2011 and last appeared on January 18, 2012. The character is known as the first protagonist of the show and her main story focuses around the incestuous love to her twin-brother Jan Brandner.	[ "Clarissa von Anstetten", "Verbotene Liebe" ]
2hop__307569_51671	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The All - India Muslim League (popularised as Muslim League) was a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire. Its strong advocacy for the establishment of a separate Muslim - majority nation - state, Pakistan, successfully led to the partition of British India in 1947 by the British Empire. The party arose out of a literary movement begun at The Aligarh Muslim University in which Syed Ahmad Khan was a central figure. Sir Syed had founded, in 1886, the Muhammadan Educational Conference, but a self - imposed ban prevented it from discussing politics. In December 1906 conference in Dhaka, attended by 3,000 delegates, the conference removed the ban and adopted a resolution to form an All Indian Muslim League political party. Its original political goal was to define and advance the Indian Muslim's civil rights and to provide protection to the upper and gentry class of Indian Muslims. From 1906 -- 30s, the party worked on its organizational structure, its credibility in Muslim communities all over the British Indian Empire, and lacked as a mass organisation but represented the landed and commercial Muslim interests of the United Provinces (today's Uttar Pradesh).", "title": "All-India Muslim League" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party, he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President.", "title": "Aliu Mahama" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji)", "title": "Rahimtulla M. Sayani" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (\"German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES\") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality.", "title": "Friedrich Ebert Foundation" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is \"guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin.\" The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the \"leading force of society and of the state\".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office.", "title": "Cuba" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dr Marek Henryk Migalski (born 14 January 1969 in Racibórz) is a Polish politician, Member of the European Parliament, political scientist, and columnist. A member of Poland Comes First (PjN), Migalski was elected to the European Parliament at the 2009 election for Law and Justice (PiS). He never joined the party, and his open criticism of PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński led to his expulsion from the party's group and the creation of the more moderate PjN in late 2010.", "title": "Marek Migalski" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "K. Avukader Kutty Naha, was an Indian Union Muslim League Leader and former Deputy Chief Minister of Kerala. He was born in February 1920 to Shri Kunjikoyanutty Haji. He started his political life after his schooling through Indian Union Muslim League. During the political career, he served as Vice-President, Indian Union Muslim League, Kerala State Committee, and President, Kerala State Swathanthra Thozhilali Union. He had been elected also as a member of the Malabar District Board in 1954.", "title": "K. Avukader Kutty Naha" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National League for Democracy (Burmese: အမျိုးသား ဒီမိုကရေစီ အဖွဲ့ချုပ်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá dìmòkəɹèsì ʔəpʰwḛdʑoʊʔ]; abbreviated NLD) is a social-democratic and liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma), currently serving as the governing party. Founded on 27 September 1988, it has become one of the most influential parties in Myanmar's pro-democracy movement. Aung San Suu Kyi, the Special Honorary President of the Socialist International and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, serves as its President and she is currently serving as State Counsellor of Myanmar. The party won a substantial parliamentary majority in the 1990 Burmese general election. However, the ruling military junta refused to recognise the result. On 6 May 2010, the party was declared illegal and ordered to be disbanded by the junta after refusing to register for the elections slated for November 2010. In November 2011, the NLD announced its intention to register as a political party to contend future elections, and Myanmar's Union Election Commission approved their application for registration on 13 December 2011.In the 2012 by-elections, the NLD contested 44 of the 45 available seats; winning 43, and losing only one seat to the SNDP. Party leader Aung San Suu Kyi won the seat of Kawhmu.In the 2015 general election, the NLD won a supermajority in both houses of the Assembly, paving the way for the country's first non-military president in 54 years.", "title": "National League for Democracy" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections", "title": "Ontario Libertarian Party" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In August 2015, prior to the 2015 leadership election, the Labour Party reported 292,505 full members, 147,134 affiliated supporters (mostly from affiliated trade unions and socialist societies) and 110,827 registered supporters; a total of about 550,000 members and supporters. As of June 2016, a few days after the 2017 General Election, the party had approximately 552,000 full members, making it the largest political party in Western Europe.", "title": "Labour Party (UK)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court \"alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session.\"The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. \"International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair.\" The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform.", "title": "Dominican Republic" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "René Souchon (born 12 March 1943 in Le Malzieu-Ville, Lozère) is the regional president of the French region of Auvergne. He was first elected in 2006. He is a member of the Socialist Party.", "title": "René Souchon" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.", "title": "2020 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Santosh S. Lad (born 27 February 1975 in Sandur, India) is an Indian Congress politician (represents Indian National Congress) serving as Minister of Karnataka State for Information and Infrastructure after being re-elected as MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) from Kalagatagi constituency in Dharwad district of Karnataka state.", "title": "Santosh Lad" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yadav Shivram Mahajan (born at Himgona, Jalgaon district, Maharashtra, 22 November 1911) was a member of the 4th Lok Sabha of India from the Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra elected in 1970 by-elections and a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party.", "title": "Yadav Shivram Mahajan" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was educated at Rajkumar College, Raipur and at Mayo College, Ajmer. He became the Raja of Ramgarh in 1919 upon death of his father, Raja Lakshmi Narain Singh. He formed his own political party (Janta Party of Ramgarh) and was a prominent leader in Bihar at that time. His family (Narain Raj Parivar) was the first family in India to use helicopters in election campaign. He served as the Vice-President of the Bihar Landholder's Association and the All India Kshatriya Mahasabha. He was also Member of the Managing Committee and General Council of Rajkumar College; Member of the Executive Body of the Bihar War Committee. He served as president of Akhil Bharatiya Kshatriya Mahasabha in 1943 and 1953.", "title": "Kamakhya Narain Singh" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The People's Movement for Progress (, MPP) is a political party in Burkina Faso that was founded on 25 January 2014 by former Congress for Democracy and Progress member Roch Marc Christian Kaboré. Kaboré ran as the party's presidential candidate in the November 2015 general election and was elected in the first round of voting; the MPP also won a plurality of seats in the National Assembly of Burkina Faso. It is a full member of Socialist International, having been admitted in 2016.", "title": "People's Movement for Progress" } ]	Who was the first Muslim to be elected as president of Santosh Lad's political party?	Badruddin Tayyab Ji	[]	Title: National League for Democracy Passage: The National League for Democracy (Burmese: အမျိုးသား ဒီမိုကရေစီ အဖွဲ့ချုပ်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá dìmòkəɹèsì ʔəpʰwḛdʑoʊʔ]; abbreviated NLD) is a social-democratic and liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma), currently serving as the governing party. Founded on 27 September 1988, it has become one of the most influential parties in Myanmar's pro-democracy movement. Aung San Suu Kyi, the Special Honorary President of the Socialist International and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, serves as its President and she is currently serving as State Counsellor of Myanmar. The party won a substantial parliamentary majority in the 1990 Burmese general election. However, the ruling military junta refused to recognise the result. On 6 May 2010, the party was declared illegal and ordered to be disbanded by the junta after refusing to register for the elections slated for November 2010. In November 2011, the NLD announced its intention to register as a political party to contend future elections, and Myanmar's Union Election Commission approved their application for registration on 13 December 2011.In the 2012 by-elections, the NLD contested 44 of the 45 available seats; winning 43, and losing only one seat to the SNDP. Party leader Aung San Suu Kyi won the seat of Kawhmu.In the 2015 general election, the NLD won a supermajority in both houses of the Assembly, paving the way for the country's first non-military president in 54 years. Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017. Title: People's Movement for Progress Passage: The People's Movement for Progress (, MPP) is a political party in Burkina Faso that was founded on 25 January 2014 by former Congress for Democracy and Progress member Roch Marc Christian Kaboré. Kaboré ran as the party's presidential candidate in the November 2015 general election and was elected in the first round of voting; the MPP also won a plurality of seats in the National Assembly of Burkina Faso. It is a full member of Socialist International, having been admitted in 2016. Title: Aliu Mahama Passage: Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party, he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President. Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. Title: 2020 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee. Title: Dominican Republic Passage: The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court "alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session."The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. "International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair." The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform. Title: Cuba Passage: The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is "guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin." The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the "leading force of society and of the state".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office. Title: All-India Muslim League Passage: The All - India Muslim League (popularised as Muslim League) was a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire. Its strong advocacy for the establishment of a separate Muslim - majority nation - state, Pakistan, successfully led to the partition of British India in 1947 by the British Empire. The party arose out of a literary movement begun at The Aligarh Muslim University in which Syed Ahmad Khan was a central figure. Sir Syed had founded, in 1886, the Muhammadan Educational Conference, but a self - imposed ban prevented it from discussing politics. In December 1906 conference in Dhaka, attended by 3,000 delegates, the conference removed the ban and adopted a resolution to form an All Indian Muslim League political party. Its original political goal was to define and advance the Indian Muslim's civil rights and to provide protection to the upper and gentry class of Indian Muslims. From 1906 -- 30s, the party worked on its organizational structure, its credibility in Muslim communities all over the British Indian Empire, and lacked as a mass organisation but represented the landed and commercial Muslim interests of the United Provinces (today's Uttar Pradesh). Title: Santosh Lad Passage: Santosh S. Lad (born 27 February 1975 in Sandur, India) is an Indian Congress politician (represents Indian National Congress) serving as Minister of Karnataka State for Information and Infrastructure after being re-elected as MLA (Member of Legislative Assembly) from Kalagatagi constituency in Dharwad district of Karnataka state. Title: Ontario Libertarian Party Passage: Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections Title: Yadav Shivram Mahajan Passage: Yadav Shivram Mahajan (born at Himgona, Jalgaon district, Maharashtra, 22 November 1911) was a member of the 4th Lok Sabha of India from the Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra elected in 1970 by-elections and a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party. Title: K. Avukader Kutty Naha Passage: K. Avukader Kutty Naha, was an Indian Union Muslim League Leader and former Deputy Chief Minister of Kerala. He was born in February 1920 to Shri Kunjikoyanutty Haji. He started his political life after his schooling through Indian Union Muslim League. During the political career, he served as Vice-President, Indian Union Muslim League, Kerala State Committee, and President, Kerala State Swathanthra Thozhilali Union. He had been elected also as a member of the Malabar District Board in 1954. Title: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Passage: The Friedrich Ebert Foundation ("German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality. Title: Rahimtulla M. Sayani Passage: Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji) Title: René Souchon Passage: René Souchon (born 12 March 1943 in Le Malzieu-Ville, Lozère) is the regional president of the French region of Auvergne. He was first elected in 2006. He is a member of the Socialist Party.	[ "Rahimtulla M. Sayani", "Santosh Lad" ]
2hop__837090_278127	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label.", "title": "The Opening (album)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Christión was a male duo featuring brothers Kenni Ski and Allen Anthony, the first R&B act to be signed to Jay-Z's Roc-A-Fella Records. They released their single \"Full of Smoke\" on Roc-A-Fella in 1996, reaching #53 on the Hot 100 and #15 on the R&B chart.", "title": "Christión" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label.", "title": "Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Red and Black in Willisau is a live album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman and drummer Ed Blackwell featuring performances recorded at the Willisau Jazz Festival in 1980 for the Italian Black Saint label.", "title": "Red and Black in Willisau" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carryin' On is an album by American jazz guitarist Grant Green featuring performances recorded in 1969 and released on the Blue Note label. The album marked Green's return to the Blue Note label and embracing a jazz-funk style that he would play for the rest of his life.", "title": "Carryin' On" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fly with the Wind is a 1976 album by jazz pianist McCoy Tyner, his ninth to be released on the Milestone label. It was recorded in January 1976 and features performances by Tyner with band and string section.", "title": "Fly with the Wind" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Really Big! is the second album by saxophonist Jimmy Heath featuring big band performances recorded in 1960 and originally released on the Riverside label.", "title": "Really Big!" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label.", "title": "Matador (Kenny Dorham album)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label.", "title": "Top and Bottom Brass" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967.", "title": "Easterly Winds" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label.", "title": "The Voice That Is!" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Straight No Filter is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, recorded mostly in 1963 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1985. The albums compiles performances recorded at four different sessions from 1963 to 1966.", "title": "Straight No Filter" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Collaboration is an album by American jazz group the Modern Jazz Quartet with Brazilian guitarist Laurindo Almeida featuring performances recorded at Webster Hall in 1964 and released on the Atlantic label.", "title": "Collaboration (Modern Jazz Quartet and Laurindo Almeida album)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label.", "title": "African Venus" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label.", "title": "Bach to the Blues" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge.", "title": "Antoine Marchand" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Do It Again (Put Ya Hands Up)\" is the lead single from rapper Jay-Z's fourth album \"Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter\". The song features production by Rockwilder, including guest vocals by Amil and Beanie Sigel.", "title": "Do It Again (Put Ya Hands Up)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label.", "title": "Jamal Plays Jamal" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benson & Farrell is the fourteenth album by American guitarist George Benson and jazz saxophonist and flutist Joe Farrell featuring performances recorded in 1976 and released on the CTI label.", "title": "Benson & Farrell" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "30th Anniversary Tour: Live is the fourth live album by George Thorogood and the Destroyers. It was recorded on May 4, 2004 at the Royal Concert Hall in Nottingham, England, and on October 19, 2004 on the Eagle Records label. The performance was also released on DVD, and as a CD/DVD collectors' edition.", "title": "30th Anniversary Tour: Live" } ]	What is the record label of the Do It Again performer?	Roc-A-Fella Records	[]	Title: Bach to the Blues Passage: Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label. Title: Straight No Filter Passage: Straight No Filter is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, recorded mostly in 1963 but not released on the Blue Note label until 1985. The albums compiles performances recorded at four different sessions from 1963 to 1966. Title: The Opening (album) Passage: The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label. Title: Red and Black in Willisau Passage: Red and Black in Willisau is a live album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman and drummer Ed Blackwell featuring performances recorded at the Willisau Jazz Festival in 1980 for the Italian Black Saint label. Title: Fly with the Wind Passage: Fly with the Wind is a 1976 album by jazz pianist McCoy Tyner, his ninth to be released on the Milestone label. It was recorded in January 1976 and features performances by Tyner with band and string section. Title: Carryin' On Passage: Carryin' On is an album by American jazz guitarist Grant Green featuring performances recorded in 1969 and released on the Blue Note label. The album marked Green's return to the Blue Note label and embracing a jazz-funk style that he would play for the rest of his life. Title: Antoine Marchand Passage: Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge. Title: Benson & Farrell Passage: Benson & Farrell is the fourteenth album by American guitarist George Benson and jazz saxophonist and flutist Joe Farrell featuring performances recorded in 1976 and released on the CTI label. Title: African Venus Passage: African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label. Title: Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album) Passage: Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label. Title: Top and Bottom Brass Passage: Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: Easterly Winds Passage: Easterly Winds is an album by American jazz pianist Jack Wilson featuring performances recorded and released on the Blue Note label in 1967. Title: The Voice That Is! Passage: The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label. Title: Christión Passage: Christión was a male duo featuring brothers Kenni Ski and Allen Anthony, the first R&B act to be signed to Jay-Z's Roc-A-Fella Records. They released their single "Full of Smoke" on Roc-A-Fella in 1996, reaching #53 on the Hot 100 and #15 on the R&B chart. Title: Do It Again (Put Ya Hands Up) Passage: "Do It Again (Put Ya Hands Up)" is the lead single from rapper Jay-Z's fourth album "Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter". The song features production by Rockwilder, including guest vocals by Amil and Beanie Sigel. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label. Title: Jamal Plays Jamal Passage: Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label.	[ "Christión", "Do It Again (Put Ya Hands Up)" ]
4hop1__106947_221169_833580_61459	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paola Cavallino (born 6 June 1977 in Genova) is a butterfly swimmer from Italy, who won the silver medal in the women's 200 metres butterfly event at the 2004 European Championships. She represented her native country a couple of months later at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.", "title": "Paola Cavallino" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Giacomo Vassanelli (born May 5, 1983 in Verona) is a freestyle swimmer from Italy, who won the gold medal in the men's 4×100 metres freestyle event at the 2004 European Championships. He represented his native country a couple of months later at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.", "title": "Giacomo Vassanelli" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Léopold Standaert was a sailor from Belgium, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium in the 8 Metre.", "title": "Léopold Standaert" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ahn Byeong-keun (born February 23, 1962) is a retired judoka from South Korea, who represented his native country at the 1984 Summer Olympics. There he claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) by defeating Italy's Ezio Gamba in the final.", "title": "Ahn Byeong-keun" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium.", "title": "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. The 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta was held in the capital city Tallinn. After regaining independence in 1991, Estonia has participated in all Olympics. Estonia has won most of its medals in athletics, weightlifting, wrestling and cross-country skiing. Estonia has had very good success at the Olympic games given the country's small population. Estonia's best results were being ranked 13th in the medal table at the 1936 Summer Olympics, and 12th at the 2006 Winter Olympics.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Annamaria Solazzi (born December 10, 1965 in Ancona) is a former female beach volleyball player from Italy, who twice represented her native country at the Summer Olympics: 1996 and 2000. Partnering Laura Bruschini she thrice claimed the gold medal at the European Championships: in 1997, 1999 and 2000.", "title": "Annamaria Solazzi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916).", "title": "Military history of Italy during World War I" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He competed at the 1920 and the 1924 Summer Olympics. Vittorio Zucca has won four time the individual national championship. On the track in the sand of a 100 meters of the Olympic Games in Antwerp in 1920, he measured Vittorio Zucca, a native of Pula, at that time part of the Kingdom of Italy. Zucca was also in Paris 1924.", "title": "Vittorio Zucca" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alberto Angelini (born 28 September 1974 in Savona) is a retired water polo player from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996 (Atlanta, Georgia). He was a member of the men's national team that claimed the bronze medal in 1996.", "title": "Alberto Angelini" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leonardo Sottani (born 1 November 1973 in Figline Valdarno) is a retired water polo player from Italy, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There the attacking forward (1m97) was a member of the men's national team that claimed the bronze medal.", "title": "Leonardo Sottani" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arnoud Eugène van der Biesen (December 28, 1899 Semarang, Dutch East Indies - February 17, 1968, The Hague) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium.", "title": "Arnoud van der Biesen" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roldano Simeoni (Civitavecchia, December 21, 1948) is a retired water polo player from Italy, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1972.", "title": "Roldano Simeoni" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francesco Postiglione (born 29 April 1972 in Naples) is a former swimmer and water polo player from Italy, who represented his native country at four Summer Olympics: 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004. At his Olympic debut he competed as a breaststroke swimmer (1992). Four years later he claimed the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, USA.", "title": "Francesco Postiglione" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roberto Calcaterra (born February 2, 1972 in Civitavecchia) is a retired water polo defense player from Italy, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There he won the bronze medal with the men's national team. Calcaterra also competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.", "title": "Roberto Calcaterra" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Gomes (born June 13, 1937 in Uitvlugt) is a retired track and field athlete from Guyana. He competed in the middle-distances, and represented his native country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy.", "title": "Ralph Gomes" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paola Paggi (born 6 December 1976 in Ivrea, Piedmont) is a volleyball player from Italy, who represented her native country in two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 2000. She was a member of the Women's National Team, that won the title at the 2002 FIVB Women's World Championship in Germany. Paggi made her debut for Italy on 22 May 1999 against Cuba.", "title": "Paola Paggi" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sweden competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. 260 competitors, 247 men and 13 women, took part in 100 events in 18 sports.", "title": "Sweden at the 1920 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On October 28, 2012, the first public performance of \"Infruset\" was celebrated as cinema event with broadcasts in cinemas and theaters in Sweden, Germany and Switzerland. The premiere consisted of two parts – a biography of Gustaf Fröding and interviews with band members, and the live performance of the new songs.", "title": "Infruset" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ronald (\"Ron\") Owen Laird (born May 31, 1938 in Louisville, Kentucky) was a race walker from the United States, who competed for the New York Athletic Club. He represented his native country at four Olympiads. His best finish was 19th place in the men's 50 km walk at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. He won the 20 km event at the 1967 Pan American Games, and finished 25th in that event in the Mexico City 1968 Summer Olympics and 20th in the Montreal 1976 Summer Olympics, but was disqualified in the 1964 Summer Olympics event in Tokyo.", "title": "Ron Laird" } ]	When did Italy fight in the same was as did Albert I of the country the 1920 Summer Olympics was held, where the country Infruset is from also participated?	1915	[]	Title: Sweden at the 1920 Summer Olympics Passage: Sweden competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium. 260 competitors, 247 men and 13 women, took part in 100 events in 18 sports. Title: Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation Passage: The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium. Title: Ahn Byeong-keun Passage: Ahn Byeong-keun (born February 23, 1962) is a retired judoka from South Korea, who represented his native country at the 1984 Summer Olympics. There he claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) by defeating Italy's Ezio Gamba in the final. Title: Arnoud van der Biesen Passage: Arnoud Eugène van der Biesen (December 28, 1899 Semarang, Dutch East Indies - February 17, 1968, The Hague) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium. Title: Paola Cavallino Passage: Paola Cavallino (born 6 June 1977 in Genova) is a butterfly swimmer from Italy, who won the silver medal in the women's 200 metres butterfly event at the 2004 European Championships. She represented her native country a couple of months later at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Title: Giacomo Vassanelli Passage: Giacomo Vassanelli (born May 5, 1983 in Verona) is a freestyle swimmer from Italy, who won the gold medal in the men's 4×100 metres freestyle event at the 2004 European Championships. He represented his native country a couple of months later at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Title: Ralph Gomes Passage: Ralph Gomes (born June 13, 1937 in Uitvlugt) is a retired track and field athlete from Guyana. He competed in the middle-distances, and represented his native country at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. Title: Alberto Angelini Passage: Alberto Angelini (born 28 September 1974 in Savona) is a retired water polo player from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996 (Atlanta, Georgia). He was a member of the men's national team that claimed the bronze medal in 1996. Title: Léopold Standaert Passage: Léopold Standaert was a sailor from Belgium, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium in the 8 Metre. Title: Ron Laird Passage: Ronald ("Ron") Owen Laird (born May 31, 1938 in Louisville, Kentucky) was a race walker from the United States, who competed for the New York Athletic Club. He represented his native country at four Olympiads. His best finish was 19th place in the men's 50 km walk at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. He won the 20 km event at the 1967 Pan American Games, and finished 25th in that event in the Mexico City 1968 Summer Olympics and 20th in the Montreal 1976 Summer Olympics, but was disqualified in the 1964 Summer Olympics event in Tokyo. Title: Roberto Calcaterra Passage: Roberto Calcaterra (born February 2, 1972 in Civitavecchia) is a retired water polo defense player from Italy, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. There he won the bronze medal with the men's national team. Calcaterra also competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. Title: Infruset Passage: On October 28, 2012, the first public performance of "Infruset" was celebrated as cinema event with broadcasts in cinemas and theaters in Sweden, Germany and Switzerland. The premiere consisted of two parts – a biography of Gustaf Fröding and interviews with band members, and the live performance of the new songs. Title: Military history of Italy during World War I Passage: On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916). Title: Estonia Passage: Sport plays an important role in Estonian culture. After declaring independence from Russia in 1918, Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee was established in 1923. Estonian athletes took part of the Olympic Games until the country was annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940. The 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta was held in the capital city Tallinn. After regaining independence in 1991, Estonia has participated in all Olympics. Estonia has won most of its medals in athletics, weightlifting, wrestling and cross-country skiing. Estonia has had very good success at the Olympic games given the country's small population. Estonia's best results were being ranked 13th in the medal table at the 1936 Summer Olympics, and 12th at the 2006 Winter Olympics. Title: Francesco Postiglione Passage: Francesco Postiglione (born 29 April 1972 in Naples) is a former swimmer and water polo player from Italy, who represented his native country at four Summer Olympics: 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004. At his Olympic debut he competed as a breaststroke swimmer (1992). Four years later he claimed the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, USA. Title: Roldano Simeoni Passage: Roldano Simeoni (Civitavecchia, December 21, 1948) is a retired water polo player from Italy, who competed in three consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1972. Title: Annamaria Solazzi Passage: Annamaria Solazzi (born December 10, 1965 in Ancona) is a former female beach volleyball player from Italy, who twice represented her native country at the Summer Olympics: 1996 and 2000. Partnering Laura Bruschini she thrice claimed the gold medal at the European Championships: in 1997, 1999 and 2000.	[ "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation", "Military history of Italy during World War I", "Sweden at the 1920 Summer Olympics", "Infruset" ]
3hop1__357045_20680_21115	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ezio Gamba (born 2 December 1958, in Brescia) is a retired judoka from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics (1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988). He claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) in 1980 by defeating Great Britain's Neil Adams.", "title": "Ezio Gamba" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Mi Corazoncito\" () is Aventura's second single from their second live album \"K.O.B. Live\". The song reached big recognition in many Spanish-speaking countries and reached number two on the \"Billboard\" Hot Latin Tracks chart.", "title": "Mi Corazoncito" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Ding Dong, Ding Dong\" is a song by English musician George Harrison, written as a New Year's Eve singalong and released in December 1974 on his album \"Dark Horse\". It was the album's lead single in Britain and some other European countries, and the second single, after \"Dark Horse\", in North America. A large-scale production, the song incorporates aspects of Phil Spector's Wall of Sound technique, particularly his Christmas recordings from 1963. In addition, some Harrison biographers view \"Ding Dong\" as an attempt to emulate the success of two glam rock anthems from the 1973–74 holiday season: \"Merry Xmas Everybody\" by Slade, and Wizzard's \"I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday\". The song became only a minor hit in Britain and the United States, although it was a top-twenty hit elsewhere in the world.", "title": "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Life in the Roman Republic revolved around the city of Rome, and its famed seven hills. The city also had several theatres, gymnasiums, and many taverns, baths and brothels. Throughout the territory under Rome's control, residential architecture ranged from very modest houses to country villas, and in the capital city of Rome, to the residences on the elegant Palatine Hill, from which the word \"palace\" is derived. The vast majority of the population lived in the city center, packed into apartment blocks.[citation needed]", "title": "Roman Republic" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In many countries the social networking sites and mobile apps have been blocked temporarily or permanently, including China, Iran, Syria, and North Korea. In May 2018, the government of Papua New Guinea announced that it would ban Facebook for a month while it considered the impact of the website on the country, though no ban has since occurred.", "title": "Facebook" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rank Landmass Area (km) Area (sq mi) Country or countries Afro - Eurasia 85,000,000 33,000,000 Various Americas 42,300,000 16,300,000 Various Antarctica 14,000,000 5,400,000 None (various countries have territorial claims) Australia 7,600,000 2,900,000 Australia", "title": "List of islands by area" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "More than half of the Jews live in the Diaspora (see Population table). Currently, the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and either the largest or second-largest Jewish community in the world, is located in the United States, with 5.2 million to 6.4 million Jews by various estimates. Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America). Demographers disagree on whether the United States has a larger Jewish population than Israel, with many maintaining that Israel surpassed the United States in Jewish population during the 2000s, while others maintain that the United States still has the largest Jewish population in the world. Currently, a major national Jewish population survey is planned to ascertain whether or not Israel has overtaken the United States in Jewish population.", "title": "Jews" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rates of interreligious marriage vary widely: In the United States, it is just under 50%, in the United Kingdom, around 53%; in France; around 30%, and in Australia and Mexico, as low as 10%. In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. The result is that most countries in the Diaspora have steady or slightly declining religiously Jewish populations as Jews continue to assimilate into the countries in which they live.[citation needed]", "title": "Jews" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands.", "title": "List of island countries" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Save a Horse (Ride a Cowboy) ''is a song written and recorded by American country music duo Big & Rich. It was released in April 2004 as the second single from their debut album Horse of a Different Color. It reached number 11 on the U.S. Billboard US Country chart. The song received wide exposure when ESPN featured the song in commercials for its coverage of the 2004 World Series of Poker. It was also featured in the Boston Legal episode`` Death Be Not Proud''.", "title": "Save a Horse (Ride a Cowboy)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Lay Down Beside Me\" is a song written by American country music artist Don Williams. It was first recorded by Kenny Rogers on his 1977 self-titled album.", "title": "Lay Down Beside Me" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``All You Need Is Love ''is a song by the English rock band the Beatles that was released as a non-album single in July 1967. It was written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon -- McCartney. The Beatles performed the song over a pre-recorded backing track as Britain's contribution to Our World, the first live global television link. Watched by over 400 million in 25 countries, the programme was broadcast via satellite on 25 June 1967. The song captured the utopian sentiments of the Summer of Love era and topped singles charts in Britain, the United States and many other countries.", "title": "All You Need Is Love" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die) ''is a song written by Kerry Kurt Phillips, Howard Perdew and Rick Blaylock, and recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie. It was released in July 1993 as the second single from his CD Honky Tonk Attitude. It peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.", "title": "Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 3 to 10 ton was a sailing event on the Sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics program in Meulan. Eleven boats started during the two races in the 3 to 10 ton. Twenty sailors are documented, besides the France and Great Britain participants there was a Mixed country team from the US and Great Britain. The races were held on 24 and 25 May 1900 on the river Seine.", "title": "Sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics – 3 to 10 ton" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles, which were renamed the British Overseas Territories in 2002. Some are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remainder are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option. British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Horse Block is a sea stack of the Falkland Islands. It is situated off the southwest coast of Weddell Island, 1.8 km southwest of Pillar Bluff.", "title": "Horse Block" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In an ethnic sense, an Ashkenazi Jew is one whose ancestry can be traced to the Jews who settled in Central Europe. For roughly a thousand years, the Ashkenazim were a reproductively isolated population in Europe, despite living in many countries, with little inflow or outflow from migration, conversion, or intermarriage with other groups, including other Jews. Human geneticists have argued that genetic variations have been identified that show high frequencies among Ashkenazi Jews, but not in the general European population, be they for patrilineal markers (Y-chromosome haplotypes) and for matrilineal markers (mitotypes). However, a 2013 study of Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA, from the University of Huddersfield in England, suggests that at least 80 percent of the Ashkenazi maternal lineages derive from the assimilation of mtDNAs indigenous to Europe, probably as a consequence of conversion. Since the middle of the 20th century, many Ashkenazi Jews have intermarried, both with members of other Jewish communities and with people of other nations and faiths.", "title": "Ashkenazi Jews" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Immigration to Israel during the late 1940s and early 1950s was aided by the Israeli Immigration Department and the non-government sponsored Mossad LeAliyah Bet (\"Institution for Illegal Immigration\"). Both groups facilitated regular immigration logistics like arranging transportation, but the latter also engaged in clandestine operations in countries, particularly in the Middle East and Eastern Europe, where the lives of Jews were believed to be in danger and exit from those places was difficult. Mossad LeAliyah Bet continued to take part in immigration efforts until its disbanding in 1953. An influx of Holocaust survivors and Jews from Arab and Muslim lands immigrated to Israel during the first 3 years and the number of Jews increased from 700,000 to 1,400,000, many of whom faced persecution in their original countries. The immigration was in accordance with the One Million Plan.", "title": "Israel" } ]	How many Jews live in the country that besides Britain also lays claim to the islands containing the sea stack known as Horse Block?	180,000-300,000	[]	Title: Israel Passage: In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas. Title: Mi Corazoncito Passage: "Mi Corazoncito" () is Aventura's second single from their second live album "K.O.B. Live". The song reached big recognition in many Spanish-speaking countries and reached number two on the "Billboard" Hot Latin Tracks chart. Title: All You Need Is Love Passage: ``All You Need Is Love ''is a song by the English rock band the Beatles that was released as a non-album single in July 1967. It was written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon -- McCartney. The Beatles performed the song over a pre-recorded backing track as Britain's contribution to Our World, the first live global television link. Watched by over 400 million in 25 countries, the programme was broadcast via satellite on 25 June 1967. The song captured the utopian sentiments of the Summer of Love era and topped singles charts in Britain, the United States and many other countries. Title: Ashkenazi Jews Passage: In an ethnic sense, an Ashkenazi Jew is one whose ancestry can be traced to the Jews who settled in Central Europe. For roughly a thousand years, the Ashkenazim were a reproductively isolated population in Europe, despite living in many countries, with little inflow or outflow from migration, conversion, or intermarriage with other groups, including other Jews. Human geneticists have argued that genetic variations have been identified that show high frequencies among Ashkenazi Jews, but not in the general European population, be they for patrilineal markers (Y-chromosome haplotypes) and for matrilineal markers (mitotypes). However, a 2013 study of Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA, from the University of Huddersfield in England, suggests that at least 80 percent of the Ashkenazi maternal lineages derive from the assimilation of mtDNAs indigenous to Europe, probably as a consequence of conversion. Since the middle of the 20th century, many Ashkenazi Jews have intermarried, both with members of other Jewish communities and with people of other nations and faiths. Title: Ezio Gamba Passage: Ezio Gamba (born 2 December 1958, in Brescia) is a retired judoka from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics (1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988). He claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) in 1980 by defeating Great Britain's Neil Adams. Title: Jews Passage: Rates of interreligious marriage vary widely: In the United States, it is just under 50%, in the United Kingdom, around 53%; in France; around 30%, and in Australia and Mexico, as low as 10%. In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. The result is that most countries in the Diaspora have steady or slightly declining religiously Jewish populations as Jews continue to assimilate into the countries in which they live.[citation needed] Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Jews Passage: More than half of the Jews live in the Diaspora (see Population table). Currently, the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and either the largest or second-largest Jewish community in the world, is located in the United States, with 5.2 million to 6.4 million Jews by various estimates. Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America). Demographers disagree on whether the United States has a larger Jewish population than Israel, with many maintaining that Israel surpassed the United States in Jewish population during the 2000s, while others maintain that the United States still has the largest Jewish population in the world. Currently, a major national Jewish population survey is planned to ascertain whether or not Israel has overtaken the United States in Jewish population. Title: Horse Block Passage: The Horse Block is a sea stack of the Falkland Islands. It is situated off the southwest coast of Weddell Island, 1.8 km southwest of Pillar Bluff. Title: List of islands by area Passage: Rank Landmass Area (km) Area (sq mi) Country or countries Afro - Eurasia 85,000,000 33,000,000 Various Americas 42,300,000 16,300,000 Various Antarctica 14,000,000 5,400,000 None (various countries have territorial claims) Australia 7,600,000 2,900,000 Australia Title: Save a Horse (Ride a Cowboy) Passage: ``Save a Horse (Ride a Cowboy) ''is a song written and recorded by American country music duo Big & Rich. It was released in April 2004 as the second single from their debut album Horse of a Different Color. It reached number 11 on the U.S. Billboard US Country chart. The song received wide exposure when ESPN featured the song in commercials for its coverage of the 2004 World Series of Poker. It was also featured in the Boston Legal episode`` Death Be Not Proud''. Title: List of island countries Passage: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands. Title: Roman Republic Passage: Life in the Roman Republic revolved around the city of Rome, and its famed seven hills. The city also had several theatres, gymnasiums, and many taverns, baths and brothels. Throughout the territory under Rome's control, residential architecture ranged from very modest houses to country villas, and in the capital city of Rome, to the residences on the elegant Palatine Hill, from which the word "palace" is derived. The vast majority of the population lived in the city center, packed into apartment blocks.[citation needed] Title: Facebook Passage: In many countries the social networking sites and mobile apps have been blocked temporarily or permanently, including China, Iran, Syria, and North Korea. In May 2018, the government of Papua New Guinea announced that it would ban Facebook for a month while it considered the impact of the website on the country, though no ban has since occurred. Title: Israel Passage: Immigration to Israel during the late 1940s and early 1950s was aided by the Israeli Immigration Department and the non-government sponsored Mossad LeAliyah Bet ("Institution for Illegal Immigration"). Both groups facilitated regular immigration logistics like arranging transportation, but the latter also engaged in clandestine operations in countries, particularly in the Middle East and Eastern Europe, where the lives of Jews were believed to be in danger and exit from those places was difficult. Mossad LeAliyah Bet continued to take part in immigration efforts until its disbanding in 1953. An influx of Holocaust survivors and Jews from Arab and Muslim lands immigrated to Israel during the first 3 years and the number of Jews increased from 700,000 to 1,400,000, many of whom faced persecution in their original countries. The immigration was in accordance with the One Million Plan. Title: Ding Dong, Ding Dong Passage: "Ding Dong, Ding Dong" is a song by English musician George Harrison, written as a New Year's Eve singalong and released in December 1974 on his album "Dark Horse". It was the album's lead single in Britain and some other European countries, and the second single, after "Dark Horse", in North America. A large-scale production, the song incorporates aspects of Phil Spector's Wall of Sound technique, particularly his Christmas recordings from 1963. In addition, some Harrison biographers view "Ding Dong" as an attempt to emulate the success of two glam rock anthems from the 1973–74 holiday season: "Merry Xmas Everybody" by Slade, and Wizzard's "I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday". The song became only a minor hit in Britain and the United States, although it was a top-twenty hit elsewhere in the world. Title: British Empire Passage: Britain retains sovereignty over 14 territories outside the British Isles, which were renamed the British Overseas Territories in 2002. Some are uninhabited except for transient military or scientific personnel; the remainder are self-governing to varying degrees and are reliant on the UK for foreign relations and defence. The British government has stated its willingness to assist any Overseas Territory that wishes to proceed to independence, where that is an option. British sovereignty of several of the overseas territories is disputed by their geographical neighbours: Gibraltar is claimed by Spain, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are claimed by Argentina, and the British Indian Ocean Territory is claimed by Mauritius and Seychelles. The British Antarctic Territory is subject to overlapping claims by Argentina and Chile, while many countries do not recognise any territorial claims in Antarctica.	[ "Jews", "British Empire", "Horse Block" ]
2hop__46110_27737	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New York City Charter School Center assists the setup of new charter schools. There are approximately 900 additional privately run secular and religious schools in the city.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. The city has six international schools: American School of Brasília, Brasília International School (BIS), Escola das Nações, Swiss International School (SIS), Lycée français François-Mitterrand (LfFM) and Maple Bear Canadian School. August 2016 will see the opening of a new international school - The British School of Brasilia. Brasília has two universities, three university centers, and many private colleges.", "title": "José Antunes Sobrinho" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of April 2014, there are 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s as a result of many private schools opting to become state-integrated schools, mostly due of financial difficulties stemming from changes in student numbers and/or the economy. State-integrated schools keep their private school special character and receives state funds in return for having to operate like a state school, e.g. they must teach the state curriculum, they must employ registered teachers, and they can't charge tuition fees (they can charge \"attendance dues\" for the upkeep on the still-private school land and buildings). The largest decline in private school numbers occurred between 1979 and 1984, when the nation's then-private Catholic school system integrated. As a result, private schools in New Zealand are now largely restricted to the largest cities (Auckland, Hamilton, Wellington and Christchurch) and niche markets.", "title": "Private school" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hyundai Chungun High School (; HCU), is a private boarding high school located in Dong-gu, Ulsan, South Korea. It is one of the six Independent Private High Schools (자율형 사립고) in South Korea that requires an application of nationwide scale and admissions test to the applicant students.", "title": "Hyundai Chungun High School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Ireland, private schools (Irish: scoil phríobháideach) are unusual because a certain number of teacher's salaries are paid by the State. If the school wishes to employ extra teachers they are paid for with school fees, which tend to be relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world. There is, however, a limited element of state assessment of private schools, because of the requirement that the state ensure that children receive a certain minimum education; Irish private schools must still work towards the Junior Certificate and the Leaving Certificate, for example. Many private schools in Ireland also double as boarding schools. The average fee is around €5,000 annually for most schools, but some of these schools also provide boarding and the fees may then rise up to €25,000 per year. The fee-paying schools are usually run by a religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers, etc.", "title": "Private school" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richard Charles Guthridge (11 June 1837 – 13 October 1934) was a British merchant seaman and was recognised in 1998 by the Premier of Victoria in Australia as one of the earliest and most significant pioneers of the State. He notably worked for the Henty Brothers, who established the first permanent Victorian settlement in Portland, upon his arrival in Australia. Richard ultimately settled in Charam, near Edenhope, in Victoria and raised 13 children, most of whom lived to their 80s and 90s. When he died at the age of 97, Richard left a strong legacy in Australia in the form of his contributions to the fledgling colony and his hundreds of descendants.", "title": "Richard Charles Guthridge" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Eastern cities such as St. John's (1583), Quebec City (1608), Montreal (1642), Halifax (1749), Saint John (1785), and Sherbrooke (1793) were founded in these years. More to the west, Toronto was established in 1793 as York. Of these cities, Montreal would become the most prominent city in Canada up to the 20th century. Toronto grew at a quick pace, gaining its status as a city and present name in 1834.", "title": "History of cities in Canada" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hindman Settlement School is a settlement school located in Hindman, Kentucky in Knott County. Established in 1902, it was the first rural settlement school in America.", "title": "Hindman Settlement School" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The secondary level includes schools offering years 7 through 12 (year twelve is known as lower sixth) and year 13 (upper sixth). This category includes university-preparatory schools or \"prep schools\", boarding schools and day schools. Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to school and depends on many factors, including the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions and the school's financial endowment. High tuition, schools claim, is used to pay higher salaries for the best teachers and also used to provide enriched learning environments, including a low student to teacher ratio, small class sizes and services, such as libraries, science laboratories and computers. Some private schools are boarding schools and many military academies are privately owned or operated as well.", "title": "Private school" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "St. John's is served by the Eastern School District, the largest school district in Newfoundland and Labrador by student population. There are currently 36 primary, elementary and secondary schools in the city of St. John's, including three private schools. St. John's also includes one school that is part of the province-wide Conseil Scolaire Francophone (CSF), the Francophone public school district. It also contains two private schools, St. Bonaventure's College and Lakecrest Independent. Atlantic Canada's largest university, Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN), is located in St. John's. MUN provides comprehensive education and grants degrees in several fields and its historical strengths in engineering, business, geology, and medicine, make MUN one of the top comprehensive universities in Canada. The Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MI) or simply Marine Institute, is a post-secondary ocean and marine polytechnic located in St. John's and is affiliated with Memorial University of Newfoundland. MUN also offers the lowest tuition in Canada ($2,644, per Academic Year)", "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portland Lutheran School is a private Lutheran school in Portland, Oregon, United States. It has been accredited through the Northwest Association of Accredited Schools since 1948. The school permanently closed in 2015", "title": "Portland Lutheran School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Son of a Smaller Hero is a novel by Canadian author Mordecai Richler, first published in 1955 by André Deutsch. One of Richler's earliest works, it displays an earnest and gritty realism in comparison to his somewhat more satirical later novels. It is sometimes assigned reading for high school English classes in Canada.", "title": "Son of a Smaller Hero" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Recorded history began on 12 October 1492, when Christopher Columbus landed on the island of Guanahani, which he renamed San Salvador Island on his first voyage to the New World. The earliest permanent European settlement was in 1648 on Eleuthera. During the 18th century slave trade, many Africans were brought to the Bahamas as labourers. Their descendants now constitute 85% of the Bahamian population. The Bahamas gained independence from the United Kingdom on July 10, 1973.", "title": "History of the Bahamas" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nicolet founded a small trading post here in 1634, originally named La Baye or La Baie des Puants (French for ``the Bay of Stinking Waters ''). Nicolet's settlement was one of the oldest European permanent settlements in America.", "title": "Green Bay, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to current estimates, 29% of Indian children are privately educated. With more than 50% children enrolling in private schools in urban areas, the balance has already tilted towards private schooling in cities; and, even in rural areas, nearly 20% of the children in 2004 - 5 were enrolled in private schools.", "title": "Education in India" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The right to create private schools in Germany is in Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz and cannot be suspended even in a state of emergency. It is also not possible to abolish these rights. This unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future. Still, they are less common than in many other countries. Overall, between 1992 and 2008 the percent of pupils in such schools in Germany increased from 6.1% to 7.8% (including rise from 0.5% to 6.1% in the former GDR). Percent of students in private high schools reached 11.1%.", "title": "Private school" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "King's Castle is an Iron Age enclosed hilltop settlement at the south-western edge of the Mendip Hills near Wells in Somerset, England. Though there are many prehistoric sites in the surrounding area, it remains one of the earliest known settlements in the immediate vicinity of Wells, and may have been a precursor to the present day city. It consists of two or three interlinked sub-enclosures, with what appears to be a field system extending to the east; an unusual layout, the site remains relatively little studied and has not been archaeologically excavated. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, and shares its name with the surrounding King's Castle Wood—today a Somerset Wildlife Trust nature reserve—though this name is probably a modern invention.", "title": "King's Castle, Wells" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Formal education started to be developed in the late Ottoman period continuing slowly into and Hashimite times. The first major attempt to improve the situation was made by a Jeddah merchant, Muhammad ʿAlī Zaynal Riḍā, who founded the Madrasat al-Falāḥ in Mecca in 1911–12 that cost £400,000.The school system in Mecca has many public and private schools for both males and females. As of 2005, there were 532 public and private schools for males and another 681 public and private schools for female students. The medium of instruction in both public and private schools is Arabic with emphasis on English as a second language, but some private schools founded by foreign entities such as International schools use the English language for medium of instruction. They also allow mixing between males and females while other schools do not.", "title": "Mecca" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sedbergh School was a private English language senior school located in Montebello, Quebec, Canada which offers coeducation programs (grade seven to university entrance) and boarding facilities for Canadian and international students. Due to declining enrollment and poor economic forecasts, Sedbergh School closed down operations in June 2010.", "title": "Sedbergh School (Quebec)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Plymouth Colony was founded by a group of Puritan Separatists initially known as the Brownist Emigration, who came to be known as the Pilgrims. It was one of the earliest successful colonies to be founded by the English in North America, along with Jamestown and other settlements in Virginia, and was the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region. The colony was able to establish a treaty with Chief Massasoit which helped to ensure its success; in this, they were aided by Squanto, a Native American of the Patuxet people. It played a central role in King Philip's War (1675 -- 78), one of several Indian Wars. Ultimately, the colony was merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony and other territories in 1691 to form the Province of Massachusetts Bay.", "title": "Plymouth Colony" } ]	How many private schools are in the Canadian city that was one of the earliest permanent settlements?	three	[]	Title: New York City Passage: The New York City Charter School Center assists the setup of new charter schools. There are approximately 900 additional privately run secular and religious schools in the city. Title: Plymouth Colony Passage: Plymouth Colony was founded by a group of Puritan Separatists initially known as the Brownist Emigration, who came to be known as the Pilgrims. It was one of the earliest successful colonies to be founded by the English in North America, along with Jamestown and other settlements in Virginia, and was the first sizable permanent English settlement in the New England region. The colony was able to establish a treaty with Chief Massasoit which helped to ensure its success; in this, they were aided by Squanto, a Native American of the Patuxet people. It played a central role in King Philip's War (1675 -- 78), one of several Indian Wars. Ultimately, the colony was merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony and other territories in 1691 to form the Province of Massachusetts Bay. Title: Richard Charles Guthridge Passage: Richard Charles Guthridge (11 June 1837 – 13 October 1934) was a British merchant seaman and was recognised in 1998 by the Premier of Victoria in Australia as one of the earliest and most significant pioneers of the State. He notably worked for the Henty Brothers, who established the first permanent Victorian settlement in Portland, upon his arrival in Australia. Richard ultimately settled in Charam, near Edenhope, in Victoria and raised 13 children, most of whom lived to their 80s and 90s. When he died at the age of 97, Richard left a strong legacy in Australia in the form of his contributions to the fledgling colony and his hundreds of descendants. Title: Private school Passage: As of April 2014, there are 88 private schools in New Zealand, catering for around 28,000 students or 3.7% of the entire student population. Private school numbers have been in decline since the mid-1970s as a result of many private schools opting to become state-integrated schools, mostly due of financial difficulties stemming from changes in student numbers and/or the economy. State-integrated schools keep their private school special character and receives state funds in return for having to operate like a state school, e.g. they must teach the state curriculum, they must employ registered teachers, and they can't charge tuition fees (they can charge "attendance dues" for the upkeep on the still-private school land and buildings). The largest decline in private school numbers occurred between 1979 and 1984, when the nation's then-private Catholic school system integrated. As a result, private schools in New Zealand are now largely restricted to the largest cities (Auckland, Hamilton, Wellington and Christchurch) and niche markets. Title: Education in India Passage: According to current estimates, 29% of Indian children are privately educated. With more than 50% children enrolling in private schools in urban areas, the balance has already tilted towards private schooling in cities; and, even in rural areas, nearly 20% of the children in 2004 - 5 were enrolled in private schools. Title: Private school Passage: In Ireland, private schools (Irish: scoil phríobháideach) are unusual because a certain number of teacher's salaries are paid by the State. If the school wishes to employ extra teachers they are paid for with school fees, which tend to be relatively low in Ireland compared to the rest of the world. There is, however, a limited element of state assessment of private schools, because of the requirement that the state ensure that children receive a certain minimum education; Irish private schools must still work towards the Junior Certificate and the Leaving Certificate, for example. Many private schools in Ireland also double as boarding schools. The average fee is around €5,000 annually for most schools, but some of these schools also provide boarding and the fees may then rise up to €25,000 per year. The fee-paying schools are usually run by a religious order, i.e., the Society of Jesus or Congregation of Christian Brothers, etc. Title: Private school Passage: The secondary level includes schools offering years 7 through 12 (year twelve is known as lower sixth) and year 13 (upper sixth). This category includes university-preparatory schools or "prep schools", boarding schools and day schools. Tuition at private secondary schools varies from school to school and depends on many factors, including the location of the school, the willingness of parents to pay, peer tuitions and the school's financial endowment. High tuition, schools claim, is used to pay higher salaries for the best teachers and also used to provide enriched learning environments, including a low student to teacher ratio, small class sizes and services, such as libraries, science laboratories and computers. Some private schools are boarding schools and many military academies are privately owned or operated as well. Title: Sedbergh School (Quebec) Passage: Sedbergh School was a private English language senior school located in Montebello, Quebec, Canada which offers coeducation programs (grade seven to university entrance) and boarding facilities for Canadian and international students. Due to declining enrollment and poor economic forecasts, Sedbergh School closed down operations in June 2010. Title: Green Bay, Wisconsin Passage: Nicolet founded a small trading post here in 1634, originally named La Baye or La Baie des Puants (French for ``the Bay of Stinking Waters ''). Nicolet's settlement was one of the oldest European permanent settlements in America. Title: King's Castle, Wells Passage: King's Castle is an Iron Age enclosed hilltop settlement at the south-western edge of the Mendip Hills near Wells in Somerset, England. Though there are many prehistoric sites in the surrounding area, it remains one of the earliest known settlements in the immediate vicinity of Wells, and may have been a precursor to the present day city. It consists of two or three interlinked sub-enclosures, with what appears to be a field system extending to the east; an unusual layout, the site remains relatively little studied and has not been archaeologically excavated. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, and shares its name with the surrounding King's Castle Wood—today a Somerset Wildlife Trust nature reserve—though this name is probably a modern invention. Title: Mecca Passage: Formal education started to be developed in the late Ottoman period continuing slowly into and Hashimite times. The first major attempt to improve the situation was made by a Jeddah merchant, Muhammad ʿAlī Zaynal Riḍā, who founded the Madrasat al-Falāḥ in Mecca in 1911–12 that cost £400,000.The school system in Mecca has many public and private schools for both males and females. As of 2005, there were 532 public and private schools for males and another 681 public and private schools for female students. The medium of instruction in both public and private schools is Arabic with emphasis on English as a second language, but some private schools founded by foreign entities such as International schools use the English language for medium of instruction. They also allow mixing between males and females while other schools do not. Title: History of cities in Canada Passage: Eastern cities such as St. John's (1583), Quebec City (1608), Montreal (1642), Halifax (1749), Saint John (1785), and Sherbrooke (1793) were founded in these years. More to the west, Toronto was established in 1793 as York. Of these cities, Montreal would become the most prominent city in Canada up to the 20th century. Toronto grew at a quick pace, gaining its status as a city and present name in 1834. Title: José Antunes Sobrinho Passage: The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools. English and Spanish are also part of the official curriculum. The city has six international schools: American School of Brasília, Brasília International School (BIS), Escola das Nações, Swiss International School (SIS), Lycée français François-Mitterrand (LfFM) and Maple Bear Canadian School. August 2016 will see the opening of a new international school - The British School of Brasilia. Brasília has two universities, three university centers, and many private colleges. Title: Hindman Settlement School Passage: Hindman Settlement School is a settlement school located in Hindman, Kentucky in Knott County. Established in 1902, it was the first rural settlement school in America. Title: Private school Passage: The right to create private schools in Germany is in Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz and cannot be suspended even in a state of emergency. It is also not possible to abolish these rights. This unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future. Still, they are less common than in many other countries. Overall, between 1992 and 2008 the percent of pupils in such schools in Germany increased from 6.1% to 7.8% (including rise from 0.5% to 6.1% in the former GDR). Percent of students in private high schools reached 11.1%. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's is served by the Eastern School District, the largest school district in Newfoundland and Labrador by student population. There are currently 36 primary, elementary and secondary schools in the city of St. John's, including three private schools. St. John's also includes one school that is part of the province-wide Conseil Scolaire Francophone (CSF), the Francophone public school district. It also contains two private schools, St. Bonaventure's College and Lakecrest Independent. Atlantic Canada's largest university, Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN), is located in St. John's. MUN provides comprehensive education and grants degrees in several fields and its historical strengths in engineering, business, geology, and medicine, make MUN one of the top comprehensive universities in Canada. The Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland (MI) or simply Marine Institute, is a post-secondary ocean and marine polytechnic located in St. John's and is affiliated with Memorial University of Newfoundland. MUN also offers the lowest tuition in Canada ($2,644, per Academic Year) Title: Son of a Smaller Hero Passage: Son of a Smaller Hero is a novel by Canadian author Mordecai Richler, first published in 1955 by André Deutsch. One of Richler's earliest works, it displays an earnest and gritty realism in comparison to his somewhat more satirical later novels. It is sometimes assigned reading for high school English classes in Canada.	[ "History of cities in Canada", "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" ]
2hop__736406_501351	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a constituent college of the University of London. Imperial's Royal Charter, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on 8 July 1907. The main campus of Imperial College was constructed beside the buildings of the Imperial Institute in South Kensington.", "title": "Imperial College London" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Royal Conservatory of Music, branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a music education business and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter.", "title": "The Royal Conservatory of Music" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sir Robert Barrie KCB, KCH (5 May 1774 – 7 June 1841) was a British officer of the Royal Navy noted for his service in the War of 1812.", "title": "Robert Barrie" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shirantha Goonatilake completed his education at the Royal College, Colombo and followed in the footsteps of his father and elder brother to join the Sri Lanka Air Force.", "title": "Shirantha Goonatilake" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "James Manning (October 22, 1738 – July 29, 1791) was an American Baptist minister, educator and legislator from Providence, Rhode Island best known for being the first president of Brown University and one of its most involved founders.", "title": "James Manning (minister)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Butler was educated at Maidstone Grammar School and studied art at Saint Martin's School of Art and the Royal College of Art. For 10 years he was a professional stone carver. He taught sculpture and drawing at the City and Guilds of London Art School and was visiting professor to the Royal Academy School. He was first elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in 1964 and is a member of the Royal West of England Academy and fellow of the Royal British Society of Sculptors.", "title": "James Butler (artist)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nigel Tranter was born in Glasgow and educated at George Heriot's School in Edinburgh. He trained as an accountant and worked in Scottish National Insurance Company, founded by his uncle. In 1933, he married May Jean Campbell Grieve and had two children, Frances May and Philip. He joined the Royal Artillery and served in East Anglia in the Second World War.", "title": "Nigel Tranter" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Macnish was born at Henderson’s Court, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. His father and grandfather were doctors and after private education in Glasgow and at the long-established Old Grammar School of Hamilton (renamed the Hamilton Academy in 1848), Robert Macnish undertook his medical studies at the University of Glasgow obtaining a C.M. degree in 1820 and an M.D. in 1825. In 1827 he became a Member of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow (now known as the Royal College).", "title": "Robert Macnish" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Educated at Bedford School, Nigel Tapp was commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1924. He served in the Sudan Defence Force from 1932 to 1938.", "title": "Nigel Tapp" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) is the leading advocate for surgical standards, professionalism and surgical education in Australia and New Zealand. The head office of the College is in Melbourne, Australia.", "title": "Royal Australasian College of Surgeons" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Lee High School is a public high school located in Robert Lee, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Robert Lee Independent School District located in northwestern Coke County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "title": "Robert Lee High School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guillaume's education includes Lycée Robert-Schumann in Luxembourg; Collège Alpin International Beau Soleil and Institut Le Rosey boarding schools in Switzerland; and Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Camberley, England. He began his higher education studies in the United Kingdom where he studied at University College, Durham and Brunel University, both in England. In 2006 he entered Institut Philanthropos in Fribourg, Switzerland, where he spent a year studying philosophy and anthropology. He later studied letters and political science at the Institut Albert-le-Grand in Angers, receiving his bachelor's degree with honors in 2009. His degree was issued by Université d'Angers, as a result of a partnership agreement between the two schools.", "title": "Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Royal Academy of Arts was founded through a personal act of King George III on 10 December 1768 with a mission to promote the arts of design in Britain through education and exhibition. The motive in founding the Academy was twofold: to raise the professional status of the artist by establishing a sound system of training and expert judgement in the arts, and to arrange the exhibition of contemporary works of art attaining an appropriate standard of excellence. Supporters wanted to foster a national school of art and to encourage appreciation and interest among the public based on recognised canons of good taste.", "title": "Royal Academy of Arts" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clements Robert Markham, later president of the Royal Geographical Society, an English eye witness of the War of the Pacific stated:", "title": "Torpedo boats in the War of the Pacific" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Royal received his BA and MA from Brown University and his PhD from The Catholic University of America. He has taught at Brown University, Rhode Island College, and The Catholic University of America. From 1980 to 1982 he was editor-in-chief of \"Prospect\" magazine in Princeton, New Jersey. From 1986 to 1999 he served as vice president of the Ethics and Public Policy Center, along with president George Weigel from 1989 to 1996.", "title": "Robert Royal (author)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry Roberts (1756–1796) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served with Captain Cook on his last two voyages.", "title": "Henry Roberts (Royal Navy officer)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Boyle Prize for Analytical Science, formerly called Boyle Medal, is a prize of the Royal Society of Chemistry for Analytical Chemistry.", "title": "Robert Boyle Prize for Analytical Science" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blair was born in 1936, and educated at St John's College, Johannesburg, and Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He served in the Royal Navy from 1954, and was on the RAF staff course.", "title": "Neil Blair" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HMS \"Scott\" is an ocean survey vessel of the Royal Navy, and the only vessel of her class. She is the third Royal Navy ship to carry the name, and the second to be named after the Antarctic explorer, Robert Falcon Scott. She was ordered to replace the survey ship .", "title": "HMS Scott (H131)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harpin was born in Huddersfield and educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle, before going on to the University of York.", "title": "Richard Harpin" } ]	Who founded the university where Robert Royal was educated?	James Manning	[]	Title: Richard Harpin Passage: Harpin was born in Huddersfield and educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle, before going on to the University of York. Title: Royal Australasian College of Surgeons Passage: The Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (RACS) is the leading advocate for surgical standards, professionalism and surgical education in Australia and New Zealand. The head office of the College is in Melbourne, Australia. Title: HMS Scott (H131) Passage: HMS "Scott" is an ocean survey vessel of the Royal Navy, and the only vessel of her class. She is the third Royal Navy ship to carry the name, and the second to be named after the Antarctic explorer, Robert Falcon Scott. She was ordered to replace the survey ship . Title: Henry Roberts (Royal Navy officer) Passage: Henry Roberts (1756–1796) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served with Captain Cook on his last two voyages. Title: Imperial College London Passage: In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a constituent college of the University of London. Imperial's Royal Charter, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on 8 July 1907. The main campus of Imperial College was constructed beside the buildings of the Imperial Institute in South Kensington. Title: The Royal Conservatory of Music Passage: The Royal Conservatory of Music, branded as The Royal Conservatory, is a music education business and performance venue headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1886 by Edward Fisher as The Toronto Conservatory of Music. In 1947, King George VI incorporated the organization through royal charter. Title: Nigel Tapp Passage: Educated at Bedford School, Nigel Tapp was commissioned into the Royal Artillery in 1924. He served in the Sudan Defence Force from 1932 to 1938. Title: James Manning (minister) Passage: James Manning (October 22, 1738 – July 29, 1791) was an American Baptist minister, educator and legislator from Providence, Rhode Island best known for being the first president of Brown University and one of its most involved founders. Title: Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg Passage: Guillaume's education includes Lycée Robert-Schumann in Luxembourg; Collège Alpin International Beau Soleil and Institut Le Rosey boarding schools in Switzerland; and Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, Camberley, England. He began his higher education studies in the United Kingdom where he studied at University College, Durham and Brunel University, both in England. In 2006 he entered Institut Philanthropos in Fribourg, Switzerland, where he spent a year studying philosophy and anthropology. He later studied letters and political science at the Institut Albert-le-Grand in Angers, receiving his bachelor's degree with honors in 2009. His degree was issued by Université d'Angers, as a result of a partnership agreement between the two schools. Title: Robert Macnish Passage: Robert Macnish was born at Henderson’s Court, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. His father and grandfather were doctors and after private education in Glasgow and at the long-established Old Grammar School of Hamilton (renamed the Hamilton Academy in 1848), Robert Macnish undertook his medical studies at the University of Glasgow obtaining a C.M. degree in 1820 and an M.D. in 1825. In 1827 he became a Member of the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow (now known as the Royal College). Title: Robert Barrie Passage: Sir Robert Barrie KCB, KCH (5 May 1774 – 7 June 1841) was a British officer of the Royal Navy noted for his service in the War of 1812. Title: Robert Boyle Prize for Analytical Science Passage: Robert Boyle Prize for Analytical Science, formerly called Boyle Medal, is a prize of the Royal Society of Chemistry for Analytical Chemistry. Title: Torpedo boats in the War of the Pacific Passage: Clements Robert Markham, later president of the Royal Geographical Society, an English eye witness of the War of the Pacific stated: Title: James Butler (artist) Passage: Butler was educated at Maidstone Grammar School and studied art at Saint Martin's School of Art and the Royal College of Art. For 10 years he was a professional stone carver. He taught sculpture and drawing at the City and Guilds of London Art School and was visiting professor to the Royal Academy School. He was first elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in 1964 and is a member of the Royal West of England Academy and fellow of the Royal British Society of Sculptors. Title: Robert Lee High School Passage: Robert Lee High School is a public high school located in Robert Lee, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Robert Lee Independent School District located in northwestern Coke County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. Title: Robert Royal (author) Passage: Royal received his BA and MA from Brown University and his PhD from The Catholic University of America. He has taught at Brown University, Rhode Island College, and The Catholic University of America. From 1980 to 1982 he was editor-in-chief of "Prospect" magazine in Princeton, New Jersey. From 1986 to 1999 he served as vice president of the Ethics and Public Policy Center, along with president George Weigel from 1989 to 1996. Title: Neil Blair Passage: Blair was born in 1936, and educated at St John's College, Johannesburg, and Britannia Royal Naval College, Dartmouth. He served in the Royal Navy from 1954, and was on the RAF staff course.	[ "James Manning (minister)", "Robert Royal (author)" ]
2hop__103832_52230	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Howell Cobb\" was a schooner acquired on an emergency temporary basis by the United States Navy from the United States Coast Survey for service during the American Civil War. She served as a cargo ship in Union Navy service.", "title": "USS Howell Cobb (1861)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war.", "title": "Declaration of war by the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Operations (OEPPO) provides emergency planning and operational support to the United States House of Representatives. The Office was established by legislation in 2002, in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks to ensure continuity of operations.", "title": "United States House of Representatives Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization declared TB a \"global health emergency\" in 1993, and in 2006, the Stop TB Partnership developed a Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis that aims to save 14 million lives between its launch and 2015. A number of targets they have set are not likely to be achieved by 2015, mostly due to the increase in HIV-associated tuberculosis and the emergence of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis. A tuberculosis classification system developed by the American Thoracic Society is used primarily in public health programs.", "title": "Tuberculosis" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Presidential Emergency Operations Center (PEOC) is a bunker - like structure that lies underground, beneath the East Wing of the White House and serves as a secure shelter and communications center for the President of the United States and other protectees in case of an emergency.", "title": "Presidential Emergency Operations Center" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gandhi moved to restore order by ordering the arrest of most of the opposition participating in the unrest. Her Cabinet and government then recommended that President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed declare a state of emergency because of the disorder and lawlessness following the Allahabad High Court decision. Accordingly, Ahmed declared a State of Emergency caused by internal disorder, based on the provisions of Article 352(1) of the Constitution, on 25 June 1975.", "title": "Indira Gandhi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire. The Congress actually voted to declare independence two days earlier, on July 2.", "title": "Independence Day (United States)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States, all disasters are initially local, with local authorities, with usually a police, fire, or EMS agency, taking charge. Many local municipalities may also have a separate dedicated office of emergency management (OEM), along with personnel and equipment. If the event becomes overwhelming to the local government, state emergency management (the primary government structure of the United States) becomes the controlling emergency management agency. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), part of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), is the lead federal agency for emergency management. The United States and its territories are broken down into ten regions for FEMA's emergency management purposes. FEMA supports, but does not override, state authority.", "title": "Emergency management" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (i.e. denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Milcah Chemos Cheywa (born 24 February 1986 in Bugaa, Mount Elgon District) is a runner from Kenya who specialises in 3000 metres steeplechase. She is African record holder at the distance and is the gold medalist of the 2013 World Championships in Athletics.", "title": "Milcah Chemos Cheywa" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The post-Soviet states, also collectively known as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or former Soviet Republics, are the 15 independent states that emerged from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics in its dissolution in December 1991, with Russia internationally recognised as the successor state to the Soviet Union. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania was the first to declare its independence, with Estonia and Latvia following suit in August 1991. All three Baltic states claimed continuity from the original states that existed prior to their annexation by the Soviet Union in 1944 and were admitted to the United Nations on 17 September 1991. The remaining 12 republics all subsequently seceded. 12 of the 15 states, excluding the Baltic states, initially formed the CIS and most joined CSTO, while the Baltic states focused on European Union and NATO membership.", "title": "Post-Soviet states" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence occurred (primarily) on August 2, 1776 at the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The 56 delegates to the Second Continental Congress represented the 13 former colonies which had declared themselves the ``United States of America, ''and they endorsed the Declaration of Independence which the Congress had approved on July 4, 1776. The Declaration proclaimed that the Thirteen Colonies then at war with Great Britain were now sovereign states and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. The signers' names are grouped by state, with the exception of President of the Continental Congress John Hancock; the states are arranged geographically from north to south.", "title": "Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776. The Declaration announced that the thirteen American colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain would now regard themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states no longer under British rule. With the Declaration, these states formed a new nation -- the United States of America.", "title": "United States Declaration of Independence" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In March 2013, Governor Rick Snyder declared a financial emergency in the city, stating that the city has a $327 million budget deficit and faces more than $14 billion in long-term debt. It has been making ends meet on a month-to-month basis with the help of bond money held in a state escrow account and has instituted mandatory unpaid days off for many city workers. Those troubles, along with underfunded city services, such as police and fire departments, and ineffective turnaround plans from Bing and the City Council led the state of Michigan to appoint an emergency manager for Detroit on March 14, 2013. On June 14, 2013 Detroit defaulted on $2.5 billion of debt by withholding $39.7 million in interest payments, while Emergency Manager Kevyn Orr met with bondholders and other creditors in an attempt to restructure the city's $18.5 billion debt and avoid bankruptcy. On July 18, 2013, the City of Detroit filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy protection. It was declared bankrupt by U.S. judge Stephen Rhodes on December 3, with its $18.5 billion debt he said in accepting the city's contention that it is broke and that negotiations with its thousands of creditors were infeasible.", "title": "Detroit" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aside from military operations against Mau Mau fighters in the forests, the British attempt to defeat the movement broadly came in two stages: the first, relatively limited in scope, came during the period in which they had still failed to accept the seriousness of the revolt; the second came afterwards. During the first stage, the British tried to decapitate the movement by declaring a State of Emergency before arresting 180 alleged Mau Mau leaders (see Operation Jock Scott below) and subjecting six of them to a show trial (the Kapenguria Six); the second stage began in earnest in 1954, when they undertook a series of major economic, military and penal initiatives.", "title": "Mau Mau Uprising" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Vaudain Creely (November 14, 1839 – declared dead September 28, 1900) was an Independent Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. He disappeared while serving in Congress and was later declared legally dead.", "title": "John V. Creely" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 11 December 1941, Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, the same day that the United States declared war on Germany and Italy.", "title": "Military history of the United States during World War II" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 20 October 1952, Governor Baring signed an order declaring a State of Emergency. Early the next morning, Operation Jock Scott was launched: the British carried out a mass - arrest of Jomo Kenyatta and 180 other alleged Mau Mau leaders within Nairobi. Jock Scott did not decapitate the movement's leadership as hoped, since news of the impending operation was leaked. Thus, while the moderates on the wanted list awaited capture, the real militants, such as Dedan Kimathi and Stanley Mathenge (both later principal leaders of Mau Mau's forest armies), fled to the forests.", "title": "Mau Mau Uprising" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a developing constitutional monarchy, Jordan has survived the trials and tribulations of Middle Eastern politics. The Jordanian public has experienced limited democracy since gaining independence in 1946 however the population has not suffered as others have under dictatorships imposed by some Arab regimes. The 1952 Constitution provided for citizens of Jordan to form and join political parties. Such rights were suspended in 1967 when a state of emergency was declared and martial law and suspension of Parliament, continuing until it was repealed in 1989.", "title": "Parliament of Jordan" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States Senate elections of 1794 and 1795 were elections that had the formation of organized political parties in the United States, with the Federalist Party emerging from the Pro Administration coalition, and the Democratic-Republican Party emerging from the Anti-Administration coalition.", "title": "1794 and 1795 United States Senate elections" } ]	When was state of emergency declared in the country Milcah Chemos Cheywa is from?	20 October 1952	[]	Title: Tuberculosis Passage: The World Health Organization declared TB a "global health emergency" in 1993, and in 2006, the Stop TB Partnership developed a Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis that aims to save 14 million lives between its launch and 2015. A number of targets they have set are not likely to be achieved by 2015, mostly due to the increase in HIV-associated tuberculosis and the emergence of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis. A tuberculosis classification system developed by the American Thoracic Society is used primarily in public health programs. Title: Mau Mau Uprising Passage: Aside from military operations against Mau Mau fighters in the forests, the British attempt to defeat the movement broadly came in two stages: the first, relatively limited in scope, came during the period in which they had still failed to accept the seriousness of the revolt; the second came afterwards. During the first stage, the British tried to decapitate the movement by declaring a State of Emergency before arresting 180 alleged Mau Mau leaders (see Operation Jock Scott below) and subjecting six of them to a show trial (the Kapenguria Six); the second stage began in earnest in 1954, when they undertook a series of major economic, military and penal initiatives. Title: Declaration of war by the United States Passage: The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war. Title: John V. Creely Passage: John Vaudain Creely (November 14, 1839 – declared dead September 28, 1900) was an Independent Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania. He disappeared while serving in Congress and was later declared legally dead. Title: Milcah Chemos Cheywa Passage: Milcah Chemos Cheywa (born 24 February 1986 in Bugaa, Mount Elgon District) is a runner from Kenya who specialises in 3000 metres steeplechase. She is African record holder at the distance and is the gold medalist of the 2013 World Championships in Athletics. Title: Detroit Passage: In March 2013, Governor Rick Snyder declared a financial emergency in the city, stating that the city has a $327 million budget deficit and faces more than $14 billion in long-term debt. It has been making ends meet on a month-to-month basis with the help of bond money held in a state escrow account and has instituted mandatory unpaid days off for many city workers. Those troubles, along with underfunded city services, such as police and fire departments, and ineffective turnaround plans from Bing and the City Council led the state of Michigan to appoint an emergency manager for Detroit on March 14, 2013. On June 14, 2013 Detroit defaulted on $2.5 billion of debt by withholding $39.7 million in interest payments, while Emergency Manager Kevyn Orr met with bondholders and other creditors in an attempt to restructure the city's $18.5 billion debt and avoid bankruptcy. On July 18, 2013, the City of Detroit filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy protection. It was declared bankrupt by U.S. judge Stephen Rhodes on December 3, with its $18.5 billion debt he said in accepting the city's contention that it is broke and that negotiations with its thousands of creditors were infeasible. Title: United States House of Representatives Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations Passage: The Office of Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Operations (OEPPO) provides emergency planning and operational support to the United States House of Representatives. The Office was established by legislation in 2002, in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks to ensure continuity of operations. Title: Presidential Emergency Operations Center Passage: The Presidential Emergency Operations Center (PEOC) is a bunker - like structure that lies underground, beneath the East Wing of the White House and serves as a secure shelter and communications center for the President of the United States and other protectees in case of an emergency. Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty. On June 12, 1991, Boris Yeltsin was elected the first President. On December 8, 1991, heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its founder states (i.e. denunciation of 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the CIS. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Russian Parliament, therefore Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR. Title: Mau Mau Uprising Passage: On 20 October 1952, Governor Baring signed an order declaring a State of Emergency. Early the next morning, Operation Jock Scott was launched: the British carried out a mass - arrest of Jomo Kenyatta and 180 other alleged Mau Mau leaders within Nairobi. Jock Scott did not decapitate the movement's leadership as hoped, since news of the impending operation was leaked. Thus, while the moderates on the wanted list awaited capture, the real militants, such as Dedan Kimathi and Stanley Mathenge (both later principal leaders of Mau Mau's forest armies), fled to the forests. Title: Military history of the United States during World War II Passage: On 11 December 1941, Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, the same day that the United States declared war on Germany and Italy. Title: Parliament of Jordan Passage: As a developing constitutional monarchy, Jordan has survived the trials and tribulations of Middle Eastern politics. The Jordanian public has experienced limited democracy since gaining independence in 1946 however the population has not suffered as others have under dictatorships imposed by some Arab regimes. The 1952 Constitution provided for citizens of Jordan to form and join political parties. Such rights were suspended in 1967 when a state of emergency was declared and martial law and suspension of Parliament, continuing until it was repealed in 1989. Title: USS Howell Cobb (1861) Passage: USS "Howell Cobb" was a schooner acquired on an emergency temporary basis by the United States Navy from the United States Coast Survey for service during the American Civil War. She served as a cargo ship in Union Navy service. Title: Signing of the United States Declaration of Independence Passage: The signing of the United States Declaration of Independence occurred (primarily) on August 2, 1776 at the Pennsylvania State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The 56 delegates to the Second Continental Congress represented the 13 former colonies which had declared themselves the ``United States of America, ''and they endorsed the Declaration of Independence which the Congress had approved on July 4, 1776. The Declaration proclaimed that the Thirteen Colonies then at war with Great Britain were now sovereign states and thus no longer a part of the British Empire. The signers' names are grouped by state, with the exception of President of the Continental Congress John Hancock; the states are arranged geographically from north to south. Title: 1794 and 1795 United States Senate elections Passage: The United States Senate elections of 1794 and 1795 were elections that had the formation of organized political parties in the United States, with the Federalist Party emerging from the Pro Administration coalition, and the Democratic-Republican Party emerging from the Anti-Administration coalition. Title: Emergency management Passage: In the United States, all disasters are initially local, with local authorities, with usually a police, fire, or EMS agency, taking charge. Many local municipalities may also have a separate dedicated office of emergency management (OEM), along with personnel and equipment. If the event becomes overwhelming to the local government, state emergency management (the primary government structure of the United States) becomes the controlling emergency management agency. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), part of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), is the lead federal agency for emergency management. The United States and its territories are broken down into ten regions for FEMA's emergency management purposes. FEMA supports, but does not override, state authority. Title: Independence Day (United States) Passage: Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July or July Fourth, is a federal holiday in the United States commemorating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. The Continental Congress declared that the thirteen American colonies regarded themselves as a new nation, the United States of America, and were no longer part of the British Empire. The Congress actually voted to declare independence two days earlier, on July 2.	[ "Milcah Chemos Cheywa", "Mau Mau Uprising" ]
4hop3__164419_608613_5529_4107	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Until the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was commonly used to identify the country. As Canada acquired political authority and autonomy from the United Kingdom, the federal government began using simply Canada on state documents. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, which refers only to Canada. Later that year, the national holiday was renamed from Dominion Day to Canada Day. Section 4 of the 1867 BNA Act also declares that:", "title": "Name of Canada" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Whites (mainly of Afrikaner, German, British and Portuguese origin) make up between 4.0 and 7.0% of the population. Although their percentage of population is decreasing due to emigration and lower birth rates they still form the second-largest population of European ancestry, both in terms of percentage and actual numbers, in Sub-Saharan Africa (after South Africa). The majority of Namibian whites and nearly all those who are mixed race speak Afrikaans and share similar origins, culture, and religion as the white and coloured populations of South Africa. A large minority of whites (around 30,000) trace their family origins back to the German settlers who colonized Namibia prior to the British confiscation of German lands after World War One, and they maintain German cultural and educational institutions. Nearly all Portuguese settlers came to the country from the former Portuguese colony of Angola. The 1960 census reported 526,004 persons in what was then South-West Africa, including 73,464 whites (14%).", "title": "Namibia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "UNFPA provided aid to Peru's reproductive health program in the mid-to-late '90s. When it was discovered a Peruvian program had been engaged in carrying out coercive sterilizations, UNFPA called for reforms and protocols to protect the rights of women seeking assistance. UNFPA was not involved in the scandal, but continued work with the country after the abuses had become public to help end the abuses and reform laws and practices.", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The politics of Zhejiang is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in Mainland China. The Governor of Zhejiang is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Zhejiang. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor is subordinate to the Zhejiang Communist Party of China (CPC) Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the \"Zhejiang CPC Party Chief\".", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland.", "title": "Institute of technology" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Greco - Roman world, Greco - Roman culture, or the term Greco - Roman (/ ˌɡrikoʊˈroʊmən / or / ˌɡrɛkoʊˈroʊmən /); spelled Graeco - Roman in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth), when used as an adjective, as understood by modern scholars and writers, refers to those geographical regions and countries that culturally (and so historically) were directly, long - term, and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans. It is also better known as the Classical Civilisation. In exact terms the area refers to the ``Mediterranean world '', the extensive tracts of land centered on the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, the`` swimming - pool and spa'' of the Greeks and Romans, i.e. one wherein the cultural perceptions, ideas and sensitivities of these peoples were dominant.", "title": "Greco-Roman world" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL), and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees.", "title": "Institute of technology" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. \"We located the family planning offices, and in that family planning office, we located the UNFPA office, and we confirmed from family planning officials there that there is no distinction between what the UNFPA does and what the Chinese Family Planning Office does,\" said Scott Weinberg, a spokesman for PRI. However, United Nations Members disagreed and approved UNFPA’s new country program me in January 2006. The more than 130 members of the “Group of 77” developing countries in the United Nations expressed support for the UNFPA programmes. In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.”", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While the first reference to ``guising ''in North America occurs in 1911, another reference to ritual begging on Halloween appears, place unknown, in 1915, with a third reference in Chicago in 1920. The earliest known use in print of the term`` trick or treat'' appears in 1927, in the Blackie Herald Alberta, Canada.", "title": "Halloween" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (German for \"Eastphalia University of Applied Sciences\", known as Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel until 2009), is a Fachhochschule in eastern Lower Saxony, Germany. The predecessor of the college, Staatliche Ingenieurschule Wolfenbüttel (State Engineering School Wolfenbuettel), was founded in 1928. It merged with two other independent institutions in August 1971.", "title": "Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dispositif is a term used by the French intellectual Michel Foucault, generally to refer to the various institutional, physical, and administrative mechanisms and knowledge structures which enhance and maintain the exercise of power within the social body.", "title": "Dispositif" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Early Modern period (approximately late 15th century to 1800), the universities of Europe would see a tremendous amount of growth, productivity and innovative research. At the end of the Middle Ages, about 400 years after the first university was founded, there were twenty-nine universities spread throughout Europe. In the 15th century, twenty-eight new ones were created, with another eighteen added between 1500 and 1625. This pace continued until by the end of the 18th century there were approximately 143 universities in Europe and Eastern Europe, with the highest concentrations in the German Empire (34), Italian countries (26), France (25), and Spain (23) – this was close to a 500% increase over the number of universities toward the end of the Middle Ages. This number does not include the numerous universities that disappeared, or institutions that merged with other universities during this time. It should be noted that the identification of a university was not necessarily obvious during the Early Modern period, as the term is applied to a burgeoning number of institutions. In fact, the term \"university\" was not always used to designate a higher education institution. In Mediterranean countries, the term studium generale was still often used, while \"Academy\" was common in Northern European countries.", "title": "University" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Max Born Medal and Prize is a scientific prize awarded yearly by the German Physical Society (DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) in memory of the German physicist Max Born. The terms of the award are that it is \"to be presented for outstanding contributions to physics\". The award goes to physicists based in Germany and in the UK or Ireland in alternate years.", "title": "Max Born Medal and Prize" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs. The Fund works with governments and non-governmental organizations in over 150 countries with the support of the international community, supporting programs that help women, men and young people:", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Éric Losfeld (Mouscron, 1922 - Paris, 1979) was a Belgian-born French publisher who had a reputation for publishing controversial material with his publishing imprint Éditions Le Terrain Vague.", "title": "Éric Losfeld" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mouscron (; ) is one of the seven administrative arrondissements in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It is not a judicial arrondissement. Its municipalities are a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Tournai.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mouscron" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The use of the term iron curtain as a metaphor for strict separation goes back at least as far as the early 19th century. It originally referred to fireproof curtains in theaters. Although its popularity as a Cold War symbol is attributed to its use in a speech Winston Churchill gave in 5 March 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels had already used the term in reference to the Soviet Union.", "title": "Iron Curtain" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Polytechnic schools are distinct from academic universities in Finland. Ammattikorkeakoulu is the common term in Finland, as is the Swedish alternative \"yrkeshögskola\" – their focus is on studies leading to a degree (for instance insinööri, engineer; in international use, Bachelor of Engineering) in kind different from but in level comparable to an academic bachelor's degree awarded by a university. Since 2006 the polytechnics have offered studies leading to master's degrees (Master of Engineering). After January 1, 2006, some Finnish ammattikorkeakoulus switched the English term \"polytechnic\" to the term \"university of applied sciences\" in the English translations of their legal names. The ammattikorkeakoulu has many similarities to the hogeschool in Belgium and in the Netherlands and to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas.", "title": "Institute of technology" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In response, the EU decided to fill the gap left behind by the US under the Sandbaek report. According to its Annual Report for 2008, the UNFPA received its funding mainly from European Governments: Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark, $53 M by the UK, $52 M by Spain, $19 M by Luxembourg. The European Commission donated further $36 M. The most important non-European donor State was Japan ($36 M). The number of donors exceeded 180 in one year.", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations. In a letter from the Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Nicholas Burns to Congress, the administration said it had determined that UNFPA’s support for China’s population program “facilitates (its) government’s coercive abortion program”, thus violating the Kemp-Kasten Amendment, which bans the use of United States aid to finance organizations that support or take part in managing a program of coercive abortion of sterilization.", "title": "United Nations Population Fund" } ]	There is an arrondissement that is the birthplace of Éric Losfeld within country A. What term is used in country A and in the European country that contributed the most to the UNFPA in 2008 for an institution like a German Fachhochschule?	hogeschool	[]	Title: Institute of technology Passage: Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland. Title: Éric Losfeld Passage: Éric Losfeld (Mouscron, 1922 - Paris, 1979) was a Belgian-born French publisher who had a reputation for publishing controversial material with his publishing imprint Éditions Le Terrain Vague. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: UNFPA provided aid to Peru's reproductive health program in the mid-to-late '90s. When it was discovered a Peruvian program had been engaged in carrying out coercive sterilizations, UNFPA called for reforms and protocols to protect the rights of women seeking assistance. UNFPA was not involved in the scandal, but continued work with the country after the abuses had become public to help end the abuses and reform laws and practices. Title: Iron Curtain Passage: The use of the term iron curtain as a metaphor for strict separation goes back at least as far as the early 19th century. It originally referred to fireproof curtains in theaters. Although its popularity as a Cold War symbol is attributed to its use in a speech Winston Churchill gave in 5 March 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels had already used the term in reference to the Soviet Union. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. "We located the family planning offices, and in that family planning office, we located the UNFPA office, and we confirmed from family planning officials there that there is no distinction between what the UNFPA does and what the Chinese Family Planning Office does," said Scott Weinberg, a spokesman for PRI. However, United Nations Members disagreed and approved UNFPA’s new country program me in January 2006. The more than 130 members of the “Group of 77” developing countries in the United Nations expressed support for the UNFPA programmes. In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.” Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: From 2002 through 2008, the Bush Administration denied funding to UNFPA that had already been allocated by the US Congress, partly on the refuted claims that the UNFPA supported Chinese government programs which include forced abortions and coercive sterilizations. In a letter from the Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Nicholas Burns to Congress, the administration said it had determined that UNFPA’s support for China’s population program “facilitates (its) government’s coercive abortion program”, thus violating the Kemp-Kasten Amendment, which bans the use of United States aid to finance organizations that support or take part in managing a program of coercive abortion of sterilization. Title: Max Born Medal and Prize Passage: The Max Born Medal and Prize is a scientific prize awarded yearly by the German Physical Society (DPG) and the British Institute of Physics (IOP) in memory of the German physicist Max Born. The terms of the award are that it is "to be presented for outstanding contributions to physics". The award goes to physicists based in Germany and in the UK or Ireland in alternate years. Title: Halloween Passage: While the first reference to ``guising ''in North America occurs in 1911, another reference to ritual begging on Halloween appears, place unknown, in 1915, with a third reference in Chicago in 1920. The earliest known use in print of the term`` trick or treat'' appears in 1927, in the Blackie Herald Alberta, Canada. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs. The Fund works with governments and non-governmental organizations in over 150 countries with the support of the international community, supporting programs that help women, men and young people: Title: Institute of technology Passage: New Zealand polytechnics are established under the Education Act 1989 as amended, and are considered state-owned tertiary institutions along with universities, colleges of education, and wānanga; there is today often much crossover in courses and qualifications offered between all these types of Tertiary Education Institutions. Some have officially taken the title 'institute of technology' which is a term recognized in government strategies equal to that of the term 'polytechnic'. One has opted for the name 'Universal College of Learning' (UCOL), and another 'Unitec New Zealand'. These are legal names but not recognized terms like 'polytechnic' or 'institute of technology'. Many if not all now grant at least bachelor-level degrees. Title: Name of Canada Passage: Until the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was commonly used to identify the country. As Canada acquired political authority and autonomy from the United Kingdom, the federal government began using simply Canada on state documents. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, which refers only to Canada. Later that year, the national holiday was renamed from Dominion Day to Canada Day. Section 4 of the 1867 BNA Act also declares that: Title: Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences Passage: Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (German for "Eastphalia University of Applied Sciences", known as Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel until 2009), is a Fachhochschule in eastern Lower Saxony, Germany. The predecessor of the college, Staatliche Ingenieurschule Wolfenbüttel (State Engineering School Wolfenbuettel), was founded in 1928. It merged with two other independent institutions in August 1971. Title: Dispositif Passage: Dispositif is a term used by the French intellectual Michel Foucault, generally to refer to the various institutional, physical, and administrative mechanisms and knowledge structures which enhance and maintain the exercise of power within the social body. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: In response, the EU decided to fill the gap left behind by the US under the Sandbaek report. According to its Annual Report for 2008, the UNFPA received its funding mainly from European Governments: Of the total income of M845.3 M, $118 was donated by the Netherlands, $67 M by Sweden, $62 M by Norway, $54 M by Denmark, $53 M by the UK, $52 M by Spain, $19 M by Luxembourg. The European Commission donated further $36 M. The most important non-European donor State was Japan ($36 M). The number of donors exceeded 180 in one year. Title: Arrondissement of Mouscron Passage: The Arrondissement of Mouscron (; ) is one of the seven administrative arrondissements in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It is not a judicial arrondissement. Its municipalities are a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Tournai. Title: Greco-Roman world Passage: The Greco - Roman world, Greco - Roman culture, or the term Greco - Roman (/ ˌɡrikoʊˈroʊmən / or / ˌɡrɛkoʊˈroʊmən /); spelled Graeco - Roman in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth), when used as an adjective, as understood by modern scholars and writers, refers to those geographical regions and countries that culturally (and so historically) were directly, long - term, and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans. It is also better known as the Classical Civilisation. In exact terms the area refers to the ``Mediterranean world '', the extensive tracts of land centered on the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, the`` swimming - pool and spa'' of the Greeks and Romans, i.e. one wherein the cultural perceptions, ideas and sensitivities of these peoples were dominant. Title: Zhejiang Passage: The politics of Zhejiang is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in Mainland China. The Governor of Zhejiang is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Zhejiang. However, in the province's dual party-government governing system, the Governor is subordinate to the Zhejiang Communist Party of China (CPC) Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the "Zhejiang CPC Party Chief".	[ "Institute of technology", "Éric Losfeld", "Arrondissement of Mouscron", "United Nations Population Fund" ]
2hop__37497_92216	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Woolworth Building is an early American skyscraper located at 233 Broadway in Manhattan, New York City. Designed by architect Cass Gilbert, it was the tallest building in the world from 1913 to 1930, with a height of . More than a century after its construction, it remains one of the 100 tallest buildings in the United States as well as one of the 30 tallest buildings in New York City.", "title": "Woolworth Building" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Government of Canada Building is one of the tallest buildings in Moncton, New Brunswick. The building is 34 meters tall and has 9 floors. The building was constructed in 1977 and is located at 777 Main Street in downtown Moncton. It is mainly used as offices for the Government of Canada as well as various lawyers. The entire top floor of the building is occupied by offices for Freedom 55 Financial and the Quadrus Group both divisions of the London Life Insurance Company.", "title": "Government of Canada Building, Moncton" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The YPF tower is a corporate high-rise building designed by internationally recognized architect César Pelli constructed in the Puerto Madero \"barrio\" (district) of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Construction began in 2005, and the office building was completed in September 2008. The building is tall and has 44 floors. It was, upon completion in 2008, the tallest office building in Argentina, and the third tallest overall. The building is located on the corner of Macacha Güemes and Juana Manso streets, in the Puerto Madero ward.", "title": "Repsol-YPF tower" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "1717 Broadway is a skyscraper located in Manhattan, New York City, United States. At 750 feet high, it is the tallest hotel in North America. The building contains two hotels, the Courtyard New York Manhattan/Central Park and the Residence Inn New York Manhattan/Central Park, with a total of 639 rooms. The glass-clad building is located on the Northwest corner of 54th Street and Broadway.", "title": "1717 Broadway" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hyperion Tower (Korean: 하이페리온 타워), also known as the Mok-dong Hyperion Towers, is a group of three buildings located in the Yangcheon-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2003. The tallest of which, Tower A, is 69 storeys and 256 metres (840 feet) high, making it the second tallest building in Seoul and the world's 214th tallest building. The towers are used as residential housing. Tower A is the world's 19th tallest residential building. Below the building is the Hyundai Department store, a chain of high end department stores in South Korea. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest in the country but was surpassed by Samsung Tower Palace 3 – Tower G in 2004.", "title": "Hyperion Tower" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Salesforce Tower, formerly known as the Transbay Tower, is a 1,070 - foot (326 m) office skyscraper under construction in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. It is located at 415 Mission Street between First and Fremont Streets, next to the Transbay Transit Center site. Salesforce Tower is the centerpiece of the San Francisco Transbay redevelopment plan. The plan contains a mix of office, transportation, retail, and residential uses. When completed, the tower will be the tallest in San Francisco. With a top roof height of 970 feet (296 m) and an overall height of 1,070 feet (326 m), it will be the second - tallest building west of the Mississippi River after the Wilshire Grand Center in Los Angeles.", "title": "Salesforce Tower" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hoftoren (, \"Court Tower\"), nicknamed \"De Vulpen\" (, \"The Fountain Pen\") is a 29-storey, building in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the third-tallest building in the city, and the eighth-tallest in the country. The Hoftoren was designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) in New York City, and built by Heijmans Bouw BV, and is home to the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science and the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (Netherlands) (the latter having taken up temporary residence in the Hoftoren in 2012) of the Netherlands.", "title": "Hoftoren" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct.", "title": "Eiffel Tower" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Breetsky was the third building, which was surpassed by Tokyo in 1987.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One Washington Park is a high rise office building located on Washington Park at 1 Washington Street in Newark, New Jersey. Among the tallest buildings in the city, it is best known as the home of Rutgers Business School and Amazon's Audible.com.", "title": "One Washington Park" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kitahama is a residential building in Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. Rising 209m tall, it is the fourth tallest building in Osaka Prefecture, and the 22nd tallest building in Japan. It is also the tallest residential building in Japan. The closest train station to it is Kitahama Station.", "title": "The Kitahama" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chen was an employee at PayPal, where he first met Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim. Chen was also an early employee at Facebook, although he left after several months to start YouTube.In 2005, Chad Hurley, Jawed Karim and Chen founded YouTube, with Chen having the position of chief technology officer. In June 2006, Chen was named by Business 2.0 as one of \"The 50 people who matter now\" in business.On October 16, 2006, Chen and Hurley sold YouTube to Google, Inc. for $1.65 billion. Chen received 625,366 shares of Google and an additional 68,721 in a trust as part of the sale. As of 2018, the Google shares are valued at $729 million.He and Hurley started AVOS Systems which acquired Delicious from Yahoo! Inc.", "title": "Steve Chen" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "First Canadian Place (originally First Bank Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Toronto, Ontario, at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, and serves as the global operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal. At , it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the 15th tallest building in North America to structural top (spires) and 9th highest to the roof top, and the 105th tallest in the world. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after the CN Tower (also in Toronto) and the Inco Superstack chimney in Sudbury, Ontario. The building is owned by Brookfield Office Properties, putting it in co-ownership with the neighbouring Exchange Tower and Bay Adelaide Centre as well as various other office spaces across Downtown Toronto.", "title": "First Canadian Place" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second - tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct.", "title": "Eiffel Tower" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Melbourne's CBD, compared with other Australian cities, has comparatively unrestricted height limits and as a result of waves of post-war development contains five of the six tallest buildings in Australia, the tallest of which is the Eureka Tower, situated in Southbank. It has an observation deck near the top from where you can see above all of Melbourne's structures. The Rialto tower, the city's second tallest, remains the tallest building in the old CBD; its observation deck for visitors has recently closed.", "title": "Melbourne" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pinnacle Apartments is the tallest building in Newcastle, New South Wales, in Australia. The 16 storey apartment building, located at 741 Hunter Street, is 45 metres high and was constructed between 2005 and 2008. The $30 million project, developed by John Waterhouse, opened in April 2009 as The Pinnacle with 74 units, including 40 hotel units for the Grand Mercure hotel. In February 2012, McGrathNicol were appointed as receivers and managers of Newcastle Pinnacle Apartments development company, with closure of the Grand Mercure Apartments expected soon after.", "title": "Pinnacle Apartments" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "3300 North Central Avenue (also known as 3300 Tower) is a high-rise located along Central Avenue in Uptown Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The tower rises 27 floors and in height. Designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, 3300 North Central Avenue was built in 1980. Upon completion, it stood as the fourth-tallest building in Phoenix and the tallest building outside of Downtown Phoenix. Today, it stands as the 12th-tallest building in the city.", "title": "3300 North Central Avenue" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco. Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party \"was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible\".", "title": "YouTube" } ]	What is the new tallest building where Chen lived in 2005?	Salesforce Tower	[ "Transbay Tower" ]	Title: Government of Canada Building, Moncton Passage: The Government of Canada Building is one of the tallest buildings in Moncton, New Brunswick. The building is 34 meters tall and has 9 floors. The building was constructed in 1977 and is located at 777 Main Street in downtown Moncton. It is mainly used as offices for the Government of Canada as well as various lawyers. The entire top floor of the building is occupied by offices for Freedom 55 Financial and the Quadrus Group both divisions of the London Life Insurance Company. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Breetsky was the third building, which was surpassed by Tokyo in 1987. Title: 1717 Broadway Passage: 1717 Broadway is a skyscraper located in Manhattan, New York City, United States. At 750 feet high, it is the tallest hotel in North America. The building contains two hotels, the Courtyard New York Manhattan/Central Park and the Residence Inn New York Manhattan/Central Park, with a total of 639 rooms. The glass-clad building is located on the Northwest corner of 54th Street and Broadway. Title: Hoftoren Passage: The Hoftoren (, "Court Tower"), nicknamed "De Vulpen" (, "The Fountain Pen") is a 29-storey, building in The Hague, Netherlands. It is the third-tallest building in the city, and the eighth-tallest in the country. The Hoftoren was designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) in New York City, and built by Heijmans Bouw BV, and is home to the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science and the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (Netherlands) (the latter having taken up temporary residence in the Hoftoren in 2012) of the Netherlands. Title: The Kitahama Passage: The Kitahama is a residential building in Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. Rising 209m tall, it is the fourth tallest building in Osaka Prefecture, and the 22nd tallest building in Japan. It is also the tallest residential building in Japan. The closest train station to it is Kitahama Station. Title: First Canadian Place Passage: First Canadian Place (originally First Bank Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Toronto, Ontario, at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, and serves as the global operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal. At , it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the 15th tallest building in North America to structural top (spires) and 9th highest to the roof top, and the 105th tallest in the world. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after the CN Tower (also in Toronto) and the Inco Superstack chimney in Sudbury, Ontario. The building is owned by Brookfield Office Properties, putting it in co-ownership with the neighbouring Exchange Tower and Bay Adelaide Centre as well as various other office spaces across Downtown Toronto. Title: Eiffel Tower Passage: The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. Title: Hyperion Tower Passage: The Hyperion Tower (Korean: 하이페리온 타워), also known as the Mok-dong Hyperion Towers, is a group of three buildings located in the Yangcheon-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2003. The tallest of which, Tower A, is 69 storeys and 256 metres (840 feet) high, making it the second tallest building in Seoul and the world's 214th tallest building. The towers are used as residential housing. Tower A is the world's 19th tallest residential building. Below the building is the Hyundai Department store, a chain of high end department stores in South Korea. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest in the country but was surpassed by Samsung Tower Palace 3 – Tower G in 2004. Title: 3300 North Central Avenue Passage: 3300 North Central Avenue (also known as 3300 Tower) is a high-rise located along Central Avenue in Uptown Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The tower rises 27 floors and in height. Designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, 3300 North Central Avenue was built in 1980. Upon completion, it stood as the fourth-tallest building in Phoenix and the tallest building outside of Downtown Phoenix. Today, it stands as the 12th-tallest building in the city. Title: Eiffel Tower Passage: The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second - tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. Title: Salesforce Tower Passage: Salesforce Tower, formerly known as the Transbay Tower, is a 1,070 - foot (326 m) office skyscraper under construction in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. It is located at 415 Mission Street between First and Fremont Streets, next to the Transbay Transit Center site. Salesforce Tower is the centerpiece of the San Francisco Transbay redevelopment plan. The plan contains a mix of office, transportation, retail, and residential uses. When completed, the tower will be the tallest in San Francisco. With a top roof height of 970 feet (296 m) and an overall height of 1,070 feet (326 m), it will be the second - tallest building west of the Mississippi River after the Wilshire Grand Center in Los Angeles. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Title: Woolworth Building Passage: The Woolworth Building is an early American skyscraper located at 233 Broadway in Manhattan, New York City. Designed by architect Cass Gilbert, it was the tallest building in the world from 1913 to 1930, with a height of . More than a century after its construction, it remains one of the 100 tallest buildings in the United States as well as one of the 30 tallest buildings in New York City. Title: YouTube Passage: According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco. Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party "was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible". Title: Melbourne Passage: Melbourne's CBD, compared with other Australian cities, has comparatively unrestricted height limits and as a result of waves of post-war development contains five of the six tallest buildings in Australia, the tallest of which is the Eureka Tower, situated in Southbank. It has an observation deck near the top from where you can see above all of Melbourne's structures. The Rialto tower, the city's second tallest, remains the tallest building in the old CBD; its observation deck for visitors has recently closed. Title: Pinnacle Apartments Passage: The Pinnacle Apartments is the tallest building in Newcastle, New South Wales, in Australia. The 16 storey apartment building, located at 741 Hunter Street, is 45 metres high and was constructed between 2005 and 2008. The $30 million project, developed by John Waterhouse, opened in April 2009 as The Pinnacle with 74 units, including 40 hotel units for the Grand Mercure hotel. In February 2012, McGrathNicol were appointed as receivers and managers of Newcastle Pinnacle Apartments development company, with closure of the Grand Mercure Apartments expected soon after. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.	[ "Salesforce Tower", "YouTube" ]
2hop__601326_2998	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kalwi & Remi are a Polish DJ duo formed in 2003, performing electronic dance music. They rose to fame in 2006 when their song \"Explosion\" became an international club hit. The duo have performed in venues across Europe and the US, and collaborated with Judge Jules, Amanda Wilson, John Christian, Afrika Islam, and the Ministry of Sound, among others. Their other hits include \"Imagination\", \"Stop (Falling Down)\", \"Kiss\", \"Girls\", \"You and I\", and \"Unbreakable\".", "title": "Kalwi & Remi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Bobby's Girl ''is a song and single written by Gary Klein and Henry Hoffman and performed by American teenage singer, Marcie Blane.", "title": "Bobby's Girl (song)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.", "title": "America's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Forever Plaid: The Movie (aka Forever Plaid 20th Anniversary Special) is a 2008 American musical film, a recording of a live performance of a revival to the 1990 off-Broadway musical comedy Forever Plaid. Directed and written by Stuart Ross, this film was released on July 9, 2009. The film's running time is 90 minutes, and was filmed at CBS Columbia Square, in Los Angeles.", "title": "Forever Plaid: The Movie" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote.", "title": "Britain's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Road Trip is the second and final album from American girl group Girl Authority. Unlike the first album, \"Road Trip\" is a mixture of cover songs and original songs performed by Girl Authority. \"Road Trip\" is also featured with a DVD, documenting a behind the scenes glance into the production of the album and the girls.", "title": "Road Trip (Girl Authority album)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Riley, Maya, Lucas, and Farkle start their first day of the eighth grade at John Quincy Adams Middle School. After the girls startle their new teacher Mr. Martinez, he quits and Cory replaces him. Riley and Maya then decide to transfer classes, but their new history teacher is very strict and separates the girls. Not only that, but they notice four kids in the class look and act just like Riley, Maya, Lucas, and even Farkle. The girls later transfer back to Cory's classroom and restore normalcy. However, the girls are devastated because their parents are always ``circling ''around them like planets. Riley has been talking about the Sun, Earth and the Earth's orbit throughout the episode, and in the end, it is revealed Mrs. Svorski, the former owner of the bakery, has died and Riley was speaking at her funeral. Cory later calls Mr. Feeny and is relieved to know he is still there.", "title": "List of Girl Meets World episodes" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Opposites Attract\" is a song recorded by Paula Abdul, featured on her debut album \"Forever Your Girl\". It was written and produced by Oliver Leiber. Vocals on the song, in addition to Abdul, were provided by Bruce DeShazer and Marv Gunn, also known as The Wild Pair. \"Opposites Attract\" was the sixth and final single from the album, and achieved success in many countries, including the United States, Canada and Australia, where it was a number-one hit.", "title": "Opposites Attract" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Forever in Blue: The Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood (also known as Forever in Blue) is the fourth novel in Ann Brashares's acclaimed \"Sisterhood\" series. The story concludes the adventures of four girls who share a pair of \"magical\" pants that fit each one of them perfectly, despite their vastly different shapes and sizes. This is the fourth book in \"The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants\" series and was considered the last until Brashares published a fifth book in 2011. It was released on January 9, 2007.", "title": "Forever in Blue: The Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Wanna Be the Only One ''is a song by British R&B girl group Eternal. It was the third single released from their album Before the Rain. Topping the UK Singles Chart, the release became the group's third collaboration with BeBe Winans, who produced 1994's`` Crazy'' (from Always & Forever) and 1995's ``It Will Never End ''(from Power of a Woman).", "title": "I Wanna Be the Only One" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belvoir Terrace is a performing arts summer camp for girls near Lenox, Massachusetts, US. The camp is used by girls to expand their abilities in theatre, art, music, and dance.", "title": "Belvoir Terrace Summer Camp" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the leasing and operation of a modest nickelodeon house in 1909, Balaban oversaw the commission and design of Chicago's great movie palaces for the Balaban & Katz (B&K) exhibition chain, integrated live performers into themed stage extravaganzas with full orchestras and forever changing vaudeville, and inspired numerous and novel ideas for theatre management.", "title": "A. J. Balaban" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Little Miss Perfect\" is an American reality television series that follows girls in the same beauty pageant each week. The pageant is hosted by Michael Galanes with judges Deedy Melanson, Nyahsha Zimucha, David Gilbert, and sometimes Janet McCullogh.", "title": "Little Miss Perfect" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Voorgoed voorbij\" (\"Over forever\") was the second Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1956 (the only Contest where competing countries were permitted to enter two songs). The song was written by Jelle de Vries and performed in Dutch by Corry Brokken.", "title": "Voorgoed voorbij" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Further Seems Forever is an American rock band formed in 1998 in Pompano Beach, Florida. Over its initial eight-year run the band experienced several lineup changes, resulting in a different lead vocalist performing on each of their first three studio albums. Original singer Chris Carrabba recorded \"The Moon Is Down\" (2001) with the group before leaving to start Dashboard Confessional. He was replaced by Jason Gleason, who performed on \"How to Start a Fire\" (2003) but left the band the following year. Former Sense Field vocalist Jon Bunch joined Further Seems Forever for \"Hide Nothing\" (2004). The band broke up in 2006 but reunited four years later with Carrabba on vocals. Their fourth studio album, \"Penny Black\", was released in 2012.", "title": "Further Seems Forever" } ]	When did the performer of Forever Your Girl quit as a judge?	before season nine	[]	Title: Bobby's Girl (song) Passage: ``Bobby's Girl ''is a song and single written by Gary Klein and Henry Hoffman and performed by American teenage singer, Marcie Blane. Title: American Idol Passage: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons. Title: America's Got Talent Passage: The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance. Title: Kalwi & Remi Passage: Kalwi & Remi are a Polish DJ duo formed in 2003, performing electronic dance music. They rose to fame in 2006 when their song "Explosion" became an international club hit. The duo have performed in venues across Europe and the US, and collaborated with Judge Jules, Amanda Wilson, John Christian, Afrika Islam, and the Ministry of Sound, among others. Their other hits include "Imagination", "Stop (Falling Down)", "Kiss", "Girls", "You and I", and "Unbreakable". Title: Further Seems Forever Passage: Further Seems Forever is an American rock band formed in 1998 in Pompano Beach, Florida. Over its initial eight-year run the band experienced several lineup changes, resulting in a different lead vocalist performing on each of their first three studio albums. Original singer Chris Carrabba recorded "The Moon Is Down" (2001) with the group before leaving to start Dashboard Confessional. He was replaced by Jason Gleason, who performed on "How to Start a Fire" (2003) but left the band the following year. Former Sense Field vocalist Jon Bunch joined Further Seems Forever for "Hide Nothing" (2004). The band broke up in 2006 but reunited four years later with Carrabba on vocals. Their fourth studio album, "Penny Black", was released in 2012. Title: American Idol Passage: Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen. Title: A. J. Balaban Passage: Following the leasing and operation of a modest nickelodeon house in 1909, Balaban oversaw the commission and design of Chicago's great movie palaces for the Balaban & Katz (B&K) exhibition chain, integrated live performers into themed stage extravaganzas with full orchestras and forever changing vaudeville, and inspired numerous and novel ideas for theatre management. Title: I Wanna Be the Only One Passage: ``I Wanna Be the Only One ''is a song by British R&B girl group Eternal. It was the third single released from their album Before the Rain. Topping the UK Singles Chart, the release became the group's third collaboration with BeBe Winans, who produced 1994's`` Crazy'' (from Always & Forever) and 1995's ``It Will Never End ''(from Power of a Woman). Title: Forever in Blue: The Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood Passage: Forever in Blue: The Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood (also known as Forever in Blue) is the fourth novel in Ann Brashares's acclaimed "Sisterhood" series. The story concludes the adventures of four girls who share a pair of "magical" pants that fit each one of them perfectly, despite their vastly different shapes and sizes. This is the fourth book in "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants" series and was considered the last until Brashares published a fifth book in 2011. It was released on January 9, 2007. Title: Opposites Attract Passage: "Opposites Attract" is a song recorded by Paula Abdul, featured on her debut album "Forever Your Girl". It was written and produced by Oliver Leiber. Vocals on the song, in addition to Abdul, were provided by Bruce DeShazer and Marv Gunn, also known as The Wild Pair. "Opposites Attract" was the sixth and final single from the album, and achieved success in many countries, including the United States, Canada and Australia, where it was a number-one hit. Title: Forever Plaid: The Movie Passage: Forever Plaid: The Movie (aka Forever Plaid 20th Anniversary Special) is a 2008 American musical film, a recording of a live performance of a revival to the 1990 off-Broadway musical comedy Forever Plaid. Directed and written by Stuart Ross, this film was released on July 9, 2009. The film's running time is 90 minutes, and was filmed at CBS Columbia Square, in Los Angeles. Title: American Idol Passage: This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night. Title: Britain's Got Talent Passage: Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote. Title: American Idol Passage: The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's "Natural Woman", and Betty Hutton's "Stuff Like That There", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002. Title: Belvoir Terrace Summer Camp Passage: Belvoir Terrace is a performing arts summer camp for girls near Lenox, Massachusetts, US. The camp is used by girls to expand their abilities in theatre, art, music, and dance. Title: Little Miss Perfect Passage: "Little Miss Perfect" is an American reality television series that follows girls in the same beauty pageant each week. The pageant is hosted by Michael Galanes with judges Deedy Melanson, Nyahsha Zimucha, David Gilbert, and sometimes Janet McCullogh. Title: Road Trip (Girl Authority album) Passage: Road Trip is the second and final album from American girl group Girl Authority. Unlike the first album, "Road Trip" is a mixture of cover songs and original songs performed by Girl Authority. "Road Trip" is also featured with a DVD, documenting a behind the scenes glance into the production of the album and the girls.	[ "American Idol", "Opposites Attract" ]
2hop__614641_68172	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics", "title": "Kabaddi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mirsad \"Michi\" Halilović (born 4 September 1983) is a German skeleton racer of Bosnian origin who has competed since 2001. His first World Cup victory was at a men's event at Altenberg in December 2009.", "title": "Michi Halilović" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games.", "title": "Curling at the Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "title": "Olympic Games" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guilherme Paraense (25 June 1884 – 18 April 1968) was a Brazilian sport shooter and Olympic Champion. He was the first Brazilian to win an Olympic gold medal.", "title": "Guilherme Paraense" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career.", "title": "New South Wales Institute of Sport" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests.", "title": "Volleyball at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Claude Michy, born 3 April 1949 in Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme), is the President of the Clermontois football club Clermont Foot Auvergne 63, since 2005. He is also the creator and president of PHA Claude Michy Manager since 1994, and organises numerous sporting events, including motor races such as the French motorcycle Grand Prix.", "title": "Claude Michy" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton.", "title": "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics.", "title": "Harry Buck" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Yury Nikandrov" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games.", "title": "Figure skating at the Olympic Games" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre.", "title": "Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Josef Sucharda" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling.", "title": "Kila Raipur Sports Festival" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first organized meeting of the sport took place in 1883 in Switzerland. In 1913, the Internationale Schlittensportverband or International Sled Sports Federation was founded in Dresden, Germany. This body governed the sport until 1935, when it was incorporated in the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT, International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation). After it had been decided that luge would replace the sport of skeleton at the Olympic Games, the first World Championships in the sport were held in 1955 in Oslo (Norway). In 1957, the Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course (FIL, International Luge Federation) was founded. Luge events were first included in the Olympic Winter Games in 1964.", "title": "Luge" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements.", "title": "Badminton" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.", "title": "Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics" } ]	When did Michi Halilovic's sport become an Olympic sport?	1928	[]	Title: Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium Passage: The Nanjing Olympic Sports Center Gymnasium (Simplified Chinese: 南京奥林匹克体育中心体育馆) is an indoor arena in Nanjing, China. The arena used mainly for indoor sports such as basketball and figure skating. The facility has a capacity of 13,000 people and was opened in 2005. It is located near Nanjing Olympic Sports Centre. Title: Josef Sucharda Passage: Josef Sucharda (18 April 1883 – 19 January 1963) was a Czech sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and the 1924 Summer Olympics. Title: Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics Passage: Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona. Title: Guilherme Paraense Passage: Guilherme Paraense (25 June 1884 – 18 April 1968) was a Brazilian sport shooter and Olympic Champion. He was the first Brazilian to win an Olympic gold medal. Title: Skeleton at the Winter Olympics Passage: Skeleton is a winter sport featured in the Winter Olympics where the competitor rides head - first and prone (lying face down) on a flat sled. It is normally run on an ice track that allows the sled to gain speed by gravity. It was first contested at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and again in 1948 Winter Olympics, after which it was discontinued as an Olympic sport. Skeleton was reintroduced at the 2002 Winter Olympics, with both men's and women's events, and has been held in each Winter Olympic competition since. Skeleton is so - named as the first metal sleds introduced in 1892 were said to resemble a human skeleton. Title: Nanjing Passage: In 2005, in order to host The 10th National Game of People's Republic of China, there was a new stadium, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center, constructed in Nanjing. Compared to Wutaishan Sports Center, which the major stadium's capacity is 18,500, Nanjing Olympic Sports Center has a more advanced stadium which is big enough to seat 60,000 spectators. Its gymnasium has capacity of 13,000, and natatorium of capacity 3,000. Title: Claude Michy Passage: Claude Michy, born 3 April 1949 in Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme), is the President of the Clermontois football club Clermont Foot Auvergne 63, since 2005. He is also the creator and president of PHA Claude Michy Manager since 1994, and organises numerous sporting events, including motor races such as the French motorcycle Grand Prix. Title: Yury Nikandrov Passage: Yury Nikandrov (22 November 1923 – 21 December 2018) was a Russian sport shooter who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics, in the 1956 Summer Olympics, and in the 1960 Summer Olympics. Title: Volleyball at the Summer Olympics Passage: The history of Olympic volleyball can be traced back to the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris, where volleyball was played as part of an American sports demonstration event. Its addition to the Olympic program, however, was given only after World War II, with the foundation of the FIVB and of some of the continental confederations. In 1957, a special tournament was held during the 53rd IOC session in Sofia, Bulgaria, to support such request. The competition was a success, and the sport was officially introduced in 1964. The Olympic Committee initially dropped volleyball for the 1968 Olympics, meeting protests. Title: Nanjing Passage: There are two major sports centers in Nanjing, Wutaishan Sports Center and Nanjing Olympic Sports Center. Both of these two are comprehensive sports centers, including stadium, gymnasium, natatorium, tennis court, etc. Wutaishan Sports Center was established in 1952 and it was one of the oldest and most advanced stadiums in early time of People's Republic of China. Title: New South Wales Institute of Sport Passage: The New South Wales Institute of Sport (NSWIS), located at Sydney Olympic Park, was established as a statutory body under the Institute of Sport Act, 1995, following a review recommending central coordination and monitoring of high performance sports programs. Operations officially commenced in 1996. Today, the Institute has almost 700 athletes on squad or individual scholarships and offers 31 sport programs across 24 sports. The services ensure that NSWIS athletes have access to coaching and sports technology while also receiving tailored support to help balance their sporting commitments with personal development and a career. Title: Kila Raipur Sports Festival Passage: Kila Raipur Sports Festival, popularly known as the Rural Olympics, is held annually in Kila Raipur (near Ludhiana), in Punjab, India. Competitions are held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, athletic events and rope pulling. Title: Figure skating at the Olympic Games Passage: Figure skating was first contested in the Olympic Games at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Since 1924, the sport has been a part of the Winter Olympic Games. Title: Harry Buck Passage: Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics. Title: Badminton Passage: The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions dominated by China. Since 1992, badminton has been a Summer Olympic sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, and women's doubles, with mixed doubles added four years later. At high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development of sophisticated racquet movements. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics Title: Michi Halilović Passage: Mirsad "Michi" Halilović (born 4 September 1983) is a German skeleton racer of Bosnian origin who has competed since 2001. His first World Cup victory was at a men's event at Altenberg in December 2009.	[ "Michi Halilović", "Skeleton at the Winter Olympics" ]
2hop__798048_60047	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trent Reznor -- lyrics, performance, and production Atticus Ross -- production Thavius Beck -- production on ``Tardusted ''and`` OpalHeartClinic_Niggy_Tardust! (Escaped...'' remixes Saul Williams -- backing vocals", "title": "Survivalism (song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"War\" is a single by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, released in 1998. It was featured on \"Small Soldiers\" and on the 1998 collection album \"The Collection Volume One\". The song is performed by members Layzie, Flesh, and Wish, and also features Henry Rollins, Tom Morello and Flea.", "title": "War (Bone Thugs-n-Harmony song)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Martin Luther, who initiated the Protestant Reformation, said: \"Mother Mary, like us, was born in sin of sinful parents, but the Holy Spirit covered her, sanctified and purified her so that this child was born of flesh and blood, but not with sinful flesh and blood. The Holy Spirit permitted the Virgin Mary to remain a true, natural human being of flesh and blood, just as we. However, he warded off sin from her flesh and blood so that she became the mother of a pure child, not poisoned by sin as we are. For in that moment when she conceived, she was a holy mother filled with the Holy Spirit and her fruit is a holy pure fruit, at once God and truly man, in one person.\" Some Lutherans, such as the members of the Anglo-Lutheran Catholic Church, support the doctrine.", "title": "Immaculate Conception" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Call of the Flesh is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical film directed by Charles Brabin. The film stars Ramon Novarro, Dorothy Jordan, and Renée Adorée. It featured several songs performed by Novarro and originally included a sequence photographed in Technicolor.", "title": "Call of the Flesh" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Performance by a Chorus was awarded in 1969 (as Best Contemporary Pop Performance, Chorus) and in 1970. In some years, the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal also included performances by a chorus.", "title": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Performance by a Chorus" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Rip It Up ''Single by Orange Juice from the album Rip It Up B - side`` Snake Charmer'' ``A Sad Lament ''Released February 1983 Format 7'' 12 ''Recorded Berwick Street Studios, London Genre Post-punk Label Polydor Songwriter (s) Edwyn Collins Producer (s) Martin Hayles Orange Juice singles chronology`` I Ca n't Help Myself'' (1982) ``Rip It Up ''(1983)`` Flesh of My Flesh'' (1983) ``I Ca n't Help Myself ''(1982)`` Rip It Up'' (1983) ``Flesh of My Flesh ''(1983)", "title": "Rip It Up (Orange Juice song)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Shocker is an American punk rock band, featuring former L7 bassist Jennifer Finch performing vocals. The band also includes lead and rhythm guitarists, drums, and bass.", "title": "The Shocker (band)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards. According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo performance pop recordings (vocal or instrumental) and is limited to singles or tracks only.", "title": "Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Give a Little\" is the second single written and performed by American pop/rock band Hanson from their fifth studio album \"Shout It Out\". Lead vocals are provided by Taylor Hanson, with Isaac Hanson and Zac Hanson as backing vocals.", "title": "Give a Little" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Satellite was an American rock band based in Oakland, California. Formed in 1983, the band consisted of Monty Byrom (guitar, vocals, keyboards), Danny Chauncey (guitar, keyboards), Ira Walker (bass), and Tom \"Fee\" Falletti (drums). They are perhaps best known for composing and performing the original version of \"I Wanna Go Back,\" which would later become a big hit for Eddie Money. It was also covered by Gregg Rolie on his 1985 self-titled release.", "title": "Billy Satellite" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Human Flesh\" is the first episode of the animated television series \"Bob's Burgers\". \"Human Flesh\" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 9, 2011.", "title": "Human Flesh" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 45 RPM version has been reissued on the Playlist: The Very Best of Eddie Money compilation CD. The guitar solo was performed by Jimmy Lyon.", "title": "Two Tickets to Paradise" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"In the Flesh\" (working title \"The Show\") is a song by English progressive rock band Pink Floyd. It appears on their 1979 album \"The Wall\".", "title": "In the Flesh (Pink Floyd song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Flesh Color (French: Couleur Chair) is a 35 mm film by François Weyergans (Prix Goncourt 2005). Weyergans is one of the forty members known as immortals of the French Academy (L'Académie française). It features a band called Flesh Colour formed in 1976 in Brussels-Capital.", "title": "Flesh Color" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Academy Award for Best Actor The 2018 recipient: Gary Oldman Awarded for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role Country United States Presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) First awarded Emil Jannings The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh 1929 (for performance in films released during the 1927 / 1928 film season) Currently held by Gary Oldman Darkest Hour (2017) Website oscars.org", "title": "Academy Award for Best Actor" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nils Frykdahl is an American musician most known for his work with the bands Sleepytime Gorilla Museum and Idiot Flesh. He is also a member of the bands Free Salamander Exhibit, Faun Fables, and Darling Freakhead, and used to be a member of Charming Hostess. Along with bandmates Carla Kihlstedt and Dan Rathbun, Frykdahl is active with the performance company Ink Boat. He is also the voice of Tigtone in the 2014 animated short, \"The Begun of Tigtone\".", "title": "Nils Frykdahl" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal was awarded between 1970 and 2011. From 1967 to 1969 and in 1971 the award included instrumental performances. The award had several minor name changes:", "title": "Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Flesh Feast (released in 1970, though shot in 1967) is an American horror film that features Veronica Lake in her final screen performance.", "title": "Flesh Feast (film)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "David Gilmour -- lead vocals, electric guitars Roger Waters -- bass guitar, tape effects Richard Wright -- Wurlitzer electric piano (with wah - wah pedal) Nick Mason -- drums, tape effects", "title": "Money (Pink Floyd song)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amanda Jo Abizaid is an American Lebanese singer / songwriter best known for her vocal performance on the theme song of the US TV series The 4400.", "title": "Amanda Abizaid" } ]	Who sings on Money, by the performer of In the Flesh?	David Gilmour	[]	Title: Flesh Feast (film) Passage: Flesh Feast (released in 1970, though shot in 1967) is an American horror film that features Veronica Lake in her final screen performance. Title: Two Tickets to Paradise Passage: The 45 RPM version has been reissued on the Playlist: The Very Best of Eddie Money compilation CD. The guitar solo was performed by Jimmy Lyon. Title: Billy Satellite Passage: Billy Satellite was an American rock band based in Oakland, California. Formed in 1983, the band consisted of Monty Byrom (guitar, vocals, keyboards), Danny Chauncey (guitar, keyboards), Ira Walker (bass), and Tom "Fee" Falletti (drums). They are perhaps best known for composing and performing the original version of "I Wanna Go Back," which would later become a big hit for Eddie Money. It was also covered by Gregg Rolie on his 1985 self-titled release. Title: Academy Award for Best Actor Passage: Academy Award for Best Actor The 2018 recipient: Gary Oldman Awarded for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role Country United States Presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) First awarded Emil Jannings The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh 1929 (for performance in films released during the 1927 / 1928 film season) Currently held by Gary Oldman Darkest Hour (2017) Website oscars.org Title: Nils Frykdahl Passage: Nils Frykdahl is an American musician most known for his work with the bands Sleepytime Gorilla Museum and Idiot Flesh. He is also a member of the bands Free Salamander Exhibit, Faun Fables, and Darling Freakhead, and used to be a member of Charming Hostess. Along with bandmates Carla Kihlstedt and Dan Rathbun, Frykdahl is active with the performance company Ink Boat. He is also the voice of Tigtone in the 2014 animated short, "The Begun of Tigtone". Title: Amanda Abizaid Passage: Amanda Jo Abizaid is an American Lebanese singer / songwriter best known for her vocal performance on the theme song of the US TV series The 4400. Title: Rip It Up (Orange Juice song) Passage: ``Rip It Up ''Single by Orange Juice from the album Rip It Up B - side`` Snake Charmer'' ``A Sad Lament ''Released February 1983 Format 7'' 12 ''Recorded Berwick Street Studios, London Genre Post-punk Label Polydor Songwriter (s) Edwyn Collins Producer (s) Martin Hayles Orange Juice singles chronology`` I Ca n't Help Myself'' (1982) ``Rip It Up ''(1983)`` Flesh of My Flesh'' (1983) ``I Ca n't Help Myself ''(1982)`` Rip It Up'' (1983) ``Flesh of My Flesh ''(1983) Title: Flesh Color Passage: Flesh Color (French: Couleur Chair) is a 35 mm film by François Weyergans (Prix Goncourt 2005). Weyergans is one of the forty members known as immortals of the French Academy (L'Académie française). It features a band called Flesh Colour formed in 1976 in Brussels-Capital. Title: Human Flesh Passage: "Human Flesh" is the first episode of the animated television series "Bob's Burgers". "Human Flesh" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on January 9, 2011. Title: Call of the Flesh Passage: Call of the Flesh is a 1930 American Pre-Code musical film directed by Charles Brabin. The film stars Ramon Novarro, Dorothy Jordan, and Renée Adorée. It featured several songs performed by Novarro and originally included a sequence photographed in Technicolor. Title: Survivalism (song) Passage: Trent Reznor -- lyrics, performance, and production Atticus Ross -- production Thavius Beck -- production on ``Tardusted ''and`` OpalHeartClinic_Niggy_Tardust! (Escaped...'' remixes Saul Williams -- backing vocals Title: Money (Pink Floyd song) Passage: David Gilmour -- lead vocals, electric guitars Roger Waters -- bass guitar, tape effects Richard Wright -- Wurlitzer electric piano (with wah - wah pedal) Nick Mason -- drums, tape effects Title: In the Flesh (Pink Floyd song) Passage: "In the Flesh" (working title "The Show") is a song by English progressive rock band Pink Floyd. It appears on their 1979 album "The Wall". Title: Give a Little Passage: "Give a Little" is the second single written and performed by American pop/rock band Hanson from their fifth studio album "Shout It Out". Lead vocals are provided by Taylor Hanson, with Isaac Hanson and Zac Hanson as backing vocals. Title: Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance Passage: The Grammy Award for Best Pop Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards, a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards. According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo performance pop recordings (vocal or instrumental) and is limited to singles or tracks only. Title: The Shocker (band) Passage: The Shocker is an American punk rock band, featuring former L7 bassist Jennifer Finch performing vocals. The band also includes lead and rhythm guitarists, drums, and bass. Title: Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals Passage: The Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal was awarded between 1970 and 2011. From 1967 to 1969 and in 1971 the award included instrumental performances. The award had several minor name changes:	[ "In the Flesh (Pink Floyd song)", "Money (Pink Floyd song)" ]
2hop__229903_81633	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The song's music video was filmed as a two - part story with ``It's Like That '', which featured Carey at her bachelorette party. The video for`` We Belong Together'' is a continuation focusing on Carey's wedding to an older and powerful man and ends with the singer eloping with her ex-lover. Rumors arose of the video's connection to her 1993 marriage to Tommy Mottola. Carey performed the song on several award shows and television appearances around the world, namely MTV Movie Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Macy's Fourth of July Parade, The Oprah Winfrey Show and the 48th Grammy Awards. In Europe the song was performed at the Live 8 charity concert, the Fashion Rocks in Monaco, and the German Bambi Awards. Carey performed the song on both her Adventures of Mimi and Angels Advocate Tours.", "title": "We Belong Together" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Ca n't Stop Loving You ''is a popular song written and composed by country singer, songwriter and musician Don Gibson, who first recorded it on December 30, 1957, for RCA Victor Records. It was released in 1958 as the B - side of`` Oh, Lonesome Me'', becoming a double - sided country hit single.", "title": "I Can't Stop Loving You" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sea spiders have long been considered to belong to the Chelicerata, together with horseshoe crabs, and the Arachnida, which includes spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, and harvestmen, among other, lesser known orders.", "title": "Sea spider" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Giovanni Benedetto Platti (born possibly 9 July 1697 (according to other sources 1690, 1692, 1700) in Padua, belonging to Venice at the time; died 11 January 1763 in Würzburg) was an Italian oboist and composer.", "title": "Giovanni Benedetto Platti" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Larry Polansky (born 1954) is a composer, guitarist, mandolinist, and a professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is a founding member and co-director of Frog Peak Music (a composers' collective): . He co-wrote HMSL (Hierarchical Music Specification Language) with Phil Burk and David Rosenboom.", "title": "Larry Polansky" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Here Comes Santa Claus (Down Santa Claus Lane) ''is a Christmas song originally written and performed by Gene Autry, with music composed by Oakley Haldeman. Autry's original version was a top - 10 hit on the pop and country charts; the song would go on to be covered many times in the subsequent decades.", "title": "Here Comes Santa Claus" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Tevis (born February 10, 1937, in Santa Barbara, California, USA, died September 13, 2006 in Mercer Island, Washington) was an American folk singer best remembered for his work on the soundtracks of composer Ennio Morricone.", "title": "Peter Tevis" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michele Mascitti (1664 in Villa Santa Maria (from Chieti); 24 April 1760 in Paris) was an Italian violinist and Baroque composer.", "title": "Michele Mascitti" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anton Urspruch (17 February 1850 in Frankfurt am Main – 11 January 1907 in Frankfurt am Main) was a German composer and pedagogue who belonged to the late German Romantic era.", "title": "Anton Urspruch" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The songs for the film were composed by Mano Murthy.The song \"Oh Parijatha\" ranked fourth among the South India's top 20 songs list in Nokia Ovi Store and also another song \"Nee Mohisu\" has occupied the 12th position in South Top 20 songs list in Nokia Ovi Store.", "title": "Parijatha" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Barbacena.", "title": "Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbert Zipper (April 24, 1904 in Vienna, Austria – April 21, 1997 in Santa Monica, California) was an internationally renowned composer, conductor, and arts activist. As an inmate at Dachau concentration camp in the late 1930s, he arranged to have crude musical instruments constructed out of stolen material, and formed a small secret orchestra which performed on Sunday afternoons for the other inmates. Together with a friend, he composed the \"Dachau Lied\" (\"Dachau Song\"), which was learned by the other prisoners. Released in 1939, he accepted an invitation to conduct the Manila Symphony Orchestra. Jailed for four months by the Japanese during their occupation of the Philippines, after his release, he worked secretly for the Allies, transmitting shipping information by radio. After the war, he emigrated to the United States in 1946, where he conducted the Brooklyn Symphony Orchestra and promoted music education.", "title": "Herbert Zipper" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The London-born Sawyer danced professionally with John Jarrot until she met and married fellow dancer/actor Joseph Santley. The two would dance and perform on stage together primarily in musical comedies for nearly two decades. They made their Broadway debut together in 1916 in \"Betty\" at the Globe Theatre and two years later played in the musical comedy \"Oh, My Dear!\" at the Princess Theatre. The couple appeared in the famous Irving Berlin \"Music Box Revues\" of the 1920s and later toured the United States, performing at major venues such as the National Theatre in Washington, D.C.", "title": "Ivy Sawyer" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they compose the legislature of the United States.", "title": "United States House of Representatives" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leo Shuken (born December 8, 1906, Los Angeles, California - d. July 24, 1976, Santa Monica, California) was an American film music composer, arranger and musical director.", "title": "Leo Shuken" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Oh Very Young\" is a song composed by Cat Stevens. It was released on his 1974 album \"Buddha and the Chocolate Box\", as well as several later \"Best of...\" and \"Greatest Hits\" albums. This song that poses a question asked by future generations reached number 10 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number two Easy Listening.", "title": "Oh Very Young" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Torres de Santa Cruz is a residential complex composed of the twin towers located in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). They were designed by Canarian architect Julian Valladares, and were built in the period 2004–2006.", "title": "Torres de Santa Cruz" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santa Cruz de Minas is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Sao Joao del Rei. It is the smallest municipality of Brazil, measuring only .", "title": "Santa Cruz de Minas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Teen Devian () is a 1965 Bollywood film directed by Amarjeet, starring Dev Anand. Filmed mostly in black and white, with some colour scenes, the movie tells the story of a poet who falls in love with three different women. It is inspired by writer D.H. Lawrence's works. The music was composed by S. D. Burman, whose son Rahul Dev Burman composed the English version of this film titled \"Oh Boy and Three Girls\", but the print was never released.", "title": "Teen Devian" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The track set a record on the United States \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary songs chart, debuting at number twelve and peaking at number one the following week for four weeks. It became the first song to reach the summit in two weeks. It further became Carey's seventh number-one song on the chart. Carey filmed a 1960s style music video to accompany the songs release as a single, and performed it on various programs in the lead up to Christmas, including her own TV special called \"Mariah Carey: Merry Christmas to You\".", "title": "Oh Santa!" } ]	Who is the song We Belong Together about by the composer of Oh Santa!?	Tommy Mottola	[]	Title: Ivy Sawyer Passage: The London-born Sawyer danced professionally with John Jarrot until she met and married fellow dancer/actor Joseph Santley. The two would dance and perform on stage together primarily in musical comedies for nearly two decades. They made their Broadway debut together in 1916 in "Betty" at the Globe Theatre and two years later played in the musical comedy "Oh, My Dear!" at the Princess Theatre. The couple appeared in the famous Irving Berlin "Music Box Revues" of the 1920s and later toured the United States, performing at major venues such as the National Theatre in Washington, D.C. Title: United States House of Representatives Passage: The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they compose the legislature of the United States. Title: Peter Tevis Passage: Peter Tevis (born February 10, 1937, in Santa Barbara, California, USA, died September 13, 2006 in Mercer Island, Washington) was an American folk singer best remembered for his work on the soundtracks of composer Ennio Morricone. Title: Torres de Santa Cruz Passage: The Torres de Santa Cruz is a residential complex composed of the twin towers located in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain). They were designed by Canarian architect Julian Valladares, and were built in the period 2004–2006. Title: I Can't Stop Loving You Passage: ``I Ca n't Stop Loving You ''is a popular song written and composed by country singer, songwriter and musician Don Gibson, who first recorded it on December 30, 1957, for RCA Victor Records. It was released in 1958 as the B - side of`` Oh, Lonesome Me'', becoming a double - sided country hit single. Title: Anton Urspruch Passage: Anton Urspruch (17 February 1850 in Frankfurt am Main – 11 January 1907 in Frankfurt am Main) was a German composer and pedagogue who belonged to the late German Romantic era. Title: Santa Cruz de Minas Passage: Santa Cruz de Minas is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Sao Joao del Rei. It is the smallest municipality of Brazil, measuring only . Title: Parijatha Passage: The songs for the film were composed by Mano Murthy.The song "Oh Parijatha" ranked fourth among the South India's top 20 songs list in Nokia Ovi Store and also another song "Nee Mohisu" has occupied the 12th position in South Top 20 songs list in Nokia Ovi Store. Title: We Belong Together Passage: The song's music video was filmed as a two - part story with ``It's Like That '', which featured Carey at her bachelorette party. The video for`` We Belong Together'' is a continuation focusing on Carey's wedding to an older and powerful man and ends with the singer eloping with her ex-lover. Rumors arose of the video's connection to her 1993 marriage to Tommy Mottola. Carey performed the song on several award shows and television appearances around the world, namely MTV Movie Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Macy's Fourth of July Parade, The Oprah Winfrey Show and the 48th Grammy Awards. In Europe the song was performed at the Live 8 charity concert, the Fashion Rocks in Monaco, and the German Bambi Awards. Carey performed the song on both her Adventures of Mimi and Angels Advocate Tours. Title: Here Comes Santa Claus Passage: ``Here Comes Santa Claus (Down Santa Claus Lane) ''is a Christmas song originally written and performed by Gene Autry, with music composed by Oakley Haldeman. Autry's original version was a top - 10 hit on the pop and country charts; the song would go on to be covered many times in the subsequent decades. Title: Sea spider Passage: Sea spiders have long been considered to belong to the Chelicerata, together with horseshoe crabs, and the Arachnida, which includes spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, and harvestmen, among other, lesser known orders. Title: Giovanni Benedetto Platti Passage: Giovanni Benedetto Platti (born possibly 9 July 1697 (according to other sources 1690, 1692, 1700) in Padua, belonging to Venice at the time; died 11 January 1763 in Würzburg) was an Italian oboist and composer. Title: Oh Santa! Passage: The track set a record on the United States "Billboard" Adult Contemporary songs chart, debuting at number twelve and peaking at number one the following week for four weeks. It became the first song to reach the summit in two weeks. It further became Carey's seventh number-one song on the chart. Carey filmed a 1960s style music video to accompany the songs release as a single, and performed it on various programs in the lead up to Christmas, including her own TV special called "Mariah Carey: Merry Christmas to You". Title: Oh Very Young Passage: "Oh Very Young" is a song composed by Cat Stevens. It was released on his 1974 album "Buddha and the Chocolate Box", as well as several later "Best of..." and "Greatest Hits" albums. This song that poses a question asked by future generations reached number 10 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 and number two Easy Listening. Title: Larry Polansky Passage: Larry Polansky (born 1954) is a composer, guitarist, mandolinist, and a professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is a founding member and co-director of Frog Peak Music (a composers' collective): . He co-wrote HMSL (Hierarchical Music Specification Language) with Phil Burk and David Rosenboom. Title: Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio Passage: Santa Bárbara do Tugúrio is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Campo das Vertentes and to the microregion of Barbacena. Title: Michele Mascitti Passage: Michele Mascitti (1664 in Villa Santa Maria (from Chieti); 24 April 1760 in Paris) was an Italian violinist and Baroque composer.	[ "We Belong Together", "Oh Santa!" ]
2hop__143109_471853	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A common way in which emotions are conceptualized in sociology is in terms of the multidimensional characteristics including cultural or emotional labels (e.g., anger, pride, fear, happiness), physiological changes (e.g., increased perspiration, changes in pulse rate), expressive facial and body movements (e.g., smiling, frowning, baring teeth), and appraisals of situational cues. One comprehensive theory of emotional arousal in humans has been developed by Jonathan Turner (2007: 2009). Two of the key eliciting factors for the arousal of emotions within this theory are expectations states and sanctions. When people enter a situation or encounter with certain expectations for how the encounter should unfold, they will experience different emotions depending on the extent to which expectations for Self, other and situation are met or not met. People can also provide positive or negative sanctions directed at Self or other which also trigger different emotional experiences in individuals. Turner analyzed a wide range of emotion theories across different fields of research including sociology, psychology, evolutionary science, and neuroscience. Based on this analysis, he identified four emotions that all researchers consider being founded on human neurology including assertive-anger, aversion-fear, satisfaction-happiness, and disappointment-sadness. These four categories are called primary emotions and there is some agreement amongst researchers that these primary emotions become combined to produce more elaborate and complex emotional experiences. These more elaborate emotions are called first-order elaborations in Turner's theory and they include sentiments such as pride, triumph, and awe. Emotions can also be experienced at different levels of intensity so that feelings of concern are a low-intensity variation of the primary emotion aversion-fear whereas depression is a higher intensity variant.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are some theories on emotions arguing that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts are necessary in order for an emotion to occur. A prominent philosophical exponent is Robert C. Solomon (for example, The Passions, Emotions and the Meaning of Life, 1993). Solomon claims that emotions are judgments. He has put forward a more nuanced view which response to what he has called the ‘standard objection’ to cognitivism, the idea that a judgment that something is fearsome can occur with or without emotion, so judgment cannot be identified with emotion. The theory proposed by Nico Frijda where appraisal leads to action tendencies is another example.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and behaviors. This theoretical frame also emphasizes time in that human beings experience what they call emotion episodes— a \"series of emotional states extended over time and organized around an underlying theme.\" This theory has been utilized by numerous researchers to better understand emotion from a communicative lens, and was reviewed further by Howard M. Weiss and Daniel J. Beal in their article, \"Reflections on Affective Events Theory\", published in Research on Emotion in Organizations in 2005.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba ''(stylized as real Emotion / 1000 の言葉 and pronounced as Sen no Kotoba (romanized as real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba and translated as real Emotion / 1000 Words)) is a double A-side by Koda Kumi, consisting of the songs`` real Emotion'' and ``1000 no Kotoba ''(lit.`` 1000 Words''). They were used in two cut - scenes of Square Enix's game Final Fantasy X-2.", "title": "Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some of the most influential theorists on emotion from the 20th century have died in the last decade. They include Magda B. Arnold (1903–2002), an American psychologist who developed the appraisal theory of emotions; Richard Lazarus (1922–2002), an American psychologist who specialized in emotion and stress, especially in relation to cognition; Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001), who included emotions into decision making and artificial intelligence; Robert Plutchik (1928–2006), an American psychologist who developed a psychoevolutionary theory of emotion; Robert Zajonc (1923–2008) a Polish–American social psychologist who specialized in social and cognitive processes such as social facilitation; Robert C. Solomon (1942–2007), an American philosopher who contributed to the theories on the philosophy of emotions with books such as What Is An Emotion?: Classic and Contemporary Readings (Oxford, 2003); Peter Goldie (1946–2011), a British philosopher who specialized in ethics, aesthetics, emotion, mood and character; Nico Frijda (1927–2015), a Dutch psychologist who advanced the theory that human emotions serve to promote a tendency to undertake actions that are appropriate in the circumstances, detailed in his book The Emotions (1986).", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "One Emotion is a 1994 album by the American country singer/songwriter Clint Black. Its five singles reached the heights of the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts: \"Untanglin' My Mind\" at #4, \"Wherever You Go\" at #3, \"Summer's Comin'\" at #1, the title track at #2 and \"Life Gets Away\" at #4.", "title": "One Emotion" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"When I Said I Do\" is a song written by American country music singer Clint Black, and recorded by Black and his wife Lisa Hartman Black as a duet. It was released in August 1999 as the first single from Black's album \"D'lectrified\". The song reached the top of the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart. It also peaked at number 31 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100, making it a crossover hit. It is one of only two chart singles for Lisa Hartman Black.", "title": "When I Said I Do" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portrait of Margaret van Eyck (or Margaret, the Artist's Wife) is a 1439 oil on wood painting by the Early Netherlandish master Jan van Eyck. It is one of the two latest of his surviving paintings, and one of the earliest European artworks to depict a painter's spouse. Completed when she was around 34, it was hung until the early 18th century in the Bruges chapel of the Guild of painters. The work is thought to be a pendant or diptych panel for either a now lost self-portrait known from records until 1769, or of Jan van Eyck's likely self-portrait now in the National Gallery in London.", "title": "Portrait of Margaret van Eyck" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Plutchik agreed with Ekman's biologically driven perspective but developed the \"wheel of emotions\", suggesting eight primary emotions grouped on a positive or negative basis: joy versus sadness; anger versus fear; trust versus disgust; and surprise versus anticipation. Some basic emotions can be modified to form complex emotions. The complex emotions could arise from cultural conditioning or association combined with the basic emotions. Alternatively, similar to the way primary colors combine, primary emotions could blend to form the full spectrum of human emotional experience. For example, interpersonal anger and disgust could blend to form contempt. Relationships exist between basic emotions, resulting in positive or negative influences.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theories dealing with perception either use one or multiples perceptions in order to find an emotion (Goldie, 2007).A recent hybrid of the somatic and cognitive theories of emotion is the perceptual theory. This theory is neo-Jamesian in arguing that bodily responses are central to emotions, yet it emphasizes the meaningfulness of emotions or the idea that emotions are about something, as is recognized by cognitive theories. The novel claim of this theory is that conceptually-based cognition is unnecessary for such meaning. Rather the bodily changes themselves perceive the meaningful content of the emotion because of being causally triggered by certain situations. In this respect, emotions are held to be analogous to faculties such as vision or touch, which provide information about the relation between the subject and the world in various ways. A sophisticated defense of this view is found in philosopher Jesse Prinz's book Gut Reactions, and psychologist James Laird's book Feelings.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ellen Eagle is an American artist, best known for her figure drawings and portraits in pastel. At an intimate scale, Eagle's subjects are friends, fellow artists, and professional models drawn from life in natural light. Her work is characterized by restraint of color, self-containment, and the depiction of her subjects' emotional states. She is known for her reflective self-portraits, which can at times appear whimsical, are a study in the trials and tribulations of the life of an artist.", "title": "Ellen Eagle" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Taddei Tondo or The Virgin and Child with the Infant St John is a marble relief tondo (circular composition) by Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarroti. Part of the permanent collection of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, it is the only marble sculpture by Michelangelo in Great Britain. A \"perfect demonstration\" of his carving technique, the work delivers a \"powerful emotional and narrative punch\".", "title": "Taddei Tondo" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kees Verkade (born 1941 in Haarlem) is a Dutch artist and sculptor. He specializes in modeling the human form, with an emphasis on movement and emotion. Most of his sculptures are set in bronze. They depict a variety of people, including children, clowns, athletes, dancers, mothers, and lovers. Verkade also creates gouaches and silkscreens to accompany his sculptures.", "title": "Kees Verkade" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ambroise Vollard (3 July 1866 – 21 July 1939) was a French art dealer who is regarded as one of the most important dealers in French contemporary art at the beginning of the twentieth century. He is credited with providing exposure and emotional support to numerous then-unknown artists, including Paul Cézanne, Aristide Maillol, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Louis Valtat, Pablo Picasso, André Derain, Georges Rouault, Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh. He was also an avid art collector and publisher.", "title": "Ambroise Vollard" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The word \"emotion\" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means \"to stir up\". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern word emotion is heterogeneous In some uses of the word, emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something. On the other hand, emotion can be used to refer to states that are mild (as in annoyed or content) and to states that are not directed at anything (as in anxiety and depression). One line of research thus looks at the meaning of the word emotion in everyday language and this usage is rather different from that in academic discourse. Another line of research asks about languages other than English, and one interesting finding is that many languages have a similar but not identical term", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and planning, and the famous distinction made between reason and emotion is not as clear as it seems. Paul D. MacLean claims that emotion competes with even more instinctive responses, on one hand, and the more abstract reasoning, on the other hand. The increased potential in neuroimaging has also allowed investigation into evolutionarily ancient parts of the brain. Important neurological advances were derived from these perspectives in the 1990s by Joseph E. LeDoux and António Damásio.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With the two-factor theory now incorporating cognition, several theories began to argue that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts were entirely necessary for an emotion to occur. One of the main proponents of this view was Richard Lazarus who argued that emotions must have some cognitive intentionality. The cognitive activity involved in the interpretation of an emotional context may be conscious or unconscious and may or may not take the form of conceptual processing.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although the inclusion of cognitive appraisal as one of the elements is slightly controversial, since some theorists make the assumption that emotion and cognition are separate but interacting systems, the component processing model provides a sequence of events that effectively describes the coordination involved during an emotional episode.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A situated perspective on emotion, developed by Paul E. Griffiths and Andrea Scarantino , emphasizes the importance of external factors in the development and communication of emotion, drawing upon the situationism approach in psychology. This theory is markedly different from both cognitivist and neo-Jamesian theories of emotion, both of which see emotion as a purely internal process, with the environment only acting as a stimulus to the emotion. In contrast, a situationist perspective on emotion views emotion as the product of an organism investigating its environment, and observing the responses of other organisms. Emotion stimulates the evolution of social relationships, acting as a signal to mediate the behavior of other organisms. In some contexts, the expression of emotion (both voluntary and involuntary) could be seen as strategic moves in the transactions between different organisms. The situated perspective on emotion states that conceptual thought is not an inherent part of emotion, since emotion is an action-oriented form of skillful engagement with the world. Griffiths and Scarantino suggested that this perspective on emotion could be helpful in understanding phobias, as well as the emotions of infants and animals.", "title": "Emotion" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Les Greenberg (Leslie Samuel Greenberg) (born 30 September 1945) is a Canadian psychologist born in Johannesburg, South Africa, and is one of the originators and primary developers of Emotion-Focused Therapy for individuals and couples. He is a professor emeritus of psychology at York University in Toronto, and also director of the Emotion-Focused Therapy Clinic in Toronto. His research has addressed questions regarding empathy, psychotherapy process, the therapeutic alliance, and emotion in human functioning.", "title": "Les Greenberg" } ]	Who is the spouse of the singer of One Emotion?	Lisa Hartman	[ "Lisa Hartman Black" ]	Title: One Emotion Passage: One Emotion is a 1994 album by the American country singer/songwriter Clint Black. Its five singles reached the heights of the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts: "Untanglin' My Mind" at #4, "Wherever You Go" at #3, "Summer's Comin'" at #1, the title track at #2 and "Life Gets Away" at #4. Title: Les Greenberg Passage: Les Greenberg (Leslie Samuel Greenberg) (born 30 September 1945) is a Canadian psychologist born in Johannesburg, South Africa, and is one of the originators and primary developers of Emotion-Focused Therapy for individuals and couples. He is a professor emeritus of psychology at York University in Toronto, and also director of the Emotion-Focused Therapy Clinic in Toronto. His research has addressed questions regarding empathy, psychotherapy process, the therapeutic alliance, and emotion in human functioning. Title: Kees Verkade Passage: Kees Verkade (born 1941 in Haarlem) is a Dutch artist and sculptor. He specializes in modeling the human form, with an emphasis on movement and emotion. Most of his sculptures are set in bronze. They depict a variety of people, including children, clowns, athletes, dancers, mothers, and lovers. Verkade also creates gouaches and silkscreens to accompany his sculptures. Title: Emotion Passage: Robert Plutchik agreed with Ekman's biologically driven perspective but developed the "wheel of emotions", suggesting eight primary emotions grouped on a positive or negative basis: joy versus sadness; anger versus fear; trust versus disgust; and surprise versus anticipation. Some basic emotions can be modified to form complex emotions. The complex emotions could arise from cultural conditioning or association combined with the basic emotions. Alternatively, similar to the way primary colors combine, primary emotions could blend to form the full spectrum of human emotional experience. For example, interpersonal anger and disgust could blend to form contempt. Relationships exist between basic emotions, resulting in positive or negative influences. Title: Emotion Passage: Some of the most influential theorists on emotion from the 20th century have died in the last decade. They include Magda B. Arnold (1903–2002), an American psychologist who developed the appraisal theory of emotions; Richard Lazarus (1922–2002), an American psychologist who specialized in emotion and stress, especially in relation to cognition; Herbert A. Simon (1916–2001), who included emotions into decision making and artificial intelligence; Robert Plutchik (1928–2006), an American psychologist who developed a psychoevolutionary theory of emotion; Robert Zajonc (1923–2008) a Polish–American social psychologist who specialized in social and cognitive processes such as social facilitation; Robert C. Solomon (1942–2007), an American philosopher who contributed to the theories on the philosophy of emotions with books such as What Is An Emotion?: Classic and Contemporary Readings (Oxford, 2003); Peter Goldie (1946–2011), a British philosopher who specialized in ethics, aesthetics, emotion, mood and character; Nico Frijda (1927–2015), a Dutch psychologist who advanced the theory that human emotions serve to promote a tendency to undertake actions that are appropriate in the circumstances, detailed in his book The Emotions (1986). Title: Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba Passage: ``Real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba ''(stylized as real Emotion / 1000 の言葉 and pronounced as Sen no Kotoba (romanized as real Emotion / 1000 no Kotoba and translated as real Emotion / 1000 Words)) is a double A-side by Koda Kumi, consisting of the songs`` real Emotion'' and ``1000 no Kotoba ''(lit.`` 1000 Words''). They were used in two cut - scenes of Square Enix's game Final Fantasy X-2. Title: Emotion Passage: In Scherer's components processing model of emotion, five crucial elements of emotion are said to exist. From the component processing perspective, emotion experience is said to require that all of these processes become coordinated and synchronized for a short period of time, driven by appraisal processes. Although the inclusion of cognitive appraisal as one of the elements is slightly controversial, since some theorists make the assumption that emotion and cognition are separate but interacting systems, the component processing model provides a sequence of events that effectively describes the coordination involved during an emotional episode. Title: Emotion Passage: With the two-factor theory now incorporating cognition, several theories began to argue that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts were entirely necessary for an emotion to occur. One of the main proponents of this view was Richard Lazarus who argued that emotions must have some cognitive intentionality. The cognitive activity involved in the interpretation of an emotional context may be conscious or unconscious and may or may not take the form of conceptual processing. Title: Emotion Passage: More contemporary views along the evolutionary psychology spectrum posit that both basic emotions and social emotions evolved to motivate (social) behaviors that were adaptive in the ancestral environment. Current research[citation needed] suggests that emotion is an essential part of any human decision-making and planning, and the famous distinction made between reason and emotion is not as clear as it seems. Paul D. MacLean claims that emotion competes with even more instinctive responses, on one hand, and the more abstract reasoning, on the other hand. The increased potential in neuroimaging has also allowed investigation into evolutionarily ancient parts of the brain. Important neurological advances were derived from these perspectives in the 1990s by Joseph E. LeDoux and António Damásio. Title: Ellen Eagle Passage: Ellen Eagle is an American artist, best known for her figure drawings and portraits in pastel. At an intimate scale, Eagle's subjects are friends, fellow artists, and professional models drawn from life in natural light. Her work is characterized by restraint of color, self-containment, and the depiction of her subjects' emotional states. She is known for her reflective self-portraits, which can at times appear whimsical, are a study in the trials and tribulations of the life of an artist. Title: Emotion Passage: This is a communication-based theory developed by Howard M. Weiss and Russell Cropanzano (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts). This theory suggests that emotions are influenced and caused by events which in turn influence attitudes and behaviors. This theoretical frame also emphasizes time in that human beings experience what they call emotion episodes— a "series of emotional states extended over time and organized around an underlying theme." This theory has been utilized by numerous researchers to better understand emotion from a communicative lens, and was reviewed further by Howard M. Weiss and Daniel J. Beal in their article, "Reflections on Affective Events Theory", published in Research on Emotion in Organizations in 2005. Title: Portrait of Margaret van Eyck Passage: Portrait of Margaret van Eyck (or Margaret, the Artist's Wife) is a 1439 oil on wood painting by the Early Netherlandish master Jan van Eyck. It is one of the two latest of his surviving paintings, and one of the earliest European artworks to depict a painter's spouse. Completed when she was around 34, it was hung until the early 18th century in the Bruges chapel of the Guild of painters. The work is thought to be a pendant or diptych panel for either a now lost self-portrait known from records until 1769, or of Jan van Eyck's likely self-portrait now in the National Gallery in London. Title: When I Said I Do Passage: "When I Said I Do" is a song written by American country music singer Clint Black, and recorded by Black and his wife Lisa Hartman Black as a duet. It was released in August 1999 as the first single from Black's album "D'lectrified". The song reached the top of the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. It also peaked at number 31 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100, making it a crossover hit. It is one of only two chart singles for Lisa Hartman Black. Title: Emotion Passage: The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern word emotion is heterogeneous In some uses of the word, emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something. On the other hand, emotion can be used to refer to states that are mild (as in annoyed or content) and to states that are not directed at anything (as in anxiety and depression). One line of research thus looks at the meaning of the word emotion in everyday language and this usage is rather different from that in academic discourse. Another line of research asks about languages other than English, and one interesting finding is that many languages have a similar but not identical term Title: Ambroise Vollard Passage: Ambroise Vollard (3 July 1866 – 21 July 1939) was a French art dealer who is regarded as one of the most important dealers in French contemporary art at the beginning of the twentieth century. He is credited with providing exposure and emotional support to numerous then-unknown artists, including Paul Cézanne, Aristide Maillol, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Louis Valtat, Pablo Picasso, André Derain, Georges Rouault, Paul Gauguin and Vincent van Gogh. He was also an avid art collector and publisher. Title: Emotion Passage: A situated perspective on emotion, developed by Paul E. Griffiths and Andrea Scarantino , emphasizes the importance of external factors in the development and communication of emotion, drawing upon the situationism approach in psychology. This theory is markedly different from both cognitivist and neo-Jamesian theories of emotion, both of which see emotion as a purely internal process, with the environment only acting as a stimulus to the emotion. In contrast, a situationist perspective on emotion views emotion as the product of an organism investigating its environment, and observing the responses of other organisms. Emotion stimulates the evolution of social relationships, acting as a signal to mediate the behavior of other organisms. In some contexts, the expression of emotion (both voluntary and involuntary) could be seen as strategic moves in the transactions between different organisms. The situated perspective on emotion states that conceptual thought is not an inherent part of emotion, since emotion is an action-oriented form of skillful engagement with the world. Griffiths and Scarantino suggested that this perspective on emotion could be helpful in understanding phobias, as well as the emotions of infants and animals. Title: Taddei Tondo Passage: The Taddei Tondo or The Virgin and Child with the Infant St John is a marble relief tondo (circular composition) by Italian Renaissance artist Michelangelo Buonarroti. Part of the permanent collection of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, it is the only marble sculpture by Michelangelo in Great Britain. A "perfect demonstration" of his carving technique, the work delivers a "powerful emotional and narrative punch".	[ "One Emotion", "When I Said I Do" ]
2hop__158048_79459	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India. The range rises in eastern Gujarat state running east through the border of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to the east till Chhattisgarh. The range parallels the Vindhya Range to the north, and these two east - west ranges divide Indian Subcontinent into the Indo - Gangetic plain of northern India and the Deccan Plateau of the south. The Narmada River originates from north - eastern end of Satpura and runs in the depression between the Satpura and Vindhya ranges, draining the northern slope of the Satpura range, running west towards the Arabian Sea. The Tapti River originates in the eastern - central part of Satpura, crossing the range in the center and running west at the range's southern slopes before meeting the Arabian Sea at Surat, draining the central and southern slopes of the range. The Godavari River and its tributaries drain the Deccan plateau, which lies south of the range, and the Mahanadi River drains the easternmost portion of the range. The Godavari and Mahanadi rivers flow into the Bay of Bengal. At its eastern end, the Satpura range meets the hills of the Chotanagpur Plateau. The Satpura Range is a horst mountain and is flanked by Narmada Graben in the north and much smaller but parallel Tapi Graben in the south.", "title": "Satpura Range" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1952, the United States elected a new president, and on 29 November 1952, the president - elect, Dwight D. Eisenhower, went to Korea to learn what might end the Korean War. With the United Nations' acceptance of India's proposed Korean War armistice, the KPA, the PVA, and the UN Command ceased fire with the battle line approximately at the 38th parallel. Upon agreeing to the armistice, the belligerents established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by the KPA and ROKA, United States, and Joint UN Commands.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 27 September, MacArthur received the top secret National Security Council Memorandum 81/1 from Truman reminding him that operations north of the 38th parallel were authorized only if \"at the time of such operation there was no entry into North Korea by major Soviet or Chinese Communist forces, no announcements of intended entry, nor a threat to counter our operations militarily...\" On 29 September MacArthur restored the government of the Republic of Korea under Syngman Rhee. On 30 September, Defense Secretary George Marshall sent an eyes-only message to MacArthur: \"We want you to feel unhampered tactically and strategically to proceed north of the 38th parallel.\" During October, the ROK police executed people who were suspected to be sympathetic to North Korea, and similar massacres were carried out until early 1951.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The martial art taekwondo originated in Korea. In the 1950s and 1960s, modern rules were standardized, with taekwondo becoming an official Olympic sport in 2000. Other Korean martial arts include Taekkyon, hapkido, Tang Soo Do, Kuk Sool Won, kumdo and subak.Football and baseball have traditionally been regarded as the most popular sports in Korea. Recent polling indicates that a majority, 41% of South Korean sports fans continue to self-identify as football fans, with baseball ranked 2nd at 25% of respondents. However, the polling did not indicate the extent to which respondents follow both sports. The national football team became the first team in the Asian Football Confederation to reach the FIFA World Cup semi-finals in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. The Korea Republic national team (as it is known) has qualified for every World Cup since Mexico 1986, and has broken out of the group stage twice: first in 2002, and again in 2010, when it was defeated by eventual semi-finalist Uruguay in the Round of 16. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the Bronze Medal for football.", "title": "South Korea" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seyfula Seferovich Magomedov (; born May 15, 1983 in Makhachkala, Dagestan ASSR) is a Russian taekwondo practitioner, who competed in the men's flyweight category. Emerging as Russia's most decorated taekwondo player of all time, Magomedov accrued a set of twenty-one medals in his sporting career, including four European men's flyweight titles, three bronzes from the World Championships, and a single gold from the 2005 Summer Universiade in Izmir, Turkey. Magomedov was also selected to compete for the Russian taekwondo team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where he finished only in the opening round of the men's 58-kg division.", "title": "Seyfula Magomedov" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pascal Gentil (born May 15, 1973 in Paris, France) is a French taekwondo practitioner. A three-time winner of the European Championships, four-time World Cup Champion and Olympic bronze medallist at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney and at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Pascal Gentil is the most decorated taekwondo practitioner in French taekwondo history.", "title": "Pascal Gentil" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of the rank of corporal in the USMC roughly parallels that of the U.S. Army until 1942. From 1775 until WWII, the Marine Corps used essentially the same rank and organizational structure as its common British and colonial forebears with the Army, as well as the later Continental and U.S. armies. In 1942, as the Army modified its triangular division infantry organization to best fight in the European / North African / Middle Eastern Theatre the Marine Corps began modifying the triangular division plan to best employ its amphibious warfare doctrine in the Pacific Theatre. This meant that for the Corps, squad leaders would remain as sergeants and that the rifle squad would be sub-divided into three four - man fire teams each led by a corporal.", "title": "Corporal" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "At the Tehran Conference and the Yalta Conference, the Soviet Union promised to join its allies in the Pacific War in two to three months after victory in Europe. On August 8, 1945, three months to the day after the end of hostilities in Europe, and two days after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. Soviet troops advanced rapidly, and the US government became anxious that they would occupy the whole of Korea. On August 10, 1945 two young officers -- Dean Rusk and Charles Bonesteel -- were assigned to define an American occupation zone. Working on extremely short notice and completely unprepared, they used a National Geographic map to decide on the 38th parallel. They chose it because it divided the country approximately in half but would place the capital Seoul under American control. No experts on Korea were consulted. The two men were unaware that forty years before, Japan and pre-revolutionary Russia had discussed sharing Korea along the same parallel. Rusk later said that had he known, he ``almost surely ''would have chosen a different line. The division placed sixteen million Koreans in the American zone and nine million in the Soviet zone. To the surprise of the Americans, the Soviet Union immediately accepted the division. The agreement was incorporated into General Order No. 1 (approved on 17 August 1945) for the surrender of Japan.", "title": "Division of Korea" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks. The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty. North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war started badly for the US and UN. North Korean forces struck massively in the summer of 1950 and nearly drove the outnumbered US and ROK defenders into the sea. However the United Nations intervened, naming Douglas MacArthur commander of its forces, and UN-US-ROK forces held a perimeter around Pusan, gaining time for reinforcement. MacArthur, in a bold but risky move, ordered an amphibious invasion well behind the front lines at Inchon, cutting off and routing the North Koreans and quickly crossing the 38th Parallel into North Korea. As UN forces continued to advance toward the Yalu River on the border with Communist China, the Chinese crossed the Yalu River in October and launched a series of surprise attacks that sent the UN forces reeling back across the 38th Parallel. Truman originally wanted a Rollback strategy to unify Korea; after the Chinese successes he settled for a Containment policy to split the country. MacArthur argued for rollback but was fired by President Harry Truman after disputes over the conduct of the war. Peace negotiations dragged on for two years until President Dwight D. Eisenhower threatened China with nuclear weapons; an armistice was quickly reached with the two Koreas remaining divided at the 38th parallel. North and South Korea are still today in a state of war, having never signed a peace treaty, and American forces remain stationed in South Korea as part of American foreign policy.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Decaturville crater, also referred to as the Decaturville Dome, is an impact crater in Missouri, United States, and is one of the 38th parallel structures.", "title": "Decaturville crater" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1952, the United States elected a new president, and on 29 November 1952, the president-elect, Dwight D. Eisenhower, went to Korea to learn what might end the Korean War. With the United Nations' acceptance of India's proposed Korean War armistice, the KPA, the PVA, and the UN Command ceased fire with the battle line approximately at the 38th parallel. Upon agreeing to the armistice, the belligerents established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by the KPA and ROKA, United States, and Joint UN Commands.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Soviet - US Joint Commission met in 1946 and 1947 to work towards a unified administration, but failed to make progress due to increasing Cold War antagonism and to Korean opposition to the trusteeship. Meanwhile, the division between the two zones deepened. The difference in policy between the occupying powers led to a polarization of politics, and a transfer of population between North and South. In May 1946 it was made illegal to cross the 38th parallel without a permit.", "title": "Division of Korea" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carmen Marton (born 30 June 1986) is a taekwondo athlete from Australia. She is Australia's first ever world taekwondo champion.", "title": "Carmen Marton" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1979 World Taekwondo Championships are the 4th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Sindelfingen, Stuttgart, West Germany from October 26 to October 28, 1979. A total of 453 athletes and officials from 38 nations took part in the championships.", "title": "1979 World Taekwondo Championships" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maryna Konieva (born October 19, 1987 in Kharkiv) is a taekwondo athlete from Ukraine who took part in the London Olympics 2012. She won the Bronze Medal in the 2008 European Taekwondo Championships.", "title": "Maryna Konieva" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gwladys Patience Épangue (born August 15, 1983, in Clichy-la-Garenne, France) is a French taekwondo athlete. Representing France at the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships in Madrid, she won the silver medal in the welterweight division, losing to Hwang Kyung-Seon from South Korea in the final. At the 2007 World Taekwondo Championships in Beijing, she won a silver medal, losing to Hwang in the final again.", "title": "Gwladys Épangue" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Metin Şahin (born January 10, 1963 in Konya, Turkey) is a European champion Turkish former taekwondo practitioner, who serves as the president of the Turkey Taekwondo Federation since 2003.", "title": "Metin Şahin" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On the night of 10 August in Washington, American Colonels Dean Rusk and Charles H. Bonesteel III were tasked with dividing the Korean Peninsula into Soviet and U.S. occupation zones and proposed the 38th parallel. This was incorporated into America's General Order No. 1 which responded to the Japanese surrender on 15 August. Explaining the choice of the 38th parallel, Rusk observed, \"even though it was further north than could be realistically reached by U.S. forces, in the event of Soviet disagreement...we felt it important to include the capital of Korea in the area of responsibility of American troops\". He noted that he was \"faced with the scarcity of US forces immediately available, and time and space factors, which would make it difficult to reach very far north, before Soviet troops could enter the area\". As Rusk's comments indicate, the Americans doubted whether the Soviet government would agree to this. Stalin, however, maintained his wartime policy of co-operation, and on 16 August the Red Army halted at the 38th parallel for three weeks to await the arrival of U.S. forces in the south.", "title": "Korean War" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Soboleva competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Russia. She was disqualified in the qualifying run of the parallel giant slalom. In the parallel slalom, she qualified 15th, then lost to Ester Ledecka in the 1/8 finals, ending up 15th overall.", "title": "Natalia Soboleva" } ]	Why was the country where taekwondo is originally from divided at the 38th parallel at the end of WW2?	it divided the country approximately in half	[]	Title: Korean War Passage: On 27 September, MacArthur received the top secret National Security Council Memorandum 81/1 from Truman reminding him that operations north of the 38th parallel were authorized only if "at the time of such operation there was no entry into North Korea by major Soviet or Chinese Communist forces, no announcements of intended entry, nor a threat to counter our operations militarily..." On 29 September MacArthur restored the government of the Republic of Korea under Syngman Rhee. On 30 September, Defense Secretary George Marshall sent an eyes-only message to MacArthur: "We want you to feel unhampered tactically and strategically to proceed north of the 38th parallel." During October, the ROK police executed people who were suspected to be sympathetic to North Korea, and similar massacres were carried out until early 1951. Title: Pascal Gentil Passage: Pascal Gentil (born May 15, 1973 in Paris, France) is a French taekwondo practitioner. A three-time winner of the European Championships, four-time World Cup Champion and Olympic bronze medallist at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney and at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Pascal Gentil is the most decorated taekwondo practitioner in French taekwondo history. Title: 1979 World Taekwondo Championships Passage: The 1979 World Taekwondo Championships are the 4th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Sindelfingen, Stuttgart, West Germany from October 26 to October 28, 1979. A total of 453 athletes and officials from 38 nations took part in the championships. Title: Division of Korea Passage: A Soviet - US Joint Commission met in 1946 and 1947 to work towards a unified administration, but failed to make progress due to increasing Cold War antagonism and to Korean opposition to the trusteeship. Meanwhile, the division between the two zones deepened. The difference in policy between the occupying powers led to a polarization of politics, and a transfer of population between North and South. In May 1946 it was made illegal to cross the 38th parallel without a permit. Title: Satpura Range Passage: The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India. The range rises in eastern Gujarat state running east through the border of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh to the east till Chhattisgarh. The range parallels the Vindhya Range to the north, and these two east - west ranges divide Indian Subcontinent into the Indo - Gangetic plain of northern India and the Deccan Plateau of the south. The Narmada River originates from north - eastern end of Satpura and runs in the depression between the Satpura and Vindhya ranges, draining the northern slope of the Satpura range, running west towards the Arabian Sea. The Tapti River originates in the eastern - central part of Satpura, crossing the range in the center and running west at the range's southern slopes before meeting the Arabian Sea at Surat, draining the central and southern slopes of the range. The Godavari River and its tributaries drain the Deccan plateau, which lies south of the range, and the Mahanadi River drains the easternmost portion of the range. The Godavari and Mahanadi rivers flow into the Bay of Bengal. At its eastern end, the Satpura range meets the hills of the Chotanagpur Plateau. The Satpura Range is a horst mountain and is flanked by Narmada Graben in the north and much smaller but parallel Tapi Graben in the south. Title: Decaturville crater Passage: The Decaturville crater, also referred to as the Decaturville Dome, is an impact crater in Missouri, United States, and is one of the 38th parallel structures. Title: Korean War Passage: On the night of 10 August in Washington, American Colonels Dean Rusk and Charles H. Bonesteel III were tasked with dividing the Korean Peninsula into Soviet and U.S. occupation zones and proposed the 38th parallel. This was incorporated into America's General Order No. 1 which responded to the Japanese surrender on 15 August. Explaining the choice of the 38th parallel, Rusk observed, "even though it was further north than could be realistically reached by U.S. forces, in the event of Soviet disagreement...we felt it important to include the capital of Korea in the area of responsibility of American troops". He noted that he was "faced with the scarcity of US forces immediately available, and time and space factors, which would make it difficult to reach very far north, before Soviet troops could enter the area". As Rusk's comments indicate, the Americans doubted whether the Soviet government would agree to this. Stalin, however, maintained his wartime policy of co-operation, and on 16 August the Red Army halted at the 38th parallel for three weeks to await the arrival of U.S. forces in the south. Title: Seyfula Magomedov Passage: Seyfula Seferovich Magomedov (; born May 15, 1983 in Makhachkala, Dagestan ASSR) is a Russian taekwondo practitioner, who competed in the men's flyweight category. Emerging as Russia's most decorated taekwondo player of all time, Magomedov accrued a set of twenty-one medals in his sporting career, including four European men's flyweight titles, three bronzes from the World Championships, and a single gold from the 2005 Summer Universiade in Izmir, Turkey. Magomedov was also selected to compete for the Russian taekwondo team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where he finished only in the opening round of the men's 58-kg division. Title: Korean War Passage: In 1952, the United States elected a new president, and on 29 November 1952, the president - elect, Dwight D. Eisenhower, went to Korea to learn what might end the Korean War. With the United Nations' acceptance of India's proposed Korean War armistice, the KPA, the PVA, and the UN Command ceased fire with the battle line approximately at the 38th parallel. Upon agreeing to the armistice, the belligerents established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by the KPA and ROKA, United States, and Joint UN Commands. Title: Carmen Marton Passage: Carmen Marton (born 30 June 1986) is a taekwondo athlete from Australia. She is Australia's first ever world taekwondo champion. Title: South Korea Passage: The martial art taekwondo originated in Korea. In the 1950s and 1960s, modern rules were standardized, with taekwondo becoming an official Olympic sport in 2000. Other Korean martial arts include Taekkyon, hapkido, Tang Soo Do, Kuk Sool Won, kumdo and subak.Football and baseball have traditionally been regarded as the most popular sports in Korea. Recent polling indicates that a majority, 41% of South Korean sports fans continue to self-identify as football fans, with baseball ranked 2nd at 25% of respondents. However, the polling did not indicate the extent to which respondents follow both sports. The national football team became the first team in the Asian Football Confederation to reach the FIFA World Cup semi-finals in the 2002 FIFA World Cup, jointly hosted by South Korea and Japan. The Korea Republic national team (as it is known) has qualified for every World Cup since Mexico 1986, and has broken out of the group stage twice: first in 2002, and again in 2010, when it was defeated by eventual semi-finalist Uruguay in the Round of 16. At the 2012 Summer Olympics, South Korea won the Bronze Medal for football. Title: Korean War Passage: The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks. The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty. North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: The war started badly for the US and UN. North Korean forces struck massively in the summer of 1950 and nearly drove the outnumbered US and ROK defenders into the sea. However the United Nations intervened, naming Douglas MacArthur commander of its forces, and UN-US-ROK forces held a perimeter around Pusan, gaining time for reinforcement. MacArthur, in a bold but risky move, ordered an amphibious invasion well behind the front lines at Inchon, cutting off and routing the North Koreans and quickly crossing the 38th Parallel into North Korea. As UN forces continued to advance toward the Yalu River on the border with Communist China, the Chinese crossed the Yalu River in October and launched a series of surprise attacks that sent the UN forces reeling back across the 38th Parallel. Truman originally wanted a Rollback strategy to unify Korea; after the Chinese successes he settled for a Containment policy to split the country. MacArthur argued for rollback but was fired by President Harry Truman after disputes over the conduct of the war. Peace negotiations dragged on for two years until President Dwight D. Eisenhower threatened China with nuclear weapons; an armistice was quickly reached with the two Koreas remaining divided at the 38th parallel. North and South Korea are still today in a state of war, having never signed a peace treaty, and American forces remain stationed in South Korea as part of American foreign policy. Title: Metin Şahin Passage: Metin Şahin (born January 10, 1963 in Konya, Turkey) is a European champion Turkish former taekwondo practitioner, who serves as the president of the Turkey Taekwondo Federation since 2003. Title: Division of Korea Passage: At the Tehran Conference and the Yalta Conference, the Soviet Union promised to join its allies in the Pacific War in two to three months after victory in Europe. On August 8, 1945, three months to the day after the end of hostilities in Europe, and two days after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. Soviet troops advanced rapidly, and the US government became anxious that they would occupy the whole of Korea. On August 10, 1945 two young officers -- Dean Rusk and Charles Bonesteel -- were assigned to define an American occupation zone. Working on extremely short notice and completely unprepared, they used a National Geographic map to decide on the 38th parallel. They chose it because it divided the country approximately in half but would place the capital Seoul under American control. No experts on Korea were consulted. The two men were unaware that forty years before, Japan and pre-revolutionary Russia had discussed sharing Korea along the same parallel. Rusk later said that had he known, he ``almost surely ''would have chosen a different line. The division placed sixteen million Koreans in the American zone and nine million in the Soviet zone. To the surprise of the Americans, the Soviet Union immediately accepted the division. The agreement was incorporated into General Order No. 1 (approved on 17 August 1945) for the surrender of Japan. Title: Korean War Passage: In 1952, the United States elected a new president, and on 29 November 1952, the president-elect, Dwight D. Eisenhower, went to Korea to learn what might end the Korean War. With the United Nations' acceptance of India's proposed Korean War armistice, the KPA, the PVA, and the UN Command ceased fire with the battle line approximately at the 38th parallel. Upon agreeing to the armistice, the belligerents established the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), which has since been patrolled by the KPA and ROKA, United States, and Joint UN Commands. Title: Gwladys Épangue Passage: Gwladys Patience Épangue (born August 15, 1983, in Clichy-la-Garenne, France) is a French taekwondo athlete. Representing France at the 2005 World Taekwondo Championships in Madrid, she won the silver medal in the welterweight division, losing to Hwang Kyung-Seon from South Korea in the final. At the 2007 World Taekwondo Championships in Beijing, she won a silver medal, losing to Hwang in the final again.	[ "South Korea", "Division of Korea" ]
2hop__435759_776926	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Avren (, pronounced ) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Varna Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Avren Municipality in the eastern part of Varna Province.", "title": "Avren, Varna Province" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jinonice is a district of Prague, mostly part of Prague 5, but a small area is part of Prague 13. It is located on the north edge of Prokopské údolí national park. Jinonice has been a part of Prague city since 1922.", "title": "Jinonice" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is part of No. 32 Ghatal (Lok Sabha constituency). It was earlier part of Panskura (Lok Sabha constituency).", "title": "Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1794 Revolutionary France occupied the Duchy of Jülich (Duché de Juliers), which became part of the French département of the Roer. The Treaty of Lunéville in 1801 officially acknowledged the cession of Jülich to France. In 1815, following the defeat of Napoleon, the duchy became part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (after 1822 part of the Prussian Rhine Province), except for the cities Sittard and Tegelen, which became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.", "title": "Duchy of Jülich" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Am Anne Frank\" is a two-part episode, consisting of the fourth and fifth episodes of the of the FX anthology television series \"American Horror Story\". The first part aired on November 7, 2012, and the second aired on November 14, 2012. The first part is written by Jessica Sharzer and directed by Michael Uppendahl, and the second part is written by Brad Falchuk and directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon. Both episodes are rated TV-MA (LSV).", "title": "I Am Anne Frank (American Horror Story)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wadera is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of former Adolana Wadera woreda. It is part of the Guji Zone. The largest town is Wadera.", "title": "Wadera (woreda)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Daybreak ''is the three - part series finale of the reimagined science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica, and are the 74th (labeled`` Daybreak, Part 1'' on the DVD) and 75th (labeled ``Daybreak, Parts 2 & 3 ''on the DVD) episodes overall. The episodes aired on the U.S. Sci Fi Channel and SPACE in Canada respectively on March 13 and March 20, 2009. The second part (`` Daybreak, Parts 2 & 3'') is double - length. The episodes were written by Ronald D. Moore, and directed by Michael Rymer. The Season 4.5 DVD and Blu - ray releases for Region 1 feature an extended version of the finale, which not only combines all three parts as a single episode, but also integrates it with new scenes not seen in the aired version of either part. The survivor count shown in the title sequence for Part 1 is 39,516. The survivor count shown in the title sequence for Part 2 is 39,406. At the end of Part 2, Admiral Adama announces the survivor population at approximately 38,000.", "title": "Daybreak (Battlestar Galactica)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It was created from part of the pre-war municipality of Novo Sarajevo (the other part of the pre-war municipality is now in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina).", "title": "Istočno Novo Sarajevo" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heungdeok-gu is a non-autonomous district in the City of Cheongju in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea. Heungdeok-gu was re-established from a part of Heungdeok-gu and a part of Cheongwon-gun in July 2014. The newly created Seowon-gu annexed the part of Heungdeok-gu.", "title": "Heungdeok-gu" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canon de 16 Gribeauval was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery.", "title": "Canon de 16 Gribeauval" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Graustock is a mountain of the Urner Alps, located south of Engelberg in Central Switzerland. The summit is one of the two tripoints between the cantons of Berne, Nidwalden and Obwalden (the other being the Jochstock).", "title": "Graustock" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Representative Party Years Congress (es) Electoral history Description and Counties James F. McNulty, Jr. Democratic January 3, 1983 -- January 3, 1985 98 Lost re-election Southeast Arizona, including parts of Tucson: Cochise, Greenlee, Graham (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part), Santa Cruz (part) Jim Kolbe Republican January 3, 1985 -- January 3, 1993 99 100 101 102 Redistricted to the 8th district January 3, 1993 -- January 3, 2003 103 104 105 106 107 Southeast Arizona, including parts of Tucson: Cochise, Graham (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part) J.D. Hayworth Republican January 3, 2003 -- January 3, 2007 108 109 Redistricted from the 6th district Lost re-election Maricopa (part): Parts of Metro Phoenix Harry Mitchell Democratic January 3, 2007 -- January 3, 2011 110 111 Lost re-election David Schweikert Republican January 3, 2011 -- January 3, 2013 112 Redistricted to the 6th district Matt Salmon Republican January 3, 2013 -- January 3, 2017 113 114 First elected in 2012 Maricopa (part): Southeastern parts of Metro Phoenix Andy Biggs Republican January 3, 2017 -- 115 First elected in 2016", "title": "Arizona's 5th congressional district" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clemson is part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, South Carolina Combined Statistical Area. Most of the city is in Pickens County, which is part of the Greenville-Mauldin-Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area. A small portion is in Anderson County, which is part of the Anderson Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "title": "Clemson, South Carolina" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stord is an island in Hordaland county, Norway. Located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland, the island is part of the municipalities of Stord (southern part) and Fitjar (northern part). The largest settlements on the island are the town of Leirvik (granted town status in 1997) and the villages of Sagvåg and Fitjar.", "title": "Stord (island)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 1,201, up from 992 in 2000. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County.", "title": "Montgomery, Vermont" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik Mülhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798. Alsace is frequently mentioned with and as part of Lorraine and the former duchy of Lorraine, since it was a vital part of the duchy, and later because German possession as the imperial province (Alsace-Lorraine, 1871–1918) was contested in the 19th and 20th centuries; France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years.", "title": "Alsace" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Back to the Future's success led to two film sequels: Back to the Future Part II and Back to the Future Part III.", "title": "Back to the Future" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Medicare is further divided into parts A and B -- Medicare Part A covers hospital (inpatient, formally admitted only), skilled nursing (only after being formally admitted for three days and not for custodial care), and hospice services; Part B covers outpatient services including some providers services while inpatient at a hospital. Part D covers self - administered prescription drugs. Part C is an alternative called Managed Medicare by the Trustees that allows patients to choose plans with at least the same benefits as Parts A and B (but most often more), often the benefits of Part D, and always an annual out of pocket spend limit which A and B lack; the beneficiary must enroll in Parts A and B first before signing up for Part C.", "title": "Medicare (United States)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gasera is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of former Gaserana Gololcha woreda. It is part of the Bale Zone. The administrative center for the woreda is Gasera.", "title": "Gasera (woreda)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Uri Alps (also known as \"Urner Alps\", ) are a mountain range in Central Switzerland and part of the Western Alps. They extend into the cantons of Obwalden, Valais, Bern, Uri and Nidwalden and are bordered by the Bernese Alps (Grimsel Pass) and the Emmental Alps to the west (the four lakes: Lungerersee, Sarnersee, Wichelsee, and Alpnachersee), the Schwyzer Alps to the north (Lake Lucerne), the Lepontine Alps to the south (the valley of Urseren with Andermatt) and the Glarus Alps to the east (Reuss).", "title": "Uri Alps" } ]	What group of mountains does the group Graustock is part of belong to?	Western Alps	[]	Title: I Am Anne Frank (American Horror Story) Passage: "I Am Anne Frank" is a two-part episode, consisting of the fourth and fifth episodes of the of the FX anthology television series "American Horror Story". The first part aired on November 7, 2012, and the second aired on November 14, 2012. The first part is written by Jessica Sharzer and directed by Michael Uppendahl, and the second part is written by Brad Falchuk and directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon. Both episodes are rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: Clemson, South Carolina Passage: Clemson is part of the Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, South Carolina Combined Statistical Area. Most of the city is in Pickens County, which is part of the Greenville-Mauldin-Easley Metropolitan Statistical Area. A small portion is in Anderson County, which is part of the Anderson Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Medicare (United States) Passage: Medicare is further divided into parts A and B -- Medicare Part A covers hospital (inpatient, formally admitted only), skilled nursing (only after being formally admitted for three days and not for custodial care), and hospice services; Part B covers outpatient services including some providers services while inpatient at a hospital. Part D covers self - administered prescription drugs. Part C is an alternative called Managed Medicare by the Trustees that allows patients to choose plans with at least the same benefits as Parts A and B (but most often more), often the benefits of Part D, and always an annual out of pocket spend limit which A and B lack; the beneficiary must enroll in Parts A and B first before signing up for Part C. Title: Arizona's 5th congressional district Passage: Representative Party Years Congress (es) Electoral history Description and Counties James F. McNulty, Jr. Democratic January 3, 1983 -- January 3, 1985 98 Lost re-election Southeast Arizona, including parts of Tucson: Cochise, Greenlee, Graham (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part), Santa Cruz (part) Jim Kolbe Republican January 3, 1985 -- January 3, 1993 99 100 101 102 Redistricted to the 8th district January 3, 1993 -- January 3, 2003 103 104 105 106 107 Southeast Arizona, including parts of Tucson: Cochise, Graham (part), Pima (part), Pinal (part) J.D. Hayworth Republican January 3, 2003 -- January 3, 2007 108 109 Redistricted from the 6th district Lost re-election Maricopa (part): Parts of Metro Phoenix Harry Mitchell Democratic January 3, 2007 -- January 3, 2011 110 111 Lost re-election David Schweikert Republican January 3, 2011 -- January 3, 2013 112 Redistricted to the 6th district Matt Salmon Republican January 3, 2013 -- January 3, 2017 113 114 First elected in 2012 Maricopa (part): Southeastern parts of Metro Phoenix Andy Biggs Republican January 3, 2017 -- 115 First elected in 2016 Title: Daybreak (Battlestar Galactica) Passage: ``Daybreak ''is the three - part series finale of the reimagined science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica, and are the 74th (labeled`` Daybreak, Part 1'' on the DVD) and 75th (labeled ``Daybreak, Parts 2 & 3 ''on the DVD) episodes overall. The episodes aired on the U.S. Sci Fi Channel and SPACE in Canada respectively on March 13 and March 20, 2009. The second part (`` Daybreak, Parts 2 & 3'') is double - length. The episodes were written by Ronald D. Moore, and directed by Michael Rymer. The Season 4.5 DVD and Blu - ray releases for Region 1 feature an extended version of the finale, which not only combines all three parts as a single episode, but also integrates it with new scenes not seen in the aired version of either part. The survivor count shown in the title sequence for Part 1 is 39,516. The survivor count shown in the title sequence for Part 2 is 39,406. At the end of Part 2, Admiral Adama announces the survivor population at approximately 38,000. Title: Uri Alps Passage: The Uri Alps (also known as "Urner Alps", ) are a mountain range in Central Switzerland and part of the Western Alps. They extend into the cantons of Obwalden, Valais, Bern, Uri and Nidwalden and are bordered by the Bernese Alps (Grimsel Pass) and the Emmental Alps to the west (the four lakes: Lungerersee, Sarnersee, Wichelsee, and Alpnachersee), the Schwyzer Alps to the north (Lake Lucerne), the Lepontine Alps to the south (the valley of Urseren with Andermatt) and the Glarus Alps to the east (Reuss). Title: Duchy of Jülich Passage: In 1794 Revolutionary France occupied the Duchy of Jülich (Duché de Juliers), which became part of the French département of the Roer. The Treaty of Lunéville in 1801 officially acknowledged the cession of Jülich to France. In 1815, following the defeat of Napoleon, the duchy became part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (after 1822 part of the Prussian Rhine Province), except for the cities Sittard and Tegelen, which became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Title: Avren, Varna Province Passage: Avren (, pronounced ) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Varna Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Avren Municipality in the eastern part of Varna Province. Title: Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency) Passage: Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is part of No. 32 Ghatal (Lok Sabha constituency). It was earlier part of Panskura (Lok Sabha constituency). Title: Montgomery, Vermont Passage: Montgomery is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 1,201, up from 992 in 2000. In 1963, part of Avery's Gore in Franklin County became part of Montgomery, with the other section becoming part of Belvidere in Lamoille County. Title: Gasera (woreda) Passage: Gasera is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of former Gaserana Gololcha woreda. It is part of the Bale Zone. The administrative center for the woreda is Gasera. Title: Jinonice Passage: Jinonice is a district of Prague, mostly part of Prague 5, but a small area is part of Prague 13. It is located on the north edge of Prokopské údolí national park. Jinonice has been a part of Prague city since 1922. Title: Graustock Passage: The Graustock is a mountain of the Urner Alps, located south of Engelberg in Central Switzerland. The summit is one of the two tripoints between the cantons of Berne, Nidwalden and Obwalden (the other being the Jochstock). Title: Alsace Passage: The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik Mülhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798. Alsace is frequently mentioned with and as part of Lorraine and the former duchy of Lorraine, since it was a vital part of the duchy, and later because German possession as the imperial province (Alsace-Lorraine, 1871–1918) was contested in the 19th and 20th centuries; France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years. Title: Stord (island) Passage: Stord is an island in Hordaland county, Norway. Located in the traditional district of Sunnhordland, the island is part of the municipalities of Stord (southern part) and Fitjar (northern part). The largest settlements on the island are the town of Leirvik (granted town status in 1997) and the villages of Sagvåg and Fitjar. Title: Wadera (woreda) Passage: Wadera is one of the woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It was part of former Adolana Wadera woreda. It is part of the Guji Zone. The largest town is Wadera. Title: Istočno Novo Sarajevo Passage: It was created from part of the pre-war municipality of Novo Sarajevo (the other part of the pre-war municipality is now in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina).	[ "Graustock", "Uri Alps" ]
2hop__675093_10369	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Park Geun - hye (Hangul: 박근혜; Hanja: 朴槿惠; RR: Bak Geun (-) hye; IPA: (pak ‿ k͈ɯn. hje); born 2 February 1952) is a former South Korean politician who served as the 18th President of South Korea from 2013 to 2017. Park was the first woman to be President of South Korea and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the country's founding; her predecessors were either born during Japanese rule or during the post-World War II transitional period.", "title": "Park Geun-hye" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The State of the Union address is a speech presented by the President of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress, except in the first year of a new president's term. The address not only reports on the condition of the nation but also allows the President to outline his legislative agenda (for which he needs the cooperation of Congress) and national priorities. The address fulfills rules in Article II, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, requiring the President to periodically give Congress information on the ``state of the union ''and recommend any measures that he believes are necessary and expedient. During most of the country's first century, the President primarily only submitted a written report to Congress. With the advent of radio and television, the address is now broadcast live across the country on most networks.", "title": "State of the Union" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991).", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The A13 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It runs from Jimeta on the Benue River in Adamawa State north, close to the eastern border of the country, to join the A4 highway near Bama in Borno State.", "title": "A13 highway (Nigeria)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "National Route 91 () is highway in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, stretching from Cần Thơ, the largest city in the delta, northwest toward the border town of Châu Đốc, near Cambodia. The highway continues into Cambodia as National Route 2 and eventually leads to the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh.", "title": "National Route 91 (Vietnam)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "M-86 is an east–west state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan in the southern portion of the Lower Peninsula. The highway starts at Business US Highway 131 (Bus. US 131) and M-60 in Three Rivers and ends at US Highway 12 (US 12) near Coldwater. In between, it crosses farm country and runs along a section of the Prairie River. Following a highway originally numbered M-7, the roadway was renumbered M-86 in 1940. It has been a part of the state highway system at least since 1927. Two other roadways carried the M-86 designation in the 1920s. Two bridges along the road are eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "M-86 (Michigan highway)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Larkspur is a summer village in Alberta, Canada. It is located north of Westlock and south of Athabasca, east of Highway 44 and west of Highway 2.", "title": "Larkspur, Alberta" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Highway 95 or the N-95 is one of Pakistan National Highway running from town of Chakdara in Lower Dir District to the town of Kalam in district of Swat via Mingora, Manglawar, Charbagh Khwazakhela, Madyan and Bahrain in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Its total length is 135 km, the highway is maintained and operated by Pakistan's National Highway Authority.", "title": "N-95 National Highway" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nebraska Highway 68 is a highway in central Nebraska. Its western terminus is at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 2 just south of Ravenna. Its eastern terminus is at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 58 in Rockville.", "title": "Nebraska Highway 68" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gamini Atukorale (2 April 1951 – 1 January 2002) was the former Transport, Highways and Civil Aviation Minister in Sri Lanka and former General Secretary and Deputy Leader of United National Party.", "title": "Gamini Atukorale" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States secretary of transportation is the head of the United States Department of Transportation, a member of the president's Cabinet, and fourteenth in the presidential Line of Succession. The post was created with the formation of the Department of Transportation on October 15, 1966, by President Lyndon B. Johnson's signing of the Department of Transportation Act. The department's mission is \"to develop and coordinate policies that will provide an efficient and economical national transportation system, with due regard for need, the environment, and the national defense.\" The secretary of transportation oversees eleven agencies, including the Federal Aviation Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. In April 2008, Mary Peters launched the official blog of the secretary of transportation called \"The Fast Lane\".", "title": "United States Secretary of Transportation" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilson is an unincorporated community in Menominee County, Michigan, United States. Wilson is located in Harris Township along U.S. Highway 2 (US 2), US 41 and the Canadian National Railway, east-northeast of Powers. Wilson has a post office with ZIP code 49896.", "title": "Wilson, Michigan" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "National Highway 2 is a major national highway of Djibouti. It connects Djibouti City to Loyada and the Somali border, where it continues to Zeila. It passes through the city and for much of its length passes along the coast of Djibouti on the way to Loyada.", "title": "National Highway 2 (Djibouti)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monivong Bridge (Khmer: ស្ពានព្រះមុនីវង្ស) is a heavily trafficked bridge in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It bridges the Bassac River near the end of National Highway 2 to southern Cambodia and lies along the National Highway 1 which connects the city to eastern Cambodia and Vietnam.", "title": "Monivong Bridge" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Derby Highway is a highway linking Great Northern Highway in Western Australia with the town of Derby. It is a 42 km long 2-lane single carriageway. In the town of Derby, its name changes to Loch Street, where it becomes a 2-lane divided carriageway.", "title": "Derby Highway" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, Interstate Freeways, or simply the Interstate) is a network of controlled - access highways that forms a part of the National Highway System of the United States. The system is named for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who championed its formation. Construction was authorized by the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, and the original portion was completed 35 years later, although some urban routes were cancelled and never built. The network has since been extended and, as of 2013, it had a total length of 47,856 miles (77,017 km). As of 2013, about one - quarter of all vehicle miles driven in the country use the Interstate system. In 2006, the cost of construction was estimated at about $425 billion (equivalent to $526 billion in 2016).", "title": "Interstate Highway System" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Life's Highway\" is a song written by Richard Leigh and Roger Murrah, and recorded by American country music artist Steve Wariner. It was released in March 1986 as the second single and title track from the album \"Life's Highway\" and was his fourth number-one hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was also number 2 hit in Canada.", "title": "Life's Highway (song)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pershing Map was the first blueprint for a national highway system in the United States, with many of the proposed roads later forming a substantial portion of the Interstate Highway System.", "title": "Pershing Map" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "National Route 493 is a national highway of Japan. The highway connects Kochi, Kochi and Tōyō, Kochi. It has a total length of .", "title": "Japan National Route 493" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Assa Hougoud () is a city in central Djibouti. It is situated at the crossroads of the National Highway 9 and National Highway 11.", "title": "Assa Hougoud" } ]	Who was the first president of the country where you can find National Highway 2?	Hassan Gouled Aptidon	[]	Title: National Highway 2 (Djibouti) Passage: National Highway 2 is a major national highway of Djibouti. It connects Djibouti City to Loyada and the Somali border, where it continues to Zeila. It passes through the city and for much of its length passes along the coast of Djibouti on the way to Loyada. Title: Gamini Atukorale Passage: Gamini Atukorale (2 April 1951 – 1 January 2002) was the former Transport, Highways and Civil Aviation Minister in Sri Lanka and former General Secretary and Deputy Leader of United National Party. Title: Derby Highway Passage: Derby Highway is a highway linking Great Northern Highway in Western Australia with the town of Derby. It is a 42 km long 2-lane single carriageway. In the town of Derby, its name changes to Loch Street, where it becomes a 2-lane divided carriageway. Title: N-95 National Highway Passage: The National Highway 95 or the N-95 is one of Pakistan National Highway running from town of Chakdara in Lower Dir District to the town of Kalam in district of Swat via Mingora, Manglawar, Charbagh Khwazakhela, Madyan and Bahrain in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Its total length is 135 km, the highway is maintained and operated by Pakistan's National Highway Authority. Title: National Route 91 (Vietnam) Passage: National Route 91 () is highway in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam, stretching from Cần Thơ, the largest city in the delta, northwest toward the border town of Châu Đốc, near Cambodia. The highway continues into Cambodia as National Route 2 and eventually leads to the Cambodian capital of Phnom Penh. Title: Monivong Bridge Passage: Monivong Bridge (Khmer: ស្ពានព្រះមុនីវង្ស) is a heavily trafficked bridge in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It bridges the Bassac River near the end of National Highway 2 to southern Cambodia and lies along the National Highway 1 which connects the city to eastern Cambodia and Vietnam. Title: Pershing Map Passage: The Pershing Map was the first blueprint for a national highway system in the United States, with many of the proposed roads later forming a substantial portion of the Interstate Highway System. Title: Nebraska Highway 68 Passage: Nebraska Highway 68 is a highway in central Nebraska. Its western terminus is at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 2 just south of Ravenna. Its eastern terminus is at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 58 in Rockville. Title: Wilson, Michigan Passage: Wilson is an unincorporated community in Menominee County, Michigan, United States. Wilson is located in Harris Township along U.S. Highway 2 (US 2), US 41 and the Canadian National Railway, east-northeast of Powers. Wilson has a post office with ZIP code 49896. Title: Park Geun-hye Passage: Park Geun - hye (Hangul: 박근혜; Hanja: 朴槿惠; RR: Bak Geun (-) hye; IPA: (pak ‿ k͈ɯn. hje); born 2 February 1952) is a former South Korean politician who served as the 18th President of South Korea from 2013 to 2017. Park was the first woman to be President of South Korea and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the country's founding; her predecessors were either born during Japanese rule or during the post-World War II transitional period. Title: State of the Union Passage: The State of the Union address is a speech presented by the President of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress, except in the first year of a new president's term. The address not only reports on the condition of the nation but also allows the President to outline his legislative agenda (for which he needs the cooperation of Congress) and national priorities. The address fulfills rules in Article II, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, requiring the President to periodically give Congress information on the ``state of the union ''and recommend any measures that he believes are necessary and expedient. During most of the country's first century, the President primarily only submitted a written report to Congress. With the advent of radio and television, the address is now broadcast live across the country on most networks. Title: Interstate Highway System Passage: The Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways (commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, Interstate Freeways, or simply the Interstate) is a network of controlled - access highways that forms a part of the National Highway System of the United States. The system is named for President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who championed its formation. Construction was authorized by the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956, and the original portion was completed 35 years later, although some urban routes were cancelled and never built. The network has since been extended and, as of 2013, it had a total length of 47,856 miles (77,017 km). As of 2013, about one - quarter of all vehicle miles driven in the country use the Interstate system. In 2006, the cost of construction was estimated at about $425 billion (equivalent to $526 billion in 2016). Title: M-86 (Michigan highway) Passage: M-86 is an east–west state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan in the southern portion of the Lower Peninsula. The highway starts at Business US Highway 131 (Bus. US 131) and M-60 in Three Rivers and ends at US Highway 12 (US 12) near Coldwater. In between, it crosses farm country and runs along a section of the Prairie River. Following a highway originally numbered M-7, the roadway was renumbered M-86 in 1940. It has been a part of the state highway system at least since 1927. Two other roadways carried the M-86 designation in the 1920s. Two bridges along the road are eligible for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: Somalis Passage: A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991). Title: Assa Hougoud Passage: Assa Hougoud () is a city in central Djibouti. It is situated at the crossroads of the National Highway 9 and National Highway 11. Title: A13 highway (Nigeria) Passage: The A13 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It runs from Jimeta on the Benue River in Adamawa State north, close to the eastern border of the country, to join the A4 highway near Bama in Borno State. Title: United States Secretary of Transportation Passage: The United States secretary of transportation is the head of the United States Department of Transportation, a member of the president's Cabinet, and fourteenth in the presidential Line of Succession. The post was created with the formation of the Department of Transportation on October 15, 1966, by President Lyndon B. Johnson's signing of the Department of Transportation Act. The department's mission is "to develop and coordinate policies that will provide an efficient and economical national transportation system, with due regard for need, the environment, and the national defense." The secretary of transportation oversees eleven agencies, including the Federal Aviation Administration, the Federal Highway Administration, and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. In April 2008, Mary Peters launched the official blog of the secretary of transportation called "The Fast Lane".	[ "Somalis", "National Highway 2 (Djibouti)" ]
3hop1__161080_158722_81270	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Most lead - based paint in the United Kingdom was banned from sale to the general public in 1992, apart from for specialist uses. Prior to this lead compounds had been used as the pigment and drying agent in different types of paint, for example brick and some tile paints", "title": "Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1995, California was the first state to enact a statewide smoking ban; throughout the early to mid-2000s, especially between 2004 and 2007, an increasing number of states enacted a statewide smoking ban of some kind. As of July 2017, the most recent statewide smoking ban is North Dakota's, which was ratified by voters on November 6, 2012.", "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom are \"Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or [for England]; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules [for Scotland]; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent [for Ireland]\". The supporters are the Lion and the Unicorn; the motto is \"Dieu et mon droit\" (French: \"God and my Right\"). Surrounding the shield is a representation of a Garter bearing the motto of the Chivalric order of the same name; \"Honi soit qui mal y pense\". (Old French: \"Shame be to him who thinks evil of it\"). In Scotland, the monarch uses an alternative form of the arms in which quarters I and IV represent Scotland, II England, and III Ireland. The mottoes are \"In Defens\" (an abbreviated form of the Scots \"In My Defens God Me Defend\") and the motto of the Order of the Thistle; \"Nemo me impune lacessit\". (Latin: \"No-one provokes me with impunity\"); the supporters are the unicorn and lion, who support both the escutcheon and lances, from which fly the flags of Scotland and England.", "title": "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights.", "title": "Nicotine marketing" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1958 premiership was however to be Collingwood's last for 32 years, as the club was to suffer a string of Grand Final defeats in coming decades.", "title": "Collingwood Football Club" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: On December 7, 2006, after passage by Ohio voters on November 7, 2006, Chapter 3794 (titled ``Smoking Ban '') of the Ohio Revised Code went into effect, banning smoking statewide in all enclosed workplaces in Ohio, including bars and restaurants. The law exempts (1) private residences except when being used as a business when employees other than the owner are present, (2) designated hotel / motel smoking rooms, (3) family - owned and operated businesses not open to the public where all employees are related to the owner, (4) designated smoking areas in nursing homes, (5) retail tobacco stores, (6) outdoor patios, (7) private clubs with no employees. The law is enforced by the Ohio Department of Health, which began enforcement on May 3, 2007. A business may be fined up to $2,500 and individuals $100 for violation of the ban. Local governments may regulate smoking more stringently than the state.", "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: Since January 1, 1995, smoking has been banned in all enclosed workplaces in California, including bars and restaurants (bars were excluded until January 1, 1998); these following areas were exempt until June 9, 2016: meeting and banquet rooms except while food or beverage functions are taking place (including set - up, service, and clean - up activities or when the room is being used for exhibit activities), retail or wholesale tobacco shops and private smokers lounges (i.e. cigar bars), truck cabs / tractors if no nonsmoking employees are present, theatrical production sites if smoking is an integral part of the story, medical research or treatment sites if smoking is integral to the research or treatment being conducted, private residences except homes licensed as family day care homes during the hours of operation and in those areas where children are present, and patient smoking areas in long - term health care facilities.", "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Love in a Puff () is a 2010 Hong Kong romantic comedy directed by Pang Ho-cheung and starring Shawn Yue and Miriam Yeung. The plot revolves around the love story of Cherie and Jimmy, two smokers who met at an outdoor smoking area subsequent to the ban of all indoor smoking areas in Hong Kong. The film is classified as a category 3 film in Hong Kong.", "title": "Love in a Puff" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "title": "Smoking ban in England" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard (the top). Pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder—using four courses of metal strings, which exert more pressure than the gut strings. The modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. There is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic F (f-hole). A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling.", "title": "Mandolin" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In April 1970, President Nixon signed into law the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on 2 January 1971. The Virginia Slims brand was the last commercial shown, with ``a 60 - second revue from flapper to Female Lib '', shown at 11: 59 p.m. on 1 January during a break on The Tonight Show. Smokeless tobacco ads, on the other hand, remained on the air until a ban took effect on 28 August 1986. Even further restrictions took effect under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Effective 22 June 2010, the new regulations prohibit tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events. Also, tobacco companies can no longer display their logos or advertise their products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. Eventually, the law is planned to require almost all tobacco advertisements to consist of black text on a white background, but the constitutionality of that requirement has come under scrutiny.", "title": "Nicotine marketing" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at Van Nuys Airport on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by the governor's press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident.", "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A smoking ban in England, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed work places in England, came into force on 1 July 2007 as a consequence of the Health Act 2006. Similar bans had already been introduced by the rest of the United Kingdom: in Scotland on 26 March 2006, Wales on 2 April 2007 and Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007.", "title": "Smoking ban in England" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Halo was a high end gay bar located at 1435 P Street, NW in the Logan Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. Founded in 2004 by Ed Bailey and John Guggenmos, Halo first gained attention by being one of the few smoke-free LGBT bars in Washington, D.C. before the citywide smoking ban was enacted in January 2007. Bailey and Guggenmos previously started other Washington, D.C. LGBT clubs and events including the Velvet Nation party at Nation, Tracks, Millennium at the , Ozone, and Cobalt. In 2007, Bailey and Guggenmos sold their remaining share of Halo to Babak Movahedi and opened Town Danceboutique on U Street, NW.", "title": "Halo (bar)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saint Petersburg Lions was a professional basketball team in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The team was created in 2000 by a consortium of Italian and Swiss sponsors at the lead of Interperformances basketball agency. They were banned by the Russian Basketball Federation due to their participation in the newly created Euroleague run by Euroleague Basketball Company during the 2000-01 season. The Russian federation had actually agreed to send its representatives to the SuproLeague, run by FIBA Europe. When the merger of the two competitions the following year occurred, the Lions were dissolved.", "title": "Saint Petersburg Lions" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Two for the Lions is a 1998 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the 10th book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome and Tripolitania between December AD 73 and May AD 74, during the reign of Emperor Vespasian, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The title refers to the execution of criminals in the arena, by trained lions.", "title": "Two for the Lions" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Former Army Ranger Mike Banning (Gerard Butler) is the lead U.S. Secret Service agent assigned to head the U.S. Presidential detail. Banning maintains a personal, friendly relationship with President Benjamin Asher (Aaron Eckhart), First Lady Margaret (Ashley Judd) and their son Connor (Finley Jacobsen). During a snowy Christmas evening drive from Camp David to a campaign fundraiser, the car transporting the First Family spins out of control on a bridge due to icy conditions; Banning pulls Asher from the vehicle, but Margaret falls to her death while inside the car.", "title": "Olympus Has Fallen" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Smily / Biidama\" (Smily / ビー玉; Smily / Marble) is Ai Otsuka's eighth single, which was released on 11 May 2005. \"Smily\" was used in a television commercial for Lion's Ban Powder Spray, while \"Biidama\" is being used in a commercial for Shokubutsu Monogatari Herb Blend shampoo, also by Lion. Otsuka appears in both commercials.", "title": "Smily/Bīdama" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Queen Margaret and her son had fled to north Wales, parts of which were still in Lancastrian hands. They later travelled by sea to Scotland to negotiate for Scottish assistance. Mary of Gueldres, Queen Consort to James II of Scotland, agreed to give Margaret an army on condition that she cede the town of Berwick to Scotland and Mary's daughter be betrothed to Prince Edward. Margaret agreed, although she had no funds to pay her army and could only promise booty from the riches of southern England, as long as no looting took place north of the River Trent.", "title": "Wars of the Roses" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds.", "title": "Smoking in Ireland" } ]	When was smoking banned in the country with a coat of arms that has a stringed agent, the way a lion is to the country they travelled to?	29 March 2004	[]	Title: Smoking in Ireland Passage: Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds. Title: Monarchy of the United Kingdom Passage: The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom are "Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or [for England]; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules [for Scotland]; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent [for Ireland]". The supporters are the Lion and the Unicorn; the motto is "Dieu et mon droit" (French: "God and my Right"). Surrounding the shield is a representation of a Garter bearing the motto of the Chivalric order of the same name; "Honi soit qui mal y pense". (Old French: "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it"). In Scotland, the monarch uses an alternative form of the arms in which quarters I and IV represent Scotland, II England, and III Ireland. The mottoes are "In Defens" (an abbreviated form of the Scots "In My Defens God Me Defend") and the motto of the Order of the Thistle; "Nemo me impune lacessit". (Latin: "No-one provokes me with impunity"); the supporters are the unicorn and lion, who support both the escutcheon and lances, from which fly the flags of Scotland and England. Title: Two for the Lions Passage: Two for the Lions is a 1998 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the 10th book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome and Tripolitania between December AD 73 and May AD 74, during the reign of Emperor Vespasian, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The title refers to the execution of criminals in the arena, by trained lions. Title: Mandolin Passage: Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard (the top). Pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments, strung with as many as six courses of gut strings, and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill. However, modern instruments are louder—using four courses of metal strings, which exert more pressure than the gut strings. The modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments. The soundboard comes in many shapes—but generally round or teardrop-shaped, sometimes with scrolls or other projections. There is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard, either round, oval, or shaped like a calligraphic F (f-hole). A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling. Title: Nicotine marketing Passage: After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights. Title: Smily/Bīdama Passage: "Smily / Biidama" (Smily / ビー玉; Smily / Marble) is Ai Otsuka's eighth single, which was released on 11 May 2005. "Smily" was used in a television commercial for Lion's Ban Powder Spray, while "Biidama" is being used in a commercial for Shokubutsu Monogatari Herb Blend shampoo, also by Lion. Otsuka appears in both commercials. Title: Love in a Puff Passage: Love in a Puff () is a 2010 Hong Kong romantic comedy directed by Pang Ho-cheung and starring Shawn Yue and Miriam Yeung. The plot revolves around the love story of Cherie and Jimmy, two smokers who met at an outdoor smoking area subsequent to the ban of all indoor smoking areas in Hong Kong. The film is classified as a category 3 film in Hong Kong. Title: Smoking ban in England Passage: A smoking ban in England, making it illegal to smoke in all enclosed work places in England, came into force on 1 July 2007 as a consequence of the Health Act 2006. Similar bans had already been introduced by the rest of the United Kingdom: in Scotland on 26 March 2006, Wales on 2 April 2007 and Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007. Title: Olympus Has Fallen Passage: Former Army Ranger Mike Banning (Gerard Butler) is the lead U.S. Secret Service agent assigned to head the U.S. Presidential detail. Banning maintains a personal, friendly relationship with President Benjamin Asher (Aaron Eckhart), First Lady Margaret (Ashley Judd) and their son Connor (Finley Jacobsen). During a snowy Christmas evening drive from Camp David to a campaign fundraiser, the car transporting the First Family spins out of control on a bridge due to icy conditions; Banning pulls Asher from the vehicle, but Margaret falls to her death while inside the car. Title: Arnold Schwarzenegger Passage: Schwarzenegger's private jet made an emergency landing at Van Nuys Airport on June 19, 2009, after the pilot reported smoke coming from the cockpit, according to a statement released by the governor's press secretary. No one was harmed in the incident. Title: Halo (bar) Passage: Halo was a high end gay bar located at 1435 P Street, NW in the Logan Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C., United States. Founded in 2004 by Ed Bailey and John Guggenmos, Halo first gained attention by being one of the few smoke-free LGBT bars in Washington, D.C. before the citywide smoking ban was enacted in January 2007. Bailey and Guggenmos previously started other Washington, D.C. LGBT clubs and events including the Velvet Nation party at Nation, Tracks, Millennium at the , Ozone, and Cobalt. In 2007, Bailey and Guggenmos sold their remaining share of Halo to Babak Movahedi and opened Town Danceboutique on U Street, NW. Title: Collingwood Football Club Passage: The 1958 premiership was however to be Collingwood's last for 32 years, as the club was to suffer a string of Grand Final defeats in coming decades. Title: Lead-based paint in the United Kingdom Passage: Most lead - based paint in the United Kingdom was banned from sale to the general public in 1992, apart from for specialist uses. Prior to this lead compounds had been used as the pigment and drying agent in different types of paint, for example brick and some tile paints Title: List of smoking bans in the United States Passage: Statewide smoking ban: On December 7, 2006, after passage by Ohio voters on November 7, 2006, Chapter 3794 (titled ``Smoking Ban '') of the Ohio Revised Code went into effect, banning smoking statewide in all enclosed workplaces in Ohio, including bars and restaurants. The law exempts (1) private residences except when being used as a business when employees other than the owner are present, (2) designated hotel / motel smoking rooms, (3) family - owned and operated businesses not open to the public where all employees are related to the owner, (4) designated smoking areas in nursing homes, (5) retail tobacco stores, (6) outdoor patios, (7) private clubs with no employees. The law is enforced by the Ohio Department of Health, which began enforcement on May 3, 2007. A business may be fined up to $2,500 and individuals $100 for violation of the ban. Local governments may regulate smoking more stringently than the state. Title: Nicotine marketing Passage: In April 1970, President Nixon signed into law the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on 2 January 1971. The Virginia Slims brand was the last commercial shown, with ``a 60 - second revue from flapper to Female Lib '', shown at 11: 59 p.m. on 1 January during a break on The Tonight Show. Smokeless tobacco ads, on the other hand, remained on the air until a ban took effect on 28 August 1986. Even further restrictions took effect under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Effective 22 June 2010, the new regulations prohibit tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events. Also, tobacco companies can no longer display their logos or advertise their products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. Eventually, the law is planned to require almost all tobacco advertisements to consist of black text on a white background, but the constitutionality of that requirement has come under scrutiny. Title: List of smoking bans in the United States Passage: In 1995, California was the first state to enact a statewide smoking ban; throughout the early to mid-2000s, especially between 2004 and 2007, an increasing number of states enacted a statewide smoking ban of some kind. As of July 2017, the most recent statewide smoking ban is North Dakota's, which was ratified by voters on November 6, 2012. Title: Wars of the Roses Passage: Queen Margaret and her son had fled to north Wales, parts of which were still in Lancastrian hands. They later travelled by sea to Scotland to negotiate for Scottish assistance. Mary of Gueldres, Queen Consort to James II of Scotland, agreed to give Margaret an army on condition that she cede the town of Berwick to Scotland and Mary's daughter be betrothed to Prince Edward. Margaret agreed, although she had no funds to pay her army and could only promise booty from the riches of southern England, as long as no looting took place north of the River Trent.	[ "Monarchy of the United Kingdom", "Wars of the Roses", "Smoking in Ireland" ]
2hop__485142_56101	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orchestral Favorites is an album by Frank Zappa first released in May 1979 on his own DiscReet Records label. The album is instrumental and features music performed by the 37-piece Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra.", "title": "Orchestral Favorites" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a \"peculiar shape\" and \"crude construction,\" and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were \"superior\" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin.", "title": "Mandolin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had \"the germ of a great invention\". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, \"Get it!\" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that.", "title": "Alexander Graham Bell" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Seven Days is an album recorded by jazz musician Jan Hammer in 1975. It features extensive use of synthesizers, including the synthesized \"guitar\" parts (as on his follow-up album, \"Oh Yeah?\"), with the record jacket stating, \"For those concerned: there is \"no guitar\" on this album.\" Other instruments used are grand piano, electric violin and percussion.", "title": "The First Seven Days" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Trimline telephone is a series of telephones produced by Western Electric, the manufacturing unit of the Bell System, and first introduced in 1965. It was designed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates under the project direction of Donald Genaro; the firm had designed all previous desktop telephone models for the American Telephone & Telegraph conglomerate.", "title": "Trimline telephone" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period.", "title": "Bass guitar" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.", "title": "Vacuum" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Being a private facility, it is situated inside the Meralco Center at Ortigas Avenue in Pasig City. The transformation of the JFCH into an integrated corporate wellness center made the Manila Electric Company the first corporation in the Philippines to institutionalize the implementation of such a program.", "title": "John F. Cotton Corporate Wellness Center" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "John Willie \"Shifty\" Henry (4 October 1921 – 30 November 1958) was an American musician, most noted as a double bass and bass guitar player, and blues songwriter. He also played flute, violin, viola, saxophone, and oboe and was in demand as a session musician and arranger in Los Angeles in the 1940s and 1950s. He was also active in Los Angeles' live jazz scene on Central Avenue.", "title": "Shifty Henry" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The typical symphony orchestra consists of four groups of related musical instruments called the woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings (violin, viola, cello and double bass). Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes be grouped into a fifth section such as a keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and electric and electronic instruments. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all of the standard instruments in each group.", "title": "Orchestra" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The PP-2000 (Russian: ПП-2000) is a submachine gun/machine pistol made by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It was first publicly displayed at the Interpolytech-2004 exhibition in Moscow even though its patent was filed in 2001 and issued in 2003.", "title": "PP-2000" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Starry Eyed Surprise\" is a song produced by Paul Oakenfold. It features vocals by Shifty Shellshock of Crazy Town. The song was released in July 2002 as the second single from Oakenfold's album \"Bunkka\", reaching number six in the United Kingdom, number 19 in the Netherlands and New Zealand, number 21 in Ireland, and number 37 in Australia. It also reached the top 50 in Italy and the United States. It was later included on Shifty Shellshock's 2004 album \"Happy Love Sick\", and Oakenfold's 2007 album \"Greatest Hits & Remixes, Vol. 1\".", "title": "Starry Eyed Surprise" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a \"grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound\" on records such as James Cotton's \"Cotton Crop Blues\" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental \"Rumble\" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as \"Let's Go Trippin'\" (1961) and \"Misirlou\" (1962).", "title": "Hard rock" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colin Patrick Henry Meloy (born October 5, 1974) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and author best known as the frontman of the Portland, Oregon, indie folk rock band The Decemberists. In addition to vocals, he performs with an acoustic guitar, 12-string acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bouzouki, harmonica and percussion instruments.", "title": "Colin Meloy" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ned Steinberger (b. Princeton, New Jersey, 1948) is an American creator of innovative musical instruments. He is most notable for his design of guitars and basses without a traditional headstock, which are called Steinberger instruments. He also has a line of electric basses and string instruments through his company called NS Design and was also the designer of the first ever Spector bass, the NS. In addition, Ned and Emmett Chapman, creator of the Chapman Stick, collaborated on the creation of the NS Stick, a guitar/bass \"multi-mode\" instrument sold by Stick Enterprises.", "title": "Ned Steinberger" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"All Summer Long\" is a song by Welsh musician and composer John Cale. It was released as a digital single in August 2013, while on the B-side was the song \"Sandman (Flying Dutchman)\" from Cale's album \"Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood\" from the previous year. \"All Summer Long\" was released only on this single, but not on any studio album. It was recorded during the recording sessions for \"Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood\".", "title": "All Summer Long (John Cale song)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Before the advent of the ASA system, the system of Weston film speed ratings was introduced by Edward Faraday Weston (1878–1971) and his father Dr. Edward Weston (1850–1936), a British-born electrical engineer, industrialist and founder of the US-based Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, with the Weston model 617, one of the earliest photo-electric exposure meters, in August 1932. The meter and film rating system were invented by William Nelson Goodwin, Jr., who worked for them and later received a Howard N. Potts Medal for his contributions to engineering.", "title": "Film speed" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bitches Brew is a studio double album by American jazz musician, composer, and bandleader Miles Davis, released on March 30, 1970 on Columbia Records. It marked his continuing experimentation with electric instruments that he had previously featured on the critically acclaimed \"In a Silent Way\" (1969). With these instruments, such as the electric piano and guitar, Davis rejected traditional jazz rhythms in favor of loose, rock-influenced arrangements based on improvisation.", "title": "Bitches Brew" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electric Café is the ninth studio album by the electronic group Kraftwerk, originally released in 1986. In October 2009 it was re-released under its original working title, Techno Pop. The initial 1986 \"Electric Café\" came in versions sung in English and German, as well as a limited \"Edición Española\" release, featuring versions of \"Techno Pop\" and \"Sex Object\" with only Spanish lyrics. It was the first Kraftwerk LP to be created using predominantly digital musical instruments, although the finished product was still recorded onto analog master tapes.", "title": "Electric Café" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1985, in a campaign initiated by then CBS Musical Instruments division president William Schultz (1926 -- 2006), the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company employees purchased the company from CBS and renamed it Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Behind the Fender name, FMIC has retained Fender's older models along with newer designs and concepts. The sale however did not include the old Fullerton factory; FMIC had to build a new facility in nearby Corona.", "title": "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation" } ]	When was the first electric version of Shifty Henry's instrument made?	the 1930s	[]	Title: Bitches Brew Passage: Bitches Brew is a studio double album by American jazz musician, composer, and bandleader Miles Davis, released on March 30, 1970 on Columbia Records. It marked his continuing experimentation with electric instruments that he had previously featured on the critically acclaimed "In a Silent Way" (1969). With these instruments, such as the electric piano and guitar, Davis rejected traditional jazz rhythms in favor of loose, rock-influenced arrangements based on improvisation. Title: Film speed Passage: Before the advent of the ASA system, the system of Weston film speed ratings was introduced by Edward Faraday Weston (1878–1971) and his father Dr. Edward Weston (1850–1936), a British-born electrical engineer, industrialist and founder of the US-based Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, with the Weston model 617, one of the earliest photo-electric exposure meters, in August 1932. The meter and film rating system were invented by William Nelson Goodwin, Jr., who worked for them and later received a Howard N. Potts Medal for his contributions to engineering. Title: Fender Musical Instruments Corporation Passage: In 1985, in a campaign initiated by then CBS Musical Instruments division president William Schultz (1926 -- 2006), the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company employees purchased the company from CBS and renamed it Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Behind the Fender name, FMIC has retained Fender's older models along with newer designs and concepts. The sale however did not include the old Fullerton factory; FMIC had to build a new facility in nearby Corona. Title: John F. Cotton Corporate Wellness Center Passage: Being a private facility, it is situated inside the Meralco Center at Ortigas Avenue in Pasig City. The transformation of the JFCH into an integrated corporate wellness center made the Manila Electric Company the first corporation in the Philippines to institutionalize the implementation of such a program. Title: PP-2000 Passage: The PP-2000 (Russian: ПП-2000) is a submachine gun/machine pistol made by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It was first publicly displayed at the Interpolytech-2004 exhibition in Moscow even though its patent was filed in 2001 and issued in 2003. Title: All Summer Long (John Cale song) Passage: "All Summer Long" is a song by Welsh musician and composer John Cale. It was released as a digital single in August 2013, while on the B-side was the song "Sandman (Flying Dutchman)" from Cale's album "Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood" from the previous year. "All Summer Long" was released only on this single, but not on any studio album. It was recorded during the recording sessions for "Shifty Adventures in Nookie Wood". Title: The First Seven Days Passage: The First Seven Days is an album recorded by jazz musician Jan Hammer in 1975. It features extensive use of synthesizers, including the synthesized "guitar" parts (as on his follow-up album, "Oh Yeah?"), with the record jacket stating, "For those concerned: there is "no guitar" on this album." Other instruments used are grand piano, electric violin and percussion. Title: Ned Steinberger Passage: Ned Steinberger (b. Princeton, New Jersey, 1948) is an American creator of innovative musical instruments. He is most notable for his design of guitars and basses without a traditional headstock, which are called Steinberger instruments. He also has a line of electric basses and string instruments through his company called NS Design and was also the designer of the first ever Spector bass, the NS. In addition, Ned and Emmett Chapman, creator of the Chapman Stick, collaborated on the creation of the NS Stick, a guitar/bass "multi-mode" instrument sold by Stick Enterprises. Title: Bass guitar Passage: In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period. Title: Mandolin Passage: Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a "peculiar shape" and "crude construction," and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were "superior" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin. Title: Electric Café Passage: Electric Café is the ninth studio album by the electronic group Kraftwerk, originally released in 1986. In October 2009 it was re-released under its original working title, Techno Pop. The initial 1986 "Electric Café" came in versions sung in English and German, as well as a limited "Edición Española" release, featuring versions of "Techno Pop" and "Sex Object" with only Spanish lyrics. It was the first Kraftwerk LP to be created using predominantly digital musical instruments, although the finished product was still recorded onto analog master tapes. Title: Orchestral Favorites Passage: Orchestral Favorites is an album by Frank Zappa first released in May 1979 on his own DiscReet Records label. The album is instrumental and features music performed by the 37-piece Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra. Title: Alexander Graham Bell Passage: In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had "the germ of a great invention". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, "Get it!" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that. Title: Colin Meloy Passage: Colin Patrick Henry Meloy (born October 5, 1974) is an American musician, singer-songwriter and author best known as the frontman of the Portland, Oregon, indie folk rock band The Decemberists. In addition to vocals, he performs with an acoustic guitar, 12-string acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bouzouki, harmonica and percussion instruments. Title: Hard rock Passage: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962). Title: Trimline telephone Passage: The Trimline telephone is a series of telephones produced by Western Electric, the manufacturing unit of the Bell System, and first introduced in 1965. It was designed by Henry Dreyfuss Associates under the project direction of Donald Genaro; the firm had designed all previous desktop telephone models for the American Telephone & Telegraph conglomerate. Title: Shifty Henry Passage: John Willie "Shifty" Henry (4 October 1921 – 30 November 1958) was an American musician, most noted as a double bass and bass guitar player, and blues songwriter. He also played flute, violin, viola, saxophone, and oboe and was in demand as a session musician and arranger in Los Angeles in the 1940s and 1950s. He was also active in Los Angeles' live jazz scene on Central Avenue.	[ "Bass guitar", "Shifty Henry" ]
2hop__106299_91818	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing.", "title": "Milanko Petrović" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nightwish is a symphonic metal band from Kitee, Finland. The band was formed in 1996 by lead songwriter and keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, guitarist Emppu Vuorinen, and former lead singer Tarja Turunen. The band soon picked up drummer Jukka Nevalainen, and then bassist Sami Vänskä after the release of their debut album, \"Angels Fall First\" (1997). In 2001, Vänskä was replaced by Marco Hietala, who also took over the male vocalist role previously filled by Holopainen or guest singers.", "title": "Nightwish" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arianne Jones (born September 21, 1990) is a Canadian luger who has competed since 2005. Jones has also qualified to compete for Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia by winning a last chance race off with another teammate. She placed 13th overall in the 2014 Olympic Games, with other outstanding achievements including her first bronze medal in the 2014 Calgary Luge World Cup and a gold medal in the Team Relay portion of 2016 Winterberg Luge World Cup in Germany.", "title": "Arianne Jones" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, \"We Are the Best!\" was released in its home country of Sweden on 11 October 2013. The film was later released in Denmark on 29 May 2014 and in the United States (via limited release) on 30 May 2014.", "title": "We Are the Best!" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mitchell Gourley (born 2 June 1991) is an Australian Paralympic alpine skier who competed for Australia in the downhill, super-G, giant slalom, slalom and super combined events at the 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver and 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, but did not win a medal. At the 2017 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships in Tarvisio, Italy he won the gold medal in the Men's Super Combined Standing. He was Australian team co-captain at the 2018 Winter Paralympics.", "title": "Mitchell Gourley" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ali competed in the 100m, 200m and 400m in the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics. Although he did not win any medals in the 2000 games he did win the bronze medal in the T37 400m in 2004.", "title": "Ali Al Ansari" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nicolae Butacu (born 15 July 1974) is a retired freestyle and backstroke swimmer from Romania, who represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. He is best known for winning two silver medals at the 1996 European SC Championships in Rostock.", "title": "Nicolae Butacu" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexandre Bilodeau (French pronunciation: (bilɔdo); born September 8, 1987) is a retired Canadian freestyle skier from Montreal, Quebec. Bilodeau currently resides in Rosemère, Quebec. Bilodeau won a gold medal in the men's moguls at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, becoming the first Canadian to win a gold medal at an Olympic Games held in Canada. At the 2014 Winter Olympics, he became the first Olympian in history to defend his gold medal in any freestyle skiing event as well as the first Canadian to defend an individual title since Catriona Le May Doan at the 2002 Winter Olympics. Bilodeau is a three - time FIS World Champion in dual moguls, and is also a two - time Worlds silver medalist in moguls. He was the FIS World Cup champion for the 2008 -- 09 season winning the moguls and overall freestyle skiing title that season. In his final World Cup race, he retired with a win, and in doing so, surpassed Jean - Luc Brassard for the most World Cup medals by a Canadian.", "title": "Alexandre Bilodeau" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A total of 131 athletes won medals at the 1960 Games. The Soviet Union was awarded the most medals, with its athletes winning seven gold medals, five silver, and nine bronze, for a total of 21 medals overall. The United States placed second in medal count, with a total of 10 medals, and Germany placed third, with eight medals overall. Of the 30 NOCs competing in the 1960 Games, 14 won at least one medal, with 10 of these winning at least one gold medal. There was a bronze medal awarded to Theron Bailie, USA, for the development of the digital clock used for the first time in downhill skiing.", "title": "List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Haiti competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The country's delegation consisted of two track and field athletes, V.A. Theard and Silvio Cator. Cator took second place in the long jump, winning Haiti's first silver medal and the second medal for Haiti of any type.", "title": "Haiti at the 1928 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chioma Ajunwa - Opara, MON (born 25 December 1970) -- also known as Chioma Ajunwa -- is a Nigerian former athlete who specialised in the long jump. After various setbacks in her career she achieved fame when she became the first athlete in her country to win an Olympic gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, and to date remains Nigeria's only individual Olympic gold medalist. Chioma Ajunwa is the first black African woman to win an Olympic gold medal in a field event. Ajunwa is also an officer with the Nigerian Police Force.", "title": "Chioma Ajunwa" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mongolian athletes have won a total of 26 medals, all in Summer Olympics competitions, in freestyle wrestling, boxing, shooting, and judo. Prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, Mongolia had won more silver and bronze medals without winning any gold medals than any other nation. Mongolia won their first ever gold medal in the Judo, with Naidangiin Tüvshinbayar winning in the Men's half heavyweight.", "title": "Mongolia at the Olympics" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tyron Akins (born 6 January 1986) is a US-born hurdler competing internationally for Nigeria. He switched allegiance from his country of birth to Nigeria in 2014 and has since won several medals on the continental level.", "title": "Tyron Akins" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2012 Summer Olympics saw an 83 - member Indian contingent participating in the games and setting a new best for the country with a total of six medals. Wrestler Sushil Kumar became the first Indian with multiple individual Olympic medals (bronze at the 2008 Beijing Olympics and silver at the 2012 Summer Olympics) since Norman Pritchard in 1900. Saina Nehwal won bronze medal in badminton in Women's singles getting the country's first Olympic medal in badminton. Pugilist Mary Kom became the first Indian woman to win a medal in boxing with her bronze medal finish in Women's flyweight category.", "title": "India at the Olympics" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 11, 2012, Nightwish announced on their website that the second single \"The Crow, the Owl and the Dove\" would be released on February 29. Roadrunner Records announced that Nightwish would be releasing a 10-inch LP titled \"Trials of Imaginaerum\" in conjunction with Record Store Day (April 21, 2012). The 10\" LP is a two-sided picture disk, which contains four early demos of \"Storytime\", \"The Crow, The Owl and The Dove\", \"I Want My Tears Back\" and \"Slow, Love, Slow\".", "title": "Nightwish" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Finland at the 2014 Winter Olympics IOC code FIN NOC Finnish Olympic Committee Website sport.fi/olympiakomitea (in Finnish) (in Swedish) in Sochi Competitors 103 in 9 sports Flag bearer Enni Rukajärvi (opening) Iivo Niskanen (closing) Medals Ranked 18th Gold Silver Bronze Total 5 Officials 123 Winter Olympics appearances (overview) 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1998 2002 2006 2014 2018 Other related appearances 1906 Intercalated Games", "title": "Finland at the 2014 Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alice Coachman Davis (November 9, 1923 -- July 14, 2014) was an American athlete. She specialized in high jump and was the first black woman to win an Olympic gold medal.", "title": "Alice Coachman" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christoph Kunz (born 24 March 1982) is an alpine skier who won a gold and a silver medal for Switzerland at the 2010 Winter Paralympics. Kunz also represented Switzerland at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi winning a gold medal in the giant slalom.", "title": "Christoph Kunz" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India is the most successful team ever in Olympics, having won eight Olympics gold medals till date. Their 2014 Team (who qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics after winning gold at the Asian Games) is ranked sixth in the world.", "title": "India men's national field hockey team" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Hamilton Speirs (22 March 1886 – 20 August 1917) was a Scottish footballer who represented his country on one occasion, scored the winning goal in the 1911 FA Cup Final, and received the Military Medal during the First World War.", "title": "Jimmy Speirs" } ]	How many medals did the country Nightwish comes from win in 2014?	5	[]	Title: Nightwish Passage: Nightwish is a symphonic metal band from Kitee, Finland. The band was formed in 1996 by lead songwriter and keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, guitarist Emppu Vuorinen, and former lead singer Tarja Turunen. The band soon picked up drummer Jukka Nevalainen, and then bassist Sami Vänskä after the release of their debut album, "Angels Fall First" (1997). In 2001, Vänskä was replaced by Marco Hietala, who also took over the male vocalist role previously filled by Holopainen or guest singers. Title: Arianne Jones Passage: Arianne Jones (born September 21, 1990) is a Canadian luger who has competed since 2005. Jones has also qualified to compete for Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia by winning a last chance race off with another teammate. She placed 13th overall in the 2014 Olympic Games, with other outstanding achievements including her first bronze medal in the 2014 Calgary Luge World Cup and a gold medal in the Team Relay portion of 2016 Winterberg Luge World Cup in Germany. Title: Alice Coachman Passage: Alice Coachman Davis (November 9, 1923 -- July 14, 2014) was an American athlete. She specialized in high jump and was the first black woman to win an Olympic gold medal. Title: Finland at the 2014 Winter Olympics Passage: Finland at the 2014 Winter Olympics IOC code FIN NOC Finnish Olympic Committee Website sport.fi/olympiakomitea (in Finnish) (in Swedish) in Sochi Competitors 103 in 9 sports Flag bearer Enni Rukajärvi (opening) Iivo Niskanen (closing) Medals Ranked 18th Gold Silver Bronze Total 5 Officials 123 Winter Olympics appearances (overview) 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1998 2002 2006 2014 2018 Other related appearances 1906 Intercalated Games Title: Chioma Ajunwa Passage: Chioma Ajunwa - Opara, MON (born 25 December 1970) -- also known as Chioma Ajunwa -- is a Nigerian former athlete who specialised in the long jump. After various setbacks in her career she achieved fame when she became the first athlete in her country to win an Olympic gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, and to date remains Nigeria's only individual Olympic gold medalist. Chioma Ajunwa is the first black African woman to win an Olympic gold medal in a field event. Ajunwa is also an officer with the Nigerian Police Force. Title: Nightwish Passage: On January 11, 2012, Nightwish announced on their website that the second single "The Crow, the Owl and the Dove" would be released on February 29. Roadrunner Records announced that Nightwish would be releasing a 10-inch LP titled "Trials of Imaginaerum" in conjunction with Record Store Day (April 21, 2012). The 10" LP is a two-sided picture disk, which contains four early demos of "Storytime", "The Crow, The Owl and The Dove", "I Want My Tears Back" and "Slow, Love, Slow". Title: Tyron Akins Passage: Tyron Akins (born 6 January 1986) is a US-born hurdler competing internationally for Nigeria. He switched allegiance from his country of birth to Nigeria in 2014 and has since won several medals on the continental level. Title: Ali Al Ansari Passage: Ali competed in the 100m, 200m and 400m in the 2000 and 2004 Summer Paralympics. Although he did not win any medals in the 2000 games he did win the bronze medal in the T37 400m in 2004. Title: We Are the Best! Passage: Following its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, "We Are the Best!" was released in its home country of Sweden on 11 October 2013. The film was later released in Denmark on 29 May 2014 and in the United States (via limited release) on 30 May 2014. Title: Christoph Kunz Passage: Christoph Kunz (born 24 March 1982) is an alpine skier who won a gold and a silver medal for Switzerland at the 2010 Winter Paralympics. Kunz also represented Switzerland at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi winning a gold medal in the giant slalom. Title: Haiti at the 1928 Summer Olympics Passage: Haiti competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam, Netherlands. The country's delegation consisted of two track and field athletes, V.A. Theard and Silvio Cator. Cator took second place in the long jump, winning Haiti's first silver medal and the second medal for Haiti of any type. Title: Alexandre Bilodeau Passage: Alexandre Bilodeau (French pronunciation: (bilɔdo); born September 8, 1987) is a retired Canadian freestyle skier from Montreal, Quebec. Bilodeau currently resides in Rosemère, Quebec. Bilodeau won a gold medal in the men's moguls at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, becoming the first Canadian to win a gold medal at an Olympic Games held in Canada. At the 2014 Winter Olympics, he became the first Olympian in history to defend his gold medal in any freestyle skiing event as well as the first Canadian to defend an individual title since Catriona Le May Doan at the 2002 Winter Olympics. Bilodeau is a three - time FIS World Champion in dual moguls, and is also a two - time Worlds silver medalist in moguls. He was the FIS World Cup champion for the 2008 -- 09 season winning the moguls and overall freestyle skiing title that season. In his final World Cup race, he retired with a win, and in doing so, surpassed Jean - Luc Brassard for the most World Cup medals by a Canadian. Title: India men's national field hockey team Passage: India is the most successful team ever in Olympics, having won eight Olympics gold medals till date. Their 2014 Team (who qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics after winning gold at the Asian Games) is ranked sixth in the world. Title: Mitchell Gourley Passage: Mitchell Gourley (born 2 June 1991) is an Australian Paralympic alpine skier who competed for Australia in the downhill, super-G, giant slalom, slalom and super combined events at the 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver and 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, but did not win a medal. At the 2017 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships in Tarvisio, Italy he won the gold medal in the Men's Super Combined Standing. He was Australian team co-captain at the 2018 Winter Paralympics. Title: Milanko Petrović Passage: Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing. Title: List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners Passage: A total of 131 athletes won medals at the 1960 Games. The Soviet Union was awarded the most medals, with its athletes winning seven gold medals, five silver, and nine bronze, for a total of 21 medals overall. The United States placed second in medal count, with a total of 10 medals, and Germany placed third, with eight medals overall. Of the 30 NOCs competing in the 1960 Games, 14 won at least one medal, with 10 of these winning at least one gold medal. There was a bronze medal awarded to Theron Bailie, USA, for the development of the digital clock used for the first time in downhill skiing. Title: India at the Olympics Passage: The 2012 Summer Olympics saw an 83 - member Indian contingent participating in the games and setting a new best for the country with a total of six medals. Wrestler Sushil Kumar became the first Indian with multiple individual Olympic medals (bronze at the 2008 Beijing Olympics and silver at the 2012 Summer Olympics) since Norman Pritchard in 1900. Saina Nehwal won bronze medal in badminton in Women's singles getting the country's first Olympic medal in badminton. Pugilist Mary Kom became the first Indian woman to win a medal in boxing with her bronze medal finish in Women's flyweight category.	[ "Nightwish", "Finland at the 2014 Winter Olympics" ]
4hop1__366739_106790_158589_81091	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Should've Been a Cowboy ''is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released on February 8, 1993 as his debut single, and was served as the first single released from Keith's self - titled debut studio album, Toby Keith. On June 5, 1993, it reached number one on the US Hot Country Songs chart and the Canadian RPM Country Tracks. It also peaked at number 93 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it a minor crossover hit.", "title": "Should've Been a Cowboy" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Delicious Surprise is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Jo Dee Messina, released in 2005. Her first studio album of original material since \"Burn\" almost five years previous, it produced a Number One single on the \"Billboard\" country music charts in \"My Give a Damn's Busted\", a song co-written by country singer Joe Diffie and originally recorded on his 2001 album \"In Another World\". Additional singles released from \"Delicious Surprise\" include \"Delicious Surprise (I Believe It)\", \"Not Going Down\", and \"It's Too Late to Worry\", all of which charted in the Top 40 on the country charts as well. The album has been certified Gold by the RIAA.", "title": "Delicious Surprise" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Six of the Earth's seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.3 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 37% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1 billion people, or 15% of the world's population. Europe's 733 million people make up 12% of the world's population as of 2012, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 600 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 352 million (5%), and Oceania, the least - populated region, has about 35 million inhabitants (0.5%). Though it is not permanently inhabited by any fixed population, Antarctica has a small, fluctuating international population based mainly in polar science stations. This population tends to rise in the summer months and decrease significantly in winter, as visiting researchers return to their home countries.", "title": "World population" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.", "title": "Canada" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Syria (Arabic: سوريا ‎ Sūriyā), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية ‎ al - Jumhūrīyah al - ʻArabīyah as - Sūrīyah) is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians, Mandeans and Turks. Religious groups include Sunnis, Christians, Alawites, Druze, Isma'ilis, Mandeans, Shiites, Salafis, Yazidis, and Jews. Sunni make up the largest religious group in Syria.", "title": "Syria" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In its Basic Laws, Israel defines itself as a Jewish and democratic state. Israel is a representative democracy with a parliamentary system, proportional representation and universal suffrage. The prime minister serves as head of government and the Knesset serves as the legislature. Israel is a developed country and an OECD member, with the 35th-largest economy in the world by nominal gross domestic product as of 2015[update]. The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most educated countries in the world with the one of the highest percentage of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree. The country has the highest standard of living in the Middle East and the fourth highest in Asia, and has one of the highest life expectancies in the world.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country geographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup.", "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bengt Lagerberg (born 5 July 1973), is best known as the drummer in the Swedish rock band The Cardigans. He is currently living in Malmö.", "title": "Bengt Lagerberg" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of December 2016, Jollibee operates 1,100 stores, 950 of which are in the Philippines, its country of origin, and 150 are situated in foreign markets.", "title": "Jollibee" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%). Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years.", "title": "Sweden" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Woman of the World (Leave My World Alone)' is a 1969 single written by Sharon Higgins and recorded by Loretta Lynn. The single was from the LP Woman of the World / To Make a Man and was Loretta Lynn's third number one on the country charts. The single spent one week at the top and a total of 15 weeks on the chart.", "title": "Woman of the World (Leave My World Alone)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Six of the Earth's seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.54 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 37% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1.28 billion people, or 16% of the world's population. Europe's 742 million people make up 10% of the world's population as of 2018, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 651 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 363 million (5%), and Oceania, the least - populated region, has about 41 million inhabitants (0.5%). Though it is not permanently inhabited by any fixed population, Antarctica has a small, fluctuating international population based mainly in polar science stations. This population tends to rise in the summer months and decrease significantly in winter, as visiting researchers return to their home countries.", "title": "World population" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.", "title": "Foreign direct investment" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Big Iron ''is a country ballad written and performed by Marty Robbins, originally released as an album track on Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs in September 1959, then as a single in February 1960 with the song`` Saddle Tramp'' as the B - side single. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.", "title": "Big Iron" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Your Love's on the Line\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. The song was written by Conley along with Randy Scruggs, and was released in April 1983 as the lead single from the album, \"Don't Make It Easy for Me\". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's third number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart.", "title": "Your Love's on the Line" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1995 Sweden has been a member of the European Union, and as a consequence of a new world security situation the country's foreign policy doctrine has been partly modified, with Sweden playing a more active role in European security co-operation.", "title": "Sweden" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.", "title": "Tug of war at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola.", "title": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson.", "title": "The Cardigans" } ]	In what part of the world is one country of origin for foreign inhabitants of the country of Bengt Lagerberg's band?	Western Asia	[ "western Asia" ]	Title: Israel Passage: In its Basic Laws, Israel defines itself as a Jewish and democratic state. Israel is a representative democracy with a parliamentary system, proportional representation and universal suffrage. The prime minister serves as head of government and the Knesset serves as the legislature. Israel is a developed country and an OECD member, with the 35th-largest economy in the world by nominal gross domestic product as of 2015[update]. The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most educated countries in the world with the one of the highest percentage of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree. The country has the highest standard of living in the Middle East and the fourth highest in Asia, and has one of the highest life expectancies in the world. Title: Greece Passage: At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente. Title: Your Love's on the Line Passage: "Your Love's on the Line" is a song recorded by American country music artist Earl Thomas Conley. The song was written by Conley along with Randy Scruggs, and was released in April 1983 as the lead single from the album, "Don't Make It Easy for Me". The song was Earl Thomas Conley's third number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. Title: Jollibee Passage: As of December 2016, Jollibee operates 1,100 stores, 950 of which are in the Philippines, its country of origin, and 150 are situated in foreign markets. Title: Should've Been a Cowboy Passage: ``Should've Been a Cowboy ''is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Toby Keith. It was released on February 8, 1993 as his debut single, and was served as the first single released from Keith's self - titled debut studio album, Toby Keith. On June 5, 1993, it reached number one on the US Hot Country Songs chart and the Canadian RPM Country Tracks. It also peaked at number 93 on the Billboard Hot 100, making it a minor crossover hit. Title: Woman of the World (Leave My World Alone) Passage: "Woman of the World (Leave My World Alone)' is a 1969 single written by Sharon Higgins and recorded by Loretta Lynn. The single was from the LP Woman of the World / To Make a Man and was Loretta Lynn's third number one on the country charts. The single spent one week at the top and a total of 15 weeks on the chart. Title: The Cardigans Passage: The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson. Title: World population Passage: Six of the Earth's seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.3 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 37% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1 billion people, or 15% of the world's population. Europe's 733 million people make up 12% of the world's population as of 2012, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 600 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 352 million (5%), and Oceania, the least - populated region, has about 35 million inhabitants (0.5%). Though it is not permanently inhabited by any fixed population, Antarctica has a small, fluctuating international population based mainly in polar science stations. This population tends to rise in the summer months and decrease significantly in winter, as visiting researchers return to their home countries. Title: Bengt Lagerberg Passage: Bengt Lagerberg (born 5 July 1973), is best known as the drummer in the Swedish rock band The Cardigans. He is currently living in Malmö. Title: Foreign direct investment Passage: A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Title: Sweden Passage: Since 1995 Sweden has been a member of the European Union, and as a consequence of a new world security situation the country's foreign policy doctrine has been partly modified, with Sweden playing a more active role in European security co-operation. Title: Canada Passage: Canada ( ) is a country in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area. Its southern border with the United States, stretching some , is the world's longest bi-national land border. Canada's capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Title: Syria Passage: Syria (Arabic: سوريا ‎ Sūriyā), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية ‎ al - Jumhūrīyah al - ʻArabīyah as - Sūrīyah) is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians, Mandeans and Turks. Religious groups include Sunnis, Christians, Alawites, Druze, Isma'ilis, Mandeans, Shiites, Salafis, Yazidis, and Jews. Sunni make up the largest religious group in Syria. Title: World population Passage: Six of the Earth's seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.54 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 37% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1.28 billion people, or 16% of the world's population. Europe's 742 million people make up 10% of the world's population as of 2018, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 651 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 363 million (5%), and Oceania, the least - populated region, has about 41 million inhabitants (0.5%). Though it is not permanently inhabited by any fixed population, Antarctica has a small, fluctuating international population based mainly in polar science stations. This population tends to rise in the summer months and decrease significantly in winter, as visiting researchers return to their home countries. Title: Big Iron Passage: ``Big Iron ''is a country ballad written and performed by Marty Robbins, originally released as an album track on Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs in September 1959, then as a single in February 1960 with the song`` Saddle Tramp'' as the B - side single. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time. Title: Sweden Passage: Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%). Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years. Title: Tug of war at the Summer Olympics Passage: Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.	[ "Syria", "Bengt Lagerberg", "Sweden", "The Cardigans" ]
2hop__329973_208194	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Del Sol-Loma Linda is a census-designated place (CDP) in San Patricio County, Texas, United States. The population was 726 at the 2000 census.", "title": "Del Sol-Loma Linda, Texas" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Administrator of the Small Business Administration of the United States Incumbent Linda McMahon since February 14, 2017 Inaugural holder William D. Mitchell Formation July 30, 1953 Website SBA Administrator", "title": "Administrator of the Small Business Administration" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Michael A. Costello (born May 5, 1965 in Lynn, Massachusetts) is a former State Representative for the Massachusetts House of Representatives, who represented the first district of Essex County, Massachusetts. Costello graduated from Salem State University in 1989 with a Bachelor of Science, and from Suffolk University Law School with his Juris Doctor in 1996. Costello served in the House from 2003 to 2014.", "title": "Michael A. Costello" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tina remained close to Mick (without knowing that he is really her nephew, rather than her brother). Mick met a local girl called Linda Peacock (Kellie Bright) when he was six years old and they went to school together. When they were 15, Linda fell pregnant by Mick, three months after the death of her father, and gave birth to their son Lee Carter (Danny - Boy Hatchard). Two years later, they had a daughter, Nancy Carter (Maddy Hill), followed by the premature birth of their youngest son, Johnny Carter (Sam Strike / Ted Reilly). Shirley burnt down their first pub, which led to Mick being estranged from Shirley and they lived with Linda's mother, Elaine Peacock (Maria Friedman).", "title": "Carter family (EastEnders)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Loma Linda East is a census-designated place (CDP) in Jim Wells County, Texas, United States. The population was 254 at the 2010 census, up from 214 at the 2000 census.", "title": "Loma Linda East, Texas" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Linda McCarriston (born Lynn, Massachusetts) and holding dual citizenship of Ireland and the United States, is a poet and Professor in the Department of Creative Writing and Literature at the University of Alaska Anchorage, teaching creative writing and literary arts since 1994.", "title": "Linda McCarriston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Linda is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yuba County, California, United States. The population was 17,773 at the 2010 census, up from 13,474 at the 2000 census. Linda is located north-northwest of Olivehurst.", "title": "Linda, California" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" } ]	What county is Linda McCarriston's birth city located in?	Essex County	[]	Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Linda, California Passage: Linda is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yuba County, California, United States. The population was 17,773 at the 2010 census, up from 13,474 at the 2000 census. Linda is located north-northwest of Olivehurst. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Administrator of the Small Business Administration Passage: Administrator of the Small Business Administration of the United States Incumbent Linda McMahon since February 14, 2017 Inaugural holder William D. Mitchell Formation July 30, 1953 Website SBA Administrator Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Michael A. Costello Passage: Michael A. Costello (born May 5, 1965 in Lynn, Massachusetts) is a former State Representative for the Massachusetts House of Representatives, who represented the first district of Essex County, Massachusetts. Costello graduated from Salem State University in 1989 with a Bachelor of Science, and from Suffolk University Law School with his Juris Doctor in 1996. Costello served in the House from 2003 to 2014. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Linda McCarriston Passage: Linda McCarriston (born Lynn, Massachusetts) and holding dual citizenship of Ireland and the United States, is a poet and Professor in the Department of Creative Writing and Literature at the University of Alaska Anchorage, teaching creative writing and literary arts since 1994. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Carter family (EastEnders) Passage: Tina remained close to Mick (without knowing that he is really her nephew, rather than her brother). Mick met a local girl called Linda Peacock (Kellie Bright) when he was six years old and they went to school together. When they were 15, Linda fell pregnant by Mick, three months after the death of her father, and gave birth to their son Lee Carter (Danny - Boy Hatchard). Two years later, they had a daughter, Nancy Carter (Maddy Hill), followed by the premature birth of their youngest son, Johnny Carter (Sam Strike / Ted Reilly). Shirley burnt down their first pub, which led to Mick being estranged from Shirley and they lived with Linda's mother, Elaine Peacock (Maria Friedman). Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.	[ "Michael A. Costello", "Linda McCarriston" ]
2hop__243_20713	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has received praise for her stage presence and voice during live performances. Jarett Wieselman of the New York Post placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers. According to Barbara Ellen of The Guardian Beyoncé is the most in-charge female artist she's seen onstage, while Alice Jones of The Independent wrote she \"takes her role as entertainer so seriously she's almost too good.\" The ex-President of Def Jam L.A. Reid has described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive. Jim Farber of the Daily News and Stephanie Classen of Star Phoenix both praised her strong voice and her stage presence.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sig Mejdal (born December 31, 1965) is an American sabermetrics analyst for the Baltimore Orioles and a former NASA engineer. He previously helped the St. Louis Cardinals make draft picks. Mejdal turned his personal interest in baseball into a career after being inspired by \"Moneyball\" in 2003.", "title": "Sig Mejdal" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "005 is a 1981 arcade game by Sega. Sega advertised it as the first of their RasterScan Convert-a-Game series, designed so that it could be changed into another game in minutes \"at a substantial savings\". It is one of the first examples of a stealth game. In this \"James Bond-inspired\" game, the player's mission is to take a briefcase of secret documents to a waiting helicopter. The player controls a spy who must avoid the enemies as he makes his way through buildings and warehouses, where he will have to dodge the enemies' flashlights and use boxes as hiding spots.", "title": "005" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ryan Benjamin Tedder (born June 26, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. As well as being the lead vocalist for the pop rock band OneRepublic, he has an independent career as a songwriter and producer for various artists, including Madonna, U2, Adele, Beyoncé, Maroon 5, Demi Lovato, Ariana Grande, Kelly Clarkson, Jennifer Lopez, Westlife, Ed Sheeran, One Direction, Big Time Rush, Camila Cabello, Taylor Swift, Leona Lewis, Zedd and MØ.", "title": "Ryan Tedder" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed by American singer Beyoncé, from her third studio album \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" (2008). \"If I Were a Boy\" was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released \"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled \"Si Yo Fuera un Chico\", was digitally released in Mexico and Spain.", "title": "If I Were a Boy" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé Giselle Knowles - Carter (/ biːˈjɒnseɪ /; born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, Beyoncé performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child. Beyoncé rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of the R&B girl - group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best - selling girl groups in history. Their hiatus saw Beyoncé's theatrical film debut in Austin Powers in Goldmember (2002) and the release of her debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003). The album established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards, and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number one singles ``Crazy in Love ''and`` Baby Boy''.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé names Michael Jackson as her major musical influence. Aged five, Beyoncé attended her first ever concert where Jackson performed and she claims to have realised her purpose. When she presented him with a tribute award at the World Music Awards in 2006, Beyoncé said, \"if it wasn't for Michael Jackson, I would never ever have performed.\" She admires Diana Ross as an \"all-around entertainer\" and Whitney Houston, who she said \"inspired me to get up there and do what she did.\" She credits Mariah Carey's singing and her song \"Vision of Love\" as influencing her to begin practicing vocal runs as a child. Her other musical influences include Aaliyah, Prince, Lauryn Hill, Sade Adu, Donna Summer, Mary J. Blige, Janet Jackson, Anita Baker and Rachelle Ferrell.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In The New Yorker music critic Jody Rosen described Beyoncé as \"the most important and compelling popular musician of the twenty-first century..... the result, the logical end point, of a century-plus of pop.\" When The Guardian named her Artist of the Decade, Llewyn-Smith wrote, \"Why Beyoncé? [...] Because she made not one but two of the decade's greatest singles, with Crazy in Love and Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It), not to mention her hits with Destiny's Child; and this was the decade when singles – particularly R&B singles – regained their status as pop's favourite medium. [...] [She] and not any superannuated rock star was arguably the greatest live performer of the past 10 years.\" In 2013, Beyoncé made the Time 100 list, Baz Luhrmann writing \"no one has that voice, no one moves the way she moves, no one can hold an audience the way she does... When Beyoncé does an album, when Beyoncé sings a song, when Beyoncé does anything, it's an event, and it's broadly influential. Right now, she is the heir-apparent diva of the USA — the reigning national voice.\" In 2014, Beyoncé was listed again on the Time 100 and also featured on the cover of the issue.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In July 2002, Beyoncé continued her acting career playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film, Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the US box office and grossed $73 million. Beyoncé released \"Work It Out\" as the lead single from its soundtrack album which entered the top ten in the UK, Norway, and Belgium. In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with. The film received mixed reviews from critics but grossed $30 million in the U.S. Beyoncé released \"Fighting Temptation\" as the lead single from the film's soundtrack album, with Missy Elliott, MC Lyte, and Free which was also used to promote the film. Another of Beyoncé's contributions to the soundtrack, \"Summertime\", fared better on the US charts.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Madonna Louise Ciccone (/tʃɪˈkoʊni/; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She achieved popularity by pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music and imagery in her music videos, which became a fixture on MTV. Madonna is known for reinventing both her music and image, and for maintaining her autonomy within the recording industry. Music critics have acclaimed her musical productions, which have generated some controversy. Often referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\", she is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "title": "Madonna (entertainer)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Her fourth studio album 4 was released on June 28, 2011 in the US. 4 sold 310,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fourth consecutive number-one album in the US. The album was preceded by two of its singles \"Run the World (Girls)\" and \"Best Thing I Never Had\", which both attained moderate success. The fourth single \"Love on Top\" was a commercial success in the US. 4 also produced four other singles; \"Party\", \"Countdown\", \"I Care\" and \"End of Time\". \"Eat, Play, Love\", a cover story written by Beyoncé for Essence that detailed her 2010 career break, won her a writing award from the New York Association of Black Journalists. In late 2011, she took the stage at New York's Roseland Ballroom for four nights of special performances: the 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé concerts saw the performance of her 4 album to a standing room only.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has stated that she is personally inspired by US First Lady Michelle Obama, saying \"She proves you can do it all\" and she has described Oprah Winfrey as \"the definition of inspiration and a strong woman\". She has also discussed how Jay Z is a continuing inspiration to her, both with what she describes as his lyrical genius and in the obstacles he has overcome in his life. Beyoncé has expressed admiration for the artist Jean-Michel Basquiat, posting in a letter \"what I find in the work of Jean-Michel Basquiat, I search for in every day in music... he is lyrical and raw\". In February 2013, Beyoncé said that Madonna inspired her to take control of her own career. She commented: \"I think about Madonna and how she took all of the great things she achieved and started the label and developed other artists. But there are not enough of those women.\".", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``If I Were a Boy ''is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break - up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record but the company had rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version of the song. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released`` If I Were a Boy'' to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled`` Si Yo Fuera un Chico'', was digitally released in Mexico and Spain.", "title": "If I Were a Boy" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Green Light\" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé. The song was written by Beyoncé, Sean Garrett, and Pharrell for Beyoncé's second solo studio album, \"B'Day\" (2006). Produced by The Neptunes, it was released as the fifth UK and seventh overall single on July 30, 2007 through Columbia Records. \"Green Light\" is an R&B-funk song with lyrics detailing a break-up song in which the female protagonist gives her love interest the permission to move out. The song also finds Beyoncé using fairly aggressive tone. A remix of the song features American rapper Young Buck, and was produced by Swizz Beatz.", "title": "Green Light (Beyoncé song)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 per cent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé and her mother introduced House of Deréon, a contemporary women's fashion line, in 2005. The concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family, the name paying tribute to Beyoncé's grandmother, Agnèz Deréon, a respected seamstress. According to Tina, the overall style of the line best reflects her and Beyoncé's taste and style. Beyoncé and her mother founded their family's company Beyond Productions, which provides the licensing and brand management for House of Deréon, and its junior collection, Deréon. House of Deréon pieces were exhibited in Destiny's Child's shows and tours, during their Destiny Fulfilled era. The collection features sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear, and are available at department and specialty stores across the US and Canada.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Date: Feb 3, 2013 Location: Mercedes - Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: ``Run The World (Girls) ''(Intro) / Vince Lombardi`` Excellence'' speech voiceover ``Love on Top ''(chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)`` Crazy in Love'' (Beyoncé) ``End of Time ''(Beyoncé)`` Baby Boy'' (Beyoncé) ``Bootylicious ''(Destiny's Child)`` Independent Women Part I'' (Destiny's Child) ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''(Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)`` Halo'' (Beyoncé)", "title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's \"Back to Black\" with André 3000 on The Great Gatsby soundtrack was released. She was also honorary chair of the 2013 Met Gala. Beyoncé voiced Queen Tara in the 3D CGI animated film, Epic, released by 20th Century Fox on May 24, and recorded an original song for the film, \"Rise Up\", co-written with Sia.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thurl Lee Bailey (born April 7, 1961) is an American retired professional basketball player whose NBA career spanned from 1983 to 1999 with the Utah Jazz and the Minnesota Timberwolves. Bailey has been a broadcast analyst for the Utah Jazz and the University of Utah— in addition to work as an inspirational speaker, singer, songwriter, and film actor.", "title": "Thurl Bailey" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In January 2011, it was announced that Clint Eastwood was in talks to direct Beyoncé in a third American remake of the 1937 film A Star Is Born; however, the project was delayed due to Beyoncé's pregnancy. In April 2012, writer Will Fetters told Collider that the script was inspired by Kurt Cobain. Talks with Christian Bale, Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Cruise, Johnny Depp, and Will Smith to play the male lead failed to come to fruition. On October 9, 2012, Beyoncé left the project, and it was reported that Bradley Cooper was in talks to star. Eastwood was interested in Esperanza Spalding to play the female lead.", "title": "A Star Is Born (2018 film)" } ]	When was the artist who inspired Beyonce to take control of her career born?	August 16, 1958	[]	Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé embarked on The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour on April 15 in Belgrade, Serbia; the tour included 132 dates that ran through to March 2014. It became the most successful tour of her career and one of the most-successful tours of all time. In May, Beyoncé's cover of Amy Winehouse's "Back to Black" with André 3000 on The Great Gatsby soundtrack was released. She was also honorary chair of the 2013 Met Gala. Beyoncé voiced Queen Tara in the 3D CGI animated film, Epic, released by 20th Century Fox on May 24, and recorded an original song for the film, "Rise Up", co-written with Sia. Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé and her mother introduced House of Deréon, a contemporary women's fashion line, in 2005. The concept is inspired by three generations of women in their family, the name paying tribute to Beyoncé's grandmother, Agnèz Deréon, a respected seamstress. According to Tina, the overall style of the line best reflects her and Beyoncé's taste and style. Beyoncé and her mother founded their family's company Beyond Productions, which provides the licensing and brand management for House of Deréon, and its junior collection, Deréon. House of Deréon pieces were exhibited in Destiny's Child's shows and tours, during their Destiny Fulfilled era. The collection features sportswear, denim offerings with fur, outerwear and accessories that include handbags and footwear, and are available at department and specialty stores across the US and Canada. Title: Beyoncé Passage: In July 2002, Beyoncé continued her acting career playing Foxxy Cleopatra alongside Mike Myers in the comedy film, Austin Powers in Goldmember, which spent its first weekend atop the US box office and grossed $73 million. Beyoncé released "Work It Out" as the lead single from its soundtrack album which entered the top ten in the UK, Norway, and Belgium. In 2003, Beyoncé starred opposite Cuba Gooding, Jr., in the musical comedy The Fighting Temptations as Lilly, a single mother whom Gooding's character falls in love with. The film received mixed reviews from critics but grossed $30 million in the U.S. Beyoncé released "Fighting Temptation" as the lead single from the film's soundtrack album, with Missy Elliott, MC Lyte, and Free which was also used to promote the film. Another of Beyoncé's contributions to the soundtrack, "Summertime", fared better on the US charts. Title: If I Were a Boy Passage: "If I Were a Boy" is a song performed by American singer Beyoncé, from her third studio album "I Am... Sasha Fierce" (2008). "If I Were a Boy" was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released "If I Were a Boy" to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled "Si Yo Fuera un Chico", was digitally released in Mexico and Spain. Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé has received praise for her stage presence and voice during live performances. Jarett Wieselman of the New York Post placed her at number one on her list of the Five Best Singer/Dancers. According to Barbara Ellen of The Guardian Beyoncé is the most in-charge female artist she's seen onstage, while Alice Jones of The Independent wrote she "takes her role as entertainer so seriously she's almost too good." The ex-President of Def Jam L.A. Reid has described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive. Jim Farber of the Daily News and Stephanie Classen of Star Phoenix both praised her strong voice and her stage presence. Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé has stated that she is personally inspired by US First Lady Michelle Obama, saying "She proves you can do it all" and she has described Oprah Winfrey as "the definition of inspiration and a strong woman". She has also discussed how Jay Z is a continuing inspiration to her, both with what she describes as his lyrical genius and in the obstacles he has overcome in his life. Beyoncé has expressed admiration for the artist Jean-Michel Basquiat, posting in a letter "what I find in the work of Jean-Michel Basquiat, I search for in every day in music... he is lyrical and raw". In February 2013, Beyoncé said that Madonna inspired her to take control of her own career. She commented: "I think about Madonna and how she took all of the great things she achieved and started the label and developed other artists. But there are not enough of those women.". Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna Louise Ciccone (/tʃɪˈkoʊni/; Italian: [tʃikˈkoːne]; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She achieved popularity by pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music and imagery in her music videos, which became a fixture on MTV. Madonna is known for reinventing both her music and image, and for maintaining her autonomy within the recording industry. Music critics have acclaimed her musical productions, which have generated some controversy. Often referred to as the "Queen of Pop", she is often cited as an influence by other artists. Title: If I Were a Boy Passage: ``If I Were a Boy ''is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break - up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record but the company had rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version of the song. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually, they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released`` If I Were a Boy'' to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled`` Si Yo Fuera un Chico'', was digitally released in Mexico and Spain. Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé names Michael Jackson as her major musical influence. Aged five, Beyoncé attended her first ever concert where Jackson performed and she claims to have realised her purpose. When she presented him with a tribute award at the World Music Awards in 2006, Beyoncé said, "if it wasn't for Michael Jackson, I would never ever have performed." She admires Diana Ross as an "all-around entertainer" and Whitney Houston, who she said "inspired me to get up there and do what she did." She credits Mariah Carey's singing and her song "Vision of Love" as influencing her to begin practicing vocal runs as a child. Her other musical influences include Aaliyah, Prince, Lauryn Hill, Sade Adu, Donna Summer, Mary J. Blige, Janet Jackson, Anita Baker and Rachelle Ferrell. Title: 005 Passage: 005 is a 1981 arcade game by Sega. Sega advertised it as the first of their RasterScan Convert-a-Game series, designed so that it could be changed into another game in minutes "at a substantial savings". It is one of the first examples of a stealth game. In this "James Bond-inspired" game, the player's mission is to take a briefcase of secret documents to a waiting helicopter. The player controls a spy who must avoid the enemies as he makes his way through buildings and warehouses, where he will have to dodge the enemies' flashlights and use boxes as hiding spots. Title: Sig Mejdal Passage: Sig Mejdal (born December 31, 1965) is an American sabermetrics analyst for the Baltimore Orioles and a former NASA engineer. He previously helped the St. Louis Cardinals make draft picks. Mejdal turned his personal interest in baseball into a career after being inspired by "Moneyball" in 2003. Title: Beyoncé Passage: Beyoncé has worked with Pepsi since 2002, and in 2004 appeared in a Gladiator-themed commercial with Britney Spears, Pink, and Enrique Iglesias. In 2012, Beyoncé signed a $50 million deal to endorse Pepsi. The Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPINET) wrote Beyoncé an open letter asking her to reconsider the deal because of the unhealthiness of the product and to donate the proceeds to a medical organisation. Nevertheless, NetBase found that Beyoncé's campaign was the most talked about endorsement in April 2013, with a 70 per cent positive audience response to the commercial and print ads. Title: List of Super Bowl halftime shows Passage: Date: Feb 3, 2013 Location: Mercedes - Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: ``Run The World (Girls) ''(Intro) / Vince Lombardi`` Excellence'' speech voiceover ``Love on Top ''(chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)`` Crazy in Love'' (Beyoncé) ``End of Time ''(Beyoncé)`` Baby Boy'' (Beyoncé) ``Bootylicious ''(Destiny's Child)`` Independent Women Part I'' (Destiny's Child) ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''(Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)`` Halo'' (Beyoncé) Title: Beyoncé Passage: Her fourth studio album 4 was released on June 28, 2011 in the US. 4 sold 310,000 copies in its first week and debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fourth consecutive number-one album in the US. The album was preceded by two of its singles "Run the World (Girls)" and "Best Thing I Never Had", which both attained moderate success. The fourth single "Love on Top" was a commercial success in the US. 4 also produced four other singles; "Party", "Countdown", "I Care" and "End of Time". "Eat, Play, Love", a cover story written by Beyoncé for Essence that detailed her 2010 career break, won her a writing award from the New York Association of Black Journalists. In late 2011, she took the stage at New York's Roseland Ballroom for four nights of special performances: the 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé concerts saw the performance of her 4 album to a standing room only. Title: Beyoncé Passage: In The New Yorker music critic Jody Rosen described Beyoncé as "the most important and compelling popular musician of the twenty-first century..... the result, the logical end point, of a century-plus of pop." When The Guardian named her Artist of the Decade, Llewyn-Smith wrote, "Why Beyoncé? [...] Because she made not one but two of the decade's greatest singles, with Crazy in Love and Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It), not to mention her hits with Destiny's Child; and this was the decade when singles – particularly R&B singles – regained their status as pop's favourite medium. [...] [She] and not any superannuated rock star was arguably the greatest live performer of the past 10 years." In 2013, Beyoncé made the Time 100 list, Baz Luhrmann writing "no one has that voice, no one moves the way she moves, no one can hold an audience the way she does... When Beyoncé does an album, when Beyoncé sings a song, when Beyoncé does anything, it's an event, and it's broadly influential. Right now, she is the heir-apparent diva of the USA — the reigning national voice." In 2014, Beyoncé was listed again on the Time 100 and also featured on the cover of the issue. Title: Ryan Tedder Passage: Ryan Benjamin Tedder (born June 26, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. As well as being the lead vocalist for the pop rock band OneRepublic, he has an independent career as a songwriter and producer for various artists, including Madonna, U2, Adele, Beyoncé, Maroon 5, Demi Lovato, Ariana Grande, Kelly Clarkson, Jennifer Lopez, Westlife, Ed Sheeran, One Direction, Big Time Rush, Camila Cabello, Taylor Swift, Leona Lewis, Zedd and MØ. Title: Green Light (Beyoncé song) Passage: "Green Light" is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé. The song was written by Beyoncé, Sean Garrett, and Pharrell for Beyoncé's second solo studio album, "B'Day" (2006). Produced by The Neptunes, it was released as the fifth UK and seventh overall single on July 30, 2007 through Columbia Records. "Green Light" is an R&B-funk song with lyrics detailing a break-up song in which the female protagonist gives her love interest the permission to move out. The song also finds Beyoncé using fairly aggressive tone. A remix of the song features American rapper Young Buck, and was produced by Swizz Beatz.	[ "Madonna (entertainer)", "Beyoncé" ]
2hop__735812_36414	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "About five percent of the population are of full-blooded indigenous descent, but upwards to eighty percent more or the majority of Hondurans are mestizo or part-indigenous with European admixture, and about ten percent are of indigenous or African descent. The main concentration of indigenous in Honduras are in the rural westernmost areas facing Guatemala and to the Caribbean Sea coastline, as well on the Nicaraguan border. The majority of indigenous people are Lencas, Miskitos to the east, Mayans, Pech, Sumos, and Tolupan.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Slavic standard languages which are official in at least one country: Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian. The alphabet depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups. The Orthodox use the Cyrillic alphabet and the Roman Catholics use Latin alphabet, the Bosniaks who are Muslims also use the Latin. Few Greek Roman and Roman Catholics use the Cyrillic alphabet however. The Serbian language and Montenegrin language uses both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. There is also a Latin script to write in Belarusian, called the Lacinka alphabet.", "title": "Slavs" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent).", "title": "Montana" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Armenia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 15,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1 million active speakers. 30% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 2% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 1.4% of the population according to a 2009 estimate from the World Factbook.", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Gubkin on 5 September 2012 in a game against FC Metallurg Lipetsk.", "title": "Eduard Sagdiyev" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He made his professional debut in the Russian First Division in 2007 for FC Spartak-MZhK Ryazan. He played in one Russian Cup game for the main FC Spartak Moscow squad.", "title": "Amir Bazhev" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In Kazakhstan Russian is not a state language, but according to article 7 of the Constitution of Kazakhstan its usage enjoys equal status to that of the Kazakh language in state and local administration. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 4,200,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 10 million active speakers. 63% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 46% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. According to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook, 95% of the population can speak Russian. Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population. The 2009 census reported that 10,309,500 people, or 84.8% of the population aged 15 and above, could read and write well in Russian, as well as understand the spoken language.", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "EU member countries have shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2010, Eurobarometer polled the twenty-seven EU member states about the target \"to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent by 2020\". Most people in all twenty-seven countries either approved of the target or called for it to go further. Across the EU, 57 percent thought the proposed goal was \"about right\" and 16 percent thought it was \"too modest.\" In comparison, 19 percent said it was \"too ambitious\".", "title": "Renewable energy commercialization" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Significant Russian-speaking groups also exist in Western Europe. These have been fed by several waves of immigrants since the beginning of the 20th century, each with its own flavor of language. The United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Belgium, Greece, Brazil, Norway, and Austria have significant Russian-speaking communities. According to the 2011 Census of Ireland, there were 21,639 people in the nation who use Russian as a home language. However, of this only 13% were Russian nationals. 20% held Irish citizenship, while 27% and 14% were holding the passports of Latvia and Lithuania respectively.", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The region of modern Eastern Europe and Central Eurasia (Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the ex-USSR) have a long history of Christianity and Christian communities on its lands. In ancient times, in the first centuries after the birth of Christ, when this region was called[by whom?] Scythia - Christians already lived there. Later the region saw the first states to adopt Christianity officially - initially in Armenia (301 AD) and in Georgia (337 AD), later in the Great Russian Principality (Kyivan Rus, Russian: Великое княжество Русское, ca 988 AD). People of that time used to denote themselves Christians (христиане, крестьяне) and Russians (русские). Both terms had strong Christian connotations.[citation needed] It is also interesting that in time the term \"крестьяне\" acquired the meaning \"peasants of Christian faith\" and later \"peasants\" (the main part of the population of the region), while the term \"христиане\" retained its religious meaning and the term \"русские\" began to mean representatives of the heterogeneous Russian nation formed on the basis of common Christian faith and language,[citation needed] which strongly influenced the history and development of the region. In the region the \"Pravoslav faith\" (православная вера - Orthodox faith) or \"Russian faith\" (русская вера) from earliest times became almost as known as the original \"Christian faith\" (христианская, крестьянская вера). Also in some contexts the term \"cossack\" (козак, казак - free man by the will of God) was used[by whom?] to denote \"free\" Christians of steppe origin and Russian language.", "title": "Christian" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Russky Newsweek or \"Newsweek Russia\" was a Russian language news magazine published in Russia between 2004 and 2010 as the Russian edition of \"Newsweek\". It was the first news magazine with a Western origin published in the country.", "title": "Russky Newsweek" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexander Potebnja (; ) was a Russian Imperial philosopher and linguist, who was a professor of linguistics at the University of Kharkov. He is well known as a specialist in the evolution of Russian phonetics. He also translated part of Homer's Odyssey into Ukrainian. He constructed a theory of language and consciousness that later influenced the thinking of his countryman the Psychologist Lev Vygotsky. His main work was \"Language and Thought\" (\"mysl' i jazyk\") (1862). he was a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, the foremost academic institution in the Russian Empire.", "title": "Alexander Potebnja" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 20th century, Russian was mandatorily taught in the schools of the members of the old Warsaw Pact and in other countries that used to be satellites of the USSR. In particular, these countries include Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Albania, former East Germany and Cuba. However, younger generations are usually not fluent in it, because Russian is no longer mandatory in the school system. According to the Eurobarometer 2005 survey, though, fluency in Russian remains fairly high (20–40%) in some countries, in particular those where the people speak a Slavic language and thereby have an edge in learning Russian (namely, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Bulgaria).", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Zhetysu Stadium (, \"Jetisý stadıony\") is a multi-use stadium in Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of FC Zhetysu.", "title": "Zhetysu Stadium" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lokomotiv underwent reorganization, were renamed FC Chita and on 4 April were admitted into the Russian Second Division. FC Chita won the East (Vostok) Zone of the Second Division in 2008 and played in the Russian First Division in 2009 season. However, FC Chita relegated again to Second Division after finishing First Division as 17th.", "title": "FC Chita" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to figures published in 2006 in the journal \"Demoskop Weekly\" research deputy director of Research Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) Arefyev A. L., the Russian language is gradually losing its position in the world in general, and in Russia in particular. In 2012, A. L. Arefyev published a new study \"Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries\", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of further weakening of the Russian language in all regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal \"Demoskop Weekly\"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language is gradually being replaced by local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world (as the main sources distribution Russian language) and total population Russia (where Russian is an official language).", "title": "Russian language" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is the third language of South Africa in terms of native speakers (~13.5%), of whom 53 percent are Coloureds and 42.4 percent Whites. In 1996, 40 percent of South Africans reported to know Afrikaans at least at a very basic level of communication. It is the lingua franca in Namibia, where it is spoken natively in 11 percent of households. In total, Afrikaans is the first language in South Africa alone of about 6.8 million people and is estimated to be a second language for at least 10 million people worldwide, compared to over 23 million and 5 million respectively, for Dutch.", "title": "Dutch language" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Akademiya Tolyatti on May 24, 2012 in a game against FC Volga Ulyanovsk.", "title": "Artur Fayruzov" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages. Formerly the main population of the loose medieval Kievan Rus federation state , by the seventeenth century they evolved into the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian people.", "title": "East Slavs" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingualism (for Estonians) intensified, resulting in widespread knowledge of Russian throughout the country. The Russian language was termed as ‘the language of friendship of nations’ and was taught to Estonian children, sometimes as early as in kindergarten. Although teaching Estonian to non-Estonians in schools was compulsory, in practice learning the language was often considered unnecessary.", "title": "Estonian language" } ]	What percent of people in the country that encompasses FC Zhetysu use Russian as their main language?	46%	[]	Title: FC Chita Passage: Lokomotiv underwent reorganization, were renamed FC Chita and on 4 April were admitted into the Russian Second Division. FC Chita won the East (Vostok) Zone of the Second Division in 2008 and played in the Russian First Division in 2009 season. However, FC Chita relegated again to Second Division after finishing First Division as 17th. Title: Alexander Potebnja Passage: Alexander Potebnja (; ) was a Russian Imperial philosopher and linguist, who was a professor of linguistics at the University of Kharkov. He is well known as a specialist in the evolution of Russian phonetics. He also translated part of Homer's Odyssey into Ukrainian. He constructed a theory of language and consciousness that later influenced the thinking of his countryman the Psychologist Lev Vygotsky. His main work was "Language and Thought" ("mysl' i jazyk") (1862). he was a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, the foremost academic institution in the Russian Empire. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: About five percent of the population are of full-blooded indigenous descent, but upwards to eighty percent more or the majority of Hondurans are mestizo or part-indigenous with European admixture, and about ten percent are of indigenous or African descent. The main concentration of indigenous in Honduras are in the rural westernmost areas facing Guatemala and to the Caribbean Sea coastline, as well on the Nicaraguan border. The majority of indigenous people are Lencas, Miskitos to the east, Mayans, Pech, Sumos, and Tolupan. Title: Zhetysu Stadium Passage: Zhetysu Stadium (, "Jetisý stadıony") is a multi-use stadium in Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of FC Zhetysu. Title: Amir Bazhev Passage: He made his professional debut in the Russian First Division in 2007 for FC Spartak-MZhK Ryazan. He played in one Russian Cup game for the main FC Spartak Moscow squad. Title: Russian language Passage: According to figures published in 2006 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly" research deputy director of Research Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science (Russia) Arefyev A. L., the Russian language is gradually losing its position in the world in general, and in Russia in particular. In 2012, A. L. Arefyev published a new study "Russian language at the turn of the 20th-21st centuries", in which he confirmed his conclusion about the trend of further weakening of the Russian language in all regions of the world (findings published in 2013 in the journal "Demoskop Weekly"). In the countries of the former Soviet Union the Russian language is gradually being replaced by local languages. Currently the number speakers of Russian language in the world depends on the number of Russians in the world (as the main sources distribution Russian language) and total population Russia (where Russian is an official language). Title: Russian language Passage: In the 20th century, Russian was mandatorily taught in the schools of the members of the old Warsaw Pact and in other countries that used to be satellites of the USSR. In particular, these countries include Poland, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Albania, former East Germany and Cuba. However, younger generations are usually not fluent in it, because Russian is no longer mandatory in the school system. According to the Eurobarometer 2005 survey, though, fluency in Russian remains fairly high (20–40%) in some countries, in particular those where the people speak a Slavic language and thereby have an edge in learning Russian (namely, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Bulgaria). Title: Eduard Sagdiyev Passage: He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Gubkin on 5 September 2012 in a game against FC Metallurg Lipetsk. Title: Slavs Passage: Slavic standard languages which are official in at least one country: Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, and Ukrainian. The alphabet depends on what religion is usual for the respective Slavic ethnic groups. The Orthodox use the Cyrillic alphabet and the Roman Catholics use Latin alphabet, the Bosniaks who are Muslims also use the Latin. Few Greek Roman and Roman Catholics use the Cyrillic alphabet however. The Serbian language and Montenegrin language uses both Cyrillic and Latin alphabets. There is also a Latin script to write in Belarusian, called the Lacinka alphabet. Title: Russian language Passage: In Kazakhstan Russian is not a state language, but according to article 7 of the Constitution of Kazakhstan its usage enjoys equal status to that of the Kazakh language in state and local administration. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 4,200,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 10 million active speakers. 63% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 46% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. According to a 2001 estimate from the World Factbook, 95% of the population can speak Russian. Large Russian-speaking communities still exist in northern Kazakhstan, and ethnic Russians comprise 25.6% of Kazakhstan's population. The 2009 census reported that 10,309,500 people, or 84.8% of the population aged 15 and above, could read and write well in Russian, as well as understand the spoken language. Title: Russky Newsweek Passage: Russky Newsweek or "Newsweek Russia" was a Russian language news magazine published in Russia between 2004 and 2010 as the Russian edition of "Newsweek". It was the first news magazine with a Western origin published in the country. Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: EU member countries have shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2010, Eurobarometer polled the twenty-seven EU member states about the target "to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent by 2020". Most people in all twenty-seven countries either approved of the target or called for it to go further. Across the EU, 57 percent thought the proposed goal was "about right" and 16 percent thought it was "too modest." In comparison, 19 percent said it was "too ambitious". Title: Dutch language Passage: It is the third language of South Africa in terms of native speakers (~13.5%), of whom 53 percent are Coloureds and 42.4 percent Whites. In 1996, 40 percent of South Africans reported to know Afrikaans at least at a very basic level of communication. It is the lingua franca in Namibia, where it is spoken natively in 11 percent of households. In total, Afrikaans is the first language in South Africa alone of about 6.8 million people and is estimated to be a second language for at least 10 million people worldwide, compared to over 23 million and 5 million respectively, for Dutch. Title: Montana Passage: English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent). Title: East Slavs Passage: The East Slavs are Slavic peoples speaking the East Slavic languages. Formerly the main population of the loose medieval Kievan Rus federation state , by the seventeenth century they evolved into the Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian people. Title: Artur Fayruzov Passage: He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Akademiya Tolyatti on May 24, 2012 in a game against FC Volga Ulyanovsk. Title: Russian language Passage: In Armenia Russian has no official status, but it's recognised as a minority language under the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities. According to estimates from Demoskop Weekly, in 2004 there were 15,000 native speakers of Russian in the country, and 1 million active speakers. 30% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 2% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. Russian is spoken by 1.4% of the population according to a 2009 estimate from the World Factbook.	[ "Russian language", "Zhetysu Stadium" ]
2hop__88520_20093	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas \"Tommy\" Sparks (born 7 February 1986) is a Swedish-born English singer-songwriter from London. He is known for his songs \"She's Got Me Dancing\" and \"I'm a Rope\". His self-titled album was released on 11 May 2009 in the United Kingdom. He co-wrote The Prodigy song \"Wild West\" featured on the bonus disc for \"Invaders Must Die\". He also features on the Filthy Dukes album \"Nonsense in the Dark\" on the song \"Messages\".", "title": "Tommy Sparks" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``If We Must Die ''is a 1919 poem by Claude McKay published in the July issue of The Liberator. McKay wrote the poem as a response to mob attacks by white Americans upon African - American communities during Red Summer. The poem was later reprinted in The Messenger of the same year. The poem would also be read in Congress by Republican Senator from Massachusetts Henry Cabot Lodge.", "title": "If We Must Die" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Walkampf\" (\"Whale struggle\") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the second single and the thirteenth track from the album \"Zurück zum Glück\". The title is a pun on the word \"Wahlkampf\", which means \"election campaign\" in German.", "title": "Walkampf" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kane was raised in the towns of New Milford and Washington, Connecticut. He wrote his first song when he was nine years old and began performing while in high school. He received a bachelor's degree in Japanese from Georgetown University in 1992.", "title": "Keith Kane" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was released in 1977, following several other hits from The Stranger including ``Just the Way You Are '',`` Movin 'Out (Anthony's Song)'' and ``Only the Good Die Young ''. Musically, Joel has said that he was influenced by Gordon Lightfoot and his mellow acoustic guitar ballads. It is a love song that Joel wrote for his then wife, Elizabeth Weber. Elizabeth had taken over management of Joel's career, and was able to put his financial affairs in order after Joel had signed some bad deals and contracts. She was a tough and savvy negotiator who could`` wound with her eyes'' or ``steal like a thief '', but would`` never give in''. Because of her tough - as - nails negotiating style, many business adversaries thought she was ``unfeminine, ''but to Joel, she was always a woman. The two eventually divorced in 1982.", "title": "She's Always a Woman" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Ryde or Die, Bitch\", (also known by its clean title, \"Ryde or Die, Chick\"), is the lead single released from The LOX's second album, \"We Are the Streets\". The song was produced by Timbaland and featured him and Eve. It was the most successful single from the album, peaking at 73 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, 27 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and 22 on the Hot Rap Singles.", "title": "Ryde or Die, Bitch" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``We Are the Champions ''is a song by the British rock band Queen, first released on their 1977 album News of the World. Written by lead singer Freddie Mercury, it is one of Queen's most popular songs, and one of rock's most recognisable anthems.", "title": "We Are the Champions" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League that season. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers. UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this meant that if the Champions League winner finished outside the top four in its domestic league, it would qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team in the league. No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League. This occurred in 2012, when Chelsea – who had won the Champions League the previous year, but finished sixth in the league – qualified for the Champions League in place of Tottenham Hotspur, who went into the Europa League.", "title": "Premier League" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004–09) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In an interview with Simon Cowell, it was revealed that one of the songs for the album will be titled ``18 ''. The song was written by Ed Sheeran, who also wrote`` Little Things'' and ``Moments ''for the group.", "title": "Four (One Direction album)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Freunde\" (\"Friends\") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the fourth single and the twelfth track from the album \"Zurück zum Glück\".", "title": "Freunde" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Neon Lights\" (original German title: \"Neonlicht\") is a song by Kraftwerk, released in 1978 on their \"The Man-Machine\" album (released in German as \"Die Mensch-Maschine\"). The song was initially a B-side to their single, \"The Model\" (\"Das Model\"), but later the sides were swapped. The 12\" single was pressed on luminous vinyl.", "title": "Neon Lights (Kraftwerk song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school.", "title": "Taylor Swift (album)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Live and Let Die ''is the main theme song of the 1973 James Bond film Live and Let Die, written by Paul and Linda McCartney and performed by Paul McCartney's band Wings. It was one of the group's most successful singles, and the most successful Bond theme to that point, charting at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 9 on the UK Singles Chart.", "title": "Live and Let Die (song)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Truly Madly Deeply ''is a song by Australian pop band Savage Garden, released as the third single from their self - titled debut album in March 1997 by Columbia Records, Roadshow Music and Sony Records. It won the 1997 ARIA Music Award for Single of the Year and Highest Selling Single along it nominated for ARIA Music Award for Song of the Year. Written by bandmates Darren Hayes and Daniel Jones, the song is a reworking of a song called`` Magical Kisses'' that the pair wrote together long before recording began on their debut album. It was used as the main theme from the soundtrack of the 1998 film Music from Another Room, starring Jude Law and Gretchen Mol.", "title": "Truly Madly Deeply" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Electric Avenue ''is a song written, recorded and produced by Eddy Grant, who released it from his 1982 album Killer on the Rampage. In the United States, with the help of the MTV video he shot for it, it was one of 1983's biggest hits of the year. The song's title refers to Electric Avenue in the south London district of Brixton which was the first market street to be lit by electricity. The area is now known for its high population of Caribbean immigrants. At the beginning of the 1980s, tensions over unemployment, racism and poverty culminated in the street events now known as the 1981 Brixton riot. Grant, horrified and enraged, wrote and composed the song in response; a year afterwards, the song was playing over the airwaves.", "title": "Electric Avenue (song)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1997, Queen returned to the studio to record \"No-One but You (Only the Good Die Young)\", a song dedicated to Mercury and all those that die too soon. It was released as a bonus track on the Queen Rocks compilation album later that year. In January 1997, Queen performed \"The Show Must Go On\" live with Elton John and the Béjart Ballet in Paris on a night Mercury was remembered, and it marked the last performance and public appearance of John Deacon, who chose to retire. The Paris concert was only the second time Queen had played live since Mercury's death, prompting Elton John to urge them to perform again.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Cross My Heart\" is a 1966 song by Phil Ochs, an American singer-songwriter best known for the protest songs he wrote in the 1960s.", "title": "Cross My Heart (Phil Ochs song)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Wünsch DIR was\" (roughly \"Make a wish\"; lit. \"Wish YOURSELF something\") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the second single and the thirteenth track from the album \"Kauf MICH!\".", "title": "Wünsch DIR was" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"1/2 Lovesong\" is a song by Die Ärzte. It's the sixth track and the third single from their 1998 album \"13\". The song was composed by Bela B..", "title": "1/2 Lovesong" } ]	In what year did the writer of We Are the Champions die?	1991	[]	Title: Taylor Swift (album) Passage: Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. Title: Four (One Direction album) Passage: In an interview with Simon Cowell, it was revealed that one of the songs for the album will be titled ``18 ''. The song was written by Ed Sheeran, who also wrote`` Little Things'' and ``Moments ''for the group. Title: Live and Let Die (song) Passage: ``Live and Let Die ''is the main theme song of the 1973 James Bond film Live and Let Die, written by Paul and Linda McCartney and performed by Paul McCartney's band Wings. It was one of the group's most successful singles, and the most successful Bond theme to that point, charting at No. 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 9 on the UK Singles Chart. Title: 1/2 Lovesong Passage: "1/2 Lovesong" is a song by Die Ärzte. It's the sixth track and the third single from their 1998 album "13". The song was composed by Bela B.. Title: We Are the Champions Passage: ``We Are the Champions ''is a song by the British rock band Queen, first released on their 1977 album News of the World. Written by lead singer Freddie Mercury, it is one of Queen's most popular songs, and one of rock's most recognisable anthems. Title: Tommy Sparks Passage: Thomas "Tommy" Sparks (born 7 February 1986) is a Swedish-born English singer-songwriter from London. He is known for his songs "She's Got Me Dancing" and "I'm a Rope". His self-titled album was released on 11 May 2009 in the United Kingdom. He co-wrote The Prodigy song "Wild West" featured on the bonus disc for "Invaders Must Die". He also features on the Filthy Dukes album "Nonsense in the Dark" on the song "Messages". Title: Walkampf Passage: "Walkampf" ("Whale struggle") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the second single and the thirteenth track from the album "Zurück zum Glück". The title is a pun on the word "Wahlkampf", which means "election campaign" in German. Title: Premier League Passage: An exception to the usual European qualification system happened in 2005, after Liverpool won the Champions League the year before, but did not finish in a Champions League qualification place in the Premier League that season. UEFA gave special dispensation for Liverpool to enter the Champions League, giving England five qualifiers. UEFA subsequently ruled that the defending champions qualify for the competition the following year regardless of their domestic league placing. However, for those leagues with four entrants in the Champions League, this meant that if the Champions League winner finished outside the top four in its domestic league, it would qualify at the expense of the fourth-placed team in the league. No association can have more than four entrants in the Champions League. This occurred in 2012, when Chelsea – who had won the Champions League the previous year, but finished sixth in the league – qualified for the Champions League in place of Tottenham Hotspur, who went into the Europa League. Title: If We Must Die Passage: ``If We Must Die ''is a 1919 poem by Claude McKay published in the July issue of The Liberator. McKay wrote the poem as a response to mob attacks by white Americans upon African - American communities during Red Summer. The poem was later reprinted in The Messenger of the same year. The poem would also be read in Congress by Republican Senator from Massachusetts Henry Cabot Lodge. Title: Keith Kane Passage: Kane was raised in the towns of New Milford and Washington, Connecticut. He wrote his first song when he was nine years old and began performing while in high school. He received a bachelor's degree in Japanese from Georgetown University in 1992. Title: Ryde or Die, Bitch Passage: "Ryde or Die, Bitch", (also known by its clean title, "Ryde or Die, Chick"), is the lead single released from The LOX's second album, "We Are the Streets". The song was produced by Timbaland and featured him and Eve. It was the most successful single from the album, peaking at 73 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, 27 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and 22 on the Hot Rap Singles. Title: She's Always a Woman Passage: The song was released in 1977, following several other hits from The Stranger including ``Just the Way You Are '',`` Movin 'Out (Anthony's Song)'' and ``Only the Good Die Young ''. Musically, Joel has said that he was influenced by Gordon Lightfoot and his mellow acoustic guitar ballads. It is a love song that Joel wrote for his then wife, Elizabeth Weber. Elizabeth had taken over management of Joel's career, and was able to put his financial affairs in order after Joel had signed some bad deals and contracts. She was a tough and savvy negotiator who could`` wound with her eyes'' or ``steal like a thief '', but would`` never give in''. Because of her tough - as - nails negotiating style, many business adversaries thought she was ``unfeminine, ''but to Joel, she was always a woman. The two eventually divorced in 1982. Title: Wünsch DIR was Passage: "Wünsch DIR was" (roughly "Make a wish"; lit. "Wish YOURSELF something") is a song by Die Toten Hosen. It's the second single and the thirteenth track from the album "Kauf MICH!". Title: Neon Lights (Kraftwerk song) Passage: "Neon Lights" (original German title: "Neonlicht") is a song by Kraftwerk, released in 1978 on their "The Man-Machine" album (released in German as "Die Mensch-Maschine"). The song was initially a B-side to their single, "The Model" ("Das Model"), but later the sides were swapped. The 12" single was pressed on luminous vinyl. Title: Electric Avenue (song) Passage: ``Electric Avenue ''is a song written, recorded and produced by Eddy Grant, who released it from his 1982 album Killer on the Rampage. In the United States, with the help of the MTV video he shot for it, it was one of 1983's biggest hits of the year. The song's title refers to Electric Avenue in the south London district of Brixton which was the first market street to be lit by electricity. The area is now known for its high population of Caribbean immigrants. At the beginning of the 1980s, tensions over unemployment, racism and poverty culminated in the street events now known as the 1981 Brixton riot. Grant, horrified and enraged, wrote and composed the song in response; a year afterwards, the song was playing over the airwaves. Title: Queen (band) Passage: Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh "Freddie" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Queen" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004–09) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury. Title: Truly Madly Deeply Passage: ``Truly Madly Deeply ''is a song by Australian pop band Savage Garden, released as the third single from their self - titled debut album in March 1997 by Columbia Records, Roadshow Music and Sony Records. It won the 1997 ARIA Music Award for Single of the Year and Highest Selling Single along it nominated for ARIA Music Award for Song of the Year. Written by bandmates Darren Hayes and Daniel Jones, the song is a reworking of a song called`` Magical Kisses'' that the pair wrote together long before recording began on their debut album. It was used as the main theme from the soundtrack of the 1998 film Music from Another Room, starring Jude Law and Gretchen Mol.	[ "We Are the Champions", "Queen (band)" ]
3hop1__570335_805015_48308	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Friedrich Carl Louis Otto Appel (19 May 1867, Coburg – 10 November 1952, Berlin-Zehlendorf) was a German botanist and agriculturalist.", "title": "Otto Appel" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Munroturuttu railway station or Mundrothuruthu railway station (Code:MQO) is an 'HG 2 Category' halt railway station, situated in between Perinad and Sasthamkotta railway stations of Kollam district in Kerala state, India. The station is coming under the Southern Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The nearest major rail head of Munrothuruthu railway station is Kollam Junction railway station.", "title": "Munroturuttu railway station" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Berlin–Hamburg railway was opened between Berlin and Boizenburg on 15 October 1846 and Glöwen station was opened on the same day. The station was intended from the beginning to serve not only the comparatively small town of Glöwen, but also as a hub for Havelberg and a number of other places. In the years following the opening of the station, two passenger fares were offered on the day to Havelberg, plus a fare on the day to Genthin and even a fare to Rostock. Patronage at Glöwen station in 1847 was in sixth place of the stations of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway after Berlin, Hamburg, Hagenow, Wittenberge and Ludwigslust.", "title": "Glöwen station" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war.", "title": "Declaration of war by the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kokuvil railway station ( \"Kokkuvil toṭaruntu nilaiyam\") is a railway station in the town of Kokuvil in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2015 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Jaffna and Kankesanthurai was re-opened on 2 January 2015.", "title": "Kokuvil railway station" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the Russian Empire lost the Crimean War, the importance of use of tactical use of modern inventions, as well as railways. In February 1851 the Government of Russia made a decision to build the Saint Petersburg – Warsaw Railway line. Starting from 1858 the line connecting Saint Petersburg and Warsaw was being built. In the territory of Lithuania, the construction of the railway section Daugavpils–Vilnius–Grodno including the branch Lentvaris–Kaunas–Kybartai (Virbalis) was started in spring 1859. The first railway stations in Lithuania were constructed on this line (21 stations): the super class stations in Lentvaris and Virbalis, as well as the first class stations in Kaunas and Vilnius. Due to the hilly and unfavorable for the direct rail passage terrain around Kaunas' centre, the Kaunas Railway Tunnel and largest in Lithuania railway bridge over the Nemunas river were constructed. On the 15 August 1861 the first train left Kaunas and reached Lentvaris. Kaunas railway station was officially opened on 21 February 1862. In 1944, the station was bombed by the withdrawing German army.", "title": "Kaunas railway station" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "There are six railway stations in the town of Coburg in Bavaria, southern Germany. These include: two passenger stations, three halts and one goods station.", "title": "Railway stations in Coburg" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America.", "title": "American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 11 December 1941, four days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States declaration of war against the Japanese Empire, Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, in response to what was claimed to be a series of provocations by the United States government when the US was still officially neutral during World War II. The decision to declare war was made by Adolf Hitler, apparently offhand, almost without consultation. Later that day, the United States declared war on Germany.", "title": "German declaration of war against the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Balfron railway station was a railway station that served the village of Balfron in Scotland. The station was served by trains on the Strathendrick and Aberfoyle Railway and the Forth and Clyde Junction Railway, both of which closed in the 1950s.", "title": "Balfron railway station" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Latin American wars of independence were the revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America. These revolutions followed the American and French Revolutions, which had profound effects on the British, Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonies in the Americas. Haiti, a French slave colony, was the first to follow the United States; the Haitian Revolution lasted from 1791 to 1804, when they won their independence. The Peninsular War with France, which resulted from the Napoleonic occupation of Spain, caused Spanish Creoles in Spanish America to question their allegiance to Spain, stoking independence movements that culminated in the wars of independence, which lasted almost two decades. At the same time, the Portuguese monarchy relocated to Brazil during Portugal's French occupation. After the royal court returned to Lisbon, the prince regent, Pedro, remained in Brazil and in 1822 successfully declared himself emperor of a newly independent Brazil.", "title": "Decolonization of the Americas" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilde is an unincorporated place in northern Manitoba, Canada. It is serviced by the Wilde railway station of the Winnipeg - Churchill train.", "title": "Wilde, Manitoba" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Habibganj railway station (Station Code: HBJ) is a railway station in Bhopal City and part of the West Central Railway. It is located in Habibganj, New Bhopal. It is India's first private railway station.", "title": "Habibganj railway station" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Otjiwarongo railway station is a railway station serving the town of Otjiwarongo in Namibia. It is part of the TransNamib Railway.", "title": "Otjiwarongo railway station" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Amiens Gun is a German railway gun (originally mounted in the battleship ) that was captured by the Australian Imperial Force during World War I and returned to Australia as a war trophy. The 28 cm SK L/40 \"Bruno\" (SK – \"Schnelladekanone\" (quick-loading cannon) L – \"Länge\" (with a 40-calibre barrel)) gun was placed on public display on 26 March 1920 adjacent to the Central railway station, Sydney. While the gun's carriage was scrapped during the 1960s, the gun barrel remains on display at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra.", "title": "Amiens Gun" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.", "title": "Mid-twentieth century baby boom" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and her Thirteen Colonies, which declared independence as the United States of America.", "title": "American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mankulam railway station ( \"Māṅkuḷam toṭaruntu nilaiyam\") is a railway station in the town of Mankulam in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2013 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Omanthai and Kilinochchi, which includes Mankulam, was re-opened on 14 September 2013.", "title": "Mankulam railway station" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Omanthai railway station ( \"Ōmantai toṭaruntu nilaiyam\") is a railway station in the town of Omanthai in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2009 due to the civil war. It was re-opened on 27 May 2011.", "title": "Omanthai railway station" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Salzwedel station was built in 1870 during the construction of the Stendal–Uelzen railway (part of the America Line from Berlin to Bremen and Bremerhaven) by the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company. Railways formerly ran in seven directions from Salzwedel station or Salzwedel Neustadt station (which lay to the immediate east), as the table below shows. A locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk) was built directly next to it in order to service these routes. During the Second World War, the station area was destroyed in an air raid on 22 February 1945, which caused about 300 deaths. Of the seven lines, only the Stendal–Uelzen railway remain. During the division of Germany the line was cut at the border, but continuous operations were restored on 19 December 1999. It has been extensively modernised since reunification and electrified so that it can be used an alternative route for Intercity-Express train from Berlin to Hamburg.", "title": "Salzwedel station" } ]	In WW2, when did America declare war on the country where Otto Appel was born?	11 December 1941	[]	Title: Munroturuttu railway station Passage: Munroturuttu railway station or Mundrothuruthu railway station (Code:MQO) is an 'HG 2 Category' halt railway station, situated in between Perinad and Sasthamkotta railway stations of Kollam district in Kerala state, India. The station is coming under the Southern Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The nearest major rail head of Munrothuruthu railway station is Kollam Junction railway station. Title: Omanthai railway station Passage: Omanthai railway station ( "Ōmantai toṭaruntu nilaiyam") is a railway station in the town of Omanthai in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2009 due to the civil war. It was re-opened on 27 May 2011. Title: American Revolutionary War Passage: The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and her Thirteen Colonies, which declared independence as the United States of America. Title: Glöwen station Passage: The Berlin–Hamburg railway was opened between Berlin and Boizenburg on 15 October 1846 and Glöwen station was opened on the same day. The station was intended from the beginning to serve not only the comparatively small town of Glöwen, but also as a hub for Havelberg and a number of other places. In the years following the opening of the station, two passenger fares were offered on the day to Havelberg, plus a fare on the day to Genthin and even a fare to Rostock. Patronage at Glöwen station in 1847 was in sixth place of the stations of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway after Berlin, Hamburg, Hagenow, Wittenberge and Ludwigslust. Title: Kaunas railway station Passage: After the Russian Empire lost the Crimean War, the importance of use of tactical use of modern inventions, as well as railways. In February 1851 the Government of Russia made a decision to build the Saint Petersburg – Warsaw Railway line. Starting from 1858 the line connecting Saint Petersburg and Warsaw was being built. In the territory of Lithuania, the construction of the railway section Daugavpils–Vilnius–Grodno including the branch Lentvaris–Kaunas–Kybartai (Virbalis) was started in spring 1859. The first railway stations in Lithuania were constructed on this line (21 stations): the super class stations in Lentvaris and Virbalis, as well as the first class stations in Kaunas and Vilnius. Due to the hilly and unfavorable for the direct rail passage terrain around Kaunas' centre, the Kaunas Railway Tunnel and largest in Lithuania railway bridge over the Nemunas river were constructed. On the 15 August 1861 the first train left Kaunas and reached Lentvaris. Kaunas railway station was officially opened on 21 February 1862. In 1944, the station was bombed by the withdrawing German army. Title: Otto Appel Passage: Friedrich Carl Louis Otto Appel (19 May 1867, Coburg – 10 November 1952, Berlin-Zehlendorf) was a German botanist and agriculturalist. Title: American Revolutionary War Passage: The American Revolutionary War (1775 -- 1783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. Title: German declaration of war against the United States Passage: On 11 December 1941, four days after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the United States declaration of war against the Japanese Empire, Nazi Germany declared war against the United States, in response to what was claimed to be a series of provocations by the United States government when the US was still officially neutral during World War II. The decision to declare war was made by Adolf Hitler, apparently offhand, almost without consultation. Later that day, the United States declared war on Germany. Title: Habibganj railway station Passage: Habibganj railway station (Station Code: HBJ) is a railway station in Bhopal City and part of the West Central Railway. It is located in Habibganj, New Bhopal. It is India's first private railway station. Title: Decolonization of the Americas Passage: The Latin American wars of independence were the revolutions that took place during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and resulted in the creation of a number of independent countries in Latin America. These revolutions followed the American and French Revolutions, which had profound effects on the British, Spanish, Portuguese, and French colonies in the Americas. Haiti, a French slave colony, was the first to follow the United States; the Haitian Revolution lasted from 1791 to 1804, when they won their independence. The Peninsular War with France, which resulted from the Napoleonic occupation of Spain, caused Spanish Creoles in Spanish America to question their allegiance to Spain, stoking independence movements that culminated in the wars of independence, which lasted almost two decades. At the same time, the Portuguese monarchy relocated to Brazil during Portugal's French occupation. After the royal court returned to Lisbon, the prince regent, Pedro, remained in Brazil and in 1822 successfully declared himself emperor of a newly independent Brazil. Title: Wilde, Manitoba Passage: Wilde is an unincorporated place in northern Manitoba, Canada. It is serviced by the Wilde railway station of the Winnipeg - Churchill train. Title: Salzwedel station Passage: Salzwedel station was built in 1870 during the construction of the Stendal–Uelzen railway (part of the America Line from Berlin to Bremen and Bremerhaven) by the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company. Railways formerly ran in seven directions from Salzwedel station or Salzwedel Neustadt station (which lay to the immediate east), as the table below shows. A locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk) was built directly next to it in order to service these routes. During the Second World War, the station area was destroyed in an air raid on 22 February 1945, which caused about 300 deaths. Of the seven lines, only the Stendal–Uelzen railway remain. During the division of Germany the line was cut at the border, but continuous operations were restored on 19 December 1999. It has been extensively modernised since reunification and electrified so that it can be used an alternative route for Intercity-Express train from Berlin to Hamburg. Title: Amiens Gun Passage: The Amiens Gun is a German railway gun (originally mounted in the battleship ) that was captured by the Australian Imperial Force during World War I and returned to Australia as a war trophy. The 28 cm SK L/40 "Bruno" (SK – "Schnelladekanone" (quick-loading cannon) L – "Länge" (with a 40-calibre barrel)) gun was placed on public display on 26 March 1920 adjacent to the Central railway station, Sydney. While the gun's carriage was scrapped during the 1960s, the gun barrel remains on display at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. Title: Balfron railway station Passage: Balfron railway station was a railway station that served the village of Balfron in Scotland. The station was served by trains on the Strathendrick and Aberfoyle Railway and the Forth and Clyde Junction Railway, both of which closed in the 1950s. Title: Mankulam railway station Passage: Mankulam railway station ( "Māṅkuḷam toṭaruntu nilaiyam") is a railway station in the town of Mankulam in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station. The station was not functioning between 1990 and 2013 due to the civil war. The Northern Line between Omanthai and Kilinochchi, which includes Mankulam, was re-opened on 14 September 2013. Title: Declaration of war by the United States Passage: The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war. Title: Railway stations in Coburg Passage: There are six railway stations in the town of Coburg in Bavaria, southern Germany. These include: two passenger stations, three halts and one goods station.	[ "Otto Appel", "Railway stations in Coburg", "German declaration of war against the United States" ]
2hop__125260_46031	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Disguise for Murder\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published as \"The Twisted Scarf\" in the September 1950 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Curtains for Three\", published by the Viking Press in 1951.", "title": "Disguise for Murder" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Shipping News is a novel by American author E. Annie Proulx and published by Charles Scribner's Sons in 1993. It won the Pulitzer Prize, the U.S. National Book Award, as well as other awards. It was adapted as a film of the same name which was released in 2001.", "title": "The Shipping News" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (Known as ``The Pickwick Papers '') (Monthly serial, April 1836 to November 1837)", "title": "Charles Dickens" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ancient Wisdom is a book by Annie Besant published in 1897, as per the dedication in the leader of the undated first pressing.", "title": "The Ancient Wisdom" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Great Expectations is the thirteenth novel by Charles Dickens and his penultimate completed novel: a bildungsroman that depicts the personal growth and personal development of an orphan nicknamed Pip. It is Dickens's second novel, after David Copperfield, to be fully narrated in the first person. The novel was first published as a serial in Dickens's weekly periodical All the Year Round, from 1 December 1860 to August 1861. In October 1861, Chapman and Hall published the novel in three volumes.", "title": "Great Expectations" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dora Annie Dickens (16 August 1850 – 14 April 1851) was the infant daughter of English novelist Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine. She was the ninth of their ten children, and the youngest of their three daughters.", "title": "Dora Annie Dickens" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"When a Man Murders\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the May 1954 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Three Witnesses\", published by the Viking Press in 1956.", "title": "When a Man Murders" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Asterix and Caesar's Gift is the twenty-first volume of the Asterix comic book series, by René Goscinny (stories) and Albert Uderzo (illustrations). It was the first Asterix adventure that was not published in serial form in \"Pilote\" magazine prior to its publication as a book.", "title": "Asterix and Caesar's Gift" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Gun with Wings\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the December 1949 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Curtains for Three\", published by the Viking Press in 1951.", "title": "The Gun with Wings" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Immune to Murder\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the November 1955 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Three for the Chair\", published by the Viking Press in 1957.", "title": "Immune to Murder" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Day I Swapped My Dad for Two Goldfish is a book by Neil Gaiman and Dave McKean, first published in 1997 by White Wolf Publishing. It was republished in 2004 by Harper Children's with a new cover and afterword. The story is a retelling of the old tale of an object that gets swapped from person to person, until the original owner needs it back—and then has to swap possessions back again, step by step, to retrieve it.", "title": "The Day I Swapped My Dad for Two Goldfish" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Help Wanted, Male\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the August 1945 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Trouble in Triplicate\", published by the Viking Press in 1949.", "title": "Help Wanted, Male" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wizard of Lemuria is a fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the first book of his \"Thongor series\" set on the fictional ancient lost continent of Lemuria. The author's first published novel, it was initially issued in paperback by Ace Books in 1965. The author afterwards revised and expanded the text, in which form it was reissued as Thongor and the Wizard of Lemuria, first published in paperback by Berkley Books in 1969. This retitled and revised edition became the standard edition for later reprintings. The novel was also adapted into comic form, appearing in eight issues of Marvel's \"Creatures on the Loose\".", "title": "The Wizard of Lemuria" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The novel was originally published in monthly instalments in the magazine Bentley's Miscellany, from February 1837 to April 1839. It was originally intended to form part of Dickens's serial, The Mudfog Papers. George Cruikshank provided one steel etching per month to illustrate each instalment. The novel first appeared in book form six months before the initial serialisation was completed, in three volumes published by Richard Bentley, the owner of Bentley's Miscellany, under the author's pseudonym, \"Boz\". It included 24 steel-engraved plates by Cruikshank.", "title": "Oliver Twist" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Too Many Detectives\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published September 14, 1956, in \"Collier's\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Three for the Chair\", published by the Viking Press in 1957.", "title": "Too Many Detectives" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Copperfield is the eighth novel by Charles Dickens. The novel's full title is The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery (Which He Never Meant to Publish on Any Account). It was first published as a serial in 1849 -- 50, and as a book in 1850. Many elements of the novel follow events in Dickens's own life, and it is often considered his veiled autobiography. It was Dickens' favourite among his own novels. In the preface to the 1867 edition, Dickens wrote, ``like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is David Copperfield. ''The novel describes the journey of the protagonist David Copperfield; modeled after Dickens himself, from impoverished and miserable childhood to becoming a successful and famous author. Like some of his other novels, it contains disturbing descriptions of child abuse.", "title": "David Copperfield" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Umizoomi & Dora's Fantastic Flight is a video game crossover between \"Team Umizoomi\" and \"Dora the Explorer\" developed by Black Lantern Studios and published by Take-Two Interactive's 2K Play label for Nintendo DS in 2012.", "title": "Team Umizoomi & Dora's Fantastic Flight" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrew Mangham (born 1979) is a literary critic and lecturer at the University of Reading, UK. He is best known for his work on the sensation novel, having published three books and numerous articles on the genre, but he has also published critical work on Dickens and the Gothic. Mangham was born in Thurnscoe, a coal-mining village near Barnsley, South Yorkshire, and got his bachelor's degree from the University of Huddersfield. He gained distinction in his master's degree in Victorian Literature from the University of Leeds, and moved to the University of Sheffield to study for a PhD with Sally Shuttleworth. The subject of his PhD thesis became the basis of his first book \"Violent Women and Sensation Fiction\", which was published in 2007.", "title": "Andrew Mangham" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Bullet for One\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the July 1948 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Curtains for Three\", published by the Viking Press in 1951.", "title": "Bullet for One" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Cordially Invited to Meet Death\" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in abridged form as \"Invitation to Murder\" in the April 1942 issue of \"The American Magazine\". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection \"Black Orchids\", published by Farrar & Rinehart in 1942.", "title": "Cordially Invited to Meet Death" } ]	What was the form of Dora Annie Dickens's father's first book?	Monthly serial	[]	Title: Help Wanted, Male Passage: "Help Wanted, Male" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the August 1945 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Trouble in Triplicate", published by the Viking Press in 1949. Title: Asterix and Caesar's Gift Passage: Asterix and Caesar's Gift is the twenty-first volume of the Asterix comic book series, by René Goscinny (stories) and Albert Uderzo (illustrations). It was the first Asterix adventure that was not published in serial form in "Pilote" magazine prior to its publication as a book. Title: Charles Dickens Passage: The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (Known as ``The Pickwick Papers '') (Monthly serial, April 1836 to November 1837) Title: Cordially Invited to Meet Death Passage: "Cordially Invited to Meet Death" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in abridged form as "Invitation to Murder" in the April 1942 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Black Orchids", published by Farrar & Rinehart in 1942. Title: Dora Annie Dickens Passage: Dora Annie Dickens (16 August 1850 – 14 April 1851) was the infant daughter of English novelist Charles Dickens and his wife Catherine. She was the ninth of their ten children, and the youngest of their three daughters. Title: Disguise for Murder Passage: "Disguise for Murder" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published as "The Twisted Scarf" in the September 1950 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Curtains for Three", published by the Viking Press in 1951. Title: Immune to Murder Passage: "Immune to Murder" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the November 1955 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Three for the Chair", published by the Viking Press in 1957. Title: The Ancient Wisdom Passage: The Ancient Wisdom is a book by Annie Besant published in 1897, as per the dedication in the leader of the undated first pressing. Title: When a Man Murders Passage: "When a Man Murders" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the May 1954 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Three Witnesses", published by the Viking Press in 1956. Title: Too Many Detectives Passage: "Too Many Detectives" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published September 14, 1956, in "Collier's". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Three for the Chair", published by the Viking Press in 1957. Title: The Day I Swapped My Dad for Two Goldfish Passage: The Day I Swapped My Dad for Two Goldfish is a book by Neil Gaiman and Dave McKean, first published in 1997 by White Wolf Publishing. It was republished in 2004 by Harper Children's with a new cover and afterword. The story is a retelling of the old tale of an object that gets swapped from person to person, until the original owner needs it back—and then has to swap possessions back again, step by step, to retrieve it. Title: The Gun with Wings Passage: "The Gun with Wings" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the December 1949 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Curtains for Three", published by the Viking Press in 1951. Title: Team Umizoomi & Dora's Fantastic Flight Passage: Team Umizoomi & Dora's Fantastic Flight is a video game crossover between "Team Umizoomi" and "Dora the Explorer" developed by Black Lantern Studios and published by Take-Two Interactive's 2K Play label for Nintendo DS in 2012. Title: Bullet for One Passage: "Bullet for One" is a Nero Wolfe mystery novella by Rex Stout, first published in the July 1948 issue of "The American Magazine". It first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "Curtains for Three", published by the Viking Press in 1951. Title: The Wizard of Lemuria Passage: The Wizard of Lemuria is a fantasy novel by American writer Lin Carter, the first book of his "Thongor series" set on the fictional ancient lost continent of Lemuria. The author's first published novel, it was initially issued in paperback by Ace Books in 1965. The author afterwards revised and expanded the text, in which form it was reissued as Thongor and the Wizard of Lemuria, first published in paperback by Berkley Books in 1969. This retitled and revised edition became the standard edition for later reprintings. The novel was also adapted into comic form, appearing in eight issues of Marvel's "Creatures on the Loose". Title: Oliver Twist Passage: The novel was originally published in monthly instalments in the magazine Bentley's Miscellany, from February 1837 to April 1839. It was originally intended to form part of Dickens's serial, The Mudfog Papers. George Cruikshank provided one steel etching per month to illustrate each instalment. The novel first appeared in book form six months before the initial serialisation was completed, in three volumes published by Richard Bentley, the owner of Bentley's Miscellany, under the author's pseudonym, "Boz". It included 24 steel-engraved plates by Cruikshank. Title: David Copperfield Passage: David Copperfield is the eighth novel by Charles Dickens. The novel's full title is The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery (Which He Never Meant to Publish on Any Account). It was first published as a serial in 1849 -- 50, and as a book in 1850. Many elements of the novel follow events in Dickens's own life, and it is often considered his veiled autobiography. It was Dickens' favourite among his own novels. In the preface to the 1867 edition, Dickens wrote, ``like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is David Copperfield. ''The novel describes the journey of the protagonist David Copperfield; modeled after Dickens himself, from impoverished and miserable childhood to becoming a successful and famous author. Like some of his other novels, it contains disturbing descriptions of child abuse.	[ "Charles Dickens", "Dora Annie Dickens" ]
2hop__533056_158069	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos (; 14 December 1670 – 23 March 1742), also referred to as l'Abbé Du Bos, was a French author.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste Dubos" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the ``miracle of the five loaves and two fish '', because the Gospel of John reports that five barley loaves and two small fish supplied by a boy were used by Jesus to feed a multitude. According to Matthew's gospel, when Jesus heard that John the Baptist had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place. Luke specifies that the place was near Bethsaida. The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said,`` This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.''", "title": "Feeding the multitude" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau (c.1585–1650) was a French architect, the son of Jean Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau, the outstanding Parisian architect of his generation.", "title": "Jean Androuet du Cerceau" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Negress is a bronze sculpture by French artist Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. It is now in the permanent collection at the Indianapolis Museum of Art.", "title": "The Negress" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mirabel, Canada (A220)Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium. An original solution to the problem of moving aircraft parts between the different factories and the assembly plants is the use of the Airbus Beluga, a modified cargo aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. This solution has also been investigated by Boeing, which retrofitted 4 747-400s to transport the components of the 787. An exception to this scheme is the A380, whose fuselage and wings are too large for sections to be carried by the Beluga. Large A380 parts are brought by ship to Bordeaux, and then transported to the Toulouse assembly plant by the Itinéraire à Grand Gabarit, a specially enlarged waterway and road route.", "title": "Airbus" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Airbus A380 is a double - deck, wide - body, four - engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner, and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it. It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing's monopoly in the large - aircraft market. The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines. An improved version, the A380plus, is under development.", "title": "Airbus A380" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Pitrot (22 May 1729, Bordeaux - 4 January 1809, Brussels), called Pitrot cadet (\"Pitrot the younger\") to distinguish him from his elder brother Antoine, was a French dancer and balletmaster. His father, Barthélemy Pitrot, was a French actor and dancer who criss-crossed the French provinces and the Southern Netherlands in the first half of the 18th century.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste Pitrot" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the ``miracle of the five loaves and two fish '', because the Gospel of John reports that five barley loaves and two small fish supplied by a boy were used by Jesus to feed a multitude. According to Luke's Gospel, when Jesus heard that John the Baptist had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place near Bethsaida. The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said,`` This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.''", "title": "Feeding the multitude" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet (2 May 1746 in Bernay, Eure – 17 February 1825) was a French politician of the Revolutionary period. His brother, Robert Thomas Lindet, became a constitutional bishop and member of the National Convention. Although his role may not have been spectacular, Jean-Baptiste Lindet came to be the embodiment of the growing middle class that came to dominate French politics during the Revolution.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 15, 2017, Bishop Eddie Long died from an aggressive form of cancer according to a statement released by the church. The church then announced Stephen A. Davis, pastor of New Birth Birmingham in Birmingham, Alabama would be Long's successor at New Birth Missionary Baptist Church in Lithonia while remaining pastor of the Birmingham church.", "title": "New Birth Missionary Baptist Church" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis Lully (4 August 1664 in Paris – 1 April 1734) was a French musician and the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Lully.", "title": "Louis Lully" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canon de 16 Gribeauval was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery.", "title": "Canon de 16 Gribeauval" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Limpet Island is the southernmost of the Léonie Islands, Antarctica, lying in the entrance to Ryder Bay, close off the southeast coast of Adelaide Island. The Léonie Islands were discovered and first roughly surveyed in 1909 by the Fourth French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. Limpet Island was surveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey and so named by them because of the large number of limpet shells found there.", "title": "Limpet Island" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle (1662, Marseille-1723, Marseille) was French Consul in the Moroccan city of Salé in 1689-98. He was the son of Pierre Estelle, Consul at Tetuan. He succeeded Jean Perillier as consul at Salé.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste Estelle" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Je fais le mort is a 2013 French comedy film written and directed by Jean-Paul Salomé. The film stars François Damiens, Géraldine Nakache and Lucien Jean-Baptiste. It was screened at the Rome Film Festival, under the title Playing Dead.", "title": "Je fais le mort" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Puech is a French actor. He graduated from the Maison des Conservatoires in 1998 and the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in 2000.", "title": "Jean-Baptiste Puech" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "GP7000 A GP7270 installed on an Airbus A380. Type Turbofan Manufacturer Engine Alliance First run April 2004 Major applications Airbus A380 Unit cost $13.5 million (2006 USD) Developed from General Electric GE90 Pratt & Whitney PW4000", "title": "Engine Alliance GP7000" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune (Senlis, Oise, 1732 – Angoulême, 7 October 1809) was a French philologist, physician and translator.", "title": "Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; the Kingdom of God; last things (eschatology) (Jesus Christ will return personally and visibly in glory to the earth, the dead will be raised, and Christ will judge everyone in righteousness); and evangelism and missions. Some historically significant Baptist doctrinal documents include the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, 1742 Philadelphia Baptist Confession, the 1833 New Hampshire Baptist Confession of Faith, the Southern Baptist Convention's Baptist Faith and Message, and written church covenants which some individual Baptist churches adopt as a statement of their faith and beliefs.", "title": "Baptists" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Albouy (11 December 1747, in Marseille – 28 March 1809, in Paris), stage name Dazincourt, was a French actor.", "title": "Dazincourt" } ]	After the city where Jean-Baptiste Pitrot was born, where do the large A380 aircraft go?	transported to the Toulouse assembly plant	[ "Toulouse" ]	Title: Louis Lully Passage: Louis Lully (4 August 1664 in Paris – 1 April 1734) was a French musician and the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Lully. Title: The Negress Passage: The Negress is a bronze sculpture by French artist Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux. It is now in the permanent collection at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. Title: Canon de 16 Gribeauval Passage: The Canon de 16 Gribeauval was a French cannon and part of the Gribeauval system developed by Jean Baptiste Vaquette de Gribeauval. It was part of the siege artillery. Title: Feeding the multitude Passage: The Feeding of the 5,000 is also known as the ``miracle of the five loaves and two fish '', because the Gospel of John reports that five barley loaves and two small fish supplied by a boy were used by Jesus to feed a multitude. According to Luke's Gospel, when Jesus heard that John the Baptist had been killed, he withdrew by boat privately to a solitary place near Bethsaida. The crowds followed Jesus on foot from the towns. When Jesus landed and saw a large crowd, he had compassion on them and healed their sick. As evening approached, the disciples came to him and said,`` This is a remote place, and it's already getting late. Send the crowds away, so they can go to the villages and buy themselves some food.'' Title: Jean-Baptiste Dubos Passage: Jean-Baptiste Dubos (; 14 December 1670 – 23 March 1742), also referred to as l'Abbé Du Bos, was a French author. Title: Airbus A380 Passage: The Airbus A380 is a double - deck, wide - body, four - engine jet airliner manufactured by European manufacturer Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner, and the airports at which it operates have upgraded facilities to accommodate it. It was initially named Airbus A3XX and designed to challenge Boeing's monopoly in the large - aircraft market. The A380 made its first flight on 27 April 2005 and entered commercial service on 25 October 2007 with Singapore Airlines. An improved version, the A380plus, is under development. Title: Engine Alliance GP7000 Passage: GP7000 A GP7270 installed on an Airbus A380. Type Turbofan Manufacturer Engine Alliance First run April 2004 Major applications Airbus A380 Unit cost $13.5 million (2006 USD) Developed from General Electric GE90 Pratt & Whitney PW4000 Title: Jean-Baptiste Pitrot Passage: Jean-Baptiste Pitrot (22 May 1729, Bordeaux - 4 January 1809, Brussels), called Pitrot cadet ("Pitrot the younger") to distinguish him from his elder brother Antoine, was a French dancer and balletmaster. His father, Barthélemy Pitrot, was a French actor and dancer who criss-crossed the French provinces and the Southern Netherlands in the first half of the 18th century. Title: Je fais le mort Passage: Je fais le mort is a 2013 French comedy film written and directed by Jean-Paul Salomé. The film stars François Damiens, Géraldine Nakache and Lucien Jean-Baptiste. It was screened at the Rome Film Festival, under the title Playing Dead. Title: Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune Passage: Jean Baptiste Lefebvre de Villebrune (Senlis, Oise, 1732 – Angoulême, 7 October 1809) was a French philologist, physician and translator. Title: Jean Androuet du Cerceau Passage: Jean Androuet du Cerceau (c.1585–1650) was a French architect, the son of Jean Baptiste Androuet du Cerceau, the outstanding Parisian architect of his generation. Title: Limpet Island Passage: Limpet Island is the southernmost of the Léonie Islands, Antarctica, lying in the entrance to Ryder Bay, close off the southeast coast of Adelaide Island. The Léonie Islands were discovered and first roughly surveyed in 1909 by the Fourth French Antarctic Expedition under Jean-Baptiste Charcot. Limpet Island was surveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey and so named by them because of the large number of limpet shells found there. Title: Baptists Passage: Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; the Kingdom of God; last things (eschatology) (Jesus Christ will return personally and visibly in glory to the earth, the dead will be raised, and Christ will judge everyone in righteousness); and evangelism and missions. Some historically significant Baptist doctrinal documents include the 1689 London Baptist Confession of Faith, 1742 Philadelphia Baptist Confession, the 1833 New Hampshire Baptist Confession of Faith, the Southern Baptist Convention's Baptist Faith and Message, and written church covenants which some individual Baptist churches adopt as a statement of their faith and beliefs. Title: Airbus Passage: Mirabel, Canada (A220)Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium. An original solution to the problem of moving aircraft parts between the different factories and the assembly plants is the use of the Airbus Beluga, a modified cargo aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. This solution has also been investigated by Boeing, which retrofitted 4 747-400s to transport the components of the 787. An exception to this scheme is the A380, whose fuselage and wings are too large for sections to be carried by the Beluga. Large A380 parts are brought by ship to Bordeaux, and then transported to the Toulouse assembly plant by the Itinéraire à Grand Gabarit, a specially enlarged waterway and road route. Title: Jean-Baptiste Puech Passage: Jean-Baptiste Puech is a French actor. He graduated from the Maison des Conservatoires in 1998 and the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in 2000. Title: Dazincourt Passage: Joseph-Jean-Baptiste Albouy (11 December 1747, in Marseille – 28 March 1809, in Paris), stage name Dazincourt, was a French actor. Title: New Birth Missionary Baptist Church Passage: On January 15, 2017, Bishop Eddie Long died from an aggressive form of cancer according to a statement released by the church. The church then announced Stephen A. Davis, pastor of New Birth Birmingham in Birmingham, Alabama would be Long's successor at New Birth Missionary Baptist Church in Lithonia while remaining pastor of the Birmingham church.	[ "Airbus", "Jean-Baptiste Pitrot" ]
4hop2__53235_68764_57802_311656	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Astérix, the first French satellite, was launched on November 26, 1965 by a Diamant A rocket from Hammaguir, Algeria. With Astérix, France became the sixth country to have an artificial satellite in orbit after: USSR (Sputnik 1, 1957), the United States (Explorer 1, 1958), the United Kingdom (Ariel 1, 1962), Canada (Alouette 1, 1962) and Italy (San Marco 1, 1964), and the third to launch a satellite on its own (the UK, Canada and Italy's satellites were launched on American rockets). The satellite was originally designated A-1, as the French Army's first satellite, but later renamed after the popular French comics character Astérix. Due to the relatively high altitude of its orbit, it is not expected to re-enter Earth's atmosphere for several centuries.", "title": "Astérix (satellite)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Earth's sky, the Sun, Moon, and stars appear to move from east to west because of the rotation of Earth (so - called diurnal motion). However, orbiters such as the Space Shuttle and many artificial satellites appear to move from west to east. These are direct satellites (they actually orbit Earth in the same direction as the Moon), but they orbit Earth faster than Earth itself rotates, and so appear to move in the opposite direction of the Moon. Mars has a natural satellite Phobos, with a similar orbit. From the surface of Mars it appears to move in the opposite direction because its orbital period is less than a Martian day. There are also smaller numbers of truly retrograde artificial satellites orbiting Earth which counter-intuitively appear to move westward, in the same direction as the Moon.", "title": "Apparent retrograde motion" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-42 was launched at 05:57:59 UTC on 18 August 1989, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D186, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-42 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-42" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-63 was launched at 05:39:00 UTC on 2 August 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D197, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-63 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-63" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-64 was launched at 21:56:00 UTC on 1 October 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D199, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-64 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-64" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Israeli Space Agency coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals. In 2012 Israel was ranked ninth in the world by the Futron's Space Competitiveness Index. Israel is one of only seven countries that both build their own satellites and launch their own launchers. The Shavit is a space launch vehicle produced by Israel to launch small satellites into low earth orbit. It was first launched in 1988, making Israel the eighth nation to have a space launch capability. Shavit rockets are launched from the spaceport at the Palmachim Airbase by the Israeli Space Agency. Since 1988 Israel Aerospace Industries have indigenously designed and built at least 13 commercial, research and spy satellites. Some of Israel's satellites are ranked among the world's most advanced space systems. In 2003, Ilan Ramon became Israel's first astronaut, serving as payload specialist of STS-107, the fatal mission of the Space Shuttle Columbia.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-38 was launched at 22:19 UTC on 10 June 1989, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D185, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-38 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-38" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite II or STARS-II, was a nanosatellite built by Japan's Kagawa University to test an electrodynamic tether in low Earth orbit, a follow-on to the STARS mission.", "title": "STARS-II" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "OPS 9794 was launched at 10:21 UTC on 14 July 1983, atop an Atlas E/F carrier rocket with an SGS-2 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 75E, and was originally built as an Atlas E. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3W at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 9794 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor.", "title": "OPS 9794" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-54 was launched at 02:45:01 UTC on 26 March 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D193, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-54 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-54" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sputnik 1 (/ ˈspʊtnɪk / or / ˈspʌtnɪk /; ``Satellite - 1 '', or`` PS - 1'', Простейший Спутник - 1 or Prosteyshiy Sputnik - 1, ``Elementary Satellite 1 '') was the first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957, orbiting for three weeks before its batteries died, then silently for two more months before falling back into the atmosphere. It was a 58 cm (23 in) diameter polished metal sphere, with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses. Its radio signal was easily detectable even by radio amateurs, and the 65 ° inclination and duration of its orbit made its flight path cover virtually the entire inhabited Earth. This surprise success precipitated the American Sputnik crisis and triggered the Space Race, a part of the Cold War. The launch ushered in new political, military, technological, and scientific developments.", "title": "Sputnik 1" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as Earth's Moon.", "title": "Satellite" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "OPS 5111 was launched at 23:44 UTC on 22 February 1978, atop an Atlas E/F carrier rocket with an SGS-1 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 64F, and was originally built as an Atlas F. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3E at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 5111 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor.", "title": "OPS 5111" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hot Bird 13C, formerly Hot Bird 9, is a communications satellite operated by Eutelsat, launched 20 December 2008 aboard an Ariane 5ECA carrier rocket along with the Eutelsat W2M spacecraft. It was built by EADS Astrium, based on a Eurostar E3000 satellite bus. It was positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 13°E. After in-orbit testing it will provide communications services to Asia, Europe, Americas, North Africa and the Middle East, with 64 NATO J-band (IEEE K band) transponders.", "title": "Hot Bird 13C" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000", "title": "List of European countries by area" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-132 was launched at 03:43:01 UTC on 23 July 1997, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D245, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-132 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37FM apogee motor.", "title": "USA-132" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Naina Yeltsina was rarely seen in public. She accompanied her husband on some of his foreign visits, including 1997 visits to Sweden, Finland, and a 1999 visit to China. As a rule, Naina Yeltsina never interfered in her husband's political work. However, in the 1996 election campaign, she met with voters and gave interviews to the media. A major public appearance was the state funeral of her late husband in Moscow in April 2007.", "title": "Naina Yeltsina" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. This ensured that Yeltsin would be the political leader of the Russian successor state following dissolution. This situation resulted in political turmoil as the Soviet and Russian leadership wrestled for control, which culminated in the 1991 August Putsch, where the Soviet military attempted to overthrow Gorbachev. Although the coup was ultimately averted, this situation contributed to rising instability in the Soviet Union. By October 1991, as the USSR was on the verge of collapse, Yeltsin announced that Russia would proceed with radical reforms, including market - oriented reform along the lines of Poland's ``big bang '', also known as`` shock therapy''.", "title": "History of Russia (1991–present)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth - largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary). Following Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is second - densest satellite among those whose densities are known.", "title": "Moon" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USA-49 was launched at 18:10:01 UTC on 11 December 1989, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D190, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-49 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor.", "title": "USA-49" } ]	What is the death city of the leader of the largest country in Europe by square miles after the collapse of the country building the first satellite to orbit earth?	Moscow	[]	Title: USA-42 Passage: USA-42 was launched at 05:57:59 UTC on 18 August 1989, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D186, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-42 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor. Title: Naina Yeltsina Passage: Naina Yeltsina was rarely seen in public. She accompanied her husband on some of his foreign visits, including 1997 visits to Sweden, Finland, and a 1999 visit to China. As a rule, Naina Yeltsina never interfered in her husband's political work. However, in the 1996 election campaign, she met with voters and gave interviews to the media. A major public appearance was the state funeral of her late husband in Moscow in April 2007. Title: OPS 9794 Passage: OPS 9794 was launched at 10:21 UTC on 14 July 1983, atop an Atlas E/F carrier rocket with an SGS-2 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 75E, and was originally built as an Atlas E. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3W at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 9794 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor. Title: Israel Passage: The Israeli Space Agency coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals. In 2012 Israel was ranked ninth in the world by the Futron's Space Competitiveness Index. Israel is one of only seven countries that both build their own satellites and launch their own launchers. The Shavit is a space launch vehicle produced by Israel to launch small satellites into low earth orbit. It was first launched in 1988, making Israel the eighth nation to have a space launch capability. Shavit rockets are launched from the spaceport at the Palmachim Airbase by the Israeli Space Agency. Since 1988 Israel Aerospace Industries have indigenously designed and built at least 13 commercial, research and spy satellites. Some of Israel's satellites are ranked among the world's most advanced space systems. In 2003, Ilan Ramon became Israel's first astronaut, serving as payload specialist of STS-107, the fatal mission of the Space Shuttle Columbia. Title: USA-64 Passage: USA-64 was launched at 21:56:00 UTC on 1 October 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D199, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-64 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor. Title: USA-63 Passage: USA-63 was launched at 05:39:00 UTC on 2 August 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D197, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-63 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor. Title: Satellite Passage: In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as Earth's Moon. Title: Sputnik 1 Passage: Sputnik 1 (/ ˈspʊtnɪk / or / ˈspʌtnɪk /; ``Satellite - 1 '', or`` PS - 1'', Простейший Спутник - 1 or Prosteyshiy Sputnik - 1, ``Elementary Satellite 1 '') was the first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957, orbiting for three weeks before its batteries died, then silently for two more months before falling back into the atmosphere. It was a 58 cm (23 in) diameter polished metal sphere, with four external radio antennas to broadcast radio pulses. Its radio signal was easily detectable even by radio amateurs, and the 65 ° inclination and duration of its orbit made its flight path cover virtually the entire inhabited Earth. This surprise success precipitated the American Sputnik crisis and triggered the Space Race, a part of the Cold War. The launch ushered in new political, military, technological, and scientific developments. Title: History of Russia (1991–present) Passage: Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. This ensured that Yeltsin would be the political leader of the Russian successor state following dissolution. This situation resulted in political turmoil as the Soviet and Russian leadership wrestled for control, which culminated in the 1991 August Putsch, where the Soviet military attempted to overthrow Gorbachev. Although the coup was ultimately averted, this situation contributed to rising instability in the Soviet Union. By October 1991, as the USSR was on the verge of collapse, Yeltsin announced that Russia would proceed with radical reforms, including market - oriented reform along the lines of Poland's ``big bang '', also known as`` shock therapy''. Title: OPS 5111 Passage: OPS 5111 was launched at 23:44 UTC on 22 February 1978, atop an Atlas E/F carrier rocket with an SGS-1 upper stage. The Atlas used had the serial number 64F, and was originally built as an Atlas F. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 3E at Vandenberg Air Force Base, and placed OPS 5111 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-27 apogee motor. Title: USA-54 Passage: USA-54 was launched at 02:45:01 UTC on 26 March 1990, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D193, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-54 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor. Title: USA-38 Passage: USA-38 was launched at 22:19 UTC on 10 June 1989, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D185, flying in the 6925 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-38 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37XFP apogee motor. Title: List of European countries by area Passage: Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000 Title: Hot Bird 13C Passage: Hot Bird 13C, formerly Hot Bird 9, is a communications satellite operated by Eutelsat, launched 20 December 2008 aboard an Ariane 5ECA carrier rocket along with the Eutelsat W2M spacecraft. It was built by EADS Astrium, based on a Eurostar E3000 satellite bus. It was positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 13°E. After in-orbit testing it will provide communications services to Asia, Europe, Americas, North Africa and the Middle East, with 64 NATO J-band (IEEE K band) transponders. Title: USA-132 Passage: USA-132 was launched at 03:43:01 UTC on 23 July 1997, atop a Delta II carrier rocket, flight number D245, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration. The launch took place from Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-132 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star-37FM apogee motor. Title: Apparent retrograde motion Passage: In Earth's sky, the Sun, Moon, and stars appear to move from east to west because of the rotation of Earth (so - called diurnal motion). However, orbiters such as the Space Shuttle and many artificial satellites appear to move from west to east. These are direct satellites (they actually orbit Earth in the same direction as the Moon), but they orbit Earth faster than Earth itself rotates, and so appear to move in the opposite direction of the Moon. Mars has a natural satellite Phobos, with a similar orbit. From the surface of Mars it appears to move in the opposite direction because its orbital period is less than a Martian day. There are also smaller numbers of truly retrograde artificial satellites orbiting Earth which counter-intuitively appear to move westward, in the same direction as the Moon. Title: STARS-II Passage: Space Tethered Autonomous Robotic Satellite II or STARS-II, was a nanosatellite built by Japan's Kagawa University to test an electrodynamic tether in low Earth orbit, a follow-on to the STARS mission.	[ "Sputnik 1", "List of European countries by area", "Naina Yeltsina", "History of Russia (1991–present)" ]
2hop__446834_377891	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Korea University Museum (고려대학교박물관), commonly called The University Museum, is a history, archaeology, and art museum that is part of the Korea University in Seoul, South Korea", "title": "Korea University Museum" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Raleigh many tourists visit the Capital, African American Cultural Complex, Contemporary Art Museum of Raleigh, Gregg Museum of Art & Design at NCSU, Haywood Hall House & Gardens, Marbles Kids Museum, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of History, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Raleigh City Museum, J. C. Raulston Arboretum, Joel Lane House, Mordecai House, Montfort Hall, and the Pope House Museum. The Carolina Hurricanes NHL hockey team is also located in the city.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He was born in Seville and played for Sevilla FC from 1924 to 1936, and also had three caps for Spain from 1935 to 1936. He was later the manager of the Spain national football team from 1948 to 1956, and led the team in the 1950 FIFA World Cup.", "title": "Guillermo Eizaguirre" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Stamford Museum & Nature Center, located in Stamford, Connecticut, is an art, history, nature, and agricultural sciences museum. The property covers 118 acres (ca. 48 hectares) beginning about half a mile north of the Merritt Parkway. It was originally a private estate.", "title": "Stamford Museum & Nature Center" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old.", "title": "Corning Museum of Glass" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Museum of Natural History (, \"Natsionalen prirodonauchen muzey\"; abbreviated НПМ, NMNHS) of Bulgaria is a natural history museum located in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, on \"Tzar Osvoboditel\" Str., next to the Russian church. Founded in 1889, it is affiliated with the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, and is the first and largest museum of this kind in the Balkans.", "title": "National Museum of Natural History, Bulgaria" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Shape of Water Theatrical release poster Directed by Guillermo del Toro Produced by Guillermo del Toro J. Miles Dale Screenplay by Guillermo del Toro Vanessa Taylor Story by Guillermo del Toro Starring Sally Hawkins Michael Shannon Richard Jenkins Doug Jones Michael Stuhlbarg Octavia Spencer Music by Alexandre Desplat Cinematography Dan Laustsen Edited by Sidney Wolinsky Production companies TSG Entertainment Double Dare You Productions Distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures Release date August 31, 2017 (2017 - 08 - 31) (Venice) December 1, 2017 (2017 - 12 - 01) (United States) Running time 123 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $19.5 million Box office $192.9 million", "title": "The Shape of Water" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lap Engine is a beam engine designed by James Watt, built by Boulton and Watt in 1788. It is now preserved at the Science Museum, London.", "title": "Lap Engine" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum () is a natural history and science museum in downtown Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 225 Frontenac Street in downtown Sherbrooke.", "title": "Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology (often referred to as the MoST) is a science and technology museum located in the Armory Square neighborhood of Downtown Syracuse, New York. The Museum includes 35,000 square feet of exhibits, Science Shop, the only domed IMAX theater in New York State, and a planetarium. The MOST is located in the former Syracuse Armory.", "title": "Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Science Museum of Virginia is a science museum located in Richmond, Virginia. Established in 1970, it is an agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is housed in the former Broad Street Station, built in 1917.", "title": "Science Museum of Virginia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Along with a museum, the building houses the Andalusian headquarters of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). CSIC is the largest public institution devoted to research in Spain, and the third largest in Europe. The building was opened to the public in 2008, with the goal of sharing knowledge acquired through scientific research. La Casa de la Ciencia aims to be a bridge between the scientific research community and the public, sharing contemporary scientific research and information on environmental issues.", "title": "La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several art museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. The Institute of Contemporary Art is housed in a contemporary building designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro in the Seaport District. The University of Massachusetts Boston campus on Columbia Point houses the John F. Kennedy Library. The Boston Athenaeum (one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States), Boston Children's Museum, Bull & Finch Pub (whose building is known from the television show Cheers), Museum of Science, and the New England Aquarium are within the city.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency Ciência Viva, a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science opened in 1999 and houses an art gallery, concert hall, large-format theater, and science museum in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States.", "title": "Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay. In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent. The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico.", "title": "Montevideo" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Idaho Museum of Natural History (IMNH) is the official state natural history museum of Idaho, located on the campus of Idaho State University (ISU) in Pocatello. Founded in 1934, it has collections in anthropology, vertebrate paleontology, earth science, and the life sciences. Additionally, it contains an archive of documents and ethnographic photographs.", "title": "Idaho Museum of Natural History" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Torso of Venus and a Landscape is a sketch by Post-Impressionist artist Vincent van Gogh. It now resides in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam.", "title": "Torso of Venus and a Landscape" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The California Academy of Sciences is a natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 26 million specimens. The Academy began in 1853 as a learned society and still carries out a large amount of original research, with exhibits and education becoming significant endeavors of the museum during the 20th century.", "title": "California Academy of Sciences" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Brazos Valley Museum of Natural History is a science, nature and cultural history museum in Bryan, Texas, United States. The museum also maintains memberships in American Alliance of Museums, Natural Science Collections Alliance, and the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections.", "title": "Brazos Valley Museum of Natural History" } ]	What is the science museum in the city where Guillermo Eizaguirre lives part of?	Spanish National Research Council	[ "CSIC" ]	Title: Guillermo Eizaguirre Passage: He was born in Seville and played for Sevilla FC from 1924 to 1936, and also had three caps for Spain from 1935 to 1936. He was later the manager of the Spain national football team from 1948 to 1956, and led the team in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. Title: The Shape of Water Passage: The Shape of Water Theatrical release poster Directed by Guillermo del Toro Produced by Guillermo del Toro J. Miles Dale Screenplay by Guillermo del Toro Vanessa Taylor Story by Guillermo del Toro Starring Sally Hawkins Michael Shannon Richard Jenkins Doug Jones Michael Stuhlbarg Octavia Spencer Music by Alexandre Desplat Cinematography Dan Laustsen Edited by Sidney Wolinsky Production companies TSG Entertainment Double Dare You Productions Distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures Release date August 31, 2017 (2017 - 08 - 31) (Venice) December 1, 2017 (2017 - 12 - 01) (United States) Running time 123 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $19.5 million Box office $192.9 million Title: Stamford Museum & Nature Center Passage: The Stamford Museum & Nature Center, located in Stamford, Connecticut, is an art, history, nature, and agricultural sciences museum. The property covers 118 acres (ca. 48 hectares) beginning about half a mile north of the Merritt Parkway. It was originally a private estate. Title: Korea University Museum Passage: Korea University Museum (고려대학교박물관), commonly called The University Museum, is a history, archaeology, and art museum that is part of the Korea University in Seoul, South Korea Title: Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science Passage: The Washington Pavilion of Arts and Science opened in 1999 and houses an art gallery, concert hall, large-format theater, and science museum in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States. Title: California Academy of Sciences Passage: The California Academy of Sciences is a natural history museum in San Francisco, California, that is among the largest museums of natural history in the world, housing over 26 million specimens. The Academy began in 1853 as a learned society and still carries out a large amount of original research, with exhibits and education becoming significant endeavors of the museum during the 20th century. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency Ciência Viva, a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium. Title: Torso of Venus and a Landscape Passage: Torso of Venus and a Landscape is a sketch by Post-Impressionist artist Vincent van Gogh. It now resides in the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Title: Corning Museum of Glass Passage: The Corning Museum of Glass is a museum in Corning, New York dedicated to the art, history and science of glass. It was founded in 1951 by Corning Glass Works and currently has a collection of more than 50,000 glass objects, some over 3,500 years old. Title: Lap Engine Passage: The Lap Engine is a beam engine designed by James Watt, built by Boulton and Watt in 1788. It is now preserved at the Science Museum, London. Title: North Carolina Passage: In Raleigh many tourists visit the Capital, African American Cultural Complex, Contemporary Art Museum of Raleigh, Gregg Museum of Art & Design at NCSU, Haywood Hall House & Gardens, Marbles Kids Museum, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of History, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Raleigh City Museum, J. C. Raulston Arboretum, Joel Lane House, Mordecai House, Montfort Hall, and the Pope House Museum. The Carolina Hurricanes NHL hockey team is also located in the city. Title: Boston Passage: Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several art museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. The Institute of Contemporary Art is housed in a contemporary building designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro in the Seaport District. The University of Massachusetts Boston campus on Columbia Point houses the John F. Kennedy Library. The Boston Athenaeum (one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States), Boston Children's Museum, Bull & Finch Pub (whose building is known from the television show Cheers), Museum of Science, and the New England Aquarium are within the city. Title: National Museum of Natural History, Bulgaria Passage: The National Museum of Natural History (, "Natsionalen prirodonauchen muzey"; abbreviated НПМ, NMNHS) of Bulgaria is a natural history museum located in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, on "Tzar Osvoboditel" Str., next to the Russian church. Founded in 1889, it is affiliated with the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, and is the first and largest museum of this kind in the Balkans. Title: La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum Passage: Along with a museum, the building houses the Andalusian headquarters of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). CSIC is the largest public institution devoted to research in Spain, and the third largest in Europe. The building was opened to the public in 2008, with the goal of sharing knowledge acquired through scientific research. La Casa de la Ciencia aims to be a bridge between the scientific research community and the public, sharing contemporary scientific research and information on environmental issues. Title: Montevideo Passage: The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay. In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent. The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico. Title: Idaho Museum of Natural History Passage: The Idaho Museum of Natural History (IMNH) is the official state natural history museum of Idaho, located on the campus of Idaho State University (ISU) in Pocatello. Founded in 1934, it has collections in anthropology, vertebrate paleontology, earth science, and the life sciences. Additionally, it contains an archive of documents and ethnographic photographs. Title: Brazos Valley Museum of Natural History Passage: The Brazos Valley Museum of Natural History is a science, nature and cultural history museum in Bryan, Texas, United States. The museum also maintains memberships in American Alliance of Museums, Natural Science Collections Alliance, and the Society for the Preservation of Natural History Collections.	[ "Guillermo Eizaguirre", "La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum" ]
4hop3__146657_858588_68869_274317	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Longyear Building is a commercial structure located at 210 North Front Street in Marquette, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.", "title": "Longyear Building" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Peach County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Peach County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Orange County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map. These historic sites reflect the region's Native American, Spanish and Mexican ethnic heritage. They include historic mansions from the eras of wealth created by citrus farming and oil discovery and reflect political leadership and scientific achievements, as well as other themes.", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, California" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and historic districts in Roane County, Tennessee, United States, that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Roane County, Tennessee" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Evans County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Evans County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Banks County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Banks County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Inlow Hall, the administration building at Eastern Oregon University in La Grande, Oregon, United States, was built in 1929. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Administration Building in 1980.", "title": "Inlow Hall (Eastern Oregon University)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Clarke County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Clarke County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Frederick Torgler Building is a building located in north Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Frederick Torgler Building" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The film was made in California during the summer and autumn of 1958. Many scenes were shot at the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego which appeared as the ``Seminole Ritz Hotel ''in Miami in the film. The Hotel in San Diego fitted into the era of the 1920s and was near Hollywood, so Wilder chose it although it was not in Florida.", "title": "Some Like It Hot" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Warren Foster died on December 13, 1971 in San Clemente, California. His burial is located at El Toro Memorial Park in Lake Forest, California.", "title": "Warren Foster" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is intended to be a complete list of the properties on the National Register of Historic Places in Warren County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties; these locations may be seen together in a map.", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Red Maple Farm, listed on list on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and National Register of Historic Places as Gulick House in 1979, is a historic house and bed and breakfast in the Monmouth Junction section of South Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States.", "title": "Red Maple Farm" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blennerhassett Hotel is a historic hotel located at Parkersburg, Wood County, West Virginia. It opened in 1889 and is in the Queen Anne style. The hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. A full restoration took place in 1986. The Blennerhassett Hotel is also a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. (The hotel website states that the property is \"registered as a national historic landmark\". This is undoubtedly a mistake for it being placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Only about three percent of Register listings are NHLs.)", "title": "Blennerhassett Hotel" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The J. C. Carly House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is a historic home located in Curtis Park, Sacramento, California.", "title": "J. C. Carly House" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Miller County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Miller County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration.", "title": "Monona County Courthouse" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Fannin County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Fannin County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "La Casa Pacifica (Spanish for \"The Pacific House\"; translated also as \"The House of Peace\") is a classic California beachfront mansion located in the gated community of Cottons Point Estates/Cypress Shores in the casual South Orange County beach town of San Clemente, California, and overlooks the Pacific Ocean from its blufftop position. This estate is also known as President Richard Nixon's Western White House, used while living and working outside of the official presidential residence, the White House in Washington D.C.", "title": "La Casa Pacifica" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of properties and districts in Charlton County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).", "title": "National Register of Historic Places listings in Charlton County, Georgia" } ]	National Register of Historic Places listings in the county of the death place of Warren Foster in the US state filming some like it hot is in what country?	America	[ "United States", "US" ]	Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Clarke County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Clarke County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, California Passage: This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Orange County, California, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a Google map. These historic sites reflect the region's Native American, Spanish and Mexican ethnic heritage. They include historic mansions from the eras of wealth created by citrus farming and oil discovery and reflect political leadership and scientific achievements, as well as other themes. Title: Blennerhassett Hotel Passage: Blennerhassett Hotel is a historic hotel located at Parkersburg, Wood County, West Virginia. It opened in 1889 and is in the Queen Anne style. The hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. A full restoration took place in 1986. The Blennerhassett Hotel is also a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. (The hotel website states that the property is "registered as a national historic landmark". This is undoubtedly a mistake for it being placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Only about three percent of Register listings are NHLs.) Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Evans County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Evans County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: Red Maple Farm Passage: Red Maple Farm, listed on list on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and National Register of Historic Places as Gulick House in 1979, is a historic house and bed and breakfast in the Monmouth Junction section of South Brunswick in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. Title: Longyear Building Passage: The Longyear Building is a commercial structure located at 210 North Front Street in Marquette, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, Indiana Passage: This is intended to be a complete list of the properties on the National Register of Historic Places in Warren County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties; these locations may be seen together in a map. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Roane County, Tennessee Passage: This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and historic districts in Roane County, Tennessee, United States, that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Charlton County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Charlton County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: La Casa Pacifica Passage: La Casa Pacifica (Spanish for "The Pacific House"; translated also as "The House of Peace") is a classic California beachfront mansion located in the gated community of Cottons Point Estates/Cypress Shores in the casual South Orange County beach town of San Clemente, California, and overlooks the Pacific Ocean from its blufftop position. This estate is also known as President Richard Nixon's Western White House, used while living and working outside of the official presidential residence, the White House in Washington D.C. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Peach County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Peach County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: Some Like It Hot Passage: The film was made in California during the summer and autumn of 1958. Many scenes were shot at the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego which appeared as the ``Seminole Ritz Hotel ''in Miami in the film. The Hotel in San Diego fitted into the era of the 1920s and was near Hollywood, so Wilder chose it although it was not in Florida. Title: Frederick Torgler Building Passage: The Frederick Torgler Building is a building located in north Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: National Register of Historic Places listings in Fannin County, Georgia Passage: This is a list of properties and districts in Fannin County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Title: Warren Foster Passage: Warren Foster died on December 13, 1971 in San Clemente, California. His burial is located at El Toro Memorial Park in Lake Forest, California. Title: Inlow Hall (Eastern Oregon University) Passage: Inlow Hall, the administration building at Eastern Oregon University in La Grande, Oregon, United States, was built in 1929. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Administration Building in 1980. Title: J. C. Carly House Passage: The J. C. Carly House, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, is a historic home located in Curtis Park, Sacramento, California.	[ "National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, California", "Some Like It Hot", "Warren Foster", "La Casa Pacifica" ]
2hop__104304_44191	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A great cataclysm ends the Thurian Age some time after the Kull stories. Several countries sink into the sea, others rise from it, and the rest is devastated by earthquakes and volcanoes. Civilization is destroyed and the survivors attempt to build a new culture but warfare and a Lesser Cataclysm strike, creating the Hyborian \"Vilayet Sea\" and destroying any last remnants of Thurian society.", "title": "Thurian Age" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Official figures (as of July 21, 2008 12:00 CST) stated that 69,197 were confirmed dead, including 68,636 in Sichuan province, and 374,176 injured, with 18,222 listed as missing. The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million. Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area. It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed at least 240,000 people, and the strongest in the country since the 1950 Chayu earthquake, which registered at 8.5 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time. On November 6, 2008, the central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion RMB (about US $146.5 billion) over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake, as part of the Chinese economic stimulus program.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rank Artist Total streams (billions) Country 1. Francesca Michielin 17.1 ITA 2. Justin Bieber 11 CAN As of July 27, 2018", "title": "List of most-streamed artists on Spotify" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sister Ita Ford, M.M. (April 23, 1940 – December 2, 1980) was an American Roman Catholic Maryknoll Sister who served as a missionary in Bolivia, Chile and El Salvador. She worked with the poor and war refugees. On December 2, 1980, she was beaten, raped, and murdered along with three fellow missionaries — Dorothy Kazel, Maura Clarke and Jean Donovan — by members of the military of El Salvador.", "title": "Ita Ford" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mausoleum was approximately 45 m (148 ft) in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors -- Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros and Timotheus. The finished structure of the mausoleum was considered to be such an aesthetic triumph that Antipater of Sidon identified it as one of his Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was destroyed by successive earthquakes from the 12th to the 15th century, the last surviving of the six destroyed wonders.", "title": "Mausoleum at Halicarnassus" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A series of large tsunamis up to 30 metres (100 ft) high were created by the earthquake that became known collectively as the Boxing Day tsunamis. These tsunamis flooded communities along the coasts of the Indian Ocean and killed an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries; the Indonesian city of Banda Aceh reported the largest number of victims. The earthquake was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history and the deadliest of the 21st century. Indonesia was the hardest - hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.", "title": "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1983 Biga earthquake hit northwestern Turkey on 5 July 1983. Responsible for five deaths and approximately twenty-six casualties throughout Biga and Erdek and damage in Istanbul, the earthquake measured 6.1 on the surface wave magnitude scale. It shook places as far away as eastern Greece. The United States Geological Survey listed the earthquake among the \"Significant Earthquakes of the World\" for 1983.", "title": "1983 Biga earthquake" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to a study by the China Earthquake Administration (CEA), the earthquake occurred along the Longmenshan fault, a thrust structure along the border of the Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate. Seismic activities concentrated on its mid-fracture (known as Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture). The rupture lasted close to 120 sec, with the majority of energy released in the first 80 sec. Starting from Wenchuan, the rupture propagated at an average speed of 3.1 kilometers per second 49° toward north east, rupturing a total of about 300 km. Maximum displacement amounted to 9 meters. The focus was deeper than 10 km.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ford made offers to Jaguar's US and UK shareholders to buy their shares in November 1989; Jaguar's listing on the London Stock Exchange was removed on 28 February 1990. In 1999 it became part of Ford's new Premier Automotive Group along with Aston Martin, Volvo Cars and, from 2000, Land Rover. Under Ford's ownership, Jaguar never made a profit.Under Ford's ownership Jaguar expanded its range of products with the launch of the S-Type in 1999 and X-type in 2001. After PAG acquired Land Rover in May 2000 purchase by Ford, the brand became closely associated with Jaguar. In many countries they shared a common sales and distribution network (including shared dealerships), and some models shared components, although the only shared production facility was Halewood Body & Assembly – which manufactured the technically related X-Type and the Freelander 2. Operationally the two companies were effectively integrated under a common management structure within Ford's PAG.", "title": "Jaguar Cars" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: \"Great Wenchuan earthquake\"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghai—1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) away—where office buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Pichilemu earthquake (), also known as the Libertador O'Higgins earthquake, was a 6.9 M intraplate earthquake that struck Chile's O'Higgins Region on 11 March 2010. The earthquake was centred northwest of the city of Pichilemu.", "title": "2010 Pichilemu earthquake" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "2001 El Salvador earthquake 200102130000 2001 - 02 - 13 13 ° 40 ′ N 88 ° 56 ′ W / 13.67 ° N 88.93 ° W / 13.67; - 88.93 Cojutepeque 6.6 VI 10 km Intensity VI in San Salvador. 315", "title": "List of earthquakes in El Salvador" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Japanese seismologist Yuji Yagi at the University of Tsukuba said that the earthquake occurred in two stages: \"The 155-mile Longmenshan Fault tore in two sections, the first one ripping about seven yards, followed by a second one that sheared four yards.\" His data also showed that the earthquake lasted about two minutes and released 30 times the energy of the Great Hanshin earthquake of 1995 in Japan, which killed over 6,000 people. He pointed out that the shallowness of the epicenter and the density of population greatly increased the severity of the earthquake. Teruyuki Kato, a seismologist at the University of Tokyo, said that the seismic waves of the quake traveled a long distance without losing their power because of the firmness of the terrain in central China. According to reports from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, the earthquake tremors lasted for \"about two or three minutes\".", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However, Reuters reported in June that, to date, Chinese prosecutors have joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's devastating earthquake to gain first-hand material of construction quality at the collapsed schools, launch preliminary inquiries and prepare for possible investigations into professional crime. It was also reported that safety checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the BBC rejected Sesame Street, the Independent Television Authority (ITA) considered giving it a network slot on ITV, after concluding that further research was needed. In March and April 1971, HTV broadcast a three - week weekday test run; the series was received favourably, but the ITA concluded the more testing would be required. They passed the enquiry to The Authority Schools Committee, who authorised LWT, Grampian Television and HTV to broadcast another test run of Sesame Street, under the understanding that its permission ``should not be construed as educational endorsement of Sesame Street for British children ''. HTV's second trial ran in December 1971 for a three - week daily run, and LWT and Grampian broadcast it for thirteen weeks on Saturday mornings from September to December 1971.", "title": "Sesame Street in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Delhi lies on several fault lines and thus experiences frequent earthquakes, most of them of mild intensity. There has, however, been a spike in the number of earthquakes in the last six years, most notable being a 5.4 magnitude earthquake in 2015 with its epicentre in Nepal, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake on 25 November 2007, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake on 7 September 2011, a 5.2-magnitude earthquake on 5 March 2012, and a swarm of twelve earthquakes, including four of magnitudes 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3, on 12 November 2013.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ford Consul Classic is a mid-sized car that was launched in May 1961 and built by Ford UK from 1961 to 1963. It was available in two or four door saloon form, in Standard or De Luxe versions, and with floor or column gearshift. The name Ford Consul 315 was used for export markets. The Ford Consul Capri was a 2-door coupé version of the Classic, and was available from 1961 until 1964.", "title": "Ford Consul Classic" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Florida is tied for last place (with North Dakota) as having the fewest earthquakes of any US state. Because Florida is not located near any tectonic plate boundaries, earthquakes are very rare, but not totally unknown. In January, 1879, a shock occurred near St. Augustine. There were reports of heavy shaking that knocked plaster from walls and articles from shelves. Similar effects were noted at Daytona Beach 50 miles (80 km) south. The tremor was felt as far south as Tampa and as far north as Savannah, Georgia. In January 1880, Cuba was the center of two strong earthquakes that sent severe shock waves through the city of Key West, Florida. (See List of earthquakes in Cuba) Another earthquake centered outside Florida was the 1886 Charleston earthquake. The shock was felt throughout northern Florida, ringing church bells at St. Augustine and severely jolting other towns along that section of Florida's east coast. Jacksonville residents felt many of the strong aftershocks that occurred in September, October, and November 1886. As recently as 2006, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake centered about 260 miles (420 km) southwest of Tampa in the Gulf of Mexico sent shock waves through southwest and central Florida. The earthquake was too small to trigger a tsunami and no damage was reported.", "title": "Geography of Florida" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The earthquake was the worst to strike the Sichuan area in over 30 years. Following the quake, experts and the general public sought information on whether or not the earthquake could have been predicted in advance, and whether or not studying statistics related to the quake could result in better prediction of earthquakes in the future. Earthquake prediction is not yet established science; there was no consensus within the scientific community that earthquake \"prediction\" is possible.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The doctrine of the last day and eschatology (the final fate of the universe) may be reckoned as the second great doctrine of the Quran. It is estimated that approximately one-third of the Quran is eschatological, dealing with the afterlife in the next world and with the day of judgment at the end of time. There is a reference to the afterlife on most pages of the Quran and belief in the afterlife is often referred to in conjunction with belief in God as in the common expression: \"Believe in God and the last day\". A number of suras such as 44, 56, 75, 78, 81 and 101 are directly related to the afterlife and its preparations. Some suras indicate the closeness of the event and warn people to be prepared for the imminent day. For instance, the first verses of Sura 22, which deal with the mighty earthquake and the situations of people on that day, represent this style of divine address: \"O People! Be respectful to your Lord. The earthquake of the Hour is a mighty thing.\"", "title": "Quran" } ]	When was the last earthquake in Ita Ford's origin country?	2001 - 02 - 13	[]	Title: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Passage: A series of large tsunamis up to 30 metres (100 ft) high were created by the earthquake that became known collectively as the Boxing Day tsunamis. These tsunamis flooded communities along the coasts of the Indian Ocean and killed an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries; the Indonesian city of Banda Aceh reported the largest number of victims. The earthquake was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history and the deadliest of the 21st century. Indonesia was the hardest - hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: The earthquake was the worst to strike the Sichuan area in over 30 years. Following the quake, experts and the general public sought information on whether or not the earthquake could have been predicted in advance, and whether or not studying statistics related to the quake could result in better prediction of earthquakes in the future. Earthquake prediction is not yet established science; there was no consensus within the scientific community that earthquake "prediction" is possible. Title: Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Passage: The Mausoleum was approximately 45 m (148 ft) in height, and the four sides were adorned with sculptural reliefs, each created by one of four Greek sculptors -- Leochares, Bryaxis, Scopas of Paros and Timotheus. The finished structure of the mausoleum was considered to be such an aesthetic triumph that Antipater of Sidon identified it as one of his Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It was destroyed by successive earthquakes from the 12th to the 15th century, the last surviving of the six destroyed wonders. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: It is also known as the Wenchuan earthquake (Chinese: 汶川大地震; pinyin: Wènchuān dà dìzhèn; literally: "Great Wenchuan earthquake"), after the location of the earthquake's epicenter, Wenchuan County, Sichuan. The epicenter was 80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest of Chengdu, the provincial capital, with a focal depth of 19 km (12 mi). The earthquake was also felt in nearby countries and as far away as both Beijing and Shanghai—1,500 km (930 mi) and 1,700 km (1,060 mi) away—where office buildings swayed with the tremor. Strong aftershocks, some exceeding magnitude 6, continued to hit the area even months after the main quake, causing new casualties and damage. Title: Ford Consul Classic Passage: The Ford Consul Classic is a mid-sized car that was launched in May 1961 and built by Ford UK from 1961 to 1963. It was available in two or four door saloon form, in Standard or De Luxe versions, and with floor or column gearshift. The name Ford Consul 315 was used for export markets. The Ford Consul Capri was a 2-door coupé version of the Classic, and was available from 1961 until 1964. Title: Ita Ford Passage: Sister Ita Ford, M.M. (April 23, 1940 – December 2, 1980) was an American Roman Catholic Maryknoll Sister who served as a missionary in Bolivia, Chile and El Salvador. She worked with the poor and war refugees. On December 2, 1980, she was beaten, raped, and murdered along with three fellow missionaries — Dorothy Kazel, Maura Clarke and Jean Donovan — by members of the military of El Salvador. Title: 1983 Biga earthquake Passage: The 1983 Biga earthquake hit northwestern Turkey on 5 July 1983. Responsible for five deaths and approximately twenty-six casualties throughout Biga and Erdek and damage in Istanbul, the earthquake measured 6.1 on the surface wave magnitude scale. It shook places as far away as eastern Greece. The United States Geological Survey listed the earthquake among the "Significant Earthquakes of the World" for 1983. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: Official figures (as of July 21, 2008 12:00 CST) stated that 69,197 were confirmed dead, including 68,636 in Sichuan province, and 374,176 injured, with 18,222 listed as missing. The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million. Approximately 15 million people lived in the affected area. It was the deadliest earthquake to hit China since the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed at least 240,000 people, and the strongest in the country since the 1950 Chayu earthquake, which registered at 8.5 on the Richter magnitude scale. It is the 21st deadliest earthquake of all time. On November 6, 2008, the central government announced that it would spend 1 trillion RMB (about US $146.5 billion) over the next three years to rebuild areas ravaged by the earthquake, as part of the Chinese economic stimulus program. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: However, Reuters reported in June that, to date, Chinese prosecutors have joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's devastating earthquake to gain first-hand material of construction quality at the collapsed schools, launch preliminary inquiries and prepare for possible investigations into professional crime. It was also reported that safety checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi lies on several fault lines and thus experiences frequent earthquakes, most of them of mild intensity. There has, however, been a spike in the number of earthquakes in the last six years, most notable being a 5.4 magnitude earthquake in 2015 with its epicentre in Nepal, a 4.7-magnitude earthquake on 25 November 2007, a 4.2-magnitude earthquake on 7 September 2011, a 5.2-magnitude earthquake on 5 March 2012, and a swarm of twelve earthquakes, including four of magnitudes 2.5, 2.8, 3.1, and 3.3, on 12 November 2013. Title: Sesame Street in the United Kingdom Passage: After the BBC rejected Sesame Street, the Independent Television Authority (ITA) considered giving it a network slot on ITV, after concluding that further research was needed. In March and April 1971, HTV broadcast a three - week weekday test run; the series was received favourably, but the ITA concluded the more testing would be required. They passed the enquiry to The Authority Schools Committee, who authorised LWT, Grampian Television and HTV to broadcast another test run of Sesame Street, under the understanding that its permission ``should not be construed as educational endorsement of Sesame Street for British children ''. HTV's second trial ran in December 1971 for a three - week daily run, and LWT and Grampian broadcast it for thirteen weeks on Saturday mornings from September to December 1971. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: According to a study by the China Earthquake Administration (CEA), the earthquake occurred along the Longmenshan fault, a thrust structure along the border of the Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate. Seismic activities concentrated on its mid-fracture (known as Yingxiu-Beichuan fracture). The rupture lasted close to 120 sec, with the majority of energy released in the first 80 sec. Starting from Wenchuan, the rupture propagated at an average speed of 3.1 kilometers per second 49° toward north east, rupturing a total of about 300 km. Maximum displacement amounted to 9 meters. The focus was deeper than 10 km. Title: Quran Passage: The doctrine of the last day and eschatology (the final fate of the universe) may be reckoned as the second great doctrine of the Quran. It is estimated that approximately one-third of the Quran is eschatological, dealing with the afterlife in the next world and with the day of judgment at the end of time. There is a reference to the afterlife on most pages of the Quran and belief in the afterlife is often referred to in conjunction with belief in God as in the common expression: "Believe in God and the last day". A number of suras such as 44, 56, 75, 78, 81 and 101 are directly related to the afterlife and its preparations. Some suras indicate the closeness of the event and warn people to be prepared for the imminent day. For instance, the first verses of Sura 22, which deal with the mighty earthquake and the situations of people on that day, represent this style of divine address: "O People! Be respectful to your Lord. The earthquake of the Hour is a mighty thing." Title: List of earthquakes in El Salvador Passage: 2001 El Salvador earthquake 200102130000 2001 - 02 - 13 13 ° 40 ′ N 88 ° 56 ′ W / 13.67 ° N 88.93 ° W / 13.67; - 88.93 Cojutepeque 6.6 VI 10 km Intensity VI in San Salvador. 315 Title: List of most-streamed artists on Spotify Passage: Rank Artist Total streams (billions) Country 1. Francesca Michielin 17.1 ITA 2. Justin Bieber 11 CAN As of July 27, 2018 Title: Jaguar Cars Passage: Ford made offers to Jaguar's US and UK shareholders to buy their shares in November 1989; Jaguar's listing on the London Stock Exchange was removed on 28 February 1990. In 1999 it became part of Ford's new Premier Automotive Group along with Aston Martin, Volvo Cars and, from 2000, Land Rover. Under Ford's ownership, Jaguar never made a profit.Under Ford's ownership Jaguar expanded its range of products with the launch of the S-Type in 1999 and X-type in 2001. After PAG acquired Land Rover in May 2000 purchase by Ford, the brand became closely associated with Jaguar. In many countries they shared a common sales and distribution network (including shared dealerships), and some models shared components, although the only shared production facility was Halewood Body & Assembly – which manufactured the technically related X-Type and the Freelander 2. Operationally the two companies were effectively integrated under a common management structure within Ford's PAG. Title: 2010 Pichilemu earthquake Passage: The 2010 Pichilemu earthquake (), also known as the Libertador O'Higgins earthquake, was a 6.9 M intraplate earthquake that struck Chile's O'Higgins Region on 11 March 2010. The earthquake was centred northwest of the city of Pichilemu.	[ "Ita Ford", "List of earthquakes in El Salvador" ]
2hop__27372_34883	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The U.S. Eisenhower administration condemned the tripartite invasion, and supported UN resolutions demanding withdrawal and a United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) to be stationed in Sinai. Nasser commended Eisenhower, stating he played the \"greatest and most decisive role\" in stopping the \"tripartite conspiracy\". By the end of December, British and French forces had totally withdrawn from Egyptian territory, while Israel completed its withdrawal in March 1957 and released all Egyptian prisoners of war. As a result of the Suez Crisis, Nasser brought in a set of regulations imposing rigorous requirements for residency and citizenship as well as forced expulsions, mostly affecting British and French nationals and Jews with foreign nationality, as well as some Egyptian Jews.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Down in Flames is a computer video game for Microsoft Windows, developed by American studio Dan Verssen Games and published by Battlefront.com in 2005. Closely based on a card-driven tabletop game of the same name, Down in Flames is a turn-based simulation of dogfights between World War II fighter planes. Some parts of the game also involve escorting and intercepting bombers.", "title": "Down in Flames (video game)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The following day, the armies of four Arab countries—Egypt, Syria, Transjordan and Iraq—entered what had been British Mandatory Palestine, launching the 1948 Arab–Israeli War; Contingents from Yemen, Morocco, Saudi Arabia and Sudan joined the war. The apparent purpose of the invasion was to prevent the establishment of the Jewish state at inception, and some Arab leaders talked about driving the Jews into the sea. According to Benny Morris, Jews felt that the invading Arab armies aimed to slaughter the Jews. The Arab league stated that the invasion was to restore law and order and to prevent further bloodshed.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The next morning, October 26, Kennedy informed the EXCOMM that he believed only an invasion would remove the missiles from Cuba. He was persuaded to give the matter time and continue with both military and diplomatic pressure. He agreed and ordered the low-level flights over the island to be increased from two per day to once every two hours. He also ordered a crash program to institute a new civil government in Cuba if an invasion went ahead.", "title": "Cuban Missile Crisis" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Iron Dome (, \"\") is a mobile all-weather air defense system developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aerospace Industries. The system is designed to intercept and destroy short-range rockets and artillery shells fired from distances of to away and whose trajectory would take them to an Israeli populated area. Israel hopes to increase the range of Iron Dome's interceptions, from the current maximum of to and make it more versatile so that it could intercept rockets coming from two directions simultaneously.", "title": "Iron Dome" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Junction Canal was a canal in the states of New York and Pennsylvania in the United States. The canal was also called the Arnot Canal, after the name of its principal stockholder, John Arnot of Elmira, New York. The canal was built and operated by a private stock company. The canal was partly open in 1854, but the entire length was not finished until 1858. The completed canal was long and had 11 locks. Then intent was to lengthen the reach of the Chemung Canal deeper into Pennsylvania in order to connect to the canal systems there. Competition with railroads led to diminished use of the canal. In 1865 the canal was severely damaged by a flood. In 1866, the stock company was authorized to change its name to the \"Junction Canal and Railroad Company,\" and work commenced in constructing a railroad on its right of way. The canal was last used in 1871, and was then abandoned.", "title": "Junction Canal" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ionic order came from eastern Greece, where its origins are entwined with the similar but little known Aeolic order. It is distinguished by slender, fluted pillars with a large base and two opposed volutes (also called scrolls) in the echinus of the capital. The echinus itself is decorated with an egg - and - dart motif. The Ionic shaft comes with four more flutes than the Doric counterpart (totalling 24). The Ionic base has two convex moldings called tori which are separated by a scotia.", "title": "Classical order" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast, and maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for air-to-air combat. Many of these fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are dual-roled as fighter-bombers (e.g., the F-16 Fighting Falcon); the term \"fighter\" is also sometimes used colloquially for dedicated ground-attack aircraft. Other missions include interception of bombers and other fighters, reconnaissance, and patrol. The F-16 is currently used by the USAF Air Demonstration squadron, the Thunderbirds, while a small number of both man-rated and non-man-rated F-4 Phantom II are retained as QF-4 aircraft for use as Full Scale Aerial Targets (FSAT) or as part of the USAF Heritage Flight program. These extant QF-4 aircraft are being replaced in the FSAT role by early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration. The USAF has 2,025 fighters in service as of September 2012.", "title": "United States Air Force" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Airborne Interception radar (AI) was unreliable. The heavy fighting in the Battle of Britain had eaten up most of Fighter Command's resources, so there was little investment in night fighting. Bombers were flown with airborne search lights out of desperation[citation needed], but to little avail. Of greater potential was the GL (Gunlaying) radar and searchlights with fighter direction from RAF fighter control rooms to begin a GCI system (Ground Control-led Interception) under Group-level control (No. 10 Group RAF, No. 11 Group RAF and No. 12 Group RAF).", "title": "The Blitz" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1956, the British and French prime ministers, Sir Anthony Eden and Guy Mollet, discussed the possibility of France joining the Commonwealth. The proposal was never accepted and the following year France signed the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community, the precursor to the European Union. In November 1956, Britain and France invaded Egypt in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to capture the Suez Canal. Lord Mountbatten claimed the Queen was opposed to the invasion, though Eden denied it. Eden resigned two months later.", "title": "Elizabeth II" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The forces converged in the largest sea battle of World War II up to that point. Over the previous month American destroyers had destroyed 17 of 25 submarines out of Ozawa's screening force. Repeated U.S. raids destroyed the Japanese land-based planes. Ozawa's main attack lacked coordination, with the Japanese planes arriving at their targets in a staggered sequence. Following a directive from Nimitz, the U.S. carriers all had combat information centers, which interpreted the flow of radar data and radioed interception orders to the Hellcats. The result was later dubbed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. The few attackers to reach the U.S. fleet encountered massive AA fire with proximity fuzes. Only one American warship was slightly damaged.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation in the western Rhine Delta. The Dornbirner Ach had to be diverted, too, and it now flows parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake. Its water has a darker color than the Rhine; the latter's lighter suspended load comes from higher up the mountains. It is expected that the continuous input of sediment into the lake will silt up the lake. This has already happened to the former Lake Tuggenersee.", "title": "Rhine" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On St. George's Night (Estonian: Jüriöö ülestõus) 23 April 1343, the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order tried to rid themselves of the Danish and German rulers and landlords, who had conquered the country in the 13th century during the Livonian crusade, and to eradicate the non-indigenous Christian religion. After initial success the revolt was ended by the invasion of the Teutonic Order. In 1346 the Duchy of Estonia was sold for 19,000 Köln marks to the Teutonic Order by the King of Denmark. The shift of sovereignty from Denmark to the State of the Teutonic Order took place on 1 November 1346.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Generation Love is a song recorded by American country music artist Jennette McCurdy. It was released to country radio on April 25, 2011. McCurdy did a cross-country mall tour featuring that song in order to raise money for the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.", "title": "Generation Love" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marine Fighting Squadron 511 (VMF-511) was a fighter squadron of the Marine Corps and Marine Forces Reserve during World War II and the Cold War which flew aircraft types such as the F6F Hellcat, F4U Corsair, and the F-8 Crusader. They were originally activated during World War II and fought during the Battle of Okinawa and the Battle of Balikpapan (1945). They specialized in close air support and during the course of the war were credited with only one plane shot down.", "title": "VMF-511" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nevertheless, it was radar that proved to be critical weapon in the night battles over Britain from this point onward. Dowding had introduced the concept of airborne radar and encouraged its usage. Eventually it would become a success. On the night of 22/23 July 1940, Flying Officer Cyril Ashfield (pilot), Pilot Officer Geoffrey Morris (Observer) and Flight Sergeant Reginald Leyland (Air Intercept radar operator) of the Fighter Interception Unit became the first pilot and crew to intercept and destroy an enemy aircraft using onboard radar to guide them to a visual interception, when their AI night fighter brought down a Do 17 off Sussex. On 19 November 1940 the famous RAF night fighter ace John Cunningham shot down a Ju 88 bomber using airborne radar, just as Dowding had predicted.", "title": "The Blitz" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Colonel Rex T. Barber (May 6, 1917 – July 26, 2001) was a World War II fighter pilot from the United States. He is best known as a member of the top secret mission to intercept the aircraft carrying Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto in April 1943.", "title": "Rex T. Barber" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Quentin C. Aanenson (April 21, 1921 – December 28, 2008) was a World War II veteran fighter pilot and former captain of the 391st Fighter Squadron, 366th Fighter Group, 9th Air Force, U.S. Army Air Corps. He flew the P-47 Thunderbolt in the Normandy D-Day invasion and subsequent European campaign.", "title": "Quentin C. Aanenson" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequency (i.e. a high frequency alternating current (AC)) to the antenna's terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves (radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified.", "title": "Antenna (radio)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Heinkel He 100 was a German pre-World War II fighter aircraft design from Heinkel. Although it proved to be one of the fastest fighter aircraft in the world at the time of its development, the design was not ordered into series production. Approximately 19 prototypes and pre-production examples were built. None are known to have survived the war.", "title": "Heinkel He 100" } ]	From where did the radioed interception orders to planes of the country later opposed to invasion of the Suez canal come?	combat information centers	[ "Combat information center", "combat information center" ]	Title: Iron Dome Passage: Iron Dome (, "") is a mobile all-weather air defense system developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aerospace Industries. The system is designed to intercept and destroy short-range rockets and artillery shells fired from distances of to away and whose trajectory would take them to an Israeli populated area. Israel hopes to increase the range of Iron Dome's interceptions, from the current maximum of to and make it more versatile so that it could intercept rockets coming from two directions simultaneously. Title: Israel Passage: The following day, the armies of four Arab countries—Egypt, Syria, Transjordan and Iraq—entered what had been British Mandatory Palestine, launching the 1948 Arab–Israeli War; Contingents from Yemen, Morocco, Saudi Arabia and Sudan joined the war. The apparent purpose of the invasion was to prevent the establishment of the Jewish state at inception, and some Arab leaders talked about driving the Jews into the sea. According to Benny Morris, Jews felt that the invading Arab armies aimed to slaughter the Jews. The Arab league stated that the invasion was to restore law and order and to prevent further bloodshed. Title: Rex T. Barber Passage: Colonel Rex T. Barber (May 6, 1917 – July 26, 2001) was a World War II fighter pilot from the United States. He is best known as a member of the top secret mission to intercept the aircraft carrying Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto in April 1943. Title: Antenna (radio) Passage: An antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequency (i.e. a high frequency alternating current (AC)) to the antenna's terminals, and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as electromagnetic waves (radio waves). In reception, an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals, that is applied to a receiver to be amplified. Title: Elizabeth II Passage: In 1956, the British and French prime ministers, Sir Anthony Eden and Guy Mollet, discussed the possibility of France joining the Commonwealth. The proposal was never accepted and the following year France signed the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community, the precursor to the European Union. In November 1956, Britain and France invaded Egypt in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to capture the Suez Canal. Lord Mountbatten claimed the Queen was opposed to the invasion, though Eden denied it. Eden resigned two months later. Title: Classical order Passage: The Ionic order came from eastern Greece, where its origins are entwined with the similar but little known Aeolic order. It is distinguished by slender, fluted pillars with a large base and two opposed volutes (also called scrolls) in the echinus of the capital. The echinus itself is decorated with an egg - and - dart motif. The Ionic shaft comes with four more flutes than the Doric counterpart (totalling 24). The Ionic base has two convex moldings called tori which are separated by a scotia. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: The U.S. Eisenhower administration condemned the tripartite invasion, and supported UN resolutions demanding withdrawal and a United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) to be stationed in Sinai. Nasser commended Eisenhower, stating he played the "greatest and most decisive role" in stopping the "tripartite conspiracy". By the end of December, British and French forces had totally withdrawn from Egyptian territory, while Israel completed its withdrawal in March 1957 and released all Egyptian prisoners of war. As a result of the Suez Crisis, Nasser brought in a set of regulations imposing rigorous requirements for residency and citizenship as well as forced expulsions, mostly affecting British and French nationals and Jews with foreign nationality, as well as some Egyptian Jews. Title: Estonia Passage: On St. George's Night (Estonian: Jüriöö ülestõus) 23 April 1343, the indigenous Estonian population in the Duchy of Estonia, the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek and the insular territories of the State of the Teutonic Order tried to rid themselves of the Danish and German rulers and landlords, who had conquered the country in the 13th century during the Livonian crusade, and to eradicate the non-indigenous Christian religion. After initial success the revolt was ended by the invasion of the Teutonic Order. In 1346 the Duchy of Estonia was sold for 19,000 Köln marks to the Teutonic Order by the King of Denmark. The shift of sovereignty from Denmark to the State of the Teutonic Order took place on 1 November 1346. Title: The Blitz Passage: Airborne Interception radar (AI) was unreliable. The heavy fighting in the Battle of Britain had eaten up most of Fighter Command's resources, so there was little investment in night fighting. Bombers were flown with airborne search lights out of desperation[citation needed], but to little avail. Of greater potential was the GL (Gunlaying) radar and searchlights with fighter direction from RAF fighter control rooms to begin a GCI system (Ground Control-led Interception) under Group-level control (No. 10 Group RAF, No. 11 Group RAF and No. 12 Group RAF). Title: Quentin C. Aanenson Passage: Quentin C. Aanenson (April 21, 1921 – December 28, 2008) was a World War II veteran fighter pilot and former captain of the 391st Fighter Squadron, 366th Fighter Group, 9th Air Force, U.S. Army Air Corps. He flew the P-47 Thunderbolt in the Normandy D-Day invasion and subsequent European campaign. Title: Junction Canal Passage: The Junction Canal was a canal in the states of New York and Pennsylvania in the United States. The canal was also called the Arnot Canal, after the name of its principal stockholder, John Arnot of Elmira, New York. The canal was built and operated by a private stock company. The canal was partly open in 1854, but the entire length was not finished until 1858. The completed canal was long and had 11 locks. Then intent was to lengthen the reach of the Chemung Canal deeper into Pennsylvania in order to connect to the canal systems there. Competition with railroads led to diminished use of the canal. In 1865 the canal was severely damaged by a flood. In 1866, the stock company was authorized to change its name to the "Junction Canal and Railroad Company," and work commenced in constructing a railroad on its right of way. The canal was last used in 1871, and was then abandoned. Title: United States Air Force Passage: The fighter aircraft of the USAF are small, fast, and maneuverable military aircraft primarily used for air-to-air combat. Many of these fighters have secondary ground-attack capabilities, and some are dual-roled as fighter-bombers (e.g., the F-16 Fighting Falcon); the term "fighter" is also sometimes used colloquially for dedicated ground-attack aircraft. Other missions include interception of bombers and other fighters, reconnaissance, and patrol. The F-16 is currently used by the USAF Air Demonstration squadron, the Thunderbirds, while a small number of both man-rated and non-man-rated F-4 Phantom II are retained as QF-4 aircraft for use as Full Scale Aerial Targets (FSAT) or as part of the USAF Heritage Flight program. These extant QF-4 aircraft are being replaced in the FSAT role by early model F-16 aircraft converted to QF-16 configuration. The USAF has 2,025 fighters in service as of September 2012. Title: Pacific War Passage: The forces converged in the largest sea battle of World War II up to that point. Over the previous month American destroyers had destroyed 17 of 25 submarines out of Ozawa's screening force. Repeated U.S. raids destroyed the Japanese land-based planes. Ozawa's main attack lacked coordination, with the Japanese planes arriving at their targets in a staggered sequence. Following a directive from Nimitz, the U.S. carriers all had combat information centers, which interpreted the flow of radar data and radioed interception orders to the Hellcats. The result was later dubbed the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot. The few attackers to reach the U.S. fleet encountered massive AA fire with proximity fuzes. Only one American warship was slightly damaged. Title: The Blitz Passage: Nevertheless, it was radar that proved to be critical weapon in the night battles over Britain from this point onward. Dowding had introduced the concept of airborne radar and encouraged its usage. Eventually it would become a success. On the night of 22/23 July 1940, Flying Officer Cyril Ashfield (pilot), Pilot Officer Geoffrey Morris (Observer) and Flight Sergeant Reginald Leyland (Air Intercept radar operator) of the Fighter Interception Unit became the first pilot and crew to intercept and destroy an enemy aircraft using onboard radar to guide them to a visual interception, when their AI night fighter brought down a Do 17 off Sussex. On 19 November 1940 the famous RAF night fighter ace John Cunningham shot down a Ju 88 bomber using airborne radar, just as Dowding had predicted. Title: VMF-511 Passage: Marine Fighting Squadron 511 (VMF-511) was a fighter squadron of the Marine Corps and Marine Forces Reserve during World War II and the Cold War which flew aircraft types such as the F6F Hellcat, F4U Corsair, and the F-8 Crusader. They were originally activated during World War II and fought during the Battle of Okinawa and the Battle of Balikpapan (1945). They specialized in close air support and during the course of the war were credited with only one plane shot down. Title: Heinkel He 100 Passage: The Heinkel He 100 was a German pre-World War II fighter aircraft design from Heinkel. Although it proved to be one of the fastest fighter aircraft in the world at the time of its development, the design was not ordered into series production. Approximately 19 prototypes and pre-production examples were built. None are known to have survived the war. Title: Cuban Missile Crisis Passage: The next morning, October 26, Kennedy informed the EXCOMM that he believed only an invasion would remove the missiles from Cuba. He was persuaded to give the matter time and continue with both military and diplomatic pressure. He agreed and ordered the low-level flights over the island to be increased from two per day to once every two hours. He also ordered a crash program to institute a new civil government in Cuba if an invasion went ahead.	[ "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Pacific War" ]
2hop__280665_43057	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Us Girls was a weekly lifestyle magazine show in the Philippines hosted by Iya Villania, Cheska Garcia, and Angel Aquino, which airs every Thursday night on Studio 23. Garcia was later on replaced by Megan Young as a temporary host due to her pregnancy.", "title": "Us Girls (TV program)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cédric Garcia (born 28 December 1982 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France ) is a French-Spanish rugby union player. He played for Castres Olympique, Bayonne and US Montauban. Garcia, a scrum-half, also played three games for the Spanish national team in 2004.", "title": "Cédric Garcia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pedro Cervantes (full name Pedro Miguel de Cervantes Salvadores; born October 2, 1933) is a Mexican sculptor who has exhibited in Mexico and abroad as well as created large monumental works for various locations in the country. Some of his work is noted for its use of used materials such as automobile parts from junkyards. Cervantes has received various recognitions for his work including Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes in 2011 as well as membership in the Academia de Artes and the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.", "title": "Pedro Cervantes" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brusilow entered the Curtis Institute of Music when he was eleven and studied there with Efrem Zimbalist. Throughout most of his childhood and adolescence, he was known as \"Albert Brusilow\". Later, at the urging of his girlfriend (who would later become his wife), he returned to using his birth name, Anshel.", "title": "Anshel Brusilow" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, \"everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them\".", "title": "Hellenistic period" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years.", "title": "New Mexico Territory" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Viva Duets is a studio album by Tony Bennett, released in October 2012. The album is sung in English, Spanish and Portuguese; and features Latin American singers. Album's adaptations were written by Andres Castro, Edgar Barrera, Miguel Bosé, Ricardo Arjona, Kany Garcia, Thalia, Franco De Vita, Dani Martin, and Mario Molina Montez.", "title": "Viva Duets" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miguel Mateos (born January 26, 1954) is an Argentine rock singer-songwriter from Villa Pueyrredón, Argentina. Outside Argentina he is considered one of the most important exponents of Rock en Español, specially in the 1980s when he along with Charly Garcia, Soda Stereo, Enanitos Verdes, Virus, Sumo, Fabulosos Cadillacs, Rata Blanca, and many more bands became international stars in the so-called \"Argentinian Invasion\" (\"\"La Ola Argentina\"\") of rock music that swept Latin America and parts of North America and Europe. It helped popularize Spanish-language rock outside Argentina, and make the genre a commercially successful industry.", "title": "Miguel Mateos" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unida () is an American stoner rock band that was formed after the dissolution of Kyuss and Slo Burn. The band originally consisted of John Garcia (vocals), Arthur Seay (guitar), Miguel Cancino (drums) and Dave Dinsmore (bass). Dinsmore was later replaced by Scott Reeder, who was in turn replaced by Eddie Plascencia.", "title": "Unida" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "João Miguel Sequeira José (born June 7, 1978 in Portimão) is a male volleyball player from Portugal. He finished in 8th place with the Men's National Team at the 2002 FIVB Men's World Championship, where he was named \"Best Blocker\" of the tournament.", "title": "João José" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ninety - six years later, her great - great - grandson, 12 - year - old Miguel, now lives with Coco and their family. He secretly dreams of becoming a musician like Ernesto de la Cruz, a popular actor and singer of Coco's generation. One day, Miguel inadvertently damages the picture frame holding a photo of Coco with her parents at the center of the family ofrenda and removes the photograph, discovering that his great - great - grandfather (whose face had been torn out) was holding Ernesto's famous guitar.", "title": "Coco (2017 film)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In season five, Jesse and Rebecca become parents when Becky gives birth to twin boys, Nicky and Alex. Meanwhile, Jesse & The Rippers launch a new song which eventually becomes successful. Joey gets his own show The Legend of Ranger Joe which becomes a success. Danny finds love.", "title": "Full House (season 5)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1063, Ferdinand I of Castile divided his realm among his sons, and the Kingdom of Galicia was granted to Garcia II of Galicia. In 1072, it was forcibly annexed by Garcia's brother Alfonso VI of León; from that time Galicia was united with the Kingdom of León under the same monarchs. In the 13th century Alfonso X of Castile standardized the Castilian language and made it the language of court and government. Nevertheless, in his Kingdom of Galicia the Galician language was the only language spoken, and the most used in government and legal uses, as well as in literature.", "title": "Galicia (Spain)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rodrigo Garcia y Robertson (born 1949) is an American writer of historical and fantasy fiction. He holds a Ph.D in history and taught at UCLA and Villanova University before becoming a full-time writer. In addition to his eight novels, he has had numerous short stories published in fantasy and science fiction anthologies. He lives in Mount Vernon, Washington.", "title": "R. Garcia y Robertson" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date.", "title": "Peter Fliesteden" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Miguel P. Garcia (born January 19, 1951 in New Mexico) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives representing District 14 since January 1997.", "title": "Miguel Garcia (politician)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La República perdida () is the name of a series of Argentine documentary films about the history of Argentina. It is focused on the Coups d'état in Argentina, and uses photos and video tapes, while Aldo Barbero narrates it. It was directed by Miguel Pérez.", "title": "La República perdida" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miguel Roa (Madrid, 1944 – Illescas, 2016) was a Spanish conductor. He was particularly associated with the zarzuela, and joined the Teatro de la Zarzuela in 1978, becoming director in 1985.", "title": "Miguel Roa" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full - time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia.", "title": "Jennifer Jareau" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" } ]	When did the state where Miguel Garcia was born become part of US?	January 6, 1912	[]	Title: New Mexico Territory Passage: The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years. Title: Full House (season 5) Passage: In season five, Jesse and Rebecca become parents when Becky gives birth to twin boys, Nicky and Alex. Meanwhile, Jesse & The Rippers launch a new song which eventually becomes successful. Joey gets his own show The Legend of Ranger Joe which becomes a success. Danny finds love. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone. Title: Galicia (Spain) Passage: In 1063, Ferdinand I of Castile divided his realm among his sons, and the Kingdom of Galicia was granted to Garcia II of Galicia. In 1072, it was forcibly annexed by Garcia's brother Alfonso VI of León; from that time Galicia was united with the Kingdom of León under the same monarchs. In the 13th century Alfonso X of Castile standardized the Castilian language and made it the language of court and government. Nevertheless, in his Kingdom of Galicia the Galician language was the only language spoken, and the most used in government and legal uses, as well as in literature. Title: Jennifer Jareau Passage: The season seven premiere reveals that JJ has returned to the Behavioral Analysis Unit, having received the training to become a full - time profiler, instead of the Media Liaison, a position which has been split between Hotch and Garcia. Title: Pedro Cervantes Passage: Pedro Cervantes (full name Pedro Miguel de Cervantes Salvadores; born October 2, 1933) is a Mexican sculptor who has exhibited in Mexico and abroad as well as created large monumental works for various locations in the country. Some of his work is noted for its use of used materials such as automobile parts from junkyards. Cervantes has received various recognitions for his work including Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes in 2011 as well as membership in the Academia de Artes and the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana. Title: Miguel Garcia (politician) Passage: Miguel P. Garcia (born January 19, 1951 in New Mexico) is an American politician and a Democratic member of the New Mexico House of Representatives representing District 14 since January 1997. Title: Peter Fliesteden Passage: Peter Fliesteden (date of birth unknown; died 28 September 1529) was condemned to be burnt at the stake at Melaten near Cologne, as one of the first Protestant martyrs of the Reformation on the Lower Rhine in Germany. He was born in a tiny place also called Fliesteden (now part of Bergheim, Rhein-Erft-Kreis) on an unknown date. Title: Miguel Roa Passage: Miguel Roa (Madrid, 1944 – Illescas, 2016) was a Spanish conductor. He was particularly associated with the zarzuela, and joined the Teatro de la Zarzuela in 1978, becoming director in 1985. Title: João José Passage: João Miguel Sequeira José (born June 7, 1978 in Portimão) is a male volleyball player from Portugal. He finished in 8th place with the Men's National Team at the 2002 FIVB Men's World Championship, where he was named "Best Blocker" of the tournament. Title: Cédric Garcia Passage: Cédric Garcia (born 28 December 1982 in Toulouse, Haute-Garonne, France ) is a French-Spanish rugby union player. He played for Castres Olympique, Bayonne and US Montauban. Garcia, a scrum-half, also played three games for the Spanish national team in 2004. Title: Us Girls (TV program) Passage: Us Girls was a weekly lifestyle magazine show in the Philippines hosted by Iya Villania, Cheska Garcia, and Angel Aquino, which airs every Thursday night on Studio 23. Garcia was later on replaced by Megan Young as a temporary host due to her pregnancy. Title: Coco (2017 film) Passage: Ninety - six years later, her great - great - grandson, 12 - year - old Miguel, now lives with Coco and their family. He secretly dreams of becoming a musician like Ernesto de la Cruz, a popular actor and singer of Coco's generation. One day, Miguel inadvertently damages the picture frame holding a photo of Coco with her parents at the center of the family ofrenda and removes the photograph, discovering that his great - great - grandfather (whose face had been torn out) was holding Ernesto's famous guitar. Title: Hellenistic period Passage: Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, "everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them". Title: Anshel Brusilow Passage: Brusilow entered the Curtis Institute of Music when he was eleven and studied there with Efrem Zimbalist. Throughout most of his childhood and adolescence, he was known as "Albert Brusilow". Later, at the urging of his girlfriend (who would later become his wife), he returned to using his birth name, Anshel. Title: Miguel Mateos Passage: Miguel Mateos (born January 26, 1954) is an Argentine rock singer-songwriter from Villa Pueyrredón, Argentina. Outside Argentina he is considered one of the most important exponents of Rock en Español, specially in the 1980s when he along with Charly Garcia, Soda Stereo, Enanitos Verdes, Virus, Sumo, Fabulosos Cadillacs, Rata Blanca, and many more bands became international stars in the so-called "Argentinian Invasion" (""La Ola Argentina"") of rock music that swept Latin America and parts of North America and Europe. It helped popularize Spanish-language rock outside Argentina, and make the genre a commercially successful industry. Title: La República perdida Passage: La República perdida () is the name of a series of Argentine documentary films about the history of Argentina. It is focused on the Coups d'état in Argentina, and uses photos and video tapes, while Aldo Barbero narrates it. It was directed by Miguel Pérez.	[ "New Mexico Territory", "Miguel Garcia (politician)" ]
2hop__482728_92014	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The McLaughlin Cliffs () are abrupt rock cliffs that overlook George VI Sound between Armstrong Glacier and Conchie Glacier, in western Palmer Land, Antarctica. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Donald J. McLaughlin, Civil Engineer Corps, U.S. Navy Reserve, officer-in-charge of Palmer Station in 1970. The steep cliffs provide nesting sites for a colony of snow petrels (\"Pagodroma nivea\").", "title": "McLaughlin Cliffs" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Susq-Cyber Charter School is a small, public, cyber charter school whose headquarters are located in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania. The school offers grades 9th through 12th. Students residing in any region of Pennsylvania may enroll in the school. The curriculum and instruction is internet based. Teachers are available to pupils, during traditional school day hours via phone and internet. There is no charge to the students or parents. The pupil's public school of residency pays tuition to the charter school each year, on a per pupil attending basis. The amount paid is set each year by the Pennsylvania Department of Education. It is based on the home school district's own per-pupil spending. Susq-Cyber Charter School is one of 14 public, cyber charter schools operating in Pennsylvania in 2014.", "title": "SusQ Cyber Charter School" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Isabella Court is a Spanish Colonial Revival style mixed-use residential and commercial complex at 3909-3917 South Main Street in the Midtown district of Houston, Texas, United States. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Isabella Court's residents mainly consist of artists and other professionals. As of 2009 Trudy Hutchings owns the complex.", "title": "Isabella Court" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed.", "title": "Electric charge" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freddie Highmore as Dr. Shaun Murphy, a surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome. His savant abilities include near - photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere. Nicholas Gonzalez as Dr. Neil Melendez: Attending Cardiothoracic surgeon in charge of surgical residents. He is also engaged to Jessica Preston until episode 12. Antonia Thomas as Dr. Claire Browne, a surgical resident who forms a special connection with Shaun. Chuku Modu as Dr. Jared Kalu, a surgical resident from a wealthy family. Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston: The hospital in - house attorney and Vice President of Risk Management. She is the granddaughter of the hospital founder and a friend of Dr. Glassman. Hill Harper as Dr. Marcus Andrews, Chief of surgery and board member. Richard Schiff as Dr. Aaron Glassman, President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14. Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki, Chairman and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital.", "title": "The Good Doctor (TV series)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 \"Resistances\"—pg. 29).", "title": "USB" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 19th century, the mass - to - charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass - to - charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J.J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that its mass - to - charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to their mass - to - charge ratio with an ion optical device with superimposed electric and magnetic fields (Wien filter). In 1901 Walter Kaufman measured the increase of electromagnetic mass of fast electrons (Kaufmann -- Bucherer -- Neumann experiments), or relativistic mass increase in modern terms. In 1913, Thomson measured the mass - to - charge ratio of ions with an instrument he called a parabola spectrograph. Today, an instrument that measures the mass - to - charge ratio of charged particles is called a mass spectrometer.", "title": "Mass-to-charge ratio" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Free healthcare at the point of use comes from the core principles at the founding of the National Health Service by the Labour government in 1948. In practice, ``free at the point of use ''normally means that anyone legitimately fully registered with the system (i.e. in possession of an NHS number), available to legal UK residents regardless of nationality (but not non-resident British citizens), can access the full breadth of critical and non-critical medical care, without payment except for some specific NHS services, for example eye tests, dental care, prescriptions and aspects of long - term care. These charges are usually lower than equivalent services provided by a private provider, and many are free to vulnerable or low - income patients.", "title": "National Health Service (England)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted \"Guam\" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic.", "title": "Guam" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Napoleon ended lawlessness and disorder in post-Revolutionary France. He was, however, considered a tyrant and usurper by his opponents. His critics charge that he was not significantly troubled when faced with the prospect of war and death for thousands, turned his search for undisputed rule into a series of conflicts throughout Europe and ignored treaties and conventions alike. His role in the Haitian Revolution and decision to reinstate slavery in France's oversea colonies are controversial and have an impact on his reputation.", "title": "Napoleon" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Awashonks (also spelled Awashunckes, Awashunkes or Awasoncks) was a sachem (chief) of the Sakonnet (also spelled Saconet) tribe in Rhode Island. She lived near the southern edge of the Plymouth Colony, not far from Narragansett Bay, near what is now Little Compton, Rhode Island. In the mid-seventeenth century, her lands were claimed by the English settlers of Plymouth Colony. While she had allied herself to the English to increase her power, their victory eroded her standing among both the English and the Saconet. Awashonks is known for her special talent for negotiation and diplomacy, which helped include the Sakonnets among a tiny handful of natives who received amnesty from colonists.", "title": "Awashonks" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gehry Residence is architect Frank Gehry's own house. It was originally an extension, designed by Gehry and built around an existing Dutch colonial style house. It makes use of unconventional materials, such as chain-link fences and corrugated steel. It is sometimes considered one of the earliest deconstructivist buildings, although Gehry denies this.", "title": "Gehry Residence" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The J. E. Paterson House is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1929 in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 12, 1991. It is a part of the Spanish Revival Residences in Mobile Multiple Property Submission.", "title": "J. E. Paterson House" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New York is a state in the northeastern United States. New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state. To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "title": "New York (state)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom.", "title": "History of Rhode Island" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By 1675, the relationship between the English and the Wampanoag was more tense than ever. Metacomet (Sachem of the Wampanoag tribe, also known as King Philip) was trying to build a military coalition to go to war against the Plymouth settlers. Metacomet sent six men to visit Awashonks and convince her to side with him in the fight against the English. The men told her that if she did not, Metacomet would send his men to kill the colonists' cattle and burn their houses on her side of the river - making it appear as if one of her people had committed the crime. Awashonks sent for Benjamin Church; when he arrived, there were hundreds of people present and Awashonks was leading a ceremonial dance. Awashonks stopped to see Church, who told her that it was not true that Plymouth was preparing for war (as Metacomet's men had told her). Church advised Awashonks to go to the Governor of Plymouth and join with the English. In part because of aid from leaders such as Awashonks, the English defeated Metacomet in King Philip's War.", "title": "Awashonks" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In most parts of medieval Europe, the upper class obtained the sole rights to hunt in certain areas of a feudal territory. Game in these areas was used as a source of food and furs, often provided via professional huntsmen, but it was also expected to provide a form of recreation for the aristocracy. The importance of this proprietary view of game can be seen in the Robin Hood legends, in which one of the primary charges against the outlaws is that they \"hunt the King's deer\". In contrast, settlers in Anglophone colonies gloried democratically in hunting for all.", "title": "Hunting" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Florence Ann Griswold (December 25, 1850 – December 6, 1937) was a resident of Old Lyme, Connecticut, United States who became the nucleus of the \"Old Lyme Art Colony\" in the early 20th century. Her home has since been made into the Florence Griswold Museum, a National Historic Landmark.", "title": "Florence Griswold" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cardigan formed up his unit and charged the length of the Valley of the Balaclava, under fire from Russian batteries in the hills. The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit. The Light Brigade was memorialized in the famous poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, \"The Charge of the Light Brigade.\" Although traditionally the charge of the Light Brigade was looked upon as a glorious but wasted sacrifice of good men and horses, recent historians say that the charge of the Light Brigade did succeed in at least some of its objectives. The aim of any cavalry charge is to scatter the enemy lines and frighten the enemy off the battlefield. The charge of the Light Brigade had so unnerved the Russian cavalry, which had previously been routed by the Heavy Brigade, that the Russian Cavalry was set to full-scale flight by the subsequent charge of the Light Brigade.:252", "title": "Crimean War" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freddie Highmore as Shaun Murphy: A surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome. His savant abilities include near - photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere. Nicholas Gonzalez as Neil Melendez: Attending Cardiothoracic surgeon in charge of surgical residents. He is also engaged to Jessica Preston. Antonia Thomas as Claire Browne: A surgical resident who forms a special connection with Shaun. Chuku Modu as Jared Kalu: A surgical resident from a wealthy family. Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston: The hospital in - house attorney and Vice President of Risk Management. She is the granddaughter of the hospital founder and a friend of Dr. Glassman. She is also engaged to Dr. Melendez. Irene Keng as Elle McLean: A resident (appeared only in the pilot) Hill Harper as Marcus Andrews: Chief of surgery and board member. Richard Schiff as Aaron Glassman: President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14. Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki: Chairman and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital.", "title": "The Good Doctor (TV series)" } ]	Who was in charge of the colony Awashonks reside?	Roger Williams	[]	Title: History of Rhode Island Passage: In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom. Title: J. E. Paterson House Passage: The J. E. Paterson House is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States. It was built in 1929 in the Spanish Colonial Revival style. The building was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 12, 1991. It is a part of the Spanish Revival Residences in Mobile Multiple Property Submission. Title: Florence Griswold Passage: Florence Ann Griswold (December 25, 1850 – December 6, 1937) was a resident of Old Lyme, Connecticut, United States who became the nucleus of the "Old Lyme Art Colony" in the early 20th century. Her home has since been made into the Florence Griswold Museum, a National Historic Landmark. Title: Crimean War Passage: Cardigan formed up his unit and charged the length of the Valley of the Balaclava, under fire from Russian batteries in the hills. The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit. The Light Brigade was memorialized in the famous poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson, "The Charge of the Light Brigade." Although traditionally the charge of the Light Brigade was looked upon as a glorious but wasted sacrifice of good men and horses, recent historians say that the charge of the Light Brigade did succeed in at least some of its objectives. The aim of any cavalry charge is to scatter the enemy lines and frighten the enemy off the battlefield. The charge of the Light Brigade had so unnerved the Russian cavalry, which had previously been routed by the Heavy Brigade, that the Russian Cavalry was set to full-scale flight by the subsequent charge of the Light Brigade.:252 Title: Gehry Residence Passage: The Gehry Residence is architect Frank Gehry's own house. It was originally an extension, designed by Gehry and built around an existing Dutch colonial style house. It makes use of unconventional materials, such as chain-link fences and corrugated steel. It is sometimes considered one of the earliest deconstructivist buildings, although Gehry denies this. Title: New York (state) Passage: New York is a state in the northeastern United States. New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States. With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state. To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State. Title: The Good Doctor (TV series) Passage: Freddie Highmore as Shaun Murphy: A surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome. His savant abilities include near - photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere. Nicholas Gonzalez as Neil Melendez: Attending Cardiothoracic surgeon in charge of surgical residents. He is also engaged to Jessica Preston. Antonia Thomas as Claire Browne: A surgical resident who forms a special connection with Shaun. Chuku Modu as Jared Kalu: A surgical resident from a wealthy family. Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston: The hospital in - house attorney and Vice President of Risk Management. She is the granddaughter of the hospital founder and a friend of Dr. Glassman. She is also engaged to Dr. Melendez. Irene Keng as Elle McLean: A resident (appeared only in the pilot) Hill Harper as Marcus Andrews: Chief of surgery and board member. Richard Schiff as Aaron Glassman: President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14. Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki: Chairman and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital. Title: Isabella Court Passage: Isabella Court is a Spanish Colonial Revival style mixed-use residential and commercial complex at 3909-3917 South Main Street in the Midtown district of Houston, Texas, United States. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Isabella Court's residents mainly consist of artists and other professionals. As of 2009 Trudy Hutchings owns the complex. Title: McLaughlin Cliffs Passage: The McLaughlin Cliffs () are abrupt rock cliffs that overlook George VI Sound between Armstrong Glacier and Conchie Glacier, in western Palmer Land, Antarctica. They were named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Donald J. McLaughlin, Civil Engineer Corps, U.S. Navy Reserve, officer-in-charge of Palmer Station in 1970. The steep cliffs provide nesting sites for a colony of snow petrels ("Pagodroma nivea"). Title: Napoleon Passage: Napoleon ended lawlessness and disorder in post-Revolutionary France. He was, however, considered a tyrant and usurper by his opponents. His critics charge that he was not significantly troubled when faced with the prospect of war and death for thousands, turned his search for undisputed rule into a series of conflicts throughout Europe and ignored treaties and conventions alike. His role in the Haitian Revolution and decision to reinstate slavery in France's oversea colonies are controversial and have an impact on his reputation. Title: Guam Passage: In 1899, the local postage stamps were overprinted "Guam" as was done for the other former Spanish colonies, but this was discontinued shortly thereafter and regular U.S. postage stamps have been used ever since. Because Guam is also part of the U.S. Postal System (postal abbreviation: GU, ZIP code range: 96910–96932), mail to Guam from the U.S. mainland is considered domestic and no additional charges are required. Private shipping companies, such as FedEx, UPS, and DHL, however, have no obligation to do so, and do not regard Guam as domestic. Title: Awashonks Passage: Awashonks (also spelled Awashunckes, Awashunkes or Awasoncks) was a sachem (chief) of the Sakonnet (also spelled Saconet) tribe in Rhode Island. She lived near the southern edge of the Plymouth Colony, not far from Narragansett Bay, near what is now Little Compton, Rhode Island. In the mid-seventeenth century, her lands were claimed by the English settlers of Plymouth Colony. While she had allied herself to the English to increase her power, their victory eroded her standing among both the English and the Saconet. Awashonks is known for her special talent for negotiation and diplomacy, which helped include the Sakonnets among a tiny handful of natives who received amnesty from colonists. Title: Mass-to-charge ratio Passage: In the 19th century, the mass - to - charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass - to - charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J.J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that its mass - to - charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to their mass - to - charge ratio with an ion optical device with superimposed electric and magnetic fields (Wien filter). In 1901 Walter Kaufman measured the increase of electromagnetic mass of fast electrons (Kaufmann -- Bucherer -- Neumann experiments), or relativistic mass increase in modern terms. In 1913, Thomson measured the mass - to - charge ratio of ions with an instrument he called a parabola spectrograph. Today, an instrument that measures the mass - to - charge ratio of charged particles is called a mass spectrometer. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: USB Passage: Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 "Resistances"—pg. 29). Title: The Good Doctor (TV series) Passage: Freddie Highmore as Dr. Shaun Murphy, a surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome. His savant abilities include near - photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere. Nicholas Gonzalez as Dr. Neil Melendez: Attending Cardiothoracic surgeon in charge of surgical residents. He is also engaged to Jessica Preston until episode 12. Antonia Thomas as Dr. Claire Browne, a surgical resident who forms a special connection with Shaun. Chuku Modu as Dr. Jared Kalu, a surgical resident from a wealthy family. Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston: The hospital in - house attorney and Vice President of Risk Management. She is the granddaughter of the hospital founder and a friend of Dr. Glassman. Hill Harper as Dr. Marcus Andrews, Chief of surgery and board member. Richard Schiff as Dr. Aaron Glassman, President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14. Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki, Chairman and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital. Title: Hunting Passage: In most parts of medieval Europe, the upper class obtained the sole rights to hunt in certain areas of a feudal territory. Game in these areas was used as a source of food and furs, often provided via professional huntsmen, but it was also expected to provide a form of recreation for the aristocracy. The importance of this proprietary view of game can be seen in the Robin Hood legends, in which one of the primary charges against the outlaws is that they "hunt the King's deer". In contrast, settlers in Anglophone colonies gloried democratically in hunting for all.	[ "Awashonks", "History of Rhode Island" ]
2hop__104471_59031	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pietà or Revolution by Night (Pietà ou La révolution la nuit) (1923) is a painting by German surrealist and Dadaist Max Ernst. Since 1981 it has been part of the collection of the Tate Gallery in London.", "title": "Pietà or Revolution by Night" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ernst Lubitsch was born on January 29, 1892 in Berlin, Germany, the son of Anna (née Lindenstaedt) and Simon Lubitsch (), a tailor. His family was Ashkenazi Jewish, his father born in Grodno in the Russian Empire and his mother from Wriezen (Oder), outside Berlin. He turned his back on his father's tailoring business to enter the theater, and by 1911, he was a member of Max Reinhardt's Deutsches Theater.", "title": "Ernst Lubitsch" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Honeymoon Express is a lost 1926 silent film drama directed by James Flood and uncredited Ernst Lubitsch and starred Willard Louis and Irene Rich. Willard Louis's final film before his death. It is unknown, but the film might have been released with a Vitaphone soundtrack.", "title": "The Honeymoon Express" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eight - hour day movement or 40 - hour week movement, also known as the short - time movement, was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses. It was started by James Deb and had its origins in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life. The use of child labour was common. The working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, and the work week was typically six days a week.", "title": "Eight-hour day" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Life in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution underwent vast social and economic changes, the result of developments in mechanised working methods, and the introduction of the factory system and the steam engine. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain about 1760, continuing through to the early 19th century. The lives of large sections of the population of Great Britain underwent massive changes during the Industrial Revolution. Work became more regimented and disciplined and began to take place outside the home. A movement of the population to the cities from the countryside produced dramatic changes in lifestyle.", "title": "Life in Great Britain during the Industrial Revolution" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.", "title": "Early modern Europe" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to a non-sustainable, industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc., that have contributed to a massive systemic problem in the country affecting people's health, small farmers sustainability, soil erosion and earth degradation. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat. Dr. Vandana Shiva, Physicist at the University of Punjab, and completed her Ph. D. on the 'Hidden Variables and Non-locality in Quantum Theory' from the University of Western Ontario (also considered by Forbes Magazine 2010 as one of the Seven Most Powerful Women on the Globe) afirms that Green Revolution did not save India from famine, as the proponents of Industrial Agriculture and GMO technology would argue, in fact the Green Revolution reduced India's production. Besides, more than 300,000 farmers have committed suicide in India since 1995, when the rules of globalisation of agriculture by the WTO (World Trade Organization) were implemented, transforming food into a commodity, agriculture into corporate business, and shifting control over seeds and food from farmers to giant multinational corporations.", "title": "Green Revolution in India" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes. Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T.S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.", "title": "Industrial Revolution" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Marriage Circle is a 1924 silent film produced by Ernst Lubitsch and Warner Brothers with direction by Lubitsch and distribution by the Warners. Based on the play \"Only a Dream\" by Lothar Schmidt, the screenplay was written by Paul Bern. The \"circle\" of the title refers to the ring of infidelities (suspected and otherwise) central to the plot.", "title": "The Marriage Circle" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monte Carlo is a 1930 American pre-Code musical comedy film, directed by Ernst Lubitsch. It stars Jeanette MacDonald as Countess Helene Mara. The film is notable for the song \"Beyond the Blue Horizon\", which was written for the film and was performed by Jeanette MacDonald. The film was also hailed by critics as a masterpiece of the newly emerging musical genre. The screenplay was based on the Booth Tarkington novel \"Monsieur Beaucaire\".", "title": "Monte Carlo (1930 film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sumurun (a.k.a. \"One Arabian Night\") is a 1920 German silent film directed by Ernst Lubitsch based on a pantomime by Friedrich Freksa.", "title": "Sumurun" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many major events caused Europe to change around the start of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor period with the victory of Henry VII over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. Early modern European history is usually seen to span from the start of the 15th century, through the Age of Reason and the Age of Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries, until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trouble in Paradise is a 1932 American Pre-Code romantic comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch, starring Miriam Hopkins, Kay Francis, and Herbert Marshall and featuring Charles Ruggles and Edward Everett Horton. Based on the 1931 play \"The Honest Finder\" (\"A Becsületes Megtaláló\") by Hungarian playwright László Aladár, the film is about a gentleman thief and a lady pickpocket who join forces to con a beautiful woman who is the owner of a perfume company.", "title": "Trouble in Paradise (1932 film)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "From the 1830s and 1840s, Prussia, Saxony, and other states reorganized agriculture, introducing sugar beets, turnips, and potatoes, yielding a higher level of food production that enabled a surplus rural population to move to industrial areas. The beginning of the industrial revolution in Germany came in the textile industry, and was facilitated by eliminating tariff barriers through the Zollverein, starting in 1834. The takeoff stage of economic development came with the railroad revolution in the 1840s, which opened up new markets for local products, created a pool of middle managers, increased the demand for engineers, architects and skilled machinists, and stimulated investments in coal and iron. The political decisions about the economy of Prussia (and after 1871, all of Germany) were largely controlled by a coalition of ``rye and iron '', that is the Junker landowners of the east and the heavy industry of the west.", "title": "Economic history of Germany" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shoe Palace Pinkus (German: Schuhpalast Pinkus) is a 1916 German silent comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Lubitsch, Else Kentner and Guido Herzfeld. In English it is sometimes known by the alternative titles Shoe Salon Pinkus and The Shoe Palace. It was part of the Sally series of films featuring Lubitsch as a sharp young Berliner of Jewish heritage. After leaving school, a self-confident young man goes to work in a shoe shop. Soon after, he becomes a shoe tycoon.", "title": "Shoe Palace Pinkus" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of films directed by Ernst Lubitsch. He made a total of 72 films (44 feature films and 28 short films) in a career that spanned 4 decades.", "title": "Ernst Lubitsch filmography" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donald W. Ernst (born January 25, 1934) is an American film, music and sound editor and film producer. He commonly works in the animation industry.", "title": "Donald W. Ernst" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular.", "title": "Kathmandu" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bluebeard's Eighth Wife is a 1938 American romantic comedy film made by Paramount Pictures, directed and produced by Ernst Lubitsch, and starring Claudette Colbert and Gary Cooper. The film is based on the French play, \"La huitième femme de Barbe-Bleue\", by Alfred Savoir and the English translation of the play by Charlton Andrews. The screenplay was the first of many collaborations between Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder. A much-married business tycoon meets his match in his latest wife.", "title": "Bluebeard's Eighth Wife" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Good Old Summertime is a 1949 American Technicolor musical film directed by Robert Z. Leonard. It stars Judy Garland, Van Johnson, and S.Z. Sakall. The film is a musical adaptation of the 1940 film, \"The Shop Around the Corner\", directed by Ernst Lubitsch, and starring James Stewart and Margaret Sullavan, and written by Miklós László based on his 1937 play \"Parfumerie\". For the film, the locale has been changed from 1930s Budapest to turn-of-the-century Chicago, but the plot remains the same.", "title": "In the Good Old Summertime" } ]	When did the industrial revolution start in the country where Ernst Lubitsch was born?	1834	[]	Title: Donald W. Ernst Passage: Donald W. Ernst (born January 25, 1934) is an American film, music and sound editor and film producer. He commonly works in the animation industry. Title: The Honeymoon Express Passage: The Honeymoon Express is a lost 1926 silent film drama directed by James Flood and uncredited Ernst Lubitsch and starred Willard Louis and Irene Rich. Willard Louis's final film before his death. It is unknown, but the film might have been released with a Vitaphone soundtrack. Title: Bluebeard's Eighth Wife Passage: Bluebeard's Eighth Wife is a 1938 American romantic comedy film made by Paramount Pictures, directed and produced by Ernst Lubitsch, and starring Claudette Colbert and Gary Cooper. The film is based on the French play, "La huitième femme de Barbe-Bleue", by Alfred Savoir and the English translation of the play by Charlton Andrews. The screenplay was the first of many collaborations between Charles Brackett and Billy Wilder. A much-married business tycoon meets his match in his latest wife. Title: Economic history of Germany Passage: From the 1830s and 1840s, Prussia, Saxony, and other states reorganized agriculture, introducing sugar beets, turnips, and potatoes, yielding a higher level of food production that enabled a surplus rural population to move to industrial areas. The beginning of the industrial revolution in Germany came in the textile industry, and was facilitated by eliminating tariff barriers through the Zollverein, starting in 1834. The takeoff stage of economic development came with the railroad revolution in the 1840s, which opened up new markets for local products, created a pool of middle managers, increased the demand for engineers, architects and skilled machinists, and stimulated investments in coal and iron. The political decisions about the economy of Prussia (and after 1871, all of Germany) were largely controlled by a coalition of ``rye and iron '', that is the Junker landowners of the east and the heavy industry of the west. Title: In the Good Old Summertime Passage: In the Good Old Summertime is a 1949 American Technicolor musical film directed by Robert Z. Leonard. It stars Judy Garland, Van Johnson, and S.Z. Sakall. The film is a musical adaptation of the 1940 film, "The Shop Around the Corner", directed by Ernst Lubitsch, and starring James Stewart and Margaret Sullavan, and written by Miklós László based on his 1937 play "Parfumerie". For the film, the locale has been changed from 1930s Budapest to turn-of-the-century Chicago, but the plot remains the same. Title: Shoe Palace Pinkus Passage: Shoe Palace Pinkus (German: Schuhpalast Pinkus) is a 1916 German silent comedy film directed by Ernst Lubitsch and starring Lubitsch, Else Kentner and Guido Herzfeld. In English it is sometimes known by the alternative titles Shoe Salon Pinkus and The Shoe Palace. It was part of the Sally series of films featuring Lubitsch as a sharp young Berliner of Jewish heritage. After leaving school, a self-confident young man goes to work in a shoe shop. Soon after, he becomes a shoe tycoon. Title: Green Revolution in India Passage: The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to a non-sustainable, industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc., that have contributed to a massive systemic problem in the country affecting people's health, small farmers sustainability, soil erosion and earth degradation. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat. Dr. Vandana Shiva, Physicist at the University of Punjab, and completed her Ph. D. on the 'Hidden Variables and Non-locality in Quantum Theory' from the University of Western Ontario (also considered by Forbes Magazine 2010 as one of the Seven Most Powerful Women on the Globe) afirms that Green Revolution did not save India from famine, as the proponents of Industrial Agriculture and GMO technology would argue, in fact the Green Revolution reduced India's production. Besides, more than 300,000 farmers have committed suicide in India since 1995, when the rules of globalisation of agriculture by the WTO (World Trade Organization) were implemented, transforming food into a commodity, agriculture into corporate business, and shifting control over seeds and food from farmers to giant multinational corporations. Title: Eight-hour day Passage: The eight - hour day movement or 40 - hour week movement, also known as the short - time movement, was a social movement to regulate the length of a working day, preventing excesses and abuses. It was started by James Deb and had its origins in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life. The use of child labour was common. The working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, and the work week was typically six days a week. Title: Monte Carlo (1930 film) Passage: Monte Carlo is a 1930 American pre-Code musical comedy film, directed by Ernst Lubitsch. It stars Jeanette MacDonald as Countess Helene Mara. The film is notable for the song "Beyond the Blue Horizon", which was written for the film and was performed by Jeanette MacDonald. The film was also hailed by critics as a masterpiece of the newly emerging musical genre. The screenplay was based on the Booth Tarkington novel "Monsieur Beaucaire". Title: Kathmandu Passage: Tourism is considered another important industry in Nepal. This industry started around 1950, as the country's political makeup changed and ended the country's isolation from the rest of the world. In 1956, air transportation was established and the Tribhuvan Highway, between Kathmandu and Raxaul (at India's border), was started. Separate organizations were created in Kathmandu to promote this activity; some of these include the Tourism Development Board, the Department of Tourism and the Civil Aviation Department. Furthermore, Nepal became a member of several international tourist associations. Establishing diplomatic relations with other nations further accentuated this activity. The hotel industry, travel agencies, training of tourist guides, and targeted publicity campaigns are the chief reasons for the remarkable growth of this industry in Nepal, and in Kathmandu in particular. Title: Ernst Lubitsch Passage: Ernst Lubitsch was born on January 29, 1892 in Berlin, Germany, the son of Anna (née Lindenstaedt) and Simon Lubitsch (), a tailor. His family was Ashkenazi Jewish, his father born in Grodno in the Russian Empire and his mother from Wriezen (Oder), outside Berlin. He turned his back on his father's tailoring business to enter the theater, and by 1911, he was a member of Max Reinhardt's Deutsches Theater. Title: The Marriage Circle Passage: The Marriage Circle is a 1924 silent film produced by Ernst Lubitsch and Warner Brothers with direction by Lubitsch and distribution by the Warners. Based on the play "Only a Dream" by Lothar Schmidt, the screenplay was written by Paul Bern. The "circle" of the title refers to the ring of infidelities (suspected and otherwise) central to the plot. Title: Pietà or Revolution by Night Passage: Pietà or Revolution by Night (Pietà ou La révolution la nuit) (1923) is a painting by German surrealist and Dadaist Max Ernst. Since 1981 it has been part of the collection of the Tate Gallery in London. Title: Early modern Europe Passage: Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England. Title: Industrial Revolution Passage: The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes. Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T.S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France. Title: Ernst Lubitsch filmography Passage: This is a list of films directed by Ernst Lubitsch. He made a total of 72 films (44 feature films and 28 short films) in a career that spanned 4 decades. Title: Modern history Passage: Many major events caused Europe to change around the start of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor period with the victory of Henry VII over Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. Early modern European history is usually seen to span from the start of the 15th century, through the Age of Reason and the Age of Enlightenment in the 17th and 18th centuries, until the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century.	[ "Ernst Lubitsch", "Economic history of Germany" ]
2hop__167674_400874	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1846 the Imperial administration of the Caucasus was reorganized and the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate was abolished, with its territory forming the new governorates of Tiflis and Kutais.", "title": "Georgia-Imeretia Governorate" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Deninu School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.", "title": "Municipio XIX" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District.", "title": "Bani Walid District" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading.", "title": "Marussia Motors" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kemptville is a rural community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Yarmouth Municipal District and Yarmouth County. It is located approximately 38 kilometers northeast of the town of Yarmouth.", "title": "Kemptville, Nova Scotia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kinsac is a suburban community in District 2 of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in Nova Scotia, Canada on Nova Scotia Route 354.", "title": "Kinsac, Nova Scotia" } ]	What municipality is Kinsac, in the province Kemptville is located in, part of?	Halifax Regional Municipality	[ "Halifax" ]	Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Marussia Motors Passage: In April 2014, the Marussia Motors company was disbanded, with staff leaving to join a government-run technical institute. The Marussia F1 team continued unaffected as a British entity, independent of the Russian car company. However, on 7 November 2014 the administrator announced that the F1 team had ceased trading. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Kemptville, Nova Scotia Passage: Kemptville is a rural community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Yarmouth Municipal District and Yarmouth County. It is located approximately 38 kilometers northeast of the town of Yarmouth. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Kinsac, Nova Scotia Passage: Kinsac is a suburban community in District 2 of the Halifax Regional Municipality, in Nova Scotia, Canada on Nova Scotia Route 354. Title: Bani Walid District Passage: Bani Walid or Ben Walid, prior to 2007, was one of the districts of Libya, administrative town Bani Walid. In the 2007 administrative reorganization the territory formerly in Bani Walid District was transferred to Misrata District. Title: Municipio XIX Passage: The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome. Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).	[ "Kemptville, Nova Scotia", "Kinsac, Nova Scotia" ]
2hop__486644_10369	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alain Émile Louis Marie Poher (; 17 April 1909 – 9 December 1996) was a French centrist politician, affiliated first with the Popular Republican Movement and later with the Democratic Centre. He served as a Senator for Val-de-Marne from 1946 to 1995. He was President of the Senate from 3 October 1968 to 1 October 1992 and, in that capacity, served twice as the country's interim president. A leading candidate in the 1969 presidential election, he was defeated by Georges Pompidou in the second round.", "title": "Alain Poher" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (عبد الله محمد كامل) (born 1936, in Obock) is a Djiboutian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the country from 5 February 1978 to 2 October 1978.", "title": "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Djiboutian Navy (), () is the naval service branch of the Djibouti Armed Forces. It is responsible for securing Djibouti's territorial waters and 314 km seaboard as well as supporting army operations. The navy has bases in Djibouti City, Obock and Tadjoura. It has a fleet of gunboats, fast missile boats, which can be deployed to along Djibouti's coastline as well as to protect tankers passing through the Bab-el-Mandeb. The navy was built and structured with assistance from the United States since the end of the Cold War, but has also relied on other sources for equipment in some areas. Djiboutian forces are an important player in the Bab-el-Mandeb.", "title": "Djiboutian Navy" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Katherine Simonds Dhanani is an American diplomat. She was nominated as the Ambassador of the United States to Somalia, having been nominated for the position on 25 February 2015 by U.S. President Barack Obama. Dhanani is the first official U.S. envoy to the country in over two decades. On May 11, 2015, it was reported that Dhanani had withdrawn her nomination to the post of Ambassador to Somalia for personal reasons.", "title": "Katherine Dhanani" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``God Bless the U.S.A. ''is an American patriotic song written and recorded by country music artist Lee Greenwood, and is considered to be his signature song. The first album it appears on is 1984's You've Got a Good Love Comin '. It reached No. 7 on the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart when originally released in the spring of 1984, and was played at the 1984 Republican National Convention with President Ronald Reagan and first lady Nancy Reagan in attendance, but the song gained greater prominence during the Gulf War in 1990 and 1991, as a way of boosting morale.", "title": "God Bless the U.S.A." }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau.", "title": "Guinea-Bissau" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "State of Affairs is an American espionage thriller series created by Alexi Hawley, which premiered on NBC on November 17, 2014, during the 2014–15 American television season. The series stars Katherine Heigl as CIA analyst Charleston Tucker, who is tasked with assembling and presenting the President's Daily Briefing on the most vital security issues facing the country, and Alfre Woodard as the first black woman to be elected President of the United States, Constance Payton. After one season, NBC canceled \"State of Affairs\".", "title": "State of Affairs (TV series)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House First edition cover Author Michael Wolff Country United States Language English Subject Presidency of Donald Trump Published January 5, 2018 Publisher Henry Holt and Company Media type Print, e-book, audiobook Pages 336 ISBN 978 - 1 - 250 - 15806 - 2 (Hardcover)", "title": "Fire and Fury" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Diah Permata Megawati Setiawati Sukarnoputri (; born 23 January 1947) is an Indonesian politician who served as President of Indonesia from 23 July 2001 to 20 October 2004. She was previously the country's vice president from 21 October 1999 to 23 July 2001.", "title": "Megawati Sukarnoputri" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "José Cipriano Castro Ruiz (12 October 1858 – 4 December 1924) was a high-ranking member of the Venezuelan military, politician and the President of Venezuela from 1899 to 1908. He was the first man from the Andes to rule the country, and was the first of five military strongmen from the Andean state of Táchira to rule the country over the next 46 years.", "title": "Cipriano Castro" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the head of state of Trinidad and Tobago and the commander - in - chief of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1976, before which the head of state was Queen Elizabeth II. The last Governor - General, Sir Ellis Clarke, was sworn in as the first President on 1 August 1976 under a transitional arrangement. He was formally chosen as President by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament on 24 September 1976, which is now celebrated as Republic Day.", "title": "President of Trinidad and Tobago" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Park Geun - hye (Hangul: 박근혜; Hanja: 朴槿惠; RR: Bak Geun (-) hye; IPA: (pak ‿ k͈ɯn. hje); born 2 February 1952) is a former South Korean politician who served as the 18th President of South Korea from 2013 to 2017. Park was the first woman to be President of South Korea and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the country's founding; her predecessors were either born during Japanese rule or during the post-World War II transitional period.", "title": "Park Geun-hye" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The State of the Union address is a speech presented by the President of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress, except in the first year of a new president's term. The address not only reports on the condition of the nation but also allows the President to outline his legislative agenda (for which he needs the cooperation of Congress) and national priorities. The address fulfills rules in Article II, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, requiring the President to periodically give Congress information on the ``state of the union ''and recommend any measures that he believes are necessary and expedient. During most of the country's first century, the President primarily only submitted a written report to Congress. With the advent of radio and television, the address is now broadcast live across the country on most networks.", "title": "State of the Union" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The run-off took place on 11 January 2015, with Grabar-Kitarović winning 50.7% of the vote. She thereby became Croatia's first female post-independence head of state and the country's first conservative president in 15 years. She was ceremonially sworn into office on 15 February, and assumed office officially at midnight on 19 February 2015.Upon election, Grabar-Kitarović became the first woman in Europe to defeat an incumbent president running for reelection, as well as the second woman in the world to do so, after Violetta Chamorro of Nicaragua in 1990. She is also the first candidate of any gender to defeat an incumbent Croatian president. In addition, Grabar-Kitarović is the only presidential candidate to date to have won a Croatian presidential election without having won the most votes in the first round of elections, as she lost it by 1.24% or 21,000 votes. Furthermore, the 1.114 million votes she received in the second round is the lowest number of votes for any winning candidate in a presidential election in Croatia and the 1.48% victory margin against Josipović is the smallest in any such election to date.", "title": "Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993.", "title": "Constitution of South Africa" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991).", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santos León Herrera (May 21, 1874, San José – May 8, 1950, San José) was interim president of Costa Rica for 18 days during the country's 1948 civil war, serving from April 20 - May 8 of that year. He also previously served as vice president of the country, as part of the Teodoro Picado Michalski administration of 1944 - 1948. Before that, he served as interior minister from 1932 - 1936.", "title": "Santos León Herrera" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first hundred days of a first - term presidency of a President of the United States are sometimes used to measure the successes and accomplishments of a president during the time that the president's power and influence are at their greatest. The term was coined in a July 24, 1933, radio address by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, although he was referring to the 100 - day session of the 73rd United States Congress between March 9 and June 17, rather than the first 100 days of his administration.", "title": "First hundred days" } ]	Who was the first president of the country where Obock is located?	Hassan Gouled Aptidon	[]	Title: First hundred days Passage: The first hundred days of a first - term presidency of a President of the United States are sometimes used to measure the successes and accomplishments of a president during the time that the president's power and influence are at their greatest. The term was coined in a July 24, 1933, radio address by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, although he was referring to the 100 - day session of the 73rd United States Congress between March 9 and June 17, rather than the first 100 days of his administration. Title: State of Affairs (TV series) Passage: State of Affairs is an American espionage thriller series created by Alexi Hawley, which premiered on NBC on November 17, 2014, during the 2014–15 American television season. The series stars Katherine Heigl as CIA analyst Charleston Tucker, who is tasked with assembling and presenting the President's Daily Briefing on the most vital security issues facing the country, and Alfre Woodard as the first black woman to be elected President of the United States, Constance Payton. After one season, NBC canceled "State of Affairs". Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau. Title: Fire and Fury Passage: Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House First edition cover Author Michael Wolff Country United States Language English Subject Presidency of Donald Trump Published January 5, 2018 Publisher Henry Holt and Company Media type Print, e-book, audiobook Pages 336 ISBN 978 - 1 - 250 - 15806 - 2 (Hardcover) Title: Abdallah Mohamed Kamil Passage: Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (عبد الله محمد كامل) (born 1936, in Obock) is a Djiboutian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the country from 5 February 1978 to 2 October 1978. Title: Cipriano Castro Passage: José Cipriano Castro Ruiz (12 October 1858 – 4 December 1924) was a high-ranking member of the Venezuelan military, politician and the President of Venezuela from 1899 to 1908. He was the first man from the Andes to rule the country, and was the first of five military strongmen from the Andean state of Táchira to rule the country over the next 46 years. Title: Prime minister Passage: Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president. Title: Somalis Passage: A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991). Title: Alain Poher Passage: Alain Émile Louis Marie Poher (; 17 April 1909 – 9 December 1996) was a French centrist politician, affiliated first with the Popular Republican Movement and later with the Democratic Centre. He served as a Senator for Val-de-Marne from 1946 to 1995. He was President of the Senate from 3 October 1968 to 1 October 1992 and, in that capacity, served twice as the country's interim president. A leading candidate in the 1969 presidential election, he was defeated by Georges Pompidou in the second round. Title: Park Geun-hye Passage: Park Geun - hye (Hangul: 박근혜; Hanja: 朴槿惠; RR: Bak Geun (-) hye; IPA: (pak ‿ k͈ɯn. hje); born 2 February 1952) is a former South Korean politician who served as the 18th President of South Korea from 2013 to 2017. Park was the first woman to be President of South Korea and also the first female president popularly elected as head of state in East Asia. She was also the first South Korean president to be born after the country's founding; her predecessors were either born during Japanese rule or during the post-World War II transitional period. Title: Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović Passage: The run-off took place on 11 January 2015, with Grabar-Kitarović winning 50.7% of the vote. She thereby became Croatia's first female post-independence head of state and the country's first conservative president in 15 years. She was ceremonially sworn into office on 15 February, and assumed office officially at midnight on 19 February 2015.Upon election, Grabar-Kitarović became the first woman in Europe to defeat an incumbent president running for reelection, as well as the second woman in the world to do so, after Violetta Chamorro of Nicaragua in 1990. She is also the first candidate of any gender to defeat an incumbent Croatian president. In addition, Grabar-Kitarović is the only presidential candidate to date to have won a Croatian presidential election without having won the most votes in the first round of elections, as she lost it by 1.24% or 21,000 votes. Furthermore, the 1.114 million votes she received in the second round is the lowest number of votes for any winning candidate in a presidential election in Croatia and the 1.48% victory margin against Josipović is the smallest in any such election to date. Title: President of Trinidad and Tobago Passage: The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the head of state of Trinidad and Tobago and the commander - in - chief of the Trinidad and Tobago Defence Force. The office was established when the country became a republic in 1976, before which the head of state was Queen Elizabeth II. The last Governor - General, Sir Ellis Clarke, was sworn in as the first President on 1 August 1976 under a transitional arrangement. He was formally chosen as President by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament on 24 September 1976, which is now celebrated as Republic Day. Title: Djiboutian Navy Passage: The Djiboutian Navy (), () is the naval service branch of the Djibouti Armed Forces. It is responsible for securing Djibouti's territorial waters and 314 km seaboard as well as supporting army operations. The navy has bases in Djibouti City, Obock and Tadjoura. It has a fleet of gunboats, fast missile boats, which can be deployed to along Djibouti's coastline as well as to protect tankers passing through the Bab-el-Mandeb. The navy was built and structured with assistance from the United States since the end of the Cold War, but has also relied on other sources for equipment in some areas. Djiboutian forces are an important player in the Bab-el-Mandeb. Title: Constitution of South Africa Passage: The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993. Title: Katherine Dhanani Passage: Katherine Simonds Dhanani is an American diplomat. She was nominated as the Ambassador of the United States to Somalia, having been nominated for the position on 25 February 2015 by U.S. President Barack Obama. Dhanani is the first official U.S. envoy to the country in over two decades. On May 11, 2015, it was reported that Dhanani had withdrawn her nomination to the post of Ambassador to Somalia for personal reasons. Title: Santos León Herrera Passage: Santos León Herrera (May 21, 1874, San José – May 8, 1950, San José) was interim president of Costa Rica for 18 days during the country's 1948 civil war, serving from April 20 - May 8 of that year. He also previously served as vice president of the country, as part of the Teodoro Picado Michalski administration of 1944 - 1948. Before that, he served as interior minister from 1932 - 1936. Title: State of the Union Passage: The State of the Union address is a speech presented by the President of the United States to a joint session of the United States Congress, except in the first year of a new president's term. The address not only reports on the condition of the nation but also allows the President to outline his legislative agenda (for which he needs the cooperation of Congress) and national priorities. The address fulfills rules in Article II, Section 3 of the U.S. Constitution, requiring the President to periodically give Congress information on the ``state of the union ''and recommend any measures that he believes are necessary and expedient. During most of the country's first century, the President primarily only submitted a written report to Congress. With the advent of radio and television, the address is now broadcast live across the country on most networks.	[ "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil", "Somalis" ]
3hop1__400851_797479_57072	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Curutchet House, La Plata, Argentina, is a building by Le Corbusier. It was commissioned by Dr. Pedro Domingo Curutchet, a surgeon, in 1948 and included a small medical office on the ground floor. The house consists of four main levels with a courtyard between the house and the clinic. The building faces the Paseo del Bosque park. The main facade incorporates a brise soleil.", "title": "Curutchet House" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The House at 21 Chestnut Street is one of the best preserved Italianate houses in Wakefield, Massachusetts. It was built c. 1855 to a design by local architect John Stevens, and was home for many years to local historian Ruth Woodbury. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.", "title": "House at 21 Chestnut Street" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The James McBean Residence is a house in Rochester, Minnesota designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. This Usonian house is an example of the second type (Prefab #2) of the Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses. This house and the Walter Rudin House have the same floor plan and vary only in minor details such as paint color and siting, because they are the only two Prefab #2 houses in existence.", "title": "James McBean Residence" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Loomis–Parry Residence is a mixed-style residential house, constructed in 1917, in Augusta, Kansas. It is a 2-story structure, with an irregular floor plan, that retains nearly all of its original materials, including exterior brick walls and double-hung wooden windows. It has been continuously owned by the same family who originally constructed it. A widow named Henrietta Loomis commissioned the house as a residence for herself and her daughter. Her husband's family, who had been farmers, owned land in Butler County where oil was discovered in the early 1900s. The oil revenue financed the construction. The Loomis–Parry Residence was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.", "title": "Loomis–Parry Residence" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The George E. Purple House is a historic home located at 338 Sunset Ave. in LaGrange, Illinois, United States. The Italian Renaissance Revival style house was designed by William G. Carnegie and built in 1928. The house includes several characteristic features of Italian Renaissance Revival architecture, including a green tile hipped roof, large first-floor windows, overhanging eaves, decorative brackets, and extensive decorations; these decorations include bas-relief urns above the first floor windows and brick quoins on the corners. George E. Purple, founder of the Flexible Steel Lacing Company, commissioned the house; while Purple died in 1930, his family inhabited the house until 1944.", "title": "George E. Purple House" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Haining is a country house and estate in Selkirk in the Scottish Borders. The present house dates from the 1790s, and was a property of the Pringle family. In 2009, the house and grounds were bequeathed to the people of Selkirkshire and the wider public, and a charitable trust is now working on developing the building as a centre for exhibitions and events, highlighting art, culture and history. The ground floor of the House has been refurbished and is now let out for various events and functions. The Old Coach House and Stable outbuildings have been refurbished and now offers 6 brand new artists studios. A 2-bedroom holiday apartment, The Ettrick, is also now available within the ground available for booking via Visit Scotland.", "title": "The Haining" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ashbel Woodward House is a historic house museum at 387 Connecticut Route 32 in Franklin, Connecticut. The house is now operated by the Town of Franklin as the Dr. Ashbel Woodward House Museum. The house was built c. 1835, and is a fine local example of a Greek Revival house in a rural setting. It was home for many years to Ashbel Woodward, a local doctor. His descendants gave the property to the state in 1947. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 8, 1992.", "title": "Ashbel Woodward House" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Come 2 My House is the ninth studio album by American R&B/funk singer Chaka Khan released on the NPG Records label in 1998.", "title": "Come 2 My House" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Construction of the White House began with the laying of the cornerstone on October 13, 1792, although there was no formal ceremony. The main residence, as well as foundations of the house, were built largely by enslaved and free African - American laborers, as well as employed Europeans. Much of the other work on the house was performed by immigrants, many not yet with citizenship. The sandstone walls were erected by Scottish immigrants, employed by Hoban, as were the high - relief rose and garland decorations above the north entrance and the ``fish scale ''pattern beneath the pediments of the window hoods. The initial construction took place over a period of eight years, at a reported cost of $232,371.83 (equal to $3,279,177 today). Although not yet completed, the White House was ready for occupancy circa November 1, 1800.", "title": "White House" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The modern - day White House complex includes the Executive Residence, West Wing, East Wing, the Eisenhower Executive Office Building -- the former State Department, which now houses offices for the President's staff and the Vice President -- and Blair House, a guest residence. The Executive Residence is made up of six stories -- the Ground Floor, State Floor, Second Floor, and Third Floor, as well as a two - story basement. The property is a National Heritage Site owned by the National Park Service and is part of the President's Park. In 2007, it was ranked second on the American Institute of Architects list of ``America's Favorite Architecture ''.", "title": "White House" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Birth house of Anton Chekhov is the place in Taganrog, Russia, where the famous writer Anton Chekhov was born. It is now a writer's house museum. The outbuilding on the territory of a property on Chekhov Street (formerly Kupecheskaya Street, later Alexandrovskaya Street, and renamed in honor of Chekhov in 1904, soon after his death) in Taganrog was built in 1859 of wattle and daub, plastered and whitened. The area taken up by the small outbuilding is 30.5 sq. meters. The house and grounds were owned by the merchant Gnutov in 1860, and by the petit bourgeois Kovalenko in 1880-1915.", "title": "Birth house of Anton Chekhov" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "By the 1920s, the business in downtown Chicago could support a much larger facility, and the Palmer Estate decided to erect a new 25 - story hotel. They hired Holabird & Roche to design the building. Between 1923 and 1925, the hotel was rebuilt on the same site.", "title": "The Palmer House Hilton" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Acorn Corner, historically known as the Franklin Hotel, is a six-story historic building in Kent, Ohio, United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 2013. Construction started in 1919 and the hotel opened in September 1920. The hotel was also known as the Hotel Kent and later the Hotel Kent-Ellis. Locally it is often referred to as the \"old Kent hotel\", \"Kent Hotel\", or the \"old hotel\". The building functioned as a hotel until the early 1970s when it was converted for use as student housing. The upper four floors were condemned in 1979, though the bottom floors housed a number of small businesses until 2000.", "title": "Franklin Hotel (Kent, Ohio)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ceolwald of Wessex was a member of the House of Wessex (see House of Wessex family tree). Although a member of the direct male line from Cynric to Egbert, Ceolwald was never king. His birth and death dates are unknown.", "title": "Ceolwald of Wessex" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bernard (and Fern) Schwartz House, also known as Still Bend, is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed house in Two Rivers, Wisconsin. It is considered to be Wright's \"Life\" magazine \"Dream House,\" and is a rare example of a two-story Usonian house. Wright originally developed the design for the house for \"Life\" in 1938. The Schwartz House is one of the few Wright homes that allow guests to spend the night. This property is believed to have the oldest, continuously operating in-floor heating system in the country.", "title": "Bernard Schwartz House" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Taka Boom (born Yvonne Stevens; October 8, 1954 in Chicago, Illinois, United States) is an American female R&B and dance music singer, and is the younger sister of singer Chaka Khan and Mark Stevens of Aurra. She sang background vocals for several Parliament albums in the 1970s. Taka Boom is sometimes credited as Takka Boom and is known for her work with DJ/producer Dave Lee, especially in a range of hits under the Joey Negro name. Boom was also a later member of the Norman Whitfield group The Undisputed Truth, and led them on their 1976 disco hit \"You + Me = Love\".", "title": "Taka Boom" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike in Westminster style legislatures or as with the Senate Majority Leader, the House Majority Leader's duties and prominence vary depending upon the style and power of the Speaker of the House. Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate and rarely votes on the floor. In some cases, Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker; notably Tom DeLay who was more prominent than Speaker Dennis Hastert. In addition, Speaker Newt Gingrich delegated to Dick Armey an unprecedented level of authority over scheduling legislation on the House floor.", "title": "Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Walter Rudin House is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Marshall Erdman prefab building located at 110 Marinette Trail, Madison, Wisconsin. Designed in 1957, it is the first of the only two examples of the second type (known as Prefab #2) of the Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses. This house and the James McBean Residence have the same floor plan and vary only in minor details such as paint color and siting. Construction was completed in June, 1959 and the house was sold to UW-Madison mathematicians Walter and Mary Ellen Rudin. Now, Dr. Thomas Littlefield and Rachel Betzen live there with their two children.", "title": "Walter Rudin House" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Palace of Westminster contains over 1,100 rooms, 100 staircases and 4.8 kilometres (3 mi) of passageways, which are spread over four floors. The ground floor is occupied by offices, dining rooms and bars; the first floor (known as the principal floor) houses the main rooms of the Palace, including the debating chambers, the lobbies and the libraries. The top-two floors are used as committee rooms and offices.", "title": "Palace of Westminster" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Body in the Bath House is a 2001 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the 13th book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome and Britannia in AD 75, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The title refers to the discovery of a corpse hidden beneath the floor of one bath house and a murder which takes place in another.", "title": "A Body in the Bath House" } ]	How many floors does the Palmer House have in the city where Come 2 My House's performer was born?	25 - story hotel	[]	Title: The Palmer House Hilton Passage: By the 1920s, the business in downtown Chicago could support a much larger facility, and the Palmer Estate decided to erect a new 25 - story hotel. They hired Holabird & Roche to design the building. Between 1923 and 1925, the hotel was rebuilt on the same site. Title: Bernard Schwartz House Passage: The Bernard (and Fern) Schwartz House, also known as Still Bend, is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed house in Two Rivers, Wisconsin. It is considered to be Wright's "Life" magazine "Dream House," and is a rare example of a two-story Usonian house. Wright originally developed the design for the house for "Life" in 1938. The Schwartz House is one of the few Wright homes that allow guests to spend the night. This property is believed to have the oldest, continuously operating in-floor heating system in the country. Title: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives Passage: Unlike in Westminster style legislatures or as with the Senate Majority Leader, the House Majority Leader's duties and prominence vary depending upon the style and power of the Speaker of the House. Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate and rarely votes on the floor. In some cases, Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker; notably Tom DeLay who was more prominent than Speaker Dennis Hastert. In addition, Speaker Newt Gingrich delegated to Dick Armey an unprecedented level of authority over scheduling legislation on the House floor. Title: Walter Rudin House Passage: The Walter Rudin House is a Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Marshall Erdman prefab building located at 110 Marinette Trail, Madison, Wisconsin. Designed in 1957, it is the first of the only two examples of the second type (known as Prefab #2) of the Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses. This house and the James McBean Residence have the same floor plan and vary only in minor details such as paint color and siting. Construction was completed in June, 1959 and the house was sold to UW-Madison mathematicians Walter and Mary Ellen Rudin. Now, Dr. Thomas Littlefield and Rachel Betzen live there with their two children. Title: Franklin Hotel (Kent, Ohio) Passage: Acorn Corner, historically known as the Franklin Hotel, is a six-story historic building in Kent, Ohio, United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places since January 2013. Construction started in 1919 and the hotel opened in September 1920. The hotel was also known as the Hotel Kent and later the Hotel Kent-Ellis. Locally it is often referred to as the "old Kent hotel", "Kent Hotel", or the "old hotel". The building functioned as a hotel until the early 1970s when it was converted for use as student housing. The upper four floors were condemned in 1979, though the bottom floors housed a number of small businesses until 2000. Title: White House Passage: The modern - day White House complex includes the Executive Residence, West Wing, East Wing, the Eisenhower Executive Office Building -- the former State Department, which now houses offices for the President's staff and the Vice President -- and Blair House, a guest residence. The Executive Residence is made up of six stories -- the Ground Floor, State Floor, Second Floor, and Third Floor, as well as a two - story basement. The property is a National Heritage Site owned by the National Park Service and is part of the President's Park. In 2007, it was ranked second on the American Institute of Architects list of ``America's Favorite Architecture ''. Title: Curutchet House Passage: The Curutchet House, La Plata, Argentina, is a building by Le Corbusier. It was commissioned by Dr. Pedro Domingo Curutchet, a surgeon, in 1948 and included a small medical office on the ground floor. The house consists of four main levels with a courtyard between the house and the clinic. The building faces the Paseo del Bosque park. The main facade incorporates a brise soleil. Title: Loomis–Parry Residence Passage: The Loomis–Parry Residence is a mixed-style residential house, constructed in 1917, in Augusta, Kansas. It is a 2-story structure, with an irregular floor plan, that retains nearly all of its original materials, including exterior brick walls and double-hung wooden windows. It has been continuously owned by the same family who originally constructed it. A widow named Henrietta Loomis commissioned the house as a residence for herself and her daughter. Her husband's family, who had been farmers, owned land in Butler County where oil was discovered in the early 1900s. The oil revenue financed the construction. The Loomis–Parry Residence was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. Title: Come 2 My House Passage: Come 2 My House is the ninth studio album by American R&B/funk singer Chaka Khan released on the NPG Records label in 1998. Title: Birth house of Anton Chekhov Passage: The Birth house of Anton Chekhov is the place in Taganrog, Russia, where the famous writer Anton Chekhov was born. It is now a writer's house museum. The outbuilding on the territory of a property on Chekhov Street (formerly Kupecheskaya Street, later Alexandrovskaya Street, and renamed in honor of Chekhov in 1904, soon after his death) in Taganrog was built in 1859 of wattle and daub, plastered and whitened. The area taken up by the small outbuilding is 30.5 sq. meters. The house and grounds were owned by the merchant Gnutov in 1860, and by the petit bourgeois Kovalenko in 1880-1915. Title: George E. Purple House Passage: The George E. Purple House is a historic home located at 338 Sunset Ave. in LaGrange, Illinois, United States. The Italian Renaissance Revival style house was designed by William G. Carnegie and built in 1928. The house includes several characteristic features of Italian Renaissance Revival architecture, including a green tile hipped roof, large first-floor windows, overhanging eaves, decorative brackets, and extensive decorations; these decorations include bas-relief urns above the first floor windows and brick quoins on the corners. George E. Purple, founder of the Flexible Steel Lacing Company, commissioned the house; while Purple died in 1930, his family inhabited the house until 1944. Title: A Body in the Bath House Passage: A Body in the Bath House is a 2001 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the 13th book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome and Britannia in AD 75, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The title refers to the discovery of a corpse hidden beneath the floor of one bath house and a murder which takes place in another. Title: Taka Boom Passage: Taka Boom (born Yvonne Stevens; October 8, 1954 in Chicago, Illinois, United States) is an American female R&B and dance music singer, and is the younger sister of singer Chaka Khan and Mark Stevens of Aurra. She sang background vocals for several Parliament albums in the 1970s. Taka Boom is sometimes credited as Takka Boom and is known for her work with DJ/producer Dave Lee, especially in a range of hits under the Joey Negro name. Boom was also a later member of the Norman Whitfield group The Undisputed Truth, and led them on their 1976 disco hit "You + Me = Love". Title: Ashbel Woodward House Passage: The Ashbel Woodward House is a historic house museum at 387 Connecticut Route 32 in Franklin, Connecticut. The house is now operated by the Town of Franklin as the Dr. Ashbel Woodward House Museum. The house was built c. 1835, and is a fine local example of a Greek Revival house in a rural setting. It was home for many years to Ashbel Woodward, a local doctor. His descendants gave the property to the state in 1947. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 8, 1992. Title: House at 21 Chestnut Street Passage: The House at 21 Chestnut Street is one of the best preserved Italianate houses in Wakefield, Massachusetts. It was built c. 1855 to a design by local architect John Stevens, and was home for many years to local historian Ruth Woodbury. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. Title: Ceolwald of Wessex Passage: Ceolwald of Wessex was a member of the House of Wessex (see House of Wessex family tree). Although a member of the direct male line from Cynric to Egbert, Ceolwald was never king. His birth and death dates are unknown. Title: James McBean Residence Passage: The James McBean Residence is a house in Rochester, Minnesota designed by Frank Lloyd Wright. This Usonian house is an example of the second type (Prefab #2) of the Marshall Erdman Prefab Houses. This house and the Walter Rudin House have the same floor plan and vary only in minor details such as paint color and siting, because they are the only two Prefab #2 houses in existence.	[ "Come 2 My House", "The Palmer House Hilton", "Taka Boom" ]
2hop__342640_56026	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Also again in 2017, departing from the colonial - era tradition of presenting the Union Budget on the last working day of February, Minister of Finance (India) Arun Jaitley, in the NDA government (led by Bharatiya Janata Party) of Narendra Modi government announced that it will now be presented on 1 February. Additionally Rail Budget, presented separately for 92 Years, merged with union budget.", "title": "Union budget of India" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gopinath Pandurang Munde (12 December 1949 – 3 June 2014) was an Indian politician from Maharashtra. And most popular Leader in Maharashtra called as a 'Lokneta'. He was a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj in Narendra Modi's Cabinet, Four Number in Seniority Ranking which, however, was short-lived due to his death in a road accident. He was a member of Maharashtra's Legislative Assembly (MLA) for five terms during 1980–1985 and 1990–2009. He was also the leader of opposition in the Assembly during 1992–1995.", "title": "Gopinath Munde" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He served as Colombia's Minister of Economic Planning from 2000 to 2002 and held the position of Dean of Economics at the University of the Andes from 2002-2006. He was appointed finance minister by Colombia's President-elect Juan Manuel Santos on June 22, 2010.", "title": "Juan Carlos Echeverry (politician)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh (Himachal Pradesh Mukhya Mantri) Incumbent Jai Ram Thakur since 27 December 2017 Residence Oakover, Shimla Appointer Governor of Himachal Pradesh Inaugural holder Yashwant Singh Parmar Formation 8 March 1952", "title": "List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Treasury is one of the departments of the South African government. The Treasury manages national economic policy, prepares the South African government's annual budget and manages the government's finances. Along with the South African Revenue Service and Statistics South Africa, the Treasury falls within the portfolio of the Minister of Finance. Throughout the course of President Jacob Zuma's second administration, the ministry has undergone several changes. Most notably, Nhlanhla Nene was suddenly dismissed on 9 December 2015, without explanation, and replaced with a relatively unknown parliamentary back - bencher from the ruling ANC's caucus, David 'Des' van Rooyen for a record - total of 3 days. He was, in turn, replaced by Pravin Gordhan after the President faced significant pressure from political and business groups over the move. On 30 March 2017 Jacob Zuma axed Pravin Gordhan and appoint Malusi Gigaba as a Finance Minister. Following Zuma's resignation, President Cyril Ramaphosa returned Nhlanhla Nene as Minister in his cabinet reshuffle on 26 February 2018.", "title": "National Treasury (South Africa)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Avraham Shochat (, born 14 June 1936) is an Israeli former politician who twice served as Minister of Finance. He served as mayor of Arad for twenty years.", "title": "Avraham Shochat" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis-Lucien Klotz (11 January 1868 – 15 June 1930) was a French journalist and politician. He was the French Minister of Finance during World War I.", "title": "Louis-Lucien Klotz" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gopinath Kallianpur (1925–2015) was an Indian American mathematician and statistician who became the first director of the Indian Statistical Institute (1976–79) under its new Memorandum of Association. During his tenure as the director the new centre of ISI at Bangalore, Karnataka was founded.", "title": "Gopinath Kallianpur" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Michel Audet (born November 12, 1940) is an economist and a politician in Quebec, Canada. He was the Finance Minister of Quebec in the first Charest government.", "title": "Michel Audet" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emmanuel Kasonde (December 23, 1935 – December 12, 2008) was a Zambian economist and politician who served as the Finance permanent secretary or Minister of Finance under three successive Zambian presidential administrations, including Kenneth Kaunda, Frederick Chiluba and Levy Mwanawasa.", "title": "Emmanuel Kasonde" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bruno Le Maire (born 15 April 1969) is a French politician and former diplomat serving as Minister of the Economy and Finance since 2017. He previously served as Secretary of State for European Affairs from 2008 to 2009 and Minister of Food, Agriculture and Fishing from 2009 to 2012.", "title": "Bruno Le Maire" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David (Daudi) Mwiraria (3 September 1938 – 13 April 2017) was the Minister for Environment and Natural Resources previously Finance Minister of Kenya until December 2007 when Kenya held its General Elections. Running for re election on a Party of National Unity ticket, defending his seat as Member of parliament for North Imenti Constituency, he was defeated by Silas Muriuki, who was running on a Mazingira Green Party of Kenya ticket.", "title": "David Mwiraria" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first Finance Minister of independent India was R.K. Shanmukham Chetty, who also presented its first Budget. The incumbent Arun Jaitley, of the Bharatiya Janata Party, has held office since 26 May 2014. As of September 2017, Morarji Desai has presented 10 budgets which is the highest followed by P Chidambaram's 9 and Pranab Mukherjee's 8. Yashwant Sinha, Yashwantrao Chavan and C.D. Deshmukh have presented 7 budgets each while Manmohan Singh and T.T. Krishnamachari have presented 6 budgets. As of February 2018, four Finance Ministers have gone on to become the Prime Minister who are: Morarji Desai, Charan Singh, V.P. Singh and Manmohan Singh.", "title": "Minister of Finance (India)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ivan Pilip (born 4 August 1963 in Prague) is a Czech politician and economist who was Finance Minister from June 1997 to July 1998, after having been the Minister of Education, Youth and Sport from 1994 to 1997.", "title": "Ivan Pilip" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sudhir Mungantiwar (born July 30, 1962) is Indian politician from the state of Maharashtra, India. He currently serves as the Cabinet Minister of the Finance & Planning and Forests departments in the Government of Maharashtra, in office since October 2014. Previously, he was the Maharashtra State President for Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2010 to 2013 and the Minister of Tourism and Consumer Protection in the Government of Maharashtra from 1995 to 1999.", "title": "Sudhir Mungantiwar" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Per Stig Møller is the son of the former Finance Minister Poul Møller and journalist Lis Møller, who were both Members of Parliament.", "title": "Per Stig Møller" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Leslie Delatour (1950–2001) was a Haitian economist who served as governor of the Bank of Haiti and Haiti's finance minister.", "title": "Leslie Delatour" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louis Germain-Martin (7 November 1872, Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loire – 4 October 1948, Paris) was an Independent Radical French politician. He was Minister of Post and Telecommunications in the government of André Tardieu, and later a Budget Minister, before serving three times as Finance minister for much of the first half of the 1930s.", "title": "Louis Germain-Martin" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "António Sebastião Spínola (Machico, Porto da Cruz, 13 July 1875 – Machico, Porto da Cruz, 19 March 1956) was an Inspector General of Finances and Chief of Cabinet of the Finance Minister Professor Oliveira Salazar and afterwards of Finance Minister Professor João Pinto da Costa Leite, 4th Conde de Lumbrales, Councilor and Administrator of the \"Fundação da Casa de Bragança\", etc.", "title": "António Sebastião Spínola" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abdessalam Jalloud () (born 15 December 1944) was Prime Minister of Libya from 16 July 1972 to 2 March 1977, during the government of Muammar Gaddafi. He was also Minister of Finance from 1970 until 1972.", "title": "Abdessalam Jalloud" } ]	In 2017 who was the finance minister in the state where Gopinath Munde lived?	Sudhir Mungantiwar	[]	Title: Per Stig Møller Passage: Per Stig Møller is the son of the former Finance Minister Poul Møller and journalist Lis Møller, who were both Members of Parliament. Title: Union budget of India Passage: Also again in 2017, departing from the colonial - era tradition of presenting the Union Budget on the last working day of February, Minister of Finance (India) Arun Jaitley, in the NDA government (led by Bharatiya Janata Party) of Narendra Modi government announced that it will now be presented on 1 February. Additionally Rail Budget, presented separately for 92 Years, merged with union budget. Title: António Sebastião Spínola Passage: António Sebastião Spínola (Machico, Porto da Cruz, 13 July 1875 – Machico, Porto da Cruz, 19 March 1956) was an Inspector General of Finances and Chief of Cabinet of the Finance Minister Professor Oliveira Salazar and afterwards of Finance Minister Professor João Pinto da Costa Leite, 4th Conde de Lumbrales, Councilor and Administrator of the "Fundação da Casa de Bragança", etc. Title: Louis-Lucien Klotz Passage: Louis-Lucien Klotz (11 January 1868 – 15 June 1930) was a French journalist and politician. He was the French Minister of Finance during World War I. Title: Louis Germain-Martin Passage: Louis Germain-Martin (7 November 1872, Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loire – 4 October 1948, Paris) was an Independent Radical French politician. He was Minister of Post and Telecommunications in the government of André Tardieu, and later a Budget Minister, before serving three times as Finance minister for much of the first half of the 1930s. Title: List of chief ministers of Himachal Pradesh Passage: Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh (Himachal Pradesh Mukhya Mantri) Incumbent Jai Ram Thakur since 27 December 2017 Residence Oakover, Shimla Appointer Governor of Himachal Pradesh Inaugural holder Yashwant Singh Parmar Formation 8 March 1952 Title: Gopinath Munde Passage: Gopinath Pandurang Munde (12 December 1949 – 3 June 2014) was an Indian politician from Maharashtra. And most popular Leader in Maharashtra called as a 'Lokneta'. He was a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Union Minister for Rural Development and Panchayati Raj in Narendra Modi's Cabinet, Four Number in Seniority Ranking which, however, was short-lived due to his death in a road accident. He was a member of Maharashtra's Legislative Assembly (MLA) for five terms during 1980–1985 and 1990–2009. He was also the leader of opposition in the Assembly during 1992–1995. Title: Sudhir Mungantiwar Passage: Sudhir Mungantiwar (born July 30, 1962) is Indian politician from the state of Maharashtra, India. He currently serves as the Cabinet Minister of the Finance & Planning and Forests departments in the Government of Maharashtra, in office since October 2014. Previously, he was the Maharashtra State President for Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2010 to 2013 and the Minister of Tourism and Consumer Protection in the Government of Maharashtra from 1995 to 1999. Title: Ivan Pilip Passage: Ivan Pilip (born 4 August 1963 in Prague) is a Czech politician and economist who was Finance Minister from June 1997 to July 1998, after having been the Minister of Education, Youth and Sport from 1994 to 1997. Title: Juan Carlos Echeverry (politician) Passage: He served as Colombia's Minister of Economic Planning from 2000 to 2002 and held the position of Dean of Economics at the University of the Andes from 2002-2006. He was appointed finance minister by Colombia's President-elect Juan Manuel Santos on June 22, 2010. Title: Gopinath Kallianpur Passage: Gopinath Kallianpur (1925–2015) was an Indian American mathematician and statistician who became the first director of the Indian Statistical Institute (1976–79) under its new Memorandum of Association. During his tenure as the director the new centre of ISI at Bangalore, Karnataka was founded. Title: Minister of Finance (India) Passage: The first Finance Minister of independent India was R.K. Shanmukham Chetty, who also presented its first Budget. The incumbent Arun Jaitley, of the Bharatiya Janata Party, has held office since 26 May 2014. As of September 2017, Morarji Desai has presented 10 budgets which is the highest followed by P Chidambaram's 9 and Pranab Mukherjee's 8. Yashwant Sinha, Yashwantrao Chavan and C.D. Deshmukh have presented 7 budgets each while Manmohan Singh and T.T. Krishnamachari have presented 6 budgets. As of February 2018, four Finance Ministers have gone on to become the Prime Minister who are: Morarji Desai, Charan Singh, V.P. Singh and Manmohan Singh. Title: Abdessalam Jalloud Passage: Abdessalam Jalloud () (born 15 December 1944) was Prime Minister of Libya from 16 July 1972 to 2 March 1977, during the government of Muammar Gaddafi. He was also Minister of Finance from 1970 until 1972. Title: National Treasury (South Africa) Passage: The National Treasury is one of the departments of the South African government. The Treasury manages national economic policy, prepares the South African government's annual budget and manages the government's finances. Along with the South African Revenue Service and Statistics South Africa, the Treasury falls within the portfolio of the Minister of Finance. Throughout the course of President Jacob Zuma's second administration, the ministry has undergone several changes. Most notably, Nhlanhla Nene was suddenly dismissed on 9 December 2015, without explanation, and replaced with a relatively unknown parliamentary back - bencher from the ruling ANC's caucus, David 'Des' van Rooyen for a record - total of 3 days. He was, in turn, replaced by Pravin Gordhan after the President faced significant pressure from political and business groups over the move. On 30 March 2017 Jacob Zuma axed Pravin Gordhan and appoint Malusi Gigaba as a Finance Minister. Following Zuma's resignation, President Cyril Ramaphosa returned Nhlanhla Nene as Minister in his cabinet reshuffle on 26 February 2018. Title: Emmanuel Kasonde Passage: Emmanuel Kasonde (December 23, 1935 – December 12, 2008) was a Zambian economist and politician who served as the Finance permanent secretary or Minister of Finance under three successive Zambian presidential administrations, including Kenneth Kaunda, Frederick Chiluba and Levy Mwanawasa. Title: Bruno Le Maire Passage: Bruno Le Maire (born 15 April 1969) is a French politician and former diplomat serving as Minister of the Economy and Finance since 2017. He previously served as Secretary of State for European Affairs from 2008 to 2009 and Minister of Food, Agriculture and Fishing from 2009 to 2012. Title: David Mwiraria Passage: David (Daudi) Mwiraria (3 September 1938 – 13 April 2017) was the Minister for Environment and Natural Resources previously Finance Minister of Kenya until December 2007 when Kenya held its General Elections. Running for re election on a Party of National Unity ticket, defending his seat as Member of parliament for North Imenti Constituency, he was defeated by Silas Muriuki, who was running on a Mazingira Green Party of Kenya ticket.	[ "Gopinath Munde", "Sudhir Mungantiwar" ]
2hop__155319_609442	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oriskany Creek is a river in New York, United States. It rises in Madison County and flows northeastward, primarily through Oneida County. Oriskany Creek is a tributary of the Mohawk River and therefore part of the Hudson River watershed.", "title": "Oriskany Creek" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Della Pia Glacier () is a glacier that descends the east slope of Craddock Massif and flows between Mount Mohl and Elfring Peak into Thomas Glacier in the Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica.", "title": "Della Pia Glacier" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Creasy Creek is a tributary of Nescopeck Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Dennison Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of . The creek ranges from very slightly acidic to very slightly alkaline. It is considered to be a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery (although it was a Coldwater Fishery in the past) and Class A Wild Trout Waters. Creasy Creek has one named tributary and at least one unnamed tributary.", "title": "Creasy Creek" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Range Creek, rising in the Book Cliffs in Emery County, Utah, is a high tributary of the Colorado River. It flows into the Green River, a major tributary of the Colorado. The creek flows year around.", "title": "Range Creek" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wards River rises within Kyle Range of the Great Dividing Range, near Waukivory, south southeast of Gloucester, and flows generally west and south, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its confluence with Mammy Johnsons River at the locale of Johnsons Creek, north of Stroud. The river descends over its course.", "title": "Wards River" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrigetch Peaks are a cluster of rugged granite spires in the Endicott Mountains of the central Brooks Range in northern Alaska. The name \"Arrigetch\" means 'fingers of the outstretched hand' in the Inupiat language. The peaks ring the glacial cirques at the head of the Kobuk River and 2 tributaries of the Alatna River: Arrigetch Creek and Aiyagomahala Creek (Creek 4662). They are located at latitude 67 degrees 24' N and longitude 154 degrees 10' W. All of the summits of the peaks are around 6,000 ft, 1825 m elevation. The Arrigetch Peaks area was designated as a National Natural Landmark in 1968 for its spectacular geography.", "title": "Arrigetch Peaks" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roush Creek Falls is a steep cascade in North Cascades National Park, Washington, U.S. Glacial melt waters from Eldorado Glacier flow south creating Roush Creek. Not far from its origination, Roush Creek flows over Roush Creek Falls, which at , is one of the tallest waterfalls in Washington.", "title": "Roush Creek Falls" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park.", "title": "Iide Mountains" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Leckie Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of Gun Lake between Leckie Creek and Slim Creek. It has an area of 78 km and is a subrange of the Chilcotin Ranges which in turn form part of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains.", "title": "Leckie Range (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chillisquaque Creek is a tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River in Montour County and Northumberland County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Derry Township, Washingtonville, and Liberty Township in Montour County and East Chillisquaque Township and West Chillisquaque Township in Northumberland County. The watershed of the creek has an area of . Agricultural impacts have caused most of the streams in the watershed of the creek (including the main stem) to be impaired. Causes of impairment include sedimentation/siltation and habitat alteration. The average annual discharge of the creek between 1980 and 2014 ranged from . Its watershed mainly consists of rolling agricultural land. The creek's channel flows through rock formations consisting of sandstone and shale. It is a warmwater stream.", "title": "Chillisquaque Creek" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Martis Creek is a northward-flowing stream originating on Sawtooth Ridge, west of the peak of Mount Pluto in Placer County, California, United States. After crossing into Nevada County, California, it is tributary to the Truckee River on the eastern side of Truckee.", "title": "Martis Creek" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donnellan Glacier () is a steep valley glacier fed by highland ice adjacent to Opalchenie Peak and Fukushima Peak on Vinson Plateau, the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The glacier flows west-southwestward from Opalchenie Peak along the northwest side of Mount Slaughter into Nimitz Glacier.", "title": "Donnellan Glacier" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roberts Mountains are located in central Nevada in the western United States. The mountains are found in Eureka County, east of the Simpson Park Mountains and west and southwest of the Sulphur Spring Range. The range reaches a peak at Roberts Creek Mountain at . Nevada State Route 278 passes the east margin of the range in Garden Valley and continues on about southeast to Eureka.", "title": "Roberts Mountains" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zapol Glacier () is a steep valley glacier draining the west slope of Vinson Massif south of Silverstein Peak and Príncipe de Asturias Peak, and descending between Tulaczyk Glacier and Donnellan Glacier in the Sentinel Range, Antarctica. The glacier flows southwestward and leaving the range joins Nimitz Glacier south of Hodges Knoll.", "title": "Zapol Glacier" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Namoi River rises on the western slopes of the Moonbi Range and Great Dividing Range, near Niangala, at the convergence of the Macdonald River and Boundary Creek, and flows generally west, joined by twenty-seven tributaries, including the Peel, Manilla and Mooki rivers, before reaching its confluence with the Barwon River, near Walgett.", "title": "Namoi River" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Catawissa Mountain is a mountain in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Its peak height is above sea level, making it the fifth-highest mountain in Columbia County. Streams that flow near the mountain include Roaring Creek, Catawissa Creek, and some of its tributaries. The mountain is near Nescopeck Mountain and Little Mountain. Sandstones and rock formations such as the Pocono Formation occur on Catawissa Mountain.", "title": "Catawissa Mountain" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abrams Creek is an tributary stream of Opequon Creek in Frederick County and the independent city of Winchester in Virginia. Abrams Creek rises north of Round Hill and flows in a southeasterly direction through Winchester. From Winchester, Abrams Creek flows east into Opequon Creek. The stream was originally known as Abraham's Creek.", "title": "Abrams Creek (Virginia)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Garfield Peak is a high mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located south-southwest (bearing 197°) of Independence Pass, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating San Isabel National Forest and Chaffee County from White River National Forest and Pitkin County. Garfield Peak was named in honor of James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States.", "title": "Garfield Peak (Colorado)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oley Creek is a tributary of Nescopeck Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long. It flows through Foster Township, Dennison Township, and Butler Township. Long Hollow is a tributary of the creek. The creek's watershed has an area of . It is a high-quality coldwater fishery in its upper reaches and a Class A Wild Trout Fishery for part of its distance. The creek is in the upper reaches of the Nescopeck Creek watershed. It is named after a community in Berks County, Pennsylvania known as Oley.", "title": "Oley Creek" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cairns Glacier () is a glacier on the west slope of Vinson Massif, Sentinel Range in Antarctica, situated between Branscomb Glacier and Tulaczyk Glacier. It flows along the northwest side of Brichebor Peak southwestwards, and leaving the range together with Tulaczyk Glacier joins Nimitz Glacier southeast of Klenova Peak.", "title": "Cairns Glacier" } ]	What range is Garfield Peak, in the state with a river by the same name that Range Creek flows into, part of?	Sawatch Range	[]	Title: Leckie Range (British Columbia) Passage: The Leckie Range is a small mountain range in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located northwest of Gun Lake between Leckie Creek and Slim Creek. It has an area of 78 km and is a subrange of the Chilcotin Ranges which in turn form part of the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains. Title: Abrams Creek (Virginia) Passage: Abrams Creek is an tributary stream of Opequon Creek in Frederick County and the independent city of Winchester in Virginia. Abrams Creek rises north of Round Hill and flows in a southeasterly direction through Winchester. From Winchester, Abrams Creek flows east into Opequon Creek. The stream was originally known as Abraham's Creek. Title: Donnellan Glacier Passage: Donnellan Glacier () is a steep valley glacier fed by highland ice adjacent to Opalchenie Peak and Fukushima Peak on Vinson Plateau, the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The glacier flows west-southwestward from Opalchenie Peak along the northwest side of Mount Slaughter into Nimitz Glacier. Title: Garfield Peak (Colorado) Passage: Garfield Peak is a high mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located south-southwest (bearing 197°) of Independence Pass, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating San Isabel National Forest and Chaffee County from White River National Forest and Pitkin County. Garfield Peak was named in honor of James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States. Title: Oley Creek Passage: Oley Creek is a tributary of Nescopeck Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long. It flows through Foster Township, Dennison Township, and Butler Township. Long Hollow is a tributary of the creek. The creek's watershed has an area of . It is a high-quality coldwater fishery in its upper reaches and a Class A Wild Trout Fishery for part of its distance. The creek is in the upper reaches of the Nescopeck Creek watershed. It is named after a community in Berks County, Pennsylvania known as Oley. Title: Roberts Mountains Passage: The Roberts Mountains are located in central Nevada in the western United States. The mountains are found in Eureka County, east of the Simpson Park Mountains and west and southwest of the Sulphur Spring Range. The range reaches a peak at Roberts Creek Mountain at . Nevada State Route 278 passes the east margin of the range in Garden Valley and continues on about southeast to Eureka. Title: Catawissa Mountain Passage: Catawissa Mountain is a mountain in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Its peak height is above sea level, making it the fifth-highest mountain in Columbia County. Streams that flow near the mountain include Roaring Creek, Catawissa Creek, and some of its tributaries. The mountain is near Nescopeck Mountain and Little Mountain. Sandstones and rock formations such as the Pocono Formation occur on Catawissa Mountain. Title: Namoi River Passage: The Namoi River rises on the western slopes of the Moonbi Range and Great Dividing Range, near Niangala, at the convergence of the Macdonald River and Boundary Creek, and flows generally west, joined by twenty-seven tributaries, including the Peel, Manilla and Mooki rivers, before reaching its confluence with the Barwon River, near Walgett. Title: Iide Mountains Passage: The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park. Title: Range Creek Passage: Range Creek, rising in the Book Cliffs in Emery County, Utah, is a high tributary of the Colorado River. It flows into the Green River, a major tributary of the Colorado. The creek flows year around. Title: Roush Creek Falls Passage: Roush Creek Falls is a steep cascade in North Cascades National Park, Washington, U.S. Glacial melt waters from Eldorado Glacier flow south creating Roush Creek. Not far from its origination, Roush Creek flows over Roush Creek Falls, which at , is one of the tallest waterfalls in Washington. Title: Chillisquaque Creek Passage: Chillisquaque Creek is a tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River in Montour County and Northumberland County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Derry Township, Washingtonville, and Liberty Township in Montour County and East Chillisquaque Township and West Chillisquaque Township in Northumberland County. The watershed of the creek has an area of . Agricultural impacts have caused most of the streams in the watershed of the creek (including the main stem) to be impaired. Causes of impairment include sedimentation/siltation and habitat alteration. The average annual discharge of the creek between 1980 and 2014 ranged from . Its watershed mainly consists of rolling agricultural land. The creek's channel flows through rock formations consisting of sandstone and shale. It is a warmwater stream. Title: Oriskany Creek Passage: Oriskany Creek is a river in New York, United States. It rises in Madison County and flows northeastward, primarily through Oneida County. Oriskany Creek is a tributary of the Mohawk River and therefore part of the Hudson River watershed. Title: Creasy Creek Passage: Creasy Creek is a tributary of Nescopeck Creek in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Dennison Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of . The creek ranges from very slightly acidic to very slightly alkaline. It is considered to be a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery (although it was a Coldwater Fishery in the past) and Class A Wild Trout Waters. Creasy Creek has one named tributary and at least one unnamed tributary. Title: Cairns Glacier Passage: Cairns Glacier () is a glacier on the west slope of Vinson Massif, Sentinel Range in Antarctica, situated between Branscomb Glacier and Tulaczyk Glacier. It flows along the northwest side of Brichebor Peak southwestwards, and leaving the range together with Tulaczyk Glacier joins Nimitz Glacier southeast of Klenova Peak. Title: Wards River Passage: Wards River rises within Kyle Range of the Great Dividing Range, near Waukivory, south southeast of Gloucester, and flows generally west and south, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its confluence with Mammy Johnsons River at the locale of Johnsons Creek, north of Stroud. The river descends over its course. Title: Martis Creek Passage: Martis Creek is a northward-flowing stream originating on Sawtooth Ridge, west of the peak of Mount Pluto in Placer County, California, United States. After crossing into Nevada County, California, it is tributary to the Truckee River on the eastern side of Truckee.	[ "Range Creek", "Garfield Peak (Colorado)" ]
2hop__494831_47314	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Strong Enough to Be Your Man\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in July 2002 as the first single from the album \"Strong Enough\". The song reached number 13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Strong Enough to Be Your Man" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tayler Adams (born 24 November 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays as a halfback. He represents Southland in the ITM Cup. He made his Southland debut in 2012, and his strong performances saw him named in the New Zealand national under-20 squad for the 2013 IRB Junior World Championship in France. Between 2015 and 2018 he played in Australia, initially in the NRC, and in 2018 for the Melbourne Rebels in Super Rugby.", "title": "Tayler Adams" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Stevens Model 77E was a pump-action shotgun offered in 12 gauge,16 gauge,20 gauge,28 gauge,and 410 gauge. The military version 77E was the most widely used shotgun of the Vietnam War. It was a short-barreled pump-action shotgun known variously as the \"trench\" or \"riot\" shotgun in 12 gauge. The Military Model 77E had a noticeably shorter stocks than similar United States military shotguns built by Ithaca Gun Company, Remington Arms, and Winchester Repeating Arms Company. These short stocks were intended to accommodate South Vietnamese soldiers, and the Military Model 77E was the first United States combat shotgun equipped with a rubber recoil pad. Military Model 77E shotguns were Parkerized with sling swivels and wooden stocks. Receivers were marked \"U.S.\" and \"p\" proofmarks appeared on both barrels and receivers.", "title": "Stevens Model 77E" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Remington Model 58 also Sportsman 58 is a semi-automatic shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms in the mid 20th century. It was Remington's first gas operated shotgun and was marketed alongside the recoil operated Model 11-48. The 58 was manufactured in 12, 16, & 20 gauge from 1956 to 1963 until it was replaced by the Model 1100.", "title": "Remington Model 58" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Remington Model 878, also sold in the 878A Automaster version, is a semi-automatic shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms in the mid 20th century. It is a gas operated shotgun and was marketed alongside the related Model 58 and the recoil operated Model 11-48semiautomatic shotguns.", "title": "Remington Model 878" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Ballad of Easy Rider\" is a song written by Roger McGuinn, with input from Bob Dylan (although Dylan is not credited as a co-writer), for the 1969 film, \"Easy Rider\". The song was initially released in August 1969 on the \"Easy Rider\" soundtrack album as a Roger McGuinn solo performance. It was later issued in an alternate version as a single by McGuinn's band the Byrds on October 1, 1969. The Byrds' single reached number 65 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and was issued in most international territories, although it was not released in the United Kingdom.", "title": "Ballad of Easy Rider" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ruger Red Label was an over and under shotgun that was built by Sturm, Ruger & Co. at the direction of William B. Ruger.", "title": "Ruger Red Label" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Me and Tennessee\" is a song written by Chris Martin and performed by Tim McGraw and Gwyneth Paltrow. It is included on the soundtrack to the 2010 film \"Country Strong\", in which the two star. It peaked at number 34 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and at number 63 on the UK Singles chart.", "title": "Me and Tennessee" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Armsel Striker was designed by an ex-Rhodesian national, Hilton R. Walker, in 1981. Walker subsequently emigrated to South Africa, bringing with him the design for the Striker shotgun. His shotgun became a success, and was exported to various parts of the world. Even though it was successful, the shotgun still had its flaws. The rotary cylinder-type magazine was bulky, had a long reload time, and the basic action was not without certain flaws.Walker redesigned his weapon in 1989, removing the cylinder rotation mechanism, and adding an auto cartridge ejection system. The new shotgun was named the Protecta.A copy of the Striker was made by the US gunmaker Cobray and marketed as the SWD Street Sweeper from 1989 through 1993.", "title": "Armsel Striker" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The series portrays the adventures of young Confederate Army veteran Johnny Yuma, an aspiring writer, played by Nick Adams. Haunted by his memories of the American Civil War, Yuma, in search of inner peace, roams the American West, specifically the Texas Hill Country and the South Texas Plains. He keeps a journal of his adventures and fights injustice where he finds it with a revolver and his dead father's sawed - off double - barreled shotgun.", "title": "The Rebel (TV series)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``(Ghost) Riders in the Sky: A Cowboy Legend ''is a cowboy - styled country / western song written in 1948 by American songwriter, film and television actor Stan Jones.", "title": "(Ghost) Riders in the Sky: A Cowboy Legend" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Shotgun Rider\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released on September 8, 2014 as the third single from his second studio album for Big Machine Records, \"Sundown Heaven Town\". The song was written by Marv Green, Hillary Lindsey, and Troy Verges.", "title": "Shotgun Rider" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tobin Arms was a firearms company started in 1905 in Norwich, Connecticut, United States. It produced side-by-side and double-barrel shotguns in various grades. The company moved to Woodstock, Ontario, Canada in 1909 or 1910. It then made shotguns until 1925 before shutting down.", "title": "Tobin Arms" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks.", "title": "Gerald Nesbitt" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Caribbean Premier League Countries West Indies Administrator Cricket West Indies (CWI) Format Twenty20 First tournament 2013 Last tournament 2018 Next tournament 2019 Tournament format League and play offs Number of teams 6 Current champion Trinbago Knight Riders (3rd title) Most successful Trinbago Knight Riders (3 titles: 2015, 2017, 2018) Most runs Chris Gayle (2,111) Most wickets Dwayne John Bravo (97)", "title": "Caribbean Premier League" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gwyneth Paltrow as Kelly Canter Tim McGraw as James Canter Leighton Meester as Chiles Stanton Garrett Hedlund as Beau Hutton Marshall Chapman as Winnie Lari White as Hair Stylist Jeremy Childs as J.J. Jim Lauderdale as Kelly's Bandmate Amanda Shires as Kelly's Bandmate Chris Scruggs as Beau's Bandmate", "title": "Country Strong" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roger Perdrix (born June 17, 1943) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup in 1968, 1969, and 1973. He previously played college football at the University of Cincinnati.", "title": "Roger Perdrix" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A shotgun wedding is a wedding that is arranged to avoid embarrassment due to premarital sex possibly leading to an unintended pregnancy, rather than out of the desire of the participants. The phrase is an American colloquialism, though it is also used in other parts of the world, based on a supposed scenario that the father of the bride - to - be must resort to using coercion (such as threatening with a shotgun) to ensure that the man who possibly impregnated her follows through with the wedding.", "title": "Shotgun wedding" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The FN SLP (\"Self-Loading Police\") shotgun is a semi-automatic 12-gauge shotgun designed and manufactured by FN Herstal in Belgium. The SLP shotgun is gas-operated, and FN currently produces it in five different models: \"SLP Standard\", \"SLP Mark I\", \"SLP Tactical\", “SLP Competition” and \"SLP Mark I Tactical\". The SLP series was introduced in 2008, and was named \"2009 Shotgun of the Year\" by \"American Rifleman\" magazine.", "title": "FN SLP" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shearing the Rams is an 1890 painting by the Australian artist Tom Roberts. The painting depicts sheep shearers plying their trade in a timber shearing shed. Distinctly Australian in character, the painting is a celebration of pastoral life and work, especially \"strong, masculine labour\", and recognises the role that the wool industry played in the development of the country.", "title": "Shearing the Rams" } ]	Who does the performer of Shotgun Rider play in Country Strong?	James Canter	[]	Title: Shotgun wedding Passage: A shotgun wedding is a wedding that is arranged to avoid embarrassment due to premarital sex possibly leading to an unintended pregnancy, rather than out of the desire of the participants. The phrase is an American colloquialism, though it is also used in other parts of the world, based on a supposed scenario that the father of the bride - to - be must resort to using coercion (such as threatening with a shotgun) to ensure that the man who possibly impregnated her follows through with the wedding. Title: Remington Model 878 Passage: The Remington Model 878, also sold in the 878A Automaster version, is a semi-automatic shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms in the mid 20th century. It is a gas operated shotgun and was marketed alongside the related Model 58 and the recoil operated Model 11-48semiautomatic shotguns. Title: Remington Model 58 Passage: The Remington Model 58 also Sportsman 58 is a semi-automatic shotgun manufactured by Remington Arms in the mid 20th century. It was Remington's first gas operated shotgun and was marketed alongside the recoil operated Model 11-48. The 58 was manufactured in 12, 16, & 20 gauge from 1956 to 1963 until it was replaced by the Model 1100. Title: Shearing the Rams Passage: Shearing the Rams is an 1890 painting by the Australian artist Tom Roberts. The painting depicts sheep shearers plying their trade in a timber shearing shed. Distinctly Australian in character, the painting is a celebration of pastoral life and work, especially "strong, masculine labour", and recognises the role that the wool industry played in the development of the country. Title: Me and Tennessee Passage: "Me and Tennessee" is a song written by Chris Martin and performed by Tim McGraw and Gwyneth Paltrow. It is included on the soundtrack to the 2010 film "Country Strong", in which the two star. It peaked at number 34 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart and at number 63 on the UK Singles chart. Title: Gerald Nesbitt Passage: Gerald Nesbitt (born June 8, 1932) was a Canadian football player who played for the Ottawa Rough Riders. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1960. He played college football for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks. Title: Shotgun Rider Passage: "Shotgun Rider" is a song recorded by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released on September 8, 2014 as the third single from his second studio album for Big Machine Records, "Sundown Heaven Town". The song was written by Marv Green, Hillary Lindsey, and Troy Verges. Title: Country Strong Passage: Gwyneth Paltrow as Kelly Canter Tim McGraw as James Canter Leighton Meester as Chiles Stanton Garrett Hedlund as Beau Hutton Marshall Chapman as Winnie Lari White as Hair Stylist Jeremy Childs as J.J. Jim Lauderdale as Kelly's Bandmate Amanda Shires as Kelly's Bandmate Chris Scruggs as Beau's Bandmate Title: Ballad of Easy Rider Passage: "Ballad of Easy Rider" is a song written by Roger McGuinn, with input from Bob Dylan (although Dylan is not credited as a co-writer), for the 1969 film, "Easy Rider". The song was initially released in August 1969 on the "Easy Rider" soundtrack album as a Roger McGuinn solo performance. It was later issued in an alternate version as a single by McGuinn's band the Byrds on October 1, 1969. The Byrds' single reached number 65 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and was issued in most international territories, although it was not released in the United Kingdom. Title: Stevens Model 77E Passage: The Stevens Model 77E was a pump-action shotgun offered in 12 gauge,16 gauge,20 gauge,28 gauge,and 410 gauge. The military version 77E was the most widely used shotgun of the Vietnam War. It was a short-barreled pump-action shotgun known variously as the "trench" or "riot" shotgun in 12 gauge. The Military Model 77E had a noticeably shorter stocks than similar United States military shotguns built by Ithaca Gun Company, Remington Arms, and Winchester Repeating Arms Company. These short stocks were intended to accommodate South Vietnamese soldiers, and the Military Model 77E was the first United States combat shotgun equipped with a rubber recoil pad. Military Model 77E shotguns were Parkerized with sling swivels and wooden stocks. Receivers were marked "U.S." and "p" proofmarks appeared on both barrels and receivers. Title: Caribbean Premier League Passage: Caribbean Premier League Countries West Indies Administrator Cricket West Indies (CWI) Format Twenty20 First tournament 2013 Last tournament 2018 Next tournament 2019 Tournament format League and play offs Number of teams 6 Current champion Trinbago Knight Riders (3rd title) Most successful Trinbago Knight Riders (3 titles: 2015, 2017, 2018) Most runs Chris Gayle (2,111) Most wickets Dwayne John Bravo (97) Title: Strong Enough to Be Your Man Passage: "Strong Enough to Be Your Man" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in July 2002 as the first single from the album "Strong Enough". The song reached number 13 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Armsel Striker Passage: The Armsel Striker was designed by an ex-Rhodesian national, Hilton R. Walker, in 1981. Walker subsequently emigrated to South Africa, bringing with him the design for the Striker shotgun. His shotgun became a success, and was exported to various parts of the world. Even though it was successful, the shotgun still had its flaws. The rotary cylinder-type magazine was bulky, had a long reload time, and the basic action was not without certain flaws.Walker redesigned his weapon in 1989, removing the cylinder rotation mechanism, and adding an auto cartridge ejection system. The new shotgun was named the Protecta.A copy of the Striker was made by the US gunmaker Cobray and marketed as the SWD Street Sweeper from 1989 through 1993. Title: Tayler Adams Passage: Tayler Adams (born 24 November 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays as a halfback. He represents Southland in the ITM Cup. He made his Southland debut in 2012, and his strong performances saw him named in the New Zealand national under-20 squad for the 2013 IRB Junior World Championship in France. Between 2015 and 2018 he played in Australia, initially in the NRC, and in 2018 for the Melbourne Rebels in Super Rugby. Title: Tobin Arms Passage: Tobin Arms was a firearms company started in 1905 in Norwich, Connecticut, United States. It produced side-by-side and double-barrel shotguns in various grades. The company moved to Woodstock, Ontario, Canada in 1909 or 1910. It then made shotguns until 1925 before shutting down. Title: The Rebel (TV series) Passage: The series portrays the adventures of young Confederate Army veteran Johnny Yuma, an aspiring writer, played by Nick Adams. Haunted by his memories of the American Civil War, Yuma, in search of inner peace, roams the American West, specifically the Texas Hill Country and the South Texas Plains. He keeps a journal of his adventures and fights injustice where he finds it with a revolver and his dead father's sawed - off double - barreled shotgun. Title: FN SLP Passage: The FN SLP ("Self-Loading Police") shotgun is a semi-automatic 12-gauge shotgun designed and manufactured by FN Herstal in Belgium. The SLP shotgun is gas-operated, and FN currently produces it in five different models: "SLP Standard", "SLP Mark I", "SLP Tactical", “SLP Competition” and "SLP Mark I Tactical". The SLP series was introduced in 2008, and was named "2009 Shotgun of the Year" by "American Rifleman" magazine.	[ "Shotgun Rider", "Country Strong" ]
2hop__310676_185893	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Douré, Burkina Faso is a village in the Zimtenga Department of Bam Province in northern-central Burkina Faso. It has a population of 466.", "title": "Douré, Burkina Faso" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tinkiro-Lobi is a village in the Dolo Department of Bougouriba Province in south western Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 189.", "title": "Tinkiro-Lobi" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Douré, Zorgho is a village in the Zorgho Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 843.", "title": "Douré, Zorgho" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.", "title": "Foreign direct investment" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Douré, Doulougou is a village in the Doulougou Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 658.", "title": "Douré, Doulougou" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like:", "title": "Clear Water Bay Country Park" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" } ]	What department is Doure part of in the country Tinkiro-Lobi is located in?	Zimtenga Department	[]	Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Douré, Burkina Faso Passage: Douré, Burkina Faso is a village in the Zimtenga Department of Bam Province in northern-central Burkina Faso. It has a population of 466. Title: Tinkiro-Lobi Passage: Tinkiro-Lobi is a village in the Dolo Department of Bougouriba Province in south western Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 189. Title: Foreign direct investment Passage: A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Title: Douré, Zorgho Passage: Douré, Zorgho is a village in the Zorgho Department of Ganzourgou Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 843. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Visa requirements for Thai citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Douré, Doulougou Passage: Douré, Doulougou is a village in the Doulougou Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 658.	[ "Douré, Burkina Faso", "Tinkiro-Lobi" ]
3hop2__29467_132239_73594	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India made many requisitions to the Salazar regime of Portugal to grant their Indian colonies independence, but when that failed, on 18 December 1961, Indian troops crossed the border into Goa and ``liberated ''it. Operation Vijay involved sustained land, sea and air strikes for more than thirty - six hours; it resulted in the unconditional surrender of Portuguese forces on 19 December. A United Nations resolution`` condemning'' the invasion was proposed by the United States and the United Kingdom in the United Nations Security Council, but would be vetoed by the USSR. The territory of Goa was under military rule for five months. However, the previous civil service was soon restored. Goan voters went to the polls in a referendum and voted to become an autonomous, federally administered territory. Goa was later admitted Indian statehood in 1987. Goa celebrates ``Liberation Day ''on 19 December every year, which is also a state holiday.", "title": "History of Goa" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Goa Gajah, or Elephant Cave, is located on the island of Bali near Ubud, in Indonesia. Built in the 9th century, it served as a sanctuary.", "title": "Goa Gajah" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ausonia Montes is a mountain in the Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle of Mars, at 25.42° south latitude and 99.04° east longitude. It is across and was named after an albedo feature name.", "title": "Ausonia Montes" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The S / 4HANA launch took place on February 3, 2015 at the New York Stock Exchange. The event introduced cloud and on premises editions, and launched the on - premises edition. Availability of the cloud edition followed at SAPPHIRE NOW (SAP's annual customer conference) on May 6, 2015 in Orlando, Florida.", "title": "SAP S/4HANA" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Claude Alvares is an Indian environmentalist based in Goa, India. He is the editor of the Other India Press publication based in India. The Director of the Goa Foundation, an environmental monitoring action group, Claude Alvares got his PhD from the Technische Hogeschool, Eindhoven, in the Netherlands, in 1976. He lives at Parra, Goa with his wife Padma Sri Norma Alvares, an environmental lawyer and three children, Rahul, Samir and Milind.", "title": "Claude Alvares" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan (``Mars - craft '', from Sanskrit: मंगल mangala,`` Mars'' and यान yāna, ``craft, vehicle ''), is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has also become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt.", "title": "Mars Orbiter Mission" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nilosyrtis Mensae is an area of Mars in the Casius quadrangle. It is centered on the coordinates of 36.87° N and 67.9° E. Its western and eastern longitudes are 51.1° E and 74.4° E. North and south latitudes are 36.87° N and 29.61° N. Nilosyrtis Mensae is just to the east of Protonilus Mensae and both lie along the Martian dichotomy boundary. Its name was adapted by the IAU in 1973. It was named after a classical albedo feature, and it is across.", "title": "Nilosyrtis Mensae" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ausonia Mensa is a mensa in the Hellas quadrangle of Mars, located at 30.3° S and 262.3° W. It is 103 km across and was named after an albedo feature name. The term \"Mensa\" is used for a flat-topped prominence with cliff-like edges. Ausonia Mensa has many small channels. Some features look like alluvial fans. These channels add to the mass of evidence that water once flowed on Mars. Images of curved channels have been seen in images from Mars spacecraft dating back to the early seventies with the Mariner 9 orbiter.", "title": "Ausonia Mensa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mars 2M No.522 was launched at 10:33:00 UTC on 2 April 1969 atop a Proton-K 8K78K carrier rocket with a Blok D upper stage, flying from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81/24. One of the first stage engines caught fire almost immediately at liftoff. The remaining engines managed to compensate for about 30 seconds of flight, but the thrust section fire eventually resulted in loss of control. The Proton pitched over and began flying horizontally before ground controllers sent a manual shutoff command. The vehicle nosedived into the ground just outside the launch complex 41 seconds after launch. Subsequent examination found that a missing drain plug allowed nitrogen tetroxide to leak out and start a fire.", "title": "Mars 2M No.522" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014.", "title": "Mars Orbiter Mission" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled \"Yajiro\"). Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. They were hard workers and respectful of authority. In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse.", "title": "Samurai" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Goa is one of two districts that comprises the state of Goa in West India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by the district of North Goa to the north, the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast.", "title": "South Goa district" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Capri Mensa is a mesa in the Coprates quadrangle of Mars at 14° south latitude and 47.4° west longitude. It is about 275 km long and was named after a classical albedo feature name.", "title": "Capri Mensa" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 39th International Film Festival of India was held in Panaji, Goa from 22 November 2008 to 1 December 2008.", "title": "39th International Film Festival of India" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Curtorim is a town in the Salcette taluka of South Goa district in Goa, India. Curtorim, a verdant agrarian village, known as the ‘granary of Salcete’, is said to have got its name from either \"kuddtari\" or \"kuddtoddi\" since the agricultural village had \"kudds\" (rooms) built on the river bank (\"toddir\") to store kharif and rabi crops.", "title": "Curtorim" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Goa, Daman, and Diu was a union territory of India from 19 December 1961 to 30 May 1987. The union territory comprised the present - day state of Goa and the two small coastal enclaves of Daman and Diu on the coast of Gujarat. The territory, along with Dadra and Nagar Haveli, comprised Portuguese India. The territory was incorporated into India after the Annexation of Portuguese India in 1961.", "title": "Goa, Daman and Diu" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Assheton Sturgeon (November 22, 1916 – July 22, 2005) was founder of the American branch of Mensa and the older brother of noted American science fiction writer Theodore Sturgeon.", "title": "Peter A. Sturgeon" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Kosmos-2I 63SM carrier rocket was used to launch Kosmos 176 from Site 133/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 17:00 UTC on 12 September 1967, and resulted in Kosmos 176's successful deployment into Low earth orbit.", "title": "Kosmos 176" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Protonilus Mensae is an area of Mars in the Ismenius Lacus quadrangle. It is centered on the coordinates of 43.86° N and 49.4° E. Its western and eastern longitudes are 37° E and 59.7° E. North and south latitudes are 47.06° N and 39.87° N. Protonilus Mensae is between Deuteronilus Mensae and Nilosyrtis Mensae; all lie along the Martian dichotomy boundary. Its name was adapted by the IAU in 1973.", "title": "Protonilus Mensae" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The new ₹2000 banknote is a 66 mm × 166 mm magenta coloured note, with the obverse side featuring a portrait of Mahatma Gandhi, the Ashoka Pillar Emblem, and the signature of Reserve Bank of India Governor. It has Braille print on it, to assist the visually challenged in identifying the currency. The reverse side features a motif of the Mangalyaan, representing India's first interplanetary space mission, and the logo and tag line for Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.", "title": "Indian 2000-rupee note" } ]	The probe sent to the planet with Ausonia Mensa by nationals of the country with Goa launched on what?	a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25	[ "PSLV", "Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle" ]	Title: Curtorim Passage: Curtorim is a town in the Salcette taluka of South Goa district in Goa, India. Curtorim, a verdant agrarian village, known as the ‘granary of Salcete’, is said to have got its name from either "kuddtari" or "kuddtoddi" since the agricultural village had "kudds" (rooms) built on the river bank ("toddir") to store kharif and rabi crops. Title: History of Goa Passage: India made many requisitions to the Salazar regime of Portugal to grant their Indian colonies independence, but when that failed, on 18 December 1961, Indian troops crossed the border into Goa and ``liberated ''it. Operation Vijay involved sustained land, sea and air strikes for more than thirty - six hours; it resulted in the unconditional surrender of Portuguese forces on 19 December. A United Nations resolution`` condemning'' the invasion was proposed by the United States and the United Kingdom in the United Nations Security Council, but would be vetoed by the USSR. The territory of Goa was under military rule for five months. However, the previous civil service was soon restored. Goan voters went to the polls in a referendum and voted to become an autonomous, federally administered territory. Goa was later admitted Indian statehood in 1987. Goa celebrates ``Liberation Day ''on 19 December every year, which is also a state holiday. Title: Nilosyrtis Mensae Passage: Nilosyrtis Mensae is an area of Mars in the Casius quadrangle. It is centered on the coordinates of 36.87° N and 67.9° E. Its western and eastern longitudes are 51.1° E and 74.4° E. North and south latitudes are 36.87° N and 29.61° N. Nilosyrtis Mensae is just to the east of Protonilus Mensae and both lie along the Martian dichotomy boundary. Its name was adapted by the IAU in 1973. It was named after a classical albedo feature, and it is across. Title: Kosmos 176 Passage: A Kosmos-2I 63SM carrier rocket was used to launch Kosmos 176 from Site 133/1 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 17:00 UTC on 12 September 1967, and resulted in Kosmos 176's successful deployment into Low earth orbit. Title: Ausonia Mensa Passage: Ausonia Mensa is a mensa in the Hellas quadrangle of Mars, located at 30.3° S and 262.3° W. It is 103 km across and was named after an albedo feature name. The term "Mensa" is used for a flat-topped prominence with cliff-like edges. Ausonia Mensa has many small channels. Some features look like alluvial fans. These channels add to the mass of evidence that water once flowed on Mars. Images of curved channels have been seen in images from Mars spacecraft dating back to the early seventies with the Mariner 9 orbiter. Title: Mars Orbiter Mission Passage: The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. Title: Goa, Daman and Diu Passage: Goa, Daman, and Diu was a union territory of India from 19 December 1961 to 30 May 1987. The union territory comprised the present - day state of Goa and the two small coastal enclaves of Daman and Diu on the coast of Gujarat. The territory, along with Dadra and Nagar Haveli, comprised Portuguese India. The territory was incorporated into India after the Annexation of Portuguese India in 1961. Title: Peter A. Sturgeon Passage: Peter Assheton Sturgeon (November 22, 1916 – July 22, 2005) was founder of the American branch of Mensa and the older brother of noted American science fiction writer Theodore Sturgeon. Title: Samurai Passage: In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled "Yajiro"). Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. They were hard workers and respectful of authority. In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse. Title: Goa Gajah Passage: Goa Gajah, or Elephant Cave, is located on the island of Bali near Ubud, in Indonesia. Built in the 9th century, it served as a sanctuary. Title: Indian 2000-rupee note Passage: The new ₹2000 banknote is a 66 mm × 166 mm magenta coloured note, with the obverse side featuring a portrait of Mahatma Gandhi, the Ashoka Pillar Emblem, and the signature of Reserve Bank of India Governor. It has Braille print on it, to assist the visually challenged in identifying the currency. The reverse side features a motif of the Mangalyaan, representing India's first interplanetary space mission, and the logo and tag line for Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Title: Capri Mensa Passage: Capri Mensa is a mesa in the Coprates quadrangle of Mars at 14° south latitude and 47.4° west longitude. It is about 275 km long and was named after a classical albedo feature name. Title: 39th International Film Festival of India Passage: The 39th International Film Festival of India was held in Panaji, Goa from 22 November 2008 to 1 December 2008. Title: Mars Orbiter Mission Passage: The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan (``Mars - craft '', from Sanskrit: मंगल mangala,`` Mars'' and यान yāna, ``craft, vehicle ''), is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is India's first interplanetary mission and ISRO has also become the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency. It is the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its first attempt. Title: Ausonia Montes Passage: Ausonia Montes is a mountain in the Mare Tyrrhenum quadrangle of Mars, at 25.42° south latitude and 99.04° east longitude. It is across and was named after an albedo feature name. Title: South Goa district Passage: South Goa is one of two districts that comprises the state of Goa in West India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by the district of North Goa to the north, the Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. Title: SAP S/4HANA Passage: The S / 4HANA launch took place on February 3, 2015 at the New York Stock Exchange. The event introduced cloud and on premises editions, and launched the on - premises edition. Availability of the cloud edition followed at SAPPHIRE NOW (SAP's annual customer conference) on May 6, 2015 in Orlando, Florida.	[ "Ausonia Mensa", "Mars Orbiter Mission", "Samurai" ]
2hop__101799_23140	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California.", "title": "Economy of Texas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Growth in a Time of Debt, also known by its authors' names as Reinhart–Rogoff, is an economics paper by American economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff published in a non peer-reviewed issue of the \"American Economic Review\" in 2010. Politicians, commentators, and activists widely cited the paper in political debates over the effectiveness of austerity in fiscal policy for debt-burdened economies. The paper argues that when \"gross external debt reaches 60 percent of GDP\", a country's annual growth declined by two percent, and \"for levels of external debt in excess of 90 percent\" GDP growth was \"roughly cut in half.\" Appearing in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the evidence for the 90%-debt threshold hypothesis provided support for pro-austerity policies.", "title": "Growth in a Time of Debt" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico.", "title": "Chihuahua (state)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.4 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion).", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belgium was the first continental European country to undergo the Industrial Revolution, in the early 19th century. Liège and Charleroi rapidly developed mining and steelmaking, which flourished until the mid-20th century in the Sambre and Meuse valley and made Belgium among one of the three most industrialized nations in the world from 1830 to 1910. However, by the 1840s the textile industry of Flanders was in severe crisis, and the region experienced famine from 1846 to 1850.After World War II, Ghent and Antwerp experienced a rapid expansion of the chemical and petroleum industries. The 1973 and 1979 oil crises sent the economy into a recession; it was particularly prolonged in Wallonia, where the steel industry had become less competitive and experienced serious decline. In the 1980s and 1990s, the economic center of the country continued to shift northwards and is now concentrated in the populous Flemish Diamond area.By the end of the 1980s, Belgian macroeconomic policies had resulted in a cumulative government debt of about 120% of GDP. As of 2006, the budget was balanced and public debt was equal to 90.30% of GDP. In 2005 and 2006, real GDP growth rates of 1.5% and 3.0%, respectively, were slightly above the average for the Euro area. Unemployment rates of 8.4% in 2005 and 8.2% in 2006 were close to the area average. By October 2010, this had grown to 8.5% compared to an average rate of 9.6% for the European Union as a whole (EU 27). From 1832 until 2002, Belgium's currency was the Belgian franc. Belgium switched to the euro in 2002, with the first sets of euro coins being minted in 1999. The standard Belgian euro coins designated for circulation show the portrait of the monarch (first King Albert II, since 2013 King Philippe).", "title": "Belgium" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of Q1 (the first quarter of) 2015, UK government debt amounted to £1.56 trillion, or 81.58% of total GDP, at which time the annual cost of servicing (paying the interest) the public debt amounted to around £43 billion (which is roughly 3% of GDP or 8% of UK government tax income). Approximately a third of this debt is owned by the British government due to the Bank of England's quantitative easing programme, so approximately 1 / 3 of the cost of servicing the debt is paid by the government to itself, reducing the annual servicing cost to approximately £30 billion (approx 2% of GDP, approx 5% of UK government tax income).", "title": "United Kingdom national debt" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Massimo Baistrocchi (August 17, 1942 – January 22, 2012) was an Italian writer, artist, freelance journalist and diplomat who served as Italy's Ambassador to Namibia from 2001 to 2004, as well as Ambassador to Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, and Benin.", "title": "Massimo Baistrocchi" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to Der Spiegel, credits given to European governments were disguised as \"swaps\" and consequently did not get registered as debt because Eurostat at the time ignored statistics involving financial derivatives. A German derivatives dealer had commented to Der Spiegel that \"The Maastricht rules can be circumvented quite legally through swaps,\" and \"In previous years, Italy used a similar trick to mask its true debt with the help of a different US bank.\" These conditions had enabled Greek as well as many other European governments to spend beyond their means, while meeting the deficit targets of the European Union and the monetary union guidelines. In May 2010, the Greek government deficit was again revised and estimated to be 13.6% which was the second highest in the world relative to GDP with Iceland in first place at 15.7% and Great Britain third with 12.6%. Public debt was forecast, according to some estimates, to hit 120% of GDP during 2010.", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canadian government debt, commonly called the ``public debt ''or the`` national debt'', is the amount of money owed by the Government of Canada to holders of Canadian Treasury security. In 2013, this number stood at CAD $1.2 trillion across federal and provincial governments. With the total GDP somewhere around CAD $1.8 trillion, Canada's overall debt / GDP ratio is around 66%. ``Gross debt ''is the national debt plus intragovernmental debt obligations or debt held by trust funds. Types of securities sold by the government include treasury bills, notes, bonds, Real Return Bonds, Canada Savings Bonds, and provincial government securities.", "title": "Canadian public debt" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 18 June 2012, the ECB in total had spent €212.1bn (equal to 2.2% of the Eurozone GDP) for bond purchases covering outright debt, as part of its Securities Markets Programme (SMP) running since May 2010. On 6 September 2012, the ECB announced a new plan for buying bonds from eurozone countries. The duration of the previous SMP was temporary, while the Outright Monetary Transactions (OMT) programme has no ex-ante time or size limit. On 4 September 2014, the bank went further by announcing it would buy bonds and other debt instruments primarily from banks in a bid to boost the availability of credit for businesses.", "title": "European Central Bank" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is an underdeveloped mixed economy. It is the world's seventh - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. The long - term growth prospective of the Indian economy is positive due to its young population, corresponding low dependency ratio, healthy savings and investment rates, and increasing integration into the global economy.", "title": "Economy of India" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 7, 2016, debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76% of the previous 12 months of GDP. Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion, giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106% of the previous 12 months of GDP; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016.", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of the United States public debt started with federal government debt incurred during the American Revolutionary War by the first U.S treasurer, Michael Hillegas, after its formation in 1789. The United States has continuously had a fluctuating public debt since then, except for about a year during 1835 -- 1836. To allow comparisons over the years, public debt is often expressed as a ratio to gross domestic product (GDP). Historically, the United States public debt as a share of GDP has increased during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined.", "title": "History of the United States public debt" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States has a capitalist mixed economy which is fueled by abundant natural resources and high productivity. According to the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. GDP of $16.8 trillion constitutes 24% of the gross world product at market exchange rates and over 19% of the gross world product at purchasing power parity (PPP).The nominal GDP of the U.S. is estimated to be $17.528 trillion as of 2014. From 1983 to 2008, U.S. real compounded annual GDP growth was 3.3%, compared to a 2.3% weighted average for the rest of the G7. The country ranks ninth in the world in nominal GDP per capita according to the United Nations (first in the Americas) and sixth in GDP per capita at PPP. The U.S. dollar is the world's primary reserve currency.The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. In 2010, the total U.S. trade deficit was $635 billion. Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are its top trading partners. In 2010, oil was the largest import commodity, while transportation equipment was the country's largest export. Japan is the largest foreign holder of U.S. public debt. The largest holder of the U.S. debt are American entities, including federal government accounts and the Federal Reserve, who hold the majority of the debt.", "title": "United States" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next \"BRIC-like\" economies. It is also listed among the \"Next Eleven\" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fiscal year Total debt Total debt as% of GDP Public debt Public debt as% of GDP GDP ($billions) 1910 2.65 / - 8.1% 2.65 8.1% est. 32.8 1920 25.95 / - 29.2% 25.95 29.2% est. 88.6 1927 18.51 / - 19.2% 18.51 19.2% est. 96.5 1930 16.19 / - 16.6% 16.19 16.6% est. 97.4 1940 42.97 / 50.70 43.8 -- 51.6% 42.77 43.6% - / 98.2 1950 257.3 / 256.9 92.0% 219.0 78.4% 279.0 1960 286.3 / 290.5 53.6 -- 54.2% 236.8 44.3% 535.1 1970 370.9 / 380.9 35.4 -- 36.4% 283.2 27.0% 1,049 1980 907.7 / 909.0 32.4 -- 32.6% 711.9 25.5% 2,796 1990 3,233 / 3,206 54.2 -- 54.6% 2,400 40.8% 5,915 2000 5,659 55.8% 3,450 33.9% 10,150 2001 5,792 54.8% 3,350 31.6% 10,550 2002 6,213 57.1% 3,550 32.7% 10,900 2003 6,783 59.9% 3,900 34.6% 11,350 7,379 61.0% 4,300 35.6% 12,100 2005 7,918 61.4% 4,600 35.7% 12,900 2006 8,493 62.1% 4,850 35.4% 13,700 2007 8,993 62.8% 5,050 35.3% 14,300 2008 10,011 67.9% 5,800 39.4% 14,750 2009 11,898 82.5% 7,550 52.4% 14,400 13,551 91.6% 9,000 61.0% 14,800 2011 14,781 96.1% 10,150 65.8% 15,400 2012 16,059 100.2% 11,250 70.3% 16,050 2013 16,732 101.3% 12,000 72.6% 16,500 2014 17,810 103.4% 12,800 74.2% 17,200 2015 18,138 101.3 / 101.8% 13,100 73.3% 17,900 2016 (Oct. '15 -- Jul.' 16 only) ~ 19,428 ~ 106.1% ~ 13,998 ~ 76.5%", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel has one of the highest ratios of defense spending to GDP of all developed countries, only topped by Oman and Saudi Arabia. In 1984, for example, the country spent 24% of its GDP on defense. By 2006, that figure had dropped to 7.3%. Israel is one of the world's largest arms exporters, and was ranked fourth in the world for weapons exports in 2007. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. Since 1967, the United States has been a particularly notable foreign contributor of military aid to Israel: the US is expected to provide the country with $3.15 billion per year from 2013 to 2018. Israel is consistently rated low in the Global Peace Index, ranking 148th out of 162 nations for peacefulness in 2015.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis.", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For most of human history higher material living standards – full stomachs, access to clean water and warmth from fuel – led to better health and longer lives. This pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still holds among poorer countries, where life expectancy increases rapidly as per capita income increases, but in recent decades it has slowed down among middle income countries and plateaued among the richest thirty or so countries in the world. Americans live no longer on average (about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders (78), though the USA has a higher GDP per capita. Life expectancy in Sweden (80 years) and Japan (82) – where income was more equally distributed – was longer.", "title": "Economic inequality" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For FY 2010, Department of Defense spending amounts to 4.7% of GDP. Because the U.S. GDP has risen over time, the military budget can rise in absolute terms while shrinking as a percentage of the GDP. For example, the Department of Defense budget is slated to be $664 billion in 2010 (including the cost of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan previously funded through supplementary budget legislation), higher than at any other point in American history, but still 1.1 -- 1.4% lower as a percentage of GDP than the amount spent on military during the peak of Cold - War military spending in the late 1980s. Admiral Mike Mullen, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has called four percent an ``absolute floor ''. This calculation does not take into account some other military - related non-DOD spending, such as Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security, and interest paid on debt incurred in past wars, which has increased even as a percentage of the national GDP.", "title": "Military budget of the United States" } ]	What is the debt-to-GDP ratio in the country where Massimo Baistrocchi lived?	11 percent	[]	Title: Belgium Passage: Belgium was the first continental European country to undergo the Industrial Revolution, in the early 19th century. Liège and Charleroi rapidly developed mining and steelmaking, which flourished until the mid-20th century in the Sambre and Meuse valley and made Belgium among one of the three most industrialized nations in the world from 1830 to 1910. However, by the 1840s the textile industry of Flanders was in severe crisis, and the region experienced famine from 1846 to 1850.After World War II, Ghent and Antwerp experienced a rapid expansion of the chemical and petroleum industries. The 1973 and 1979 oil crises sent the economy into a recession; it was particularly prolonged in Wallonia, where the steel industry had become less competitive and experienced serious decline. In the 1980s and 1990s, the economic center of the country continued to shift northwards and is now concentrated in the populous Flemish Diamond area.By the end of the 1980s, Belgian macroeconomic policies had resulted in a cumulative government debt of about 120% of GDP. As of 2006, the budget was balanced and public debt was equal to 90.30% of GDP. In 2005 and 2006, real GDP growth rates of 1.5% and 3.0%, respectively, were slightly above the average for the Euro area. Unemployment rates of 8.4% in 2005 and 8.2% in 2006 were close to the area average. By October 2010, this had grown to 8.5% compared to an average rate of 9.6% for the European Union as a whole (EU 27). From 1832 until 2002, Belgium's currency was the Belgian franc. Belgium switched to the euro in 2002, with the first sets of euro coins being minted in 1999. The standard Belgian euro coins designated for circulation show the portrait of the monarch (first King Albert II, since 2013 King Philippe). Title: Military budget of the United States Passage: For FY 2010, Department of Defense spending amounts to 4.7% of GDP. Because the U.S. GDP has risen over time, the military budget can rise in absolute terms while shrinking as a percentage of the GDP. For example, the Department of Defense budget is slated to be $664 billion in 2010 (including the cost of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan previously funded through supplementary budget legislation), higher than at any other point in American history, but still 1.1 -- 1.4% lower as a percentage of GDP than the amount spent on military during the peak of Cold - War military spending in the late 1980s. Admiral Mike Mullen, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has called four percent an ``absolute floor ''. This calculation does not take into account some other military - related non-DOD spending, such as Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security, and interest paid on debt incurred in past wars, which has increased even as a percentage of the national GDP. Title: National debt of the United States Passage: As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.4 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion). Title: Massimo Baistrocchi Passage: Massimo Baistrocchi (August 17, 1942 – January 22, 2012) was an Italian writer, artist, freelance journalist and diplomat who served as Italy's Ambassador to Namibia from 2001 to 2004, as well as Ambassador to Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, and Benin. Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico. Title: Economy of India Passage: The economy of India is an underdeveloped mixed economy. It is the world's seventh - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. The long - term growth prospective of the Indian economy is positive due to its young population, corresponding low dependency ratio, healthy savings and investment rates, and increasing integration into the global economy. Title: Nigeria Passage: As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next "BRIC-like" economies. It is also listed among the "Next Eleven" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations. Title: Growth in a Time of Debt Passage: Growth in a Time of Debt, also known by its authors' names as Reinhart–Rogoff, is an economics paper by American economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff published in a non peer-reviewed issue of the "American Economic Review" in 2010. Politicians, commentators, and activists widely cited the paper in political debates over the effectiveness of austerity in fiscal policy for debt-burdened economies. The paper argues that when "gross external debt reaches 60 percent of GDP", a country's annual growth declined by two percent, and "for levels of external debt in excess of 90 percent" GDP growth was "roughly cut in half." Appearing in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the evidence for the 90%-debt threshold hypothesis provided support for pro-austerity policies. Title: National debt of the United States Passage: Fiscal year Total debt Total debt as% of GDP Public debt Public debt as% of GDP GDP ($billions) 1910 2.65 / - 8.1% 2.65 8.1% est. 32.8 1920 25.95 / - 29.2% 25.95 29.2% est. 88.6 1927 18.51 / - 19.2% 18.51 19.2% est. 96.5 1930 16.19 / - 16.6% 16.19 16.6% est. 97.4 1940 42.97 / 50.70 43.8 -- 51.6% 42.77 43.6% - / 98.2 1950 257.3 / 256.9 92.0% 219.0 78.4% 279.0 1960 286.3 / 290.5 53.6 -- 54.2% 236.8 44.3% 535.1 1970 370.9 / 380.9 35.4 -- 36.4% 283.2 27.0% 1,049 1980 907.7 / 909.0 32.4 -- 32.6% 711.9 25.5% 2,796 1990 3,233 / 3,206 54.2 -- 54.6% 2,400 40.8% 5,915 2000 5,659 55.8% 3,450 33.9% 10,150 2001 5,792 54.8% 3,350 31.6% 10,550 2002 6,213 57.1% 3,550 32.7% 10,900 2003 6,783 59.9% 3,900 34.6% 11,350 7,379 61.0% 4,300 35.6% 12,100 2005 7,918 61.4% 4,600 35.7% 12,900 2006 8,493 62.1% 4,850 35.4% 13,700 2007 8,993 62.8% 5,050 35.3% 14,300 2008 10,011 67.9% 5,800 39.4% 14,750 2009 11,898 82.5% 7,550 52.4% 14,400 13,551 91.6% 9,000 61.0% 14,800 2011 14,781 96.1% 10,150 65.8% 15,400 2012 16,059 100.2% 11,250 70.3% 16,050 2013 16,732 101.3% 12,000 72.6% 16,500 2014 17,810 103.4% 12,800 74.2% 17,200 2015 18,138 101.3 / 101.8% 13,100 73.3% 17,900 2016 (Oct. '15 -- Jul.' 16 only) ~ 19,428 ~ 106.1% ~ 13,998 ~ 76.5% Title: Economy of Greece Passage: According to Der Spiegel, credits given to European governments were disguised as "swaps" and consequently did not get registered as debt because Eurostat at the time ignored statistics involving financial derivatives. A German derivatives dealer had commented to Der Spiegel that "The Maastricht rules can be circumvented quite legally through swaps," and "In previous years, Italy used a similar trick to mask its true debt with the help of a different US bank." These conditions had enabled Greek as well as many other European governments to spend beyond their means, while meeting the deficit targets of the European Union and the monetary union guidelines. In May 2010, the Greek government deficit was again revised and estimated to be 13.6% which was the second highest in the world relative to GDP with Iceland in first place at 15.7% and Great Britain third with 12.6%. Public debt was forecast, according to some estimates, to hit 120% of GDP during 2010. Title: Canadian public debt Passage: The Canadian government debt, commonly called the ``public debt ''or the`` national debt'', is the amount of money owed by the Government of Canada to holders of Canadian Treasury security. In 2013, this number stood at CAD $1.2 trillion across federal and provincial governments. With the total GDP somewhere around CAD $1.8 trillion, Canada's overall debt / GDP ratio is around 66%. ``Gross debt ''is the national debt plus intragovernmental debt obligations or debt held by trust funds. Types of securities sold by the government include treasury bills, notes, bonds, Real Return Bonds, Canada Savings Bonds, and provincial government securities. Title: Economic inequality Passage: For most of human history higher material living standards – full stomachs, access to clean water and warmth from fuel – led to better health and longer lives. This pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still holds among poorer countries, where life expectancy increases rapidly as per capita income increases, but in recent decades it has slowed down among middle income countries and plateaued among the richest thirty or so countries in the world. Americans live no longer on average (about 77 years in 2004) than Greeks (78 years) or New Zealanders (78), though the USA has a higher GDP per capita. Life expectancy in Sweden (80 years) and Japan (82) – where income was more equally distributed – was longer. Title: Economy of Greece Passage: After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis. Title: National debt of the United States Passage: On November 7, 2016, debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76% of the previous 12 months of GDP. Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion, giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106% of the previous 12 months of GDP; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016. Title: United Kingdom national debt Passage: As of Q1 (the first quarter of) 2015, UK government debt amounted to £1.56 trillion, or 81.58% of total GDP, at which time the annual cost of servicing (paying the interest) the public debt amounted to around £43 billion (which is roughly 3% of GDP or 8% of UK government tax income). Approximately a third of this debt is owned by the British government due to the Bank of England's quantitative easing programme, so approximately 1 / 3 of the cost of servicing the debt is paid by the government to itself, reducing the annual servicing cost to approximately £30 billion (approx 2% of GDP, approx 5% of UK government tax income). Title: Israel Passage: Israel has one of the highest ratios of defense spending to GDP of all developed countries, only topped by Oman and Saudi Arabia. In 1984, for example, the country spent 24% of its GDP on defense. By 2006, that figure had dropped to 7.3%. Israel is one of the world's largest arms exporters, and was ranked fourth in the world for weapons exports in 2007. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. Since 1967, the United States has been a particularly notable foreign contributor of military aid to Israel: the US is expected to provide the country with $3.15 billion per year from 2013 to 2018. Israel is consistently rated low in the Global Peace Index, ranking 148th out of 162 nations for peacefulness in 2015. Title: United States Passage: The United States has a capitalist mixed economy which is fueled by abundant natural resources and high productivity. According to the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. GDP of $16.8 trillion constitutes 24% of the gross world product at market exchange rates and over 19% of the gross world product at purchasing power parity (PPP).The nominal GDP of the U.S. is estimated to be $17.528 trillion as of 2014. From 1983 to 2008, U.S. real compounded annual GDP growth was 3.3%, compared to a 2.3% weighted average for the rest of the G7. The country ranks ninth in the world in nominal GDP per capita according to the United Nations (first in the Americas) and sixth in GDP per capita at PPP. The U.S. dollar is the world's primary reserve currency.The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. In 2010, the total U.S. trade deficit was $635 billion. Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are its top trading partners. In 2010, oil was the largest import commodity, while transportation equipment was the country's largest export. Japan is the largest foreign holder of U.S. public debt. The largest holder of the U.S. debt are American entities, including federal government accounts and the Federal Reserve, who hold the majority of the debt.	[ "Massimo Baistrocchi", "Nigeria" ]
3hop1__545609_783837_87543	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place.", "title": "Prime Minister of Iraq" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first defence minister of independent India was Baldev Singh, who served in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet during 1947 -- 52. Nirmala Sitharaman, the current defence minister of India is the second woman since Indira Gandhi to hold this major post.", "title": "Minister of Defence (India)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician. She serves as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime Minister Manuel Valls, and under Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve.", "title": "Marisol Touraine" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State).", "title": "Prime Minister of the Bahamas" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 2 December 2004, he became the Prime Minister of Latvia. He was the prime minister of Latvia until his resignation on 5 December 2007.", "title": "Aigars Kalvītis" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 13 December 2007, Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare was toppled by a vote of no confidence in Parliament, following the defection of five ministers to the opposition. It was the first time a prime minister had lost office in this way in Solomon Islands. On 20 December, Parliament elected the opposition's candidate (and former Minister for Education) Derek Sikua as Prime Minister, in a vote of 32 to 15.", "title": "Solomon Islands" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maja Gojković (Serbian Cyrillic: Маја Гојковић; born 22 May 1963 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian politician and current President of the National Assembly of Serbia. She served as minister without portfolio and Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia under the Slobodan Milošević regime.", "title": "Maja Gojković" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.", "title": "List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tun Rahah binti Mohamed Noah (born 11 June 1933) is the widow of former Malaysian Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak and the mother of former Prime Minister Najib Razak. She is the daughter of Mohamad Noah Omar, former Speaker of the Dewan Rakyat.", "title": "Rahah Noah" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Janson was the father of future Prime Minister of Belgium Paul-Émile Janson and Marie Janson (later Spaak), first female member of the Belgian parliament, mother of Prime Minister Paul-Henri Spaak.", "title": "Paul Janson" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Everard Gonsalves (born 8 August 1946) is a Vincentian politician. He currently serves as the 4th Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and leader of the Unity Labour Party (ULP).", "title": "Ralph Gonsalves" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Good Governance Day (Hindi: सुशासन दिवस,; IAST: Suśāsan Divas) is observed in India annually on the twenty - fifth day of December, the birth anniversary of former - Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Good Governance Day was established in 2014 to honor Prime Minister Vajpayee by fostering awareness among the Indian people of accountability in government.", "title": "Good Governance Day" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rana Saddam Hussein () (born 1969) is the second-eldest daughter of the former President of Iraq, Saddam Hussein and his first wife, Sajida Talfah. Her older sister is Raghad and younger sister is Hala Hussein.", "title": "Rana Hussein" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current prime minister is Theresa May, who took office on 13 July 2016. She is the leader of the Conservative Party, which won a majority of seats in the House of Commons in the general election on 7 May 2015, when David Cameron was the party leader; although at the last general election she failed to secure a majority government. Prior to this, Cameron and the Conservatives led a coalition from 2010 to 2015 with the Liberal Democrats, in which Cameron was prime minister.", "title": "Government of the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Canada, a premier is the head of government of a province or territory. Though the word is merely a synonym for \"prime minister\", it is employed for provincial prime ministers to differentiate them from the Prime Minister of Canada. There are currently ten provincial premiers and three territorial premiers. These persons are styled \"The Honourable\" only while in office, unless they are admitted to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, in which case they retain the title even after leaving the premiership.", "title": "Premier (Canada)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "She was devastated by her husband's death and retired to Scotland. However, after a meeting with the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, she broke her retirement and resumed her public duties. Eventually she became just as busy as queen mother as she had been as queen consort. In July 1953, she undertook her first overseas visit since the funeral when she visited the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland with Princess Margaret. She laid the foundation stone of the University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland -- the current University of Zimbabwe.", "title": "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current Prime Minister is Mihai Tudose of the Social Democratic Party who was sworn in on 29 June 2017..", "title": "Prime Minister of Romania" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Uday Saddam Hussein al-Tikriti () (18 June 1964 – 22 July 2003) was the eldest child of Saddam Hussein by his first wife, Sajida Talfah, and the brother of Qusay Hussein. Uday was seen, for several years, as the likely successor to his father, but lost the place as heir apparent to Qusay due to injuries he sustained in an assassination attempt, his increasingly erratic behavior, and his troubled relationship with the family.", "title": "Uday Hussein" } ]	Who is currently prime minister of Qusay Hussein's mother's birthplace?	Haider al - Abadi	[]	Title: Solomon Islands Passage: On 13 December 2007, Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare was toppled by a vote of no confidence in Parliament, following the defection of five ministers to the opposition. It was the first time a prime minister had lost office in this way in Solomon Islands. On 20 December, Parliament elected the opposition's candidate (and former Minister for Education) Derek Sikua as Prime Minister, in a vote of 32 to 15. Title: Rana Hussein Passage: Rana Saddam Hussein () (born 1969) is the second-eldest daughter of the former President of Iraq, Saddam Hussein and his first wife, Sajida Talfah. Her older sister is Raghad and younger sister is Hala Hussein. Title: Maja Gojković Passage: Maja Gojković (Serbian Cyrillic: Маја Гојковић; born 22 May 1963 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian politician and current President of the National Assembly of Serbia. She served as minister without portfolio and Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia under the Slobodan Milošević regime. Title: Premier (Canada) Passage: In Canada, a premier is the head of government of a province or territory. Though the word is merely a synonym for "prime minister", it is employed for provincial prime ministers to differentiate them from the Prime Minister of Canada. There are currently ten provincial premiers and three territorial premiers. These persons are styled "The Honourable" only while in office, unless they are admitted to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada, in which case they retain the title even after leaving the premiership. Title: Good Governance Day Passage: Good Governance Day (Hindi: सुशासन दिवस,; IAST: Suśāsan Divas) is observed in India annually on the twenty - fifth day of December, the birth anniversary of former - Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Good Governance Day was established in 2014 to honor Prime Minister Vajpayee by fostering awareness among the Indian people of accountability in government. Title: Prime minister Passage: In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council. Title: Paul Janson Passage: Paul Janson was the father of future Prime Minister of Belgium Paul-Émile Janson and Marie Janson (later Spaak), first female member of the Belgian parliament, mother of Prime Minister Paul-Henri Spaak. Title: Estonia Passage: The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control. Title: Prime Minister of Romania Passage: The current Prime Minister is Mihai Tudose of the Social Democratic Party who was sworn in on 29 June 2017.. Title: Uday Hussein Passage: Uday Saddam Hussein al-Tikriti () (18 June 1964 – 22 July 2003) was the eldest child of Saddam Hussein by his first wife, Sajida Talfah, and the brother of Qusay Hussein. Uday was seen, for several years, as the likely successor to his father, but lost the place as heir apparent to Qusay due to injuries he sustained in an assassination attempt, his increasingly erratic behavior, and his troubled relationship with the family. Title: Government of the United Kingdom Passage: The current prime minister is Theresa May, who took office on 13 July 2016. She is the leader of the Conservative Party, which won a majority of seats in the House of Commons in the general election on 7 May 2015, when David Cameron was the party leader; although at the last general election she failed to secure a majority government. Prior to this, Cameron and the Conservatives led a coalition from 2010 to 2015 with the Liberal Democrats, in which Cameron was prime minister. Title: Aigars Kalvītis Passage: On 2 December 2004, he became the Prime Minister of Latvia. He was the prime minister of Latvia until his resignation on 5 December 2007. Title: Minister of Defence (India) Passage: The first defence minister of independent India was Baldev Singh, who served in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet during 1947 -- 52. Nirmala Sitharaman, the current defence minister of India is the second woman since Indira Gandhi to hold this major post. Title: Prime Minister of Iraq Passage: The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place. Title: Prime Minister of the Bahamas Passage: The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). Title: Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Passage: She was devastated by her husband's death and retired to Scotland. However, after a meeting with the Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, she broke her retirement and resumed her public duties. Eventually she became just as busy as queen mother as she had been as queen consort. In July 1953, she undertook her first overseas visit since the funeral when she visited the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland with Princess Margaret. She laid the foundation stone of the University College of Rhodesia and Nyasaland -- the current University of Zimbabwe. Title: List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II Passage: The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.	[ "Prime Minister of Iraq", "Rana Hussein", "Uday Hussein" ]
2hop__216333_162253	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Petrof Bay is a small bay on the west side of Kuiu Island in the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska, United States. It is located at and opens into the Chatham Strait.", "title": "Petrof Bay" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The standard opening has had two major revisions. The first was at the start of the second season when the entire sequence was reanimated to improve the quality and certain shots were changed generally to add characters who had been established in the first season. The second was a brand - new opening sequence produced in high - definition for the show's transition to that format beginning with ``Take My Life, Please ''in season 20. The new opening generally followed the sequence of the original opening with improved graphics, even more characters, and new jokes.", "title": "The Simpsons opening sequence" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, \"everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them\".", "title": "Hellenistic period" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lennon Glacier () is a glacier flowing southwest into the outer part of Lazarev Bay, in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1975–76, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1980 after BAS glaciologist Peter Wilfred Lennon, who worked on Alexander Island, 1974–76.", "title": "Lennon Glacier" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alexander Ramsey House is a historic house museum in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States; the former residence of Alexander Ramsey, who served as the first governor of Minnesota Territory and the second governor of the state of Minnesota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. It is also a contributing property to the Irvine Park Historic District.", "title": "Alexander Ramsey House" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The McArthurGlen Ashford Designer Outlet was designed by the Richard Rogers Partnership and engineers Buro Happold, and opened in March 2000. There are over 120 designer brands located at the shopping outlet.", "title": "Ashford Designer Outlet" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Jeffty Is Five\" is a fantasy short story by American author Harlan Ellison. It was first published in \"The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction\" in 1977, then was included in DAW's \"The 1978 Annual World's Best SF\" in 1978 and Ellison's short story collection \"Shatterday\" two years later. According to Ellison, it was partially inspired by a fragment of conversation that he mis-heard at a party at the home of actor Walter Koenig: \"How is Jeff?\" \"Jeff is fine. He's always fine,\" which he perceived as \"Jeff is five, he's always five.\" Additionally, Ellison based the character of Jeffty on Joshua Andrew Koenig, Walter's son. He declared:", "title": "Jeffty Is Five" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Koenig was born at St Petersburg, Russia where his father was a successful merchant. He grew up in Bonn. Koenig became interested in natural history at an early age and started to collect specimens.", "title": "Alexander Koenig" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Margaret Higgins Sanger (born Margaret Louise Higgins, September 14, 1879 -- September 6, 1966, also known as Margaret Sanger Slee) was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. Sanger popularized the term ``birth control '', opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.", "title": "Margaret Sanger" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ivan Alexander (Bulgarian: Иван Александър, transliterated Ivan Aleksandǎr; pronounced [iˈvan alɛkˈsandər]; original spelling: ІѠАНЪ АЛЄѮАНдРЪ), also sometimes Anglicized as John Alexander, ruled as Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1331 to 1371, during the Second Bulgarian Empire. The date of his birth is unknown. He died on 17 February 1371. The long reign of Ivan Alexander is considered a transitional period in Bulgarian medieval history. Ivan Alexander began his rule by dealing with internal problems and external threats from Bulgaria's neighbours, the Byzantine Empire and Serbia, as well as leading his empire into a period of economic recovery and cultural and religious renaissance.However, the emperor was later unable to cope with the mounting incursions of Ottoman forces, Hungarian invasions from the northwest and the Black Death. In an ill-fated attempt to combat these problems, he divided the country between his two sons, thus forcing it to face the imminent Ottoman conquest weakened and divided.", "title": "Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Because of its size and position as one of the first banks, PKO Bank Polski is still one of the best recognized and most valuable brands in Poland. Specialists from The Banker magazine estimated the value of Bank's brand at US$1 billion and in Rzeczpospolita \"Polish Brands 2010\" ranking its value was set at PLN 3.6 billion. In the 2011 edition of ranking \"The BrandFinance® Banking 500\" prepared by the British firm Brand Finance, which includes the most valuable bank brands in the world, PKO Bank Polski brand was valued at US$1.480 billion. It gives PKO Bank Polski the 1st place in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe and 114th place in the world.", "title": "PKO Bank Polski" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Stahl House (also known as Case Study House #22) is a modernist-styled house designed by architect Pierre Koenig in the Hollywood Hills section of Los Angeles, California, which is known as a frequent set location in American films. Photographic and anecdotal evidence suggests that the architect's client, Buck Stahl, may have provided an inspiration for the overall structure. In 2013 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Stahl House" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European telegraph line stretching over 11,000 km from London to Calcutta.", "title": "Siemens" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Scottish Open (known as the Aberdeen Asset Management Scottish Open for sponsorship reasons) is a golf tournament on the European Tour. The 2016 event was won by Alexander Norén at Castle Stuart, northeast of Inverness.", "title": "Scottish Open (golf)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum is a literary museum in St Petersburg, Russia, dedicated to the poet Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966). It opened in 1989 on the centennial of Akhmatova's birth.", "title": "Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Kentucky Derby was the 136th running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 1, 2010, and was televised in the United States on the NBC television network. The post time was EDT ( UTC). The stakes of the race were US$2,185,200. The race was sponsored by Yum! Brands and hence officially was called Kentucky Derby Presented by Yum! Brands.", "title": "2010 Kentucky Derby" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines.", "title": "Eugster/Frismag" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first Eddie V's was opened in Austin, Texas in 2000 by Guy Villavaso and Larry Foles. In 2011, the brand was sold for $59 million cash to Darden Restaurants, Inc. and became a part of Darden's Specialty Restaurant Group.", "title": "Eddie V's Prime Seafood" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blue Dream is a drama film directed by Gregory Hatanaka. It stars James Duval, Dominique Swain, Pollyanna McIntosh, Kayden Kross, Noah Hathaway, and Walter Koenig and Sal Landi. It premiered at the SF Indiefest and Gold Coast Film Festival in Australia.", "title": "Blue Dream" } ]	When was the brand opened in Alexander Koenig's birthplace?	1855	[]	Title: Jeffty Is Five Passage: "Jeffty Is Five" is a fantasy short story by American author Harlan Ellison. It was first published in "The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction" in 1977, then was included in DAW's "The 1978 Annual World's Best SF" in 1978 and Ellison's short story collection "Shatterday" two years later. According to Ellison, it was partially inspired by a fragment of conversation that he mis-heard at a party at the home of actor Walter Koenig: "How is Jeff?" "Jeff is fine. He's always fine," which he perceived as "Jeff is five, he's always five." Additionally, Ellison based the character of Jeffty on Joshua Andrew Koenig, Walter's son. He declared: Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum Passage: The Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum is a literary museum in St Petersburg, Russia, dedicated to the poet Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966). It opened in 1989 on the centennial of Akhmatova's birth. Title: Eugster/Frismag Passage: Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines. Title: Alexander Koenig Passage: Koenig was born at St Petersburg, Russia where his father was a successful merchant. He grew up in Bonn. Koenig became interested in natural history at an early age and started to collect specimens. Title: Petrof Bay Passage: Petrof Bay is a small bay on the west side of Kuiu Island in the Alexander Archipelago in southeastern Alaska, United States. It is located at and opens into the Chatham Strait. Title: Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria Passage: Ivan Alexander (Bulgarian: Иван Александър, transliterated Ivan Aleksandǎr; pronounced [iˈvan alɛkˈsandər]; original spelling: ІѠАНЪ АЛЄѮАНдРЪ), also sometimes Anglicized as John Alexander, ruled as Emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria from 1331 to 1371, during the Second Bulgarian Empire. The date of his birth is unknown. He died on 17 February 1371. The long reign of Ivan Alexander is considered a transitional period in Bulgarian medieval history. Ivan Alexander began his rule by dealing with internal problems and external threats from Bulgaria's neighbours, the Byzantine Empire and Serbia, as well as leading his empire into a period of economic recovery and cultural and religious renaissance.However, the emperor was later unable to cope with the mounting incursions of Ottoman forces, Hungarian invasions from the northwest and the Black Death. In an ill-fated attempt to combat these problems, he divided the country between his two sons, thus forcing it to face the imminent Ottoman conquest weakened and divided. Title: Alexander Ramsey House Passage: The Alexander Ramsey House is a historic house museum in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States; the former residence of Alexander Ramsey, who served as the first governor of Minnesota Territory and the second governor of the state of Minnesota. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969. It is also a contributing property to the Irvine Park Historic District. Title: Ashford Designer Outlet Passage: The McArthurGlen Ashford Designer Outlet was designed by the Richard Rogers Partnership and engineers Buro Happold, and opened in March 2000. There are over 120 designer brands located at the shopping outlet. Title: PKO Bank Polski Passage: Because of its size and position as one of the first banks, PKO Bank Polski is still one of the best recognized and most valuable brands in Poland. Specialists from The Banker magazine estimated the value of Bank's brand at US$1 billion and in Rzeczpospolita "Polish Brands 2010" ranking its value was set at PLN 3.6 billion. In the 2011 edition of ranking "The BrandFinance® Banking 500" prepared by the British firm Brand Finance, which includes the most valuable bank brands in the world, PKO Bank Polski brand was valued at US$1.480 billion. It gives PKO Bank Polski the 1st place in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe and 114th place in the world. Title: Siemens Passage: Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on 12 October.In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later Sir William Siemens, started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European telegraph line stretching over 11,000 km from London to Calcutta. Title: Stahl House Passage: The Stahl House (also known as Case Study House #22) is a modernist-styled house designed by architect Pierre Koenig in the Hollywood Hills section of Los Angeles, California, which is known as a frequent set location in American films. Photographic and anecdotal evidence suggests that the architect's client, Buck Stahl, may have provided an inspiration for the overall structure. In 2013 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: Hellenistic period Passage: Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, "everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them". Title: Lennon Glacier Passage: Lennon Glacier () is a glacier flowing southwest into the outer part of Lazarev Bay, in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. It was surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1975–76, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1980 after BAS glaciologist Peter Wilfred Lennon, who worked on Alexander Island, 1974–76. Title: Eddie V's Prime Seafood Passage: The first Eddie V's was opened in Austin, Texas in 2000 by Guy Villavaso and Larry Foles. In 2011, the brand was sold for $59 million cash to Darden Restaurants, Inc. and became a part of Darden's Specialty Restaurant Group. Title: The Simpsons opening sequence Passage: The standard opening has had two major revisions. The first was at the start of the second season when the entire sequence was reanimated to improve the quality and certain shots were changed generally to add characters who had been established in the first season. The second was a brand - new opening sequence produced in high - definition for the show's transition to that format beginning with ``Take My Life, Please ''in season 20. The new opening generally followed the sequence of the original opening with improved graphics, even more characters, and new jokes. Title: Margaret Sanger Passage: Margaret Higgins Sanger (born Margaret Louise Higgins, September 14, 1879 -- September 6, 1966, also known as Margaret Sanger Slee) was an American birth control activist, sex educator, writer, and nurse. Sanger popularized the term ``birth control '', opened the first birth control clinic in the United States, and established organizations that evolved into the Planned Parenthood Federation of America.	[ "Alexander Koenig", "Siemens" ]
2hop__584324_162393	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Richardson Mountains are a mountain range located west of the mouth of the Mackenzie River in northern Yukon, Canada. They parallel the northernmost part of the boundary between Yukon and Northwest Territories.", "title": "Richardson Mountains" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin.", "title": "Storck Barracks" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.", "title": "Hockley, Texas" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Piedmont Hills High School is a comprehensive public four-year high school located in the Berryessa neighborhood of San Jose, California, USA. It is part of the East Side Union High School District and is the second highest performing school in the district, based on California's Academic Performance Index. It is currently a California Distinguished School and has received various awards in several aspects of its curriculum. Together with Independence High School and Yerba Buena High School, Piedmont Hills is one of a few schools in the district to have its own music program.", "title": "Piedmont Hills High School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island.", "title": "Norfolk Island" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olney is an unincorporated community in western Lincoln County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route O, approximately twelve miles northwest of Troy.", "title": "Olney, Missouri" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marquette is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 46 kilometers (29 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.", "title": "Marquette, Manitoba" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.", "title": "Woodlands, Manitoba" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.", "title": "Geographic center of the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.", "title": "Geographic center of the United States" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains.", "title": "Sowers, Texas" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin.", "title": "Eschwege Airfield" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.", "title": "Stanford University" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "High Hill is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Farm Road 2672, three miles northwest of Schulenburg, Texas.", "title": "High Hill, Texas" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.", "title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio.", "title": "Austin, Texas" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Berryessa Highlands is an unincorporated community in Napa County, California. It lies on the southeastern shore of Lake Berryessa. The Berryessa Highlands Development Company developed much of the community, and in 1981 still owned approximately 125 lots in the subdivision. It is surrounded by the Blue Ridge Berryessa Natural Area and Putah Creek State Wildlife Area is to the east. Of note is its church at Lake Berryessa.", "title": "Berryessa Highlands, California" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin.", "title": "Owensville, Texas" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Deninu School" } ]	How many miles northwest is Stanford from the city where the Berryessa neighborhood is located?	20 miles	[]	Title: Eschwege Airfield Passage: Eschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin. Title: Sowers, Texas Passage: Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains. Title: Hockley, Texas Passage: Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston. Title: Geographic center of the United States Passage: Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border. Title: Richardson Mountains Passage: The Richardson Mountains are a mountain range located west of the mouth of the Mackenzie River in northern Yukon, Canada. They parallel the northernmost part of the boundary between Yukon and Northwest Territories. Title: Owensville, Texas Passage: Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin. Title: Austin, Texas Passage: Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio. Title: Norfolk Island Passage: Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island. Title: Stanford University Passage: Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley. Title: Storck Barracks Passage: Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin. Title: Enterprise, Northwest Territories Passage: Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River. Title: Geographic center of the United States Passage: Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border. Title: Woodlands, Manitoba Passage: Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg. Title: Olney, Missouri Passage: Olney is an unincorporated community in western Lincoln County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route O, approximately twelve miles northwest of Troy. Title: Marquette, Manitoba Passage: Marquette is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 46 kilometers (29 miles) northwest of Winnipeg. Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Piedmont Hills High School Passage: Piedmont Hills High School is a comprehensive public four-year high school located in the Berryessa neighborhood of San Jose, California, USA. It is part of the East Side Union High School District and is the second highest performing school in the district, based on California's Academic Performance Index. It is currently a California Distinguished School and has received various awards in several aspects of its curriculum. Together with Independence High School and Yerba Buena High School, Piedmont Hills is one of a few schools in the district to have its own music program.	[ "Piedmont Hills High School", "Stanford University" ]
3hop1__812949_192919_127068	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nicholls is a city in Coffee County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,798 as of the 2010 census, up from 1,008 in 2000, due to counting of the Coffee County Correctional Facility population within the city limits. This facility is privately owned and operated by CoreCivic.", "title": "Nicholls, Georgia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fort Coffee is a town in Le Flore County, Oklahoma, United States. Originally constructed as a U. S. Army fort in 1834, it was named for U. S. General John Coffee, a veteran of the Seminole Wars. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 424 at the 2010 census, a gain of 2.9 percent from 412 at the 2000 census.", "title": "Fort Coffee, Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1983, the name again changed from Stewart Brothers Wet Whisker to Stewart Brothers Coffee. Shortly after, business began to expand, and new shops opened in Bellevue, Washington, and in Seattle's historic Pike Place Market a year later. In 1991, the company was renamed \"Seattle's Best Coffee\" after winning a local competition. Around 1995, Seattle's Best Coffee was purchased by a group of investors who own Torrefazione Italia. They formed a new company made up of both parties called Seattle Coffee Holdings. In 1997, Seattle Coffee Holdings changed its name to Seattle Coffee Company.", "title": "Seattle's Best Coffee" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Using a keyboard shortcut chosen by the user, Alfred provides a quick way to find and launch applications and files on the Mac or to search the web both with predefined keywords for often-used sites such as Amazon.com, IMDB, Wikipedia and many others, with the ability to add users' custom searches for the sites most applicable to them. In its free version it also serves as a calculator, spell-checker and a convenient interface for controlling the Mac with system commands.", "title": "Alfred (software)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China: The Rebirth of an Empire is an American documentary film directed by brothers Jesse and Jeremy Veverka that was released in 2010. The film examines China's economic and political rise in the context of its relationship with its neighbors and a declining United States. The film was named Best Documentary at the 2011 River Bend Film Festival, the 2010 Central Florida Film Festival, the 2010 Astoria/Long Island City Film Festival, and the 2010 Big Easy International Film Festival. It was reported that the film may have contributed to the Chinese government blocking access to the Internet Movie Database in early 2010 due to political censorship. The film features interviews with late Asia expert Chalmers Johnson.", "title": "China: The Rebirth of an Empire" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "AMC Launched October 1, 1984; 34 years ago (1984 - 10 - 01) Owned by AMC Networks Picture format 1080i HDTV (downscaled to 480i letterboxed for SDTVs) Slogan Something more. Country United States Language English Broadcast area Nationwide Headquarters New York City, New York, U.S. Formerly called American Movie Classics (1984 -- 2002) Sister channel (s) BBC America IFC Sundance TV We TV Website AMC.com Availability Satellite DirecTV Channel 254 Dish Network Channel 131 Bell TV Channel 293 (SD) Channel 1281 (HD) Shaw Direct Channel 293 and 609 (SD) Channel 130 and 364 (HD) IPTV AT&T U-verse Channel 119 (SD) Channel 1119 (HD) Bell Fibe TV Channel 339 (SD) Channel 1339 (HD) Optik TV Channel 303 (HD) Channel 9303 (VOD) Zazeen (Canada) Channel 85 (HD) VMedia (Canada) Channel 36 (HD) Streaming media Apple TV Internet Protocol television Sling TV Internet Protocol television PlayStation Vue Internet Protocol television YouTube TV Internet Protocol television", "title": "AMC (TV channel)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines.", "title": "Eugster/Frismag" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Still, very large companies dominate the business landscape. Four companies on the 2013 Fortune 500 list of the United States' largest companies, based on total revenue, are headquartered in Seattle: Internet retailer Amazon.com (#49), coffee chain Starbucks (#208), department store Nordstrom (#227), and freight forwarder Expeditors International of Washington (#428). Other Fortune 500 companies popularly associated with Seattle are based in nearby Puget Sound cities. Warehouse club chain Costco (#22), the largest retail company in Washington, is based in Issaquah. Microsoft (#35) is located in Redmond. Weyerhaeuser, the forest products company (#363), is based in Federal Way. Finally, Bellevue is home to truck manufacturer Paccar (#168). Other major companies in the area include Nintendo of America in Redmond, T-Mobile US in Bellevue, Expedia Inc. in Bellevue and Providence Health & Services — the state's largest health care system and fifth largest employer — in Renton. The city has a reputation for heavy coffee consumption; coffee companies founded or based in Seattle include Starbucks, Seattle's Best Coffee, and Tully's. There are also many successful independent artisanal espresso roasters and cafés.", "title": "Seattle" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amazon.com, Inc. Trading name Amazon Formerly Cadabra, Inc. (1994 -- 95) Type Public Traded as NASDAQ: AMZN NASDAQ - 100 component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US0231351067 Industry Online shopping Founded July 5, 1994; 24 years ago (1994 - 07 - 05) Founder Jeff Bezos Headquarters Seattle, Washington, U.S. Area served Worldwide Key people Jeff Bezos (Chairman, President & CEO) Werner Vogels (CTO) Products Amazon Appstore Amazon Echo Amazon Kindle Amazon Prime Amazon Video ComiXology Revenue US $177.86 billion (2017) Operating income US $4.106 billion (2017) Net income US $3.033 billion (2017) Total assets US $131.31 billion (2017) Total equity US $27.709 billion (2017) Number of employees 566,000 (2017) Subsidiaries A9.com AbeBooks Alexa Internet Amazon Books Amazon Game Studios Amazon Lab126 Amazon Publishing Amazon Robotics Amazon Studios Amazon Web Services Audible Inc. Body Labs Book Depository Digital Photography Review Goodreads Graphiq Internet Movie Database Ring Souq.com Twitch.tv Whole Foods Market Woot Zappos Website www.amazon.com", "title": "Amazon (company)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Starbucks Corporation Logo since 2011 Starbucks headquarters at Starbucks Center in Seattle, Washington Type Public Traded as NASDAQ: SBUX NASDAQ - 100 Component S&P 100 Component S&P 500 Component Industry Coffee shop Founded March 31, 1971; 47 years ago (1971 - 03 - 31) Pike Place Market, Elliott Bay, Seattle, Washington, U.S. Founders Jerry Baldwin Zev Siegl Gordon Bowker Headquarters 2401 Utah Avenue South, Seattle, Washington, U.S. Number of locations 28,218 (2018) Area served Worldwide Key people Myron E. Ullman (Chairman) Mellody Hobson (Vice Chairman) Kevin Johnson (President and CEO) Howard Schultz (Chairman Emeritus) Products Coffee beverages smoothies tea baked goods sandwiches Revenue US $22.387 billion (2017) Operating income US $4.135 billion (2017) Net income US $2.885 billion (2017) Total assets US $14.366 billion (2017) Total equity US $5.450 billion (2017) Number of employees 238,000 (2016) Subsidiaries Starbucks Coffee Company Ethos Water Evolution Fresh Hear Music La Boulange Bakery Seattle's Best Coffee Teavana Torrefazione Italia Website starbucks.com", "title": "Starbucks" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "BTC is the primary telecommunications provider for the Bahamas, headquartered in Nassau, New Providence. It is partly government owned and offers telephone, internet and wireless services.", "title": "BTC (Bahamas)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mstar, originally headquartered in Murray, Utah and later relocated to Orem, Utah, was a fiber optic internet service provider in the state of Utah, USA. Mstar provided Internet, telephone (VoIP) and television services (IPTV) via fiber optics. Mstar was a provider of services over municipally owned backbones, namely the Utah Telecommunication Open Infrastructure Agency (UTOPIA) and IProvo.", "title": "Mstar (Internet service provider)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Coffee and Cigarettes: Somewhere in California (also known as Coffee and Cigarettes III) is a 1993 black-and-white short film directed by writer/director Jim Jarmusch shot in Northern California. The film consists primarily of a conversation between musicians Tom Waits and Iggy Pop in a coffee shop. The film would later be included in the feature-length \"Coffee and Cigarettes\" released in 2003. The film won the Golden Palm at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival as best \"Short Film\".", "title": "Coffee and Cigarettes: Somewhere in California" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cooking Channel Launched May 31, 2010; 7 years ago (2010 - 05 - 31) Owned by Discovery Inc. Picture format 1080i (HDTV) Downgraded to letterboxed 480i for SDTV feed Slogan Stay Hungry. Headquarters Knoxville, Tennessee, US Replaced Fine Living Network Sister channel (s) American Heroes Channel Destination America Discovery Life DIY Network Food Network Great American Country HGTV Investigation Discovery TLC Travel Channel Website www.cookingchanneltv.com Availability Satellite DirecTV 232 Dish Network 113 Cable Verizon FiOS 663 (HD) 163 (SD) IPTV AT&T U-verse 1456 (HD) 456 (SD) Streaming media PlayStation Vue Internet Protocol television Sling TV Internet Protocol television", "title": "Cooking Channel" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "IBM also had their own DBMS in 1966, known as Information Management System (IMS). IMS was a development of software written for the Apollo program on the System/360. IMS was generally similar in concept to CODASYL, but used a strict hierarchy for its model of data navigation instead of CODASYL's network model. Both concepts later became known as navigational databases due to the way data was accessed, and Bachman's 1973 Turing Award presentation was The Programmer as Navigator. IMS is classified[by whom?] as a hierarchical database. IDMS and Cincom Systems' TOTAL database are classified as network databases. IMS remains in use as of 2014[update].", "title": "Database" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There is a sizable Somali community in the United Arab Emirates. Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large. Internet cafés, hotels, coffee shops, restaurants and import-export businesses are all testimony to the Somalis' entrepreneurial spirit. Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "White Springs Television (WSTV) was an American internet television channel which featured mainly motion pictures. It was owned by White Springs Media, and had its studios in Portland, Oregon, and technical facilities in White Springs, Florida. The network was a namesake of the town. It was established in August 2005 by Victor Ives, a veteran Portland broadcaster who helped relaunch KEBN channel 32 (now KRCW-TV) in 1994 with an all-movie schedule. This helped inspire Ives to create a movie channel featuring all movies around the clock—mostly with films from the public domain and made-for-TV movies, with TV commercials and short features seen only between films.", "title": "White Springs Television" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "AmazonFresh is a subsidiary of the Amazon.com American e-commerce company in Seattle, Washington. It is a grocery delivery service currently available in some U.S. states, London, Tokyo, Berlin (including Potsdam), Hamburg, and Munich.", "title": "AmazonFresh" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Listen Lena is a 1927 comedy film directed by Clem Beauchamp. According to the Internet Movie Database, Fatty Arbuckle appears in this film as a \"fat man with strategically covered face\", although the role is uncredited and unconfirmed.", "title": "Listen Lena" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xen Coffee is an independent siphon coffee bar in Hong Kong. Xen Coffee's first coffee shop was in Quarry Bay. Xen Coffee serves highly selective coffee varieties from Africa, Indonesia, Central and South Americas. Xen Coffee was awarded Best Fair Trade Cafe in Hong Kong for its effort as a pioneer in promoting Fair Trade products like chocolate from Ghana, organic coffee from Ethiopian Yirgacheffe and the rainforest of Guatemala in Hong Kong. \"Time Out\" magazine (Hong Kong edition) has selected Xen Coffee as one of Hong Kong's 20 Best Coffee Spots. Xen Coffee has also been covered in \"My Coffee Guide\" written by Moses Chan, a coffee geek and celebrity in Hong Kong. Helen Chow, the head Siphonist of Xen Coffee was awarded the title of World Siphonist by the Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ) to honor her achievement as second runner-up in the World Siphonist Championship (WSC) 2010. The founder of Xen Coffee, Dixon Ip, is the first person in China to obtain certifications from both the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) and Coffee Quality Institute (CQI) as SCAA Cupping Judge and CQI Licensed Q Grader. Xen Coffee focuses on educating the local community on coffee beyond espresso and promoting the concept of enjoying specialty coffee from single origins.", "title": "Xen Coffee" } ]	When was the where the company's headquarters that owns the Internet Movie Database located Best Coffee Company established?	1991	[]	Title: Nicholls, Georgia Passage: Nicholls is a city in Coffee County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,798 as of the 2010 census, up from 1,008 in 2000, due to counting of the Coffee County Correctional Facility population within the city limits. This facility is privately owned and operated by CoreCivic. Title: AmazonFresh Passage: AmazonFresh is a subsidiary of the Amazon.com American e-commerce company in Seattle, Washington. It is a grocery delivery service currently available in some U.S. states, London, Tokyo, Berlin (including Potsdam), Hamburg, and Munich. Title: Somalis Passage: There is a sizable Somali community in the United Arab Emirates. Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large. Internet cafés, hotels, coffee shops, restaurants and import-export businesses are all testimony to the Somalis' entrepreneurial spirit. Star African Air is also one of three Somali-owned airlines which are based in Dubai. Title: Listen Lena Passage: Listen Lena is a 1927 comedy film directed by Clem Beauchamp. According to the Internet Movie Database, Fatty Arbuckle appears in this film as a "fat man with strategically covered face", although the role is uncredited and unconfirmed. Title: Seattle Passage: Still, very large companies dominate the business landscape. Four companies on the 2013 Fortune 500 list of the United States' largest companies, based on total revenue, are headquartered in Seattle: Internet retailer Amazon.com (#49), coffee chain Starbucks (#208), department store Nordstrom (#227), and freight forwarder Expeditors International of Washington (#428). Other Fortune 500 companies popularly associated with Seattle are based in nearby Puget Sound cities. Warehouse club chain Costco (#22), the largest retail company in Washington, is based in Issaquah. Microsoft (#35) is located in Redmond. Weyerhaeuser, the forest products company (#363), is based in Federal Way. Finally, Bellevue is home to truck manufacturer Paccar (#168). Other major companies in the area include Nintendo of America in Redmond, T-Mobile US in Bellevue, Expedia Inc. in Bellevue and Providence Health & Services — the state's largest health care system and fifth largest employer — in Renton. The city has a reputation for heavy coffee consumption; coffee companies founded or based in Seattle include Starbucks, Seattle's Best Coffee, and Tully's. There are also many successful independent artisanal espresso roasters and cafés. Title: White Springs Television Passage: White Springs Television (WSTV) was an American internet television channel which featured mainly motion pictures. It was owned by White Springs Media, and had its studios in Portland, Oregon, and technical facilities in White Springs, Florida. The network was a namesake of the town. It was established in August 2005 by Victor Ives, a veteran Portland broadcaster who helped relaunch KEBN channel 32 (now KRCW-TV) in 1994 with an all-movie schedule. This helped inspire Ives to create a movie channel featuring all movies around the clock—mostly with films from the public domain and made-for-TV movies, with TV commercials and short features seen only between films. Title: Coffee and Cigarettes: Somewhere in California Passage: Coffee and Cigarettes: Somewhere in California (also known as Coffee and Cigarettes III) is a 1993 black-and-white short film directed by writer/director Jim Jarmusch shot in Northern California. The film consists primarily of a conversation between musicians Tom Waits and Iggy Pop in a coffee shop. The film would later be included in the feature-length "Coffee and Cigarettes" released in 2003. The film won the Golden Palm at the 1993 Cannes Film Festival as best "Short Film". Title: Alfred (software) Passage: Using a keyboard shortcut chosen by the user, Alfred provides a quick way to find and launch applications and files on the Mac or to search the web both with predefined keywords for often-used sites such as Amazon.com, IMDB, Wikipedia and many others, with the ability to add users' custom searches for the sites most applicable to them. In its free version it also serves as a calculator, spell-checker and a convenient interface for controlling the Mac with system commands. Title: China: The Rebirth of an Empire Passage: China: The Rebirth of an Empire is an American documentary film directed by brothers Jesse and Jeremy Veverka that was released in 2010. The film examines China's economic and political rise in the context of its relationship with its neighbors and a declining United States. The film was named Best Documentary at the 2011 River Bend Film Festival, the 2010 Central Florida Film Festival, the 2010 Astoria/Long Island City Film Festival, and the 2010 Big Easy International Film Festival. It was reported that the film may have contributed to the Chinese government blocking access to the Internet Movie Database in early 2010 due to political censorship. The film features interviews with late Asia expert Chalmers Johnson. Title: Amazon (company) Passage: Amazon.com, Inc. Trading name Amazon Formerly Cadabra, Inc. (1994 -- 95) Type Public Traded as NASDAQ: AMZN NASDAQ - 100 component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US0231351067 Industry Online shopping Founded July 5, 1994; 24 years ago (1994 - 07 - 05) Founder Jeff Bezos Headquarters Seattle, Washington, U.S. Area served Worldwide Key people Jeff Bezos (Chairman, President & CEO) Werner Vogels (CTO) Products Amazon Appstore Amazon Echo Amazon Kindle Amazon Prime Amazon Video ComiXology Revenue US $177.86 billion (2017) Operating income US $4.106 billion (2017) Net income US $3.033 billion (2017) Total assets US $131.31 billion (2017) Total equity US $27.709 billion (2017) Number of employees 566,000 (2017) Subsidiaries A9.com AbeBooks Alexa Internet Amazon Books Amazon Game Studios Amazon Lab126 Amazon Publishing Amazon Robotics Amazon Studios Amazon Web Services Audible Inc. Body Labs Book Depository Digital Photography Review Goodreads Graphiq Internet Movie Database Ring Souq.com Twitch.tv Whole Foods Market Woot Zappos Website www.amazon.com Title: Eugster/Frismag Passage: Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines. Title: Starbucks Passage: Starbucks Corporation Logo since 2011 Starbucks headquarters at Starbucks Center in Seattle, Washington Type Public Traded as NASDAQ: SBUX NASDAQ - 100 Component S&P 100 Component S&P 500 Component Industry Coffee shop Founded March 31, 1971; 47 years ago (1971 - 03 - 31) Pike Place Market, Elliott Bay, Seattle, Washington, U.S. Founders Jerry Baldwin Zev Siegl Gordon Bowker Headquarters 2401 Utah Avenue South, Seattle, Washington, U.S. Number of locations 28,218 (2018) Area served Worldwide Key people Myron E. Ullman (Chairman) Mellody Hobson (Vice Chairman) Kevin Johnson (President and CEO) Howard Schultz (Chairman Emeritus) Products Coffee beverages smoothies tea baked goods sandwiches Revenue US $22.387 billion (2017) Operating income US $4.135 billion (2017) Net income US $2.885 billion (2017) Total assets US $14.366 billion (2017) Total equity US $5.450 billion (2017) Number of employees 238,000 (2016) Subsidiaries Starbucks Coffee Company Ethos Water Evolution Fresh Hear Music La Boulange Bakery Seattle's Best Coffee Teavana Torrefazione Italia Website starbucks.com Title: Xen Coffee Passage: Xen Coffee is an independent siphon coffee bar in Hong Kong. Xen Coffee's first coffee shop was in Quarry Bay. Xen Coffee serves highly selective coffee varieties from Africa, Indonesia, Central and South Americas. Xen Coffee was awarded Best Fair Trade Cafe in Hong Kong for its effort as a pioneer in promoting Fair Trade products like chocolate from Ghana, organic coffee from Ethiopian Yirgacheffe and the rainforest of Guatemala in Hong Kong. "Time Out" magazine (Hong Kong edition) has selected Xen Coffee as one of Hong Kong's 20 Best Coffee Spots. Xen Coffee has also been covered in "My Coffee Guide" written by Moses Chan, a coffee geek and celebrity in Hong Kong. Helen Chow, the head Siphonist of Xen Coffee was awarded the title of World Siphonist by the Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ) to honor her achievement as second runner-up in the World Siphonist Championship (WSC) 2010. The founder of Xen Coffee, Dixon Ip, is the first person in China to obtain certifications from both the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) and Coffee Quality Institute (CQI) as SCAA Cupping Judge and CQI Licensed Q Grader. Xen Coffee focuses on educating the local community on coffee beyond espresso and promoting the concept of enjoying specialty coffee from single origins. Title: Cooking Channel Passage: Cooking Channel Launched May 31, 2010; 7 years ago (2010 - 05 - 31) Owned by Discovery Inc. Picture format 1080i (HDTV) Downgraded to letterboxed 480i for SDTV feed Slogan Stay Hungry. Headquarters Knoxville, Tennessee, US Replaced Fine Living Network Sister channel (s) American Heroes Channel Destination America Discovery Life DIY Network Food Network Great American Country HGTV Investigation Discovery TLC Travel Channel Website www.cookingchanneltv.com Availability Satellite DirecTV 232 Dish Network 113 Cable Verizon FiOS 663 (HD) 163 (SD) IPTV AT&T U-verse 1456 (HD) 456 (SD) Streaming media PlayStation Vue Internet Protocol television Sling TV Internet Protocol television Title: Seattle's Best Coffee Passage: In 1983, the name again changed from Stewart Brothers Wet Whisker to Stewart Brothers Coffee. Shortly after, business began to expand, and new shops opened in Bellevue, Washington, and in Seattle's historic Pike Place Market a year later. In 1991, the company was renamed "Seattle's Best Coffee" after winning a local competition. Around 1995, Seattle's Best Coffee was purchased by a group of investors who own Torrefazione Italia. They formed a new company made up of both parties called Seattle Coffee Holdings. In 1997, Seattle Coffee Holdings changed its name to Seattle Coffee Company. Title: Mstar (Internet service provider) Passage: Mstar, originally headquartered in Murray, Utah and later relocated to Orem, Utah, was a fiber optic internet service provider in the state of Utah, USA. Mstar provided Internet, telephone (VoIP) and television services (IPTV) via fiber optics. Mstar was a provider of services over municipally owned backbones, namely the Utah Telecommunication Open Infrastructure Agency (UTOPIA) and IProvo. Title: Fort Coffee, Oklahoma Passage: Fort Coffee is a town in Le Flore County, Oklahoma, United States. Originally constructed as a U. S. Army fort in 1834, it was named for U. S. General John Coffee, a veteran of the Seminole Wars. It is part of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 424 at the 2010 census, a gain of 2.9 percent from 412 at the 2000 census.	[ "Seattle's Best Coffee", "Alfred (software)", "AmazonFresh" ]
2hop__11230_52135	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The celebration of Children's Day in India has its roots back to 1959. Prior to the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, India is celebrating Children's Day on November 20 (the date observed as Universal Children's Day by the United Nations). After the death of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964, it was unanimously decided to celebrate his birthday as or Children's Day in India.", "title": "Children's Day (India)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shiv Dutt Upadhyaya, was born in Dwarahat district of Almora in Uttarakhand, India. He joined Pandit Motilal Nehru as his personal secretary in 1923. After the death of Pandit Motilal Nehru, he was retained by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, with whom he remained associated till the latter's death. Upadhyaya was elected to the Lok Sabha from the Satna constituency in the erstwhile Vindhya Pradesh in 1952. He was re-elected to Lok Sabha in 1957 and 1962 from Rewa in Madhya Pradesh. In 1967 he was elected unopposed to the Rajya Sabha. He was awarded the Padmasri in 1983. He remained closely associated with the Nehru-Gandhi family right from 1923 till his death in 1984 and finds mention in Jawaharlal Nehru's Last Will & Testament.", "title": "Shiv Dutt Upadhyaya" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru presented the First Five - Year Plan to the Parliament of India and needed urgent attention. The First Five - year Plan was launched in 1951 which mainly focused in development of the primary sector. The First Five - Year Plan was based on the Harrod -- Domar model with few modifications.", "title": "Five-Year Plans of India" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगो;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war.", "title": "Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Major sporting venues in New Delhi include the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Ambedkar Stadium, Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, Dhyan Chand National Stadium and Siri Fort Sports Complex.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deepak Nayyar (born 1946) is Professor of Economics at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Chairperson of the Board of Governors of Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) New Delhi. He has taught at the University of Oxford, the University of Sussex, the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (IIM-C), and the New School for Social Research, New York City. He was Vice Chancellor of the University of Delhi from 2000 to 2005.", "title": "Deepak Nayyar" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Century Lotus Stadium () is a multi-purpose stadium in Foshan, China. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 36,686 people and was built in 2005. It hosted a first round match between China and Myanmar during 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying. This building has a design similar to the reconstructed Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi built by the same designers.", "title": "Century Lotus Stadium" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A trust was founded in 1920 to build a memorial at the site after a resolution was passed by the Indian National Congress. In 1923, the trust purchased land for the project. A memorial, designed by American architect Benjamin Polk, was built on the site and inaugurated by President of India Rajendra Prasad on 13 April 1961, in the presence of Jawaharlal Nehru and other leaders. A flame was later added to the site.", "title": "Jallianwala Bagh massacre" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगों;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war.", "title": "Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During his first tenure, Talat Ahmad was recommended for the position of Vice-Chancellor, University of Kashmir by a search committee headed by former member of Planning Commission, Prof. Abid Hussain, former Indian Ambassador to USA, and comprising Professor G. K. Chadha, CEO, South Asian University and former Vice-Chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and Prof. Seyed E. Hasnain, an eminent Scientist and former Vice-Chancellor of University of Hyderabad.", "title": "Talat Ahmad" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindustani: (ˈɪnːdɪrə ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); née Nehru; 19 November 1917 -- 31 October 1984) was an Indian stateswoman and central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi belonged to the Nehru -- Gandhi family and was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Indian prime minister. Despite her surname Gandhi, she is not related to the family of Mahatma Gandhi. She served as Prime Minister from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 until her assassination in October 1984, making her the second longest - serving Indian prime minister after her father.", "title": "Indira Gandhi" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Indian general election, 1951 ← 1945 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952 1957 → All 489 seats in the Lok Sabha 245 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripad Amrit Dange Party INC CPI Leader's seat Phulpur Bombay City North Seats won 364 16 Popular vote 47,665,875 3,484,401 Percentage 44.99% 3.29% Prime Minister before election Jawaharlal Nehru INC Subsequent Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru INC", "title": "1951–52 Indian general election" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jawaharlal Nehru (; Hindi: [ˈdʒəʋaːɦərˈlaːl ˈneːɦru] (listen); 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as Chacha Nehru (Hindi, lit., \"Uncle Nehru\").The son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and nationalist statesman and Swaroop Rani, Nehru was a graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge and the Inner Temple, where he trained to be a barrister. Upon his return to India, he enrolled at the Allahabad High Court and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. A committed nationalist since his teenage years, he became a rising figure in Indian politics during the upheavals of the 1910s. He became the prominent leader of the left-wing factions of the Indian National Congress during the 1920s, and eventually of the entire Congress, with the tacit approval of his mentor, Gandhi. As Congress President in 1929, Nehru called for complete independence from the British Raj and instigated the Congress's decisive shift towards the left.", "title": "Jawaharlal Nehru" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as \"Chacha Nehru\" (Hindi, lit., \"Uncle Nehru\").", "title": "Jawaharlal Nehru" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are a group of 20 public, autonomous institutes of management education and research in India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes. The establishment of IIMs was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, based on the recommendation of the Planning Commission.", "title": "Indian Institutes of Management" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Swatantra Party was an Indian classical liberal political party that existed from 1959 to 1974. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's increasingly socialist and statist outlook.", "title": "Swatantra Party" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gandhi Sagar Dam is one of the four major dams built on India's Chambal River. The dam is located in the Mandsaur, Neemuch districts of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is a masonry gravity dam, standing high, with a gross storage capacity of 7.322 billion cubic metres from a catchment area of . The dam's foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister of India Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 7 March 1954, and construction of the main dam was done by leading contractor Dwarka Das Agrawal & Associates and was completed in 1960. Additional dam structures were completed downstream in the 1970s.", "title": "Gandhi Sagar Dam" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar", "title": "List of districts of Delhi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After independence, on 15 August 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru assumed office as the first Prime Minister of India and chose fifteen ministers to form the First Nehru ministry.", "title": "First Nehru ministry" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tata Centre is a high-rise located in Kolkata, India. It is located in the central business district of the city beside Jawaharlal Nehru Road.", "title": "Tata Centre" } ]	How many districts are in the city where Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium is located?	11	[]	Title: Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo Passage: ``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगो;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war. Title: Deepak Nayyar Passage: Deepak Nayyar (born 1946) is Professor of Economics at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Chairperson of the Board of Governors of Centre for the Study of Developing Societies (CSDS) New Delhi. He has taught at the University of Oxford, the University of Sussex, the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta (IIM-C), and the New School for Social Research, New York City. He was Vice Chancellor of the University of Delhi from 2000 to 2005. Title: Jawaharlal Nehru Passage: Jawaharlal Nehru (; Hindi: [ˈdʒəʋaːɦərˈlaːl ˈneːɦru] (listen); 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as Chacha Nehru (Hindi, lit., "Uncle Nehru").The son of Motilal Nehru, a prominent lawyer and nationalist statesman and Swaroop Rani, Nehru was a graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge and the Inner Temple, where he trained to be a barrister. Upon his return to India, he enrolled at the Allahabad High Court and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice. A committed nationalist since his teenage years, he became a rising figure in Indian politics during the upheavals of the 1910s. He became the prominent leader of the left-wing factions of the Indian National Congress during the 1920s, and eventually of the entire Congress, with the tacit approval of his mentor, Gandhi. As Congress President in 1929, Nehru called for complete independence from the British Raj and instigated the Congress's decisive shift towards the left. Title: Indian Institutes of Management Passage: The Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) are a group of 20 public, autonomous institutes of management education and research in India. They primarily offer postgraduate, doctoral and executive education programmes. The establishment of IIMs was initiated by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, based on the recommendation of the Planning Commission. Title: Jallianwala Bagh massacre Passage: A trust was founded in 1920 to build a memorial at the site after a resolution was passed by the Indian National Congress. In 1923, the trust purchased land for the project. A memorial, designed by American architect Benjamin Polk, was built on the site and inaugurated by President of India Rajendra Prasad on 13 April 1961, in the presence of Jawaharlal Nehru and other leaders. A flame was later added to the site. Title: Century Lotus Stadium Passage: Century Lotus Stadium () is a multi-purpose stadium in Foshan, China. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 36,686 people and was built in 2005. It hosted a first round match between China and Myanmar during 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying. This building has a design similar to the reconstructed Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Delhi built by the same designers. Title: 1951–52 Indian general election Passage: Indian general election, 1951 ← 1945 25 October 1951 to 21 February 1952 1957 → All 489 seats in the Lok Sabha 245 seats were needed for a majority First party Second party Leader Jawaharlal Nehru Shripad Amrit Dange Party INC CPI Leader's seat Phulpur Bombay City North Seats won 364 16 Popular vote 47,665,875 3,484,401 Percentage 44.99% 3.29% Prime Minister before election Jawaharlal Nehru INC Subsequent Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru INC Title: New Delhi Passage: Major sporting venues in New Delhi include the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium, Ambedkar Stadium, Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, R.K. Khanna Tennis Complex, Dhyan Chand National Stadium and Siri Fort Sports Complex. Title: Jawaharlal Nehru Passage: Jawaharlal Nehru (; ; 14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was an Indian independence activist, and subsequently, the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence. He emerged as an eminent leader of the Indian independence movement under the tutelage of Mahatma Gandhi and served India as Prime Minister from its establishment as an independent nation in 1947 until his death in 1964. He has been described by the Amar Chitra Katha as the architect of India. He was also known as Pandit Nehru due to his roots with the Kashmiri Pandit community while Indian children knew him as "Chacha Nehru" (Hindi, lit., "Uncle Nehru"). Title: Indira Gandhi Passage: Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindustani: (ˈɪnːdɪrə ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); née Nehru; 19 November 1917 -- 31 October 1984) was an Indian stateswoman and central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi belonged to the Nehru -- Gandhi family and was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Indian prime minister. Despite her surname Gandhi, she is not related to the family of Mahatma Gandhi. She served as Prime Minister from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 until her assassination in October 1984, making her the second longest - serving Indian prime minister after her father. Title: First Nehru ministry Passage: After independence, on 15 August 1947, Jawaharlal Nehru assumed office as the first Prime Minister of India and chose fifteen ministers to form the First Nehru ministry. Title: Gandhi Sagar Dam Passage: The Gandhi Sagar Dam is one of the four major dams built on India's Chambal River. The dam is located in the Mandsaur, Neemuch districts of the state of Madhya Pradesh. It is a masonry gravity dam, standing high, with a gross storage capacity of 7.322 billion cubic metres from a catchment area of . The dam's foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister of India Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru on 7 March 1954, and construction of the main dam was done by leading contractor Dwarka Das Agrawal & Associates and was completed in 1960. Additional dam structures were completed downstream in the 1970s. Title: Children's Day (India) Passage: The celebration of Children's Day in India has its roots back to 1959. Prior to the death of Jawaharlal Nehru, India is celebrating Children's Day on November 20 (the date observed as Universal Children's Day by the United Nations). After the death of Jawaharlal Nehru in 1964, it was unanimously decided to celebrate his birthday as or Children's Day in India. Title: List of districts of Delhi Passage: Sl.No. District Headquarter Sub divisions (Tehsils) New Delhi Connaught Place Chanakyapuri Delhi Cantonment Vasant Vihar North Delhi Narela Model Town Narela Alipur North West Delhi Kanjhawala Rohini Kanjhawala Saraswati Vihar West Delhi Rajouri Garden Patel Nagar Punjabi Bagh Rajouri Garden 5 South West Delhi Dwarka Dwarka Najafgarh Kapashera 6 South Delhi Saket Saket Hauz Khas Mehrauli 7 South East Delhi Defence Colony Defence Colony Kalkaji Sarita Vihar 8 Central Delhi Daryaganj Kotwali Civil Lines Karol Bagh 9 North East Delhi Seelampur Seelampur Yamuna Vihar Karawal Nagar 10 Shahdara Shahdara Shahdara Seemapuri Vivek Vihar 11 East Delhi Preet Vihar Gandhi Nagar Preet Vihar Mayur Vihar Title: Talat Ahmad Passage: During his first tenure, Talat Ahmad was recommended for the position of Vice-Chancellor, University of Kashmir by a search committee headed by former member of Planning Commission, Prof. Abid Hussain, former Indian Ambassador to USA, and comprising Professor G. K. Chadha, CEO, South Asian University and former Vice-Chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, and Prof. Seyed E. Hasnain, an eminent Scientist and former Vice-Chancellor of University of Hyderabad. Title: Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo Passage: ``Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo ''(Hindi: ऐ मेरे वतन के लोगों;`` O 'people of my country'') is a Hindi patriotic song written by Kavi Pradeep, composed by C. Ramchandra, and performed by Lata Mangeshkar. The song commemorates Indian soldiers who died during the Sino - Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live by Mangeshkar on 27 January 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, on account of Republic Day (26 January) 1963, which was just two months after the end of the war. Title: Swatantra Party Passage: The Swatantra Party was an Indian classical liberal political party that existed from 1959 to 1974. It was founded by C. Rajagopalachari in reaction to what he felt was the Jawaharlal Nehru-dominated Indian National Congress's increasingly socialist and statist outlook.	[ "New Delhi", "List of districts of Delhi" ]
3hop1__715076_434582_60108	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the early 20th century, northerners were attracted to the city, and Miami prospered during the 1920s with an increase in population and infrastructure. The legacy of Jim Crow was embedded in these developments. Miami's chief of police, H. Leslie Quigg, did not hide the fact that he, like many other white Miami police officers, was a member of the Ku Klux Klan. Unsurprisingly, these officers enforced social codes far beyond the written law. Quigg, for example, \"personally and publicly beat a colored bellboy to death for speaking directly to a white woman.\"", "title": "Miami" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "General Neth Savoeun () is the National Police Chief of Cambodia. Savoeun was promoted from Deputy National Police Chief to the most senior law enforcement position of the country in November 2008 after his predecessor, Hok Lundy, whose tenure was mired in controversy and accusations of corruption, died in a helicopter crash. Savoeun, who was 52 years old at the time of his appointment, is married to Prime Minister Hun Sen's niece, Hun Kimleng. Prior to the National Police force, Savoeun was the police chief of Phnom Penh during the State of Cambodia and then, after the 1993 elections, head of the justice department in the Interior Ministry’s Penal Crimes Division.", "title": "Neth Savoeun" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the moments following the final episode of series two, the BBC subsequently announced that the series had been commissioned for a third run. Michelle Keegan, Luke Pasqualino and Ben Aldridge were later confirmed to be returning to the cast, with newcomer Shalom Brune - Franklin and Rudi Dharmalingam being amongst the new cast members for this series. Unlike previous series, a total of twelve episodes were commissioned; to be shown in three blocks of four episodes, each covering a different ``mission ''. Filming for this series took place in Nepal, South Africa and Malaysia. Our Girl: The Nepal Tour began broadcasting on 10 October 2017.", "title": "Our Girl" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William \"Mugsy\" Moore (1930 – August 6, 2007) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from April 21, 1986 – May 11, 1987. He first joined the force in 1951. After retirement he served as Police Chief in suburban Braddock from 1991 to 1998. His grave is at Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery.", "title": "William Moore (police officer)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Home Guard consisted of local volunteers otherwise ineligible for military service, either because of age (hence the title \"Dad's Army\") or by being in professions exempt from conscription. \"Dad's Army\" deals almost exclusively with men over military age, and featured older British actors, including Arthur Lowe, John Le Mesurier, Arnold Ridley and John Laurie. Younger members of the cast included Ian Lavender, Clive Dunn (who played the oldest guardsman, Lance Corporal Jones, despite being one of the youngest cast members), and James Beck (who died suddenly during production of the sixth series in 1973). Other regular cast members included Frank Williams as the vicar, and Bill Pertwee as the chief ARP warden.", "title": "Dad's Army" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sir William Ian Ridley Johnston, CBE, QPM, DL was the Chief Constable of British Transport Police. He became Chief Constable on 1 May 2001 when he succeeded David Williams QPM, who had served as Chief Constable for three and a half years.", "title": "Ian Johnston (police officer)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gerard Marenghi (born January 24, 1920), known as Jerry Maren, is an American actor and the last surviving Munchkin of the classic 1939 MGM film The Wizard of Oz, in which he portrayed a member of the Lollipop Guild. He became the last known survivor of the Munchkin cast, following the death of fellow Munchkin Ruth Duccini on January 16, 2014. (Maren and Caren Marsh Doll are the last two known surviving members of the cast.)", "title": "Jerry Maren" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Early development of intelligence - led policing took place in the UK. It was perceived that police were spending too much time responding to specific incidents, and not tackling the problem of repeat offenders. Therefore, reports by the Audit Commission in 1993 and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in 1997 advocated increased use of intelligence, surveillance and informants to target recidivist offenders, so that police could be more effective in fighting crime. The call was quickly taken up by some police forces, particularly the Kent Constabulary. Intelligence led policing was not a major proponent of policing styles until the September 11th terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks the majority of all branches of the government would often not divulge any information to each other. The main assumptions of this theory can be described by Ratcliffe's 3i format. As shown by the figure below, the three I's call for close cooperation between police chiefs and intelligence analysts in order to facilitate a strategy that will impact the criminal environment.", "title": "Intelligence-led policing" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jessica Walter stars as Amy Prentiss, a relatively young investigator who becomes the first female Chief of Detectives for the San Francisco Police Department following the previous chief's death. She is a single mother whose husband died in a plane crash. Prentiss faced opposition from other police officers and from officers' wives.", "title": "Amy Prentiss" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Chief of the City of Los Angeles Police Department Seal of the LAPD Flag of the Chief of the LAPD Incumbent Charles L. Beck since November 9, 2009 (2009 - 11 - 09) Los Angeles Police Department Style Chief of Police Member of Los Angeles City Council Seat Los Angeles County, California, U.S. Appointer Mayor of Los Angeles Inaugural holder Jacob F. Gerkens Formation December 18, 1876 Salary $307,291 Website (1)", "title": "Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to do the same.[citation needed] According to the final 2005 FBI Crime Reports, Charleston crime level is worse than the national average in almost every major category. Greg Mullen, the former Deputy Chief of the Virginia Beach, Virginia Police Department, serves as the current Chief of the Charleston Police Department. The former Charleston police chief was Reuben Greenberg, who resigned August 12, 2005. Greenberg was credited with creating a polite police force that kept police brutality well in check, even as it developed a visible presence in community policing and a significant reduction in crime rates.", "title": "Charleston, South Carolina" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Siege of Arrah (27 July -- 3 August 1857) took place during the Indian Mutiny (also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857). It was the eight - day defence of a fortified outbuilding, occupied by a combination of 18 civilians and 50 members of the Bengal Military Police Battalion, against 2,500 -- 3,000 mutinying Bengal Native Infantry sepoys from three regiments and an estimated 8,000 men from irregular forces commanded by Kunwar Singh, the local zamindar or chieftain.", "title": "Siege of Arrah" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maxwell Greevey is a fictional character played by George Dzundza on NBC's long-running police procedural and legal drama television series \"Law & Order\". Following Dzundza's departure from the cast at the end of the first season, Greevey was written off the series with his death in the second season premiere.", "title": "Max Greevey" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lucky Three (or Lucky Three: An Elliott Smith Portrait) is a 1997 11-minute short film directed by Jem Cohen and featuring singer-songwriter Elliott Smith.", "title": "Lucky Three" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Pampena (1934-December 15, 2012) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from May 22, 1987 – May 17, 1990. He was a 22-year veteran of the Pittsburgh Police upon taking the oath of Chief. During 1986-1987 he briefly retired from the force serving as Police Chief of Carnegie Mellon University.", "title": "Ralph Pampena" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It's a Cop is a 1934 British comedy film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring Sydney Howard, Chili Bouchier and Garry Marsh. It was made at Elstree Studios. An incompetent police constable gets a lucky break and catches some thieves, earning promotion to sergeant.", "title": "It's a Cop" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite receiving top - billing in the opening credits, Gable -- along with Leigh, Howard, and de Havilland who receive second, third and fourth billing respectively -- has a relatively low placing in the cast list, due to its unusual structure. Rather than ordered by conventional billing, the cast is broken down into three sections: the Tara plantation, Twelve Oaks, and Atlanta. The cast's names are ordered according to the social rank of the characters; therefore Thomas Mitchell, who plays Gerald O'Hara, leads the cast list as the head of the O'Hara family, while Barbara O'Neil as his wife receives the second credit and Vivien Leigh as the eldest daughter the third credit, despite having the most screen time. Similarly, Howard C. Hickman as John Wilkes is credited over Leslie Howard who plays his son, and Clark Gable, who plays only a visitor at Twelve Oaks, receives a relatively low credit in the cast list, despite being presented as the ``star ''of the film in all the promotional literature. Following the death of Mary Anderson -- who played Maybelle Merriwether -- in April 2014, there are only two surviving credited cast members from the film: Olivia de Havilland who played Melanie Wilkes and Mickey Kuhn, who played her son Beau Wilkes.", "title": "Gone with the Wind (film)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "According to the liner notes, the album is dedicated to the memory of fellow Los Angeles-based musician Elliott Smith and to Bomp! Records founder Greg Shaw.", "title": "Surgery (album)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crossing Jordan is an American television crime drama series created by Tim Kring that aired on NBC from September 24, 2001, to May 16, 2007. It stars Jill Hennessy as Dr. Jordan Cavanaugh, a crime-solving forensic pathologist employed in the Massachusetts Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. In addition to Jordan, the show followed an ensemble cast composed of Jordan's co-workers and police detectives assigned to the various cases.", "title": "Crossing Jordan" } ]	Who is the chief of police of the city Lucky Three's cast member died?	Charles L. Beck	[]	Title: Ralph Pampena Passage: Ralph Pampena (1934-December 15, 2012) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from May 22, 1987 – May 17, 1990. He was a 22-year veteran of the Pittsburgh Police upon taking the oath of Chief. During 1986-1987 he briefly retired from the force serving as Police Chief of Carnegie Mellon University. Title: It's a Cop Passage: It's a Cop is a 1934 British comedy film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring Sydney Howard, Chili Bouchier and Garry Marsh. It was made at Elstree Studios. An incompetent police constable gets a lucky break and catches some thieves, earning promotion to sergeant. Title: Neth Savoeun Passage: General Neth Savoeun () is the National Police Chief of Cambodia. Savoeun was promoted from Deputy National Police Chief to the most senior law enforcement position of the country in November 2008 after his predecessor, Hok Lundy, whose tenure was mired in controversy and accusations of corruption, died in a helicopter crash. Savoeun, who was 52 years old at the time of his appointment, is married to Prime Minister Hun Sen's niece, Hun Kimleng. Prior to the National Police force, Savoeun was the police chief of Phnom Penh during the State of Cambodia and then, after the 1993 elections, head of the justice department in the Interior Ministry’s Penal Crimes Division. Title: Miami Passage: During the early 20th century, northerners were attracted to the city, and Miami prospered during the 1920s with an increase in population and infrastructure. The legacy of Jim Crow was embedded in these developments. Miami's chief of police, H. Leslie Quigg, did not hide the fact that he, like many other white Miami police officers, was a member of the Ku Klux Klan. Unsurprisingly, these officers enforced social codes far beyond the written law. Quigg, for example, "personally and publicly beat a colored bellboy to death for speaking directly to a white woman." Title: Siege of Arrah Passage: The Siege of Arrah (27 July -- 3 August 1857) took place during the Indian Mutiny (also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857). It was the eight - day defence of a fortified outbuilding, occupied by a combination of 18 civilians and 50 members of the Bengal Military Police Battalion, against 2,500 -- 3,000 mutinying Bengal Native Infantry sepoys from three regiments and an estimated 8,000 men from irregular forces commanded by Kunwar Singh, the local zamindar or chieftain. Title: Gone with the Wind (film) Passage: Despite receiving top - billing in the opening credits, Gable -- along with Leigh, Howard, and de Havilland who receive second, third and fourth billing respectively -- has a relatively low placing in the cast list, due to its unusual structure. Rather than ordered by conventional billing, the cast is broken down into three sections: the Tara plantation, Twelve Oaks, and Atlanta. The cast's names are ordered according to the social rank of the characters; therefore Thomas Mitchell, who plays Gerald O'Hara, leads the cast list as the head of the O'Hara family, while Barbara O'Neil as his wife receives the second credit and Vivien Leigh as the eldest daughter the third credit, despite having the most screen time. Similarly, Howard C. Hickman as John Wilkes is credited over Leslie Howard who plays his son, and Clark Gable, who plays only a visitor at Twelve Oaks, receives a relatively low credit in the cast list, despite being presented as the ``star ''of the film in all the promotional literature. Following the death of Mary Anderson -- who played Maybelle Merriwether -- in April 2014, there are only two surviving credited cast members from the film: Olivia de Havilland who played Melanie Wilkes and Mickey Kuhn, who played her son Beau Wilkes. Title: Jerry Maren Passage: Gerard Marenghi (born January 24, 1920), known as Jerry Maren, is an American actor and the last surviving Munchkin of the classic 1939 MGM film The Wizard of Oz, in which he portrayed a member of the Lollipop Guild. He became the last known survivor of the Munchkin cast, following the death of fellow Munchkin Ruth Duccini on January 16, 2014. (Maren and Caren Marsh Doll are the last two known surviving members of the cast.) Title: New Delhi Passage: As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government. Title: Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department Passage: Chief of the City of Los Angeles Police Department Seal of the LAPD Flag of the Chief of the LAPD Incumbent Charles L. Beck since November 9, 2009 (2009 - 11 - 09) Los Angeles Police Department Style Chief of Police Member of Los Angeles City Council Seat Los Angeles County, California, U.S. Appointer Mayor of Los Angeles Inaugural holder Jacob F. Gerkens Formation December 18, 1876 Salary $307,291 Website (1) Title: Our Girl Passage: In the moments following the final episode of series two, the BBC subsequently announced that the series had been commissioned for a third run. Michelle Keegan, Luke Pasqualino and Ben Aldridge were later confirmed to be returning to the cast, with newcomer Shalom Brune - Franklin and Rudi Dharmalingam being amongst the new cast members for this series. Unlike previous series, a total of twelve episodes were commissioned; to be shown in three blocks of four episodes, each covering a different ``mission ''. Filming for this series took place in Nepal, South Africa and Malaysia. Our Girl: The Nepal Tour began broadcasting on 10 October 2017. Title: Lucky Three Passage: Lucky Three (or Lucky Three: An Elliott Smith Portrait) is a 1997 11-minute short film directed by Jem Cohen and featuring singer-songwriter Elliott Smith. Title: Surgery (album) Passage: According to the liner notes, the album is dedicated to the memory of fellow Los Angeles-based musician Elliott Smith and to Bomp! Records founder Greg Shaw. Title: Crossing Jordan Passage: Crossing Jordan is an American television crime drama series created by Tim Kring that aired on NBC from September 24, 2001, to May 16, 2007. It stars Jill Hennessy as Dr. Jordan Cavanaugh, a crime-solving forensic pathologist employed in the Massachusetts Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. In addition to Jordan, the show followed an ensemble cast composed of Jordan's co-workers and police detectives assigned to the various cases. Title: Ian Johnston (police officer) Passage: Sir William Ian Ridley Johnston, CBE, QPM, DL was the Chief Constable of British Transport Police. He became Chief Constable on 1 May 2001 when he succeeded David Williams QPM, who had served as Chief Constable for three and a half years. Title: William Moore (police officer) Passage: William "Mugsy" Moore (1930 – August 6, 2007) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from April 21, 1986 – May 11, 1987. He first joined the force in 1951. After retirement he served as Police Chief in suburban Braddock from 1991 to 1998. His grave is at Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery. Title: Charleston, South Carolina Passage: The City of Charleston Police Department, with a total of 452 sworn officers, 137 civilians, and 27 reserve police officers, is South Carolina's largest police department. Their procedures on cracking down on drug use and gang violence in the city are used as models to other cities to do the same.[citation needed] According to the final 2005 FBI Crime Reports, Charleston crime level is worse than the national average in almost every major category. Greg Mullen, the former Deputy Chief of the Virginia Beach, Virginia Police Department, serves as the current Chief of the Charleston Police Department. The former Charleston police chief was Reuben Greenberg, who resigned August 12, 2005. Greenberg was credited with creating a polite police force that kept police brutality well in check, even as it developed a visible presence in community policing and a significant reduction in crime rates. Title: Intelligence-led policing Passage: Early development of intelligence - led policing took place in the UK. It was perceived that police were spending too much time responding to specific incidents, and not tackling the problem of repeat offenders. Therefore, reports by the Audit Commission in 1993 and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in 1997 advocated increased use of intelligence, surveillance and informants to target recidivist offenders, so that police could be more effective in fighting crime. The call was quickly taken up by some police forces, particularly the Kent Constabulary. Intelligence led policing was not a major proponent of policing styles until the September 11th terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks the majority of all branches of the government would often not divulge any information to each other. The main assumptions of this theory can be described by Ratcliffe's 3i format. As shown by the figure below, the three I's call for close cooperation between police chiefs and intelligence analysts in order to facilitate a strategy that will impact the criminal environment.	[ "Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department", "Lucky Three", "Surgery (album)" ]
2hop__366769_65151	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country.", "title": "Albano Carrisi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Viktors Ignatjevs (born April 26, 1970 in Riga, Soviet Union) is a former Latvian ice hockey player who played 11 games in the National Hockey League with the Pittsburgh Penguins. Currently Ignatjevs works as the assistant coach in Dinamo Riga of the Kontinental Hockey League. He has a wife Lena and three daughters: Lisa, Kristina, and Sonja. Lisa and Kristina were born in the United States.", "title": "Viktors Ignatjevs" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since Israel's capture of these territories, Israeli settlements and military installations have been built within each of them. Israel has applied civilian law to the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem and granted their inhabitants permanent residency status and the ability to apply for citizenship. The West Bank, outside of the Israeli settlements within the territory, has remained under direct military rule, and Palestinians in this area cannot become Israeli citizens. Israel withdrew its military forces and dismantled the Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip as part of its disengagement from Gaza though it continues to maintain control of its airspace and waters. The UN Security Council has declared the annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem to be \"null and void\" and continues to view the territories as occupied. The International Court of Justice, principal judicial organ of the United Nations, asserted, in its 2004 advisory opinion on the legality of the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier, that the lands captured by Israel in the Six-Day War, including East Jerusalem, are occupied territory.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1898, during the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico was invaded and subsequently became a possession of the United States. The first years of the 20th century were marked by the struggle to obtain greater democratic rights from the United States. The Foraker Act of 1900, which established a civil government, and the Jones Act of 1917, which made Puerto Ricans U.S. citizens, paved the way for the drafting of Puerto Rico's Constitution and its approval by Congress and Puerto Rican voters in 1952. However, the political status of Puerto Rico, a Commonwealth controlled by the United States, remains an anomaly.", "title": "History of Puerto Rico" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres.", "title": "Errol Nolan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexandre da Silva A Cerdeira or simply Alex Cerdeira (born 14 April 1980 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian (Portuguese citizenship) midfielder/striker, who has played in some clubs in Europe, like Apollon Kalamarias, Dundee F.C., Íþróttabandalag Vestmannaeyja, Botev Plovdiv, and had the last contract ended in 2012 with Centro de Futebol Zico Sociedade Esportiva, Brazil. Alex joined Billericay Town F.C. in November 2012 and ended contract in May 2013. He made his first appearance against Cambridge United F.C. in the first round of the FA Trophy.", "title": "Alexandre Cerdeira" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2012, Benghazi, Libya is named one of the most dangerous places in the world, and countries have pulled their diplomatic offices out of the country in fear of an attack by militants. The United States, however, still has a diplomatic compound (not an official consulate) open in the city. Less than a mile away is a CIA outpost called \"The Annex\", which is protected by a team of private military contractors from Global Response Staff (GRS). New to the detail is Jack Silva, who arrives in Benghazi and is picked up by Tyrone \"Rone\" Woods, commander of the GRS team and a personal friend of Silva. Arriving at the Annex, Silva is introduced to the rest of the GRS team and the CIA Chief of Station, who constantly gives the team strict reminders to never engage the citizens.", "title": "13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lennox co-directed the music video with Joe Dyer. It featured Lennox dancing with travesty ballerinos in homage to Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo. The video also features actor Jake Canuso. It was nominated for a MTV award for Best Female Video.", "title": "No More 'I Love You's" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ibor Bakar (born 26 October 1986) is a Comorian football midfielder, who plays for French fourth division side US Marignane. He also holds French citizenship.", "title": "Ibor Bakar" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wálter Machado da Silva (born January 2, 1940 in Ribeirão Preto), better known as \"Silva Batuta\" in Brazil, or Machado da Silva in Argentina, is a former Brazilian footballer.", "title": "Silva Batuta" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: \"Albania is for sure the most pro-American country in Europe, maybe even in the world ... Nowhere else can you find such respect and hospitality for the President of the United States. Even in Michigan, he wouldn't be as welcome.\" At the time of ex-Secretary of State James Baker's visit in 1992, there was even a move to hold a referendum declaring the country as the 51st American state. In addition to Albania, Kosovo which is predominately Albanian is seen as a 51st state due to the heavily presence and influence of the United States. The US has had troops and the largest base outside US territory, Camp Bondsteel in the territory since 1999.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands.", "title": "List of island countries" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 created the Union Territory of Delhi from the its predecessor the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi. The Constitution (Sixty - ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along Civil lines, though with limited powers.", "title": "Delhi" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kristina Lennox-Silva (born April 24, 1985 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a female freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who was born in the United States. During her college career she swam for Villanova University and was a multiple time Big East finalist as well earning her All-Big East status. She represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and 2009 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Italy. She is the sister of Douglas Lennox-Silva, who also competed as a swimmer at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2009 World Championships.", "title": "Kristina Lennox-Silva" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "António da Silva Monteiro, 1st Count of Silva Monteiro (August 16, 1822, in Lordelo do Ouro, Porto – January 15, 1885) was a Portuguese nobleman.", "title": "António da Silva Monteiro, 1st Count of Silva Monteiro" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Countries and territories using 999 include Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Ghana, Hong Kong, Kenya, Macau, Malaysia, Mauritius, Qatar, Ireland, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Swaziland, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and Zimbabwe.", "title": "999 (emergency telephone number)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Why ''Single by Annie Lennox from the album Diva B - side`` Primitive'' Released March 28, 1992 Format 7 ''CD Maxi - Single Recorded July 1991 Genre Soul pop adult contemporary Length 4: 53 Label BMG Arista Songwriter (s) Annie Lennox Producer (s) Stephen Lipson Annie Lennox singles chronology ``Put a Little Love in Your Heart'' (1988)`` Why ''(1992) ``Precious'' (1992)`` Put a Little Love in Your Heart ''(1988) ``Why'' (1992)`` Precious ''(1992)", "title": "Why (Annie Lennox song)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war.", "title": "Declaration of war by the United States" } ]	When was the country of which Kristina Lennox-Silva is a national declared a US territory?	1898	[]	Title: History of Puerto Rico Passage: In 1898, during the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico was invaded and subsequently became a possession of the United States. The first years of the 20th century were marked by the struggle to obtain greater democratic rights from the United States. The Foraker Act of 1900, which established a civil government, and the Jones Act of 1917, which made Puerto Ricans U.S. citizens, paved the way for the drafting of Puerto Rico's Constitution and its approval by Congress and Puerto Rican voters in 1952. However, the political status of Puerto Rico, a Commonwealth controlled by the United States, remains an anomaly. Title: List of island countries Passage: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands. Title: 999 (emergency telephone number) Passage: Countries and territories using 999 include Bahrain, Bangladesh, Botswana, Ghana, Hong Kong, Kenya, Macau, Malaysia, Mauritius, Qatar, Ireland, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Swaziland, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and Zimbabwe. Title: 51st state Passage: Albania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: "Albania is for sure the most pro-American country in Europe, maybe even in the world ... Nowhere else can you find such respect and hospitality for the President of the United States. Even in Michigan, he wouldn't be as welcome." At the time of ex-Secretary of State James Baker's visit in 1992, there was even a move to hold a referendum declaring the country as the 51st American state. In addition to Albania, Kosovo which is predominately Albanian is seen as a 51st state due to the heavily presence and influence of the United States. The US has had troops and the largest base outside US territory, Camp Bondsteel in the territory since 1999. Title: 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi Passage: In 2012, Benghazi, Libya is named one of the most dangerous places in the world, and countries have pulled their diplomatic offices out of the country in fear of an attack by militants. The United States, however, still has a diplomatic compound (not an official consulate) open in the city. Less than a mile away is a CIA outpost called "The Annex", which is protected by a team of private military contractors from Global Response Staff (GRS). New to the detail is Jack Silva, who arrives in Benghazi and is picked up by Tyrone "Rone" Woods, commander of the GRS team and a personal friend of Silva. Arriving at the Annex, Silva is introduced to the rest of the GRS team and the CIA Chief of Station, who constantly gives the team strict reminders to never engage the citizens. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Silva Batuta Passage: Wálter Machado da Silva (born January 2, 1940 in Ribeirão Preto), better known as "Silva Batuta" in Brazil, or Machado da Silva in Argentina, is a former Brazilian footballer. Title: Kristina Lennox-Silva Passage: Kristina Lennox-Silva (born April 24, 1985 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a female freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who was born in the United States. During her college career she swam for Villanova University and was a multiple time Big East finalist as well earning her All-Big East status. She represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and 2009 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Italy. She is the sister of Douglas Lennox-Silva, who also competed as a swimmer at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2009 World Championships. Title: Delhi Passage: The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and the States Reorganisation Act, 1956 created the Union Territory of Delhi from the its predecessor the Chief Commissioner's Province of Delhi. The Constitution (Sixty - ninth Amendment) Act, 1991 declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as the National Capital Territory of Delhi. The Act gave Delhi its own legislative assembly along Civil lines, though with limited powers. Title: Errol Nolan Passage: Errol Osbourne Nolan II (born August 18, 1991) is an American born sprinter of Jamaican descent who holds dual citizenship with both countries. He now competes for Jamaica as of 2012. He specialises in the 200 and 400 metres. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: No More 'I Love You's Passage: Lennox co-directed the music video with Joe Dyer. It featured Lennox dancing with travesty ballerinos in homage to Les Ballets Trockadero de Monte Carlo. The video also features actor Jake Canuso. It was nominated for a MTV award for Best Female Video. Title: Declaration of war by the United States Passage: The last time the United States declared war on any nation was in 1942, when war was declared against Axis - allied Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania, because President Franklin Roosevelt thought it was improper to engage in hostilities against a country without a declaration of war. Since then, every American president has used military force without a declaration of war. Title: Israel Passage: Since Israel's capture of these territories, Israeli settlements and military installations have been built within each of them. Israel has applied civilian law to the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem and granted their inhabitants permanent residency status and the ability to apply for citizenship. The West Bank, outside of the Israeli settlements within the territory, has remained under direct military rule, and Palestinians in this area cannot become Israeli citizens. Israel withdrew its military forces and dismantled the Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip as part of its disengagement from Gaza though it continues to maintain control of its airspace and waters. The UN Security Council has declared the annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem to be "null and void" and continues to view the territories as occupied. The International Court of Justice, principal judicial organ of the United Nations, asserted, in its 2004 advisory opinion on the legality of the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier, that the lands captured by Israel in the Six-Day War, including East Jerusalem, are occupied territory. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Why (Annie Lennox song) Passage: ``Why ''Single by Annie Lennox from the album Diva B - side`` Primitive'' Released March 28, 1992 Format 7 ''CD Maxi - Single Recorded July 1991 Genre Soul pop adult contemporary Length 4: 53 Label BMG Arista Songwriter (s) Annie Lennox Producer (s) Stephen Lipson Annie Lennox singles chronology ``Put a Little Love in Your Heart'' (1988)`` Why ''(1992) ``Precious'' (1992)`` Put a Little Love in Your Heart ''(1988) ``Why'' (1992)`` Precious ''(1992) Title: Ibor Bakar Passage: Ibor Bakar (born 26 October 1986) is a Comorian football midfielder, who plays for French fourth division side US Marignane. He also holds French citizenship.	[ "History of Puerto Rico", "Kristina Lennox-Silva" ]
2hop__9497_75635	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Western Allied invasion of Germany was coordinated by the Western Allies during the final months of hostilities in the European theatre of World War II. The Allied invasion of Germany started with the Western Allies crossing the Rhine River in March 1945 before fanning out and overrunning all of western Germany from the Baltic in the north to Austria in the south before the Germans surrendered on 8 May 1945. This is known as the ``Central Europe Campaign ''in United States military histories.", "title": "Western Allied invasion of Germany" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Dunkirk was a military operation that took place in Dunkirk (Dunkerque), France, during the Second World War. The battle was fought between the Allies and Nazi Germany. As part of the Battle of France on the Western Front, the Battle of Dunkirk was the defence and evacuation to Britain of British and other Allied forces in Europe from 26 May to 4 June 1940.", "title": "Battle of Dunkirk" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Second Battle of Rivas occurred on 11 April 1856 between Costa Rican militia under General Mora and the Nicaraguan forces of William Walker. The lesser known First Battle of Rivas took place on the 29 June 1855 between Walker's forces and the forces of the Chamorro government of Nicaragua.", "title": "Second Battle of Rivas" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Burgoyne's strategy to divide New England from the southern colonies had started well but slowed due to logistical problems. He won a small tactical victory over General Horatio Gates and the Continental Army in the September 19 Battle of Freeman's Farm at the cost of significant casualties. His gains were erased when he again attacked the Americans in the October 7 Battle of Bemis Heights and the Americans captured a portion of the British defenses. Burgoyne was therefore compelled to retreat, and his army was surrounded by the much larger American force at Saratoga, forcing him to surrender on October 17. News of Burgoyne's surrender was instrumental in formally bringing France into the war as an American ally, although it had previously given supplies, ammunition, and guns, notably the de Valliere cannon which played an important role in Saratoga. This battle also resulted in Spain joining France in the war against Britain.", "title": "Battles of Saratoga" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war against Germany involved aid to Britain, her allies, and the Soviet Union, with the U.S. supplying munitions until it could ready an invasion force. U.S. forces were first tested to a limited degree in the North African Campaign and then employed more significantly with British Forces in Italy in 1943 -- 45, where U.S. forces, representing about a third of the Allied forces deployed, bogged down after Italy surrendered and the Germans took over. Finally the main invasion of France took place in June 1944, under General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Meanwhile, the U.S. Army Air Forces and the British Royal Air Force engaged in the area bombardment of German cities and systematically targeted German transportation links and synthetic oil plants, as it knocked out what was left of the Luftwaffe post Battle of Britain in 1944. With the Soviets unstoppable in the east, and the Allies unstoppable in the west, Germany was squeezed to death. Berlin fell to the Soviets in May 1945, and with Adolf Hitler dead, the Germans surrendered.", "title": "Military history of the United States during World War II" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However Italy's conquests were always heavily contested, both by various insurgencies (most prominently the Greek resistance and Yugoslav partisans) and Allied military forces, which waged the Battle of the Mediterranean throughout and beyond Italy's participation. Ultimately the Italian empire collapsed after disastrous defeats in the Eastern European and North African campaigns. In July 1943, following the Allied invasion of Sicily, Benito Mussolini was arrested by order of King Victor Emmanuel III, provoking a civil war. Italy's military outside of the peninsula itself collapsed, its occupied and annexed territories falling under German control. Italy surrendered to the Allies at the end of the Italian Campaign.", "title": "Military history of Italy during World War II" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the great Battle of Dresden (26–27 August 1813), the Battle of Kulm took place here on 29–30 August, between the French Empire under Dominique Vandamme and an allied army of Austrians, Prussians, and Russians. The French were defeated and Vandamme surrendered with his army of 10,000 men. The heights above Kulm were the site of the Second Battle of Kulm, 17 September 1813.", "title": "Chlumec (Ústí nad Labem District)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Allies took place in late April and early May 1945.", "title": "End of World War II in Europe" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets and the western front with the Allies. The British wanted Berlin, but Eisenhower decided it would be a military mistake for him to attack Berlin, and said orders to that effect would have to be explicit. The British backed down, but then wanted Eisenhower to move into Czechoslovakia for political reasons. Washington refused to support Churchill's plan to use Eisenhower's army for political maneuvers against Moscow. The actual division of Germany followed the lines that Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin had previously agreed upon. The Soviet Red Army captured Berlin in a very large-scale bloody battle, and the Germans finally surrendered on May 7, 1945.", "title": "Dwight D. Eisenhower" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Japan, 14 August is considered to be the day that the Pacific War ended. However, as Imperial Japan actually surrendered on 15 August, this day became known in the English-speaking countries as \"V-J Day\" (Victory in Japan). The formal Japanese Instrument of Surrender was signed on 2 September 1945, on the battleship USS Missouri, in Tokyo Bay. The surrender was accepted by General Douglas MacArthur as Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, with representatives of several Allied nations, from a Japanese delegation led by Mamoru Shigemitsu and Yoshijiro Umezu.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hard-fought battles on the Japanese home islands of Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and others resulted in horrific casualties on both sides but finally produced a Japanese defeat. Of the 117,000 Japanese troops defending Okinawa, 94 percent died. Faced with the loss of most of their experienced pilots, the Japanese increased their use of kamikaze tactics in an attempt to create unacceptably high casualties for the Allies. The U.S. Navy proposed to force a Japanese surrender through a total naval blockade and air raids.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Luzon (Filipino: \"Labanan sa Luzon\"), fought 9 January – 15 August 1945, was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan. The battle resulted in a U.S. and Filipino victory. The Allies had taken control of all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon by March 1945, although pockets of Japanese resistance held out in the mountains until the unconditional surrender of Japan. While not the highest in U.S. casualties, it is the highest net casualty battle U.S. forces fought in World War II, with 192,000 to 205,000 Japanese combatants dead (mostly from starvation and disease), 10,000 American combatants killed, and between 120,000 and 140,000 Filipino civilians and combatants killed.", "title": "Battle of Luzon" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies of World War II. It was signed at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both King Victor Emmanuel III and Italian Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio. The armistice stipulated the surrender of Italy to the Allies.", "title": "Armistice of Cassibile" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops, the suicide of Adolf Hitler and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Japan formally surrendered on 2 September 1945. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies.", "title": "World War II" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ski troops were trained for the war, and battles were waged in mountainous areas such as the battle at Riva Ridge in Italy, where the American 10th Mountain Division encountered heavy resistance in February 1945. At the end of the war, a substantial amount of Nazi plunder was found stored in Austria, where Hitler had hoped to retreat as the war drew to a close. The salt mines surrounding the Altaussee area, where American troops found 75 kilos of gold coins stored in a single mine, were used to store looted art, jewels, and currency; vast quantities of looted art were found and returned to the owners.", "title": "Alps" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Soviet Union and the Western Allies took place in late April and early May 1945.", "title": "End of World War II in Europe" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pacific War saw the Allies pitted against Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by the Axis allied Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the Allies, accompanied by the Soviet declaration of war and invasion of Manchuria on 9 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Japan's Shinto Emperor was forced to relinquish much of his authority and his divine status through the Shinto Directive in order to pave the way for extensive cultural and political reforms.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Peter Riva was born on May 11, 1950, in Manhattan to William Riva, a Broadway and TV set designer, and Maria Riva, the only child of Marlene Dietrich, who was an early TV star (for William S. Paley, CBS) and Broadway actress. His older brother J. Michael Riva, a production designer, died in 2012 and has two younger brothers, John Paul and John David.", "title": "Peter Riva" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Army of Northern Virginia surrendered on April 9 around noon followed by General St. John Richardson Liddell's troops some six hours later. Mosby's Raiders disbanded on April 21, General Joseph E. Johnston and his various armies surrendered on April 26, the Confederate departments of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana surrendered on May 4, and the Confederate District of the Gulf, commanded by Major General Dabney Herndon Maury, surrendered on May 5. Confederate President Jefferson Davis was captured on May 10, along with the Confederate Departments of Florida and South Georgia, commanded by Confederate Major General Samuel Jones. Also on May 10, U.S. President Andrew Johnson declared the rebellion's armed resistance virtually ended. Thompson's Brigade surrendered on May 11, Confederate forces of North Georgia surrendered on May 12, and Kirby Smith surrendered on May 26 (officially signed June 2). The last battle of the American Civil War was the Battle of Palmito Ranch in Texas on May 12 and 13. The last significant Confederate active force to surrender was the Confederate allied Cherokee Brigadier General Stand Watie and his Indian soldiers on June 23. The last Confederate surrender occurred on November 6, 1865, when the Confederate warship CSS Shenandoah surrendered at Liverpool, England. President Johnson formally declared the end of the war on August 20, 1866.", "title": "Conclusion of the American Civil War" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brigadier Dudley Wrangel Clarke ( – ) was an officer in the British Army, known as a pioneer of military deception operations during the Second World War. His ideas for combining fictional orders of battle, visual deception and double agents helped define Allied deception strategy during the war, for which he has been referred to as \"the greatest British deceiver of WW2\". Clarke was also instrumental in the founding of three famous military units, namely the British Commandos, the Special Air Service and the US Rangers.", "title": "Dudley Clarke" } ]	When did the country that the battle at Riva Ridge took place in surrender to the Allies during WWII?	3 September 1943	[]	Title: World War II Passage: The war in Europe concluded with an invasion of Germany by the Western Allies and the Soviet Union, culminating in the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops, the suicide of Adolf Hitler and the subsequent German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945. Following the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Japan formally surrendered on 2 September 1945. Thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Pacific War saw the Allies pitted against Japan, the latter briefly aided by Thailand and to a much lesser extent by the Axis allied Germany and Italy. The war culminated in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and other large aerial bomb attacks by the Allies, accompanied by the Soviet declaration of war and invasion of Manchuria on 9 August 1945, resulting in the Japanese announcement of intent to surrender on 15 August 1945. The formal surrender of Japan ceremony took place aboard the battleship USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945. Japan's Shinto Emperor was forced to relinquish much of his authority and his divine status through the Shinto Directive in order to pave the way for extensive cultural and political reforms. Title: Military history of the United States during World War II Passage: The war against Germany involved aid to Britain, her allies, and the Soviet Union, with the U.S. supplying munitions until it could ready an invasion force. U.S. forces were first tested to a limited degree in the North African Campaign and then employed more significantly with British Forces in Italy in 1943 -- 45, where U.S. forces, representing about a third of the Allied forces deployed, bogged down after Italy surrendered and the Germans took over. Finally the main invasion of France took place in June 1944, under General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Meanwhile, the U.S. Army Air Forces and the British Royal Air Force engaged in the area bombardment of German cities and systematically targeted German transportation links and synthetic oil plants, as it knocked out what was left of the Luftwaffe post Battle of Britain in 1944. With the Soviets unstoppable in the east, and the Allies unstoppable in the west, Germany was squeezed to death. Berlin fell to the Soviets in May 1945, and with Adolf Hitler dead, the Germans surrendered. Title: End of World War II in Europe Passage: The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Soviet Union and the Western Allies took place in late April and early May 1945. Title: Battles of Saratoga Passage: Burgoyne's strategy to divide New England from the southern colonies had started well but slowed due to logistical problems. He won a small tactical victory over General Horatio Gates and the Continental Army in the September 19 Battle of Freeman's Farm at the cost of significant casualties. His gains were erased when he again attacked the Americans in the October 7 Battle of Bemis Heights and the Americans captured a portion of the British defenses. Burgoyne was therefore compelled to retreat, and his army was surrounded by the much larger American force at Saratoga, forcing him to surrender on October 17. News of Burgoyne's surrender was instrumental in formally bringing France into the war as an American ally, although it had previously given supplies, ammunition, and guns, notably the de Valliere cannon which played an important role in Saratoga. This battle also resulted in Spain joining France in the war against Britain. Title: Dwight D. Eisenhower Passage: The Germans launched a surprise counter offensive, in the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, which the Allies turned back in early 1945 after Eisenhower repositioned his armies and improved weather allowed the Air Force to engage. German defenses continued to deteriorate on both the eastern front with the Soviets and the western front with the Allies. The British wanted Berlin, but Eisenhower decided it would be a military mistake for him to attack Berlin, and said orders to that effect would have to be explicit. The British backed down, but then wanted Eisenhower to move into Czechoslovakia for political reasons. Washington refused to support Churchill's plan to use Eisenhower's army for political maneuvers against Moscow. The actual division of Germany followed the lines that Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin had previously agreed upon. The Soviet Red Army captured Berlin in a very large-scale bloody battle, and the Germans finally surrendered on May 7, 1945. Title: Conclusion of the American Civil War Passage: The Army of Northern Virginia surrendered on April 9 around noon followed by General St. John Richardson Liddell's troops some six hours later. Mosby's Raiders disbanded on April 21, General Joseph E. Johnston and his various armies surrendered on April 26, the Confederate departments of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana surrendered on May 4, and the Confederate District of the Gulf, commanded by Major General Dabney Herndon Maury, surrendered on May 5. Confederate President Jefferson Davis was captured on May 10, along with the Confederate Departments of Florida and South Georgia, commanded by Confederate Major General Samuel Jones. Also on May 10, U.S. President Andrew Johnson declared the rebellion's armed resistance virtually ended. Thompson's Brigade surrendered on May 11, Confederate forces of North Georgia surrendered on May 12, and Kirby Smith surrendered on May 26 (officially signed June 2). The last battle of the American Civil War was the Battle of Palmito Ranch in Texas on May 12 and 13. The last significant Confederate active force to surrender was the Confederate allied Cherokee Brigadier General Stand Watie and his Indian soldiers on June 23. The last Confederate surrender occurred on November 6, 1865, when the Confederate warship CSS Shenandoah surrendered at Liverpool, England. President Johnson formally declared the end of the war on August 20, 1866. Title: Second Battle of Rivas Passage: The Second Battle of Rivas occurred on 11 April 1856 between Costa Rican militia under General Mora and the Nicaraguan forces of William Walker. The lesser known First Battle of Rivas took place on the 29 June 1855 between Walker's forces and the forces of the Chamorro government of Nicaragua. Title: Alps Passage: Ski troops were trained for the war, and battles were waged in mountainous areas such as the battle at Riva Ridge in Italy, where the American 10th Mountain Division encountered heavy resistance in February 1945. At the end of the war, a substantial amount of Nazi plunder was found stored in Austria, where Hitler had hoped to retreat as the war drew to a close. The salt mines surrounding the Altaussee area, where American troops found 75 kilos of gold coins stored in a single mine, were used to store looted art, jewels, and currency; vast quantities of looted art were found and returned to the owners. Title: Peter Riva Passage: John Peter Riva was born on May 11, 1950, in Manhattan to William Riva, a Broadway and TV set designer, and Maria Riva, the only child of Marlene Dietrich, who was an early TV star (for William S. Paley, CBS) and Broadway actress. His older brother J. Michael Riva, a production designer, died in 2012 and has two younger brothers, John Paul and John David. Title: End of World War II in Europe Passage: The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Allies took place in late April and early May 1945. Title: Dudley Clarke Passage: Brigadier Dudley Wrangel Clarke ( – ) was an officer in the British Army, known as a pioneer of military deception operations during the Second World War. His ideas for combining fictional orders of battle, visual deception and double agents helped define Allied deception strategy during the war, for which he has been referred to as "the greatest British deceiver of WW2". Clarke was also instrumental in the founding of three famous military units, namely the British Commandos, the Special Air Service and the US Rangers. Title: Battle of Dunkirk Passage: The Battle of Dunkirk was a military operation that took place in Dunkirk (Dunkerque), France, during the Second World War. The battle was fought between the Allies and Nazi Germany. As part of the Battle of France on the Western Front, the Battle of Dunkirk was the defence and evacuation to Britain of British and other Allied forces in Europe from 26 May to 4 June 1940. Title: Western Allied invasion of Germany Passage: The Western Allied invasion of Germany was coordinated by the Western Allies during the final months of hostilities in the European theatre of World War II. The Allied invasion of Germany started with the Western Allies crossing the Rhine River in March 1945 before fanning out and overrunning all of western Germany from the Baltic in the north to Austria in the south before the Germans surrendered on 8 May 1945. This is known as the ``Central Europe Campaign ''in United States military histories. Title: Armistice of Cassibile Passage: The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies of World War II. It was signed at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both King Victor Emmanuel III and Italian Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio. The armistice stipulated the surrender of Italy to the Allies. Title: Battle of Luzon Passage: The Battle of Luzon (Filipino: "Labanan sa Luzon"), fought 9 January – 15 August 1945, was a land battle of the Pacific Theater of Operations of World War II by the Allied forces of the U.S., its colony the Philippines, and allies against forces of the Empire of Japan. The battle resulted in a U.S. and Filipino victory. The Allies had taken control of all strategically and economically important locations of Luzon by March 1945, although pockets of Japanese resistance held out in the mountains until the unconditional surrender of Japan. While not the highest in U.S. casualties, it is the highest net casualty battle U.S. forces fought in World War II, with 192,000 to 205,000 Japanese combatants dead (mostly from starvation and disease), 10,000 American combatants killed, and between 120,000 and 140,000 Filipino civilians and combatants killed. Title: Pacific War Passage: Hard-fought battles on the Japanese home islands of Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and others resulted in horrific casualties on both sides but finally produced a Japanese defeat. Of the 117,000 Japanese troops defending Okinawa, 94 percent died. Faced with the loss of most of their experienced pilots, the Japanese increased their use of kamikaze tactics in an attempt to create unacceptably high casualties for the Allies. The U.S. Navy proposed to force a Japanese surrender through a total naval blockade and air raids.	[ "Armistice of Cassibile", "Alps" ]
2hop__685660_135703	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.", "title": "Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.", "title": "John Francis Sheehan" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "title": "Lake Pontchartrain" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it.", "title": "Drinkin' Problem" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named.", "title": "Frank Burr Mallory" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The name \"\" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name \"Niger\", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name \"egerew n-igerewen\" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named.", "title": "William M. Hobby" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services.", "title": "Sistine Chapel ceiling" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named.", "title": "653 Berenike" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named.", "title": "Camp Connor" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the \"Bertrand lens\" or phase telescope.", "title": "Émile Bertrand" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter.", "title": "Yun Kōga" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark.", "title": "JCB (company)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ipokia is a Local Government Area in the west of Ogun State, Nigeria bordering the Republic of Benin. Its headquarters is Ipokia town. There are other towns like Idiroko, Oniro, Ita Egbe, Ihunbo, Agosasa, Aseko, Maun, Koko, Iropo, Alaari, Tube, Ilashe, Ifonyintedo, Madoga, Ijofin and Tongeji in the town of Ipokia at.", "title": "Ipokia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: \"Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià\") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV).", "title": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country" } ]	What was the country where Ipokia is located named after?	Niger River	[]	Title: Ipokia Passage: Ipokia is a Local Government Area in the west of Ogun State, Nigeria bordering the Republic of Benin. Its headquarters is Ipokia town. There are other towns like Idiroko, Oniro, Ita Egbe, Ihunbo, Agosasa, Aseko, Maun, Koko, Iropo, Alaari, Tube, Ilashe, Ifonyintedo, Madoga, Ijofin and Tongeji in the town of Ipokia at. Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after. Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: William M. Hobby Passage: William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems. Title: Frank Burr Mallory Passage: Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named. Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: Émile Bertrand Passage: Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the "Bertrand lens" or phase telescope. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: Camp Connor Passage: Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. Title: Sistine Chapel ceiling Passage: The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. Title: JCB (company) Passage: JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark. Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.	[ "Nigeria", "Ipokia" ]
4hop3__312602_629330_38965_63115	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Paleozoic spanned from roughly 541 to 252 million years ago (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the Paleozoic starts shortly after the breakup of a supercontinent called Pannotia and at the end of a global ice age. Throughout the early Paleozoic, the Earth's landmass was broken up into a substantial number of relatively small continents. Toward the end of the era the continents gathered together into a supercontinent called Pangaea, which included most of the Earth's land area.", "title": "Geological history of Earth" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Islamic architecture began in the 7th century CE, incorporating architectural forms from the ancient Middle East and Byzantium, but also developing features to suit the religious and social needs of the society. Examples can be found throughout the Middle East, North Africa, Spain and the Indian Sub-continent. The widespread application of the pointed arch was to influence European architecture of the Medieval period.", "title": "Architecture" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In electrical engineering, three - phase electric power systems have at least three conductors carrying alternating current voltages that are offset in time by one - third of the period. A three - phase system may be arranged in delta (∆) or star (Y) (also denoted as wye in some areas). A wye system allows the use of two different voltages from all three phases, such as a 230 / 400 V system which provides 230 V between the neutral (centre hub) and any one of the phases, and 400 V across any two phases. A delta system arrangement only provides one voltage magnitude, however it has a greater redundancy as it may continue to operate normally with one of the three supply windings offline, albeit at 57.7% of total capacity. Harmonic current in the neutral may become very large if non-linear loads are connected.", "title": "Three-phase" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the Eocene (56 million years ago - 33.9 million years ago), the continents continued to drift toward their present positions. At the beginning of the period, Australia and Antarctica remained connected, and warm equatorial currents mixed with colder Antarctic waters, distributing the heat around the world and keeping global temperatures high. But when Australia split from the southern continent around 45 Ma, the warm equatorial currents were deflected away from Antarctica, and an isolated cold water channel developed between the two continents. The Antarctic region cooled down, and the ocean surrounding Antarctica began to freeze, sending cold water and ice floes north, reinforcing the cooling. The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago.[citation needed]", "title": "Geological history of Earth" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.", "title": "Renaissance" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mouth Maze Cave is a large, labyrinthine river cave in Trelawny, Jamaica. It is the only exit of the Mouth River from a small valley which, during intense rainfall, becomes flooded as the flow backs up. Because of this it can only safely be visited in very dry periods.", "title": "Mouth Maze Cave" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vocal music in the Renaissance is noted for the flourishing of an increasingly elaborate polyphonic style. The principal liturgical forms which endured throughout the entire Renaissance period were masses and motets, with some other developments towards the end, especially as composers of sacred music began to adopt secular forms (such as the madrigal) for their own designs. Towards the end of the period, the early dramatic precursors of opera such as monody, the madrigal comedy, and the intermedio are seen.", "title": "Classical music" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As the accomplishments of the era came to be better understood in the 18th and 20th centuries, scholars began restricting the ``Dark Ages ''appellation to the Early Middle Ages (c. 5th -- 10th century). The majority of modern scholars avoid the term altogether due to its negative connotations, finding it misleading and inaccurate. The original definition remains in popular use, and popular culture often employs it as a vehicle to depict the Middle Ages as a time of backwardness, extending its pejorative use and expanding its scope.", "title": "Dark Ages (historiography)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The river has its sources in the eastern part of Belgorod Oblast, on the southeastern slopes of the Central Russian Upland. It flows in a northeasterly direction, and joins the Don some west of the town of Liski in Voronezh Oblast.", "title": "Tikhaya Sosna River" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Tanais River in 373 AD between the Huns and the Alans, was fought on the traditional border between Asia and Europe. The Huns were victorious.", "title": "Battle of the Tanais River" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Waldemar Rosenberger, (, Vladimir Karlovich Rozenberger, 1848–1918) from Saint Petersburg, Russia, became director of the Volapük Academy in 1892. Under his leadership, the Academy began to experiment more with the Volapük language. In 1902 the Academy proposed a heavily revised version which was known as Neutral and later Idiom Neutral.", "title": "Waldemar Rosenberger" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Early humanists saw no conflict between reason and their Christian faith (see Christian Humanism). They inveighed against the abuses of the Church, but not against the Church itself, much less against religion. For them, the word \"secular\" carried no connotations of disbelief – that would come later, in the nineteenth century. In the Renaissance to be secular meant simply to be in the world rather than in a monastery. Petrarch frequently admitted that his brother Gherardo's life as a Carthusian monk was superior to his own (although Petrarch himself was in Minor Orders and was employed by the Church all his life). He hoped that he could do some good by winning earthly glory and praising virtue, inferior though that might be to a life devoted solely to prayer. By embracing a non-theistic philosophic base, however, the methods of the humanists, combined with their eloquence, would ultimately have a corrosive effect on established authority.", "title": "Humanism" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hirsch held the opinion that Judaism demands an application of Torah thought to the entire realm of human experience, including the secular disciplines. His approach was termed the Torah im Derech Eretz approach, or \"neo-Orthodoxy\". While insisting on strict adherence to Jewish beliefs and practices, he held that Jews should attempt to engage and influence the modern world, and encouraged those secular studies compatible with Torah thought. This pattern of religious and secular involvement has been evident at many times in Jewish history. Scholars[who?] believe it was characteristic of the Jews in Babylon during the Amoraic and Geonic periods, and likewise in early medieval Spain, shown by their engagement with both Muslim and Christian society. It appeared as the traditional response to cultural and scientific innovation.", "title": "Orthodox Judaism" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Entiako Provincial Park and Protected Area is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the south flank of the Nechako River watercourse . It was formerly part of Tweedsmuir Provincial Park until that park was broken up; its sibling parks from that change are Tweedsmuir North Provincial Park and Protected Area and Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park.", "title": "Entiako Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brisbane Youth Radio began test transmissions in late 2002 and began full-time broadcasting at 8 am on 7 April 2003, identifying as i-1197. From this period of time until January 2005, the station broadcast an uninhibited range of music genres and programming, with a slight focus on Top 40 music.", "title": "Brisbane Youth Radio" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ordovician Period started at a major extinction event called the Cambrian-Ordovician extinction events some time about 485.4 ± 1.9 Ma. During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana. Gondwana started the period in the equatorial latitudes and, as the period progressed, drifted toward the South Pole. Early in the Ordovician the continents Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent Pannotia earlier), but Baltica began to move toward Laurentia later in the period, causing the Iapetus Ocean to shrink between them. Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia. The Rheic Ocean was formed as a result of this. By the end of the period, Gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated.", "title": "Geological history of Earth" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Corn Belt is a region of the Midwestern United States that, since the 1850s, has dominated corn production in the United States. More generally, the concept of the ``Corn Belt ''connotes the area of the Midwest dominated by farming. Many towns in this area are connected to powerful farm organizations with lobbying power.", "title": "Corn Belt" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West - Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger - Congo, Nilo - Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya obtained independence in December 1963, but remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution, Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties, governed by elected governors.", "title": "Kenya" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. It is part of a pattern of increased immigration to Europe from other continents which began in the late 20th century and which has encountered resistance in many European countries.", "title": "European migrant crisis" } ]	The era where secular had a more neutral connotation began in which country on the continent that includes the mouth of the Tikhaya Sosna?	seemingly in Italy	[ "Italy", "ITA", "IT", "it" ]	Title: Modern history Passage: At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior. Title: Humanism Passage: Early humanists saw no conflict between reason and their Christian faith (see Christian Humanism). They inveighed against the abuses of the Church, but not against the Church itself, much less against religion. For them, the word "secular" carried no connotations of disbelief – that would come later, in the nineteenth century. In the Renaissance to be secular meant simply to be in the world rather than in a monastery. Petrarch frequently admitted that his brother Gherardo's life as a Carthusian monk was superior to his own (although Petrarch himself was in Minor Orders and was employed by the Church all his life). He hoped that he could do some good by winning earthly glory and praising virtue, inferior though that might be to a life devoted solely to prayer. By embracing a non-theistic philosophic base, however, the methods of the humanists, combined with their eloquence, would ultimately have a corrosive effect on established authority. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: The Ordovician Period started at a major extinction event called the Cambrian-Ordovician extinction events some time about 485.4 ± 1.9 Ma. During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana. Gondwana started the period in the equatorial latitudes and, as the period progressed, drifted toward the South Pole. Early in the Ordovician the continents Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent Pannotia earlier), but Baltica began to move toward Laurentia later in the period, causing the Iapetus Ocean to shrink between them. Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia. The Rheic Ocean was formed as a result of this. By the end of the period, Gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated. Title: Tikhaya Sosna River Passage: The river has its sources in the eastern part of Belgorod Oblast, on the southeastern slopes of the Central Russian Upland. It flows in a northeasterly direction, and joins the Don some west of the town of Liski in Voronezh Oblast. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: During the Eocene (56 million years ago - 33.9 million years ago), the continents continued to drift toward their present positions. At the beginning of the period, Australia and Antarctica remained connected, and warm equatorial currents mixed with colder Antarctic waters, distributing the heat around the world and keeping global temperatures high. But when Australia split from the southern continent around 45 Ma, the warm equatorial currents were deflected away from Antarctica, and an isolated cold water channel developed between the two continents. The Antarctic region cooled down, and the ocean surrounding Antarctica began to freeze, sending cold water and ice floes north, reinforcing the cooling. The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago.[citation needed] Title: Kenya Passage: The African Great Lakes region, which Kenya is a part of, has been inhabited by humans since the Lower Paleolithic period. By the first millennium AD, the Bantu expansion had reached the area from West - Central Africa. The borders of the modern state consequently comprise the crossroads of the Niger - Congo, Nilo - Saharan and Afroasiatic areas of the continent, representing most major ethnolinguistic groups found in Africa. Bantu and Nilotic populations together constitute around 97% of the nation's residents. European and Arab presence in coastal Mombasa dates to the Early Modern period; European exploration of the interior began in the 19th century. The British Empire established the East Africa Protectorate in 1895, which starting in 1920 gave way to the Kenya Colony. Kenya obtained independence in December 1963, but remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Following a referendum in August 2010 and adoption of a new constitution, Kenya is now divided into 47 semi-autonomous counties, governed by elected governors. Title: Geological history of Earth Passage: The Paleozoic spanned from roughly 541 to 252 million years ago (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the Paleozoic starts shortly after the breakup of a supercontinent called Pannotia and at the end of a global ice age. Throughout the early Paleozoic, the Earth's landmass was broken up into a substantial number of relatively small continents. Toward the end of the era the continents gathered together into a supercontinent called Pangaea, which included most of the Earth's land area. Title: Waldemar Rosenberger Passage: Waldemar Rosenberger, (, Vladimir Karlovich Rozenberger, 1848–1918) from Saint Petersburg, Russia, became director of the Volapük Academy in 1892. Under his leadership, the Academy began to experiment more with the Volapük language. In 1902 the Academy proposed a heavily revised version which was known as Neutral and later Idiom Neutral. Title: Brisbane Youth Radio Passage: Brisbane Youth Radio began test transmissions in late 2002 and began full-time broadcasting at 8 am on 7 April 2003, identifying as i-1197. From this period of time until January 2005, the station broadcast an uninhibited range of music genres and programming, with a slight focus on Top 40 music. Title: Classical music Passage: Vocal music in the Renaissance is noted for the flourishing of an increasingly elaborate polyphonic style. The principal liturgical forms which endured throughout the entire Renaissance period were masses and motets, with some other developments towards the end, especially as composers of sacred music began to adopt secular forms (such as the madrigal) for their own designs. Towards the end of the period, the early dramatic precursors of opera such as monody, the madrigal comedy, and the intermedio are seen. Title: European migrant crisis Passage: The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. It is part of a pattern of increased immigration to Europe from other continents which began in the late 20th century and which has encountered resistance in many European countries. Title: Battle of the Tanais River Passage: The Battle of the Tanais River in 373 AD between the Huns and the Alans, was fought on the traditional border between Asia and Europe. The Huns were victorious. Title: Orthodox Judaism Passage: Hirsch held the opinion that Judaism demands an application of Torah thought to the entire realm of human experience, including the secular disciplines. His approach was termed the Torah im Derech Eretz approach, or "neo-Orthodoxy". While insisting on strict adherence to Jewish beliefs and practices, he held that Jews should attempt to engage and influence the modern world, and encouraged those secular studies compatible with Torah thought. This pattern of religious and secular involvement has been evident at many times in Jewish history. Scholars[who?] believe it was characteristic of the Jews in Babylon during the Amoraic and Geonic periods, and likewise in early medieval Spain, shown by their engagement with both Muslim and Christian society. It appeared as the traditional response to cultural and scientific innovation. Title: Renaissance Passage: The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age. Title: Dark Ages (historiography) Passage: As the accomplishments of the era came to be better understood in the 18th and 20th centuries, scholars began restricting the ``Dark Ages ''appellation to the Early Middle Ages (c. 5th -- 10th century). The majority of modern scholars avoid the term altogether due to its negative connotations, finding it misleading and inaccurate. The original definition remains in popular use, and popular culture often employs it as a vehicle to depict the Middle Ages as a time of backwardness, extending its pejorative use and expanding its scope. Title: Mouth Maze Cave Passage: Mouth Maze Cave is a large, labyrinthine river cave in Trelawny, Jamaica. It is the only exit of the Mouth River from a small valley which, during intense rainfall, becomes flooded as the flow backs up. Because of this it can only safely be visited in very dry periods. Title: Architecture Passage: Islamic architecture began in the 7th century CE, incorporating architectural forms from the ancient Middle East and Byzantium, but also developing features to suit the religious and social needs of the society. Examples can be found throughout the Middle East, North Africa, Spain and the Indian Sub-continent. The widespread application of the pointed arch was to influence European architecture of the Medieval period.	[ "Renaissance", "Tikhaya Sosna River", "Battle of the Tanais River", "Humanism" ]
2hop__277677_64689	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Baird High School is a public high school located in Baird, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Baird Independent School District located in central Callahan County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "title": "Baird High School" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Swett High School is located in Crockett, California, United States. It serves the communities of Crockett, Port Costa, Rodeo, and the Foxboro area of Hercules. It is named after John Swett, former California Superintendent of Public Instruction, elected in 1863. John Swett High School was established in 1927. The school remains in its original building complex, which was extensively renovated five years after original construction for seismic retrofitting at a cost of two-thirds of the original cost of the complex. John Swett High School is part of the John Swett Unified School District.", "title": "John Swett High School" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carlmont High School is a public high school in Belmont, California, United States serving grades 9–12 as part of the Sequoia Union High School District. Carlmont is a California Distinguished School.", "title": "Carlmont High School" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Piner High School (PHS) is a Public high school in Santa Rosa, California, United States. It is part of the Santa Rosa High School District, which is itself part of Santa Rosa City Schools.", "title": "Piner High School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trinity High School (THS) is a high school located in Weaverville, California, in Trinity County. The student population is 400, and the grades are 9-12.", "title": "Trinity High School (Weaverville, California)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Royal Sunset High School is a continuation high school in Hayward, California, United States, and is part of the San Lorenzo Unified School District.", "title": "Royal Sunset High School" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santa Maria High School (SMHS) is a public comprehensive high school in Santa Maria, California, United States. Located in the heart of the city, Santa Maria High School is the oldest school in the Santa Maria Valley and is part of the oldest high school district in California. The Santa Maria Joint Union High School District was founded on June 6, 1893.", "title": "Santa Maria High School" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 174,170. Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Redwood Empire, Wine Country and the North Bay; the fifth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 28th most populous city in California.", "title": "Santa Rosa, California" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carla Esparza's foray into mixed martial arts (MMA) began when she started wrestling for the varsity team during her junior year at Redondo Union High School in Redondo Beach, California. After winning multiple local and national high-school wrestling tournaments, Esparza was awarded a scholarship to Menlo College to wrestle under coach and former two-time Olympian Lee Allen.", "title": "Carla Esparza" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bonita High School is a high school located in the city of La Verne, California in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. Opened in 1903, it was the first high school in the Bonita Unified School District. It moved to its current campus in 1959. The majority of its students come from Ramona Middle School, which is also located in La Verne. The Bearcat athletic teams compete in the Palomares League of the CIF Southern Section.", "title": "Bonita High School" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Booker High School is a high school located in Sarasota, Florida. It is located in north Sarasota and is part of the school district of Sarasota County. The athletic teams are known as the Tornadoes.", "title": "Booker High School (Sarasota, Florida)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rancho Dominguez Preparatory School (RDPS) is a public middle and high school in Long Beach, California in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California, United States. It is a part of the Los Angeles Unified School District. It was previously named South Region High School #4.", "title": "Rancho Dominguez Preparatory School" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "San Gabriel Mission High School, the \"School with a Mission,\" is an all-girls Catholic College Preparatory high school located on the grounds of the fourth mission of California, which was founded in 1771 by Franciscan priests and often used by Junipero Serra as his headquarters. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Their Mission statement is:", "title": "San Gabriel Mission High School" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Elsie Allen High School (EAHS) is a high school located in Santa Rosa, California at 599 Bellevue Ave. It is part of the Santa Rosa High School District, which is itself part of Santa Rosa City Schools. The primary feeder school is Cook Middle School. The school is named after Elsie Allen.", "title": "Elsie Allen High School" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kress High School is a public high school located in Kress, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Kress Independent School District located in southern Swisher County. In 2013, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "title": "Kress High School" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monterey Trail High School (MTHS or MT) is a 9th-12th grade college preparatory high school located in Elk Grove, California. The school was established in the first decade of the 21st century as part of the Elk Grove Unified School District.", "title": "Monterey Trail High School" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Ribault High School is a public high school located in North Jacksonville, Florida. It is part of Duval County Public Schools.", "title": "Jean Ribault High School" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charlotte High School is a public high school located in Charlotte, Texas (USA) and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. It is part of the Charlotte Independent School District located in central Atascosa County. In 2015, the school was rated \"Met Standard\" by the Texas Education Agency.", "title": "Charlotte High School (Texas)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rosemont High School is a public high school located in Sacramento, California, USA. Designed by DLR Group, its completed buildings opened in 2003. Rosemont H.S. is part of the Sacramento City Unified School District.", "title": "Rosemont High School" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "La Habra High School is a public co-educational high school located in the Orange County, California city of La Habra. Located between the Coyote Hills to the south and Puente Hills to the north, LHHS opened in 1954 and graduated its first class in 1956. It is a California Distinguished High School and has been nominated as a National Blue Ribbon School. The school is a member of the Fullerton Joint Union High School District. LHHS absorbed a majority of the students from nearby Lowell High School when it closed in June 1980.", "title": "La Habra High School" } ]	What part of California is the city where Elsie Allen High School is located found in?	Sonoma County	[ "Sonoma County, California" ]	Title: Elsie Allen High School Passage: Elsie Allen High School (EAHS) is a high school located in Santa Rosa, California at 599 Bellevue Ave. It is part of the Santa Rosa High School District, which is itself part of Santa Rosa City Schools. The primary feeder school is Cook Middle School. The school is named after Elsie Allen. Title: John Swett High School Passage: John Swett High School is located in Crockett, California, United States. It serves the communities of Crockett, Port Costa, Rodeo, and the Foxboro area of Hercules. It is named after John Swett, former California Superintendent of Public Instruction, elected in 1863. John Swett High School was established in 1927. The school remains in its original building complex, which was extensively renovated five years after original construction for seismic retrofitting at a cost of two-thirds of the original cost of the complex. John Swett High School is part of the John Swett Unified School District. Title: Monterey Trail High School Passage: Monterey Trail High School (MTHS or MT) is a 9th-12th grade college preparatory high school located in Elk Grove, California. The school was established in the first decade of the 21st century as part of the Elk Grove Unified School District. Title: Bonita High School Passage: Bonita High School is a high school located in the city of La Verne, California in the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains. Opened in 1903, it was the first high school in the Bonita Unified School District. It moved to its current campus in 1959. The majority of its students come from Ramona Middle School, which is also located in La Verne. The Bearcat athletic teams compete in the Palomares League of the CIF Southern Section. Title: La Habra High School Passage: La Habra High School is a public co-educational high school located in the Orange County, California city of La Habra. Located between the Coyote Hills to the south and Puente Hills to the north, LHHS opened in 1954 and graduated its first class in 1956. It is a California Distinguished High School and has been nominated as a National Blue Ribbon School. The school is a member of the Fullerton Joint Union High School District. LHHS absorbed a majority of the students from nearby Lowell High School when it closed in June 1980. Title: Santa Rosa, California Passage: Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 174,170. Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Redwood Empire, Wine Country and the North Bay; the fifth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 28th most populous city in California. Title: Royal Sunset High School Passage: Royal Sunset High School is a continuation high school in Hayward, California, United States, and is part of the San Lorenzo Unified School District. Title: Charlotte High School (Texas) Passage: Charlotte High School is a public high school located in Charlotte, Texas (USA) and classified as a 2A school by the UIL. It is part of the Charlotte Independent School District located in central Atascosa County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. Title: Piner High School Passage: Piner High School (PHS) is a Public high school in Santa Rosa, California, United States. It is part of the Santa Rosa High School District, which is itself part of Santa Rosa City Schools. Title: Trinity High School (Weaverville, California) Passage: Trinity High School (THS) is a high school located in Weaverville, California, in Trinity County. The student population is 400, and the grades are 9-12. Title: Rosemont High School Passage: Rosemont High School is a public high school located in Sacramento, California, USA. Designed by DLR Group, its completed buildings opened in 2003. Rosemont H.S. is part of the Sacramento City Unified School District. Title: Kress High School Passage: Kress High School is a public high school located in Kress, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Kress Independent School District located in southern Swisher County. In 2013, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. Title: Jean Ribault High School Passage: Jean Ribault High School is a public high school located in North Jacksonville, Florida. It is part of Duval County Public Schools. Title: San Gabriel Mission High School Passage: San Gabriel Mission High School, the "School with a Mission," is an all-girls Catholic College Preparatory high school located on the grounds of the fourth mission of California, which was founded in 1771 by Franciscan priests and often used by Junipero Serra as his headquarters. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles. Their Mission statement is: Title: Rancho Dominguez Preparatory School Passage: Rancho Dominguez Preparatory School (RDPS) is a public middle and high school in Long Beach, California in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California, United States. It is a part of the Los Angeles Unified School District. It was previously named South Region High School #4. Title: Carla Esparza Passage: Carla Esparza's foray into mixed martial arts (MMA) began when she started wrestling for the varsity team during her junior year at Redondo Union High School in Redondo Beach, California. After winning multiple local and national high-school wrestling tournaments, Esparza was awarded a scholarship to Menlo College to wrestle under coach and former two-time Olympian Lee Allen. Title: Santa Maria High School Passage: Santa Maria High School (SMHS) is a public comprehensive high school in Santa Maria, California, United States. Located in the heart of the city, Santa Maria High School is the oldest school in the Santa Maria Valley and is part of the oldest high school district in California. The Santa Maria Joint Union High School District was founded on June 6, 1893.	[ "Santa Rosa, California", "Elsie Allen High School" ]
2hop__47665_27669	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "From North Sydney, a 177 km (110 mi) ferry route, operated by the Crown corporation Marine Atlantic, continues the highway to Newfoundland, arriving at Channel - Port aux Basques, whereby the Trans - Canada Highway assumes the designation of Highway 1 and runs northeast for 219 km (136 mi) through Corner Brook, east for another 352 km (219 mi) through Gander and finally ends at St. John's, another 334 km (208 mi) southeast, for a total of 905 km (562 mi) crossing the island. The majority of the Trans - Canada Highway in Newfoundland is undivided, though sections in Corner Brook, Grand Falls - Windsor, Glovertown and a 75 km section from Whitbourne to St. John's is divided.", "title": "Trans-Canada Highway" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aïn El Ibel is a town and commune in Djelfa Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 20,436.The N18 and the N1 Trans Saharan highway connects it to the provincial capital of Djelfa in the northeast. To the southwest of the town are a number of fields in which the inhabitants grow crops.", "title": "Aïn El Ibel" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Oskondaga River is a river in Thunder Bay District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a left tributary of the Shebandowan River. The river valley is paralleled by Ontario Highway 17, at this point part of the Trans-Canada Highway; and by both the Canadian Pacific Railway transcontinental main line, still in operation, and the Canadian National Railway Graham Subdivision main line, originally built as part of the National Transcontinental Railway, now abandoned.", "title": "Oskondaga River" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "St. John's is the eastern terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway, one of the longest national highways in the world. The divided highway, also known as \"Outer Ring Road\" in the city, runs just outside the main part of the city, with exits to Pitts Memorial Drive, Topsail Road, Team Gushue Highway, Thorburn Road, Allandale Road, Portugal Cove Road and Torbay Road, providing relatively easy access to neighbourhoods served by those streets. Pitts Memorial Drive runs from Conception Bay South, through the city of Mount Pearl and into downtown St. John's, with interchanges for Goulds, Water Street and Hamilton Avenue-New Gower Street.", "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saskatchewan Highway 641 is a highway in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, beginning at Highway 39 near Rouleau, and traveling north ending at Highway 15 at Semans. The highway intersects the Trans Canada Highway, Saskatchewan Highway 1 south of Pense and east of Belle Plaine, Highway 20 at Lumsden, and Highway 22 at Earl Grey. Local Improvement Districts were the precursors of rural municipalities which initially established and maintained roads in their area. Early settlers helped to construct and maintain the route and would get paid road improvement wages from the local rural municipality. The concurrency between Highway 20 and Highway 641 was constructed in 1927 following the removal of the Canadian National Railway line between Lumsden and Craven. The remainder of the road followed Dominion land survey township and range lines.", "title": "Saskatchewan Highway 641" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park is located on the Trans-Canada Highway just east of Rosedale, British Columbia, Canada, part of the City of Chilliwack. The community of Bridal Falls is located adjacent to the falls and park was well as the interchange between the Trans-Canada and BC Highway 9 and has a variety of highway-based tourism services.", "title": "Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dinorwic is an unincorporated settlement in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is situated on Highway 17 (the Trans-Canada Highway) at the junction of Highway 72.", "title": "Dinorwic, Ontario" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Falcon Lake is located in the Whiteshell Provincial Park in southeastern Manitoba, Canada. The lake is about 152 kilometres east of Winnipeg on the Trans-Canada Highway near the Ontario border. The lake is named for Métis poet and songwriter Pierre Falcon (1793-1876).", "title": "Falcon Lake (Manitoba)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "St. John's (/ˌseɪntˈdʒɒnz/, local /ˌseɪntˈdʒɑːnz/) is the capital and largest city in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. St. John's was incorporated as a city in 1888, yet is considered by some to be the oldest English-founded city in North America. It is located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. With a population of 214,285 as of July 1, 2015, the St. John's Metropolitan Area is the second largest Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) in Atlantic Canada after Halifax and the 20th largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is one of the world's top ten oceanside destinations, according to National Geographic Magazine. Its name has been attributed to the feast day of John the Baptist, when John Cabot was believed to have sailed into the harbour in 1497, and also to a Basque fishing town with the same name.", "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deep River is a town in Renfrew County, Ontario, Canada. Located along the Ottawa River, it lies about north-west of Ottawa on the Trans-Canada Highway. Deep River is opposite the Laurentian Mountains and the Province of Quebec. The name \"Deep River\" purportedly derives from the fact that the Ottawa River reaches its greatest depth of just outside the township. However, the Ottawa River reaches a depth of in Moose Bay which is located on the Holden Lake section west of Deux-Rivières.", "title": "Deep River, Ontario" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Highway 6 (, \"Kvish Shesh\"), also known as the Trans-Israel Highway or Cross-Israel Highway (, \"Kvish Ḥotzeh Yisra'el\"), is a major electronic toll highway in Israel. Highway 6 is the first Israeli Build-Operate-Transfer road constructed, carried out mainly by the private sector in return for a concession to collect tolls on the highway for a given number of years. It is also one of the largest infrastructure projects undertaken in Israel.", "title": "Highway 6 (Israel)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Candiac is an organized hamlet located at the intersection of Highway 48 and Highway 617 in the southeast quadrant of Saskatchewan, Canada. It is directly south of Wolseley, and between Montmartre and Glenavon, approximately one hour's drive southeast of the provincial capital Regina. It is no longer listed as a separate community by Statistics Canada, and is considered part of the Rural Municipality of Montmartre #126. The population within the community's boundary is less than 50. Besides some bush on the northern end of the town, it is surrounded by open fields and pasture.", "title": "Candiac, Saskatchewan" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yard Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park located 15 kilometres east of Sicamous along the Trans-Canada Highway in British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Yard Creek Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Burton Bridge is a steel through arch crossing the Saint John River between Maugerville and Burton, New Brunswick, Canada. The bridge connects routes 102 and 105 (formerly the Trans-Canada Highway), but has no numerical designation of its own.", "title": "Burton Bridge" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cache Creek, originally Rivière de la Cache, is a tributary of the Bonaparte River in the Thompson Country of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada, joining that river at the town of Cache Creek, British Columbia, which is located at the junction of the Trans-Canada and Cariboo Highways.", "title": "Cache Creek (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sherbrooke Lake is a lake in Yoho National Park, British Columbia, Canada. The lake is bounded on the west by Mount Ogden , Mount Niles to the north, and Paget Peak on the east side. The lake can be reached by following a three km hiking trail that begins from the Trans-Canada Highway across from Wapta Lake.", "title": "Sherbrooke Lake (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valley Airport is located adjacent to the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 104) in Valley, Nova Scotia, Canada, several kilometres northeast of Truro. The aerodrome was listed as closed in the Canada Flight Supplement dated 10 April 2008.", "title": "Valley Airport" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pineridge is a neighbourhood in Northeast Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and is one of four neighbourhoods that make up what is called the Properties, along with Whitehorn, Temple, and Rundle. It is bordered by 32 Ave NE to the north, 52nd Street NE to the west, 16th Avenue NE (Highway 1 – the Trans Canada Highway) to the south, and 68th Street NE to the east.", "title": "Pineridge, Calgary" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Granum is a town in southern Alberta, Canada. It is located at the junction of Highway 2 and Highway 519 west of Lethbridge. It was known as the Village of Leavings between 1904 and 1908. At a population of 447, Granum is the smallest town in Alberta.", "title": "Granum, Alberta" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mapleton Park is an urban nature park located in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. it is located in the rapidly growing northwest part of the city adjacent to the Trans Canada Highway and measures 1.21 km in area.", "title": "Mapleton Park, New Brunswick" } ]	In what year did the city at the end of the Trans-Canada Highway have a population of 214,285?	2015	[]	Title: Saskatchewan Highway 641 Passage: Saskatchewan Highway 641 is a highway in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, beginning at Highway 39 near Rouleau, and traveling north ending at Highway 15 at Semans. The highway intersects the Trans Canada Highway, Saskatchewan Highway 1 south of Pense and east of Belle Plaine, Highway 20 at Lumsden, and Highway 22 at Earl Grey. Local Improvement Districts were the precursors of rural municipalities which initially established and maintained roads in their area. Early settlers helped to construct and maintain the route and would get paid road improvement wages from the local rural municipality. The concurrency between Highway 20 and Highway 641 was constructed in 1927 following the removal of the Canadian National Railway line between Lumsden and Craven. The remainder of the road followed Dominion land survey township and range lines. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's is the eastern terminus of the Trans-Canada Highway, one of the longest national highways in the world. The divided highway, also known as "Outer Ring Road" in the city, runs just outside the main part of the city, with exits to Pitts Memorial Drive, Topsail Road, Team Gushue Highway, Thorburn Road, Allandale Road, Portugal Cove Road and Torbay Road, providing relatively easy access to neighbourhoods served by those streets. Pitts Memorial Drive runs from Conception Bay South, through the city of Mount Pearl and into downtown St. John's, with interchanges for Goulds, Water Street and Hamilton Avenue-New Gower Street. Title: Yard Creek Provincial Park Passage: Yard Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park located 15 kilometres east of Sicamous along the Trans-Canada Highway in British Columbia, Canada. Title: Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park Passage: Bridal Veil Falls Provincial Park is located on the Trans-Canada Highway just east of Rosedale, British Columbia, Canada, part of the City of Chilliwack. The community of Bridal Falls is located adjacent to the falls and park was well as the interchange between the Trans-Canada and BC Highway 9 and has a variety of highway-based tourism services. Title: Falcon Lake (Manitoba) Passage: Falcon Lake is located in the Whiteshell Provincial Park in southeastern Manitoba, Canada. The lake is about 152 kilometres east of Winnipeg on the Trans-Canada Highway near the Ontario border. The lake is named for Métis poet and songwriter Pierre Falcon (1793-1876). Title: Burton Bridge Passage: The Burton Bridge is a steel through arch crossing the Saint John River between Maugerville and Burton, New Brunswick, Canada. The bridge connects routes 102 and 105 (formerly the Trans-Canada Highway), but has no numerical designation of its own. Title: Pineridge, Calgary Passage: Pineridge is a neighbourhood in Northeast Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and is one of four neighbourhoods that make up what is called the Properties, along with Whitehorn, Temple, and Rundle. It is bordered by 32 Ave NE to the north, 52nd Street NE to the west, 16th Avenue NE (Highway 1 – the Trans Canada Highway) to the south, and 68th Street NE to the east. Title: Oskondaga River Passage: The Oskondaga River is a river in Thunder Bay District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a left tributary of the Shebandowan River. The river valley is paralleled by Ontario Highway 17, at this point part of the Trans-Canada Highway; and by both the Canadian Pacific Railway transcontinental main line, still in operation, and the Canadian National Railway Graham Subdivision main line, originally built as part of the National Transcontinental Railway, now abandoned. Title: Mapleton Park, New Brunswick Passage: Mapleton Park is an urban nature park located in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada. it is located in the rapidly growing northwest part of the city adjacent to the Trans Canada Highway and measures 1.21 km in area. Title: Candiac, Saskatchewan Passage: Candiac is an organized hamlet located at the intersection of Highway 48 and Highway 617 in the southeast quadrant of Saskatchewan, Canada. It is directly south of Wolseley, and between Montmartre and Glenavon, approximately one hour's drive southeast of the provincial capital Regina. It is no longer listed as a separate community by Statistics Canada, and is considered part of the Rural Municipality of Montmartre #126. The population within the community's boundary is less than 50. Besides some bush on the northern end of the town, it is surrounded by open fields and pasture. Title: Dinorwic, Ontario Passage: Dinorwic is an unincorporated settlement in northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is situated on Highway 17 (the Trans-Canada Highway) at the junction of Highway 72. Title: Highway 6 (Israel) Passage: Highway 6 (, "Kvish Shesh"), also known as the Trans-Israel Highway or Cross-Israel Highway (, "Kvish Ḥotzeh Yisra'el"), is a major electronic toll highway in Israel. Highway 6 is the first Israeli Build-Operate-Transfer road constructed, carried out mainly by the private sector in return for a concession to collect tolls on the highway for a given number of years. It is also one of the largest infrastructure projects undertaken in Israel. Title: Aïn El Ibel Passage: Aïn El Ibel is a town and commune in Djelfa Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 20,436.The N18 and the N1 Trans Saharan highway connects it to the provincial capital of Djelfa in the northeast. To the southwest of the town are a number of fields in which the inhabitants grow crops. Title: Valley Airport Passage: Valley Airport is located adjacent to the Trans-Canada Highway (Highway 104) in Valley, Nova Scotia, Canada, several kilometres northeast of Truro. The aerodrome was listed as closed in the Canada Flight Supplement dated 10 April 2008. Title: Granum, Alberta Passage: Granum is a town in southern Alberta, Canada. It is located at the junction of Highway 2 and Highway 519 west of Lethbridge. It was known as the Village of Leavings between 1904 and 1908. At a population of 447, Granum is the smallest town in Alberta. Title: Trans-Canada Highway Passage: From North Sydney, a 177 km (110 mi) ferry route, operated by the Crown corporation Marine Atlantic, continues the highway to Newfoundland, arriving at Channel - Port aux Basques, whereby the Trans - Canada Highway assumes the designation of Highway 1 and runs northeast for 219 km (136 mi) through Corner Brook, east for another 352 km (219 mi) through Gander and finally ends at St. John's, another 334 km (208 mi) southeast, for a total of 905 km (562 mi) crossing the island. The majority of the Trans - Canada Highway in Newfoundland is undivided, though sections in Corner Brook, Grand Falls - Windsor, Glovertown and a 75 km section from Whitbourne to St. John's is divided. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's (/ˌseɪntˈdʒɒnz/, local /ˌseɪntˈdʒɑːnz/) is the capital and largest city in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. St. John's was incorporated as a city in 1888, yet is considered by some to be the oldest English-founded city in North America. It is located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. With a population of 214,285 as of July 1, 2015, the St. John's Metropolitan Area is the second largest Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) in Atlantic Canada after Halifax and the 20th largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is one of the world's top ten oceanside destinations, according to National Geographic Magazine. Its name has been attributed to the feast day of John the Baptist, when John Cabot was believed to have sailed into the harbour in 1497, and also to a Basque fishing town with the same name.	[ "Trans-Canada Highway", "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" ]
2hop__808218_135703	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.", "title": "John Francis Sheehan" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it.", "title": "Drinkin' Problem" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named.", "title": "653 Berenike" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter.", "title": "Yun Kōga" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named.", "title": "Camp Connor" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "title": "Lake Pontchartrain" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.", "title": "Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services.", "title": "Sistine Chapel ceiling" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named.", "title": "William M. Hobby" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Garko is a Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Garko on the A237 highway.", "title": "Garko, Nigeria" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: \"Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià\") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV).", "title": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The name \"\" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name \"Niger\", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name \"egerew n-igerewen\" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the \"Bertrand lens\" or phase telescope.", "title": "Émile Bertrand" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated.", "title": "The Hireling Shepherd" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named.", "title": "Frank Burr Mallory" } ]	What was the country where Garko is located named for?	Niger River	[]	Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: Garko, Nigeria Passage: Garko is a Local Government Area in Kano State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Garko on the A237 highway. Title: Sistine Chapel ceiling Passage: The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: Yun Kōga Passage: , better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter. Title: Hotel Galvez Passage: The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Title: The Hireling Shepherd Passage: The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated. Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: William M. Hobby Passage: William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: Émile Bertrand Passage: Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the "Bertrand lens" or phase telescope. Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named.	[ "Garko, Nigeria", "Nigeria" ]
2hop__241996_181429	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is a large Christmas tree placed annually in Rockefeller Center, in Midtown Manhattan. The tree is erected in mid November and lit in a public ceremony in late November or early December. Since 1997, the lighting has been broadcast live, to hundreds of millions, on NBC's \"Christmas in Rockefeller Center\" telecast on a Wednesday after Thanksgiving. The broadcast features live entertainment and a tree lighting ceremony, where the tree is lit by the current Mayor of New York City and special guests. An estimated 125 million people visit the attraction each year.", "title": "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"A Christmas Tree and a Wedding\" (, \"Yolka i svad'ba\") is a short story written by Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevsky published in 1848. The piece is narrated by an awkward outcast attending a Christmas party. He observes the party's guest of honour and takes special interest in one of the children.", "title": "A Christmas Tree and a Wedding" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Christmas Tree\" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga. It was released on December 16, 2008 for digital download. It was written and produced by Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum, and Space Cowboy, who also provides guest vocals. Musically, \"Christmas Tree\" is a Christmas song with dance-pop and synthpop influences. It samples the classic Christmas song \"Deck the Halls\", as well as briefly using the lyrics \"Rum pum pum pum\" from the Christmas song \"The Little Drummer Boy\" in its intro. Lyrically, the song uses sexual innuendos.", "title": "Christmas Tree (Lady Gaga song)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Connor's parents, Buddy (Larry the Cable Guy), and Kim (Kathy Najimy), arrive at Connor and Lacey's house, as they have come to visit him for Christmas and are told that they must not mention that he and Lacey are married, as they do not know that Eileen has never wanted Lacey to marry a white man. Meanwhile, Eileen decides to get a Christmas tree and cuts down one with a yellow ribbon wrapped around it in the backyard, not knowing that Kim planted the tree in memory of her deceased father. When Eileen learns of this, she expresses no remorse, upsetting Kim. That night, Eileen walks in on Buddy and Kim, seeing Buddy with a sheet over his head, convincing her that Buddy is in the KKK. Now scared, she bars the door to the room that she and Madea are sharing.", "title": "A Madea Christmas (film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Peace on Earth / Little Drummer Boy ''(sometimes titled`` The Little Drummer Boy / Peace on Earth'') is a Christmas song with an added counterpoint performed by David Bowie and Bing Crosby. ``The Little Drummer Boy ''is a Christmas song written in 1941, while the`` Peace on Earth'' tune and lyrics, written by Ian Fraser, Larry Grossman, and Alan Kohan, were added to the song specially for Bowie and Crosby's recording.", "title": "Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lady Gaga Fame is the first fragrance created by American singer Lady Gaga. A Unisex fragrance, it was released in Guggenheim Museum and in Macy's stores in the United States and a range of different stores in the United Kingdom on August 22, 2012, and worldwide in September through the singer's Haus Laboratories label in association with Coty, Inc. According to promotional materials, the perfume uses \"push-pull technology\", rather than the pyramidal structure traditional of perfumes, to combine notes of \"atropa belladonna\", tiger orchid, incense, apricot, saffron and honey. As of 2013, the perfume has sold more than 30 million bottles and has earned more than 1.5 billion dollars worldwide.", "title": "Lady Gaga Fame" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Mary, Did You Know? ''is a Christmas song with lyrics written by Mark Lowry and music written by Buddy Greene. It was originally recorded by Christian recording artist Michael English on his self - titled debut solo album in 1991 (English and Lowry were both members of the Gaither Vocal Band at the time). It reached No. 6 on CCM Magazine's AC Chart. Lowry would record the song several times himself, most notably with the Gaither Vocal Band on their 1998 Christmas album Still the Greatest Story Ever Told.", "title": "Mary, Did You Know?" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Juglans sigillata, known as the iron walnut, is a species of walnut tree. The tree has been cultivated for its edible nuts. The nuts are oval-shaped with bumps and ridges. The tree is also used for its wood. It is commonly found in Yunnan, but are also found in Guizhou, Sichuan and Xizang in China. It is sometimes grown in gardens and parks as an ornamental plant.", "title": "Juglans sigillata" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Zion's Daughter\" is a 1982 Christmas single by German band Boney M., the second single to be released off their \"Christmas Album\", released in November 1981. It was a re-worked up-tempo version of Georg Friedrich Händel's \"See, the conqu'ring hero comes!\" (a song from his oratorio \"Judas Maccabaeus\") with English lyrics by Fred Jay. The tune of the German advent carol is well known in England as part of Henry Wood's Fantasia on British Sea Songs performed every year at the BBC's Last Night of the Proms concert.", "title": "Zion's Daughter" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Rockin 'Around the Christmas Tree ''is a Christmas song written by Johnny Marks and recorded by Brenda Lee in 1958. By the song's 50th anniversary in 2008, Lee's original version had sold over 25 million copies with the 4th most digital downloads sold of any Christmas single, and has since been recorded by numerous other music artists.", "title": "Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From Under the Cork Tree is the second studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 3, 2005, through Island Records as the band's major label debut. The music was composed by lead vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stump, with all lyrics penned by bassist Pete Wentz, continuing the band's songwriting approach they took for some songs on their prior 2003 effort Take This to Your Grave. Neal Avron handled production duties. Commenting on the record's lyrical themes, Wentz said the lyrics were about ``the anxiety and depression that goes along with looking at your own life. ''In support of their release the group headlined tours worldwide and played at various music festivals. For their Black Clouds and Underdogs tour the album was re-released as From Under the Cork Tree (Limited`` Black Clouds and Underdogs'' Edition), featuring new songs and remixes.", "title": "From Under the Cork Tree" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The modern lyrics were written in 1824, by the Leipzig organist, teacher and composer Ernst Anschütz. A Tannenbaum is a fir tree. The lyrics do not actually refer to Christmas, or describe a decorated Christmas tree. Instead, they refer to the fir's evergreen qualities as a symbol of constancy and faithfulness.", "title": "O Tannenbaum" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is a large Christmas tree placed annually in Rockefeller Center, in Midtown Manhattan. The tree is erected in mid November and lit in a public ceremony in late November or early December. Since 1997, the lighting has been broadcast live, to hundreds of millions, on NBC's Christmas in Rockefeller Center telecast on a Wednesday after Thanksgiving. The tree lighting ceremony is aired at the end of every broadcast, following live entertainment and the tree is lit by the current Mayor of New York City and special guests. An estimated 125 million people visit the attraction each year.", "title": "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first known electrically illuminated Christmas tree was the creation of Edward H. Johnson, an associate of inventor Thomas Edison. While he was vice president of the Edison Electric Light Company, a predecessor of today's Con Edison electric utility, he had Christmas tree light bulbs especially made for him. He proudly displayed his Christmas tree, which was hand - wired with 80 red, white and blue electric incandescent light bulbs the size of walnuts, on December 22, 1882 at his home on Fifth Avenue in New York City. Local newspapers ignored the story, seeing it as a publicity stunt. However, it was published by a Detroit newspaper reporter, and Johnson has become widely regarded as the Father of Electric Christmas Tree Lights. By 1900, businesses started stringing up Christmas lights behind their windows. Christmas lights were too expensive for the average person; as such, electric Christmas lights did not become the majority replacement for candles until 1930.", "title": "Christmas lights" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tree, usually a Norway spruce 69 to 100 feet (21 to 30 m) tall, has been a national tradition each year since 1933. The 2017 Christmas Tree Lighting took place on November 29, 2017; the tree remains on display until January 7, 2018.", "title": "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Christmas Tree is a large evergreen tree located in the northeast quadrant of The Ellipse near the White House in Washington, D.C. Each year since 1923, the tree has been decorated as a Christmas tree. Every early December, the tree is traditionally lit by the President of the United States. Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has made formal remarks during the tree lighting ceremony. Since 1954, the event has marked the start of month - long festivities known as the Pageant of Peace. Smaller trees representing the U.S. states, District of Columbia, and the five territories around the National Christmas Tree are referred to as the Pathway to Peace.", "title": "National Christmas Tree (United States)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Christmas Time is in the Air Again\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album, \"Merry Christmas II You\" (2010). It was written and produced by Carey in collaboration with Broadway composer Marc Shaiman. Lyrically, it is about finding love during the Christmas season. The track garnered positive reviews from critics, with one describing it as an outstanding performance and the only song on the album that could compare to one of Carey's previous Christmas singles, \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\". It was released as a promotional single in December 2012. An accompanying lyric video was released, and Carey has performed \"Christmas Time Is in the Air Again\" live on NBC's \"Christmas in Rockefeller Centre\" event and during her December 2014 Beacon Theatre residency called All I Want For Christmas Is You, A Night of Joy & Festivity.", "title": "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Axinidris palligastrion is a species of ant in the genus \"Axinidris\". Described by Shattuck in 1991, the species is endemic to Ghana, where they were found foraging on trees.", "title": "Axinidris palligastrion" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brachychiton collinus, the outcrop kurrajong, is a small deciduous tree found growing in some of the harshest climatic conditions in Australia. This small tree is commonly found between Cloncurry and Mount Isa in North-West Queensland, Australia. The North-West savannah zone of Queensland is characterised by very high summer temperatures of up to 50 degrees Celsius and an unpredictable monsoonal rainfall that may deliver the whole annual rainfall of some 50 cm overnight. This tree most often grows on rocky outcrops where little other scrub, grasses or other understory plants can survive. It is probable that this preference for bare rocky outcrops is a function of the tree's sensitivity to fire. Most brachychiton species do not survive a strong grass or brush fire.", "title": "Brachychiton collinus" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grinch is a bitter, grouchy, cave - dwelling creature with a heart ``two sizes too small ''who is living as a hermit on the snowy Mount Crumpit, a steep high mountain just north of the town of Whoville, home of the merry and warm - hearted Whos. His only companion is his unloved, but loyal dog, Max. From his cave, the Grinch can hear the noisy Christmas festivities that take place in Whoville. Continuously annoyed, he decides to devise a wicked scheme by stealing their presents, trees, and food for their Christmas feast. He crudely disguises himself as Santa Claus, and forces Max, disguised as a reindeer, to drag a sleigh down the mountain towards Whoville. Once at Whoville, the Grinch slides down the chimney of one house and steals all of the Whos' Christmas presents, the Christmas tree, and the log for their fire. He is briefly interrupted in his burglary by Cindy Lou, a little Who girl, but concocts a crafty lie to effect his escape from her home. After stealing from one house, he does the same thing to all the other houses in the village of Whoville.", "title": "How the Grinch Stole Christmas!" } ]	What was founded by the artist who wrote the lyrics for Christmas Tree?	Lady Gaga Fame	[]	Title: Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Passage: The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is a large Christmas tree placed annually in Rockefeller Center, in Midtown Manhattan. The tree is erected in mid November and lit in a public ceremony in late November or early December. Since 1997, the lighting has been broadcast live, to hundreds of millions, on NBC's "Christmas in Rockefeller Center" telecast on a Wednesday after Thanksgiving. The broadcast features live entertainment and a tree lighting ceremony, where the tree is lit by the current Mayor of New York City and special guests. An estimated 125 million people visit the attraction each year. Title: How the Grinch Stole Christmas! Passage: The Grinch is a bitter, grouchy, cave - dwelling creature with a heart ``two sizes too small ''who is living as a hermit on the snowy Mount Crumpit, a steep high mountain just north of the town of Whoville, home of the merry and warm - hearted Whos. His only companion is his unloved, but loyal dog, Max. From his cave, the Grinch can hear the noisy Christmas festivities that take place in Whoville. Continuously annoyed, he decides to devise a wicked scheme by stealing their presents, trees, and food for their Christmas feast. He crudely disguises himself as Santa Claus, and forces Max, disguised as a reindeer, to drag a sleigh down the mountain towards Whoville. Once at Whoville, the Grinch slides down the chimney of one house and steals all of the Whos' Christmas presents, the Christmas tree, and the log for their fire. He is briefly interrupted in his burglary by Cindy Lou, a little Who girl, but concocts a crafty lie to effect his escape from her home. After stealing from one house, he does the same thing to all the other houses in the village of Whoville. Title: Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree Passage: ``Rockin 'Around the Christmas Tree ''is a Christmas song written by Johnny Marks and recorded by Brenda Lee in 1958. By the song's 50th anniversary in 2008, Lee's original version had sold over 25 million copies with the 4th most digital downloads sold of any Christmas single, and has since been recorded by numerous other music artists. Title: Mary, Did You Know? Passage: ``Mary, Did You Know? ''is a Christmas song with lyrics written by Mark Lowry and music written by Buddy Greene. It was originally recorded by Christian recording artist Michael English on his self - titled debut solo album in 1991 (English and Lowry were both members of the Gaither Vocal Band at the time). It reached No. 6 on CCM Magazine's AC Chart. Lowry would record the song several times himself, most notably with the Gaither Vocal Band on their 1998 Christmas album Still the Greatest Story Ever Told. Title: Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy Passage: ``Peace on Earth / Little Drummer Boy ''(sometimes titled`` The Little Drummer Boy / Peace on Earth'') is a Christmas song with an added counterpoint performed by David Bowie and Bing Crosby. ``The Little Drummer Boy ''is a Christmas song written in 1941, while the`` Peace on Earth'' tune and lyrics, written by Ian Fraser, Larry Grossman, and Alan Kohan, were added to the song specially for Bowie and Crosby's recording. Title: Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Passage: The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is a large Christmas tree placed annually in Rockefeller Center, in Midtown Manhattan. The tree is erected in mid November and lit in a public ceremony in late November or early December. Since 1997, the lighting has been broadcast live, to hundreds of millions, on NBC's Christmas in Rockefeller Center telecast on a Wednesday after Thanksgiving. The tree lighting ceremony is aired at the end of every broadcast, following live entertainment and the tree is lit by the current Mayor of New York City and special guests. An estimated 125 million people visit the attraction each year. Title: Christmas Time Is in the Air Again Passage: "Christmas Time is in the Air Again" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album, "Merry Christmas II You" (2010). It was written and produced by Carey in collaboration with Broadway composer Marc Shaiman. Lyrically, it is about finding love during the Christmas season. The track garnered positive reviews from critics, with one describing it as an outstanding performance and the only song on the album that could compare to one of Carey's previous Christmas singles, "All I Want for Christmas Is You". It was released as a promotional single in December 2012. An accompanying lyric video was released, and Carey has performed "Christmas Time Is in the Air Again" live on NBC's "Christmas in Rockefeller Centre" event and during her December 2014 Beacon Theatre residency called All I Want For Christmas Is You, A Night of Joy & Festivity. Title: A Madea Christmas (film) Passage: Connor's parents, Buddy (Larry the Cable Guy), and Kim (Kathy Najimy), arrive at Connor and Lacey's house, as they have come to visit him for Christmas and are told that they must not mention that he and Lacey are married, as they do not know that Eileen has never wanted Lacey to marry a white man. Meanwhile, Eileen decides to get a Christmas tree and cuts down one with a yellow ribbon wrapped around it in the backyard, not knowing that Kim planted the tree in memory of her deceased father. When Eileen learns of this, she expresses no remorse, upsetting Kim. That night, Eileen walks in on Buddy and Kim, seeing Buddy with a sheet over his head, convincing her that Buddy is in the KKK. Now scared, she bars the door to the room that she and Madea are sharing. Title: Axinidris palligastrion Passage: Axinidris palligastrion is a species of ant in the genus "Axinidris". Described by Shattuck in 1991, the species is endemic to Ghana, where they were found foraging on trees. Title: A Christmas Tree and a Wedding Passage: "A Christmas Tree and a Wedding" (, "Yolka i svad'ba") is a short story written by Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevsky published in 1848. The piece is narrated by an awkward outcast attending a Christmas party. He observes the party's guest of honour and takes special interest in one of the children. Title: Zion's Daughter Passage: "Zion's Daughter" is a 1982 Christmas single by German band Boney M., the second single to be released off their "Christmas Album", released in November 1981. It was a re-worked up-tempo version of Georg Friedrich Händel's "See, the conqu'ring hero comes!" (a song from his oratorio "Judas Maccabaeus") with English lyrics by Fred Jay. The tune of the German advent carol is well known in England as part of Henry Wood's Fantasia on British Sea Songs performed every year at the BBC's Last Night of the Proms concert. Title: From Under the Cork Tree Passage: From Under the Cork Tree is the second studio album by American rock band Fall Out Boy. It was released on May 3, 2005, through Island Records as the band's major label debut. The music was composed by lead vocalist and guitarist Patrick Stump, with all lyrics penned by bassist Pete Wentz, continuing the band's songwriting approach they took for some songs on their prior 2003 effort Take This to Your Grave. Neal Avron handled production duties. Commenting on the record's lyrical themes, Wentz said the lyrics were about ``the anxiety and depression that goes along with looking at your own life. ''In support of their release the group headlined tours worldwide and played at various music festivals. For their Black Clouds and Underdogs tour the album was re-released as From Under the Cork Tree (Limited`` Black Clouds and Underdogs'' Edition), featuring new songs and remixes. Title: Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Passage: The tree, usually a Norway spruce 69 to 100 feet (21 to 30 m) tall, has been a national tradition each year since 1933. The 2017 Christmas Tree Lighting took place on November 29, 2017; the tree remains on display until January 7, 2018. Title: National Christmas Tree (United States) Passage: The National Christmas Tree is a large evergreen tree located in the northeast quadrant of The Ellipse near the White House in Washington, D.C. Each year since 1923, the tree has been decorated as a Christmas tree. Every early December, the tree is traditionally lit by the President of the United States. Every president since Franklin D. Roosevelt has made formal remarks during the tree lighting ceremony. Since 1954, the event has marked the start of month - long festivities known as the Pageant of Peace. Smaller trees representing the U.S. states, District of Columbia, and the five territories around the National Christmas Tree are referred to as the Pathway to Peace. Title: Christmas Tree (Lady Gaga song) Passage: "Christmas Tree" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga. It was released on December 16, 2008 for digital download. It was written and produced by Gaga, Martin Kierszenbaum, and Space Cowboy, who also provides guest vocals. Musically, "Christmas Tree" is a Christmas song with dance-pop and synthpop influences. It samples the classic Christmas song "Deck the Halls", as well as briefly using the lyrics "Rum pum pum pum" from the Christmas song "The Little Drummer Boy" in its intro. Lyrically, the song uses sexual innuendos. Title: Lady Gaga Fame Passage: Lady Gaga Fame is the first fragrance created by American singer Lady Gaga. A Unisex fragrance, it was released in Guggenheim Museum and in Macy's stores in the United States and a range of different stores in the United Kingdom on August 22, 2012, and worldwide in September through the singer's Haus Laboratories label in association with Coty, Inc. According to promotional materials, the perfume uses "push-pull technology", rather than the pyramidal structure traditional of perfumes, to combine notes of "atropa belladonna", tiger orchid, incense, apricot, saffron and honey. As of 2013, the perfume has sold more than 30 million bottles and has earned more than 1.5 billion dollars worldwide. Title: O Tannenbaum Passage: The modern lyrics were written in 1824, by the Leipzig organist, teacher and composer Ernst Anschütz. A Tannenbaum is a fir tree. The lyrics do not actually refer to Christmas, or describe a decorated Christmas tree. Instead, they refer to the fir's evergreen qualities as a symbol of constancy and faithfulness.	[ "Christmas Tree (Lady Gaga song)", "Lady Gaga Fame" ]
2hop__794746_135703	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: \"Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià\") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV).", "title": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated.", "title": "The Hireling Shepherd" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services.", "title": "Sistine Chapel ceiling" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.", "title": "John Francis Sheehan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it.", "title": "Drinkin' Problem" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the \"Bertrand lens\" or phase telescope.", "title": "Émile Bertrand" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named.", "title": "William M. Hobby" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark.", "title": "JCB (company)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named.", "title": "Camp Connor" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.", "title": "Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Yusufari is a Local Government Area in Yobe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Yusufari in the south-east of the area at. It shares a border in the north with The Republic of Niger.", "title": "Yusufari" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter.", "title": "Yun Kōga" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "title": "Lake Pontchartrain" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milton F. Pavlic (1909–1942) was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy high-speed transport was named.", "title": "Milton F. Pavlic" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The name \"\" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name \"Niger\", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name \"egerew n-igerewen\" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism.", "title": "Nigeria" } ]	The name of the country containing Yusufari is from what?	Niger River	[]	Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: JCB (company) Passage: JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark. Title: Osmund Holm-Hansen Passage: Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: Yusufari Passage: Yusufari is a Local Government Area in Yobe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Yusufari in the south-east of the area at. It shares a border in the north with The Republic of Niger. Title: William M. Hobby Passage: William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named. Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: Yun Kōga Passage: , better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: Émile Bertrand Passage: Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the "Bertrand lens" or phase telescope. Title: Camp Connor Passage: Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named. Title: Sistine Chapel ceiling Passage: The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.	[ "Yusufari", "Nigeria" ]
2hop__131094_73786	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2002, businessman Phil Bredesen was elected as the 48th governor. Also in 2002, Tennessee amended the state constitution to allow for the establishment of a lottery. Tennessee's Bob Corker was the only freshman Republican elected to the United States Senate in the 2006 midterm elections. The state constitution was amended to reject same-sex marriage. In January 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican elected as Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction, as a result of the realignment of the Democratic and Republican parties in the South since the late 20th century, with Republicans now elected by conservative voters, who previously had supported Democrats.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the states, with each state being equally represented by two senators, regardless of their population, serving staggered terms of six years; with fifty states presently in the Union, there are 100 U.S. Senators. From 1789 until 1913, Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, they are now popularly elected. The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol, in Washington, D.C.", "title": "United States Senate" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Marc Laménie (born 11 July 1956) is a French politician and a member of the Senate of France. He represents the Ardennes department and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement Party. He was elected on 26 August 2007, and was re-elected on 21 September 2008. He was mayor of Neuville-Day.", "title": "Marc Laménie" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The members of the House of Representatives serve two - year terms representing the people of a single constituency, known as a ``district ''. Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results, provided that each state has at least one congressional representative. Each state, regardless of population or size, has two senators. Currently, there are 100 senators representing the 50 states. Each senator is elected at - large in their state for a six - year term, with terms staggered, so every two years approximately one - third of the Senate is up for election.", "title": "United States Congress" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma took place on November 4, 2014 to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Oklahoma, concurrently with the special election to Oklahoma's other Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.", "title": "2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eldon A. Money (born November 7, 1930), was an American politician who was a Democratic member of the Utah House of Representatives and Utah State Senate. An alumnus of Utah State University, he was a farmer and cattleman. As of 2014, he is the last Democrat elected in Utah County, Utah to public office since he was defeated for re-election to the senate in 1998.", "title": "Eldon A. Money" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a single state in its entirety, with each state being equally represented by two senators, regardless of its population, serving staggered terms of six years; with 50 states currently in the Union, there are 100 U.S. Senators. From 1789 until 1913, Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, they are now popularly elected. The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol, in Washington, D.C.", "title": "United States Senate" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1998 United States Senate election in Hawaii was held November 3, 1998 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye won re-election to a seventh term.", "title": "1998 United States Senate election in Hawaii" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William G. Stinson (born circa 1945) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania State Senate. He was elected to represent the 2nd senatorial district in the Pennsylvania Senate in a 1993 special election.", "title": "William G. Stinson" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A special election for the United States Senate in Alabama took place on December 12, 2017, to fill a vacancy in the Senate through the end of the term ending on January 3, 2021, arising from the resignation on February 8, 2017, of Jeff Sessions to serve as U.S. Attorney General. Democratic candidate Doug Jones defeated Republican candidate Roy Moore by a margin of 21,924 votes (1.7%). Jones is the first Democrat to win a U.S. Senate seat in the state since 1992.", "title": "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jennifer Shilling (née Ehlenfeldt; born July 4, 1969) is a Democratic member of the Wisconsin State Senate first elected to represent the 32nd District in 2011 from La Crosse, Wisconsin. In 2014, she was elected Senate Minority Leader by fellow Democrats.", "title": "Jennifer Shilling" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Seventeenth Amendment (Amendment XVII) to the United States Constitution established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states. The amendment supersedes Article I, § 3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, under which senators were elected by state legislatures. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate, allowing for state legislatures to permit their governors to make temporary appointments until a special election can be held.", "title": "Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Michigan gubernatorial election of 2018 will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Michigan, concurrently with the election of Michigan's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.", "title": "2018 Michigan gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 2, 2004 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.", "title": "2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2006 she was elected to serve in the Senate of Mexico for a six-year term. She left the Senate to run for Governor of the state of Colima. In 2009 She was designated the PAN candidate for the 2009 Colima state election. Sosa was defeated by the PRI candidate.", "title": "Leticia Sosa" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WJLD (1400 AM) is a radio station licensed to Fairfield, Alabama, that serves most of the Birmingham metropolitan area. The station offers talk and music programming targeted towards African-American listeners, including a mixture of locally originated talk programming and urban oldies music. The station is owned by Richardson Broadcasting Corporation, a company based in Birmingham. Richardson Broadcasting Corporation also owns WAYE 1220 AM in Birmingham, Alabama and has construction permits for low power television stations in Dothan, Montgomery and Selma Alabama. The station's studios and transmitter are located separately in Southwest Birmingham.", "title": "WJLD" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Maryland Senate is the upper house of the Maryland General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. State of Maryland. One Senator is elected from each of the state's 47 electoral districts. As of January 2015, 33 of those seats are held by Democrats and 14 by Republicans. The leader of the Senate is known as the President, a position currently held by Thomas V. Mike Miller, Jr., who represents Calvert, Charles and Prince George's counties. In addition, Senators elect a President Pro Tempore, and the respective party caucuses elect a majority and minority leader and a majority and minority whip.", "title": "List of current members of the Maryland Senate" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Twelve Senators from each state are elected for six-year terms, using proportional representation and the single transferable vote (known in Australia as \"quota-preferential voting\": see Australian electoral system), with half elected every three years. In addition to the state Senators, two senators are elected by voters from the Northern Territory (which for this purpose includes the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands), while another two senators are elected by the voters of the Australian Capital Territory (which for this purpose includes the Jervis Bay Territory). Senators from the territories are also elected using preferential voting, but their term of office is not fixed; it starts on the day of a general election for the House of Representatives and ends on the day before the next such election.", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Florida gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Florida, concurrently with the election of Florida's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various Florida and local elections. Incumbent Republican Governor Rick Scott is term - limited and can not seek re-election to a third consecutive term.", "title": "2018 Florida gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single - member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the ``Cape and Islands ''district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two - year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House, in Boston.", "title": "Massachusetts Senate" } ]	When is senate election day in the state where WJLD is located?	December 12, 2017	[]	Title: United States Congress Passage: The members of the House of Representatives serve two - year terms representing the people of a single constituency, known as a ``district ''. Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results, provided that each state has at least one congressional representative. Each state, regardless of population or size, has two senators. Currently, there are 100 senators representing the 50 states. Each senator is elected at - large in their state for a six - year term, with terms staggered, so every two years approximately one - third of the Senate is up for election. Title: Leticia Sosa Passage: In 2006 she was elected to serve in the Senate of Mexico for a six-year term. She left the Senate to run for Governor of the state of Colima. In 2009 She was designated the PAN candidate for the 2009 Colima state election. Sosa was defeated by the PRI candidate. Title: WJLD Passage: WJLD (1400 AM) is a radio station licensed to Fairfield, Alabama, that serves most of the Birmingham metropolitan area. The station offers talk and music programming targeted towards African-American listeners, including a mixture of locally originated talk programming and urban oldies music. The station is owned by Richardson Broadcasting Corporation, a company based in Birmingham. Richardson Broadcasting Corporation also owns WAYE 1220 AM in Birmingham, Alabama and has construction permits for low power television stations in Dothan, Montgomery and Selma Alabama. The station's studios and transmitter are located separately in Southwest Birmingham. Title: William G. Stinson Passage: William G. Stinson (born circa 1945) is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania State Senate. He was elected to represent the 2nd senatorial district in the Pennsylvania Senate in a 1993 special election. Title: 2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas Passage: The 2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas took place on November 2, 2004 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Title: United States Senate Passage: The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators, each of whom represents a single state in its entirety, with each state being equally represented by two senators, regardless of its population, serving staggered terms of six years; with 50 states currently in the Union, there are 100 U.S. Senators. From 1789 until 1913, Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, they are now popularly elected. The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol, in Washington, D.C. Title: Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution Passage: The Seventeenth Amendment (Amendment XVII) to the United States Constitution established the popular election of United States Senators by the people of the states. The amendment supersedes Article I, § 3, Clauses 1 and 2 of the Constitution, under which senators were elected by state legislatures. It also alters the procedure for filling vacancies in the Senate, allowing for state legislatures to permit their governors to make temporary appointments until a special election can be held. Title: List of current members of the Maryland Senate Passage: The Maryland Senate is the upper house of the Maryland General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. State of Maryland. One Senator is elected from each of the state's 47 electoral districts. As of January 2015, 33 of those seats are held by Democrats and 14 by Republicans. The leader of the Senate is known as the President, a position currently held by Thomas V. Mike Miller, Jr., who represents Calvert, Charles and Prince George's counties. In addition, Senators elect a President Pro Tempore, and the respective party caucuses elect a majority and minority leader and a majority and minority whip. Title: 2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma Passage: The 2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma took place on November 4, 2014 to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Oklahoma, concurrently with the special election to Oklahoma's other Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Title: Jennifer Shilling Passage: Jennifer Shilling (née Ehlenfeldt; born July 4, 1969) is a Democratic member of the Wisconsin State Senate first elected to represent the 32nd District in 2011 from La Crosse, Wisconsin. In 2014, she was elected Senate Minority Leader by fellow Democrats. Title: 2018 Florida gubernatorial election Passage: The 2018 Florida gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Florida, concurrently with the election of Florida's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various Florida and local elections. Incumbent Republican Governor Rick Scott is term - limited and can not seek re-election to a third consecutive term. Title: Eldon A. Money Passage: Eldon A. Money (born November 7, 1930), was an American politician who was a Democratic member of the Utah House of Representatives and Utah State Senate. An alumnus of Utah State University, he was a farmer and cattleman. As of 2014, he is the last Democrat elected in Utah County, Utah to public office since he was defeated for re-election to the senate in 1998. Title: United States Senate Passage: The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution. The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the states, with each state being equally represented by two senators, regardless of their population, serving staggered terms of six years; with fifty states presently in the Union, there are 100 U.S. Senators. From 1789 until 1913, Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, they are now popularly elected. The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol, in Washington, D.C. Title: Massachusetts Senate Passage: The Massachusetts Senate is the upper house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The Senate comprises 40 elected members from 40 single - member senatorial districts in the state. All but one of the districts are named for the counties in which they are located (the ``Cape and Islands ''district covers Dukes, Nantucket, and parts of Barnstable counties). Senators serve two - year terms, without term limits. The Senate convenes in the Massachusetts State House, in Boston. Title: 2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama Passage: A special election for the United States Senate in Alabama took place on December 12, 2017, to fill a vacancy in the Senate through the end of the term ending on January 3, 2021, arising from the resignation on February 8, 2017, of Jeff Sessions to serve as U.S. Attorney General. Democratic candidate Doug Jones defeated Republican candidate Roy Moore by a margin of 21,924 votes (1.7%). Jones is the first Democrat to win a U.S. Senate seat in the state since 1992. Title: 1998 United States Senate election in Hawaii Passage: The 1998 United States Senate election in Hawaii was held November 3, 1998 alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye won re-election to a seventh term. Title: Tennessee Passage: In 2002, businessman Phil Bredesen was elected as the 48th governor. Also in 2002, Tennessee amended the state constitution to allow for the establishment of a lottery. Tennessee's Bob Corker was the only freshman Republican elected to the United States Senate in the 2006 midterm elections. The state constitution was amended to reject same-sex marriage. In January 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican elected as Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction, as a result of the realignment of the Democratic and Republican parties in the South since the late 20th century, with Republicans now elected by conservative voters, who previously had supported Democrats.	[ "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama", "WJLD" ]
2hop__50578_66442	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WinStar World Casino and Resort is a hotel and casino located near the Oklahoma -- Texas state line, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Red River, at Exit 1 and Exit 3 off Interstate 35 in Thackerville, Oklahoma. The casino opened as the WinStar Casinos in 2004, and was expanded (with a 395 - room hotel tower) and renamed WinStar World Casino in 2009, with its 600,000 square feet (56,000 m) of casino floor making it the world's largest casino. In August 2013, WinStar Resorts completed a major expansion project, which added a new 1000 - room second hotel tower that was divided into two phases; this also added a new casino that is attached to the tower. As a result of the completion of this expansion, the casino overtook Foxwoods Resort Casino to become the largest casino in the United States and the second largest in the world based on gaming floor space. WinStar has over 7,400 electronic games, 55 table poker rooms, 99 total table games, Racer's off - track betting, High Limit Room, keno, and bingo.", "title": "WinStar World Casino" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vitaly Lunkin (born 7 May 1971) is a Russian professional poker player from Moscow, Russia who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets.", "title": "Vitaly Lunkin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "South Point Casino, Hotel and Spa Location Enterprise, Nevada 89183 Address 9777 Las Vegas Boulevard Opening date December 22, 2005; 12 years ago (December 22, 2005) Theme Southern California No. of rooms 2,163 Total gaming space 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m) Signature attractions South Point Equestrian Center Showroom Spa and Salon 16 - screen Movie Theater Complex 64 - lane Bowling Center The Tournament Bowling Plaza Convention Center Race book Sports book Poker Room Notable restaurants Michael's Gourmet Room Silverado Steakhouse Don Vito's Italian Restaurant Primarily Prime Rib Baja Miguel's Mexican Restaurant Big Sur Oaster Bar Zenshin Asian Restaurant Coronado Cafe Garden Buffet Steak 'n Shake Del Mar Deli kate's Korner Smoothies and Ice - cream Seattle's Best Coffee Casino type Land - Based Owner Michael Gaughan Architect Leo A Daly / Klai Juba / Sink Combs Dethlefs Previous names South Coast Renovated in 2008 (new tower) Website South Point Hotel and Casino", "title": "South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Monte Carlo Resort and Casino is a megaresort hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The hotel, with a height of 360 ft (110 m), has 32 floors, featuring a 102,000 - square - foot (9,500 m) casino floor with 1,400 slot machines, 60 table games, and 15 poker tables. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. The hotel offers 2,992 guest rooms, including 259 luxury suites. It is being converted from late 2016 to 2018 into the Park MGM, with the upper floors converted into a boutique hotel, NoMad Las Vegas.", "title": "Park MGM" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "High Stakes Gambling is a Game Boy casino video game that takes place during the Great Depression in the 1930s.", "title": "High Stakes Gambling" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 World Series of Poker (WSOP) will take place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There will be a record 78 bracelet events. The $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event will begin on July 2 and conclude on July 14. Unlike previous years the Main Event will not be the final event to conclude, with 13 tournaments scheduled after it. The $1,000,000 Big One for One Drop will also be held at the WSOP for the first time since 2014.", "title": "2018 World Series of Poker" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2004, Harrah's Entertainment (now Caesars Entertainment) purchased Binion's Horseshoe, retained the rights to the Horseshoe and World Series of Poker brands, sold the hotel and casino to MTR Gaming Group, and announced that the 2005 Series events would be held at the Harrah's - owned Rio Hotel and Casino, located just off the Las Vegas Strip. The final two days of the main event in 2005 were held downtown at what is now the MTR - operated ``Binion's ''in celebration of the centennial of the founding of Las Vegas. The WSOP also added a made - for - television $2 million`` freeroll'' invitational Tournament of Champions (TOC) event first won by Annie Duke as a ``winner - take - all ''event.", "title": "World Series of Poker" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge is a poker game (texas hold 'em) by Glu Mobile for mobile phones and the N-Gage 2.0 platform.", "title": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Las Vegas and, since 2005, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment Corporation (known as Harrah's Entertainment until 2010). It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best - known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.", "title": "World Series of Poker" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 World Series of Poker was the 48th annual World Series of Poker (WSOP). It took place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All - Suite Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There was a record 74 bracelet events including the third edition of the $565 Colossus tournament and the $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event, which began on July 8.", "title": "2017 World Series of Poker" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas K. McEvoy (born November 14, 1944 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.) is a professional poker player, author and member of the Poker Hall of Fame. He is best known for his win in the 1983 World Series of Poker main event.", "title": "Tom McEvoy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brent R. Carter (born September 28, 1948) is an American professional poker player from Oak Park, Illinois who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets. He lives in Oak Park, IL.", "title": "Brent Carter" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino", "title": "Black Hawk, Colorado" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "World Championship Poker is a series of poker video games first developed by Coresoft and released in 2005 by Crave Entertainment. The series capitalizes on the recent popularity of poker due to the successful World Series of Poker.", "title": "World Championship Poker" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the Texas Gambling Reunion. It was an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the Holiday Hotel and Casino in Reno. This inaugural event was won by Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of Las Vegas casino owner and poker player Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included five - card stud, deuce to seven low - ball draw, razz, seven - card stud, and Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze - out Texas hold' em game came the next year. The winner in 1970, Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first ``World Champion of Poker ''and received a silver cup as a prize.", "title": "World Series of Poker" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul J. Wasicka (born February 17, 1981 in Dallas, Texas) is a professional poker player, based in Denver, Colorado who was the runner-up at the 2006 World Series of Poker Main Event and the winner of the 2007 NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship.", "title": "Paul Wasicka" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gregory \"Greg\" Merson (born December 8, 1987) is an American professional poker player. Merson is best known as the winner of the Main Event at the 2012 World Series of Poker (WSOP). During the same year, he also won a WSOP bracelet in the $10,000 Six Handed No-Limit Hold'em World Championship. Largely as a result of these two championships, he was the 2012 WSOP Player of the Year. He is an online shorthanded cash game poker professional.", "title": "Greg Merson" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Heads-Up Poker Championship was an annual poker tournament held in the United States and produced by the NBC television network. It is a $25,000 \"buy-in\" invitation-only tournament organized as a series of one-on-one games of no limit Texas hold 'em matches. The participants include many of the world's most successful poker players, as well as celebrities.", "title": "National Heads-Up Poker Championship" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The hole cam became popular in 1999 when the \"Late Night Poker\" program first began using it in televised tournaments shown on British Channel 4. Cameras were also used in the \"Poker Million\" prior to gaining further popularity after the ESPN broadcasts of the \"2002 World Series of Poker\" and the \"World Poker Tour\" began airing on the Travel Channel in 2003.", "title": "Hole cam" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1983, Al Alvarez published, The Biggest Game in Town, a book detailing the 1981 World Series of Poker event. The first book of its kind, it described the world of professional poker players and the World Series of Poker. It is credited with beginning the genre of poker literature and with bringing Texas Hold'em (and poker generally), for the first time, to a wider audience.", "title": "The Biggest Game in Town" } ]	Who owns the South Point Casino in the city where the World Series of Poker takes place?	Michael Gaughan	[]	Title: WinStar World Casino Passage: WinStar World Casino and Resort is a hotel and casino located near the Oklahoma -- Texas state line, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Red River, at Exit 1 and Exit 3 off Interstate 35 in Thackerville, Oklahoma. The casino opened as the WinStar Casinos in 2004, and was expanded (with a 395 - room hotel tower) and renamed WinStar World Casino in 2009, with its 600,000 square feet (56,000 m) of casino floor making it the world's largest casino. In August 2013, WinStar Resorts completed a major expansion project, which added a new 1000 - room second hotel tower that was divided into two phases; this also added a new casino that is attached to the tower. As a result of the completion of this expansion, the casino overtook Foxwoods Resort Casino to become the largest casino in the United States and the second largest in the world based on gaming floor space. WinStar has over 7,400 electronic games, 55 table poker rooms, 99 total table games, Racer's off - track betting, High Limit Room, keno, and bingo. Title: Greg Merson Passage: Gregory "Greg" Merson (born December 8, 1987) is an American professional poker player. Merson is best known as the winner of the Main Event at the 2012 World Series of Poker (WSOP). During the same year, he also won a WSOP bracelet in the $10,000 Six Handed No-Limit Hold'em World Championship. Largely as a result of these two championships, he was the 2012 WSOP Player of the Year. He is an online shorthanded cash game poker professional. Title: World Series of Poker Passage: The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the Texas Gambling Reunion. It was an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the Holiday Hotel and Casino in Reno. This inaugural event was won by Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of Las Vegas casino owner and poker player Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included five - card stud, deuce to seven low - ball draw, razz, seven - card stud, and Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze - out Texas hold' em game came the next year. The winner in 1970, Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first ``World Champion of Poker ''and received a silver cup as a prize. Title: Paul Wasicka Passage: Paul J. Wasicka (born February 17, 1981 in Dallas, Texas) is a professional poker player, based in Denver, Colorado who was the runner-up at the 2006 World Series of Poker Main Event and the winner of the 2007 NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship. Title: 2018 World Series of Poker Passage: The 2018 World Series of Poker (WSOP) will take place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There will be a record 78 bracelet events. The $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event will begin on July 2 and conclude on July 14. Unlike previous years the Main Event will not be the final event to conclude, with 13 tournaments scheduled after it. The $1,000,000 Big One for One Drop will also be held at the WSOP for the first time since 2014. Title: World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge Passage: World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge is a poker game (texas hold 'em) by Glu Mobile for mobile phones and the N-Gage 2.0 platform. Title: World Series of Poker Passage: The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Las Vegas and, since 2005, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment Corporation (known as Harrah's Entertainment until 2010). It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best - known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players. Title: Vitaly Lunkin Passage: Vitaly Lunkin (born 7 May 1971) is a Russian professional poker player from Moscow, Russia who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets. Title: Black Hawk, Colorado Passage: Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino Title: Tom McEvoy Passage: Thomas K. McEvoy (born November 14, 1944 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.) is a professional poker player, author and member of the Poker Hall of Fame. He is best known for his win in the 1983 World Series of Poker main event. Title: 2017 World Series of Poker Passage: The 2017 World Series of Poker was the 48th annual World Series of Poker (WSOP). It took place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All - Suite Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There was a record 74 bracelet events including the third edition of the $565 Colossus tournament and the $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event, which began on July 8. Title: Park MGM Passage: The Monte Carlo Resort and Casino is a megaresort hotel and casino on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The hotel, with a height of 360 ft (110 m), has 32 floors, featuring a 102,000 - square - foot (9,500 m) casino floor with 1,400 slot machines, 60 table games, and 15 poker tables. It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. The hotel offers 2,992 guest rooms, including 259 luxury suites. It is being converted from late 2016 to 2018 into the Park MGM, with the upper floors converted into a boutique hotel, NoMad Las Vegas. Title: National Heads-Up Poker Championship Passage: The National Heads-Up Poker Championship was an annual poker tournament held in the United States and produced by the NBC television network. It is a $25,000 "buy-in" invitation-only tournament organized as a series of one-on-one games of no limit Texas hold 'em matches. The participants include many of the world's most successful poker players, as well as celebrities. Title: South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa Passage: South Point Casino, Hotel and Spa Location Enterprise, Nevada 89183 Address 9777 Las Vegas Boulevard Opening date December 22, 2005; 12 years ago (December 22, 2005) Theme Southern California No. of rooms 2,163 Total gaming space 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m) Signature attractions South Point Equestrian Center Showroom Spa and Salon 16 - screen Movie Theater Complex 64 - lane Bowling Center The Tournament Bowling Plaza Convention Center Race book Sports book Poker Room Notable restaurants Michael's Gourmet Room Silverado Steakhouse Don Vito's Italian Restaurant Primarily Prime Rib Baja Miguel's Mexican Restaurant Big Sur Oaster Bar Zenshin Asian Restaurant Coronado Cafe Garden Buffet Steak 'n Shake Del Mar Deli kate's Korner Smoothies and Ice - cream Seattle's Best Coffee Casino type Land - Based Owner Michael Gaughan Architect Leo A Daly / Klai Juba / Sink Combs Dethlefs Previous names South Coast Renovated in 2008 (new tower) Website South Point Hotel and Casino Title: Hole cam Passage: The hole cam became popular in 1999 when the "Late Night Poker" program first began using it in televised tournaments shown on British Channel 4. Cameras were also used in the "Poker Million" prior to gaining further popularity after the ESPN broadcasts of the "2002 World Series of Poker" and the "World Poker Tour" began airing on the Travel Channel in 2003. Title: World Championship Poker Passage: World Championship Poker is a series of poker video games first developed by Coresoft and released in 2005 by Crave Entertainment. The series capitalizes on the recent popularity of poker due to the successful World Series of Poker. Title: High Stakes Gambling Passage: High Stakes Gambling is a Game Boy casino video game that takes place during the Great Depression in the 1930s.	[ "South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa", "World Series of Poker" ]
2hop__138166_34874	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game was released for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita in January 12, 2017 in Japan. A playable demo featuring Makoto Naegi and Hajime Hinata, the protagonists of Danganronpa: Trigger Happy Havoc and Danganronpa 2: Goodbye Despair, was released on December 20, 2016. The limited edition of the game will include an original video animation based on Goodbye Despair, titled Super Danganronpa 2.5: Komaeda Nagito to Sekai no Hakaisha. Coinciding with the game's Japanese release, Danganronpa V3 - themed PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita consoles will be released in Japan. NIS America is scheduled to release the game in English on September 26, 2017.", "title": "Danganronpa V3: Killing Harmony" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Doublet participated in the negotiations for the surrender of the Knights when Malta was captured by Napoleon in 1798. Grand Master Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim had failed to bolster Valletta's defenses against the French fleet and had peacefully admitted some French ships to the harbor, leading to the island's capture. Doublet, being in the Grand Master's direct service, was accused as a collaborator with the French and became caught in the political maneuvering by other members to depose Hompesch.", "title": "Pierre Jean Louis Ovide Doublet" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The establishment of the Canadian Department reflected the aspirations of the Continental Congress and some Americans to annex the British province of Quebec, then often referred to as ``Canada '', but the effort was ultimately unsuccessful. Although the Americans captured Montreal in November 1775, and established their headquarters at Château Ramezay, the region was never entirely under the control of the Continental Army. The Canadian Department was formally established from the New York Department on January 17, 1776. After the Invasion of Canada failed, all troops were withdrawn to Fort Ticonderoga, New York. The Canadian Department was officially discontinued on July 8, 1776.", "title": "Departments of the Continental Army" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the disastrous 1757 British campaigns (resulting in a failed expedition against Louisbourg and the Siege of Fort William Henry, which was followed by Indian torture and massacres of British victims), the British government fell. William Pitt came to power and significantly increased British military resources in the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces it had in New France. France concentrated its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European theatre of the war. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada. They succeeded in capturing territory in surrounding colonies and ultimately Quebec. Though the British were later defeated at Sainte Foy in Quebec, the French ceded Canada in accordance with the 1763 treaty.", "title": "French and Indian War" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hajime Kamoshida (, born April 11, 1978) is a Japanese light novelist. His most famous work is \"The Pet Girl of Sakurasou\", has been adapted into a manga in 2011 and an anime television series in 2012. He started his career with \"Saga of a World Without God\" () in 2007.", "title": "Hajime Kamoshida" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 20 June 1990, Uzbekistan declared its state sovereignty. On 31 August 1991, Uzbekistan declared independence after the failed coup attempt in Moscow. 1 September was proclaimed the National Independence Day. The Soviet Union was dissolved on 26 December of that year.", "title": "Uzbekistan" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sławomir Wolniak (born January 23, 1988) is a National Record holding swimmer from Poland who specializes in the breaststroke. He is a four-time Polish national champion, having captured the 50m and 100m breaststrokes in 2007, and the 100m and 200m breaststroke in 2009.", "title": "Sławomir Wolniak" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Third Crusade (1189 -- 1192), also known as The Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad - Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb). The campaign was largely successful in capturing the important cities of Acre and Jaffa, and reversing most of Saladin's conquests, but it failed to capture Jerusalem, the emotional and spiritual motivation of the Crusade.", "title": "Third Crusade" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt. In response to the crisis of 2010, some proposals have surfaced for a collective European bond issue that would allow the central bank to purchase a European version of US Treasury bills. To make European sovereign debt assets more similar to a US Treasury, a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency would be necessary.[b] But the German government has resisted this proposal, and other analyses indicate that \"the sickness of the euro\" is due to the linkage between sovereign debt and failing national banking systems. If the European central bank were to deal directly with failing banking systems sovereign debt would not look as leveraged relative to national income in the financially weaker member states.", "title": "European Central Bank" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Japanese responded to the Allied attacks by launching an offensive of their own into India in the middle of March, across the mountainous and densely forested frontier. This attack, codenamed Operation U-Go, was advocated by Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi, the recently promoted commander of the Japanese Fifteenth Army; Imperial General Headquarters permitted it to proceed, despite misgivings at several intervening headquarters. Although several units of the British Fourteenth Army had to fight their way out of encirclement, by early April they had concentrated around Imphal in Manipur state. A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima. During April, the Japanese attacks against Imphal failed, while fresh Allied formations drove the Japanese from the positions they had captured at Kohima.", "title": "Pacific War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. Italy unified into a nation state. The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power. Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire.", "title": "Southern Europe" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In June 2012, he set a national record in the 200 m individual medley. At the 2012 Summer Olympics he finished 33rd overall in the heats in the Men's 400 metre individual medley and failed to reach the final.", "title": "Quah Zheng Wen" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The terms international policing, transnational policing, and/or global policing began to be used from the early 1990s onwards to describe forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation-state (Nadelmann, 1993), (Sheptycki, 1995). These terms refer in variable ways to practices and forms for policing that, in some sense, transcend national borders. This includes a variety of practices, but international police cooperation, criminal intelligence exchange between police agencies working in different nation-states, and police development-aid to weak, failed or failing states are the three types that have received the most scholarly attention.", "title": "Police" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rank Finalist Outcome Obstacle / Time Josh Levin Completed 8: 21.30 Jessie Graff Failed Helix Hang Kevin Bull Failed The Wedge Chris Workman Failed The Wedge 5 Nicholas Coolridge Failed The Wedge 6 Adam Rayl Failed The Wedge 7 Flip Rodriguez Failed The Wedge 8 Gabe Hurtado Failed The Wedge 9 Liam Buell Failed The Wedge 10 Grant McCartney Failed The Wedge 11 Ryan Robinson Failed The Wedge 12 Justin Hillsten Failed The Wedge 13 Jackson Meyer Failed The Wedge 14 Nick Hanson Failed The Wedge 15 Ben Melick Failed The Wedge", "title": "American Ninja Warrior (season 8)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Continental Army forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but the British captured and held New York City for the duration of the war. The British blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76, but they captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777, and the French entered the war as allies of the United States as a result. The war later turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781, effectively ending the war in the United States. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict, confirming the new nation's complete separation from the British Empire. The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes, with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida.", "title": "American Revolution" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In World War II, it was recognised that the Rhine would present a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944. The bridges at Nijmegen, over the Waal distributary of the Rhine, were also an objective of Operation Market Garden. In a separate operation, the Ludendorff Bridge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, became famous, when U.S. forces were able to capture it intact – much to their own surprise – after the Germans failed to demolish it. This also became the subject of a film, The Bridge at Remagen. Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War.", "title": "Rhine" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mutallip Hajim (died 2008) was a prominent Uyghur businessman from Xinjiang province in China who died while in police custody.", "title": "Mutallip Hajim" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hargrove began karting in 2008 and after winning several championships in Canada and on the west coast of the United States, raced in the Skip Barber Racing School summer series in 2011, winning the championship. In 2012, he moved to the U.S. F2000 National Championship driving for JDC Motorsports. Hargrove finished sixth in the 2012 U.S. F2000 Winterfest and then 11th in the 2012 U.S. F2000 National Championship with one third-place finish in each as his best result. In 2013, he switched teams to Cape Motorsports with Wayne Taylor Racing, Hargrove finished second in the Winterfest and then won the 2013 series championship, capturing four wins. He beat his teammate Neil Alberico, who had six wins, by 17 points. Hargrove only failed to finish a single race, the final one of the season. With his championship Hargrove wins a $383,000 USD scholarship to compete in the Pro Mazda Championship in 2014 through the Road to Indy program.", "title": "Scott Hargrove" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Terravex Oil is in the midst of a fracking operation near a lake in North Dakota, overseen by CEO Reece Tenneson and geologist Jim Dowd. The operation releases three subterranean creatures and destroys the drilling rig. Two are captured by Terravex, but one of them escapes the site. Meanwhile, high school senior Tripp Coley is looking for something to do to escape the life of his family; his parents are divorced, his mother Cindy is in a relationship with Rick the town's sheriff, who fails to take him seriously, and has taken up a part - time job at a local junkyard, where he builds a pickup truck in hopes of being able to leave his town. One night, Tripp encounters the escaped creature in the junkyard and captures it, but the creature escapes before he can seek authorities.", "title": "Monster Trucks (film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Universal Declaration was adopted by the General Assembly as Resolution 217 on 10 December 1948. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained and Honduras and Yemen failed to vote or abstain.", "title": "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" } ]	During the Pacific War, what did the forces of the people whose nationality is shared by Hajime Kamoshida, fail to capture?	defences at Kohima	[ "Kohima" ]	Title: Third Crusade Passage: The Third Crusade (1189 -- 1192), also known as The Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad - Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb). The campaign was largely successful in capturing the important cities of Acre and Jaffa, and reversing most of Saladin's conquests, but it failed to capture Jerusalem, the emotional and spiritual motivation of the Crusade. Title: Monster Trucks (film) Passage: Terravex Oil is in the midst of a fracking operation near a lake in North Dakota, overseen by CEO Reece Tenneson and geologist Jim Dowd. The operation releases three subterranean creatures and destroys the drilling rig. Two are captured by Terravex, but one of them escapes the site. Meanwhile, high school senior Tripp Coley is looking for something to do to escape the life of his family; his parents are divorced, his mother Cindy is in a relationship with Rick the town's sheriff, who fails to take him seriously, and has taken up a part - time job at a local junkyard, where he builds a pickup truck in hopes of being able to leave his town. One night, Tripp encounters the escaped creature in the junkyard and captures it, but the creature escapes before he can seek authorities. Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Passage: The Universal Declaration was adopted by the General Assembly as Resolution 217 on 10 December 1948. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained and Honduras and Yemen failed to vote or abstain. Title: American Revolution Passage: The Continental Army forced the British out of Boston in 1776, but the British captured and held New York City for the duration of the war. The British blockaded ports and captured other cities for brief periods, but they failed to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775 -- 76, but they captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in late 1777, and the French entered the war as allies of the United States as a result. The war later turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at South Carolina but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American -- French force captured a second British army at Yorktown in 1781, effectively ending the war in the United States. The Treaty of Paris in 1783 formally ended the conflict, confirming the new nation's complete separation from the British Empire. The United States took possession of nearly all the territory east of the Mississippi River and south of the Great Lakes, with the British retaining control of Canada and Spain taking Florida. Title: French and Indian War Passage: After the disastrous 1757 British campaigns (resulting in a failed expedition against Louisbourg and the Siege of Fort William Henry, which was followed by Indian torture and massacres of British victims), the British government fell. William Pitt came to power and significantly increased British military resources in the colonies at a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to aid the limited forces it had in New France. France concentrated its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European theatre of the war. Between 1758 and 1760, the British military launched a campaign to capture the Colony of Canada. They succeeded in capturing territory in surrounding colonies and ultimately Quebec. Though the British were later defeated at Sainte Foy in Quebec, the French ceded Canada in accordance with the 1763 treaty. Title: Scott Hargrove Passage: Hargrove began karting in 2008 and after winning several championships in Canada and on the west coast of the United States, raced in the Skip Barber Racing School summer series in 2011, winning the championship. In 2012, he moved to the U.S. F2000 National Championship driving for JDC Motorsports. Hargrove finished sixth in the 2012 U.S. F2000 Winterfest and then 11th in the 2012 U.S. F2000 National Championship with one third-place finish in each as his best result. In 2013, he switched teams to Cape Motorsports with Wayne Taylor Racing, Hargrove finished second in the Winterfest and then won the 2013 series championship, capturing four wins. He beat his teammate Neil Alberico, who had six wins, by 17 points. Hargrove only failed to finish a single race, the final one of the season. With his championship Hargrove wins a $383,000 USD scholarship to compete in the Pro Mazda Championship in 2014 through the Road to Indy program. Title: Hajime Kamoshida Passage: Hajime Kamoshida (, born April 11, 1978) is a Japanese light novelist. His most famous work is "The Pet Girl of Sakurasou", has been adapted into a manga in 2011 and an anime television series in 2012. He started his career with "Saga of a World Without God" () in 2007. Title: Uzbekistan Passage: On 20 June 1990, Uzbekistan declared its state sovereignty. On 31 August 1991, Uzbekistan declared independence after the failed coup attempt in Moscow. 1 September was proclaimed the National Independence Day. The Soviet Union was dissolved on 26 December of that year. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Japanese responded to the Allied attacks by launching an offensive of their own into India in the middle of March, across the mountainous and densely forested frontier. This attack, codenamed Operation U-Go, was advocated by Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi, the recently promoted commander of the Japanese Fifteenth Army; Imperial General Headquarters permitted it to proceed, despite misgivings at several intervening headquarters. Although several units of the British Fourteenth Army had to fight their way out of encirclement, by early April they had concentrated around Imphal in Manipur state. A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima. During April, the Japanese attacks against Imphal failed, while fresh Allied formations drove the Japanese from the positions they had captured at Kohima. Title: European Central Bank Passage: The European Central Bank had stepped up the buying of member nations debt. In response to the crisis of 2010, some proposals have surfaced for a collective European bond issue that would allow the central bank to purchase a European version of US Treasury bills. To make European sovereign debt assets more similar to a US Treasury, a collective guarantee of the member states' solvency would be necessary.[b] But the German government has resisted this proposal, and other analyses indicate that "the sickness of the euro" is due to the linkage between sovereign debt and failing national banking systems. If the European central bank were to deal directly with failing banking systems sovereign debt would not look as leveraged relative to national income in the financially weaker member states. Title: Rhine Passage: In World War II, it was recognised that the Rhine would present a formidable natural obstacle to the invasion of Germany, by the Western Allies. The Rhine bridge at Arnhem, immortalized in the book, A Bridge Too Far and the film, was a central focus of the battle for Arnhem, during the failed Operation Market Garden of September 1944. The bridges at Nijmegen, over the Waal distributary of the Rhine, were also an objective of Operation Market Garden. In a separate operation, the Ludendorff Bridge, crossing the Rhine at Remagen, became famous, when U.S. forces were able to capture it intact – much to their own surprise – after the Germans failed to demolish it. This also became the subject of a film, The Bridge at Remagen. Seven Days to the River Rhine was a Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War. Title: Departments of the Continental Army Passage: The establishment of the Canadian Department reflected the aspirations of the Continental Congress and some Americans to annex the British province of Quebec, then often referred to as ``Canada '', but the effort was ultimately unsuccessful. Although the Americans captured Montreal in November 1775, and established their headquarters at Château Ramezay, the region was never entirely under the control of the Continental Army. The Canadian Department was formally established from the New York Department on January 17, 1776. After the Invasion of Canada failed, all troops were withdrawn to Fort Ticonderoga, New York. The Canadian Department was officially discontinued on July 8, 1776. Title: Southern Europe Passage: The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. Italy unified into a nation state. The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power. Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire. Title: Danganronpa V3: Killing Harmony Passage: The game was released for PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita in January 12, 2017 in Japan. A playable demo featuring Makoto Naegi and Hajime Hinata, the protagonists of Danganronpa: Trigger Happy Havoc and Danganronpa 2: Goodbye Despair, was released on December 20, 2016. The limited edition of the game will include an original video animation based on Goodbye Despair, titled Super Danganronpa 2.5: Komaeda Nagito to Sekai no Hakaisha. Coinciding with the game's Japanese release, Danganronpa V3 - themed PlayStation 4 and PlayStation Vita consoles will be released in Japan. NIS America is scheduled to release the game in English on September 26, 2017. Title: American Ninja Warrior (season 8) Passage: Rank Finalist Outcome Obstacle / Time Josh Levin Completed 8: 21.30 Jessie Graff Failed Helix Hang Kevin Bull Failed The Wedge Chris Workman Failed The Wedge 5 Nicholas Coolridge Failed The Wedge 6 Adam Rayl Failed The Wedge 7 Flip Rodriguez Failed The Wedge 8 Gabe Hurtado Failed The Wedge 9 Liam Buell Failed The Wedge 10 Grant McCartney Failed The Wedge 11 Ryan Robinson Failed The Wedge 12 Justin Hillsten Failed The Wedge 13 Jackson Meyer Failed The Wedge 14 Nick Hanson Failed The Wedge 15 Ben Melick Failed The Wedge Title: Police Passage: The terms international policing, transnational policing, and/or global policing began to be used from the early 1990s onwards to describe forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation-state (Nadelmann, 1993), (Sheptycki, 1995). These terms refer in variable ways to practices and forms for policing that, in some sense, transcend national borders. This includes a variety of practices, but international police cooperation, criminal intelligence exchange between police agencies working in different nation-states, and police development-aid to weak, failed or failing states are the three types that have received the most scholarly attention. Title: Mutallip Hajim Passage: Mutallip Hajim (died 2008) was a prominent Uyghur businessman from Xinjiang province in China who died while in police custody.	[ "Hajime Kamoshida", "Pacific War" ]
2hop__21555_26878	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Library of Nepal is located in Patan. It is the largest library in the country with more than 70,000 books. English, Nepali, Sanskrit, Hindi, and Nepal Bhasa books are found here. The library is in possession of rare scholarly books in Sanskrit and English dating from the 17th century AD. Kathmandu also contains the Kaiser Library, located in the Kaiser Mahal on the ground floor of the Ministry of Education building. This collection of around 45,000 books is derived from a personal collection of Kaiser Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana. It covers a wide range of subjects including history, law, art, religion, and philosophy, as well as a Sanskrit manual of Tantra, which is believed to be over 1,000 years old. The 2015 earthquake caused severe damage to the Ministry of Education building, and the contents of the Kaiser Library have been temporarily relocated.", "title": "Kathmandu" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "With the financial expansion, trading rights became more jealously guarded by the commercial elite. Towns saw the growing power of guilds, while on a national level special companies would be granted monopolies on particular trades, like the English wool Staple. The beneficiaries of these developments would accumulate immense wealth. Families like the Fuggers in Germany, the Medicis in Italy, the de la Poles in England, and individuals like Jacques Coeur in France would help finance the wars of kings, and achieve great political influence in the process.", "title": "Late Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The , or \"Oriental Library\", is Japan's largest Asian studies library and one of the world's five largest, located in Tokyo. It also functions as a research institute dedicated to the study of Asian history and culture. It has greatly contributed to the development of Asian Studies through the acquisition of books and other source materials as well as the publication of research by Japanese scholars. Presently, the library contains approximately 950,000 volumes which are cataloged linguistically according to Asian, Western and Japanese language materials.", "title": "Tōyō Bunko" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.", "title": "Harvard University" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Shanghai Library (), which also houses the Shanghai Institute of Scientific and Technological Information (), is the municipal library of Shanghai, China. It is the second largest library in China after the National Library in Beijing. At 24 stories and 348 feet (106 m) tall, it is the second tallest library in the world, as well as one of the largest. The building has a tower that looks like a giant lighthouse.", "title": "Shanghai Library" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles, the second largest library in France after the Bibliothèque nationale de France. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the unique status of being simultaneously a students' and a national library. The Strasbourg municipal library had been marked erroneously as \"City Hall\" in a French commercial map, which had been captured and used by the German artillery to lay their guns. A librarian from Munich later pointed out \"...that the destruction of the precious collection was not the fault of a German artillery officer, who used the French map, but of the slovenly and inaccurate scholarship of a Frenchman.\"", "title": "Strasbourg" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nowadays it is one of the largest libraries in the Czech Republic with unique collection of historical sources, among others 1451 manuscripts and 1700 incunables.", "title": "Research Library in Olomouc" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) is a division of the American Library Association, and it is the world's largest organization dedicated to library service to children. Its members are concerned with creating a better future for children through libraries.", "title": "Association for Library Service to Children" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northwestern library system consists of four libraries on the Evanston campus including the present main library, University Library and the original library building, Deering Library; three libraries on the Chicago campus; and the library affiliated with Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary. The University Library contains over 4.9 million volumes, 4.6 million microforms, and almost 99,000 periodicals making it (by volume) the 30th-largest university library in North America and the 10th-largest library among private universities. Notable collections in the library system include the Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, the largest Africana collection in the world, an extensive collection of early edition printed music and manuscripts as well as late-modern works, and an art collection noted for its 19th and 20th-century Western art and architecture periodicals. The library system participates with 15 other universities in digitizing its collections as a part of the Google Book Search project. The Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art is a major art museum in Chicago, containing more than 4,000 works in its permanent collection as well as dedicating a third of its space to temporary and traveling exhibitions.", "title": "Northwestern University" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:", "title": "Royal Institute of British Architects" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius University Library or VU Library (also VUL) is the oldest and one of the largest academic libraries of Lithuania. It was founded in 1570 by the Jesuits and as such is nine years older than Vilnius University. VU Library holds 5.4 million documents on shelves measuring 166 kilometres (103 mi) in length. The holdings, accessible to members of the university and wider public, include some of the oldest manuscripts, incunabula and engravings in Lithuania and Eastern Europe. At present the library has 36 thousand users.", "title": "Vilnius University Library" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are several academic libraries and archives in Paris. The Sorbonne Library in the 5th arrondissement is the largest university library in Paris. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques. Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library.", "title": "Paris" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Waterloo Library, also known as the Waterloo Library and Historical Society, is a historic library building located at Waterloo in Seneca County, New York. The second story of the two-story frame structure contains a small theater.", "title": "Waterloo Library" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Branford Price Millar Library is the library of Portland State University (PSU) in Portland, Oregon, United States. Built in 1968, the academic library was doubled in size in 1991 and houses over 1 million volumes. The five-story building is located on the school's campus on the South Park Blocks in Downtown Portland and is the largest academic library in the Portland area.", "title": "Branford Price Millar Library" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "University of Colombo library is a centrally administered network of libraries in University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is home to one of the largest and oldest collections in Sri Lanka, with its roots dating back to 1870 with the establishment of the library of the Ceylon Medical College.", "title": "University of Colombo library" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dublin City Public Libraries is the largest library authority in the Republic of Ireland, serving over half a million people through a network of 21 branch libraries, a number of specialist services and Mobile Library stops.", "title": "Dublin City Public Libraries and Archive" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Grace Keiser Maring Library is located on the south side of Muncie, Indiana, USA. Built at 1808 South Madision Street, the library is next to Heekin Park, the largest and oldest community park in Muncie. The library was the first branch library built in the city.", "title": "Grace Keiser Maring Library" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Vancouver Community Library is a library in Vancouver, Washington, in the United States. Part of the Fort Vancouver Regional Library District, the 83,000-square-foot library is the second largest in the Portland metropolitan area, second to the Central Library in Portland, Oregon. The library's grand opening was held on July 17, 2011. It is a LEED Gold Certified building.", "title": "Vancouver Community Library" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.", "title": "University of Notre Dame" } ]	What is the second largest library in the country that Jacques Couer was from?	Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire	[ "libraries", "Library", "library" ]	Title: Association for Library Service to Children Passage: The Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) is a division of the American Library Association, and it is the world's largest organization dedicated to library service to children. Its members are concerned with creating a better future for children through libraries. Title: Waterloo Library Passage: Waterloo Library, also known as the Waterloo Library and Historical Society, is a historic library building located at Waterloo in Seneca County, New York. The second story of the two-story frame structure contains a small theater. Title: Research Library in Olomouc Passage: Nowadays it is one of the largest libraries in the Czech Republic with unique collection of historical sources, among others 1451 manuscripts and 1700 incunables. Title: Paris Passage: There are several academic libraries and archives in Paris. The Sorbonne Library in the 5th arrondissement is the largest university library in Paris. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques. Other academic libraries include Interuniversity Pharmaceutical Library, Leonardo da Vinci University Library, Paris School of Mines Library, and the René Descartes University Library. Title: Shanghai Library Passage: The Shanghai Library (), which also houses the Shanghai Institute of Scientific and Technological Information (), is the municipal library of Shanghai, China. It is the second largest library in China after the National Library in Beijing. At 24 stories and 348 feet (106 m) tall, it is the second tallest library in the world, as well as one of the largest. The building has a tower that looks like a giant lighthouse. Title: Kathmandu Passage: The National Library of Nepal is located in Patan. It is the largest library in the country with more than 70,000 books. English, Nepali, Sanskrit, Hindi, and Nepal Bhasa books are found here. The library is in possession of rare scholarly books in Sanskrit and English dating from the 17th century AD. Kathmandu also contains the Kaiser Library, located in the Kaiser Mahal on the ground floor of the Ministry of Education building. This collection of around 45,000 books is derived from a personal collection of Kaiser Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana. It covers a wide range of subjects including history, law, art, religion, and philosophy, as well as a Sanskrit manual of Tantra, which is believed to be over 1,000 years old. The 2015 earthquake caused severe damage to the Ministry of Education building, and the contents of the Kaiser Library have been temporarily relocated. Title: Vancouver Community Library Passage: The Vancouver Community Library is a library in Vancouver, Washington, in the United States. Part of the Fort Vancouver Regional Library District, the 83,000-square-foot library is the second largest in the Portland metropolitan area, second to the Central Library in Portland, Oregon. The library's grand opening was held on July 17, 2011. It is a LEED Gold Certified building. Title: Branford Price Millar Library Passage: The Branford Price Millar Library is the library of Portland State University (PSU) in Portland, Oregon, United States. Built in 1968, the academic library was doubled in size in 1991 and houses over 1 million volumes. The five-story building is located on the school's campus on the South Park Blocks in Downtown Portland and is the largest academic library in the Portland area. Title: Tōyō Bunko Passage: The , or "Oriental Library", is Japan's largest Asian studies library and one of the world's five largest, located in Tokyo. It also functions as a research institute dedicated to the study of Asian history and culture. It has greatly contributed to the development of Asian Studies through the acquisition of books and other source materials as well as the publication of research by Japanese scholars. Presently, the library contains approximately 950,000 volumes which are cataloged linguistically according to Asian, Western and Japanese language materials. Title: Dublin City Public Libraries and Archive Passage: Dublin City Public Libraries is the largest library authority in the Republic of Ireland, serving over half a million people through a network of 21 branch libraries, a number of specialist services and Mobile Library stops. Title: Harvard University Passage: The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library. Title: Late Middle Ages Passage: With the financial expansion, trading rights became more jealously guarded by the commercial elite. Towns saw the growing power of guilds, while on a national level special companies would be granted monopolies on particular trades, like the English wool Staple. The beneficiaries of these developments would accumulate immense wealth. Families like the Fuggers in Germany, the Medicis in Italy, the de la Poles in England, and individuals like Jacques Coeur in France would help finance the wars of kings, and achieve great political influence in the process. Title: Royal Institute of British Architects Passage: The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include: Title: University of Colombo library Passage: University of Colombo library is a centrally administered network of libraries in University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is home to one of the largest and oldest collections in Sri Lanka, with its roots dating back to 1870 with the establishment of the library of the Ceylon Medical College. Title: Grace Keiser Maring Library Passage: The Grace Keiser Maring Library is located on the south side of Muncie, Indiana, USA. Built at 1808 South Madision Street, the library is next to Heekin Park, the largest and oldest community park in Muncie. The library was the first branch library built in the city. Title: Strasbourg Passage: The Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) is, with its collection of more than 3,000,000 titles, the second largest library in France after the Bibliothèque nationale de France. It was founded by the German administration after the complete destruction of the previous municipal library in 1871 and holds the unique status of being simultaneously a students' and a national library. The Strasbourg municipal library had been marked erroneously as "City Hall" in a French commercial map, which had been captured and used by the German artillery to lay their guns. A librarian from Munich later pointed out "...that the destruction of the precious collection was not the fault of a German artillery officer, who used the French map, but of the slovenly and inaccurate scholarship of a Frenchman." Title: New York City Passage: The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn.	[ "Late Middle Ages", "Strasbourg" ]
3hop1__299857_69818_158811	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gay rights have increased substantially in the past years. On 31 May 2010, Portugal became the sixth country in Europe and the eighth country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage on the national level. The law came into force on 5 June 2010. Same-sex adoption is allowed since 1 March 2016 as is female same-sex couple access to medically assisted reproduction since 13 May 2016. This bill was adopted by the Parliament and signed by President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa. As of January 2017 the New Law of Gender Identity, simplified the process of gender and name change for transgender people, making it easier for minors to change their gender identity.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Modern Family revolves around three different types of families (nuclear, step- and same-sex) living in the Los Angeles area, who are interrelated through Jay Pritchett and his children, Claire Dunphy (née Pritchett) and Mitchell Pritchett. Patriarch Jay is remarried to a much younger woman, Gloria Delgado Pritchett (née Ramirez), a passionate woman with whom he has a young son, Fulgencio Joseph \"Joe\" Pritchett, and a son from Gloria's previous marriage, Manuel “Manny” Delgado.", "title": "Modern Family" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) (Pub. L. 104 -- 199, 110 Stat. 2419, enacted September 21, 1996, 1 U.S.C. § 7 and 28 U.S.C. § 1738C) was a United States federal law that, prior to being ruled unconstitutional, defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same - sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. Until Section 3 of the Act was struck down in 2013 (United States v. Windsor), DOMA, in conjunction with other statutes, had barred same - sex married couples from being recognized as ``spouses ''for purposes of federal laws, effectively barring them from receiving federal marriage benefits. DOMA's passage did not prevent individual states from recognizing same - sex marriage, but it imposed constraints on the benefits received by all legally married same - sex couples.", "title": "Defense of Marriage Act" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first mandatory sex test issued by the IAAF for woman athletes was in July 1950 in the month before the European Championships in Belgium. All athletes were tested in their own countries. Sex testing at the games began at the 1966 European Athletics Championships in response to suspicion that several of the best women athletes from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe were actually men. At the Olympics, testing was introduced in 1968.", "title": "Sex verification in sports" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bill to permit Civil Unions. Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights.", "title": "Bermuda" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London.", "title": "Birth control movement in the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Macau was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it constituted the last remaining European colony in Asia. Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was leased to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony through a mutual agreement between the two countries. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer.", "title": "Macau" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During another incident around this time, which landed Johnson in court, she was confronted by police officers for hustling in New York, and when they went to apprehend her, she hit them with her handbag, which contained two bricks. When Johnson was asked by the judge why she was hustling, Johnson explained she was trying to secure enough money for her husband's tombstone. During a time when same - sex marriage was illegal in the United States, the judge asked her what ``happened to this alleged husband '', Johnson responded,`` Pigs killed him''. Initially sentenced to 90 days in prison for the assault, Johnson's lawyer eventually convinced the judge to sent her to Bellevue instead.", "title": "Marsha P. Johnson" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As early as the mid-1980s, a group of gay rights activists, headed by Henk Krol – then editor-in-chief of the Gay Krant – asked the Government to allow same-sex couples to marry. Parliament decided in 1995 to create a special commission, which was to investigate the possibility of same-sex marriages. At that moment, the Christian Democrats (Christian Democratic Appeal) were not part of the ruling coalition for the first time since the introduction of full democracy. The special commission finished its work in 1997 and concluded that civil marriage should be extended to include same-sex couples. After the election of 1998, the Government promised to tackle the issue. In September 2000, the final legislation draft was debated in the Dutch Parliament.", "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as ``the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ''At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires.", "title": "Monroe Doctrine" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 27 October 2007, the Moderate Party formally backed same-sex marriages, meaning that the Christian Democrats would be the only party to oppose the law. Göran Hägglund, the leader of the Christian Democrats, stated on Swedish Radio, \"my position is that I have been tasked by the party to argue that marriage is for men and women. … When we discuss it between parties we are naturally open and sensitive to each other's arguments and we'll see if we can find a line that allows us to come together.\"On 12 December 2007, the Church of Sweden gave the green light for same-sex couples to wed in the church, but recommended the term marriage be restricted to opposite-sex couples. It was asked by the Government for its opinion on the matter before the introduction of legislation in early 2008. \"Marriage and (same-sex) partnerships are equivalent forms of unions. Therefore the Church of Sweden's central board says yes to the proposal to join the legislation for marriages and partnerships into a single law,\" the Church said in a statement. \"According to the Church of Sweden's board the word 'marriage' should, however, only be used for the relationship between a woman and a man,\" it said.On 14 January 2008, two leading politicians in the Christian Democrats took a position against the party and started to support same-sex marriage.Reports suggested the Government would table its same-sex marriage bill in early 2008, however, they had yet to propose a bill. This was likely due to the Christian Democrats' opposition from within the four-party centre-right governing coalition despite their being the only party opposing the move. After negotiations on a compromise broke down and facing a parliamentary ultimatum in late October 2008, the Government prepared to present its bill to a free vote.", "title": "Same-sex marriage in Sweden" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Heartbeat\" is a 1986 song by Don Johnson. It was released as a single and included on the album of the same name. It became an international hit, peaking at number five on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and charting highly in many European countries.", "title": "Heartbeat (Don Johnson song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He was born in Macao, China, the son of John William Roberts of the East India Company and was educated at Mr Styles' Classical Academy in Thames Ditton and at the Addiscombe Military Seminary for service in the East India Company (the HEIC).", "title": "Manuel John Johnson" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Blankenhorn (born 1955 in Jackson, Mississippi) is the founder and president of the Institute for American Values, co-director of The Marriage Opportunity Council, and the author of \"Fatherless America\" and \"The Future of Marriage\". A noted figure in the campaign against same-sex marriage in the United States, his position changed and he voiced support of legalizing same-sex marriage in June 2012.", "title": "David Blankenhorn" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Timothy John \"Tim\" Coco (born April 30, 1961) is an American business executive, Internet radio pioneer and civil rights activist. He founded COCO+CO., Inc. in 1991 and continues to lead the advertising agency as president and chief executive officer. He gained international notoriety between 2007 and 2010 when he fought—ultimately successful—to be reunited with his same sex spouse when the United States' Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) separated them.", "title": "Tim Coco" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The film ends with the couple meeting the marriage counselor (William Fichtner) again, where the Smiths state how much their marriage has thrived, with John encouraging him to ask for an update on their sex lives (to which he silently answers ``10 '').", "title": "Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of same - sex marriage in Australia includes its express prohibition by the Howard Government in 2004 and its eventual legalisation by the Parliament in December 2017. Although a same - sex marriage law was passed by the Australian Capital Territory in 2013, it was struck down by the High Court on the basis of inconsistency with federal law. The Court's decision closed the possibility of concurrent state or territory laws that would allow same - sex marriage where federal law did not. A law legalising same - sex marriage passed the Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent the following day.", "title": "History of same-sex marriage in Australia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands has been legal since 1 April 2001. The Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.", "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Traditionally, marriages were often arranged during the pregnancies of two women. If they gave birth to opposite sex babies, the two babies were supposed to be married if they grew up as friends. It was problematic if a boy or girl came of age and rejected their assigned fiancé(e). Finding a replacement was difficult because most girls and boys were already engaged. However this custom has been disappearing. Most Tharus now practice conventional arranged marriages. They also practice love marriages, inter caste marriage, marriage after courtship and eloping.", "title": "Tharu people" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some early male settlers married Indigenous American women and had informal unions with them. Early contact between Indigenous Americans and Europeans was often charged with tension, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in both English and Latin colonies between European men and Native women. For instance, on April 5, 1614, Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman in present-day Virginia, married the Englishman John Rolfe of Jamestown. Their son Thomas Rolfe was an ancestor to many descendants in First Families of Virginia. As a result, English laws did not exclude people with some Indigenous American ancestry from being considered English or white.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" } ]	When did the country that colonized Manuel John Johnson's place of birth legalize same-sex marriage?	5 June 2010	[]	Title: Modern Family Passage: Modern Family revolves around three different types of families (nuclear, step- and same-sex) living in the Los Angeles area, who are interrelated through Jay Pritchett and his children, Claire Dunphy (née Pritchett) and Mitchell Pritchett. Patriarch Jay is remarried to a much younger woman, Gloria Delgado Pritchett (née Ramirez), a passionate woman with whom he has a young son, Fulgencio Joseph "Joe" Pritchett, and a son from Gloria's previous marriage, Manuel “Manny” Delgado. Title: Bermuda Passage: Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bill to permit Civil Unions. Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights. Title: Manuel John Johnson Passage: He was born in Macao, China, the son of John William Roberts of the East India Company and was educated at Mr Styles' Classical Academy in Thames Ditton and at the Addiscombe Military Seminary for service in the East India Company (the HEIC). Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Some early male settlers married Indigenous American women and had informal unions with them. Early contact between Indigenous Americans and Europeans was often charged with tension, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in both English and Latin colonies between European men and Native women. For instance, on April 5, 1614, Pocahontas, a Powhatan woman in present-day Virginia, married the Englishman John Rolfe of Jamestown. Their son Thomas Rolfe was an ancestor to many descendants in First Families of Virginia. As a result, English laws did not exclude people with some Indigenous American ancestry from being considered English or white. Title: Tharu people Passage: Traditionally, marriages were often arranged during the pregnancies of two women. If they gave birth to opposite sex babies, the two babies were supposed to be married if they grew up as friends. It was problematic if a boy or girl came of age and rejected their assigned fiancé(e). Finding a replacement was difficult because most girls and boys were already engaged. However this custom has been disappearing. Most Tharus now practice conventional arranged marriages. They also practice love marriages, inter caste marriage, marriage after courtship and eloping. Title: Same-sex marriage in Sweden Passage: On 27 October 2007, the Moderate Party formally backed same-sex marriages, meaning that the Christian Democrats would be the only party to oppose the law. Göran Hägglund, the leader of the Christian Democrats, stated on Swedish Radio, "my position is that I have been tasked by the party to argue that marriage is for men and women. … When we discuss it between parties we are naturally open and sensitive to each other's arguments and we'll see if we can find a line that allows us to come together."On 12 December 2007, the Church of Sweden gave the green light for same-sex couples to wed in the church, but recommended the term marriage be restricted to opposite-sex couples. It was asked by the Government for its opinion on the matter before the introduction of legislation in early 2008. "Marriage and (same-sex) partnerships are equivalent forms of unions. Therefore the Church of Sweden's central board says yes to the proposal to join the legislation for marriages and partnerships into a single law," the Church said in a statement. "According to the Church of Sweden's board the word 'marriage' should, however, only be used for the relationship between a woman and a man," it said.On 14 January 2008, two leading politicians in the Christian Democrats took a position against the party and started to support same-sex marriage.Reports suggested the Government would table its same-sex marriage bill in early 2008, however, they had yet to propose a bill. This was likely due to the Christian Democrats' opposition from within the four-party centre-right governing coalition despite their being the only party opposing the move. After negotiations on a compromise broke down and facing a parliamentary ultimatum in late October 2008, the Government prepared to present its bill to a free vote. Title: Macau Passage: Macau was administered by the Portuguese Empire and its inheritor states from the mid-16th century until late 1999, when it constituted the last remaining European colony in Asia. Portuguese traders first settled in Macau in the 1550s. In 1557, Macau was leased to Portugal from Ming China as a trading port. The Portuguese Empire administered the city under Chinese authority and sovereignty until 1887, when Macau became a colony through a mutual agreement between the two countries. Sovereignty over Macau was transferred back to China on 20 December 1999. The Joint Declaration on the Question of Macau and Macau Basic Law stipulate that Macau operate with a high degree of autonomy until at least 2049, fifty years after the transfer. Title: Portugal Passage: Gay rights have increased substantially in the past years. On 31 May 2010, Portugal became the sixth country in Europe and the eighth country in the world to legally recognize same-sex marriage on the national level. The law came into force on 5 June 2010. Same-sex adoption is allowed since 1 March 2016 as is female same-sex couple access to medically assisted reproduction since 13 May 2016. This bill was adopted by the Parliament and signed by President Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa. As of January 2017 the New Law of Gender Identity, simplified the process of gender and name change for transgender people, making it easier for minors to change their gender identity. Title: Defense of Marriage Act Passage: The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) (Pub. L. 104 -- 199, 110 Stat. 2419, enacted September 21, 1996, 1 U.S.C. § 7 and 28 U.S.C. § 1738C) was a United States federal law that, prior to being ruled unconstitutional, defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same - sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. Until Section 3 of the Act was struck down in 2013 (United States v. Windsor), DOMA, in conjunction with other statutes, had barred same - sex married couples from being recognized as ``spouses ''for purposes of federal laws, effectively barring them from receiving federal marriage benefits. DOMA's passage did not prevent individual states from recognizing same - sex marriage, but it imposed constraints on the benefits received by all legally married same - sex couples. Title: David Blankenhorn Passage: David Blankenhorn (born 1955 in Jackson, Mississippi) is the founder and president of the Institute for American Values, co-director of The Marriage Opportunity Council, and the author of "Fatherless America" and "The Future of Marriage". A noted figure in the campaign against same-sex marriage in the United States, his position changed and he voiced support of legalizing same-sex marriage in June 2012. Title: Heartbeat (Don Johnson song) Passage: "Heartbeat" is a 1986 song by Don Johnson. It was released as a single and included on the album of the same name. It became an international hit, peaking at number five on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and charting highly in many European countries. Title: Sex verification in sports Passage: The first mandatory sex test issued by the IAAF for woman athletes was in July 1950 in the month before the European Championships in Belgium. All athletes were tested in their own countries. Sex testing at the games began at the 1966 European Athletics Championships in response to suspicion that several of the best women athletes from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe were actually men. At the Olympics, testing was introduced in 1968. Title: History of same-sex marriage in Australia Passage: The history of same - sex marriage in Australia includes its express prohibition by the Howard Government in 2004 and its eventual legalisation by the Parliament in December 2017. Although a same - sex marriage law was passed by the Australian Capital Territory in 2013, it was struck down by the High Court on the basis of inconsistency with federal law. The Court's decision closed the possibility of concurrent state or territory laws that would allow same - sex marriage where federal law did not. A law legalising same - sex marriage passed the Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent the following day. Title: Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film) Passage: The film ends with the couple meeting the marriage counselor (William Fichtner) again, where the Smiths state how much their marriage has thrived, with John encouraging him to ask for an update on their sex lives (to which he silently answers ``10 ''). Title: Tim Coco Passage: Timothy John "Tim" Coco (born April 30, 1961) is an American business executive, Internet radio pioneer and civil rights activist. He founded COCO+CO., Inc. in 1991 and continues to lead the advertising agency as president and chief executive officer. He gained international notoriety between 2007 and 2010 when he fought—ultimately successful—to be reunited with his same sex spouse when the United States' Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) separated them. Title: Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands Passage: Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands has been legal since 1 April 2001. The Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage. Title: Monroe Doctrine Passage: The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas beginning in 1823. It stated that further efforts by European nations to take control of any independent state in North or South America would be viewed as ``the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States. ''At the same time, the doctrine noted that the U.S. would recognize and not interfere with existing European colonies nor meddle in the internal concerns of European countries. The Doctrine was issued on December 2, 1823 at a time when nearly all Latin American colonies of Spain and Portugal had achieved, or were at the point of gaining, independence from the Portuguese and Spanish Empires.	[ "Portugal", "Macau", "Manuel John Johnson" ]
2hop__177860_161223	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cerro del Bolsón is a mountain in the Aconquija Range of Argentina, in Tucumán province. It is the highest point of a significant eastern spur of the main range of the Andes, east of the Puna de Atacama region. It lies about 200 kilometres east of Ojos del Salado, the highest point in the Puna de Atacama.", "title": "Cerro del Bolsón" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At 449,964 km2 (173,732 sq mi), Sweden is the 55th-largest country in the world, the 4th-largest country entirely in Europe, and the largest in Northern Europe. The lowest elevation in Sweden is in the bay of Lake Hammarsjön, near Kristianstad, at −2.41 m (−7.91 ft) below sea level. The highest point is Kebnekaise at 2,111 m (6,926 ft) above sea level.", "title": "Sweden" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points.", "title": "Monniaz" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Punta Marguareis (It) or Pointe Marguareis (Fr) is a mountain in the Ligurian Alps, on the boundary between Italy and France; It is the highest peak of the Ligurian Alps.", "title": "Punta Marguareis" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means \"Beautiful little mountain\" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high.", "title": "Thabana Ntlenyana" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mafadi () is a peak on the border of South Africa and Lesotho. At a height of , it is the highest mountain in the nation of South Africa, but is lower than Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest peak in Lesotho which is, at , the highest point in Southern Africa. Mafadi lies at S 29 12 08.4 E 29 21 25.5 in the WGS84 format.", "title": "Mafadi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chemin des Révoires is a pathway within Les Révoires district of the Principality of Monaco. It is the highest point in Monaco.", "title": "Chemin des Révoires" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Gabon, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. In Uganda however, it occurs at altitudes between 1,100 and 1,400 metres.", "title": "Green-breasted pitta" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At 2,501.9 metres above sea level, Säntis is the highest mountain in the Alpstein massif of northeastern Switzerland. It is also the culminating point of the whole Appenzell Alps, between Lake Walen and Lake Constance. Shared by three cantons, the mountain is a highly visible landmark thanks to its exposed northerly position within the Alpstein massif. As a consequence, houses called \"Säntisblick\" (English: \"Säntis view\") can be found in regions as far away as the Black Forest in Germany. Säntis is among the most prominent summits in the Alps and the most prominent summit in Europe with an observation deck on the top. The panorama from the summit is spectacular. Six countries can be seen if the weather allows: Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, France, and Italy.", "title": "Säntis" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monte Solaro is a mountain on the island of Capri in Campania, Italy. With an elevation of 589 m, its peak is the highest point of Capri.", "title": "Monte Solaro" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilt Chamberlain holds the all - time records for total points scored (4,029) and points per game (50.4) in a season; both records were achieved in the 1961 -- 62 season. He also holds the rookie records for points per game when he averaged 37.6 points in the 1959 -- 60 season. Among active players, Kevin Durant has the highest point total (2,593) and the highest scoring average (32.0) in a season; both were achieved in the 2013 -- 14 season.", "title": "List of National Basketball Association annual scoring leaders" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Baraque Michel () is a locality in the municipality Jalhay, in the High Fens, eastern Belgium. Before the annexation of the Eastern Cantons by Belgium in 1919, it was the highest point of Belgium. Now it is the third highest point at , after the nearby Signal de Botrange () and the Weißer Stein ().", "title": "Baraque Michel" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dalhousie Mountain is a Canadian peak in the Cobequid Mountains and the highest elevation point in Pictou County, Nova Scotia.", "title": "Dalhousie Mountain" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kakira is a town in the Eastern Region of Uganda. It is the location of the International headquarters of the Madhvani Group.", "title": "Kakira" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nassacher Höhe is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany. The highest point of the Hassberge. It is 512 m above NN.", "title": "Nassacher Höhe" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Teide (Spanish: Pico del Teide, pronounced (ˈpiko ðel ˈtei̯ðe), ``Teide Peak '') is a volcano on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Spain. Its 3,718 - metre (12,198 ft) summit is the highest point in Spain and the highest point above sea level in the islands of the Atlantic.", "title": "Teide" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lars Christensen Peak, also known as Lars Christensentoppen, is the highest point at on Peter I Island, off the coast of Antarctica.", "title": "Lars Christensen Peak" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island.", "title": "Korovin Volcano" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush.", "title": "Iran" } ]	What is the highest point in the country where Kakira is located?	1,400 metres	[]	Title: Monte Solaro Passage: Monte Solaro is a mountain on the island of Capri in Campania, Italy. With an elevation of 589 m, its peak is the highest point of Capri. Title: Sweden Passage: At 449,964 km2 (173,732 sq mi), Sweden is the 55th-largest country in the world, the 4th-largest country entirely in Europe, and the largest in Northern Europe. The lowest elevation in Sweden is in the bay of Lake Hammarsjön, near Kristianstad, at −2.41 m (−7.91 ft) below sea level. The highest point is Kebnekaise at 2,111 m (6,926 ft) above sea level. Title: Korovin Volcano Passage: Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island. Title: Punta Marguareis Passage: The Punta Marguareis (It) or Pointe Marguareis (Fr) is a mountain in the Ligurian Alps, on the boundary between Italy and France; It is the highest peak of the Ligurian Alps. Title: Iran Passage: Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush. Title: Lars Christensen Peak Passage: Lars Christensen Peak, also known as Lars Christensentoppen, is the highest point at on Peter I Island, off the coast of Antarctica. Title: Monniaz Passage: Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points. Title: Mafadi Passage: Mafadi () is a peak on the border of South Africa and Lesotho. At a height of , it is the highest mountain in the nation of South Africa, but is lower than Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest peak in Lesotho which is, at , the highest point in Southern Africa. Mafadi lies at S 29 12 08.4 E 29 21 25.5 in the WGS84 format. Title: Nassacher Höhe Passage: Nassacher Höhe is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany. The highest point of the Hassberge. It is 512 m above NN. Title: Dalhousie Mountain Passage: Dalhousie Mountain is a Canadian peak in the Cobequid Mountains and the highest elevation point in Pictou County, Nova Scotia. Title: Thabana Ntlenyana Passage: Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means "Beautiful little mountain" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high. Title: List of National Basketball Association annual scoring leaders Passage: Wilt Chamberlain holds the all - time records for total points scored (4,029) and points per game (50.4) in a season; both records were achieved in the 1961 -- 62 season. He also holds the rookie records for points per game when he averaged 37.6 points in the 1959 -- 60 season. Among active players, Kevin Durant has the highest point total (2,593) and the highest scoring average (32.0) in a season; both were achieved in the 2013 -- 14 season. Title: Green-breasted pitta Passage: It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Gabon, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. In Uganda however, it occurs at altitudes between 1,100 and 1,400 metres. Title: Tennessee Passage: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro. Title: Kakira Passage: Kakira is a town in the Eastern Region of Uganda. It is the location of the International headquarters of the Madhvani Group. Title: Chemin des Révoires Passage: The Chemin des Révoires is a pathway within Les Révoires district of the Principality of Monaco. It is the highest point in Monaco. Title: Teide Passage: Mount Teide (Spanish: Pico del Teide, pronounced (ˈpiko ðel ˈtei̯ðe), ``Teide Peak '') is a volcano on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, Spain. Its 3,718 - metre (12,198 ft) summit is the highest point in Spain and the highest point above sea level in the islands of the Atlantic.	[ "Green-breasted pitta", "Kakira" ]
2hop__141877_472011	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You're So Vain ''is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972. The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts`` You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you.'' The title subject's identity has long been a matter of speculation, with Simon stating that the song refers to three men, only one of whom she has named publicly, actor Warren Beatty. The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard's Greatest Songs of All - Time. ``You're So Vain ''was voted # 216 in RIAA's Songs of the Century, and in August 2014, the UK's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s.", "title": "You're So Vain" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gramsh is a settlement in the Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. It was part of the former municipality Dajç. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Lezhë.", "title": "Gramsh, Lezhë" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Şonqar (also, Shongar and Zagyar) is a settlement in Baku, Azerbaijan. The settlement forms part of the municipality of Qızıldaş in Qaradağ raion.", "title": "Şonqar" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Podtabor () is a settlement in the southern part of the Municipality of Dobrepolje in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.", "title": "Podtabor, Dobrepolje" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album is a CD box set of rarities from XTC guitarist and frontman Andy Partridge. The box set brings together the eight previously released \"Fuzzy Warbles\" volumes, originally issued between 2002 and 2006, and includes an exclusive ninth disc entitled \"Hinges\". The large volume of material dates back to 1979.", "title": "The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bobovo pri Ponikvi is a settlement in the Municipality of Šentjur in eastern Slovenia. The railway line from Ljubljana to Maribor runs along the northern edge of the settlement's territory. The area is part of the historical Styria region. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.", "title": "Bobovo pri Ponikvi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Koman is a settlement in the former Temal municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Vau i Dejës. The Koman Hydroelectric Power Station has taken the name of the settlement.", "title": "Koman, Albania" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Beneath Your Beautiful ''is an R&B ballad written by Labrinth, Mike Posner and Emeli Sandé. It was recorded as a duet between Labrinth and Sandé for Labrinth's debut studio album Electronic Earth. The title of the song attracted attention from fans, some of whom questioned Labrinth about the spelling of the word`` Your'' within the song's title, believing that was a grammatical error and should have been spelt ``You're ''(although the song's lyrics clearly refer to it as a noun). Upon reaching number one, fans asked Labrinth via social networking website Twitter about the spelling. He replied`` Can I make something clear! this is twitter! Not an English GCSE haha I'll spell as BADLY as I wish awritemayte!... Oh is this about # Beneath'' YOUR ''Beautiful I love how crazy this has sent people.... It was to annoy English teachers and grammar Nazis.'' (sic) The song was nominated for the Brit Award for Best British Single at the 2013 BRIT Awards.", "title": "Beneath Your Beautiful" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The English Settlement School is a school building in Oakland, Oregon, in the United States. The building was constructed in 1910 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 2007.", "title": "English Settlement School" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"It's for You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney of the Beatles for Cilla Black for whom it was a UK Top Ten hit in 1964. The song is mainly a McCartney composition.", "title": "It's for You" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Katarija () is a settlement in the hills south of Moravče in central Slovenia. Traditionally the area was part of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Moravče in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. In addition to the main settlement, it includes the hamlets of Vrh Svetega Miklavža and Grmače.", "title": "Katarija" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Boletina () is a settlement to the east of Ponikva in the Municipality of Šentjur in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical Styria region. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. Close to the settlement is one of the rare habitats where the pasque flower grows in Slovenia.", "title": "Boletina" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dobrunje (; or \"Dobrouine\") is a formerly independent settlement in the southeast part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It was part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. In addition to the main settlement, Dobrunje consists of the hamlets of Devce (in the west along the road to Bizovik), Marinki (in the north along the main road to Litija), Na Trdnjavi (to the south, at the base of St. Ulrich’s Hill), Ob Cesti (to the east), and Pod Ježo (to the north, toward the Ljubljanica River). Rastučnik Creek, which begins below Orle, runs through the western part of the settlement before joining the Ljubljanica.", "title": "Dobrunje" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Blame It on the Boogie ''is a song originally released in 1978 by English singer - songwriter Mick Jackson, then The Jacksons, and later covered by numerous artists. The song was performed on Musikladen (January, 1979), Aplauso (February, 1979), Sonja Goed Nieuw's Show (2 February 1979) and ABBA Special: Disco in the Snow Part 1.", "title": "Blame It on the Boogie" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "English Settlement is the fifth studio album and first double album by the English band XTC, released 12 February 1982 on Virgin Records. It reached number 5 on the UK Album Chart for an 11-week stay, and number 48 on the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart for a 20-week stay.", "title": "English Settlement" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646.", "title": "Plymouth" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Part of Your World ''is a song written by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken for Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film The Little Mermaid (1989). Performed by American actress and singer Jodi Benson in the titular role as Ariel, a mermaid princess,`` Part of Your World'' is a power ballad in which the main character expresses her strong desire to become human; its lyrics use placeholder names in lieu of several human - related terms that would be unfamiliar to a mermaid. The film's theme song, ``Part of Your World ''is reprised by Ariel after she rescues Eric, a human prince with whom she has fallen in love, from drowning.", "title": "Part of Your World" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shëngjin Island (in Albanian Ishulli Shëngjin) is a settlement in the Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. It is part of the former municipality Shëngjin. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Lezhë.", "title": "Ishull Shëngjin" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the \"Lost Colony\" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song tells of ``Bennie and the Jets '', a fictional band of whom the song's narrator is a fan. The song is written in the key of G major. In interviews, Taupin has said that the song's lyrics are a satire on the music industry of the 1970s. The greed and glitz of the early 1970s music scene is portrayed by Taupin's words:", "title": "Bennie and the Jets" } ]	Who is part of the band that performed the song English Settlement?	Andy Partridge	[]	Title: You're So Vain Passage: ``You're So Vain ''is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972. The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts`` You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you.'' The title subject's identity has long been a matter of speculation, with Simon stating that the song refers to three men, only one of whom she has named publicly, actor Warren Beatty. The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard's Greatest Songs of All - Time. ``You're So Vain ''was voted # 216 in RIAA's Songs of the Century, and in August 2014, the UK's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s. Title: North Carolina Passage: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia). It was the second American territory which the English attempted to colonize. Raleigh established two colonies on the coast in the late 1580s, but both failed. The fate of the "Lost Colony" of Roanoke Island remains one of the most widely debated mysteries of American history. Virginia Dare, the first English child to be born in North America, was born on Roanoke Island on August 18, 1587; Dare County is named for her. Title: Ishull Shëngjin Passage: Shëngjin Island (in Albanian Ishulli Shëngjin) is a settlement in the Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. It is part of the former municipality Shëngjin. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Lezhë. Title: Dobrunje Passage: Dobrunje (; or "Dobrouine") is a formerly independent settlement in the southeast part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia. It belongs to the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It was part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. In addition to the main settlement, Dobrunje consists of the hamlets of Devce (in the west along the road to Bizovik), Marinki (in the north along the main road to Litija), Na Trdnjavi (to the south, at the base of St. Ulrich’s Hill), Ob Cesti (to the east), and Pod Ježo (to the north, toward the Ljubljanica River). Rastučnik Creek, which begins below Orle, runs through the western part of the settlement before joining the Ljubljanica. Title: Koman, Albania Passage: Koman is a settlement in the former Temal municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Vau i Dejës. The Koman Hydroelectric Power Station has taken the name of the settlement. Title: Bennie and the Jets Passage: The song tells of ``Bennie and the Jets '', a fictional band of whom the song's narrator is a fan. The song is written in the key of G major. In interviews, Taupin has said that the song's lyrics are a satire on the music industry of the 1970s. The greed and glitz of the early 1970s music scene is portrayed by Taupin's words: Title: It's for You Passage: "It's for You" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney of the Beatles for Cilla Black for whom it was a UK Top Ten hit in 1964. The song is mainly a McCartney composition. Title: Boletina Passage: Boletina () is a settlement to the east of Ponikva in the Municipality of Šentjur in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical Styria region. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region. Close to the settlement is one of the rare habitats where the pasque flower grows in Slovenia. Title: Katarija Passage: Katarija () is a settlement in the hills south of Moravče in central Slovenia. Traditionally the area was part of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the Municipality of Moravče in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. In addition to the main settlement, it includes the hamlets of Vrh Svetega Miklavža and Grmače. Title: English Settlement School Passage: The English Settlement School is a school building in Oakland, Oregon, in the United States. The building was constructed in 1910 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 2007. Title: Plymouth Passage: Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. Title: Part of Your World Passage: ``Part of Your World ''is a song written by lyricist Howard Ashman and composer Alan Menken for Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film The Little Mermaid (1989). Performed by American actress and singer Jodi Benson in the titular role as Ariel, a mermaid princess,`` Part of Your World'' is a power ballad in which the main character expresses her strong desire to become human; its lyrics use placeholder names in lieu of several human - related terms that would be unfamiliar to a mermaid. The film's theme song, ``Part of Your World ''is reprised by Ariel after she rescues Eric, a human prince with whom she has fallen in love, from drowning. Title: English Settlement Passage: English Settlement is the fifth studio album and first double album by the English band XTC, released 12 February 1982 on Virgin Records. It reached number 5 on the UK Album Chart for an 11-week stay, and number 48 on the "Billboard" 200 album chart for a 20-week stay. Title: The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album Passage: The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album is a CD box set of rarities from XTC guitarist and frontman Andy Partridge. The box set brings together the eight previously released "Fuzzy Warbles" volumes, originally issued between 2002 and 2006, and includes an exclusive ninth disc entitled "Hinges". The large volume of material dates back to 1979. Title: Gramsh, Lezhë Passage: Gramsh is a settlement in the Lezhë County, northwestern Albania. It was part of the former municipality Dajç. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Lezhë. Title: Şonqar Passage: Şonqar (also, Shongar and Zagyar) is a settlement in Baku, Azerbaijan. The settlement forms part of the municipality of Qızıldaş in Qaradağ raion. Title: Beneath Your Beautiful Passage: ``Beneath Your Beautiful ''is an R&B ballad written by Labrinth, Mike Posner and Emeli Sandé. It was recorded as a duet between Labrinth and Sandé for Labrinth's debut studio album Electronic Earth. The title of the song attracted attention from fans, some of whom questioned Labrinth about the spelling of the word`` Your'' within the song's title, believing that was a grammatical error and should have been spelt ``You're ''(although the song's lyrics clearly refer to it as a noun). Upon reaching number one, fans asked Labrinth via social networking website Twitter about the spelling. He replied`` Can I make something clear! this is twitter! Not an English GCSE haha I'll spell as BADLY as I wish awritemayte!... Oh is this about # Beneath'' YOUR ''Beautiful I love how crazy this has sent people.... It was to annoy English teachers and grammar Nazis.'' (sic) The song was nominated for the Brit Award for Best British Single at the 2013 BRIT Awards.	[ "The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album", "English Settlement" ]
2hop__460279_70763	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In November 2012, a referendum resulted in 54 percent of respondents voting to reject the current status under the territorial clause of the U.S. Constitution, while a second question resulted in 61 percent of voters identifying statehood as the preferred alternative to the current territorial status. The 2012 referendum was by far the most successful referendum for statehood advocates and support for statehood has risen in each successive popular referendum. However, more than one in four voters abstained from answering the question on the preferred alternative status. Statehood opponents have argued that the statehood option garnered only 45 percent of the votes if abstentions are included. If abstentions are considered, the result of the referendum is much closer to 44 percent for statehood, a number that falls under the 50 percent majority mark.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Paradise Now\" was the first Palestinian film to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. An earlier Palestinian film, \"Divine Intervention\" (2002), had controversially failed to gain admission to the competition, allegedly because films nominated for this award must be put forward by the government of their country, and Palestine's status as a sovereign state is disputed. However, since entities such as Puerto Rico, Hong Kong and Taiwan have been submitting entries for years although they are not sovereign states with full United Nations representation, accusations of a double standard were made.", "title": "Paradise Now" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, and do not pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. A 2012 referendum showed a majority (54% of those who voted) disagreed with ``the present form of territorial status ''. A second question asking about a new model, had full statehood the preferred option among those who voted for a change of status, although a significant number of people did not answer the second question of the referendum. A fifth referendum was held on June 11, 2017, with`` Statehood'' and ``Independence / Free Association ''initially as the only available choices. At the recommendation of the Department of Justice, an option for the`` current territorial status'' was added. The referendum showed an overwhelming support for statehood, with 97.18% voting for it, although the voter turnout had a historically low figure of only 22.99% of the registered voters casting their ballots.", "title": "Puerto Rico" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Feyenoord Academy, often referred to as Varkenoord, is the youth academy of the professional football club Feyenoord located in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The Feyenoord Academy received the official regional youth academy status from the KNVB and is located at Sportcomplex Varkenoord.", "title": "Feyenoord Academy (Varkenoord)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1817 elected delegates wrote a constitution and applied to Congress for statehood. On Dec. 10, 1817, the western portion of Mississippi Territory became the State of Mississippi, the 20th state of the Union. Natchez, long established as a major river port, was the first state capital. As more population came into the state and future growth was anticipated, in 1822 the capital was moved to the more central location of Jackson.", "title": "History of Mississippi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Thamber is a village of Barara tehsil in Ambala district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is situated on the border of Yamunanagar and is more than 600 years old. It is the second largest village of Haryana and has a population of nearly 72,00; it is also one of the largest Rajputs village consists of agni kul Chauhan Rajputs migrated from Neemrana near Ajmer of Rajasthan State. The village's more than 42,00 votes play an important role in assembly elections as this village is considered influential in affecting district politics and have capacity for polarisation of votes during National and State assembly elections.However inner location of village and its ill connectivity by road mars it overall progress and development. Lately, people of this village has started migrating to urban cities for betterment in education and quality life of future generations.", "title": "Thamber" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Statehood for Alaska was an important cause of James Wickersham early in his tenure as a congressional delegate. Decades later, the statehood movement gained its first real momentum following a territorial referendum in 1946. The Alaska Statehood Committee and Alaska's Constitutional Convention would soon follow. Statehood supporters also found themselves fighting major battles against political foes, mostly in the U.S. Congress but also within Alaska. Statehood was approved by Congress on July 7, 1958. Alaska was officially proclaimed a state on January 3, 1959.", "title": "Alaska" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Subsequently, Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws) and pro-slavery southerners in the lightly populated \"Cow Counties\" of southern California attempted three times in the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California. The last attempt, the Pico Act of 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller. It was approved overwhelmingly by nearly 75% of voters in the proposed Territory of Colorado. This territory was to include all the counties up to the then much larger Tulare County (that included what is now Kings, most of Kern, and part of Inyo counties) and San Luis Obispo County. The proposal was sent to Washington, D.C. with a strong advocate in Senator Milton Latham. However, the secession crisis following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 led to the proposal never coming to a vote.", "title": "Southern California" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President James K. Polk signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from the Indians, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government.", "title": "Iowa" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the statehood of Puerto Rico, in light of its win in the referendum. Fortuño urged him to move the process forward. García Padilla asked him to reject the results because of their ambiguity. The White House stance related to the November 2012 plebiscite was that the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved, and a majority chose statehood in the second question. Former White House director of Hispanic media stated, \"Now it is time for Congress to act and the administration will work with them on that effort, so that the people of Puerto Rico can determine their own future.\"", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The movement to create a territory within the present boundaries of Colorado followed nearly immediately. Citizens of Denver and Golden pushed for territorial status of the newly settled region within a year of the founding of the towns. The movement was promoted by William Byers, publisher of the Rocky Mountain News, and by Larimer, who aspired to be the first territorial governor. In 1859, settlers established the Territory of Jefferson, and held elections, but the United States Congress did not recognize the territory, and it never gained legal status.", "title": "Colorado Territory" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Territory of Utah Organized incorporated territory of the United States ← 1850 -- 1896 → → → → → Territorial coat of arms (1876) The Utah Territory upon its creation. Modern state boundaries are shown for reference. Capital Fillmore (1851 -- 1856) Salt Lake City Government Organized incorporated territory Governor 1851 -- 1858 Brigham Young 1893 -- 1896 Caleb Walton West Legislature Utah Territorial Assembly History State of Deseret 1849 Utah Organic Act September 9, 1850 Colorado Territory formed February 28, 1861 Nevada Territory formed March 2, 1861 Wyoming Territory formed July 25, 1868 Statehood January 4, 1896", "title": "Utah Territory" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Haryana (IPA: (ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː)), (Urdu: ہریانہ ‎), is one of the 29 states in India, situated in North India. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis. It stands 21st in terms of its area, which is spread about 44,212 km (17,070 sq mi). As of 2011 census of India, the state is eighteenth largest by population with 25,353,081 inhabitants. The city of Chandigarh is its capital while the National Capital Region city of Faridabad is the most populous city of the state and the city of Gurugram is financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it.", "title": "Haryana" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of \"free association\" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated \"Compact Impact\" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]", "title": "Guam" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Congress passed the Second Organic Act in 1912, Alaska was reorganized, and renamed the Territory of Alaska. By 1916, its population was about 58,000. James Wickersham, a Delegate to Congress, introduced Alaska's first statehood bill, but it failed due to the small population and lack of interest from Alaskans. Even President Warren G. Harding's visit in 1923 could not create widespread interest in statehood. Under the conditions of the Second Organic Act, Alaska had been split into four divisions. The most populous of the divisions, whose capital was Juneau, wondered if it could become a separate state from the other three. Government control was a primary concern, with the territory having 52 federal agencies governing it.", "title": "History of Alaska" } ]	When was full statehood status received by the area where Thamber is located?	1 November 1966	[]	Title: Colorado Territory Passage: The movement to create a territory within the present boundaries of Colorado followed nearly immediately. Citizens of Denver and Golden pushed for territorial status of the newly settled region within a year of the founding of the towns. The movement was promoted by William Byers, publisher of the Rocky Mountain News, and by Larimer, who aspired to be the first territorial governor. In 1859, settlers established the Territory of Jefferson, and held elections, but the United States Congress did not recognize the territory, and it never gained legal status. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Southern California Passage: Subsequently, Californios (dissatisfied with inequitable taxes and land laws) and pro-slavery southerners in the lightly populated "Cow Counties" of southern California attempted three times in the 1850s to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California. The last attempt, the Pico Act of 1859, was passed by the California State Legislature and signed by the State governor John B. Weller. It was approved overwhelmingly by nearly 75% of voters in the proposed Territory of Colorado. This territory was to include all the counties up to the then much larger Tulare County (that included what is now Kings, most of Kern, and part of Inyo counties) and San Luis Obispo County. The proposal was sent to Washington, D.C. with a strong advocate in Senator Milton Latham. However, the secession crisis following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860 led to the proposal never coming to a vote. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Alaska Passage: Statehood for Alaska was an important cause of James Wickersham early in his tenure as a congressional delegate. Decades later, the statehood movement gained its first real momentum following a territorial referendum in 1946. The Alaska Statehood Committee and Alaska's Constitutional Convention would soon follow. Statehood supporters also found themselves fighting major battles against political foes, mostly in the U.S. Congress but also within Alaska. Statehood was approved by Congress on July 7, 1958. Alaska was officially proclaimed a state on January 3, 1959. Title: Guam Passage: The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of "free association" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated "Compact Impact" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed] Title: 51st state Passage: Puerto Rico has been discussed as a potential 51st state of the United States. In a 2012 status referendum a majority of voters, 54%, expressed dissatisfaction with the current political relationship. In a separate question, 61% of voters supported statehood (excluding the 26% of voters who left this question blank). On December 11, 2012, Puerto Rico's legislature resolved to request that the President and the U.S. Congress act on the results, end the current form of territorial status and begin the process of admitting Puerto Rico to the Union as a state. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: 51st state Passage: Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the statehood of Puerto Rico, in light of its win in the referendum. Fortuño urged him to move the process forward. García Padilla asked him to reject the results because of their ambiguity. The White House stance related to the November 2012 plebiscite was that the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved, and a majority chose statehood in the second question. Former White House director of Hispanic media stated, "Now it is time for Congress to act and the administration will work with them on that effort, so that the people of Puerto Rico can determine their own future." Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Puerto Ricans are by law citizens of the United States and may move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress, which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S. territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national level and do not vote for president and vice president of the United States, and do not pay federal income tax on Puerto Rican income. Like other territories and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens on the territory to elect a governor. A 2012 referendum showed a majority (54% of those who voted) disagreed with ``the present form of territorial status ''. A second question asking about a new model, had full statehood the preferred option among those who voted for a change of status, although a significant number of people did not answer the second question of the referendum. A fifth referendum was held on June 11, 2017, with`` Statehood'' and ``Independence / Free Association ''initially as the only available choices. At the recommendation of the Department of Justice, an option for the`` current territorial status'' was added. The referendum showed an overwhelming support for statehood, with 97.18% voting for it, although the voter turnout had a historically low figure of only 22.99% of the registered voters casting their ballots. Title: Thamber Passage: Thamber is a village of Barara tehsil in Ambala district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is situated on the border of Yamunanagar and is more than 600 years old. It is the second largest village of Haryana and has a population of nearly 72,00; it is also one of the largest Rajputs village consists of agni kul Chauhan Rajputs migrated from Neemrana near Ajmer of Rajasthan State. The village's more than 42,00 votes play an important role in assembly elections as this village is considered influential in affecting district politics and have capacity for polarisation of votes during National and State assembly elections.However inner location of village and its ill connectivity by road mars it overall progress and development. Lately, people of this village has started migrating to urban cities for betterment in education and quality life of future generations. Title: History of Mississippi Passage: In 1817 elected delegates wrote a constitution and applied to Congress for statehood. On Dec. 10, 1817, the western portion of Mississippi Territory became the State of Mississippi, the 20th state of the Union. Natchez, long established as a major river port, was the first state capital. As more population came into the state and future growth was anticipated, in 1822 the capital was moved to the more central location of Jackson. Title: Haryana Passage: Haryana (IPA: (ɦərɪˈjaːɳaː)), (Urdu: ہریانہ ‎), is one of the 29 states in India, situated in North India. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis. It stands 21st in terms of its area, which is spread about 44,212 km (17,070 sq mi). As of 2011 census of India, the state is eighteenth largest by population with 25,353,081 inhabitants. The city of Chandigarh is its capital while the National Capital Region city of Faridabad is the most populous city of the state and the city of Gurugram is financial hub of NCR with major Fortune 500 companies located in it. Title: Utah Territory Passage: Territory of Utah Organized incorporated territory of the United States ← 1850 -- 1896 → → → → → Territorial coat of arms (1876) The Utah Territory upon its creation. Modern state boundaries are shown for reference. Capital Fillmore (1851 -- 1856) Salt Lake City Government Organized incorporated territory Governor 1851 -- 1858 Brigham Young 1893 -- 1896 Caleb Walton West Legislature Utah Territorial Assembly History State of Deseret 1849 Utah Organic Act September 9, 1850 Colorado Territory formed February 28, 1861 Nevada Territory formed March 2, 1861 Wyoming Territory formed July 25, 1868 Statehood January 4, 1896 Title: Iowa Passage: Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President James K. Polk signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from the Indians, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government. Title: Paradise Now Passage: "Paradise Now" was the first Palestinian film to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. An earlier Palestinian film, "Divine Intervention" (2002), had controversially failed to gain admission to the competition, allegedly because films nominated for this award must be put forward by the government of their country, and Palestine's status as a sovereign state is disputed. However, since entities such as Puerto Rico, Hong Kong and Taiwan have been submitting entries for years although they are not sovereign states with full United Nations representation, accusations of a double standard were made.	[ "Thamber", "Haryana" ]
2hop__57665_80761	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hydrophis platurus, commonly known as the yellow - bellied sea snake, yellowbelly sea snake or pelagic sea snake, is a species of snake from the subfamily Hydrophiinae (the sea snakes) found in tropical oceanic waters around the world, excluding the Atlantic Ocean. It was the only member of the genus Pelamis but recent molecular evidence suggests that it is more closely related to the species of the genus Hydrophis.", "title": "Yellow-bellied sea snake" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ten or eleven species of reptiles occur in Great Britain: four snakes and three lizards, which were established at the time of the last ice age. Additionally, Britain has a number of introduced species which have become naturalized in their new environments.", "title": "List of reptiles of Great Britain" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the common European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wildcats, most shrews, moles, water voles, roe deer and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the Kerry slug and certain species of wood lice native to Ireland but not Great Britain.", "title": "British Isles" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tentacled snake or tentacle snake (Erpeton tentaculatum), is a rear-fanged aquatic snake native to South-East Asia. It is the only species of its genus, Erpeton, and the two tentacles on its snout are a unique feature among snakes. The method it uses to catch fish has recently been a subject of research.", "title": "Tentacled snake" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The basic annelid form consists of multiple segments. Each segment has the same sets of organs and, in most polychaetes, has a pair of parapodia that many species use for locomotion. Septa separate the segments of many species, but are poorly defined or absent in others, and Echiura and Sipuncula show no obvious signs of segmentation. In species with well-developed septa, the blood circulates entirely within blood vessels, and the vessels in segments near the front ends of these species are often built up with muscles that act as hearts. The septa of such species also enable them to change the shapes of individual segments, which facilitates movement by peristalsis (\"ripples\" that pass along the body) or by undulations that improve the effectiveness of the parapodia. In species with incomplete septa or none, the blood circulates through the main body cavity without any kind of pump, and there is a wide range of locomotory techniques – some burrowing species turn their pharynges inside out to drag themselves through the sediment.", "title": "Annelid" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fast food versions have gained popularity more recently. McDonald's apple pies were introduced on the menu in 1968, but in 1992 they were phased out in favor of a baked pie (claimed to be healthier) in the United States. There are some McDonald's restaurants throughout the US and world which still offer the fried pies, including all McDonald's restaurants in the United Kingdom, Japan, and Russia. Flavors include cherry and apple (US mainland), taro (Hawaii), and green bean or red bean (China). The Burger King chain also offers fried pies on its menu, in apple and ``wild berry ''flavors. Whataburger and Popeyes also offer fried pies.", "title": "Fried pie" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santula() is a vegetable dish from the state of Odisha in eastern India. It can be either fried (Bhaja Santula) or boiled (Sijha Santula). Ingredients include potatoes, brinjal, papaya, and tomato, which are first boiled together, then fried in oil with diced onion, panch phoran, and green chillies.", "title": "Santula" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lycodon striatus, commonly known as the northern wolf snake or the barred wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake from southern Asia.", "title": "Lycodon striatus" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many crops first domesticated by indigenous Americans are now produced and used globally. Chief among these is maize or \"corn\", arguably the most important crop in the world. Other significant crops include cassava, chia, squash (pumpkins, zucchini, marrow, acorn squash, butternut squash), the pinto bean, Phaseolus beans including most common beans, tepary beans and lima beans, tomatoes, potatoes, avocados, peanuts, cocoa beans (used to make chocolate), vanilla, strawberries, pineapples, Peppers (species and varieties of Capsicum, including bell peppers, jalapeños, paprika and chili peppers) sunflower seeds, rubber, brazilwood, chicle, tobacco, coca, manioc and some species of cotton.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is a North American species of rat snake that subdues its small prey by constriction. It is found throughout the southeastern and central United States. Their docile nature, reluctance to bite, moderate adult size, attractive pattern, and comparatively simple care make them popular pet snakes. Though superficially resembling the venomous copperhead and often killed as a result of this mistaken identity, corn snakes are harmless and beneficial to humans. Corn snakes lack functional venom and help control populations of wild rodent pests that damage crops and spread disease.", "title": "Corn snake" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog.", "title": "Weeks Creek" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The U.S. state of Alabama is home to 93 indigenous reptile species, not including subspecies. Indigenous species include one species of crocodilian, 12 lizard species, 49 snake species, and 31 turtle species. Three native species have possibly been extirpated from the state. These include the eastern indigo snake, southern hognose snake and the mimic glass lizard.", "title": "List of reptiles of Alabama" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Penn State Abington is a commonwealth campus of the Pennsylvania State University and it is located in Abington, Pennsylvania. The campus is set on of wooded land and includes a duck pond, wooded trails, and many species of hardwood trees, The roughly 4000 undergraduate students (full-time and part-time students combined) are taught by a full-time staff of over 150 professors and teaching assistants.", "title": "Penn State Abington" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crocker's sea snake (\"Laticauda crockeri\" ) is a species of venomous snake in the subfamily Hydrophiinae. The species \"L. crockeri\" is found in Oceania.", "title": "Crocker's sea snake" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Differences from other spitting cobras were realized in the 1960s, but N. ashei was initially regarded by most merely as a brown - coloured form of the black - necked spitting cobra (N. nigricollis). Thus, N. ashei was only classified as a distinct species in 2007, by Wolfgang Wüster (Bangor University, Wales) and Donald Broadley (Biodiversity Foundation for Africa). Royjan Taylor (Director of the Bio-Ken Snake Farm in Watamu, Kenya) was instrumental in providing specimens, among them the holotype. The specific epithet honors the late James Ashe, who founded the Bio-Ken Snake Farm and was one of the first experts to suggest N. ashei was a new species.", "title": "Naja ashei" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix) is a species of garter snake native to most of the central United States as far north as Canada and as far south as Texas. It has a distinctive orange or yellow stripe from its head to tail, and the rest of its body is mainly a gray - green color. The snake is commonly found living near water sources such as streams and ponds, but can also be found in urban areas and vacant lots. Although the IUCN lists the species as ``Least Concern '', some states have given it their own special status. This species is mildly venomous, although the venom is not toxic to humans.", "title": "Plains garter snake" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried. It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States. Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so - named because the cooking method is similar to that of pan-fried chicken breast cutlets.", "title": "Chicken fried steak" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The London Natural History Society suggest that London is \"one of the World's Greenest Cities\" with more than 40 percent green space or open water. They indicate that 2000 species of flowering plant have been found growing there and that the tidal Thames supports 120 species of fish. They also state that over 60 species of bird nest in central London and that their members have recorded 47 species of butterfly, 1173 moths and more than 270 kinds of spider around London. London's wetland areas support nationally important populations of many water birds. London has 38 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), two National Nature Reserves and 76 Local Nature Reserves.", "title": "London" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Evelyn Couch, a timid, unhappy housewife in her forties, meets elderly Ninny Threadgoode in an Anderson, Alabama, nursing home. Over several encounters with Evelyn, Ninny tells her the story of the now abandoned town of Whistle Stop, and the people who lived there. The film's subplot concerns Evelyn's dissatisfaction with her marriage, her life, her growing confidence, and her developing friendship with Ninny. The narrative switches several times between Ninny's story, which is set between World War I and World War II, and Evelyn's life in 1980s Birmingham.", "title": "Fried Green Tomatoes" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vegetation of the state includes lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine; Douglas fir, larch, spruce; aspen, birch, red cedar, hemlock, ash, alder; rocky mountain maple and cottonwood trees. Forests cover approximately 25 percent of the state. Flowers native to Montana include asters, bitterroots, daisies, lupins, poppies, primroses, columbine, lilies, orchids, and dryads. Several species of sagebrush and cactus and many species of grasses are common. Many species of mushrooms and lichens are also found in the state.", "title": "Montana" } ]	How many species of snakes are there in the state where Fried Green Tomatoes is set?	49	[]	Title: London Passage: The London Natural History Society suggest that London is "one of the World's Greenest Cities" with more than 40 percent green space or open water. They indicate that 2000 species of flowering plant have been found growing there and that the tidal Thames supports 120 species of fish. They also state that over 60 species of bird nest in central London and that their members have recorded 47 species of butterfly, 1173 moths and more than 270 kinds of spider around London. London's wetland areas support nationally important populations of many water birds. London has 38 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs), two National Nature Reserves and 76 Local Nature Reserves. Title: Lycodon striatus Passage: Lycodon striatus, commonly known as the northern wolf snake or the barred wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake from southern Asia. Title: Plains garter snake Passage: The Plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix) is a species of garter snake native to most of the central United States as far north as Canada and as far south as Texas. It has a distinctive orange or yellow stripe from its head to tail, and the rest of its body is mainly a gray - green color. The snake is commonly found living near water sources such as streams and ponds, but can also be found in urban areas and vacant lots. Although the IUCN lists the species as ``Least Concern '', some states have given it their own special status. This species is mildly venomous, although the venom is not toxic to humans. Title: Santula Passage: Santula() is a vegetable dish from the state of Odisha in eastern India. It can be either fried (Bhaja Santula) or boiled (Sijha Santula). Ingredients include potatoes, brinjal, papaya, and tomato, which are first boiled together, then fried in oil with diced onion, panch phoran, and green chillies. Title: Tentacled snake Passage: The tentacled snake or tentacle snake (Erpeton tentaculatum), is a rear-fanged aquatic snake native to South-East Asia. It is the only species of its genus, Erpeton, and the two tentacles on its snout are a unique feature among snakes. The method it uses to catch fish has recently been a subject of research. Title: Yellow-bellied sea snake Passage: Hydrophis platurus, commonly known as the yellow - bellied sea snake, yellowbelly sea snake or pelagic sea snake, is a species of snake from the subfamily Hydrophiinae (the sea snakes) found in tropical oceanic waters around the world, excluding the Atlantic Ocean. It was the only member of the genus Pelamis but recent molecular evidence suggests that it is more closely related to the species of the genus Hydrophis. Title: Weeks Creek Passage: Weeks Creek is a small creek tributary to La Honda Creek, which in turn is tributary to San Gregorio Creek in western San Mateo County, California. San Gregorio Creek drains to the Pacific Ocean at San Gregorio State Beach. The San Gregorio Creek watershed supports several species listed under the federal and State of California Endangered Species Acts. These species include—coho salmon (endangered), steelhead (threatened), Tidewater Goby, San Francisco Garter Snake, and California Red-legged frog. Title: Chicken fried steak Passage: Chicken fried steak (similar to country fried steak) is an American breaded cutlet dish consisting of a piece of beefsteak (tenderized cube steak) coated with seasoned flour and pan-fried. It is sometimes associated with the Southern cuisine of the United States. Despite the name, the dish contains no chicken, but is so - named because the cooking method is similar to that of pan-fried chicken breast cutlets. Title: Fried Green Tomatoes Passage: Evelyn Couch, a timid, unhappy housewife in her forties, meets elderly Ninny Threadgoode in an Anderson, Alabama, nursing home. Over several encounters with Evelyn, Ninny tells her the story of the now abandoned town of Whistle Stop, and the people who lived there. The film's subplot concerns Evelyn's dissatisfaction with her marriage, her life, her growing confidence, and her developing friendship with Ninny. The narrative switches several times between Ninny's story, which is set between World War I and World War II, and Evelyn's life in 1980s Birmingham. Title: Penn State Abington Passage: Penn State Abington is a commonwealth campus of the Pennsylvania State University and it is located in Abington, Pennsylvania. The campus is set on of wooded land and includes a duck pond, wooded trails, and many species of hardwood trees, The roughly 4000 undergraduate students (full-time and part-time students combined) are taught by a full-time staff of over 150 professors and teaching assistants. Title: List of reptiles of Alabama Passage: The U.S. state of Alabama is home to 93 indigenous reptile species, not including subspecies. Indigenous species include one species of crocodilian, 12 lizard species, 49 snake species, and 31 turtle species. Three native species have possibly been extirpated from the state. These include the eastern indigo snake, southern hognose snake and the mimic glass lizard. Title: Fried pie Passage: Fast food versions have gained popularity more recently. McDonald's apple pies were introduced on the menu in 1968, but in 1992 they were phased out in favor of a baked pie (claimed to be healthier) in the United States. There are some McDonald's restaurants throughout the US and world which still offer the fried pies, including all McDonald's restaurants in the United Kingdom, Japan, and Russia. Flavors include cherry and apple (US mainland), taro (Hawaii), and green bean or red bean (China). The Burger King chain also offers fried pies on its menu, in apple and ``wild berry ''flavors. Whataburger and Popeyes also offer fried pies. Title: British Isles Passage: Few species of reptiles or amphibians are found in Great Britain or Ireland. Only three snakes are native to Great Britain: the common European adder, the grass snake and the smooth snake; none are native to Ireland. In general, Great Britain has slightly more variation and native wild life, with weasels, polecats, wildcats, most shrews, moles, water voles, roe deer and common toads also being absent from Ireland. This pattern is also true for birds and insects. Notable exceptions include the Kerry slug and certain species of wood lice native to Ireland but not Great Britain. Title: Montana Passage: Vegetation of the state includes lodgepole pine, ponderosa pine; Douglas fir, larch, spruce; aspen, birch, red cedar, hemlock, ash, alder; rocky mountain maple and cottonwood trees. Forests cover approximately 25 percent of the state. Flowers native to Montana include asters, bitterroots, daisies, lupins, poppies, primroses, columbine, lilies, orchids, and dryads. Several species of sagebrush and cactus and many species of grasses are common. Many species of mushrooms and lichens are also found in the state. Title: Naja ashei Passage: Differences from other spitting cobras were realized in the 1960s, but N. ashei was initially regarded by most merely as a brown - coloured form of the black - necked spitting cobra (N. nigricollis). Thus, N. ashei was only classified as a distinct species in 2007, by Wolfgang Wüster (Bangor University, Wales) and Donald Broadley (Biodiversity Foundation for Africa). Royjan Taylor (Director of the Bio-Ken Snake Farm in Watamu, Kenya) was instrumental in providing specimens, among them the holotype. The specific epithet honors the late James Ashe, who founded the Bio-Ken Snake Farm and was one of the first experts to suggest N. ashei was a new species. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: Many crops first domesticated by indigenous Americans are now produced and used globally. Chief among these is maize or "corn", arguably the most important crop in the world. Other significant crops include cassava, chia, squash (pumpkins, zucchini, marrow, acorn squash, butternut squash), the pinto bean, Phaseolus beans including most common beans, tepary beans and lima beans, tomatoes, potatoes, avocados, peanuts, cocoa beans (used to make chocolate), vanilla, strawberries, pineapples, Peppers (species and varieties of Capsicum, including bell peppers, jalapeños, paprika and chili peppers) sunflower seeds, rubber, brazilwood, chicle, tobacco, coca, manioc and some species of cotton. Title: Corn snake Passage: The corn snake (Pantherophis guttatus) is a North American species of rat snake that subdues its small prey by constriction. It is found throughout the southeastern and central United States. Their docile nature, reluctance to bite, moderate adult size, attractive pattern, and comparatively simple care make them popular pet snakes. Though superficially resembling the venomous copperhead and often killed as a result of this mistaken identity, corn snakes are harmless and beneficial to humans. Corn snakes lack functional venom and help control populations of wild rodent pests that damage crops and spread disease.	[ "List of reptiles of Alabama", "Fried Green Tomatoes" ]
2hop__819523_3089	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Krystian Klecha (born 30 September 1984 in Kościan, Poland) is a Polish speedway rider and a former Team U-21 World Champion. He has been riding since 2001.", "title": "Krystian Klecha" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The German submarine \"U-626\" was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's \"Kriegsmarine\" during World War II. The ship was built by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg, and commissioned in May 1942. After six months of basic training she was assigned to the 6th U-boat Flotilla. \"U-626\" sailed from Bergen in December 1942 on her first operational voyage. She was sunk seven days later by a single depth charge from USCGC \"Ingham\". The crew of the cutter were unaware of their kill, which was not credited until the war was over.", "title": "German submarine U-626" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rich Brooks was the first coach for the team in St. Louis. After struggling to win, Brooks was fired and replaced by former Philadelphia Eagles head coach, Dick Vermeil. Vermeil went on to win the Super Bowl XXXIV in 1999. His offensive coordinator, Mike Martz, took over after Vermeil retired for the second time. Mike Martz has the best winning percentages in St. Louis Rams history. Since Martz's firing the Rams have had Joe Vitt coach interim, Scott Linehan was his successor and replaced by Jim Haslett once he, himself, was terminated in the early part of the 2008 season. The franchise's most recent current head coach was Jeff Fisher, who had gone 27 -- 36 -- 1 as head coach through four seasons was fired on December 12, 2016. The team's current head coach is Sean McVay, who is the youngest head coach in NFL history.", "title": "List of Los Angeles Rams head coaches" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" is a 1968 song written and recorded by Buck Owens. \"How Long Will My Baby Be Gone\" was the last of eight number ones on the country chart in a row for Buck Owens. The single spent a single week at number one and a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. The song is still performed at the Country Bear Jamboree attraction at certain Disney parks.", "title": "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Diego Symphony at Symphony Towers performs on a regular basis and is directed by Jahja Ling. The San Diego Opera at Civic Center Plaza, directed by Ian Campbell, was ranked by Opera America as one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States. Old Globe Theatre at Balboa Park produces about 15 plays and musicals annually. The La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD is directed by Christopher Ashley. Both the Old Globe Theatre and the La Jolla Playhouse have produced the world premieres of plays and musicals that have gone on to win Tony Awards or nominations on Broadway. The Joan B. Kroc Theatre at Kroc Center's Performing Arts Center is a 600-seat state-of-the-art theatre that hosts music, dance, and theatre performances. The San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres in Horton Plaza produces a variety of plays and musicals. Hundreds of movies and a dozen TV shows have been filmed in San Diego, a tradition going back as far as 1898.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``U Ca n't Touch This ''is a song co-written, produced and performed by MC Hammer from his 1990 album Please Hammer, Do n't Hurt 'Em. The track is considered to be Hammer's signature song and is his most successful single.", "title": "U Can't Touch This" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "' (\"God goes up with jubilation\" or \"God has gone up with a shout\"), ', is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Leipzig for the Feast of the Ascension and first performed it on 30 May 1726. It begins with a quotation from Psalm 47.", "title": "Gott fähret auf mit Jauchzen, BWV 43" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Novak Djokovic claimed his fourth Wimbledon title, defeating Anderson in the final 6 -- 2, 6 -- 2, 7 -- 6. The win moved him to 13 grand slam titles, and outright fourth place on the all time men's singles grand slam wins list, passing Roy Emerson. The win was also Djokovic's first title on the ATP tour for over 12 months, his last win coming at Eastbourne on July 1, 2017.", "title": "2018 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The NFA Under-18 team is made up of promising Singaporean players under the age of 18 and serves as a feeder squad mainly to the Young Lions as well as other clubs in the S.League. The FAS enters both the NFA Blues U-17 and NFA Reds U-18 teams in the Prime League, the official reserve league of the S.League to allow their players to gain more exposure and match experience by playing against older and more established players. The NFA U-15 and U-16 teams also participate in the annual Lion City Cup organised by the FAS since 2011.", "title": "National Football Academy (Singapore)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The team won the maiden edition of FIFA U-17 World Cup in 1985 at China, the 1985 Edition tournament was sponsored by Kodak (when it was known as the U-16 tournament), 1993, 2007, 2013, and 2015 (Becoming only the second team since Brazil to win it back to back); making them the first team ever to win the junior world cup five times. They also won the African Under - 17 Championship in 2001 and 2007, and were runners - up in 1995.", "title": "Nigeria national under-17 football team" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Since You Been Gone ''is a rock song written by former Argent guitarist Russ Ballard, and first released on his 1976 album, Winning. It was produced by Roger Glover.", "title": "Since You Been Gone" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the penultimate scene of the production, one of the dancers has suffered a career - ending injury. The remaining dancers, gathered together onstage, are asked what they would do if they are told they can no longer dance. Diana Morales, in reply, sings this anthem, which considers loss philosophically, with an undefeated optimism; all the dancers concur. Whatever happens, they will be free of regret. What they did in their careers, they did for love, and their talent, no matter how great, was only theirs ``to borrow '', was to be only temporary and would someday be gone. But the love of performing is never gone. They are all pointed toward tomorrow.", "title": "What I Did for Love (A Chorus Line)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joan Tower (born September 6, 1938) is a Grammy-winning contemporary American composer, concert pianist and conductor. Lauded by \"The New Yorker\" as \"one of the most successful woman composers of all time\", her bold and energetic compositions have been performed in concert halls around the world. After gaining recognition for her first orchestral composition, \"Sequoia\" (1981), a tone poem which structurally depicts a giant tree from trunk to needles, she has gone on to compose a variety of instrumental works including \"Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman\", which is something of a response to Aaron Copland's \"Fanfare for the Common Man\", the \"Island Prelude\", five string quartets, and an assortment of other tone poems. Tower was pianist and founding member of the Naumburg Award-winning Da Capo Chamber Players, which commissioned and premiered many of her early works, including her widely performed \"Petroushskates\".", "title": "Joan Tower" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a unique opportunity for the winning artist (s) to capitalise on their success and surrounding publicity by launching or furthering their international career during their singing years. However, throughout the history of the contest, relatively few of these artists have gone on to be huge international stars. The most notable winning Eurovision artists whose career was directly launched into the spotlight following their win were the members of ABBA, who won the 1974 contest for Sweden with their song ``Waterloo ''. ABBA went on to be one of the most successful bands of its time. Another notable winner who subsequently achieved international fame and success was Céline Dion, who won the 1988 contest for Switzerland with the song`` Ne partez pas sans moi''.", "title": "List of Eurovision Song Contest winners" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Since U Been Gone\" is a song recorded by American singer Kelly Clarkson from her second studio album, \"Breakaway\" (2004). The song, which was written and produced by Max Martin and Lukasz \"Dr. Luke\" Gottwald, was released as the lead single from \"Breakaway\" two weeks before the album was released. It is an uptempo pop rock and power pop power ballad that infuses electronic sound with a mixture of soft and loud alternative rock sound. Martin originally wrote \"Since U Been Gone\" with Pink in mind but she turned it down. It was then given to Hilary Duff but she rejected the song because she could not reach its higher notes. The song was finally given to Clarkson after Clive Davis convinced the writers to give it to her. Clarkson decided to add heavier guitars and harder drums to the song after noticing that the demo had an obvious pop sound. Lyrically, the song is written from a woman's point of view where she expresses her sense of relief with the end of her troubled relationship.", "title": "Since U Been Gone" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is one of the prizes awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the outstanding discovery, Contribution and achievement in the field of medicine and Human Physiology. The award frequently precedes a Nobel Prize in Medicine: almost 50% of the winners have gone on to win one.", "title": "Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Teatro Carignano (Carignano Theatre) is a theatre in Turin and one of the oldest and most important theatres in Italy. Designed by Benedetto Alfieri, it is located opposite the Palazzo Carignano. Building commenced in 1752 and the theatre was inaugurated the following year with a performance of Baldassare Galuppi's opera, \"Calamità de' cuori\". Much of the theatre was destroyed in a fire in 1786, but it was rebuilt in a few months using Alfieri's original plans. Since then it has undergone several renovations. Although today it is primarily used for performances of plays, in the past it was an important opera house. The theatre is owned by the City of Turin but administered by the theatre company, Teatro Stabile di Torino, and is one of the company's principal performing venues.", "title": "Teatro Carignano" } ]	In which month did the performer of Since U Been Gone win?	September	[]	Title: List of Los Angeles Rams head coaches Passage: Rich Brooks was the first coach for the team in St. Louis. After struggling to win, Brooks was fired and replaced by former Philadelphia Eagles head coach, Dick Vermeil. Vermeil went on to win the Super Bowl XXXIV in 1999. His offensive coordinator, Mike Martz, took over after Vermeil retired for the second time. Mike Martz has the best winning percentages in St. Louis Rams history. Since Martz's firing the Rams have had Joe Vitt coach interim, Scott Linehan was his successor and replaced by Jim Haslett once he, himself, was terminated in the early part of the 2008 season. The franchise's most recent current head coach was Jeff Fisher, who had gone 27 -- 36 -- 1 as head coach through four seasons was fired on December 12, 2016. The team's current head coach is Sean McVay, who is the youngest head coach in NFL history. Title: Gott fähret auf mit Jauchzen, BWV 43 Passage: ' ("God goes up with jubilation" or "God has gone up with a shout"), ', is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Leipzig for the Feast of the Ascension and first performed it on 30 May 1726. It begins with a quotation from Psalm 47. Title: American Idol Passage: The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's "Natural Woman", and Betty Hutton's "Stuff Like That There", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002. Title: What I Did for Love (A Chorus Line) Passage: In the penultimate scene of the production, one of the dancers has suffered a career - ending injury. The remaining dancers, gathered together onstage, are asked what they would do if they are told they can no longer dance. Diana Morales, in reply, sings this anthem, which considers loss philosophically, with an undefeated optimism; all the dancers concur. Whatever happens, they will be free of regret. What they did in their careers, they did for love, and their talent, no matter how great, was only theirs ``to borrow '', was to be only temporary and would someday be gone. But the love of performing is never gone. They are all pointed toward tomorrow. Title: Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research Passage: The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is one of the prizes awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the outstanding discovery, Contribution and achievement in the field of medicine and Human Physiology. The award frequently precedes a Nobel Prize in Medicine: almost 50% of the winners have gone on to win one. Title: Krystian Klecha Passage: Krystian Klecha (born 30 September 1984 in Kościan, Poland) is a Polish speedway rider and a former Team U-21 World Champion. He has been riding since 2001. Title: List of Eurovision Song Contest winners Passage: Winning the Eurovision Song Contest provides a unique opportunity for the winning artist (s) to capitalise on their success and surrounding publicity by launching or furthering their international career during their singing years. However, throughout the history of the contest, relatively few of these artists have gone on to be huge international stars. The most notable winning Eurovision artists whose career was directly launched into the spotlight following their win were the members of ABBA, who won the 1974 contest for Sweden with their song ``Waterloo ''. ABBA went on to be one of the most successful bands of its time. Another notable winner who subsequently achieved international fame and success was Céline Dion, who won the 1988 contest for Switzerland with the song`` Ne partez pas sans moi''. Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and 2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014, when Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. This qualified them for the 2014 FA Community Shield where they would play Premier League champions Manchester City. They recorded a resounding 3–0 win in the game, winning their second trophy in three months. Nine months after their Community Shield triumph, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second year in a row, thrashing Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles. On 2 August 2015, Arsenal beat Chelsea 1–0 at Wembley Stadium to retain the Community Shield and earn their 14th Community Shield title. Title: Since U Been Gone Passage: "Since U Been Gone" is a song recorded by American singer Kelly Clarkson from her second studio album, "Breakaway" (2004). The song, which was written and produced by Max Martin and Lukasz "Dr. Luke" Gottwald, was released as the lead single from "Breakaway" two weeks before the album was released. It is an uptempo pop rock and power pop power ballad that infuses electronic sound with a mixture of soft and loud alternative rock sound. Martin originally wrote "Since U Been Gone" with Pink in mind but she turned it down. It was then given to Hilary Duff but she rejected the song because she could not reach its higher notes. The song was finally given to Clarkson after Clive Davis convinced the writers to give it to her. Clarkson decided to add heavier guitars and harder drums to the song after noticing that the demo had an obvious pop sound. Lyrically, the song is written from a woman's point of view where she expresses her sense of relief with the end of her troubled relationship. Title: U Can't Touch This Passage: ``U Ca n't Touch This ''is a song co-written, produced and performed by MC Hammer from his 1990 album Please Hammer, Do n't Hurt 'Em. The track is considered to be Hammer's signature song and is his most successful single. Title: 2018 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles Passage: Novak Djokovic claimed his fourth Wimbledon title, defeating Anderson in the final 6 -- 2, 6 -- 2, 7 -- 6. The win moved him to 13 grand slam titles, and outright fourth place on the all time men's singles grand slam wins list, passing Roy Emerson. The win was also Djokovic's first title on the ATP tour for over 12 months, his last win coming at Eastbourne on July 1, 2017. Title: Teatro Carignano Passage: The Teatro Carignano (Carignano Theatre) is a theatre in Turin and one of the oldest and most important theatres in Italy. Designed by Benedetto Alfieri, it is located opposite the Palazzo Carignano. Building commenced in 1752 and the theatre was inaugurated the following year with a performance of Baldassare Galuppi's opera, "Calamità de' cuori". Much of the theatre was destroyed in a fire in 1786, but it was rebuilt in a few months using Alfieri's original plans. Since then it has undergone several renovations. Although today it is primarily used for performances of plays, in the past it was an important opera house. The theatre is owned by the City of Turin but administered by the theatre company, Teatro Stabile di Torino, and is one of the company's principal performing venues. Title: How Long Will My Baby Be Gone Passage: "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" is a 1968 song written and recorded by Buck Owens. "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" was the last of eight number ones on the country chart in a row for Buck Owens. The single spent a single week at number one and a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. The song is still performed at the Country Bear Jamboree attraction at certain Disney parks. Title: Joan Tower Passage: Joan Tower (born September 6, 1938) is a Grammy-winning contemporary American composer, concert pianist and conductor. Lauded by "The New Yorker" as "one of the most successful woman composers of all time", her bold and energetic compositions have been performed in concert halls around the world. After gaining recognition for her first orchestral composition, "Sequoia" (1981), a tone poem which structurally depicts a giant tree from trunk to needles, she has gone on to compose a variety of instrumental works including "Fanfare for the Uncommon Woman", which is something of a response to Aaron Copland's "Fanfare for the Common Man", the "Island Prelude", five string quartets, and an assortment of other tone poems. Tower was pianist and founding member of the Naumburg Award-winning Da Capo Chamber Players, which commissioned and premiered many of her early works, including her widely performed "Petroushskates". Title: National Football Academy (Singapore) Passage: The NFA Under-18 team is made up of promising Singaporean players under the age of 18 and serves as a feeder squad mainly to the Young Lions as well as other clubs in the S.League. The FAS enters both the NFA Blues U-17 and NFA Reds U-18 teams in the Prime League, the official reserve league of the S.League to allow their players to gain more exposure and match experience by playing against older and more established players. The NFA U-15 and U-16 teams also participate in the annual Lion City Cup organised by the FAS since 2011. Title: San Diego Passage: The San Diego Symphony at Symphony Towers performs on a regular basis and is directed by Jahja Ling. The San Diego Opera at Civic Center Plaza, directed by Ian Campbell, was ranked by Opera America as one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States. Old Globe Theatre at Balboa Park produces about 15 plays and musicals annually. The La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD is directed by Christopher Ashley. Both the Old Globe Theatre and the La Jolla Playhouse have produced the world premieres of plays and musicals that have gone on to win Tony Awards or nominations on Broadway. The Joan B. Kroc Theatre at Kroc Center's Performing Arts Center is a 600-seat state-of-the-art theatre that hosts music, dance, and theatre performances. The San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres in Horton Plaza produces a variety of plays and musicals. Hundreds of movies and a dozen TV shows have been filmed in San Diego, a tradition going back as far as 1898. Title: Since You Been Gone Passage: ``Since You Been Gone ''is a rock song written by former Argent guitarist Russ Ballard, and first released on his 1976 album, Winning. It was produced by Roger Glover.	[ "Since U Been Gone", "American Idol" ]
2hop__143563_69931	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fikret Karabudak Stadium, is a football stadium located in the city/town of Kırıkkale in Turkey, Europe. Fikret Karabudak Stadium has a maximum stadium capacity of 5402 spectators. MKE Kırıkkalespor are the main occupants of the stadium. MKE Kırıkkalespor plays their domestic home football fixtures at Fikret Karabudak Stadium.", "title": "Fikret Karabudak Stadium" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cowboy Rides Away: Live from AT&T Stadium is a live album released by George Strait in 2014. The title refers to the fact that this concert was the final performance of his final tour \"The Cowboy Rides Away Tour\" on June 7, 2014 in Arlington, Texas. 104,793 people were in attendance, the largest ever single-show attendance at a U.S. stadium. An all-star lineup joined Strait on stage. The DVD of the concert was released on November 11. The show was recorded on Remote Recording's Silver Truck by Chuck Ainlay and David Hewitt.", "title": "The Cowboy Rides Away: Live from AT&T Stadium" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Sarcheshmeh, Kerman, Iran. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium was built in 2010 and has a capacity of 15,000 people. Mes Sarcheshmeh F.C. play their games at the stadium.", "title": "Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Beatles at Shea Stadium is a fifty - minute - long documentary of the Beatles' 15 August 1965, concert at Shea Stadium in New York City, the highlight of the group's 1965 tour. The documentary was produced by Ed Sullivan (under his Sullivan Productions banner), NEMS Enterprises (which owns the 1965 copyright), and the Beatles company Subafilms. The project, placed under the direction of manager of production operations M. Clay Adams, was filmed by a large crew led by cinematographer Andrew Laszlo. Fourteen cameras were used to capture the euphoria and mass hysteria that was Beatlemania in America in 1965. The documentary first aired on BBC1 on 1 March 1966. In West Germany, it aired on 2 August that year. It aired in the United States on ABC on 10 January 1967.", "title": "The Beatles at Shea Stadium" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richard Thomas Shea, Jr. (January 3, 1927 – July 8, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army in the Korean War. He was listed as missing in action on July 8, 1953 during the Second Battle of Pork Chop Hill, and was later declared killed in action. Lt. Shea received the Medal of Honor posthumously. In 1987, Shea was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.", "title": "Richard Thomas Shea" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Streetlife Serenade is the third studio album by American recording artist Billy Joel, released on October 11, 1974 by Columbia Records. The follow-up to his previous album \"Piano Man\" (1973), it was his last release until 1993's \"River of Dreams\" to be mostly recorded with session musicians, while Joel himself sang and played piano and other keyboards, although some of his backing musicians, guitarists Don Evans and Al Hertzberg, and banjo/pedal steel guitarist Tom Whitehorse played on the album. Joel also featured synthesizers for the first time, namely the Moog synthesizer.", "title": "Streetlife Serenade" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise did not proceed further with the series due to a lack of sales for the single, and a lack of general interest in the concept. Guitarist & vocalist Leon Redbone released a promotional 78 rpm record in 1978 featuring two songs (Alabama Jubilee and Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone) from his Champagne Charlie album. In 1980 Stiff Records in the United Kingdom issued a 78 by Joe \"King\" Carrasco containing the songs Buena (Spanish for \"good,\" with the alternate spelling \"Bueno\" on the label) and Tuff Enuff. Underground comic cartoonist and 78 rpm record collector Robert Crumb released three discs with his Cheap Suit Serenaders in the 1980s.", "title": "Phonograph record" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Fiddlin' Buckaroo is a 1933 American Western film directed by Ken Maynard and written by Nate Gatzert. The film stars Ken Maynard, Gloria Shea, Fred Kohler, Frank Rice, Jack Rockwell and Joseph W. Girard. The film was released on July 20, 1933, by Universal Pictures.", "title": "The Fiddlin' Buckaroo" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert is a CD and DVD music compilation of songs performed by American singer / songwriter Billy Joel during two concerts at Shea Stadium in New York City on July 16 and 18 of 2008. It was released on March 8, 2011. The film was produced by Jon Small, Joel's former bandmate in the 1960s groups The Hassles and Attila.", "title": "Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mark Feldstein (May 3, 1937 – October 2001), was an American artist and photographer best known for his large format photography of the streetlife and architecture of New York City.", "title": "Mark Feldstein" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wu-Tang Forever is the second studio album of American hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan, released June 3, 1997, on Loud/RCA Records in the United States. Pressed as a double album, it was released after a long run of successful solo projects from various members of the group, and serves as the follow-up to their debut album \"Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)\". \"Forever\" features several guest appearances from Wu-Tang affiliates Cappadonna, Streetlife, 4th Disciple, True Master, and Tekitha. The original run of compact discs featured an \"Enhanced CD\" which allowed users to walk around the \"Wu Mansion\" and access additional content.", "title": "Wu-Tang Forever" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At Yankee Stadium is the sixth studio album from NRBQ (New Rhythm and Blues Quartet), released in 1978 on Mercury Records. In keeping with the band's sense of humor, the album's title is a joke; the album credits read \"Recorded at Bearsville Studios, November 1977 (not at Yankee Stadium)\". The packaging includes photographs of the band members in an otherwise empty Yankee Stadium; these were taken as a birthday treat for bass player and founding band member Joey Spampinato, when his bandmates arranged a private visit to the ballpark. Spampinato, a Bronx native, is a lifelong Yankees fan.", "title": "At Yankee Stadium" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Azul (Blue) is the fourth album by Argentine rock band Los Piojos, recorded at Del Cielito Records studio and released in 1998. This work mixes candombe and murga with the traditional rhythms used by the band and was presented live in Parque Sarmiento and at the All Boys stadium.", "title": "Azul (Los Piojos album)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Soil Stradivarius (pronounced ) of 1714 is an antique violin made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737). A product of Stradivari’s golden period, it is considered one of his finest. \"The Soil\" was acquired by Yehudi Menuhin in 1950, and in 1986 by Itzhak Perlman who played this instrument while recording the \"Cinema Serenade\" with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra in 1997. The Soil Stradivarius is currently owned and played by Itzhak Perlman.", "title": "Soil Stradivarius" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was performed by the character Tom in the 1946 Tom and Jerry cartoon short Solid Serenade (actual performance by Ira ``Buck ''Woods).", "title": "Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Think I'm in Love with You ''is a song written and produced by Cory Rooney and Dan Shea for Jessica Simpson's debut album Sweet Kisses (1999). It contains a sample of singer - songwriter John Mellencamp's`` Jack & Diane'' (1982) and was released as the album's third and final single in summer 2000 (see 2000 in music). The song's protagonist declares ``Boy I think that I'm in love with you, got me doin 'silly things when it comes to you ''. The single reached at top ten in Australia, Canada and Japan and in the top 20 in Canada, the UK, Scotland and New Zealand. In the United States, it reached # 21.", "title": "I Think I'm in Love with You" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The John Gilmary Shea Prize is an annual award given by the American Catholic Historical Association for the most original and distinguished contribution to knowledge of the history of the Catholic Church. Established in 1945, it is named in honor of the nineteenth century Catholic historian John Gilmary Shea.", "title": "John Gilmary Shea Prize" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Longfellow Serenade\" is the title of a 1974 song by the American singer-songwriter Neil Diamond. It was written by Diamond, produced by Tom Catalano, and included on Diamond's album \"Serenade\".", "title": "Longfellow Serenade" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One of baseball's first expansion teams, the Mets were founded in 1962 to replace New York's departed NL teams, the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants. The Mets' colors are composed of the Dodgers' blue and the Giants' orange, which also form the outer two bands of the New York City flag. During the 1962 and 1963 seasons, the Mets played their home games at the Polo Grounds. From 1964 to 2008, the Mets' home ballpark was Shea Stadium. In 2009, they moved into their current ballpark, Citi Field.", "title": "New York Mets" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Death & Legacy is the third full-length studio album by symphonic metal band Serenity released on February 25, 2011 through Napalm Records. \"Death & Legacy\" is a concept album based on people and events of the past that had a historical impact, including the Crusades, Galileo, and Marco Polo. The album's three singles are \"The Chevalier,\" \"Serenade of Flames,\" and \"When Canvas Starts To Burn.\"", "title": "Death & Legacy" } ]	When did the artist of the Streetlife Serenade album play at Shea Stadium?	July 16 and 18 of 2008	[]	Title: Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium Passage: Mes Sarcheshmeh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Sarcheshmeh, Kerman, Iran. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium was built in 2010 and has a capacity of 15,000 people. Mes Sarcheshmeh F.C. play their games at the stadium. Title: The Fiddlin' Buckaroo Passage: The Fiddlin' Buckaroo is a 1933 American Western film directed by Ken Maynard and written by Nate Gatzert. The film stars Ken Maynard, Gloria Shea, Fred Kohler, Frank Rice, Jack Rockwell and Joseph W. Girard. The film was released on July 20, 1933, by Universal Pictures. Title: Azul (Los Piojos album) Passage: Azul (Blue) is the fourth album by Argentine rock band Los Piojos, recorded at Del Cielito Records studio and released in 1998. This work mixes candombe and murga with the traditional rhythms used by the band and was presented live in Parque Sarmiento and at the All Boys stadium. Title: Streetlife Serenade Passage: Streetlife Serenade is the third studio album by American recording artist Billy Joel, released on October 11, 1974 by Columbia Records. The follow-up to his previous album "Piano Man" (1973), it was his last release until 1993's "River of Dreams" to be mostly recorded with session musicians, while Joel himself sang and played piano and other keyboards, although some of his backing musicians, guitarists Don Evans and Al Hertzberg, and banjo/pedal steel guitarist Tom Whitehorse played on the album. Joel also featured synthesizers for the first time, namely the Moog synthesizer. Title: I Think I'm in Love with You Passage: ``I Think I'm in Love with You ''is a song written and produced by Cory Rooney and Dan Shea for Jessica Simpson's debut album Sweet Kisses (1999). It contains a sample of singer - songwriter John Mellencamp's`` Jack & Diane'' (1982) and was released as the album's third and final single in summer 2000 (see 2000 in music). The song's protagonist declares ``Boy I think that I'm in love with you, got me doin 'silly things when it comes to you ''. The single reached at top ten in Australia, Canada and Japan and in the top 20 in Canada, the UK, Scotland and New Zealand. In the United States, it reached # 21. Title: Longfellow Serenade Passage: "Longfellow Serenade" is the title of a 1974 song by the American singer-songwriter Neil Diamond. It was written by Diamond, produced by Tom Catalano, and included on Diamond's album "Serenade". Title: Wu-Tang Forever Passage: Wu-Tang Forever is the second studio album of American hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan, released June 3, 1997, on Loud/RCA Records in the United States. Pressed as a double album, it was released after a long run of successful solo projects from various members of the group, and serves as the follow-up to their debut album "Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)". "Forever" features several guest appearances from Wu-Tang affiliates Cappadonna, Streetlife, 4th Disciple, True Master, and Tekitha. The original run of compact discs featured an "Enhanced CD" which allowed users to walk around the "Wu Mansion" and access additional content. Title: Mark Feldstein Passage: Mark Feldstein (May 3, 1937 – October 2001), was an American artist and photographer best known for his large format photography of the streetlife and architecture of New York City. Title: Phonograph record Passage: In 1968, Reprise planned to release a series of 78 rpm singles from their artists on their label at the time, called the Reprise Speed Series. Only one disc actually saw release, Randy Newman's I Think It's Going to Rain Today, a track from his self-titled debut album (with The Beehive State on the flipside). Reprise did not proceed further with the series due to a lack of sales for the single, and a lack of general interest in the concept. Guitarist & vocalist Leon Redbone released a promotional 78 rpm record in 1978 featuring two songs (Alabama Jubilee and Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone) from his Champagne Charlie album. In 1980 Stiff Records in the United Kingdom issued a 78 by Joe "King" Carrasco containing the songs Buena (Spanish for "good," with the alternate spelling "Bueno" on the label) and Tuff Enuff. Underground comic cartoonist and 78 rpm record collector Robert Crumb released three discs with his Cheap Suit Serenaders in the 1980s. Title: Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby Passage: The song was performed by the character Tom in the 1946 Tom and Jerry cartoon short Solid Serenade (actual performance by Ira ``Buck ''Woods). Title: Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert Passage: Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert is a CD and DVD music compilation of songs performed by American singer / songwriter Billy Joel during two concerts at Shea Stadium in New York City on July 16 and 18 of 2008. It was released on March 8, 2011. The film was produced by Jon Small, Joel's former bandmate in the 1960s groups The Hassles and Attila. Title: The Cowboy Rides Away: Live from AT&T Stadium Passage: The Cowboy Rides Away: Live from AT&T Stadium is a live album released by George Strait in 2014. The title refers to the fact that this concert was the final performance of his final tour "The Cowboy Rides Away Tour" on June 7, 2014 in Arlington, Texas. 104,793 people were in attendance, the largest ever single-show attendance at a U.S. stadium. An all-star lineup joined Strait on stage. The DVD of the concert was released on November 11. The show was recorded on Remote Recording's Silver Truck by Chuck Ainlay and David Hewitt. Title: Fikret Karabudak Stadium Passage: Fikret Karabudak Stadium, is a football stadium located in the city/town of Kırıkkale in Turkey, Europe. Fikret Karabudak Stadium has a maximum stadium capacity of 5402 spectators. MKE Kırıkkalespor are the main occupants of the stadium. MKE Kırıkkalespor plays their domestic home football fixtures at Fikret Karabudak Stadium. Title: Death & Legacy Passage: Death & Legacy is the third full-length studio album by symphonic metal band Serenity released on February 25, 2011 through Napalm Records. "Death & Legacy" is a concept album based on people and events of the past that had a historical impact, including the Crusades, Galileo, and Marco Polo. The album's three singles are "The Chevalier," "Serenade of Flames," and "When Canvas Starts To Burn." Title: John Gilmary Shea Prize Passage: The John Gilmary Shea Prize is an annual award given by the American Catholic Historical Association for the most original and distinguished contribution to knowledge of the history of the Catholic Church. Established in 1945, it is named in honor of the nineteenth century Catholic historian John Gilmary Shea. Title: New York Mets Passage: One of baseball's first expansion teams, the Mets were founded in 1962 to replace New York's departed NL teams, the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants. The Mets' colors are composed of the Dodgers' blue and the Giants' orange, which also form the outer two bands of the New York City flag. During the 1962 and 1963 seasons, the Mets played their home games at the Polo Grounds. From 1964 to 2008, the Mets' home ballpark was Shea Stadium. In 2009, they moved into their current ballpark, Citi Field. Title: The Beatles at Shea Stadium Passage: The Beatles at Shea Stadium is a fifty - minute - long documentary of the Beatles' 15 August 1965, concert at Shea Stadium in New York City, the highlight of the group's 1965 tour. The documentary was produced by Ed Sullivan (under his Sullivan Productions banner), NEMS Enterprises (which owns the 1965 copyright), and the Beatles company Subafilms. The project, placed under the direction of manager of production operations M. Clay Adams, was filmed by a large crew led by cinematographer Andrew Laszlo. Fourteen cameras were used to capture the euphoria and mass hysteria that was Beatlemania in America in 1965. The documentary first aired on BBC1 on 1 March 1966. In West Germany, it aired on 2 August that year. It aired in the United States on ABC on 10 January 1967.	[ "Streetlife Serenade", "Live at Shea Stadium: The Concert" ]
2hop__135148_622675	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.", "title": "Southern Europe" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Householder is a 1960 English language novel by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. It is about a young man named Prem who has recently moved from the first stage of his life, a student, to the second stage of his life, a householder. The book is a bildungsroman, which is a story where the protagonist develops mind and character as he passes from childhood (innocence) through various experiences usually through a spiritual crisis into maturity.", "title": "The Householder (novel)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.", "title": "Nicaraguan Sign Language" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long.", "title": "Numero sign" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gonja language is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba.", "title": "Gonja language" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The only official language of the Falkland Islands is English, and this is spoken by almost everyone on a day-to-day basis. Spanish is spoken by 10% of the population, a significant minority. Most of the Spanish speakers are immigrants, foreign workers, and expats, predominantly from Chile and Argentina.", "title": "Languages of the Falkland Islands" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.", "title": "Languages of Mexico" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wood Frisian (West Frisian: \"Wâldfrysk\") is a dialect of the West Frisian language spoken in the eastern part of the Dutch province of Friesland, which is called \"Wâlden\" (English: \"woods\"). The dialect is also spoken in parts of Groningen, the province to the east of Friesland.", "title": "Wood Frisian" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jèrriais is the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, one of the Channel Islands off the coast of France. It has been in decline over the past century as English has increasingly become the language of education, commerce and administration. There are very few people who speak Jèrriais as a mother tongue and, owing to the age of the remaining speakers, their numbers decrease annually. Despite this, efforts are being made to keep the language alive.", "title": "Jèrriais" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Renana Jhabvala was born in Delhi to the Booker Prize winning novelist and screen-writer, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, and well-known architect Cyrus S. H. Jhabvala. Her grandparents were active in public life during the early to mid part of the twentieth century. Her grandfather, Shavaksha Jhabvala, was active in the early Indian trade union movement, and her grandmother, Mehraben Jhabvala, in the emerging women's movement. In a February 2012 talk given at the India International Centre (Delhi), Renana spoke about the work of Mehraben, who was a dedicated organiser and advocate of women and the President of the All-India Women's Conference from 1965–68.", "title": "Renana Jhabvala" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic.", "title": "Ancient Egypt" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.", "title": "Languages of South America" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Odia is the official language along with English as center state communication. Odia is spoken as a native language by 82.7% of the population according to 2011 census. Other minority languages of the state are Hindi, Telugu, Santali, Kui, Urdu, Bengali and Ho.", "title": "Odisha" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 2010[update], 79.12% (1,112,441) of Philadelphia residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 9.72% (136,688) spoke Spanish, 1.64% (23,075) Chinese, 0.89% (12,499) Vietnamese, 0.77% (10,885) Russian, 0.66% (9,240) French, 0.61% (8,639) other Asian languages, 0.58% (8,217) African languages, 0.56% (7,933) Cambodian (Mon-Khmer), and Italian was spoken as a main language by 0.55% (7,773) of the population over the age of five. In total, 20.88% (293,544) of Philadelphia's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English.", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithuanian (Lithuanian: lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200 thousand abroad.", "title": "Lithuanian language" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.", "title": "Dialect" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "title": "Togo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, and is widely spoken by most of population. Brazilian Sign Language is also an official language. Minority languages include indigenous languages and languages of more recent European and Asian immigrants. The population speaks or signs approximately 210 languages, of which 180 are indigenous. Less than forty thousand people actually speak any one of the indigenous languages in the Brazilian territory.", "title": "Languages of Brazil" } ]	What language was used by Renana Jhabvala's mother?	English language	[ "en", "English", "eng" ]	Title: Southern Europe Passage: The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain. Title: Dialect Passage: Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin. Title: Jèrriais Passage: Jèrriais is the form of the Norman language spoken in Jersey, one of the Channel Islands off the coast of France. It has been in decline over the past century as English has increasingly become the language of education, commerce and administration. There are very few people who speak Jèrriais as a mother tongue and, owing to the age of the remaining speakers, their numbers decrease annually. Despite this, efforts are being made to keep the language alive. Title: Wood Frisian Passage: Wood Frisian (West Frisian: "Wâldfrysk") is a dialect of the West Frisian language spoken in the eastern part of the Dutch province of Friesland, which is called "Wâlden" (English: "woods"). The dialect is also spoken in parts of Groningen, the province to the east of Friesland. Title: Languages of Brazil Passage: Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, and is widely spoken by most of population. Brazilian Sign Language is also an official language. Minority languages include indigenous languages and languages of more recent European and Asian immigrants. The population speaks or signs approximately 210 languages, of which 180 are indigenous. Less than forty thousand people actually speak any one of the indigenous languages in the Brazilian territory. Title: Nicaraguan Sign Language Passage: In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words. Title: Philadelphia Passage: As of 2010[update], 79.12% (1,112,441) of Philadelphia residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 9.72% (136,688) spoke Spanish, 1.64% (23,075) Chinese, 0.89% (12,499) Vietnamese, 0.77% (10,885) Russian, 0.66% (9,240) French, 0.61% (8,639) other Asian languages, 0.58% (8,217) African languages, 0.56% (7,933) Cambodian (Mon-Khmer), and Italian was spoken as a main language by 0.55% (7,773) of the population over the age of five. In total, 20.88% (293,544) of Philadelphia's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English. Title: The Householder (novel) Passage: The Householder is a 1960 English language novel by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. It is about a young man named Prem who has recently moved from the first stage of his life, a student, to the second stage of his life, a householder. The book is a bildungsroman, which is a story where the protagonist develops mind and character as he passes from childhood (innocence) through various experiences usually through a spiritual crisis into maturity. Title: Languages of Sierra Leone Passage: Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries. Title: Odisha Passage: Odia is the official language along with English as center state communication. Odia is spoken as a native language by 82.7% of the population according to 2011 census. Other minority languages of the state are Hindi, Telugu, Santali, Kui, Urdu, Bengali and Ho. Title: Renana Jhabvala Passage: Renana Jhabvala was born in Delhi to the Booker Prize winning novelist and screen-writer, Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, and well-known architect Cyrus S. H. Jhabvala. Her grandparents were active in public life during the early to mid part of the twentieth century. Her grandfather, Shavaksha Jhabvala, was active in the early Indian trade union movement, and her grandmother, Mehraben Jhabvala, in the emerging women's movement. In a February 2012 talk given at the India International Centre (Delhi), Renana spoke about the work of Mehraben, who was a dedicated organiser and advocate of women and the President of the All-India Women's Conference from 1965–68. Title: Languages of the Falkland Islands Passage: The only official language of the Falkland Islands is English, and this is spoken by almost everyone on a day-to-day basis. Spanish is spoken by 10% of the population, a significant minority. Most of the Spanish speakers are immigrants, foreign workers, and expats, predominantly from Chile and Argentina. Title: Gonja language Passage: The Gonja language is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba. Title: Ancient Egypt Passage: The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic. Title: Ottoman Empire Passage: Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites. Title: Lithuanian language Passage: Lithuanian (Lithuanian: lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200 thousand abroad. Title: Languages of South America Passage: Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.	[ "The Householder (novel)", "Renana Jhabvala" ]
2hop__863105_3430	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Talang, formerly named Talang Sverige (; English: \"Talent Sweden\") in 2014, is the Swedish version of the \"Got Talent\" series show where singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts and other performers compete against each other for audience support and the prize money (1 million SEK in 2007 and since 2014; 500,000 SEK between 2008–2011). The show was broadcast for five seasons on TV4, between 2007–2011, before TV4 put the show on indefinite hiatus. Two years later, on 19 June 2013, TV3 announced that they had acquired the rights for the show and would re-launch the show in spring 2014 under the name \"Talang Sverige\". After 4 years, in 2017, TV4 acquired the rights for the show once again and re-launched the show under the name \"Talang\", without the year behind.", "title": "Talang (Swedish TV series)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.", "title": "Steven Spielberg" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kounotori 5 was successfully launched with a H-IIB carrier rocket flying from pad 2 of the Yoshinobu Launch Complex at Tanegashima at 11:50:49 UTC on 19 August 2015. Communication and three-axis attitude controls were established shortly after the launch. Phase Maneuver was performed by 19:25 UTC on August 20, and the first Height Adjustment Maneuver by 17:55 UTC on August 22. The second and third Height Adjustment Maneuver were performed by 03:07 and 06:12 UTC on August 24, respectively.", "title": "Kounotori 5" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ang Bagong Kampeon () was a nationally televised amateur singing contest that aired on Radio Philippines Network (Solar TV) in the Philippines. It was hosted by Bert Marcelo and Pilita Corrales. The television show has launched the careers of several successful singers, notably, Regine Velasquez and Donna Cruz.", "title": "Ang Bagong Kampeon" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In May 2017, Megan launched her own restaurant ``MCK Grill ''in Woodford Green. In September 2017 she starred in her own show on ITVBe, There's Something About Megan, which sees her flying to Nashville to attempt a country music career.", "title": "Megan McKenna" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "7 is the eighth studio album by Swedish singer Sanna Nielsen, released in Sweden on 30 June 2014 by Warner Music. It was preceded by the lead single \"Undo \" on 23 February 2014. The album debuted at number one in Sweden.", "title": "7 (Sanna Nielsen album)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Akademi Fantasia (commonly abbreviated as AF) is Malaysia's first reality television show in which a number of contestants called students compete for the winning title and a chance to start their career in the entertainment industry. The first season premiered on 3 June 2003 and was one of Astro Ria's highest rated shows. The theme song entitled \"Menuju Puncak\" was performed by Juwita Suwito, who is the sister of the composer, Aubrey Suwito.", "title": "Akademi Fantasia" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cigarettes & Coffee is a 1993 short film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, starring Philip Baker Hall. It tells the story of five people connected through a twenty-dollar bill. The film helped launch the career of Anderson and was used as a basis for his first feature film, \"Hard Eight\" (1996).", "title": "Cigarettes & Coffee" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction. Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "title": "Amazing Stories" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Los Serrano is a Spanish television drama comedy which premiered on 22 April 2003 and aired on Telecinco. It tells the story of the Serrano family, who lives in Round Santa Justa No 133, located in the fictional neighborhood of Santa Justa, in the Ribera del Manzanares, in Madrid. The success of the series in Spain and in several other countries in Europe and elsewhere helped launch the career of several young actors and actresses, especially actor and musician Fran Perea, who acts in the series and sings its theme song, \"1 más 1 son 7\".", "title": "Los Serrano" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bobby Lounge (born Dub Brock, 1950) is an American singer-songwriter from McComb, Mississippi, United States. Lounge began playing for house parties while attending Louisiana Tech University in northern Louisiana in the mid 1970s. In the 1980s, Lounge played a handful of shows at Ruby's Roadhouse in Mandeville, Louisiana. He stopped playing professionally for many years while he battled Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. He launched a comeback from a short lived career when he appeared on stage at the 2005 New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival, Tipitina's, and the New Orleans House of Blues. That performance was enthusiastically received and subsequently glowing reviews appeared in \"Rolling Stone\", \"The New York Times\", \"Living Blues\", \"Blues Review\", \"Down Beat\", \"USA Today\" and other magazines and newspapers.", "title": "Bobby Lounge" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2009, wanting to learn about effective activism, Swartz helped launch the Progressive Change Campaign Committee. He wrote on his blog, \"I spend my days experimenting with new ways to get progressive policies enacted and progressive politicians elected.\" Swartz led the first activism event of his career with the Progressive Change Campaign Committee, delivering thousands of \"Honor Kennedy\" petition signatures to Massachusetts legislators asking them to fulfill former Senator Ted Kennedy's last wish by appointing a senator to vote for health care reform.", "title": "Aaron Swartz" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On August 17, 2017, Bieber released the single ``Friends ''with American record producer and songwriter BloodPop. Songwriters Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter reunited with Bieber to construct the song, just as they helped create his single`` Sorry'' in 2015 on his studio album Purpose. Bieber did not attend the 2018 Grammy Awards Show to perform the nominated song ``Despacito '', claiming that he would not make any award show appearances until his next album was finished.", "title": "Justin Bieber" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Jonathan Winters. \"The Garry Moore Show\" garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins.", "title": "The Garry Moore Show" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paper Bullets is a 1941 American film directed by Phil Rosen and starring Joan Woodbury. It was the first film produced by the King Brothers, launching their career.", "title": "Paper Bullets" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "TDRS-11 was launched at 01:48 UTC on 31 January 2013, at the beginning of a 40-minute launch window. United Launch Alliance performed the launch using an Atlas V carrier rocket, tail number AV-036, flying in the 401 configuration. Liftoff occurred from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and the rocket placed its payload into a geostationary transfer orbit.", "title": "TDRS-11" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The series had its original run from July 1, 1992 to January 1, 1997. Simmons was inspired to make Def Comedy Jam by Jerry Lewis' movie The Nutty Professor. The show returned on HBO's fall lineup in 2006. Def Comedy Jam helped to launch the careers of several African - American stand - up comedians.", "title": "Def Comedy Jam" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Viva La Bam is an American reality television series that starred Bam Margera and his friends and family. The show was a spin-off from MTV's \"Jackass\", in which Margera and most of the main cast had appeared. Each episode had a specific theme, mission, or challenge which was normally accomplished by performing pranks, skateboarding, and enlisting the help of friends, relations and experts. Although partly improvised, the show was supported by a greater degree of planning and organization.", "title": "Viva La Bam" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Undo It\" is a song written by Carrie Underwood, Kara DioGuardi, Marti Frederiksen, and Luke Laird. It was made available to digital retailers on October 27, 2009, and was released as an official single on May 24, 2010. The song is the third single from Underwood's third studio album, \"Play On\".", "title": "Undo It" } ]	What show helped launched the career of the Undo It performer?	American Idol	[]	Title: Viva La Bam Passage: Viva La Bam is an American reality television series that starred Bam Margera and his friends and family. The show was a spin-off from MTV's "Jackass", in which Margera and most of the main cast had appeared. Each episode had a specific theme, mission, or challenge which was normally accomplished by performing pranks, skateboarding, and enlisting the help of friends, relations and experts. Although partly improvised, the show was supported by a greater degree of planning and organization. Title: Aaron Swartz Passage: In 2009, wanting to learn about effective activism, Swartz helped launch the Progressive Change Campaign Committee. He wrote on his blog, "I spend my days experimenting with new ways to get progressive policies enacted and progressive politicians elected." Swartz led the first activism event of his career with the Progressive Change Campaign Committee, delivering thousands of "Honor Kennedy" petition signatures to Massachusetts legislators asking them to fulfill former Senator Ted Kennedy's last wish by appointing a senator to vote for health care reform. Title: American Idol Passage: As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability. Title: Talang (Swedish TV series) Passage: Talang, formerly named Talang Sverige (; English: "Talent Sweden") in 2014, is the Swedish version of the "Got Talent" series show where singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts and other performers compete against each other for audience support and the prize money (1 million SEK in 2007 and since 2014; 500,000 SEK between 2008–2011). The show was broadcast for five seasons on TV4, between 2007–2011, before TV4 put the show on indefinite hiatus. Two years later, on 19 June 2013, TV3 announced that they had acquired the rights for the show and would re-launch the show in spring 2014 under the name "Talang Sverige". After 4 years, in 2017, TV4 acquired the rights for the show once again and re-launched the show under the name "Talang", without the year behind. Title: Amazing Stories Passage: Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing. It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction. Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but "Amazing" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction. Title: Def Comedy Jam Passage: The series had its original run from July 1, 1992 to January 1, 1997. Simmons was inspired to make Def Comedy Jam by Jerry Lewis' movie The Nutty Professor. The show returned on HBO's fall lineup in 2006. Def Comedy Jam helped to launch the careers of several African - American stand - up comedians. Title: Megan McKenna Passage: In May 2017, Megan launched her own restaurant ``MCK Grill ''in Woodford Green. In September 2017 she starred in her own show on ITVBe, There's Something About Megan, which sees her flying to Nashville to attempt a country music career. Title: Undo It Passage: "Undo It" is a song written by Carrie Underwood, Kara DioGuardi, Marti Frederiksen, and Luke Laird. It was made available to digital retailers on October 27, 2009, and was released as an official single on May 24, 2010. The song is the third single from Underwood's third studio album, "Play On". Title: Cigarettes & Coffee Passage: Cigarettes & Coffee is a 1993 short film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, starring Philip Baker Hall. It tells the story of five people connected through a twenty-dollar bill. The film helped launch the career of Anderson and was used as a basis for his first feature film, "Hard Eight" (1996). Title: TDRS-11 Passage: TDRS-11 was launched at 01:48 UTC on 31 January 2013, at the beginning of a 40-minute launch window. United Launch Alliance performed the launch using an Atlas V carrier rocket, tail number AV-036, flying in the 401 configuration. Liftoff occurred from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and the rocket placed its payload into a geostationary transfer orbit. Title: Justin Bieber Passage: On August 17, 2017, Bieber released the single ``Friends ''with American record producer and songwriter BloodPop. Songwriters Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter reunited with Bieber to construct the song, just as they helped create his single`` Sorry'' in 2015 on his studio album Purpose. Bieber did not attend the 2018 Grammy Awards Show to perform the nominated song ``Despacito '', claiming that he would not make any award show appearances until his next album was finished. Title: Kounotori 5 Passage: Kounotori 5 was successfully launched with a H-IIB carrier rocket flying from pad 2 of the Yoshinobu Launch Complex at Tanegashima at 11:50:49 UTC on 19 August 2015. Communication and three-axis attitude controls were established shortly after the launch. Phase Maneuver was performed by 19:25 UTC on August 20, and the first Height Adjustment Maneuver by 17:55 UTC on August 22. The second and third Height Adjustment Maneuver were performed by 03:07 and 06:12 UTC on August 24, respectively. Title: Los Serrano Passage: Los Serrano is a Spanish television drama comedy which premiered on 22 April 2003 and aired on Telecinco. It tells the story of the Serrano family, who lives in Round Santa Justa No 133, located in the fictional neighborhood of Santa Justa, in the Ribera del Manzanares, in Madrid. The success of the series in Spain and in several other countries in Europe and elsewhere helped launch the career of several young actors and actresses, especially actor and musician Fran Perea, who acts in the series and sings its theme song, "1 más 1 son 7". Title: Steven Spielberg Passage: Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award. Title: The Garry Moore Show Passage: The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Jonathan Winters. "The Garry Moore Show" garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins. Title: 7 (Sanna Nielsen album) Passage: 7 is the eighth studio album by Swedish singer Sanna Nielsen, released in Sweden on 30 June 2014 by Warner Music. It was preceded by the lead single "Undo " on 23 February 2014. The album debuted at number one in Sweden. Title: Ang Bagong Kampeon Passage: Ang Bagong Kampeon () was a nationally televised amateur singing contest that aired on Radio Philippines Network (Solar TV) in the Philippines. It was hosted by Bert Marcelo and Pilita Corrales. The television show has launched the careers of several successful singers, notably, Regine Velasquez and Donna Cruz.	[ "American Idol", "Undo It" ]
3hop1__652389_266275_33913	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Fico's Second Cabinet is the former government of Slovakia, headed by prime minister Robert Fico. Appointed on 4 April 2012, it consists of 14 members, 11 from the Direction - Social Democracy party () and three independents. It replaced Iveta Radicova's cabinet after gaining an absolute majority in the Slovak parliament following the 2012 Slovak parliamentary election.", "title": "Fico's Second Cabinet" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation (Spanish: Movimiento Independiente de Renovación Absoluta \"MIRA\") is a social and political party in Colombia, founded on March 21, 2000 by 51,095 Colombians led by lawyer and former senator Carlos Alberto Baena and Alexandra Moreno Piraquive. The party also has functions as a non-profit organization. It has representation in the Chamber of Representatives and in the Senate of the Congress of the Republic of Colombia, and has also participated in the public corporations of Colombia at a regional level, being stated as the eight most influential political force in the country.", "title": "Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked. Relations among the treaty signatories were based upon mutual non-intervention in the internal affairs of the member countries, respect for national sovereignty, and political independence. However, almost all governments of those member states were indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union.", "title": "Warsaw Pact" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guinea-Bissau has started to show some economic advances after a pact of stability was signed by the main political parties of the country, leading to an IMF-backed structural reform program. The key challenges for the country in the period ahead are to achieve fiscal discipline, rebuild public administration, improve the economic climate for private investment, and promote economic diversification. After the country became independent from Portugal in 1974 due to the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution, the rapid exodus of the Portuguese civilian, military, and political authorities resulted in considerable damage to the country's economic infrastructure, social order, and standard of living.", "title": "Guinea-Bissau" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (\"German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES\") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality.", "title": "Friedrich Ebert Foundation" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jesuit missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino visited the Santa Cruz River valley in 1692, and founded the Mission San Xavier del Bac in 1700 about 7 mi (11 km) upstream from the site of the settlement of Tucson. A separate Convento settlement was founded downstream along the Santa Cruz River, near the base of what is now \"A\" mountain. Hugo O'Conor, the founding father of the city of Tucson, Arizona authorized the construction of a military fort in that location, Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón, on August 20, 1775 (near the present downtown Pima County Courthouse). During the Spanish period of the presidio, attacks such as the Second Battle of Tucson were repeatedly mounted by Apaches. Eventually the town came to be called \"Tucson\" and became a part of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821.", "title": "Tucson, Arizona" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ontario general election of 2018 was held on June 7, 2018, to elect the 124 members of the 42nd Parliament of Ontario. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, won a majority government with 76 of the 124 seats in the legislature. The Ontario New Democratic Party, led by Andrea Horwath, formed the Official Opposition. The Ontario Liberal Party, led by incumbent Premier Kathleen Wynne, lost official party status in recording both the worst result in the party's 161 - year history and the worst result for any incumbent governing party in Ontario. The Green Party of Ontario won a seat for the first time in their history, while the Trillium Party of Ontario lost its single seat gained by a floor - crossing during the 41st Parliament. Twenty - four other parties and numerous independent candidates also received votes.", "title": "2018 Ontario general election" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The two countries eventually signed an agreement making the islands an Anglo-French condominium that divided the New Hebrides into two separate communities: one Anglophone and one Francophone. This divide continues even after independence, with schools teaching in either one language or the other, and with different political parties. The condominium lasted from 1906 until 1980, when the New Hebrides gained their independence as the Republic of Vanuatu.", "title": "New Hebrides" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a developing constitutional monarchy, Jordan has survived the trials and tribulations of Middle Eastern politics. The Jordanian public has experienced limited democracy since gaining independence in 1946 however the population has not suffered as others have under dictatorships imposed by some Arab regimes. The 1952 Constitution provided for citizens of Jordan to form and join political parties. Such rights were suspended in 1967 when a state of emergency was declared and martial law and suspension of Parliament, continuing until it was repealed in 1989.", "title": "Parliament of Jordan" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Young Finns () was a liberal political party in Finland founded in 1994 and abolished in 1999. In the 1995 parliamentary elections, the party gained two seats, held by Risto Penttilä and Jukka Tarkka. In the 1999 election Young Finns failed to get any seats and it was discontinued. Until 1997, the party was known as Young Finnish Party.", "title": "Young Finns" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: \"Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià\") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV).", "title": "Left Grouping of the Valencian Country" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Territories in Movement (\"Territoires en mouvement\", TeM) is a centre-right political party in France founded in September 2011 by Jean-Christophe Fromantin, the mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine. It was a member of the Union of Democrats and Independents. The movement presented candidates under the banner of 577 – The Independents of the Right and Centre (\"577 – Les Indépendants de la Droite et du Centre\") in the 2017 legislative elections.", "title": "Territories in Movement" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Liberal Party (, \"Liberalna partiya\", LP) was a political party in Bulgaria and the main force in domestic politics between independence in 1878 and the mid-1880s when it dissolved into several different factions.", "title": "Liberal Party (Bulgaria)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Luisa María de Guadalupe Calderón Hinojosa (born October 23, 1956 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party who served in the Senate of Mexico from 2000 until September 2006. She is currently senator-elect as a PAN proportional representative. Her term in the senate began in late 2012 and will continue through 2018. \"Cocoa\" (her nickname) is known as a champion for women and minority rights throughout Mexico.", "title": "Luisa María Calderón" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973. While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998.", "title": "Sushil Koirala" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Regionalist League of Catalonia (, ; 1901–1936) was a right wing political party of Catalonia, Spain. It had a Catalanist, conservative, and monarchic ideology. Notable members of the party were Enric Prat de la Riba, Francesc Cambó, Agustí Riera i Pau, Joan Ventosa and Ramon d'Abadal i Calderó.", "title": "Regionalist League of Catalonia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kanak Socialist Liberation (, LKS) is a Kanak pro-independence and socialist political party in New Caledonia, led by Nidoïsh Naisseline.", "title": "Kanak Socialist Liberation" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gustavo Macías Zambrano (born 26 August 1969) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Jalisco.", "title": "Gustavo Macías Zambrano" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carlos Martínez Gorriarán is a Spanish scholar, born in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. After being a member of marxist and basque nationalist movements, he became one of the founding members and spokespersons of ¡Basta Ya! association and head of the Plataforma Pro from which the Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) party emerged in September 2007. In ¡Basta Ya! he was opposed to ETA, and also to the \"obligatory nationalism\" that he considered to be occurring in the Basque Country. He is a member of the Directing and Political counsels of the party.", "title": "Carlos Martínez Gorriarán" } ]	What year did the country having the political party with Gustavo Macías Zambrano as a member gain independence from Spain?	1821	[]	Title: Friedrich Ebert Foundation Passage: The Friedrich Ebert Foundation ("German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality. Title: Territories in Movement Passage: Territories in Movement ("Territoires en mouvement", TeM) is a centre-right political party in France founded in September 2011 by Jean-Christophe Fromantin, the mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine. It was a member of the Union of Democrats and Independents. The movement presented candidates under the banner of 577 – The Independents of the Right and Centre ("577 – Les Indépendants de la Droite et du Centre") in the 2017 legislative elections. Title: Sushil Koirala Passage: Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973. While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: Tucson, Arizona Passage: Jesuit missionary Eusebio Francisco Kino visited the Santa Cruz River valley in 1692, and founded the Mission San Xavier del Bac in 1700 about 7 mi (11 km) upstream from the site of the settlement of Tucson. A separate Convento settlement was founded downstream along the Santa Cruz River, near the base of what is now "A" mountain. Hugo O'Conor, the founding father of the city of Tucson, Arizona authorized the construction of a military fort in that location, Presidio San Agustín del Tucsón, on August 20, 1775 (near the present downtown Pima County Courthouse). During the Spanish period of the presidio, attacks such as the Second Battle of Tucson were repeatedly mounted by Apaches. Eventually the town came to be called "Tucson" and became a part of Sonora after Mexico gained independence from Spain in 1821. Title: Luisa María Calderón Passage: Luisa María de Guadalupe Calderón Hinojosa (born October 23, 1956 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party who served in the Senate of Mexico from 2000 until September 2006. She is currently senator-elect as a PAN proportional representative. Her term in the senate began in late 2012 and will continue through 2018. "Cocoa" (her nickname) is known as a champion for women and minority rights throughout Mexico. Title: Gustavo Macías Zambrano Passage: Gustavo Macías Zambrano (born 26 August 1969) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Jalisco. Title: Regionalist League of Catalonia Passage: Regionalist League of Catalonia (, ; 1901–1936) was a right wing political party of Catalonia, Spain. It had a Catalanist, conservative, and monarchic ideology. Notable members of the party were Enric Prat de la Riba, Francesc Cambó, Agustí Riera i Pau, Joan Ventosa and Ramon d'Abadal i Calderó. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. Title: Warsaw Pact Passage: The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked. Relations among the treaty signatories were based upon mutual non-intervention in the internal affairs of the member countries, respect for national sovereignty, and political independence. However, almost all governments of those member states were indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union. Title: Liberal Party (Bulgaria) Passage: The Liberal Party (, "Liberalna partiya", LP) was a political party in Bulgaria and the main force in domestic politics between independence in 1878 and the mid-1880s when it dissolved into several different factions. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: Guinea-Bissau has started to show some economic advances after a pact of stability was signed by the main political parties of the country, leading to an IMF-backed structural reform program. The key challenges for the country in the period ahead are to achieve fiscal discipline, rebuild public administration, improve the economic climate for private investment, and promote economic diversification. After the country became independent from Portugal in 1974 due to the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution, the rapid exodus of the Portuguese civilian, military, and political authorities resulted in considerable damage to the country's economic infrastructure, social order, and standard of living. Title: New Hebrides Passage: The two countries eventually signed an agreement making the islands an Anglo-French condominium that divided the New Hebrides into two separate communities: one Anglophone and one Francophone. This divide continues even after independence, with schools teaching in either one language or the other, and with different political parties. The condominium lasted from 1906 until 1980, when the New Hebrides gained their independence as the Republic of Vanuatu. Title: Kanak Socialist Liberation Passage: The Kanak Socialist Liberation (, LKS) is a Kanak pro-independence and socialist political party in New Caledonia, led by Nidoïsh Naisseline. Title: Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation Passage: The Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation (Spanish: Movimiento Independiente de Renovación Absoluta "MIRA") is a social and political party in Colombia, founded on March 21, 2000 by 51,095 Colombians led by lawyer and former senator Carlos Alberto Baena and Alexandra Moreno Piraquive. The party also has functions as a non-profit organization. It has representation in the Chamber of Representatives and in the Senate of the Congress of the Republic of Colombia, and has also participated in the public corporations of Colombia at a regional level, being stated as the eight most influential political force in the country. Title: Carlos Martínez Gorriarán Passage: Carlos Martínez Gorriarán is a Spanish scholar, born in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. After being a member of marxist and basque nationalist movements, he became one of the founding members and spokespersons of ¡Basta Ya! association and head of the Plataforma Pro from which the Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) party emerged in September 2007. In ¡Basta Ya! he was opposed to ETA, and also to the "obligatory nationalism" that he considered to be occurring in the Basque Country. He is a member of the Directing and Political counsels of the party. Title: Young Finns Passage: Young Finns () was a liberal political party in Finland founded in 1994 and abolished in 1999. In the 1995 parliamentary elections, the party gained two seats, held by Risto Penttilä and Jukka Tarkka. In the 1999 election Young Finns failed to get any seats and it was discontinued. Until 1997, the party was known as Young Finnish Party.	[ "Tucson, Arizona", "Luisa María Calderón", "Gustavo Macías Zambrano" ]
2hop__283282_543261	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Martino Gomiero (7 December 1924 – 20 November 2009) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Adria-Rovigo, Italy.", "title": "Martino Gomiero" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Samuel Troy Pellom (born October 2, 1951) is a retired American basketball player born in Wilmington, North Carolina. The 6'9\" forward-center played professionally for the Atlanta Hawks and the Milwaukee Bucks of the NBA and played college basketball at the University at Buffalo, and to date the only player that ever played in the NBA for that university's basketball team. Pellom also played for the Washington Generals, the team that plays the Harlem Globetrotters.", "title": "Sam Pellom" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Gratton (December 4, 1924 – April 14, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mont-Laurier, Canada.", "title": "Jean Gratton" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. The geographic boundaries of the diocese are the same as those of Worcester County, Massachusetts, the geographically largest county of the state of Massachusetts. It is headed by a bishop who has his see at the Cathedral of Saint Paul in the city of Worcester.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Butler Catholic School is a Catholic private elementary school located in Butler, Pennsylvania, USA. The school serves students in grades K through 8 in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh.", "title": "Butler Catholic School" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington () is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the eastern United States and comprises the entire state of Delaware and the Eastern Shore of Maryland (i.e. the parts of the Delmarva Peninsula not in Virginia). The Diocese of Wilmington is one of three Roman Catholic Dioceses in the United States to have territory in more than one state, the others being the Diocese of Gallup and the Diocese of Norwich. It is led by Bishop William Francis Malooly, whose seat is the Cathedral of Saint Peter in the City of Wilmington.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of La Ceiba is a diocese located in Honduras in the Ecclesiastical province of Tegucigalpa. The diocese was erected on 30 December 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of La Ceiba" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armindo Lopes Coelho (December 16, 1931 – September 29, 2010) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Porto, Portugal.", "title": "Armindo Lopes Coelho" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "St. Philip Catholic Central High School, located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kalamazoo, is a Roman Catholic high school in Battle Creek, Michigan.", "title": "St. Philip Catholic Central High School" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrew Hao or Hao Jinli (; 1916 – March 9, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Xiwanzi, China.", "title": "Andrew Hao" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arduino Bertoldo (December 30, 1932 – April 3, 2012) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Foligno, Italy.", "title": "Arduino Bertoldo" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alberto Ablondi (18 December 1924 – 21 August 2010) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Livorno, Italy.", "title": "Alberto Ablondi" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in Argentina is located in the city of Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. It was established by Pope Pius XII on 11 February 1957, and is a suffragan diocese in the province of Bahía Blanca.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in Argentina" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bourgade Catholic High School is a diocesan, co-educational Roman Catholic high school in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix. It is a 27-acre campus located at 4602 N. 31st Avenue, just west of Interstate 17, and several miles from downtown Phoenix.", "title": "Bourgade Catholic High School" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Emmanuel Otteh (1927 – July 27, 2012) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Issele-Uku, Nigeria.", "title": "Emmanuel Otteh" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph Ignace Randrianasolo (31 July 1947 – 4 February 2010) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mahajanga, Madagascar.", "title": "Joseph Ignace Randrianasolo" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Gary () is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States of America. It was founded on December 17, 1956, by Pope Pius XII. It is one of four suffragan dioceses of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Indianapolis. Its ecclesiastic territory includes Lake, Porter, LaPorte, and Starke counties in northwestern Indiana. The mother church of the diocese is the Cathedral of the Holy Angels in Gary, Indiana.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Gary" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Marchard (April 17, 1937 – July 24, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Timmins, Canada.", "title": "Paul Marchand" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Roman Catholic Diocese of Zrenjanin (Latin: \"Dioecesis Zrenjanensis\", / , , , ) is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Serbia. It is subject to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Belgrade. The Diocese is centered in the city of Zrenjanin. László Német currently serves as bishop.", "title": "Roman Catholic Diocese of Zrenjanin" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Magnificat Academy was a Catholic middle school and high school located in Warren, Massachusetts, which opened in 2005 in the Parish Hall and Rectory of St. Paul Church with 20 students. It was operated independent of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester.", "title": "Magnificat Academy" } ]	What state is Roman Catholic Diocese in Sam Pellom's birth place located?	Delaware	[ "State of Delaware", "DE" ]	Title: Jean Gratton Passage: Jean Gratton (December 4, 1924 – April 14, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mont-Laurier, Canada. Title: Bourgade Catholic High School Passage: Bourgade Catholic High School is a diocesan, co-educational Roman Catholic high school in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix. It is a 27-acre campus located at 4602 N. 31st Avenue, just west of Interstate 17, and several miles from downtown Phoenix. Title: Emmanuel Otteh Passage: Emmanuel Otteh (1927 – July 27, 2012) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Issele-Uku, Nigeria. Title: Roman Catholic Diocese of La Ceiba Passage: The Roman Catholic Diocese of La Ceiba is a diocese located in Honduras in the Ecclesiastical province of Tegucigalpa. The diocese was erected on 30 December 2011 by Pope Benedict XVI. Title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester Passage: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the New England region of the United States. The geographic boundaries of the diocese are the same as those of Worcester County, Massachusetts, the geographically largest county of the state of Massachusetts. It is headed by a bishop who has his see at the Cathedral of Saint Paul in the city of Worcester. Title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Gary Passage: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Gary () is a particular church of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States of America. It was founded on December 17, 1956, by Pope Pius XII. It is one of four suffragan dioceses of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Indianapolis. Its ecclesiastic territory includes Lake, Porter, LaPorte, and Starke counties in northwestern Indiana. The mother church of the diocese is the Cathedral of the Holy Angels in Gary, Indiana. Title: Magnificat Academy Passage: Magnificat Academy was a Catholic middle school and high school located in Warren, Massachusetts, which opened in 2005 in the Parish Hall and Rectory of St. Paul Church with 20 students. It was operated independent of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Worcester. Title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in Argentina Passage: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in Argentina is located in the city of Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. It was established by Pope Pius XII on 11 February 1957, and is a suffragan diocese in the province of Bahía Blanca. Title: Arduino Bertoldo Passage: Arduino Bertoldo (December 30, 1932 – April 3, 2012) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Foligno, Italy. Title: Martino Gomiero Passage: Martino Gomiero (7 December 1924 – 20 November 2009) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Adria-Rovigo, Italy. Title: Paul Marchand Passage: Paul Marchard (April 17, 1937 – July 24, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Timmins, Canada. Title: Andrew Hao Passage: Andrew Hao or Hao Jinli (; 1916 – March 9, 2011) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Xiwanzi, China. Title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington Passage: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington () is an ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in the eastern United States and comprises the entire state of Delaware and the Eastern Shore of Maryland (i.e. the parts of the Delmarva Peninsula not in Virginia). The Diocese of Wilmington is one of three Roman Catholic Dioceses in the United States to have territory in more than one state, the others being the Diocese of Gallup and the Diocese of Norwich. It is led by Bishop William Francis Malooly, whose seat is the Cathedral of Saint Peter in the City of Wilmington. Title: Armindo Lopes Coelho Passage: Armindo Lopes Coelho (December 16, 1931 – September 29, 2010) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Porto, Portugal. Title: Butler Catholic School Passage: Butler Catholic School is a Catholic private elementary school located in Butler, Pennsylvania, USA. The school serves students in grades K through 8 in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh. Title: Sam Pellom Passage: Samuel Troy Pellom (born October 2, 1951) is a retired American basketball player born in Wilmington, North Carolina. The 6'9" forward-center played professionally for the Atlanta Hawks and the Milwaukee Bucks of the NBA and played college basketball at the University at Buffalo, and to date the only player that ever played in the NBA for that university's basketball team. Pellom also played for the Washington Generals, the team that plays the Harlem Globetrotters. Title: Joseph Ignace Randrianasolo Passage: Joseph Ignace Randrianasolo (31 July 1947 – 4 February 2010) was the Roman Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mahajanga, Madagascar.	[ "Sam Pellom", "Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilmington" ]
2hop__800810_20644	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The West Indies or the Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean that includes the island countries and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago.", "title": "West Indies" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khyber Teaching Hospital (, , abbreviated as KTH), is a university hospital and the primary teaching affiliate of Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan. KTH lies on the historic route that links up to the historic Khyber Pass. This is one of the largest hospitals in the country. As a tertiary health-care facility, KTH serves as major referral center in the region. This facility serves a large population, both domestic and foreign, in the North West of Pakistan as well as North Eastern Afghanistan. The more than 1200 bedded hospital has most of the major and minor medical and surgical departments.", "title": "Khyber Teaching Hospital" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Espiche is a village in Algarve near Praia da Luz in Portugal. The town has seen major developments since the 80's, with the increase of the tourism industry in the region. The land value has increased dramatically, but the populational density is still relatively low. In the summer months the town has the most of its economic activity, and also most of the housing space occupied by tourists.", "title": "Espiche" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They also lived in Beringian North America during the Pleistocene. Today, the dominant subspecies (S. t. tatarica) is only found in one location in Russia (in the Republic of Kalmykia and Astrakhan Oblast) and three areas in Kazakhstan (the Ural, Ustiurt, and Betpak-Dala populations). A proportion of the Ustiurt population migrates south to Uzbekistan and occasionally Turkmenistan in winter. It is extinct in the People's Republic of China and southwestern Mongolia. It was hunted extensively in Romania and Moldova until it became extinct in those regions at the end of the 18th century. The Mongolian subspecies (S. t. mongolica) is found only in western Mongolia.", "title": "Saiga antelope" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The North Region of Singapore is one of the five regions in the city-state. The region is the second largest region in terms of land area, and has a population of 531,860. Woodlands is the regional centre and also the most populous town with 250,290 residents living in the area. Comprising 13,500 hectares of land area, it includes eight planning areas.", "title": "North Region, Singapore" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India is a union of 29 states and 7 union territories. As of 2011, with an estimated population of 1.2 billion, India is the world's second most populous country after the People's Republic of China. India occupies 2.4% of the world's land surface area and is home to 17.5% of the world's population. After the Indo - Gangetic Plain, the eastern and western coastal regions of the Deccan Plateau are the most densely populated regions of India. The Thar Desert in western Rajasthan is one of the most densely populated deserts in the world. The northern and north - eastern states along the Himalayas contain cold arid deserts with fertile valleys.", "title": "List of states and union territories of India by population" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Palouse ( ) is a distinct geographic region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of north central Idaho, southeastern Washington, and, by some definitions, parts of northeast Oregon. It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century and was once Washington's most populous region, surpassing even the Puget Sound area.", "title": "Palouse" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali (), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over . The population of Mali is /1e6 round 1 million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt.", "title": "Mali" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A small, landlocked kingdom, Swaziland is bordered in the North, West and South by the Republic of South Africa and by Mozambique in the East. Swaziland has a land area of 17,364 km2. Swaziland has four separate geographical regions. These run from North to South and are determined by altitude. Swaziland is located at approximately 26°30'S, 31°30'E. Swaziland has a wide variety of landscapes, from the mountains along the Mozambican border to savannas in the east and rain forest in the northwest. Several rivers flow through the country, such as the Great Usutu River.", "title": "Eswatini" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Patricia B. O'Sullivan Lucey (born September 1, 1926) is an American amateur golfer who won the 1950, 1951, and 1953 North and South Women's Amateur. As well, she won the 1951 Titleholders Championship, then one of the LPGA Tour's major championships. She was a member of Race Brook Country Club in Orange, Connecticut. She represented the United States in the Curtis Cup in 1952 and won several tournaments in her native New England.", "title": "Pat O'Sullivan" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, anti-Japanese resistance movements in Malaya turned their attention towards the British, who had moved to quickly retake control of the colony, valuing it as a source of rubber and tin. The fact that the guerrillas were primarily Malayan-Chinese Communists meant that the British attempt to quell the uprising was supported by the Muslim Malay majority, on the understanding that once the insurgency had been quelled, independence would be granted. The Malayan Emergency, as it was called, began in 1948 and lasted until 1960, but by 1957, Britain felt confident enough to grant independence to the Federation of Malaya within the Commonwealth. In 1963, the 11 states of the federation together with Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo joined to form Malaysia, but in 1965 Chinese-majority Singapore was expelled from the union following tensions between the Malay and Chinese populations. Brunei, which had been a British protectorate since 1888, declined to join the union and maintained its status until independence in 1984.", "title": "British Empire" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tour de France Race details Date July Region France and nearby countries Local name (s) Le Tour de France (in French) Nickname (s) La Grande Boucle Discipline Road Competition UCI World Tour Type Stage race (Grand Tour) Organiser Amaury Sport Organisation Race director Christian Prudhomme History First edition 1 July 1903; 114 years ago (1903 - 07 - 01) Editions 104 (as of 2017) First winner Maurice Garin (FRA) Most wins Jacques Anquetil (FRA) Eddy Merckx (BEL) Bernard Hinault (FRA) Miguel Indurain (ESP) (5 wins each) Most recent Chris Froome (GBR)", "title": "Tour de France" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The population of the countries and regions of the United Kingdom was last measured by census in 2011. and the Census organisations have produced population estimates for subsequent years by updating the census results with estimates of births, deaths and migration in each year. The census results, and the annual population estimates, summarised below show that England is by far the most populous country of the United Kingdom and its population is therefore also presented by region.", "title": "Countries of the United Kingdom by population" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "French Canadians (also referred to as Franco - Canadians or Canadiens; French: Canadien (ne) s français (es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French - speaking population in Canada, accounting for about 22 per cent of the country's total population. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communities exist in all other Canadian provinces and territories as well.", "title": "French Canadians" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Judith (\"Jutta\") Niehaus (born 1 October 1964) is a retired racing cyclist from West Germany, who represented her native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. There she won the silver medal in the women's individual road race, losing to the Netherlands' Monique Knol in the sprint. She was born in Bocholt, North Rhine-Westphalia.", "title": "Jutta Niehaus" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With over 90 million inhabitants, Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab World, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fifteenth-most populous in the world. The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large regions of the Sahara desert, which constitute most of Egypt's territory, are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.", "title": "Egypt" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ethnically and linguistically the population of the Republic of the Congo is diverse—Ethnologue recognises 62 spoken languages in the country—but can be grouped into three categories. The Kongo are the largest ethnic group and form roughly half of the population. The most significant subgroups of the Kongo are Laari in Brazzaville and Pool regions and Vili around Pointe-Noire and along the Atlantic coast. The second largest group are the Teke who live to the north of Brazzaville with 17% of the population. Boulangui (M’Boshi) live in the northwest and in Brazzaville and form 12% of the population. Pygmies make up 2% of Congo's population.", "title": "Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Almost all growth will take place in the less developed regions, where today's 5.3 billion population of underdeveloped countries is expected to increase to 7.8 billion in 2050. By contrast, the population of the more developed regions will remain mostly unchanged, at 1.2 billion. An exception is the United States population, which is expected to increase by 44% from 2008 to 2050.", "title": "Human overpopulation" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons.", "title": "Canada" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most populous country in North America is the United States with 318.4 million persons. The second largest country is Mexico with a population of 112,322,757. Canada is the third most populous country with 32,623,490. The majority of Caribbean island - nations have national populations under a million, though Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico (a territory of the United States), Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago each have populations higher than a million. Greenland has a small population of 55,984 for its massive size (2,166,000 km2 or 836,300 mi2), and therefore, it has the world's lowest population density at 0.026 pop. / km2 (0.067 pop. / mi2).", "title": "North America" } ]	What race holds the majority of the population of the country where North Region is located?	Chinese	[]	Title: North Region, Singapore Passage: The North Region of Singapore is one of the five regions in the city-state. The region is the second largest region in terms of land area, and has a population of 531,860. Woodlands is the regional centre and also the most populous town with 250,290 residents living in the area. Comprising 13,500 hectares of land area, it includes eight planning areas. Title: Palouse Passage: The Palouse ( ) is a distinct geographic region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of north central Idaho, southeastern Washington, and, by some definitions, parts of northeast Oregon. It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century and was once Washington's most populous region, surpassing even the Puget Sound area. Title: Human overpopulation Passage: Almost all growth will take place in the less developed regions, where today's 5.3 billion population of underdeveloped countries is expected to increase to 7.8 billion in 2050. By contrast, the population of the more developed regions will remain mostly unchanged, at 1.2 billion. An exception is the United States population, which is expected to increase by 44% from 2008 to 2050. Title: Countries of the United Kingdom by population Passage: The population of the countries and regions of the United Kingdom was last measured by census in 2011. and the Census organisations have produced population estimates for subsequent years by updating the census results with estimates of births, deaths and migration in each year. The census results, and the annual population estimates, summarised below show that England is by far the most populous country of the United Kingdom and its population is therefore also presented by region. Title: Pat O'Sullivan Passage: Patricia B. O'Sullivan Lucey (born September 1, 1926) is an American amateur golfer who won the 1950, 1951, and 1953 North and South Women's Amateur. As well, she won the 1951 Titleholders Championship, then one of the LPGA Tour's major championships. She was a member of Race Brook Country Club in Orange, Connecticut. She represented the United States in the Curtis Cup in 1952 and won several tournaments in her native New England. Title: Saiga antelope Passage: They also lived in Beringian North America during the Pleistocene. Today, the dominant subspecies (S. t. tatarica) is only found in one location in Russia (in the Republic of Kalmykia and Astrakhan Oblast) and three areas in Kazakhstan (the Ural, Ustiurt, and Betpak-Dala populations). A proportion of the Ustiurt population migrates south to Uzbekistan and occasionally Turkmenistan in winter. It is extinct in the People's Republic of China and southwestern Mongolia. It was hunted extensively in Romania and Moldova until it became extinct in those regions at the end of the 18th century. The Mongolian subspecies (S. t. mongolica) is found only in western Mongolia. Title: Canada Passage: Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons. Title: West Indies Passage: The West Indies or the Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean that includes the island countries and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago. Title: British Empire Passage: Following the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, anti-Japanese resistance movements in Malaya turned their attention towards the British, who had moved to quickly retake control of the colony, valuing it as a source of rubber and tin. The fact that the guerrillas were primarily Malayan-Chinese Communists meant that the British attempt to quell the uprising was supported by the Muslim Malay majority, on the understanding that once the insurgency had been quelled, independence would be granted. The Malayan Emergency, as it was called, began in 1948 and lasted until 1960, but by 1957, Britain felt confident enough to grant independence to the Federation of Malaya within the Commonwealth. In 1963, the 11 states of the federation together with Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo joined to form Malaysia, but in 1965 Chinese-majority Singapore was expelled from the union following tensions between the Malay and Chinese populations. Brunei, which had been a British protectorate since 1888, declined to join the union and maintained its status until independence in 1984. Title: Espiche Passage: Espiche is a village in Algarve near Praia da Luz in Portugal. The town has seen major developments since the 80's, with the increase of the tourism industry in the region. The land value has increased dramatically, but the populational density is still relatively low. In the summer months the town has the most of its economic activity, and also most of the housing space occupied by tourists. Title: Egypt Passage: With over 90 million inhabitants, Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab World, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fifteenth-most populous in the world. The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large regions of the Sahara desert, which constitute most of Egypt's territory, are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta. Title: North America Passage: The most populous country in North America is the United States with 318.4 million persons. The second largest country is Mexico with a population of 112,322,757. Canada is the third most populous country with 32,623,490. The majority of Caribbean island - nations have national populations under a million, though Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico (a territory of the United States), Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago each have populations higher than a million. Greenland has a small population of 55,984 for its massive size (2,166,000 km2 or 836,300 mi2), and therefore, it has the world's lowest population density at 0.026 pop. / km2 (0.067 pop. / mi2). Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: Ethnically and linguistically the population of the Republic of the Congo is diverse—Ethnologue recognises 62 spoken languages in the country—but can be grouped into three categories. The Kongo are the largest ethnic group and form roughly half of the population. The most significant subgroups of the Kongo are Laari in Brazzaville and Pool regions and Vili around Pointe-Noire and along the Atlantic coast. The second largest group are the Teke who live to the north of Brazzaville with 17% of the population. Boulangui (M’Boshi) live in the northwest and in Brazzaville and form 12% of the population. Pygmies make up 2% of Congo's population. Title: Mali Passage: Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali (), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over . The population of Mali is /1e6 round 1 million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. Title: Jutta Niehaus Passage: Judith ("Jutta") Niehaus (born 1 October 1964) is a retired racing cyclist from West Germany, who represented her native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. There she won the silver medal in the women's individual road race, losing to the Netherlands' Monique Knol in the sprint. She was born in Bocholt, North Rhine-Westphalia. Title: Khyber Teaching Hospital Passage: Khyber Teaching Hospital (, , abbreviated as KTH), is a university hospital and the primary teaching affiliate of Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan. KTH lies on the historic route that links up to the historic Khyber Pass. This is one of the largest hospitals in the country. As a tertiary health-care facility, KTH serves as major referral center in the region. This facility serves a large population, both domestic and foreign, in the North West of Pakistan as well as North Eastern Afghanistan. The more than 1200 bedded hospital has most of the major and minor medical and surgical departments. Title: French Canadians Passage: French Canadians (also referred to as Franco - Canadians or Canadiens; French: Canadien (ne) s français (es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French - speaking population in Canada, accounting for about 22 per cent of the country's total population. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communities exist in all other Canadian provinces and territories as well.	[ "North Region, Singapore", "British Empire" ]

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