Split (1)

train · 19.9k rows

id stringlengths 13 34	paragraphs listlengths 16 20	question stringlengths 29 283	answer stringlengths 1 100	answer_aliases listlengths 0 10	context stringlengths 577 17.4k	citations listlengths 2 4
2hop__102084_68183	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Czechoslovakia was created in 1918 following the collapse of the Austro - Hungarian Empire at the end of World War I. The Treaty of Versailles recognized the independence of Czechoslovakia with a population that included three million German - speaking people, 24 percent of the total population of the country. The Germans lived mostly in an area called Sudetenland bordering on Germany and the newly created country of Austria. The Sudeten Germans were not consulted about whether they wished to be citizens of Czechoslovakia. Although the constitution guaranteed equality for all citizens, there was a tendency among political leaders to transform the country ``into an instrument of Czech and Slovak nationalism ''. Although some progress was made to integrate the Germans and other minorities, they continued to be under - represented in the government and the army. Moreover, the Great Depression beginning in 1929 impacted the highly industrialized and export - oriented Sudeten Germans more than it did the Czech and Slovak populations. By 1936, 60 percent of the unemployed people in Czechoslovakia were Germans.", "title": "Munich Agreement" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Two Weeks with Pay is a lost 1921 American silent comedy romance film starring Bebe Daniels and directed by Maurice Campbell.", "title": "Two Weeks with Pay" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bebe Cool (born 1 September 1977) (real name Moses Ssali) is a top African reggae and ragga musician from Uganda. He started his career around 1997 in Nairobi, Kenya, but a few years later he moved back to his native country. Bebe Cool was one of the first artists affiliated with Ogopa DJs, a production house and record label in Kenya.", "title": "Bebe Cool" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karnataka Legislative Assembly 15th Legislative Assembly of Karnataka Type Type Lower house Term limits 5 years Leadership Speaker K.R. Ramesh Kumar, INC Since 25 May 2018 Deputy Speaker M. Krishna Reddy, JD (S) Since 7 July 2018 Leader of the House (Chief Minister) H.D. Kumaraswamy, JD (S) Since 23 May 2018 Deputy Leader of the House (Deputy Chief Minister) G. Parameshwara, INC Since 23 May 2018 Leader of the Opposition B.S. Yeddyurappa, BJP Since 25 May 2018 Deputy Leader of the Opposition Govind M. Karjol, BJP Since 25 May 2018 Structure Seats 225 (224 + 1 Nominated) Political groups Government (118) INC (79) JD (S) (36) BSP (1) KPJP (1) Independent (1) Opposition (104) BJP (104) Others (1) Nominated (1) Vacant (2) Vacant (2) Elections Voting system First past the post Last election 12 May 2018 Meeting place Legislative Assembly Chamber, Vidhana Soudha, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Website Karnataka Legislative Assembly Footnotes The Council was established in 1881 for the Princely State of Mysore. The Princely state was merged with the Union of India and became Mysore State in 1950; Mysore State was re-organized to its current territorial state in 1956 and renamed as Karnataka on 1 November 1973.", "title": "Karnataka Legislative Assembly" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Leader of Opposition (LOP) in Uganda is the title bestowed upon the elected leader of the largest political party not within the ruling government. The Leader of Opposition appoints and heads an alternative Shadow Cabinet whose duty is to challenge and influence government legislation on the floor of Parliament The current Leader of Opposition and first Ugandan female to hold the position is Hon. Winnie Kiiza of the Forum for Democratic Change. The Opposition in Uganda is made up of members from Forum for Democratic Change, Democratic Party, Uganda People's Congress, Congress Party and JEEMA.", "title": "Leader of Opposition (Uganda)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mantle convection is the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior of the Earth to the surface. The Earth's surface lithosphere, which rides atop the asthenosphere (the two components of the upper mantle), is divided into a number of plates that are continuously being created and consumed at their opposite plate boundaries. Accretion occurs as mantle is added to the growing edges of a plate, associated with seafloor spreading. This hot added material cools down by conduction and convection of heat. At the consumption edges of the plate, the material has thermally contracted to become dense, and it sinks under its own weight in the process of subduction usually at an ocean trench.", "title": "Mantle convection" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prismophonic is the name given to the third album by Christophe Willem. It was released on 21 November 2011 and currently has three singles, \"Cool\", \"Si Mes Larmes Tombent\" and \"Starlite\".", "title": "Prismophonic" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In South Australia, initially a Liberal and Country Party affiliated party, the Liberal and Country League (LCL), mostly led by Premier of South Australia Tom Playford, was in power from the 1933 election to the 1965 election, though with assistance from an electoral malapportionment, or gerrymander, known as the Playmander. The LCL's Steele Hall governed for one term from the 1968 election to the 1970 election and during this time began the process of dismantling the Playmander. David Tonkin, as leader of the South Australian Division of the Liberal Party of Australia, became Premier at the 1979 election for one term, losing office at the 1982 election. The Liberals returned to power at the 1993 election, led by Premiers Dean Brown, John Olsen and Rob Kerin through two terms, until their defeat at the 2002 election. They have since remained in opposition under a record five Opposition Leaders.", "title": "Liberal Party of Australia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Canadian citizen, Jamal Akal (جمال عكل) was arrested by Israeli security forces in 2003, and accused of conspiring with Hamas leaders to target and assassinate an Israeli politician travelling to the United States.", "title": "Jamal Akal" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current holder of the post of Leader of the Opposition is Peter Phillips as a result of his party's loss in the 2016 general election and his ascension to leader of the main opposition party in Jamaica in 2017, succeeding Portia Simpson Miller.", "title": "Leader of the Opposition (Jamaica)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Swiss Armed Forces, including the Land Forces and the Air Force, are composed mostly of conscripts, male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a landlocked country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there.", "title": "Switzerland" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hector John (born 22 October 1970) is a Dominican politician in the United Workers' Party. He is the current Leader of the Opposition, the youngest ever to hold that position. He was first elected as a Representative to the House of Assembly in 2009.", "title": "Hector John" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The winner of the first season of RuPaul's Drag Race was BeBe Zahara Benet, with Nina Flowers being the runner - up.", "title": "RuPaul's Drag Race (season 1)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of senior fellow members of the parliamentary group to serve as critics of aspects of government policy. When a party becomes the largest party not part of the Government, the party's parliamentary group forms the Official Opposition, with Official Opposition frontbench team members often forming the Official Opposition Shadow cabinet. When a party achieves enough seats in an election to form a majority, the party's frontbench becomes the Cabinet of government ministers.", "title": "Political party" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexios Aspietes (, ) was a Byzantine governor and military leader who was captured by the Bulgarians, and led an anti-Bulgarian rebellion at Philippopolis in 1205, being acclaimed emperor by the citizens.", "title": "Alexios Aspietes" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Georges Sarre (26 November 1935 in Chénérailles, Creuse – 31 January 2019) was a French politician and leader of the Citizen and Republican Movement.", "title": "Georges Sarre" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place.", "title": "History of the Democratic Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993.", "title": "Constitution of South Africa" } ]	Who is the current leader of the opposition in the country that Bebe Cool is a citizen of?	Winnie Kiiza	[]	Title: Switzerland Passage: The Swiss Armed Forces, including the Land Forces and the Air Force, are composed mostly of conscripts, male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a landlocked country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there. Title: Political party Passage: When the party is represented by members in the lower house of parliament, the party leader simultaneously serves as the leader of the parliamentary group of that full party representation; depending on a minimum number of seats held, Westminster-based parties typically allow for leaders to form frontbench teams of senior fellow members of the parliamentary group to serve as critics of aspects of government policy. When a party becomes the largest party not part of the Government, the party's parliamentary group forms the Official Opposition, with Official Opposition frontbench team members often forming the Official Opposition Shadow cabinet. When a party achieves enough seats in an election to form a majority, the party's frontbench becomes the Cabinet of government ministers. Title: Mantle convection Passage: Mantle convection is the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior of the Earth to the surface. The Earth's surface lithosphere, which rides atop the asthenosphere (the two components of the upper mantle), is divided into a number of plates that are continuously being created and consumed at their opposite plate boundaries. Accretion occurs as mantle is added to the growing edges of a plate, associated with seafloor spreading. This hot added material cools down by conduction and convection of heat. At the consumption edges of the plate, the material has thermally contracted to become dense, and it sinks under its own weight in the process of subduction usually at an ocean trench. Title: Bebe Cool Passage: Bebe Cool (born 1 September 1977) (real name Moses Ssali) is a top African reggae and ragga musician from Uganda. He started his career around 1997 in Nairobi, Kenya, but a few years later he moved back to his native country. Bebe Cool was one of the first artists affiliated with Ogopa DJs, a production house and record label in Kenya. Title: Leader of Opposition (Uganda) Passage: The Leader of Opposition (LOP) in Uganda is the title bestowed upon the elected leader of the largest political party not within the ruling government. The Leader of Opposition appoints and heads an alternative Shadow Cabinet whose duty is to challenge and influence government legislation on the floor of Parliament The current Leader of Opposition and first Ugandan female to hold the position is Hon. Winnie Kiiza of the Forum for Democratic Change. The Opposition in Uganda is made up of members from Forum for Democratic Change, Democratic Party, Uganda People's Congress, Congress Party and JEEMA. Title: Prismophonic Passage: Prismophonic is the name given to the third album by Christophe Willem. It was released on 21 November 2011 and currently has three singles, "Cool", "Si Mes Larmes Tombent" and "Starlite".	[ "Bebe Cool", "Leader of Opposition (Uganda)" ]
3hop1__130407_832324_795274	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Wayne Township is one of nine townships in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States and serves as one of two townships within Noblesville, Indiana's jurisdiction. As of the 2010 census, its population was 7,886 and it contained 3,252 housing units, an increase from 2415 in 2000, as Noblesville continues to expand eastward and Fishers reaches its northern limits. In 2007, Noblesville officially opened one of the largest mixed use developments in the state, called the Noblesville Corporate Campus. A portion of the development is located within the township. When completed, it will include a large industrial/commercial park, several housing developments, hotels, greenspace and a large outdoor shopping center called Hamilton Town Center, being built by the Simon Property Group, headquartered in nearby Indianapolis.", "title": "Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WQLN-FM (91.3 FM, \"Q-91.3 FM\") is a National Public Radio member station that serves the Erie, Pennsylvania, area of the United States. Its studios are located in Erie.", "title": "WQLN-FM" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Braddon (postcode: 2612) is an inner north suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia located adjacent to the Canberra CBD.", "title": "Braddon, Australian Capital Territory" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Arcadia is a town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,666 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Arcadia, Indiana" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The capital city, Washington, District of Columbia, is a federal district located on land donated by the state of Maryland. (Virginia had also donated land, but it was returned in 1849.) The United States also has overseas territories with varying levels of independence and organization: in the Caribbean the territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and in the Pacific the inhabited territories of Guam, American Samoa, and the Northern Mariana Islands, along with a number of uninhabited island territories.", "title": "Geography of the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Changa is a town in the Islamabad Capital Territory of Pakistan. It is located at 33° 19' 20N 73° 22' 55E with an altitude of 495 metres (1627 feet).", "title": "Changa, Pakistan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Kingston Powerhouse" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While many hospitals in Australia have the capability to treat burns, there are currently 13 designated burns units across Australia. Most states have one centre for adults and another for children; all units are located in a state/territorial capital city.", "title": "List of burn centres in Australia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bageshwar is a town and a municipal board in Bageshwar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at a distance of 470 km from the National Capital New Delhi and 332 km from the State Capital Dehradun. Bageshwar is known for its scenic beauty, Glaciers, Rivers and Temples. It is also the administrative headquarters of Bageshwar district.", "title": "Bageshwar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Gudgenby River" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.", "title": "Wardville, Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orroral River, a perennial stream of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "title": "Orroral River" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Federal Capital Territory (FCT) was formed from New South Wales in 1911 to provide a location for the proposed new federal capital of Canberra (Melbourne was the seat of government from 1901 to 1927). The FCT was renamed the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) in 1938. The Northern Territory was transferred from the control of the South Australian government to the Commonwealth in 1911.", "title": "History of Australia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "CJAQ-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts at 96.9 FM in Calgary, Alberta. The station uses the on-air brand name Jack FM. It is the second Jack FM station in Canada and the world, after its sister CJAX-FM in Vancouver. CJAQ's studios are located on 7th Avenue Southwest in downtown Calgary, while its transmitter is located on Patina Hill Drive Southwest in the Prominence Point neighbourhood in west Calgary.", "title": "CJAQ-FM" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WJCF-FM (88.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Morristown, Indiana, United States. The station is owned by New Beginnings Movement, Inc. The studios are in an 1880s home on Wood Street in Greenfield, Indiana.", "title": "WJCF-FM" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mareotis Fossae is a group of fossae (troughs) in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 44° north latitude and 75.3° west longitude. It is about 1,860 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 32N, 96W.", "title": "Mareotis Fossae" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tantalus Fossae is a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 50.9° north latitude and 97.5° west longitude. They are about 2,400 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 35N, 110W. Troughs like this one are called fossae on Mars.", "title": "Tantalus Fossae" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tempe Fossae are a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 40.2° north latitude and 71.4° west longitude. They are about 2,000 km long and were named after an albedo feature at 40N, 70W.", "title": "Tempe Fossae" } ]	What is the capital of the county where Arcadia is located, in the state where WJCF-FM resides?	Noblesville	[]	Title: Arcadia, Indiana Passage: Arcadia is a town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,666 at the 2010 census. Title: Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana Passage: Wayne Township is one of nine townships in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States and serves as one of two townships within Noblesville, Indiana's jurisdiction. As of the 2010 census, its population was 7,886 and it contained 3,252 housing units, an increase from 2415 in 2000, as Noblesville continues to expand eastward and Fishers reaches its northern limits. In 2007, Noblesville officially opened one of the largest mixed use developments in the state, called the Noblesville Corporate Campus. A portion of the development is located within the township. When completed, it will include a large industrial/commercial park, several housing developments, hotels, greenspace and a large outdoor shopping center called Hamilton Town Center, being built by the Simon Property Group, headquartered in nearby Indianapolis. Title: Gudgenby River Passage: The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Title: WJCF-FM Passage: WJCF-FM (88.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Morristown, Indiana, United States. The station is owned by New Beginnings Movement, Inc. The studios are in an 1880s home on Wood Street in Greenfield, Indiana. Title: WQLN-FM Passage: WQLN-FM (91.3 FM, "Q-91.3 FM") is a National Public Radio member station that serves the Erie, Pennsylvania, area of the United States. Its studios are located in Erie. Title: Mareotis Fossae Passage: Mareotis Fossae is a group of fossae (troughs) in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, located at 44° north latitude and 75.3° west longitude. It is about 1,860 km long and was named after an albedo feature at 32N, 96W.	[ "Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana", "Arcadia, Indiana", "WJCF-FM" ]
2hop__657848_93434	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Land of the Tiger is a BBC nature documentary series exploring the natural history of the Indian subcontinent, first transmitted in the UK on BBC Two in 1997. The production team covered the breadth and depth of India, from the Himalayan mountains in the north to the reef-fringed islands of the Indian Ocean, to capture footage of the country's wild places and charismatic wildlife.", "title": "Land of the Tiger" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hausstock is a mountain in the Glarus Alps, at an elevation of on the border between the cantons of Glarus and Graubünden. It overlooks the valleys of Linth and Sernf rivers in Glarus, and the valley of the Vorderrhein river in Graubünden. The Hausstock was the site of the 1799 withdrawal of the Russian army under General Alexander Suvorov. A well-known destination already in the nineteenth century with British and American climbers, the mountain remains popular with mountain climbers and skiers.", "title": "Hausstock" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hans Kammerlander (born 6 December 1956, Bolzano, South Tyrol, Italy) is an Italian mountaineer. He has climbed 13 of the 14 8000m peaks. In 1984, together with Reinhold Messner he was the first climber to traverse two 8000 m peaks before descending to base camp.", "title": "Hans Kammerlander" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gandhi first proposed a flag to the Indian National Congress in 1921. The flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya. In the centre was a traditional spinning wheel, symbolising Gandhi's goal of making Indians self - reliant by fabricating their own clothing. The design was then modified to include a white stripe in the centre for other religious communities, and provide a background for the spinning wheel. Subsequently, to avoid sectarian associations with the colour scheme, saffron, white and green were chosen for the three bands, representing courage and sacrifice, peace and truth, and faith and chivalry respectively.", "title": "Flag of India" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chloé Graftiaux (18 July 1987 in Brussels, Belgium – 21 August 2010 in Courmayeur, Italy) was a Belgian sport climber, who fell to her death on the Aiguille Noire de Peuterey in the Mont Blanc massif, aged 23.", "title": "Chloé Graftiaux" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Apache Drums is a 1951 American Technicolor Western film directed by Hugo Fregonese and produced by Val Lewton. The drama features Stephen McNally, Coleen Gray, and Willard Parker. The film was based on an original story: \"Stand at Spanish Boot\", by Harry Brown. \"Apache Drums\" was the last film Val Lewton produced before his death.", "title": "Apache Drums" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Green Valley, Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. Green Valley is east of Shawano. As of the 2010 census, its population was 133.", "title": "Green Valley (CDP), Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Maharaj Krishan Kaushik (born May 2, 1955) is a former member of the India national field hockey team and former coach of the Indian women's national field hockey team. He was a member of the team when it won the gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.In 1998, he received the Arjuna Award. He also wrote the book \"The Golden Boot.\"", "title": "Maharaj Krishan Kaushik" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chris Omprakash Sharma (born April 23, 1981) is an American rock climber. In 2007, NPR wrote that Sharma was considered the world's best rock climber. He is known for being the world's first climber to redpoint a route (\"Jumbo love\", 2008) and the second to climb a and a route (respectively, \"Realization\" in 2001 and \"La Dura Dura\" in 2013). He is also known for climbing the world's first and deep-water solo routes (\"Es Pontàs\" in 2007 and \"Alasha\" in 2017). He bolted and first ascended many of the hardest lines of the Catalonia region in Spain. In 2015, he opened the gym Sharma Climbing BCN in Barcelona. In 2019 he plans to open Europe's largest climbing gym in Madrid, Spain.", "title": "Chris Sharma" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bachendri Pal (Hindi: बचेंद्री पाल) In 1984 became the first Indian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest Prem Lata Agarwal (Hindi: प्रेम लता अग्रवाल) Summiting Mount Everest (2011) The first Indian woman - mountaineer to complete the seven summits and the oldest Indian women mountaineer to summit Mount Everest at an age of 48 years See also Category: Indian summiters of Mount Everest", "title": "List of Mount Everest records of India" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The mount point for the EFI system partition is usually / boot / efi, where its content is accessible after Linux is booted.", "title": "EFI system partition" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Golden Boot World Cup Golden Boot Goals Silver Boot Goals Bronze Boot Goals 2010 South Africa Thomas Müller 5 David Villa 5 Wesley Sneijder 5 2014 Brazil James Rodríguez 6 Thomas Müller 5 Neymar 2018 Russia Harry Kane 6 Antoine Griezmann Romelu Lukaku", "title": "FIFA World Cup awards" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miroslav Šmíd, Ing. (1952, Police nad Metují, Czechoslovakia – 11 September 1993, Lost Arrow, Yosemite National Park, USA) was a Czech rock climber, solo climber, mountaineer, mountain cinematographer and photographer. He also organized climbing and cultural events. In 1981 he founded The International Festival of Mountaineering Films () in Teplice nad Metují. He also wrote several books.", "title": "Miroslav Šmíd" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Contestant Profession Status Notes Shantanu Maheshwari Indian TV actor, dancer and choreographer Winner on 30 September 2017 1st Place Hina Khan Indian TV actress 1st Runner Up 2nd Place Ravi Dubey Indian TV actor 2nd Runner Up 3rd Place Monica Dogra American musician and actress Eliminated on 13 August 2017 returned on 2 September 2017 Eliminated on 30 September 2017 (Finalist) 4th place Nia Sharma Indian TV actress Eliminated on 6 August 2017 returned on 12 August 2017 eliminated again on 27 August 2017 returned again on 2 September 2017 Eliminated on 30 September (Finalist) 5th place Lopamudra Raut Indian model Eliminated on 24 September 2017 6th place (semi-finalist) Rithvik Dhanjani Indian TV actor Eliminated on 24 September 2017 7th place (semi-finalist) Karan Wahi Indian TV actor Eliminated on 10 September 2017 8th place Geeta Phogat Wrestler Eliminated on 3 September 2017 9th place Manveer Gurjar Bigg Boss 10 winner Eliminated on 20 August 2017 10th place Shiny Doshi Indian TV actress and model Eliminated on 30 July 2017 11th place Shibani Dandekar Indian TV actress, singer and model Eliminated on 29 July 2017 12th place", "title": "Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi 8" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Asim Mukhopadhyay (, also known as Asim Mukherjee ) is a famous figure in the history of mountaineering in West Bengal, India. He is the pioneer in India for organizing high altitude scientific expeditions in the Himalayan region. He took part in many such expeditions as a climber between 1959 and 1974, and organised a few more in that period and later as an administrator. He was one of the main organisers of the first successful climbing on Nanda Ghunti and Tirsuli peaks by any non-government Indian organisation. Mukhopadhyay is also known for his vast knowledge on Pali, Buddhist literature and culture.", "title": "Asim Mukhopadhyay" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Green Boots is the name given to the unidentified corpse of a climber that became a landmark on the main Northeast ridge route of Mount Everest. Though his identity has not been officially confirmed, he is believed to be Tsewang Paljor, an Indian climber who died on Mount Everest in 1996. The term \"Green Boots\" originated from the green Koflach mountaineering boots that are on the feet of the corpse. All expeditions from the north side encountered the body curled in the limestone alcove cave at . In 2006, a different climber, David Sharp, died during a solo climb in what is known as \"Green Boots' Cave\".", "title": "Green Boots" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jet-Boot Jack is a platform game first published for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers by English Software in 1983. It was ported to a number of other systems and was followed by a sequel: \"Legend of the Knucker-Hole\".", "title": "Jet-Boot Jack" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Walton Patey (20 February 1932 – 25 May 1970) was a Scottish climber, mountaineer, doctor and writer. He was a leading Scottish climber of his day, particularly excelling on winter routes. He died in a climbing accident at the age of 38. He was probably best known for his humorous songs and prose about climbing, many of which were published posthumously in the collection \"One Man's Mountains\".", "title": "Tom Patey" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lhakpa Sherpa (also Lakpa) (born 1973) is a mountain climber. She has climbed Mount Everest eight times, the most of any woman in the world. In 2000, she became the first Nepalese woman to climb and descend Everest successfully.", "title": "Lhakpa Sherpa" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Legend has it that Slogen was first climbed in 1870 by Jon Klokk. Later on that year it was climbed by the famous climber and alpine explorer William Cecil Slingsby. The latter wrote about the view from Slogen as \"one of the proudest in Europe\".", "title": "Slogen" } ]	Who was the first Indian to climb the mountain where Green Boots died?	Bachendri Pal	[]	Title: Maharaj Krishan Kaushik Passage: Maharaj Krishan Kaushik (born May 2, 1955) is a former member of the India national field hockey team and former coach of the Indian women's national field hockey team. He was a member of the team when it won the gold medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.In 1998, he received the Arjuna Award. He also wrote the book "The Golden Boot." Title: Jet-Boot Jack Passage: Jet-Boot Jack is a platform game first published for the Atari 8-bit family of home computers by English Software in 1983. It was ported to a number of other systems and was followed by a sequel: "Legend of the Knucker-Hole". Title: List of Mount Everest records of India Passage: Bachendri Pal (Hindi: बचेंद्री पाल) In 1984 became the first Indian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest Prem Lata Agarwal (Hindi: प्रेम लता अग्रवाल) Summiting Mount Everest (2011) The first Indian woman - mountaineer to complete the seven summits and the oldest Indian women mountaineer to summit Mount Everest at an age of 48 years See also Category: Indian summiters of Mount Everest Title: Chris Sharma Passage: Chris Omprakash Sharma (born April 23, 1981) is an American rock climber. In 2007, NPR wrote that Sharma was considered the world's best rock climber. He is known for being the world's first climber to redpoint a route ("Jumbo love", 2008) and the second to climb a and a route (respectively, "Realization" in 2001 and "La Dura Dura" in 2013). He is also known for climbing the world's first and deep-water solo routes ("Es Pontàs" in 2007 and "Alasha" in 2017). He bolted and first ascended many of the hardest lines of the Catalonia region in Spain. In 2015, he opened the gym Sharma Climbing BCN in Barcelona. In 2019 he plans to open Europe's largest climbing gym in Madrid, Spain. Title: Green Boots Passage: Green Boots is the name given to the unidentified corpse of a climber that became a landmark on the main Northeast ridge route of Mount Everest. Though his identity has not been officially confirmed, he is believed to be Tsewang Paljor, an Indian climber who died on Mount Everest in 1996. The term "Green Boots" originated from the green Koflach mountaineering boots that are on the feet of the corpse. All expeditions from the north side encountered the body curled in the limestone alcove cave at . In 2006, a different climber, David Sharp, died during a solo climb in what is known as "Green Boots' Cave". Title: Tom Patey Passage: Thomas Walton Patey (20 February 1932 – 25 May 1970) was a Scottish climber, mountaineer, doctor and writer. He was a leading Scottish climber of his day, particularly excelling on winter routes. He died in a climbing accident at the age of 38. He was probably best known for his humorous songs and prose about climbing, many of which were published posthumously in the collection "One Man's Mountains".	[ "List of Mount Everest records of India", "Green Boots" ]
2hop__105309_3836	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as \"Lucky Cloud\". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shinji Ilabas Mo Na Ang Helicopter is the second studio album by the Filipino dance-punk band Pedicab, released July 11, 2008 on MCA Records.", "title": "Shinji Ilabas Mo Na Ang Helicopter" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with ``JULY IV MDCCLXXVI ''(July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet as she walks forward. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.", "title": "Statue of Liberty" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics torch relay began 24 October 2017 and ended on 9 February 2018, in advance of the 2018 Winter Olympics. After being lit in Olympia, Greece, the torch traveled to Athens on 31 October. The torch began its Korean journey on 1 November, visiting all Regions of Korea. The Korean leg began in Incheon: the torch travelled across the country for 101 days. 7,500 relay runners participated in the torch relay over a distance of 2,017 km. The torchbearers each carried the flame for 200 metres. The relay ended in Pyeongchang's Olympic Stadium, the main venue of the 2018 Olympics. The final torch was lit by figure skater Yuna Kim.", "title": "2018 Winter Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun River via a dragon boat, which had been never used before in the history of Olympic torch relays), Victoria Harbour (crossed by Tin Hau, a VIP vessel managed by the Marine Department) before ending in Golden Bauhinia Square in Wan Chai. A total of 120 torchbearers were selected to participate in the event consisting of celebrities, athletes and pro-Beijing camp politicians. No politicians from the pro-democracy camp were selected as torchbearers. One torchbearer could not participate due to flight delay. It was estimated that more than 200,000 spectators came out and watched the relay. Many enthusiastic supporters wore red shirts and waved large Chinese flags. According to Hong Kong Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang, 3,000 police were deployed to ensure order.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On April 17, Xinhua condemned what it called \"biased coverage of the Lhasa riots and the Olympic torch relay by the U.S.-based Cable News Network (CNN)\". The same day, the Chinese government called on CNN to \"apologise\" for having allegedly insulted the Chinese people, and for \"attempting to incite the Chinese people against the government\". CNN issued a statement on April 14, responded to China over 'thugs and goons' comment by Jack Cafferty.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Internationally, the torch and its accompanying party traveled in a chartered Air China Airbus A330 (registered B-6075), painted in the red and yellow colors of the Olympic Games. Air China was chosen by the Beijing Committees of the Olympic Game as the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008 for its long-standing participation in the Olympic cause. The plane traveled a total of 137,000 km (85,000 mi) for a duration of 130 days through 21 countries and regions.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SCKBSTD is a musical with music and lyrics by Bruce Hornsby, Chip deMatteo and a book by Clay McLeod Chapman. The story is about what happens to a family when a mysterious stranger arrives in a small town bringing fear and paranoia in his wake.", "title": "SCKBSTD" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1950 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 3 September 1950 at Monza. It was race 7 of 7 in the 1950 World Championship of Drivers. In this race, Nino Farina became the first World Drivers' Champion, and the only driver to win the title in his home country.", "title": "1950 Italian Grand Prix" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On April 1, 2008, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco on April 9. The resolution would welcome the torch with \"alarm and protest at the failure of China to meet its past solemn promises to the international community, including the citizens of San Francisco, to cease the egregious and ongoing human rights abuses in China and occupied Tibet.\" On April 8, numerous protests were planned including one at the city's United Nations Plaza led by actor Richard Gere and Archbishop Desmond Tutu.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HMS \"Driver\" was a \"Driver\"-class wooden paddle sloop of the Royal Navy. She is credited with the first global circumnavigation by a steamship when she arrived back in England on 14 May 1847.", "title": "HMS Driver (1840)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Korea: The event was held in Pyongyang on April 28. It was the first time that the Olympic torch has traveled to North Korea. A crowd of thousands waving pink paper flowers and small flags with the Beijing Olympics logo were organized by the authoritarian regime watched the beginning of the relay in Pyongyang, some waving Chinese flags. The event was presided over by the head of the country's parliament, Kim Yong Nam. The North, an ally of China, has been critical of disruptions to the torch relay elsewhere and has supported Beijing in its actions against protests in Tibet. Kim passed the torch to the first runner Pak Du Ik, who played on North Korea's 1966 World Cup soccer team, as he began the 19-kilometre route through Pyongyang. The relay began from the large sculpted flame of the obelisk of the Juche Tower, which commemorates the national ideology of Juche, or \"self-reliance\", created by the country's late founding President Kim Il Sung, father of leader Kim Jong Il, who did not attend.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some advocates for Tibet, Darfur, and the spiritual practice Falun Gong, planned to protest the April 9 arrival of the torch in San Francisco. China had already requested the torch route in San Francisco be shortened. On April 7, 2008, two days prior to the actual torch relay, three activists carrying Tibetan flags scaled the suspension cables of the Golden Gate Bridge to unfurl two banners, one saying \"One World, One Dream. Free Tibet\", and the other, \"Free Tibet '08\". Among them was San Francisco resident Laurel Sutherlin, who spoke to the local TV station KPIX-CBS5 live from a cellphone, urging the International Olympic Committee to ask China not to allow the torch to go through Tibet. \"Sutherlin said he was worried that the torch's planned route through Tibet would lead to more arrests and Chinese officials would use force to stifle dissent.\" The three activists and five supporters face charges related to trespassing, conspiracy and causing a public nuisance.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Pedicab Driver () is a 1989 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by and starring Sammo Hung, who portrays the leader of a crew of cycle rickshaw drivers in 1930s Macau.", "title": "Pedicab Driver" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with ``JULY IV MDCCLXXVI ''(July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.", "title": "Statue of Liberty" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On July 30, 1916, during World War I, German saboteurs set off a disastrous explosion on the Black Tom peninsula in Jersey City, New Jersey, in what is now part of Liberty State Park, close to Bedloe's Island. Carloads of dynamite and other explosives that were being sent to Britain and France for their war efforts were detonated, and seven people were killed. The statue sustained minor damage, mostly to the torch - bearing right arm, and was closed for ten days. The cost to repair the statue and buildings on the island was about US $100,000 (equivalent to $2,200,917 in 2016). The narrow ascent to the torch was closed for public - safety reasons, and it has remained closed ever since.", "title": "Statue of Liberty" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period. The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake.", "title": "2008 Sichuan earthquake" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kazakhstan: The first torchbearer in Almaty, where the Olympic torch arrived for the first time ever on April 2, was the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbaev. The route ran 20 km from Medeo stadium to Astana Square. There were reports that Uighur activists were arrested and some were deported back to China.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" } ]	When did the torch arrive in the country that released Pedicab Driver?	May 2	[]	Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun River via a dragon boat, which had been never used before in the history of Olympic torch relays), Victoria Harbour (crossed by Tin Hau, a VIP vessel managed by the Marine Department) before ending in Golden Bauhinia Square in Wan Chai. A total of 120 torchbearers were selected to participate in the event consisting of celebrities, athletes and pro-Beijing camp politicians. No politicians from the pro-democracy camp were selected as torchbearers. One torchbearer could not participate due to flight delay. It was estimated that more than 200,000 spectators came out and watched the relay. Many enthusiastic supporters wore red shirts and waved large Chinese flags. According to Hong Kong Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang, 3,000 police were deployed to ensure order. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Internationally, the torch and its accompanying party traveled in a chartered Air China Airbus A330 (registered B-6075), painted in the red and yellow colors of the Olympic Games. Air China was chosen by the Beijing Committees of the Olympic Game as the designated Olympic torch carrier in March 2008 for its long-standing participation in the Olympic cause. The plane traveled a total of 137,000 km (85,000 mi) for a duration of 130 days through 21 countries and regions. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as "Lucky Cloud". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. Title: SCKBSTD Passage: SCKBSTD is a musical with music and lyrics by Bruce Hornsby, Chip deMatteo and a book by Clay McLeod Chapman. The story is about what happens to a family when a mysterious stranger arrives in a small town bringing fear and paranoia in his wake. Title: Pedicab Driver Passage: Pedicab Driver () is a 1989 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by and starring Sammo Hung, who portrays the leader of a crew of cycle rickshaw drivers in 1930s Macau. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.	[ "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "Pedicab Driver" ]
2hop__467860_91604	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George VI's reign saw the acceleration of the dissolution of the British Empire. The Statute of Westminster 1931 had already acknowledged the evolution of the Dominions into separate sovereign states. The process of transformation from an empire to a voluntary association of independent states, known as the Commonwealth, gathered pace after the Second World War. During the ministry of Clement Attlee, British India became the two independent dominions of India and Pakistan in 1947. George relinquished the title of Emperor of India, and became King of India and King of Pakistan instead. In 1950 he ceased to be King of India when it became a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations, but he remained King of Pakistan until his death and India recognised his new title of Head of the Commonwealth. Other countries left the Commonwealth, such as Burma in January 1948, Palestine (divided between Israel and the Arab states) in May 1948 and the Republic of Ireland in 1949.", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the Monroe Doctrine, the United States gained a major influence on most Caribbean nations. In the early part of the twentieth century this influence was extended by participation in The Banana Wars. Areas outside British or French control became known in Europe as ``America's tropical empire ''.", "title": "History of the Caribbean" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded history of the region dates back to about 500 BCE when much, if not all, of modern Tajikistan was part of the Achaemenid Empire. Some authors have also suggested that in the 7th and 6th century BCE parts of modern Tajikistan, including territories in the Zeravshan valley, formed part of Kambojas before it became part of the Achaemenid Empire. After the region's conquest by Alexander the Great it became part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, a successor state of Alexander's empire. Northern Tajikistan (the cities of Khujand and Panjakent) was part of Sogdia, a collection of city-states which was overrun by Scythians and Yuezhi nomadic tribes around 150 BCE. The Silk Road passed through the region and following the expedition of Chinese explorer Zhang Qian during the reign of Wudi (141–87 BCE) commercial relations between Han China and Sogdiana flourished. Sogdians played a major role in facilitating trade and also worked in other capacities, as farmers, carpetweavers, glassmakers, and woodcarvers.", "title": "Tajikistan" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kreta Ayer Single Member Constituency is a former defunct Single Member Constituency spanning Chinatown and Raffles Place of Singapore. It was there since 1959 to 1997, until it absorbed into Kreta Ayer-Tanglin GRC.", "title": "Kreta Ayer Single Member Constituency" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 7 June 1823, John Crawfurd signed a second treaty with the Sultan and Temenggong, which extended British possession to most of the island. The Sultan and Temenggong traded most of their administrative rights of the island, including the collection of port taxes for lifelong monthly payments of $1500 and $800 respectively. This agreement brought the island under the British Law, with the provision that it would take into account Malay customs, traditions and religion. Raffles replaced Farquhar with John Crawfurd, an efficient and frugal administrator, as the new governor. In October 1823, Raffles departed for Britain and would never return to Singapore as he died in 1826, at the age of 44. In 1824, Singapore was ceded in perpetuity to the East India Company by the Sultan.", "title": "History of Singapore" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him.", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.", "title": "History of South Africa" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The name was changed from Saxe - Coburg and Gotha to the English Windsor in 1917 because of anti-German sentiment in the British Empire during World War I. During the reign of the Windsors, major changes took place in British society. The British Empire participated in the First and Second World Wars, ending up on the winning side both times, but subsequently lost its status as a superpower during decolonisation. Much of Ireland broke with the United Kingdom and the remnants of the Empire became the Commonwealth of Nations.", "title": "House of Windsor" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1885, British claims to a West African sphere of influence received recognition from other European nations at the Berlin Conference. The following year, it chartered the Royal Niger Company under the leadership of Sir George Taubman Goldie. In 1900 the company's territory came under the control of the British government, which moved to consolidate its hold over the area of modern Nigeria. On 1 January 1901, Nigeria became a British protectorate, and part of the British Empire, the foremost world power at the time. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the independent kingdoms of what would become Nigeria fought a number of conflicts against the British Empire's efforts to expand its territory. By war, the British conquered Benin in 1897, and, in the Anglo-Aro War (1901–1902), defeated other opponents. The restraint or conquest of these states opened up the Niger area to British rule.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the foundation of the Order, the \"Medal of the Order of the British Empire\" was instituted, to serve as a lower award granting recipients affiliation but not membership. In 1922, this was renamed the \"British Empire Medal\". It stopped being awarded by the United Kingdom as part of the 1993 reforms to the honours system, but was again awarded beginning in 2012, starting with 293 BEMs awarded for the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. In addition, the BEM is awarded by the Cook Islands and by some other Commonwealth nations. In 2004, a report entitled \"A Matter of Honour: Reforming Our Honours System\" by a Commons committee recommended to phase out the Order of the British Empire, as its title was \"now considered to be unacceptable, being thought to embody values that are no longer shared by many of the country’s population\".", "title": "Order of the British Empire" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chinatown Family is a 1948 novel by Lin Yutang set in New York City's Chinatown of the 1920s and 1930s, concerning the experiences of the Fongs, a Chinese-American family in becoming successful by hard work and endurance in a sometimes less than welcoming America.", "title": "Chinatown Family" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cyprus was part of the British Empire, as a Military occupation from 1914 -- 1925, and a Crown colony from 1925 -- 1960. Cyprus became an independent nation in 1960.", "title": "History of Cyprus since 1878" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States customary units are a system of measurements commonly used in the United States. The United States customary system (USCS or USC) developed from English units which were in use in the British Empire before the U.S. became an independent country. However, the United Kingdom's system of measures was overhauled in 1824 to create the imperial system, changing the definitions of some units. Therefore, while many U.S. units are essentially similar to their Imperial counterparts, there are significant differences between the systems.", "title": "United States customary units" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British conquered Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony. Myanmar became an independent nation in 1948, initially as a democratic nation and then, following a coup d'état in 1962, a military dictatorship.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Şahin Bey's return to the Western front would come after the Ottoman Empire entered the World War I on the side of the Central Powers. He was sent to Galicia to help the allies of the empire. He was later transferred to the Middle Eastern front of the war, specifically to Sinai in 1917. There he took part in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign which resulted with another defeat for the Ottoman-German alliance. Şahin Bey became a prisoner of war in the hands of the British forces. He was not released until 1919.", "title": "Şahin Bey" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "If the British Empire was now going to side with the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire had no choice but to cultivate a relationship with the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which was supported by the German Empire. In a few years these alignments became the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance (already formed in 1882), which were in part a cause of World War I. By its end in 1918 three empires were gone, a fourth was about to fall to revolution, and two more, the British and French, were forced to yield in revolutions started under the aegis of their own ideologies.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted.", "title": "History of South Africa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The British Empire, consolidated during the period of British maritime hegemony in the 19th century, became the largest empire in history by virtue of the improved transportation technologies of the time. At its height, the British Empire covered a quarter of the Earth's land area and comprised a quarter of its population. During the New Imperialism, Italy and Germany also built their colonial empires in Africa.", "title": "Colonial empire" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This period also saw some contacts with Jesuits and Capuchins from Europe, and in 1774 a Scottish nobleman, George Bogle, came to Shigatse to investigate prospects of trade for the British East India Company. However, in the 19th century the situation of foreigners in Tibet grew more tenuous. The British Empire was encroaching from northern India into the Himalayas, the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Russian Empire were expanding into Central Asia and each power became suspicious of the others' intentions in Tibet.", "title": "Tibet" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of El Salvador begins with several Mesoamerican nations, especially the Cuzcatlecs, as well as the Lenca and Maya. In the early 16th century, the Spanish Empire conquered the territory, incorporating it into the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled from Mexico City. In 1821, the country achieved independence from Spain as part of the First Mexican Empire, only to further secede as part of the Federal Republic of Central America in 1823. Upon the republic's dissolution in 1841, El Salvador became sovereign until forming a short - lived union with Honduras and Nicaragua called the Greater Republic of Central America, which lasted from 1895 to 1898.", "title": "History of El Salvador" } ]	When did Chinatown become part of the British Empire?	7 June 1823	[]	Title: George VI Passage: During George's reign the break-up of the British Empire and its transition into the Commonwealth of Nations accelerated. The parliament of the Irish Free State removed direct mention of the monarch from the country's constitution on the day of his accession. From 1939, the Empire and Commonwealth, except Ireland, was at war with Nazi Germany. War with Italy and Japan followed in 1940 and 1941, respectively. Though Britain and its allies were ultimately victorious in 1945, the United States and the Soviet Union rose as pre-eminent world powers and the British Empire declined. After the independence of India and Pakistan in 1947, George remained as king of both countries, but the title Emperor of India was abandoned in June 1948. Ireland formally declared itself a republic and left the Commonwealth in 1949, and India became a republic within the Commonwealth the following year. George adopted the new title of Head of the Commonwealth. He was beset by health problems in the later years of his reign. His elder daughter, Elizabeth, succeeded him. Title: Kreta Ayer Single Member Constituency Passage: Kreta Ayer Single Member Constituency is a former defunct Single Member Constituency spanning Chinatown and Raffles Place of Singapore. It was there since 1959 to 1997, until it absorbed into Kreta Ayer-Tanglin GRC. Title: History of Singapore Passage: On 7 June 1823, John Crawfurd signed a second treaty with the Sultan and Temenggong, which extended British possession to most of the island. The Sultan and Temenggong traded most of their administrative rights of the island, including the collection of port taxes for lifelong monthly payments of $1500 and $800 respectively. This agreement brought the island under the British Law, with the provision that it would take into account Malay customs, traditions and religion. Raffles replaced Farquhar with John Crawfurd, an efficient and frugal administrator, as the new governor. In October 1823, Raffles departed for Britain and would never return to Singapore as he died in 1826, at the age of 44. In 1824, Singapore was ceded in perpetuity to the East India Company by the Sultan. Title: Tibet Passage: This period also saw some contacts with Jesuits and Capuchins from Europe, and in 1774 a Scottish nobleman, George Bogle, came to Shigatse to investigate prospects of trade for the British East India Company. However, in the 19th century the situation of foreigners in Tibet grew more tenuous. The British Empire was encroaching from northern India into the Himalayas, the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Russian Empire were expanding into Central Asia and each power became suspicious of the others' intentions in Tibet. Title: Nigeria Passage: In 1885, British claims to a West African sphere of influence received recognition from other European nations at the Berlin Conference. The following year, it chartered the Royal Niger Company under the leadership of Sir George Taubman Goldie. In 1900 the company's territory came under the control of the British government, which moved to consolidate its hold over the area of modern Nigeria. On 1 January 1901, Nigeria became a British protectorate, and part of the British Empire, the foremost world power at the time. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the independent kingdoms of what would become Nigeria fought a number of conflicts against the British Empire's efforts to expand its territory. By war, the British conquered Benin in 1897, and, in the Anglo-Aro War (1901–1902), defeated other opponents. The restraint or conquest of these states opened up the Niger area to British rule. Title: Myanmar Passage: Early civilisations in Myanmar included the Tibeto-Burman-speaking Pyu city-states in Upper Burma and the Mon kingdoms in Lower Burma. In the 9th century, the Bamar people entered the upper Irrawaddy valley and, following the establishment of the Pagan Kingdom in the 1050s, the Burmese language, culture and Theravada Buddhism slowly became dominant in the country. The Pagan Kingdom fell due to the Mongol invasions and several warring states emerged. In the 16th century, reunified by the Taungoo Dynasty, the country was for a brief period the largest empire in the history of Southeast Asia. The early 19th century Konbaung Dynasty ruled over an area that included modern Myanmar and briefly controlled Manipur and Assam as well. The British conquered Myanmar after three Anglo-Burmese Wars in the 19th century and the country became a British colony. Myanmar became an independent nation in 1948, initially as a democratic nation and then, following a coup d'état in 1962, a military dictatorship.	[ "Kreta Ayer Single Member Constituency", "History of Singapore" ]
2hop__12460_24607	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Confederate Arizona, commonly referred to as Arizona Territory, and officially the Territory of Arizona, was a territory claimed by the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War, between 1861 and 1865. Delegates to secession conventions had voted in March 1861 to secede from the New Mexico Territory and the United States, and seek to join the Confederacy. It consisted of the portion of the New Mexico Territory south of the 34th parallel, including parts of the modern states of New Mexico and Arizona. Its capital was Mesilla along the southern border. The Confederate territory overlapped the Arizona Territory later established by the Union government in 1863.", "title": "Confederate Arizona" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Donald Trump won Wisconsin by a narrow margin of 47.2% to 46.5% for Hillary Clinton, thanks to overwhelming and underestimated support from white working class voters which the Democrats had previously had an advantage with, making him the first Republican candidate to carry the state since Ronald Reagan in 1984. On November 25, an irregularity was discovered by officials in Outagamie County, that resulted in the pre-official vote totals being reported incorrectly. This irregularity was due to a calculator error. It was corrected in the official vote totals. Following a statewide recount requested by Jill Stein's campaign, Trump was certified to have won Wisconsin by a narrow margin -- 1,405,284 votes to Clinton's 1,382,536.", "title": "2016 United States presidential election in Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Florida, a swing state, had a major recount dispute that took center stage in the election. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days, but the result in Florida would have been decisive however those two states had voted.", "title": "2000 United States presidential election in Florida" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first coin minted under the act, and therefore the first official coin of the United States, was the half disme. According to legend these first half disme coins were minted from Martha Washington's silverware.", "title": "Numismatic history of the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 17 April 1861, five days after the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, the legislature voted to secede from the United States and joined the Confederacy. Official action came in May, after the Confederacy promised to move its national capital to Richmond. The city was at the end of a long supply line, which made it somewhat difficult to defend, although supplies continued to reach the city by canal and wagon for years, since it was protected by the Army of Northern Virginia and arguably the Confederacy's best troops and commanders. It became the main target of Union armies, especially in the campaigns of 1862 and 1864-5.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After an intense recount process and the United States Supreme Court's decision in Bush v. Gore, Bush won Florida's electoral votes by a margin of only 537 votes out of almost six million cast and as a result became the president - elect. The process was extremely divisive, and led to calls for electoral reform in Florida.", "title": "2000 United States presidential election in Florida" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1860, North Carolina was a slave state, in which one-third of the population was enslaved. This was a smaller proportion than in many Southern states. The state did not vote to join the Confederacy until President Abraham Lincoln called on it to invade its sister state, South Carolina, becoming the last or second-to-last state to officially join the Confederacy. The title of \"last to join the Confederacy\" has been disputed; although Tennessee's informal secession on May 7, 1861, preceded North Carolina's official secession on May 20, the Tennessee legislature did not formally vote to secede until June 8, 1861.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Town Line is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 2,367 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The community is located on the boundary between the towns of Lancaster and Alden. Town Line is notable for having held a nonbinding vote to secede from the United States in 1861, and for having held a ceremonial vote to rejoin the United States in 1946.", "title": "Town Line, New York" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Until 1932 the generally accepted length of the Rhine was 1,230 kilometres (764 miles). In 1932 the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon stated the length as 1,320 kilometres (820 miles), presumably a typographical error. After this number was placed into the authoritative Brockhaus Enzyklopädie, it became generally accepted and found its way into numerous textbooks and official publications. The error was discovered in 2010, and the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat confirms the length at 1,232 kilometres (766 miles).[note 1]", "title": "Rhine" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 10, 1860 the S.C. General Assembly called for a ``Convention of the People of South Carolina ''to consider secession. Delegates were to be elected on December 6. The secession convention convened in Columbia on December 17 and voted unanimously, 169 - 0, to declare secession from the United States. The convention then adjourned to Charleston to draft an ordinance of secession. When the ordinance was adopted on December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first slave state in the south to declare that it had seceded from the United States. James Buchanan, the United States president, declared the ordinance illegal but did not act to stop it.", "title": "South Carolina in the American Civil War" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Early releases of the Washington coin included error coins shipped primarily from the Philadelphia mint to Florida and Tennessee banks. Highly sought after by collectors, and trading for as much as $850 each within a week of discovery, the error coins were identified by the absence of the edge impressions \"E PLURIBUS UNUM IN GOD WE TRUST 2007 P\". The mint of origin is generally accepted to be mostly Philadelphia, although identifying the source mint is impossible without opening a mint pack also containing marked units. Edge lettering is minted in both orientations with respect to \"heads\", some amateur collectors were initially duped into buying \"upside down lettering error\" coins. Some cynics also erroneously point out that the Federal Reserve makes more profit from dollar bills than dollar coins because they wear out in a few years, whereas coins are more permanent. The fallacy of this argument arises because new notes printed to replace worn out notes, which have been withdrawn from circulation, bring in no net revenue to the government to offset the costs of printing new notes and destroying the old ones. As most vending machines are incapable of making change in banknotes, they commonly accept only $1 bills, though a few will give change in dollar coins.", "title": "United States dollar" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the term \"the 51st state\" when applied to Canada can serve to highlight the similarities and close relationship between the United States and Canada. Sometimes the term is used disparagingly, intended to deride Canada as an unimportant neighbor. In the Quebec general election, 1989, the political party Parti 51 ran 11 candidates on a platform of Quebec seceding from Canada to join the United States (with its leader, André Perron, claiming Quebec could not survive as an independent nation). The party attracted just 3,846 votes across the province, 0.11% of the total votes cast. In comparison, the other parties in favour of sovereignty of Quebec in that election got 40.16% (PQ) and 1.22% (NPDQ).", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 30, 1968, the Jamaican House of Representatives voted to decimalize the currency by introducing the dollar, worth 10 shillings, to replace the Jamaican pound. Coins and banknotes went into circulation on September 8, 1969. The introduction of a decimal currency provided the opportunity for the introduction of a complete Jamaican coinage as formerly, the coins (with the exception of the penny and halfpenny), were the same as those used in the United Kingdom. The reverse of the decimal coinage was designed by Christopher Ironside, O.B.E.. These coins were in circulation from 1969 to about 1990.", "title": "Jamaican dollar" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "President James Monroe was authorized on March 3, 1821, to take possession of East Florida and West Florida for the United States and provide for initial governance. Andrew Jackson served as the federal military commissioner with the powers of governor of the newly - acquired territory, from March 10 through December of 1821. On March 30, 1822, the United States merged East Florida and part of what formerly constituted West Florida into the Florida Territory. William Pope Duval became the first official governor of the Florida Territory and soon afterward the capital was established at Tallahassee, but only after removing a Seminole tribe from the land.", "title": "Florida Territory" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2016 United States presidential election in Florida was won by Donald Trump on November 8, 2016, with a plurality of 49.0% of the popular vote that included a 1.2% winning margin over Hillary Clinton, who had 47.8% of the vote. Florida's 29 electoral votes were assigned to Trump.", "title": "2016 United States presidential election in Florida" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.)", "title": "Virginia in the American Civil War" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guam is governed by a popularly elected governor and a unicameral 15-member legislature, whose members are known as senators. Guam elects one non-voting delegate, currently Democrat Madeleine Z. Bordallo, to the United States House of Representatives. U.S. citizens in Guam vote in a straw poll for their choice in the U.S. Presidential general election, but since Guam has no votes in the Electoral College, the poll has no real effect. However, in sending delegates to the Republican and Democratic national conventions, Guam does have influence in the national presidential race. These delegates are elected by local party conventions.", "title": "Guam" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On election night, it was unclear who had won, with the electoral votes of the state of Florida still undecided. The returns showed that Bush had won Florida by such a close margin that state law required a recount. A month - long series of legal battles led to the contentious, 5 -- 4 Supreme Court decision of Bush v. Gore, which ended the recount. With the end of the recount, Bush won Florida by a margin of. 009%, or 537 votes. The Florida recount and subsequent litigation resulted in a major post-election controversy, and various individuals and organizations have speculated about who would have won the election in various scenarios. Ultimately, Bush won 271 electoral votes, one more than was necessary for the majority, and narrowly lost the popular vote to Gore.", "title": "2000 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "My Family's Got Guts is a family game show that aired on Nickelodeon. It was a revival of \"Guts\", and debuted on September 15, 2008. The show was taped in Sound Stages 23 and 24 at Universal Studios Florida, housing the Extreme Arena and the Aggro Crag, respectively. Stage 21, where the original \"Guts\" program taped, was most recently occupied by production of Impact Wrestling. This version is hosted by Ben Lyons and officiated by Australian celebrity Asha Kuerten. It was the first (and only) Nickelodeon production to be produced at Universal Studios Florida since the closing of Nickelodeon Studios in 2005. For unknown reasons, Season Two was never aired in North America.", "title": "My Family's Got Guts" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the Constitution of Estonia (Estonian: Põhiseadus) the supreme power of the state is vested in the people. The people exercise their supreme power of the state on the elections of the Riigikogu through citizens who have the right to vote. The supreme judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court or Riigikohus, with nineteen justices. The Chief Justice is appointed by the parliament for nine years on nomination by the president. The official Head of State is the President of Estonia, who gives assent to the laws passed by Riigikogu, also having the right of sending them back and proposing new laws.", "title": "Estonia" } ]	When did the US state getting error coins besides Florida officially vote to secede?	June 8, 1861	[]	Title: Numismatic history of the United States Passage: The first coin minted under the act, and therefore the first official coin of the United States, was the half disme. According to legend these first half disme coins were minted from Martha Washington's silverware. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: On 17 April 1861, five days after the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, the legislature voted to secede from the United States and joined the Confederacy. Official action came in May, after the Confederacy promised to move its national capital to Richmond. The city was at the end of a long supply line, which made it somewhat difficult to defend, although supplies continued to reach the city by canal and wagon for years, since it was protected by the Army of Northern Virginia and arguably the Confederacy's best troops and commanders. It became the main target of Union armies, especially in the campaigns of 1862 and 1864-5. Title: United States dollar Passage: Early releases of the Washington coin included error coins shipped primarily from the Philadelphia mint to Florida and Tennessee banks. Highly sought after by collectors, and trading for as much as $850 each within a week of discovery, the error coins were identified by the absence of the edge impressions "E PLURIBUS UNUM IN GOD WE TRUST 2007 P". The mint of origin is generally accepted to be mostly Philadelphia, although identifying the source mint is impossible without opening a mint pack also containing marked units. Edge lettering is minted in both orientations with respect to "heads", some amateur collectors were initially duped into buying "upside down lettering error" coins. Some cynics also erroneously point out that the Federal Reserve makes more profit from dollar bills than dollar coins because they wear out in a few years, whereas coins are more permanent. The fallacy of this argument arises because new notes printed to replace worn out notes, which have been withdrawn from circulation, bring in no net revenue to the government to offset the costs of printing new notes and destroying the old ones. As most vending machines are incapable of making change in banknotes, they commonly accept only $1 bills, though a few will give change in dollar coins. Title: Virginia in the American Civil War Passage: The Commonwealth of Virginia was a prominent part of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. As a slave - holding state, it held a state convention to deal with the secession crisis, and voted against secession on 4 April 1861. Opinion shifted after 15 April, when U.S. President Abraham Lincoln called for troops from all states still in the Union to put down the rebellion, following the capture of Fort Sumter, and the Virginia convention voted to declare secession from the Union. (In the Western counties, where there was little slavery, pro-Union sentiment remained strong, and they presently seceded from Virginia as a separate Union state, West Virginia.) Title: North Carolina Passage: In 1860, North Carolina was a slave state, in which one-third of the population was enslaved. This was a smaller proportion than in many Southern states. The state did not vote to join the Confederacy until President Abraham Lincoln called on it to invade its sister state, South Carolina, becoming the last or second-to-last state to officially join the Confederacy. The title of "last to join the Confederacy" has been disputed; although Tennessee's informal secession on May 7, 1861, preceded North Carolina's official secession on May 20, the Tennessee legislature did not formally vote to secede until June 8, 1861. Title: 2000 United States presidential election in Florida Passage: The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Florida, a swing state, had a major recount dispute that took center stage in the election. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days, but the result in Florida would have been decisive however those two states had voted.	[ "North Carolina", "United States dollar" ]
2hop__129098_55098	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Black River Falls Area Airport is a public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) south of the central business district of Black River Falls, a city in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States. It is owned by the city of Black River Falls and Jackson County.", "title": "Black River Falls Area Airport" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bluffton Township is a township in Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 474 at the 2000 census.", "title": "Bluffton Township, Otter Tail County, Minnesota" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thorofare is an unincorporated community located within West Deptford Township in Gloucester County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 08086.", "title": "Thorofare, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North American area code 432 is a state of Texas telephone area code in the Permian Basin area of the state including the cities of Midland and Odessa. It was created, along with area code 325, on April 5, 2003 in a split from area code 915.", "title": "Area code 432" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilsondale is an unincorporated community located in southern Wayne County, West Virginia, United States. Wilsondale has a post office with ZIP code 25699; as of the 2000 Census, the population of this ZIP Code Tabulation Area was 74. It is a part of the Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH, Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 288,649.", "title": "Wilsondale, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anahim Lake Airport, , is located south of Anahim Lake, British Columbia, Canada. It is a year-round airport serving the West Chilcotin area, operated by Cariboo Regional District.", "title": "Anahim Lake Airport" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "McAfee is an unincorporated community located within Vernon Township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07428.", "title": "McAfee, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tuntutuliak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Tuntutuliak, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Tuntutuliak Airport" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Area codes 208 and 986 are the North American telephone area codes for all of Idaho. 208 is the main area code, and is one of the 86 original area codes created in 1947. It was Idaho's sole area code until 2017, when 986 was added as an overlay for the entire state.", "title": "Area codes 208 and 986" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Savoonga Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) south of the central business district of Savoonga, a city in the Nome Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Savoonga is located on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea.", "title": "Savoonga Airport" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Code Created Region 216 1947 Cleveland (October 1947) 234 2000 Akron, Canton, Youngstown, and Warren, overlay with 330 330 Akron, Canton, Youngstown, and Warren, overlay with 234 380 2016 Columbus, overlay with 614 (February 27, 2016) 419 1947 Northwest and north central Ohio including Toledo, Sandusky, and Ashland, overlay with 567 (October, 1947) 440 1997 Part of Northeast Ohio including parts of Cleveland (August 16, 1997) 513 1947 Southwest Ohio including Cincinnati (October, 1947) 567 1947 Northwest and north central Ohio including Toledo, Sandusky, and Ashland, overlay with 419 (January 1, 2002) 614 1947 Columbus (October, 1947) 740 1997 Central and southeastern Ohio except Columbus (December 6, 1997) 220 1997 Central and southeastern Ohio except Columbus (December 6, 1997) 937 Southwestern part of Ohio including Springfield, Dayton, public parts of Wright - Patterson Air Force Base, and areas north of Cincinnati (September 28, 1996)", "title": "List of Ohio area codes" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bluffton Airport is a public use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) southeast of the central business district of Bluffton, in Hancock County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Village of Bluffton. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a \"general aviation\" facility.", "title": "Bluffton Airport" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mariemont City School District is located east of Cincinnati, Ohio, United States and includes the villages of Fairfax, Terrace Park, Mariemont, and the unincorporated areas of Plainville and Williams' Meadow. The district can trace its founding to April 14, 1879.", "title": "Mariemont City School District" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Port Elizabeth is an unincorporated community located within Maurice River Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 08348.", "title": "Port Elizabeth, New Jersey" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manokotak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one mile (2 km) north of the central business district of Manokotak, a city in the Dillingham Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Manokotak Airport" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ozol is an unincorporated community in Contra Costa County, California, United States. It is located on the Southern Pacific Railroad west-northwest of Martinez, at an elevation of 7 feet (2 m). The ZIP Code is 94553. The community is inside area code 925.", "title": "Ozol, California" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sheridan is a census-designated place in Placer County, California, United States. It is located at the western edge of the county, along State Route 65. Sheridan is northwest of Lincoln. Its ZIP code is 95681 and area code 530. The elevation is . The population was 1,238 at the 2010 census.", "title": "Sheridan, California" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Area code 575 is an area code in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It serves the remainder of the state outside the Albuquerque, Santa Fe, Farmington, and Gallup metropolitan and micropolitan areas, which remain in area code 505. The new code became effective on October 7, 2007, splitting from area code 505.", "title": "Area code 575" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Platinum Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located in Platinum, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.", "title": "Platinum Airport" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louisville International Airport (IATA: SDF, ICAO: KSDF, FAA LID: SDF) is a public and military use public airport centrally located in the city of Louisville in Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States. The airport is situated on approximately 1,500 acres (6.1 km) and has three runways. Its IATA airport code, SDF, is based on the airport's former name, Standiford Field. Although it currently does not have regularly - scheduled international passenger flights, it is a port of entry, as it handles numerous international cargo flights.", "title": "Louisville International Airport" } ]	what is the area code for cincinnati, in the state Bluffton Airport is located?	513	[]	Title: Port Elizabeth, New Jersey Passage: Port Elizabeth is an unincorporated community located within Maurice River Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP code 08348. Title: List of Ohio area codes Passage: Code Created Region 216 1947 Cleveland (October 1947) 234 2000 Akron, Canton, Youngstown, and Warren, overlay with 330 330 Akron, Canton, Youngstown, and Warren, overlay with 234 380 2016 Columbus, overlay with 614 (February 27, 2016) 419 1947 Northwest and north central Ohio including Toledo, Sandusky, and Ashland, overlay with 567 (October, 1947) 440 1997 Part of Northeast Ohio including parts of Cleveland (August 16, 1997) 513 1947 Southwest Ohio including Cincinnati (October, 1947) 567 1947 Northwest and north central Ohio including Toledo, Sandusky, and Ashland, overlay with 419 (January 1, 2002) 614 1947 Columbus (October, 1947) 740 1997 Central and southeastern Ohio except Columbus (December 6, 1997) 220 1997 Central and southeastern Ohio except Columbus (December 6, 1997) 937 Southwestern part of Ohio including Springfield, Dayton, public parts of Wright - Patterson Air Force Base, and areas north of Cincinnati (September 28, 1996) Title: Bluffton Township, Otter Tail County, Minnesota Passage: Bluffton Township is a township in Otter Tail County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 474 at the 2000 census. Title: Area codes 208 and 986 Passage: Area codes 208 and 986 are the North American telephone area codes for all of Idaho. 208 is the main area code, and is one of the 86 original area codes created in 1947. It was Idaho's sole area code until 2017, when 986 was added as an overlay for the entire state. Title: Bluffton Airport Passage: Bluffton Airport is a public use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) southeast of the central business district of Bluffton, in Hancock County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Village of Bluffton. According to the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, it is categorized as a "general aviation" facility. Title: Tuntutuliak Airport Passage: Tuntutuliak Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) south of the central business district of Tuntutuliak, in the Bethel Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.	[ "List of Ohio area codes", "Bluffton Airport" ]
2hop__132382_434	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a \"nationalist\" or \"patriotic\" composer. George Golos refers to earlier \"nationalist\" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from \"urbanised\" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin \"felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely\" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; \"it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map.\" The series of seven polonaises published in his lifetime (another nine were published posthumously), beginning with the Op. 26 pair (published 1836), set a new standard for music in the form. His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Literatura Mondo (\"Literary World\") was a literary Esperanto periodical and publishing house in Budapest, Hungary between 1922 and 1949. It became the focal point of the so-called Budapest School of Esperanto literature. It was founded by Tivadar Soros, father of the Hungarian-born American investor, business magnate, billionare, open society ideologist George Soros.", "title": "Literatura Mondo" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During 1824–28 Chopin spent his vacations away from Warsaw, at a number of locales.[n 4] In 1824 and 1825, at Szafarnia, he was a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski, the father of a schoolmate. Here for the first time he encountered Polish rural folk music. His letters home from Szafarnia (to which he gave the title \"The Szafarnia Courier\"), written in a very modern and lively Polish, amused his family with their spoofing of the Warsaw newspapers and demonstrated the youngster's literary gift.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rudi Graetz (1907 – 1 October 1977) was a German esperantist. He was president of the \"\"Central Workers' Circle of Friends of Esperanto\"\", part of the quasi-governmental Cultural Association in the former German Democratic Republic, and committee member of the Universal Esperanto Association.", "title": "Rudi Graetz" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Improvisation stands at the centre of Chopin's creative processes. However, this does not imply impulsive rambling: Nicholas Temperley writes that \"improvisation is designed for an audience, and its starting-point is that audience's expectations, which include the current conventions of musical form.\" The works for piano and orchestra, including the two concertos, are held by Temperley to be \"merely vehicles for brilliant piano playing ... formally longwinded and extremely conservative\". After the piano concertos (which are both early, dating from 1830), Chopin made no attempts at large-scale multi-movement forms, save for his late sonatas for piano and for cello; \"instead he achieved near-perfection in pieces of simple general design but subtle and complex cell-structure.\" Rosen suggests that an important aspect of Chopin's individuality is his flexible handling of the four-bar phrase as a structural unit.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chopin seldom performed publicly in Paris. In later years he generally gave a single annual concert at the Salle Pleyel, a venue that seated three hundred. He played more frequently at salons, but preferred playing at his own Paris apartment for small groups of friends. The musicologist Arthur Hedley has observed that \"As a pianist Chopin was unique in acquiring a reputation of the highest order on the basis of a minimum of public appearances—few more than thirty in the course of his lifetime.\" The list of musicians who took part in some of his concerts provides an indication of the richness of Parisian artistic life during this period. Examples include a concert on 23 March 1833, in which Chopin, Liszt and Hiller performed (on pianos) a concerto by J.S. Bach for three keyboards; and, on 3 March 1838, a concert in which Chopin, his pupil Adolphe Gutmann, Charles-Valentin Alkan, and Alkan's teacher Joseph Zimmermann performed Alkan's arrangement, for eight hands, of two movements from Beethoven's 7th symphony. Chopin was also involved in the composition of Liszt's Hexameron; he wrote the sixth (and final) variation on Bellini's theme. Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Georges Lagrange (August 31, 1928 in Gagny, Seine-Saint-Denis – April 30, 2004 in Poitiers) was a French Esperantist writer and member of Academy of Esperanto. He translated several theater pieces from French to Esperanto, acted in some of them, and wrote poems and detective novels under the pseudonym \"Serĝo Elgo\".", "title": "Georges Lagrange" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "However, Vienna's fall as the most important musical center for orchestral composition during the late 1820s, precipitated by the deaths of Beethoven and Schubert, marked the Classical style's final eclipse -- and the end of its continuous organic development of one composer learning in close proximity to others. Franz Liszt and Frédéric Chopin visited Vienna when they were young, but they then moved on to other cities. Composers such as Carl Czerny, while deeply influenced by Beethoven, also searched for new ideas and new forms to contain the larger world of musical expression and performance in which they lived.", "title": "Classical period (music)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One of the most famous people born in Warsaw was Maria Skłodowska-Curie, who achieved international recognition for her research on radioactivity and was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize. Famous musicians include Władysław Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of Żelazowa Wola, about 60 km (37 mi) from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski, a Polish general and hero of the American Revolutionary War, was born here in 1745.", "title": "Warsaw" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "After some ten years of development, which Zamenhof spent translating literature into Esperanto as well as writing original prose and verse, the first book of Esperanto grammar was published in Warsaw on July 26, 1887. The number of speakers grew rapidly over the next few decades, at first primarily in the Russian Empire and Central Europe, then in other parts of Europe, the Americas, China, and Japan. In the early years, speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but in 1905 the first World Congress of Esperanto speakers was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Since then world congresses have been held in different countries every year, except during the two World Wars. Since the Second World War, they have been attended by an average of more than 2000 people and up to 6000 people.", "title": "Esperanto" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A reconciliation of these views is suggested by William Atwood: \"Undoubtedly [Chopin's] use of traditional musical forms like the polonaise and mazurka roused nationalistic sentiments and a sense of cohesiveness amongst those Poles scattered across Europe and the New World ... While some sought solace in [them], others found them a source of strength in their continuing struggle for freedom. Although Chopin's music undoubtedly came to him intuitively rather than through any conscious patriotic design, it served all the same to symbolize the will of the Polish people ...\"", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was also, for a time, a prominent Esperanto author, translator and activist, until in 1911 he suddenly, without explanation, abandoned the Esperanto movement. Bein became at least as well known for his involvement with Esperanto as for his medical accomplishments, and as much for the manner in which he left the Esperanto movement as for what he had accomplished within it.", "title": "Kazimierz Bein" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.", "title": "The Storm (short story)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lidia Zamenhof (; 29 January 1904–1942) was a Polish writer, publisher, translator and the youngest daughter of L. L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto. She was born on 29 January 1904 in Warsaw, then in partitioned Poland. She was an active promoter of Esperanto as well as of Homaranismo, a form of religious humanism first defined by her father.", "title": "Lidia Zamenhof" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Irana Esperantisto (\"Iranian Esperantist\") is an independent quarterly culture magazine, which is published in Esperanto and in Persian in Tehran and distributed internationally. Its Persian title is \"Payame Sabz-andishan\" (literally: Message of the Green-Thinkers or the Green-Adepts). About half of the content of each edition is in Esperanto and the other half in Persian.", "title": "Irana Esperantisto" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7]", "title": "Frédéric Chopin" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kontakto is an Esperanto magazine published by TEJO and supported by the Universal Esperanto Association (UEA). The magazine has readers in about 90 countries of the world. It started in 1963 through a proposal of the UEA committee by Humphrey Tonkin, who became its first editor in chief and who provided a magazine that touched on topics of interest to Esperanto youth. The magazine often used the slogan \"In Esperanto, but not about Esperanto.\"", "title": "Kontakto" } ]	Where did Chopin live with his family in the city where Esperanto was created?	Saxon Palace.	[ "Saxon Palace" ]	Title: Esperanto Passage: After some ten years of development, which Zamenhof spent translating literature into Esperanto as well as writing original prose and verse, the first book of Esperanto grammar was published in Warsaw on July 26, 1887. The number of speakers grew rapidly over the next few decades, at first primarily in the Russian Empire and Central Europe, then in other parts of Europe, the Americas, China, and Japan. In the early years, speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but in 1905 the first World Congress of Esperanto speakers was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Since then world congresses have been held in different countries every year, except during the two World Wars. Since the Second World War, they have been attended by an average of more than 2000 people and up to 6000 people. Title: Irana Esperantisto Passage: Irana Esperantisto ("Iranian Esperantist") is an independent quarterly culture magazine, which is published in Esperanto and in Persian in Tehran and distributed internationally. Its Persian title is "Payame Sabz-andishan" (literally: Message of the Green-Thinkers or the Green-Adepts). About half of the content of each edition is in Esperanto and the other half in Persian. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7] Title: Classical period (music) Passage: However, Vienna's fall as the most important musical center for orchestral composition during the late 1820s, precipitated by the deaths of Beethoven and Schubert, marked the Classical style's final eclipse -- and the end of its continuous organic development of one composer learning in close proximity to others. Franz Liszt and Frédéric Chopin visited Vienna when they were young, but they then moved on to other cities. Composers such as Carl Czerny, while deeply influenced by Beethoven, also searched for new ideas and new forms to contain the larger world of musical expression and performance in which they lived. Title: Lidia Zamenhof Passage: Lidia Zamenhof (; 29 January 1904–1942) was a Polish writer, publisher, translator and the youngest daughter of L. L. Zamenhof, the creator of Esperanto. She was born on 29 January 1904 in Warsaw, then in partitioned Poland. She was an active promoter of Esperanto as well as of Homaranismo, a form of religious humanism first defined by her father.	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Esperanto" ]
2hop__295854_135710	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named.", "title": "Frank Burr Mallory" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it.", "title": "Drinkin' Problem" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.", "title": "ISO 3166" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named.", "title": "653 Berenike" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the \"Bertrand lens\" or phase telescope.", "title": "Émile Bertrand" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Norway has a total area of and a population of 5,312,300 (as of August 2018). The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden (1,619 km or 1,006 mi long). Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, and the Skagerrak strait to the south, with Denmark on the other side. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence also dominates Norway's climate with mild lowland temperatures on the sea coasts, whereas the interior, while colder, also is a lot milder than areas elsewhere in the world on such northerly latitudes. Even during polar night in the north, temperatures above freezing are commonplace on the coastline. The maritime influence brings high rainfall and snowfall to some areas of the country.", "title": "Norway" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.", "title": "John Francis Sheehan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ", better known by her pen name is a Japanese manga artist. She is married to fellow manga artist Tatsuneko, from whom he took the name of . She is a graduate of Mita Senior High School, Tokyo. She currently lives in Setagaya, Tokyo with her husband and daughter.", "title": "Yun Kōga" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Brønnøy is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland region. The administrative centre and commercial centre of the municipality is the town of Brønnøysund. A secondary centre is the village of Hommelstø. Other villages include Tosbotn, Lande, Trælnes, and Indreskomo.", "title": "Brønnøy" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after.", "title": "Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services.", "title": "Sistine Chapel ceiling" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Milton F. Pavlic (1909–1942) was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy high-speed transport was named.", "title": "Milton F. Pavlic" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's \"Sun King\", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of \"La Louisiane\" was named.", "title": "Lake Pontchartrain" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "JCB was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril Bamford, after whom it is named; it continues to be owned by the Bamford family. In the UK and India, 'JCB' is often used colloquially as a generic description for mechanical diggers and excavators and now appears in the Oxford English Dictionary, although it is still held as a trademark.", "title": "JCB (company)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hotel Galvez is a historic hotel located in Galveston, Texas, United States that opened in 1911. The building was named the Galvez, honoring Bernardo de Gálvez, 1st Viscount of Galveston, for whom the city was named. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 4, 1979.", "title": "Hotel Galvez" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The quick German victory over the French stunned neutral observers, many of whom had expected a French victory and most of whom had expected a long war. The strategic advantages possessed by the Germans were not appreciated outside Germany until after hostilities had ceased. Other countries quickly discerned the advantages given to the Germans by their military system, and adopted many of their innovations, particularly the General Staff, universal conscription and highly detailed mobilization systems.", "title": "Franco-Prussian War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated.", "title": "The Hireling Shepherd" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William M. Hobby (1899–1942), was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy ship was named.", "title": "William M. Hobby" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Osmund Holm-Hansen (also known as Oz Holm-Hansen) is a Norwegian-born American scientist, for whom Mount Holm-Hansen, in Antarctica is named. A plant physiologist by training, from 1962 Holm-Hansen was the head of polar research at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.", "title": "Osmund Holm-Hansen" } ]	What is the origin of the name of the country where the municipality of Brønnøy is found?	north	[ "North", "N" ]	Title: The Hireling Shepherd Passage: The Hireling Shepherd (1851) is a painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist William Holman Hunt. It represents a shepherd neglecting his flock in favour of an attractive country girl to whom he shows a death's-head hawkmoth. The meaning of the image has been much debated. Title: Brønnøy Passage: Brønnøy is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Helgeland region. The administrative centre and commercial centre of the municipality is the town of Brønnøysund. A secondary centre is the village of Hommelstø. Other villages include Tosbotn, Lande, Trælnes, and Indreskomo. Title: Lake Pontchartrain Passage: Lake Pontchartrain is named for Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain. He was the French Minister of the Marine, Chancellor, and Controller-General of Finances during the reign of France's "Sun King", Louis XIV, for whom the colony of "La Louisiane" was named. Title: Norway Passage: Norway has a total area of and a population of 5,312,300 (as of August 2018). The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden (1,619 km or 1,006 mi long). Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, and the Skagerrak strait to the south, with Denmark on the other side. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence also dominates Norway's climate with mild lowland temperatures on the sea coasts, whereas the interior, while colder, also is a lot milder than areas elsewhere in the world on such northerly latitudes. Even during polar night in the north, temperatures above freezing are commonplace on the coastline. The maritime influence brings high rainfall and snowfall to some areas of the country. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war.	[ "Norway", "Brønnøy" ]
2hop__738646_34197	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One-third of the world's population is thought to be infected with TB. New infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2014, there were 9.6 million cases of active TB which resulted in 1.5 million deaths. More than 95% of deaths occurred in developing countries. The number of new cases each year has decreased since 2000. About 80% of people in many Asian and African countries test positive while 5–10% of people in the United States population tests positive by the tuberculin test. Tuberculosis has been present in humans since ancient times.", "title": "Tuberculosis" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I, the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, which itself was a branch of the eponymous Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including the Assyrians (under Ashurbanipal, at around 669–627 BC, the boundaries of the Assyrian Empire reached as far as Armenia & the Caucasus Mountains), Medes, Achaemenid Persians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Sassanid Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ottomans, successive Iranian Safavids, Afsharids, and Qajars, and the Russians.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.", "title": "Civil disobedience" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Karabakh war ended after a Russian-brokered cease-fire was put in place in 1994. The war was a success for the Karabakh Armenian forces who managed to capture 16% of Azerbaijan's internationally recognised territory including Nagorno-Karabakh itself. Since then, Armenia and Azerbaijan have held peace talks, mediated by the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The status of Karabakh has yet to be determined. The economies of both countries have been hurt in the absence of a complete resolution and Armenia's borders with Turkey and Azerbaijan remain closed. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orontid Armenia formally passed to empire of Alexander the Great following his conquest of Persia. Alexander appointed an Orontid named Mithranes to govern Armenia. Armenia later became a vassal state of the Seleucid Empire, but it maintained a considerable degree of autonomy, retaining its native rulers. Towards the end 212 BC the country was divided into two kingdoms, Greater Armenia and Armenia Sophene including Commagene or Armenia Minor. The kingdoms became so independent from Seleucid control that Antiochus III the Great waged war on them during his reign and replaced their rulers.", "title": "Hellenistic period" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia refers to Urashtu (in Babylonian) as Armina (in Old Persian; Armina ( ) and Harminuya (in Elamite). In Greek, Αρμένιοι \"Armenians\" is attested from about the same time, perhaps the earliest reference being a fragment attributed to Hecataeus of Miletus (476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians.", "title": "Armenians" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ashot IV (, died c. 1040–41), surnamed Kaj, i.e. \"the Brave, the Valiant\", was the younger son of King Gagik I of Armenia.", "title": "Ashot IV" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joan of Taranto (died March 1323) was Queen of Armenia by marriage to Oshin, King of Armenia. She was daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, and his first wife Thamar Angelina Komnene. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou.", "title": "Joan of Taranto" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples.", "title": "Armenians" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sergeant Richard G. Desautels was a United States Army corporal who was captured on December 1, 1950 at Sonchu by communist forces and not returned by North Korea at the end of the fighting of the Korean War. More than half a century later, the People's Republic of China admitted that Sgt. Desautels died while in captivity in China, and that his remains were buried in Shenyang, China.", "title": "Richard G. Desautels" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia.", "title": "Armenia–Singapore relations" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "To advance these goals, it sought to send a mission led by a bishop into Central Africa; Charles Mackenzie was duly consecrated in 1860 and led an expedition in 1861 up the Zambezi into the Shire Highlands. This first expedition was more or less disastrous. The area chosen as a base, near Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi), proved highly malarial; Bishop Mackenzie died there of the disease on 31 January 1862, along with many local people and three others among the tiny missionary party. Early conversion efforts from this base yielded little result, and supplies ran out or were destroyed during a period of famine. The mission then withdrew from the area, abandoning the graves of the missionaries who had died there, and though it established a new presence in Zanzibar many years passed before it returned to Malawi. Bishop Tozer, Mackenzie's successor, deemed the mission's early years ``a miserable failure ''.", "title": "Universities' Mission to Central Africa" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Zəyəm (also, Zagam and Zagyam) is a village and municipality in the Zaqatala Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 767.", "title": "Zəyəm, Zaqatala" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.", "title": "Central African Republic" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexander Grigori Arutiunian (), also known as Arutunian, Arutyunyan, Arutjunjan, Harutyunian or Harutiunian (23 September 1920 – 28 March 2012), was a Soviet and Armenian composer and pianist, widely known for his 1950 trumpet concerto. A professor at Yerevan State Conservatory, he was recognized with many awards for his work, including the Stalin Prize in 1949 and People's Artist of the USSR in 1970, as well as numerous honors from his homeland of Armenia.", "title": "Alexander Arutiunian" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina ( ). The ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία (Armenía) and Ἀρμένιοι (Arménioi, \"Armenians\") are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus (c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram, a lineal descendant of Hayk.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Although the Russian Caucasus Army of Imperial forces commanded by Nikolai Yudenich and Armenians in volunteer units and Armenian militia led by Andranik Ozanian and Tovmas Nazarbekian succeeded in gaining most of Ottoman Armenia during World War I, their gains were lost with the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.[citation needed] At the time, Russian-controlled Eastern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan attempted to bond together in the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. This federation, however, lasted from only February to May 1918, when all three parties decided to dissolve it. As a result, the Dashnaktsutyun government of Eastern Armenia declared its independence on 28 May as the First Republic of Armenia under the leadership of Aram Manukian.", "title": "Armenia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Much of the fighting in World War I took place along the Western Front, within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a \"No man's land\") running from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. On the Eastern Front, the vast eastern plains and limited rail network prevented a trench warfare stalemate from developing, although the scale of the conflict was just as large. Hostilities also occurred on and under the sea and—for the first time—from the air. More than 9 million soldiers died on the various battlefields, and nearly that many more in the participating countries' home fronts on account of food shortages and genocide committed under the cover of various civil wars and internal conflicts. Notably, more people died of the worldwide influenza outbreak at the end of the war and shortly after than died in the hostilities. The unsanitary conditions engendered by the war, severe overcrowding in barracks, wartime propaganda interfering with public health warnings, and migration of so many soldiers around the world helped the outbreak become a pandemic.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A wide array of sports are played in Armenia, the most popular among them being wrestling, weightlifting, judo, association football, chess, and boxing. Armenia's mountainous terrain provides great opportunities for the practice of sports like skiing and climbing. Being a landlocked country, water sports can only be practiced on lakes, notably Lake Sevan. Competitively, Armenia has been successful in chess, weightlifting and wrestling at the international level. Armenia is also an active member of the international sports community, with full membership in the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). It also hosts the Pan-Armenian Games.", "title": "Armenia" } ]	How many people died as a result of fighting between Armenia and the country where Zəyəm is located?	30,000	[]	Title: Zəyəm, Zaqatala Passage: Zəyəm (also, Zagam and Zagyam) is a village and municipality in the Zaqatala Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 767. Title: Universities' Mission to Central Africa Passage: To advance these goals, it sought to send a mission led by a bishop into Central Africa; Charles Mackenzie was duly consecrated in 1860 and led an expedition in 1861 up the Zambezi into the Shire Highlands. This first expedition was more or less disastrous. The area chosen as a base, near Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi), proved highly malarial; Bishop Mackenzie died there of the disease on 31 January 1862, along with many local people and three others among the tiny missionary party. Early conversion efforts from this base yielded little result, and supplies ran out or were destroyed during a period of famine. The mission then withdrew from the area, abandoning the graves of the missionaries who had died there, and though it established a new presence in Zanzibar many years passed before it returned to Malawi. Bishop Tozer, Mackenzie's successor, deemed the mission's early years ``a miserable failure ''. Title: Armenians Passage: The first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring peoples (such as by Hecataeus of Miletus and on the Achaemenid Behistun Inscription) was established in the late 6th century BC under the Orontid dynasty within the Achaemenid Persian Empire as part of the latters' territories, and which later became a kingdom. At its zenith (95–65 BC), the state extended from the Caucasus all the way to what is now central Turkey, Lebanon, and northern Iran. The imperial reign of Tigranes the Great is thus the span of time during which Armenia itself conquered areas populated by other peoples. Title: Alexander Arutiunian Passage: Alexander Grigori Arutiunian (), also known as Arutunian, Arutyunyan, Arutjunjan, Harutyunian or Harutiunian (23 September 1920 – 28 March 2012), was a Soviet and Armenian composer and pianist, widely known for his 1950 trumpet concerto. A professor at Yerevan State Conservatory, he was recognized with many awards for his work, including the Stalin Prize in 1949 and People's Artist of the USSR in 1970, as well as numerous honors from his homeland of Armenia. Title: Armenia Passage: The Karabakh war ended after a Russian-brokered cease-fire was put in place in 1994. The war was a success for the Karabakh Armenian forces who managed to capture 16% of Azerbaijan's internationally recognised territory including Nagorno-Karabakh itself. Since then, Armenia and Azerbaijan have held peace talks, mediated by the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The status of Karabakh has yet to be determined. The economies of both countries have been hurt in the absence of a complete resolution and Armenia's borders with Turkey and Azerbaijan remain closed. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced. Title: Joan of Taranto Passage: Joan of Taranto (died March 1323) was Queen of Armenia by marriage to Oshin, King of Armenia. She was daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto, and his first wife Thamar Angelina Komnene. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou.	[ "Armenia", "Zəyəm, Zaqatala" ]
2hop__158686_41141	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When Japanese troops moved out of the Zhejiang and Jiangxi areas in mid-August, they left behind a trail of devastation. Chinese estimates put the civilian death toll at 250,000. The Imperial Japanese Army had also spread cholera, typhoid, plague and dysentery pathogens. Around 1,700 Japanese troops died out of a total 10,000 Japanese soldiers who fell ill with disease when their biological weapons attack rebounded on their own forces.", "title": "Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The site of the Forbidden City was situated on the Imperial city during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. After the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital from Beijing in the north to Nanjing in the south, and in 1369 ordered that the Yuan palaces be razed. His son Zhu Di was created Prince of Yan with his seat in Beijing. In 1402, Zhu Di usurped the throne and became the Yongle Emperor. He made Beijing a secondary capital of the Ming empire, and construction began in 1406 of what would become the Forbidden City. The Forbidden City's plan was designed by many architects and designers, and then it was examined by the Emperor's Ministry of Work. The chief architects and engineers include Cai Xin, Nguyen An, a Vietnamese eunuch, Kuai Xiang, Lu Xiang and others.", "title": "History of the Forbidden City" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The plague disease, caused by Yersinia pestis, is enzootic (commonly present) in populations of fleas carried by ground rodents, including marmots, in various areas including Central Asia, Kurdistan, Western Asia, Northern India and Uganda. Nestorian graves dating to 1338–39 near Lake Issyk Kul in Kyrgyzstan have inscriptions referring to plague and are thought by many epidemiologists to mark the outbreak of the epidemic, from which it could easily have spread to China and India. In October 2010, medical geneticists suggested that all three of the great waves of the plague originated in China. In China, the 13th century Mongol conquest caused a decline in farming and trading. However, economic recovery had been observed at the beginning of the 14th century. In the 1330s a large number of natural disasters and plagues led to widespread famine, starting in 1331, with a deadly plague arriving soon after. Epidemics that may have included plague killed an estimated 25 million Chinese and other Asians during the 15 years before it reached Constantinople in 1347.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zabzugu is a small town and is the capital of Zabzugu district, a district in the Northern Region of north Ghana. It has a nucleated settlement and less populated. Most of the people there are farmers and their main produce is Yam.", "title": "Zabzugu" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shá i'a Nde, Shá'i'ánde, Nde 'Shini, Shä - än (``Northern People ''): most northern group of the Lipan, sharing contacts with the Kiowa - Apache. They were forced to relocate 1884, when 300 people were moved to the Washita Agency in Oklahoma)", "title": "Lipan Apache people" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sparta and its allies, with the exception of Corinth, were almost exclusively land based powers, able to summon large land armies that were very nearly unbeatable. Under the direction of Pericles, the Athenians pursued a policy of retreat within the city walls of Athens, relying on Athenian maritime supremacy for supply while the superior Athenian navy harassed Spartan troop movements. Unfortunately the strategy also resulted in adding many people from the countryside to an already well - populated city, introducing a severe crowding factor as well as resource shortages. Due to the close quarters and poor hygiene exhibited at that time Athens became a breeding ground for disease and many citizens died including Pericles, his wife, and his sons Paralus and Xanthippus. In the history of epidemics the 'Plague' of Athens is remarkable for its one - sided affliction and bias on the ultimate outcome of a war.", "title": "Plague of Athens" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From around 750, during the Abbasid Caliphate, women “became renowned for their brains as well as their beauty”. In particular, many well known women of the time were trained from childhood in music, dancing and poetry. Mahbuba was one of these. Another feminine figure to be remembered for her achievements was Tawaddud, \"a slave girl who was said to have been bought at great cost by Hārūn al-Rashīd because she had passed her examinations by the most eminent scholars in astronomy, medicine, law, philosophy, music, history, Arabic grammar, literature, theology and chess\". Moreover, among the most prominent feminine figures was Shuhda who was known as \"the Scholar\" or \"the Pride of Women\" during the 12th century in Baghdad. Despite the recognition of women's aptitudes during the Abbasid dynasty, all these came to an end in Iraq with the sack of Baghdad in 1258.", "title": "Madrasa" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wiener Riesenrad (German for Vienna Giant Wheel), or Riesenrad, is a tall Ferris wheel at the entrance of the Prater amusement park in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria's capital Vienna. It is one of Vienna's most popular tourist attractions, and symbolises the district as well as the city for many people. Constructed in 1897, it was the world's tallest extant Ferris wheel from 1920 until 1985.", "title": "Wiener Riesenrad" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first European epidemic of the bubonic plague dates back to the mid 6th century and is called the Plague of Justinian. The largest plague epidemic was the Black Death in Europe in the 14th century. In medieval times, the large loss of people (due to the bubonic plague) in a town created an economic disaster. Community plague doctors were quite valuable and were given special privileges; for example, plague doctors were freely allowed to perform autopsies, which were otherwise generally forbidden in Medieval Europe, to research a cure for the plague.In some cases, plague doctors were so valuable that when Barcelona dispatched two to Tortosa in 1650, outlaws captured them en route and demanded a ransom. The city of Barcelona paid for their release. The city of Orvieto hired Matteo fu Angelo in 1348 for four times the normal rate of a doctor of 50-florin per year. Pope Clement VI hired several extra plague doctors during the Black Death plague. They were to attend to the sick people of Avignon. Of 18 doctors in Venice, only one was left by 1348: five had died of the plague, and 12 were missing and may have fled.", "title": "Plague doctor" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ali ebn-e Sahl mausoleum is a historical mausoleum in Isfahan, Iran. The mystic Abolhassan Ali ebn-e Sahl Azhar Esfahani lived in the era of the Al-Mu'tadid, the Abbasid caliph. He had a khanqah and a school in the north of the Toghchi cemetery. He died in 894 in Isfahan and was buried in his khanqah.", "title": "Ali ebn-e Sahl mausoleum" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Iran were in flux during the late sixth and early seventh centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it. Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later seventh century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus.The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-eighth century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Tours in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and its replacement by the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman economy. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious metals from the Arabs.", "title": "Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the British Raj, famines in India, often attributed to failed government policies, were some of the worst ever recorded, including the Great Famine of 1876–78 in which 6.1 million to 10.3 million people died and the Indian famine of 1899–1900 in which 1.25 to 10 million people died. The Third Plague Pandemic in the mid-19th century killed 10 million people in India. Despite persistent diseases and famines, the population of the Indian subcontinent, which stood at about 125 million in 1750, had reached 389 million by 1941.", "title": "History of India" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma's first capital was Guthrie, Oklahoma, but it moved to Oklahoma City in 1910. Construction began on the Oklahoma State Capitol in 1914 and was completed in 1917. Originally, it housed the judicial branch of Oklahoma, but the state's high courts moved most of their operations to the Oklahoma Judicial Center in 2011, leaving only the Supreme Court Hearing Chamber in the capitol building.", "title": "Oklahoma State Capitol" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The dominant explanation for the Black Death is the plague theory, which attributes the outbreak to Yersinia pestis, also responsible for an epidemic that began in southern China in 1865, eventually spreading to India. The investigation of the pathogen that caused the 19th-century plague was begun by teams of scientists who visited Hong Kong in 1894, among whom was the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin, after whom the pathogen was named Yersinia pestis. The mechanism by which Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond and was found to involve the bites of fleas whose midguts had become obstructed by replicating Y. pestis several days after feeding on an infected host. This blockage results in starvation and aggressive feeding behaviour by the fleas, which repeatedly attempt to clear their blockage by regurgitation, resulting in thousands of plague bacteria being flushed into the feeding site, infecting the host. The bubonic plague mechanism was also dependent on two populations of rodents: one resistant to the disease, which act as hosts, keeping the disease endemic, and a second that lack resistance. When the second population dies, the fleas move on to other hosts, including people, thus creating a human epidemic.", "title": "Black Death" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harrisburg is a ghost town in Washington County, Utah, United States. Established as Harrisville in 1859, the town was flooded by the Virgin River in 1862, causing the residents to move farther up Quail Creek. Soon after, the town's name was changed to Harrisburg. By 1868, 200 people lived in Harrisburg; however, over the course of the next few years, floods, Native American raids, and a grasshopper plague caused people to relocate to the nearby towns of Leeds and Silver Reef. By 1895, Harrisburg was abandoned.", "title": "Harrisburg, Utah" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bonaparte began with an army of 13,000 men; 1,500 were reported missing, 1,200 died in combat, and thousands perished from disease—mostly bubonic plague. He failed to reduce the fortress of Acre, so he marched his army back to Egypt in May. To speed up the retreat, Bonaparte ordered plague-stricken men to be poisoned with opium; the number who died remains disputed, ranging from a low of 30 to a high of 580. He also brought out 1,000 wounded men. Back in Egypt on 25 July, Bonaparte defeated an Ottoman amphibious invasion at Abukir.", "title": "Napoleon" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of the province's 711,228 people (2012), only about 1/9 live in the capital, Toledo, which is also the capital of the autonomous community. The most populated municipalities in the province are Toledo and Talavera de la Reina with 83,741 and 83,303 inhabitants each (INE, 2017).", "title": "Province of Toledo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654.", "title": "Black Death" } ]	How many people have died of plague in the city Abbasids moved the capital to?	two-thirds of its population	[]	Title: Black Death Passage: The Black Death ravaged much of the Islamic world. Plague was present in at least one location in the Islamic world virtually every year between 1500 and 1850. Plague repeatedly struck the cities of North Africa. Algiers lost 30 to 50 thousand inhabitants to it in 1620–21, and again in 1654–57, 1665, 1691, and 1740–42. Plague remained a major event in Ottoman society until the second quarter of the 19th century. Between 1701 and 1750, thirty-seven larger and smaller epidemics were recorded in Constantinople, and an additional thirty-one between 1751 and 1800. Baghdad has suffered severely from visitations of the plague, and sometimes two-thirds of its population has been wiped out. Title: Harrisburg, Utah Passage: Harrisburg is a ghost town in Washington County, Utah, United States. Established as Harrisville in 1859, the town was flooded by the Virgin River in 1862, causing the residents to move farther up Quail Creek. Soon after, the town's name was changed to Harrisburg. By 1868, 200 people lived in Harrisburg; however, over the course of the next few years, floods, Native American raids, and a grasshopper plague caused people to relocate to the nearby towns of Leeds and Silver Reef. By 1895, Harrisburg was abandoned. Title: Madrasa Passage: From around 750, during the Abbasid Caliphate, women “became renowned for their brains as well as their beauty”. In particular, many well known women of the time were trained from childhood in music, dancing and poetry. Mahbuba was one of these. Another feminine figure to be remembered for her achievements was Tawaddud, "a slave girl who was said to have been bought at great cost by Hārūn al-Rashīd because she had passed her examinations by the most eminent scholars in astronomy, medicine, law, philosophy, music, history, Arabic grammar, literature, theology and chess". Moreover, among the most prominent feminine figures was Shuhda who was known as "the Scholar" or "the Pride of Women" during the 12th century in Baghdad. Despite the recognition of women's aptitudes during the Abbasid dynasty, all these came to an end in Iraq with the sack of Baghdad in 1258. Title: Middle Ages Passage: Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Iran were in flux during the late sixth and early seventh centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it. Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later seventh century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus.The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-eighth century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Tours in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and its replacement by the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman economy. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious metals from the Arabs. Title: Black Death Passage: In England, in the absence of census figures, historians propose a range of preincident population figures from as high as 7 million to as low as 4 million in 1300, and a postincident population figure as low as 2 million. By the end of 1350, the Black Death subsided, but it never really died out in England. Over the next few hundred years, further outbreaks occurred in 1361–62, 1369, 1379–83, 1389–93, and throughout the first half of the 15th century. An outbreak in 1471 took as much as 10–15% of the population, while the death rate of the plague of 1479–80 could have been as high as 20%. The most general outbreaks in Tudor and Stuart England seem to have begun in 1498, 1535, 1543, 1563, 1589, 1603, 1625, and 1636, and ended with the Great Plague of London in 1665. Title: Lipan Apache people Passage: Shá i'a Nde, Shá'i'ánde, Nde 'Shini, Shä - än (``Northern People ''): most northern group of the Lipan, sharing contacts with the Kiowa - Apache. They were forced to relocate 1884, when 300 people were moved to the Washita Agency in Oklahoma)	[ "Black Death", "Middle Ages" ]
2hop__520476_677577	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seeberg is a municipality in the Oberaargau administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The lake Burgäschisee is located on the border with Aeschi. On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Hermiswil merged into Seeberg.", "title": "Seeberg" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.", "title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kiunga is a division in the Lamu District of Coast Province located close to the Indian Ocean coast of northern Kenya, and only 15 kilometres to the border with Somalia. A major marine conservation area, the Kiunga Marine National Reserve has its headquarters at Kiunga. The reserve is an important habitat for mangrove, turtles, and many species of birds. Total population of the division is 3310 (1999 census ).", "title": "Kiunga, Kenya" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Severe Clear is a 2009 documentary film directed by American documentary maker Kristian Fraga, starring and using footage shot by First Lieutenant Mike Scotti of United States Marine Corps Bravo Company, 1st Battalion 4th Marines. The film explores the Marine drive to Baghdad during the 2003 invasion of Iraq.", "title": "Severe Clear" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Border Patrol Museum is located at 4315 Woodrow Bean Transmountain Drive, in the county of El Paso, in the U.S. state of Texas.", "title": "National Border Patrol Museum" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dean is a small farming & forestry community in the North Branch Musquodoboit in the Musquodoboit Valley along the Halifax Regional Municipality/Colchester County county line, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, along Route 336. Other communities in the North Branch include Elmsvale, Greenwood, Upper Musquodoboit, and Moose River Gold Mines, among others.", "title": "Dean, Nova Scotia" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.", "title": "Minsk Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "title": "Northern Territory" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.", "title": "Kennedy Space Center" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Marine Drive is a designated scenic route along Nova Scotia's Eastern Shore. It closely follows the coast of the Atlantic Ocean and the Strait of Canso from the Canso Causeway to the junction of Route 322 and Highway 111 in Dartmouth.", "title": "Marine Drive (Nova Scotia)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.", "title": "Kingdom of Gera" } ]	What county shares a border with Dean in the province where Marine Drive is located?	Colchester County	[]	Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: Dean, Nova Scotia Passage: Dean is a small farming & forestry community in the North Branch Musquodoboit in the Musquodoboit Valley along the Halifax Regional Municipality/Colchester County county line, in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, along Route 336. Other communities in the North Branch include Elmsvale, Greenwood, Upper Musquodoboit, and Moose River Gold Mines, among others. Title: National Border Patrol Museum Passage: The National Border Patrol Museum is located at 4315 Woodrow Bean Transmountain Drive, in the county of El Paso, in the U.S. state of Texas. Title: Marine Drive (Nova Scotia) Passage: The Marine Drive is a designated scenic route along Nova Scotia's Eastern Shore. It closely follows the coast of the Atlantic Ocean and the Strait of Canso from the Canso Causeway to the junction of Route 322 and Highway 111 in Dartmouth. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Minsk Voivodeship Passage: Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.	[ "Dean, Nova Scotia", "Marine Drive (Nova Scotia)" ]
2hop__852082_259429	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beauty and the Breast () is a 2002 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Raymond Yip, and starring Francis Ng, Michelle Reis and Daniel Wu.", "title": "Beauty and the Breast" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of \"free association\" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated \"Compact Impact\" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]", "title": "Guam" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929.", "title": "Charles Edward Herbert" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richard Thomas Shea, Jr. (January 3, 1927 – July 8, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army in the Korean War. He was listed as missing in action on July 8, 1953 during the Second Battle of Pork Chop Hill, and was later declared killed in action. Lt. Shea received the Medal of Honor posthumously. In 1987, Shea was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame.", "title": "Richard Thomas Shea" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francis Burt (January 13, 1807 – October 18, 1854) was an American politician from South Carolina who served as the first Governor of Nebraska Territory.", "title": "Francis Burt (Nebraska)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Last Conflict is a 1988 Hong Kong action crime thriller television film produced by TVB directed by Raymond Lee and starring Donnie Yen, Adia Chan, Francis Ng, Stephen Chow, Lau Kong and Andy Tai.", "title": "The Last Conflict" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Shea was born in Knoxville, Tennessee on December 4, 1913. He was ordained a priest on March 19, 1939 and served in a number of assignments around Tennessee over the next three decades. He was named a Monsignor in 1967. On December 1, 1969, he was appointed to the Diocese of Evansville and consecrated Bishop on February 3, 1970. Bishop Shea retired March 11, 1989 and died August 18, 1994.", "title": "Francis Raymond Shea" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, located in Peoria, Illinois, United States, is a teaching hospital for the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and part of the OSF Healthcare System. The Center, which is the largest hospital in the Peoria metropolitan area and in central Illinois, is designated by the state of Illinois as the Level I adult and pediatric regional trauma center for a 26-county region in mid-Illinois. OSF Saint Francis owns the Children's Hospital of Illinois (though the Hospital has its own President), the OSF Saint Francis Heart Hospital, the Illinois Neurological Institute, and the OSF Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, which are all located either in or near the Medical Center. The hospital is a clinical training hospital for many medical students, interns, residents, and fellows of the Peoria campus of the University of Illinois College of Medicine.", "title": "OSF Saint Francis Medical Center" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.", "title": "Ap Lo Chun" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francis Babington D.D. (also Babbington, died 1569) was an English divine and an academic administrator at the University of Oxford.", "title": "Francis Babington" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Through the Missouri Compromise of 1820, Congress kept a tenuous balance of political power between North and South. In May 1854, the Kansas -- Nebraska Act, created from unorganized Indian lands and territories of Kansas and Nebraska, permitted residency by U.S. citizens, who were to determine their state's slavery status and seek admission to the Union. Immigrants supporting both sides of the question arrived in Kansas to establish residency and gain the right to vote. However, Kansas Territory officials were appointed (1854) by the pro-slavery administration of President Franklin Pierce (in office 1853 -- 1857), and thousands of non-resident pro-slavery Missourians entered Kansas with the goal of winning elections. They captured territorial elections, sometimes by fraud and intimidation. In response, Northern abolitionist elements flooded Kansas with ``free - soilers. ''Anti-slavery Kansas residents wrote the first Kansas Constitution (1855) and elected the Free State legislature in Topeka; this stood in opposition to the pro-slavery government in Lecompton. The two Territorial governments increased as well as symbolized the strife of Bleeding Kansas.", "title": "Bleeding Kansas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Knoxville City-County Building is a building at 400 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee that houses the offices of the city government of Knoxville and the county government of Knox County, Tennessee. It also houses the Knox County Jail. The building stands ten stories, and contains of office space. At the time it was built it was said to be the largest office building in Tennessee.", "title": "Knoxville City-County Building" } ]	Which region is Francis Raymond Shea's residence city located?	Knox County	[]	Title: Ap Lo Chun Passage: Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District. Title: Richard Thomas Shea Passage: Richard Thomas Shea, Jr. (January 3, 1927 – July 8, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army in the Korean War. He was listed as missing in action on July 8, 1953 during the Second Battle of Pork Chop Hill, and was later declared killed in action. Lt. Shea received the Medal of Honor posthumously. In 1987, Shea was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Francis Raymond Shea Passage: Shea was born in Knoxville, Tennessee on December 4, 1913. He was ordained a priest on March 19, 1939 and served in a number of assignments around Tennessee over the next three decades. He was named a Monsignor in 1967. On December 1, 1969, he was appointed to the Diocese of Evansville and consecrated Bishop on February 3, 1970. Bishop Shea retired March 11, 1989 and died August 18, 1994. Title: Knoxville City-County Building Passage: The Knoxville City-County Building is a building at 400 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee that houses the offices of the city government of Knoxville and the county government of Knox County, Tennessee. It also houses the Knox County Jail. The building stands ten stories, and contains of office space. At the time it was built it was said to be the largest office building in Tennessee. Title: Charles Edward Herbert Passage: Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929.	[ "Francis Raymond Shea", "Knoxville City-County Building" ]
2hop__20771_44674	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Life on a Rock is the fourteenth studio album by American country music artist Kenny Chesney. It was released on April 30, 2013 via Blue Chair and Columbia Records. Chesney co-wrote eight of the album's ten tracks and co-produced the album with Buddy Cannon. It was recorded in Los Angeles, Hawaii, Jamaica, Key West, London and Nashville. The album includes the singles \"Pirate Flag\" and \"When I See This Bar\". This was Chesney's first album since 2008's Lucky Old Sun to not have a Top 40 hit on the pop chart. This was also his first album since 1996's \"Me and You\" to not produce a single number one hit on the country charts.", "title": "Life on a Rock" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rovers is a 1980 album by the music group The Irish Rovers. It was their first album after they rebranded themselves as The Rovers, dropping \"Irish\" from the group name, and includes their crossover country hit \"Wasn't That a Party\".", "title": "The Rovers (album)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Each country's delegation is led by a sign with the name of their country and by their nation's flag. Traditionally, Greece always enters first and leads the parade because of its historical status as the progenitor of the Olympics, and the host nation enters last. All other participating teams enter after Greece and before the host nation, in order according to a language selected by the organizing committee for those games, which is usually the dominant language in the area of the host city. Announcers announce each country's name in English, French and the dominant language of the area of the host city, if neither English nor French is the dominant language.", "title": "Olympic Games ceremony" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The flag of Israel, depicting a blue Star of David on a white background, between two horizontal blue stripes was adopted on October 28, 1948, five months after the country's establishment. The origins of the flag's design date from the First Zionist Congress in 1897; the flag has subsequently been known as the ``flag of Zion ''.", "title": "Star of David" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This is a list of countries and territories with a flag that incorporates the Union Jack. Six Commonwealth nations have the Union Jack on their national flag. The first Commonwealth country to drop the Union Jack was Canada in 1965, after adopting a new national flag. The most recent country to drop the Union Jack from its flag was South Africa in 1994, after adopting a new national flag. The only overseas territory without the Union Jack on its current flag is Gibraltar.", "title": "List of countries and territories with the Union Jack displayed on their flag" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While on tour Madonna participated in the Raising Malawi initiative by partially funding an orphanage in and traveling to that country. While there, she decided to adopt a boy named David Banda in October 2006. The adoption raised strong public reaction, because Malawian law requires would-be parents to reside in Malawi for one year before adopting, which Madonna did not do. She addressed this on The Oprah Winfrey Show, saying that there were no written adoption laws in Malawi that regulated foreign adoption. She described how Banda had been suffering from pneumonia after surviving malaria and tuberculosis when she first met him. Banda's biological father, Yohane, commented, \"These so-called human rights activists are harassing me every day, threatening me that I am not aware of what I am doing..... They want me to support their court case, a thing I cannot do for I know what I agreed with Madonna and her husband.\" The adoption was finalized in May 2008.", "title": "Madonna (entertainer)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was originally a country music single by singer Wynn Stewart. Although Stewart had previously hit the Top 40 on the Billboard US country chart with songs such as ``Wishful Thinking ''in 1960,`` It's Such a Pretty World Today'' was Stewart's highest charting hit, peaking at No. 1 on the country music chart for two weeks in the late spring of 1967. It was released as a single from his album of the same name that year.", "title": "It's Such a Pretty World Today" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman, using profanity that required censorship on television, and handing Letterman a pair of her panties and asking him to smell it. The releases of her sexually explicit films, albums and book, and the aggressive appearance on Letterman all made critics question Madonna as a sexual renegade. Critics and fans reacted negatively, who commented that \"she had gone too far\" and that her career was over.", "title": "Madonna (entertainer)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``American Pie ''is a song by American folk rock singer and songwriter Don McLean. Recorded and released on the American Pie album in 1971, the single was a number - one US hit for four weeks in 1972. In the UK, the single reached No. 2 on its original 1972 release and a reissue in 1991 reached No. 12. The song was listed as the No. 5 song on the RIAA project Songs of the Century. A truncated version of the song was covered by Madonna in 2000 and reached No. 1 in several countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.", "title": "American Pie (song)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Two Sparrows in a Hurricane ''is a song written by Mark Alan Springer and recorded by American country music artist Tanya Tucker. It was released in September 1992 as the first single from the album Ca n't Run from Yourself. The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Two Sparrows in a Hurricane" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Living in a Moment\" is a song written by Pat Bunch and Doug Johnson, and recorded by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It was released in June 1996 as the first single and title track from his album of the same name. In October of that year, it became his second Number One hit (see 1996 in country music).", "title": "Living in a Moment (song)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Dust on the Bottle ''is a song written and recorded by American country music artist David Lee Murphy. It was released in August 1995 as the fourth single from the album Out with a Bang. The song hit number one on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks in late 1995 and is Murphy's only number one hit. The song also hit number 9 on the Canadian Country charts.", "title": "Dust on the Bottle" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record.", "title": "Hurricane Maria" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The album garnered critical acclaim. Ray of Light was honored with four Grammy Awards. In 2003, Slant Magazine called it \"one of the great pop masterpieces of the '90s\" and Rolling Stone listed it among \"The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time\". Commercially, the album peaked at number one in numerous countries and sold more than 16 million copies worldwide. The album's first single, \"Frozen\", became Madonna's first single to debut at number one in the UK, while in the U.S. it became her sixth number-two single, setting another record for Madonna as the artist with the most number two hits. The second single, \"Ray of Light\", debuted at number five on the Billboard Hot 100.", "title": "Madonna (entertainer)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Country Hits is an album by American country music artist George Jones. It was released in 1965 on the Musicor Records label.", "title": "New Country Hits" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many flags of the Islamic world are green, as the color is considered sacred in Islam (see below). The flag of Hamas, as well as the flag of Iran, is green, symbolizing their Islamist ideology. The 1977 flag of Libya consisted of a simple green field with no other characteristics. It was the only national flag in the world with just one color and no design, insignia, or other details. Some countries used green in their flags to represent their country's lush vegetation, as in the flag of Jamaica, and hope in the future, as in the flags of Portugal and Nigeria. The green cedar of Lebanon tree on the Flag of Lebanon officially represents steadiness and tolerance.", "title": "Green" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The List of Florida hurricanes encompasses approximately 500 tropical or subtropical cyclones that affected the state of Florida. More storms hit Florida than any other U.S. state, and since 1851 only eighteen hurricane seasons passed without a known storm impacting the state. Collectively, cyclones that hit the region have resulted in over 10,000 deaths, most of which occurring prior to the start of Hurricane Hunters flights in 1943. Additionally, the cumulative impact from the storms totaled over $141 billion in damage (2017 USD), primarily from Hurricane Andrew and hurricanes in the 2004 and 2005 seasons.", "title": "List of Florida hurricanes" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument is a national monument in Nicaragua. It is one of the 78 protected areas which are officially under protection in the country.", "title": "Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Whisper My Name\" is a song written by Trey Bruce, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in June 1994 as the second single from his album \"This Is Me\". It became a Number One country hit for him in both the United States and Canada.", "title": "Whisper My Name" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871; however, Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms crossing the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane-force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to 110 mph (180 km/h), making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was severely damaged, and later demolished. The rebuilt pier was later damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process. On May 28, 2012, Jacksonville was hit by Tropical Storm Beryl, packing winds up to 70 miles per hour (113 km/h) which made landfall near Jacksonville Beach.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" } ]	What was name of hurricane that hit the country with Madonna rubbing the country's flag between her thighs angering the public?	Hurricane Maria	[]	Title: Living in a Moment (song) Passage: "Living in a Moment" is a song written by Pat Bunch and Doug Johnson, and recorded by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It was released in June 1996 as the first single and title track from his album of the same name. In October of that year, it became his second Number One hit (see 1996 in country music). Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: In September 1993, Madonna embarked on The Girlie Show World Tour, in which she dressed as a whip-cracking dominatrix surrounded by topless dancers. In Puerto Rico she rubbed the island's flag between her legs on stage, resulting in outrage among the audience. In March 1994, she appeared as a guest on the Late Show with David Letterman, using profanity that required censorship on television, and handing Letterman a pair of her panties and asking him to smell it. The releases of her sexually explicit films, albums and book, and the aggressive appearance on Letterman all made critics question Madonna as a sexual renegade. Critics and fans reacted negatively, who commented that "she had gone too far" and that her career was over. Title: Star of David Passage: The flag of Israel, depicting a blue Star of David on a white background, between two horizontal blue stripes was adopted on October 28, 1948, five months after the country's establishment. The origins of the flag's design date from the First Zionist Congress in 1897; the flag has subsequently been known as the ``flag of Zion ''. Title: Hurricane Maria Passage: Hurricane Maria is regarded as being the worst natural disaster on record to affect Dominica and Puerto Rico, and is also the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Jeanne in 2004. The tenth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record and the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 2017, Maria was the thirteenth named storm, eighth consecutive hurricane, fourth major hurricane, second Category 5 hurricane, and the deadliest storm of the hyperactive 2017 Atlantic hurricane season. At its peak, the hurricane caused catastrophic damage and numerous fatalities across the northeastern Caribbean, compounding recovery efforts in the areas of the Leeward Islands already struck by Hurricane Irma. Total losses from the hurricane are estimated at upwards of $91.61 billion (2017 USD), mostly in Puerto Rico, ranking it as the third - costliest tropical cyclone on record. Title: List of countries and territories with the Union Jack displayed on their flag Passage: This is a list of countries and territories with a flag that incorporates the Union Jack. Six Commonwealth nations have the Union Jack on their national flag. The first Commonwealth country to drop the Union Jack was Canada in 1965, after adopting a new national flag. The most recent country to drop the Union Jack from its flag was South Africa in 1994, after adopting a new national flag. The only overseas territory without the Union Jack on its current flag is Gibraltar. Title: Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument Passage: Hurricane Mitch Victims National Monument is a national monument in Nicaragua. It is one of the 78 protected areas which are officially under protection in the country.	[ "Madonna (entertainer)", "Hurricane Maria" ]
4hop1__14045_93667_695397_74345	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jack Wild (30 September 1952 -- 1 March 2006) was an English actor and singer, known for his teenage performances as the Artful Dodger in Oliver!, (1968) and as Jimmy in the NBC children's television series H.R. Pufnstuf (1969) and accompanying 1970 feature film. He played Much the Miller's Son in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991).", "title": "Jack Wild" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves is a 1991 American romantic action adventure film. The film, an iteration of the legendary English folk tale, was directed by Kevin Reynolds. The film's principal cast includes Kevin Costner as Robin Hood, Morgan Freeman as Azeem, Christian Slater as Will Scarlet, Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio as Maid Marian, and Alan Rickman as the Sheriff of Nottingham.", "title": "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A total solar eclipse will take place on Monday, April 8, 2024, visible across North America. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. With a magnitude of 1.0566, its longest duration of totality will be of four minutes and 28 seconds near the town of Nazas, Durango, Mexico, and the nearby city of Torreón, Coahuila.", "title": "Solar eclipse of April 8, 2024" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The next solar eclipse (Partial) will occur on February 15, 2018; the last solar eclipse (Total) occurred on August 21, 2017.", "title": "List of solar eclipses in the 21st century" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Centenary is a village in Mashonaland Central province in Zimbabwe. On June 21, 2001, Centenary was a pilgrimage for those who wanted to see the total solar eclipse, as it was one of the few areas of Zimbabwe that witnessed it.", "title": "Centenary, Zimbabwe" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thieves' Gold is a 1918 American Western film directed by John Ford and featuring Harry Carey. It is considered to be a lost film.", "title": "Thieves' Gold" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "23 September 2090 Total Solar Eclipse: the next total eclipse visible in the UK follows a track similar to that of 11 August 1999, but shifted slightly further north and occurring very near sunset. Maximum duration in Cornwall will be 2 minutes and 10 seconds. Same day and month as the eclipse of 23 September 1699.", "title": "List of solar eclipses visible from the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Future total solar eclipses will cross the United States in April 2024 (12 states) and August 2045 (10 states), and annular solar eclipses -- wherein the Moon appears smaller than the Sun -- will occur in October 2023 (9 states) and June 2048 (9 states).", "title": "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nineteenth-century fictional depictions of John were heavily influenced by Sir Walter Scott's historical romance, Ivanhoe, which presented \"an almost totally unfavourable picture\" of the king; the work drew on Victorian histories of the period and on Shakespeare's play. Scott's work influenced the late 19th-century children's writer Howard Pyle's book The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood, which in turn established John as the principal villain within the traditional Robin Hood narrative. During the 20th century, John was normally depicted in fictional books and films alongside Robin Hood. Sam De Grasse's role as John in the black-and-white 1922 film version shows John committing numerous atrocities and acts of torture. Claude Rains played John in the 1938 colour version alongside Errol Flynn, starting a trend for films to depict John as an \"effeminate ... arrogant and cowardly stay-at-home\". The character of John acts either to highlight the virtues of King Richard, or contrasts with the Sheriff of Nottingham, who is usually the \"swashbuckling villain\" opposing Robin. An extreme version of this trend can be seen in the Disney cartoon version, for example, which depicts John, voiced by Peter Ustinov, as a \"cowardly, thumbsucking lion\". Popular works that depict John beyond the Robin Hood legends, such as James Goldman's play and later film, The Lion in Winter, set in 1183, commonly present him as an \"effete weakling\", in this instance contrasted with the more masculine Henry II, or as a tyrant, as in A. A. Milne's poem for children, \"King John's Christmas\".", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ground Xero is the first studio album by American DJ group Ill Insanity, which consists of a composition of three members of New York City DJ group The X-Ecutioners, Rob Swift, Total Eclipse and DJ Precision. It was released on February 11, 2008 for Ablist Productions and was produced by Rob Swift, Total Eclipse and DJ Precision, with additional production from Roc Raida of The X-Ecutioners and DJ Q-Bert.", "title": "Ground Xero" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The path of the 2017 eclipse crosses with the path of the upcoming total solar eclipse of April 8, 2024, with the intersection of the two paths being in southern Illinois in Makanda Township at Cedar Lake, just south of Carbondale. An area of about 9,000 square miles, including the cities of Makanda, Carbondale, Cape Girardeau, Missouri, and Paducah, Kentucky, will thus experience two total solar eclipses within a span of less than seven years. The cities of Benton, Carbondale, Chester, Harrisburg, Marion, and Metropolis in Illinois; Cape Girardeau, Farmington, and Perryville in Missouri, as well as Paducah, Kentucky, will also be in the path of the 2024 eclipse, thereby earning the distinction of witnessing two total solar eclipses in seven years.", "title": "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Boys' Brigade Gazette is a quarterly magazine printed regularly since 1889 in the United Kingdom for the officers and leaders of the Battalions and Companies of the Boy's Brigade in the UK and Ireland.", "title": "Boys' Brigade Gazette" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike a solar eclipse, which can be viewed only from a certain relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. A total lunar eclipse lasts a few hours, whereas a total solar eclipse lasts only a few minutes as viewed from any given place, due to the smaller size of the Moon's shadow. Also unlike solar eclipses, lunar eclipses are safe to view without any eye protection or special precautions, as they are dimmer than the full Moon.", "title": "Lunar eclipse" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "11 August 1999 Total Solar Eclipse over Cornwall and part of south Devon, partial over the rest of the United Kingdom. Totality was observable from English Channel and the island of Alderney in the Channel Islands, but was almost universally clouded out on the British mainland. The clouds did clear in the Newquay area, though, allowing observation of full totality. A large partial eclipse was visible in the south - east of England and south Wales. Observers in various places noted birds falling silent, daylight colours turning to grey, and temperatures falling, augmented by a passing wisp of cloud at the moment of peak eclipse.", "title": "List of solar eclipses visible from the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A total lunar eclipse occurred on January 31, 2018. The Moon was near its perigee on January 30 and as such may be described as a \"supermoon\". The previous supermoon lunar eclipse was in September 2015.As this supermoon was also a blue moon (the second full moon in a calendar month), it was referred to as a \"super blue blood moon\"; \"blood\" refers to the typical red color of the Moon during a total lunar eclipse. This coincidence last occurred on December 30, 1982 for the eastern hemisphere, and otherwise before that on March 31, 1866. The next occurrence will be on January 31, 2037, one metonic cycle (19 years) later.", "title": "January 2018 lunar eclipse" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Poughkeepsie, Tramps and Thieves\" is the eleventh episode of the third season of the American mystery television series \"Veronica Mars\", and the fifty-fifth episode overall. Written by executive producer Diane Ruggiero and directed by John T. Kretchmer, the episode premiered on The CW on January 30, 2007. The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a college student while moonlighting as a private detective.", "title": "Poughkeepsie, Tramps and Thieves" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger. It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince.", "title": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Principal exteriors were shot on location in the United Kingdom. A second unit filmed the medieval walls and towers of the Cité de Carcassonne in the town of Carcassonne in Aude, France, for the portrayal of Nottingham and its castle. Locksley Castle was Wardour Castle in Wiltshire -- restored in an early shot using a matte painting. Marian's manor was filmed at Hulne Priory in Northumberland. Scenes set in Sherwood Forest were filmed throughout England: Burnham Beeches in Buckinghamshire was used for the outlaws' encampment, Aysgarth Falls in Yorkshire for the fight scene between Robin and Little John, and Hardraw Force in North Yorkshire was the location where Marian sees Robin bathing. Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall was used for the scene when Robin first confronts the sheriff's men. Chalk cliffs at Seven Sisters, Sussex were used as the locale for Robin's return to England from the Crusades.", "title": "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 was a total eclipse visible within a band across the entire contiguous United States, passing from the Pacific to the Atlantic coasts. As a partial solar eclipse, it was visible on land from Nunavut in northern Canada to as far south as northern South America. In northwestern Europe and Africa, it was partially visible in the late evening. In Asia it was visible only at the eastern extremity, the Chukchi Peninsula.", "title": "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The eclipse was part of Saros series 136, as was the solar eclipse of July 11, 1991, which was slightly longer, lasting up to 6 minutes 53 seconds (previous eclipses of the same saros series on June 30, 1973 and June 20, 1955, were longer, lasting 7 min 04 and 7 min 08, respectively). The next event from this series will be on August 2, 2027. The exceptional duration was a result of the Moon being near perigee, with the apparent diameter of the Moon 8% larger than the Sun (magnitude 1.080) and the Earth being near aphelion where the Sun appeared slightly smaller.", "title": "Solar eclipse of July 22, 2009" } ]	When did the country in abbreviation meaning in full the nation making the prince of thieves of the person depicting John alongside last see a total eclipse?	August 21, 2017	[ "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017", "solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" ]	Title: John, King of England Passage: Nineteenth-century fictional depictions of John were heavily influenced by Sir Walter Scott's historical romance, Ivanhoe, which presented "an almost totally unfavourable picture" of the king; the work drew on Victorian histories of the period and on Shakespeare's play. Scott's work influenced the late 19th-century children's writer Howard Pyle's book The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood, which in turn established John as the principal villain within the traditional Robin Hood narrative. During the 20th century, John was normally depicted in fictional books and films alongside Robin Hood. Sam De Grasse's role as John in the black-and-white 1922 film version shows John committing numerous atrocities and acts of torture. Claude Rains played John in the 1938 colour version alongside Errol Flynn, starting a trend for films to depict John as an "effeminate ... arrogant and cowardly stay-at-home". The character of John acts either to highlight the virtues of King Richard, or contrasts with the Sheriff of Nottingham, who is usually the "swashbuckling villain" opposing Robin. An extreme version of this trend can be seen in the Disney cartoon version, for example, which depicts John, voiced by Peter Ustinov, as a "cowardly, thumbsucking lion". Popular works that depict John beyond the Robin Hood legends, such as James Goldman's play and later film, The Lion in Winter, set in 1183, commonly present him as an "effete weakling", in this instance contrasted with the more masculine Henry II, or as a tyrant, as in A. A. Milne's poem for children, "King John's Christmas". Title: Centenary, Zimbabwe Passage: Centenary is a village in Mashonaland Central province in Zimbabwe. On June 21, 2001, Centenary was a pilgrimage for those who wanted to see the total solar eclipse, as it was one of the few areas of Zimbabwe that witnessed it. Title: Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 Passage: The solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 was a total eclipse visible within a band across the entire contiguous United States, passing from the Pacific to the Atlantic coasts. As a partial solar eclipse, it was visible on land from Nunavut in northern Canada to as far south as northern South America. In northwestern Europe and Africa, it was partially visible in the late evening. In Asia it was visible only at the eastern extremity, the Chukchi Peninsula. Title: Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 Passage: Future total solar eclipses will cross the United States in April 2024 (12 states) and August 2045 (10 states), and annular solar eclipses -- wherein the Moon appears smaller than the Sun -- will occur in October 2023 (9 states) and June 2048 (9 states). Title: Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves Passage: Principal exteriors were shot on location in the United Kingdom. A second unit filmed the medieval walls and towers of the Cité de Carcassonne in the town of Carcassonne in Aude, France, for the portrayal of Nottingham and its castle. Locksley Castle was Wardour Castle in Wiltshire -- restored in an early shot using a matte painting. Marian's manor was filmed at Hulne Priory in Northumberland. Scenes set in Sherwood Forest were filmed throughout England: Burnham Beeches in Buckinghamshire was used for the outlaws' encampment, Aysgarth Falls in Yorkshire for the fight scene between Robin and Little John, and Hardraw Force in North Yorkshire was the location where Marian sees Robin bathing. Sycamore Gap on Hadrian's Wall was used for the scene when Robin first confronts the sheriff's men. Chalk cliffs at Seven Sisters, Sussex were used as the locale for Robin's return to England from the Crusades. Title: Boys' Brigade Gazette Passage: The Boys' Brigade Gazette is a quarterly magazine printed regularly since 1889 in the United Kingdom for the officers and leaders of the Battalions and Companies of the Boy's Brigade in the UK and Ireland.	[ "John, King of England", "Boys' Brigade Gazette", "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves", "Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017" ]
3hop1__711513_50519_820681	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:", "title": "Henichesk Raion" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.", "title": "States of Germany" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KXXY-FM (96.1 FM, \"96.1 KXY\") is a country music formatted radio station serving the Oklahoma City area and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.. KXY was the flagship station of the Oklahoma City Barons hockey team before they left Oklahoma City. Its transmitter is located in Northeast Oklahoma City, and studios are located at the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side.", "title": "KXXY-FM" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.", "title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like:", "title": "Clear Water Bay Country Park" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "She directed her first feature film, based on a screenplay of her own, an ensemble piece set in Bombay, in Spring, 2007, entitled \"Little Zizou\". This film explores issues facing the Parsi community to which she belongs.", "title": "Sooni Taraporevala" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kattalai is a village Karur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on east side of Karur at the confluence of the Amaravati River with the Kaveri.", "title": "Kattalai, India" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.", "title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.", "title": "Słupsk County" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cherokee City is an unincorporated census-designated place in Benton County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population is 72. It is the location of (or is the nearest community to) Coon Creek Bridge, which is located on Cty Rd. 24 and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The community was named for the Cherokee Indians, since the Trail of Tears crossed the landscape when the Cherokee migrated west to Indian territory, now Oklahoma in the late 1830s. The town is about 5 miles east of Oklahoma and 4 miles south of the Missouri state line.", "title": "Cherokee City, Arkansas" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mumbai Bombay Megacity Mumbai Top to bottom: Cuffe Parade skyline, the Gateway of India (L), Taj Mahal Palace Hotel (R), Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Bandra -- Worli Sea Link. Nickname (s): Bambai, Mumbai city, City of Seven Islands, City of Dreams, Gateway to India, Hollywood of India Mumbai Location of Mumbai in Maharashtra, India Mumbai Mumbai (India) Show map of Maharashtra Show map of India Show all Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E / 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E / 18.97500; 72.82583 Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E / 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E / 18.97500; 72.82583 Country India State Maharashtra District Mumbai City Mumbai Suburban First settled 1507 Named for Mumbadevi Government Type Mayor -- Council Body MCGM Mayor Vishwanath Mahadeshwar (Shiv Sena) Municipal commissioner Ajoy Mehta Area Megacity 603 km (233 sq mi) Metro 4,355 km (1,681.5 sq mi) Elevation 14 m (46 ft) Population (2011) Megacity 12,442,373 Rank 1st Density 21,000 / km (53,000 / sq mi) Metro 18,414,288 20,748,395 (Extended UA) Metro Rank 1st Demonym (s) Mumbaikar Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN code (s) 400 001 to 400 107 Area code (s) + 91 - 22 Vehicle registration MH - 01 (South), MH - 02 (West), MH - 03 (Central), MH - 47 (North) GDP / PPP $368 billion (Metro area, 2015) Official language Marathi Website www.mcgm.gov.in", "title": "Mumbai" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.", "title": "Municipio XIX" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Batu Kawa is a suburban area located right next to the 3rd Mile Roundabout in Kuching Division, State of Sarawak in Malaysia. The town is administratively under the Kuching South City Council. The Pan Borneo Highway passing through the area links Kuching City with Bau, Lundu and Sematan further west. This place is also known to have many hornet nest.", "title": "Batu Kawa" } ]	What state includes the district of Kattalai, in the country where the birthplace of Sooni Taraporevala is located?	Tamil Nadu	[]	Title: Eastern Bengal and Assam Passage: Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal. Title: Sooni Taraporevala Passage: She directed her first feature film, based on a screenplay of her own, an ensemble piece set in Bombay, in Spring, 2007, entitled "Little Zizou". This film explores issues facing the Parsi community to which she belongs. Title: Kattalai, India Passage: Kattalai is a village Karur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on east side of Karur at the confluence of the Amaravati River with the Kaveri. Title: Olsztyn Voivodeship Passage: Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn. Title: Mumbai Passage: Mumbai Bombay Megacity Mumbai Top to bottom: Cuffe Parade skyline, the Gateway of India (L), Taj Mahal Palace Hotel (R), Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Bandra -- Worli Sea Link. Nickname (s): Bambai, Mumbai city, City of Seven Islands, City of Dreams, Gateway to India, Hollywood of India Mumbai Location of Mumbai in Maharashtra, India Mumbai Mumbai (India) Show map of Maharashtra Show map of India Show all Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E / 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E / 18.97500; 72.82583 Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E / 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E / 18.97500; 72.82583 Country India State Maharashtra District Mumbai City Mumbai Suburban First settled 1507 Named for Mumbadevi Government Type Mayor -- Council Body MCGM Mayor Vishwanath Mahadeshwar (Shiv Sena) Municipal commissioner Ajoy Mehta Area Megacity 603 km (233 sq mi) Metro 4,355 km (1,681.5 sq mi) Elevation 14 m (46 ft) Population (2011) Megacity 12,442,373 Rank 1st Density 21,000 / km (53,000 / sq mi) Metro 18,414,288 20,748,395 (Extended UA) Metro Rank 1st Demonym (s) Mumbaikar Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN code (s) 400 001 to 400 107 Area code (s) + 91 - 22 Vehicle registration MH - 01 (South), MH - 02 (West), MH - 03 (Central), MH - 47 (North) GDP / PPP $368 billion (Metro area, 2015) Official language Marathi Website www.mcgm.gov.in Title: Henichesk Raion Passage: Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:	[ "Sooni Taraporevala", "Kattalai, India", "Mumbai" ]
3hop1__568406_233976_821513	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bobeke is a village in the Lobaye region in the Central African Republic southwest of the capital, Bangui and near the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo.", "title": "Bobeke" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Najran (Arabic: نجران‎ Najrān) is a region of Saudi Arabia, located in the south of the country along the border with Yemen. It has an area of 149,511 km². Its capital is Najran.", "title": "Najran Region" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Notre Dame High School (NDWH) is a private, Roman Catholic, all-male college preparatory school located in West Haven, Connecticut, a coastal suburb of New Haven, Connecticut.", "title": "Notre Dame High School (West Haven, Connecticut)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brick City is an American documentary series on the Sundance Channel. Created and directed by the award-winning filmmakers Mark Benjamin and Marc Levin, Brick City is a series that captures the daily drama of a community striving to become a better, safer, stronger place to live. Against great odds, Newark’s citizens and its Mayor, Cory Booker, fight to raise the city out of nearly a half century of violence, poverty and corruption.", "title": "Brick City (TV series)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chaman (Pashto/Urdu: چمن) is the capital of Qilla Abdullah District, Balochistan Province, Pakistan. It is situated just south of the Wesh-Chaman border crossing with the neighbouring Kandahar Province of Afghanistan. After the capital Quetta, Chaman is the second-largest city and tehsil in the Pashtun majority northern part of Balochistan Province.", "title": "Chaman" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a \"Middle Hills\" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local).", "title": "Hansapur, Rapti" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Caine Prize for African Writing is an annual literary award for the best original short story by an African writer, whether in Africa or elsewhere, published in the English language. The £10,000 prize was founded in the United Kingdom in 2000, and was named in memory of Sir Michael Harris Caine, former Chairman of Booker Group plc. Because of the Caine Prize's connection to the Booker Prize, the award is sometimes called the \"African Booker\".", "title": "Caine Prize" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "North Haven is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut on the outskirts of New Haven, Connecticut. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 24,093.", "title": "North Haven, Connecticut" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Babassoua is a village in the Lobaye region in the Central African Republic southwest of the capital, Bangui and near the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo.", "title": "Babassoua" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.", "title": "India" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carmen Antimo Argenziano (born October 27, 1943) is an American actor who has appeared in over 50 movies and around 100 television movies or episodes. He is best known for playing Jacob Carter on Stargate SG - 1. He had recurring roles on Booker, L.A. Law, Melrose Place, and The Young and the Restless. He had a small role in The Godfather Part II.", "title": "Carmen Argenziano" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ulish began his football career in West Haven, Connecticut, playing for West Haven High School where he made the All-State team. He went on to play college football for Michigan State University, and he was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Atlanta Falcons. The Falcons cut Booker in 2003 before he played a single down in the NFL.", "title": "Ulish Booker" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Active in the early 1920s, F.C.S. Schiller labelled his work \"humanism\" but for Schiller the term referred to the pragmatist philosophy he shared with William James. In 1929, Charles Francis Potter founded the First Humanist Society of New York whose advisory board included Julian Huxley, John Dewey, Albert Einstein and Thomas Mann. Potter was a minister from the Unitarian tradition and in 1930 he and his wife, Clara Cook Potter, published Humanism: A New Religion. Throughout the 1930s, Potter was an advocate of such liberal causes as, women’s rights, access to birth control, \"civil divorce laws\", and an end to capital punishment.", "title": "Humanism" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stepanakert Airport (, ) is an airport in Khojaly, near Stepanakert, the capital city of the \"de facto\" independent Republic of Artsakh (NKR). The airport has been under the control of the Republic of Artsakh since 1992. Flights ceased to take place with the escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh War in 1990. As the airport lies within the internationally recognized borders of Azerbaijan, and the current government is unrecognized, there are no codes for the airport in the official IATA list.", "title": "Stepanakert Airport" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.", "title": "Kingdom of Gera" } ]	In what county is the capital adjacent to Ulish Booker's birthplace?	New Haven County	[ "New Haven County, Connecticut" ]	Title: Caine Prize Passage: The Caine Prize for African Writing is an annual literary award for the best original short story by an African writer, whether in Africa or elsewhere, published in the English language. The £10,000 prize was founded in the United Kingdom in 2000, and was named in memory of Sir Michael Harris Caine, former Chairman of Booker Group plc. Because of the Caine Prize's connection to the Booker Prize, the award is sometimes called the "African Booker". Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: Notre Dame High School (West Haven, Connecticut) Passage: Notre Dame High School (NDWH) is a private, Roman Catholic, all-male college preparatory school located in West Haven, Connecticut, a coastal suburb of New Haven, Connecticut. Title: Ulish Booker Passage: Ulish began his football career in West Haven, Connecticut, playing for West Haven High School where he made the All-State team. He went on to play college football for Michigan State University, and he was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Atlanta Falcons. The Falcons cut Booker in 2003 before he played a single down in the NFL. Title: North Haven, Connecticut Passage: North Haven is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut on the outskirts of New Haven, Connecticut. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 24,093. Title: Bobeke Passage: Bobeke is a village in the Lobaye region in the Central African Republic southwest of the capital, Bangui and near the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo.	[ "Notre Dame High School (West Haven, Connecticut)", "North Haven, Connecticut", "Ulish Booker" ]
2hop__863267_47169	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka Incumbent Tilak Marapana Ministry of Foreign Affairs Appointer The President with advice of Prime Minister Inaugural holder Don Stephen Senanayake Formation 24 September 1947 Website www.mea.gov.lk", "title": "Minister of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Canada's constitution, being a 'mixed' or hybrid constitution (a constitution that is partly formally codified and partly uncodified) originally did not make any reference whatsoever to a prime minister, with her or his specific duties and method of appointment instead dictated by \"convention\". In the Constitution Act, 1982, passing reference to a \"Prime Minister of Canada\" is added, though only regarding the composition of conferences of federal and provincial first ministers.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alexander Yurevich Borodai (, ; born July 25, 1972) was Prime Minister of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic in 2014. After the Donetsk People's Republic declared its independence from Ukraine on 12 May 2014, Borodai was appointed as Prime Minister by the republic's Supreme Council on May 16, 2014. Borodai, a Russian citizen, had earlier worked as a political adviser to Sergey Aksyonov, the prime minister of the Republic of Crimea. On 7 August 2014 Borodai announced his resignation. He was succeeded by Alexander Zakharchenko; under Zakharchenko, Borodai became Deputy Prime Minister.", "title": "Alexander Borodai" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With the return to power of the Liberals after the 1993 election, Ouellet was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by the new prime minister, Jean Chrétien. Despite his experience, Ouellet was not popular in Quebec, and the lasting legacy of the Charlottetown Accord hurt him. After the close result of the 1995 Quebec referendum, Chrétien wanted to present a new face of his government in Quebec. In 1996, Chrétien appointed Ouellet to head the Canada Post Corporation. Ouellet's seat in the House of Commons of Canada was taken by Pierre Pettigrew in a by-election later that year.", "title": "André Ouellet" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Vultureni is a commune in Bacău County, Romania. It is composed of sixteen villages: Bosia, Dădești, Dorneni, Ghilăvești, Godineștii de Jos, Godineștii de Sus, Lichitișeni, Medeleni, Nazărioaia, Reprivăț, Tomozia, Țigănești, Valea Lupului, Valea Merilor, Valea Salciei and Vultureni.", "title": "Vultureni, Bacău" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In non-Commonwealth countries the prime minister may be entitled to the style of Excellency like a president. In some Commonwealth countries prime ministers and former prime ministers are styled Right Honourable due to their position, for example in the Prime Minister of Canada. In the United Kingdom the prime minister and former prime ministers may appear to also be styled Right Honourable, however this is not due to their position as head of government but as a privilege of being current members of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State).", "title": "Prime Minister of the Bahamas" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place.", "title": "Prime Minister of Iraq" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.", "title": "List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The union cabinet headed by the prime minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per article 75 (3) of the Constitution of India. The prime minister has to enjoy the confidence of a majority in the Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the president.", "title": "Prime Minister of India" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kamal Ganzouri (, ‎; born 12 January 1933) is an Egyptian economist who served as Prime Minister of Egypt from 7 December 2011 to 24 July 2012. He previously served as prime minister from 1996 to 1999. He came to power in 1996 succeeding Atef Sedki, and was in turn succeeded by Atef Ebeid in 1999. He was branded \"Minister of the Poor\" and \"the Opposition Minister\" because of his way of dealing with limited income people and the opposition. Before becoming prime minister, Ganzouri served as Minister of Planning and International Cooperation. On 24 November 2011, Egypt's military rulers appointed him as prime minister. He was sworn in and took office on 7 December 2011.", "title": "Kamal Ganzouri" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The cabinet of Thailand or, formally, the Council of Ministers of Thailand (; is a body composed of thirty-five of the most senior members of the government of the Kingdom of Thailand. The cabinet is the primary organ of the executive branch of the Thai government. Members of the cabinet are nominated by the prime minister and formally appointed by the King of Thailand. Most members are governmental department heads with the title of \"minister of state\" (; . The cabinet is chaired by the Prime Minister of Thailand. The cabinet is often collectively called \"the government\" or \"the Royal Thai Government\".", "title": "Cabinet of Thailand" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki, led by Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki, came to power following the 1989 legislative election, and was appointed by the Sejm on 12 September 1989. Tadeusz Mazowiecki had been appointed Prime Minister on 24 August 1989, and tasked with the formation of a new government, after the Sejm rejected the Communist cabinet of Czesław Kiszczak. The cabinet resigned on 25 November 1990, and the Sejm accepted the resignation of the cabinet on 14 December, though it continued to perform its duties until the formation of the Cabinet of Jan Krzysztof Bielecki on 4 January 1991.", "title": "Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Emblem of Papua New Guinea Incumbent Peter O'Neill since 3 August 2012 Appointer Bob Dadae Governor - General of Papua New Guinea Term length At the Governor - General's pleasure Inaugural holder Michael Somare Formation 16 September 1975", "title": "Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is led by the Prime Minister of Slovakia, who is nominated by the President of Slovakia, and is usually the leader of majority party or of majority coalition after an election to the National Council of the Slovak Republic. The Cabinet appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister must gain a vote of confidence in the National Council.", "title": "Government of Slovakia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Kārmika, Loka Śikāyata Aura Peṃśana Maṃtrī State Emblem of India Flag of India Incumbent Narendra Modi since 26 May 2014 Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Style The Honourable Member of Union Council of Ministers of India Reports to Prime minister Residence 7, Lok Kalyan Marg (as Prime minister) Seat South Block, Secretariat Building, New Delhi Nominator Prime minister Appointer President Formation 1 August 1970; 48 years ago (1970 - 08 - 01) First holder Indira Gandhi Unofficial names Personnel Minister, Minister of Personnel Deputy Minister of State for Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions", "title": "Minister of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Most prime ministers in parliamentary systems are not appointed for a specific term in office and in effect may remain in power through a number of elections and parliaments. For example, Margaret Thatcher was only ever appointed prime minister on one occasion, in 1979. She remained continuously in power until 1990, though she used the assembly of each House of Commons after a general election to reshuffle her cabinet.", "title": "Prime minister" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1940, Winston Churchill replaced Neville Chamberlain as Prime Minister, though personally George would have preferred to appoint Lord Halifax. After the King's initial dismay over Churchill's appointment of Lord Beaverbrook to the Cabinet, he and Churchill developed \"the closest personal relationship in modern British history between a monarch and a Prime Minister\". Every Tuesday for four and a half years from September 1940, the two men met privately for lunch to discuss the war in secret and with frankness.", "title": "George VI" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The current Prime Minister is Mihai Tudose of the Social Democratic Party who was sworn in on 29 June 2017..", "title": "Prime Minister of Romania" } ]	Who has been appointed as the new prime minister of the country containing Vultureni?	Mihai Tudose	[]	Title: Government of Slovakia Passage: It is led by the Prime Minister of Slovakia, who is nominated by the President of Slovakia, and is usually the leader of majority party or of majority coalition after an election to the National Council of the Slovak Republic. The Cabinet appointed by the president on recommendation of the prime minister must gain a vote of confidence in the National Council. Title: Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki Passage: The Cabinet of Tadeusz Mazowiecki, led by Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki, came to power following the 1989 legislative election, and was appointed by the Sejm on 12 September 1989. Tadeusz Mazowiecki had been appointed Prime Minister on 24 August 1989, and tasked with the formation of a new government, after the Sejm rejected the Communist cabinet of Czesław Kiszczak. The cabinet resigned on 25 November 1990, and the Sejm accepted the resignation of the cabinet on 14 December, though it continued to perform its duties until the formation of the Cabinet of Jan Krzysztof Bielecki on 4 January 1991. Title: Vultureni, Bacău Passage: Vultureni is a commune in Bacău County, Romania. It is composed of sixteen villages: Bosia, Dădești, Dorneni, Ghilăvești, Godineștii de Jos, Godineștii de Sus, Lichitișeni, Medeleni, Nazărioaia, Reprivăț, Tomozia, Țigănești, Valea Lupului, Valea Merilor, Valea Salciei and Vultureni. Title: Prime Minister of the Bahamas Passage: The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). Title: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Passage: Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Emblem of Papua New Guinea Incumbent Peter O'Neill since 3 August 2012 Appointer Bob Dadae Governor - General of Papua New Guinea Term length At the Governor - General's pleasure Inaugural holder Michael Somare Formation 16 September 1975 Title: Prime Minister of Romania Passage: The current Prime Minister is Mihai Tudose of the Social Democratic Party who was sworn in on 29 June 2017..	[ "Vultureni, Bacău", "Prime Minister of Romania" ]
2hop__582169_55630	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Flag of the Governor Seal of the Governor Incumbent Tom Wolf since January 20, 2015 Residence Governor's Residence Term length Four years renewable once Inaugural holder Thomas Mifflin Formation December 21, 1790 Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania Salary $187,256 (2013) Website governor.pa.gov", "title": "List of governors of Pennsylvania" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Name Title Took Office Left Office Party Notes Leo Segun Ajiborisha Administrator August 1991 January 1992 (Military) Isiaka Adetunji Adeleke Governor January 1992 November 1993 SDP Anthony Udofia Administrator 9 December 1993 22 August 1996 (Military) Anthony Obi Administrator 22 August 1996 August 1998 (Military) Theophilus Bamigboye Administrator August 1998 May 1999 (Military) Adebisi Akande Governor 29 May 1999 29 May 2003 AD Olagunsoye Oyinlola Governor 29 May 2003 26 Nov 2010 PDP Rauf Aregbesola Governor 26 Nov 2010 Present ACN", "title": "List of Governors of Osun State" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The governorates are subdivided into 333 districts (muderiah), which are subdivided into 1,996 sub-districts, and then into 40,793 villages and 88,817 sub villages (as of 2013).Before 1990, Yemen existed as two separate entities. For more information, see Historic Governorates of Yemen.", "title": "Governorates of Yemen" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1846 the Imperial administration of the Caucasus was reorganized and the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate was abolished, with its territory forming the new governorates of Tiflis and Kutais.", "title": "Georgia-Imeretia Governorate" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Governor of New South Wales Badge of the Governor of New South Wales Standard of the Governor of New South Wales Incumbent David Hurley AC, DSC (Retd) since 2 October 2014 Office of the Governor Executive Council of New South Wales Style His Excellency Residence Government House, Sydney Nominator Premier of New South Wales Appointer Australian monarch Term length At Her Majesty's pleasure Formation 7 February 1788 First holder Arthur Phillip Salary $181 555 (AUD) Website Office of the Governor", "title": "Governor of New South Wales" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929.", "title": "Charles Edward Herbert" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pskov Viceroyalty () was an administrative division (a \"namestnichestvo\") of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1777–1796. The seat of the Viceroyalty was located in Pskov. Both the predecessor and the successor of the viceroyalty was Pskov Governorate. In terms of modern administrative division of Russia, the area of the viceroyalty is currently split between Pskov, Leningrad, Tver, and Novgorod Oblasts.", "title": "Pskov Viceroyalty" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Governor of Missouri Seal of Missouri Incumbent Mike Parson since June 1, 2018 Style The Honorable Residence Missouri Governor's Mansion Term length Four years, renewable once (maximumly lifetime) Inaugural holder Alexander McNair Formation Constitution of Missouri Salary $133,821 (2013) Website governor.mo.gov", "title": "List of governors of Missouri" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Governor of Mississippi Arms of the state of Mississippi Incumbent Phil Bryant since January 10, 2012 Style Governor (informal) The Honorable (formal) Status Head of State Head of Government Residence Mississippi Governor's Mansion Term length Four years, renewable once Inaugural holder David Holmes Formation Constitution of Mississippi Succession Every four years, unless reelected Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi Salary $122,160 (2013)", "title": "List of governors of Mississippi" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Vance is an unincorporated community in Quitman and Tallahatchie counties, Mississippi. Vance is located on Mississippi Highway 3 northeast of Tutwiler. Vance has a post office with ZIP code 38964.", "title": "Vance, Mississippi" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zebulon Baird Vance (May 13, 1830 – April 14, 1894) was a Confederate military officer in the American Civil War, the 37th and 43rd Governor of North Carolina, and U.S. Senator. A prolific writer, Vance became one of the most influential Southern leaders of the Civil War and postbellum periods. As a leader of the \"New South\", Vance favored the rapid modernization of the southern economy, railroad expansion, school construction, and reconciliation with the North.", "title": "Zebulon Baird Vance" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vanceboro is a town in Craven County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,005 at the 2010 Census. Originally called Swift Creek, residents renamed the town for Zebulon B. Vance after he made a visit during his 1876 campaign for Governor. It is part of the New Bern, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area.", "title": "Vanceboro, North Carolina" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Governor of Minnesota Seal of Minnesota Incumbent Mark Dayton since January 3, 2011 Style The Honorable Residence Minnesota Governor's Residence Term length Four years, no term limit Formation May 24, 1858 Deputy Michelle Fischbach (Acting) Salary $120,303 (2013) Website http://www.governor.state.mn.us/", "title": "Governor of Minnesota" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cherepovets Governorate (, \"Cherepovetskaya guberniya\") was a governorate (\"guberniya\") of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Vologda, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts.", "title": "Cherepovets Governorate" } ]	How much does the governor of the state where Vance is located get paid?	$122,160	[]	Title: List of Governors of Osun State Passage: Name Title Took Office Left Office Party Notes Leo Segun Ajiborisha Administrator August 1991 January 1992 (Military) Isiaka Adetunji Adeleke Governor January 1992 November 1993 SDP Anthony Udofia Administrator 9 December 1993 22 August 1996 (Military) Anthony Obi Administrator 22 August 1996 August 1998 (Military) Theophilus Bamigboye Administrator August 1998 May 1999 (Military) Adebisi Akande Governor 29 May 1999 29 May 2003 AD Olagunsoye Oyinlola Governor 29 May 2003 26 Nov 2010 PDP Rauf Aregbesola Governor 26 Nov 2010 Present ACN Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Charles Edward Herbert Passage: Charles Edward Herbert (12 June 1860 – 21 January 1929) was an Australian politician and judge. He was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1900 to 1905, representing the electorate of Northern Territory. He was Government Resident of the Northern Territory from 1905 to 1910. He was then deputy chief judicial officer of the Territory of Papua (later Judge of the Central Court of Papua) from 1910 to 1928. This role saw him serve for extended periods on the Executive Council of Papua, and act as its Administrator and Lieutenant-Governor. During this period, he served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory in 1921. He was appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island in 1928, holding the position until his death in 1929. Title: Zebulon Baird Vance Passage: Zebulon Baird Vance (May 13, 1830 – April 14, 1894) was a Confederate military officer in the American Civil War, the 37th and 43rd Governor of North Carolina, and U.S. Senator. A prolific writer, Vance became one of the most influential Southern leaders of the Civil War and postbellum periods. As a leader of the "New South", Vance favored the rapid modernization of the southern economy, railroad expansion, school construction, and reconciliation with the North. Title: List of governors of Mississippi Passage: Governor of Mississippi Arms of the state of Mississippi Incumbent Phil Bryant since January 10, 2012 Style Governor (informal) The Honorable (formal) Status Head of State Head of Government Residence Mississippi Governor's Mansion Term length Four years, renewable once Inaugural holder David Holmes Formation Constitution of Mississippi Succession Every four years, unless reelected Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi Salary $122,160 (2013) Title: Vance, Mississippi Passage: Vance is an unincorporated community in Quitman and Tallahatchie counties, Mississippi. Vance is located on Mississippi Highway 3 northeast of Tutwiler. Vance has a post office with ZIP code 38964.	[ "List of governors of Mississippi", "Vance, Mississippi" ]
3hop1__500925_715233_59314	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rainy River is a river in Presque Isle County, Michigan, in the United States. It is located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, flowing northwest from Rainy Lake to Black Lake. Its waters, after passing through Black Lake, flow via the Black River and the Cheboygan River to Lake Huron.", "title": "Rainy River (Michigan)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake.", "title": "Red River (British Columbia)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Salloomt River is a river in the Bella Coola Valley of the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a tributary of the Bella Coola River, flowing southwest out of the southernmost Kitimat Ranges to meet that river just upstream from the community of Hagensborg.", "title": "Salloomt River" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Oesa is a body of water located at an elevation of 2,267m (7438 ft) in the mountains of Yoho National Park, near Field, British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Lake Oesa" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The restricted flow of waters from cataclysmic floods from Glacial Lake Missoula, and pluvial Lake Bonneville through the constriction of the Wallula Gap in the Horse Heaven Hills flowed into south-central Washington and north-central Oregon, and were backed up by the Columbia River Gorge, forming Lake Condon. The water remained for a period of 5–7 days before the flood waters drained through the Columbia River Gorge. Lake Condon reached an elevation of about 1200 feet above sea level (today's sea level) before subsiding.", "title": "Lake Condon" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Forward Harbour was a cannery town in the Johnstone Strait region of the Central Coast of British Columbia, Canada, located on the inlet of the same name, which is on the mainland side of Wellbore Channel, to the east of Hardwicke Island. Nearby on the same vicinity on the Mainland, though fronting on other bodies of water, are Jackson Bay to the immediate north, off Sunderland Channel, and Heydon Bay, British Columbia to the east on Loughborough Inlet.", "title": "Forward Harbour" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Malton Range is a mountain range in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of the Canoe Reach of Kinbasket Lake and east of the Albreda River, north of Dominion Mountain. It has an area of 451 km and is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains which in turn form part of the Columbia Mountains.", "title": "Malton Range" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Savave or Saveve is an islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu, which is on the lagoon side of Fale islet. It is also the name of the small village on the island. In the late 19th century, after the coming of the missionaries, the people of Nukufetau lived on Fale islet before shifting to Savave which is on the lagoon side of the Fale settlement.", "title": "Savave" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west).", "title": "Saw Kill" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Banderas River () is a river located in the southern part of the Ahuachapán Department of El Salvador. Precipitations along the river are suitable for municipal water, irrigation, and water wells.", "title": "Banderas River" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Germantown is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,954 at the 2010 census. Germantown is located in the southwest part of the county, along the east side of the Hudson River.", "title": "Germantown (town), New York" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Colorado River Compact is a 1922 agreement among seven U.S. states in the basin of the Colorado River in the American Southwest governing the allocation of the water rights to the river's water among the parties of the interstate compact. The agreement was signed at a meeting at Bishop's Lodge, near Santa Fe, New Mexico, by representatives of the seven states the Colorado river and its tributaries pass through on the way to Mexico.", "title": "Colorado River Compact" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long.", "title": "Columbia Bar" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Harrisville Pond is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Harrisville. It is one of many lakes and ponds along Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River. Water from Nubanusit Lake flows via the Great Meadows into the pond on the north side and out of the pond at two dams on the south side. One dam allows the level of the pond to be raised or lowered and also adjusts the flow through the mills that span that part of the outlet, while the other dam is made of large stones and sandbags. The village of Harrisville is located at the outlet of the pond.", "title": "Harrisville Pond" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murray Mouth is the point at which the River Murray meets the Southern Ocean. The Murray Mouth's location is changeable. Historical records show that the channel out to sea moves along the sand dunes over time. At times of greater river flow and rough seas, the two bodies of water would erode the sand dunes to create a new channel leaving the old one to silt and disappear.", "title": "Murray Mouth" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tokinivae is an islet of Nui atoll, in the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu.< Nui tradition is that Kolaka, a warrior from Nukufetau came on several raiding expeditions to Tokinivae, until he was killed and buried at Tararorae.", "title": "Tokinivae" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Muskwa Ranges are a group of mountain ranges in northern British Columbia, Canada. They are part of the Northern Rockies section of the Rocky Mountains and are bounded on their west by the Rocky Mountain Trench and on their east by the Rocky Mountain Foothills. They are delimited on the north by the Liard River and on the south by the Peace Reach of the Lake Williston reservoir (formerly the Peace River), south of which the next major grouping of the Rockies is the Hart Ranges.", "title": "Muskwa Ranges" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Big Bend Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located in Big Bend of the Columbia River north of the Illecillewaet River.", "title": "Big Bend Ranges" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bonanza Range is a small mountain range on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located in the area between the Nimpkish River and the Tsitika River. It has an area of 150 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "title": "Bonanza Range" } ]	Where does the Columbia River meet the body of water in which the atoll where Savave can be found is located?	Columbia Bar	[]	Title: Germantown (town), New York Passage: Germantown is a town in Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 1,954 at the 2010 census. Germantown is located in the southwest part of the county, along the east side of the Hudson River. Title: Columbia Bar Passage: The Columbia Bar, also frequently called the Columbia River Bar, is a system of bars and shoals at the mouth of the Columbia River spanning the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The bar is about 3 miles (5 km) wide and 6 miles (10 km) long. Title: Red River (British Columbia) Passage: The Red River is a tributary of the Kechika River in the far north of British Columbia, Canada, flowing east to meet the Kechika from headwaters in the Cassiar Mountains. In its middle reaches it forms the boundary between the Dease Plateau (N) and the Cassiar Mountains (S) and for its final stretch it crosses part of the Liard Plain. It is crossed by an unnamed road about upstream from its confluence with the Kechika, and is just to the north of Aeroplane Lake. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River. Title: Savave Passage: Savave or Saveve is an islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu, which is on the lagoon side of Fale islet. It is also the name of the small village on the island. In the late 19th century, after the coming of the missionaries, the people of Nukufetau lived on Fale islet before shifting to Savave which is on the lagoon side of the Fale settlement. Title: Tokinivae Passage: Tokinivae is an islet of Nui atoll, in the Pacific Ocean state of Tuvalu.< Nui tradition is that Kolaka, a warrior from Nukufetau came on several raiding expeditions to Tokinivae, until he was killed and buried at Tararorae.	[ "Savave", "Columbia Bar", "Tokinivae" ]
2hop__798741_159937	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Inco Superstack in Sudbury, Ontario, with a height of , is the tallest chimney in Canada and the Western hemisphere, and the second tallest freestanding chimney in the world after the GRES-2 Power Station in Kazakhstan. It is also the second tallest freestanding structure of any type in Canada, behind the CN Tower but ahead of First Canadian Place. It is the 40th tallest freestanding structure in the world. The Superstack is located on top of the largest nickel smelting operation in the world at Vale Inco's Copper Cliff processing facility in the city of Greater Sudbury.", "title": "Inco Superstack" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 135 m (443 ft) London Eye, typically described as a ``giant Ferris wheel ''by the media, has ovoidal externally mounted motorised capsules and is the`` world's tallest cantilevered observation wheel'' according to its operators, who claim ``The London Eye is often mistakenly called a Ferris wheel. This is not the case: first, the passenger capsules are completely enclosed and are climate controlled; secondly, the capsules are positioned on the outside of the wheel structure and are fully motorised; and third, the entire structure is supported by an A-frame on one side only. ''However the Singapore Flyer subsequently billed itself as the`` world's largest observation wheel'', despite being supported on both sides, and the official londoneye.com website also refers to the London Eye as ``Europe's tallest Ferris wheel ''.", "title": "Ferris wheel" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "City Center Square is a skyscraper in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, built by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, in the Spring of 1977. It occupies the entire block of 11th Street to 12th Street, and from Main Street to Baltimore Street. It's tower is 30 stories tall, constructed with a reinforced concrete structure evident by the look of the exterior. It is the tenth-tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the fifteenth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri at .", "title": "City Center Square" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Barbar () is a village in the north of Bahrain. It lies between Diraz and Jannusan. The Dilmun era Barbar Temple is located near the village.", "title": "Barbar, Bahrain" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Bahrain World Trade Center (also called Bahrain WTC or BWTC) is a 240-metre-high (787 ft), 50-floor, twin tower complex located in Manama, Bahrain. Designed by the multi-national architectural firm Atkins, construction on the towers was completed in 2008. It is the first skyscraper in the world to integrate wind turbines into its design. The wind turbines were developed, built and installed by the Danish company Norwin A/S.The structure is constructed close to the King Faisal Highway, near popular landmarks such as the towers of Bahrain Financial Harbour (BFH), NBB and Abraj Al Lulu. It currently ranks as the second-tallest building in Bahrain, after the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour. The project has received several awards for sustainability, including:", "title": "Bahrain World Trade Center" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1201 Walnut Building is a Skyscraper located in Downtown Kansas City, Missouri, USA, built by HNTB Architects in 1991. Found at the intersection of 12th and Walnut streets, it is the eighth tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the twelfth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri, at 427 feet. The exterior is made of mostly dark-colored glass, and granite panels, and is very close the new Sprint Center and Power & Light District, part of the redevelopment of downtown Kansas City. The glass look helps to further the glass-theme that the Sprint Center, H&R Block Building, and the \"Kansas City Star\" printing press have. In late 2010, building tenant Stinson Leonard Street, LLP acquired the rights to place a large sign and corporate logo atop the southern face of the building.", "title": "1201 Walnut" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bank of America Tower (originally Barnett Center) is a skyscraper in the downtown area of Jacksonville, Florida, at the northwest corner of Bay and Laura streets. At , it is the tallest building in Jacksonville, and the eleventh-tallest in Florida (the tallest ten all being in Miami). It was built as the headquarters of Barnett Bank and originally named Barnett Center, but the name was changed to NationsBank Tower in 1998 after Barnett Bank was acquired by NationsBank. NationsBank soon acquired Bank of America and the building's name was changed to Bank of America Tower in 1999. The 42-floor structure was designed by German-American architect Helmut Jahn, and is constructed of reinforced concrete.", "title": "Bank of America Tower (Jacksonville)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hollola TV Mast is a mast in Hollola, Finland built in 1967. It has a height of 327 metres (1073 feet). It is also the tallest structure in Finland.", "title": "Hollola TV Mast" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hyperion Tower (Korean: 하이페리온 타워), also known as the Mok-dong Hyperion Towers, is a group of three buildings located in the Yangcheon-gu district of Seoul, South Korea, completed in 2003. The tallest of which, Tower A, is 69 storeys and 256 metres (840 feet) high, making it the second tallest building in Seoul and the world's 214th tallest building. The towers are used as residential housing. Tower A is the world's 19th tallest residential building. Below the building is the Hyundai Department store, a chain of high end department stores in South Korea. At the time of its completion, the building was the tallest in the country but was surpassed by Samsung Tower Palace 3 – Tower G in 2004.", "title": "Hyperion Tower" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trammell Crow Center is a 50-story postmodern skyscraper at 2001 Ross Avenue in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas. With a structural height of , and to the roof, it is the sixth-tallest building in Dallas and the 18th-tallest in the state. The tower was designed by the architecture firm Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, and has a polished and flamed granite façade, with of office space. It was originally built as the new headquarters of LTV (Ling-Temco-Vought) which had outgrown its previous headquarters at 1600 Pacific Tower.", "title": "Trammell Crow Center" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Empire State Building stood as the world's tallest building for nearly 40 years, from its completion in early 1931 until the topping out of the original World Trade Center's North Tower in late 1970. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, the Empire State Building was again the tallest building in New York, until One World Trade Center reached a greater height in April 2012. The Empire State Building is currently the fifth - tallest completed skyscraper in the United States and the 35th - tallest in the world. It is also the fifth - tallest freestanding structure in the Americas. When measured by pinnacle height, it is the fourth - tallest building in the United States.", "title": "Empire State Building" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Melbourne's CBD, compared with other Australian cities, has comparatively unrestricted height limits and as a result of waves of post-war development contains five of the six tallest buildings in Australia, the tallest of which is the Eureka Tower, situated in Southbank. It has an observation deck near the top from where you can see above all of Melbourne's structures. The Rialto tower, the city's second tallest, remains the tallest building in the old CBD; its observation deck for visitors has recently closed.", "title": "Melbourne" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Breetsky was the third building, which was surpassed by Tokyo in 1987.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville's skyline is the Bank of America Tower, constructed in 1990 as the Barnett Center. It has a height of 617 ft (188 m) and includes 42 floors. Other notable structures include the 37-story Wells Fargo Center (with its distinctive flared base making it the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline), originally built in 1972-74 by the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company, and the 28 floor Riverplace Tower which, when completed in 1967, was the tallest precast, post-tensioned concrete structure in the world.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "B of the Bang was a sculpture by Thomas Heatherwick next to the City of Manchester Stadium in Manchester, England, which was commissioned to mark the 2002 Commonwealth Games; it was one of the tallest structures in Manchester and the tallest sculpture in the UK until the completion of \"Aspire\" in 2008. It was taller and leaned at a greater angle than the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The sculpture took its name from a quotation of British sprinter Linford Christie, in which he said that he started his races not merely at the \"bang\" of the starting pistol, but at \"the B of the Bang\".", "title": "B of the Bang" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The tower is 324 metres (1,063 ft) tall, about the same height as an 81 - storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 ft) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man - made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 ft). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second - tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct.", "title": "Eiffel Tower" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast.", "title": "List of tallest buildings and structures" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "First Canadian Place (originally First Bank Building) is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Toronto, Ontario, at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, and serves as the global operational headquarters of the Bank of Montreal. At , it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the 15th tallest building in North America to structural top (spires) and 9th highest to the roof top, and the 105th tallest in the world. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after the CN Tower (also in Toronto) and the Inco Superstack chimney in Sudbury, Ontario. The building is owned by Brookfield Office Properties, putting it in co-ownership with the neighbouring Exchange Tower and Bay Adelaide Centre as well as various other office spaces across Downtown Toronto.", "title": "First Canadian Place" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul in the City and Diocese of Washington, commonly known as Washington National Cathedral, is a cathedral of the Episcopal Church located in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. The structure is of Neo-Gothic design closely modeled on English Gothic style of the late fourteenth century. It is both the second - largest church building in the United States, and the fourth - tallest structure in Washington, D.C. The cathedral is the seat of both the Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church, Michael Bruce Curry, and the Bishop of the Diocese of Washington, Mariann Edgar Budde. Over 270,000 people visit the structure annually.", "title": "Washington National Cathedral" } ]	What is the tallest structure in the country where the village of Barbar is found?	the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour	[ "Bahrain Financial Harbour" ]	Title: Barbar, Bahrain Passage: Barbar () is a village in the north of Bahrain. It lies between Diraz and Jannusan. The Dilmun era Barbar Temple is located near the village. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 - metre - tall (2,722 ft) Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self - supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second - tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Title: Melbourne Passage: Melbourne's CBD, compared with other Australian cities, has comparatively unrestricted height limits and as a result of waves of post-war development contains five of the six tallest buildings in Australia, the tallest of which is the Eureka Tower, situated in Southbank. It has an observation deck near the top from where you can see above all of Melbourne's structures. The Rialto tower, the city's second tallest, remains the tallest building in the old CBD; its observation deck for visitors has recently closed. Title: List of tallest buildings and structures Passage: The world's tallest artificial structure is the 829.8 m (2,722 ft) tall Burj Khalifa in Dubai (of the United Arab Emirates). The building gained the official title of ``Tallest Building in the World ''and the tallest self supported structure at its opening on January 9, 2010. The second tallest self - supporting structure and the tallest tower is the Tokyo Skytree. The tallest guyed structure is the KVLY - TV mast. Title: City Center Square Passage: City Center Square is a skyscraper in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, built by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, in the Spring of 1977. It occupies the entire block of 11th Street to 12th Street, and from Main Street to Baltimore Street. It's tower is 30 stories tall, constructed with a reinforced concrete structure evident by the look of the exterior. It is the tenth-tallest habitable structure in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, and the fifteenth-tallest habitable structure in Missouri at . Title: Bahrain World Trade Center Passage: The Bahrain World Trade Center (also called Bahrain WTC or BWTC) is a 240-metre-high (787 ft), 50-floor, twin tower complex located in Manama, Bahrain. Designed by the multi-national architectural firm Atkins, construction on the towers was completed in 2008. It is the first skyscraper in the world to integrate wind turbines into its design. The wind turbines were developed, built and installed by the Danish company Norwin A/S.The structure is constructed close to the King Faisal Highway, near popular landmarks such as the towers of Bahrain Financial Harbour (BFH), NBB and Abraj Al Lulu. It currently ranks as the second-tallest building in Bahrain, after the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour. The project has received several awards for sustainability, including:	[ "Barbar, Bahrain", "Bahrain World Trade Center" ]
2hop__794299_781580	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tlgadintsi or Tlkatintsi (), Hovhannes Harutiunian (, 1860, Tlkatin village, Kharpert, Western Armenia – 1915) was an Armenian writer and teacher noted for his leading role in rural literature. He is credited with giving the first authoritative response to a call from Constantinople's Armenian intelligentsia, issued in the early 1890s, for writing firmly rooted in the village life of historic Western Armenia. His unique realist works range from probing the darkest corners of village life to revisiting cherished moments of childhood. Through his esteem as a mentor and his power as a writer he opened the way for a new generation of important writers such as Rupen Zartarian, Peniamin Noorigian, Vahé Haig, Vahan Totovents, Hamasdegh, and others.", "title": "Tlgadintsi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.", "title": "Dialect" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.", "title": "Languages of South America" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The only official language of the Falkland Islands is English, and this is spoken by almost everyone on a day-to-day basis. Spanish is spoken by 10% of the population, a significant minority. Most of the Spanish speakers are immigrants, foreign workers, and expats, predominantly from Chile and Argentina.", "title": "Languages of the Falkland Islands" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.", "title": "Southern Europe" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "title": "Togo" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hokkien dialects are typically written using Chinese characters (漢字, Hàn-jī). However, the written script was and remains adapted to the literary form, which is based on classical Chinese, not the vernacular and spoken form. Furthermore, the character inventory used for Mandarin (standard written Chinese) does not correspond to Hokkien words, and there are a large number of informal characters (替字, thè-jī or thòe-jī; 'substitute characters') which are unique to Hokkien (as is the case with Cantonese). For instance, about 20 to 25% of Taiwanese morphemes lack an appropriate or standard Chinese character.", "title": "Hokkien" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wood Frisian (West Frisian: \"Wâldfrysk\") is a dialect of the West Frisian language spoken in the eastern part of the Dutch province of Friesland, which is called \"Wâlden\" (English: \"woods\"). The dialect is also spoken in parts of Groningen, the province to the east of Friesland.", "title": "Wood Frisian" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithuanian (Lithuanian: lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200 thousand abroad.", "title": "Lithuanian language" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Odia is the official language along with English as center state communication. Odia is spoken as a native language by 82.7% of the population according to 2011 census. Other minority languages of the state are Hindi, Telugu, Santali, Kui, Urdu, Bengali and Ho.", "title": "Odisha" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some Flemish dialects are so distinct that they might be considered as separate language variants, although the strong significance of language in Belgian politics would prevent the government from classifying them as such. West Flemish in particular has sometimes been considered a distinct variety. Dialect borders of these dialects do not correspond to present political boundaries, but reflect older, medieval divisions. The Brabantian dialect group, for instance, also extends to much of the south of the Netherlands, and so does Limburgish. West Flemish is also spoken in Zeelandic Flanders (part of the Dutch province of Zeeland), and by older people in French Flanders (a small area that borders Belgium).", "title": "Dutch language" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.", "title": "Nicaraguan Sign Language" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic.", "title": "Ancient Egypt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Portuguese language is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula around 2000 years ago—particularly the Celts, Tartessians, Lusitanians and Iberians. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the language spread worldwide as Portugal established a colonial and commercial empire between 1415 and 1999. Portuguese is now spoken as a native language in five different continents, with Brazil accounting for the largest number of native Portuguese speakers of any country (200 million speakers in 2012).", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long.", "title": "Numero sign" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Armenian is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Armenian language, both the traditional Western Armenian and reformed Eastern Armenian orthographies. Five Armenian ligatures are encoded in the Alphabetic Presentation Forms block.", "title": "Armenian (Unicode block)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gonja language is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba.", "title": "Gonja language" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.", "title": "Languages of Mexico" } ]	What type of block lettering is the language used by Tlgadintsi an instance of?	Unicode block	[ "script" ]	Title: Nicaraguan Sign Language Passage: In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words. Title: Tlgadintsi Passage: Tlgadintsi or Tlkatintsi (), Hovhannes Harutiunian (, 1860, Tlkatin village, Kharpert, Western Armenia – 1915) was an Armenian writer and teacher noted for his leading role in rural literature. He is credited with giving the first authoritative response to a call from Constantinople's Armenian intelligentsia, issued in the early 1890s, for writing firmly rooted in the village life of historic Western Armenia. His unique realist works range from probing the darkest corners of village life to revisiting cherished moments of childhood. Through his esteem as a mentor and his power as a writer he opened the way for a new generation of important writers such as Rupen Zartarian, Peniamin Noorigian, Vahé Haig, Vahan Totovents, Hamasdegh, and others. Title: Lithuanian language Passage: Lithuanian (Lithuanian: lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200 thousand abroad. Title: Languages of Sierra Leone Passage: Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries. Title: Togo Passage: Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages. Title: Armenian (Unicode block) Passage: Armenian is a Unicode block containing characters for writing the Armenian language, both the traditional Western Armenian and reformed Eastern Armenian orthographies. Five Armenian ligatures are encoded in the Alphabetic Presentation Forms block.	[ "Tlgadintsi", "Armenian (Unicode block)" ]
2hop__145785_44852	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Motherland ''(French: Mère Patrie) is the national anthem of Mauritius. The music was composed by Philippe Gentil and the lyrics were written by Jean - Georges Prosper. The anthem is short and briefly describes the luscious landscape of Mauritius. It also mentions the qualities of its people: peace, justice, and liberty.", "title": "Motherland (anthem)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ``National Anthem of the Republic of China ''is the national anthem of Taiwan. It was originally adopted in 1937 by China as its national anthem and was used as such until the late 1940s; beforehand the`` Song to the Auspicious Cloud'' was used as the Chinese national anthem. In contemporary China, this national anthem serves a historical role as the current national anthem of China is the ``March of the Volunteers ''. The national anthem was also adopted in Taiwan on 25 October 1945 after the surrender of Japan.", "title": "National Anthem of the Republic of China" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trei culori (\"Three colours\") was the national anthem of the Socialist Republic of Romania from 1977 until 1990. Since 1990, after the Romanian Revolution, it has been replaced by Deșteaptă-te, române!. Before 1977 the national anthem had been Te slăvim, Românie, introduced in 1953.", "title": "Trei culori" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "S. Mahinda arrived in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) at a young age and was ordained as a Buddhist monk. Having learned the Sinhala language, he became a poet, creating several literary works inspiring patriotism among the Sinhalese and urging them to fight for their freedom during Sri Lankan Independence movement.. He is now considered a national hero of Sri Lanka and one among the greatest of Sinhalese poetry figures of all time.", "title": "S. Mahinda" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Forged from the Love of Liberty ''is the national anthem of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Originally composed as the national anthem for the short - lived West Indies Federation (1958 -- 1962), this song was edited and adopted by Trinidad and Tobago when it became independent in 1962.", "title": "Forged from the Love of Liberty" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio.", "title": "Sri Lanka Matha" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "O Canada Sheet music for Canada's national anthem, in English, French, and Inuktitut National anthem of Canada Also known as French: Ô Canada Lyrics Adolphe - Basile Routhier (French, 1880), Robert Stanley Weir (English, 1908) Music Calixa Lavallée, 1880 Adopted July 1, 1980", "title": "O Canada" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``My Country, 'Tis of Thee '', also known as`` America'', is an American patriotic song, whose lyrics were written by Samuel Francis Smith. The melody used is the same as that of the national anthem of the United Kingdom, ``God Save the Queen '', arranged by Thomas Arne. The song served as one of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs like`` Hail, Columbia'') before the adoption of ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''as the official anthem in 1931.", "title": "America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frédéric Bérat (Rouen, 11 March 1801 – Paris, 2 December 1855) was a French composer and songwriter. He is the writer of \"Ma Normandie\" which is used as the National Anthem of Jersey, and sometimes as the unofficial Norman anthem.", "title": "Frédéric Bérat" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1900 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905.", "title": "Lift Every Voice and Sing" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Motherland\" is the national anthem of Mauritius. The music was composed by Philippe Gentil and the lyrics were written by Jean-Georges Prosper. The anthem is short and briefly describes the luscious landscape of Mauritius. It also mentions the qualities of its people: peace, justice, and liberty.", "title": "Motherland (anthem)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "March On, Bahamaland is the national anthem of the Bahamas. It was composed by Timothy Gibson and adopted in 1973.", "title": "March On, Bahamaland" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current national anthem of South Africa was adopted in 1997 and is a hybrid song combining new English lyrics with extracts of the 19th century hymn ``Nkosi Sikelel 'iAfrika ''(English:`` God Bless Africa'', lit. ``Lord Bless Africa '') and the Afrikaans song`` Die Stem van Suid - Afrika'' (English: ``The Call of South Africa ''), which was formerly used as the South African national anthem from the late 1950s to the mid-1990s.", "title": "National anthem of South Africa" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is the national anthem of the United Kingdom and one of two national anthems used by New Zealand since 1977, as well as for several of the UK's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is also the royal anthem -- played specifically in the presence of the monarch -- of all the aforementioned countries, as well as Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980), Barbados and Tuvalu. In countries not previously part of the British Empire, the tune of ``God Save the Queen ''has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony. In the United States, the melody is used for the patriotic song`` My Country, 'Tis of Thee''. The melody is also used for the national anthem of Liechtenstein, ``Oben am jungen Rhein ''.", "title": "God Save the Queen" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1899 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905.", "title": "Lift Every Voice and Sing" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``La Marseillaise ''(French pronunciation: (la maʁsɛjɛːz)) is the national anthem of France. The song was written in 1792 by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in Strasbourg after the declaration of war by France against Austria, and was originally titled`` Chant de guerre pour l'Armée du Rhin'' (``War Song for the Rhine Army '').", "title": "La Marseillaise" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"Chant du Départ\" (French for \"Song of the Departure\") is a revolutionary and war song written by Étienne Nicolas Méhul (music) and Marie-Joseph Chénier (words) in 1794. It was the official anthem of the First Empire. It is also the regional anthem of French Guiana.", "title": "Chant du départ" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Lupang Hinirang ''((ˈlupaŋ hiˈniɾaŋ); originally in Spanish: Patria Adorada (ˈpatɾja aðoˈɾaða); English:`` Chosen Land'') is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julián Felipe, and the lyrics were adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899. Originally written it did not have lyrics when it was adopted as the anthem of the revolutionary First Philippine Republic and subsequently played during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898.", "title": "Lupang Hinirang" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Wilhelmus van Nassouwe\", usually known just as the \"Wilhelmus\" (; ; English translation: \"The William\"), is the national anthem of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It dates back to at least 1572, making it the national anthem with the oldest music. Although the \"Wilhelmus\" was not recognized as the official national anthem until 1932, it has always been popular with parts of the Dutch population and resurfaced on several occasions in the course of Dutch history before gaining its present status. It was also the anthem of the Netherlands Antilles from 1954 to 1964.", "title": "Wilhelmus" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye! (Russian: Славься, Отечество наше свободное!; Slav'sya, Otechestvo nashe svobodnoye!, lit. ``Be glorious, our free Fatherland! ''), officially known as the`` State Anthem of the Soviet Union'' (Russian: Государственный гимн СССР, tr. Gosudarstvenny Gimn SSSR) was introduced during World War II on 15 March 1944, replacing The Internationale as the official anthem of the Soviet Union and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913 -- 2009) in collaboration with Gabriel El - Registan (1899 -- 1945) and the music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883 -- 1946). Although the Soviet Union was dissolved in 1991, its national anthem's melody continues to be used in the Russian Federation's national anthem, which has different lyrics to the version used in the Soviet Union.", "title": "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" } ]	Who wrote the national anthem of the place S. Mahinda died?	Ananda Samarakoon	[]	Title: S. Mahinda Passage: S. Mahinda arrived in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) at a young age and was ordained as a Buddhist monk. Having learned the Sinhala language, he became a poet, creating several literary works inspiring patriotism among the Sinhalese and urging them to fight for their freedom during Sri Lankan Independence movement.. He is now considered a national hero of Sri Lanka and one among the greatest of Sinhalese poetry figures of all time. Title: Sri Lanka Matha Passage: There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio. Title: Chant du départ Passage: The "Chant du Départ" (French for "Song of the Departure") is a revolutionary and war song written by Étienne Nicolas Méhul (music) and Marie-Joseph Chénier (words) in 1794. It was the official anthem of the First Empire. It is also the regional anthem of French Guiana. Title: Motherland (anthem) Passage: "Motherland" is the national anthem of Mauritius. The music was composed by Philippe Gentil and the lyrics were written by Jean-Georges Prosper. The anthem is short and briefly describes the luscious landscape of Mauritius. It also mentions the qualities of its people: peace, justice, and liberty. Title: O Canada Passage: O Canada Sheet music for Canada's national anthem, in English, French, and Inuktitut National anthem of Canada Also known as French: Ô Canada Lyrics Adolphe - Basile Routhier (French, 1880), Robert Stanley Weir (English, 1908) Music Calixa Lavallée, 1880 Adopted July 1, 1980 Title: Trei culori Passage: Trei culori ("Three colours") was the national anthem of the Socialist Republic of Romania from 1977 until 1990. Since 1990, after the Romanian Revolution, it has been replaced by Deșteaptă-te, române!. Before 1977 the national anthem had been Te slăvim, Românie, introduced in 1953.	[ "S. Mahinda", "Sri Lanka Matha" ]
3hop1__159224_51602_90300	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "June 17–19, 2010During Petersburg Economic Forum, President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev visited the exhibit of the Commission on modernization and technological development of the economy of Russia, where he watched the demonstration of Corporation’s developments in the field of 3D TV, namely, the first Russian 3D channel – 3DV.", "title": "General Satellite" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By the time Oklahoma was admitted to the Union in 1907, Oklahoma City had surpassed Guthrie, the territorial capital, as the population center and commercial hub of the new state. Soon after, the capital was moved from Guthrie to Oklahoma City. Oklahoma City was a major stop on Route 66 during the early part of the 20th century; it was prominently mentioned in Bobby Troup's 1946 jazz classic, \"(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66\", later made famous by artist Nat King Cole.", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xichang Qingshan Airport () is an airport serving Xichang, the capital city of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, China. The airport started an expansion project in February 2010.", "title": "Xichang Qingshan Airport" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Both the Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). Sochi was selected as the host city in July 2007, during the 119th IOC Session held in Guatemala City. It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These were the first Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach.", "title": "2014 Winter Olympics" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ashes and Snow by Canadian artist Gregory Colbert is an installation of photographic artworks, films, and a novel in letters that travels in the Nomadic Museum, a temporary structure built exclusively to house the exhibition. The work explores the shared poetic sensibilities of human beings and animals. \"Ashes and Snow\" has traveled to Venice, New York City, Santa Monica, Tokyo, and Mexico City. To date, \"Ashes and Snow\" has attracted more than 10 million visitors, making it the most attended exhibition by a living artist in history.", "title": "Ashes and Snow" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Accra Milo Marathon is an annual event held in Accra, the capital city of Ghana. It has been held since 1987 and is still moving ahead. Winners of this event are usually sent to compete in the Amsterdam Marathon. It starts at the Point in Nungua and the finish line is at the Dansoman Keep Fit Club. It is normally run in September but sometimes October when the need arises.", "title": "Accra Milo Marathon" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heian - kyō (平安京, literally ``tranquility and peace capital '') was one of several former names for the city now known as Kyoto. It was the official capital of Japan for over one thousand years, from 794 to 1868 with an interruption in 1180.", "title": "Heian-kyō" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "São Salvador da Bahia de Todos os Santos (1534 -- 1763) Salvador (1572 -- 1578 / 1581) -- capital city of the State of Maranhão Salvador (1621 -- 1640) -- capital city of the State of Maranhão under the Iberian Union São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro (1572 -- 1578 / 1581) -- capital city of the State of Brazil Rio de Janeiro (1763 -- 1815) -- capital city of the Viceroyalty of Brazil Rio de Janeiro (1815 -- 1822) -- capital city of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves Rio de Janeiro (1822 -- 1889) -- capital city of the Empire of Brazil Rio de Janeiro (1889 -- 1960) -- capital city of the Republic of the United States of Brazil Brasília (1960 -- present) -- capital city of the Republic of the United States of Brazil, and since 1967 the Federative Republic of Brazil", "title": "Capitals of Brazil" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, making it Europe's most populated inland city. The city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basil's Cathedral with its brightly coloured domes. With over 40 percent of its territory covered by greenery, it is one of the greenest capitals and major cities in Europe and the world, having the largest forest in an urban area within its borders -- more than any other major city -- even before its expansion in 2012. The city has served as the capital of a progression of states, from the medieval Grand Duchy of Moscow and the subsequent Tsardom of Russia to the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union and the contemporary Russian Federation.", "title": "Moscow" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nanjing ( listen; Chinese: 南京, \"Southern Capital\") is the city situated in the heartland of lower Yangtze River region in China, which has long been a major centre of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism. It is the capital city of Jiangsu province of People's Republic of China and the second largest city in East China, with a total population of 8,216,100, and legally the capital of Republic of China which lost the mainland during the civil war. The city whose name means \"Southern Capital\" has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having served as the capitals of various Chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century AD to 1949. Prior to the advent of pinyin romanization, Nanjing's city name was spelled as Nanking or Nankin. Nanjing has a number of other names, and some historical names are now used as names of districts of the city, and among them there is the name Jiangning (江寧), whose former character Jiang (江, River) is the former part of the name Jiangsu and latter character Ning (寧, simplified form 宁, Peace) is the short name of Nanjing. When being the capital of a state, for instance, ROC, Jing (京) is adopted as the abbreviation of Nanjing. Although as a city located in southern part of China becoming Chinese national capital as early as in Jin dynasty, the name Nanjing was designated to the city in Ming dynasty, about a thousand years later. Nanjing is particularly known as Jinling (金陵, literally meaning Gold Mountain) and the old name has been used since the Warring States Period in Zhou Dynasty.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April.", "title": "Climate of Moscow" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shiraz, with a population of around 1.4 million (2011 census), is the sixth major city of Iran. It is the capital of Fars Province, and was also a former capital of Iran. The area was greatly influenced by the Babylonian civilization, and after the emergence of the ancient Persians, soon came to be known as Persis. Persians were present in the region since the 9th century BC, and became rulers of a large empire under the reign of the Achaemenid Dynasty in the 6th century BC. The ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae, two of the four capitals of the Achaemenid Empire, are located around the modern-day city of Shiraz.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the beginning of the 1930s, the Nazi Party's rise to power increased tensions between Germany and the Soviet Union along with other countries with ethnic Slavs, who were considered \"Untermenschen\" (inferior) according to Nazi racial ideology. Moreover, the anti-Semitic Nazis associated ethnic Jews with both communism and financial capitalism, both of which they opposed. Consequently, Nazi theory held that Slavs in the Soviet Union were being ruled by \"Jewish Bolshevik\" masters. In 1934, Hitler himself had spoken of an inescapable battle against both Pan-Slavism and Neo-Slavism, the victory in which would lead to \"permanent mastery of the world\", though he stated that they would \"walk part of the road with the Russians, if that will help us.\" The resulting manifestation of German anti-Bolshevism and an increase in Soviet foreign debts caused German–Soviet trade to dramatically decline.[b] Imports of Soviet goods to Germany fell to 223 million Reichsmarks in 1934 as the more isolationist Stalinist regime asserted power and the abandonment of post–World War I Treaty of Versailles military controls decreased Germany's reliance on Soviet imports.[clarification needed]", "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In February 20, 1988, after a week of growing demonstrations in Stepanakert, capital of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (the Armenian majority area within Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic), the Regional Soviet voted to secede and join with the Soviet Socialist Republic of Armenia. This local vote in a small, remote part of the Soviet Union made headlines around the world; it was an unprecedented defiance of republic and national authorities. On February 22, 1988, in what became known as the \"Askeran clash\", two Azerbaijanis were killed by Karabakh police. These deaths, announced on state radio, led to the Sumgait Pogrom. Between February 26 and March 1, the city of Sumgait (Azerbaijan) saw violent anti-Armenian rioting during which 32 people were killed. The authorities totally lost control and occupied the city with paratroopers and tanks; nearly all of the 14,000 Armenian residents of Sumgait fled.", "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stanislav Mikhaĭlovich Menʹshikov (; 12 May 1927; Moscow – 13 November 2014; Amsterdam), was a Russian economist and former Soviet diplomat. He is the author of numerous publications in Russian and English including \"The Anatomy of Russian Capitalism\", and a chapter in \"Capitalism, Communism and Coexistence\". Menshikov is married to fellow economist Larissa Klimenko-Menshikova and is currently Professor at the Central Economic Mathematical Institute at the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow.", "title": "Stanislav Menshikov" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet Union entered a series of Five - Year Plans which began in 1928 under the rule of Joseph Stalin. Stalin launched what would be referred as a ``revolution from above ''to improve the Soviet Union's domestic policy, more importantly centered around rapid industrialization and secondly, the collectivization of agriculture. His desire was to rid the country of all record that capitalism once existed there under the New Economic Policy.", "title": "First five-year plan" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gagarin became a national hero of the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc, and a worldwide celebrity. Moscow and other cities in the USSR held mass demonstrations, the scale of which was second only to the World War II Victory Parade of 1945. April 12 was declared Cosmonautics Day in the USSR, and is celebrated today in Russia as one of the official \"Commemorative Dates of Russia.\" In 2011, it was declared the International Day of Human Space Flight by the United Nations.", "title": "Space Race" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dnipro Metro (; ) is a single-line rapid transit system that serves the city of Dnipro, the fourth largest city in Ukraine by population. The metro was the third system constructed in Ukraine, after the Kiev and Kharkiv metro systems, respectively, when it opened on December 29, 1995. The metro was the fourteenth built in the former Soviet Union region, and the first to open after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.", "title": "Dnipro Metro" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chand kingdom was established by Som Chand, who came here from Kannauj near Allahabad, sometime in the 10th century, and displaced the Katyuri Kings (कत्यूरी नरेश), originally from Katyur valley near Joshimath, who had been ruling the area from the 7th century AD. He continued to call his state Kurmanchal, and established its capital in Champawat in Kali Kumaon, called so, due to its vicinity to river Kali. Many temples built in this former capital city, during the 11th and 12th century exist today, this include the Baleshwar and Nagnath temples.", "title": "Chand kings" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" } ]	When does it start to snow in the capitol of the former Soviet Union and current capitol of the country where the exhibit was held?	the beginning of November	[]	Title: Climate of Moscow Passage: Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April. Title: Ashes and Snow Passage: Ashes and Snow by Canadian artist Gregory Colbert is an installation of photographic artworks, films, and a novel in letters that travels in the Nomadic Museum, a temporary structure built exclusively to house the exhibition. The work explores the shared poetic sensibilities of human beings and animals. "Ashes and Snow" has traveled to Venice, New York City, Santa Monica, Tokyo, and Mexico City. To date, "Ashes and Snow" has attracted more than 10 million visitors, making it the most attended exhibition by a living artist in history. Title: 2014 Winter Olympics Passage: Both the Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). Sochi was selected as the host city in July 2007, during the 119th IOC Session held in Guatemala City. It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These were the first Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach. Title: Moscow Passage: Moscow is situated on the Moskva River in the Central Federal District of European Russia, making it Europe's most populated inland city. The city is well known for its architecture, particularly its historic buildings such as Saint Basil's Cathedral with its brightly coloured domes. With over 40 percent of its territory covered by greenery, it is one of the greenest capitals and major cities in Europe and the world, having the largest forest in an urban area within its borders -- more than any other major city -- even before its expansion in 2012. The city has served as the capital of a progression of states, from the medieval Grand Duchy of Moscow and the subsequent Tsardom of Russia to the Russian Empire to the Soviet Union and the contemporary Russian Federation. Title: General Satellite Passage: June 17–19, 2010During Petersburg Economic Forum, President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev visited the exhibit of the Commission on modernization and technological development of the economy of Russia, where he watched the demonstration of Corporation’s developments in the field of 3D TV, namely, the first Russian 3D channel – 3DV. Title: Stanislav Menshikov Passage: Stanislav Mikhaĭlovich Menʹshikov (; 12 May 1927; Moscow – 13 November 2014; Amsterdam), was a Russian economist and former Soviet diplomat. He is the author of numerous publications in Russian and English including "The Anatomy of Russian Capitalism", and a chapter in "Capitalism, Communism and Coexistence". Menshikov is married to fellow economist Larissa Klimenko-Menshikova and is currently Professor at the Central Economic Mathematical Institute at the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow.	[ "General Satellite", "Moscow", "Climate of Moscow" ]
2hop__262844_565667	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Veronika Schneider (born July 17, 1987 in Budapest, Hungary) is a Hungarian chess woman grandmaster. In 2011, she shared first position with Anna Rudolf and Ticia Gara in the Hungarian Women Chess Championship.", "title": "Veronika Schneider" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anna-Karin Hesse (1 August 1961 – 14 July 1983) was a Swedish alpine skier who competed in the 1980 Winter Olympics.", "title": "Anna-Karin Hesse" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bracht is a river of Hesse, Germany. It flows into the Kinzig in Wächtersbach. In large sections, it formed the border between the former Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, on the right bank, and the Kingdom of Prussia on the left bank. Even after the WWII, this administrative segregation continued in different districts.", "title": "Bracht (river)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Princess Anna of Hesse and by Rhine, third child and only daughter of Prince Karl of Hesse and by Rhine, and his wife, Princess Elisabeth of Prussia, was born at Bessungen, Grand Duchy of Hesse. Her paternal grandfather was Ludwig II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. Her mother was a granddaughter of King Friedrich Wilhelm II of Prussia.", "title": "Princess Anna of Hesse and by Rhine" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg (15 January 1547, Basel – 4 March 1590, Marburg) was a princess of Württemberg by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Marburg.", "title": "Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.", "title": "San Diego" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (30 July 1601 – 6 May 1659) was the daughter of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalena von Brandenburg. She was born in Darmstadt, Hesse.", "title": "Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a \"Middle Hills\" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local).", "title": "Hansapur, Rapti" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1866, Hesse-Homburg was inherited by the grand-duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, while Meisenheim fell to Prussia. Later that same year, these territories were taken from Hesse-Darmstadt again, and the former landgraviate was combined with the Electorate of Hesse-Kassel, duchy of Nassau, and the free city of Frankfurt to form the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau.", "title": "Hesse-Homburg" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (1 April 1692 – 13 May 1761) was a member of the House of Hesse and was Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld from 1721 to 1761.", "title": "William, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a Duchess (\"Herzogin\") of Saxony by birth and the Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II. She was the eldest surviving child of John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia. Her daughter Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt became Electress of the Palatinate.", "title": "Sophia Eleonore of Saxony" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum is a literary museum in St Petersburg, Russia, dedicated to the poet Anna Akhmatova (1889–1966). It opened in 1989 on the centennial of Akhmatova's birth.", "title": "Anna Akhmatova Literary and Memorial Museum" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ernest Constantine, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal (8 August 1771 in Philippsthal – 25 December 1849 in Meiningen) was a member of the House of Hesse and Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal from 1816 until his death.", "title": "Ernest Constantine, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Stellbergsee is a lake in Söhre, Landkreis Kassel and Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 356 m, its surface area is 0.014 km².", "title": "Stellbergsee" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Anna of Hesse (26 October 1529, Kassel – 10 July 1591, Meisenheim) was a princess of Hesse by birth and marriage Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken.", "title": "Anna of Hesse" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel () (31 October 1722, Kassel – 28 February 1787, Eutin) was a member of the House of Hesse-Kassel by birth, and of the House of Holstein-Gottorp through her marriage to Frederick Augustus I, Duke of Oldenburg. Ulrike was the Duchess consort of Oldenburg from 1774 until her husband's death on 6 July 1785.", "title": "Princess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anna Puu (born Anna Puustjärvi; February 3, 1982 in Outokumpu, Finland) is a Finnish pop singer. She placed second in Finland's \"Idols\" 2008 competition.", "title": "Anna Puu" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anna of Saxony (23 December 1544 – 18 December 1577) was the heiress of Maurice, Elector of Saxony, and Agnes, eldest daughter of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. Maurice's only son, Albert, died in infancy. Anna was the second wife of William the Silent.", "title": "Anna of Saxony" } ]	What district shares a border with the city where Anna of Hesse was born?	Schwalm-Eder-Kreis	[]	Title: Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt Passage: Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (30 July 1601 – 6 May 1659) was the daughter of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalena von Brandenburg. She was born in Darmstadt, Hesse. Title: Stellbergsee Passage: Stellbergsee is a lake in Söhre, Landkreis Kassel and Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 356 m, its surface area is 0.014 km². Title: Anna of Hesse Passage: Anna of Hesse (26 October 1529, Kassel – 10 July 1591, Meisenheim) was a princess of Hesse by birth and marriage Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken. Title: Sophia Eleonore of Saxony Passage: Sophia Eleonore of Saxony (23 November 1609 – 2 June 1671) was a Duchess ("Herzogin") of Saxony by birth and the Landgravine of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1627 to 1661 through her marriage to Landgrave George II. She was the eldest surviving child of John George I, Elector of Saxony, and Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia. Her daughter Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt became Electress of the Palatinate. Title: Hansapur, Rapti Passage: Hansapur is a Village Development Committee in Pyuthan, a "Middle Hills" district of Rapti Zone, western Nepal. The village lies to the north east of the district sharing its border mainly to Aargakhanchi. The area is mostly inhabited by Bhramins and other castes too. The village or VDC is prominently a developing area in the district with proper facilities of electricity and communication. The place is well established for ginger (Aduwa) and bee honey (Maha; local). Title: Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg Passage: Duchess Hedwig of Württemberg (15 January 1547, Basel – 4 March 1590, Marburg) was a princess of Württemberg by birth, and by marriage Landgravine of Hesse-Marburg.	[ "Stellbergsee", "Anna of Hesse" ]
2hop__32996_599261	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lyulin Peak (Vrah Lyulin \\'vr&h lyu-'lin\\) is a sharp double peak forming the east extremity of Delchev Ridge and Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peaks rise to approximately 200 m, have rocky, ice-free slopes and surmount Renier Point. The peaks are named after Lyulin Mountain in Bulgaria.", "title": "Lyulin Peak" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Istor-o-Nal is the third highest mountain in the Hindu Kush, in the Chitral District of the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan. It is the 68th highest independent peak in the world. It crowns a massif with eleven peaks of elevation more than . The peak is located a few kilometres northeast of Tirich Mir (the highest mountain in the Hindu Kush), across the Tirich Glacier. Because Istor-o-Nal is behind the higher peak of Tirich Mir from many viewpoints, it is not easily visible and therefore not well known.", "title": "Istor-o-Nal" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.", "title": "Columbia Point" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stewart Peak, elevation , is a summit in Colorado. The peak is the second highest thirteener (a peak between 13,000 and 13,999 feet in elevation) in the state. It is located in the La Garita Mountains, sub-range of the San Juan Mountains, in Saguache County, within the La Garita Wilderness. Stewart Peak is the 55th highest peak in Colorado by most standard definitions, just missing the list of Colorado fourteeners. At one time, the peak's elevation was measured to be over 14,000 ft and it was believed to be a fourteener, but more recent and accurate surveys have dropped it below that threshold.", "title": "Stewart Peak (Colorado)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Humboldt Peak is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The fourteener is located in the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, south-southwest (bearing 204°) of the Town of Westcliffe in Custer County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point.", "title": "Humboldt Peak (Colorado)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park.", "title": "Iide Mountains" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions.", "title": "Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little Bear Peak is a high mountain summit in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The fourteener is located on the Sierra Blanca Massif, north by east (bearing 6°) of the Town of Blanca, Colorado, United States, on the drainage divide separating Rio Grande National Forest and Alamosa County from the Sangre de Cristo Land Grant and Costilla County. Little Bear lies southwest of Blanca Peak, the ultra prominent fourteener that is the highest point of the massif.", "title": "Little Bear Peak" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Fernow is a tall peak in the North Cascades in the U.S. state of Washington and within the Glacier Peak Wilderness of the Wenatchee National Forest. At in elevation it is the eighth-highest peak in Washington and the state's third-highest non-volcanic peak. It is also the highest peak of the Entiat Mountains, a sub-range of the Cascades. Mount Fernow's prominence is , making it the sixtieth-most-prominent peak in Washington. The nearest higher peak is Bonanza Peak, to the north.", "title": "Mount Fernow" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Montgomery Peak is a mountain in the White Mountains of California, USA. It is less than from Boundary Peak, the highest point in Nevada; and it is taller than Boundary Peak. Boundary Peak has a prominence of less than 300 feet. Montgomery can be climbed in combination with Boundary Peak. The two peaks are in the Inyo National Forest and White Mountains Wilderness. Montgomery Peak is in Inyo County (California), and Boundary Peak is in Esmeralda County, in Nevada.", "title": "Montgomery Peak" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Garfield Peak is a high mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located south-southwest (bearing 197°) of Independence Pass, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating San Isabel National Forest and Chaffee County from White River National Forest and Pitkin County. Garfield Peak was named in honor of James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States.", "title": "Garfield Peak (Colorado)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak is an 1863 landscape oil painting by the German-American painter Albert Bierstadt. It is based on sketches made during Bierstadt's travels with Frederick W. Lander's Honey Road Survey Party in 1859. The painting shows Lander's Peak in the Wind River Range of the Rocky Mountains, with an encampment of Native Americans in the foreground. It has been compared to, and exhibited with, \"The Heart of the Andes\" by Frederic Edwin Church. \"Lander's Peak\" immediately became a critical and popular success and sold in 1865 for $25,000.", "title": "The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sawtooth Range is a mountain range of the Rocky Mountains in central Idaho, United States, reaching a maximum elevation of at the summit of Thompson Peak. It encompass an area of spanning parts of Custer, Boise, Blaine, and Elmore counties, and is bordered to the east by the Sawtooth Valley. Much of the mountain range is within the Sawtooth Wilderness, part of the Sawtooth National Recreation Area and Sawtooth National Forest.", "title": "Sawtooth Range (Idaho)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ebony Peak at above sea level is an unofficially named peak in the White Cloud Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County from Washington Peak, its line parent. It is the 265th highest peak in Idaho.", "title": "Ebony Peak" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Sister is the highest independent mountain completely within Lyon County in Nevada, United States. It is located within the Sweetwater Mountains just a short distance north of the highest point in Lyon County on the northeast ridge of Middle Sister. The peak is within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.", "title": "East Sister (Nevada)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Sir Wilfrid Laurier is the highest peak of the Cariboo Mountains in the east-central interior of British Columbia, Canada. The mountain is part of the Premier Range, which is located just west of Valemount.", "title": "Mount Sir Wilfrid Laurier" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mummy Mountain is the second highest peak of the Spring Mountains in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is the twentieth highest mountain in the state. The mountain is located within the Mount Charleston Wilderness and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.", "title": "Mummy Mountain (Nevada)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Washington Peak at above sea level is a peak in the White Cloud Mountains of Idaho. The peak is located in Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Custer County from Fourth of July Peak, its line parent. It is the 264th highest peak in Idaho.", "title": "Washington Peak (Idaho)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pukeashun Mountain is a peak in the Monashee Range in British Columbia, Canada. It is the highest point in the Adams Plateau, part of the Shuswap Highlands. The peak is the main feature of Pukeashun Provincial Park. Its name means \"white rock\" in the local Secwepemc language.", "title": "Pukeashun Mountain" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Great Plains come to an abrupt end at the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountains form a large portion of the Western U.S., entering from Canada and stretching nearly to Mexico. The Rocky Mountain region is the highest region of the United States by average elevation. The Rocky Mountains generally contain fairly mild slopes and wider peaks compared to some of the other great mountain ranges, with a few exceptions (such as the Teton Mountains in Wyoming and the Sawatch Range in Colorado). The highest peaks of the Rockies are found in Colorado, the tallest peak being Mount Elbert at 14,440 ft (4,400 m). The Rocky Mountains contain some of the most spectacular, and well known scenery in the world. In addition, instead of being one generally continuous and solid mountain range, it is broken up into a number of smaller, intermittent mountain ranges, forming a large series of basins and valleys.", "title": "Geography of the United States" } ]	What mountain range in the state where the highest peaks of the Rockies are is Humboldt Peak a part of?	Sangre de Cristo Range	[]	Title: Iide Mountains Passage: The or is a mountain range that spans the Fukushima, Niigata and Yamagata prefectures in Japan. Its highest peak is at 2,128m, and the main peak of the range is Mount Iide at 2,105m above sea level. The range contains a number of peaks higher than 2000m and is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park. Title: Lyulin Peak Passage: Lyulin Peak (Vrah Lyulin \'vr&h lyu-'lin\) is a sharp double peak forming the east extremity of Delchev Ridge and Tangra Mountains, eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The peaks rise to approximately 200 m, have rocky, ice-free slopes and surmount Renier Point. The peaks are named after Lyulin Mountain in Bulgaria. Title: The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak Passage: The Rocky Mountains, Lander's Peak is an 1863 landscape oil painting by the German-American painter Albert Bierstadt. It is based on sketches made during Bierstadt's travels with Frederick W. Lander's Honey Road Survey Party in 1859. The painting shows Lander's Peak in the Wind River Range of the Rocky Mountains, with an encampment of Native Americans in the foreground. It has been compared to, and exhibited with, "The Heart of the Andes" by Frederic Edwin Church. "Lander's Peak" immediately became a critical and popular success and sold in 1865 for $25,000. Title: Humboldt Peak (Colorado) Passage: Humboldt Peak is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The fourteener is located in the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, south-southwest (bearing 204°) of the Town of Westcliffe in Custer County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point. Title: Geography of the United States Passage: The Great Plains come to an abrupt end at the Rocky Mountains. The Rocky Mountains form a large portion of the Western U.S., entering from Canada and stretching nearly to Mexico. The Rocky Mountain region is the highest region of the United States by average elevation. The Rocky Mountains generally contain fairly mild slopes and wider peaks compared to some of the other great mountain ranges, with a few exceptions (such as the Teton Mountains in Wyoming and the Sawatch Range in Colorado). The highest peaks of the Rockies are found in Colorado, the tallest peak being Mount Elbert at 14,440 ft (4,400 m). The Rocky Mountains contain some of the most spectacular, and well known scenery in the world. In addition, instead of being one generally continuous and solid mountain range, it is broken up into a number of smaller, intermittent mountain ranges, forming a large series of basins and valleys. Title: Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada) Passage: Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions.	[ "Humboldt Peak (Colorado)", "Geography of the United States" ]
2hop__151057_15815	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samsung Galaxy Alpha is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. Unveiled on 13 August 2014, the device was released in September 2014. A high - end device, the Galaxy Alpha is Samsung's first smartphone to incorporate a metallic frame, although the remainder of its physical appearance still resembles previous models such as the Galaxy S5. It also incorporates Samsung's new Exynos 5430 system - on - chip, which is the first mobile system - on - chip to use a 20 nanometer manufacturing process.", "title": "Samsung Galaxy Alpha" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state - run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day on every day of the year, though some routes may operate only part - time.", "title": "New York City Subway" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom. This is the system which would eventually be officially deployed as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or the colloquial \"NES\". Nintendo seeded these first systems to limited American test markets starting in New York City on October 18, 1985, following up with a full-fledged North American release of the console in February of the following year. Nintendo released 17 launch titles: 10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt, Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber, Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros.h[›] Some varieties of these launch games contained Famicom chips with an adapter inside the cartridge so they would play on North American consoles, which is why the title screen of Gyromite has the Famicom title \"Robot Gyro\" and the title screen of Stack-Up has the Famicom title \"Robot Block\".", "title": "Nintendo Entertainment System" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven Days in New Crete, also known as Watch the North Wind Rise, is a seminal future-utopian speculative fiction novel by Robert Graves, first published in 1949. It shares many themes and ideas with Graves' \"The White Goddess\", published a year earlier.", "title": "Seven Days in New Crete" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Staten Island Railway rapid transit system solely serves Staten Island, operating 24 hours a day. The Port Authority Trans-Hudson (PATH train) links Midtown and Lower Manhattan to northeastern New Jersey, primarily Hoboken, Jersey City, and Newark. Like the New York City Subway, the PATH operates 24 hours a day; meaning three of the six rapid transit systems in the world which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York (the others are a portion of the Chicago 'L', the PATCO Speedline serving Philadelphia, and the Copenhagen Metro).", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tetrisphere is a falling block puzzle video game for the Nintendo 64 (N64) console. Developed by Canadian company H2O Entertainment, a nearly complete version of the game was originally slated for release on the Atari Jaguar in early 1995. After Nintendo obtained its publishing rights, \"Tetrisphere\" was reworked for the N64 and released on the platform in North America on August 11, 1997, and the PAL regions in February 1998.", "title": "Tetrisphere" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wall Street Journal is an American business - focused, English - language international daily newspaper based in New York City. The Journal, along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp. The newspaper is published in the broadsheet format and online.", "title": "The Wall Street Journal" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Broncos radically changed their logo and uniforms in 1997, a design that the team continues to use to this day. The new logos and uniforms were unveiled on February 4, 1997. Navy blue replaced royal blue on the team's color scheme. The current logo is a profile of a horse's head, with an orange mane and navy blue outlines. The Broncos' popular live animal mascot Thunder was the inspiration to incorporate a horse - head profile as part of the logo on the team's helmets. During a February 4, 1997 press conference introducing the new logo, the team president and the art director for Nike, who were the creators of the new design, described it as ``a powerful horse with a fiery eye and mane. ''", "title": "Denver Broncos" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down is the eleventh book in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series by Jeff Kinney. The book was unveiled during the 2016 Diary of a Wimpy Kid Virtually Live Event. The book was published on November 1, 2016. The real book trailer was released on October 17, 2016.", "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Publishers from different factions of the Latter Day Saint movement have published different chapter and verse notation systems. The two most significant are the LDS system, introduced in 1879, and the RLDS system, which is based on the original 1830 chapter divisions.", "title": "Book of Mormon" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Morning (formerly New Day, Breakfast at The New RO in the case of Ottawa, and A-Channel Morning) is a morning television show that formerly aired on Canada's CHRO-TV in Ottawa and the other stations in the A system (except for A Atlantic).", "title": "A Morning" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samsung Galaxy Grand Prime Plus is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. It was unveiled and released in November 2016. It has an advanced 64 - bit class system on a chip (SoC) backed by 1.5 GB RAM.", "title": "Samsung Galaxy J2 Prime" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Getaway is the twelfth book in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series by Jeff Kinney. The book was unveiled during the 2017 Diary of a Wimpy Kid Virtually Live Event which was live streamed via YouTube as part of the 10th anniversary of the first book. The book was published and released on November 7, 2017.", "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Getaway" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "PL-01 is a Polish light tank mockup created by OBRUM with support from BAE Systems, based on the Swedish CV90120-T light tank. The concept vehicle was first unveiled at the International Defence Industry Exhibition in Kielce on 2 September 2013.", "title": "PL-01" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HD 11964 c is an extrasolar planet approximately 110 light-years away in the constellation of Cetus. The planet was discovered in a close-orbit around the yellow subgiant star HD 11964. The planet has a minimum mass 35 times the mass of Earth and is located in a mildly eccentric orbit which takes almost 38 days to complete. HD 11964 c was a possible planet discovered on the same day as HD 11964 b in 2005. HD 11964 c was first proposed in a paper published in 2007, and finally confirmed with new data presented in a review of multi-planet systems which appeared on the arXiv preprint website in 2008.", "title": "HD 11964 c" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ada News is a daily newspaper published five days a week in Ada, Oklahoma. The publication's coverage area includes Pontotoc County and portions of Coal County, Garvin County, Hughes County, Johnston County, Murray County and Seminole County. The newspaper is published Tuesday through Friday and Saturday.", "title": "Ada Evening News" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United Provinces of New Granada was a country in South America from 1811 to 1816, a period known in Colombian history as the \"Patria Boba\". It was formed from areas of the New Kingdom of Granada, roughly corresponding to the territory of modern-day Colombia. The government was a federation with a parliamentary system, consisting of a weak executive and strong congress. The country was reconquered by Spain in 1816.", "title": "United Provinces of New Granada" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Volkswagen Taigun is a new subcompact crossover SUV, which was to be unveiled by the Volkswagen Group for the model year of 2016.", "title": "Volkswagen Taigun" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jornal Tribuna de Macau () is one of three Portuguese-language newspapers in the Special Administrative Region of Macau, in the People's Republic of China. It is published seven days a week, appearing in the morning, and covers both local and international news.", "title": "Jornal Tribuna de Macau" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": ") was a Flemish zoologist, specialized in marine mammals, and an esperantist. He published a lot of scientific and popularizing articles in Dutch, English, French and Esperanto. He projected an entirely new system for the naming and classification of animals and plants.", "title": "Wim De Smet" } ]	When did the publisher of Tetrisphere unveil their new systems?	October 18, 1985	[]	Title: PL-01 Passage: PL-01 is a Polish light tank mockup created by OBRUM with support from BAE Systems, based on the Swedish CV90120-T light tank. The concept vehicle was first unveiled at the International Defence Industry Exhibition in Kielce on 2 September 2013. Title: Samsung Galaxy J2 Prime Passage: Samsung Galaxy Grand Prime Plus is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. It was unveiled and released in November 2016. It has an advanced 64 - bit class system on a chip (SoC) backed by 1.5 GB RAM. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom. This is the system which would eventually be officially deployed as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or the colloquial "NES". Nintendo seeded these first systems to limited American test markets starting in New York City on October 18, 1985, following up with a full-fledged North American release of the console in February of the following year. Nintendo released 17 launch titles: 10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt, Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber, Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros.h[›] Some varieties of these launch games contained Famicom chips with an adapter inside the cartridge so they would play on North American consoles, which is why the title screen of Gyromite has the Famicom title "Robot Gyro" and the title screen of Stack-Up has the Famicom title "Robot Block". Title: A Morning Passage: A Morning (formerly New Day, Breakfast at The New RO in the case of Ottawa, and A-Channel Morning) is a morning television show that formerly aired on Canada's CHRO-TV in Ottawa and the other stations in the A system (except for A Atlantic). Title: Tetrisphere Passage: Tetrisphere is a falling block puzzle video game for the Nintendo 64 (N64) console. Developed by Canadian company H2O Entertainment, a nearly complete version of the game was originally slated for release on the Atari Jaguar in early 1995. After Nintendo obtained its publishing rights, "Tetrisphere" was reworked for the N64 and released on the platform in North America on August 11, 1997, and the PAL regions in February 1998. Title: United Provinces of New Granada Passage: The United Provinces of New Granada was a country in South America from 1811 to 1816, a period known in Colombian history as the "Patria Boba". It was formed from areas of the New Kingdom of Granada, roughly corresponding to the territory of modern-day Colombia. The government was a federation with a parliamentary system, consisting of a weak executive and strong congress. The country was reconquered by Spain in 1816.	[ "Nintendo Entertainment System", "Tetrisphere" ]
2hop__673456_51612	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida ''features the ballad`` Ready, Set, Do n't Go'' by Billy Ray Cyrus. It details his feelings concerning his daughter Miley's move to Los Angeles to star in Hannah Montana, while he stayed behind in Nashville. The episode also features the song ``If Cupid Had a Heart '', by Julie Griffin, and written by Gordon Pogoda. Mikayla (Selena Gomez), lip - syncs it in the episode. A soundtrack for the season featuring 10 songs sung by Miley Cyrus as Hannah Montana was released on June 26, 2007.", "title": "Hannah Montana (season 2)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mitchel Tate Musso (born July 9, 1991) is an American actor, musician, and singer, best known for his three Disney Channel roles as Oliver Oken/Mike Standley III in \"Hannah Montana\"; Jeremy Johnson in the animated series \"Phineas and Ferb\"; and his Disney XD role as King Brady on \"Pair of Kings\". He was the host of Disney Channel's \"PrankStars\".", "title": "Mitchel Musso" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season of the television series Hannah Montana was aired on Disney Channel from March 24, 2006 to March 30, 2007, and included 26 episodes. It introduces the five main characters of the series and Miley Stewart's situation of living a secret double life as a teen pop star. The season also introduces several significant recurring characters such as Roxy Roker, Jake Ryan, and Rico Suave.", "title": "Hannah Montana (season 1)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Liberty Bowl, officially the AutoZone Liberty Bowl for sponsorship purposes, is an annual American college football bowl game played in late December or early January since 1959. Since 1965, the game has been held at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. For its first five years, it was played in Philadelphia. Since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis - based auto parts retailer AutoZone. Because of the scheduling of the bowl game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015, while two games were played in calendar years 2010 and 2016.", "title": "Liberty Bowl" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wanna Know You\" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album \"Hannah Montana 3\". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, \"Hannah Montana 3\" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States.", "title": "I Wanna Know You" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Supergirl\" is a pop song by American recording artist and actress Miley Cyrus, performing as Hannah Montana – the alter ego of Miley Stewart – a character she played on the Disney Channel television series \"Hannah Montana\". The song was written by Kara DioGuardi, in collaboration with Daniel James, and produced by Dreamlab. \"Supergirl\" was released on August 28, 2009, by Walt Disney Records as the lead and only single from the series' third soundtrack, \"Hannah Montana 3\". A karaoke version is available in \"Disney's Karaoke Series: Hannah Montana 3\". The song is characterized by dance-pop elements in its musical composition and contains lyrics regarding the lows of pop stardom.", "title": "Supergirl (Hannah Montana song)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Liberty Walk\" is a song by American recording artist Miley Cyrus, from her third studio album \"Can't Be Tamed\" (2010). It was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, Tim James, Nicholas J. Scapa, John Read Fasse and Michael McGinnis, and produced by Armato, James and Paul Palmer under their stage-name Rock Mafia. Cyrus explained that the theme of female empowerment was a lyrical inspiration for the song. Musically, \"Liberty Walk\" is an uptempo dance-pop song which also contains rapped verses. Critical reception of the song was generally mixed, however, the majority of reviewers criticized the rapped verses and described the overall song as \"dull\". Despite not being released as a single, \"Liberty Walk\" peaked at number three on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart and number 79 on the Canadian Hot 100 due to strong digital downloads.", "title": "Liberty Walk" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Love Shine a Light ''was the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest 1997, performed by Katrina and the Waves as the 1997 Eurovision entrant by the UK and the lead single from the album Walk on Water. It is the group's biggest success since`` Walking on Sunshine'' 12 years earlier.", "title": "Love Shine a Light" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Witch Doctor ''is a song performed by Ross Bagdasarian Sr., and released in 1958 by Liberty Records under the stage name David Seville.", "title": "Witch Doctor (song)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana.", "title": "I'll Always Remember You" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was later re-recorded in 2009 as a duet with fellow Disney Channel actor Corbin Bleu for the Hannah Montana 3 soundtrack album.", "title": "If We Were a Movie" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a trick play in American football named after the 1886 Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World).", "title": "Statue of Liberty play" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series \"Hannah Montana\", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles.", "title": "Hannah Montana Forever" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Achy Jakey Heart\" is a two-part episode of the television series \"Hannah Montana\". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title \"Achy Jakey Heart\" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song \"Achy Breaky Heart\".", "title": "Achy Jakey Heart" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Favorite TV Show Favorite TV Actor iCarly Big Time Rush The Suite Life on Deck Wizards of Waverly Place Dylan Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Zack Martin Joe Jonas -- Jonas as Joseph ``Joe ''Lucas Nick Jonas -- Jonas as Nicholas`` Nick'' Lucas Cole Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Cody Martin Favorite TV Actress Favorite TV Sidekick Selena Gomez -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Alex Russo Miranda Cosgrove -- iCarly as Carly Shay Miley Cyrus -- Hannah Montana as Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana Victoria Justice -- Victorious as Tori Vega Jennette McCurdy -- iCarly as Sam Puckett David Henrie -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Justin Russo Noah Munck -- iCarly as Gibby Gibson Brenda Song -- The Suite Life on Deck as London Tipton Favorite Reality Show Favorite Cartoon American Idol America's Funniest Home Videos America's Got Talent Wipeout SpongeBob SquarePants The Penguins of Madagascar Phineas and Ferb Scooby - Doo! Mystery Incorporated", "title": "2011 Kids' Choice Awards" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother, and her friends while also starring Cyrus's country singer father Billy Ray Cyrus as her dad.", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on \"Hannah Montana\". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T.", "title": "Hayley Chase" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with ``JULY IV MDCCLXXVI ''(July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet as she walks forward. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.", "title": "Statue of Liberty" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The theme song for Hannah Montana is \"The Best of Both Worlds\" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series.", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola.", "title": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert" } ]	Who did the performer of Liberty Walk play in Hannah Montana?	Miley Stewart	[ "Hannah Montana" ]	Title: I'll Always Remember You Passage: ``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana. Title: Liberty Bowl Passage: The Liberty Bowl, officially the AutoZone Liberty Bowl for sponsorship purposes, is an annual American college football bowl game played in late December or early January since 1959. Since 1965, the game has been held at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. For its first five years, it was played in Philadelphia. Since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis - based auto parts retailer AutoZone. Because of the scheduling of the bowl game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015, while two games were played in calendar years 2010 and 2016. Title: Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert Passage: Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola. Title: Liberty Walk Passage: "Liberty Walk" is a song by American recording artist Miley Cyrus, from her third studio album "Can't Be Tamed" (2010). It was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, Tim James, Nicholas J. Scapa, John Read Fasse and Michael McGinnis, and produced by Armato, James and Paul Palmer under their stage-name Rock Mafia. Cyrus explained that the theme of female empowerment was a lyrical inspiration for the song. Musically, "Liberty Walk" is an uptempo dance-pop song which also contains rapped verses. Critical reception of the song was generally mixed, however, the majority of reviewers criticized the rapped verses and described the overall song as "dull". Despite not being released as a single, "Liberty Walk" peaked at number three on the U.S. "Billboard" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart and number 79 on the Canadian Hot 100 due to strong digital downloads. Title: Hayley Chase Passage: Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on "Hannah Montana". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T. Title: Hannah Montana Passage: Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother, and her friends while also starring Cyrus's country singer father Billy Ray Cyrus as her dad.	[ "Liberty Walk", "Hannah Montana" ]
2hop__501013_3953	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John C. Kimball High School (KHS) is an American public comprehensive high school in Tracy, California, south of 11th Street on Lammers Road. Kimball High School is the third comprehensive high school in the Tracy Unified School District. The first day of school was August 12, 2009 with an enrollment of 1,472 students.", "title": "John C. Kimball High School" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cestyll Garden is a secluded garden with picturesque sea views near Cemaes on the north west coast of the island of Anglesey in North Wales, United Kingdom.", "title": "Cestyll Garden" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deer High School (DHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Deer, Arkansas, United States. DHS provides secondary education for approximately 95 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Newton County and one of two high schools administered by the Deer/Mount Judea School District.", "title": "Deer High School" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Finland has used comprehensive schools since the 1970s, in the sense that everyone is expected to complete the nine grades of peruskoulu, from the age 7 to 16. The division to lower comprehensive school (grades 1–6, ala-aste, alakoulu) and upper comprehensive school (grades 7–9, yläaste, yläkoulu) has been discontinued.", "title": "Comprehensive school" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belton-Honea Path High School (BHP) is a comprehensive, co-educational, public secondary school located in Honea Path, South Carolina, United States. It is the only public high school serving Honea Path and Belton. The school is accredited by the South Carolina Department of Education and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.", "title": "Belton-Honea Path High School" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cumberland High School is a co-educational comprehensive secondary school (high school) located in the north-western metropolitan Western Sydney region of New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Cumberland High School (Carlingford)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Deninu School" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Santa Maria High School (SMHS) is a public comprehensive high school in Santa Maria, California, United States. Located in the heart of the city, Santa Maria High School is the oldest school in the Santa Maria Valley and is part of the oldest high school district in California. The Santa Maria Joint Union High School District was founded on June 6, 1893.", "title": "Santa Maria High School" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).", "title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The first comprehensives were set up after the Second World War. In 1946, for example, Walworth School was one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up by the London County Council Another early comprehensive school was Holyhead County School in Anglesey in 1949. Other early examples of comprehensive schools included Woodlands Boys School in Coventry (opened in 1954) and Tividale Comprehensive School in Tipton.", "title": "Comprehensive school" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Atlantic County Vocational School District is a comprehensive vocational public school district serving the vocational and training needs of high school students in ninth through twelfth grades and adults from Atlantic County, New Jersey, United States. Both of the district's schools are located in the Mays Landing section of Hamilton Township.", "title": "Atlantic County Vocational School District" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Glenn Hills Comprehensive High School is a public high school located in the South Augusta area of Augusta, Georgia, United States. It opened in 1967.", "title": "Glenn Hills High School" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1994–95 Cymru Alliance was the fifth season of the Cymru Alliance after its establishment in 1990. The league was won by Cemaes Bay.", "title": "1994–95 Cymru Alliance" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Figtree High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located on Gibsons Road in Figtree, a suburb of Wollongong, in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Figtree High School" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithia Springs High School is a public high school located on East County Line Road, in Lithia Springs, Georgia, United States. It is also known as Lithia Springs Comprehensive High School. It was the second high school to open in the Douglas County School District.", "title": "Lithia Springs High School" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gibraltar opened its first comprehensive school in 1972. Between the ages of 12 and 16 two comprehensive schools cater for girls and boys separately. Students may also continue into the sixth form to complete their A-levels.", "title": "Comprehensive school" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Middleton High School is a comprehensive public secondary school located in the city of Middleton, Wisconsin. It was established in 1879. Part of the Middleton-Cross Plains School District, the school serves more than 2,000 students in grades 9 to 12 from the Middleton and Cross Plains areas. Middleton High School's mascot is the cardinal. The school colors are white and maroon. Its athletic teams play at the WIAA Division 1 level in the WIAA Big Eight Conference.", "title": "Middleton High School (Middleton, Wisconsin)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Galston High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Galston, a suburb in the Hills District of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Galston High School" } ]	What comprehensive school was established on the island where Cemaes is located?	Holyhead County School	[]	Title: Comprehensive school Passage: Gibraltar opened its first comprehensive school in 1972. Between the ages of 12 and 16 two comprehensive schools cater for girls and boys separately. Students may also continue into the sixth form to complete their A-levels. Title: Comprehensive school Passage: The first comprehensives were set up after the Second World War. In 1946, for example, Walworth School was one of five 'experimental' comprehensive schools set up by the London County Council Another early comprehensive school was Holyhead County School in Anglesey in 1949. Other early examples of comprehensive schools included Woodlands Boys School in Coventry (opened in 1954) and Tividale Comprehensive School in Tipton. Title: Deninu School Passage: Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Deer High School Passage: Deer High School (DHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Deer, Arkansas, United States. DHS provides secondary education for approximately 95 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Newton County and one of two high schools administered by the Deer/Mount Judea School District. Title: Cestyll Garden Passage: Cestyll Garden is a secluded garden with picturesque sea views near Cemaes on the north west coast of the island of Anglesey in North Wales, United Kingdom. Title: 1994–95 Cymru Alliance Passage: The 1994–95 Cymru Alliance was the fifth season of the Cymru Alliance after its establishment in 1990. The league was won by Cemaes Bay.	[ "Cestyll Garden", "Comprehensive school" ]
2hop__140533_750102	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Krypton Factor is a British game show produced by Granada Television for broadcast on ITV. The show originally ran from 7 September 1977 to 20 November 1995, and was hosted by Gordon Burns and usually broadcast on the ITV network on Mondays at 7pm.", "title": "The Krypton Factor" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Tuxedo Begins\" is the eighth episode of the sixth season of the American television comedy series \"30 Rock\", and the 111th overall episode of the series. It was directed by John Riggi, and written by Josh Siegal and Dylan Morgan. The episode originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) network in the United States on February 16, 2012. Guest stars in this episode include Will Forte and Steve Buscemi.", "title": "The Tuxedo Begins" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Piers Morgan On... is a British television travelogue programme presented by journalist Piers Morgan, broadcast on ITV in the United Kingdom. In the series he visited Dubai, Monte Carlo, Hollywood, Las Vegas, Marbella and Shanghai.", "title": "Piers Morgan On..." }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Power of Women was an early American television program broadcast on the DuMont Television Network. The series ran from July to November of 1952. This thirty-minute-long series was a public affairs program originally hosted by Vivien Kellems. Kellems would leave partway through the series' run.", "title": "The Power of Women" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Studio Wrestling was a live professional wrestling show broadcast from WIIC-TV Channel 11 in Pittsburgh every Saturday evening. In 1959, WIIC began broadcasting professional wrestling from their studio located in Fineview. The show was hosted by Bill Cardille through most of its run, although he was not the original host. The primary directors were Chuck Moyer and Jack Bleriot.", "title": "Studio Wrestling" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "C'mon, Have A Go! was an Australian television game show broadcast on the Seven Network in 1985 and 1986. The show was hosted by Tony Young.", "title": "C'mon, Have A Go!" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hazel Scott Show was an early American television program broadcast on the now defunct DuMont Television Network. The series, hosted by Hazel Scott, ran during the summer of 1950, and is most notable for being one of the first U.S. network television series to be hosted by any person of African descent.", "title": "The Hazel Scott Show" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Celebrity Dog School was a short-lived Australian reality series which aired on Network Ten. It was based on the original version aired in the UK. The show was hosted by Larry Emdur, who also hosted \"The Price is Right\" on the Nine Network, and \"Wheel of Fortune\" on the Seven Network. It was a Pett Productions format for BBC Worldwide, produced by Freehand Group Pty Limited.", "title": "Celebrity Dog School" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taken Out is an Australian television dating game show that was originally broadcast on Network Ten between 1 September 2008 and 26 February 2009. The format was developed by FremantleMedia and was hosted by James Kerley.", "title": "Taken Out" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season of America's Got Talent premiered on June 21, 2006 and concluded on August 17, 2006. The audition tour took place in April 2006, stopping at Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago. Regis Philbin was the host for this season. David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan were the judges. This season's winner was Bianca Ryan.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 1)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The DuMont Evening News was an American news program which aired Monday through Friday at 7:15pm ET on the DuMont Television Network during the 1954–1955 season. Presented by Morgan Beatty, the 15-minute show was the network's third and final attempt at a nightly news broadcast.", "title": "DuMont Evening News" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mysteries and Scandals (also known as Mysteries & Scandals) is an American television program hosted by A.J. Benza. The series was originally broadcast on the E! network from March 1998 until February 2001.", "title": "Mysteries and Scandals" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The original judging panel consisted of David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan. Sharon Osbourne replaced Norwood in season two (2007), and Howie Mandel replaced Hasselhoff in season five (2010). Howard Stern replaced Morgan in season seven (2012). Mel B replaced Osbourne in season eight (2013), while Heidi Klum joined as a fourth judge. Simon Cowell replaced Stern in season eleven (2016). Regis Philbin was the original host (season one), followed by Jerry Springer for two seasons (2007 -- 2008), followed by Nick Cannon for eight seasons (2009 -- 2016). Supermodel and host Tyra Banks replaced Cannon for the twelfth season (2017).", "title": "America's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fifth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered in the United States on the NBC network and on Canada's Global on June 1, 2010. Soul singer Michael Grimm was named the winner on September 15, 2010, beating 10 - year - old classical crossover singer Jackie Evancho. Piers Morgan and Sharon Osbourne returned as judges. After four seasons on the show, David Hasselhoff left to host a new show and was replaced by Howie Mandel.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 5)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Piers Morgan Live (formerly known as Piers Morgan Tonight) is an American television talk show that was hosted by Piers Morgan and broadcast on CNN. The show premiered on January 17, 2011, and filled in the former \"Larry King Live\" timeslot. It was announced as cancelled on February 23, 2014, after a continuous drop in ratings, and broadcast its last episode on March 28, 2014.", "title": "Piers Morgan Live" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alan Jones Live was a nightly Australian current affairs and talk-back television program that aired on Network Ten from 31 January 1994 to 28 April 1994. Hosted by then 2UE Sydney radio broadcaster Alan Jones, it aired nationally at 7:00 pm each weeknight and was repeated at 11:30 pm.", "title": "Alan Jones Live" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum.", "title": "Santa Monica, California" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "CNN Today is a global news program on CNN International aimed as a morning show for Asia. The show airs weekdays from 5am to 5:30am and 6am to 8am HKT.", "title": "CNN Today" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Al Morgan Show is an American variety program broadcast on the DuMont Television Network from 1949 to 1951. The series starred pianist and songwriter Al Morgan (1915-1989).", "title": "The Al Morgan Show" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "America's Got Talent Season 2 Broadcast from June 5 -- August 21, 2007 Judges David Hasselhoff Piers Morgan Sharon Osbourne Host (s) Jerry Springer Broadcaster NBC Website Official website Winner Terry Fator Terry Fator with his character Julius. Origin Mesquite, Texas Runner - up Cas Haley Chronology ◀ 2007 ▶", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 2)" } ]	Who is the original broadcaster of the Today show bearing the name of the network that hosts Piers Morgan Live?	CNN International	[]	Title: CNN Today Passage: CNN Today is a global news program on CNN International aimed as a morning show for Asia. The show airs weekdays from 5am to 5:30am and 6am to 8am HKT. Title: Santa Monica, California Passage: The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum. Title: America's Got Talent (season 1) Passage: The first season of America's Got Talent premiered on June 21, 2006 and concluded on August 17, 2006. The audition tour took place in April 2006, stopping at Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago. Regis Philbin was the host for this season. David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan were the judges. This season's winner was Bianca Ryan. Title: The Krypton Factor Passage: The Krypton Factor is a British game show produced by Granada Television for broadcast on ITV. The show originally ran from 7 September 1977 to 20 November 1995, and was hosted by Gordon Burns and usually broadcast on the ITV network on Mondays at 7pm. Title: Piers Morgan Live Passage: Piers Morgan Live (formerly known as Piers Morgan Tonight) is an American television talk show that was hosted by Piers Morgan and broadcast on CNN. The show premiered on January 17, 2011, and filled in the former "Larry King Live" timeslot. It was announced as cancelled on February 23, 2014, after a continuous drop in ratings, and broadcast its last episode on March 28, 2014. Title: America's Got Talent (season 2) Passage: America's Got Talent Season 2 Broadcast from June 5 -- August 21, 2007 Judges David Hasselhoff Piers Morgan Sharon Osbourne Host (s) Jerry Springer Broadcaster NBC Website Official website Winner Terry Fator Terry Fator with his character Julius. Origin Mesquite, Texas Runner - up Cas Haley Chronology ◀ 2007 ▶	[ "Piers Morgan Live", "CNN Today" ]
2hop__550747_131944	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Central Water Commission chairman, S. Masood Hussain will head the CWMA and chief engineer of the Central Water Commission, Navin Kumar will be the first chairman of the CWRC. While the CWMA is an umbrella body, the CWRC will monitor water management on a day - to - day basis, including the water level and inflow and outflow of reservoirs in all the basin states.", "title": "Kaveri River water dispute" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Outwitting Trolls is a murder mystery written by William G. Tapply that takes place in Boston. This is the last book in the Brady Coyne series published after Tapply’s death. Coyne, a lawyer, is retained by Sharon Nickels after discovering the body of her ex-husband Ken. Coyne, a former neighbor and friend, assists Sharon who is accused of stabbing Ken in a hotel room.", "title": "Outwitting Trolls" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Oesa is a body of water located at an elevation of 2,267m (7438 ft) in the mountains of Yoho National Park, near Field, British Columbia, Canada.", "title": "Lake Oesa" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The Crocodile\" (, \"Krokodil\") is a short story by Fyodor Dostoyevsky that was first published in 1865 in his magazine \"Epoch.", "title": "The Crocodile (short story)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Greek mythology, when Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis took Achilles to the River Styx, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles. One day, a poisonous arrow shot at him was lodged in his heel, killing him shortly afterwards.", "title": "Achilles' heel" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Red Sea is one of the saltiest bodies of water in the world, owing to high evaporation. Salinity ranges from between ~ 36 ‰ in the southern part because of the effect of the Gulf of Aden water and reaches 41 ‰ in the northern part, owing mainly to the Gulf of Suez water and the high evaporation. The average salinity is 40 ‰. (Average salinity for the world's seawater is ~ 35 ‰ on the Practical Salinity Scale, or PSU; that translates to 3.5% of actual dissolved salts.)", "title": "Red Sea" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Intracellular fluid (2 / 3 of body water) is fluid contained within cells. In a 72 - kg body containing 40 litres of fluid, about 25 litres is intracellular, which amounts to 62.5%. Jackson's texts states 70% of body fluid is intracellular.", "title": "Body water" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1915, as the Russian Caucasus Army continued to advance into eastern Anatolia, the Ottoman government started the deportation of its ethnic Armenian population, resulting in the death of approximately 1.5 million Armenians in what became known as the Armenian Genocide. The genocide was carried out during and after World War I and implemented in two phases: the wholesale killing of the able-bodied male population through massacre and subjection of army conscripts to forced labour, followed by the deportation of women, children, the elderly and infirm on death marches leading to the Syrian desert. Driven forward by military escorts, the deportees were deprived of food and water and subjected to periodic robbery, rape, and systematic massacre. Large-scale massacres were also committed against the Empire's Greek and Assyrian minorities as part of the same campaign of ethnic cleansing.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By prerogative right, the British Crown enjoys ownership of all unmarked mute swans in open water. Rights over swans may, however, be granted to a subject by the Crown (accordingly they may also be claimed by prescription.) The ownership of swans in a given body of water was commonly granted to landowners up to the 16th century. The only bodies still to exercise such rights are two livery companies of the City of London. Thus the ownership of swans in the Thames is shared equally among the Crown, the Vintners' Company and the Dyers' Company.", "title": "Swan Upping" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In February 2018, the Groenland Water Users' Association (a representative body for farmers in the Elgin and Grabouw agricultural areas around Cape Town) began releasing an additional 10 billion litres of water into the Steenbras Dam.", "title": "Cape Town water crisis" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and Zhoushan are important commercial ports. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world.", "title": "Zhejiang" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Norman, created between 1959 and 1964 as part of the construction of the Cowans Ford Dam by Duke Energy, is the largest man-made body of fresh water in North Carolina.", "title": "Lake Norman" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Fyodor Nikolayevich Panayev (, 1856—1933) was a Russian teacher and climatologist, the author of a number of books on climatology and one of the founders of Perm Zoo.", "title": "Fyodor Panayev" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The term water retention (also known as fluid retention) or hydrops, hydropsy, edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or cavities of the body.", "title": "Edema" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sex and Death 101 is a 2007 dark comedy science fiction film written and directed by Daniel Waters released in the United States on April 4, 2008. The film marks the reunion of writer-director Daniel Waters and Winona Ryder, who previously worked on the 1988 film \"Heathers\", written by Waters.", "title": "Sex and Death 101" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. Sphincters are found in many animals. There are over 60 types in the human body, some microscopically small, in particular the millions of precapillary sphincters. Sphincters relax at death, often releasing fluids.", "title": "Sphincter" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere.", "title": "Lake District" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Butterfly Pond, also known as Aldrich Brook, is a body of water in the town of Lincoln, in Providence County, Rhode Island.", "title": "Butterfly Pond" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Perm (;) is a city and the administrative centre of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains.", "title": "Perm" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west).", "title": "Saw Kill" } ]	Which body of water is by the place where Fyodor Panayev died?	Kama River	[ "Kama" ]	Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Saw Kill Passage: Saw Kill may refer to three different bodies of water in New York. Two are tributaries and make up watersheds on the eastern bank of the Hudson River. The northernmost of these is in the Town of Stuyvesant, New York in Columbia County and the southernmost of these is in the Town of Red Hook, New York in Dutchess County. The northern Saw Kill is more commonly known as Mill Creek today. The third tributary drains into Esopus Creek on the Hudson’s west bank. This article refers to the southern body of water on the east bank as Saw Kill (east) and the body of water on the west bank as Saw Kill (west). Title: Swan Upping Passage: By prerogative right, the British Crown enjoys ownership of all unmarked mute swans in open water. Rights over swans may, however, be granted to a subject by the Crown (accordingly they may also be claimed by prescription.) The ownership of swans in a given body of water was commonly granted to landowners up to the 16th century. The only bodies still to exercise such rights are two livery companies of the City of London. Thus the ownership of swans in the Thames is shared equally among the Crown, the Vintners' Company and the Dyers' Company. Title: Perm Passage: Perm (;) is a city and the administrative centre of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains. Title: Kaveri River water dispute Passage: Central Water Commission chairman, S. Masood Hussain will head the CWMA and chief engineer of the Central Water Commission, Navin Kumar will be the first chairman of the CWRC. While the CWMA is an umbrella body, the CWRC will monitor water management on a day - to - day basis, including the water level and inflow and outflow of reservoirs in all the basin states. Title: Fyodor Panayev Passage: Fyodor Nikolayevich Panayev (, 1856—1933) was a Russian teacher and climatologist, the author of a number of books on climatology and one of the founders of Perm Zoo.	[ "Fyodor Panayev", "Perm" ]
2hop__316450_64929	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Günter Luther (17 March 1922 – 31 May 1997) was a German admiral who became Inspector of the Navy and Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe for NATO. During World War II, he served as a military pilot in the Kriegsmarine and a paratrooper in the Luftwaffe. After the war, he joined the newly founded West German \"Bundesmarine\" in 1956.", "title": "Günter Luther" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, and dependent states, such as the British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe till the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Lugou Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "France allied with the United States during the American Revolutionary War (American War of Independence 1775 -- 1783) in 1778, declared war on Great Britain, and sent its armies and navy to fight Britain while providing money and matériel to arm the new republic. French intervention made a decisive contribution to the U.S. victory in the war. Motivated by a long - term rivalry with Britain and by revenge for its territorial losses during the French and Indian War, France began secretly sending supplies in 1775. Spain and the Netherlands joined France, making it a global war in which the British had no major allies. France incurred a debt of over 1 billion livres.", "title": "France in the American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sevastopol fell after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion from the west if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea. The Ottoman vassal states of Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent. Christians were granted a degree of official equality, and the Orthodox church regained control of the Christian churches in dispute.:415", "title": "Crimean War" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This projects was funded through the E.U and is one more step that Bulgaria is making to modernize and join their fellow E.U. countries with efforts to expand clean energy.", "title": "Pobeda Solar Park" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1990 elections the umbrella Round Table-Free Georgia bloc led by Gamsakhurdia and Chanturia won 54% of the vote. In April 1991, Georgia declared independence from the Soviet Union. Soon Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected as the first President of Georgia. However, Gamsakhurdia’s move towards authoritarianism made many of his former allies, including Chanturia, to join the opposition.", "title": "Giorgi Chanturia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.", "title": "Northern Seven Years' War" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Constantin Sănătescu (14 January 1885, Craiova – 8 November 1947, Bucharest) was a Romanian statesman who served as the 44th Prime Minister of Romania after the 23 August 1944 coup, through which Romania left the Axis Powers and joined the Allies.", "title": "Constantin Sănătescu" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe until the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece, and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ariane Labed as Maria: An assassin in 15th century Spain and the closest ally of Aguilar. More measured than her partner - in - arms, Maria is light on her feet and exceedingly quick, and together they are an unstoppable force. Like Aguilar, she understands the damage the Templar influence is doing to her country.", "title": "Assassin's Creed (film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jacques Gérard was born in Paris, France on 26 October 1890. He joined the \"113e Regiment d'Infanterie\" to defend his country during World War I.", "title": "Jacques Gérard" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 9 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th independent country in Africa and since 14 July 2011, South Sudan is the 193rd member of the United Nations. On 27 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th country to join the African Union.", "title": "South Sudan" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences; France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a ``Southern strategy ''led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco - American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781.", "title": "American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the \"Big Three\". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a \"trusteeship of the powerful\" and were recognized as the Allied \"Big Four\" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the \"Four Policemen\" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council.", "title": "Great power" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "NATO has added new members seven times since its founding in 1949, and since 2017 NATO has had 29 members. Twelve countries were part of the founding of NATO: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1952, Greece and Turkey became members of the Alliance, joined later by West Germany (in 1955) and Spain (in 1982). In 1990, with the reunification of Germany, NATO grew to include the former country of East Germany. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro - Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of The Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in 2009, Montenegro in 2017.", "title": "Member states of NATO" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. The vast majority of the world's countries -- including all of the great powers -- eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most global war in history; it directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of total war, the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history, marked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of which were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease and the only use of nuclear weapons in war.", "title": "World War II" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the Yalta Conference it was agreed that membership would be open to nations that had joined the Allies by 1 March 1945. Brazil, Syria and a number of other countries qualified for membership by declarations of war on either Germany or Japan in the first three months of 1945 -- in some cases retroactively.", "title": "History of the United Nations" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lipovu is a commune in Dolj County, Romania with a population of 3,189 people. It is composed of two villages, Lipovu and Lipovu de Sus.", "title": "Lipovu" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519)", "title": "Romania in World War II" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression.", "title": "Allies of World War II" } ]	When did the country that contains the commune of Lipovu join the Allies in WWII?	23 August 1944	[]	Title: Romania in World War II Passage: On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519) Title: Lipovu Passage: Lipovu is a commune in Dolj County, Romania with a population of 3,189 people. It is composed of two villages, Lipovu and Lipovu de Sus. Title: History of the United Nations Passage: At the Yalta Conference it was agreed that membership would be open to nations that had joined the Allies by 1 March 1945. Brazil, Syria and a number of other countries qualified for membership by declarations of war on either Germany or Japan in the first three months of 1945 -- in some cases retroactively. Title: Assassin's Creed (film) Passage: Ariane Labed as Maria: An assassin in 15th century Spain and the closest ally of Aguilar. More measured than her partner - in - arms, Maria is light on her feet and exceedingly quick, and together they are an unstoppable force. Like Aguilar, she understands the damage the Templar influence is doing to her country. Title: Günter Luther Passage: Günter Luther (17 March 1922 – 31 May 1997) was a German admiral who became Inspector of the Navy and Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Europe for NATO. During World War II, he served as a military pilot in the Kriegsmarine and a paratrooper in the Luftwaffe. After the war, he joined the newly founded West German "Bundesmarine" in 1956. Title: France in the American Revolutionary War Passage: France allied with the United States during the American Revolutionary War (American War of Independence 1775 -- 1783) in 1778, declared war on Great Britain, and sent its armies and navy to fight Britain while providing money and matériel to arm the new republic. French intervention made a decisive contribution to the U.S. victory in the war. Motivated by a long - term rivalry with Britain and by revenge for its territorial losses during the French and Indian War, France began secretly sending supplies in 1775. Spain and the Netherlands joined France, making it a global war in which the British had no major allies. France incurred a debt of over 1 billion livres.	[ "Lipovu", "Romania in World War II" ]
2hop__560836_71652	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belo Horizonte - Tancredo Neves/Confins International Airport , formerly called Confins International Airport is the primary international airport serving Belo Horizonte. Since 2 September 1986 the airport is named after Tancredo de Almeida Neves (1910–1985), President-elect of Brazil. It is located in the municipality of Confins, in the Minas Gerais. It is operated by BH Airport S.A.", "title": "Tancredo Neves International Airport" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pakistani general election, 2018 ← 2013 25 July 2018 Next → ← outgoing members elected members → All 342 seats in the National Assembly 172 seats needed for a majority Opinion polls Turnout 51.6% (3.4 pp) First party Second party Third party Leader Imran Khan Shehbaz Sharif Bilawal Bhutto Zardari Party PTI PML (N) PPP Leader since 25 April 1996 6 March 2018 30 December 2007 Leader's seat Mianwali - I Lahore - X Larkana - I Last election 35 seats, 16.92% 166 seats, 32.77% 42 seats, 15.23% Seats won 149 82 54 Seat change 114 84 12 Popular vote 16,903,702 12,934,589 6,924,356 Percentage 31.82% 24.35% 13.03% Swing 14.90 pp 8.42 pp 2.29 pp Prime Minister before election Shahid Khaqan Abbasi PML (N) Elected Prime Minister Imran Khan PTI", "title": "2018 Pakistani general election" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karnataka Legislative Assembly election, 2018 ← 2013 12 May 2018 (222 seats) 28 May 2018 (1 seat) 11 June 2018 (1 seat) 2023 → 224 of 224 seats in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly 113 seats needed for a majority Opinion polls Turnout 72.13% Majority party Minority party Third party Leader B.S. Yeddyurappa Siddaramaiah H.D. Kumaraswamy Party BJP INC JD (S) Alliance JD (S) + BSP Leader's seat Shikaripura Badami, Chamundeshwari Channapattana Seats before 44 122 40 Seats won 104 80 37 + 1 (BSP) Seat change 60 42 Popular vote 13,267,956 13,932,069 6,726,667 Percentage 36.34% 38.14% 18.3% Swing 16.3% 1.4% 1.9% Results of the election Chief Minister before election Siddaramaiah INC Elected Chief Minister B.S. Yeddyurappa, BJP H.D. Kumaraswamy JD (S) + INC", "title": "2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Pakatan Harapan, the main opposition coalition in the Malaysian Parliament, won 113 seats in the Dewan Rakyat, Malaysia's lower house of parliament. The Sabah Heritage Party, which won another 8 seats, informally aligned itself with Pakatan Harapan, giving the opposition alliance a total of 121 seats in the new Parliament, enough to form a government.", "title": "2018 Malaysian general election" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The candidate filing deadline for this gubernatorial race was on June 22, 2018, with primary elections being held on August 28, 2018. Florida uses a closed primary process, in which the selection of each party's candidates for a general election is limited to registered members of that party. Andrew Gillum won the Democratic primary, and Ron DeSantis won the Republican primary.", "title": "2018 Florida gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ameland Airport () , also known as Ameland Airport Ballum, is a small general aviation airport located near the town of Ballum on the western part of the island of Ameland, one of the West Frisian Islands in the Netherlands. It is located in the province of Friesland and is the northernmost airport in the country.", "title": "Ameland Airport" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Temindung Airport was the airport of Samarinda from 1974 until 2018. It was officially known as Samarinda Airport, it was closed and replaced by the new APT Pranoto International Airport at Sungai Siring, to the north. It is often known as Samarinda Airport, Temindung, or simply Temindung, to distinguish it from its successor which is often referred to as Sungai Siring Airport.", "title": "Temindung Airport" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country.", "title": "Tajikistan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dr Frank Themba Mdlalose was the first Premier of the newly renamed KwaZulu-Natal province in South Africa, after the African National Congress (ANC) won the country's first all-inclusive general election in April 1994.", "title": "Frank Mdlalose" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ontario general election, 2018 ← 2014 June 7, 2018 (2018 - 06 - 07) 43rd → ← outgoing members elected members → 124 seats of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario 63 seats needed for a majority Opinion polls Turnout 58.4% (7.1 pp) First party Second party Leader Doug Ford Andrea Horwath Party Progressive Conservative New Democratic Leader since March 10, 2018 March 7, 2009 Leader's seat Etobicoke North Hamilton Centre Last election 28 seats, 31.25% 21 seats, 23.75% Seats before 27 18 Seats won 76 40 Seat change 49 22 Popular vote 2,324,742 1,925,512 Percentage 40.50% 33.56% Swing 9.25 pp 9.81 pp Third party Fourth party Leader Kathleen Wynne Mike Schreiner Party Liberal Green Leader since January 26, 2013 May 16, 2009 Leader's seat Don Valley West Guelph Last election 58 seats, 38.65% 0 seats, 4.84% Seats before 55 0 Seats won 7 Seat change 48 Popular vote 1,124,381 264,094 Percentage 19.59% 4.60% Swing 19.06 pp 0.24 pp Popular vote by riding. As this is an FPTP election, seat totals are not determined by popular vote, but instead via results by each riding. Riding names are listed at the bottom. Premier before election Kathleen Wynne Liberal Premier - designate Doug Ford Progressive Conservative", "title": "2018 Ontario general election" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Florida gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Florida, concurrently with the election of Florida's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various Florida and local elections. Incumbent Republican Governor Rick Scott is term - limited and can not seek re-election to a third consecutive term.", "title": "2018 Florida gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 California gubernatorial election will be held on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of California. The race is between Gavin Newsom and John H. Cox.", "title": "2018 California gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mexican general election, 2018 ← 2012 1 July 2018 2024 → Turnout 63.43% (0.35%) Candidate Andrés Manuel López Obrador Ricardo Anaya Party MORENA PAN Alliance Juntos Haremos Historia Por México al Frente Home state Tabasco Querétaro Popular vote 30,113,483 12,610,120 Percentage 53.19% 22.28% Candidate José Antonio Meade Jaime Rodríguez Calderón Party PRI Independent Alliance Todos por México None Home state Mexico City Nuevo León Popular vote 9,289,853 2,961,732 Percentage 16.41% 5.23% States won by López Obrador in red, Anaya in blue. President before election Enrique Peña Nieto PRI Elected President Andrés Manuel López Obrador MORENA", "title": "2018 Mexican general election" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Renaissance is a political party in Monaco that represents the interests of SBM employees. They won 10.67% of the popular vote, and 1 out of 24 seats in the legislative elections held on February 10, 2013. The seat was held by Eric Elena. However, the party did not contest the 2018 elections.", "title": "Renaissance (Monaco)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jay Livingstone is an American politician who has served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives since July 2013. He is a resident of Back Bay, Boston, a member of the Democratic Party. He won a special election to succeed Martha M. Walz, unopposed in the June 25 general election after winning the May 28 primary. He was sworn in July 17, 2013. He has since won re-election in 2014, 2016, and 2018.", "title": "Jay Livingstone" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau.", "title": "Guinea-Bissau" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia. Incumbent Republican Governor Nathan Deal is term - limited and thus can not seek reelection to a third consecutive term. The primary elections were held on May 22, 2018 and a primary runoff will be held on July 24, 2018 between Republican candidates Casey Cagle and Brian Kemp. The Democrats have nominated Stacey Abrams.", "title": "2018 Georgia gubernatorial election" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sandakan Airport is a domestic airport which serves Sandakan, a town in the east Malaysian state of Sabah. It is located west of downtown Sandakan. In 2005, the airport handled 621,513 passengers and registered 10,876 flights.", "title": "Sandakan Airport" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Ontario general election of 2018 was held on June 7, 2018, to elect the 124 members of the 42nd Parliament of Ontario. The Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, won a majority government with 76 of the 124 seats in the legislature. The Ontario New Democratic Party, led by Andrea Horwath, formed the Official Opposition. The Ontario Liberal Party, led by incumbent Premier Kathleen Wynne, lost official party status in recording both the worst result in the party's 161 - year history and the worst result for any incumbent governing party in Ontario. The Green Party of Ontario won a seat for the first time in their history, while the Trillium Party of Ontario lost its single seat gained by a floor - crossing during the 41st Parliament. Twenty - four other parties and numerous independent candidates also received votes.", "title": "2018 Ontario general election" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pakistani general election, 2018 ← 2013 25 July 2018 Next → ← outgoing members elected members → All 342 seats in the National Assembly 172 seats needed for a majority Opinion polls Turnout 51.6% (3.4 pp) First party Second party Third party Leader Imran Khan Shehbaz Sharif Bilawal Bhutto Zardari Party PTI PML (N) PPP Leader since 25 April 1996 6 March 2018 30 December 2007 Leader's seat Mianwali - I Lahore - X Larkana - I Last election 35 seats, 16.92% 166 seats, 32.77% 42 seats, 15.23% Seats won 149 / 342 82 / 342 54 / 342 Seat change 114 84 12 Popular vote 16,903,702 12,934,589 6,924,356 Percentage 31.82% 24.35% 13.03% Swing 14.90 pp 8.42 pp 2.29 pp Prime Minister before election Shahid Khaqan Abbasi PML (N) Elected Prime Minister Imran Khan PTI", "title": "2018 Pakistani general election" } ]	Who won the election in the country where Sandakan Airport is located in 2018?	Pakatan Harapan	[]	Title: Tajikistan Passage: In 2009 Tajikistan had 26 airports, 18 of which had paved runways, of which two had runways longer than 3,000 meters. The country's main airport is Dushanbe International Airport which as of April 2015, had regularly scheduled flights to major cities in Russia, Central Asia, as well as Delhi, Dubai, Frankfurt, Istanbul, Kabul, Tehran, and Ürümqi amongst others. There are also international flights, mainly to Russia, from Khujand Airport in the northern part of the country as well as limited international services from Kulob Airport, and Qurghonteppa International Airport. Khorog Airport is a domestic airport and also the only airport in the sparsely populated eastern half of the country. Title: Ameland Airport Passage: Ameland Airport () , also known as Ameland Airport Ballum, is a small general aviation airport located near the town of Ballum on the western part of the island of Ameland, one of the West Frisian Islands in the Netherlands. It is located in the province of Friesland and is the northernmost airport in the country. Title: Tancredo Neves International Airport Passage: Belo Horizonte - Tancredo Neves/Confins International Airport , formerly called Confins International Airport is the primary international airport serving Belo Horizonte. Since 2 September 1986 the airport is named after Tancredo de Almeida Neves (1910–1985), President-elect of Brazil. It is located in the municipality of Confins, in the Minas Gerais. It is operated by BH Airport S.A. Title: Sandakan Airport Passage: Sandakan Airport is a domestic airport which serves Sandakan, a town in the east Malaysian state of Sabah. It is located west of downtown Sandakan. In 2005, the airport handled 621,513 passengers and registered 10,876 flights. Title: 2018 Florida gubernatorial election Passage: The 2018 Florida gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Florida, concurrently with the election of Florida's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various Florida and local elections. Incumbent Republican Governor Rick Scott is term - limited and can not seek re-election to a third consecutive term. Title: 2018 Malaysian general election Passage: Pakatan Harapan, the main opposition coalition in the Malaysian Parliament, won 113 seats in the Dewan Rakyat, Malaysia's lower house of parliament. The Sabah Heritage Party, which won another 8 seats, informally aligned itself with Pakatan Harapan, giving the opposition alliance a total of 121 seats in the new Parliament, enough to form a government.	[ "2018 Malaysian general election", "Sandakan Airport" ]
3hop1__265306_755188_480696	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Green Valley is located along West Virginia Route 20 north of Quinwood.", "title": "Green Valley, Nicholas County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greenbrier Valley Airport IATA: LWB ICAO: KLWB FAA LID: LWB Summary Airport type Public Owner Greenbrier County Airport Authority Serves Lewisburg, West Virginia Location Greenbrier County, West Virginia, near Lewisburg and White Sulphur Springs Elevation AMSL 2,301 ft / 701 m Coordinates 37 ° 51 ′ 30 ''N 080 ° 23 ′ 58'' W / 37.85833 ° N 80.39944 ° W / 37.85833; - 80.39944 Coordinates: 37 ° 51 ′ 30 ''N 080 ° 23 ′ 58'' W / 37.85833 ° N 80.39944 ° W / 37.85833; - 80.39944 Website www.gvairport.com Map LWB LWB Show map of West Virginia Show map of the US Show all Location of airport in West Virginia / United States Runways Direction Length Surface ft m 4 / 22 7,003 2,135 Asphalt Statistics (2012) Aircraft operations 23,954 Based aircraft 26 Source: Federal Aviation Administration", "title": "Greenbrier Valley Airport" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valley Bend is a census-designated place (CDP) in Randolph County, West Virginia, United States. Valley Bend is located on U.S. Route 219, U.S. Route 250, West Virginia Route 55, and West Virginia Route 92 northwest of Mill Creek. Valley Bend has a post office with ZIP code 26293. As of the 2010 census, its population was 485.", "title": "Valley Bend, Randolph County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg.", "title": "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kåfjord is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Kåfjorden, about west of the town of Alta along the European route E6 highway. The village of Kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the E6 highway.", "title": "Kåfjord, Alta" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greenwood (formerly, Long Valley, Green Valley, Lewisville, and Louisville) is an unincorporated community in El Dorado County, California. It is located west of Georgetown, at an elevation of 1608 feet (490 m).", "title": "Greenwood, El Dorado County, California" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Green Valley, Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. Green Valley is east of Shawano. As of the 2010 census, its population was 133.", "title": "Green Valley (CDP), Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vila Valqueire is a neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This neighborhood is located in the borders of North and Western zones, and has a good quality of life with many squares, green places and services.", "title": "Vila Valqueire" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Williamson is a census-designated place (CDP) in the Appalachian Mountains of northeastern Pike County, Kentucky, United States, on the border with West Virginia. It is separated from Williamson, West Virginia by the Tug Fork River. The community is located near U.S. Route 119 about east of Pikeville, Kentucky and southwest of Logan, West Virginia.", "title": "South Williamson, Kentucky" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City", "title": "History of Nevada" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located on West Virginia Route 16 and West Virginia Route 39 north of Gauley Bridge.", "title": "Alta, Fayette County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Green Valley is located along West Virginia Route 123 North-NorthEast of Bluefield.", "title": "Green Valley, Mercer County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Good is an unincorporated community in northeastern Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States atop Bear Garden Mountain. Good is located on the Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127) at I.L. Pugh Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 6/2) east of Bloomery and northwest of Winchester on the West Virginia/Virginia border. Good partly lies in Frederick County, Virginia.", "title": "Good, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida.", "title": "Tudor's Biscuit World" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs.", "title": "Meadow River" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" } ]	Alta, West Virginia, whose county shares a border with the county that contains Green Valley, is in what country?	U.S.	[ "the US", "America", "U.S", "the United States", "United States", "US" ]	Title: Green Valley, Nicholas County, West Virginia Passage: Green Valley is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Green Valley is located along West Virginia Route 20 north of Quinwood. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: San Lucas AVA Passage: The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard. Title: Meadow River Passage: The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. Title: Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia Passage: Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg.	[ "Green Valley, Nicholas County, West Virginia", "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia", "Meadow River" ]
2hop__130780_66008	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jean Ribault High School is a public high school located in North Jacksonville, Florida. It is part of Duval County Public Schools.", "title": "Jean Ribault High School" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Eastern Dakota are the Santee (Isáŋyathi or Isáŋ - athi; ``knife ''+`` encampment'', ''dwells at the place of knife flint''), who reside in the eastern Dakotas, central Minnesota and northern Iowa. They have federally recognized tribes established in several places.", "title": "Dakota people" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Hagerstown High School is located at 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, in Hagerstown, Maryland, United States. The school's colors are red and white, with black as the accent color. The school is part of the Washington County Public Schools system. North Hagerstown High School is fully accredited by the Maryland State Department of Education. It is the only school in Washington County to offer the International Baccalaureate Program.", "title": "North Hagerstown High School" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Secret Cities is an independent rock band from North Dakota. Its founding members, Charles Gokey and Marie J. Parker, met at a band camp in July 2001, while in high school. Although the two lived 500 km apart, in Fargo, North Dakota and Williston, North Dakota, respectively, the two started making music by exchanging tapes in the mail and composing using four-track recorders. They continued in this fashion until February 2004, when the pair changed their name to The Foliage and put out their first release on Fall Records, a split with In Ink Please entitled \"How to Make Better Love.\" In July 2005 the band released a mini-LP, \"Zurich\" on Fall Records under the moniker The White Foliage. The group also added a third member, Alex Abnos, during a tour of the Midwest in that year.", "title": "Secret Cities" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lakeville North High School (LNHS) is a public high school in northern Lakeville, Minnesota. Formerly Lakeville High School, LNHS received its current name when a second high school, Lakeville South High School, was built. Grades 9-12 attend the school, and its principal is Marne Berkvam.", "title": "Lakeville North High School" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winnacunnet High School is an American public high school located in Hampton, New Hampshire. It serves students in grades 9 through 12 who live in the communities of Hampton, Seabrook, North Hampton, and Hampton Falls. Students from South Hampton attend Amesbury High School. The name \"Winnacunnet\" is a Native American word that means \"beautiful place in the pines\". The current principal, since 2010, is William McGowan.", "title": "Winnacunnet High School" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the ``Geographic Center of the North American Continent ''. With an area of 70,762 square miles (183,273 km), North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "title": "North Dakota" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dakota Prairie High School is part of a school district that covers a portion of Nelson County, North Dakota. It includes the towns of McVille, Michigan City, Tolna, Aneta, Pekin, Kloten, Dahlen, Hamar, Niagera, and Petersburg. There are 177 students currently at Dakota Prairie High School. Dakota Prairie High School is considered a \"Class B\" school in North Dakota.", "title": "Dakota Prairie High School" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hazen is a city in Mercer County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 2,411 at the 2010 census. Hazen was founded in 1913. Hazen has a K-12 school system.", "title": "Hazen, North Dakota" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gooding High School is a public high school located in Gooding, Idaho, United States. It is the main high school operated by the Gooding School District.", "title": "Gooding High School" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Plymouth North High School, known informally as Plymouth North or PNHS, is a public high school located in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Its students are residents of the town of Plymouth. The school is one of two high schools in Plymouth, the other being Plymouth South High School. Plymouth North is located south of Plymouth Center, and is located adjacent to the Plymouth County Courthouse, the Plymouth County Registry of Deeds, and Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital. The school colors are Navy Blue, White & Silver and the school mascot is an Eagle.", "title": "Plymouth North High School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Booker High School is a high school located in Sarasota, Florida. It is located in north Sarasota and is part of the school district of Sarasota County. The athletic teams are known as the Tornadoes.", "title": "Booker High School (Sarasota, Florida)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Naperville North High School is a public four-year high school located at the corner of Ogden Avenue and Mill Street in the northern-central part of Naperville, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is the counterpart to Naperville Central High School of Naperville Community Unit School District 203. Naperville North contains more than 3000 students and over 250 certified staff members, with most of them having a master's degree or beyond. Naperville North is accredited to the Illinois State Board of Education and is a part of the Illinois Association for College Admission Counseling.", "title": "Naperville North High School" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cumberland High School is a co-educational comprehensive secondary school (high school) located in the north-western metropolitan Western Sydney region of New South Wales, Australia.", "title": "Cumberland High School (Carlingford)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Technology High School @ GHS is a public high school in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. It is one of five small schools located on the Garinger campus of schools in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools. The principal of New Tech is Mr. Barry Blair. There are currently over 20 teachers and about 450 students.", "title": "New Technology High School at GHS" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Auburn High School is a public high school located in Rockford, Illinois, US, housing close to 2,000 ninth- through twelfth-grade students living in the Rockford school district.", "title": "Auburn High School (Rockford, Illinois)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rufus King International School – High School Campus, or Rufus King, is a public magnet high school located on the north side of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, part of the Milwaukee Public Schools district. The school is ranked the 130th public high school in the country by \"U.S. News and World Report\", making it the top performing public high school in the state of Wisconsin. The school offers the International Baccalaureate curriculum.", "title": "Rufus King International School – High School Campus" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Voorhees High School is a four-year public high school located in Lebanon Township, New Jersey, named for Foster McGowan Voorhees, the 30th Governor of New Jersey. It is one of two high schools in the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from six municipalities in northern Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools since 1977.", "title": "Voorhees High School" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eastern Alamance High School is a public, coeducational high school located in Mebane, North Carolina, United States. It is one of seven high schools in the Alamance-Burlington School System. The school runs on block scheduling from 8:10am to 3:20pm. They are currently running on a 4 block school day with semester long courses. Ninth grade students can choose between eight total classes a year.", "title": "Eastern Alamance High School" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Captain's Landing Township is a township in Morton County, North Dakota, United States. Its population as of the 2000 Census was 153. It is located east of Mandan, North Dakota along the Missouri River, between Interstate 94 and the Bismarck Expressway.", "title": "Captain's Landing Township, Morton County, North Dakota" } ]	Where did the Dakota tribe live in the state where Lakeville High School is located?	central Minnesota	[ "Minnesota" ]	Title: Secret Cities Passage: Secret Cities is an independent rock band from North Dakota. Its founding members, Charles Gokey and Marie J. Parker, met at a band camp in July 2001, while in high school. Although the two lived 500 km apart, in Fargo, North Dakota and Williston, North Dakota, respectively, the two started making music by exchanging tapes in the mail and composing using four-track recorders. They continued in this fashion until February 2004, when the pair changed their name to The Foliage and put out their first release on Fall Records, a split with In Ink Please entitled "How to Make Better Love." In July 2005 the band released a mini-LP, "Zurich" on Fall Records under the moniker The White Foliage. The group also added a third member, Alex Abnos, during a tour of the Midwest in that year. Title: Naperville North High School Passage: Naperville North High School is a public four-year high school located at the corner of Ogden Avenue and Mill Street in the northern-central part of Naperville, Illinois, a western suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is the counterpart to Naperville Central High School of Naperville Community Unit School District 203. Naperville North contains more than 3000 students and over 250 certified staff members, with most of them having a master's degree or beyond. Naperville North is accredited to the Illinois State Board of Education and is a part of the Illinois Association for College Admission Counseling. Title: Jean Ribault High School Passage: Jean Ribault High School is a public high school located in North Jacksonville, Florida. It is part of Duval County Public Schools. Title: Lakeville North High School Passage: Lakeville North High School (LNHS) is a public high school in northern Lakeville, Minnesota. Formerly Lakeville High School, LNHS received its current name when a second high school, Lakeville South High School, was built. Grades 9-12 attend the school, and its principal is Marne Berkvam. Title: Dakota people Passage: The Eastern Dakota are the Santee (Isáŋyathi or Isáŋ - athi; ``knife ''+`` encampment'', ''dwells at the place of knife flint''), who reside in the eastern Dakotas, central Minnesota and northern Iowa. They have federally recognized tribes established in several places. Title: North Hagerstown High School Passage: North Hagerstown High School is located at 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, in Hagerstown, Maryland, United States. The school's colors are red and white, with black as the accent color. The school is part of the Washington County Public Schools system. North Hagerstown High School is fully accredited by the Maryland State Department of Education. It is the only school in Washington County to offer the International Baccalaureate Program.	[ "Dakota people", "Lakeville North High School" ]
3hop1__207212_707133_44615	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per capita is higher. The HDI was developed by the Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, often framed in terms of whether people are able to \"be\" and \"do\" desirable things in their life, and was published by the United Nations Development Programme.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "She married an Austrian documentary filmmaker, Warner Fend, and had a great influence on Aung San Suu Kyi. Than E, a family friend, persuaded Suu Kyi to relocate to New York City and work for the United Nations. Than E was born to a Baptist family and attended Rangoon University, before joining the Teacher's Training College.", "title": "Than E" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hunter Industries is a manufacturer of irrigation equipment for the landscaping and golf course industries, based in San Marcos, California. They are the second largest employer in San Marcos after the San Marcos Unified School District", "title": "Hunter Industries" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the 2010 election, the government has embarked on a series of reforms to direct the country towards liberal democracy, a mixed economy, and reconciliation, although doubts persist about the motives that underpin such reforms. The series of reforms includes the release of pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi from house arrest, the establishment of the National Human Rights Commission, the granting of general amnesties for more than 200 political prisoners, new labour laws that permit labour unions and strikes, a relaxation of press censorship, and the regulation of currency practices.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moe Hein was born on 10 December 1942, as the youngest son of the journalist and writer Journal Kyaw U Chit Maung and the writer Journal Kyaw Ma Ma Lay. His father was a friend and colleague of the revolutionary nationalist Aung San.", "title": "Moe Hein" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guinea-Bissau's GDP per capita is one of the lowest in the world, and its Human Development Index is one of the lowest on earth. More than two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line. The economy depends mainly on agriculture; fish, cashew nuts and ground nuts are its major exports.", "title": "Guinea-Bissau" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress, which was the first visit by a Secretary of State in more than fifty years, during which Clinton met with the Burmese president and former military commander Thein Sein, as well as opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi; and the participation of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) party in the 2012 by-elections, facilitated by the government's abolition of the laws that previously barred the NLD. As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For most of its independent years, the country has been engrossed in rampant ethnic strife and Burma's myriad ethnic groups have been involved in one of the world's longest-running ongoing civil wars. During this time, the United Nations and several other organisations have reported consistent and systematic human rights violations in the country. In 2011, the military junta was officially dissolved following a 2010 general election, and a nominally civilian government was installed. While former military leaders still wield enormous power in the country, Burmese Military have taken steps toward relinquishing control of the government. This, along with the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and political prisoners, has improved the country's human rights record and foreign relations, and has led to the easing of trade and other economic sanctions. There is, however, continuing criticism of the government's treatment of the Muslim Rohingya minority and its poor response to the religious clashes. In the landmark 2015 election, Aung San Suu Kyi's party won a majority in both houses, ending military rule.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liliana Mayo is the founder and general director of Centro Ann Sullivan del Perú, an organization that serves people with developmental disabilities and their families. She is a frequent key speaker on parent and sibling training, supported employment opportunities for people with developmental disabilities, inclusion and distance education. She is a professor of special education at the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú and Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, and adjunct faculty member of the Applied Behavioral Science Department at the University of Kansas. She received her B.S. degree in psychology from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Human Development and Family Life from the University of Kansas.", "title": "Liliana Mayo" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The list below displays the top-ranked country from each year of the Human Development Index. Norway has been ranked the highest twelve times, Canada eight times, followed by Japan which has been ranked highest three times. Iceland has been ranked highest twice.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Demand-chain management is the same as supply chain management, but with emphasis on consumer pull vs. supplier push. The demand chain begins with customers, then funnels through any resellers, distributors, and other business partners who help sell the company's products and services. The demand chain includes both direct and indirect sales forces. Customers demand is hard to detect because out of stock situations (OOS) falsify data collected from POS-Terminals. According to studies of Corsten/Gruen (2002, 2008) the OOS-rate is about 8%. For products under sales promotion OOS rates up to 30% exist. Reliable information about demand is necessary for DCM therefore lowering OOS is a main factor for successful DCM.", "title": "Demand-chain management" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aung San Suu Kyi was born on 19 June 1945 in Rangoon (now Yangon), British Burma. According to Peter Popham, she was born in a small village outside Rangoon called Hmway Saung. Her father, Aung San, allied with the Japanese during World War II. Aung San founded the modern Burmese army and negotiated Burma's independence from the British Empire in 1947; he was assassinated by his rivals in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and Aung San Oo, in Rangoon. Aung San Lin died at the age of eight, when he drowned in an ornamental lake on the grounds of the house. Her elder brother emigrated to San Diego, California, becoming a United States citizen. After Aung San Lin's death, the family moved to a house by Inya Lake where Aung San Suu Kyi met people of various backgrounds, political views and religions. She was educated in Methodist English High School (now Basic Education High School No. 1 Dagon) for much of her childhood in Burma, where she was noted as having a talent for learning languages. She speaks four languages: Burmese, English, French and Japanese. She is a Theravada Buddhist.", "title": "Aung San Suu Kyi" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board (CEIFB) was a Crown corporation of the Government of Canada, created in 2008, that began its operations in 2010 and was dissolved in 2013. As a parent Crown corporation, under Part X of the Financial Administration Act, CEIFB reported to Parliament through the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.", "title": "Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Index report of 2005 shows that there were three boroughs with a very high Human Development Index, 12 with a high HDI value (9 above .85) and one with a medium HDI value (almost high). Benito Juárez borough had the highest HDI of the country (.9510) followed by Miguel Hidalgo which came up 4th nationally with a HDI of (.9189) and Coyoacán (5th nationally) with a HDI value of (.9169). Cuajimalpa, Cuauhtémoc and Azcapotzalco had very high values; respectively .8994 (15th nationally),.8922 (23rd) and .8915 (25th).", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress—it was the first visit by a Secretary of State in more than fifty years (Clinton met with the Burmese president and former military commander Thein Sein, as well as opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi); and the participation of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) party in the 2012 by-elections, facilitated by the government's abolition of the laws that previously barred the NLD. As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Aung San Oo () is the elder brother of State Counsellor of Myanmar and Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi; the two are the only surviving children of Burmese independence leader Aung San. Aung San Oo is an engineer. Aung San Oo has been described by the Burmese Lawyers' Council and the National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma as a potential surrogate of the junta in an attempt to humiliate Aung San Suu Kyi and place her in an untenable position. \"Time\" magazine reports that, according to Burmese exiles and observers in Rangoon, the junta used the alleged surrogacy of Aung San Oo and his lawsuit as an act of spite against the National League for Democracy leader.", "title": "Aung San Oo" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were informal contacts between the AFO and the Allies in 1944 and 1945 through the British Force 136. On 27 March 1945, the Burma National Army rose up in a country-wide rebellion against the Japanese. 27 March had been celebrated as 'Resistance Day' until the military renamed it 'Tatmadaw (Armed Forces) Day'. Aung San and others subsequently began negotiations with Lord Mountbatten and officially joined the Allies as the Patriotic Burmese Forces (PBF). At the first meeting, the AFO represented itself to the British as the provisional government of Burma with Thakin Soe as Chairman and Aung San as a member of its ruling committee.The Japanese were routed from most of Burma by May 1945. Negotiations then began with the British over the disarming of the AFO and the participation of its troops in a post-war Burma Army. Some veterans had been formed into a paramilitary force under Aung San, called the Pyithu yèbaw tat or People's Volunteer Organisation (PVO), and were openly drilling in uniform. The absorption of the PBF was concluded successfully at the Kandy conference in Ceylon in September 1945.", "title": "Japanese occupation of Burma" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Democratic Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in natural resources but has had political instability, a lack of infrastructure, issues with corruption and centuries of both commercial and colonial extraction and exploitation with little holistic development. Besides the capital Kinshasa, the two next largest cities Lubumbashi and Mbuji - Mayi are both mining communities. DR Congo's largest export is raw minerals, with China accepting over 50% of DRC's exports in 2012. In 2016, DR Congo's level of human development was ranked 176th out of 187 countries by the Human Development Index. As of 2018, around 600,000 Congolese have fled to neighbouring countries from conflicts in the centre and east of the DRC. Two million children risk starvation, and the fighting has displaced 4.5 million people.", "title": "Democratic Republic of the Congo" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Reports Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose ``to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people - centered policies ''. To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Farhan C.M, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well - being.", "title": "Human Development Index" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.", "title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission" } ]	When was the Human Development Index adopted by the employer of Aung San Oo's sibling?	1990	[]	Title: Myanmar Passage: The impact of the post-election reforms has been observed in numerous areas, including ASEAN's approval of Myanmar's bid for the position of ASEAN chair in 2014; the visit by United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton in December 2011 for the encouragement of further progress—it was the first visit by a Secretary of State in more than fifty years (Clinton met with the Burmese president and former military commander Thein Sein, as well as opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi); and the participation of Aung San Suu Kyi's National League for Democracy (NLD) party in the 2012 by-elections, facilitated by the government's abolition of the laws that previously barred the NLD. As of July 2013, about 100 political prisoners remain imprisoned, while conflict between the Burmese Army and local insurgent groups continues. Title: Aung San Oo Passage: Aung San Oo () is the elder brother of State Counsellor of Myanmar and Nobel Peace Prize winner Aung San Suu Kyi; the two are the only surviving children of Burmese independence leader Aung San. Aung San Oo is an engineer. Aung San Oo has been described by the Burmese Lawyers' Council and the National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma as a potential surrogate of the junta in an attempt to humiliate Aung San Suu Kyi and place her in an untenable position. "Time" magazine reports that, according to Burmese exiles and observers in Rangoon, the junta used the alleged surrogacy of Aung San Oo and his lawsuit as an act of spite against the National League for Democracy leader. Title: Aung San Suu Kyi Passage: Aung San Suu Kyi was born on 19 June 1945 in Rangoon (now Yangon), British Burma. According to Peter Popham, she was born in a small village outside Rangoon called Hmway Saung. Her father, Aung San, allied with the Japanese during World War II. Aung San founded the modern Burmese army and negotiated Burma's independence from the British Empire in 1947; he was assassinated by his rivals in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and Aung San Oo, in Rangoon. Aung San Lin died at the age of eight, when he drowned in an ornamental lake on the grounds of the house. Her elder brother emigrated to San Diego, California, becoming a United States citizen. After Aung San Lin's death, the family moved to a house by Inya Lake where Aung San Suu Kyi met people of various backgrounds, political views and religions. She was educated in Methodist English High School (now Basic Education High School No. 1 Dagon) for much of her childhood in Burma, where she was noted as having a talent for learning languages. She speaks four languages: Burmese, English, French and Japanese. She is a Theravada Buddhist. Title: Than E Passage: She married an Austrian documentary filmmaker, Warner Fend, and had a great influence on Aung San Suu Kyi. Than E, a family friend, persuaded Suu Kyi to relocate to New York City and work for the United Nations. Than E was born to a Baptist family and attended Rangoon University, before joining the Teacher's Training College. Title: Human Development Index Passage: The origins of the HDI are found in the annual Human Development Reports produced by the Human Development Reports Office of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). These were devised and launched by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq in 1990, and had the explicit purpose ``to shift the focus of development economics from national income accounting to people - centered policies ''. To produce the Human Development Reports, Mahbub ul Haq formed a group of development economists including Paul Streeten, Frances Stewart, Gustav Ranis, Keith Griffin, Farhan C.M, Sudhir Anand, and Meghnad Desai. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen utilized Haq's work in his own work on human capabilities. Haq believed that a simple composite measure of human development was needed to convince the public, academics, and politicians that they can and should evaluate development not only by economic advances but also improvements in human well - being. Title: Japanese occupation of Burma Passage: There were informal contacts between the AFO and the Allies in 1944 and 1945 through the British Force 136. On 27 March 1945, the Burma National Army rose up in a country-wide rebellion against the Japanese. 27 March had been celebrated as 'Resistance Day' until the military renamed it 'Tatmadaw (Armed Forces) Day'. Aung San and others subsequently began negotiations with Lord Mountbatten and officially joined the Allies as the Patriotic Burmese Forces (PBF). At the first meeting, the AFO represented itself to the British as the provisional government of Burma with Thakin Soe as Chairman and Aung San as a member of its ruling committee.The Japanese were routed from most of Burma by May 1945. Negotiations then began with the British over the disarming of the AFO and the participation of its troops in a post-war Burma Army. Some veterans had been formed into a paramilitary force under Aung San, called the Pyithu yèbaw tat or People's Volunteer Organisation (PVO), and were openly drilling in uniform. The absorption of the PBF was concluded successfully at the Kandy conference in Ceylon in September 1945.	[ "Than E", "Aung San Oo", "Human Development Index" ]
2hop__153048_92119	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Senate elections, 2018 ← 2016 November 6, 2018 2020 → 33 of the 100 seats (Class 1) in the United States Senate (and 2 special elections) 51 seats needed for a majority Leader Mitch McConnell Chuck Schumer Party Republican Democratic Leader since January 3, 2007 January 3, 2017 Leader's seat Kentucky New York Current seats 51 47 Seats needed Seats up 9 24 Party Independent Current seats Seats up Seats up for election (general & special): Democratic incumbent running Democratic incumbent retiring Republican incumbent running Republican incumbent retiring Independent incumbent running No election Inset rectangle signifies a special election. Incumbent Majority Leader Mitch McConnell Republican", "title": "2018 United States Senate elections" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It is unclear when Sequoyah moved to Alabama from Tennessee. Some sources claim he went with his mother, though there is no confirmed date for her death. Others have stated that it was before 1809, when he started his work on the Cherokee Syllabary. Another source claims it was in 1818. However, this date is too late, because he was already living in Alabama when he enlisted in the army. In 1813–14, Sequoyah served as a warrior of the Cherokee Regiment (Col. Gideon Morgan, Commander) at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend against the \"Red Sticks\" (Creek, or Muskogee, renegades). His white comrades called him either George Guess or George Gist.", "title": "Sequoyah" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Senate of Canada (French: Sénat du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the House of Commons and the Monarch (represented by the Governor General). The Senate is modelled after the British House of Lords and consists of 105 members appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. Seats are assigned on a regional basis: four regions -- defined as Ontario, Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces -- each receive 24 seats, with the remaining portions of the country -- Newfoundland and Labrador and the three northern territories -- assigned the remaining 9 seats apart from these regional divisions. Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75.", "title": "Senate of Canada" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, becoming the first Democratic U.S. Senator from Alabama since Howell Heflin's retirement in 1997.", "title": "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert William Runciman (born August 10, 1942) is a veteran Canadian politician and former provincial Leader of the Opposition in the Ontario Legislature. First elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1981, he held the seat continuously for Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario for the next 29 years. On January 29, 2010, he was appointed to a federal legislative position as a Conservative to the Senate of Canada where he served until August 10, 2017.", "title": "Bob Runciman" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nancy K. Barto (born in Chicago, Illinois) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives since January 14, 2019. She previously served in the Arizona Senate representing District 15 from 2013 to 2019. Barto served consecutively in the Arizona State Legislature from January 2007 until January 10, 2011 in the Arizona House of Representatives District 7 seat, then in the Arizona Senate in the District 7 seat from January 10, 2011 until January 14, 2013.", "title": "Nancy Barto" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Senate Sénat Type Type Upper house of the French Parliament History Founded 1799 Leadership Président Gérard Larcher Structure Seats 348 Political groups CRCE (15) SOC (78) RDSE (21) REM (21) LIRT (11) UC (49) LR (145) RASNAG (8) Elections Voting system Indirect election Last election 24 September 2017 Next election September 2020 Meeting place Luxembourg Palace, Paris Website www.senat.fr", "title": "Senate (France)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph 'Joe' C. Perry is an American businessperson and politician from Maine. Perry, a Democrat, served in the Maine Senate from District 32, which included his hometown of Bangor and Hermon. He was first elected to the Senate in 2004 after serving from 8 years (1996-2004) in the Maine House of Representatives representing part of Bangor. He defeated incumbent Republican Senator Tom Sawyer by 280 votes. In 2015, Perry won a seat on the Bangor City Council.", "title": "Joe Perry (politician)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma took place on November 4, 2014 to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the State of Oklahoma, concurrently with the special election to Oklahoma's other Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections.", "title": "2014 United States Senate election in Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Griffith (\"Pete\") Stromberg (March 21, 1892 – November 4, 1952) was the owner since 1940 and editor since 1920 of \"\"The Howard County Times\"\", founded 1840 in Ellicott City, Maryland, the county seat of Howard County, which later grew into a syndicate of local community newspapers known as the \"Stromberg Newspapers\" in Howard County, Anne Arundel County, Prince George's County, Baltimore County and Baltimore City. He also was a Maryland State Senator from Howard County in the General Assembly of Maryland.", "title": "Paul Griffith Stromberg" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elections to the United States Senate will be held November 6, 2018, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections and two seats being contested in special elections. The winners will serve six - year terms from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2025. Currently, Democrats have 26 seats up for election, including the seats of two independents who caucus with them. Republicans have nine seats up for election. The seats up for regular election in 2018 were last up for election in 2012; in addition, special elections will be scheduled if vacancies occur, as has already happened in Minnesota and Mississippi.", "title": "2018 United States Senate elections" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elections to the United States Senate will be held November 6, 2018, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections. The winners will serve six - year terms from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2025. Currently, Democrats have 23 seats up for election along with 2 independents who caucus with them. Republicans have 8 seats up for election. Two of the Republican seats are open as a result of Tennessee Senator Bob Corker's and Arizona Senator Jeff Flake's pending retirements. The seats up for election in 2018 were last up for election in 2012, although some seats may have special elections if incumbents die or resign, as has already happened in Alabama and Minnesota. After the 2016 elections, some state election officials are trying to upgrade voting systems in time for this election.", "title": "2018 United States Senate elections" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Twelve Senators from each state are elected for six-year terms, using proportional representation and the single transferable vote (known in Australia as \"quota-preferential voting\": see Australian electoral system), with half elected every three years. In addition to the state Senators, two senators are elected by voters from the Northern Territory (which for this purpose includes the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands), while another two senators are elected by the voters of the Australian Capital Territory (which for this purpose includes the Jervis Bay Territory). Senators from the territories are also elected using preferential voting, but their term of office is not fixed; it starts on the day of a general election for the House of Representatives and ends on the day before the next such election.", "title": "Government of Australia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 12 June 1888. The result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 98 of the 138 seats in the Chamber of Representatives and 47 of the 69 seats in the Senate.", "title": "1888 Belgian general election" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raymond Jon Tester (born August 21, 1956) is an American politician serving as the senior United States Senator from Montana, a seat he was first elected to in 2006. He is a member of the Democratic Party.", "title": "Jon Tester" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jedediah Morgan was a member of the New York State Senate (7th D.) from 1824 to 1826, sitting in the 47th, 48th and 49th New York State Legislatures. In 1824, Morgan was one of only three State Senators who voted against the removal of DeWitt Clinton from the Erie Canal Commission. In 1826, he resigned his seat in the Senate due to ill health, and died soon afterwards.", "title": "Jedediah Morgan" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gerry Pollet is a lawyer and a Democratic member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 46th District. He lost the race for that seat in 2008 to Scott White, but was appointed to fill the seat December 5, 2011 after Rep. David Frockt, who was elected in 2010, moved over to the Washington State Senate to replace White, who had shifted to the senate in the 2010 election, then died in office.", "title": "Gerry Pollet" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "United States Senate 115th United States Congress Seal of the U.S. Senate Flag of the U.S. Senate Type Type Upper house of the United States Congress Term limits None History New session started January 3, 2017 (2017 - 01 - 03) Leadership President of the Senate / Vice President Mike Pence (R) Since January 20, 2017 President Pro Tempore Orrin Hatch (R) Since January 6, 2015 Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R) Since January 3, 2015 Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D) Since January 3, 2017 Majority Whip John Cornyn (R) Since January 3, 2015 Minority Whip Dick Durbin (D) Since January 3, 2015 Structure Seats 100 Political groups Majority (52) Republican (52) Minority (48) Democratic (46) Independents (2) (caucus with Democrats) Length of term 6 years Elections Voting system First - past - the - post; nonpartisan blanket primary with a majoritarian second round in 3 states. Last election November 8, 2016 (34 seats) Next election November 6, 2018 (33 seats) Meeting place Senate chamber United States Capitol Washington, D.C., United States Website www.senate.gov Constitution United States Constitution", "title": "United States Senate" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joseph Santo is a former Republican member of the Connecticut Senate, representing Norwalk and part of Darien, Connecticut in Connecticut's 25th District from 1986 to 1987. He won the seat in a special election to fill a vacancy caused by the death of State Senator Andrew J. Santaniello, Jr.. He defeated John Atkin for the seat, but was defeated by Atkin later the same year in the general election.", "title": "Joseph Santo" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was educated at state schools in Maryborough, Victoria, before serving in the military from 1915 to 1918 in the 22nd Infantry Battalion before transferring to the 2nd Pioneer Battalion. He returned to become a public servant, and was an official with the Australian Postal Workers' Union. He was also employed as private secretary to Victorian Labor Senator Richard Keane. In 1946, he was elected to the Australian Senate as a Labor Senator for Victoria, taking his seat in 1947. He held the seat until his retirement in 1970, taking effect in 1971. From 1968 to 1971 he was a joint Father of the Senate.", "title": "Bert Hendrickson" } ]	When will the next senator from the state where Sequoyah lived be seated?	January 3, 2018	[]	Title: 2018 United States Senate elections Passage: Elections to the United States Senate will be held November 6, 2018, with 33 of the 100 seats in the Senate being contested in regular elections. The winners will serve six - year terms from January 3, 2019, to January 3, 2025. Currently, Democrats have 23 seats up for election along with 2 independents who caucus with them. Republicans have 8 seats up for election. Two of the Republican seats are open as a result of Tennessee Senator Bob Corker's and Arizona Senator Jeff Flake's pending retirements. The seats up for election in 2018 were last up for election in 2012, although some seats may have special elections if incumbents die or resign, as has already happened in Alabama and Minnesota. After the 2016 elections, some state election officials are trying to upgrade voting systems in time for this election. Title: Nancy Barto Passage: Nancy K. Barto (born in Chicago, Illinois) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Arizona House of Representatives since January 14, 2019. She previously served in the Arizona Senate representing District 15 from 2013 to 2019. Barto served consecutively in the Arizona State Legislature from January 2007 until January 10, 2011 in the Arizona House of Representatives District 7 seat, then in the Arizona Senate in the District 7 seat from January 10, 2011 until January 14, 2013. Title: Senate of Canada Passage: The Senate of Canada (French: Sénat du Canada) is a component of the Parliament of Canada, along with the House of Commons and the Monarch (represented by the Governor General). The Senate is modelled after the British House of Lords and consists of 105 members appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. Seats are assigned on a regional basis: four regions -- defined as Ontario, Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces -- each receive 24 seats, with the remaining portions of the country -- Newfoundland and Labrador and the three northern territories -- assigned the remaining 9 seats apart from these regional divisions. Senators may serve until they reach the age of 75. Title: Senate (France) Passage: Senate Sénat Type Type Upper house of the French Parliament History Founded 1799 Leadership Président Gérard Larcher Structure Seats 348 Political groups CRCE (15) SOC (78) RDSE (21) REM (21) LIRT (11) UC (49) LR (145) RASNAG (8) Elections Voting system Indirect election Last election 24 September 2017 Next election September 2020 Meeting place Luxembourg Palace, Paris Website www.senat.fr Title: 2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama Passage: Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, becoming the first Democratic U.S. Senator from Alabama since Howell Heflin's retirement in 1997. Title: Sequoyah Passage: It is unclear when Sequoyah moved to Alabama from Tennessee. Some sources claim he went with his mother, though there is no confirmed date for her death. Others have stated that it was before 1809, when he started his work on the Cherokee Syllabary. Another source claims it was in 1818. However, this date is too late, because he was already living in Alabama when he enlisted in the army. In 1813–14, Sequoyah served as a warrior of the Cherokee Regiment (Col. Gideon Morgan, Commander) at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend against the "Red Sticks" (Creek, or Muskogee, renegades). His white comrades called him either George Guess or George Gist.	[ "Sequoyah", "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" ]
2hop__741478_608104	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ahmad Fuadi (born 30 December 1973) is an Indonesian writer, novelist and social entrepreneur. His debut novel Negeri 5 Menara (The Land of 5 Towers) broke the publisher's sales record (Gramedia Pustaka Utama) for the last 37 years. Negeri 5 Menara is the first part of the Negeri 5 Menara trilogy, followed by Ranah 3 Warna (The Earth of 3 Colors), and Rantau 1 Muara\" \"Negeri 5 Menara\" was brought into wide-screen version and listed as one of the most watched Indonesian movies in the year of 2012. He's also well known for his extraordinary achievement in achieving 9 overseas scholarships.", "title": "Ahmad Fuadi" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.", "title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Perlis State Mosque (Malay: \"Masjid Negeri Perlis\") is a mosque in Arau, Perlis, Malaysia. It is the state and royal mosque of Perlis.", "title": "Perlis State Mosque" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.", "title": "Paea" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.", "title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta (SMANED) is a public high school located at Salemba Raya street in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The school is in one complex with SMP Negeri 216 Jakarta, SD Negeri Kenari, and Menza functional building. It was established on August 29, 1981 after being inaugurated by President Soeharto. In 2006, it was appointed to become RSBI (Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional). Today, there are 840 students and 103 teachers and staff.", "title": "SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.", "title": "Union territory" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.", "title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Labohan Dagang–Nilai Route, also known as Nilai–KLIA Highway, Federal Route 32 (formerly Selangor state route B20 or Negeri Sembilan state route N20), is a major highway in the Multimedia Super Corridor area in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan states, Malaysia. The 26.0 km (16.2 mi) federal highway connects Tanjung Dua Belas, Selangor in the west to Nilai, Negeri Sembilan in the east.", "title": "Labohan Dagang–Nilai Route" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khairul Ridzwan Othman (born 7 October 1991 in Seremban, Negeri Sembilan) is a Malaysian footballer formerly playing for Negeri Sembilan FA in Malaysia Super League.", "title": "Khairul Ridzwan Othman" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bancroft was a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 68 at the 2010 census. As of 2013, the population of the town was 60. On July 1, 2015 the town voted to deorganize and become part of the unorganized territory of South Aroostook.", "title": "Bancroft, Maine" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.", "title": "Territory of Papua" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.", "title": "Vilnius County" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tuanku Jaafar Power Station is one of the main power stations in Malaysia, located in Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan. The power station belongs to Tenaga Nasional Berhad and is a state-of-art combined cycle power plants comprise PD1 (750MW MHI Technology) and PD2 (750MW GE-TOSHIBA Technology).", "title": "Tuanku Jaafar Power Station" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Iwan Fals (born Virgiawan Listanto; 3 September 1961 in Jakarta) is an Indonesian singer–songwriter. In 2002, \"Time\" magazine named him as a Great Asian Hero.", "title": "Iwan Fals" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lew Syn Pau () is a former Member of Parliament for the Kreta Ayer-Tanglin Group Representation Constituency in Singapore as a People's Action Party politician. Since 2002, he has been President of the Singapore Manufacturers' Federation (SMa).", "title": "Lew Syn Pau" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.", "title": "British Togoland" } ]	Within the greater city were Iwan Fals was born, in what administrative city is the school SMA Negeri 68?	Central Jakarta	[ "Jakarta, Indonesia", "Jakarta" ]	Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Bancroft, Maine Passage: Bancroft was a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population was 68 at the 2010 census. As of 2013, the population of the town was 60. On July 1, 2015 the town voted to deorganize and become part of the unorganized territory of South Aroostook. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Iwan Fals Passage: Iwan Fals (born Virgiawan Listanto; 3 September 1961 in Jakarta) is an Indonesian singer–songwriter. In 2002, "Time" magazine named him as a Great Asian Hero. Title: Lew Syn Pau Passage: Lew Syn Pau () is a former Member of Parliament for the Kreta Ayer-Tanglin Group Representation Constituency in Singapore as a People's Action Party politician. Since 2002, he has been President of the Singapore Manufacturers' Federation (SMa). Title: SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta Passage: SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta (SMANED) is a public high school located at Salemba Raya street in Central Jakarta, Indonesia. The school is in one complex with SMP Negeri 216 Jakarta, SD Negeri Kenari, and Menza functional building. It was established on August 29, 1981 after being inaugurated by President Soeharto. In 2006, it was appointed to become RSBI (Rintisan Sekolah Bertaraf Internasional). Today, there are 840 students and 103 teachers and staff.	[ "SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta", "Iwan Fals" ]
2hop__855655_88700	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.", "title": "Gravity assist" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Capacity building is an ongoing problem experienced by NPOs for a number of reasons. Most rely on external funding (government funds, grants from charitable foundations, direct donations) to maintain their operations and changes in these sources of revenue may influence the reliability or predictability with which the organization can hire and retain staff, sustain facilities, create programs, or maintain tax-exempt status. For example, a university that sells research to for-profit companies may have tax exemption problems. In addition, unreliable funding, long hours and low pay can result in employee retention problems. During 2009, the US government acknowledged this critical need by the inclusion of the Nonprofit Capacity Building Program in the Serve America Act. Further efforts to quantify the scope of the sector and propose policy solutions for community benefit were included in the Nonprofit Sector and Community Solutions Act, proposed during 2010.", "title": "Nonprofit organization" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account for the discrepancy. This was the first time that Newton's Theory of Gravity had been shown to be less correct than an alternative.", "title": "Force" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1973 a number of automated spacecraft have visited Jupiter, most notably the Pioneer 10 space probe, the first spacecraft to get close enough to Jupiter to send back revelations about the properties and phenomena of the Solar System's largest planet. Flights to other planets within the Solar System are accomplished at a cost in energy, which is described by the net change in velocity of the spacecraft, or delta-v. Entering a Hohmann transfer orbit from Earth to Jupiter from low Earth orbit requires a delta-v of 6.3 km/s which is comparable to the 9.7 km/s delta-v needed to reach low Earth orbit. Gravity assists through planetary flybys can be used to reduce the energy required to reach Jupiter, albeit at the cost of a significantly longer flight duration.", "title": "Jupiter" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Another project involved constructing the Digital Orrery by Gerry Sussman and his MIT group in 1988. The group used a supercomputer to integrate the orbits of the outer planets over 845 million years (some 20 per cent of the age of the Solar System). In 1988, Sussman and Wisdom found data using the Orrery which revealed that Pluto's orbit shows signs of chaos, due in part to its peculiar resonance with Neptune.If Pluto's orbit is chaotic, then technically the whole Solar System is chaotic, because each body, even one as small as Pluto, affects the others to some extent through gravitational interactions.", "title": "Stability of the Solar System" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The planet Neptune was mathematically predicted before it was directly observed. With a prediction by Urbain Le Verrier, telescopic observations confirming the existence of a major planet were made on the night of September 23 -- 24, 1846, at the Berlin Observatory, by astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle (assisted by Heinrich Louis d'Arrest), working from Le Verrier's calculations. It was a sensational moment of 19th century science and dramatic confirmation of Newtonian gravitational theory. In François Arago's apt phrase, Le Verrier had discovered a planet ``with the point of his pen ''.", "title": "Discovery of Neptune" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia's market reforms put it among the economic leaders in the former COMECON area.[citation needed] In 1994, based on the economic theories of Milton Friedman, Estonia became one of the first countries to adopt a flat tax, with a uniform rate of 26% regardless of personal income. In January 2005, the personal income tax rate was reduced to 24%. Another reduction to 23% followed in January 2006. The income tax rate was decreased to 21% by January 2008. The Government of Estonia finalised the design of Estonian euro coins in late 2004, and adopted the euro as the country's currency on 1 January 2011, later than planned due to continued high inflation. A Land Value Tax is levied which is used to fund local municipalities. It is a state level tax, however 100% of the revenue is used to fund Local Councils. The rate is set by the Local Council within the limits of 0.1–2.5%. It is one of the most important sources of funding for municipalities. The Land Value Tax is levied on the value of the land only with improvements and buildings not considered. Very few exemptions are considered on the land value tax and even public institutions are subject to the tax. The tax has contributed to a high rate (~90%) of owner-occupied residences within Estonia, compared to a rate of 67.4% in the United States.", "title": "Estonia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Advertising affiliates include Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, Ltd.; Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, B.V.; Subway Franchisee Canadian Advertising Trust; etc.Subway's international headquarters are in Milford, Connecticut, with five regional centers supporting the company's international operations. The regional offices for European franchises are located in Amsterdam (Netherlands); the Australian and New Zealand locations are supported from Brisbane (Australia); the Asian locations are supported from offices in Beirut (Lebanon) and Singapore; and the Latin American support center is in Miami.", "title": "Subway (restaurant)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Tobin tax was originally defined as a tax on all spot conversions of one currency into another. It was suggested by James Tobin, an economist who won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Tobin's tax was originally intended to penalize short-term financial round-trip excursions into another currency. By the late 1990s, however, the term Tobin tax was being incorrectly used to apply to all forms of short term transaction taxation, whether across currencies or not. Another term for these broader tax schemes is Robin Hood tax, due to tax revenues from the (presumably richer) speculator funding general revenue (of whom the primary beneficiaries are less wealthy). More exact terms, however, apply to different scopes of tax.", "title": "Tobin tax" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HD 15115 is a star in the constellation Cetus. Its apparent magnitude is 6.76. Located approximately distant, this F4 subgiant was shown to have an asymmetric debris disk surrounding it. The reason for the asymmetry is thought to be the gravitational pull of a companion star, an exoplanet, or interaction with the local interstellar medium.", "title": "HD 15115" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hero Rupes is an escarpment on Mercury more than long located in the southern hemisphere of Mercury. Discovered by the \"Mariner 10\" spacecraft in 1974, it was formed by a thrust fault, thought to have occurred due to the shrinkage of the planet's core as it cooled over time.", "title": "Hero Rupes" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The local property tax (LPT) is annual self - assessed tax charged on the market value of all residential properties in Ireland. It came into effect on 1 July 2013 and is collected by the Revenue Commissioners. The tax is assessed on residential properties, with the owner a property being liable (though in the case of leases over twenty years, the tenant becomes liable). The revenue raised is used to fund the provision of services by local authorities and includes transfers between local authorities. Such services currently include public parks; libraries; open spaces and leisure amenities; planning and development; fire and emergency services; maintenance and cleaning of streets; and street lighting. Some recent media reports dispute that such services have been funded from 2013 property tax receipts.", "title": "Local property tax (Ireland)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed with a telescope on 23 September 1846 by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier. Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century. The planet's distance from Earth gives it a very small apparent size, making it challenging to study with Earth-based telescopes. Neptune was visited by Voyager 2, when it flew by the planet on 25 August 1989. The advent of Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics has recently allowed for additional detailed observations from afar.", "title": "Neptune" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "American Tax Funding (ATF) is a private company based in Jupiter, Florida that engages in the purchasing and servicing of delinquent municipal real estate tax lien sales. Originally formed in 1997 as Transamerica Municipal Finance (TMF), a division of Transamerica Corporation. In August 2000 the founders completed a form of a management buyout of TMF, creating ATF. ATF currently buys and services real estate tax liens in over 14 states and has provided over $1 billion in relief to local governments. Many ATF tax liens are secured by either Wells Fargo Foot Hill or the Harris Nesbitt Corporation. The process of privatizing the municipal tax foreclosures process and outsourcing to out of state third party, for-profit, private companies has drawn criticism from housing advocates who argue that a for-profit tax foreclosure process leads to more foreclosures, displacement and vacancy. The other argument is that third party purchases of tax liens enables local governments to pay for essential services such as salaries for teachers, health care, police officers and firefighters. To date, no study has shown that the sale of tax liens to third parties leads to any increase in foreclosure activity. In fact, the sale of liens to third party purchasers often extends redemption periods and allows flexible repayment agreements for delinquent tax payers.", "title": "American Tax Funding" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry.", "title": "Renewable energy commercialization" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Weber bar is a device used in the detection of gravitational waves first devised and constructed by physicist Joseph Weber at the University of Maryland. The device consisted of multiple aluminium cylinders, 2 meters in length and 1 meter in diameter, antennae for detecting gravitational waves.", "title": "Weber bar" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Touchstone Semiconductor was founded in 2010 by a group of semiconductor industry experts from Maxim Integrated Products, Linear Technology and Analog Devices. The company received $12M funding in Series A funding from Opus Capital and Khosla Ventures, the headquarters were located in Milpitas, California.", "title": "Touchstone Semiconductor" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fund is headquartered at 101 Park Avenue, 48th Floor, New York, NY 10178, USA. Touradji Capital is called a \"Tiger Cub\", as it is a fund that grew out of Julian Robertson's Tiger Management.", "title": "Touradji Capital Management" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Schiehallion experiment was an 18th-century experiment to determine the mean density of the Earth. Funded by a grant from the Royal Society, it was conducted in the summer of 1774 around the Scottish mountain of Schiehallion, Perthshire. The experiment involved measuring the tiny deflection of a pendulum due to the gravitational attraction of a nearby mountain. Schiehallion was considered the ideal location after a search for candidate mountains, thanks to its isolation and almost symmetrical shape. One of the triggers for the experiment were anomalies noted during the survey of the Mason–Dixon line.", "title": "Schiehallion experiment" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The US federal government imposed the first personal income tax, on August 5, 1861, to help pay for its war effort in the American Civil War - (3% of all incomes over US $800) (equivalent to $21,800 in 2017). This tax was repealed and replaced by another income tax in 1862. It was only in 1894 that the first peacetime income tax was passed through the Wilson - Gorman tariff. The rate was 2% on income over $4000 (equivalent to $113,000 in 2017), which meant fewer than 10% of households would pay any. The purpose of the income tax was to make up for revenue that would be lost by tariff reductions. The US Supreme Court ruled the income tax unconstitutional, the 10th amendment forbidding any powers not expressed in the US Constitution, and there being no power to impose any other than a direct tax by apportionment.", "title": "Income tax" } ]	What spacecraft used the gravitational pull of the planet for which the headquarters city of American Tax Funding is named?	Voyager probes	[]	Title: American Tax Funding Passage: American Tax Funding (ATF) is a private company based in Jupiter, Florida that engages in the purchasing and servicing of delinquent municipal real estate tax lien sales. Originally formed in 1997 as Transamerica Municipal Finance (TMF), a division of Transamerica Corporation. In August 2000 the founders completed a form of a management buyout of TMF, creating ATF. ATF currently buys and services real estate tax liens in over 14 states and has provided over $1 billion in relief to local governments. Many ATF tax liens are secured by either Wells Fargo Foot Hill or the Harris Nesbitt Corporation. The process of privatizing the municipal tax foreclosures process and outsourcing to out of state third party, for-profit, private companies has drawn criticism from housing advocates who argue that a for-profit tax foreclosure process leads to more foreclosures, displacement and vacancy. The other argument is that third party purchases of tax liens enables local governments to pay for essential services such as salaries for teachers, health care, police officers and firefighters. To date, no study has shown that the sale of tax liens to third parties leads to any increase in foreclosure activity. In fact, the sale of liens to third party purchasers often extends redemption periods and allows flexible repayment agreements for delinquent tax payers. Title: Force Passage: It was only the orbit of the planet Mercury that Newton's Law of Gravitation seemed not to fully explain. Some astrophysicists predicted the existence of another planet (Vulcan) that would explain the discrepancies; however, despite some early indications, no such planet could be found. When Albert Einstein formulated his theory of general relativity (GR) he turned his attention to the problem of Mercury's orbit and found that his theory added a correction, which could account for the discrepancy. This was the first time that Newton's Theory of Gravity had been shown to be less correct than an alternative. Title: Renewable energy commercialization Passage: Just as there is a need for tax shifting, there is also a need for subsidy shifting. Subsidies are not an inherently bad thing as many technologies and industries emerged through government subsidy schemes. The Stern Review explains that of 20 key innovations from the past 30 years, only one of the 14 was funded entirely by the private sector and nine were totally publicly funded. In terms of specific examples, the Internet was the result of publicly funded links among computers in government laboratories and research institutes. And the combination of the federal tax deduction and a robust state tax deduction in California helped to create the modern wind power industry. Title: Neptune Passage: Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed with a telescope on 23 September 1846 by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier. Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century. The planet's distance from Earth gives it a very small apparent size, making it challenging to study with Earth-based telescopes. Neptune was visited by Voyager 2, when it flew by the planet on 25 August 1989. The advent of Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics has recently allowed for additional detailed observations from afar. Title: Subway (restaurant) Passage: Advertising affiliates include Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, Ltd.; Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, B.V.; Subway Franchisee Canadian Advertising Trust; etc.Subway's international headquarters are in Milford, Connecticut, with five regional centers supporting the company's international operations. The regional offices for European franchises are located in Amsterdam (Netherlands); the Australian and New Zealand locations are supported from Brisbane (Australia); the Asian locations are supported from offices in Beirut (Lebanon) and Singapore; and the Latin American support center is in Miami. Title: Gravity assist Passage: In orbital mechanics and aerospace engineering, a gravitational slingshot, gravity assist maneuver, or swing - by is the use of the relative movement (e.g. orbit around the Sun) and gravity of a planet or other astronomical object to alter the path and speed of a spacecraft, typically to save propellant and reduce expense. Gravity assistance can be used to accelerate a spacecraft, that is, to increase or decrease its speed or redirect its path. The ``assist ''is provided by the motion of the gravitating body as it pulls on the spacecraft. The gravity assist maneuver was first used in 1959 when the Soviet probe Luna 3 photographed the far side of Earth's Moon and it was used by interplanetary probes from Mariner 10 onwards, including the two Voyager probes' notable flybys of Jupiter and Saturn.	[ "Gravity assist", "American Tax Funding" ]
2hop__331657_60600	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were officially unveiled during a press event at the Flint Center for Performing Arts in Cupertino, California on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014; pre-orders began on September 12, 2014, with the iPhone 6 starting at US $649 and the iPhone 6 Plus starting at US $749. In China, where the iPhone 5c and 5s were the first models in the iPhone series to be released in the country on the same day as their international launch, Apple notified local wireless carriers that it would be unable to release the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus on the 19th because there were ``details which are not ready ''; local media reported that the devices had not yet been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and earlier in the year, a news report by state broadcaster China Central Television alleged that iPhone devices were a threat to national security because iOS 7's`` frequent locations'' function could expose ``state secrets. ''", "title": "IPhone 6" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.2. 1, was released on December 13, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2. 5 was released on December 13, 2017.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.4, was released on May 29, 2018.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release is iOS 11.0. 1.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015.", "title": "IPhone 6" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were moved to the midrange spot in Apple's iPhone lineup when the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were released in September 2015. The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus were discontinued in most countries on September 7, 2016 when Apple announced the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus. Their spot as the entry - level iPhone was replaced by the iPhone SE, which was released earlier on March 31, 2016. The iPhone 6 was relaunched with 32 GB of storage in Asian markets in February 2017 as a midrange / budget iPhone. It was later expanded to Europe, before hitting the US markets in May 2017, and Canada in July 2017.", "title": "IPhone 6" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "title": "IPhone 6S" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 5 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and, setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs.", "title": "IPhone 5" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone X (``X ''pronounced`` ten'' / tɛn /) is a smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It was announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus. The phone was released on November 3, 2017. This device marks the iPhone series' tenth anniversary, with ``X ''being the symbol for`` ten'' in Roman numerals.", "title": "IPhone X" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the upcoming iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 4 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. Following a number of notable leaks, the iPhone 4 was first unveiled on June 7, 2010, at Apple's Worldwide Developers Conference in San Francisco, and was released on June 24, 2010, in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany and Japan. It is the 4th generation of iPhone, succeeding the 3GS and preceding the 4S.", "title": "IPhone 4" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016.", "title": "IPhone 6S" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Bonjour is Apple's implementation of zero-configuration networking (zeroconf), a group of technologies that includes service discovery, address assignment, and hostname resolution. Bonjour locates devices such as printers, other computers, and the services that those devices offer on a local network using multicast Domain Name System (mDNS) service records.", "title": "Bonjour (software)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.1. 1, was released on November 9, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2 was released on November 13, 2017.", "title": "IOS version history" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They will be succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017.", "title": "IPhone 7" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 12, 2017, alongside the higher - end iPhone X, at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus, and were released on September 22, 2017, succeeding iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus.", "title": "IPhone 8" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "iOS 10 A version of the iOS operating system The default iOS 10 home screen on an iPhone 7 Developer Apple Inc. Source model Closed with open - source components Initial release September 13, 2016; 17 months ago (2016 - 09 - 13) Latest release 10.3. 3 (14G60) / July 19, 2017; 7 months ago (2017 - 07 - 19) Platforms iPhone iPhone 5 iPhone 5C iPhone 5S iPhone 6 iPhone 6 Plus iPhone 6S iPhone 6S Plus iPhone SE iPhone 7 iPhone 7 Plus iPod Touch iPod Touch (6th generation) iPad iPad (4th generation) iPad Air iPad Air 2 iPad (2017) iPad Mini 2 iPad Mini 3 iPad Mini 4 iPad Pro Kernel type Hybrid (XNU) License Proprietary software with open - source components Preceded by iOS 9 Succeeded by iOS 11 Official website iOS 10 at the Wayback Machine (archived September 12, 2017) Support status Third - party application support only", "title": "IOS 10" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Ben Dayan (born 1941) is an American real estate developer, founder of Bonjour Capital and co-founder of Bonjour Jeans.", "title": "Charles Dayan (real estate developer)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 18, 2014, an 8 GB version of the device was released in UK, France, Germany, Italy, Australia, Sweden and China. On September 9, 2014, Apple discontinued the iPhone 4S as part of its annual refresh of the iPhone lineup -- in which time the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were introduced -- thus making the iPhone 5C the entry - level model complimentary when a two - year contract is signed with a US carrier or $349 off - contract. The 16 & 32 GB versions of the iPhone 5C were also discontinued globally, replaced by the 8 GB model. However, some carriers in the US like AT&T kept the 16 GB and 32 GB models instead of having the 8 GB model, thus the 16 GB model was $0 (on - contract) and the 32 GB was priced between $50 -- $100 (on - contract). The 8 GB iPhone 5C succeeded the discontinued iPhone 4S as Apple's entry - level smartphone.", "title": "IPhone 5C" } ]	When did the iPhone 6 by the Bonjour developer come out?	September 19, 2014	[]	Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015. Title: Bonjour (software) Passage: Bonjour is Apple's implementation of zero-configuration networking (zeroconf), a group of technologies that includes service discovery, address assignment, and hostname resolution. Bonjour locates devices such as printers, other computers, and the services that those devices offer on a local network using multicast Domain Name System (mDNS) service records. Title: IPhone 5 Passage: The iPhone 5 is a smartphone that was designed and marketed by Apple Inc. It is the sixth generation of the iPhone succeeding the iPhone 4S and preceding the iPhone 5S and iPhone 5C. Formally unveiled as part of a press event on September 12, 2012, it was released on September 21, 2012. The iPhone 5 is the first iPhone to be announced in September and, setting a trend for subsequent iPhone releases, the first iPhone to be completely developed under the guidance of Tim Cook and the last iPhone to be overseen by Steve Jobs. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.1. 1, was released on November 9, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2 was released on November 13, 2017. Title: IPhone 6S Passage: iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016. Title: Charles Dayan (real estate developer) Passage: Charles Ben Dayan (born 1941) is an American real estate developer, founder of Bonjour Capital and co-founder of Bonjour Jeans.	[ "IPhone 6", "Bonjour (software)" ]
2hop__667140_56101	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A voltmeter is an instrument used for measuring electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit; digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by use of an analog to digital converter.", "title": "Voltmeter" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Electric Café is the ninth studio album by the electronic group Kraftwerk, originally released in 1986. In October 2009 it was re-released under its original working title, Techno Pop. The initial 1986 \"Electric Café\" came in versions sung in English and German, as well as a limited \"Edición Española\" release, featuring versions of \"Techno Pop\" and \"Sex Object\" with only Spanish lyrics. It was the first Kraftwerk LP to be created using predominantly digital musical instruments, although the finished product was still recorded onto analog master tapes.", "title": "Electric Café" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Being a private facility, it is situated inside the Meralco Center at Ortigas Avenue in Pasig City. The transformation of the JFCH into an integrated corporate wellness center made the Manila Electric Company the first corporation in the Philippines to institutionalize the implementation of such a program.", "title": "John F. Cotton Corporate Wellness Center" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Washington Hough (October 24, 1836 – January 1, 1909) was an American astronomer born in Montgomery, New York. He discovered 627 double stars and made systematic studies of the surface of Jupiter. He designed and constructed several instruments used in astronomy, meteorology, and physics. From 1862 to 1874, Hough was director of Dudley Observatory, Albany, New York. In 1879 he was appointed professor of astronomy at the University of Chicago. He became the director of Dearborn Observatory when the observatory was moved to Evanston, Illinois. He introduced original plans for the dome and electric control for the telescope.", "title": "George W. Hough" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.", "title": "Vacuum" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a \"peculiar shape\" and \"crude construction,\" and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were \"superior\" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin.", "title": "Mandolin" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a \"grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound\" on records such as James Cotton's \"Cotton Crop Blues\" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental \"Rumble\" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as \"Let's Go Trippin'\" (1961) and \"Misirlou\" (1962).", "title": "Hard rock" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Before the advent of the ASA system, the system of Weston film speed ratings was introduced by Edward Faraday Weston (1878–1971) and his father Dr. Edward Weston (1850–1936), a British-born electrical engineer, industrialist and founder of the US-based Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation, with the Weston model 617, one of the earliest photo-electric exposure meters, in August 1932. The meter and film rating system were invented by William Nelson Goodwin, Jr., who worked for them and later received a Howard N. Potts Medal for his contributions to engineering.", "title": "Film speed" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "You, Me, and Dupree is a 2006 American comedy film directed by Anthony Russo and Joe Russo and written by Mike LeSieur. It stars Owen Wilson, Kate Hudson, Matt Dillon, Seth Rogen, Amanda Detmer, Todd Stashwick, and Michael Douglas.", "title": "You, Me and Dupree" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Django the Bastard (Italian: \"Django il bastardo\"), also known as The Strangers Gundown, is a 1969 Italian Spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Garrone. This Gothic-themed Spaghetti Western took advantage of the success of Sergio Corbucci's film \"Django\", hence its title. A similar spaghetti western is the 1967 film \"Django Kill\".", "title": "Django the Bastard" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bitches Brew is a studio double album by American jazz musician, composer, and bandleader Miles Davis, released on March 30, 1970 on Columbia Records. It marked his continuing experimentation with electric instruments that he had previously featured on the critically acclaimed \"In a Silent Way\" (1969). With these instruments, such as the electric piano and guitar, Davis rejected traditional jazz rhythms in favor of loose, rock-influenced arrangements based on improvisation.", "title": "Bitches Brew" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Trouble No More\" is an upbeat blues song first recorded by Muddy Waters in 1955. The song was a hit the following year, reaching number seven in the Billboard R&B chart. Backing Muddy Waters were Jimmy Rogers (electric guitar), Little Walter (amplified harmonica), Otis Spann (piano), Willie Dixon (bass), Francis Clay (drums), a loose group of fellow Chess recording artists, sometimes known as the \"Headhunters,\" who were instrumental in defining Chicago blues.", "title": "Trouble No More (song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1985, in a campaign initiated by then CBS Musical Instruments division president William Schultz (1926 -- 2006), the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company employees purchased the company from CBS and renamed it Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC). Behind the Fender name, FMIC has retained Fender's older models along with newer designs and concepts. The sale however did not include the old Fullerton factory; FMIC had to build a new facility in nearby Corona.", "title": "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Garron DuPree (born December 4, 1989) is a bass guitarist and recording engineer from Texas. DuPree began his career as a professional musician in 2005 at the age of 15 as the bassist for the group Eisley, and became the bassist for Say Anything in 2013. Garron DuPree is also a recording engineer as well as a session musician.", "title": "Garron DuPree" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Seven Days is an album recorded by jazz musician Jan Hammer in 1975. It features extensive use of synthesizers, including the synthesized \"guitar\" parts (as on his follow-up album, \"Oh Yeah?\"), with the record jacket stating, \"For those concerned: there is \"no guitar\" on this album.\" Other instruments used are grand piano, electric violin and percussion.", "title": "The First Seven Days" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period.", "title": "Bass guitar" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first successful classical unified field theory was developed by James Clerk Maxwell. In 1820 Hans Christian Ørsted discovered that electric currents exerted forces on magnets, while in 1831, Michael Faraday made the observation that time - varying magnetic fields could induce electric currents. Until then, electricity and magnetism had been thought of as unrelated phenomena. In 1864, Maxwell published his famous paper on a dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field. This was the first example of a theory that was able to encompass previously separate field theories (namely electricity and magnetism) to provide a unifying theory of electromagnetism. By 1905, Albert Einstein had used the constancy of the speed of light in Maxwell's theory to unify our notions of space and time into an entity we now call spacetime and in 1915 he expanded this theory of special relativity to a description of gravity, General Relativity, using a field to describe the curving geometry of four - dimensional spacetime.", "title": "Unified field theory" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The PP-2000 (Russian: ПП-2000) is a submachine gun/machine pistol made by the KBP Instrument Design Bureau. It was first publicly displayed at the Interpolytech-2004 exhibition in Moscow even though its patent was filed in 2001 and issued in 2003.", "title": "PP-2000" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The typical symphony orchestra consists of four groups of related musical instruments called the woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings (violin, viola, cello and double bass). Other instruments such as the piano and celesta may sometimes be grouped into a fifth section such as a keyboard section or may stand alone, as may the concert harp and electric and electronic instruments. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all of the standard instruments in each group.", "title": "Orchestra" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Orchestral Favorites is an album by Frank Zappa first released in May 1979 on his own DiscReet Records label. The album is instrumental and features music performed by the 37-piece Abnuceals Emuukha Electric Symphony Orchestra.", "title": "Orchestral Favorites" } ]	When was the first electric version of Garron DuPree's instrument made?	the 1930s	[]	Title: Hard rock Passage: The roots of hard rock can be traced back to the 1950s, particularly electric blues, which laid the foundations for key elements such as a rough declamatory vocal style, heavy guitar riffs, string-bending blues-scale guitar solos, strong beat, thick riff-laden texture, and posturing performances. Electric blues guitarists began experimenting with hard rock elements such as driving rhythms, distorted guitar solos and power chords in the 1950s, evident in the work of Memphis blues guitarists such as Joe Hill Louis, Willie Johnson, and particularly Pat Hare, who captured a "grittier, nastier, more ferocious electric guitar sound" on records such as James Cotton's "Cotton Crop Blues" (1954). Other antecedents include Link Wray's instrumental "Rumble" in 1958, and the surf rock instrumentals of Dick Dale, such as "Let's Go Trippin'" (1961) and "Misirlou" (1962). Title: Bass guitar Passage: In the 1930s, musician and inventor Paul Tutmarc from Seattle, Washington, who was manufacturing lap steel guitars, developed the first electric string bass in its modern form, a fretted instrument designed to be played horizontally. The 1935 sales catalog for Tutmarc's electronic musical instrument company, Audiovox, featured his ``Model 736 Bass Fiddle '', a four - stringed, solid - bodied, fretted electric bass instrument with a 30 ⁄ - inch (775 - millimetre) scale length. The adoption of a guitar's body shape made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in tune more easily than on fretless acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period. Title: George W. Hough Passage: George Washington Hough (October 24, 1836 – January 1, 1909) was an American astronomer born in Montgomery, New York. He discovered 627 double stars and made systematic studies of the surface of Jupiter. He designed and constructed several instruments used in astronomy, meteorology, and physics. From 1862 to 1874, Hough was director of Dudley Observatory, Albany, New York. In 1879 he was appointed professor of astronomy at the University of Chicago. He became the director of Dearborn Observatory when the observatory was moved to Evanston, Illinois. He introduced original plans for the dome and electric control for the telescope. Title: Garron DuPree Passage: Garron DuPree (born December 4, 1989) is a bass guitarist and recording engineer from Texas. DuPree began his career as a professional musician in 2005 at the age of 15 as the bassist for the group Eisley, and became the bassist for Say Anything in 2013. Garron DuPree is also a recording engineer as well as a session musician. Title: Mandolin Passage: Mandolin awareness in the United States blossomed in the 1880s, as the instrument became part of a fad that continued into the mid-1920s. According to Clarence L. Partee, the first mandolin made in the United States was made in 1883 or 1884 by Joseph Bohmann, who was an established maker of violins in Chicago. Partee characterized the early instrument as being larger than the European instruments he was used to, with a "peculiar shape" and "crude construction," and said that the quality improved, until American instruments were "superior" to imported instruments. At the time, Partee was using an imported French-made mandolin. Title: Trouble No More (song) Passage: "Trouble No More" is an upbeat blues song first recorded by Muddy Waters in 1955. The song was a hit the following year, reaching number seven in the Billboard R&B chart. Backing Muddy Waters were Jimmy Rogers (electric guitar), Little Walter (amplified harmonica), Otis Spann (piano), Willie Dixon (bass), Francis Clay (drums), a loose group of fellow Chess recording artists, sometimes known as the "Headhunters," who were instrumental in defining Chicago blues.	[ "Garron DuPree", "Bass guitar" ]
2hop__129019_11427	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of the 111,514 households, 39.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.9% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were not families. Around 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.20.", "title": "Williamson County, Texas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Amlekhganj (\"also\" Amlekhgunj) (Nepali:अमलेखगंज) is a town and Village Development Committee (now Sub Metropolitan City) in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,709 people living in 1370 individual households. There were 3,413 males and 3,296 females at the time of census. At one time it was famed as the starting point of the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) which connected it with Raxaul in India.", "title": "Amlekhganj" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WMID is a radio station in Atlantic City, New Jersey which plays \"the classic oldies\". Its parent company is Equity Communications (the station was at one time owned by entertainer Merv Griffin). WMID also carries the Philadelphia Phillies. Its studios are located on East Black Horse Pike in the West Atlantic City section of Egg Harbor Township, and its transmitter is located on Murray Avenue in Atlantic City.", "title": "WMID" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Devisthan is a town and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1,777 persons living in 317 individual households.", "title": "Devisthan, Khotang" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 475 households out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.9% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 16.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.92.", "title": "Friend, Nebraska" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 15,638 households out of which 43.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.30% were married couples living together, 8.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.50% were non-families. 20.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.33.", "title": "Elko County, Nevada" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bahunidanda is a town and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,365 persons living in 401 individual households.", "title": "Bahunidanda" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nunthala is a town and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,135 persons living in 788 individual households.", "title": "Nunthala" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 12,961 households of which 40.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.00% were married couples living together, 15.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.10% were non-families. 19.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.45.", "title": "Jim Wells County, Texas" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samalpung is a town and Village Development Committee in Ilam District in the Mechi Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,106 persons living in 776 individual households.", "title": "Samalbung" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 112,608 households in the city in 2000, of which 26.5% included children below the age of 18, 39.5% were composed of married couples living together, 11.4% reported a female householder with no husband present, and 45.5% classified themselves as nonfamily. Unmarried partners were present in 2.2% of households. In addition, 33.1% of all households were composed of individuals living alone, of which 6.2% was someone 65 years of age or older. The average household size in Raleigh was 2.30 persons, and the average family size was 2.97 persons.", "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 6,705 households out of which 37.90% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.10% were married couples living together, 12.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.80% were non-families. 22.80% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.17.", "title": "Washington County, Alabama" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2010, 24.9 percent of households reported having children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.3 percent were married couples living together and 22.5 percent had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0 percent had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.2 percent were non-families. The city reported 34.1 percent of all households were made up of individuals while 10.5 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.20. In 2013, the percentage of women who gave birth in the previous 12 months who were unmarried was 56 percent. Of Philadelphia's adults, 31 percent were married or lived as a couple, 55 percent were not married, 11 percent were divorced or separated, and 3 percent were widowed.", "title": "Philadelphia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 58,939 households out of which 34.2% had youngsters under the age of 18 living with them, 60.1% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.04.", "title": "El Dorado County, California" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bishnupurwa is a town and Village Development Committee in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,606 persons living in 617 individual households.", "title": "Bishnupurwa" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 3,282 households out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.80% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.01.", "title": "White Pine County, Nevada" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khopawa is a town and Village Development Committee in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,162 persons living in 587 individual households.", "title": "Khopawa" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there are 84,084 people, 44,497 households, and 16,775 families in the city. The population density is 10,178.7 inhabitants per square mile (3,930.4/km²). There are 47,863 housing units at an average density of 5,794.0 per square mile (2,237.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 78.29% White, 7.25% Asian, 3.78% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.97% from other races, and 4.13% from two or more races. 13.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. There are 44,497 households, out of which 15.8% have children under the age of 18, 27.5% are married couples living together, 7.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 62.3% are non-families. 51.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 10.6% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 1.83 and the average family size is 2.80.", "title": "Santa Monica, California" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There were 6,606 households out of which 34.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.60% were married couples living together, 12.50% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.50% were non-families. 23.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.04.", "title": "Appling County, Georgia" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "There were 15,504 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.9% were married couples living together, 22.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.34.", "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey" } ]	In the town or city that WMID serves, what percentage of households were made up of individuals?	37.5%	[]	Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: There were 15,504 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.9% were married couples living together, 22.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.34. Title: Philadelphia Passage: In 2010, 24.9 percent of households reported having children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.3 percent were married couples living together and 22.5 percent had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0 percent had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.2 percent were non-families. The city reported 34.1 percent of all households were made up of individuals while 10.5 percent had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.20. In 2013, the percentage of women who gave birth in the previous 12 months who were unmarried was 56 percent. Of Philadelphia's adults, 31 percent were married or lived as a couple, 55 percent were not married, 11 percent were divorced or separated, and 3 percent were widowed. Title: Williamson County, Texas Passage: Of the 111,514 households, 39.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.9% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were not families. Around 21.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.20. Title: WMID Passage: WMID is a radio station in Atlantic City, New Jersey which plays "the classic oldies". Its parent company is Equity Communications (the station was at one time owned by entertainer Merv Griffin). WMID also carries the Philadelphia Phillies. Its studios are located on East Black Horse Pike in the West Atlantic City section of Egg Harbor Township, and its transmitter is located on Murray Avenue in Atlantic City. Title: Khopawa Passage: Khopawa is a town and Village Development Committee in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,162 persons living in 587 individual households. Title: Amlekhganj Passage: Amlekhganj ("also" Amlekhgunj) (Nepali:अमलेखगंज) is a town and Village Development Committee (now Sub Metropolitan City) in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 6,709 people living in 1370 individual households. There were 3,413 males and 3,296 females at the time of census. At one time it was famed as the starting point of the Nepal Government Railway (NGR) which connected it with Raxaul in India.	[ "WMID", "Atlantic City, New Jersey" ]
2hop__693817_61424	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The nuclear arms race was a competition for supremacy in nuclear warfare between the United States, the Soviet Union, and their respective allies during the Cold War. During this period, in addition to the American and Soviet nuclear stockpiles, other countries developed nuclear weapons, though none engaged in warhead production on nearly the same scale as the two superpowers.", "title": "Nuclear arms race" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Phander Lake is situated in the Phander Village, in Koh-i-Ghizer, Ghizer District, the westernmost part of the Gilgit–Baltistan region and northernmost territory of Pakistan. This lake is an important source of fresh water.", "title": "Phander Lake" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Then the U.S. government gradually began supporting the French in their war effort, primarily through the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, as a means of stabilizing the French Fourth Republic in which the French Communist Party was a significant political force. A dramatic shift occurred in American policy after the victory of Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme.", "title": "First Indochina War" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cold War saw periods of both heightened tension and relative calm. International crises arose, such as the Berlin Blockade (1948–1949), the Korean War (1950–1953), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, the Vietnam War (1959–1975), the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and NATO exercises in November 1983. There were also periods of reduced tension as both sides sought détente. Direct military attacks on adversaries were deterred by the potential for mutual assured destruction using deliverable nuclear weapons. In the Cold War era, the Generation of Love and the rise of computers changed society in very different, complex ways, including higher social and local mobility.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brinkmanship is the ostensible escalation of threats to achieve one's aims. The word was probably coined by Adlai Stevenson in his criticism of the philosophy described as ``going to the brink ''in an interview with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles under the Eisenhower administration, during the Cold War. In an article written in Life Magazine, John Foster Dulles then defined his policy of brinkmanship as`` The ability to get to the verge without getting into the war is the necessary art.'' During the Cold War, this was used as a policy by the United States to coerce the Soviet Union into backing down militarily. Eventually, the threats involved might become so huge as to be unmanageable at which point both sides are likely to back down. This was the case during the Cold War; the escalation of threats of nuclear war, if carried out, are likely to lead to mutually assured destruction.", "title": "Brinkmanship" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alfred Sauvy (31 October 1898 – 30 October 1990) was a demographer, anthropologist and historian of the French economy. Sauvy coined the term Third World (\"Tiers Monde\") in reference to countries that were unaligned with either the Communist Soviet bloc or the Capitalist NATO bloc during the Cold War. In an article published in the French magazine, \"L'Observateur\" on August 14, 1952, Sauvy said:", "title": "Alfred Sauvy" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea, sparking the Korean War, the Cold War's first major conflict, which continued until 1953. At the time, the Soviet Union had boycotted the United Nations (UN), thus forfeiting their veto rights. This allowed the UN to intervene in a civil war when it became apparent that the superior North Korean forces would unify the entire country. The Soviet Union and China backed North Korea, with the later participation of millions of Chinese troops. After an ebb and flow that saw both sides almost pushed to the brink of extinction, and massive losses among Korean civilians in both the north and the south, the war eventually reached a stalemate. The 1953 armistice, never signed by South Korea, split the peninsula along the demilitarized zone near the original demarcation line. No peace treaty was ever signed, resulting in the two countries remaining technically at war. Over 1.2 million people died during the Korean War.", "title": "South Korea" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cambodian Civil War Part of the Vietnam War, the Indochina Wars, and the Cold War US tanks entering a town in Cambodia in 1970. Date 17 January 1968 -- 17 April 1975 (5 years and 3 months) Location Cambodia Result Khmer Rouge victory Fall of the Kingdom of Cambodia Creation, then collapse, of the Khmer Republic Establishment of Democratic Kampuchea Beginning of the Cambodian genocide Belligerents Kingdom of Cambodia (1967 -- 1970) Khmer Republic (1970 -- 1975) United States South Vietnam Other Support Australia Canada France India Thailand Japan Malaysia Singapore Royal United National Government of Kampuchea ∟ National United Front of Kampuchea ∟ Khmer Rouge ∟ Khmer Rumdo North Vietnam Việt Cộng Other Support China Czechoslovakia Soviet Union Commanders and leaders Lon Nol Sisowath Sirik Matak Long Boret Richard Nixon Pol Pot Khieu Samphan Ieng Sary Nuon Chea Son Sen Norodom Sihanouk Strength 30,000 (1968) 35,000 (1970) 100,000 (1972) 200,000 (1973) 50,000 (1974) 4,000 (1970) 70,000 (1972) 40,000 -- 60,000 (1975) Casualties and losses 275,000 -- 310,000 killed", "title": "Cambodian Civil War" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Les Aventuriers de Koh-Lanta was the first season of the French version of Survivor, Koh-lanta. This season took place in Thailand on the island of Koh Rok, and was broadcast on TF1 from August 4, 2001 to September 22, 2001 airing on Saturdays and Sundays at 6:55 p.m.", "title": "Koh-Lanta (season 1)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.", "title": "Tug of war at the Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the country's integral participation in NATO during the Cold War, First Gulf War, Kosovo War, and in United Nations Peacekeeping operations, such as the Suez Crisis, Golan Heights, Cyprus, Croatia, Bosnia, Afghanistan, and Libya. Canada maintained an aircraft carrier from 1957 to 1970 during the Cold War, which never saw combat but participated in patrols during the Cuban Missile Crisis.", "title": "Canadian Armed Forces" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Soviet -- Afghan War lasted over nine years, from December 1979 to February 1989. Insurgent groups known as the mujahideen fought against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan government, mostly in the country's rural countryside. The mujahideen groups were backed by the United States and Pakistan, making it a Cold War proxy war. Between 562,000 and 2,000,000 civilians were killed and millions of Afghans fled the country as refugees, mostly to Pakistan and Iran.", "title": "Soviet–Afghan War" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cold Harbor is an unincorporated community in Hanover County, Virginia. The Battle of Cold Harbor was fought in the area in 1864, during the American Civil War.", "title": "Cold Harbor, Virginia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 28th Rifle Division was a rifle division in the Soviet Red Army during the Russian Civil War, World War II and the Cold War.", "title": "28th Rifle Division" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pusht-e-Koh (Persian: پشت کوه) is a district in Farah Province, Afghanistan. Its population, which is 70% Pashtun and 30% Tajik, was estimated at 35,000 in January 2005.", "title": "Pusht-e-Koh District" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brigadier General Richard W. Fellows (1914–1998) was a United States Air Force officer who served during World War II and the Cold War.", "title": "Richard W. Fellows" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since its founding in 1949, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has had a diplomatic tug - of - war with its rival in Taiwan, the Republic of China (ROC). Throughout the Cold War, both governments claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all China and allowed countries to recognize either one or the other. Until the 1970s, most Western countries recognized the ROC while the communist bloc and third world countries generally recognized the PRC. This gradually shifted and today only 19 UN member states recognize the ROC while the PRC is recognized by the United Nations and the majority (175) of sovereign states around the world and Palestine. Both the ROC and the PRC maintain the requirement of recognizing its view of the One - China policy to establish or maintain diplomatic relations.", "title": "Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls (CoCom) was established by Western bloc powers in the first five years after the end of World War II, during the Cold War, to put an arms embargo on Comecon countries. CoCom ceased to function on March 31, 1994, and the then-current control list of embargoed goods was retained by the member nations until the successor, the Wassenaar Arrangement, was established.", "title": "Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922 -- 1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992. Full diplomatic relations between the two countries were established late due to mutual hostility. During World War II, the two countries were briefly allies. At the end of the war, the first signs of post-war mistrust and hostility began to appear between the two countries, escalating into the Cold War; a period of tense hostile relations, with periods of détente.", "title": "Soviet Union–United States relations" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Koh Russei,Koh Russey or \"Bamboo Island\" (Khmer: កោះឬស្សី) is one of a group of small islands in the Gulf of Thailand, located about off the coast of Sihanoukville city in southern Cambodia. It is administered by Prey Nob District in Sihanoukville Province.", "title": "Koh Russei" } ]	What happened in the country Koh Russei is located in during the Cold War?	Cambodian Civil War	[]	Title: 28th Rifle Division Passage: The 28th Rifle Division was a rifle division in the Soviet Red Army during the Russian Civil War, World War II and the Cold War. Title: Brinkmanship Passage: Brinkmanship is the ostensible escalation of threats to achieve one's aims. The word was probably coined by Adlai Stevenson in his criticism of the philosophy described as ``going to the brink ''in an interview with Secretary of State John Foster Dulles under the Eisenhower administration, during the Cold War. In an article written in Life Magazine, John Foster Dulles then defined his policy of brinkmanship as`` The ability to get to the verge without getting into the war is the necessary art.'' During the Cold War, this was used as a policy by the United States to coerce the Soviet Union into backing down militarily. Eventually, the threats involved might become so huge as to be unmanageable at which point both sides are likely to back down. This was the case during the Cold War; the escalation of threats of nuclear war, if carried out, are likely to lead to mutually assured destruction. Title: Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China Passage: Since its founding in 1949, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has had a diplomatic tug - of - war with its rival in Taiwan, the Republic of China (ROC). Throughout the Cold War, both governments claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all China and allowed countries to recognize either one or the other. Until the 1970s, most Western countries recognized the ROC while the communist bloc and third world countries generally recognized the PRC. This gradually shifted and today only 19 UN member states recognize the ROC while the PRC is recognized by the United Nations and the majority (175) of sovereign states around the world and Palestine. Both the ROC and the PRC maintain the requirement of recognizing its view of the One - China policy to establish or maintain diplomatic relations. Title: Koh Russei Passage: Koh Russei,Koh Russey or "Bamboo Island" (Khmer: កោះឬស្សី) is one of a group of small islands in the Gulf of Thailand, located about off the coast of Sihanoukville city in southern Cambodia. It is administered by Prey Nob District in Sihanoukville Province. Title: Pusht-e-Koh District Passage: Pusht-e-Koh (Persian: پشت کوه) is a district in Farah Province, Afghanistan. Its population, which is 70% Pashtun and 30% Tajik, was estimated at 35,000 in January 2005. Title: Cambodian Civil War Passage: Cambodian Civil War Part of the Vietnam War, the Indochina Wars, and the Cold War US tanks entering a town in Cambodia in 1970. Date 17 January 1968 -- 17 April 1975 (5 years and 3 months) Location Cambodia Result Khmer Rouge victory Fall of the Kingdom of Cambodia Creation, then collapse, of the Khmer Republic Establishment of Democratic Kampuchea Beginning of the Cambodian genocide Belligerents Kingdom of Cambodia (1967 -- 1970) Khmer Republic (1970 -- 1975) United States South Vietnam Other Support Australia Canada France India Thailand Japan Malaysia Singapore Royal United National Government of Kampuchea ∟ National United Front of Kampuchea ∟ Khmer Rouge ∟ Khmer Rumdo North Vietnam Việt Cộng Other Support China Czechoslovakia Soviet Union Commanders and leaders Lon Nol Sisowath Sirik Matak Long Boret Richard Nixon Pol Pot Khieu Samphan Ieng Sary Nuon Chea Son Sen Norodom Sihanouk Strength 30,000 (1968) 35,000 (1970) 100,000 (1972) 200,000 (1973) 50,000 (1974) 4,000 (1970) 70,000 (1972) 40,000 -- 60,000 (1975) Casualties and losses 275,000 -- 310,000 killed	[ "Cambodian Civil War", "Koh Russei" ]
3hop1__159886_1286_19154	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bond travels to Austria to find White, who is dying of thallium poisoning. He admits to growing disenchanted with Quantum and tells Bond to find and protect his daughter, Dr. Madeline Swann, who will take him to L'Américain; this will in turn lead him to Spectre. White then commits suicide. Bond locates Swann at the Hoffler Klinik, but she is abducted by Hinx. Bond rescues her and the two meet Q, who discovers that Sciarra's ring links Oberhauser to Bond's previous missions, identifying Le Chiffre, Dominic Greene and Raoul Silva as Spectre agents. Swann reveals that L'Américain is a hotel in Tangier.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In November 2013 MGM and the McClory estate formally settled the issue with Danjaq, LLC—sister company of Eon Productions—with MGM acquiring the full copyright film rights to the concept of Spectre and all of the characters associated with it. With the acquisition of the film rights and the organisation's re-introduction to the series' continuity, the SPECTRE acronym was discarded and the organisation reimagined as \"Spectre\".", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After wrapping up in England, production travelled to Morocco in June, with filming taking place in Oujda, Tangier and Erfoud, after preliminary work was completed by the production's second unit. An explosion filmed in Morocco holds a Guinness World Record for the \"Largest film stunt explosion\" in cinematic history, with the record credited to production designer Chris Corbould. Principal photography concluded on 5 July 2015. A wrap-up party for Spectre was held in commemoration before entering post-production. Filming took 128 days.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1961 producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman joined forces to purchase the filming rights to Fleming's novels. They founded the production company Eon Productions and, with financial backing by United Artists, began working on Dr. No, which was directed by Terence Young and featured Connery as Bond. Following Dr. No's release in 1962, Broccoli and Saltzman created the holding company Danjaq to ensure future productions in the James Bond film series. The series currently encompasses twenty - four films, with the most recent, Spectre, released in October 2015. With a combined gross of nearly $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the Fourth - highest - grossing film series, behind Star Wars, Harry Potter and the Marvel Cinematic Universe films. Accounting for the effects of inflation the Bond films have amassed over $14 billion at current prices. The films have won five Academy Awards: for Sound Effects (now Sound Editing) in Goldfinger (at the 37th Awards), to John Stears for Visual Effects in Thunderball (at the 38th Awards), to Per Hallberg and Karen Baker Landers for Sound Editing, and to Adele and Paul Epworth for Original Song in Skyfall (at the 85th Awards), and to Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes for Original Song in Spectre (at the 88th Awards). Additionally, several of the songs produced for the films have been nominated for Academy Awards for Original Song, including Paul McCartney's ``Live and Let Die '', Carly Simon's`` Nobody Does It Better'' and Sheena Easton's ``For Your Eyes Only ''. In 1982, Albert R. Broccoli received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award.", "title": "List of James Bond films" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like.", "title": "Southeast Asia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Opening Titles: James Bond Is Back / From Russia with Love / James Bond Theme ''(different arrangement from that heard in the film)`` Tania Meets Klebb'' ``Meeting in St. Sophia ''`` The Golden Horn'' * ``Girl Trouble ''`` Bond Meets Tania'' ``007 ''`` Gypsy Camp'' ``Death of Grant ''`` From Russia with Love'' -- Matt Monro ``Spectre Island ''`` Guitar Lament'' * ``Man Overboard / SMERSH in Action ''`` James Bond with Bongos'' ``Stalking ''`` Leila Dances'' * ``Death of Kerim ''`` 007 Takes the Lektor''", "title": "From Russia with Love (soundtrack)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain.", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The two travel to the hotel and discover White's secret room where they find co-ordinates pointing to Oberhauser's operations base in the desert. They travel by train to the nearest station, but are once again confronted by Hinx; they engage in a fight throughout the train in which Mr Hinx is eventually thrown off the train by Bond with Swann's assistance. After arriving at the station, Bond and Swann are escorted to Oberhauser's base. There, he reveals that Spectre has been staging terrorist attacks around the world, creating a need for the Nine Eyes programme. In return Spectre will be given unlimited access to intelligence gathered by Nine Eyes. Bond is tortured as Oberhauser discusses their shared history: after the younger Bond was orphaned, Oberhauser's father, Hannes, became his temporary guardian. Believing that Bond supplanted his role as son, Oberhauser killed his father and staged his own death, subsequently adopting the name Ernst Stavro Blofeld and going on to form Spectre. Bond and Swann escape, destroying the base in the process, leaving Blofeld to apparently die during the explosion.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite being an original story, Spectre draws on Ian Fleming's source material, most notably in the character of Franz Oberhauser, played by Christoph Waltz. Oberhauser shares his name with Hannes Oberhauser, a background character in the short story \"Octopussy\" from the Octopussy and The Living Daylights collection, and who is named in the film as having been a temporary legal guardian of a young Bond in 1983. Similarly, Charmian Bond is shown to have been his full-time guardian, observing the back story established by Fleming. With the acquisition of the rights to Spectre and its associated characters, screenwriters Neal Purvis and Robert Wade revealed that the film would provide a minor retcon to the continuity of the previous films, with the Quantum organisation alluded to in Casino Royale and introduced in Quantum of Solace reimagined as a division within Spectre rather than an independent organisation.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The unhappy Tambroni experiment tarnished Gronchi’s reputation for good, and until the end of his period of office he remained a lame-duck President. In 1962 he attempted to get a second mandate, with the powerful help of Enrico Mattei, but the attempt failed and Antonio Segni was elected instead. As he ceased to be Head of State, he became a life senator by right, according to the Italian Constitution. He died in Rome on 17 October 1978 at the age of 91.", "title": "Giovanni Gronchi" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spectre had its world premiere in London on 26 October 2015 at the Royal Albert Hall, the same day as its general release in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. Following the announcement of the start of filming, Paramount Pictures brought forward the release of Mission: Impossible – Rogue Nation to avoid competing with Spectre. In March 2015 IMAX corporation announced that Spectre would be screened in its cinemas, following Skyfall's success with the company. In the UK it received a wider release than Skyfall, with a minimum of 647 cinemas including 40 IMAX screens, compared to Skyfall's 587 locations and 21 IMAX screens.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Barsaat (Hindi: बरसात, English: \"Rain\") is a 1949 Bollywood film directed by Raj Kapoor. The film stars the famous duo of Kapoor and Nargis as well as Prem Nath. It was also the introduction of actress Nimmi in her first film role. \"Barsaat\" was one of the first major hit films directed by Kapoor. This success allowed Kapoor to buy RK Studios in 1950.", "title": "Barsaat (1949 film)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Despite the film taking place in upstate New York, according to the film credits, it was filmed mostly in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Locations used include Lake James, Chimney Rock Park and The Biltmore Estate. Some of the waterfalls that were used in the movie include Hooker Falls, Triple Falls, Bridal Veil Falls, and High Falls, all located in the DuPont State Recreational Forest. Another of these falls was Linville Falls, in the mountains of North Carolina. Scenes of Albany were shot in Asheville, NC at The Manor on Charlotte St.", "title": "The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "My Soul to Take (originally called 25 / 8) is a 2010 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Wes Craven. It is his first film since 1994's Wes Craven's New Nightmare that he wrote, produced, and directed. The film stars Max Thieriot as the protagonist Adam ``Bug ''Hellerman, who is one of seven teenagers chosen to die.", "title": "My Soul to Take" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1961 producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman joined forces to purchase the filming rights to Fleming's novels. They founded the production company Eon Productions and, with financial backing by United Artists, began working on Dr. No, which was directed by Terence Young and featured Connery as Bond. Following Dr. No's release in 1962, Broccoli and Saltzman created the holding company Danjaq to ensure future productions in the James Bond film series. The series currently encompasses twenty - four films, with the most recent, Spectre, released in October 2015. With a combined gross of nearly $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the Fourth - highest - grossing film series, behind the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Star Wars, and Wizarding World films. Accounting for the effects of inflation the Bond films have amassed over $14 billion at current prices. The films have won five Academy Awards: for Sound Effects (now Sound Editing) in Goldfinger (at the 37th Awards), to John Stears for Visual Effects in Thunderball (at the 38th Awards), to Per Hallberg and Karen Baker Landers for Sound Editing, and to Adele and Paul Epworth for Original Song in Skyfall (at the 85th Awards), and to Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes for Original Song in Spectre (at the 88th Awards). Additionally, several of the songs produced for the films have been nominated for Academy Awards for Original Song, including Paul McCartney's ``Live and Let Die '', Carly Simon's`` Nobody Does It Better'' and Sheena Easton's ``For Your Eyes Only ''. In 1982, Albert R. Broccoli received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award.", "title": "List of James Bond films" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the December 2014 press conference announcing the start of filming, Aston Martin and Eon unveiled the new DB10 as the official car for the film. The DB10 was designed in collaboration between Aston Martin and the filmmakers, with only 10 being produced especially for Spectre as a celebration of the 50th anniversary of the company's association with the franchise. Only eight of those 10 were used for the film, however; the remaining two were used for promotional work. After modifying the Jaguar C-X75 for the film, Williams F1 carried the 007 logo on their cars at the 2015 Mexican Grand Prix, with the team playing host to the cast and crew ahead of the Mexican premiere of the film.To promote the film, the film's marketers continued the trend established during Skyfall's production of releasing still images of clapperboards and video blogs on Eon's official social media accounts. 17 brands appear in the film through product placement, and many of those, such as Heineken, Bollinger, Omega and Sony—owner of the film's co-distributor Columbia Pictures—did Spectre tie-in advertisements.On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One. In the sketch, they film a behind-the-scenes mockumentary on the filming of Spectre. The first teaser trailer for Spectre was released worldwide in March 2015, followed by the theatrical trailer in July and the final trailer in October.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival (SEFFF) (French: Festival Européen du Film Fantastique de Strasbourg (FEFFS)), is an annual film festival held in Strasbourg, France, that focus on fantasy, science fiction and horror films. The festival takes place annually in September since 2008, it derives from the Spectre Film Festival that was created in 2005 by the organization \"Les Films du Spectre\".", "title": "Strasbourg European Fantastic Film Festival" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SPECTRE (SPecial Executive for Counterintelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion) is a fictional organisation featured in the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, the films based on those novels, and James Bond video games. Led by evil genius and supervillain Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the international organization first formally appeared in the novel \"Thunderball\" (1961) and in the film \"Dr. No\" (1962). SPECTRE is not aligned to any nation or political ideology, enabling the later Bond books and Bond films to be regarded as somewhat apolitical, though the presence of former Gestapo members in the organisation are a clear sign of Fleming's warning of the Nazi fascists surviving after the Second World War first detailed in the novel \"Moonraker\" (1954). SPECTRE began in the novels as a small group of criminals but became a vast international organisation with its own SPECTRE Island training base in the films, to replace the Soviet SMERSH.", "title": "SPECTRE" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 21 February 2016[update] Spectre has grossed $879.3 million worldwide; $138.1 million of the takings have been generated from the UK market and $199.8 million from North America.", "title": "Spectre (2015 film)" } ]	When does the majority of the rain fall in the place where Spectre filming took place after they filmed in the city where Gronchi died?	June to October	[ "June", "Jun" ]	Title: Mexico City Passage: The area receives about 820 millimetres (32.3 in) of annual rainfall, which is concentrated from June through September/October with little or no precipitation the remainder of the year. The area has two main seasons. The rainy season runs from June to October when winds bring in tropical moisture from the sea. The dry season runs from November to May, when the air is relatively drier. This dry season subdivides into a cold period and a warm period. The cold period spans from November to February when polar air masses push down from the north and keep the air fairly dry. The warm period extends from March to May when tropical winds again dominate but do not yet carry enough moisture for rain. Title: Giovanni Gronchi Passage: The unhappy Tambroni experiment tarnished Gronchi’s reputation for good, and until the end of his period of office he remained a lame-duck President. In 1962 he attempted to get a second mandate, with the powerful help of Enrico Mattei, but the attempt failed and Antonio Segni was elected instead. As he ceased to be Head of State, he became a life senator by right, according to the Italian Constitution. He died in Rome on 17 October 1978 at the age of 91. Title: List of James Bond films Passage: In 1961 producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman joined forces to purchase the filming rights to Fleming's novels. They founded the production company Eon Productions and, with financial backing by United Artists, began working on Dr. No, which was directed by Terence Young and featured Connery as Bond. Following Dr. No's release in 1962, Broccoli and Saltzman created the holding company Danjaq to ensure future productions in the James Bond film series. The series currently encompasses twenty - four films, with the most recent, Spectre, released in October 2015. With a combined gross of nearly $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the Fourth - highest - grossing film series, behind the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Star Wars, and Wizarding World films. Accounting for the effects of inflation the Bond films have amassed over $14 billion at current prices. The films have won five Academy Awards: for Sound Effects (now Sound Editing) in Goldfinger (at the 37th Awards), to John Stears for Visual Effects in Thunderball (at the 38th Awards), to Per Hallberg and Karen Baker Landers for Sound Editing, and to Adele and Paul Epworth for Original Song in Skyfall (at the 85th Awards), and to Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes for Original Song in Spectre (at the 88th Awards). Additionally, several of the songs produced for the films have been nominated for Academy Awards for Original Song, including Paul McCartney's ``Live and Let Die '', Carly Simon's`` Nobody Does It Better'' and Sheena Easton's ``For Your Eyes Only ''. In 1982, Albert R. Broccoli received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award. Title: Spectre (2015 film) Passage: With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area. Title: Spectre (2015 film) Passage: As of 21 February 2016[update] Spectre has grossed $879.3 million worldwide; $138.1 million of the takings have been generated from the UK market and $199.8 million from North America. Title: Spectre (2015 film) Passage: Despite being an original story, Spectre draws on Ian Fleming's source material, most notably in the character of Franz Oberhauser, played by Christoph Waltz. Oberhauser shares his name with Hannes Oberhauser, a background character in the short story "Octopussy" from the Octopussy and The Living Daylights collection, and who is named in the film as having been a temporary legal guardian of a young Bond in 1983. Similarly, Charmian Bond is shown to have been his full-time guardian, observing the back story established by Fleming. With the acquisition of the rights to Spectre and its associated characters, screenwriters Neal Purvis and Robert Wade revealed that the film would provide a minor retcon to the continuity of the previous films, with the Quantum organisation alluded to in Casino Royale and introduced in Quantum of Solace reimagined as a division within Spectre rather than an independent organisation.	[ "Spectre (2015 film)", "Mexico City", "Giovanni Gronchi" ]
2hop__212616_52448	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series \"Hannah Montana\", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles.", "title": "Hannah Montana Forever" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert is a 2008 American concert film produced and released by Walt Disney Pictures presented in Disney Digital 3-D. Released in the United States and Canada originally for one week, February 1–7, 2008, with release in other countries later on. The film is directed by Brice Smith and produced by Art Repola.", "title": "Hannah Montana and Miley Cyrus: Best of Both Worlds Concert" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wanna Know You\" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album \"Hannah Montana 3\". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, \"Hannah Montana 3\" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States.", "title": "I Wanna Know You" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old. She auditioned for the role of the title character's best friend, but was called to audition for the lead role instead. Despite being denied the part at first because she was too ``young and small ''for the role, she was selected later as the lead because of her singing and acting abilities. The series premiered in March 2006 to the largest audience for a Disney Channel program, and quickly ranked among the highest - rated series on basic cable. The instant success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a`` teen idol''. She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season. Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year. The record was a commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart in the United States; it went on to sell over three million copies worldwide. With the release of the soundtrack, Cyrus became the first act within The Walt Disney Company to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music. She had a two - year relationship with actor Tyler Posey. Cyrus has stated that she dated singer and actor Nick Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007, claiming they were ``in love ''and began dating soon after they first met. Her relationship with Jonas, as well as her`` spoofing'' fellow Disney alums Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato, attracted considerable media attention. Cyrus came out as pansexual to her mother when she was 14, and has said: ``I never want to label myself! I am ready to love anyone that loves me for who I am! I am open. ''", "title": "Miley Cyrus" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Supergirl\" is a pop song by American recording artist and actress Miley Cyrus, performing as Hannah Montana – the alter ego of Miley Stewart – a character she played on the Disney Channel television series \"Hannah Montana\". The song was written by Kara DioGuardi, in collaboration with Daniel James, and produced by Dreamlab. \"Supergirl\" was released on August 28, 2009, by Walt Disney Records as the lead and only single from the series' third soundtrack, \"Hannah Montana 3\". A karaoke version is available in \"Disney's Karaoke Series: Hannah Montana 3\". The song is characterized by dance-pop elements in its musical composition and contains lyrics regarding the lows of pop stardom.", "title": "Supergirl (Hannah Montana song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Supergirl is an American superhero action - adventure television series developed by Ali Adler, Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg (the latter two having previously created Arrow and The Flash) that originally aired on CBS and premiered on October 26, 2015. It is based on the DC Comics character Supergirl, created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino, and stars Melissa Benoist in the title role. Supergirl is a costumed superheroine who is Superman's cousin and one of the last surviving Kryptonians.", "title": "Supergirl (TV series)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Míriam Colón (born Míriam Colón Valle; August 20, 1936 -- March 3, 2017) was a Puerto Rican actress. Colón was the founder and director of the Puerto Rican Traveling Theater in New York City. Beginning her career in the early 1950s, Colón started performing on Broadway; later moving into television. Known for appearances on various television shows from 1960s through the 2010s, Colón was perhaps best known for her role as Mama Montana in the 1983 crime film Scarface. In 2014, Colón received the National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama. Colón died of complications from a pulmonary infection on March 3, 2017 at age 80.", "title": "Míriam Colón" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deborah Ann Ryan (born May 13, 1993) is an American actress and singer. Ryan started acting in professional theatres at the age of seven; in 2007 she appeared in the Barney & Friends straight - to - DVD film Barney: Let's Go to the Firehouse and then was discovered in a nationwide search by Disney. She is also known for appearing in the 2008 feature film The Longshots as Edith. In 2009, she guest starred in an episode of Wizards of Waverly Place in ``Wizards on Deck with Hannah Montana ''as Bailey Pickett along with her other cast mates from The Suite Life on Deck. Then, in 2010, she starred in the film 16 Wishes, which was the most watched cable program on the day of its premiere on the Disney Channel. 16 Wishes introduced Ryan to new audiences; the movie received high viewership in the adults demographic (18 -- 34). Soon after that, Ryan starred in the independent theatrical film, What If..., which premiered on August 20, 2010.", "title": "Debby Ryan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song was later re-recorded in 2009 as a duet with fellow Disney Channel actor Corbin Bleu for the Hannah Montana 3 soundtrack album.", "title": "If We Were a Movie" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Breakout is the second studio album by American recording artist Miley Cyrus, released on July 22, 2008 by Hollywood Records. It is her first record that is not affiliated with the television series \"Hannah Montana\", in which Cyrus portrays the title character Hannah Montana. She co-wrote eight of its thirteen tracks, several of which with the assistance of Antonina Armato and Tim James. The majority of the record was composed as she traveled during her headlining Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08). Overall, \"Breakout\" is dominant on pop rock but explores a variety of other musical genres. Lyrical themes addressed in the album relate to breakups and coming of age. An international version was reissued on September 1, 2008.", "title": "Breakout (Miley Cyrus album)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night, which she keeps secret and only a few people know of her alter ego. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother Jackson, her best friends Lily and Oliver, and her father Robby (Cyrus's real-life country singer father, Billy Ray Cyrus).", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model. She rose to prominence at the age of seven for her performance as Lucy Dawson in the drama film I Am Sam (2001), for which she received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination at age eight, making her the youngest nominee in SAG history. Fanning played major roles in the films Uptown Girls (2003), The Cat in the Hat (2003), Man on Fire (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Dreamer (2005) and Charlotte's Web (2006).", "title": "Dakota Fanning" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Achy Jakey Heart\" is a two-part episode of the television series \"Hannah Montana\". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title \"Achy Jakey Heart\" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song \"Achy Breaky Heart\".", "title": "Achy Jakey Heart" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The theme song for Hannah Montana is \"The Best of Both Worlds\" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series.", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I Want You to Want Me... to Go to Florida ''features the ballad`` Ready, Set, Do n't Go'' by Billy Ray Cyrus. It details his feelings concerning his daughter Miley's move to Los Angeles to star in Hannah Montana, while he stayed behind in Nashville. The episode also features the song ``If Cupid Had a Heart '', by Julie Griffin, and written by Gordon Pogoda. Mikayla (Selena Gomez), lip - syncs it in the episode. A soundtrack for the season featuring 10 songs sung by Miley Cyrus as Hannah Montana was released on June 26, 2007.", "title": "Hannah Montana (season 2)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Dakota Fanning (born February 23, 1994) is an American actress and model. She rose to prominence at age seven for her performance as Lucy Dawson in the drama film I Am Sam (2001), for which she was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award at age eight, making her the youngest nominee in history. Thereafter, Fanning received additional recognition for appearances in the films Uptown Girls (2003), The Cat in the Hat (2003), Man on Fire (2004), War of the Worlds (2005), Dreamer (2005), and Charlotte's Web (2006).", "title": "Dakota Fanning" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night, which she keeps secret and only a few people know of her alter ego. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother Jackson, her best friends Lily and Oliver, and her father Robby (Cyrus's real - life country singer father, Billy Ray Cyrus).", "title": "Hannah Montana" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mitchel Tate Musso (born July 9, 1991) is an American actor, musician, and singer, best known for his three Disney Channel roles as Oliver Oken/Mike Standley III in \"Hannah Montana\"; Jeremy Johnson in the animated series \"Phineas and Ferb\"; and his Disney XD role as King Brady on \"Pair of Kings\". He was the host of Disney Channel's \"PrankStars\".", "title": "Mitchel Musso" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana.", "title": "I'll Always Remember You" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on \"Hannah Montana\". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T.", "title": "Hayley Chase" } ]	How old was the performer of Supergirl when she started Hannah Montana?	eleven years old	[]	Title: Hayley Chase Passage: Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on "Hannah Montana". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T. Title: Míriam Colón Passage: Míriam Colón (born Míriam Colón Valle; August 20, 1936 -- March 3, 2017) was a Puerto Rican actress. Colón was the founder and director of the Puerto Rican Traveling Theater in New York City. Beginning her career in the early 1950s, Colón started performing on Broadway; later moving into television. Known for appearances on various television shows from 1960s through the 2010s, Colón was perhaps best known for her role as Mama Montana in the 1983 crime film Scarface. In 2014, Colón received the National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama. Colón died of complications from a pulmonary infection on March 3, 2017 at age 80. Title: Miley Cyrus Passage: Cyrus auditioned for the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana when she was eleven years old. She auditioned for the role of the title character's best friend, but was called to audition for the lead role instead. Despite being denied the part at first because she was too ``young and small ''for the role, she was selected later as the lead because of her singing and acting abilities. The series premiered in March 2006 to the largest audience for a Disney Channel program, and quickly ranked among the highest - rated series on basic cable. The instant success of the series led to Cyrus being labeled a`` teen idol''. She toured with The Cheetah Girls as Hannah Montana in September 2006, performing songs from the show's first season. Walt Disney Records released a soundtrack credited to Cyrus' character in October of that year. The record was a commercial success, topping the Billboard 200 chart in the United States; it went on to sell over three million copies worldwide. With the release of the soundtrack, Cyrus became the first act within The Walt Disney Company to have deals in television, film, consumer products, and music. She had a two - year relationship with actor Tyler Posey. Cyrus has stated that she dated singer and actor Nick Jonas from June 2006 to December 2007, claiming they were ``in love ''and began dating soon after they first met. Her relationship with Jonas, as well as her`` spoofing'' fellow Disney alums Selena Gomez and Demi Lovato, attracted considerable media attention. Cyrus came out as pansexual to her mother when she was 14, and has said: ``I never want to label myself! I am ready to love anyone that loves me for who I am! I am open. '' Title: Hannah Montana Forever Passage: Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series "Hannah Montana", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles. Title: I'll Always Remember You Passage: ``I'll Always Remember You ''is the ninth episode of the fourth season, and 94th overall episode, of the Disney Channel sitcom series Hannah Montana. It was written by Andrew Green and Maria Brown - Gallenberg. It originally aired on November 7, 2010. The episode title is a reference to the Hannah Montana song`` I'll Always Remember You''. The one - hour episode is notable for being the first time Miley Stewart admits her secret to the world that she is Hannah Montana. Title: Supergirl (Hannah Montana song) Passage: "Supergirl" is a pop song by American recording artist and actress Miley Cyrus, performing as Hannah Montana – the alter ego of Miley Stewart – a character she played on the Disney Channel television series "Hannah Montana". The song was written by Kara DioGuardi, in collaboration with Daniel James, and produced by Dreamlab. "Supergirl" was released on August 28, 2009, by Walt Disney Records as the lead and only single from the series' third soundtrack, "Hannah Montana 3". A karaoke version is available in "Disney's Karaoke Series: Hannah Montana 3". The song is characterized by dance-pop elements in its musical composition and contains lyrics regarding the lows of pop stardom.	[ "Miley Cyrus", "Supergirl (Hannah Montana song)" ]
2hop__118280_598373	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.", "title": "Languages of South America" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Czech (/ tʃ ɛk /; čeština Czech pronunciation: (ˈtʃɛʃcɪna)), historically also Bohemian (/ boʊˈhiːmiən, bə - /; lingua Bohemica in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the Czech -- Slovak group. Spoken by over 10 million people, it serves as the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech is closely related to Slovak, to the point of mutual intelligibility to a very high degree. Like other Slavic languages, Czech is a fusional language with a rich system of morphology and relatively flexible word order. Its vocabulary has been extensively influenced by Latin and German.", "title": "Czech language" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.", "title": "Nicaraguan Sign Language" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long.", "title": "Numero sign" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mahal (Hindi: महल, ) is a 1949 Indian Hindi film directed by Kamal Amrohi and starring Ashok Kumar and Madhubala. It was India's first reincarnation thriller film.", "title": "Mahal (1949 film)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, and is widely spoken by most of population. Brazilian Sign Language is also an official language. Minority languages include indigenous languages and languages of more recent European and Asian immigrants. The population speaks or signs approximately 210 languages, of which 180 are indigenous. Less than forty thousand people actually speak any one of the indigenous languages in the Brazilian territory.", "title": "Languages of Brazil" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Thenum Vayambum is a 1981 Malayalam film directed by Ashok Kumar, starring Nedumudi Venu, Prem Nazir and Sumalatha in the leading roles, along with Mohanlal and Rani Padmini.", "title": "Thenum Vayambum" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Odia is the official language along with English as center state communication. Odia is spoken as a native language by 82.7% of the population according to 2011 census. Other minority languages of the state are Hindi, Telugu, Santali, Kui, Urdu, Bengali and Ho.", "title": "Odisha" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wood Frisian (West Frisian: \"Wâldfrysk\") is a dialect of the West Frisian language spoken in the eastern part of the Dutch province of Friesland, which is called \"Wâlden\" (English: \"woods\"). The dialect is also spoken in parts of Groningen, the province to the east of Friesland.", "title": "Wood Frisian" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.", "title": "Dialect" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gonja language is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba.", "title": "Gonja language" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.", "title": "Languages of Mexico" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "title": "Togo" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic.", "title": "Ancient Egypt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thenum Paalum () is a 1971 Tamil language drama film directed by P. Madhavan. The film features Sivaji Ganesan, Padmini and B. Saroja Devi in lead roles.", "title": "Thenum Paalum" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eritrea is a multilingual country. The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the \"equality of all Eritrean languages\". However, Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity. With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language, particularly in the southern and central parts of Eritrea. Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields. Italian, the former colonial language, is widely used in commerce and is taught as a second language in schools, with a few elderly monolinguals.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to Census of India of 2001, India has 122 major languages and 1599 other languages. However, figures from other sources vary, primarily due to differences in definition of the terms ``language ''and`` dialect''. The 2001 Census recorded 30 languages which were spoken by more than a million native speakers and 122 which were spoken by more than 10,000 people. Two contact languages have played an important role in the history of India: Persian and English. Persian was the court language during the Mughal period in India. It reigned as an administrative language for several centuries until the era of British colonisation. English continues to be an important language in India. It is used in higher education and in some areas of the Indian government. Hindi, the most widely spoken language in a large region of India today, serves as the lingua franca across much of North and Central India. However, there have been anti-Hindi agitations in South India, most notably in the states of Tamil Nadu. There is also opposition in non-Hindi belt states towards imposition of Hindi in these areas.", "title": "Languages of India" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithuanian (Lithuanian: lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region. It is the language of Lithuanians and the official language of Lithuania as well as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.8 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 200 thousand abroad.", "title": "Lithuanian language" } ]	What language is used by the director of Thenum Vayambum?	Hindi	[ "hi" ]	Title: Mahal (1949 film) Passage: Mahal (Hindi: महल, ) is a 1949 Indian Hindi film directed by Kamal Amrohi and starring Ashok Kumar and Madhubala. It was India's first reincarnation thriller film. Title: Languages of Mexico Passage: Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well. Title: Odisha Passage: Odia is the official language along with English as center state communication. Odia is spoken as a native language by 82.7% of the population according to 2011 census. Other minority languages of the state are Hindi, Telugu, Santali, Kui, Urdu, Bengali and Ho. Title: Thenum Vayambum Passage: Thenum Vayambum is a 1981 Malayalam film directed by Ashok Kumar, starring Nedumudi Venu, Prem Nazir and Sumalatha in the leading roles, along with Mohanlal and Rani Padmini. Title: Numero sign Passage: The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long. Title: Languages of South America Passage: Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.	[ "Mahal (1949 film)", "Thenum Vayambum" ]
4hop1__205937_144938_83779_43340	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The FBI director is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with his deputies, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices is manned with qualified agents. Before the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was passed in the wake of the September 11 attacks, the FBI director would directly brief the President of the United States on any issues that arise from within the FBI. Since then, the director now reports to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI), who in turn reports to the President.", "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dangerous Man is the eighth studio album by country music singer Trace Adkins, released on August 15, 2006 on Capitol Records Nashville. The album produced three singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts between 2006 and mid-2007. The first of these, \"Swing\", reached number 20 while the second single, \"Ladies Love Country Boys\", became his second number one hit and his first since \"(This Ain't) No Thinkin' Thing\" in 1997. The third single, \"I Wanna Feel Something\", reached number 25 on the same chart. Overall, \"Dangerous Man\" is certified Gold by the RIAA.", "title": "Dangerous Man" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kurt Hoffmann (12 November 1910 – 25 June 2001) was a German film director, the son of Carl Hoffmann. He directed 48 films between 1938 and 1971.", "title": "Kurt Hoffmann" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010. The bidding process for hosting the tournament finals was open only to African nations. In 2004, the international football federation, FIFA, selected South Africa over Egypt and Morocco to become the first African nation to host the finals.", "title": "2010 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era.", "title": "Race to Berlin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Texas State Capitol Austin 30 ° 16 ′ 29 ''N 97 ° 44 ′ 26'' W / 30.27472 ° N 97.74056 ° W / 30.27472; - 97.74056 (Texas State Capitol) 1881 -- 1888 1993 (underground extension) National Historic Landmark National Register of Historic Places Largest state capitol", "title": "List of state and territorial capitols in the United States" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Director of National Intelligence of the United States of America Seal of the Director of National Intelligence Incumbent Dan Coats since March 16, 2017 United States Intelligence Community Member of Cabinet - level, National Security Council Reports to The President Seat Washington, D.C. Appointer The President with Senate advice and consent Term length Appointed Precursor Director of Central Intelligence (CIA) Formation April 22, 2005; 12 years ago (2005 - 04 - 22) First holder John Negroponte Deputy Principal Deputy Director Susan M. Gordon Website www.dni.gov", "title": "Director of National Intelligence" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The scuttling of the German fleet took place at the Royal Navy's base at Scapa Flow, in Scotland, after the First World War. The High Seas Fleet was interned there under the terms of the Armistice whilst negotiations took place over the fate of the ships. Fearing that all of the ships would be seized and divided amongst the allied powers Admiral Ludwig von Reuter decided to scuttle the fleet.", "title": "Scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The President, Directors and Company, of the Bank of the United States, commonly known as the First Bank of the United States, was a national bank, chartered for a term of twenty years, by the United States Congress on February 25, 1791. It followed the Bank of North America, the nation's first de facto central bank.", "title": "First Bank of the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mudlark is American guitarist Leo Kottke's fourth album, his first on a major label (Capitol) and his first to feature other musicians. It reached #168 on the Billboard Pop Albums charts.", "title": "Mudlark (album)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bank of Hartland, at 112 E. Capitol Dr. in Hartland, Wisconsin, United States, was originally built in 1894. It was remodeled and expanded in 1930 to design by architects Eschweiler & Eschweiler. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.", "title": "Bank of Hartland" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer.", "title": "Mutz Greenbaum" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Texas State Capitol, completed in 1888 in Downtown Austin, contains the offices and chambers of the Texas Legislature and the Office of the Governor. Designed in 1881 by architect Elijah E. Myers, it was constructed from 1882 to 1888 under the direction of civil engineer Reuben Lindsay Walker. A $75 million underground extension was completed in 1993. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1986. The Texas State Capitol is 302.64 feet (92.24 m) tall, making it the sixth tallest state capitol and one of several taller than the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C.", "title": "Texas State Capitol" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression.", "title": "Allies of World War II" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "MW 18014 was a German A-4/V-2 rocket test launch that took place on 20 June 1944, at the Peenemünde Army Research Center in Peenemünde. It was the first man-made object to reach outer space, attaining an apoapsis of 176 kilometers, which is above the Kármán line. It was a vertical test launch. Although it reached space, it was a sub-orbital spaceflight and therefore returned to Earth in an impact.", "title": "MW 18014" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elly Winter (18981987) was a German communist and notable political activist. The eldest daughter of East German president Wilhelm Pieck, Elly Winter was a longtime activist in the anti-fascist movement and was a well-recognized member of the Socialist Unity Party (SED) in East Germany after the Allied triumph over Nazism.", "title": "Elly Winter" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain.", "title": "The Man from Morocco" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Salaita Hill was the first large-scale engagement of the East African Campaign of the First World War to involve British, Indian, Rhodesian and South African troops. The battle took place on February 12, 1916, as part of the three-pronged offensive into German East Africa launched by General Jan Smuts, who had been given overall command of the Allied forces in the region.", "title": "Battle of Salaita Hill" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Leonid Brezhnev (1906 -- 1982) 14 October 1964 ↓ 10 November 1982 † 23rd -- 26th Congress Served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, was later renamed General Secretary, and was co-equal with premier Alexei Kosygin until the 1970s. To consolidate his power he later assumed the title of Chairman of the Presidium.", "title": "List of leaders of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Capitol Reef National Park IUCN category II (national park) Capitol Reef National Park Location Wayne, Garfield, Sevier, and Emery counties, Utah Nearest city Torrey Coordinates 38 ° 12 ′ N 111 ° 10 ′ W / 38.200 ° N 111.167 ° W / 38.200; - 111.167 Coordinates: 38 ° 12 ′ N 111 ° 10 ′ W / 38.200 ° N 111.167 ° W / 38.200; - 111.167 Area 241,904 acres (978.95 km) 670 acres (270 ha) private Established December 18, 1971 Visitors 1,150,165 (in 2017) Governing body National Park Service Website Capitol Reef National Park", "title": "Capitol Reef National Park" } ]	Who was the president in 1971 of the allied nation that first reached the birth place of The Man from Morocco director?	Leonid Brezhnev	[ "Brezhnev" ]	Title: Kurt Hoffmann Passage: Kurt Hoffmann (12 November 1910 – 25 June 2001) was a German film director, the son of Carl Hoffmann. He directed 48 films between 1938 and 1971. Title: 2010 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2010 FIFA World Cup was the 19th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national association football teams. It took place in South Africa from 11 June to 11 July 2010. The bidding process for hosting the tournament finals was open only to African nations. In 2004, the international football federation, FIFA, selected South Africa over Egypt and Morocco to become the first African nation to host the finals. Title: The Man from Morocco Passage: The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. Title: Mutz Greenbaum Passage: Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. Title: List of leaders of the Soviet Union Passage: Leonid Brezhnev (1906 -- 1982) 14 October 1964 ↓ 10 November 1982 † 23rd -- 26th Congress Served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, was later renamed General Secretary, and was co-equal with premier Alexei Kosygin until the 1970s. To consolidate his power he later assumed the title of Chairman of the Presidium. Title: Race to Berlin Passage: The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era.	[ "Race to Berlin", "Mutz Greenbaum", "The Man from Morocco", "List of leaders of the Soviet Union" ]
2hop__497269_62016	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead is a 1991 American coming-of-age black comedy film directed by Stephen Herek and starring Christina Applegate, Joanna Cassidy, Josh Charles and David Duchovny.", "title": "Don't Tell Mom the Babysitter's Dead" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freaky Friday is an American musical television film that premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 10, 2018. Based on the book Freaky Friday by Mary Rodgers and the Disney Theatrical Productions stage adaptation by Bridget Carpenter, the film stars Cozi Zuehlsdorff and Heidi Blickenstaff.", "title": "Freaky Friday (2018 film)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's \"Natural Woman\", and Betty Hutton's \"Stuff Like That There\", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "``Freaky Friday ''Single by Lil Dicky featuring Chris Brown Released March 15, 2018 (2018 - 03 - 15) Format Digital download Genre Hip hop comedy hip hop Length 3: 36 Label Dirty Burd Songwriter (s) David Burd Christopher Brown Magnus August Høiberg Lewis Hughes Wilbart McCoy III Joshua Coleman Dijon McFarlane Benjamin Levin Nicholas Audino Producer (s) Benny Blanco Twice as Nice DJ Mustard Lil Dicky singles chronology`` Sit Down'' (2016) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018) Chris Brown singles chronology`` Stranger Things'' (2018) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018)`` Overdose'' (2018) Music video ``Freaky Friday ''on YouTube", "title": "Freaky Friday (song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bethany Beardslee (born December 25, 1925) is an American soprano particularly noted for her collaborations with major 20th-century composers, such as Igor Stravinsky, Milton Babbitt, Pierre Boulez, George Perle, Sir Peter Maxwell Davies and her performances of great contemporary classical music by Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern. Her legacy amongst midcentury composers was as a \"composer's singer\"—for her commitment to the highest art of new music. Milton Babbitt said of her \"She manages to learn music no one else in the world can. She can work, work, work.\" In a 1961 interview for Newsweek, Beardslee flaunted her unflinching repertoire and disdain for commercialism: \"I don't think in terms of the public... Music is for the musicians. If the public wants to come along and study it, fine. I don't go and try to tell a scientist his business because I don't know anything about it. Music is just the same way. Music is \"not\" entertainment.\"", "title": "Bethany Beardslee" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Don't Call Me Charlie is an American sitcom that aired on NBC during the 1962-1963 TV season on Friday night from 9:30 pm to 10:00 pm est. Created by Don McGuire, the 18-episode series starred Josh Peine, Linda Lawson, John Hubbard, Arte Johnson, Penny Santon, Cully Richards, Louise Glenn, and Alan Napier.", "title": "Don't Call Me Charlie" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Here Comes the Judge\" is a song and single by American soul and comedy singer Pigmeat Markham first released in 1968 on the Chess label.The record entered the UK charts in July 1968, spending eight weeks on the charts and reaching 19 as its highest position. The song originated with his signature comedy routine \"heyeah (here) come da judge\", which made a mockery of formal courtroom etiquette. Due to its rhythmic use of boastful dialogue, it is considered a precursor to hip hop music.", "title": "Here Comes the Judge (Pigmeat Markham song)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Don't Judge Me\" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown on his fifth studio album, \"Fortune\" (2012). It was written by Brown and produced by The Messengers. The song was sent to urban contemporary radio stations in the United States on August 14, 2012 as the fifth and final single from the album. \"Don't Judge Me\" is a midtempo ballad, with lyrics in which Brown asks his lover to forgive him \"for his past indiscretions\" and \"move on with the future.\" The lyrics reportedly referred to Brown's former relationships with aspiring American model and fashion designer Karrueche Tran and Barbadian recording artist Rihanna.", "title": "Don't Judge Me" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film \"Friday the 13th\". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason.", "title": "Ari Lehman" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.", "title": "America's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs is a fiction book by Michael Gerard Bauer, released in 2007. It is the first sequel to Don't Call Me Ishmael. Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs won the \"Book Council of Australia: Junior Judges Award\" in 2007.", "title": "Ishmael and the Return of the Dugongs" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Freaky Gurl\" is a song by rapper Gucci Mane from his albums \"Hard to Kill\" and \"Trap-A-Thon\". The song was produced by Cyber Sapp and sampled elements from a 2002 song called \"Lick\" by Joi and Superfreak by Rick James.", "title": "Freaky Gurl" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote.", "title": "Britain's Got Talent" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"If It Don't Come Easy\" is a song written by Dave Gibson and Craig Karp, and recorded by American country music artist Tanya Tucker. It was released in February 1988 as the third single from the album \"Love Me Like You Used To\". \"If It Don't Come Easy\" was Tanya Tucker's ninth number one on the country chart. The single went to number one for one week and spent fourteen weeks on the country chart.", "title": "If It Don't Come Easy" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"She Can't Say That Anymore\" is a song written by Sonny Throckmorton and recorded by American country music performer John Conlee. It was released in September 1980 as the second single from the album \"Friday Night Blues\". The song reached #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "She Can't Say That Anymore" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freaky Friday Directed by Gary Nelson Produced by Ron Miller Written by Mary Rodgers Starring Barbara Harris Jodie Foster John Astin Music by Johnny Mandel Cinematography Charles F. Wheeler Edited by Cotton Warburton Production company Walt Disney Productions Distributed by Buena Vista Distribution Release date December 17, 1976 (1976 - 12 - 17) (Los Angeles premiere) January 21, 1977 (1977 - 01 - 21) (United States) Running time 95 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $5 million Box office $25.9 million", "title": "Freaky Friday (1976 film)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Here She Comes Now\"/\"Venus in Furs\" is a split single from the American rock bands Nirvana and The Melvins. It was released in 1991 and includes the songs \"Here She Comes Now\" performed by Nirvana, and \"Venus in Furs\" performed by The Melvins. Both songs are cover versions of Velvet Underground songs.", "title": "Here She Comes Now / Venus in Furs" } ]	When did the performer of Don't Judge Me release freaky friday?	March 15, 2018	[]	Title: Freaky Gurl Passage: "Freaky Gurl" is a song by rapper Gucci Mane from his albums "Hard to Kill" and "Trap-A-Thon". The song was produced by Cyber Sapp and sampled elements from a 2002 song called "Lick" by Joi and Superfreak by Rick James. Title: Ari Lehman Passage: Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film "Friday the 13th". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason. Title: American Idol Passage: The final showdown was between Justin Guarini, one of the early favorites, and Kelly Clarkson. Clarkson was not initially thought of as a contender, but impressed the judges with some good performances in the final rounds, such as her performance of Aretha Franklin's "Natural Woman", and Betty Hutton's "Stuff Like That There", and eventually won the crown on September 4, 2002. Title: Britain's Got Talent Passage: Contestants that make it into the semi-finals by making it through the auditions and being chosen by the judges (or, from series 8, received the Golden Buzzer during their audition), perform once more before an audience and the judges, with their performance broadcast on live television. Until the tenth series, live episodes were broadcast from The Fountain Studios in Wembley, the same site used for The X Factor, but following its closure in 2016, the show relocated its live episodes to Elstree Studios in 2017, before moving to Hammersmith Apollo the following year. Like the Audition stage of the contest, each semi-finalist must attempt to impress by primarily conducting a new routine of their act within the same span of time; the judges can still use a buzzer if they are displeased with a performance and can end it early if all the buzzers are used, along with giving a personal opinion about an act when the performance is over. Of the semi-finalists that take part, only two can progress into the final, which is determined by two different types of votes - a public phone vote, and a judges' vote. Title: Freaky Friday (song) Passage: ``Freaky Friday ''Single by Lil Dicky featuring Chris Brown Released March 15, 2018 (2018 - 03 - 15) Format Digital download Genre Hip hop comedy hip hop Length 3: 36 Label Dirty Burd Songwriter (s) David Burd Christopher Brown Magnus August Høiberg Lewis Hughes Wilbart McCoy III Joshua Coleman Dijon McFarlane Benjamin Levin Nicholas Audino Producer (s) Benny Blanco Twice as Nice DJ Mustard Lil Dicky singles chronology`` Sit Down'' (2016) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018) Chris Brown singles chronology`` Stranger Things'' (2018) ``Freaky Friday ''(2018)`` Overdose'' (2018) Music video ``Freaky Friday ''on YouTube Title: Don't Judge Me Passage: "Don't Judge Me" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown on his fifth studio album, "Fortune" (2012). It was written by Brown and produced by The Messengers. The song was sent to urban contemporary radio stations in the United States on August 14, 2012 as the fifth and final single from the album. "Don't Judge Me" is a midtempo ballad, with lyrics in which Brown asks his lover to forgive him "for his past indiscretions" and "move on with the future." The lyrics reportedly referred to Brown's former relationships with aspiring American model and fashion designer Karrueche Tran and Barbadian recording artist Rihanna.	[ "Freaky Friday (song)", "Don't Judge Me" ]
2hop__420361_59201	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Premier League Golden Glove winners Season Player Nationality Club Clean sheets Ref (s) 2004 -- 05 Petr Čech Czech Republic Chelsea 24 2005 -- 06 Pepe Reina Spain Liverpool 20 2006 -- 07 Pepe Reina (2) Spain Liverpool 19 2007 -- 08 Pepe Reina (3) Spain Liverpool 18 2008 -- 09 Edwin van der Sar Netherlands Manchester United 21 2009 -- 10 Petr Čech (2) Czech Republic Chelsea 17 2010 -- 11 Joe Hart England Manchester City 18 2011 -- 12 Joe Hart (2) England Manchester City 17 2012 -- 13 Joe Hart (3) England Manchester City 18 2013 -- 14 Petr Čech (3) Czech Republic Chelsea 16 2013 -- 14 Wojciech Szczęsny Poland Arsenal 16 2014 -- 15 Joe Hart (4) England Manchester City 14 2015 -- 16 Petr Čech (4) Czech Republic Arsenal 16 2016 -- 17 Thibaut Courtois Belgium Chelsea 16 2017 -- 18 David de Gea Spain Manchester United 18", "title": "Premier League Golden Glove" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well.", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "List of Premier League players with 500 or more appearances Rank Player Premier League Club (s) Appearances Barry, Gareth Gareth Barry Aston Villa, Manchester City, Everton, West Bromwich Albion 649 Giggs, Ryan Ryan Giggs Manchester United 632 Lampard, Frank Frank Lampard West Ham United, Chelsea, Manchester City 609 James, David David James Liverpool, Aston Villa, West Ham United, Manchester City, Portsmouth 572 Speed, Gary Gary Speed Leeds United, Everton, Newcastle United, Bolton Wanderers 535 6 Heskey, Emile Emile Heskey Leicester City, Liverpool, Birmingham City, Wigan Athletic, Aston Villa 516 7 Schwarzer, Mark Mark Schwarzer Middlesbrough, Fulham, Chelsea, Leicester City 514 8 Carragher, Jamie Jamie Carragher Liverpool 508 9 Neville, Phil Phil Neville Manchester United, Everton 505 10 Gerrard, Steven Steven Gerrard Liverpool 504 10 Ferdinand, Rio Rio Ferdinand West Ham United, Leeds United, Manchester United, Queens Park Rangers 504 12 Campbell, Sol Sol Campbell Tottenham Hotspur, Arsenal, Portsmouth, Newcastle United 503", "title": "List of Premier League players" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wayne Rooney Rooney with Manchester United in 2016 Full name Wayne Mark Rooney Date of birth (1985 - 10 - 24) 24 October 1985 (age 33) Place of birth Croxteth, Liverpool, England Height 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Playing position Forward Attacking midfielder Club information Current team D.C. United Number 9 Youth career Liverpool Schoolboys Copplehouse Boys 1996 -- 2002 Everton Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2002 -- 2004 Everton 67 (15) 2004 -- 2017 Manchester United 393 (183) 2017 -- 2018 Everton 31 (10) 2018 -- D.C. United 20 (12) National team 2000 -- 2001 England U15 (2) 2001 -- 2002 England U17 12 (7) 2002 -- 2003 England U19 (0) 2003 -- 2016 England 119 (53) * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 12: 22, 30 October 2018 (UTC)", "title": "Wayne Rooney" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The record attendance for an Everton home match is 78,299 against Liverpool on 18 September 1948. Amazingly, there was only 1 injury at this game-Tom Fleetwood was hit on the head by a coin thrown from the crowd whilst he marched around the perimeter with St Edward's Orphanage Band, playing the cornet. Goodison Park, like all major English football grounds since the recommendations of the Taylor Report were implemented, is now an all-seater and only holds just under 40,000, meaning it is unlikely that this attendance record will ever be broken at Goodison. Everton's record transfer paid was to Chelsea for Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku for a sum of £28m. Everton bought the player after he played the previous year with the team on loan.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In association football, teams such as Manchester United, Bayern Munich, Liverpool, Arsenal, Toronto FC, and S.L. Benfica primarily wear red jerseys. Other teams that prominently feature red on their kits include A.C. Milan (nicknamed i rossoneri for their red and black shirts), AFC Ajax, Olympiacos, River Plate, Atlético Madrid, and Flamengo. A red penalty card is issued to a player who commits a serious infraction: the player is immediately disqualified from further play and his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration.", "title": "Red" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton also have links with Chilean team Everton de Viña del Mar who were named after the English club. On 4 August 2010, the two Evertons played each other in a friendly named the Copa Hermandad at Goodison Park to mark the centenary of the Chilean team, an occasion organised by The Ruleteros Society, a society founded to promote connections between the two clubs. Other Evertons exist in Rosario in Colonia Department, Uruguay, La Plata, and Río Cuarto in Argentina, Elk Grove, California in the United States, and in Cork, Ireland.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE (born 18 January 1961) is an English former footballer who played as a forward or midfielder between 1979 and 1999. In 1987, he set a record transfer fee in the English game and represented his country 59 times between 1986 and 1996, once as captain, taking part in two FIFA World Cups (1986 and 1990) and UEFA Euro 1988. At club level, he played for Newcastle United, Liverpool and Everton, having also had spells with Carlisle United, Manchester United, Vancouver Whitecaps, Bolton Wanderers, Manchester City, Fulham, Hartlepool United and the Melbourne Knights. He was briefly appointed as the caretaker manager of Newcastle United in 2010.", "title": "Peter Beardsley" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Year SF Winner Score Loser Venue Chelsea 3 -- 0 Aston Villa Wembley Stadium (New) Portsmouth 2 -- 0 * Tottenham Hotspur Wembley Stadium (New) 2011 Manchester City 1 -- 0 Manchester United Wembley Stadium (New) Stoke City 5 -- 0 Bolton Wanderers Wembley Stadium (New) 2012 Liverpool 2 -- 1 Everton Wembley Stadium (New) Chelsea 5 -- 1 Tottenham Hotspur Wembley Stadium (New) 2013 Wigan Athletic 2 -- 0 Millwall Wembley Stadium (New) Manchester City 2 -- 1 Chelsea Wembley Stadium (New) 2014 Arsenal 1 -- 1 † Wigan Athletic Wembley Stadium (New) Hull City 5 -- 3 Sheffield United Wembley Stadium (New) 2015 Arsenal 2 -- 1 * Reading Wembley Stadium (New) Aston Villa 2 -- 1 Liverpool Wembley Stadium (New) 2016 Manchester United 2 -- 1 Everton Wembley Stadium (New) Crystal Palace 2 -- 1 Watford Wembley Stadium (New) 2017 Chelsea 4 -- 2 Tottenham Hotspur Wembley Stadium (New) Arsenal 2 -- 1 * Manchester City Wembley Stadium (New) 2018 Manchester United 2 -- 1 Tottenham Hotspur Wembley Stadium (New) Chelsea 2 -- 0 Southampton Wembley Stadium (New)", "title": "FA Cup semi-finals" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton were founder members of the Premier League in 1992, but struggled to find the right manager. Howard Kendall had returned in 1990 but could not repeat his previous success, while his successor, Mike Walker, was statistically the least successful Everton manager to date. When former Everton player Joe Royle took over in 1994 the club's form started to improve; his first game in charge was a 2–0 victory over derby rivals Liverpool. Royle dragged Everton clear of relegation, leading the club to the FA Cup for the fifth time in its history, defeating Manchester United 1–0 in the final.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Premier League sends representatives to UEFA's European Club Association, the number of clubs and the clubs themselves chosen according to UEFA coefficients. For the 2012–13 season the Premier League has 10 representatives in the Association: Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Everton, Fulham, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Newcastle United and Tottenham Hotspur. The European Club Association is responsible for electing three members to UEFA's Club Competitions Committee, which is involved in the operations of UEFA competitions such as the Champions League and UEFA Europa League.", "title": "Premier League" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Merseyside derby Merseyside derby, 25 March 2006 Other names The friendly Derby Locale Liverpool Teams Everton Liverpool First meeting 13 October 1894 1894 -- 95 First Division Everton 3 -- 0 Liverpool Latest meeting 1 April 2017 Premier League Liverpool 3 -- 1 Everton Next meeting 9 December 2017 Premier League Liverpool v Everton Stadiums Anfield (Liverpool) Goodison Park (Everton) Statistics Meetings total 228 Most wins Liverpool (91) Most player appearances Neville Southall (41) Top scorer Ian Rush (25) All - time series Everton: 66 Drawn: 71 Liverpool: 91 Largest victory Liverpool 6 -- 0 Everton (1935)", "title": "Merseyside derby" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rooney submitted a transfer request in August 2004, despite Everton having made a new contract offer valued at £50,000 per week. Everton then rejected a bid of £20 million from Newcastle, and ultimately signed for Manchester United at the end of the month after a £25.6 million deal was reached. It was the highest fee ever paid for a player under 20 years old; Rooney was still only 18 when he left Everton. Sir Alex Ferguson, then manager of United, said that ``There were plenty of eyebrows raised ''when he persuaded the club's board of directors to sanction`` a multi-million pound'' move to try to sign Rooney from Everton.", "title": "Wayne Rooney" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in Football League Two and Football League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 Football League Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016 - 17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.", "title": "2017–18 EFL Cup" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach a seventh and an eighth League Championship. As of May 2016, they are one of only six teams, the others being Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Manchester City and Leicester City, to have won the Premier League since its formation in 1992.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season.", "title": "Premier League" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jozy Altidore -- Hull City, Sunderland DaMarcus Beasley -- Manchester City Carlos Bocanegra -- Fulham Geoff Cameron -- Stoke City Jay DeMerit -- Watford Clint Dempsey -- Fulham, Tottenham Hotspur (57) Landon Donovan -- Everton Brad Friedel -- Blackburn Rovers John Harkes -- Sheffield Wednesday Stuart Holden -- Bolton Wanderers Tim Howard -- Everton Cobi Jones -- Coventry City Jovan Kirovski -- Birmingham City Eric Lichaj -- Aston Villa Brian McBride -- Everton, Fulham Joe - Max Moore -- Everton Preki -- Everton Claudio Reyna -- Sunderland, Manchester City Jonathan Spector -- West Ham United Roy Wegerle -- Blackburn Rovers, Coventry City", "title": "List of foreign Premier League goalscorers" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alan Shackleton (3 February 1934 – 26 April 2009) was an English football player. He played for Burnley, Leeds United, Everton and Oldham Athletic. Despite good early scoring form at Leeds and Everton, he left for non-league football in the early 1960s.", "title": "Alan Shackleton" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton have a large fanbase, with the eighth highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008–09 season. The majority of Everton's matchday support comes from the North West of England, primarily Merseyside, Cheshire, West Lancashire and parts of Western Greater Manchester along with many fans who travel from North Wales and Ireland. Within the city of Liverpool support for Everton and city rivals Liverpool is not determined by geographical basis with supporters mixed across the city. However Everton's support heartland is traditionally based in the North West of the city and in the southern parts of Sefton. Everton also have many supporters' clubs worldwide, in places such as North America, Singapore, Indonesia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Thailand, and Australia. The official supporters club is FOREVERTON, and there are also several fanzines including When Skies are Grey and Speke from the Harbour, which are sold around Goodison Park on match days.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Corrigan began his career at Manchester City making his professional debut in 1967. In the 1969–70 season, he established himself as the first choice 'keeper at Maine Road, taking over from the ageing Harry Dowd. He spent 16 seasons at Manchester City, winning the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and League Cup twice, while also earning nine England caps. He left in 1983 to play for the North American Soccer League's Seattle Sounders, then returned to England for spells with Brighton & Hove Albion, Norwich City and Stoke City. A neck injury forced him to retire in 1985.", "title": "Joe Corrigan" } ]	Who is the only player to have played for liverpool, manchester united, everton and the team having Joe Corrigan?	Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE	[ "Peter Beardsley" ]	Title: Peter Beardsley Passage: Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE (born 18 January 1961) is an English former footballer who played as a forward or midfielder between 1979 and 1999. In 1987, he set a record transfer fee in the English game and represented his country 59 times between 1986 and 1996, once as captain, taking part in two FIFA World Cups (1986 and 1990) and UEFA Euro 1988. At club level, he played for Newcastle United, Liverpool and Everton, having also had spells with Carlisle United, Manchester United, Vancouver Whitecaps, Bolton Wanderers, Manchester City, Fulham, Hartlepool United and the Melbourne Knights. He was briefly appointed as the caretaker manager of Newcastle United in 2010. Title: Everton F.C. Passage: Everton have a large fanbase, with the eighth highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008–09 season. The majority of Everton's matchday support comes from the North West of England, primarily Merseyside, Cheshire, West Lancashire and parts of Western Greater Manchester along with many fans who travel from North Wales and Ireland. Within the city of Liverpool support for Everton and city rivals Liverpool is not determined by geographical basis with supporters mixed across the city. However Everton's support heartland is traditionally based in the North West of the city and in the southern parts of Sefton. Everton also have many supporters' clubs worldwide, in places such as North America, Singapore, Indonesia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Thailand, and Australia. The official supporters club is FOREVERTON, and there are also several fanzines including When Skies are Grey and Speke from the Harbour, which are sold around Goodison Park on match days. Title: Red Passage: In association football, teams such as Manchester United, Bayern Munich, Liverpool, Arsenal, Toronto FC, and S.L. Benfica primarily wear red jerseys. Other teams that prominently feature red on their kits include A.C. Milan (nicknamed i rossoneri for their red and black shirts), AFC Ajax, Olympiacos, River Plate, Atlético Madrid, and Flamengo. A red penalty card is issued to a player who commits a serious infraction: the player is immediately disqualified from further play and his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration. Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach a seventh and an eighth League Championship. As of May 2016, they are one of only six teams, the others being Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Manchester City and Leicester City, to have won the Premier League since its formation in 1992. Title: List of foreign Premier League goalscorers Passage: Jozy Altidore -- Hull City, Sunderland DaMarcus Beasley -- Manchester City Carlos Bocanegra -- Fulham Geoff Cameron -- Stoke City Jay DeMerit -- Watford Clint Dempsey -- Fulham, Tottenham Hotspur (57) Landon Donovan -- Everton Brad Friedel -- Blackburn Rovers John Harkes -- Sheffield Wednesday Stuart Holden -- Bolton Wanderers Tim Howard -- Everton Cobi Jones -- Coventry City Jovan Kirovski -- Birmingham City Eric Lichaj -- Aston Villa Brian McBride -- Everton, Fulham Joe - Max Moore -- Everton Preki -- Everton Claudio Reyna -- Sunderland, Manchester City Jonathan Spector -- West Ham United Roy Wegerle -- Blackburn Rovers, Coventry City Title: Joe Corrigan Passage: Corrigan began his career at Manchester City making his professional debut in 1967. In the 1969–70 season, he established himself as the first choice 'keeper at Maine Road, taking over from the ageing Harry Dowd. He spent 16 seasons at Manchester City, winning the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and League Cup twice, while also earning nine England caps. He left in 1983 to play for the North American Soccer League's Seattle Sounders, then returned to England for spells with Brighton & Hove Albion, Norwich City and Stoke City. A neck injury forced him to retire in 1985.	[ "Peter Beardsley", "Joe Corrigan" ]
3hop1__444957_544161_92922	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Organization of American States established the Court in 1979 to enforce and interpret the provisions of the American Convention on Human Rights. Its two main functions are thus adjudicatory and advisory. Under the former, it hears and rules on the specific cases of human rights violations referred to it. Under the latter, it issues opinions on matters of legal interpretation brought to its attention by other OAS bodies or member states.", "title": "Inter-American Court of Human Rights" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries (also called \"state parties\") of Central and North Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia. The European part of Russia is included in Eastern Europe.", "title": "List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Human Rights Act 1998 (c42) is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 9 November 1998, and mostly came into force on 2 October 2000. Its aim was to incorporate into UK law the rights contained in the European Convention on Human Rights. The Act makes a remedy for breach of a Convention right available in UK courts, without the need to go to the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in Strasbourg.", "title": "Human Rights Act 1998" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights. It was not envisaged for European Union measures, that is legislative and administrative actions by European Union institutions, to be subject to human rights. At the time the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950 and the establishment of the European Court of Human Rights. The European Court of Justice recognised fundamental rights as general principle of European Union law as the need to ensure that European Union measures are compatible with the human rights enshrined in member states' constitution became ever more apparent. In 1999 the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights, which could form the constitutional basis for the European Union and as such tailored specifically to apply to the European Union and its institutions. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union draws a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Declaration on Fundamental Rights produced by the European Parliament in 1989 and European Union Treaties.", "title": "European Union law" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The treaty was signed in Adelaide on 25 July 2004 by Foreign Minister of Australia Alexander Downer and Foreign Minister of New Zealand Phil Goff. It formalised the ocean borders that had been de facto recognised by both countries since the early 1980s, when the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was created.", "title": "Australia–New Zealand Maritime Treaty" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Philippines is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) drafted by the United Nations (UN) in the 1948. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted, alongside the Genocide Convention and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, by the United Nations in response to the tragic and horrendous violations of human rights during the Second World War. The United Nations Charter, a treaty, was created in order to define what roles, powers, and duties the United Nations is allowed to practice in dealing with international relations. Article I of the UN Charter states that the UN aims:", "title": "Human rights in the Philippines" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This article is part of a series on the Constitution of the United States of America Preamble and Articles of the Constitution Preamble II III IV V VI VII Amendments to the Constitution Bill of Rights II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII Unratified Amendments Congressional Apportionment Titles of Nobility Corwin Child Labor Equal Rights D.C. Voting Rights History Drafting and ratification timeline Convention Signing Federalism Republicanism Full text of the Constitution and Amendments Preamble and Articles I -- VII Amendments I -- X Amendments XI -- XXVII Unratified Amendments United States portal U.S. Government portal Law portal Wikipedia book", "title": "Constitution of the United States" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "'The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act' or 'Right to Education Act also known as RTE', is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between 6 and 14 in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17", "title": "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kyzyl-Kyshtak is a village in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 10,816 in 2009. It is around 5 km north of the centre of the city of Osh, and just a few km from the Uzbek border.", "title": "Kyzyl-Kyshtak" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Constitutional Convention (also known as the Philadelphia Convention, the Federal Convention, or the Grand Convention at Philadelphia) took place from May 25 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Although the Convention was intended to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset of many of its proponents, chief among them James Madison and Alexander Hamilton, was to create a new government rather than fix the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the creation of the United States Constitution, placing the Convention among the most significant events in the history of the United States.", "title": "Constitutional Convention (United States)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Committee of Public Safety (French: Comité de salut public) -- created in April 1793 by the National Convention and then restructured in July 1793 -- formed the de facto executive government in France during the Reign of Terror (1793 -- 94), a stage of the French Revolution. The Committee of Public Safety succeeded the previous Committee of General Defence (established in January 1793) and assumed its role of protecting the newly established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellion. As a wartime measure, the Committee -- composed at first of nine, and later of twelve, members -- was given broad supervisory powers over military, judicial, and legislative efforts. It was formed as an administrative body to supervise and expedite the work of the executive bodies of the Convention and of the government ministers appointed by the Convention. As the Committee tried to meet the dangers of a coalition of European nations and counter-revolutionary forces within the country, it became more and more powerful.", "title": "Committee of Public Safety" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henry E. Moore, of Concord, New Hampshire, was an American singing school master who is best known for organizing the first of many conventions of singing masters in the country. The first convention began with an ordinary class at the Boston Academy of Music, but became a convention in 1840.", "title": "Henry E. Moore" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Convention on the Rights of the Child Parties to the convention Only signed, but not ratified Non-signatory Signed 20 November 1989 Location New York City Effective 2 September 1990 Condition 20 ratifications Signatories 140 Parties 196 (all eligible states except the United States) Depositary UN Secretary - General Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at Wikisource", "title": "Convention on the Rights of the Child" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17.", "title": "Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The newly founded country of the United States had to create a new government to replace the British Parliament. The U.S. adopted the Articles of Confederation, a declaration that established a national government with a one - house legislature. Its ratification by all thirteen colonies gave the second Congress a new name: the Congress of the Confederation, which met from 1781 to 1789. The Constitutional Convention took place during the summer of 1787, in Philadelphia. Although the Convention was called to revise the Articles of Confederation, the intention from the outset for some including James Madison and Alexander Hamilton was to create a new frame of government rather than amending the existing one. The delegates elected George Washington to preside over the Convention. The result of the Convention was the United States Constitution and the replacement of the Continental Congress with the United States Congress.", "title": "Founding Fathers of the United States" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first legal steps taken to end the occurrence of child labour was enacted more than fifty years ago. In 1966, the nation adopted the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This act legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14. But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments. They all worked towards the goal of ending the most problematic forms of child labour.", "title": "Child labour" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe, the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity.", "title": "European Convention on Human Rights" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Convention follows the civil law tradition, with a preamble, in which the principle that ``all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated ''of Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action is cited, followed by 50 articles. Unlike many UN covenants and conventions, it is not formally divided into parts.", "title": "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, commonly referred to as the Fourth Geneva Convention and abbreviated as GCIV, is one of the four treaties of the Geneva Conventions. It was adopted in August 1949. While the first three conventions dealt with combatants, the Fourth Geneva Convention was the first to deal with humanitarian protections for civilians in a war zone. There are currently 196 countries party to the 1949 Geneva Conventions, including this and the other three treaties.", "title": "Fourth Geneva Convention" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A large number of international institutions have their seats in Switzerland, in part because of its policy of neutrality. Geneva is the birthplace of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the Geneva Conventions and, since 2006, hosts the United Nations Human Rights Council. Even though Switzerland is one of the most recent countries to have joined the United Nations, the Palace of Nations in Geneva is the second biggest centre for the United Nations after New York, and Switzerland was a founding member and home to the League of Nations.", "title": "Switzerland" } ]	When was the convention by the organization which has the country with Kyzyl-Kyshtak as a member on the rights of the child created?	20 November 1989	[]	Title: European Convention on Human Rights Passage: The European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) (formally the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms) is an international treaty to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in Europe. Drafted in 1950 by the then newly formed Council of Europe, the convention entered into force on 3 September 1953. All Council of Europe member states are party to the Convention and new members are expected to ratify the convention at the earliest opportunity. Title: Australia–New Zealand Maritime Treaty Passage: The treaty was signed in Adelaide on 25 July 2004 by Foreign Minister of Australia Alexander Downer and Foreign Minister of New Zealand Phil Goff. It formalised the ocean borders that had been de facto recognised by both countries since the early 1980s, when the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea was created. Title: Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 Passage: The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act or Right to Education Act (RTE) is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted on 4 August 2009, which describes the modalities of the importance of free and compulsory education for children between the age of 6 to 14 years in India under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution. India became one of 135 countries to make education a fundamental right of every child when the act came into force on 1 April 2010. The title of the RTE Act incorporates the words' free and compulsory '.' Free education 'means that no child, other than a child who has been admitted by his or her parents to a school which is not supported by the appropriate Government, shall be liable to pay any kind of fee or charges or expenses which may prevent him or her from pursuing and completing elementary education.' Compulsory education 'casts an obligation on the appropriate Government and local authorities to provide and ensure admission, attendance and completion of elementary education by all children in the 6 - 14 age group. With this, India has moved forward to a rights based framework that casts a legal obligation on the Central and State Governments to implement this fundamental child right as enshrined in the Article 21A of the Constitution, in accordance with the provisions of the RTE Act. 17. Title: List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia Passage: The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 19 World Heritage Sites in six countries (also called "state parties") of Central and North Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Asian part of Russia. The European part of Russia is included in Eastern Europe. Title: Convention on the Rights of the Child Passage: Convention on the Rights of the Child Parties to the convention Only signed, but not ratified Non-signatory Signed 20 November 1989 Location New York City Effective 2 September 1990 Condition 20 ratifications Signatories 140 Parties 196 (all eligible states except the United States) Depositary UN Secretary - General Languages Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish UN Convention on the Rights of the Child at Wikisource Title: Kyzyl-Kyshtak Passage: Kyzyl-Kyshtak is a village in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 10,816 in 2009. It is around 5 km north of the centre of the city of Osh, and just a few km from the Uzbek border.	[ "List of World Heritage Sites in Northern and Central Asia", "Kyzyl-Kyshtak", "Convention on the Rights of the Child" ]
4hop1__314513_106790_158589_67700	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Russia entered the CWC with the largest declared stockpile of chemical weapons. By 2010 the country had destroyed 18,241 tonnes at destruction facilities located in Gorny (Saratov Oblast) and Kambarka (Udmurt Republic), where operations have finished, and Shchuchye (Kurgan Oblast), Maradykovsky (Kirov Oblast), Leonidovka (Penza Oblast) while installations are under construction in Pochep (Bryansk Oblast) and Kizner (Udmurt Republic). By 2016, Russia destroyed around 94% of its chemical weapons, planning to completely destroy its remaining stockpile by the end of 2018. On September 27, 2017 Russia announced the destruction of the last batch of chemical weapons, completing the total destruction of its chemical arsenal, ahead of schedule.On March 4, 2018, Russia was alleged to have conducted a chemical attack in Salisbury, UK that left 5 injured including the alleged target of the attack, Sergei Skripal.", "title": "Chemical weapon" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Best Of is a greatest hits album by the Swedish group The Cardigans, released in Europe in January 2008. It contains twenty-one singles and album tracks. There is also a double-CD version with rare tracks and B-sides. Both versions of the album contain no new songs, though some tracks had previously been released only in the UK or Japan.", "title": "Best Of (The Cardigans album)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Blacklist (season 5) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network NBC Original release September 27, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 27) -- present Season chronology ← Previous Season 4 List of The Blacklist episodes", "title": "The Blacklist (season 5)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rick and Morty (season 3) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 10 Release Original network Adult Swim Original release April 1 (2017 - 04 - 01) -- October 1, 2017 (2017 - 10 - 01) Season chronology ← Previous Season 2 List of Rick and Morty episodes", "title": "Rick and Morty (season 3)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control.", "title": "Foreign direct investment" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Khan Shaykhun chemical attack took place on 4 April 2017 on the town of Khan Shaykhun in the Idlib Governorate of Syria. At the time of the attack, the town was under the control of Tahrir al - Sham, previously known as the al - Nusra Front.", "title": "Khan Shaykhun chemical attack" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Blue Bloods (season 8) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network CBS Original release September 29, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 29) -- present Season chronology ← Previous Season 7 List of Blue Bloods episodes", "title": "Blue Bloods (season 8)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%). Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years.", "title": "Sweden" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Madam Secretary (season 4) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network CBS Original release October 8, 2017 (2017 - 10 - 08) -- May 20, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 20) Season chronology ← Previous Season 3 List of Madam Secretary episodes", "title": "Madam Secretary (season 4)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Supernatural (season 13) DVD cover Country of origin United States No. of episodes 23 Release Original network The CW Original release October 12, 2017 (2017 - 10 - 12) -- May 17, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 17) Season chronology ← Previous Season 12 Next → Season 14 List of Supernatural episodes", "title": "Supernatural (season 13)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"People Are Crazy\" is a song written by Bobby Braddock and Troy Jones and recorded by American country music singer Billy Currington. It was released in March 2009 as the second single from Currington’s 2008 album \"Little Bit of Everything\". The song became Currington's third number one hit on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart. On December 2, 2009, the song was nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song. The song was also nominated for \"Song of the Year\" at the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards.", "title": "People Are Crazy" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian singer Shania Twain. It was released in December 1998 as the sixth country single from her third studio album, Come On Over (1997). It was third to pop and fourth to international markets. The song was written by Robert John`` Mutt'' Lange and Twain, and was originally released to North American country radio stations in late 1998. It became her third biggest single on the Billboard Hot 100 and remains one of Twain's biggest hits worldwide. ``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''was included in both the Come On Over and Up! Tours. The country version was performed on the Come on Over Tour and the dance version on the Up! Tour.`` That Do n't Impress Me Much'' was named Foreign Hit of the Year at the 2000 Danish Grammy Awards.", "title": "That Don't Impress Me Much" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"One's on the Way\" is a song made famous by country music singer Loretta Lynn. Originally released in 1971, the song was the title track to her 1971 album and became one of her best-known hits. It was written by Shel Silverstein.", "title": "One's on the Way" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stapleton served as the frontman of bluegrass group The SteelDrivers from 2008 to 2010. Thereafter, he released his debut studio album Traveller (2015), which reached number one on the US Billboard 200 and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His second studio album From A Room: Volume 1 was released in May 2017, and gave him his second wins for Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year and Grammy Award for Best Country Album. From A Room: Volume 2 was released in December 2017.", "title": "Chris Stapleton" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Goldbergs (season 5) Promotional Poster Country of origin United States Release Original network ABC Original release September 27, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 27) -- present Season chronology ← Previous Season 4 List of The Goldbergs episodes", "title": "The Goldbergs (season 5)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the aftermath of the 2011 Libyan Civil War, militant attacks have increased due to a large influx of weapons and fighters into the region. Neighbouring Mali faced conflict in Azawad that threatened to split the country. Since 2015, Burkina Faso has faced cross-border attacks and sporadic raids in its territory, the result of instability and unrest in neighboring countries. Two major attacks have occurred in the capital Ouagadougou in recent years: In 2016, attacks on a hotel and restaurant killed 30 people, including foreigners; and in 2017, similar attacks killed 19 people, including foreigners. Both of these attacks were carried out by Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb.Burkina Faso also faced an uprising in 2014 leading to the downfall of President Blaise Compaoré later that year. Burkina Faso is a member of the Trans-Saharan Counterterrorism Partnership and its commitment of peacekeeping troops in Mali and Sudan has made it a target for extremists in the region.", "title": "2018 Ouagadougou attacks" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bob's Burgers (season 8) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 21 Release Original network Fox Original release October 1, 2017 (2017 - 10 - 01) -- May 20, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 20) Season chronology ← Previous Season 7 List of Bob's Burgers episodes", "title": "Bob's Burgers (season 8)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson.", "title": "The Cardigans" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Academy Award for Best Actor The 2018 recipient: Gary Oldman Awarded for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role Country United States Presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) First awarded Emil Jannings The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh 1929 (for performance in films released during the 1927 / 1928 film season) Currently held by Gary Oldman Darkest Hour (2017) Website oscars.org", "title": "Academy Award for Best Actor" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman in Love\" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album \"Stranger Things Have Happened\". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart.", "title": "A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song)" } ]	When did the chemical attack of 2017 happen in one of the home countries of foreigners living in the country of the Best Of performer?	4 April	[]	Title: Sweden Passage: Between 1820 and 1930, approximately 1.3 million Swedes, a third of the country's population at the time, emigrated to North America, and most of them to the United States. There are more than 4.4 million Swedish Americans according to a 2006 US Census Bureau estimate. In Canada, the community of Swedish ancestry is 330,000 strong.There are no official statistics on ethnicity, but according to Statistics Sweden, around 3,193,089 (31.5%) inhabitants of Sweden were of a foreign background in 2017, defined as being born abroad or born in Sweden with at least one parent born abroad. The most common countries of origin were Syria (1.70%), Finland (1.49%), Iraq (1.39%), Poland (0.90%), Iran (0.73%) and Somalia (0.66%). Sweden subsequently has one of the oldest populations in the world, with the average age of 41.1 years. Title: Chris Stapleton Passage: Stapleton served as the frontman of bluegrass group The SteelDrivers from 2008 to 2010. Thereafter, he released his debut studio album Traveller (2015), which reached number one on the US Billboard 200 and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His second studio album From A Room: Volume 1 was released in May 2017, and gave him his second wins for Country Music Association Award for Album of the Year and Grammy Award for Best Country Album. From A Room: Volume 2 was released in December 2017. Title: The Cardigans Passage: The Cardigans are a Swedish rock band formed in Jönköping, Sweden, in 1992 by guitarist Peter Svensson, bassist Magnus Sveningsson, drummer Bengt Lagerberg, keyboardist Lars-Olof Johansson and lead singer Nina Persson. The group's line-up has been very stable, the only change being that their post-hiatus shows since 2012 have been with Oskar Humlebo on guitar instead of Svensson. Title: Khan Shaykhun chemical attack Passage: The Khan Shaykhun chemical attack took place on 4 April 2017 on the town of Khan Shaykhun in the Idlib Governorate of Syria. At the time of the attack, the town was under the control of Tahrir al - Sham, previously known as the al - Nusra Front. Title: Best Of (The Cardigans album) Passage: Best Of is a greatest hits album by the Swedish group The Cardigans, released in Europe in January 2008. It contains twenty-one singles and album tracks. There is also a double-CD version with rare tracks and B-sides. Both versions of the album contain no new songs, though some tracks had previously been released only in the UK or Japan. Title: Academy Award for Best Actor Passage: Academy Award for Best Actor The 2018 recipient: Gary Oldman Awarded for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role Country United States Presented by Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) First awarded Emil Jannings The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh 1929 (for performance in films released during the 1927 / 1928 film season) Currently held by Gary Oldman Darkest Hour (2017) Website oscars.org	[ "Best Of (The Cardigans album)", "Khan Shaykhun chemical attack", "Sweden", "The Cardigans" ]
2hop__356961_56335	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the beginning of World War I, East Prussia became a theatre of war when the Russian Empire invaded the country. The Russian Army encountered at first little resistance because the bulk of the German Army had been directed towards the Western Front according to the Schlieffen Plan. Despite early success and the capture of the towns of Rastenburg and Gumbinnen, in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914 and the Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes in 1915, the Russians were decisively defeated and forced to retreat. The Russians were followed by the German Army advancing into Russian territory.", "title": "East Prussia" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front.", "title": "All Quiet on the Western Front" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Herbert Ihlefeld (1 June 1914 – 8 August 1995) was a German \"Luftwaffe\" military aviator during the Spanish Civil War and World War II, a fighter ace listed with 130 enemy aircraft shot down in over 1,000 combat missions. He claimed seven victories in the Spanish Civil War, and during World War II, 67 on the Eastern Front and 56 on the Western Front, including 15 four-engined bombers and 26 Supermarine Spitfires. He survived being shot down eight times during his 1,000 combat missions.", "title": "Herbert Ihlefeld" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg Offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian Offensive during World War II. In four days of violent urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg – now Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late January 1945 when the Soviets initially surrounded the city. There was heavy fighting for the overland connection between Königsberg and the port of Pillau, but by March 1945 Königsberg was hundreds of kilometres behind the main front line. The battle finished when the German garrison surrendered to the Soviets on 9 April after a three-day assault made their position untenable.", "title": "Battle of Königsberg" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During World War I, the German Empire was one of the Central Powers that lost the war. It began participation in the conflict after the declaration of war against Serbia by its ally, Austria - Hungary. German forces fought the Allies on both the eastern and western fronts, although German territory itself remained relatively safe from widespread invasion for most of the war, except for a brief period in 1914 when East Prussia was invaded. A tight blockade imposed by the Royal Navy caused severe food shortages in the cities, especially in the winter of 1916 -- 17, known as the Turnip Winter. At the end of the war, Germany's defeat and widespread popular discontent triggered the German Revolution of 1918 -- 19 which overthrew the monarchy and established the Weimar Republic.", "title": "History of Germany during World War I" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"Hundred Days Offensive\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply.", "title": "Hundred Days Offensive" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914).", "title": "Schlieffen Plan" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karl Sutter (10 May 1914 – 14 September 2003) was a German track and field athlete who competed in the pole vault.", "title": "Karl Sutter" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519)", "title": "Romania in World War II" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Otto Sackur (28 September 1880 in Breslau, Germany – 17 December 1914 in Berlin, Germany) was a German physical chemist.", "title": "Otto Sackur" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Elwyn Roy King, DSO, DFC (13 May 1894 – 28 November 1941) was a fighter ace in the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) during World War I. He achieved twenty-six victories in aerial combat, making him the fourth highest-scoring Australian pilot of the war, and second only to Harry Cobby in the AFC. A civil pilot and engineer between the wars, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) from 1939 until his death.", "title": "Elwyn Roy King" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry.", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war.", "title": "59th (2nd North Midland) Division" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Theodor Weissenberger (21 December 1914 – 11 June 1950) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II and a fighter ace credited with 208 enemy aircraft shot down in 375 combat missions. The majority of his victories were claimed near the Arctic Ocean in the northern sector of the Eastern Front, but he also claimed 33 victories over the Western Front. He claimed eight of these victories over the Western Allies while flying the Messerschmitt Me 262 jet fighter.", "title": "Theodor Weissenberger" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Support for the conflict had never been strong in Britain, where many sympathized with the Americans, but now it reached a new low. King George III personally wanted to fight on, but his supporters lost control of Parliament and no further major land offensives were launched in the American Theater.", "title": "American Revolution" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Result Allied victory Western Allied offensive plans delayed by five or six weeks Disastrous offensive in the Ardennes exhausted the resources of Germany on the Western Front. The German collapse opened the way for the Allies to ultimately break the Siegfried Line Soviet offensive in Poland launched on 12 January 1945, eight days earlier than originally intended.", "title": "Battle of the Bulge" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "By summer 1918, a million American soldiers, or \"doughboys\" as they were often called, of the American Expeditionary Forces were in Europe under the command of John J. Pershing, with 25,000 more arriving every week. The failure of Germany's spring offensive exhausted its reserves and they were unable to launch new offensives. The German Navy and home front then revolted and a new German government signed a conditional surrender, the Armistice, ending the war against the western front on November 11, 1918.", "title": "Military history of the United States" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States joined World War I in April 1917 on the side of the Triple Entente (British Empire, France, and Russia). Because of the necessary period of training before the units were moved overseas, the first elements of the American Expeditionary Forces arrived in June 1917. Their first actions of the Western Front came in October 1917. U.S. troops contributed to the offensive that finally broke through the German lines. With the armistice on 11 November 1918, the Army once again decreased its forces.", "title": "History of the United States Army" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Transylvania was the first major operation of the Romanian forces Campaign during World War I, beginning on 27 August 1916. It started as an attempt by the Romanian Army to seize the disputed province of Transylvania, and potentially knock Austria-Hungary out of the war. Although initially successful, the offensive was brought to a halt after Bulgaria's attack on Dobruja. Coupled with a successful German and Austro-Hungarian counterattack which started in mid-September, the Romanian Army was eventually forced to retreat back to the Carpathians by mid-October. The Romanian armies however managed to escape the Central Powers' attempts to completely destroy them. The Battle of Transylvania also caused the replacement of the Chief of Staff of the German Army and the shifting of German attention to the region, causing German offensive operations at Verdun to cease.", "title": "Battle of Transylvania" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War. Following the outbreak of war in August 1914, the German Army opened the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium, then gaining military control of important industrial regions in France. The tide of the advance was dramatically turned with the Battle of the Marne. Following the Race to the Sea, both sides dug in along a meandering line of fortified trenches, stretching from the North Sea to the Swiss frontier with France, which changed little except during early 1917 and in 1918.", "title": "Western Front (World War I)" } ]	In September 1914, during the conflict in which Elwyn Roy King served, where was the initial German offensive on the Western Front stopped?	First Battle of the Marne	[ "Battle of the Marne" ]	Title: American Revolution Passage: Support for the conflict had never been strong in Britain, where many sympathized with the Americans, but now it reached a new low. King George III personally wanted to fight on, but his supporters lost control of Parliament and no further major land offensives were launched in the American Theater. Title: 59th (2nd North Midland) Division Passage: The 59th (2nd North Midland) Division was an infantry division of the British Army during World War I. It was formed in late 1914/early 1915 as a 2nd Line Territorial Force formation raised as a duplicate of the 46th (North Midland) Division. After training in the United Kingdom and saw service in the Easter Rising in April 1916, the division joined the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) on the Western Front in early 1917. It saw action at Ypres and Cambrai, and was almost destroyed during the German Army's Spring Offensive in March 1918. The reconstituted division took part in the final advances of the war. Title: Schlieffen Plan Passage: The Schlieffen Plan (German: Schlieffen - Plan, pronounced (ʃliːfən plaːn)) was the name given after World War I to the thinking behind the German invasion of France and Belgium on 4 August 1914. Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen, the Chief of the Imperial Army German General Staff from 1891 to 1906, devised a deployment plan for a war - winning offensive, in a one - front war against the French Third Republic from 1905 -- 06. After the war, the German official historians of the Reichsarchiv and other writers, described the plan as a blueprint for victory. German historians claimed that the plan had been ruined by Generaloberst (Colonel - General) Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, the Commander - in - Chief of the German army after Schlieffen retired in 1906, who was dismissed after the First Battle of the Marne (5 -- 12 September 1914). Title: All Quiet on the Western Front Passage: All Quiet on the Western Front (German: Im Westen nichts Neues, lit. 'In the West Nothing New') is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the German soldiers' extreme physical and mental stress during the war, and the detachment from civilian life felt by many of these soldiers upon returning home from the front. Title: Elwyn Roy King Passage: Elwyn Roy King, DSO, DFC (13 May 1894 – 28 November 1941) was a fighter ace in the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) during World War I. He achieved twenty-six victories in aerial combat, making him the fourth highest-scoring Australian pilot of the war, and second only to Harry Cobby in the AFC. A civil pilot and engineer between the wars, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) from 1939 until his death. Title: Western Front (World War I) Passage: The German Army came within 70 km (43 mi) of Paris but at the First Battle of the Marne (6 -- 12 September), French and British troops were able to force a German retreat by exploiting a gap which appeared between the 1st and 2nd Armies, ending the German advance into France. The German Army retreated north of the Aisne River and dug in there, establishing the beginnings of a static western front that was to last for the next three years. Following this German retirement, the opposing forces made reciprocal outflanking manoeuvres, known as the Race for the Sea and quickly extended their trench systems from the Swiss frontier to the North Sea. The territory occupied by Germany held 64 percent of French pig - iron production, 24 percent of its steel manufacturing and 40 percent of the coal industry -- dealing a serious blow to French industry.	[ "Elwyn Roy King", "Western Front (World War I)" ]
2hop__136052_749201	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Spanish is the majority language of South America, by a small margin. Portuguese, with slightly fewer speakers than Spanish, is the second most spoken language on the continent.", "title": "Languages of South America" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Baltic Sea was known in ancient Latin language sources as Mare Suebicum or Mare Germanicum. Older native names in languages that used to be spoken on the shores of the sea or near it usually indicate the geographical location of the sea (in Germanic languages), or its size in relation to smaller gulfs (in Old Latvian), or tribes associated with it (in Old Russian the sea was known as the Varanghian Sea). In modern languages it is known by the equivalents of ``East Sea '',`` West Sea'', or ``Baltic Sea ''in different languages:", "title": "Baltic Sea" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.", "title": "Nicaraguan Sign Language" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic.", "title": "Ancient Egypt" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.", "title": "Languages of Mexico" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most widely spoken family of languages in southern Europe are the Romance languages, the heirs of Latin, which have spread from the Italian peninsula, and are emblematic of Southwestern Europe. (See the Latin Arch.) By far the most common romance languages in Southern Europe are: Italian, which is spoken by over 50 million people in Italy, San Marino, and the Vatican; and Spanish, which is spoken by over 40 million people in Spain and Gibraltar. Other common romance languages include: Romanian, which is spoken in Romania and Moldova; Portuguese, which is spoken in Portugal; Catalan, which is spoken in eastern Spain; and Galician, which is spoken in northwestern Spain.", "title": "Southern Europe" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, and is widely spoken by most of population. Brazilian Sign Language is also an official language. Minority languages include indigenous languages and languages of more recent European and Asian immigrants. The population speaks or signs approximately 210 languages, of which 180 are indigenous. Less than forty thousand people actually speak any one of the indigenous languages in the Brazilian territory.", "title": "Languages of Brazil" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Gonja language is a North Guang language spoken by an estimated 230,000 people, almost all of whom are of the Gonja ethnic group of northern Ghana. Related to Guang languages in the south of Ghana, it is spoken by about a third of the population in the northern region. The Brong-Ahafo and Volta regions lie to the south of the Gonja-speaking area, while Dagombas, Mamprussis and Walas are to the north. Its dialects are Gonja and Choruba.", "title": "Gonja language" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Each country's delegation is led by a sign with the name of their country and by their nation's flag. Traditionally, Greece always enters first and leads the parade because of its historical status as the progenitor of the Olympics, and the host nation enters last. All other participating teams enter after Greece and before the host nation, in order according to a language selected by the organizing committee for those games, which is usually the dominant language in the area of the host city. Announcers announce each country's name in English, French and the dominant language of the area of the host city, if neither English nor French is the dominant language.", "title": "Olympic Games ceremony" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are perhaps three hundred sign languages in use around the world today. The number is not known with any confidence; new sign languages emerge frequently through creolization and de novo (and occasionally through language planning). In some countries, such as Sri Lanka and Tanzania, each school for the deaf may have a separate language, known only to its students and sometimes denied by the school; on the other hand, countries may share sign languages, though sometimes under different names (Croatian and Serbian, Indian and Pakistani). Deaf sign languages also arise outside educational institutions, especially in village communities with high levels of congenital deafness, but there are significant sign languages developed for the hearing as well, such as the speech - taboo languages used in aboriginal Australia. Scholars are doing field surveys to identify the world's sign languages.", "title": "List of sign languages" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ottoman Turkish was the official language of the Empire. It was an Oghuz Turkic language highly influenced by Persian and Arabic. The Ottomans had several influential languages: Turkish, spoken by the majority of the people in Anatolia and by the majority of Muslims of the Balkans except in Albania and Bosnia; Persian, only spoken by the educated; Arabic, spoken mainly in Arabia, North Africa, Iraq, Kuwait, the Levant and parts of the Horn of Africa; and Somali throughout the Horn of Africa. In the last two centuries, usage of these became limited, though, and specific: Persian served mainly as a literary language for the educated, while Arabic was used for religious rites.", "title": "Ottoman Empire" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.", "title": "Dialect" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sierra Leone is a multilingual country. English is the de facto official language, and Krio is the most widely spoken and is spoken in different countries.", "title": "Languages of Sierra Leone" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sir Antonio Genesio Maria Panizzi (16 September 1797 – 8 April 1879), better known as Anthony Panizzi, was a naturalised British librarian of Italian birth and an Italian patriot. He was the Principal Librarian (i.e. head) of the British Museum from 1856 to 1866.", "title": "Anthony Panizzi" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Panizzi Lectures are a series of annual lectures given at the British Library by \"eminent scholars of the book\" and named after the librarian Anthony Panizzi. They are considered one of the major British bibliographical lecture series alongside the Sandars Lectures at the University of Cambridge and the Lyell Lectures at Oxford University.", "title": "Panizzi Lectures" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Togo is a multilingual country. According to Ethnologue, 39 distinct languages are spoken in the country, many of them by communities that number fewer than 100,000 members. Of the 39 languages, the sole official language is French. Two spoken indigenous languages were designated politically as national languages in 1975: Ewé (Ewe: Èʋegbe; French: Evé) and Kabiyé; they are also the two most widely spoken indigenous languages.", "title": "Togo" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long.", "title": "Numero sign" } ]	What language is used by the person after whom the Panizzi lectures are named?	Italian	[ "en", "English", "eng", "it" ]	Title: List of sign languages Passage: There are perhaps three hundred sign languages in use around the world today. The number is not known with any confidence; new sign languages emerge frequently through creolization and de novo (and occasionally through language planning). In some countries, such as Sri Lanka and Tanzania, each school for the deaf may have a separate language, known only to its students and sometimes denied by the school; on the other hand, countries may share sign languages, though sometimes under different names (Croatian and Serbian, Indian and Pakistani). Deaf sign languages also arise outside educational institutions, especially in village communities with high levels of congenital deafness, but there are significant sign languages developed for the hearing as well, such as the speech - taboo languages used in aboriginal Australia. Scholars are doing field surveys to identify the world's sign languages. Title: Panizzi Lectures Passage: The Panizzi Lectures are a series of annual lectures given at the British Library by "eminent scholars of the book" and named after the librarian Anthony Panizzi. They are considered one of the major British bibliographical lecture series alongside the Sandars Lectures at the University of Cambridge and the Lyell Lectures at Oxford University. Title: Ancient Egypt Passage: The Egyptian language is a northern Afro-Asiatic language closely related to the Berber and Semitic languages. It has the second longest known history of any language (after Sumerian), having been written from c. 3200 BC to the Middle Ages and remaining as a spoken language for longer. The phases of ancient Egyptian are Old Egyptian, Middle Egyptian (Classical Egyptian), Late Egyptian, Demotic and Coptic. Egyptian writings do not show dialect differences before Coptic, but it was probably spoken in regional dialects around Memphis and later Thebes.Ancient Egyptian was a synthetic language, but it became more analytic later on. Late Egyptian developed prefixal definite and indefinite articles, which replaced the older inflectional suffixes. There was a change from the older verb–subject–object word order to subject–verb–object. The Egyptian hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic scripts were eventually replaced by the more phonetic Coptic alphabet. Coptic is still used in the liturgy of the Egyptian Orthodox Church, and traces of it are found in modern Egyptian Arabic. Title: Numero sign Passage: The numero sign or numero symbol, No (also represented as No, No, No. or no. (US English), or No or no (UK English) plural Nos. or nos. (US English) or Nos or nos UK English), is a typographic abbreviation of the word number (s) indicating ordinal numeration, especially in names and titles. For example, with the numero sign, the written long - form of the address ``Number 22 Acacia Avenue ''is shortened to`` No 22 Acacia Avenue'', yet both forms are spoken long. Title: Anthony Panizzi Passage: Sir Antonio Genesio Maria Panizzi (16 September 1797 – 8 April 1879), better known as Anthony Panizzi, was a naturalised British librarian of Italian birth and an Italian patriot. He was the Principal Librarian (i.e. head) of the British Museum from 1856 to 1866. Title: Nicaraguan Sign Language Passage: In 1980, a vocational school for deaf adolescents was opened in the area of Managua called Villa Libertad. By 1983, there were over 400 deaf students enrolled in the two schools. Initially, the language program emphasized spoken Spanish and lipreading, and the use of signs by teachers was limited to fingerspelling (using simple signs to sign the alphabet). The program achieved little success, with most students failing to grasp the concept of Spanish words.	[ "Anthony Panizzi", "Panizzi Lectures" ]
2hop__14051_14056	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The most recent SPI report (2012 / 13) gave annual median income as £21,000 before tax and £18,700 after tax. The 2013 / 14 HBAI report gave median household income (2 adults) as £23,556. The provisional results from the April 2014 ASHE report gives median gross annual earnings of £22,044 for all employees and £27,195 for full - time employees.", "title": "Income in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "California, from 1991 to 2012 and since 2017, has a base sales tax of 7.25% (composed of a 6% state tax and a 1.25% uniform local tax) -- the highest statewide sales tax rate in the nation. The tax can total up to 10.25% with local sales tax included, depending on the city in which the purchase is made. Sales and use taxes in the state of California are collected by the publicly elected Board of Equalization, whereas income and franchise taxes are collected by the Franchise Tax Board. Many cities have a combined total sales tax of at least 8.75%.", "title": "Sales taxes in the United States" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The US federal government imposed the first personal income tax, on August 5, 1861, to help pay for its war effort in the American Civil War - (3% of all incomes over US $800) (equivalent to $21,800 in 2017). This tax was repealed and replaced by another income tax in 1862. It was only in 1894 that the first peacetime income tax was passed through the Wilson - Gorman tariff. The rate was 2% on income over $4000 (equivalent to $113,000 in 2017), which meant fewer than 10% of households would pay any. The purpose of the income tax was to make up for revenue that would be lost by tariff reductions. The US Supreme Court ruled the income tax unconstitutional, the 10th amendment forbidding any powers not expressed in the US Constitution, and there being no power to impose any other than a direct tax by apportionment.", "title": "Income tax" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A government budget is an annual financial statement presenting the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financial year that is often passed by the legislature, approved by the chief executive or president and presented by the Finance Minister to the nation. The budget is also known as the Annual Financial Statement of the country. This document estimates the anticipated government revenues and government expenditures for the ensuing (current) financial year. For example, only certain types of revenue may be imposed and collected. Property tax is frequently the basis for municipal and county revenues, while sales tax and / or income tax are the basis for state revenues, and income tax and corporate tax are the basis for national revenues.", "title": "Government budget" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States of America, individuals and corporations pay U.S. federal income tax on the net total of all their capital gains. The tax rate depends on both the investor's tax bracket and the amount of time the investment was held. Short - term capital gains are taxed at the investor's ordinary income tax rate and are defined as investments held for a year or less before being sold. Long - term capital gains, on dispositions of assets held for more than one year, are taxed at a lower rate.", "title": "Capital gains tax in the United States" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Originally the benefits received by retirees were not taxed as income. Beginning in tax year 1984, with the Reagan - era reforms to repair the system's projected insolvency, retirees with incomes over $25,000 (in the case of married persons filing separately who did not live with the spouse at any time during the year, and for persons filing as ``single ''), or with combined incomes over $32,000 (if married filing jointly) or, in certain cases, any income amount (if married filing separately from the spouse in a year in which the taxpayer lived with the spouse at any time) generally saw part of the retiree benefits subject to federal income tax. In 1984, the portion of the benefits potentially subject to tax was 50%. The Deficit Reduction Act of 1993 set the portion to 85%.", "title": "Social Security (United States)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports (``tariffs ''), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. There are state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th Amendment was ratified, permanently legalizing an income tax.", "title": "History of taxation in the United States" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "For the remaining years of Richard's reign, John supported his brother on the continent, apparently loyally. Richard's policy on the continent was to attempt to regain through steady, limited campaigns the castles he had lost to Philip II whilst on crusade. He allied himself with the leaders of Flanders, Boulogne and the Holy Roman Empire to apply pressure on Philip from Germany. In 1195 John successfully conducted a sudden attack and siege of Évreux castle, and subsequently managed the defences of Normandy against Philip. The following year, John seized the town of Gamaches and led a raiding party within 50 miles (80 km) of Paris, capturing the Bishop of Beauvais. In return for this service, Richard withdrew his malevolentia (ill-will) towards John, restored him to the county of Gloucestershire and made him again the Count of Mortain.", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2018, the Social Security Wage Base was $128,400 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer. A person with $10,000 of gross income had $620.00 withheld as Social Security tax from his check and the employer sent an additional $620.00. A person with $130,000 of gross income in 2017 incurred Social Security tax of $7,886.40 (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 6.07% - the rate was lower because the income was more than the 2017 ``wage base '', see below), with $7,886.40 paid by the employer. A person who earned a million dollars in wages paid the same $7,886.40 in Social Security tax (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 0.79%), with equivalent employer matching. In the cases of the $130 k and $1 m earners, each paid the same amount into the social security system, and both will take the same out of the social security system.", "title": "Social Security Wage Base" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Montana's personal income tax contains 7 brackets, with rates ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent. Montana has no sales tax. In Montana, household goods are exempt from property taxes. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The amount of property tax owed is not determined solely by the property's value. The property's value is multiplied by a tax rate, set by the Montana Legislature, to determine its taxable value. The taxable value is then multiplied by the mill levy established by various taxing jurisdictions—city and county government, school districts and others.", "title": "Montana" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. This amendment exempted income taxes from the constitutional requirements regarding direct taxes, after income taxes on rents, dividends, and interest were ruled to be direct taxes in the court case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895). The amendment was adopted on February 3, 1913.", "title": "Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Originally introduced as a classical tax system, in which companies were subject to tax on their profits and companies' shareholders were also liable to income tax on the dividends that they received, the first major amendment to corporation tax saw it move to a dividend imputation system in 1973, under which an individual receiving a dividend became entitled to an income tax credit representing the corporation tax already paid by the company paying the dividend. The classical system was reintroduced in 1999, with the abolition of advance corporation tax and of repayable dividend tax credits. Another change saw the single main rate of tax split into three. Tax competition between jurisdictions reduced the main corporate tax rate from 28% in 2008 - 2010 to a flat rate of 20% as of April 2015.", "title": "United Kingdom corporation tax" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Berlin Customs Wall (German: \"Berliner Zoll- und Akzisemauer\" literally \"Berlin customs and excise wall\" ) was a ring wall around the historic city of Berlin, between 1737 and 1860; the wall itself had no defence function but was used to facilitate the levying of taxes on the import and export of goods (tariffs) which was the primary income of many cities at the time.", "title": "Berlin Customs Wall" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "When the United Kingdom of Great Britain came into being on May 1, 1707, the window tax, which had been introduced across England and Wales under the Act of Making Good the Deficiency of the Clipped Money in 1696, continued. It had been designed to impose tax relative to the prosperity of the taxpayer, but without the controversy that then surrounded the idea of income tax. At that time, many people opposed income tax on principle because they believed that the disclosure of personal income represented an unacceptable governmental intrusion into private matters, and a potential threat to personal liberty. In fact the first permanent British income tax was not introduced until 1842, and the issue remained intensely controversial well into the 20th century.", "title": "History of taxation in the United Kingdom" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the Congressional Budget Office, the United States last had a budget surplus during fiscal year 2001. From fiscal years 2001 to 2009, spending increased by 6.5% of gross domestic product (from 18.2% to 24.7%) while taxes declined by 4.7% of GDP (from 19.5% to 14.8%). Spending increases (expressed as percentage of GDP) were in the following areas: Medicare and Medicaid (1.7%), defense (1.6%), income security such as unemployment benefits and food stamps (1.4%), Social Security (0.6%) and all other categories (1.2%). Revenue reductions were individual income taxes (− 3.3%), payroll taxes (− 0.5%), corporate income taxes (− 0.5%) and other (− 0.4%).", "title": "History of the United States public debt" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Residents of Puerto Rico pay U.S. federal taxes: import/export taxes, federal commodity taxes, social security taxes, therefore contributing to the American Government. Most Puerto Rico residents do not pay federal income tax but do pay federal payroll taxes (Social Security and Medicare). However, federal employees, those who do business with the federal government, Puerto Rico–based corporations that intend to send funds to the U.S. and others do pay federal income taxes. Puerto Ricans may enlist in the U.S. military. Puerto Ricans have participated in all American wars since 1898; 52 Puerto Ricans had been killed in the Iraq War and War in Afghanistan by November 2012.", "title": "51st state" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The result was a sequence of innovative but unpopular financial measures.[nb 10] John levied scutage payments eleven times in his seventeen years as king, as compared to eleven times in total during the reign of the preceding three monarchs. In many cases these were levied in the absence of any actual military campaign, which ran counter to the original idea that scutage was an alternative to actual military service. John maximised his right to demand relief payments when estates and castles were inherited, sometimes charging enormous sums, beyond barons' abilities to pay. Building on the successful sale of sheriff appointments in 1194, John initiated a new round of appointments, with the new incumbents making back their investment through increased fines and penalties, particularly in the forests. Another innovation of Richard's, increased charges levied on widows who wished to remain single, was expanded under John. John continued to sell charters for new towns, including the planned town of Liverpool, and charters were sold for markets across the kingdom and in Gascony.[nb 11] The king introduced new taxes and extended existing ones. The Jews, who held a vulnerable position in medieval England, protected only by the king, were subject to huge taxes; £44,000 was extracted from the community by the tallage of 1210; much of it was passed on to the Christian debtors of Jewish moneylenders.[nb 12] John created a new tax on income and movable goods in 1207 – effectively a version of a modern income tax – that produced £60,000; he created a new set of import and export duties payable directly to the crown. John found that these measures enabled him to raise further resources through the confiscation of the lands of barons who could not pay or refused to pay.", "title": "John, King of England" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Ireland there is an income tax, a value added tax (VAT), and various other taxes. Employees pay pay - as - you - earn (PAYE) taxes based on their income, less certain allowances. The taxation of earnings is progressive, with little or no income tax paid by low earners and a high rate applied to middle to top earners, the top marginal rate of tax (including USC and PRSI) is 52%. However a large proportion of central government tax revenue is also derived from VAT, excise duties and other taxes on consumption. The standard rate of corporation tax is among the lowest in the world at 12.5%.", "title": "Taxation in the Republic of Ireland" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Income tax is charged in respect of all property, profits, or gains. Since 2002, Ireland has operated a tax year coinciding with the calendar year (1 January to 31 December). The change coincided with the introduction of the euro in Ireland. For administrative purposes, taxable income is expressed under four schedules:", "title": "Taxation in the Republic of Ireland" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the tax law of the United States the claim of right doctrine causes a taxpayer to recognize income if they receive the income even though they do not have a fixed right to the income. For the income to qualify as being received there must be a receipt of cash or property that ordinarily constitutes income rather than loans or gifts or deposits that are returnable, the taxpayer needs unlimited control on the use or disposition of the funds, and the taxpayer must hold and treat the income as its own. This law is largely created by the courts, but some aspects have been codified into the Internal Revenue Code.", "title": "Claim of right doctrine" } ]	When did the Count of Mortain create a new tax on income and movable goods?	1207	[]	Title: John, King of England Passage: For the remaining years of Richard's reign, John supported his brother on the continent, apparently loyally. Richard's policy on the continent was to attempt to regain through steady, limited campaigns the castles he had lost to Philip II whilst on crusade. He allied himself with the leaders of Flanders, Boulogne and the Holy Roman Empire to apply pressure on Philip from Germany. In 1195 John successfully conducted a sudden attack and siege of Évreux castle, and subsequently managed the defences of Normandy against Philip. The following year, John seized the town of Gamaches and led a raiding party within 50 miles (80 km) of Paris, capturing the Bishop of Beauvais. In return for this service, Richard withdrew his malevolentia (ill-will) towards John, restored him to the county of Gloucestershire and made him again the Count of Mortain. Title: John, King of England Passage: The result was a sequence of innovative but unpopular financial measures.[nb 10] John levied scutage payments eleven times in his seventeen years as king, as compared to eleven times in total during the reign of the preceding three monarchs. In many cases these were levied in the absence of any actual military campaign, which ran counter to the original idea that scutage was an alternative to actual military service. John maximised his right to demand relief payments when estates and castles were inherited, sometimes charging enormous sums, beyond barons' abilities to pay. Building on the successful sale of sheriff appointments in 1194, John initiated a new round of appointments, with the new incumbents making back their investment through increased fines and penalties, particularly in the forests. Another innovation of Richard's, increased charges levied on widows who wished to remain single, was expanded under John. John continued to sell charters for new towns, including the planned town of Liverpool, and charters were sold for markets across the kingdom and in Gascony.[nb 11] The king introduced new taxes and extended existing ones. The Jews, who held a vulnerable position in medieval England, protected only by the king, were subject to huge taxes; £44,000 was extracted from the community by the tallage of 1210; much of it was passed on to the Christian debtors of Jewish moneylenders.[nb 12] John created a new tax on income and movable goods in 1207 – effectively a version of a modern income tax – that produced £60,000; he created a new set of import and export duties payable directly to the crown. John found that these measures enabled him to raise further resources through the confiscation of the lands of barons who could not pay or refused to pay. Title: Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution Passage: The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. This amendment exempted income taxes from the constitutional requirements regarding direct taxes, after income taxes on rents, dividends, and interest were ruled to be direct taxes in the court case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895). The amendment was adopted on February 3, 1913. Title: Social Security Wage Base Passage: In 2018, the Social Security Wage Base was $128,400 and the Social Security tax rate was 6.20% paid by the employee and 6.20% paid by the employer. A person with $10,000 of gross income had $620.00 withheld as Social Security tax from his check and the employer sent an additional $620.00. A person with $130,000 of gross income in 2017 incurred Social Security tax of $7,886.40 (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 6.07% - the rate was lower because the income was more than the 2017 ``wage base '', see below), with $7,886.40 paid by the employer. A person who earned a million dollars in wages paid the same $7,886.40 in Social Security tax (resulting in an effective rate of approximately 0.79%), with equivalent employer matching. In the cases of the $130 k and $1 m earners, each paid the same amount into the social security system, and both will take the same out of the social security system. Title: History of taxation in the United Kingdom Passage: When the United Kingdom of Great Britain came into being on May 1, 1707, the window tax, which had been introduced across England and Wales under the Act of Making Good the Deficiency of the Clipped Money in 1696, continued. It had been designed to impose tax relative to the prosperity of the taxpayer, but without the controversy that then surrounded the idea of income tax. At that time, many people opposed income tax on principle because they believed that the disclosure of personal income represented an unacceptable governmental intrusion into private matters, and a potential threat to personal liberty. In fact the first permanent British income tax was not introduced until 1842, and the issue remained intensely controversial well into the 20th century. Title: Berlin Customs Wall Passage: The Berlin Customs Wall (German: "Berliner Zoll- und Akzisemauer" literally "Berlin customs and excise wall" ) was a ring wall around the historic city of Berlin, between 1737 and 1860; the wall itself had no defence function but was used to facilitate the levying of taxes on the import and export of goods (tariffs) which was the primary income of many cities at the time.	[ "John, King of England", "John, King of England" ]
2hop__147356_83940	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eagle Mountain is a city in Utah County, Utah, United States. It is part of the Provo–Orem, Utah Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located to the west as well as north of the Lake Mountains, which are west of Utah Lake. It was incorporated December 3, 1996 and has been rapidly growing ever since. The population was 21,415 at the 2010 census. Although Eagle Mountain was a town in 2000, it has since been classified as a fourth-class city by state law. In its short history, the city has quickly become known for its rapid growth.", "title": "Eagle Mountain, Utah" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Vary Chamberlin (January 3, 1879October 31, 1967) was an American biologist, ethnographer, and historian from Salt Lake City, Utah. He was a faculty member of the University of Utah for over 25 years, where he helped establish the School of Medicine and served as its first dean, and later became head of the zoology department. He also taught at Brigham Young University and the University of Pennsylvania, and worked for over a decade at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, where he described species from around the world.", "title": "Ralph Vary Chamberlin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Forman received a B.A. in Marketing Education with a minor in Business Administration in 1984 from the Jon M. Huntsman School of Business at Utah State University. He currently lives with his sons and wife in Buffalo Grove, Illinois.", "title": "Gar Forman" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 -- June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for murder in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010. Gardner's case spent nearly 25 years in the court system, prompting the Utah House of Representatives to introduce legislation to limit the number of appeals in capital cases.", "title": "Ronnie Lee Gardner" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "G. Richard Chamberlin (also known as George Richard Chamberlin, born September 30, 1946) is a former member of the Georgia House of Representatives.", "title": "G. Richard Chamberlin" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moulton is a crater on the Moon's far side, just beyond the south-southwestern limb as seen from the Earth. The crater is attached to the southern edge of Chamberlin, and it lies at the northern terminus of the Vallis Schrödinger. There is a cleft in the shared rim between Chamberlin and Moulton.", "title": "Moulton (crater)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peter Rock (born 1967) is an American novelist born and raised in Salt Lake City, Utah. He is a professor of creative writing at Reed College and lives in Portland, Oregon, with his wife and daughters.", "title": "Peter Rock (novelist)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Spendlove is an American politician and a Republican member of the Utah House of Representatives representing District 49 since January 9, 2014. He lives with his wife in Sandy, Utah.", "title": "Robert Spendlove" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bullen was born and died in Logan, Utah. His father was Herschel Bullen. In 1929 Reed Bullen graduated from what would later be Utah State University with a degree in business. He brought KVNU to Logan in 1938 and later the cable network North Utah Community TV. In 1985 he was inducted into the Utah Broadcasters Hall of Fame.", "title": "Reed Bullen" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Henri Lafont, real name Henri Chamberlin (22 April 1902 in Paris – 26 December 1944 in Arcueil) was the head of the French Gestapo during the German occupation in World War II.", "title": "Henri Lafont" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Mormon pioneers organized a new state called Deseret and petitioned for its recognition in 1849. The United States Congress rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the Utah Territory, vastly reducing its size, and designated Fillmore as its capital city. Great Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the territorial capital in 1858, and the name was later abbreviated to Salt Lake City. The city's population continued to swell with an influx of Mormon converts and Gold Rush gold seekers, making it one of the most populous cities in the American Old West.", "title": "Salt Lake City" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The site of the Forbidden City was situated on the Imperial city during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. After the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital from Beijing in the north to Nanjing in the south, and in 1369 ordered that the Yuan palaces be razed. His son Zhu Di was created Prince of Yan with his seat in Beijing. In 1402, Zhu Di usurped the throne and became the Yongle Emperor. He made Beijing a secondary capital of the Ming empire, and construction began in 1406 of what would become the Forbidden City. The Forbidden City's plan was designed by many architects and designers, and then it was examined by the Emperor's Ministry of Work. The chief architects and engineers include Cai Xin, Nguyen An, a Vietnamese eunuch, Kuai Xiang, Lu Xiang and others.", "title": "History of the Forbidden City" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bayar was pardoned in 1966. Full political rights were restored to him in 1974, but he declined an invitation to become a life member of the Senate, on the grounds that one can represent the people only if elected. He died on 22 August 1986 in Istanbul at the age of 103 after a brief illness. From 24 April 1978, when former Paraguay President Federico Chávez died, until his own death Bayar was the world's oldest living former head of state.", "title": "Celâl Bayar" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ken Ivory is an American politician and a Republican member of the Utah House of Representatives representing District 47 since January 1, 2011. He has made a living as a lobbyist promoting American Lands Council and now Convention of States.", "title": "Ken Ivory" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paul Ray is a member of the Utah House of Representatives in the United States. He is a Republican and represents the 13th district which covers North West Davis County. He lives in Clinton, Utah, with his wife, Julie, and their four children.", "title": "Paul Ray" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In economics and cost accounting, total cost (TC) describes the total economic cost of production and is made up of variable costs, which vary according to the quantity of a good produced and include inputs such as labor and raw materials, plus fixed costs, which are independent of the quantity of a good produced and include inputs (capital) that can not be varied in the short term, such as buildings and machinery.", "title": "Total cost" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Territory of Utah Organized incorporated territory of the United States ← 1850 -- 1896 → → → → → Territorial coat of arms (1876) The Utah Territory upon its creation. Modern state boundaries are shown for reference. Capital Fillmore (1851 -- 1856) Salt Lake City Government Organized incorporated territory Governor 1851 -- 1858 Brigham Young 1893 -- 1896 Caleb Walton West Legislature Utah Territorial Assembly History State of Deseret 1849 Utah Organic Act September 9, 1850 Colorado Territory formed February 28, 1861 Nevada Territory formed March 2, 1861 Wyoming Territory formed July 25, 1868 Statehood January 4, 1896", "title": "Utah Territory" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ralph Fitzherbert (died 1483) was Lord of the manor of Norbury, Derbyshire. His effigy in his suit of armour at Norbury church are reproduced in the Victoria and Albert Museum, in contemporary armour.", "title": "Ralph Fitzherbert" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Sergente\" Giovanni Nicelli was an Italian World War I flying ace. He was credited with eight or nine confirmed aerial victories (sources vary), and died in service to his nation on 5 May 1918.", "title": "Giovanni Nicelli" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Workers Memorial in the national capital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, is Australia's place for honouring workers who have died as a result of work-related accidents, incidents and disease.", "title": "National Workers Memorial (Australia)" } ]	When did the city where Ralph Vary Chamberlin died become the capital of Utah?	1858	[]	Title: Salt Lake City Passage: The Mormon pioneers organized a new state called Deseret and petitioned for its recognition in 1849. The United States Congress rebuffed the settlers in 1850 and established the Utah Territory, vastly reducing its size, and designated Fillmore as its capital city. Great Salt Lake City replaced Fillmore as the territorial capital in 1858, and the name was later abbreviated to Salt Lake City. The city's population continued to swell with an influx of Mormon converts and Gold Rush gold seekers, making it one of the most populous cities in the American Old West. Title: Ralph Vary Chamberlin Passage: Ralph Vary Chamberlin (January 3, 1879October 31, 1967) was an American biologist, ethnographer, and historian from Salt Lake City, Utah. He was a faculty member of the University of Utah for over 25 years, where he helped establish the School of Medicine and served as its first dean, and later became head of the zoology department. He also taught at Brigham Young University and the University of Pennsylvania, and worked for over a decade at the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University, where he described species from around the world. Title: Ronnie Lee Gardner Passage: Ronnie Lee Gardner (January 16, 1961 -- June 18, 2010) was an American criminal who received the death penalty for murder in 1985, and was executed by a firing squad by the state of Utah in 2010. Gardner's case spent nearly 25 years in the court system, prompting the Utah House of Representatives to introduce legislation to limit the number of appeals in capital cases. Title: National Workers Memorial (Australia) Passage: The National Workers Memorial in the national capital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, is Australia's place for honouring workers who have died as a result of work-related accidents, incidents and disease. Title: Reed Bullen Passage: Bullen was born and died in Logan, Utah. His father was Herschel Bullen. In 1929 Reed Bullen graduated from what would later be Utah State University with a degree in business. He brought KVNU to Logan in 1938 and later the cable network North Utah Community TV. In 1985 he was inducted into the Utah Broadcasters Hall of Fame. Title: Total cost Passage: In economics and cost accounting, total cost (TC) describes the total economic cost of production and is made up of variable costs, which vary according to the quantity of a good produced and include inputs such as labor and raw materials, plus fixed costs, which are independent of the quantity of a good produced and include inputs (capital) that can not be varied in the short term, such as buildings and machinery.	[ "Ralph Vary Chamberlin", "Salt Lake City" ]
2hop__782253_31296	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225.", "title": "Battle of Gettysburg" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cecil Clay (February 13, 1842 – September 23, 1903) was captain of Company K in the 58th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He performed gallantly while wounded, earning the Medal of Honor for his actions during the assault and capture of Fort Harrison, Virginia in the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia on September 29, 1864. He was later chief clerk of the United States Department of Justice.", "title": "Cecil Clay" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga.", "title": "Tennessee" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the \"Angel of Santa Fe\" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, \"captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies.\"", "title": "Louisa Hawkins Canby" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Battle of Fort Sumter began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate artillery fired on the Union garrison. These were the first shots of the war and continued all day, watched by many civilians in a celebratory spirit. The fort had been cut off from its supply line and surrendered the next day. The Second Battle of Fort Sumter (September 8, 1863) was a failed attempt by the Union to retake the fort, dogged by a rivalry between army and navy commanders. Although the fort was reduced to rubble, it remained in Confederate hands until it was evacuated as General Sherman marched through South Carolina in February 1865.", "title": "Fort Sumter" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Sea Bird\" (1863) was a captured Confederate schooner acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.", "title": "USS Sea Bird (1863)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Charles Ives Barber (October 25, 1887 – June 14, 1962) was an American architect, active primarily in Knoxville, Tennessee, and vicinity, during the first half of the 20th century. He was cofounder of the firm, Barber & McMurry, through which he designed or codesigned buildings such as the Church Street Methodist Episcopal Church, South, the General Building, and the Knoxville YMCA, as well as several campus buildings for the University of Tennessee and numerous elaborate houses in West Knoxville. Several buildings designed by Barber have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Charles I. Barber" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"J. W. Wilder\" (1859) was a schooner captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a tender in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways.", "title": "USS J. W. Wilder (1859)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lola Sánchez (1844 – 1895) was one of three sisters who became spies for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Sánchez became upset when their father was falsely accused of being a Confederate spy by the members of the Union Army and imprisoned. Officers of the Union Army then occupied the Sánchez residence in Palatka, Florida. On one occasion Sánchez overheard various officers’ planning a raid and decided to alert the Confederates forces. She informed Captain John Jackson Dickison, commander of the local Confederates forces, of the plan. The result of her actions was that the Confederate forces surprised the Union troops in an ambush and captured the USS Columbine, a Union warship, on the day of the supposed raid in the \"Battle of Horse Landing\". This was one of the few instances in which a Union warship was captured by land-based Confederate forces during the Civil War.", "title": "Lola Sánchez (Confederate spy)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Hatchie's Bridge, also known as Battle of Davis Bridge or Matamora, was fought on October 5, 1862, in Hardeman County and McNairy County, Tennessee, as the final engagement of the Iuka–Corinth Campaign of the American Civil War. Confederate Major General Earl Van Dorn's army successfully evaded capture by the Union Army, following his defeat at the Battle of Corinth.", "title": "Battle of Hatchie's Bridge" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Rosalie\" (1863) was a captured Confederate sloop acquired by the Union Navy from the prize court during the American Civil War.", "title": "USS Rosalie (1863)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Edward R. Hanford (1845–1890) was a private in the 2nd U.S. Cavalry, Company H, during the American Civil War. Born in Allegany County, New York, in 1845, Hanford captured the battle flag of the 32nd Battalion Virginia Cavalry of the Confederate States of America at the Battle of Tom's Brook, Woodstock, Virginia, on 9 October 1864. The Union charge, led by generals Wesley Merritt and George Armstrong Custer, successfully forced the Confederates to retreat southward of Woodstock. Hanford received the Medal of Honor on 14 October 1864 for capturing the Confederate battle flag during the charge and for demonstrating \"extraordinary heroism\". Hanford died in California in 1890 and was buried in the Mokelumne Hill Protestant Cemetery of Mokelumne Hill, Calaveras County.", "title": "Edward R. Hanford" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Confédération générale du travail unitaire, or CGTU (United General Confederation of Labor) was a trade union confederation in France that at first included anarcho-syndicalists and soon became aligned with the French Communist Party. It was founded in 1922 as a confederation of radical unions that had left the socialist-dominated General Confederation of Labour (CGT), and in 1936 merged back into the CGT.", "title": "Confédération générale du travail unitaire" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Monterey Place, best known as the Shepard House, is a historic residence in Mobile, Alabama, United States. The house was designed by architect George Franklin Barber in 1897 for Charles Martin Shepard, the general passenger agent for the Mobile and Ohio Railroad in Mobile. Shepard's daughters, Kate and Isabel, began to use the house as a boarding school in 1910.", "title": "Monterey Place" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war.", "title": "Jacksonville, Florida" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon (May 18, 1826 – September 22, 1866) was a Confederate States Army colonel during the American Civil War (Civil War). Gordon had been a private and bugler for a Missouri regiment serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War. Gordon served in the Confederate Army under Brigadier General Joseph O. \"Jo\" Shelby in Missouri and Arkansas in the Confederate Trans-Mississippi Department throughout the war. On May 16, 1865, with the war coming to an end, General E. Kirby Smith, as the Confederate commander of the Trans-Mississippi Department, assigned Gordon to duty as a brigadier general. The Confederate government took no action on the appointment and Confederate President Jefferson Davis did not officially appoint and nominate Gordon to the rank of brigadier general because the Confederate Senate last met on March 18, 1865, and Davis was captured by Union troops on May 10, 1865. Although he was only aged 40 at his death, Gordon survived the war by little more than a year.", "title": "Benjamin Franklin Gordon" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American Civil War Clockwise from top: Battle of Gettysburg, Union Captain John Tidball's artillery, Confederate prisoners, ironclad USS Atlanta, ruins of Richmond, Virginia, Battle of Franklin Date April 12, 1861 -- May 9, 1865 (4 years, 3 weeks and 6 days) Location Southern United States, Northeastern United States, Western United States, Atlantic Ocean Result Union victory: Dissolution of the Confederate States U.S. territorial integrity preserved Slavery abolished Beginning of the Reconstruction Era Belligerents United States Confederate States Commanders and leaders Abraham Lincoln Ulysses S. Grant William T. Sherman David Farragut George B. McClellan Henry Halleck George Meade and others... Jefferson Davis Robert E. Lee J.E. Johnston G.T. Beauregard A.S. Johnston † Braxton Bragg and others... Strength 2,200,000: Union Army Union Marines Union Navy Revenue Service 698,000 (peak) 750,000 -- 1,000,000: Confederate Army Confederate Marines Confederate Navy 360,000 (peak) Casualties and losses 110,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 230,000 + accident / disease deaths 25,000 -- 30,000 died in Confederate prisons 365,000 + total dead 282,000 + wounded 181,193 captured Total: 828,000 + casualties 94,000 + killed in action / died of wounds 26,000 -- 31,000 died in Union prisons 290,000 + total dead 137,000 + wounded 436,658 captured Total: 864,000 + casualties 50,000 free civilians dead 80,000 + slaves dead Total: 785,000 -- 1,000,000 + dead", "title": "American Civil War" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "President Abraham Lincoln visited General Grant at Petersburg on April 3, and took a launch to Richmond the next day, while Jefferson Davis attempted to organize his Confederate government at Danville. Lincoln met Confederate assistant secretary of War John A. Campbell, and handed him a note inviting Virginia's legislature to end their rebellion. After Campbell spun the note to Confederate legislators as a possible end to the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln rescinded his offer and ordered General Weitzel to prevent the Confederate state legislature from meeting. Union forces killed, wounded or captured 8000 Confederate troops at Saylor's Creek southwest of Petersburg on April 6. General Lee continued to reject General Grant's surrender suggestion until Sheridan's infantry and cavalry appeared in front of his retreating army on April 8. He surrendered his remaining approximately 10000 troops at Appomattox Court House the following morning. Jefferson Davis retreated to North Carolina, then further south. when Lincoln rejected the surrender terms negotiated by general Sherman and envoys of North Carolina governor Zebulon Vance, which failed to mention slavery. Davis was captured on May 10 near Irwinville, Georgia and taken back to Virginia, where he was charged with treason and imprisoned for two years at Fort Monroe until freed on bail.", "title": "Richmond, Virginia" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Bermuda\" (1861) was a large steamer captured by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a cargo and general transport ship in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways, primarily in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico. However, despite being a valuable cargo ship, she proved very adept at capturing blockade runners as her record proves.", "title": "USS Bermuda" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The government of the United States (the Union) rejected the claims of secession and considered the Confederacy illegally founded. The War began with the Confederate attack upon Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, a Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. No foreign government officially recognized the Confederacy as an independent country, although Great Britain and France granted it belligerent status, which allowed Confederate agents to contract with private concerns for arms and other supplies. In early 1865, after four years of heavy fighting which led to 620,000–850,000 military deaths, all the Confederate forces surrendered and the Confederacy vanished. The war lacked a formal end; nearly all Confederate forces had been forced into surrender or deliberately disbanded by the end of 1865, by which point the dwindling manpower and resources of the Confederacy were facing overwhelming odds. By 1865 Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America for the duration of the civil war, lamented that the Confederacy had \"disappeared\".", "title": "Confederate States of America" } ]	Which Confederate general failed to capture the Union Fort in the place where Charles I. Barber died?	James Longstreet	[]	Title: Tennessee Passage: Confederates held East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of extremely pro-Confederate Sullivan County. The Confederates, led by General James Longstreet, did attack General Burnside's Fort Sanders at Knoxville and lost. It was a big blow to East Tennessee Confederate momentum, but Longstreet won the Battle of Bean's Station a few weeks later. The Confederates besieged Chattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga. Title: Battle of Hatchie's Bridge Passage: The Battle of Hatchie's Bridge, also known as Battle of Davis Bridge or Matamora, was fought on October 5, 1862, in Hardeman County and McNairy County, Tennessee, as the final engagement of the Iuka–Corinth Campaign of the American Civil War. Confederate Major General Earl Van Dorn's army successfully evaded capture by the Union Army, following his defeat at the Battle of Corinth. Title: Louisa Hawkins Canby Passage: Louisa Hawkins Canby (December 25, 1818 – 1889) was nicknamed the "Angel of Santa Fe" in 1862 for her compassion toward sick, wounded, and freezing Confederate soldiers at Santa Fe, New Mexico. Mrs. Canby was the wife of Union Brig. Gen. Edward Richard Sprigg Canby whose order to destroy or hide not only weapons and ammunition but all food, equipment, and blankets prior to any retreat was largely responsible for the Confederates' misery. Taking pity on her husband's enemies, Mrs. Canby not only organized other officers' wives to nurse the sick and wounded among the occupying Confederate forces, but also showed Col. William Read Scurry where fleeing Union forces had hidden blankets and food. Mrs. Canby, said one rebel, "captured more hearts of Confederate soldier [sic] than the old general ever captured Confederate bodies." Title: Charles I. Barber Passage: Charles Ives Barber (October 25, 1887 – June 14, 1962) was an American architect, active primarily in Knoxville, Tennessee, and vicinity, during the first half of the 20th century. He was cofounder of the firm, Barber & McMurry, through which he designed or codesigned buildings such as the Church Street Methodist Episcopal Church, South, the General Building, and the Knoxville YMCA, as well as several campus buildings for the University of Tennessee and numerous elaborate houses in West Knoxville. Several buildings designed by Barber have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: Lola Sánchez (Confederate spy) Passage: Lola Sánchez (1844 – 1895) was one of three sisters who became spies for the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Sánchez became upset when their father was falsely accused of being a Confederate spy by the members of the Union Army and imprisoned. Officers of the Union Army then occupied the Sánchez residence in Palatka, Florida. On one occasion Sánchez overheard various officers’ planning a raid and decided to alert the Confederates forces. She informed Captain John Jackson Dickison, commander of the local Confederates forces, of the plan. The result of her actions was that the Confederate forces surprised the Union troops in an ambush and captured the USS Columbine, a Union warship, on the day of the supposed raid in the "Battle of Horse Landing". This was one of the few instances in which a Union warship was captured by land-based Confederate forces during the Civil War. Title: Battle of Gettysburg Passage: The two armies suffered between 46,000 and 51,000 casualties. Union casualties were 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured or missing), while Confederate casualties are more difficult to estimate. Many authors have referred to as many as 28,000 Confederate casualties, and Busey and Martin's more recent 2005 work, Regimental Strengths and Losses at Gettysburg, documents 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured or missing). Nearly a third of Lee's general officers were killed, wounded, or captured. The casualties for both sides during the entire campaign were 57,225.	[ "Tennessee", "Charles I. Barber" ]
2hop__726097_493912	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label.", "title": "African Venus" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "I, Jonathan is the fourth solo album by Jonathan Richman, released by the Rounder Records label in 1992. As the founder of influential protopunk band The Modern Lovers, Richman had strived to convey authentic emotions and storytelling with his music. \"I, Jonathan\" continued this aesthetic with simple and sparse rock and roll arrangements, and straightforward lyrics about mundane topics.", "title": "I, Jonathan" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Bye Bye Bye ''is a pop song by American boy band NSYNC. It was released on January 11, 2000 as the first single from their second studio album No Strings Attached. The song was written and produced by Kristian Lundin and Jake Schulze, with additional writing by Andreas Carlsson. Its lyrics describe the end of a romantic relationship; it was reported to also reference the group's separation from their manager Lou Pearlman and their record label RCA Records.", "title": "Bye Bye Bye" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Bye Bye Bye ''is a pop song by American boy band NSYNC. It was released on January 11, 2000 as the first single from their third studio album No Strings Attached. The song was written and produced by Kristian Lundin and Jake Schulze, with additional writing by Andreas Carlsson. Its lyrics describe the end of a romantic relationship; it was reported to also reference the group's separation from their manager Lou Pearlman and their record label RCA Records.", "title": "Bye Bye Bye" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Revolution Will Not Be Televised ''is a poem and song by Gil Scott - Heron. Scott - Heron first recorded it for his 1970 album Small Talk at 125th and Lenox, on which he recited the lyrics, accompanied by congas and bongo drums. A re-recorded version, with a full band, was the B - side to Scott - Heron's first single,`` Home Is Where the Hatred Is'', from his album Pieces of a Man (1971). It was also included on his compilation album, The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (1974). All these releases were issued on the Flying Dutchman Productions record label.", "title": "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mars and Venus with Cupid and a Dog is a oil painting by Paolo Veronese. It was painted around 1580 and is in the collection of the National Gallery of Scotland in Edinburgh. Venus is portrayed sitting on Mars' knee, and she wears a fur. At their feet is Cupid and a lapdog.", "title": "Mars and Venus with Cupid and a Dog" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Here She Comes Now\"/\"Venus in Furs\" is a split single from the American rock bands Nirvana and The Melvins. It was released in 1991 and includes the songs \"Here She Comes Now\" performed by Nirvana, and \"Venus in Furs\" performed by The Melvins. Both songs are cover versions of Velvet Underground songs.", "title": "Here She Comes Now / Venus in Furs" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Steven Severin (born Steven John Bailey, 25 September 1955, Highgate, London), is an English musician, composer, bassist, producer and co-founding member of Siouxsie and the Banshees. He took the name \"Severin\" from the Leopold von Sacher-Masoch character who is mentioned in the Velvet Underground song \"Venus in Furs\". Severin had earlier considered \"Steve Spunker\" for his stage name. After the split of Siouxsie and the Banshees in 1996, Severin created his own label RE, and released several instrumental albums via his official website. In the late 2000s and the early 2010s, he regularly performed live in solo, playing music over footage of silent films.", "title": "Steven Severin" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Apple Venus Volume 1 is the 13th studio album by the English rock band XTC, released in February 1999. It was the first on the band's own Idea Records label through Cooking Vinyl and distributed in the United States by TVT Records. The album relies heavily on strings, acoustic guitars and keyboards, expanding upon the more orchestral approach developed on the group's previous LP \"Nonsuch\" (1992). \"Apple Venus Volume 1\" was met with critical acclaim and moderate sales, peaking at number 42 on the UK Albums Chart and number 106 on the US \"Billboard\" 200.", "title": "Apple Venus Volume 1" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Venus in Furs\" is a song by the Velvet Underground, written by Lou Reed and originally released on the 1967 album \"The Velvet Underground & Nico\". Inspired by the book of the same name by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, the song includes sexual themes of sadomasochism, bondage and submission.", "title": "Venus in Furs (song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Bye Bye Bye\" is a song by the American boy band, NSYNC. It was released on January 11, 2000 as the lead single from their third studio album \"No Strings Attached\". The song was written and produced by Kristian Lundin and Jake Schulze, with additional writing by Andreas Carlsson. Its lyrics describe the end of a romantic relationship; it was reported to also reference the group's separation from their manager Lou Pearlman and their record label RCA Records.", "title": "Bye Bye Bye" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``My Way ''German vinyl release Single by Frank Sinatra from the album My Way B - side`` Blue Lace'' Released 1969 Recorded December 30, 1968, Los Angeles Genre Traditional pop Length 4: 35 Label Reprise Songwriter (s) Claude François and Jacques Revaux; English lyrics by Paul Anka Producer (s) Sonny Burke", "title": "My Way" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``What the World Needs Now Is Love ''is a 1965 popular song with lyrics by Hal David and music composed by Burt Bacharach. First recorded and made popular by Jackie DeShannon, it was released on April 15, 1965, on the Imperial label after a release on sister label Liberty records the previous month was canceled. It peaked at number seven on the US Hot 100 in July of that year. In Canada, the song reached number one.", "title": "What the World Needs Now Is Love" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Last Kiss ''is a song released by Wayne Cochran in 1961 on the Gala label. It failed to do well on the charts. Cochran subsequently re-recorded his song for the King label in 1963. It was later revived by J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers, Pearl Jam and several international artists, including the Canadian group Wednesday, with varying degrees of success. The song was one of several teen tragedy songs from that period. The song's opening lyrics mirror the opening lyrics of Septimus Winner's`` Der Deitcher's Dog''.", "title": "Last Kiss" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "You'd Prefer an Astronaut is the third studio album by the American alternative rock band Hum, released on April 11, 1995 by RCA Records as their major label debut. The title of the album is a lyric lifted from the song \"I'd Like Your Hair Long\".", "title": "You'd Prefer an Astronaut" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lulu is a collaboration album between rock singer-songwriter Lou Reed and heavy metal band Metallica. It was released on October 31, 2011 by Warner Bros. in the U.S. and Vertigo elsewhere. The album is the final full-length studio recording project that Reed was involved in before his death in October 2013. It was recorded in San Rafael, California, during April through June 2011, after Reed had played with Metallica at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th Anniversary Concert which led to them wanting to collaborate. The lead single, titled \"The View\", was released on September 27, 2011.", "title": "Lulu (Lou Reed and Metallica album)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tam, de nas nema (; \"Wherever We Aren't\") is the debut studio album of the popular Ukrainian rock group Okean Elzy. Svyatoslav Vakarchuk is the lead vocalist and songwriter for most of the lyrics on this album. It was released in 1998 by the Kiev-based record label Lavina Music.", "title": "Tam, de nas nema" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Isolate - The Numa Years is a compilation album by Gary Numan. It was released in March 1992 on CD and cassette and contains tracks issued on his own Numa Records label during the years 1984-1986. The songs (mainly in their extended or long forms) are taken from the albums \"Berserker\", \"The Fury\" and \"Strange Charm\". The four page insert contains printed lyrics to all the tracks.", "title": "Isolate (Gary Numan album)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Interstellar Low Ways is an album recorded by the American jazz musician Sun Ra and his Myth Science Arkestra, mostly recorded in Chicago, 1960, and probably released in 1966 on his own Saturn label. Originally titled \"Rocket Number Nine\", the album had acquired its present name, and the red-on-white sleeve by Claude Dangerfield, by 1969. The album is known particularly for the two songs featuring space chants - \"Interplanetary Music\" and \"Rocket Number Nine Take off for the Planet Venus\" - that would stay in the Arkestra's repertoire for many years;", "title": "Interstellar Low Ways" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Native Sense - The New Duets is an album by vibraphonist Gary Burton and pianist Chick Corea released in 1997 on the Concord label. The album is the fourth studio recording by the duo following \"Crystal Silence\" (1972), \"Duet\" (1978) and \"Lyric Suite for Sextet\" (1982). The album peaked number 25 in the \"Billboard\" Top Jazz Albums chart.", "title": "Native Sense - The New Duets" } ]	What is the record label for the writer of Venus in Furs?	Warner Bros.	[]	Title: Lulu (Lou Reed and Metallica album) Passage: Lulu is a collaboration album between rock singer-songwriter Lou Reed and heavy metal band Metallica. It was released on October 31, 2011 by Warner Bros. in the U.S. and Vertigo elsewhere. The album is the final full-length studio recording project that Reed was involved in before his death in October 2013. It was recorded in San Rafael, California, during April through June 2011, after Reed had played with Metallica at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th Anniversary Concert which led to them wanting to collaborate. The lead single, titled "The View", was released on September 27, 2011. Title: Tam, de nas nema Passage: Tam, de nas nema (; "Wherever We Aren't") is the debut studio album of the popular Ukrainian rock group Okean Elzy. Svyatoslav Vakarchuk is the lead vocalist and songwriter for most of the lyrics on this album. It was released in 1998 by the Kiev-based record label Lavina Music. Title: Native Sense - The New Duets Passage: Native Sense - The New Duets is an album by vibraphonist Gary Burton and pianist Chick Corea released in 1997 on the Concord label. The album is the fourth studio recording by the duo following "Crystal Silence" (1972), "Duet" (1978) and "Lyric Suite for Sextet" (1982). The album peaked number 25 in the "Billboard" Top Jazz Albums chart. Title: Venus in Furs (song) Passage: "Venus in Furs" is a song by the Velvet Underground, written by Lou Reed and originally released on the 1967 album "The Velvet Underground & Nico". Inspired by the book of the same name by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, the song includes sexual themes of sadomasochism, bondage and submission. Title: Mars and Venus with Cupid and a Dog Passage: Mars and Venus with Cupid and a Dog is a oil painting by Paolo Veronese. It was painted around 1580 and is in the collection of the National Gallery of Scotland in Edinburgh. Venus is portrayed sitting on Mars' knee, and she wears a fur. At their feet is Cupid and a lapdog. Title: My Way Passage: ``My Way ''German vinyl release Single by Frank Sinatra from the album My Way B - side`` Blue Lace'' Released 1969 Recorded December 30, 1968, Los Angeles Genre Traditional pop Length 4: 35 Label Reprise Songwriter (s) Claude François and Jacques Revaux; English lyrics by Paul Anka Producer (s) Sonny Burke	[ "Venus in Furs (song)", "Lulu (Lou Reed and Metallica album)" ]
2hop__852030_80728	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha constituencies in Assam state in north-eastern India. The seat is reserved for scheduled tribes.", "title": "Kokrajhar (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Jharkhand State of India Seal Location of Jharkhand Map of Jharkhand Coordinates (Ranchi): 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Coordinates: 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Country India Region East India Formation 15 November 2000 Capital Ranchi Districts 24 Government Governor Draupadi Murmu Chief Minister Raghubar Das (BJP) Legislature Unicameral (81 seats) Parliamentary constituency 14 High Court Jharkhand High Court Area Total 79,714 km (30,778 sq mi) Area rank 16th Population (2011) Total 32,988,134 Rank 14th Density 414 / km (1,070 / sq mi) Time zone IST (UTC + 05: 30) ISO 3166 code IN - JH HDI 0.376 (low) HDI rank 19th (2007 - 08) Literacy 67.6% (25th) Official language Hindi Additional official language Urdu Website www.jharkhand.gov.in Formed by the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000", "title": "Jharkhand" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Buldhana Lok Sabha constituency (formerly, Buldana Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency largely represents Buldhana district in the Lok Sabha of Indian parliament, except Malkapur (Assembly constituency), which is part of Raver (Lok Sabha constituency) from Jalgaon district of Khandesh region.", "title": "Buldhana (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sivakasi was a Lok Sabha constituency in India which existed until the 2004 Lok sabha elections. It was converted into Virudhunagar constituency after delimitation in 2008.", "title": "Sivakasi (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Muthialpet is a legislative assembly constituency in the Union territory of Puducherry in India. This constituency covers the area under wards 1–4 and 6–8 of Puducherry Municipality. Muthialpet assembly constituency is a part of Puducherry (Lok Sabha constituency).", "title": "Muthialpet (Union Territory Assembly constituency)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ladakh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir state in northern India. Ladakh lok Sabha constituency is the largest Lok Sabha constituency in India in terms of area with a total area of 173266.37 km. The number of electors (voters) in Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency) is 1.59 lakhs.", "title": "Ladakh (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anantnag Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu & Kashmir state in northern India.", "title": "Anantnag (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate.", "title": "Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Godda Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers the entire Godda district and parts of Deoghar and Dumka districts.", "title": "Godda (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government.", "title": "Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was elected to the 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Narasaraopet (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1967 and 1971 respectively as a member of Indian National Congress.", "title": "Maddi Sudarsanam" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency) is part of No. 32 Ghatal (Lok Sabha constituency). It was earlier part of Panskura (Lok Sabha constituency).", "title": "Pingla (Vidhan Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers parts of Bokaro and Dhanbad districts.", "title": "Dhanbad (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kodarma Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers the entire Koderma district and parts of Hazaribagh and Giridih districts.", "title": "Kodarma (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He had represented the Amravati constituency in 15th Lok Sabha and Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra in the 14th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha.", "title": "Anandrao Vithoba Adsul" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jamui Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency again came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.", "title": "Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khammam Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) constituencies in Telangana state in southern India.", "title": "Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yavatmal Lok Sabha constituency ( formerly known as Yeotmal Lok Sabha constituency ) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency is spread over Yavatmal and Chandrapur districts", "title": "Yavatmal (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chatra Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. It covers the entire Chatra and Latehar districts and part of Palamu district", "title": "Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dumka Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes. This constituency covers the entire Jamtara district and parts of Dumka and Deoghar districts.", "title": "Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)" } ]	Where does the state containing the Dumka Lok Sabha constituency rank in population in India?	14th	[]	Title: Buldhana (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Buldhana Lok Sabha constituency (formerly, Buldana Lok Sabha constituency) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency largely represents Buldhana district in the Lok Sabha of Indian parliament, except Malkapur (Assembly constituency), which is part of Raver (Lok Sabha constituency) from Jalgaon district of Khandesh region. Title: Dhanbad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers parts of Bokaro and Dhanbad districts. Title: Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Dumka Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled tribes. This constituency covers the entire Jamtara district and parts of Dumka and Deoghar districts. Title: Jharkhand Passage: Jharkhand State of India Seal Location of Jharkhand Map of Jharkhand Coordinates (Ranchi): 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Coordinates: 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Country India Region East India Formation 15 November 2000 Capital Ranchi Districts 24 Government Governor Draupadi Murmu Chief Minister Raghubar Das (BJP) Legislature Unicameral (81 seats) Parliamentary constituency 14 High Court Jharkhand High Court Area Total 79,714 km (30,778 sq mi) Area rank 16th Population (2011) Total 32,988,134 Rank 14th Density 414 / km (1,070 / sq mi) Time zone IST (UTC + 05: 30) ISO 3166 code IN - JH HDI 0.376 (low) HDI rank 19th (2007 - 08) Literacy 67.6% (25th) Official language Hindi Additional official language Urdu Website www.jharkhand.gov.in Formed by the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 Title: Maddi Sudarsanam Passage: He was elected to the 4th Lok Sabha and 5th Lok Sabha from Narasaraopet (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1967 and 1971 respectively as a member of Indian National Congress. Title: Yavatmal (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Yavatmal Lok Sabha constituency ( formerly known as Yeotmal Lok Sabha constituency ) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency is spread over Yavatmal and Chandrapur districts	[ "Jharkhand", "Dumka (Lok Sabha constituency)" ]
2hop__674613_433799	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Look of Love ''is a popular song composed by Burt Bacharach and Hal David and sung by English pop singer Dusty Springfield, which appeared in the 1967 spoof James Bond film Casino Royale. In 2008, the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. It also received a Best Song nomination in the 1968 Academy Awards.", "title": "The Look of Love (1967 song)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Holy Smoke is the fourth solo studio album by English musician Peter Murphy. It was released on 14 April 1992 through Beggars Banquet Records. Produced by Mike Thorne, the album features contributions from Alison Limerick, Jonathan Carney, Audrey Riley and The Hundred Men, his backing band since 1988's \"Love Hysteria\" album.", "title": "Holy Smoke (Peter Murphy album)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HMS \"Norfolk\" was a County-class heavy cruiser of the Royal Navy; along with her sister ship she was part of a planned four-ship subclass. She served throughout the Second World War. She was also involved in the sinking of the German Navy's battleships and .", "title": "HMS Norfolk (78)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yoo Sung-je (; born 16 July 1985 in Seoul) is a Korean ice hockey goaltender. He played for Anyang Halla from 2009 through 2012.", "title": "Yoo Sung-je" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Good Night ''is a song by the Beatles, composed by John Lennon, but credited to Lennon - McCartney. It is sung by Ringo Starr, the only Beatle to appear on the track. The music was provided by an orchestra arranged and conducted by George Martin. It is the last song on the Beatles' 1968 album The Beatles (also known as the`` White Album'').", "title": "Good Night (Beatles song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Akashdeep is a 1965 Hindi film directed by Phani Majumdar. The film stars Dharmendra, Mehmood, Ashok Kumar, Nanda and Nimmi. The film's music was composed by Chitragupta in notable songs like \"Dil Ka Diya Jala Ke Gaya\", sung by Lata Mangeshkar.", "title": "Akashdeep" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Tere Sang Yaara ''is a Romantic song written by Manoj Muntashir, composed by Arko Pravo Mukherjee, and sung by Atif Aslam. The song is from the soundtrack of the 2016 tragic flick Rustom.", "title": "Tere Sang Yaara" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hong Qi, better known as Hong Qigong, is a fictional character in the wuxia novel \"The Legend of the Condor Heroes\" and its sequel, \"The Return of the Condor Heroes\", by Jin Yong. Best known for his most powerful martial arts (the 'Eighteen Dragon-Subduing Palms' and the 'Dog Beating Staff Technique'), Hong Qigong is the chief of the Beggars' Sect and the \"Northern Beggar\" of the Five Greats. He is nicknamed \"Nine Fingered Divine Beggar\" after he severs one of his fingers to remind himself to be more time conscious as he has once failed a mission after overindulgence in fine cuisine. He plays a supporting role in the first novel by imparting his skills to Guo Jing and Huang Rong. Huang Rong succeeds him as the Beggars' Sect's chief. Although he appears as a happy-go-lucky old beggar who idles his time away, he actually uses his skills to help those in need and perform chivalrous deeds.", "title": "Hong Qigong" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Al Hoffman (September 25, 1902 – July 21, 1960) was an American song composer. He was a hit songwriter active in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, usually co-writing with others and responsible for number-one hits through each decade, many of which are still sung and recorded today. He was posthumously made a member of the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1984. The popularity of Hoffman's song, \"Mairzy Doats\", co-written with Jerry Livingston and Milton Drake, was such that newspapers and magazines wrote about the craze. \"Time\" magazine titled one article \"Our Mairzy Dotage\". \"The New York Times\" simply wrote the headline, \"That Song\".", "title": "Al Hoffman" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bhikharan (Beggar-Maid) also called \"Song of Life\", is a 1935 Hindi melodrama film directed by Premankur Atorthy. The film was produced by Kolhapur Cinetone and starred Rattan Bai, Master Vinayak, Hafisji, Pramila, and Gundopant Walawalkar. The camera work was by V. B. Joshi. The music for the film was composed by H. C. Bali.", "title": "Bhikharan" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "See You on the Other Side is the third studio album by American neo-psychedelia band Mercury Rev, released in 1995 by record label Beggars Banquet.", "title": "See You on the Other Side (Mercury Rev album)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Its lyrics were written by Rudolf Alexander Schröder in 1950. Hermann Reutter composed its tune after Carl Orff, whom Heuss wanted to have as composer, had rejected the request and suggested Reutter instead. Heuss’ attempts failed, and in 1952 he and Chancellor Adenauer recognized the \"Deutschlandlied\" as the new national anthem, with only the third stanza being sung on official occasions.", "title": "Hymne an Deutschland" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The Happiest Girl in the Whole USA ''is a country and pop music song written, composed, and recorded by Donna Fargo. It is written in the voice of a newlywed girl, sung to her new husband. It has since become her signature song.", "title": "The Happiest Girl in the Whole U.S.A. (song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Beggar's Opera is a ballad opera in three acts written in 1728 by John Gay with music arranged by Johann Christoph Pepusch. It is one of the watershed plays in Augustan drama and is the only example of the once thriving genre of satirical ballad opera to remain popular today. Ballad operas were satiric musical plays that used some of the conventions of opera, but without recitative. The lyrics of the airs in the piece are set to popular broadsheet ballads, opera arias, church hymns and folk tunes of the time.", "title": "The Beggar's Opera" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812 is a sung - through musical adaptation of a segment of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace written by composer / lyricist Dave Malloy and directed by Rachel Chavkin. It is based on Volume 2, Part 5 of Tolstoy's novel, focusing on Natasha's affair with Anatole and Pierre's search for meaning in his life.", "title": "Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Looks Like We Made It\" is a song sung by American singer Barry Manilow, from his 1976 album, \"This One's for You\", composed by Richard Kerr with lyrics by Will Jennings. It was released as a single on 20 April 1977.", "title": "Looks Like We Made It" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Something's Coming ''is a song from the 1957 musical West Side Story. It was composed by Leonard Bernstein with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and is sung solo in a tenor voice by the male lead character 'Tony'.", "title": "Something's Coming (song)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jeeto Chappar Phaad Ke was an Indian game show series which premiered on Sony TV on 26 January 2001. The show was hosted by Bollywood film actor, Govinda. The title track of the series is sung by Shaan which was composed by popular Indian composer, Lesle Lewis.", "title": "Jeeto Chappar Phaad Ke" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"In Dreams\" is a song composed and sung by rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. An operatic ballad of lost love, it was released as a single on Monument Records in February 1963. It became the title track on the album \"In Dreams\", released in July of the same year. The song has a unique structure in seven musical movements in which Orbison sings through two octaves, beyond the range of most rock and roll singers.", "title": "In Dreams (Roy Orbison song)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A sung-through (also through-sung) musical, musical film, or opera is one with no spoken dialogue, except perhaps for some occasional lines spoken in the course of a song but remaining part of the song's lyrics rather than constituting stand-alone dialogue.", "title": "Sung-through" } ]	Who is the composer of the performance named "The Beggar's" followed by the word sub-classifying sung-through?	Johann Christoph Pepusch	[]	Title: Looks Like We Made It Passage: "Looks Like We Made It" is a song sung by American singer Barry Manilow, from his 1976 album, "This One's for You", composed by Richard Kerr with lyrics by Will Jennings. It was released as a single on 20 April 1977. Title: Sung-through Passage: A sung-through (also through-sung) musical, musical film, or opera is one with no spoken dialogue, except perhaps for some occasional lines spoken in the course of a song but remaining part of the song's lyrics rather than constituting stand-alone dialogue. Title: In Dreams (Roy Orbison song) Passage: "In Dreams" is a song composed and sung by rock and roll performer Roy Orbison. An operatic ballad of lost love, it was released as a single on Monument Records in February 1963. It became the title track on the album "In Dreams", released in July of the same year. The song has a unique structure in seven musical movements in which Orbison sings through two octaves, beyond the range of most rock and roll singers. Title: The Beggar's Opera Passage: The Beggar's Opera is a ballad opera in three acts written in 1728 by John Gay with music arranged by Johann Christoph Pepusch. It is one of the watershed plays in Augustan drama and is the only example of the once thriving genre of satirical ballad opera to remain popular today. Ballad operas were satiric musical plays that used some of the conventions of opera, but without recitative. The lyrics of the airs in the piece are set to popular broadsheet ballads, opera arias, church hymns and folk tunes of the time. Title: The Happiest Girl in the Whole U.S.A. (song) Passage: ``The Happiest Girl in the Whole USA ''is a country and pop music song written, composed, and recorded by Donna Fargo. It is written in the voice of a newlywed girl, sung to her new husband. It has since become her signature song. Title: Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812 Passage: Natasha, Pierre & The Great Comet of 1812 is a sung - through musical adaptation of a segment of Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace written by composer / lyricist Dave Malloy and directed by Rachel Chavkin. It is based on Volume 2, Part 5 of Tolstoy's novel, focusing on Natasha's affair with Anatole and Pierre's search for meaning in his life.	[ "The Beggar's Opera", "Sung-through" ]
2hop__772944_47314	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shearing the Rams is an 1890 painting by the Australian artist Tom Roberts. The painting depicts sheep shearers plying their trade in a timber shearing shed. Distinctly Australian in character, the painting is a celebration of pastoral life and work, especially \"strong, masculine labour\", and recognises the role that the wool industry played in the development of the country.", "title": "Shearing the Rams" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"For A Little While\" is a song written by Steve Mandile, Jerry Vandiver and Phil Vassar, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in November 1998 as the sixth and final single from his album \"Everywhere\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart but reached number-one on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart.", "title": "For a Little While" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While other companies were moving on to 32-bit systems, Rare and Nintendo proved that the SNES was still a strong contender in the market. In November 1994, Rare released Donkey Kong Country, a platform game featuring 3D models and textures pre-rendered on SGI workstations. With its detailed graphics, fluid animation and high-quality music, Donkey Kong Country rivaled the aesthetic quality of games that were being released on newer 32-bit CD-based consoles. In the last 45 days of 1994, the game sold 6.1 million units, making it the fastest-selling video game in history to that date. This game sent a message that early 32-bit systems had little to offer over the SNES, and helped make way for the more advanced consoles on the horizon.", "title": "Super Nintendo Entertainment System" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Teechers is a play by John Godber, written in 1984 and was published in 1985. It was first performed by the Hull Truck Theatre Company at the 1987 Edinburgh Festival starring Martin Barass as Salty, Gill Tompkins as Gail and Shirley Anne Selby as Hobby. It is a play within a play in which three students put on a performance to their teachers. Everything in the play is reduced to the bare essentials, with very little set and the three actors playing twenty other parts. However, Godber has said that it could also be performed with twenty different actors. Godber also specified the use of contemporary chart music to keep the play current. In 2010 a revival of the play was again performed at Hull Truck Theatre, before touring at other venues. The cast included Zoe Lister as Gail, Peter McMillan as Salty and Claire Eden as Hobby. The play was updated with modern references and modern music. It was recently performed at Settle College, an esteemed school similar to that outlined in the play.", "title": "Teechers" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Strong Enough to Be Your Man\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in July 2002 as the first single from the album \"Strong Enough\". The song reached number 13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Strong Enough to Be Your Man" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Little Arrows\" is a single by English artist Leapy Lee. Released in 1968, it was the first single from his album \"Little Arrows\". The song peaked at number 2 in his homeland, number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Little Arrows" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Better Man ''is a song written by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift and performed by American country group Little Big Town, released on October 20, 2016. It served as the lead single from the group's eighth studio album, The Breaker, which was released on February 24, 2017.`` Better Man'' was first performed live at the 50th CMA Awards on November 2, 2016. The song won Song of the Year and was nominated for Single of the Year, and Music Video of the Year at the 2017 CMA Awards.", "title": "Better Man (Little Big Town song)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Strong Feelings is the third studio album by country musician Doug Paisley. It was released in January 2014 under No Quarter Records.", "title": "Strong Feelings" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"People Are Crazy\" is a song written by Bobby Braddock and Troy Jones and recorded by American country music singer Billy Currington. It was released in March 2009 as the second single from Currington’s 2008 album \"Little Bit of Everything\". The song became Currington's third number one hit on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart. On December 2, 2009, the song was nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song. The song was also nominated for \"Song of the Year\" at the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards.", "title": "People Are Crazy" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Better Man ''is a song written by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift and performed by American country group Little Big Town, released on October 20, 2016. It served as the lead single from the group's eighth studio album, The Breaker, which was released on February 24, 2017.`` Better Man'' was first performed live at the 50th CMA Awards on November 2, 2016. The song is nominated for Song of the Year, Single of the Year, and Music Video of the Year at the 2017 CMA Awards.", "title": "Better Man (Little Big Town song)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Gwyneth Paltrow as Kelly Canter Tim McGraw as James Canter Leighton Meester as Chiles Stanton Garrett Hedlund as Beau Hutton Marshall Chapman as Winnie Lari White as Hair Stylist Jeremy Childs as J.J. Jim Lauderdale as Kelly's Bandmate Amanda Shires as Kelly's Bandmate Chris Scruggs as Beau's Bandmate", "title": "Country Strong" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The third season of the American television drama series Empire premiered on September 21, 2016, in the United States on Fox. The third season was ordered on January 15, 2016. The show is produced by 20th Century Fox, in association with Imagine Entertainment, Lee Daniels Entertainment, Danny Strong Productions and Little Chicken Inc. The showrunners for this season are Ilene Chaiken, Danny Strong and Lee Daniels. The season airs on Wednesday at 9: 00 pm, the same slot as the previous seasons. The season concluded on May 24, 2017 and contained 18 episodes.", "title": "Empire (season 3)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One distinctive feature of the companies was that they included only males. Female parts were played by adolescent boy players in women's costume. Some companies were composed entirely of boy players. Performances in the public theatres (like the Globe) took place in the afternoon with no artificial lighting, but when, in the course of a play, the light began to fade, candles were lit. In the enclosed private theatres (like the Blackfriars) artificial lighting was used throughout. Plays contained little to no scenery as the scenery was described by the actors or indicated by costume through the course of the play.", "title": "English Renaissance theatre" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1978, Queen toured the US and Canada, and spent much of 1979 touring in Europe and Japan. They released their first live album, Live Killers, in 1979; it went platinum twice in the US. Queen also released the very successful single \"Crazy Little Thing Called Love\", a rockabilly inspired song done in the style of Elvis Presley. The song made the top 10 in many countries, topped the Australian ARIA Charts for seven consecutive weeks, and was the band's first number one single in the United States where it topped the Billboard Hot 100 for four weeks. Having written the song on guitar and played rhythm on the record, Mercury played rhythm guitar while performing the song live, which was the first time he ever played guitar in concert. In December 1979, Queen played the opening night at the Concert for the People of Kampuchea in London, having accepted a request by the event's organiser Paul McCartney.", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Girl Crush ''is a song written by Lori McKenna, Hillary Lindsey and Liz Rose, and performed by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on December 15, 2014 as the second single from their sixth studio album, Pain Killer.", "title": "Girl Crush" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Me and Tennessee\" is a song written by Chris Martin and performed by Tim McGraw and Gwyneth Paltrow. It is included on the soundtrack to the 2010 film \"Country Strong\", in which the two star. It peaked at number 34 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and at number 63 on the UK Singles chart.", "title": "Me and Tennessee" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tayler Adams (born 24 November 1993) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays as a halfback. He represents Southland in the ITM Cup. He made his Southland debut in 2012, and his strong performances saw him named in the New Zealand national under-20 squad for the 2013 IRB Junior World Championship in France. Between 2015 and 2018 he played in Australia, initially in the NRC, and in 2018 for the Melbourne Rebels in Super Rugby.", "title": "Tayler Adams" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Peace on Earth / Little Drummer Boy ''(sometimes titled`` The Little Drummer Boy / Peace on Earth'') is a Christmas song with an added counterpoint performed by David Bowie and Bing Crosby. ``The Little Drummer Boy ''is a Christmas song written in 1941, while the`` Peace on Earth'' tune and lyrics, written by Ian Fraser, Larry Grossman, and Alan Kohan, were added to the song specially for Bowie and Crosby's recording.", "title": "Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "16 de Septiembre is a studio album released by American performer Little Joe and his band La Familia, named after the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. It was released in 1991 by Sony Music Entertainment. The album peaked at number 14 in the \"Billboard\" Regional Mexican Albums chart and earned Little Joe the Grammy Award for Best Mexican-American Performance at the 34th Grammy Awards.", "title": "16 de Septiembre" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The company was the first-ever domestic manufacturer of floppy diskettes in India. In a short span of time, Amkette gained a strong name in the Indian market due to Bapna’s strong focus on precision manufacturing, customer service and distribution policies. Rajiv Bapna is also responsible for creating one of the largest IT distribution networks in the country.", "title": "Rajiv Bapna" } ]	Who does the singer of For a Little While play in Country Song?	James Canter	[]	Title: Rajiv Bapna Passage: The company was the first-ever domestic manufacturer of floppy diskettes in India. In a short span of time, Amkette gained a strong name in the Indian market due to Bapna’s strong focus on precision manufacturing, customer service and distribution policies. Rajiv Bapna is also responsible for creating one of the largest IT distribution networks in the country. Title: Strong Enough to Be Your Man Passage: "Strong Enough to Be Your Man" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Travis Tritt. It was released in July 2002 as the first single from the album "Strong Enough". The song reached number 13 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: People Are Crazy Passage: "People Are Crazy" is a song written by Bobby Braddock and Troy Jones and recorded by American country music singer Billy Currington. It was released in March 2009 as the second single from Currington’s 2008 album "Little Bit of Everything". The song became Currington's third number one hit on the US "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart. On December 2, 2009, the song was nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song. The song was also nominated for "Song of the Year" at the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards. Title: For a Little While Passage: "For A Little While" is a song written by Steve Mandile, Jerry Vandiver and Phil Vassar, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in November 1998 as the sixth and final single from his album "Everywhere". The song peaked at number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart but reached number-one on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. Title: Girl Crush Passage: ``Girl Crush ''is a song written by Lori McKenna, Hillary Lindsey and Liz Rose, and performed by American country music group Little Big Town. It was released on December 15, 2014 as the second single from their sixth studio album, Pain Killer. Title: Country Strong Passage: Gwyneth Paltrow as Kelly Canter Tim McGraw as James Canter Leighton Meester as Chiles Stanton Garrett Hedlund as Beau Hutton Marshall Chapman as Winnie Lari White as Hair Stylist Jeremy Childs as J.J. Jim Lauderdale as Kelly's Bandmate Amanda Shires as Kelly's Bandmate Chris Scruggs as Beau's Bandmate	[ "For a Little While", "Country Strong" ]
2hop__579335_694982	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The opera is written in the genre of opéra comique with musical numbers separated by dialogue. It is set in southern Spain and tells the story of the downfall of Don José, a naïve soldier who is seduced by the wiles of the fiery gypsy Carmen. José abandons his childhood sweetheart and deserts from his military duties, yet loses Carmen's love to the glamorous matador Escamillo, after which José kills her in a jealous rage. The depictions of proletarian life, immorality, and lawlessness, and the tragic death of the main character on stage, broke new ground in French opera and were highly controversial.", "title": "Carmen" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Queen composed music that drew inspiration from many different genres of music, often with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. The genres they have been associated with include progressive rock, symphonic rock, art rock, glam rock, hard rock, heavy metal, pop rock, and psychedelic rock. Queen also wrote songs that were inspired by diverse musical styles which are not typically associated with rock groups, such as opera, music hall, folk music, gospel, ragtime, and dance/disco. Several Queen songs were written with audience participation in mind, such as \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\". Similarly, \"Radio Ga Ga\" became a live favourite because it would have \"crowds clapping like they were at a Nuremberg rally\".", "title": "Queen (band)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Zane Banks (born 1986) is an Australian guitarist from Sydney, who plays both classical and electric guitars in a variety of musical genres. Banks premiered the 1-hour long solo electric guitar work, \"Ingwe\", by composer Georges Lentz.", "title": "Zane Banks" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Violin is a 2011 Malayalam musical romance film directed by Sibi Malayil. It stars Asif Ali and Nithya Menon in the lead roles, and Vijayaraghavan, Nedumudi Venu, Sreejith Ravi, Chembil Asokan, Lakshmi Ramakrishnan and Reena Basheer in other major roles. The film is about two youngsters who are brought together by their fondness to music. A musical romance film by genre, it features music composed by Bijibal and a song composed by Bollywood composer Anand Raj Anand. Rafeeq Ahmed writes the lyrics while Manoj Pillai is the cinematographer. Sakhi Thomas was the costume designer for this movie. Having filmed the major parts from Fort Kochi, the film released on 1 July 2011.", "title": "Violin (2011 film)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stamping Mill is an American experimental rock band, founded in 2009 in Northern California. The sole member of the band, who goes by the pseudonym of Joseph, composes songs using a computer program to generate musical notes randomly. The structure and collections of tones within each song are predetermined, while the sequence of notes is selected randomly and then recorded using guitars or xylophones or other instruments. This style of music, in which some element of the composition is left to chance, is known as aleatoric music. Aleatoric music is primarily associated with classical composers like John Cage and Witold Lutosławski and has only occasionally been used in the rock genre.", "title": "Stamping Mill" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The music of Guinea-Bissau is usually associated with the polyrhythmic gumbe genre, the country's primary musical export. However, civil unrest and other factors have combined over the years to keep gumbe, and other genres, out of mainstream audiences, even in generally syncretist African countries.", "title": "Guinea-Bissau" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Desert Music is a work of music for voices and orchestra composed by the minimalist composer Steve Reich. It is based on texts by William Carlos Williams and takes its title from his poetry anthology \"The Desert Music and Other Poems\". The composition consists of five movements, and in both its tempi and arrangement of thematic material, the piece is in a characteristic arch form (ABCBA). It was composed in 1983.", "title": "The Desert Music" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Christopher Handy (November 16, 1873 -- March 28, 1958) was a composer and musician, known as the Father of the Blues. An African American, Handy was one of the most influential songwriters in the United States. One of many musicians who played the distinctively American blues music, Handy did not create the blues genre and was not the first to publish music in the blues form, but he took the blues from a regional music style (Delta blues) with a limited audience to a new level of popularity.", "title": "W. C. Handy" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aaron Copland (/ ˌærən ˈkoʊplənd /; November 14, 1900 -- December 2, 1990) was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later a conductor of his own and other American music. Copland was referred to by his peers and critics as ``the Dean of American Composers. ''The open, slowly changing harmonies in much of his music are typical of what many people consider to be the sound of American music, evoking the vast American landscape and pioneer spirit. He is best known for the works he wrote in the 1930s and 1940s in a deliberately accessible style often referred to as`` populist'' and which the composer labeled his ``vernacular ''style. Works in this vein include the ballets Appalachian Spring, Billy the Kid and Rodeo, his Fanfare for the Common Man and Third Symphony. In addition to his ballets and orchestral works, he produced music in many other genres including chamber music, vocal works, opera and film scores.", "title": "Aaron Copland" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Almost all of the composers who are described in music textbooks on classical music and whose works are widely performed as part of the standard concert repertoire are male composers, even though there has been a large number of women composers throughout the classical music period. Musicologist Marcia Citron has asked \"[w]hy is music composed by women so marginal to the standard 'classical' repertoire?\" Citron \"examines the practices and attitudes that have led to the exclusion of women composers from the received 'canon' of performed musical works.\" She argues that in the 1800s, women composers typically wrote art songs for performance in small recitals rather than symphonies intended for performance with an orchestra in a large hall, with the latter works being seen as the most important genre for composers; since women composers did not write many symphonies, they were deemed to be not notable as composers. In the \"...Concise Oxford History of Music, Clara Shumann [sic] is one of the only [sic] female composers mentioned.\" Abbey Philips states that \"[d]uring the 20th century the women who were composing/playing gained far less attention than their male counterparts.\"", "title": "Classical music" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tanlines is an American electronic music and indie rock duo from Brooklyn, New York composed of percussionist Jesse Cohen and guitarist and vocalist Eric Emm. Their influence is drawn from various genres including pop, indie, dance and world music. Tanlines' debut album \"Mixed Emotions\" was released on March 20, 2012 and reached No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" Heatseekers album chart. Tanlines' songs are represented by Downtown Music Publishing.", "title": "Tanlines" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telectu is a Portuguese experimental, avant-garde music duo formed in 1982 by Vítor Rua (former member of GNR) and Jorge Lima Barreto, a jazz musician and musical essayist. Their music incorporates a variety of elements from free jazz, rock, electronica, minimalism and concrete music. They are arguably the most important project of its genre in Portugal. Their career spanning 30 years, includes a voluminous discography, many national and international performances and collaborations, both live and recorded, with important experimental and improvisation musicians such as Elliott Sharp, Carlos Zíngaro, Jac Berrocal, Sunny Murray, Chris Cutler amongst others. They have also composed music for theater, video art and multimedia performance.", "title": "Telectu" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kari Kimmel is an American singer, songwriter, composer, and producer. She is best known for the theme track It's Not Just Make Believe for Ella Enchanted, the theme track Black for The Walking Dead trailer, and the theme track Where You Belong for The Fosters. Her music ranges across the genres of pop, rock, folk, and R&B.", "title": "Kari Kimmel" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shellac is an American post-hardcore band from Chicago, Illinois, composed of Steve Albini (guitar and vocals), Bob Weston (bass guitar and vocals) and Todd Trainer (drums and vocals) and formed in 1992. Their music genre has been classified as post-hardcore and noise rock but they describe themselves as a \"minimalist rock trio.\"", "title": "Shellac (band)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Post-punk was an eclectic genre which resulted in a wide variety of musical innovations and helped merge white and black musical styles. Out of the post-punk milieu came the beginnings of various subsequent genres, including new wave, dance-rock, New Pop, industrial music, synthpop, post-hardcore, neo-psychedelia alternative rock and house music. Bands such as Joy Division, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Bauhaus and the Cure played in a darker, more morose style of post-punk that lead to the development of the gothic rock genre.", "title": "Post-punk" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1999 The Association of Professional Composers (APC) and the Composers' Guild of Great Britain (CGGB) merged with the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors to provide a single, more powerful amalgamated organisation to represent its membership. The organization's current name was adopted in March, 2009. Sir Tim Rice was elected first president, and Guy Fletcher and David Stoll served as joint chairs of a nine-member Board of Directors. Three executive committees were established to administer Pop and Theatrical Music, Concert Music and Media. BASCA now has four genre committees representing Songwriters, Classical, Jazz and Media composers.", "title": "British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The symphonic poems of the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt are a series of 13 orchestral works, numbered S.95–107. The first 12 were composed between 1848 and 1858 (though some use material conceived earlier); the last, \"Von der Wiege bis zum Grabe\" (\"From the Cradle to the Grave\"), followed in 1882. These works helped establish the genre of orchestral program music—compositions written to illustrate an extra-musical plan derived from a play, poem, painting or work of nature. They inspired the symphonic poems of Bedřich Smetana, Antonín Dvořák, Richard Strauss and others.", "title": "Symphonic poems (Liszt)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Cave is a multimedia opera in three acts by Steve Reich to an English libretto by his wife Beryl Korot. It was first performed in 1993 in Vienna by the Steve Reich Ensemble, conducted by Paul Hillier. The title \"The Cave\" refers to The Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, where Abraham and Sarah (and several other major religious figures) are buried.", "title": "The Cave (opera)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Miriam Zach is a University of Florida professor and musicologist residing in Gainesville, Florida known for her work in the study of women composers. Zach's published works in the area of female composers include a CD titled \"Hidden Treasures: 300 Years of Organ Music by Women Composers\" which was released in 1998 and the textbook \"For the Birds: Women Composers Music History Speller\", and her collections of music and documentation about women composers formed the base of the International Women Composers' Library, a music history library of which Dr. Zach is the current director.", "title": "Miriam Zach" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cubic Zirconia are an American electronic dance music trio from East Village, New York City composed of Tiombe Lockhart, Nick Hook and Daud Sturdivant. They have been noted for their energetic live performances and experimental sound, which combines elements from such genres as Chicago house music, neo-soul, rock and electro-funk.", "title": "Cubic Zirconia (band)" } ]	What genre does the composer of The Desert Music work in?	opera	[ "Opera" ]	Title: Zane Banks Passage: Zane Banks (born 1986) is an Australian guitarist from Sydney, who plays both classical and electric guitars in a variety of musical genres. Banks premiered the 1-hour long solo electric guitar work, "Ingwe", by composer Georges Lentz. Title: Queen (band) Passage: Queen composed music that drew inspiration from many different genres of music, often with a tongue-in-cheek attitude. The genres they have been associated with include progressive rock, symphonic rock, art rock, glam rock, hard rock, heavy metal, pop rock, and psychedelic rock. Queen also wrote songs that were inspired by diverse musical styles which are not typically associated with rock groups, such as opera, music hall, folk music, gospel, ragtime, and dance/disco. Several Queen songs were written with audience participation in mind, such as "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions". Similarly, "Radio Ga Ga" became a live favourite because it would have "crowds clapping like they were at a Nuremberg rally". Title: The Desert Music Passage: The Desert Music is a work of music for voices and orchestra composed by the minimalist composer Steve Reich. It is based on texts by William Carlos Williams and takes its title from his poetry anthology "The Desert Music and Other Poems". The composition consists of five movements, and in both its tempi and arrangement of thematic material, the piece is in a characteristic arch form (ABCBA). It was composed in 1983. Title: The Cave (opera) Passage: The Cave is a multimedia opera in three acts by Steve Reich to an English libretto by his wife Beryl Korot. It was first performed in 1993 in Vienna by the Steve Reich Ensemble, conducted by Paul Hillier. The title "The Cave" refers to The Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron, where Abraham and Sarah (and several other major religious figures) are buried. Title: Kari Kimmel Passage: Kari Kimmel is an American singer, songwriter, composer, and producer. She is best known for the theme track It's Not Just Make Believe for Ella Enchanted, the theme track Black for The Walking Dead trailer, and the theme track Where You Belong for The Fosters. Her music ranges across the genres of pop, rock, folk, and R&B. Title: Stamping Mill Passage: Stamping Mill is an American experimental rock band, founded in 2009 in Northern California. The sole member of the band, who goes by the pseudonym of Joseph, composes songs using a computer program to generate musical notes randomly. The structure and collections of tones within each song are predetermined, while the sequence of notes is selected randomly and then recorded using guitars or xylophones or other instruments. This style of music, in which some element of the composition is left to chance, is known as aleatoric music. Aleatoric music is primarily associated with classical composers like John Cage and Witold Lutosławski and has only occasionally been used in the rock genre.	[ "The Desert Music", "The Cave (opera)" ]
2hop__71102_23198	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Protea banks is a reef about 7 km off the shore of South Africa near Margate. the reef lies at a depth of between 27 and 40 meters, being 6km long and 800m wide. Protea Banks is one of the richest tuna grounds in the world, which is one of the main reason why there are so many Zambezi Sharks patrolling the reef. The high tuna population has also enabled generations of fishermen to make a living at Protea. Other fish species that can be observed in the reef include Scalloped Hammerheads, Great Hammerheads and Barracudas. Since its proclamation in 2019, locals are expecting for the Protea banks to bring new economic opportunities, with the expected boom in tourism to the area.", "title": "Protea banks" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant. Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent very different ideologies than they did when first founded. In democracies, political parties are elected by the electorate to run a government. Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China. The United States is a two-party system, with its two most powerful parties being the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.", "title": "Political party" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of African (black), European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry.", "title": "South Africa" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For many years until 2006, South Africa was the world's dominant gold producer, but recently other countries with large surface area have surpassed South Africa: China, Russia, Canada, the United States, Peru and Australia. Albeit, none of these countries have approached South Africa's peak production which occurred in the 1970s. Note the figures are for primary production. In the US, for example, for the years 2010 - 14, new and old scrap exceeded both primary production and reported domestic consumption.", "title": "List of countries by gold production" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Region Rank Country 2015 GDP (PPP) millions of International dollars -- Africa 5,736,700 Nigeria 1,192.00 Egypt 995.97 South Africa 724.01 Algeria 570.64 Morocco 274.53 6 Angola 185.25 7 Sudan 167.42 8 Ethiopia 159.22 9 Tanzania 150.4 10 Kenya 143.05 11 Tunisia 127.21 12 Ghana 113.35 13 Libya 92.88 14 Uganda 79.75 15 Ivory Coast 78.34 16 Cameroon 72.11 17 Zambia 64.65 18 Democratic Republic of the Congo 63.27 19 Botswana 37.16 20 Senegal 36.30 21 Madagascar 35.56 22 Gabon 34.41 23 Chad 33.73 24 Mozambique 32.00 25 Burkina Faso 31.18 26 Mali 29.15 27 Zimbabwe 28.90 28 Republic of the Congo 27.92 29 Equatorial Guinea 25.94 30 Mauritius 24.84 31 Namibia 24.51 32 Benin 21.16 33 Malawi 20.56 34 Rwanda 20.32 35 Niger 18.96 36 Mauritania 16.43 37 Guinea 15.28 38 Swaziland 10.87 39 Togo 10.82 40 Eritrea 7.94 41 Burundi 7.88 42 Somalia 5.90 43 Lesotho 5.78 44 Gambia 3.27 45 Liberia 3.78 46 Cape Verde 3.48 47 Djibouti 3.09 48 Seychelles 2.53 49 Guinea - Bissau 1.94 50 Central African Republic 1.62 51 Comoros 1.21 52 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.66", "title": "List of African countries by GDP (PPP)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.", "title": "Central African Republic" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East. Within the government the State Department has been most influential in promulgating the Near Eastern regional system. The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa and various forms of Asia. In many cases, such as France, no distinct regional substructures have been employed. Each country has its own French diplomatic apparatus, although regional terms, including Proche-Orient and Moyen-Orient, may be used in a descriptive sense. The most influential agencies in the United States still using Near East as a working concept are as follows.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since the 1920s, motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries. In one of the richest agricultural regions in the U.S., cattle and citrus were major industries until farmlands were turned into suburbs. Although military spending cutbacks have had an impact, aerospace continues to be a major factor.", "title": "Southern California" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.", "title": "Libya" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Core countries do not always stay core permanently. Throughout history, core nations have been changing and new ones have been added to the core list. The most influential countries in the past have been what would be considered core. These were the Asian, Indian and Middle Eastern empires in the ages up to the 16th century, prominently India and China were the richest regions in the world until the 15th century, when the European powers took the lead, although the major Asian powers such as China were still very influential in the region. Europe remained ahead of the pack until the 20th century, when the two World Wars turned disastrous for the European economies. It is then that the victorious United States and Soviet Union, up to late 1980s, became the two hegemons, creating a bipolar world order. The heart of civilisation consists of Western Europe, North America, Australasia and Japan. The population of the core is by far the wealthiest and best educated on the planet.", "title": "Core countries" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 2017, there are a total of 1,073 World Heritage Sites located in 167 ``States Parties ''Of the 1,073 sites, 832 are cultural, 206 are natural and 35 are mixed properties. The countries have been divided by the World Heritage Committee into five geographic zones: Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The country with the most number of sites (including sites shared with other countries) is Italy, with 53 entries. The country with the most number of sites by itself alone (excluding sites shared with other countries) is China, with 51 entries.", "title": "World Heritage Sites by country" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar in 1933. Portugal was one of only five European countries to remain neutral in World War II. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Portugal was a founding member of NATO, OECD and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Gradually, new economic development projects and relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa were initiated, with Angola and Mozambique, as the largest and richest overseas territories, being the main targets of those initiatives. These actions were used to affirm Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation and not as a colonial empire.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Helen Epstein (born 1961) is an American writer, molecular biologist, and independent consultant specializing in public health in developing countries. She has conducted research on reproductive health and AIDS in Africa for such organizations as the Rockefeller Foundation, the Population Council, and Human Rights Watch, and her articles have appeared in \"The New York Review of Books\", \"The New York Times Magazine\", \"Granta Magazine\", and many other publications. Her research interests include the right to health care in developing countries and the relationship between poverty and health in industrialized countries.", "title": "Helen Epstein (HIV/AIDS journalist)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Africa\", also titled \"Africa (Voodoo Master)\", is a 1982 song recorded by French singer Rose Laurens. It was one of the singles from her first album \"Déraisonnable\" and was released in 1982 in France, and in March 1983 elsewhere. The version available on the 7\" is shorter than on the album, as the musical bridge is shortened and there are fewer refrains. It immediately became a smash hit in many countries, reaching the top of the charts. In 1994, a CD maxi of remixes was released, but failed to chart.", "title": "Africa (Rose Laurens song)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest deer species. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region, Asia Minor, Iran, parts of western Asia, and central Asia. It also inhabits the Atlas Mountains region between Morocco and Tunisia in northwestern Africa, being the only species of deer to inhabit Africa. Red deer have been introduced to other areas, including Australia, New Zealand, United States, Canada, Peru, Uruguay, Chile and Argentina. In many parts of the world, the meat (venison) from red deer is used as a food source.", "title": "Red deer" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Now That's What I Call Music! (often shortened to Now!) is a series of various artists compilation albums released in the United Kingdom and Ireland by Sony Music and Universal Music (Universal/Sony Music) which began in 1983. Spinoff series began for other countries the following year, starting with South Africa, and many other countries worldwide soon followed, expanding into Asia in 1995, then the United States in 1998.", "title": "Now That's What I Call Music!" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are generally three possible arrangements by which a country can have a single border. The first is with a divided island such a Haiti and the Dominican Republic, or Ireland and the United Kingdom. The second is a peninsular relationship, where the first country borders the second and is otherwise surrounded by sea, while the second country borders other countries, as with Portugal and Spain, Denmark and Germany, or Canada and the United States. The third is the circumstance where the first country is a small country that is landlocked and completely surrounded by the second, larger country, as with The Vatican and Italy, or Lesotho and South Africa.", "title": "List of countries that border only one other country" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The crew had originally intended to shoot in the mountains of Bulgaria, but after the country had endured one of its largest blizzards, they opted to return to South Africa. Filming took place in the Cape Town area which is where Tremors 5 was filmed. The opening scene was filmed in the desert made to look like snow with filters and video processing techniques. The nice weather was explained by climate change causing unusual warmth in the area. Having worked on the previous film series, the crew used CGI for many of the Graboid scenes.", "title": "Tremors: A Cold Day in Hell" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland (Eswatini); and it surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (Coloured) ancestry.", "title": "South Africa" } ]	How many states does the richest country in Africa have?	thirty-six	[]	Title: List of African countries by GDP (PPP) Passage: Region Rank Country 2015 GDP (PPP) millions of International dollars -- Africa 5,736,700 Nigeria 1,192.00 Egypt 995.97 South Africa 724.01 Algeria 570.64 Morocco 274.53 6 Angola 185.25 7 Sudan 167.42 8 Ethiopia 159.22 9 Tanzania 150.4 10 Kenya 143.05 11 Tunisia 127.21 12 Ghana 113.35 13 Libya 92.88 14 Uganda 79.75 15 Ivory Coast 78.34 16 Cameroon 72.11 17 Zambia 64.65 18 Democratic Republic of the Congo 63.27 19 Botswana 37.16 20 Senegal 36.30 21 Madagascar 35.56 22 Gabon 34.41 23 Chad 33.73 24 Mozambique 32.00 25 Burkina Faso 31.18 26 Mali 29.15 27 Zimbabwe 28.90 28 Republic of the Congo 27.92 29 Equatorial Guinea 25.94 30 Mauritius 24.84 31 Namibia 24.51 32 Benin 21.16 33 Malawi 20.56 34 Rwanda 20.32 35 Niger 18.96 36 Mauritania 16.43 37 Guinea 15.28 38 Swaziland 10.87 39 Togo 10.82 40 Eritrea 7.94 41 Burundi 7.88 42 Somalia 5.90 43 Lesotho 5.78 44 Gambia 3.27 45 Liberia 3.78 46 Cape Verde 3.48 47 Djibouti 3.09 48 Seychelles 2.53 49 Guinea - Bissau 1.94 50 Central African Republic 1.62 51 Comoros 1.21 52 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.66 Title: Now That's What I Call Music! Passage: Now That's What I Call Music! (often shortened to Now!) is a series of various artists compilation albums released in the United Kingdom and Ireland by Sony Music and Universal Music (Universal/Sony Music) which began in 1983. Spinoff series began for other countries the following year, starting with South Africa, and many other countries worldwide soon followed, expanding into Asia in 1995, then the United States in 1998. Title: Central African Republic Passage: There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work. Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West. Title: Near East Passage: The United States is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East. Within the government the State Department has been most influential in promulgating the Near Eastern regional system. The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa and various forms of Asia. In many cases, such as France, no distinct regional substructures have been employed. Each country has its own French diplomatic apparatus, although regional terms, including Proche-Orient and Moyen-Orient, may be used in a descriptive sense. The most influential agencies in the United States still using Near East as a working concept are as follows.	[ "List of African countries by GDP (PPP)", "Nigeria" ]
2hop__834073_8773	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League was a Tier II Junior \"A\" ice hockey that lasted from the late 1960s until 1977 in Southern Ontario, Canada. The league was swallowed by what is now called the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League in 1977.", "title": "Southern Ontario Junior A Hockey League" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Växjö Lakers Hockey Club (often referred to as the Växjö Lakers or VLH) is an ice hockey club from Växjö in Sweden. The club plays in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL; formerly Elitserien), the top-level league of Swedish ice hockey, and made its debut there in 2011–12. They play their home games in the Vida Arena. The club won the Swedish national championship in 2015 and 2018.", "title": "Växjö Lakers" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roy D. Schooley (April 13, 1880 – November 13, 1933) was a former hockey referee who later became the manager of both Duquesne Gardens, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and the Pittsburgh Yellow Jackets of the United States Amateur Hockey Association. In 1925, the Yellow Jackets hockey club, evolved into the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National Hockey League. On March 16, 1920 at the Duquesne Gardens, he helped found USA Hockey, the governing body for amateur ice hockey in the United States. That same year, he assembled the first U.S. Olympic Hockey Team which won a silver medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium and is credited with helping to foster the growth of hockey in the country.", "title": "Roy Schooley" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "HC Etro 92 Veliko Tarnovo was an ice hockey team in Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria. The club was founded in 1992. They played in the Bulgarian Hockey League in the 1998-99 and 2000-01 seasons. The club later returned to play in the Balkan League in the 2008-09 through 2010-11 seasons.", "title": "HC Etro 92 Veliko Tarnovo" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Västerås IK (\"Västerås IK Hockey Klubb\") is an ice hockey club from Västerås, Sweden. The team is currently playing in the second-tier league in Sweden, Hockeyallsvenskan. Västerås IK played 12 seasons in the top Swedish league Elitserien (1988–89 to 1999–00) before the club went bankrupt and merged with the junior club (Västerås IK Ungdom), which changed name to VIK Västerås HK in 2005. In 2018, after playing a year in tier three, Hockeyettan, the club changed it name back to the old name Västerås IK.", "title": "VIK Västerås HK" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 3, 1875, the Rink hosted what has been recognized as the first organized ice hockey game, between members of the Victoria Skating Club, organized by Creighton. The match lays claim to this distinction because of factors which establish its link to modern ice hockey: it featured two teams (nine players per side) with a recorded score. Games prior to this had mostly been outdoors. In order to limit injuries to spectators and damage to glass windows, the game was played with a ``flat block of wood ''instead of a lacrosse ball. The two teams, members of the club, included a number of McGill University students. Sticks for this game were imported from Nova Scotia. This first game was pre-announced to the general public in the pages of The Montreal Gazette:", "title": "First indoor ice hockey game" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Oti Fossae is a group of fossae (troughs) in the Phoenicis Lacus quadrangle on Mars, located at 9.3° S and 116.8° W. It is 370 km long and was named after a classical albedo feature.", "title": "Oti Fossae" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In South Africa, a \"two apex\" system existed from 1994 to 2013. The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) was created in 1994 and replaced the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa as the highest court of appeal in non-constitutional matters. The SCA is subordinate to the Constitutional Court, which is the highest court in matters involving the interpretation and application of the Constitution. But in August 2013 the Constitution was amended to make the Constitutional Court the country's single apex court, superior to the SCA in all matters, both constitutional and non-constitutional.", "title": "Supreme court" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roanoke Island was the site of the 16th - century Roanoke Colony, the first English colony in the New World. It was located in what was then called Virginia, named in honor of England's ruling monarch and ``Virgin Queen '', Elizabeth I. From 1584 to 1590 there were six expeditions to the area and two groups of colonists who attempted to establish a colony there, both groups failed.", "title": "Roanoke Island" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The club's official name is le Club de hockey Canadien. The team is frequently referred to in English and French as the Habs. French nicknames for the team include Les Canadiens (or Le Canadien), Le Bleu - Blanc - Rouge, La Sainte - Flanelle, Le Tricolore, Les Glorieux (or Nos Glorieux), Le CH, Le Grand Club and Les Habitants (from which ``Habs ''is derived).", "title": "Montreal Canadiens" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "SCA Group (Social Care in Action) is a social enterprise health and social care organisation based in Southampton, Hampshire, England. It operates across the south coast of England.", "title": "SCA Group" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The North Finland Group () was a formation of the Finnish Army during the Winter War. It was responsible for an almost 800-kilometer-long border from the town of Lieksa to the Arctic Ocean. The group was under the command of Major General Wiljo Tuompo, and its headquarters was located in Kajaani.", "title": "North Finland Group" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bukomansimbi District is a district in Central Uganda. The district is named after its main municipal center, Bukomansimbi, the location of the district headquarters.", "title": "Bukomansimbi District" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On July 26, 1931, at a convention in Columbus, Ohio, Rutherford introduced the new name—Jehovah's witnesses—based on Isaiah 43:10: \"Ye are my witnesses, saith Jehovah, and my servant whom I have chosen\"—which was adopted by resolution. The name was chosen to distinguish his group of Bible Students from other independent groups that had severed ties with the Society, as well as symbolize the instigation of new outlooks and the promotion of fresh evangelizing methods. In 1932, Rutherford eliminated the system of locally elected elders and in 1938, introduced what he called a \"theocratic\" (literally, God-ruled) organizational system, under which appointments in congregations worldwide were made from the Brooklyn headquarters.", "title": "Jehovah's Witnesses" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Houston's Restaurant is an upscale American casual dining restaurant chain, owned by Hillstone Restaurant Group, whose main corporate headquarters is in Beverly Hills, California. There are 51 Hillstone locations in 13 states.", "title": "Houston's Restaurant" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2001–02 Japan Ice Hockey League season was the 36th season of the Japan Ice Hockey League. Six teams participated in the league, and Kokudo Ice Hockey Club won the championship.", "title": "2001–02 Japan Ice Hockey League season" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "999: What's Your Emergency? Series 1 titles Genre Reality television, Documentary Narrated by Hugo Speer (2012) Julian Barratt (2013) Hugo Speer (2016) Country of origin United Kingdom Original language (s) British English No. of series No. of episodes 18 (16 aired) Production Executive producer (s) Ed Coulthard (2012 - 2013) Simon Ford (2012 - 2013) Guy Davies (2013) Producer (s) Daniel Fromm (2012) Mark Jones (2012) Ally Roberts (2013) Location (s) Blackpool (2012) Various (2013) Cheshire (2016) Running time 60 minutes Production company (s) Blast! Release Original network Channel 4 Original release 10 September 2012 -- present External links 999: What's Your Emergency? www.channel4.com/programmes/999-whats-your-emergency", "title": "999: What's Your Emergency?" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Birchgrove Park is a park and sports ground located in Birchgrove, New South Wales on the waterfront of Sydney Harbour. It is the location of Birchgrove Oval, the headquarters of the Sydney Cricket Club from 1897 to 1947 and a historic rugby league football ground which served as the original home of the Balmain Tigers club.", "title": "Birchgrove Park" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pavelló del Club Patí Vic is an indoor arena located in Vic, Catalonia, Spain. This venue was one of the hosts for the demonstration roller hockey competitions at the 1992 Summer Olympics. It's the home place of CP Vic.", "title": "Pavelló del Club Patí Vic" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The city hockey club, Southampton Hockey Club, founded in 1938, is now one of the largest and highly regarded clubs in Hampshire, fielding 7 senior men's and 5 senior ladies teams on a weekly basis along with boys’ and girls’ teams from 6 upwards.", "title": "Southampton" } ]	What's the name of the hockey club in the region where the SCA Group is headquartered?	Southampton Hockey Club	[]	Title: Oti Fossae Passage: Oti Fossae is a group of fossae (troughs) in the Phoenicis Lacus quadrangle on Mars, located at 9.3° S and 116.8° W. It is 370 km long and was named after a classical albedo feature. Title: SCA Group Passage: SCA Group (Social Care in Action) is a social enterprise health and social care organisation based in Southampton, Hampshire, England. It operates across the south coast of England. Title: Bukomansimbi District Passage: Bukomansimbi District is a district in Central Uganda. The district is named after its main municipal center, Bukomansimbi, the location of the district headquarters. Title: First indoor ice hockey game Passage: On March 3, 1875, the Rink hosted what has been recognized as the first organized ice hockey game, between members of the Victoria Skating Club, organized by Creighton. The match lays claim to this distinction because of factors which establish its link to modern ice hockey: it featured two teams (nine players per side) with a recorded score. Games prior to this had mostly been outdoors. In order to limit injuries to spectators and damage to glass windows, the game was played with a ``flat block of wood ''instead of a lacrosse ball. The two teams, members of the club, included a number of McGill University students. Sticks for this game were imported from Nova Scotia. This first game was pre-announced to the general public in the pages of The Montreal Gazette: Title: Southampton Passage: The city hockey club, Southampton Hockey Club, founded in 1938, is now one of the largest and highly regarded clubs in Hampshire, fielding 7 senior men's and 5 senior ladies teams on a weekly basis along with boys’ and girls’ teams from 6 upwards. Title: Birchgrove Park Passage: Birchgrove Park is a park and sports ground located in Birchgrove, New South Wales on the waterfront of Sydney Harbour. It is the location of Birchgrove Oval, the headquarters of the Sydney Cricket Club from 1897 to 1947 and a historic rugby league football ground which served as the original home of the Balmain Tigers club.	[ "SCA Group", "Southampton" ]
2hop__805677_51671	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji)", "title": "Rahimtulla M. Sayani" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sadashiva Tripathy (1910–1980) was an Indian politician, a leader of the Indian National Congress political party and the Chief Minister of Odisha from 21 February 1965 to 8 March 1967.", "title": "Sadashiva Tripathy" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is \"guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin.\" The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the \"leading force of society and of the state\".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office.", "title": "Cuba" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In August 2015, prior to the 2015 leadership election, the Labour Party reported 292,505 full members, 147,134 affiliated supporters (mostly from affiliated trade unions and socialist societies) and 110,827 registered supporters; a total of about 550,000 members and supporters. As of June 2016, a few days after the 2017 General Election, the party had approximately 552,000 full members, making it the largest political party in Western Europe.", "title": "Labour Party (UK)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party, he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President.", "title": "Aliu Mahama" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "He was educated at Rajkumar College, Raipur and at Mayo College, Ajmer. He became the Raja of Ramgarh in 1919 upon death of his father, Raja Lakshmi Narain Singh. He formed his own political party (Janta Party of Ramgarh) and was a prominent leader in Bihar at that time. His family (Narain Raj Parivar) was the first family in India to use helicopters in election campaign. He served as the Vice-President of the Bihar Landholder's Association and the All India Kshatriya Mahasabha. He was also Member of the Managing Committee and General Council of Rajkumar College; Member of the Executive Body of the Bihar War Committee. He served as president of Akhil Bharatiya Kshatriya Mahasabha in 1943 and 1953.", "title": "Kamakhya Narain Singh" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yadav Shivram Mahajan (born at Himgona, Jalgaon district, Maharashtra, 22 November 1911) was a member of the 4th Lok Sabha of India from the Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra elected in 1970 by-elections and a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party.", "title": "Yadav Shivram Mahajan" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections", "title": "Ontario Libertarian Party" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court \"alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session.\"The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. \"International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair.\" The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform.", "title": "Dominican Republic" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "René Souchon (born 12 March 1943 in Le Malzieu-Ville, Lozère) is the regional president of the French region of Auvergne. He was first elected in 2006. He is a member of the Socialist Party.", "title": "René Souchon" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance.", "title": "Speaker of the Lok Sabha" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 2020, scheduled for Tuesday, November 3, 2020, will be the 59th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. Voters will select presidential electors who in turn will either elect a new president and vice president through the electoral college or reelect the incumbents. The series of presidential primary elections and caucuses are likely to be held during the first six months of 2020. This nominating process is also an indirect election, where voters cast ballots selecting a slate of delegates to a political party's nominating convention, who then in turn elect their party's presidential nominee.", "title": "2020 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973. While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998.", "title": "Sushil Koirala" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Friedrich Ebert Foundation (\"German: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung; Abbreviation: FES\") is a German political foundation associated with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), yet independent of it. Established in 1925 as the political legacy of Friedrich Ebert, Germany's first democratically elected President, it is the largest and oldest of the German party-associated foundations. It is headquartered in Bonn and Berlin, and has offices and projects in over 100 countries. It is Germany's oldest organisation to promote democracy, political education, and promote students of outstanding intellectual abilities and personality.", "title": "Friedrich Ebert Foundation" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dr Marek Henryk Migalski (born 14 January 1969 in Racibórz) is a Polish politician, Member of the European Parliament, political scientist, and columnist. A member of Poland Comes First (PjN), Migalski was elected to the European Parliament at the 2009 election for Law and Justice (PiS). He never joined the party, and his open criticism of PiS leader Jarosław Kaczyński led to his expulsion from the party's group and the creation of the more moderate PjN in late 2010.", "title": "Marek Migalski" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "K. Avukader Kutty Naha, was an Indian Union Muslim League Leader and former Deputy Chief Minister of Kerala. He was born in February 1920 to Shri Kunjikoyanutty Haji. He started his political life after his schooling through Indian Union Muslim League. During the political career, he served as Vice-President, Indian Union Muslim League, Kerala State Committee, and President, Kerala State Swathanthra Thozhilali Union. He had been elected also as a member of the Malabar District Board in 1954.", "title": "K. Avukader Kutty Naha" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National League for Democracy (Burmese: အမျိုးသား ဒီမိုကရေစီ အဖွဲ့ချုပ်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá dìmòkəɹèsì ʔəpʰwḛdʑoʊʔ]; abbreviated NLD) is a social-democratic and liberal democratic political party in Myanmar (Burma), currently serving as the governing party. Founded on 27 September 1988, it has become one of the most influential parties in Myanmar's pro-democracy movement. Aung San Suu Kyi, the Special Honorary President of the Socialist International and a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, serves as its President and she is currently serving as State Counsellor of Myanmar. The party won a substantial parliamentary majority in the 1990 Burmese general election. However, the ruling military junta refused to recognise the result. On 6 May 2010, the party was declared illegal and ordered to be disbanded by the junta after refusing to register for the elections slated for November 2010. In November 2011, the NLD announced its intention to register as a political party to contend future elections, and Myanmar's Union Election Commission approved their application for registration on 13 December 2011.In the 2012 by-elections, the NLD contested 44 of the 45 available seats; winning 43, and losing only one seat to the SNDP. Party leader Aung San Suu Kyi won the seat of Kawhmu.In the 2015 general election, the NLD won a supermajority in both houses of the Assembly, paving the way for the country's first non-military president in 54 years.", "title": "National League for Democracy" } ]	Who was the first Muslim elected as president of the political party Sadashiva Tripathy is a member of?	Badruddin Tayyab Ji	[]	Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017. Title: Sadashiva Tripathy Passage: Sadashiva Tripathy (1910–1980) was an Indian politician, a leader of the Indian National Congress political party and the Chief Minister of Odisha from 21 February 1965 to 8 March 1967. Title: Aliu Mahama Passage: Alhaji Aliu Mahama (3 March 1946 – 16 November 2012) was a Ghanaian politician who was Vice-President of Ghana from 7 January 2001 to 7 January 2009. A member of the New Patriotic Party, he was Ghana's first Muslim Vice-President. Title: Cuba Passage: The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is "guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin." The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the "leading force of society and of the state".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office. Title: Ontario Libertarian Party Passage: Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections Title: Rahimtulla M. Sayani Passage: Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji)	[ "Rahimtulla M. Sayani", "Sadashiva Tripathy" ]
2hop__97582_53910	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Dennis Keathley (March 10, 1917 – September 14, 1944) was a staff sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions during World War II.", "title": "George D. Keathley" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Quartermaster Sergeant David H. Scofield, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on 19 October 1864, while serving with Company K, 5th New York Cavalry, in action at Cedar Creek, Virginia, for capture of flag of 13th Virginia Infantry (Confederate States of America).\"", "title": "David H. Scofield" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sergeant First Class Agustín Ramos Calero (June 2, 1919 – February 10, 1989) was awarded 22 decorations and medals from the U.S. Army for his actions during World War II, thus becoming the most decorated Puerto Rican and Hispanic soldier in the United States military during that war.", "title": "Agustín Ramos Calero" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William Westerhold (January 21, 1836 – May 12, 1910) was a sergeant in the United States Army during the American Civil War. He received a Medal of Honor, the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government, for his actions at the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House on May 12, 1864.", "title": "William Westerhold" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Stubby has been called the most decorated war dog of World War I, and the only dog to be nominated for rank and then promoted to sergeant through combat, a claim having no official documentary evidence, but recognized in connection with an exhibition at the Smithsonian Institution.", "title": "Sergeant Stubby" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "David Sprowle (born 1811) was an orderly sergeant serving in the United States Marine Corps during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "title": "David Sprowle" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Marquette (1845–1907) was a Sergeant in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the American Civil War.", "title": "Charles Marquette" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "USS \"Western Light\" (ID-3300) was a cargo ship of the United States Navy that served during World War I and its immediate aftermath.`", "title": "USS Western Light (ID-3300)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Truman O. Olson (October 13, 1917 – January 31, 1944) was a United States Army sergeant who was posthumously awarded the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in World War II.", "title": "Truman O. Olson" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert A. Belet (1914–1942) was a United States Marine Corps master technical sergeant who received a Silver Star for his actions in the Guadalcanal campaign during World War II.", "title": "Robert A. Belet" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "M. Waldo Hatler (January 6, 1894 - August 31, 1967) was a Sergeant in the United States Army during World War I who received the Medal of Honor for heroism near Pouilly, France, November 8, 1918.", "title": "M. Waldo Hatler" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League.", "title": "Woodrow Wilson" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John Henry Owen \"Busty\" Brown DCM (died 1964) was a Quartermaster Sergeant in the Royal Artillery in the British Army, who served in France at the beginning of the Second World War. He was one of Britain's most successful espionage agents as a prisoner of war following his capture by German forces, and, following the war's conclusion, acted as a prosecution witness in trials for treason.", "title": "John Brown (British Army soldier)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the 1860s, the Copperheads were a vocal faction of Democrats in the Northern United States of the Union who opposed the American Civil War and wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates.", "title": "Copperhead (politics)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Richards was 35 years old, and a sergeant in the 1st Battalion, The Lancashire Fusiliers, British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.", "title": "Alfred Joseph Richards" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Ernest \"Buck\" Karnes was a Sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for his actions near Estrees, France on October 8, 1918 during World War I.", "title": "James Ernest Karnes" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.", "title": "James Buchanan" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles W. Ray (August 6, 1872 - March 23, 1959) was a sergeant in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his actions in the Philippine-American War.", "title": "Charles W. Ray" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sydney G. Gumpertz (October 24, 1879 - February 16, 1971) was a United States Army First Sergeant and recipient to the highest military decoration for valor in combat — the Medal of Honor — during World War I.", "title": "Sydney G. Gumpertz" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrew Johnson Cummins (December 6, 1868 – September 15, 1923) was a sergeant serving in the United States Army during the Spanish–American War who received the Medal of Honor for bravery.", "title": "Andrew J. Cummins" } ]	Who was President of the United States immediately following the war Sergeant Stubby participated in?	Thomas Woodrow Wilson	[ "Woodrow Wilson" ]	Title: Copperhead (politics) Passage: In the 1860s, the Copperheads were a vocal faction of Democrats in the Northern United States of the Union who opposed the American Civil War and wanted an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates. Title: Woodrow Wilson Passage: Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League. Title: M. Waldo Hatler Passage: M. Waldo Hatler (January 6, 1894 - August 31, 1967) was a Sergeant in the United States Army during World War I who received the Medal of Honor for heroism near Pouilly, France, November 8, 1918. Title: Charles Marquette Passage: Charles Marquette (1845–1907) was a Sergeant in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the American Civil War. Title: Sergeant Stubby Passage: Stubby has been called the most decorated war dog of World War I, and the only dog to be nominated for rank and then promoted to sergeant through combat, a claim having no official documentary evidence, but recognized in connection with an exhibition at the Smithsonian Institution. Title: James Buchanan Passage: James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.	[ "Sergeant Stubby", "Woodrow Wilson" ]
2hop__159068_55877	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arthur Hanlon is an American pianist, songwriter and arranger widely regarded as the best-known instrumentalist in the Latin music realm. Born to Irish-American parents, he hails from Detroit, Michigan, but found his calling in Latin music and has received widespread recognition in that realm, becoming the first pianist to reach the \"Billboard\" Latin airplay charts in more than a decade and the first to have a No. 1 on \"Billboard\"s Tropical Airplay chart. Arthur's latest project is \"Viajero,\" a CD and DVD documenting his travels through eight countries—Argentina, Colombia, Brazil, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Mexico and Cuba. In Miami, Arthur recorded an iconic Latin track in each song and his travels were documented by a traveling film crew. \"Viajero\" mini-docs premiered on American Airlines flights and the album \"Viajero,\" the first for Arthur on Sony Music Latin, was released in mid-2016.", "title": "Arthur Hanlon" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the United States, new episodes are broadcast by Fox. Internationally, the series is shown on Seven Network in Australia, City (season 1) and CTV (season 2) in Canada, and on Universal TV in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In Latin America, the series is broadcast by Fox's Latin America counterpart. Episodes can be watched next day on the network's website. Hulu currently owns the SVOD rights to the series, and individual episodes, or the season as a whole, are available for purchase on Amazon and iTunes. The first season DVD set was made available for pre-order in June 2018 through Amazon and is set to be released on October 2, 2018.", "title": "The Resident (TV series)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "School Spirits is an American paranormal television series which airs on the Syfy channel. The first season premiered on June 20, 2012. The series features alleged paranormal encounters told through reenactments that are based on occurrences at schools and universities in America.", "title": "School Spirits" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 21, 2016, BBC America renewed the series for a 10 - episode second season which premiered on 14 October 2017.", "title": "Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency (TV series)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The fourth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 23, 2009. Country singer Kevin Skinner was named the winner on September 16, 2009. This season is the first season to be broadcast in high definition.", "title": "America's Got Talent (season 4)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aliados is a unit of Argentine television created and produced by Cris Morena aired by the network Telefe in Argentina and by the FOX Network to the rest of Latin America. It's aimed at teen and youth audiences. The premiere, which was planned for June 10, 2013, was delayed to June 26, 2013. This show marks the return of producer Cris Morena to television after two years, when her production company closed at the end the telenovela Casi Ángeles, because of the death of her daughter Romina Yan. The series airs in 18 countries, including Israel and some in Europe. The season 1 is composed of 23 episodes for television and 126 webisodes online which are parts from the television episodes.", "title": "Aliados" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1960s brought anime to television and in America. The first anime film to be broadcast was Three Tales in 1960. The following year saw the premiere of Japan's first animated television series, Instant History, although it did not consist entirely of animation. Osamu Tezuka's Tetsuwan Atom (Astro Boy) is often miscredited as the first anime television series, premiering on January 1, 1963. Astro Boy was highly influential to other anime in the 1960s, and was followed by a large number of anime about robots or space.", "title": "History of anime" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Café, con aroma de mujer (\"Coffee, with the scent of a woman\") is a 1994 Colombian telenovela, produced by then programming company RCN TV on state-owned Canal A. It was written and created by Fernando Gaitán. It was broadcast in several countries throughout Latin America, North America and Europe.", "title": "Café, con aroma de mujer" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Jo\" premiered in Italy on Fox Crime on January 17, 2013 where it was a ratings success, garnering twice the number of viewers as \"Borgia\", and has since been broadcast in several other European countries and across Latin America and southern Africa, with its debut in an English speaking country set for May 19 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Among the partner channels, it premiered in Belgium on La Une on April 18, 2013 and a week later in France on TF1. A second season was initially expected with the first having been a ratings success and Jean Reno having signed for two seasons from the get-go, however it was later announced in early June 2013 that TF1 had cancelled the show.", "title": "Jo (TV series)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In Canada, Prison Break was broadcast on Global one hour before it aired on Fox, except in the Maritimes where it aired two hours before Fox's airing. Prison Break was the only new television series to be positioned in the top twenty television shows of 2005–2006 in Canada, achieving an average of 876,000 viewers in the key demographic of 18–49 and 1.4 million viewers nationally for its first season. Prison Break premiered on Australian television network Seven on February 1, 2006, to an average audience of 1.94 million. The first season attracted an overall average of 1.353 million viewers. After decreasing ratings throughout the second season, Seven decided to fast-track the airing of the third-season episodes. The fifth season revival moved to Network Ten and debuted on May 15, 2017.The first and second seasons premiered in the UK on Five, with the first season being replayed on UKTV Gold before the second season debuted on Five. Prior to the start of the third season, Sky One acquired the rights to broadcast Prison Break, paying £500,000 per episode. The series premiered in France on August 31, 2006, with an average of 5.5 million viewers. The second season premiered on September 13, 2007, to 5.3 million viewers. The first season's broadcast in Hong Kong on TVB Pearl received the largest audience in the country for a foreign drama. The series premiere obtained an average of 260,000 viewers while the first-season finale obtained an average of 470,000 viewers. The second season's premiere received an average of 270,000 viewers.", "title": "Prison Break" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Elsewhere in the Americas, French settlement took place in the 16th to 20th centuries. They can be found in Haiti, Cuba (refugees from the Haitian Revolution) and Uruguay. The Betancourt political families who influenced Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Puerto Rico, Bolivia and Panama have some French ancestry.", "title": "French people" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It is classified as a Beta World City, ranking seventh in Latin America and 73rd in the world. Described as a \"vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life\", and \"a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture\", Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. By 2014, is also regarded as the fifth most gay-friendly major city in the world, first in Latin America. It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million.", "title": "Montevideo" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sueña Conmigo (in English \"Dream With Me\") is an original telenovela produced by Nickelodeon Latin America, Illusion Studios and Televisa. This is the 5th Latin American production for Nickelodeon. The first announcement was after the last episode of the telenovela of the same channel \"Isa TK+\". In Hispanic America, the sneak preview was on July 20, 2010, the official release was on August 23, 2010.", "title": "Sueña Conmigo" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season will premiere on June 15, 2018 and will consist of seven episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys.", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Winter Is Coming\" is the series premiere episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\". The first episode of the first season, it was written by the show creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, in a faithful adaptation of the first chapters of George R. R. Martin's book \"A Game of Thrones\". The episode was directed by Tim Van Patten, redoing the work done by director Tom McCarthy in an unaired pilot.", "title": "Winter Is Coming" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union, Latin America, Slovenia and Italy. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. A seventh season premiered on August 10, 2018 and consists of thirteen episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. The eighth and final season will premiere on December 14, 2018, and will consist of of thirteen episodes.", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America. The term originated in the Napoleon III French government in the mid-19th century as Amérique latine to consider French - speaking territories in the Americas, (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish - speaking portions of the United States (the Southwest and Florida.) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico and Miami) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America.", "title": "Latin America" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016 and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017 and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017 and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017 and consisted of 6 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures and other toys.", "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Caged is an American reality television series which aired on MTV. It focuses on a group of young up and coming mixed martial arts fighters in small town Minden, Louisiana. The series premiered on January 9, 2012 on MTV and ran for 10 episodes on its first and only season.", "title": "Caged (TV series)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They Met in Argentina is a 1941 American film directed by Leslie Goodwins and Jack Hively for RKO Pictures. Hively had to come in and finish the picture after Goodwins was hospitalized for pneumonia. Maureen O'Hara plays an Argentinian who falls in love with a Texan (James Ellison), who is attempting to buy a racehorse from her father. It was one of a number of Hollywood films from the 1940s produced to reflect America's \"Good Neighbor policy\" towards Latin American countries. \"They Met in Argentina\" was not well received by audiences, critics, or the Argentine government.", "title": "They Met in Argentina" } ]	When did the country where Prison Break premiered first come to Latin America?	16th to 20th centuries	[]	Title: French people Passage: Elsewhere in the Americas, French settlement took place in the 16th to 20th centuries. They can be found in Haiti, Cuba (refugees from the Haitian Revolution) and Uruguay. The Betancourt political families who influenced Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Puerto Rico, Bolivia and Panama have some French ancestry. Title: Sueña Conmigo Passage: Sueña Conmigo (in English "Dream With Me") is an original telenovela produced by Nickelodeon Latin America, Illusion Studios and Televisa. This is the 5th Latin American production for Nickelodeon. The first announcement was after the last episode of the telenovela of the same channel "Isa TK+". In Hispanic America, the sneak preview was on July 20, 2010, the official release was on August 23, 2010. Title: Latin America Passage: Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America. The term originated in the Napoleon III French government in the mid-19th century as Amérique latine to consider French - speaking territories in the Americas, (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish - speaking portions of the United States (the Southwest and Florida.) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico and Miami) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America. Title: Montevideo Passage: It is classified as a Beta World City, ranking seventh in Latin America and 73rd in the world. Described as a "vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life", and "a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture", Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. By 2014, is also regarded as the fifth most gay-friendly major city in the world, first in Latin America. It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million. Title: Prison Break Passage: In Canada, Prison Break was broadcast on Global one hour before it aired on Fox, except in the Maritimes where it aired two hours before Fox's airing. Prison Break was the only new television series to be positioned in the top twenty television shows of 2005–2006 in Canada, achieving an average of 876,000 viewers in the key demographic of 18–49 and 1.4 million viewers nationally for its first season. Prison Break premiered on Australian television network Seven on February 1, 2006, to an average audience of 1.94 million. The first season attracted an overall average of 1.353 million viewers. After decreasing ratings throughout the second season, Seven decided to fast-track the airing of the third-season episodes. The fifth season revival moved to Network Ten and debuted on May 15, 2017.The first and second seasons premiered in the UK on Five, with the first season being replayed on UKTV Gold before the second season debuted on Five. Prior to the start of the third season, Sky One acquired the rights to broadcast Prison Break, paying £500,000 per episode. The series premiered in France on August 31, 2006, with an average of 5.5 million viewers. The second season premiered on September 13, 2007, to 5.3 million viewers. The first season's broadcast in Hong Kong on TVB Pearl received the largest audience in the country for a foreign drama. The series premiere obtained an average of 260,000 viewers while the first-season finale obtained an average of 470,000 viewers. The second season's premiere received an average of 270,000 viewers. Title: History of anime Passage: The 1960s brought anime to television and in America. The first anime film to be broadcast was Three Tales in 1960. The following year saw the premiere of Japan's first animated television series, Instant History, although it did not consist entirely of animation. Osamu Tezuka's Tetsuwan Atom (Astro Boy) is often miscredited as the first anime television series, premiering on January 1, 1963. Astro Boy was highly influential to other anime in the 1960s, and was followed by a large number of anime about robots or space.	[ "Prison Break", "French people" ]
2hop__519168_58935	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "WIBR (1300 AM) was an ESPN Radio affiliated sports talk radio station licensed to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The station broadcast with power of 5,000 watts day, 1,000 watts night and was owned by Citadel Broadcasting Corporation. Its studios are located downtown and the transmitter tower is in Port Allen, Louisiana.", "title": "WIBR" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WRQY is a broadcast radio station licensed to Moundsville, West Virginia, serving Wheeling in West Virginia and St. Clairsville in Ohio. WRQY is owned and operated by FM Radio Licenses, LLC.", "title": "WRQY" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WSME (1120 AM) is an Eastern North Carolina radio station broadcasting an oldies format. The station is licensed to the town of Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, serving the Jacksonville area. The station is licensed to B&M Broadcasting LLC. WSME also simulcasts via an FM translator (W246CJ), at 97.1 FM.", "title": "WSME" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WBSC (1550 AM) was a commercial radio station licensed to serve the community of Bennettsville, South Carolina. WBSC was last owned and operated by D-Mitch Broadcasting, Inc. The station, established in June 1947, fell silent in October 2011 and had its broadcast license revoked by the Federal Communications Commission in November 2012.", "title": "WBSC (AM)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WSPD (1370 AM) is a news-talk radio station licensed to Toledo, Ohio. WSPD broadcasts on a full-time basis with 5,000 watts, including a directional signal pattern at night. The station is currently owned by iHeartMedia, Inc..", "title": "WSPD" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John G. Veres III is an American academic, and chancellor of Auburn University at Montgomery, the metropolitan campus of Auburn University.", "title": "John Veres" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KCNW (1380 AM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Fairway, Kansas. The station broadcasts a religious radio format to the Kansas City metropolitan area with a 2,500-watt daytime and 29-watt nighttime signal. KCNW is owned by Wilkins Communication Network and the broadcast license is held by Kansas City Radio, Inc.", "title": "KCNW" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KHQN (1480 AM) is a spiritual radio station licensed to serve the community of Spanish Fork, Utah. The station's broadcast license is held by SACE Broadcasting Corporation.", "title": "KHQN" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Voice of the Cape is a Muslim community radio station based in Cape Town, South Africa. The first Muslim radio station in South Africa, the station started broadcasting on a special license in 1995 for the month of Ramadaan. Entirely community-owned and independent, its license is held by the Muslim Broadcasting Corporation.", "title": "Voice of the Cape" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This series was the last to be broadcast on BBC One, as the production company Love Productions opted to move the show to Channel 4. It was also the last series on the show for Sue Perkins and Mel Giedroyc, as they decided to leave as presenters of the show. It is also the last series of the show to feature Mary Berry as a judge. This series was won by Candice Brown, with Andrew Smyth and Jane Beedle finishing as runners - up.", "title": "The Great British Bake Off (series 7)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KYDS is a Sacramento, California, radio station with the frequency 91.5. It is maintained at El Camino Fundamental High School and select students from the school are allowed to participate in its operation. \"KYDS\"'s original inception was in 1976 where it broadcast only to the school cafeteria during lunch hour. \"KYDS\" originally got its FCC broadcast license in 1978 as one of the last Class \"D\" licensed FM stations in the country. The station went on the air with 10 watts of power (transmitter power output, not effective radiated power), into a 4-bay antenna and broadcast a monaural signal that effectively covered a 5-mile radius.", "title": "KYDS" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WANT is an FM radio station licensed to Lebanon, Tennessee, broadcasting at 98.9 MHz. Most of WANT's broadcast day is simulcast over 1490 AM WCOR, with some exceptions.", "title": "WANT" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "No. Date Location Winner Score 28 1993 Baton Rouge, LA Auburn 34 -- 10 29 1994 Auburn, AL # 11 Auburn 30 -- 26 30 1995 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 12 -- 6 31 Auburn, AL # 21 LSU 19 -- 15 32 1997 Baton Rouge, LA # 12 Auburn 31 -- 28 33 1998 Auburn, AL # 7 LSU 31 -- 19 34 1999 Baton Rouge, LA # 24 Auburn 41 -- 7 35 2000 Auburn, AL # 25 Auburn 34 -- 17 36 2001 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 27 -- 14 37 2002 Auburn, AL Auburn 31 -- 7 38 2003 Baton Rouge, LA # 9 LSU 31 -- 7 39 Auburn, AL # 14 Auburn 10 -- 9 40 2005 Baton Rouge, LA # 7 LSU 20 -- 17 41 2006 Auburn, AL # 3 Auburn 7 -- 3 42 2007 Baton Rouge, LA # 5 LSU 30 -- 24 43 2008 Auburn, AL # 6 LSU 26 -- 21 44 2009 Baton Rouge, LA # 10 LSU 31 -- 10 45 Auburn, AL # 5 Auburn 24 -- 17 46 2011 Baton Rouge, LA # 1 LSU 45 -- 10 47 2012 Auburn, AL # 2 LSU 12 -- 10 48 2013 Baton Rouge, LA # 6 LSU 35 -- 21 49 2014 Auburn, AL # 5 Auburn 41 -- 7 50 2015 Baton Rouge, LA # 13 LSU 45 -- 21 51 2016 Auburn, AL Auburn 18 -- 13 52 2017 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 27 -- 23 Series: LSU leads 29 -- 22 -- 1", "title": "Auburn–LSU football rivalry" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WMSG is a Classic Hits formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Oakland, Maryland, serving Oakland and Garrett County, Maryland. WMSG is owned and operated by Broadcast Communications II, Inc.", "title": "WMSG" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KDBS (1410 AM, ESPN Alexandria) is an American radio station broadcasting a sports talk format. The station is licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to serve the community of Alexandria, Louisiana. The station is licensed to and operated by Cenla Broadcasting. KDBS' studios and transmitter are located separately in Alexandria.", "title": "KDBS" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WYPM is an American public radio formatted broadcast radio station affiliated with National Public Radio. WYPM is licensed to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, serving the Chambersburg/Greencastle area. It is a full-time satellite of WITF-FM in Harrisburg.", "title": "WYPM" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WLLF, whose license was first issued in March 1984, signed on in January 1985 as WKTX. It was purchased in August 1990 by Mercer County Broadcasting, headed by Patrick Engrao. For a time, this station was the co-owned sister of WKTX (AM 830) in Cortland, Ohio.", "title": "WLLF" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KLIF-FM (93.3 FM, branded as \"\"Hot 93.3\"\") is a radio station licensed to serve Haltom City, Texas, United States. The station is owned by Cumulus Media, and the broadcast license is held by Radio License Holding SRC LLC. It broadcasts a CHR music format to the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex in Texas. The station's studios are located in the Victory Park district in Dallas just north of downtown, and the transmitter site is in West Dallas near the I-30/Loop 12 interchange.", "title": "KLIF-FM" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Denby was a 24-time All-American at Auburn University between the years of 2004 and 2008. In 2006 and 2007 the Auburn University Women's Swimming and Diving team took home the NCAA National Team title.", "title": "Kara Denby" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "WJHX (620 AM) was an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Lexington, Alabama. The station was last owned by Bar Broadcasting, Inc.", "title": "WJHX" } ]	When is the last time Auburn won in the US city to which WIBR is licensed to broadcast?	1999	[]	Title: WLLF Passage: WLLF, whose license was first issued in March 1984, signed on in January 1985 as WKTX. It was purchased in August 1990 by Mercer County Broadcasting, headed by Patrick Engrao. For a time, this station was the co-owned sister of WKTX (AM 830) in Cortland, Ohio. Title: WRQY Passage: WRQY is a broadcast radio station licensed to Moundsville, West Virginia, serving Wheeling in West Virginia and St. Clairsville in Ohio. WRQY is owned and operated by FM Radio Licenses, LLC. Title: WIBR Passage: WIBR (1300 AM) was an ESPN Radio affiliated sports talk radio station licensed to Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The station broadcast with power of 5,000 watts day, 1,000 watts night and was owned by Citadel Broadcasting Corporation. Its studios are located downtown and the transmitter tower is in Port Allen, Louisiana. Title: KLIF-FM Passage: KLIF-FM (93.3 FM, branded as ""Hot 93.3"") is a radio station licensed to serve Haltom City, Texas, United States. The station is owned by Cumulus Media, and the broadcast license is held by Radio License Holding SRC LLC. It broadcasts a CHR music format to the Dallas/Fort Worth metroplex in Texas. The station's studios are located in the Victory Park district in Dallas just north of downtown, and the transmitter site is in West Dallas near the I-30/Loop 12 interchange. Title: KYDS Passage: KYDS is a Sacramento, California, radio station with the frequency 91.5. It is maintained at El Camino Fundamental High School and select students from the school are allowed to participate in its operation. "KYDS"'s original inception was in 1976 where it broadcast only to the school cafeteria during lunch hour. "KYDS" originally got its FCC broadcast license in 1978 as one of the last Class "D" licensed FM stations in the country. The station went on the air with 10 watts of power (transmitter power output, not effective radiated power), into a 4-bay antenna and broadcast a monaural signal that effectively covered a 5-mile radius. Title: Auburn–LSU football rivalry Passage: No. Date Location Winner Score 28 1993 Baton Rouge, LA Auburn 34 -- 10 29 1994 Auburn, AL # 11 Auburn 30 -- 26 30 1995 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 12 -- 6 31 Auburn, AL # 21 LSU 19 -- 15 32 1997 Baton Rouge, LA # 12 Auburn 31 -- 28 33 1998 Auburn, AL # 7 LSU 31 -- 19 34 1999 Baton Rouge, LA # 24 Auburn 41 -- 7 35 2000 Auburn, AL # 25 Auburn 34 -- 17 36 2001 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 27 -- 14 37 2002 Auburn, AL Auburn 31 -- 7 38 2003 Baton Rouge, LA # 9 LSU 31 -- 7 39 Auburn, AL # 14 Auburn 10 -- 9 40 2005 Baton Rouge, LA # 7 LSU 20 -- 17 41 2006 Auburn, AL # 3 Auburn 7 -- 3 42 2007 Baton Rouge, LA # 5 LSU 30 -- 24 43 2008 Auburn, AL # 6 LSU 26 -- 21 44 2009 Baton Rouge, LA # 10 LSU 31 -- 10 45 Auburn, AL # 5 Auburn 24 -- 17 46 2011 Baton Rouge, LA # 1 LSU 45 -- 10 47 2012 Auburn, AL # 2 LSU 12 -- 10 48 2013 Baton Rouge, LA # 6 LSU 35 -- 21 49 2014 Auburn, AL # 5 Auburn 41 -- 7 50 2015 Baton Rouge, LA # 13 LSU 45 -- 21 51 2016 Auburn, AL Auburn 18 -- 13 52 2017 Baton Rouge, LA LSU 27 -- 23 Series: LSU leads 29 -- 22 -- 1	[ "WIBR", "Auburn–LSU football rivalry" ]
2hop__89126_11117	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shyambazar is a station of the Kolkata Metro located in the Shyambazar area. It is the fourth Metro station of Line 1 of Kolkata Metro from the north.", "title": "Shyambazar metro station" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.", "title": "Washington County, Wisconsin" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The trains operate at a frequency of one to two minutes to five to ten minutes between 05:00 and 00:00, depending upon the peak and off-peak hours. Trains operating within the network typically travel at speed up to 75 km/h (47 mph) and stop for about 20 seconds at each station. Automated station announcements are recorded in Hindi and English. Many stations have services such as ATMs, food outlets, cafés, convenience stores and mobile recharge. Eating, drinking, smoking and chewing gum are prohibited in the entire system. The Metro also has a sophisticated fire alarm system for advance warning in emergencies, and fire retardant material is used in trains as well as on the premises of stations. Navigation information is available on Google Maps. Since October 2010, the first coach of every train is reserved for women. However, last coaches are also reserved when the train changes tracks at the terminal stations in the Red, Green and Violet Lines. To make travelling by metro a smoother experience, Delhi Metro has launched its own official mobile app Delhi Metro Rail for smartphone users,(iPhone and Android) that will provide information on various facilities like the location of the nearest metro station, fare, parking availability, tourist spots near metro stations, security and emergency helpline numbers.", "title": "Delhi Metro" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Borpara is a locality in Bongaigaon, Assam, India, surrounded by localities of Mayapuri, Paglasthan and Chapaguri with nearest railway station at New Bongaigaon railway station.", "title": "Borpara, Bongaigaon" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thangunda is a panchayat village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. Administratively, Thangunda is under Yadgir Taluka of Yadgir District in Karnataka. The village of Thangunda is 12 km by road northwest of the town of Yadgir. The nearest rail station is Thangunda Railway Station two kilometres to the east, while the nearest railhead is in Yadgir.", "title": "Thangunda" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Delhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving New Delhi, Delhi, Gurgaon, Faridabad, Noida, and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro is the world's 12th largest metro system in terms of length. Delhi Metro was India's first modern public transportation system, which had revolutionised travel by providing a fast, reliable, safe, and comfortable means of transport. The network consists of six lines with a total length of 189.63 kilometres (117.83 miles) with 142 stations, of which 35 are underground, five are at-grade, and the remainder are elevated. All stations have escalators, elevators, and tactile tiles to guide the visually impaired from station entrances to trains. It has a combination of elevated, at-grade, and underground lines, and uses both broad gauge and standard gauge rolling stock. Four types of rolling stock are used: Mitsubishi-ROTEM Broad gauge, Bombardier MOVIA, Mitsubishi-ROTEM Standard gauge, and CAF Beasain Standard gauge.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Juhu is a neighbourhood of Mumbai. It is most famous for the sprawling Juhu Beach. It is surrounded by the Arabian Sea to the west, Versova to the north, Santacruz and Vile Parle to the east, and Khar to the south. Juhu is among the most affluent areas of the city and home to many Bollywood celebrities. The nearest railway stations are Santacruz, Andheri and Vile Parle on the Western Line and Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway. The nearest Metro Station is D.N Nagar. There are two minor B.E.S.T bus depots in Juhu.", "title": "Juhu" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Among all 17 railway stations in Nanjing, passenger rail service is mainly provided by Nanjing Railway Station and Nanjing South Railway Station, while other stations like Nanjing West Railway Station, Zhonghuamen Railway Station and Xianlin Railway Station serve minor roles. Nanjing Railway Station was first built in 1968. In 1999, On November 12, 1999, the station was burnt in a serious fire. Reconstruction of the station was finished on September 1, 2005. Nanjing South Railway Station, which is one of the 5 hub stations on Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway, has officially been claimed as the largest railway station in Asia and the second largest in the world in terms of GFA (Gross Floor Area). Construction of Nanjing South Station began on 10 January 2008. The station was opened for public service in 2011.", "title": "Nanjing" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Veliyanad is a small village in the Ernakulam District of the state of Kerala in southern India. It belongs to the Edakkattuvayal panjayat and Kanayannoor Taluk. The village is around 30 km from the city of Kochi. nearby city is piravom The nearest airport is Cochin International Airport. Piravom Road, Ernakulam Town and Ernakulam Junction Railway Stations are the closest major railway stations.", "title": "Veliyanad" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ängyplan metro station is a station on the green line of the Stockholm metro, located in Södra Ängby, Västerort. The station was inaugurated on 26 October 1952 as a part of the stretch between Hötorget and Vällingby. It was called Färjestadsvägen until 1961. The distance to Slussen is 12.4 km (7.705 miles).", "title": "Ängbyplan metro station" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The area lies on a stretch of the National Highway 1, which is part of the historic Grand Trunk Road and the Outer Ring Road of Delhi. It is at a walkable distance from ISBT Kashmere Gate. It is approachable through the Kashmeri Gate station of the Delhi Metro, lies on both the Red (Dilshad Garden - Rithala) and Yellow Lines (Samaypur Badli - HUDA City Centre). It is a transfer station between the Red Line on the highest upper level and the Yellow Line on the lowest level. The Vidhan Sabha metro station is 1.5 km away.", "title": "Majnu-ka-tilla" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kalkaji Mandir Metro Station is an interchange station of the Delhi Metro between Violet Line and Magenta Line. The interchange is situated in two levels - underground and elevated. There is seamless connection between the two lines, which allows commuters to change lines without requiring to exit from the ticketed area. It is located between Nehru Place and Govind Puri stations of the Violet Line, and between Nehru Enclave and Okhla NSIC stations of the Magenta Line. It provides access to tourist sites such as Kalkaji Mandir, Lotus Temple, Prachin Bhairav Mandir and ISKCON Temple which are situated very near to the station. The station was opened with the first section of the Line from Central Secretariat - Sarita Vihar on 3 October 2010, in time for the Commonwealth Games opening ceremony on the same day. The metro station also houses a departmental store. The interchange with Magenta Line was opened on 25 December 2017.", "title": "Kalkaji Mandir metro station" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Munroturuttu railway station or Mundrothuruthu railway station (Code:MQO) is an 'HG 2 Category' halt railway station, situated in between Perinad and Sasthamkotta railway stations of Kollam district in Kerala state, India. The station is coming under the Southern Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The nearest major rail head of Munrothuruthu railway station is Kollam Junction railway station.", "title": "Munroturuttu railway station" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are currently 11 operational rapid transit (also called 'metro') systems in ten cities in India. As of November 2017, India has 425 kilometres (264 miles) of operational metro lines and 347 stations. A further 500 + km of lines are under construction. Metro rail lines in India are composed of mainly standard gauge. Projects like the Kolkata Metro and Delhi Metro used broad gauge for their earliest lines but all new projects in India are on standard gauge as rolling stock imported is of standard gauge.", "title": "Urban rail transit in India" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is within walking distance from the Indian Railways New Delhi station. It is on the Ajmeri Gate (Platform Number 16) side of the New Delhi Railway Station.", "title": "New Delhi metro station" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ramses Railway Station ( \"Maḥaṭṭat Ramsīs\"), also called Misr Station ( \"Maḥaṭṭat Miṣr\"), is the main railway station of Cairo, Egypt. The name is derived from the Ancient Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II, whose statue was erected by Nasser on the square there in 1955.", "title": "Ramses Station" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes.", "title": "New Delhi" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dum Dum is a station of the Kolkata Metro. The metro station adjoins the platforms of the Dum Dum railway station where connections can be made with Indian Railways services.", "title": "Dum Dum metro station" } ]	What is the total area in square miles of the city that has a metro station nearest to the Delhi railway station?	16.5 sq mi	[]	Title: Munroturuttu railway station Passage: Munroturuttu railway station or Mundrothuruthu railway station (Code:MQO) is an 'HG 2 Category' halt railway station, situated in between Perinad and Sasthamkotta railway stations of Kollam district in Kerala state, India. The station is coming under the Southern Railway Zone of Indian Railways. The nearest major rail head of Munrothuruthu railway station is Kollam Junction railway station. Title: New Delhi Passage: The Delhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving New Delhi, Delhi, Gurgaon, Faridabad, Noida, and Ghaziabad in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro is the world's 12th largest metro system in terms of length. Delhi Metro was India's first modern public transportation system, which had revolutionised travel by providing a fast, reliable, safe, and comfortable means of transport. The network consists of six lines with a total length of 189.63 kilometres (117.83 miles) with 142 stations, of which 35 are underground, five are at-grade, and the remainder are elevated. All stations have escalators, elevators, and tactile tiles to guide the visually impaired from station entrances to trains. It has a combination of elevated, at-grade, and underground lines, and uses both broad gauge and standard gauge rolling stock. Four types of rolling stock are used: Mitsubishi-ROTEM Broad gauge, Bombardier MOVIA, Mitsubishi-ROTEM Standard gauge, and CAF Beasain Standard gauge. Title: New Delhi metro station Passage: New Delhi is a station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is within walking distance from the Indian Railways New Delhi station. It is on the Ajmeri Gate (Platform Number 16) side of the New Delhi Railway Station. Title: New Delhi Passage: With a total area of 42.7 km2 (16.5 sq mi), New Delhi forms a small part of the Delhi metropolitan area. Because the city is located on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, there is little difference in elevation across the city. New Delhi and surrounding areas were once a part of the Aravalli Range; all that is left of those mountains is the Delhi Ridge, which is also called the Lungs of Delhi. While New Delhi lies on the floodplains of the Yamuna River, it is essentially a landlocked city. East of the river is the urban area of Shahdara. New Delhi falls under the seismic zone-IV, making it vulnerable to earthquakes. Title: Majnu-ka-tilla Passage: The area lies on a stretch of the National Highway 1, which is part of the historic Grand Trunk Road and the Outer Ring Road of Delhi. It is at a walkable distance from ISBT Kashmere Gate. It is approachable through the Kashmeri Gate station of the Delhi Metro, lies on both the Red (Dilshad Garden - Rithala) and Yellow Lines (Samaypur Badli - HUDA City Centre). It is a transfer station between the Red Line on the highest upper level and the Yellow Line on the lowest level. The Vidhan Sabha metro station is 1.5 km away. Title: Borpara, Bongaigaon Passage: Borpara is a locality in Bongaigaon, Assam, India, surrounded by localities of Mayapuri, Paglasthan and Chapaguri with nearest railway station at New Bongaigaon railway station.	[ "New Delhi metro station", "New Delhi" ]
2hop__64396_159536	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Following consecutive losses to Mexico and Costa Rica in the opening games of the final round of qualification for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, Klinsmann was removed as national team coach and technical director and replaced by previous U.S. manager Bruce Arena. World Cup qualification resumed on March 24, where Arena and his team had a record 6 -- 0 win over Honduras. Four days later, the team traveled to Panama City, drawing Panama 1 -- 1. After beating Trinidad and Tobago 2 -- 0, the U.S. got their third ever result in World Cup Qualification at the Estadio Azteca when they drew 1 -- 1 against Mexico. In July 2017, the U.S. won their sixth CONCACAF Gold Cup with a 2 -- 1 win over Jamaica in the final. After losing 2 - 1 to Trinidad and Tobago on October 10, 2017, the U.S. failed to qualify for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, missing the tournament for the first time since 1986. On October 13, 2017, Bruce Arena resigned.", "title": "United States men's national soccer team" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This list contains the top ten pictures with the most likes on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram; Instagram does not provide an official list. As of February 2018, the name announcement of Kylie Jenner's first child is the most - liked picture with over 17 million likes. Additionally, Kylie Jenner has the most pictures in the top ten with five, including the top three overall. Most of Jenner's top pictures feature her newborn daughter, Stormi Webster.", "title": "List of most-liked Instagram posts" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This list contains the top 20 pictures with the most likes on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram. As of August 2018, the first picture of Kylie Jenner's daughter Stormi Webster is the most - liked picture with 18 million likes. Cristiano Ronaldo has the most pictures in the top 20, with seven.", "title": "List of most-liked Instagram posts" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arne Blomberg, was born in 1930 in Gothenburg, Sweden. He started off by studying at Valand School of Art and continued later on at the Goldsmiths´Company Trege where he got a journeyman exam, and followed up by an engineering degree and a master's degree as engraver.", "title": "Arne Blomberg" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rainbow is the third studio album by American singer Kesha. It was released on August 11, 2017, by Kemosabe and RCA Records. On July 5, 2017, Kesha announced via her Instagram account that she was releasing a single, titled ``Praying ''. The song was released alongside its accompanying music video and the album's pre-order.", "title": "Rainbow (Kesha album)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the upcoming eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is scheduled to release on October 31, 2017 by RCA Records. The track listing was announced by Brown on his Instagram account on May 1, 2017, and it will be a double album.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In reply, India lost their opener Virender Sehwag in the second ball of the innings. Sachin Tendulkar, too, got out in quick succession. The next set of batsmen, Gautam Gambhir and Virat Kohli, added 83 runs in 15 overs before the latter got out in the 22nd over. India captain MS Dhoni, promoting himself up the order, joined Gambhir and they both added 109 runs, an Indian record in a World Cup final. Gambhir got out for 97 runs in the 42nd over. India chased down the total and won the match by four wickets in the 49th over. Dhoni was declared the ``man of the match ''for scoring 91 runs while his compatriot Yuvraj Singh was awarded the`` man of the series''.", "title": "2011 Cricket World Cup Final" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 28, 2017, Eric and Jesse announced in an Instagram video that the show will be returning for a third season, which is scheduled to premiere on September 6, 2017.", "title": "Eric & Jessie: Game On" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "This list contains the top 50 accounts with the most followers on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram. As of October 2018, the most followed user is Instagram's own account, with over 260 million followers. Cristiano Ronaldo is the most followed individual, with over 144 million followers. Twelve accounts have exceeded 100 million followers on the site.", "title": "List of most-followed Instagram accounts" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro GOIH ComM (European Portuguese: [kɾiʃˈtjɐnu ʁoˈnaɫdu]; born 5 February 1985) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Italian club Juventus and captains the Portugal national team. Often considered the best player in the world and widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Ronaldo has a record-tying five Ballon d'Or awards, the most for a European player, and is the first player to win four European Golden Shoes. He has won 29 trophies in his career, including six league titles, five UEFA Champions League's, one UEFA European Championship, and one UEFA Nations League. A prolific goalscorer, Ronaldo holds the records for most official goals scored in the UEFA Champions League (126), the UEFA European Championship (9), as well as those for most assists in the UEFA Champions League (34) and the UEFA European Championship (6). He has scored over 700 senior career goals for club and country.", "title": "Cristiano Ronaldo" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The passengers were unharmed but had to trek across difficult terrain and with low food supplies for 11 days to make their way off the tepui and down to the nearest settlement at Kamarata. When word got out of their exploits, international interest in the Gran Sabana region increased dramatically, leading to in-depth scientific exploration in the following years.", "title": "Jimmie Angel" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This list of most liked Instagram pictures contains the top 10 posts with the most likes of all time on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram. Like counts are based on the Instagram website. As of 1 February 2017, the most liked picture on Instagram is Beyoncé's twin pregnancy announcement with over 11 million likes. American actress and singer Selena Gomez appears the most in the list, with 7 pictures out of 10.", "title": "List of most-liked Instagram posts" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``A Change Is Gonna Come ''Single by Sam Cooke from the album Ai n't That Good News A-side`` Shake'' Released December 22, 1964 (1964 - 12 - 22) Format 7 - inch single Recorded January 30, 1964 Studio RCA, Hollywood, California Genre Rhythm and blues soul Length 3: 12 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Sam Cooke Producer (s) Hugo & Luigi Sam Cooke singles chronology ``Cousin of Mine ''(1964)`` A Change Is Gonna Come'' (1964) ``It's Got The Whole World Shakin '''(1965)`` Cousin of Mine'' (1964) ``A Change Is Gonna Come ''(1964)`` It's Got The Whole World Shakin''' (1965)", "title": "A Change Is Gonna Come" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``A Change Is Gonna Come ''Single by Sam Cooke from the album Ai n't That Good News A-side`` Shake'' Released December 22, 1964 (1964 - 12 - 22) Format 7 - inch single Recorded January 30, 1964 Studio RCA, Hollywood, California Genre Rhythm and blues soul Length 3: 11 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Sam Cooke Producer (s) Hugo & Luigi Sam Cooke singles chronology ``Cousin of Mine ''(1964)`` A Change Is Gonna Come'' (1964) ``It's Got The Whole World Shakin '''(1965)`` Cousin of Mine'' (1964) ``A Change Is Gonna Come ''(1964)`` It's Got The Whole World Shakin''' (1965)", "title": "A Change Is Gonna Come" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "William ``Will ''Harold Ryan Munson is a fictional character on the CBS soap opera As the World Turns. He was portrayed by Jesse Soffer on recurring basis from September 2004 to March 2005, after which he got a contract as a regular. Soffer left the show on April 4, 2008 and made a brief return in July 2010.", "title": "List of As the World Turns characters" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alvarado Lang studied printmaking under Emiliano Valadéz at the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes (ENBA) in Mexico City. In 1929 he followed Emiliano Valadéz on his chair. After the course offer of the ENBA was expanded in 1930, he got the chair of engraving. From 1942 to 1949 he was director of the ENBA.", "title": "Carlos Alvarado Lang" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the upcoming eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is scheduled to release on October 31, 2017 by RCA Records. The track listing was announced by Brown on his Instagram account on May 2, 2017, and it will be a double album.", "title": "Heartbreak on a Full Moon" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 21, 2016, Frank van Keeken announced on Instagram that The Next Step would return for a fifth season, which premiered on May 26, 2017. The series has been renewed for a sixth season of 26 episodes which will premiere in August 2018.", "title": "List of The Next Step episodes" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "This list contains the top 20 pictures with the most likes on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram. As of July 2018, the first picture of Kylie Jenner's daughter Stormi Webster is the most - liked picture with 17.9 million likes. Kylie Jenner and Cristiano Ronaldo have the most pictures in the top 20, both with six.", "title": "List of most-liked Instagram posts" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Freetime Machos is a Finnish documentary film about the bromance of two players in world's most northerly rugby club called OYUS Rugby based in Oulu, Finland. The film is directed by Mika Ronkainen and it had its world premiere at the Joris Ivens Competition of IDFA in November 2009. The film got its North American premiere at Tribeca Film Festival in April 2010. It was also part of the Edinburgh International Film Festival in June 2010.", "title": "Freetime Machos" } ]	What is the job of the person with the most Instagram followers in the world?	a Portuguese professional footballer	[]	Title: A Change Is Gonna Come Passage: ``A Change Is Gonna Come ''Single by Sam Cooke from the album Ai n't That Good News A-side`` Shake'' Released December 22, 1964 (1964 - 12 - 22) Format 7 - inch single Recorded January 30, 1964 Studio RCA, Hollywood, California Genre Rhythm and blues soul Length 3: 12 Label RCA Victor Songwriter (s) Sam Cooke Producer (s) Hugo & Luigi Sam Cooke singles chronology ``Cousin of Mine ''(1964)`` A Change Is Gonna Come'' (1964) ``It's Got The Whole World Shakin '''(1965)`` Cousin of Mine'' (1964) ``A Change Is Gonna Come ''(1964)`` It's Got The Whole World Shakin''' (1965) Title: List of The Next Step episodes Passage: On March 21, 2016, Frank van Keeken announced on Instagram that The Next Step would return for a fifth season, which premiered on May 26, 2017. The series has been renewed for a sixth season of 26 episodes which will premiere in August 2018. Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro GOIH ComM (European Portuguese: [kɾiʃˈtjɐnu ʁoˈnaɫdu]; born 5 February 1985) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Italian club Juventus and captains the Portugal national team. Often considered the best player in the world and widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time, Ronaldo has a record-tying five Ballon d'Or awards, the most for a European player, and is the first player to win four European Golden Shoes. He has won 29 trophies in his career, including six league titles, five UEFA Champions League's, one UEFA European Championship, and one UEFA Nations League. A prolific goalscorer, Ronaldo holds the records for most official goals scored in the UEFA Champions League (126), the UEFA European Championship (9), as well as those for most assists in the UEFA Champions League (34) and the UEFA European Championship (6). He has scored over 700 senior career goals for club and country. Title: List of most-liked Instagram posts Passage: This list contains the top ten pictures with the most likes on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram; Instagram does not provide an official list. As of February 2018, the name announcement of Kylie Jenner's first child is the most - liked picture with over 17 million likes. Additionally, Kylie Jenner has the most pictures in the top ten with five, including the top three overall. Most of Jenner's top pictures feature her newborn daughter, Stormi Webster. Title: List of most-followed Instagram accounts Passage: This list contains the top 50 accounts with the most followers on the social photo - sharing platform Instagram. As of October 2018, the most followed user is Instagram's own account, with over 260 million followers. Cristiano Ronaldo is the most followed individual, with over 144 million followers. Twelve accounts have exceeded 100 million followers on the site. Title: Carlos Alvarado Lang Passage: Alvarado Lang studied printmaking under Emiliano Valadéz at the Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes (ENBA) in Mexico City. In 1929 he followed Emiliano Valadéz on his chair. After the course offer of the ENBA was expanded in 1930, he got the chair of engraving. From 1942 to 1949 he was director of the ENBA.	[ "List of most-followed Instagram accounts", "Cristiano Ronaldo" ]
3hop1__450185_102686_5583	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet \"Roaring Parnassus\" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914.", "title": "Kseniya Boguslavskaya" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine inherited a 780,000-man military force on its territory, equipped with the third-largest nuclear weapons arsenal in the world. In May 1992, Ukraine signed the Lisbon Protocol in which the country agreed to give up all nuclear weapons to Russia for disposal and to join the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty as a non-nuclear weapon state. Ukraine ratified the treaty in 1994, and by 1996 the country became free of nuclear weapons.Ukraine took consistent steps toward reduction of conventional weapons. It signed the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, which called for reduction of tanks, artillery, and armoured vehicles (army forces were reduced to 300,000). The country plans to convert the current conscript-based military into a professional volunteer military.", "title": "Ukraine" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Nöteborg, also known as the \"Treaty of Oreshek\" (, Russian: \"Ореховецкий мир,\" ), is a conventional name for the peace treaty signed at Orekhovets (, ) on 12 August 1323. It was the first settlement between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic regulating their border. Three years later, Novgorod signed the Treaty of Novgorod with the Norwegians.", "title": "Treaty of Nöteborg" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required ``Germany (to) accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage ''during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US $442 billion or UK £284 billion in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh -- a`` Carthaginian peace'' -- and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently.", "title": "Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more.", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With the end of the Seven Years' War and the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763), France ceded almost all of its remaining territory in mainland North America, except for fishing rights off Newfoundland and the two small islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon where its fishermen could dry their fish. France had already secretly ceded its vast Louisiana territory to Spain under the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762) in which King Louis XV of France had given his cousin King Charles III of Spain the entire area of the drainage basin of the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico and from the Appalachian Mountains to the Rocky Mountains. France and Spain kept the Treaty of Fontainebleau secret from other countries until 1764. In return for acquiring Canada, Britain returned to France its most important sugar - producing colony, Guadeloupe, which the French at the time considered more valuable than Canada. (Guadeloupe produced more sugar than all the British islands combined, and Voltaire had notoriously dismissed Canada as ``Quelques arpents de neige '',`` A few acres of snow'').", "title": "History of Canada" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "France formally recognized the United States on February 6, 1778, with the signing of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, which was immediately followed by signing the Treaty of Alliance in anticipation of conflict as a result. Hostilities soon followed after Britain declared war on France on March 17, 1778. The British naval force, at that time the largest fleet afloat, and the French fleet confronted each other from the beginning. The British avoided intercepting a French fleet that left Toulon under the comte d'Estaing in April for North America, fearing the French fleet at Brest might then be used to launch an invasion of Britain. France had kept the Brest fleet to protect commercial shipping in European waters, and it sailed out only after a British fleet was confirmed to have left in pursuit of d'Estaing, thus weakening the British Channel fleet. In spite of this reduction the British fleet still outnumbered the French fleet at Brest, and Admiral d'Orvilliers was instructed to avoid combat when he sailed in July. D'Orvilliers met the fleet of Admiral Augustus Keppel in the indecisive Battle of Ushant on July 27, after which both fleets returned to port for repairs.", "title": "France in the American Revolutionary War" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty Clause is part of Article II, Section 2, Clause 2, of the United States Constitution, that empowers the President of the United States to propose and chiefly negotiate agreements between the United States and other countries, which, upon receiving the advice and consent of a two - thirds supermajority vote of the United States Senate, become treaties under international law.", "title": "Treaty Clause" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Pacification of Ghent, signed on 8 November 1576, was an alliance of the provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands for the purpose of driving mutinying Spanish mercenary troops from the country and promoting a peace treaty with the rebelling provinces of Holland and Zeeland.", "title": "Pacification of Ghent" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The subsequent Great Peace of Montreal was signed in 1701 in Montreal by 39 Indian chiefs and the French. In the treaty, the Iroquois agreed to stop marauding and to allow refugees from the Great Lakes to return east. The Shawnee eventually regained control of the Ohio Country and the lower Allegheny River. The Miami tribe returned to take control of modern Indiana and north - west Ohio. The Pottawatomie went to Michigan, and the Illinois tribe to Illinois. With the Dutch long removed from North America, the English had become just as powerful as the French. The Iroquois came to see that they held the balance of power between the two European powers and they used that position to their benefit for the decades to come. Their society began to quickly change as the tribes began to focus on building up a strong nation, improving their farming technology, and educating their population. The peace was lasting and it would not be until the 1720s that their territory would again be threatened by the Europeans.", "title": "Beaver Wars" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Another action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nationalists and conservatives. The Bolsheviks made peace with the German Empire and the Central Powers, as they had promised the Russian people prior to the Revolution. Vladimir Lenin's decision has been attributed to his sponsorship by the foreign office of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, offered by the latter in hopes that with a revolution, Russia would withdraw from World War I. This suspicion was bolstered by the German Foreign Ministry's sponsorship of Lenin's return to Petrograd. The Western Allies expressed their dismay at the Bolsheviks, upset at:", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand which directly led to World War I. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919.", "title": "Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919.", "title": "Treaty of Versailles" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Convention respecting fisheries, boundary and the restoration of slaves between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the London Convention, Anglo - American Convention of 1818, Convention of 1818, or simply the Treaty of 1818, was an international treaty signed in 1818 between the above parties. Signed during the presidency of James Monroe, it resolved standing boundary issues between the two nations. The treaty allowed for joint occupation and settlement of the Oregon Country, known to the British and in Canadian history as the Columbia District of the Hudson's Bay Company, and including the southern portion of its sister district New Caledonia.", "title": "Treaty of 1818" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sign a commercial treaty in due courseThe first installment of indemnity was to be paid immediately, the second installment within the first 100 days from signing of the treaty, and the rest within two years. Until the second installment was paid, the British would not leave Yangon.The Treaty of Yandabo was signed by General Campbell from the British side and Governor of Legaing Maha Min Hla Kyaw Htin from the Burmese side on 24 February 1826. The Burmese paid 250,000 pounds sterling in gold and silver bullion as the first installment of the indemnity, and also released British prisoners of war. The war was thus brought to an end, and the British army moved south. The British army remained in the territories surrendered to it under the treaty and in the territories such as the Rangoon area which were occupied for several years in the guarantee of the financial terms of the treaty.", "title": "First Anglo-Burmese War" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni.", "title": "Ivan Puni" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 6 February 1840, Hobson and about forty Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi at Waitangi in the Bay of Islands. Copies of the Treaty were subsequently taken around the country to be signed by other chiefs. A significant number refused to sign or were not asked but, in total, more than five hundred Māori eventually signed.", "title": "History of New Zealand" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Brest - Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria - Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest - Litovsk (Polish: Brześć Litewski; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations. The treaty was agreed upon by the Bolshevik government to stop further advances by German and Austro - Hungarian forces. According to the treaty, Soviet Russia defaulted on all of Imperial Russia's commitments to the Triple Entente alliance.", "title": "Treaty of Brest-Litovsk" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak was a treaty between Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire signed on March 10, 1779. The formal name is Aynalıkavak bond of arbitration (). Aynalıkavak is a palace in Istanbul where the treaty was signed.", "title": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Treaty With The Cherokee, 1798, also known as the First Treaty of Tellico, was signed on October 2, 1798, in the Overhill Cherokee settlement of Great Tellico near Tellico Blockhouse in Tennessee. This treaty served as an addendum to the Treaty of Holston and was the only treaty between the United States and Native Americans executed during the administration of President John Adams. The treaty was signed by Thomas Butler and George Walton, commissioners of the United States, and some thirty-nine Cherokee chiefs and warriors, in the presence of Silas Dinsmoor, Agent of the United States among the Cherokee, and thirteen other witnesses including Charles R. Hicks, who served as interpreter.", "title": "Treaty of Tellico" } ]	What did the country the spouse of Kseniya Boguslavskaya is from receive in return for signing the Treat of Brest-Litovsk?	peace in World War I	[ "World War I", "World War" ]	Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On January 25, 1918, at the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the unrecognized state was renamed the Soviet Russian Republic. On March 3, 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to Germany, in exchange for peace in World War I. On July 10, 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more. Title: Ivan Puni Passage: Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. Title: Kseniya Boguslavskaya Passage: Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet "Roaring Parnassus" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914. Title: Treaty of Nöteborg Passage: The Treaty of Nöteborg, also known as the "Treaty of Oreshek" (, Russian: "Ореховецкий мир," ), is a conventional name for the peace treaty signed at Orekhovets (, ) on 12 August 1323. It was the first settlement between Sweden and the Novgorod Republic regulating their border. Three years later, Novgorod signed the Treaty of Novgorod with the Norwegians. Title: Treaty of Tellico Passage: The Treaty With The Cherokee, 1798, also known as the First Treaty of Tellico, was signed on October 2, 1798, in the Overhill Cherokee settlement of Great Tellico near Tellico Blockhouse in Tennessee. This treaty served as an addendum to the Treaty of Holston and was the only treaty between the United States and Native Americans executed during the administration of President John Adams. The treaty was signed by Thomas Butler and George Walton, commissioners of the United States, and some thirty-nine Cherokee chiefs and warriors, in the presence of Silas Dinsmoor, Agent of the United States among the Cherokee, and thirteen other witnesses including Charles R. Hicks, who served as interpreter. Title: Treaty of Versailles Passage: Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required ``Germany (to) accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage ''during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US $442 billion or UK £284 billion in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh -- a`` Carthaginian peace'' -- and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently.	[ "Kseniya Boguslavskaya", "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "Ivan Puni" ]
2hop__154229_727337	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard - setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.", "title": "International Organization for Standardization" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 7001 (\"public information symbols\") is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization that defines a set of pictograms and symbols for public information. The latest version, ISO 7001:2007, was published in November 2007.", "title": "ISO 7001" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is \"Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes\". It defines three sets of country codes:", "title": "ISO 3166-1" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:ET is the entry for Ethiopia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:ET" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3103 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (commonly referred to as ISO), specifying a standardized method for brewing tea, possibly sampled by the standardized methods described in ISO 1839. It was originally laid down in 1980 as BS 6008:1980 by the British Standards Institution. It was produced by ISO Technical Committee 34 (Food products), Sub-Committee 8 (Tea).", "title": "ISO 3103" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:ES is the entry for Spain in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:ES" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:JE is the entry for Jersey in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:JE" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 4031 is an international standard first issued in 1978 by the International Organization for Standardization. It defined the representation of local time differentials, commonly referred to as time zones. It has since been superseded by a newer standard, ISO 8601. This newer standard sets out the current formats for local time differentials and so ISO 4031 is no longer in use.", "title": "ISO 4031" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "ISO/TC 68 is a technical committee formed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), of Geneva, Switzerland, tasked with developing and maintaining international standards covering the areas of banking, securities, and other financial services. As the standards organization under ISO responsible for the development of all international financial services standards, ISO/TC 68 plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies in the banking, brokerage and insurance industries. Many of its current work projects involve developing ecommerce standards such as better online security for financial transactions, XML standards for financial transactions and standards to reduce the cost and delays of international financial transactions. The membership of ISO/TC 68, consists of more than 30 organizations assigned by participating national standards bodies plus additional international standards development organizations that work collaboratively toward global financial services standards development.", "title": "ISO/TC 68" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AT is the entry for Austria in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:AT" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:AS is the entry for American Samoa in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:AS" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3307 is an international standard for date and time representations issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The standard was issued in 1975, then was superseded by ISO 8601 in 1988.", "title": "ISO 3307" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 965 (ISO general purpose metric screw thread—tolerances) is an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard for metric screw thread tolerances. It specifies the basic profile for ISO general purpose metric screw threads (M) conforming to ISO 261.", "title": "ISO 965" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 22000 is a standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization dealing with food safety. It is a general derivative of ISO 9000.", "title": "ISO 22000" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:GH is the entry for Ghana in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:GH" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:GB is the entry for the United Kingdom in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. The codes and structures used are provided to the ISO by British Standards and the Office for National Statistics.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:GB" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:IS is the entry for Iceland in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:IS" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unicode is developed in conjunction with the International Organization for Standardization and shares the character repertoire with ISO/IEC 10646: the Universal Character Set. Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646 function equivalently as character encodings, but The Unicode Standard contains much more information for implementers, covering—in depth—topics such as bitwise encoding, collation and rendering. The Unicode Standard enumerates a multitude of character properties, including those needed for supporting bidirectional text. The two standards do use slightly different terminology.", "title": "Unicode" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CN is the entry for China in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g. provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:CN" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-2:CG is the entry for the Republic of the Congo (called simply \"Congo\" in the standard) in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.", "title": "ISO 3166-2:CG" } ]	Where is the headquarters of the organization that set the standards for ISO 3103?	Geneva	[]	Title: ISO 3103 Passage: ISO 3103 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (commonly referred to as ISO), specifying a standardized method for brewing tea, possibly sampled by the standardized methods described in ISO 1839. It was originally laid down in 1980 as BS 6008:1980 by the British Standards Institution. It was produced by ISO Technical Committee 34 (Food products), Sub-Committee 8 (Tea). Title: ISO 3166-2:JE Passage: ISO 3166-2:JE is the entry for Jersey in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Title: ISO 22000 Passage: ISO 22000 is a standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization dealing with food safety. It is a general derivative of ISO 9000. Title: International Organization for Standardization Passage: The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard - setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Title: ISO 3166-2:AS Passage: ISO 3166-2:AS is the entry for American Samoa in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1. Title: ISO/TC 68 Passage: ISO/TC 68 is a technical committee formed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), of Geneva, Switzerland, tasked with developing and maintaining international standards covering the areas of banking, securities, and other financial services. As the standards organization under ISO responsible for the development of all international financial services standards, ISO/TC 68 plays a key role in the development and adoption of new technologies in the banking, brokerage and insurance industries. Many of its current work projects involve developing ecommerce standards such as better online security for financial transactions, XML standards for financial transactions and standards to reduce the cost and delays of international financial transactions. The membership of ISO/TC 68, consists of more than 30 organizations assigned by participating national standards bodies plus additional international standards development organizations that work collaboratively toward global financial services standards development.	[ "ISO 3103", "ISO/TC 68" ]
2hop__103182_23140	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fiscal year Total debt Total debt as% of GDP Public debt Public debt as% of GDP GDP ($billions) 1910 2.65 / - 8.1% 2.65 8.1% est. 32.8 1920 25.95 / - 29.2% 25.95 29.2% est. 88.6 1927 18.51 / - 19.2% 18.51 19.2% est. 96.5 1930 16.19 / - 16.6% 16.19 16.6% est. 97.4 1940 42.97 / 50.70 43.8 -- 51.6% 42.77 43.6% - / 98.2 1950 257.3 / 256.9 92.0% 219.0 78.4% 279.0 1960 286.3 / 290.5 53.6 -- 54.2% 236.8 44.3% 535.1 1970 370.9 / 380.9 35.4 -- 36.4% 283.2 27.0% 1,049 1980 907.7 / 909.0 32.4 -- 32.6% 711.9 25.5% 2,796 1990 3,233 / 3,206 54.2 -- 54.6% 2,400 40.8% 5,915 2000 5,659 55.8% 3,450 33.9% 10,150 2001 5,792 54.8% 3,350 31.6% 10,550 2002 6,213 57.1% 3,550 32.7% 10,900 2003 6,783 59.9% 3,900 34.6% 11,350 7,379 61.0% 4,300 35.6% 12,100 2005 7,918 61.4% 4,600 35.7% 12,900 2006 8,493 62.1% 4,850 35.4% 13,700 2007 8,993 62.8% 5,050 35.3% 14,300 2008 10,011 67.9% 5,800 39.4% 14,750 2009 11,898 82.5% 7,550 52.4% 14,400 13,551 91.6% 9,000 61.0% 14,800 2011 14,781 96.1% 10,150 65.8% 15,400 2012 16,059 100.2% 11,250 70.3% 16,050 2013 16,732 101.3% 12,000 72.6% 16,500 2014 17,810 103.4% 12,800 74.2% 17,200 2015 18,138 101.3 / 101.8% 13,100 73.3% 17,900 2016 (Oct. '15 -- Jul.' 16 only) ~ 19,428 ~ 106.1% ~ 13,998 ~ 76.5%", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The state has the 12th-largest state economy in Mexico, accounting for 2.7% of the country’s GDP. Chihuahua has the fifth highest manufacturing GDP in Mexico and ranks second for the most factories funded by foreign investment in the country. As of 2011[update], the state had an estimated 396 billion pesos (31.1 billion dollars) of annual GDP. According to official federal statistical studies, the service sector accounted for the largest portion of the state economy at 59.28%; the manufacturing and industrial sector is estimated to account for 34.36% of the state's GDP, with the agricultural sector accounting for 6.36% of the state's GDP. Manufacturing sector was the principal foreign investment in the state followed by the mining sector. In 2011, the state received approximately 884 million dollars in remittances from the United States, which was 4.5% of all remittances from the United States to Mexico.", "title": "Chihuahua (state)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next \"BRIC-like\" economies. It is also listed among the \"Next Eleven\" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to Der Spiegel, credits given to European governments were disguised as \"swaps\" and consequently did not get registered as debt because Eurostat at the time ignored statistics involving financial derivatives. A German derivatives dealer had commented to Der Spiegel that \"The Maastricht rules can be circumvented quite legally through swaps,\" and \"In previous years, Italy used a similar trick to mask its true debt with the help of a different US bank.\" These conditions had enabled Greek as well as many other European governments to spend beyond their means, while meeting the deficit targets of the European Union and the monetary union guidelines. In May 2010, the Greek government deficit was again revised and estimated to be 13.6% which was the second highest in the world relative to GDP with Iceland in first place at 15.7% and Great Britain third with 12.6%. Public debt was forecast, according to some estimates, to hit 120% of GDP during 2010.", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.3 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion).", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Growth in a Time of Debt, also known by its authors' names as Reinhart–Rogoff, is an economics paper by American economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff published in a non peer-reviewed issue of the \"American Economic Review\" in 2010. Politicians, commentators, and activists widely cited the paper in political debates over the effectiveness of austerity in fiscal policy for debt-burdened economies. The paper argues that when \"gross external debt reaches 60 percent of GDP\", a country's annual growth declined by two percent, and \"for levels of external debt in excess of 90 percent\" GDP growth was \"roughly cut in half.\" Appearing in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the evidence for the 90%-debt threshold hypothesis provided support for pro-austerity policies.", "title": "Growth in a Time of Debt" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.4 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion).", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States has a capitalist mixed economy which is fueled by abundant natural resources and high productivity. According to the International Monetary Fund, the U.S. GDP of $16.8 trillion constitutes 24% of the gross world product at market exchange rates and over 19% of the gross world product at purchasing power parity (PPP).The nominal GDP of the U.S. is estimated to be $17.528 trillion as of 2014. From 1983 to 2008, U.S. real compounded annual GDP growth was 3.3%, compared to a 2.3% weighted average for the rest of the G7. The country ranks ninth in the world in nominal GDP per capita according to the United Nations (first in the Americas) and sixth in GDP per capita at PPP. The U.S. dollar is the world's primary reserve currency.The United States is the largest importer of goods and second-largest exporter, though exports per capita are relatively low. In 2010, the total U.S. trade deficit was $635 billion. Canada, China, Mexico, Japan, and Germany are its top trading partners. In 2010, oil was the largest import commodity, while transportation equipment was the country's largest export. Japan is the largest foreign holder of U.S. public debt. The largest holder of the U.S. debt are American entities, including federal government accounts and the Federal Reserve, who hold the majority of the debt.", "title": "United States" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 7, 2016, debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76% of the previous 12 months of GDP. Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion, giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106% of the previous 12 months of GDP. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were Japan (about $1.06 trillion) and China (about $1.18 trillion).", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On November 7, 2016, debt held by the public was $14.3 trillion or about 76% of the previous 12 months of GDP. Intragovernmental holdings stood at $5.4 trillion, giving a combined total gross national debt of $19.8 trillion or about 106% of the previous 12 months of GDP; $6.2 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest of which were Japan and China at about $1.09 trillion for Japan and $1.06 trillion for China as of December 2016.", "title": "National debt of the United States" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The national flag of Romania (Romanian: drapelul României) is a tricolor with vertical stripes, beginning from the flagpole: blue, yellow and red. It has a width - length ratio of 2: 3.", "title": "Flag of Romania" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel has one of the highest ratios of defense spending to GDP of all developed countries, only topped by Oman and Saudi Arabia. In 1984, for example, the country spent 24% of its GDP on defense. By 2006, that figure had dropped to 7.3%. Israel is one of the world's largest arms exporters, and was ranked fourth in the world for weapons exports in 2007. The majority of Israel's arms exports are unreported for security reasons. Since 1967, the United States has been a particularly notable foreign contributor of military aid to Israel: the US is expected to provide the country with $3.15 billion per year from 2013 to 2018. Israel is consistently rated low in the Global Peace Index, ranking 148th out of 162 nations for peacefulness in 2015.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of the United States public debt started with federal government debt incurred during the American Revolutionary War by the first U.S treasurer, Michael Hillegas, after its formation in 1789. The United States has continuously had a fluctuating public debt since then, except for about a year during 1835 -- 1836. To allow comparisons over the years, public debt is often expressed as a ratio to gross domestic product (GDP). Historically, the United States public debt as a share of GDP has increased during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined.", "title": "History of the United States public debt" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Yellow Yeiyah, last names also seen as two words \"Yei Yah\", (born 9 September 1984 in Ondo, Nigeria) is an Olympic swimmer from Nigeria. He swam for Nigeria at the 2008 Olympics.", "title": "Yellow Yeiyah" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As of 18 June 2012, the ECB in total had spent €212.1bn (equal to 2.2% of the Eurozone GDP) for bond purchases covering outright debt, as part of its Securities Markets Programme (SMP) running since May 2010. On 6 September 2012, the ECB announced a new plan for buying bonds from eurozone countries. The duration of the previous SMP was temporary, while the Outright Monetary Transactions (OMT) programme has no ex-ante time or size limit. On 4 September 2014, the bank went further by announcing it would buy bonds and other debt instruments primarily from banks in a bid to boost the availability of credit for businesses.", "title": "European Central Bank" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For FY 2010, Department of Defense spending amounts to 4.7% of GDP. Because the U.S. GDP has risen over time, the military budget can rise in absolute terms while shrinking as a percentage of the GDP. For example, the Department of Defense budget is slated to be $664 billion in 2010 (including the cost of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan previously funded through supplementary budget legislation), higher than at any other point in American history, but still 1.1 -- 1.4% lower as a percentage of GDP than the amount spent on military during the peak of Cold - War military spending in the late 1980s. Admiral Mike Mullen, former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has called four percent an ``absolute floor ''. This calculation does not take into account some other military - related non-DOD spending, such as Veterans Affairs, Homeland Security, and interest paid on debt incurred in past wars, which has increased even as a percentage of the national GDP.", "title": "Military budget of the United States" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canadian government debt, commonly called the ``public debt ''or the`` national debt'', is the amount of money owed by the Government of Canada to holders of Canadian Treasury security. In 2013, this number stood at CAD $1.2 trillion across federal and provincial governments. With the total GDP somewhere around CAD $1.8 trillion, Canada's overall debt / GDP ratio is around 66%. ``Gross debt ''is the national debt plus intragovernmental debt obligations or debt held by trust funds. Types of securities sold by the government include treasury bills, notes, bonds, Real Return Bonds, Canada Savings Bonds, and provincial government securities.", "title": "Canadian public debt" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California.", "title": "Economy of Texas" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis.", "title": "Economy of Greece" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is an underdeveloped mixed economy. It is the world's seventh - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. The long - term growth prospective of the Indian economy is positive due to its young population, corresponding low dependency ratio, healthy savings and investment rates, and increasing integration into the global economy.", "title": "Economy of India" } ]	What is the debt-to-GDP ratio of the country Yellow Yeiyah was in?	11 percent	[]	Title: National debt of the United States Passage: As of July 31, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.6 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21.4 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion). Title: Yellow Yeiyah Passage: Yellow Yeiyah, last names also seen as two words "Yei Yah", (born 9 September 1984 in Ondo, Nigeria) is an Olympic swimmer from Nigeria. He swam for Nigeria at the 2008 Olympics. Title: Nigeria Passage: As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next "BRIC-like" economies. It is also listed among the "Next Eleven" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations. Title: History of the United States public debt Passage: The history of the United States public debt started with federal government debt incurred during the American Revolutionary War by the first U.S treasurer, Michael Hillegas, after its formation in 1789. The United States has continuously had a fluctuating public debt since then, except for about a year during 1835 -- 1836. To allow comparisons over the years, public debt is often expressed as a ratio to gross domestic product (GDP). Historically, the United States public debt as a share of GDP has increased during wars and recessions, and subsequently declined. Title: Economy of India Passage: The economy of India is an underdeveloped mixed economy. It is the world's seventh - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. The long - term growth prospective of the Indian economy is positive due to its young population, corresponding low dependency ratio, healthy savings and investment rates, and increasing integration into the global economy. Title: Growth in a Time of Debt Passage: Growth in a Time of Debt, also known by its authors' names as Reinhart–Rogoff, is an economics paper by American economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff published in a non peer-reviewed issue of the "American Economic Review" in 2010. Politicians, commentators, and activists widely cited the paper in political debates over the effectiveness of austerity in fiscal policy for debt-burdened economies. The paper argues that when "gross external debt reaches 60 percent of GDP", a country's annual growth declined by two percent, and "for levels of external debt in excess of 90 percent" GDP growth was "roughly cut in half." Appearing in the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008, the evidence for the 90%-debt threshold hypothesis provided support for pro-austerity policies.	[ "Nigeria", "Yellow Yeiyah" ]
2hop__11874_13787	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement \"none knows its interpretation except God\" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the knowledge of the Quran's interpretation is reserved for God. But Tabatabaei uses other verses and concludes that those who are purified by God know the interpretation of the Quran to a certain extent.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There are differing interpretations for verses 6 and 7. The phrase \"the Path journeyed by those upon whom You showered blessings\" is usually seen as referring to Muslims. The phrase \"those who made themselves liable to criminal cognizance/arrest\" (more clearly translated as \"those who have incurred Your wrath\") is usually seen as referring to the Jews and the phrase \"those who are the neglectful wanderers\" (more clearly translated as \"those who have gone astray\") is seen as referring to the Christians. The Quran: An Encyclopedia, authored by 43 Muslim and non-Muslim academics says, \"The Prophet interpreted those who incurred God’s wrath as the Jews and the misguided as the Christians\".Australian pastor and scholar in linguistics and theology Mark Durie says,", "title": "Al-Fatiha" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Virgin birth of Jesus was an almost universally held belief among Christians from the 2nd until the 19th century. It is included in the two most widely used Christian creeds, which state that Jesus \"was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary\" (the Nicene Creed in what is now its familiar form) and the Apostles' Creed. The Gospel of Matthew describes Mary as a virgin who fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah 7:14, mistranslating the Hebrew word alma (\"young woman\") in Isaiah 7:14 as \"virgin\", though.[citation needed] The authors of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke consider Jesus' conception not the result of intercourse and assert that Mary had \"no relations with man\" before Jesus' birth.[Mt 1:18] [Mt 1:25] [Lk 1:34] This alludes to the belief that Mary conceived Jesus through the action of God the Holy Spirit, and not through intercourse with Joseph or anyone else.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "It's generally accepted that there are around 750 verses in the Quran dealing with natural phenomenon. In many of these verses the study of nature is \"encouraged and highly recommended,\" and historical Islamic scientists like Al-Biruni and Al-Battani derived their inspiration from verses of the Quran. Mohammad Hashim Kamali has the stated that \"scientific observation, experimental knowledge and rationality\" are the primary tools with which humanity can achieve the goals laid out for it in the Quran. Ziauddin Sardar built a case for Muslims having developed the foundations of modern science, by highlighting the repeated calls of the Quran to observe and reflect upon natural phenomenon. \"The 'scientific method,' as it is understood today, was first developed by Muslim scientists\" like Ibn al-Haytham and Al-Biruni, along with numerous other Muslim scientists.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The astrophysicist Nidhal Guessoum while being highly critical of pseudo-scientific claims made about the Quran, has highlighted the encouragement for sciences that the Quran provides by developing \"the concept of knowledge.\". He writes: \"The Qur'an draws attention to the danger of conjecturing without evidence (And follow not that of which you have not the (certain) knowledge of... 17:36) and in several different verses asks Muslims to require proofs (Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful 2:111), both in matters of theological belief and in natural science.\" Guessoum cites Ghaleb Hasan on the definition of \"proof\" according the Quran being \"clear and strong... convincing evidence or argument.\" Also, such a proof cannot rely on an argument from authority, citing verse 5:104. Lastly, both assertions and rejections require a proof, according to verse 4:174. Ismail al-Faruqi and Taha Jabir Alalwani are of the view that any reawakening of the Muslim civilization must start with the Quran; however, the biggest obstacle on this route is the \"centuries old heritage of tafseer (exegesis) and other classical disciplines\" which inhibit a \"universal, epidemiological and systematic conception\" of the Quran's message. The philosopher Muhammad Iqbal, considered the Quran's methodology and epistemology to be empirical and rational.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sura 1 of the Quran الْفَاتِحَة Al - Fātiḥah The Opening Arabic text English translation Classification Meccan Other names The Key Position Juzʼ 1 No. of verses 7 No. of words 27 No. of letters 140 Al - Baqara →", "title": "Al-Fatiha" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Quran (/ kɔːrˈɑːn / kor - AHN; Arabic: القرآن ‎ ‎ al - Qurʾān, literally meaning ``the recitation ''; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah). It is widely regarded as the finest work in classical Arabic literature. The Quran is divided into chapters (surah in Arabic), which are then divided into verses (ayah).", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The language of the Quran has been described as \"rhymed prose\" as it partakes of both poetry and prose; however, this description runs the risk of failing to convey the rhythmic quality of Quranic language, which is more poetic in some parts and more prose-like in others. Rhyme, while found throughout the Quran, is conspicuous in many of the earlier Meccan suras, in which relatively short verses throw the rhyming words into prominence. The effectiveness of such a form is evident for instance in Sura 81, and there can be no doubt that these passages impressed the conscience of the hearers. Frequently a change of rhyme from one set of verses to another signals a change in the subject of discussion. Later sections also preserve this form but the style is more expository.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Quran consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths, each known as a sura. Suras are classified as Meccan or Medinan, depending on whether the verses were revealed before or after the migration of Muhammad to the city of Medina. However, a sura classified as Medinan may contain Meccan verses in it and vice versa. Sura titles are derived from a name or quality discussed in the text, or from the first letters or words of the sura. Suras are arranged roughly in order of decreasing size. The sura arrangement is thus not connected to the sequence of revelation. Each sura except the ninth starts with the Bismillah (بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم), an Arabic phrase meaning \"In the name of God\". There are, however, still 114 occurrences of the Bismillah in the Quran, due to its presence in Quran 27:30 as the opening of Solomon's letter to the Queen of Sheba.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The physicist Abdus Salam, in his Nobel Prize banquet address, quoted a well known verse from the Quran (67:3-4) and then stated: \"This in effect is the faith of all physicists: the deeper we seek, the more is our wonder excited, the more is the dazzlement of our gaze\". One of Salam's core beliefs was that there is no contradiction between Islam and the discoveries that science allows humanity to make about nature and the universe. Salam also held the opinion that the Quran and the Islamic spirit of study and rational reflection was the source of extraordinary civilizational development. Salam highlights, in particular, the work of Ibn al-Haytham and Al-Biruni as the pioneers of empiricism who introduced the experimental approach, breaking way from Aristotle's influence, and thus giving birth to modern science. Salam was also careful to differentiate between metaphysics and physics, and advised against empirically probing certain matters on which \"physics is silent and will remain so,\" such as the doctrine of \"creation from nothing\" which in Salam's view is outside the limits of science and thus \"gives way\" to religious considerations.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It is forbidden for the Divine Leader not to be from the family of Muhammad.[citation needed] According to Ali al-Ridha, since it is obligatory to obey him, there should be a sign to clearly indicate the Divine Leader. That sign is his well-known ties of kinship with Muhammad and his clear appointment so that the people could distinguish him from others, and be clearly guided toward him. Otherwise others are nobler than Muhammad's offspring and they are to be followed and obeyed; and the offspring of Muhammad are obedient and subject to the offspring of Muhammad’s enemies such as Abi Jahl or Ibn Abi Ma’eet.[original research?] However, Muhammad is much nobler than others to be in charge and to be obeyed. Moreover, once the prophethood of Muhammad is testified they would obey him, no one would hesitate to follow his offspring and this would not be hard for anyone. While to follow the offspring of the corrupted families is difficult.[original research?] And that is maybe why the basic characteristic of Muhammad and other prophets was their nobility.[original research?] For none of them, it is said, were originated from a disgraced family.[citation needed] It is believed that all Muhammad's ancestors up to Adam were true Muslims. [a][citation needed] Jesus was also from a pious family, as it is mentioned in Quran that after his birth, people said to Mary: O sister of Aaron, your father was not a man of evil, nor was your mother unchaste.\"[b][improper synthesis?]", "title": "Imamate in Shia doctrine" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Methodism, Mary is honored as the Mother of God. Methodists do not have any additional teachings on the Virgin Mary except from what is mentioned in Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds. As such, Methodists believe that Mary was conceived in her womb through the Holy Ghost and accept the doctrine of the Virgin Birth, although they, along with Orthodox Christians and other Protestant Christians, reject the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary \"continued a pure and unspotted virgin\", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. In addition, some Methodists also hold the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary as a pious opinion.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The term also has closely related synonyms that are employed throughout the Quran. Each synonym possesses its own distinct meaning, but its use may converge with that of qurʼān in certain contexts. Such terms include kitāb (book); āyah (sign); and sūrah (scripture). The latter two terms also denote units of revelation. In the large majority of contexts, usually with a definite article (al-), the word is referred to as the \"revelation\" (waḥy), that which has been \"sent down\" (tanzīl) at intervals. Other related words are: dhikr (remembrance), used to refer to the Quran in the sense of a reminder and warning, and ḥikmah (wisdom), sometimes referring to the revelation or part of it.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The statement that Joseph \"knew her not till she brought forth her first born son\" (Matthew 1:25 DouayRheims) has been debated among scholars, with some saying that she did not remain a virgin and some saying that she was a perpetual virgin. Other scholars contend that the Greek word heos (i.e., until) denotes a state up to a point, but does not mean that the state ended after that point, and that Matthew 1:25 does not confirm or deny the virginity of Mary after the birth of Jesus. According to Biblical scholar Bart Ehrman the Hebrew word almah, meaning young woman of childbearing age, was translated into Greek as parthenos, which only means virgin, in Isaiah 7:14, which is commonly believed by Christians to be the prophecy of the Virgin Mary referred to in Matthew 1:23. While Matthew and Luke give differing versions of the virgin birth, John quotes the uninitiated Philip and the disbelieving Jews gathered at Galilee referring to Joseph as Jesus's father.", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A text is self-referential when it speaks about itself and makes reference to itself. According to Stefan Wild, the Quran demonstrates this metatextuality by explaining, classifying, interpreting and justifying the words to be transmitted. Self-referentiality is evident in those passages where the Quran refers to itself as revelation (tanzil), remembrance (dhikr), news (naba'), criterion (furqan) in a self-designating manner (explicitly asserting its Divinity, \"And this is a blessed Remembrance that We have sent down; so are you now denying it?\"), or in the frequent appearance of the \"Say\" tags, when Muhammad is commanded to speak (e.g., \"Say: 'God's guidance is the true guidance' \", \"Say: 'Would you then dispute with us concerning God?' \"). According to Wild the Quran is highly self-referential. The feature is more evident in early Meccan suras.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Running for the Drum is the fourteenth studio album by Buffy Sainte-Marie, released in 2008. One of Sainte-Marie's more successful albums, it spawned one single with \"No No Keshagesh\". Sainte-Marie also rewrote two verses of \"America The Beautiful\".", "title": "Running for the Drum" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Islamic tradition relates that Muhammad received his first revelation in the Cave of Hira during one of his isolated retreats to the mountains. Thereafter, he received revelations over a period of 23 years. According to hadith and Muslim history, after Muhammad immigrated to Medina and formed an independent Muslim community, he ordered many of his companions to recite the Quran and to learn and teach the laws, which were revealed daily. It is related that some of the Quraysh who were taken prisoners at the Battle of Badr regained their freedom after they had taught some of the Muslims the simple writing of the time. Thus a group of Muslims gradually became literate. As it was initially spoken, the Quran was recorded on tablets, bones, and the wide, flat ends of date palm fronds. Most suras were in use amongst early Muslims since they are mentioned in numerous sayings by both Sunni and Shia sources, relating Muhammad's use of the Quran as a call to Islam, the making of prayer and the manner of recitation. However, the Quran did not exist in book form at the time of Muhammad's death in 632. There is agreement among scholars that Muhammad himself did not write down the revelation.", "title": "Quran" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Others have rejected that the doctrine of Immaculate Conception exists in Islam, the Quranic account does not confirm the Immaculate Conception exclusively for Mary as in Islam every human child is born pure and immaculate, her sinless birth is thus independent of the Christian docrtrine of original sin as no such doctrine exists in Islam. Moreover, Hannah's prayer in the Quran for her child to remain protected from Satan (Shayṭān) was said after it had already been born, not before and expresses a natural concern any righteous parent would have. The Muslim tradition or hadith, which states that the only children born without the \"touch of Satan,\" were Mary and Jesus. should therefore not be taken in isolation from the Quran, and is to be interpreted within the specific context of exonerating Mary and her child from the charges that were made against them and is not a general statement. The specific mention of Mary and Jesus in this hadith may also be taken to represent a class of people, in keeping with the Arabic language and the Quranic verse [O Satan] surely thou shalt have no power over My servants, except such of the erring ones as choose to follow thee (15:42)", "title": "Immaculate Conception" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the Islamic tradition, Mary and Jesus were the only children who could not be touched by Satan at the moment of their birth, for God imposed a veil between them and Satan. According to author Shabbir Akhtar, the Islamic perspective on Mary's Immaculate Conception is compatible with the Catholic doctrine of the same topic. \"O People of the Book! Do not go beyond the bounds in your religion, and do not say anything of Allah but the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was but a Messenger of God, and a Word of His (Power) which He conveyed to Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah (as the One, Unique God), and His Messengers (including Jesus, as Messenger); and do not say: (Allah is one of) a trinity. Give up (this assertion) â€\" (it is) for your own good (to do so). Allah is but One Allah ; All-Glorified He is in that He is absolutely above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And Allah suffices as the One to be relied on, to Whom affairs should be referred.\" Quran 4/171", "title": "Mary, mother of Jesus" } ]	Which verse in Luke states that Mary had "no relations with man" before the birth of the individual that the Quran says was also from a pious family?	1:34	[]	Title: Imamate in Shia doctrine Passage: It is forbidden for the Divine Leader not to be from the family of Muhammad.[citation needed] According to Ali al-Ridha, since it is obligatory to obey him, there should be a sign to clearly indicate the Divine Leader. That sign is his well-known ties of kinship with Muhammad and his clear appointment so that the people could distinguish him from others, and be clearly guided toward him. Otherwise others are nobler than Muhammad's offspring and they are to be followed and obeyed; and the offspring of Muhammad are obedient and subject to the offspring of Muhammad’s enemies such as Abi Jahl or Ibn Abi Ma’eet.[original research?] However, Muhammad is much nobler than others to be in charge and to be obeyed. Moreover, once the prophethood of Muhammad is testified they would obey him, no one would hesitate to follow his offspring and this would not be hard for anyone. While to follow the offspring of the corrupted families is difficult.[original research?] And that is maybe why the basic characteristic of Muhammad and other prophets was their nobility.[original research?] For none of them, it is said, were originated from a disgraced family.[citation needed] It is believed that all Muhammad's ancestors up to Adam were true Muslims. [a][citation needed] Jesus was also from a pious family, as it is mentioned in Quran that after his birth, people said to Mary: O sister of Aaron, your father was not a man of evil, nor was your mother unchaste."[b][improper synthesis?] Title: Quran Passage: According to Shia beliefs, those who are firmly rooted in knowledge like Muhammad and the imams know the secrets of the Quran. According to Tabatabaei, the statement "none knows its interpretation except God" remains valid, without any opposing or qualifying clause. Therefore, so far as this verse is concerned, the knowledge of the Quran's interpretation is reserved for God. But Tabatabaei uses other verses and concludes that those who are purified by God know the interpretation of the Quran to a certain extent. Title: Al-Fatiha Passage: Sura 1 of the Quran الْفَاتِحَة Al - Fātiḥah The Opening Arabic text English translation Classification Meccan Other names The Key Position Juzʼ 1 No. of verses 7 No. of words 27 No. of letters 140 Al - Baqara → Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: In Methodism, Mary is honored as the Mother of God. Methodists do not have any additional teachings on the Virgin Mary except from what is mentioned in Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds. As such, Methodists believe that Mary was conceived in her womb through the Holy Ghost and accept the doctrine of the Virgin Birth, although they, along with Orthodox Christians and other Protestant Christians, reject the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary "continued a pure and unspotted virgin", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. In addition, some Methodists also hold the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary as a pious opinion. Title: Quran Passage: It's generally accepted that there are around 750 verses in the Quran dealing with natural phenomenon. In many of these verses the study of nature is "encouraged and highly recommended," and historical Islamic scientists like Al-Biruni and Al-Battani derived their inspiration from verses of the Quran. Mohammad Hashim Kamali has the stated that "scientific observation, experimental knowledge and rationality" are the primary tools with which humanity can achieve the goals laid out for it in the Quran. Ziauddin Sardar built a case for Muslims having developed the foundations of modern science, by highlighting the repeated calls of the Quran to observe and reflect upon natural phenomenon. "The 'scientific method,' as it is understood today, was first developed by Muslim scientists" like Ibn al-Haytham and Al-Biruni, along with numerous other Muslim scientists. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Virgin birth of Jesus was an almost universally held belief among Christians from the 2nd until the 19th century. It is included in the two most widely used Christian creeds, which state that Jesus "was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary" (the Nicene Creed in what is now its familiar form) and the Apostles' Creed. The Gospel of Matthew describes Mary as a virgin who fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah 7:14, mistranslating the Hebrew word alma ("young woman") in Isaiah 7:14 as "virgin", though.[citation needed] The authors of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke consider Jesus' conception not the result of intercourse and assert that Mary had "no relations with man" before Jesus' birth.[Mt 1:18] [Mt 1:25] [Lk 1:34] This alludes to the belief that Mary conceived Jesus through the action of God the Holy Spirit, and not through intercourse with Joseph or anyone else.	[ "Mary, mother of Jesus", "Imamate in Shia doctrine" ]
2hop__378822_321254	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Circus Surprise is a children's book written by Ralph Fletcher and illustrated by Vladimir Vagin. It was first published in 2001.", "title": "The Circus Surprise" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sixth Sense is a 1999 American supernatural horror drama film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. The film tells the story of Cole Sear (Haley Joel Osment), a boy who is able to see and talk to the dead, and Malcolm Crowe (Bruce Willis), a child psychologist who tries to help him. The film established Shyamalan as a writer and director, and introduced the cinema public to his traits, most notably his affinity for surprise endings.", "title": "The Sixth Sense" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fiona Kennedy Clark, OBE, DL is a Scottish singer, actress, and broadcaster, and the daughter of Scottish and Gaelic singers Calum Kennedy and Anne Gillies. As a child, she appeared with her parents as they performed as a family, and this developed into a successful solo career.", "title": "Fiona Kennedy" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Date: Feb 3, 2013 Location: Mercedes - Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: ``Run The World (Girls) ''(Intro) / Vince Lombardi`` Excellence'' speech voiceover ``Love on Top ''(chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)`` Crazy in Love'' (Beyoncé) ``End of Time ''(Beyoncé)`` Baby Boy'' (Beyoncé) ``Bootylicious ''(Destiny's Child)`` Independent Women Part I'' (Destiny's Child) ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''(Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)`` Halo'' (Beyoncé)", "title": "List of Super Bowl halftime shows" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Surprise City is a ghost town located in the Atlin Country Region of British Columbia. Surprise City is located on Otter Creek near the southwest end of Surprise Lake. Surprise City is also known as Otter Creek. The city existed to support the gold mining operations in the area.", "title": "Surprise City" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1997, the staff of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) examined and issued a recall for some Kinder Surprise illegally brought into the US with foreign labels. The staff determined that the toys within the eggs had small parts. The staff presumed that Kinder Surprise, being a chocolate product, was intended for children of all ages, including those under three years of age. On this basis, the staff took the position that Kinder Surprise was in violation of the small parts regulation and should be banned from importation into the US.", "title": "Kinder Surprise" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shake, Rattle & Roll X (also known as, Shake, Rattle and Roll 10) is a 2008 Philippine horror suspense in three acts from Regal Films. It is the tenth installment of the Shake, Rattle & Roll film series and top billed by Marian Rivera. It was also distributed by Regal Entertainment, Inc. and Regal Multimedia, Inc. It was an official entry in the 2008 Metro Manila Film Festival. The film was a box office success and won a Best Festival Child Performer Award for Robert Villar's performance.", "title": "Shake, Rattle & Roll X" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.", "title": "Beyoncé" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "It featured Harper Simon, Paul Simon's son. Also, its drummer was Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear.", "title": "Menlo Park (band)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born Leora Theresa Spellmeyer in Bonne Terre, Missouri, she began singing on stage as a child, and as a young lady began working in vaudeville where she met and married fellow performer Charles Middleton in 1910. They then teamed up to create a vaudeville act billed as \"Middleton and Spellmeyer.\"", "title": "Leora Spellman" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Beatles' rooftop concert was the final public performance of the English rock band the Beatles. On 30 January 1969, the band, with keyboardist Billy Preston, surprised a central London office and fashion district with an impromptu concert from the roof of the headquarters of the band's multimedia corporation Apple Corps at 3 Savile Row. In a 42 - minute set, the Beatles played nine takes of five songs before the Metropolitan Police asked them to reduce the volume. Footage from the performance was used in the 1970 documentary film Let It Be.", "title": "The Beatles' rooftop concert" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival is a live album by jazz musician Freddie Hubbard released on the Pablo label which features performances by Hubbard, David Schnitter, Billy Childs, Larry Klein and Sinclair Lott recorded at the North Sea Jazz Festival, The Hague, the Netherlands on July 12, 1980.", "title": "Live at the North Sea Jazz Festival, 1980 (Freddie Hubbard album)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Beatles' rooftop concert was the final public performance of the English rock band the Beatles. On 30 January 1969, the band, with keyboardist Billy Preston, surprised a central London office and fashion district with an impromptu concert from the roof of the headquarters of the band's multimedia corporation Apple Corps at 3 Savile Row. In a 42 - minute set, the Beatles were heard playing nine takes of five songs before the Metropolitan Police Service asked them to reduce the volume. Footage from the performance was later used in the 1970 documentary film Let It Be.", "title": "The Beatles' rooftop concert" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Surprise is the eleventh solo studio album by American musician Paul Simon, released in May 2006. It peaked at #14 on the Billboard 200.", "title": "Surprise (Paul Simon album)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sixth Sense is a 1999 American supernatural horror film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. The film tells the story of Cole Sear (Haley Joel Osment), a troubled, isolated boy who is able to see and talk to the dead, and an equally troubled child psychologist named Malcolm Crowe (Bruce Willis) who tries to help him. The film established Shyamalan as a writer and director, and introduced the cinema public to his traits, most notably his affinity for surprise endings.", "title": "The Sixth Sense" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nazih Zuhdi performed the first total intentional hemodilution open heart surgery on Terry Gene Nix, age 7, on 25 February 1960 at Mercy Hospital in Oklahoma City. The operation was a success; however, Nix died three years later. In March 1961, Zuhdi, Carey, and Greer performed open heart surgery on a child, age 3 ⁄, using the total intentional hemodilution machine.", "title": "Cardiac surgery" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Julie Dawn Cole (born 26 October 1957) is an English actress who has been active for some 40 years. She began as a child performer in what remains her best - remembered film, 1971's Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, playing the spoiled Veruca Salt. She has two children.", "title": "Julie Dawn Cole" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On March 25, 2018, the group reunited with their surprise closing set at the 20th Anniversary of Ultra Music Festival in Miami, 2018.", "title": "Swedish House Mafia" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ari Lehman (born May 2, 1965 in New York, New York) is an American performing artist, composer, and actor. He is known for having played the first Jason Voorhees as a child in the Paramount horror film \"Friday the 13th\". Lehman currently performs in a punk rock/heavy metal band, First Jason.", "title": "Ari Lehman" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Willow Canyon High School is a high school in Surprise, Arizona, U.S., under the jurisdiction of the Dysart Unified School District.", "title": "Willow Canyon High School" } ]	Whose father released an album called Surprise?	Harper Simon	[]	Title: The Sixth Sense Passage: The Sixth Sense is a 1999 American supernatural horror film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. The film tells the story of Cole Sear (Haley Joel Osment), a troubled, isolated boy who is able to see and talk to the dead, and an equally troubled child psychologist named Malcolm Crowe (Bruce Willis) who tries to help him. The film established Shyamalan as a writer and director, and introduced the cinema public to his traits, most notably his affinity for surprise endings. Title: Surprise (Paul Simon album) Passage: Surprise is the eleventh solo studio album by American musician Paul Simon, released in May 2006. It peaked at #14 on the Billboard 200. Title: List of Super Bowl halftime shows Passage: Date: Feb 3, 2013 Location: Mercedes - Benz Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Performers: Beyoncé, Destiny's Child Producer: Ricky Kirshner Director: Hamish Hamilton Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: ``Run The World (Girls) ''(Intro) / Vince Lombardi`` Excellence'' speech voiceover ``Love on Top ''(chorus a cappella) (Beyoncé)`` Crazy in Love'' (Beyoncé) ``End of Time ''(Beyoncé)`` Baby Boy'' (Beyoncé) ``Bootylicious ''(Destiny's Child)`` Independent Women Part I'' (Destiny's Child) ``Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) ''(Beyoncé featuring Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams)`` Halo'' (Beyoncé) Title: The Beatles' rooftop concert Passage: The Beatles' rooftop concert was the final public performance of the English rock band the Beatles. On 30 January 1969, the band, with keyboardist Billy Preston, surprised a central London office and fashion district with an impromptu concert from the roof of the headquarters of the band's multimedia corporation Apple Corps at 3 Savile Row. In a 42 - minute set, the Beatles played nine takes of five songs before the Metropolitan Police asked them to reduce the volume. Footage from the performance was used in the 1970 documentary film Let It Be. Title: Menlo Park (band) Passage: It featured Harper Simon, Paul Simon's son. Also, its drummer was Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear. Title: Shake, Rattle & Roll X Passage: Shake, Rattle & Roll X (also known as, Shake, Rattle and Roll 10) is a 2008 Philippine horror suspense in three acts from Regal Films. It is the tenth installment of the Shake, Rattle & Roll film series and top billed by Marian Rivera. It was also distributed by Regal Entertainment, Inc. and Regal Multimedia, Inc. It was an official entry in the 2008 Metro Manila Film Festival. The film was a box office success and won a Best Festival Child Performer Award for Robert Villar's performance.	[ "Menlo Park (band)", "Surprise (Paul Simon album)" ]
3hop1__63235_64942_386638	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2006 FIFA World Cup FIFA Fußball - Weltmeisterschaft Deutschland 2006 2006 FIFA World Cup official logo Eine Zeit, um Freunde zu finden (A time to make friends) Tournament details Host country Germany Dates 9 June -- 9 July Teams 32 (from 6 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 12 host cities) Final positions Champions Italy (4th title) Runners - up France Third place Germany Fourth place Portugal Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 147 (2.3 per match) Attendance 3,359,439 (52,491 per match) Top scorer (s) Miroslav Klose (5 goals) Best player Zinedine Zidane Best young player Lukas Podolski Best goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon Fair play award Brazil Spain ← 2002 2010 →", "title": "2006 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The episode was directed by James Burrows, written by Alexa Junge and guest - stars Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles as Jack and Judy Geller, Michael Ray Bower as Monica's date and Patrick Kerr as the restaurant manager.", "title": "The One with the Prom Video" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The color line was breached when Rickey, with Chandler's support, signed the African American player Jackie Robinson in October 1945, intending him to play for the Dodgers. Chandler later wrote in his biography that although he risked losing his job as commissioner, he could not in good conscience tell black players they could not play with white players when they had fought alongside them in World War II. date", "title": "Baseball color line" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the stereotypical high school community of John Hughes High in Southern California, attractive Priscilla (Jaime Pressly), a popular cheerleader, separates from her talented football star but slacker boyfriend, Jake Wyler (Chris Evans). After Jake discovers that Priscilla is now dating timid and weird Les (Riley Smith) just to spite him, one of Jake's friends, Austin (Eric Christian Olsen), suggests seeking Retributive justice by turning Janey Briggs (Chyler Leigh), a ``uniquely rebellious girl '', into the prom queen.", "title": "Not Another Teen Movie" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hellblazer Presents: Chas – The Knowledge is a comic book limited series, written by Simon Oliver, with artwork by Goran Sudžuka, and cover art by Glenn Fabry. It is a spin-off from the Vertigo series \"Hellblazer\", featuring John Constantine's oldest and closest friend, Francis 'Chas' Chandler.", "title": "Hellblazer Presents: Chas – The Knowledge" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``We're Going to Be Friends ''Single by The White Stripes from the album White Blood Cells Released Late 2002 Format CD Recorded Early 2001 Genre Folk rock, acoustic rock Length 2: 28 Label V2 Records Songwriter (s) Jack White Producer (s) Jack White The White Stripes singles chronology`` Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground'' (2002) ``We're Going to Be Friends ''(2002)`` Red Death at 6: 14'' (2002) ``Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground ''(2002)`` We're Going to Be Friends'' (2002) ``Red Death at 6: 14 ''(2002)", "title": "We're Going to Be Friends" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Partners, Brothers and Friends\" is a song written by Jeff Hanna and Jimmy Ibbotson and recorded by American country music group Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. It was released in February 1986 as the third single and title track from the album \"Partners, Brothers and Friends\". The song reached number 6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "Partners, Brothers and Friends" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the third round, the Prom, a confused Shanaya picks Rohan's friend Jeet Khurana (Sahil Anand) as her partner as she ca n't choose between Abhimanyu and Rohan. Rohan, who disowns Jeet and ends his friendship with him, goes with Tanya and Abhimanyu with Shanaya's ex best friend Shruti Pathak (Manasi Rachh) when she has a spat with Shanaya. Shanaya is disqualified for leaving the dance before it ends. The last round of the competition is a triathlon. Abhimanyu is winning but sees how Ashok does n't want Rohan to win. He intentionally slows down and lets Rohan win. In the award ceremony, Yogi is abused by a drunken friend of theirs, Kaizad ``Sudo ''Sodabottleopenerwala (Kayoze Irani) due to which he eventually retires.", "title": "Student of the Year" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Chandler's best friend is Ross Geller (David Schwimmer), who was his college roommate. He and Ross were in a band named Way / No Way during college. He met Ross's sister, Monica Geller (Courteney Cox), and her friend, Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), while celebrating Thanksgiving at Ross's House. Chandler was the first person to know about Ross's love for Rachel. He moved to New York City and lives across the hall from Monica and, through her, meets Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow). At some point during this time, Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc) moves in with him and they become best friends. Chandler has a very good sense of humor, and is notoriously sarcastic. He is the highest earning member of his friends circle on account of responsible income management, having learned the value of money from a young age. He suffers from commitment issues, but later marries Monica.", "title": "Chandler Bing" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Holden (Jordan Fisher) is Liv's main love interest. His first appearance was in ``Neighbors - a-Rooney '', where he has just come back from boarding school. At first Liv dislikes him because when they were younger he stole her Goodbye Puppy pen, but later in the episode he confesses that he only took her pen because he had a childhood crush on her. By the end of the episode, Liv develops strong romantic feelings towards him. However, in`` Prom - a-Rooney'', Holden goes to the prom with Liv's friend Andie and they begin a relationship that lasts for the remaining episodes of the second season. In ``Band - a-Rooney '', Holden, Liv, Andie, and Willow start a band together called The Dream.", "title": "List of Liv and Maddie characters" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Casey Affleck as Lee Chandler, a grief - stricken loner Michelle Williams as Randi, Lee's ex-wife Kyle Chandler as Joseph ``Joe ''Chandler, Lee's brother Lucas Hedges as Patrick Chandler, 16 - year - old son of Joe and Elise Ben O'Brien as young Patrick Gretchen Mol as Elise Chandler, Joe's former wife C.J. Wilson as George, the Chandlers' family friend Tate Donovan as Patrick's hockey coach Kara Hayward as Silvie McGann, one of Patrick's girlfriends Anna Baryshnikov as Sandy, one of Patrick's girlfriends Heather Burns as Jill, Sandy's mother Erica McDermott as Sue, boat yard boss Matthew Broderick as Jeffrey, Elise's fiancé Oscar Wahlberg as Joel, Patrick's friend Stephen Henderson as Mr. Emery, Lee's boss Josh Hamilton as Wes, Joe's Lawyer", "title": "Manchester by the Sea (film)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2006 FIFA World Cup FIFA Fußball - Weltmeisterschaft Deutschland 2006 2006 FIFA World Cup official logo Eine zeit, um freunde zu finden (A time to make friends) Tournament details Host country Germany Dates 9 June -- 9 July Teams 32 (from 6 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 12 host cities) Final positions Champions Italy (4th title) Runners - up France Third place Germany Fourth place Portugal Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 147 (2.3 per match) Attendance 3,359,439 (52,491 per match) Top scorer (s) Miroslav Klose (5 goals) Best player Zinedine Zidane Best young player Lukas Podolski Best goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon ← 2002 2010 →", "title": "2006 FIFA World Cup" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Carrie Kei Heim as Cornelia, B.Z.'s 9 - year - old step - niece and orphan, who becomes Joe's conscience and best friend.", "title": "Santa Claus: The Movie" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ross and Chandler have been best friends since college, where they were roommates at Columbia University. They were in a band together, shared weird hair and fashion styles, and graduated from college in 1991.", "title": "Chandler Bing" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dance of the Dead is a 2008 American independent zombie comedy, directed by Gregg Bishop and written by Joe Ballarini. The film featured Jared Kusnitz, Greyson Chadwick, Chandler Darby, Lucas Till, Blair Redford and Carissa Capobianco. The plot revolves around the mysterious reanimation of the dead and the efforts of several students to save their high school prom from attack.", "title": "Dance of the Dead (film)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Peppa Pig is a British preschool animated television series produced by Astley Baker Davies. The show features the eponymous pig along with her family and friends. Each episode is approximately five minutes long and there have been five seasons to date. Peppa Pig has been broadcast in over 180 countries.", "title": "List of Peppa Pig episodes" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''Single by Randy Newman and Lyle Lovett from the album Toy Story Released April 12, 1996 Format Cassette, CD single, digital download Genre Country, pop, soundtrack Length 2: 39 Label Walt Disney Songwriter (s) Randy Newman Producer (s) Randy Newman Randy Newman singles chronology`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010)`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010) Lyle Lovett singles chronology`` Do n't Touch My Hat'' (1996) Do n't Touch My Hat 1996 ``You've Got a Friend in Me ''(1996) You've Got a Friend in Me1996`` Private Conversation'' (1997) Private Conversation1997", "title": "You've Got a Friend in Me" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``The One with the Prom Video ''is the fourteenth episode of the second season, and the 38th episode overall, of the American television situation comedy Friends, which first aired on NBC on February 1, 1996. The episode focuses on the main characters watching Monica (Courteney Cox) and Rachel (Jennifer Aniston) getting ready for their high school prom in the titular video. A subplot sees a now - wealthy Joey (Matt LeBlanc) buying roommate Chandler (Matthew Perry) an unusual gift.", "title": "The One with the Prom Video" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Butley is a play by Simon Gray set in the office of an English lecturer at a university in London, England. The title character, a T. S. Eliot scholar, is an alcoholic who loses his wife and his close friend and colleague – and possibly male lover – on the same day. The action of the dark comedy takes place over several hours on the same day during which he bullies students, friends and colleagues while falling apart at the seams. The play won the 1971 \"Evening Standard Award\" for Best Play.", "title": "Butley (play)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Dinner with Raphael is a 2009 American short comedy film written and directed by Joey Boukadakis, starring Dianna Agron, Paul Boukadakis, Michael Bower, Brett Paesel and Richard Riehle.", "title": "Dinner with Raphael" } ]	In what country does the actor who played the prom date of the person who Chandler ends up with on Friends hold citizenship?	America	[ "US" ]	Title: We're Going to Be Friends Passage: ``We're Going to Be Friends ''Single by The White Stripes from the album White Blood Cells Released Late 2002 Format CD Recorded Early 2001 Genre Folk rock, acoustic rock Length 2: 28 Label V2 Records Songwriter (s) Jack White Producer (s) Jack White The White Stripes singles chronology`` Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground'' (2002) ``We're Going to Be Friends ''(2002)`` Red Death at 6: 14'' (2002) ``Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground ''(2002)`` We're Going to Be Friends'' (2002) ``Red Death at 6: 14 ''(2002) Title: Chandler Bing Passage: Chandler's best friend is Ross Geller (David Schwimmer), who was his college roommate. He and Ross were in a band named Way / No Way during college. He met Ross's sister, Monica Geller (Courteney Cox), and her friend, Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), while celebrating Thanksgiving at Ross's House. Chandler was the first person to know about Ross's love for Rachel. He moved to New York City and lives across the hall from Monica and, through her, meets Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow). At some point during this time, Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc) moves in with him and they become best friends. Chandler has a very good sense of humor, and is notoriously sarcastic. He is the highest earning member of his friends circle on account of responsible income management, having learned the value of money from a young age. He suffers from commitment issues, but later marries Monica. Title: The One with the Prom Video Passage: The episode was directed by James Burrows, written by Alexa Junge and guest - stars Elliott Gould and Christina Pickles as Jack and Judy Geller, Michael Ray Bower as Monica's date and Patrick Kerr as the restaurant manager. Title: Chandler Bing Passage: Ross and Chandler have been best friends since college, where they were roommates at Columbia University. They were in a band together, shared weird hair and fashion styles, and graduated from college in 1991. Title: Dinner with Raphael Passage: Dinner with Raphael is a 2009 American short comedy film written and directed by Joey Boukadakis, starring Dianna Agron, Paul Boukadakis, Michael Bower, Brett Paesel and Richard Riehle. Title: Baseball color line Passage: The color line was breached when Rickey, with Chandler's support, signed the African American player Jackie Robinson in October 1945, intending him to play for the Dodgers. Chandler later wrote in his biography that although he risked losing his job as commissioner, he could not in good conscience tell black players they could not play with white players when they had fought alongside them in World War II. date	[ "The One with the Prom Video", "Chandler Bing", "Dinner with Raphael" ]
3hop1__207895_387618_36839	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hollows was originally a New Zealand citizen. He declined the award of honorary Officer of the Order of Australia in 1985. He adopted Australian citizenship in 1989 and was named Australian of the Year in 1990. He accepted the substantive award of Companion of the Order of Australia in 1991.", "title": "Fred Hollows" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Qing China reached its largest extent during the 18th century, when it ruled China proper (eighteen provinces) as well as the areas of present-day Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet, at approximately 13 million km2 in size. There were originally 18 provinces, all of which in China proper, but later this number was increased to 22, with Manchuria and Xinjiang being divided or turned into provinces. Taiwan, originally part of Fujian province, became a province of its own in the late 19th century, but was ceded to the Empire of Japan in 1895 following the First Sino-Japanese War. In addition, many surrounding countries, such as Korea (Joseon dynasty), Vietnam frequently paid tribute to China during much of this period. Khanate of Kokand were forced to submit as protectorate and pay tribute to the Qing dynasty in China between 1774 and 1798.", "title": "Qing dynasty" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Roger Federer Federer at Wimbledon in 2009. Country (sports) Switzerland Residence Bottmingen, Switzerland (1981 - 08 - 08) 8 August 1981 (age 36) Basel, Switzerland Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) Turned pro 1998 Plays Right - handed (one - handed backhand) Prize money US $108,250,560 2nd all - time leader in earnings Official website rogerfederer.com Singles Career record 1121 -- 249 (81.82%) Career titles 93 (3rd in the Open Era) Highest ranking No. 1 (2 February 2004) Current ranking No. 2 (25 September 2017) Grand Slam Singles results Australian Open W (2004, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2017) French Open W (2009) Wimbledon W (2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2017) US Open W (2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008) Other tournaments Tour Finals W (2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011) Olympic Games F (2012) Doubles Career record 129 -- 89 (59.17%) Career titles 8 Highest ranking No. 24 (9 June 2003) Current ranking -- (25 September 2017) Grand Slam Doubles results Australian Open 3R (2003) French Open 1R (2000) Wimbledon QF (2000) US Open 3R (2002) Other doubles tournaments Olympic Games W (2008) Team competitions Davis Cup W (2014) Hopman Cup W (2001) Olympic medal record (hide) 2008 Beijing Doubles 2012 London Singles Last updated on: 25 September 2017.", "title": "Roger Federer" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Men's Singles 2015 French Open Champion Stan Wawrinka Runner - up Novak Djokovic Final score 4 -- 6, 6 -- 4, 6 -- 3, 6 -- 4 Events Singles men women boys girls Doubles men women mixed boys girls Legends − 45 45 + women WC Singles men women WC Doubles men women ← 2014 French Open 2016 →", "title": "2015 French Open – Men's Singles" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mahesh Shrinivas Bhupathi (born 7 June 1974) is a retired Indian professional tennis player. In 1997, he became the first Indian to win a Grand Slam tournament (with Rika Hiraki). With his win at the Australian Open mixed doubles in 2006, he joined the elite group of eight tennis players who have achieved a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles. He is also the founder of International Premier Tennis League. In December 2016, Bhupathi was appointed as India's next non-playing Davis Cup captain and took over the reins from Anand Amritraj in February 2017.", "title": "Mahesh Bhupathi" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Double Hour () is a 2009 Italian romantic thriller film. It is directed by Giuseppe Capotondi, produced by Francesca Cima and Nicola Giuliano, and stars Filippo Timi and Kseniya Rappoport. Principal photography began in October 2008 in Turin, Italy. The film opened in Italy on October 9, 2009, after premiering in competition at Venice Film Festival in September 2009, where it eventually won the Volpi Cup award for Best Actress for Rappoport. It was also screened at the 2009 Toronto Film Festival. Samuel Goldwyn Films released The Double Hour in the US on April 15, 2011.", "title": "The Double Hour" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2014 Australian Open was a tennis tournament that took place at Melbourne Park between 13–26 January 2014. It was the 102nd edition of the Australian Open, and the first Grand Slam tournament of the year. The tournament consisted of events for professional players in singles, doubles and mixed doubles play. Junior and wheelchair players competed in singles and doubles tournaments.", "title": "2014 Australian Open" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lucie Hradecká (; born 21 May 1985 in Prague) is a tennis player from the Czech Republic. In her career, Hradecká has won 19 WTA doubles titles, and two Grand Slam titles, the 2011 French Open and the 2013 US Open, partnered both times by fellow Czech Andrea Hlaváčková. The pair are also the 2012 Olympic silver medallists in doubles. Hradecká has also won a mixed doubles title at the 2013 French Open with František Čermák, and an Olympic bronze medal alongside Radek Štěpánek at the 2016 Rio Olympics. Her biggest singles career highlight to date was defeating former world No. 1 Ana Ivanovic in the first round of the 2015 Australian Open.", "title": "Lucie Hradecká" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Final took place between Switzerland and Brazil on 22 November 2009 at Jumeirah Beach, Dubai. Brazil were the winners, winning by ten goals to five. Brazil have beaten fifteen other teams to be crowned \"FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup 2009 Winners\". It was Brazil's fourth title in a row.", "title": "2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Final" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kathryn \"Kathy\" Jordan (born December 3, 1959) is a former American tennis player. During her career, she won seven Grand Slam titles, five of them in women's doubles and two in mixed doubles. She also was the 1983 Australian Open women's singles runner-up and won three singles titles and 42 doubles titles.", "title": "Kathy Jordan" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hsieh Cheng-peng (; born 22 September 1991) is a professional tour tennis player from Taiwan. Alongside Tsung-Hua Yang he won the 2008 Wimbledon Championships - Boys' Doubles title. He won the 2009 US Open - Boys' Doubles with Márton Fucsovics, as well as the 2008 Australian Open - Boys' Doubles title with Tsung-Hua Yang and the 2009 Australian Open - Boys' Doubles title with Francis Casey Alcantara.", "title": "Hsieh Cheng-peng" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia.", "title": "Telman Ismailov" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sloane Stephens won her first Grand Slam title, defeating Madison Keys in the final, 6 -- 3, 6 -- 0. It was the first all - American women's final at the US Open since 2002, and the second time in three years that the final featured two first - time Grand Slam singles finalists from the same country. Stephens became the second unseeded woman in the Open era to win the US Open after Kim Clijsters in 2009.", "title": "2017 US Open – Women's Singles" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hsieh Cheng-peng and Yang Tsung-hua were the defending champions, but only Cheng-peng participated this year. He partnered with Francis Casey Alcantara and won the final 6–4, 6–2, over Mikhail Biryukov and Yasutaka Uchiyama.", "title": "2009 Australian Open – Boys' Doubles" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lorraine Coghlan Robinson (née Coghlan; born 23 September 1937) is a former tennis player from the state of Victoria in Australia. In 1956, she won the Australian Championships Girls' Singles title. Coghlan teamed with Bob Howe to win the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon in 1958. Coghlan and Howe were also the runners-up in mixed doubles at the 1958 French Championships.", "title": "Lorraine Coghlan" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fujino also became the first female Japanese swimmer to dip under 4:30 barrier in the 400 m individual medley, smashing a Japanese record and her own tech suit best of 4:29.77 at the 2009 Japan Open in Tokyo.", "title": "Maiko Fujino" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Australian Open Men's Singles final was the championship tennis match of the Men's Singles tournament at the 2017 Australian Open. It was contested between Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal, ranked 17th and 9th in the world respectively. It was their record ninth meeting in a Grand Slam final in their rivalry, and their 1st meeting in a Grand Slam final since the 2011 French Open. In a rematch of the 2009 Australian Open final, which Nadal won in 5 sets, Roger Federer won the duel in 5 sets, beating Nadal for the first time in a Grand Slam since the 2007 Wimbledon final. He also trailed Nadal 3 -- 1 in the final set but won 5 games in a row to win the title. This ended a 6 - match losing streak against Nadal in Grand Slam events. Having lost all of their previous three encounters, this was the first time Federer defeated Nadal at the Australian Open and also marked Federer's first Grand Slam victory over Nadal outside the grass courts of Wimbledon. Federer extended his record of Grand Slam men's singles titles to 18 exceeding the previous record of 14 held by Pete Sampras.", "title": "2017 Australian Open – Men's singles final" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Result Year Tournament Surface Opponent Score Runner - up 2008 US Open Hard Roger Federer 2 -- 6, 5 -- 7, 2 -- 6 Runner - up Australian Open Hard Roger Federer 3 -- 6, 4 -- 6, 6 -- 7 Runner - up 2011 Australian Open (2) Hard Novak Djokovic 4 -- 6, 2 -- 6, 3 -- 6 Runner - up 2012 Wimbledon Grass Roger Federer 6 -- 4, 5 -- 7, 3 -- 6, 4 -- 6 Winner 2012 US Open Hard Novak Djokovic 7 -- 6, 7 -- 5, 2 -- 6, 3 -- 6, 6 -- 2 Runner - up 2013 Australian Open (3) Hard Novak Djokovic 7 -- 6, 6 -- 7, 3 -- 6, 2 -- 6 Winner 2013 Wimbledon Grass Novak Djokovic 6 -- 4, 7 -- 5, 6 -- 4 Runner - up 2015 Australian Open (4) Hard Novak Djokovic 6 -- 7, 7 -- 6, 3 -- 6, 0 -- 6 Runner - up 2016 Australian Open (5) Hard Novak Djokovic 1 -- 6, 5 -- 7, 6 -- 7 Runner - up 2016 French Open Clay Novak Djokovic 6 -- 3, 1 -- 6, 2 -- 6, 4 -- 6 Winner 2016 Wimbledon (2) Grass Milos Raonic 6 -- 4, 7 -- 6, 7 -- 6", "title": "Andy Murray" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Thompson obtained Japanese citizenship in July 2011 after 7 years in Japan, and is well settled. His sister Anna Thompson is a member of the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns.", "title": "Luke Thompson (rugby union)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The unofficial 1940 International Cross Country Championships was held in Paris, France, at the Bois de Boulogne on March 24, 1940. The event was open for male junior athletes.", "title": "1940 International Cross Country Championships" } ]	How did the Japanese win the country of citizenship of the winner of the 2009 Australian Open – Boys' Doubles?	First Sino-Japanese	[ "First Sino-Japanese War" ]	Title: 2009 Australian Open – Boys' Doubles Passage: Hsieh Cheng-peng and Yang Tsung-hua were the defending champions, but only Cheng-peng participated this year. He partnered with Francis Casey Alcantara and won the final 6–4, 6–2, over Mikhail Biryukov and Yasutaka Uchiyama. Title: Andy Murray Passage: Result Year Tournament Surface Opponent Score Runner - up 2008 US Open Hard Roger Federer 2 -- 6, 5 -- 7, 2 -- 6 Runner - up Australian Open Hard Roger Federer 3 -- 6, 4 -- 6, 6 -- 7 Runner - up 2011 Australian Open (2) Hard Novak Djokovic 4 -- 6, 2 -- 6, 3 -- 6 Runner - up 2012 Wimbledon Grass Roger Federer 6 -- 4, 5 -- 7, 3 -- 6, 4 -- 6 Winner 2012 US Open Hard Novak Djokovic 7 -- 6, 7 -- 5, 2 -- 6, 3 -- 6, 6 -- 2 Runner - up 2013 Australian Open (3) Hard Novak Djokovic 7 -- 6, 6 -- 7, 3 -- 6, 2 -- 6 Winner 2013 Wimbledon Grass Novak Djokovic 6 -- 4, 7 -- 5, 6 -- 4 Runner - up 2015 Australian Open (4) Hard Novak Djokovic 6 -- 7, 7 -- 6, 3 -- 6, 0 -- 6 Runner - up 2016 Australian Open (5) Hard Novak Djokovic 1 -- 6, 5 -- 7, 6 -- 7 Runner - up 2016 French Open Clay Novak Djokovic 6 -- 3, 1 -- 6, 2 -- 6, 4 -- 6 Winner 2016 Wimbledon (2) Grass Milos Raonic 6 -- 4, 7 -- 6, 7 -- 6 Title: Kathy Jordan Passage: Kathryn "Kathy" Jordan (born December 3, 1959) is a former American tennis player. During her career, she won seven Grand Slam titles, five of them in women's doubles and two in mixed doubles. She also was the 1983 Australian Open women's singles runner-up and won three singles titles and 42 doubles titles. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: Qing China reached its largest extent during the 18th century, when it ruled China proper (eighteen provinces) as well as the areas of present-day Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Outer Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet, at approximately 13 million km2 in size. There were originally 18 provinces, all of which in China proper, but later this number was increased to 22, with Manchuria and Xinjiang being divided or turned into provinces. Taiwan, originally part of Fujian province, became a province of its own in the late 19th century, but was ceded to the Empire of Japan in 1895 following the First Sino-Japanese War. In addition, many surrounding countries, such as Korea (Joseon dynasty), Vietnam frequently paid tribute to China during much of this period. Khanate of Kokand were forced to submit as protectorate and pay tribute to the Qing dynasty in China between 1774 and 1798. Title: Hsieh Cheng-peng Passage: Hsieh Cheng-peng (; born 22 September 1991) is a professional tour tennis player from Taiwan. Alongside Tsung-Hua Yang he won the 2008 Wimbledon Championships - Boys' Doubles title. He won the 2009 US Open - Boys' Doubles with Márton Fucsovics, as well as the 2008 Australian Open - Boys' Doubles title with Tsung-Hua Yang and the 2009 Australian Open - Boys' Doubles title with Francis Casey Alcantara. Title: 1940 International Cross Country Championships Passage: The unofficial 1940 International Cross Country Championships was held in Paris, France, at the Bois de Boulogne on March 24, 1940. The event was open for male junior athletes.	[ "Qing dynasty", "Hsieh Cheng-peng", "2009 Australian Open – Boys' Doubles" ]
3hop1__542182_670836_74170	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Cootharaba is a lake on the Noosa River within the locality of Noosa North Shore in the Shire of Noosa, Queensland, Australia. It is the gateway to the Everglades, a popular tourist attraction for Noosa, being 20 km away from Noosa. The lake's major access is the town of Boreen Point, as well as the smaller camping-spot of Elanda Point.", "title": "Lake Cootharaba" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Everglades: River of Grass is a non-fiction book written by Marjory Stoneman Douglas in 1947. Published the same year as the formal opening of Everglades National Park, the book was a call to attention about the degrading quality of life in the Everglades and remains an influential book on nature conservation as well as a reference for information on South Florida. It was used as recently as 2007 by \"The New York Times\".", "title": "The Everglades: River of Grass" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Besides slaves, there were a number of free people of color in the state. Most were descended from free African Americans who had migrated along with neighbors from Virginia during the 18th century. The majority were the descendants of unions in the working classes between white women, indentured servants or free, and African men, indentured, slave or free. After the Revolution, Quakers and Mennonites worked to persuade slaveholders to free their slaves. Some were inspired by their efforts and the language of the Revolution to arrange for manumission of their slaves. The number of free people of color rose markedly in the first couple of decades after the Revolution.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The history of immigration to the United States details the movement of people to the United States starting with the first European settlements from around 1600. Beginning around this time, British and other Europeans settled primarily on the east coast. Later Africans were imported as slaves. The United States experienced successive waves of immigration, particularly from Europe. Immigrants sometimes paid the cost of transoceanic transportation by becoming indentured servants after their arrival in the New World. Later, immigration rules became more restrictive; the ending of numerical restrictions occurred in 1965. Recently, cheap air travel has increased immigration from Asia and Latin America.", "title": "History of immigration to the United States" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Green Grass, Running Water is a 1993 novel by Thomas King, a writer of Cherokee and Greek/German-American descent, and United States and Canadian dual citizenship. He was born and grew up in the United States, and has lived in Canada since 1980. The novel is set in a contemporary First Nations Blackfoot community in Alberta, Canada. It gained attention due to its unique use of structure, narrative, and the fusion of oral and written literary traditions. The novel is rife with humor and satire, particularly regarding Judeo-Christian beliefs as well as Western government and society. \"Green Grass, Running Water\" was a finalist for the 1993 Governor General's Award in Fiction.", "title": "Green Grass, Running Water" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the colonial years, while conditions were more fluid, white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, servant, slave or free, made unions. Because the women were free, their mixed-race children were born free; they and their descendants formed most of the families of free people of color during the colonial period in Virginia. The scholar Paul Heinegg found that eighty percent of the free people of color in North Carolina in censuses from 1790–1810 could be traced to families free in Virginia in colonial years.", "title": "Multiracial Americans" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shark Valley is a geological depression at the head of the Shark River Slough in far western Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It is currently part of Everglades National Park. Shark Valley empties into Shark River in the Ten Thousand Islands of Monroe County. Shark Valley characteristically includes sawgrass prairie that floods during the rainy season, hence the name \"river of grass\"—\"Pa-Hay-Okee\", from the Mikasuki language—for such marshes in the Everglades. Shark Valley features a Visitor Center with educational displays, a park video, an underwater camera and informational brochures. The entrance to Shark Valley is located along Tamiami Trail (US 41) near the Miami-Dade–Collier County line.", "title": "Shark Valley" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Most of the English colonists had arrived as indentured servants, hiring themselves out as laborers for a fixed period to pay for their passage. In the early years the line between indentured servants and African slaves or laborers was fluid. Some Africans were allowed to earn their freedom before slavery became a lifelong status. Most of the free colored families formed in North Carolina before the Revolution were descended from unions or marriages between free white women and enslaved or free African or African-American men. Because the mothers were free, their children were born free. Many had migrated or were descendants of migrants from colonial Virginia. As the flow of indentured laborers to the colony decreased with improving economic conditions in Great Britain, planters imported more slaves, and the state's legal delineations between free and slave status tightened, effectively hardening the latter into a racial caste. The economy's growth and prosperity was based on slave labor, devoted first to the production of tobacco.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In July 2012, Ancestry.com reported on historic and DNA research by its staff that discovered that Obama is likely a descendant through his mother of John Punch, considered by some historians to be the first African slave in the Virginia colony. An indentured servant, he was \"bound for life\" in 1640 after trying to escape. The story of him and his descendants is that of multi-racial America since it appeared he and his sons married or had unions with white women, likely indentured servants and working-class like them. Their multi-racial children were free because they were born to free English women. Over time, Obama's line of the Bunch family (as they became known) were property owners and continued to \"marry white\"; they became part of white society, likely by the early to mid-18th century.", "title": "Black people" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide \"conclusive evidence\" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as \"among the world's least wanted\" and \"one of the world's most persecuted minorities.\" But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.", "title": "Myanmar" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Brague is a river in the département of Alpes-Maritimes and the région of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in France. The Brague takes its source near Châteauneuf-Grasse and ends in the Mediterranean Sea near Antibes.", "title": "Brague" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Charles Brickett Haddock (20 June 1796, Franklin, New Hampshire - 15 January 1861, West Lebanon, New Hampshire) was a New Hampshire educator, author, politician and civil servant.", "title": "Charles Brickett Haddock" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as \"Central Sudan\". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the Niger River. The word ( Niger ) is an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Egerew n-igerewen means River of the Rivers.", "title": "Nigeria" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures. However, while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants, at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured, or whose indenture had expired, and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies. Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey. Other colonies saw far fewer of them. The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners. Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily, Tomlins estimates that 48% were indentured. About 75% of these were under the age of 25. The age of adulthood for men was 24 years (not 21); those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years. Regarding the children who came, Gary Nash reports that ``many of the servants were actually nephews, nieces, cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen, who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America. ''", "title": "Indentured servitude" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Everglades Digital Library is hosted and supported by the Florida International University Libraries, in collaboration with Everglades National Park, the University of Florida Libraries, and numerous other agencies and research organizations. The Everglades Digital Library is a library with multiple large and growing collections that regularly add new materials, including scientific and technical reports, natural history writings, educational resources, maps, photographs, and additional contextual materials on and relating to the greater Everglades.", "title": "Everglades Digital Library" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A Jagunço (), from the Portuguese \"zarguncho\" (a weapon of African origin, similar to a short lance or \"chuzo\"), is a armed hand or bodyguard, usually hired by big farmers and \"colonels\" in the backlands of Brazil, especially in the Northern regions. They were hired to protect their employer, big land owner against invaders and feudal enemies, and also to control their slaves and indentured servants. Some farmers formed their own private militias with a number of heavily armed jagunços. There were also free-lancing or mercenary jagunços, who could be hired for temporary conflicts, as vigilantes, or for contract murders. Local folklore says that jagunços with yellow eyes were particularly fearsome and efficient.", "title": "Jagunço" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Bank of Everglades Building (also known as Everglades Vacation Rentals) was a bank in Everglades City, Florida, United States. It is located at 201 West Broadway. On July 15, 1999, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.", "title": "Bank of Everglades Building" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everglades National Park is a U.S. National Park in Florida that protects the southern 20 percent of the original Everglades. In the United States, it is the largest tropical wilderness, the largest wilderness of any kind east of the Mississippi River, and is visited on average by one million people each year. It is the third - largest national park in the lower 48 states after Death Valley and Yellowstone. It has been declared an International Biosphere Reserve, a World Heritage Site, and a Wetland of International Importance, one of only three locations in the world to appear on all three lists.", "title": "Everglades National Park" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas (April 7, 1890 – May 14, 1998) was an American journalist, author, women's suffrage advocate, and conservationist known for her staunch defense of the Everglades against efforts to drain it and reclaim land for development. Moving to Miami as a young woman to work for \"The Miami Herald\", she became a freelance writer, producing over one hundred short stories that were published in popular magazines. Her most influential work was the book \"\" (1947), which redefined the popular conception of the Everglades as a treasured river instead of a worthless swamp. Its impact has been compared to that of Rachel Carson's influential book \"Silent Spring\" (1962). Her books, stories, and journalism career brought her influence in Miami, enabling her to advance her causes.", "title": "Marjory Stoneman Douglas" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "John C. Broger (October 30, 1913 - February 19, 2006) is an American Christian missionary, author, radio producer, and public servant.", "title": "John C. Broger" } ]	When did the first indentured servants came to the country of citizenship of the author of The Everglades: River of Grass?	1630s	[]	Title: The Everglades: River of Grass Passage: The Everglades: River of Grass is a non-fiction book written by Marjory Stoneman Douglas in 1947. Published the same year as the formal opening of Everglades National Park, the book was a call to attention about the degrading quality of life in the Everglades and remains an influential book on nature conservation as well as a reference for information on South Florida. It was used as recently as 2007 by "The New York Times". Title: Marjory Stoneman Douglas Passage: Marjory Stoneman Douglas (April 7, 1890 – May 14, 1998) was an American journalist, author, women's suffrage advocate, and conservationist known for her staunch defense of the Everglades against efforts to drain it and reclaim land for development. Moving to Miami as a young woman to work for "The Miami Herald", she became a freelance writer, producing over one hundred short stories that were published in popular magazines. Her most influential work was the book "" (1947), which redefined the popular conception of the Everglades as a treasured river instead of a worthless swamp. Its impact has been compared to that of Rachel Carson's influential book "Silent Spring" (1962). Her books, stories, and journalism career brought her influence in Miami, enabling her to advance her causes. Title: Green Grass, Running Water Passage: Green Grass, Running Water is a 1993 novel by Thomas King, a writer of Cherokee and Greek/German-American descent, and United States and Canadian dual citizenship. He was born and grew up in the United States, and has lived in Canada since 1980. The novel is set in a contemporary First Nations Blackfoot community in Alberta, Canada. It gained attention due to its unique use of structure, narrative, and the fusion of oral and written literary traditions. The novel is rife with humor and satire, particularly regarding Judeo-Christian beliefs as well as Western government and society. "Green Grass, Running Water" was a finalist for the 1993 Governor General's Award in Fiction. Title: Indentured servitude Passage: Between one - half and two - thirds of white immigrants to the American colonies between the 1630s and American Revolution had come under indentures. However, while almost half the European immigrants to the Thirteen Colonies were indentured servants, at any one time they were outnumbered by workers who had never been indentured, or whose indenture had expired, and thus free wage labor was the more prevalent for Europeans in the colonies. Indentured people were numerically important mostly in the region from Virginia north to New Jersey. Other colonies saw far fewer of them. The total number of European immigrants to all 13 colonies before 1775 was about 500,000; of these 55,000 were involuntary prisoners. Of the 450,000 or so European arrivals who came voluntarily, Tomlins estimates that 48% were indentured. About 75% of these were under the age of 25. The age of adulthood for men was 24 years (not 21); those over 24 generally came on contracts lasting about 3 years. Regarding the children who came, Gary Nash reports that ``many of the servants were actually nephews, nieces, cousins and children of friends of emigrating Englishmen, who paid their passage in return for their labor once in America. '' Title: Nigeria Passage: The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as "Central Sudan". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the Niger River. The word ( Niger ) is an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Egerew n-igerewen means River of the Rivers. Title: History of immigration to the United States Passage: The history of immigration to the United States details the movement of people to the United States starting with the first European settlements from around 1600. Beginning around this time, British and other Europeans settled primarily on the east coast. Later Africans were imported as slaves. The United States experienced successive waves of immigration, particularly from Europe. Immigrants sometimes paid the cost of transoceanic transportation by becoming indentured servants after their arrival in the New World. Later, immigration rules became more restrictive; the ending of numerical restrictions occurred in 1965. Recently, cheap air travel has increased immigration from Asia and Latin America.	[ "The Everglades: River of Grass", "Indentured servitude", "Marjory Stoneman Douglas" ]
2hop__62950_85807	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Highbury, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It has won more top flight matches than any English club except Liverpool, and has completed the only 38 match season unbeaten.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal have appeared in a number of media \"firsts\". On 22 January 1927, their match at Highbury against Sheffield United was the first English League match to be broadcast live on radio. A decade later, on 16 September 1937, an exhibition match between Arsenal's first team and the reserves was the first football match in the world to be televised live. Arsenal also featured in the first edition of the BBC's Match of the Day, which screened highlights of their match against Liverpool at Anfield on 22 August 1964. BSkyB's coverage of Arsenal's January 2010 match against Manchester United was the first live public broadcast of a sports event on 3D television.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1987, Graham's first season in charge. This was followed by a League title win in 1988–89, won with a last-minute goal in the final game of the season against fellow title challengers Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in 1990–91, losing only one match, won the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1993, and a second European trophy, the European Cup Winners' Cup, in 1994. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995. His replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, leaving the club after a dispute with the board of directors.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ernest Davis (December 14, 1939 -- May 18, 1963) was an American football player, a halfback who won the Heisman Trophy in 1961 and was its first African - American winner.", "title": "Ernie Davis" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The club was founded in 1892 and joined the Football League the following year. The club has played at Anfield since its formation. Liverpool established itself as a major force in both English and European football during the 1970s and 1980s when Bill Shankly and Bob Paisley led the club to 11 League titles and seven European trophies. Under the management of Rafa Benítez and captained by Steven Gerrard Liverpool became European champion for the fifth time, winning the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final against Milan in spite of being 3 -- 0 down at half time.", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for European football and a place in the FA Community Shield match. Arsenal are the current holders, having beaten Aston Villa 4–0 in the 2015 final to win the cup for the second year in a row. It was their 12th FA Cup title overall, making Arsenal the FA Cup's most successful club ahead of Manchester United on 11.", "title": "FA Cup" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Alexis Sánchez Sánchez playing for Chile in 2017 Full name Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez Date of birth (1988 - 12 - 19) 19 December 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Tocopilla, Chile Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Forward / Winger Club information Current team Manchester United Number 7 Youth career 2004 -- 2005 Cobreloa Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2005 -- 2006 Cobreloa 47 (12) 2006 -- 2011 Udinese 95 (20) 2006 -- 2007 → Colo - Colo (loan) 32 (5) 2007 -- 2008 → River Plate (loan) 23 (4) 2011 -- 2014 Barcelona 88 (39) 2014 -- 2018 Arsenal 122 (60) 2018 -- Manchester United 12 (2) National team 2006 -- 2008 Chile U20 18 (4) 2006 -- Chile 121 (39) Honours (show) Representing Chile Winner Copa América 2015 Winner Copa América Centenario 2016 Runner - up FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup 2007 * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 17: 00, 13 May 2018 (UTC) ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 27 March 2018", "title": "Alexis Sánchez" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal appointed Herbert Chapman as manager in 1925. Having already won the league twice with Huddersfield Town in 1923–24 and 1924–25 (see Seasons in English football), Chapman brought Arsenal their first period of major success. His revolutionary tactics and training, along with the signings of star players such as Alex James and Cliff Bastin, laid the foundations of the club's domination of English football in the 1930s. Under his guidance Arsenal won their first major trophies – victory in the 1930 FA Cup Final preceded two League Championships, in 1930–31 and 1932–33. In addition, Chapman was behind the 1932 renaming of the local London Underground station from \"Gillespie Road\" to \"Arsenal\", making it the only Tube station to be named specifically after a football club.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"Doubles\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club was founded in 1886 as a munition workers' team from Woolwich, then in Kent, now southeast London. They turned professional in 1891 and joined The Football League two years later. They were promoted to the First Division in 1904 but financial problems meant they were liquidated and reformed. They were bought out by Sir Henry Norris that year and to improve the club's financial standing, he moved the team to Arsenal Stadium, Highbury, north London in 1913. After the First World War he arranged for the club's promotion back to the First Division, in controversial circumstances.", "title": "History of Arsenal F.C. (1886–1966)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1985, Arsenal founded a community scheme, \"Arsenal in the Community\", which offered sporting, social inclusion, educational and charitable projects. The club support a number of charitable causes directly and in 1992 established The Arsenal Charitable Trust, which by 2006 had raised more than £2 million for local causes. An ex-professional and celebrity football team associated with the club also raised money by playing charity matches. The club launched the Arsenal for Everyone initiative in 2008 as an annual celebration of the diversity of the Arsenal family. In the 2009–10 season Arsenal announced that they had raised a record breaking £818,897 for the Great Ormond Street Hospital Children's Charity. The original target was £500,000.Save the Children has been Arsenal global charity partner since 2011 and have worked together in numerous projects to improve safety and well-being for vulnerable children in London and abroad. On 3 September 2016 The Arsenal Foundation has donated £1m to build football pitches for children in London, Indonesia, Iraq, Jordan and Somalia thanks to The Arsenal Foundation Legends Match against Milan Glorie at the Emirates Stadium. On 3 June 2018 Arsenal will play Real Madrid in the Corazon Classic Match 2018 at the Bernabeu, where the proceeds will go to Real Madrid Foundation projects that are aimed at the most vulnerable children. In addition there will be a return meeting on 8 September 2018 at the Emirates stadium where proceeds will go towards the Arsenal foundation.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup ``Doubles ''(in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2 -- 1 to Barcelona.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On 19 August 1992, Peter Ndlovu made history by being the first African footballer to play in the new English Premier League. Having acquired the legendary striker Micky Quinn in November 1992 they continued what had already been a blistering start, with away wins at Tottenham Hotspur (2 -- 0) Sheffield Wednesday (2 -- 1) and Wimbledon (2 -- 1) to add to already impressive home wins against Middlesbrough (2 -- 1). By the early autumn the Sky Blues briefly topped the inaugural Premier league and would only lose five league games prior to Christmas. The addition of Micky Quinn to the squad led to further outstanding home wins against Aston Villa (3 -- 0) and Liverpool (5 -- 1). In February 1993, they won 4 - 2 against title chasing, big spending Blackburn Rovers. However, a barren final few weeks of the season and a run in that would see back to back games against Man Utd, Liverpool, Chelsea and Leeds Utd saw them slip from fifth in the league in February to 15th in the final table. The season finished with a thrilling performance from Ndlovu in a 3 -- 3 draw against Leeds Utd. Ndlovu was a key component throughout the season in Gould's fast pacey front line which included John Williams, Kevin Gallacher (until his departure to Blackburn) and Robert Rosario, who formed a worthy partnership with Micky Quinn. Peter Ndlovu's goal against Norwich City, in a 1 -- 1 draw in late September, was a signature piece of Ndlovu flair which earned him the Match of Day 'Goal of the month' competition.", "title": "Peter Ndlovu" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsène Charles Ernest Wenger (French pronunciation: [aʁsɛn vɛŋɡɛʁ]; born 22 October 1949) is a French football manager and former player. He was the manager of Arsenal from 1996 to 2018, where he was the longest-serving and most successful in the club's history. His contribution to English football through changes to scouting, players' training and diet regimens revitalised Arsenal and aided the globalisation of the sport in the 21st century.", "title": "Arsène Wenger" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final The France team holds the World Cup trophy Event 2018 FIFA World Cup France Croatia Date 15 July 2018 (2018 - 07 - 15) Venue Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow Man of the Match Antoine Griezmann (France) Referee Néstor Pitana (Argentina) Attendance 78,011 Weather Partly cloudy 27 ° C (81 ° F) 51% humidity ← 2014 2022 →", "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Final" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Liverpool Football Club (/ ˈlɪvərpuːl /) is a professional football club in Liverpool, England, which competes in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. The club has won 5 European Cups, 3 UEFA Cups, 3 UEFA Super Cups, 18 League titles, 7 FA Cups, 8 League Cups, and 15 FA Community Shields.", "title": "Liverpool F.C." }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Aaron Taylor (born January 21, 1975) is a former American college football player for the University of Nebraska. Taylor was recognized as an All-American and won the Outland Trophy in 1997.", "title": "Aaron Taylor (American football, born 1975)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well.", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for the Europa League and a place in the FA Community Shield match. Arsenal are the current holders, having beaten Chelsea 2 -- 1 in the 2017 final to win the cup for the 13th time in their history and become the tournament's most successful club. Arsenal's Arsène Wenger is the most successful manager in the competition with seven finals won.", "title": "FA Cup" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal was the first club from the south of England to join The Football League, in 1893. They entered the First Division in 1904, and have since accumulated the second most points. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division. In the 1930s, Arsenal won five League Championships and two FA Cups, and another FA Cup and two Championships after the war. In 1970–71, they won their first League and FA Cup Double. Between 1988 and 2005, they won five League titles and five FA Cups, including two more Doubles. They completed the 20th century with the highest average league position.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." } ]	What Chilean footballer from Arsenal joined in 2018 the club that won more trophies than Liverpool	Alexis Sánchez	[ "Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez" ]	Title: Peter Ndlovu Passage: On 19 August 1992, Peter Ndlovu made history by being the first African footballer to play in the new English Premier League. Having acquired the legendary striker Micky Quinn in November 1992 they continued what had already been a blistering start, with away wins at Tottenham Hotspur (2 -- 0) Sheffield Wednesday (2 -- 1) and Wimbledon (2 -- 1) to add to already impressive home wins against Middlesbrough (2 -- 1). By the early autumn the Sky Blues briefly topped the inaugural Premier league and would only lose five league games prior to Christmas. The addition of Micky Quinn to the squad led to further outstanding home wins against Aston Villa (3 -- 0) and Liverpool (5 -- 1). In February 1993, they won 4 - 2 against title chasing, big spending Blackburn Rovers. However, a barren final few weeks of the season and a run in that would see back to back games against Man Utd, Liverpool, Chelsea and Leeds Utd saw them slip from fifth in the league in February to 15th in the final table. The season finished with a thrilling performance from Ndlovu in a 3 -- 3 draw against Leeds Utd. Ndlovu was a key component throughout the season in Gould's fast pacey front line which included John Williams, Kevin Gallacher (until his departure to Blackburn) and Robert Rosario, who formed a worthy partnership with Micky Quinn. Peter Ndlovu's goal against Norwich City, in a 1 -- 1 draw in late September, was a signature piece of Ndlovu flair which earned him the Match of Day 'Goal of the month' competition. Title: FA Cup Passage: Winners receive the FA Cup trophy, of which there have been two designs and five actual cups; the latest is a 2014 replica of the second design, introduced in 1911. Winners also qualify for European football and a place in the FA Community Shield match. Arsenal are the current holders, having beaten Aston Villa 4–0 in the 2015 final to win the cup for the second year in a row. It was their 12th FA Cup title overall, making Arsenal the FA Cup's most successful club ahead of Manchester United on 11. Title: Alexis Sánchez Passage: Alexis Sánchez Sánchez playing for Chile in 2017 Full name Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez Date of birth (1988 - 12 - 19) 19 December 1988 (age 29) Place of birth Tocopilla, Chile Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in) Playing position Forward / Winger Club information Current team Manchester United Number 7 Youth career 2004 -- 2005 Cobreloa Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2005 -- 2006 Cobreloa 47 (12) 2006 -- 2011 Udinese 95 (20) 2006 -- 2007 → Colo - Colo (loan) 32 (5) 2007 -- 2008 → River Plate (loan) 23 (4) 2011 -- 2014 Barcelona 88 (39) 2014 -- 2018 Arsenal 122 (60) 2018 -- Manchester United 12 (2) National team 2006 -- 2008 Chile U20 18 (4) 2006 -- Chile 121 (39) Honours (show) Representing Chile Winner Copa América 2015 Winner Copa América Centenario 2016 Runner - up FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup 2007 * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 17: 00, 13 May 2018 (UTC) ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 27 March 2018 Title: Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry Passage: Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well. Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: The return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1987, Graham's first season in charge. This was followed by a League title win in 1988–89, won with a last-minute goal in the final game of the season against fellow title challengers Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in 1990–91, losing only one match, won the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1993, and a second European trophy, the European Cup Winners' Cup, in 1994. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995. His replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, leaving the club after a dispute with the board of directors. Title: Ernie Davis Passage: Ernest Davis (December 14, 1939 -- May 18, 1963) was an American football player, a halfback who won the Heisman Trophy in 1961 and was its first African - American winner.	[ "Alexis Sánchez", "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" ]
2hop__129687_90450	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President James K. Polk signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from the Indians, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government.", "title": "Iowa" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hamilton High School is a public high school in Anza, California, United States. It became a true 9-12 high school in the school year 2006-2007.", "title": "Hamilton High School (Anza, California)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Waukee High School (also known as Waukee Senior High School) is a three-year public high school in Waukee, Iowa, United States. The school hosts grades 10-12. It is run by the Waukee Community School District. Freshmen attend one of two separate 8/9 schools, Prairieview or Timberline.", "title": "Waukee High School" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Legend High School is a public high school in Douglas County School District RE-1. It is the first high school to be located within the city limits of Parker, Colorado, United States since Parker High School was closed in 1958.", "title": "Legend High School" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gooding High School is a public high school located in Gooding, Idaho, United States. It is the main high school operated by the Gooding School District.", "title": "Gooding High School" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tamborine Mountain State High School (TMSHS) is a co-educational, state secondary school located on Tamborine Mountain, Queensland, Australia. Education Queensland has implemented an enrollment catchment area for Tamborine Mountain State High School.", "title": "Tamborine Mountain State High School" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Ridge High School is one of two public high schools located in Woodbury, Minnesota, United States, the other being Woodbury High School. It is operated by South Washington County Schools.", "title": "East Ridge High School (Minnesota)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "River Valley High School is the high school for the River Valley School District located in Three Oaks, Michigan, United States. River Valley High School houses grades 6-12.", "title": "River Valley High School (Michigan)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pelham High School is a high school in Pelham, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located in the Pelham School District. During the 2010-11 school year it had 622 students.", "title": "Pelham High School (New Hampshire)" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lithia Springs High School is a public high school located on East County Line Road, in Lithia Springs, Georgia, United States. It is also known as Lithia Springs Comprehensive High School. It was the second high school to open in the Douglas County School District.", "title": "Lithia Springs High School" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cloverleaf High School is a public high school located in Westfield Township, between the villages of Lodi and Westfield Center in Medina County, Ohio, United States. It is the only high school in the Cloverleaf Local School District.", "title": "Cloverleaf High School" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Glenn Hills Comprehensive High School is a public high school located in the South Augusta area of Augusta, Georgia, United States. It opened in 1967.", "title": "Glenn Hills High School" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Adairsville High School is a four-year public high school located in Adairsville, Georgia, United States. It enrolls students in grades 9-12.", "title": "Adairsville High School" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Detroit City High School was a secondary school located in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was one of the many public high schools in the Detroit Public School District. It closed in 2012.", "title": "Detroit City High School" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cuba-Rushford High School is a public high school located in Cuba, Allegany County, New York, United States, and is the only high school operated by the Cuba-Rushford Central School District.", "title": "Cuba-Rushford High School" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Grover Cleveland High School or Cleveland High School is the name of several public high schools in the United States, named—except as noted—for President Grover Cleveland:", "title": "Cleveland High School" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Eureka Springs High School is a public secondary school for students in grades nine through twelve located in Eureka Springs, Arkansas, United States. It is one of three public high schools located in Carroll County and the sole high school administered by the Eureka Springs School District.", "title": "Eureka Springs High School" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Westerly High School is a public high school located in Westerly, Rhode Island, United States. The school is part of Westerly Public Schools.", "title": "Westerly High School" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Massapequa High School is a public high school located in Massapequa, New York, United States, for students in grades 10 through 12.", "title": "Massapequa High School" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Deception Bay State High School is a co-educational, state run high school located in Deception Bay, Queensland, Australia. The School services the Deception Bay area's high school students- years 7 to 12.", "title": "Deception Bay State High School" } ]	Who was president when the region where Waukee High School is located became a state?	President James K. Polk	[ "James K. Polk" ]	Title: Cleveland High School Passage: Grover Cleveland High School or Cleveland High School is the name of several public high schools in the United States, named—except as noted—for President Grover Cleveland: Title: Westerly High School Passage: Westerly High School is a public high school located in Westerly, Rhode Island, United States. The school is part of Westerly Public Schools. Title: Waukee High School Passage: Waukee High School (also known as Waukee Senior High School) is a three-year public high school in Waukee, Iowa, United States. The school hosts grades 10-12. It is run by the Waukee Community School District. Freshmen attend one of two separate 8/9 schools, Prairieview or Timberline. Title: Iowa Passage: Almost immediately after achieving territorial status, a clamor arose for statehood. On December 28, 1846, Iowa became the 29th state in the Union when President James K. Polk signed Iowa's admission bill into law. Once admitted to the Union, the state's boundary issues resolved, and most of its land purchased from the Indians, Iowa set its direction to development and organized campaigns for settlers and investors, boasting the young frontier state's rich farmlands, fine citizens, free and open society, and good government. Title: Detroit City High School Passage: Detroit City High School was a secondary school located in Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was one of the many public high schools in the Detroit Public School District. It closed in 2012. Title: Glenn Hills High School Passage: Glenn Hills Comprehensive High School is a public high school located in the South Augusta area of Augusta, Georgia, United States. It opened in 1967.	[ "Iowa", "Waukee High School" ]
2hop__35190_35168	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Application of the term \"Indian\" originated with Christopher Columbus, who, in his search for Asia, thought that he had arrived in the East Indies. The Americas came to be known as the \"West Indies\", a name still used to refer to the islands of the Caribbean Sea. This led to the names \"Indies\" and \"Indian\", which implied some kind of racial or cultural unity among the aboriginal peoples of the Americas. This unifying concept, codified in law, religion, and politics, was not originally accepted by indigenous peoples but has been embraced by many over the last two centuries.[citation needed] Even though the term \"Indian\" does not include the Aleuts, Inuit, or Yupik peoples, these groups are considered indigenous peoples of the Americas.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cadaqués () is a town in the Alt Empordà \"comarca\", in the province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain. It is on a bay in the middle of the Cap de Creus peninsula, near Cap de Creus cape, on the Costa Brava of the Mediterranean. It is two-and-a-quarter-hour drive from Barcelona, and thus it is accessible not only to tourists but also to people who want a second home for weekends and summers. In 2002, Cadaqués had an official population of 2,612, but up to ten times as many people can live in the town during the peak of the summer tourism season.", "title": "Cadaqués" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many Muslims criticized the Umayyads for having too many non-Muslim, former Roman administrators in their government. St John of Damascus was also a high administrator in the Umayyad administration. As the Muslims took over cities, they left the peoples political representatives and the Roman tax collectors and the administrators. The taxes to the central government were calculated and negotiated by the peoples political representatives. The Central government got paid for the services it provided and the local government got the money for the services it provided. Many Christian cities also used some of the taxes on maintain their churches and run their own organizations. Later the Umayyads were criticized by some Muslims for not reducing the taxes of the people who converted to Islam. These new converts continues to pay the same taxes that were previously negotiated.", "title": "Umayyad Caliphate" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The people of Somerset are mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle's entry for AD 845, in the inflected form \"Sumursætum\", and the county is recorded in the entry for 1015 using the same name. The archaic name Somersetshire was mentioned in the Chronicle's entry for 878. Although \"Somersetshire\" was in common use as an alternative name for the county, it went out of fashion in the late 19th century, and is no longer used possibly due to the adoption of \"Somerset\" as the county's official name after the establishment of the county council in 1889. As with other counties not ending in \"shire,\" the suffix was superfluous, as there was no need to differentiate between the county and a town within it.", "title": "Somerset" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Taller de Gráfica Popular (Spanish: \"People's Graphic Workshop\") is an artist's print collective founded in Mexico in 1937 by artists Leopoldo Méndez, Pablo O'Higgins, and Luis Arenal. The collective was primarily concerned with using art to advance revolutionary social causes. The print shop became a base of political activity and abundant artistic output, and attracted many foreign artists as collaborators.", "title": "Taller de Gráfica Popular" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "KwaDukuza (also known as Stanger) is a town in KwaZulu - Natal, South Africa. In 2006, its official name was changed from Stanger to KwaDukuza; however Zulu people in the area called it ``Dukuza ''well before this date, and many white South Africans continue to use`` Stanger'' today (see name, below). ``Stanger ''has been used on new road signs in the area.", "title": "KwaDukuza" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In 1935, Reza Shah requested the international community to refer to the country by its native name, Iran. As the New York Times explained at the time, \"At the suggestion of the Persian Legation in Berlin, the Tehran government, on the Persian New Year, Nowruz, March 21, 1935, substituted Iran for Persia as the official name of the country.\" Opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably. Today, both Persia and Iran are used in cultural contexts; although, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xingu peoples are indigenous peoples of Brazil living near the Xingu River. They have many cultural similarities despite their different ethnologies. Xingu people represent fifteen tribes and all four of Brazil's indigenous language groups, but they share similar belief systems, rituals and ceremonies.", "title": "Xingu peoples" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe Native American people as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers.", "title": "Oklahoma" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 1940s, New York City was the center for a roots revival of American folk music. Many New Yorkers, especially young people, became interested in blues, Appalachian folk music, and other roots styles. In Greenwich Village, many of these people gathered; the area became a hotbed of American folk music as well as leftist political activism.", "title": "Music of New York City" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly () was the official name of the unicameral legislature of Cambodia during the Democratic Kampuchea period. It was established as the official legislature of Kampuchea on January 5, 1976, consisting of 250 members.", "title": "Kampuchean People's Representative Assembly" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict.", "title": "Indigenous peoples of the Americas" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "How to Boil a Frog is a 2010 Canadian eco-comedy documentary film written and directed by Jon Cooksey to show the consequences of too many people using up Earth resources and suggesting five ways that the filmmakers say people can save habitability on the Earth while improving their own lives at the same time.", "title": "How to Boil a Frog" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin term Graecia as used by the Romans, which literally means 'the land of the Greeks', and derives from the Greek name Γραικός. However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران‎‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz.", "title": "Iran" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China: The torch returned to China for the first time since April. The torch arrived in Sanya, Hainan on May 4 with celebrations attended by International Olympic Committee (IOC) officials and Chinese big names like Jackie Chan. The entire relay through Mainland China was largely a success with many people welcoming the arrival of the torch along the way.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elections in the United States are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the President, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Electoral College. Today, these electors almost always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of the federal legislature, the Congress, are directly elected by the people of each state. There are many elected offices at state level, each state having at least an elective Governor and legislature. There are also elected offices at the local level, in counties, cities, towns, townships, boroughs, and villages. According to a study by political scientist Jennifer Lawless, there were 519,682 elected officials in the United States as of 2012.", "title": "Elections in the United States" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sudbury Airport or Greater Sudbury Airport, , is an airport in the Canadian city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario and is located northeast of the downtown area, on Municipal Road 86 between the communities of Garson and Skead. Although in many contexts the airport uses the name Greater Sudbury Airport, its official name, as registered with Transport Canada and printed in all aeronautical publications, is still simply Sudbury Airport.", "title": "Sudbury Airport" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Chinese Taipei competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. \"Chinese Taipei\" is the designated name used by Taiwan to participate in some international organizations and almost all sporting events, including the Olympic Games. Neither the common name \"Taiwan\" nor the official name \"Republic of China\" would be used due primarily to opposition from the People's Republic of China. This was also the nation's ninth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.", "title": "Chinese Taipei at the 2016 Summer Olympics" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The typhoon caused catastrophic destruction in the Visayas, particularly on Samar and Leyte. According to UN officials, about 11 million people were affected and many were left homeless.", "title": "Typhoon Haiyan" } ]	What is the population of the country formerly called Persia?	78.4 million	[]	Title: KwaDukuza Passage: KwaDukuza (also known as Stanger) is a town in KwaZulu - Natal, South Africa. In 2006, its official name was changed from Stanger to KwaDukuza; however Zulu people in the area called it ``Dukuza ''well before this date, and many white South Africans continue to use`` Stanger'' today (see name, below). ``Stanger ''has been used on new road signs in the area. Title: Oklahoma Passage: The name Oklahoma comes from the Choctaw phrase okla humma, literally meaning red people. Choctaw Chief Allen Wright suggested the name in 1866 during treaty negotiations with the federal government regarding the use of Indian Territory, in which he envisioned an all-Indian state controlled by the United States Superintendent of Indian Affairs. Equivalent to the English word Indian, okla humma was a phrase in the Choctaw language used to describe Native American people as a whole. Oklahoma later became the de facto name for Oklahoma Territory, and it was officially approved in 1890, two years after the area was opened to white settlers. Title: Iran Passage: In 1935, Reza Shah requested the international community to refer to the country by its native name, Iran. As the New York Times explained at the time, "At the suggestion of the Persian Legation in Berlin, the Tehran government, on the Persian New Year, Nowruz, March 21, 1935, substituted Iran for Persia as the official name of the country." Opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably. Today, both Persia and Iran are used in cultural contexts; although, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts. Title: Iran Passage: Iran (/aɪˈræn/ or i/ɪˈrɑːn/; Persian: Irān – ایران‎‎ [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/ or /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران – Jomhuri ye Eslāmi ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾije eslɒːˌmije ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by Kazakhstan and Russia across the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 78.4 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country that has both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. Iran has long been of geostrategic importance because of its central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: Application of the term "Indian" originated with Christopher Columbus, who, in his search for Asia, thought that he had arrived in the East Indies. The Americas came to be known as the "West Indies", a name still used to refer to the islands of the Caribbean Sea. This led to the names "Indies" and "Indian", which implied some kind of racial or cultural unity among the aboriginal peoples of the Americas. This unifying concept, codified in law, religion, and politics, was not originally accepted by indigenous peoples but has been embraced by many over the last two centuries.[citation needed] Even though the term "Indian" does not include the Aleuts, Inuit, or Yupik peoples, these groups are considered indigenous peoples of the Americas. Title: Chinese Taipei at the 2016 Summer Olympics Passage: Chinese Taipei competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016. "Chinese Taipei" is the designated name used by Taiwan to participate in some international organizations and almost all sporting events, including the Olympic Games. Neither the common name "Taiwan" nor the official name "Republic of China" would be used due primarily to opposition from the People's Republic of China. This was also the nation's ninth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics.	[ "Iran", "Iran" ]
2hop__763486_76249	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Josh Larsen (born May 12, 1972) is a former American motorcycle speedway rider who was a member of the winning American 1993 Speedway World Team Cup team, rode in the 1994 World Individual Speedway Final and in the 1995 Speedway Grand Prix as permanent rider.", "title": "Josh Larsen (speedway rider)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "J-League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001 is a sports video game developed by Konami for the PlayStation exclusively in Japan on June 2001. It is an addition to the Winning Eleven J-League series, and the successor to the J-League Winning Eleven 2000. The game only features club teams (no national teams) and teams from both tiers of the J. League totalling 28 teams. The game also features seven foreign teams from the European football leagues.The game uses the ISS Pro Evolution 2 engine.", "title": "J.League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.", "title": "Abby Bishop" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sam Evans is a fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series \"Glee\". The character is portrayed by actor Chord Overstreet, and appeared on \"Glee\" starting with the second season premiere episode entitled \"Audition\", first broadcast on September 21, 2010. Sam is a transfer student to William McKinley High School who becomes a member of the football team, as well as a member of the glee club, New Directions. In his first episode, Sam performs Travie McCoy's \"Billionaire\" with some of the guys in the glee club, but does not show up for tryouts due to the low social status of the club's members. He later joins, nonetheless.", "title": "Sam Evans" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Little League World Series Most recent season or competition: 2017 Little League World Series Sport Baseball Founded 1947, 70 years ago No. of teams 16 Countries International Most recent champion (s) Tokyo, Japan Most titles Taiwan (17 titles) Official website LittleLeague.org", "title": "Little League World Series" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Boat Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The team was owned by former IndyCar Series driver Billy Boat. Founded in 2014 and based in Mooresville, North Carolina, the team fielded the No. 84 CorvetteParts.net Chevrolet Camaro for Chad Boat part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the No. 15 811 Call Before You Dig Chevrolet Silverado for Mason Mingus full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series.", "title": "Billy Boat Motorsports" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the \"Lovable Losers\" because of this distinction. They are also known as \"The North Siders\" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cricket World Cup is an international cricket competition established in 1975. It is contested by the men's national teams of the members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), the sport's global governing body. The tournament generally takes place every four years. Most recently, the 2015 Cricket World Cup, jointly hosted by Raichur and New Zealand, was won by ((Australia national cricket team A, who beat their co-hosts New Zealand. The current trophy was instituted in 1999. It always remains with the ICC, and a replica is awarded to the winning team.", "title": "List of Cricket World Cup finals" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Neither team advanced to the post-season in 2006, but the 2006 World Series again featured teams from the American League Central and National League Central divisions, this time represented by the Detroit Tigers and the St. Louis Cardinals, respectively. The Cardinals won the World Series in five games, in which manager Tony La Russa became the second manager to win the World Series in both American and National leagues, previously managing the Oakland Athletics to the 1989 World Series championship. Both the White Sox and the Astros were in the Wild Card race until the final weeks of the season, with the White Sox finishing with 90 wins, the Astros with 82 wins. The White Sox made their first post-2005 playoff appearance in 2008, while the Astros would not return to the postseason until 2015, their third season as an American League team and would not return to the World Series until 2017, their fifth season as an American League team.", "title": "2005 World Series" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "St. Louis Cardinals 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season Established in 1882 Team logo Cap insignia Major league affiliations National League (1892 -- present) Central Division (1994 -- present) East Division (1969 -- 1993) American Association (1882 -- 1891) Current uniform Retired numbers 6 9 10 14 17 20 24 42 42 45 85 Colors Red, midnight navy blue, yellow, white Name St. Louis Cardinals (1900 -- present) St. Louis Perfectos (1899) St. Louis Browns (1883 -- 1898) St. Louis Brown Stockings (1882) Other nicknames The Cards, The Redbirds, The Birds, Birds on the Bat Ballpark Busch Stadium (III) (2006 -- present) Busch Memorial Stadium (1966 -- 2005) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (II) (1966 -- 1982) Sportsman's Park (1920 -- 1966) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (I) (1953 -- 1966) Robison Field (1893 -- 1920) a.k.a. Cardinal Field (1917 -- 1920) a.k.a. League Park (1899 -- 1911) a.k.a. Sportsman's Park (II) (1893 -- 1899) Sportsman's Park (1882 -- 1892) Major league titles World Series titles (11) 1926 1931 1934 1942 1944 1946 1964 1967 1982 2006 2011 NL Pennants (19) 1926 1928 1930 1931 1934 1942 1943 1944 1946 1964 1967 1968 1982 1985 2006 2011 2013 Central Division titles (10) 2000 2002 2005 2006 2009 2013 2014 2015 East Division titles (3) 1982 1985 Wild card berths (3) 2001 2011 2012 Front office Owner (s) William DeWitt Jr. Manager Mike Matheny General Manager Mike Girsch President of Baseball Operations John Mozeliak", "title": "St. Louis Cardinals" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Curse of the Billy Goat was a sports - related curse supposedly placed on the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise in 1945, by Billy Goat Tavern owner William Sianis. The curse lasted 71 years, from 1945 to 2016. Because the odor of his pet goat, named Murphy, was bothering other fans, Sianis was asked to leave Wrigley Field, the Cubs' home ballpark, during game 4 of the 1945 World Series. Outraged, Sianis allegedly declared, ``Them Cubs, they ai n't gon na win no more, ''which had been interpreted to mean that either the Cubs would never win another National League (NL) pennant, or that they would never again win a World Series.", "title": "Curse of the Billy Goat" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Thursday Night Sport Show was an Australian sports television series that aired on One every Thursday at 9.30pm from 2 October 2014 and 13 November 2014. The show hosted by Mel McLaughlin with regular panellists Mark Howard and Sam Mac.", "title": "The Thursday Night Sport Show" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.", "title": "2015 World Series" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the Boston Americans of the American League against the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League in a best - of - nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four.", "title": "1903 World Series" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as \"The Lovable Losers.\" The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the \"Curse of the Billy Goat\" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series.", "title": "Chicago Cubs" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a defense - oriented team dubbed ``the Hitless Wonders '', and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte, Eddie Collins, and Shoeless Joe Jackson. The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal, in which several members of the White Sox were accused of conspiring with gamblers to fix games. In response, Major League Baseball's new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life. In 1959, led by Early Wynn, Nellie Fox, Luis Aparicio and manager Al López, the White Sox won the American League pennant. They won the AL pennant in 2005, and went on to win the World Series, led by World Series MVP Jermaine Dye, Paul Konerko, Mark Buehrle, catcher A.J. Pierzynski, and the first Latino manager to win the World Series, Ozzie Guillén.", "title": "Chicago White Sox" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "American League (AL) teams have won 65 of the 113 World Series played (57.5%). The New York Yankees have won 27 titles, accounting for 23.9% of all series played and 41.5% of the wins by American League teams. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 11 World Series, accounting for 9.7% of all series played and 23% of the 48 National League victories.", "title": "World Series" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Joey Logano Logano at the 2015 Toyota / Save Mart 350 Joseph Thomas Logano (1990 - 05 - 24) May 24, 1990 (age 27) Middletown, Connecticut Height 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) Weight 180 lb (82 kg) Achievements 2007 Busch East Series Champion Youngest Xfinity Series Race Winner 18 years, 21 days Youngest Sprint Cup Series race Winner 19 years, 35 days 2015 Daytona 500 winner Won all three races in the 2015 Chase for the Cup Contender round (Charlotte, Kansas, Talladega) 2016 NASCAR Sprint All - Star Race winner 2017 Advance Auto Parts Clash winner 6th driver to win in 300th Cup start Awards 2009 Sprint Cup Series Rookie of the Year Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series career 335 races run over 11 years Car no., team No. 22 (Team Penske) 2017 position 17th Best finish 2nd (2016) First race 2008 Sylvania 300 (Loudon) Last race 2018 Food City 500 (Bristol) First win 2009 Lenox Industrial Tools 301 (Loudon) Last win 2017 Toyota Owners 400 (Richmond) Wins Top tens Poles 18 160 19 NASCAR Xfinity Series career 172 races run over 11 years Car no., team No. 22 (Team Penske) 2017 position 90th Best finish 8th (2010) First race 2008 Heluva Good! 200 (Dover) Last race 2018 Roseanne 300 (Fontana) First win 2008 Meijer 300 (Kentucky) Last win 2018 Roseanne 300 (Fontana) Wins Top tens Poles 29 140 34 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series career 7 races run over 4 years 2015 position 83rd Best finish 83rd (2015) First race 2008 Mountain Dew 250 (Talladega) Last race 2015 Kroger 250 (Martinsville) First win 2015 Kroger 250 (Martinsville) Wins Top tens Poles Statistics current as of April 16, 2018.", "title": "Joey Logano" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Samuel E. Fishburn (May 15, 1893 – April 11, 1965) was an American Major League Baseball player from Haverhill, Massachusetts, who appeared in 9 games for the 1919 St. Louis Cardinals. An alumnus of Lehigh University, Fishburn died in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.", "title": "Sam Fishburn" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kansas City Royals are an American professional baseball team based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Royals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member team of the American League (AL) Central division. The team was founded as an expansion franchise in 1969, and has participated in four World Series, winning in 1985 and 2015, and losing in 1980 and 2014.", "title": "Kansas City Royals" } ]	When did the team Sam Fishburn plays for last win the World Series?	2011	[]	Title: St. Louis Cardinals Passage: St. Louis Cardinals 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season Established in 1882 Team logo Cap insignia Major league affiliations National League (1892 -- present) Central Division (1994 -- present) East Division (1969 -- 1993) American Association (1882 -- 1891) Current uniform Retired numbers 6 9 10 14 17 20 24 42 42 45 85 Colors Red, midnight navy blue, yellow, white Name St. Louis Cardinals (1900 -- present) St. Louis Perfectos (1899) St. Louis Browns (1883 -- 1898) St. Louis Brown Stockings (1882) Other nicknames The Cards, The Redbirds, The Birds, Birds on the Bat Ballpark Busch Stadium (III) (2006 -- present) Busch Memorial Stadium (1966 -- 2005) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (II) (1966 -- 1982) Sportsman's Park (1920 -- 1966) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (I) (1953 -- 1966) Robison Field (1893 -- 1920) a.k.a. Cardinal Field (1917 -- 1920) a.k.a. League Park (1899 -- 1911) a.k.a. Sportsman's Park (II) (1893 -- 1899) Sportsman's Park (1882 -- 1892) Major league titles World Series titles (11) 1926 1931 1934 1942 1944 1946 1964 1967 1982 2006 2011 NL Pennants (19) 1926 1928 1930 1931 1934 1942 1943 1944 1946 1964 1967 1968 1982 1985 2006 2011 2013 Central Division titles (10) 2000 2002 2005 2006 2009 2013 2014 2015 East Division titles (3) 1982 1985 Wild card berths (3) 2001 2011 2012 Front office Owner (s) William DeWitt Jr. Manager Mike Matheny General Manager Mike Girsch President of Baseball Operations John Mozeliak Title: Chicago White Sox Passage: The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a defense - oriented team dubbed ``the Hitless Wonders '', and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte, Eddie Collins, and Shoeless Joe Jackson. The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal, in which several members of the White Sox were accused of conspiring with gamblers to fix games. In response, Major League Baseball's new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life. In 1959, led by Early Wynn, Nellie Fox, Luis Aparicio and manager Al López, the White Sox won the American League pennant. They won the AL pennant in 2005, and went on to win the World Series, led by World Series MVP Jermaine Dye, Paul Konerko, Mark Buehrle, catcher A.J. Pierzynski, and the first Latino manager to win the World Series, Ozzie Guillén. Title: Billy Boat Motorsports Passage: Billy Boat Motorsports was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the Camping World Truck Series. The team was owned by former IndyCar Series driver Billy Boat. Founded in 2014 and based in Mooresville, North Carolina, the team fielded the No. 84 CorvetteParts.net Chevrolet Camaro for Chad Boat part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, and the No. 15 811 Call Before You Dig Chevrolet Silverado for Mason Mingus full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series. Title: 1903 World Series Passage: The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the Boston Americans of the American League against the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League in a best - of - nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as "The Lovable Losers." The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the "Curse of the Billy Goat" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series. Title: Sam Fishburn Passage: Samuel E. Fishburn (May 15, 1893 – April 11, 1965) was an American Major League Baseball player from Haverhill, Massachusetts, who appeared in 9 games for the 1919 St. Louis Cardinals. An alumnus of Lehigh University, Fishburn died in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.	[ "St. Louis Cardinals", "Sam Fishburn" ]
2hop__700166_59201	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In association football, teams such as Manchester United, Bayern Munich, Liverpool, Arsenal, Toronto FC, and S.L. Benfica primarily wear red jerseys. Other teams that prominently feature red on their kits include A.C. Milan (nicknamed i rossoneri for their red and black shirts), AFC Ajax, Olympiacos, River Plate, Atlético Madrid, and Flamengo. A red penalty card is issued to a player who commits a serious infraction: the player is immediately disqualified from further play and his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration.", "title": "Red" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alan Shackleton (3 February 1934 – 26 April 2009) was an English football player. He played for Burnley, Leeds United, Everton and Oldham Athletic. Despite good early scoring form at Leeds and Everton, he left for non-league football in the early 1960s.", "title": "Alan Shackleton" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well.", "title": "Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE (born 18 January 1961) is an English former footballer who played as a forward or midfielder between 1979 and 1999. In 1987, he set a record transfer fee in the English game and represented his country 59 times between 1986 and 1996, once as captain, taking part in two FIFA World Cups (1986 and 1990) and UEFA Euro 1988. At club level, he played for Newcastle United, Liverpool and Everton, having also had spells with Carlisle United, Manchester United, Vancouver Whitecaps, Bolton Wanderers, Manchester City, Fulham, Hartlepool United and the Melbourne Knights. He was briefly appointed as the caretaker manager of Newcastle United in 2010.", "title": "Peter Beardsley" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The record attendance for an Everton home match is 78,299 against Liverpool on 18 September 1948. Amazingly, there was only 1 injury at this game-Tom Fleetwood was hit on the head by a coin thrown from the crowd whilst he marched around the perimeter with St Edward's Orphanage Band, playing the cornet. Goodison Park, like all major English football grounds since the recommendations of the Taylor Report were implemented, is now an all-seater and only holds just under 40,000, meaning it is unlikely that this attendance record will ever be broken at Goodison. Everton's record transfer paid was to Chelsea for Belgian forward Romelu Lukaku for a sum of £28m. Everton bought the player after he played the previous year with the team on loan.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jozy Altidore -- Hull City, Sunderland DaMarcus Beasley -- Manchester City Carlos Bocanegra -- Fulham Geoff Cameron -- Stoke City Jay DeMerit -- Watford Clint Dempsey -- Fulham, Tottenham Hotspur (57) Landon Donovan -- Everton Brad Friedel -- Blackburn Rovers John Harkes -- Sheffield Wednesday Stuart Holden -- Bolton Wanderers Tim Howard -- Everton Cobi Jones -- Coventry City Jovan Kirovski -- Birmingham City Eric Lichaj -- Aston Villa Brian McBride -- Everton, Fulham Joe - Max Moore -- Everton Preki -- Everton Claudio Reyna -- Sunderland, Manchester City Jonathan Spector -- West Ham United Roy Wegerle -- Blackburn Rovers, Coventry City", "title": "List of foreign Premier League goalscorers" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in Football League Two and Football League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 Football League Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016 - 17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.", "title": "2017–18 EFL Cup" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "List of Premier League players with 500 or more appearances Rank Player Premier League Club (s) Appearances Barry, Gareth Gareth Barry Aston Villa, Manchester City, Everton, West Bromwich Albion 649 Giggs, Ryan Ryan Giggs Manchester United 632 Lampard, Frank Frank Lampard West Ham United, Chelsea, Manchester City 609 James, David David James Liverpool, Aston Villa, West Ham United, Manchester City, Portsmouth 572 Speed, Gary Gary Speed Leeds United, Everton, Newcastle United, Bolton Wanderers 535 6 Heskey, Emile Emile Heskey Leicester City, Liverpool, Birmingham City, Wigan Athletic, Aston Villa 516 7 Schwarzer, Mark Mark Schwarzer Middlesbrough, Fulham, Chelsea, Leicester City 514 8 Carragher, Jamie Jamie Carragher Liverpool 508 9 Neville, Phil Phil Neville Manchester United, Everton 505 10 Gerrard, Steven Steven Gerrard Liverpool 504 10 Ferdinand, Rio Rio Ferdinand West Ham United, Leeds United, Manchester United, Queens Park Rangers 504 12 Campbell, Sol Sol Campbell Tottenham Hotspur, Arsenal, Portsmouth, Newcastle United 503", "title": "List of Premier League players" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Warrington Central railway station is one of two main railway stations serving the town of Warrington in the north-west of England. It is located on the southern route of the Liverpool to Manchester Lines (the former Cheshire Lines Committee route between Liverpool and Manchester), being situated approximately halfway between the two cities. Central station is served by diesel stopping trains between Liverpool and Manchester, and diesel express services between Liverpool and Manchester Airport, as well as between Liverpool and East Anglia.", "title": "Warrington Central railway station" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Merseyside derby Merseyside derby, 25 March 2006 Other names The friendly Derby Locale Liverpool Teams Everton Liverpool First meeting 13 October 1894 1894 -- 95 First Division Everton 3 -- 0 Liverpool Latest meeting 1 April 2017 Premier League Liverpool 3 -- 1 Everton Next meeting 9 December 2017 Premier League Liverpool v Everton Stadiums Anfield (Liverpool) Goodison Park (Everton) Statistics Meetings total 228 Most wins Liverpool (91) Most player appearances Neville Southall (41) Top scorer Ian Rush (25) All - time series Everton: 66 Drawn: 71 Liverpool: 91 Largest victory Liverpool 6 -- 0 Everton (1935)", "title": "Merseyside derby" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arthur Richard Albiston (born 14 July 1957 in Edinburgh) is a Scottish former football player. Albiston played for Manchester United for most of his career, making almost 500 appearances for the club. He also made 14 international appearances for Scotland and was selected for their 1986 FIFA World Cup squad.", "title": "Arthur Albiston" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rooney submitted a transfer request in August 2004, despite Everton having made a new contract offer valued at £50,000 per week. Everton then rejected a bid of £20 million from Newcastle, and ultimately signed for Manchester United at the end of the month after a £25.6 million deal was reached. It was the highest fee ever paid for a player under 20 years old; Rooney was still only 18 when he left Everton. Sir Alex Ferguson, then manager of United, said that ``There were plenty of eyebrows raised ''when he persuaded the club's board of directors to sanction`` a multi-million pound'' move to try to sign Rooney from Everton.", "title": "Wayne Rooney" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton have a large fanbase, with the eighth highest average attendance in the Premier League in the 2008–09 season. The majority of Everton's matchday support comes from the North West of England, primarily Merseyside, Cheshire, West Lancashire and parts of Western Greater Manchester along with many fans who travel from North Wales and Ireland. Within the city of Liverpool support for Everton and city rivals Liverpool is not determined by geographical basis with supporters mixed across the city. However Everton's support heartland is traditionally based in the North West of the city and in the southern parts of Sefton. Everton also have many supporters' clubs worldwide, in places such as North America, Singapore, Indonesia, Lebanon, Malaysia, Thailand, and Australia. The official supporters club is FOREVERTON, and there are also several fanzines including When Skies are Grey and Speke from the Harbour, which are sold around Goodison Park on match days.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season.", "title": "Premier League" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He spent the majority of his career with his home town club, Manchester City. He spent numerous seasons in the Premier League and remained with the club through several relegations, followed by several promotions. He also appeared for Birmingham City in a loan spell and after leaving City in 2002 he moved on to Wigan Athletic. Spells with Sheffield United, Queens Park Rangers and Bradford City followed before ending his career with Macclesfield Town. He was capped by both England U21 and England B.", "title": "Richard Edghill" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Premier League sends representatives to UEFA's European Club Association, the number of clubs and the clubs themselves chosen according to UEFA coefficients. For the 2012–13 season the Premier League has 10 representatives in the Association: Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Everton, Fulham, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Newcastle United and Tottenham Hotspur. The European Club Association is responsible for electing three members to UEFA's Club Competitions Committee, which is involved in the operations of UEFA competitions such as the Champions League and UEFA Europa League.", "title": "Premier League" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton also have links with Chilean team Everton de Viña del Mar who were named after the English club. On 4 August 2010, the two Evertons played each other in a friendly named the Copa Hermandad at Goodison Park to mark the centenary of the Chilean team, an occasion organised by The Ruleteros Society, a society founded to promote connections between the two clubs. Other Evertons exist in Rosario in Colonia Department, Uruguay, La Plata, and Río Cuarto in Argentina, Elk Grove, California in the United States, and in Cork, Ireland.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Everton were founder members of the Premier League in 1992, but struggled to find the right manager. Howard Kendall had returned in 1990 but could not repeat his previous success, while his successor, Mike Walker, was statistically the least successful Everton manager to date. When former Everton player Joe Royle took over in 1994 the club's form started to improve; his first game in charge was a 2–0 victory over derby rivals Liverpool. Royle dragged Everton clear of relegation, leading the club to the FA Cup for the fifth time in its history, defeating Manchester United 1–0 in the final.", "title": "Everton F.C." }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach a seventh and an eighth League Championship. As of May 2016, they are one of only six teams, the others being Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Manchester City and Leicester City, to have won the Premier League since its formation in 1992.", "title": "Arsenal F.C." }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rank Player Club Goals Mohamed Salah Liverpool 32 Harry Kane Tottenham Hotspur 30 Sergio Agüero Manchester City 21 Jamie Vardy Leicester City 20 5 Raheem Sterling Manchester City 18 6 Romelu Lukaku Manchester United 16 7 Roberto Firmino Liverpool 15 8 Alexandre Lacazette Arsenal 14 9 Gabriel Jesus Manchester City 13 10 Son Heung - min Tottenham Hotspur 12 Eden Hazard Chelsea Glenn Murray Brighton and Hove Albion Riyad Mahrez Leicester City", "title": "List of top Premier League goal scorers by season" } ]	Who is the only player to have played for Liverpool, Manchester United, Everton, and the team that once employed Richard Edghill?	Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE	[ "Peter Beardsley" ]	Title: Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry Passage: Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well. Title: 2017–18 EFL Cup Passage: All 92 clubs in the top four divisions of English football participate. In the first round, all the clubs in Football League Two and Football League One will enter alongside 22 of the 24 Football League Championship teams except for Hull City and Middlesbrough who received byes to the next round as the highest finishing teams relegated from the 2016 - 17 Premier League. In the second round, all Premier League clubs not involved in European competition enter. Arsenal, Chelsea, Everton, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United and Tottenham Hotspur all received byes to the third round owing to their participation in the UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League. Title: Peter Beardsley Passage: Peter Andrew Beardsley MBE (born 18 January 1961) is an English former footballer who played as a forward or midfielder between 1979 and 1999. In 1987, he set a record transfer fee in the English game and represented his country 59 times between 1986 and 1996, once as captain, taking part in two FIFA World Cups (1986 and 1990) and UEFA Euro 1988. At club level, he played for Newcastle United, Liverpool and Everton, having also had spells with Carlisle United, Manchester United, Vancouver Whitecaps, Bolton Wanderers, Manchester City, Fulham, Hartlepool United and the Melbourne Knights. He was briefly appointed as the caretaker manager of Newcastle United in 2010. Title: Richard Edghill Passage: He spent the majority of his career with his home town club, Manchester City. He spent numerous seasons in the Premier League and remained with the club through several relegations, followed by several promotions. He also appeared for Birmingham City in a loan spell and after leaving City in 2002 he moved on to Wigan Athletic. Spells with Sheffield United, Queens Park Rangers and Bradford City followed before ending his career with Macclesfield Town. He was capped by both England U21 and England B. Title: Premier League Passage: The league held its first season in 1992–93 and was originally composed of 22 clubs. The first ever Premier League goal was scored by Brian Deane of Sheffield United in a 2–1 win against Manchester United. The 22 inaugural members of the new Premier League were Arsenal, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Coventry City, Crystal Palace, Everton, Ipswich Town, Leeds United, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United, Middlesbrough, Norwich City, Nottingham Forest, Oldham Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Sheffield Wednesday, Southampton, Tottenham Hotspur, and Wimbledon. Luton Town, Notts County and West Ham United were the three teams relegated from the old first division at the end of the 1991–92 season, and did not take part in the inaugural Premier League season. Title: Arthur Albiston Passage: Arthur Richard Albiston (born 14 July 1957 in Edinburgh) is a Scottish former football player. Albiston played for Manchester United for most of his career, making almost 500 appearances for the club. He also made 14 international appearances for Scotland and was selected for their 1986 FIFA World Cup squad.	[ "Peter Beardsley", "Richard Edghill" ]
2hop__145459_42328	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Museum of Tropical Queensland (abbreviated MTQ) is a museum of natural history, archaeology and history located in Townsville, Queensland, Australia. It is located in the same complex as the Reef HQ Aquarium. MTQ is a member of the Queensland Museum Campus Network.", "title": "Museum of Tropical Queensland" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Strug () is a small settlement on the left bank of the Dravinja River in the Municipality of Makole in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.", "title": "Strug" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrzej Herder (31 August 1937, Warsaw, Poland – 21 May 2002, Łódź, Poland) was a Polish film and theatre actor.", "title": "Andrzej Herder" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrzej Jastrzębiec, also known as Andrzej Wasilko or Andrzej Polak, (died 1398) was a Polish Catholic priest and diplomat, a first bishop of Seret and of Vilnius. Little is known of his youth and he might have been born to a peasant family. He joined the Franciscans and quickly rose through the ranks of the order.", "title": "Andrzej Jastrzębiec" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Raleigh many tourists visit the Capital, African American Cultural Complex, Contemporary Art Museum of Raleigh, Gregg Museum of Art & Design at NCSU, Haywood Hall House & Gardens, Marbles Kids Museum, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of History, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Raleigh City Museum, J. C. Raulston Arboretum, Joel Lane House, Mordecai House, Montfort Hall, and the Pope House Museum. The Carolina Hurricanes NHL hockey team is also located in the city.", "title": "North Carolina" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Safir Office Machines Museum is a private museum located in Tehran, Iran. It was founded in 2008 by Frashad Kamalkhani, the museum owner. It includes a collection of early office machines.", "title": "Safir Office Machines Museum" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Brücke Museum in Berlin houses the world's largest collection of works by \"Die Brücke\" (\"The Bridge\"), an early 20th-century expressionist movement.", "title": "Brücke Museum" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SONS Museum (Shoes or No Shoes) is a Belgian museum dedicated to contemporary art connected to shoes as the subject. The museum is located at Kruishoutem, Belgium.", "title": "SONS Museum" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning \"the stone house of arms and ammunition\". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.", "title": "Kathmandu" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Andrzej Strug, real name Tadeusz (or Stefan) Gałecki (sources vary; 28 November 1871/1873 in Lublin – 9 December 1937 in Warsaw) was a Polish socialist politician, publicist and activist for Poland's independence. He was also a freemason and declined the offer to join the prestigious Polish Academy of Literature, upset by official criticism of the movement.", "title": "Andrzej Strug" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paldi is an affluent area located in South Western Ahmedabad, India. Corporate offices and city centres of many national and international companies like ICICI Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland, Religare, Claris, Wagh Bakri Tea Group, Gujarat Gas are located within Paldi. It accommodates Sanskar Kendra museum by the renowned architect Le Corbusier as well as Tagore Memorial Hall. The National Institute of Design is located in Paldi.", "title": "Paldi" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Criminals Hall of Fame Wax Museum was a wax museum on 5751 Victoria Avenue in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. One of many wax museums in the region, it was located at the top of Clifton Hill. The museum featured forty wax statues of notorious criminals, from mobsters to serial killers. The museum was created in 1977 and closed late 2014.", "title": "Criminals Hall of Fame" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrzej Stanisław Kremer (8 August 1961 in Kraków – 10 April 2010) was a Polish lawyer and diplomat, the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland.", "title": "Andrzej Kremer" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Upper East Regional Museum is a museum located in Bolgatanga, Ghana. The Upper East Regional Museum was established in 1972 and installed in its current location in 1991, by the Ghana National Commission on Culture. The museum is situated behind the Regional Library and adjacent to the craft village.", "title": "Upper East Regional Museum" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kostroma region Museum of Nature is a natural history museum located in Kostroma, Russia. The museum was founded in 1958 as a department of the Kostroma State Historical and Architectural Museum.", "title": "Kostroma region Museum of Nature" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Who Never Lived () is a 2006 Polish drama film directed by Andrzej Seweryn. It was entered into the 28th Moscow International Film Festival.", "title": "Who Never Lived" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Many of the area's prominent museums are located in the historic cultural center neighborhood around Wayne State University and the College for Creative Studies. These museums include the Detroit Institute of Arts, the Detroit Historical Museum, Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, the Detroit Science Center, as well as the main branch of the Detroit Public Library. Other cultural highlights include Motown Historical Museum, the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant museum (birthplace of the Ford Model T and the world's oldest car factory building open to the public), the Pewabic Pottery studio and school, the Tuskegee Airmen Museum, Fort Wayne, the Dossin Great Lakes Museum, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit (MOCAD), the Contemporary Art Institute of Detroit (CAID), and the Belle Isle Conservatory.", "title": "Detroit" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Andrzej Sztolf (9 June 1941 – 1 February 2012) was a Polish ski jumper. He competed in the large hill event at the 1964 Winter Olympics.", "title": "Andrzej Sztolf" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As interesting examples of expositions the most notable are: the world's first Museum of Posters boasting one of the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum. From among Warsaw's 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch as well as one of the best collections of paintings in the country including some paintings from Adolf Hitler's private collection, and Museum of the Polish Army whose set portrays the history of arms.", "title": "Warsaw" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Canada Aviation and Space Museum () (formerly the Canada Aviation Museum and National Aeronautical Collection) is Canada's national aviation history museum. The museum is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, at the Ottawa/Rockcliffe Airport.", "title": "Canada Aviation and Space Museum" } ]	How many museums are in where Andrzej Strug died?	60	[]	Title: Warsaw Passage: As interesting examples of expositions the most notable are: the world's first Museum of Posters boasting one of the largest collections of art posters in the world, Museum of Hunting and Riding and the Railway Museum. From among Warsaw's 60 museums, the most prestigious ones are National Museum with a collection of works whose origin ranges in time from antiquity till the present epoch as well as one of the best collections of paintings in the country including some paintings from Adolf Hitler's private collection, and Museum of the Polish Army whose set portrays the history of arms. Title: Detroit Passage: Many of the area's prominent museums are located in the historic cultural center neighborhood around Wayne State University and the College for Creative Studies. These museums include the Detroit Institute of Arts, the Detroit Historical Museum, Charles H. Wright Museum of African American History, the Detroit Science Center, as well as the main branch of the Detroit Public Library. Other cultural highlights include Motown Historical Museum, the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant museum (birthplace of the Ford Model T and the world's oldest car factory building open to the public), the Pewabic Pottery studio and school, the Tuskegee Airmen Museum, Fort Wayne, the Dossin Great Lakes Museum, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit (MOCAD), the Contemporary Art Institute of Detroit (CAID), and the Belle Isle Conservatory. Title: Andrzej Strug Passage: Andrzej Strug, real name Tadeusz (or Stefan) Gałecki (sources vary; 28 November 1871/1873 in Lublin – 9 December 1937 in Warsaw) was a Polish socialist politician, publicist and activist for Poland's independence. He was also a freemason and declined the offer to join the prestigious Polish Academy of Literature, upset by official criticism of the movement. Title: Brücke Museum Passage: The Brücke Museum in Berlin houses the world's largest collection of works by "Die Brücke" ("The Bridge"), an early 20th-century expressionist movement. Title: Canada Aviation and Space Museum Passage: The Canada Aviation and Space Museum () (formerly the Canada Aviation Museum and National Aeronautical Collection) is Canada's national aviation history museum. The museum is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, at the Ottawa/Rockcliffe Airport. Title: Kathmandu Passage: The National Museum is located in the western part of Kathmandu, near the Swayambhunath stupa in an historical building. This building was constructed in the early 19th century by General Bhimsen Thapa. It is the most important museum in the country, housing an extensive collection of weapons, art and antiquities of historic and cultural importance. The museum was established in 1928 as a collection house of war trophies and weapons, and the initial name of this museum was Chhauni Silkhana, meaning "the stone house of arms and ammunition". Given its focus, the museum contains many weapons, including locally made firearms used in wars, leather cannons from the 18th–19th century, and medieval and modern works in wood, bronze, stone and paintings.	[ "Andrzej Strug", "Warsaw" ]
2hop__781452_506247	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Miller Peninsula is a small peninsula in Clallam County, Washington and Jefferson County, Washington surrounded by Discovery Bay on the east, the Strait of Juan de Fuca to the north, and Sequim Bay to the west. Small residential communities on the peninsula include Blyn, at the southwest corner; Diamond Point, on the northeast corner; Gardiner, midway down the eastern shore; and Discovery Bay at the foot. See Discovery Bay, Washington for additional detail on placenames in the area.", "title": "Miller Peninsula" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property.", "title": "Kennedy Space Center" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Lubuge Dam () is a rock-fill embankment dam on the Huangni River, a tributary of the Nanpan River, located near Lubugexiang in Luoping County on the border of Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces, China. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports a 600 MW power station. Construction on the project began in 1982 and it was completed in 1991. Funded by the World Bank, it was the first loan offered by the bank to China's power sector.", "title": "Lubuge Dam" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "George Pelton Lawrence (May 19, 1859 – November 21, 1917) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.", "title": "George P. Lawrence" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.", "title": "Borders of China" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Pelton Dam is a major dam on the Deschutes River in Jefferson County, Oregon, owned and operated as a hydroelectric facility by Portland General Electric, one element of its Pelton Round Butte Project on the Deschutes.", "title": "Pelton Dam" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sweetwater Dam is a dam across the Sweetwater River in San Diego County, California. It is located approximately east of San Diego, and borders Bonita to the southwest and La Presa to the northeast. The -high masonry arch dam impounds Sweetwater Reservoir.", "title": "Sweetwater Dam" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793.", "title": "Minsk Voivodeship" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Okutadami Dam (奥只見ダム) is a concrete gravity dam on the Tadami River, east of Uonuma on the border of Niigata and Fukushima Prefectures, Japan. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports a 560 MW power station which is the largest conventional hydroelectric power station in Japan. The dam also forms the second largest reservoir in Japan, next to that of the Tokuyama Dam.", "title": "Okutadami Dam" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera.", "title": "Kingdom of Gera" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "title": "Northern Territory" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Foldsjøen is a reservoir located on the border of Møre og Romsdal and Trøndelag counties in Norway. It is located in the municipalities of Surnadal and Rindal. The lake is dammed from the Folda River and the water is used in the Trollheim power station. Slightly more elevated and directly to the south is the Gråsjøen reservoir, which is also behind a hydro-power dam.", "title": "Foldsjøen" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory.", "title": "Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory)" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.", "title": "Tatra County" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.", "title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.", "title": "Bogotá" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:", "title": "Khabarovsky District" } ]	What county shares a border with another county that contains Pelton Dam?	Clallam County	[ "Clallam County, Washington" ]	Title: Kennedy Space Center Passage: The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center) is one of ten National Aeronautics and Space Administration field centers. Since December 1968, the KSC has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. Launch operations for the Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs were carried out from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 and managed by KSC. Located on the east coast of Florida, KSC is adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). The management of the two entities work very closely together, share resources, and even own facilities on each other's property. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Miller Peninsula Passage: The Miller Peninsula is a small peninsula in Clallam County, Washington and Jefferson County, Washington surrounded by Discovery Bay on the east, the Strait of Juan de Fuca to the north, and Sequim Bay to the west. Small residential communities on the peninsula include Blyn, at the southwest corner; Diamond Point, on the northeast corner; Gardiner, midway down the eastern shore; and Discovery Bay at the foot. See Discovery Bay, Washington for additional detail on placenames in the area. Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Pelton Dam Passage: Pelton Dam is a major dam on the Deschutes River in Jefferson County, Oregon, owned and operated as a hydroelectric facility by Portland General Electric, one element of its Pelton Round Butte Project on the Deschutes.	[ "Miller Peninsula", "Pelton Dam" ]
2hop__451164_140822	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Delta is an American sitcom starring Delta Burke that aired on ABC from September 15, 1992 to August 25, 1993. It was a new starring vehicle for Burke, as her return to television following her dismissal from the CBS sitcom \"Designing Women\" in the spring of 1991.", "title": "Delta (TV series)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ESPN College Basketball on ABC (originally College Basketball on ABC) is the branding formerly used for broadcasts of NCAA Division I college basketball games produced by ESPN, and televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). ABC broadcast select college basketball games during the 1960s and 1970s, before it began televising them on a regular basis on January 18, 1987 (involving a game between the LSU Tigers and Kentucky Wildcats). As CBS and NBC were also broadcasting college games at the time, this put the sport on all three major broadcast television networks. ABC's final regular college basketball broadcast aired on March 7, 2009 (between the Oklahoma State Cowboys and Oklahoma Sooners).", "title": "ESPN College Basketball on ABC" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship College Football Playoff Clemson Tigers Alabama Crimson Tide (13 -- 1) (14 -- 0) ACC SEC 35 31 Head coach: Dabo Swinney Head coach: Nick Saban AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP Total Clemson 0 7 7 21 35 Alabama 7 7 10 7 31 Date January 9, 2017 Season 2016 Stadium Raymond James Stadium Location Tampa, Florida MVP Offensive: # 4 QB Deshaun Watson, Jr. Clemson Defensive: # 10 LB Ben Boulware, Sr. Clemson Favorite Alabama by 6.5 National anthem Little Big Town Referee Mike Defee (Big 12) Halftime show Million Dollar Band, Clemson University Tiger Band Attendance 74,512 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Samantha Ponder and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Eduardo Varela and Pablo Virugela (ESPN Deportes) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) Nielsen ratings 15.3 (26.0 million viewers) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2016 2018 >", "title": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ESPN Monday Night Football Genre American football game telecasts Created by Roone Arledge Directed by Chet Forte (1970 -- 1986) Larry Kamm (1987) Craig Janoff (1988 -- 1999) Drew Esocoff (2000 -- 2005) Chip Dean (2006 -- present) Presented by Commentators: Sean McDonough Lisa Salters Studio hosts: Suzy Kolber Steve Young Randy Moss Matt Hasselbeck Charles Woodson Opening theme ``Score ''by Bob's Band (1970 -- 1975)`` All My Rowdy Friends Are Here on Monday Night'' by Hank Williams, Jr. (1989 -- 2011; 2017 -- present) ``Heavy Action ''by Johnny Pearson (1976 -- 1988; 2011 -- 2016) (used as secondary theme from 1989 to 2011 and again from 2017 -- present) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 47 (NFL seasons) No. of episodes 718 (games) Production Executive producer (s) Norby Williamson (2006 -- present) Producer (s) Roger Lewin Jay Rothman Suzy Kolber (uncredited; 2006 -- present) Location (s) Various NFL stadiums (game telecasts) ESPN Center, Bristol, Connecticut (studio segments) Camera setup Multi-camera Running time 3 - 4 hours Production company (s) National Football League ABC Sports (1970 -- 2005) ESPN (2006 -- present) Release Original network ABC (1970 -- 2005) ESPN (2006 -- present) Picture format 480i (SDTV) (1970 -- 2010), 480i (16: 9 SDTV) (2011 -- present), 720p (HDTV) (2011 -- present) Original release September 21, 1970 (1970 - 09 - 21) -- present Chronology Related shows Monday Night Countdown External links Website", "title": "Monday Night Football" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Alabama Crimson Tide Georgia Bulldogs (12 -- 1) (13 -- 1) SEC SEC 26 23 Head coach: Nick Saban Head coach: Kirby Smart AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP OT Total Alabama 0 0 10 10 6 26 Georgia 0 13 7 0 23 Date January 8, 2018 Season 2017 Stadium Mercedes - Benz Stadium Location Atlanta, Georgia MVP Offensive: # 13 QB Tua Tagovailoa, Fr. Alabama Defensive: # 94 DT Daron Payne, Jr. Alabama Favorite Alabama by 3.5 National anthem Zac Brown Band Referee Dan Capron (Big Ten) Halftime show Georgia Redcoat Marching Band Million Dollar Band Attendance 77,430 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Maria Taylor and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2017 2019 >", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "City Slam (also known as ESPN City Slam) is an ESPN television series that premiered in 2005. The show is a basketball competition featuring streetball players competing in a slam dunk and three-point shooting contest.", "title": "City Slam" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Alabama Crimson Tide Georgia Bulldogs (12 -- 1) (13 -- 1) SEC SEC 26 23 Head coach: Nick Saban Head coach: Kirby Smart AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP OT Total Alabama 0 0 10 10 6 26 Georgia 0 13 7 0 23 Date January 8, 2018 Season 2017 Stadium Mercedes - Benz Stadium Location Atlanta, Georgia MVP Offensive: # 13 QB Tua Tagovailoa, Fr. Alabama Defensive: # 94 DT Da'Ron Payne, Jr. Alabama Favorite Alabama by 3.5 National anthem Zac Brown Band Referee Dan Capron (Big Ten) Halftime show Georgia Redcoat Marching Band Million Dollar Band Attendance 77,430 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Maria Taylor and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2017 2019 >", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The game was televised nationally by ESPN. On January 8, 2018, the network announced that its broadcast would feature a live performance by Kendrick Lamar during halftime. This performance was separate from the event proper at Mercedes - Benz Stadium (which featured a traditional halftime show with the marching bands of the participating teams), and originated from Centennial Olympic Park.", "title": "2018 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "ESPN College Football on ABC (branded for sponsorship purposes as ESPN College Football on ABC presented by Walmart or Kay Jewelers) is the branding used for broadcasts of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football games that are produced by ESPN, and televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. ABC first began broadcasting regular season college football games in 1950 and has aired them on an annual basis since 1966. The network features games from The American, Atlantic Coast, Big Ten, Big 12, and Pac-12 conferences. In addition, ESPN also produces a separate prime time regular-season game package for ABC, under the umbrella brand \"Saturday Night Football\". (ESPN and ABC are both owned by The Walt Disney Company).", "title": "ESPN College Football on ABC" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Craig Wolfley (born May 19, 1958) is a former American football player and current sideline reporter for the Pittsburgh Steelers. Along with former teammate Tunch Ilkin, he hosts a show on 970 ESPN.", "title": "Craig Wolfley" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "College Football Scoreboard is a program on ESPN, ESPN2, and ABC that provides up-to-the-minute scores and highlights during the college football season. The official name is \"College Football Scoreboard presented by Honda\". The name of the show was College \"Gameday\" Scoreboard until 2006. It airs four times a day, at 3 p.m. ET and 7 p.m. ET on ESPN and at 3 p.m. ET and 7 p.m. ET on ESPN2. It also airs on ABC as an interlude between the 12 p.m. and 3:30 p.m. afternoon games and will sometimes air before \"Saturday Night Football\" if that game starts at 7:30 p.m. ET instead of the usual 8 p.m. ET timeslot. The 3 p.m. ET programs on both networks are thirty minutes long and the 7 p.m. ET programs on both networks lead up to \"College Football Primetime\". However, it is subject to being, and often is, pre-empted due to earlier games running long into the show's timeslot, and often games run into each other without any kind of \"Scoreboard\" interlude.", "title": "College Football Scoreboard" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pardon the Interruption (abbreviated PTI) is a sports television show that airs weekdays on various ESPN TV channels. It is hosted by Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon, who discuss, and frequently argue over, the top stories of the day in \"sports... and other stuff\" (as Kornheiser put it in the show's original promo).", "title": "Pardon the Interruption" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship College Football Playoff Clemson Tigers Alabama Crimson Tide (13 -- 1) (14 -- 0) ACC SEC 35 31 Head coach: Dabo Swinney Head coach: Nick Saban AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP Total Clemson 0 7 7 21 35 Alabama 7 7 10 7 31 Date January 9, 2017 Season 2016 Stadium Raymond James Stadium Location Tampa, Florida MVP Offensive: # 4 Deshaun Watson Clemson Defensive: # 10 Ben Boulware Clemson Favorite Alabama by 6.5 National anthem Little Big Town Referee Mike Defee (Big 12) Halftime show Million Dollar Band, Clemson University Tiger Band Attendance 74,512 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers ESPN: Chris Fowler (play - by - play) Kirk Herbstreit (analyst) Samantha Ponder (sideline reporter) Tom Rinaldi (sideline reporter) ESPN Deportes: Eduardo Varela (play by play) Pablo Viruega (analyst) ESPN Brazil: Everaldo Marques (play by play) Antony Curti (analyst) ESPN Radio: Sean McDonough (play - by - play) Todd Blackledge (analyst) Holly Rowe (sideline reporter) Ian Fitzsimmons (sideline reporter) Joe Tessitore, Barrett Jones, Adam Amin, and Tajh Boyd (ESPN2 Homer's Telecast). Nielsen ratings 15.3 (26.0 million viewers) International TV coverage Network ESPN Deportes College Football Playoff National Championship < 2016 2018 >", "title": "2017 College Football Playoff National Championship" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ESPN Monday Night Countdown, which debuted in 1993 on ESPN, is a television program featuring analysis and news on that night's NFL game to be broadcast on ESPN. The show was originally titled \"NFL Prime Monday\" from 1993-97 before it was renamed \"Monday Night Countdown\" in 1998. The official name of the show is \"Monday Night Countdown served by Applebee's.\" The show's previous sponsor was UPS.", "title": "Monday Night Countdown" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ESPN Monday Night Football (abbreviated as MNF and also known as ESPN Monday Night Football on ABC for rare live special broadcast) is a live television broadcast of weekly National Football League (NFL) games on ESPN in the United States. From 1970 to 2005, it aired on sister broadcast network ABC. Monday Night Football was, along with Hallmark Hall of Fame and the Walt Disney anthology television series, one of the longest - running prime time programs ever on commercial network television, and one of the highest - rated, particularly among male viewers. MNF is preceded on air by Monday Night Countdown served by Chili's.", "title": "Monday Night Football" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "TNA Football is a sports talk radio show originating from Columbia, SC on WOIC AM 1230 (An Inner City Broadcasting Station). The hosts are Thomas \"T-Mo\" Moore (The T in TNA Football) and Ace Campbell (The A in TNA Football) and produced Dr. Charles Campbell. The show started in August 2007 and has quickly caught on with listeners.", "title": "TNA Football" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SportsCenter (SC) is a daily sports news television program that serves as the flagship program of American cable and satellite television network ESPN. The show covers various sports teams and athletes from around the world and often shows highlights of sports from the (previous) day. Originally broadcast only once per day, \"SportsCenter\" now has up to twelve airings each day, excluding overnight repeats. The show often covers the major sports in the U.S. including basketball, hockey, football, and baseball. SportsCenter is also known for its recaps after sports events and its in-depth analysis by different anchors and popular figures like Stephen A. Smith and Scott Van Pelt. The show continues to be the flagship show for ESPN and leads the way in sports broadcasting and entertainment.", "title": "SportsCenter" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "ESPN Sunday Night Football was the ESPN cable network's weekly television broadcasts of Sunday evening National Football League (NFL) games. The first ESPN Sunday night broadcast occurred on November 8, 1987, while the last one aired on January 1, 2006.", "title": "ESPN Sunday Night Football" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pittsburgh Game Night is a nightly sports talk show on ESPN Radio 1250 in Pittsburgh, United States. The show features regular personalities Chris Mack, Jim Colony, Joe DeStio, and Ken Laird. Broadcast runs from 7-9 PM Monday to Friday.", "title": "Pittsburgh Game Night" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christopher Jason Witten (born May 6, 1982) is a former American football tight end who played 15 seasons for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Tennessee, and was drafted by the Cowboys in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft. Witten ranks second in all - time career receptions and receiving yards by an NFL tight end, trailing only Tony Gonzalez. He currently serves as a color analyst for ESPN's Monday Night Football.", "title": "Jason Witten" } ]	Where can you find the ESPN College Football show, on the original broadcaster of Delta?	American Broadcasting Company	[]	Title: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship Passage: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship College Football Playoff Clemson Tigers Alabama Crimson Tide (13 -- 1) (14 -- 0) ACC SEC 35 31 Head coach: Dabo Swinney Head coach: Nick Saban AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP Total Clemson 0 7 7 21 35 Alabama 7 7 10 7 31 Date January 9, 2017 Season 2016 Stadium Raymond James Stadium Location Tampa, Florida MVP Offensive: # 4 QB Deshaun Watson, Jr. Clemson Defensive: # 10 LB Ben Boulware, Sr. Clemson Favorite Alabama by 6.5 National anthem Little Big Town Referee Mike Defee (Big 12) Halftime show Million Dollar Band, Clemson University Tiger Band Attendance 74,512 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Samantha Ponder and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Eduardo Varela and Pablo Virugela (ESPN Deportes) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) Nielsen ratings 15.3 (26.0 million viewers) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2016 2018 > Title: TNA Football Passage: TNA Football is a sports talk radio show originating from Columbia, SC on WOIC AM 1230 (An Inner City Broadcasting Station). The hosts are Thomas "T-Mo" Moore (The T in TNA Football) and Ace Campbell (The A in TNA Football) and produced Dr. Charles Campbell. The show started in August 2007 and has quickly caught on with listeners. Title: ESPN College Football on ABC Passage: ESPN College Football on ABC (branded for sponsorship purposes as ESPN College Football on ABC presented by Walmart or Kay Jewelers) is the branding used for broadcasts of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football games that are produced by ESPN, and televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. ABC first began broadcasting regular season college football games in 1950 and has aired them on an annual basis since 1966. The network features games from The American, Atlantic Coast, Big Ten, Big 12, and Pac-12 conferences. In addition, ESPN also produces a separate prime time regular-season game package for ABC, under the umbrella brand "Saturday Night Football". (ESPN and ABC are both owned by The Walt Disney Company). Title: Pardon the Interruption Passage: Pardon the Interruption (abbreviated PTI) is a sports television show that airs weekdays on various ESPN TV channels. It is hosted by Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon, who discuss, and frequently argue over, the top stories of the day in "sports... and other stuff" (as Kornheiser put it in the show's original promo). Title: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship Passage: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship College Football Playoff Clemson Tigers Alabama Crimson Tide (13 -- 1) (14 -- 0) ACC SEC 35 31 Head coach: Dabo Swinney Head coach: Nick Saban AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP Total Clemson 0 7 7 21 35 Alabama 7 7 10 7 31 Date January 9, 2017 Season 2016 Stadium Raymond James Stadium Location Tampa, Florida MVP Offensive: # 4 Deshaun Watson Clemson Defensive: # 10 Ben Boulware Clemson Favorite Alabama by 6.5 National anthem Little Big Town Referee Mike Defee (Big 12) Halftime show Million Dollar Band, Clemson University Tiger Band Attendance 74,512 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers ESPN: Chris Fowler (play - by - play) Kirk Herbstreit (analyst) Samantha Ponder (sideline reporter) Tom Rinaldi (sideline reporter) ESPN Deportes: Eduardo Varela (play by play) Pablo Viruega (analyst) ESPN Brazil: Everaldo Marques (play by play) Antony Curti (analyst) ESPN Radio: Sean McDonough (play - by - play) Todd Blackledge (analyst) Holly Rowe (sideline reporter) Ian Fitzsimmons (sideline reporter) Joe Tessitore, Barrett Jones, Adam Amin, and Tajh Boyd (ESPN2 Homer's Telecast). Nielsen ratings 15.3 (26.0 million viewers) International TV coverage Network ESPN Deportes College Football Playoff National Championship < 2016 2018 > Title: Delta (TV series) Passage: Delta is an American sitcom starring Delta Burke that aired on ABC from September 15, 1992 to August 25, 1993. It was a new starring vehicle for Burke, as her return to television following her dismissal from the CBS sitcom "Designing Women" in the spring of 1991.	[ "Delta (TV series)", "ESPN College Football on ABC" ]
3hop2__101072_160178_54090	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Choi Kyoung-hwan (born June 22, 1955) is a member of the National Assembly of South Korea in the Hannara Party. He represents the Gyeongsan-Cheongdo region of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Choi has promised to work for the extension of Daegu Subway Line 1 beyond the borders of Daegu to Gyeongsan, and to expand the Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology. Choi was the acting Prime Minister from 27 April 2015 to 18 June 2015.", "title": "Choi Kyoung-hwan" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fold mountains form when two tectonic plates move towards each other at a convergent plate boundary. Fold mountains form from sedimentary rocks that accumulate along the margins of continents. When plates and the continents riding on them collide, the accumulated layers of rock may crumple and fold like a tablecloth that is pushed across a table, particularly if there is a mechanically weak layer such as salt. They are also present in south africa, in many regions of the Western cape province.", "title": "Fold mountains" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone.", "title": "South America" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A continent is one of several very large landmasses of the world. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.", "title": "Continent" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "A continent is one of several very large landmasses on Earth. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.", "title": "Continent" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Population size fluctuates at differing rates in differing regions. Nonetheless, population growth is the long - standing trend on all inhabited continents, as well as in most individual states. During the 20th century, the global population saw its greatest increase in known history, rising from about 1.6 billion in 1900 to over 6 billion in 2000. A number of factors contributed to this increase, including the lessening of the mortality rate in many countries by improved sanitation and medical advances, and a massive increase in agricultural productivity attributed to the Green Revolution.", "title": "World population" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state.", "title": "United Nations Regional Groups" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gotjawal Forest is a naturally formed forest located on the middle slopes of Halla Mountain, Jeju Island in South Korea. It covers the rocky area of ʻaʻā on Jeju Island off the southwestern coast of South Korea. Due to the geographical feature, the region remains largely undisturbed by people. The \"Gotjawal Forest\" is an enclave of the Southern Korea evergreen forests ecoregion, and is a favorite place of the Jeju locals.", "title": "Gotjawal Forest" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access.", "title": "Communications in Somalia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa:", "title": "East Africa" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Earth's lithosphere is divided into several rigid tectonic plates that migrate across the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of Earth's surface is covered with water, mostly by oceans. The remaining 29% is land consisting of continents and islands that together have many lakes, rivers and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. The majority of Earth's polar regions are covered in ice, including the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice of the Arctic ice pack. Earth's interior remains active with a solid iron inner core, a liquid outer core that generates the Earth's magnetic field, and a convecting mantle that drives plate tectonics.", "title": "Earth" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As of May 2018, 193 states have become parties to the CWC and accept its obligations. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other UN member states (Egypt, North Korea and South Sudan) have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty. Most recently, the State of Palestine deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC on 17 May 2018. In September 2013 Syria acceded to the convention as part of an agreement for the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons.As of November 2018, 96.62% of the world's declared chemical weapons stockpiles had been destroyed. The convention has provisions for systematic evaluation of chemical production facilities, as well as for investigations of allegations of use and production of chemical weapons based on intelligence of other state parties.", "title": "Chemical Weapons Convention" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Green Party Korea is a political party in South Korea. The Green party was established in March 2012. It is a continuation of the Korea Greens, created following initial discussions in 2011. The party was established in response to the Fukushima Nuclear Crisis of Japan. Green Party Korea is a member of the Global Greens and the Asia-Pacific Green Network. As a result of the party only getting 0.48% in the 19th national parliamentary election in April 2012, the party was disbanded by the National Election Administration Office.", "title": "Green Party Korea" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastoralist sketches of animal and human figures. In other places, such as the northern Dhambalin region, a depiction of a man on a horse is postulated as being one of the earliest known examples of a mounted huntsman.", "title": "Somalis" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members", "title": "National Pan-Hellenic Council" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model.", "title": "Australia (continent)" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second - largest and second-most - populous continent (the first being Asia). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Chennai Moffusil Bus Terminus (CMBT), one of Asia's Largest Bus Terminus, is just across the 100 feet Road opposite to Arumbakkam.", "title": "Arumbakkam" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The states of North Eastern Region are officially recognised under the North Eastern Council (NEC), constituted in 1971 as the acting agency for the development of the north eastern states. Long after induction of NEC, Sikkim formed part of the North Eastern Region as the eighth state in 2002. India's Look - East connectivity projects connect Northeast India to China and ASEAN.", "title": "Northeast India" } ]	How many regions in the continent of Arumbakkam does the agency that Norh Korea a member of recognize?	53 member states	[]	Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: United Nations Regional Groups Passage: the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state. Title: Chemical Weapons Convention Passage: As of May 2018, 193 states have become parties to the CWC and accept its obligations. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other UN member states (Egypt, North Korea and South Sudan) have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty. Most recently, the State of Palestine deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC on 17 May 2018. In September 2013 Syria acceded to the convention as part of an agreement for the destruction of Syria's chemical weapons.As of November 2018, 96.62% of the world's declared chemical weapons stockpiles had been destroyed. The convention has provisions for systematic evaluation of chemical production facilities, as well as for investigations of allegations of use and production of chemical weapons based on intelligence of other state parties. Title: South America Passage: Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone. Title: Continent Passage: A continent is one of several very large landmasses of the world. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in size to smallest, they are: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Title: Arumbakkam Passage: BULLET::::- Chennai Moffusil Bus Terminus (CMBT), one of Asia's Largest Bus Terminus, is just across the 100 feet Road opposite to Arumbakkam.	[ "United Nations Regional Groups", "Chemical Weapons Convention", "Arumbakkam" ]
3hop1__771249_755188_480696	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kåfjord is a village in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. The village is located along the Kåfjorden, about west of the town of Alta along the European route E6 highway. The village of Kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the E6 highway.", "title": "Kåfjord, Alta" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934", "title": "Currie Cup" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Francisco Garcés was the first European in the area. Nevada was annexed as a part of the Spanish Empire in the northwestern territory of New Spain. Administratively, the area of Nevada was part of the Commandancy General of the Provincias Internas in the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Nevada became a part of Alta California (Upper California) province in 1804 when the Californias were split. With the Mexican War of Independence won in 1821, the province of Alta California became a territory - not a state - of Mexico, due to the small population. In later years, a desire for increased autonomy led to several attempts by the Alta Californians to gain independence from Mexico. Jedediah Smith entered the Las Vegas Valley in 1827, and Peter Skene Ogden traveled the Humboldt River in 1828. As a result of the Mexican -- American War and the Treaty of Guadalupe - Hidalgo, Mexico permanently lost Alta California in 1848. The new areas acquired by the United States continued to be administered as territories. As part of the Mexican Cession (1848) and the subsequent California Gold Rush that used Emigrant Trails through the area, the state's area evolved first as part of the Utah Territory, then the Nevada Territory (March 2, 1861; named for the Sierra Nevada). The capitol is Carson City", "title": "History of Nevada" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.", "title": "Dallol (woreda)" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Good is an unincorporated community in northeastern Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States atop Bear Garden Mountain. Good is located on the Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127) at I.L. Pugh Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 6/2) east of Bloomery and northwest of Winchester on the West Virginia/Virginia border. Good partly lies in Frederick County, Virginia.", "title": "Good, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg.", "title": "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia has a total area of 42,774.2 square miles (110,784.7 km2), including 3,180.13 square miles (8,236.5 km2) of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court.", "title": "Virginia" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs.", "title": "Meadow River" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate.", "title": "Latvia" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Texas (/ ˈtɛksəs /, locally / ˈtɛksəz /; Spanish: Texas or Tejas, pronounced (ˈtexas)) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "title": "Texas" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania.", "title": "Northern Territory" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court.", "title": "Virginia" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Allingdale is an unincorporated community in northeastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. The town is located along West Virginia Route 20 near the intersection with Strouds Creek Road and the Webster County line.", "title": "Allingdale, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "India (IAST: Bhārat), also known as the Republic of India (IAST: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.", "title": "India" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida.", "title": "Tudor's Biscuit World" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Alta is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located on West Virginia Route 16 and West Virginia Route 39 north of Gauley Bridge.", "title": "Alta, Fayette County, West Virginia" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard.", "title": "San Lucas AVA" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Trescares is one of eight parishes (administrative divisions) in Peñamellera Alta, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It is located in the Picos de Europa National Park.", "title": "Trescares" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Belebeyevsky District (; ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Tuymazinsky and Buzdyaksky Districts in the north, Davlekanovsky District in the east, Alsheyevsky District in the southeast, Bizhbulyaksky District in the south, and with Yermekeyevsky District in the west. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Belebey (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 41,708.", "title": "Belebeyevsky District" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:", "title": "Biysky District" } ]	In what country is Atla, near Allingdale's county?	U.S.	[ "US of A", "America", "U.S", "the United States", "the U.S.", "United States", "US" ]	Title: Belebeyevsky District Passage: Belebeyevsky District (; ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders with Tuymazinsky and Buzdyaksky Districts in the north, Davlekanovsky District in the east, Alsheyevsky District in the southeast, Bizhbulyaksky District in the south, and with Yermekeyevsky District in the west. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Belebey (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 41,708. Title: Allingdale, West Virginia Passage: Allingdale is an unincorporated community in northeastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. The town is located along West Virginia Route 20 near the intersection with Strouds Creek Road and the Webster County line. Title: Meadow River Passage: The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. Title: Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia Passage: Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Title: Northern Territory Passage: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. Title: Currie Cup Passage: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934	[ "Alta, Greenbrier County, West Virginia", "Meadow River", "Allingdale, West Virginia" ]
3hop2__9998_424725_46960	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The first country to attempt to circumnavigate Africa was Portugal, which had, since the early 15th century, begun to explore northern Africa under Henry the Navigator. Emboldened by these early successes and eyeing a lucrative monopoly on a possible sea route to the Indies the Portuguese first crossed the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 on an expedition led by Bartolomeu Dias. Just nine years later in 1497 on the orders of Manuel I of Portugal, four vessels under the command of navigator Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope, continuing to the eastern coast of Africa to Malindi to sail across the Indian Ocean to Calicut, on the Malabar Coast. in south India -- the capital of the local Zamorin rulers. The wealth of the Indies was now open for the Europeans to explore; the Portuguese Empire was the earliest European seaborne empire to grow from the spice trade.", "title": "Spice trade" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "European exploration of Sub-Saharan Africa begins with the Age of Discovery in the 15th century, pioneered by Portugal under Henry the Navigator. The Cape of Good Hope was first reached by Bartolomeu Dias on 12 March 1488, opening the important sea route to India and the Far East, but European exploration of Africa itself remained very limited during the 16th and 17th centuries. The European powers were content to establish trading posts along the coast while they were actively exploring and colonizing the New World. Exploration of the interior of Africa was thus mostly left to the Arab slave traders, who in tandem with the Muslim conquest of the Sudan established far - reaching networks and supported the economy of a number of Sahelian kingdoms during the 15th to 18th centuries.", "title": "European exploration of Africa" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gibbs Point, a rock point on the Antarctic Peninsula, the most northern area of the continent of Antarctica, was named for African American Antarctic explorer, George W. Gibbs, Jr. on September 2, 2009. On that date, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (U.S. Board on Geographic Names) confirmed the place name in Antarctica for Gibbs as the first black explorer to set foot on the continent. Gibbs Point is a rock point forming the northwest entrance to Gaul Cove, on the northeast of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.", "title": "Gibbs Point" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilkins Runway is a single runway aerodrome operated by Australia, located on upper glacier of the ice sheet Preston Heath, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land, on the continent of Antarctica, but southeast of the actual coast. It is named after Sir Hubert Wilkins, a pioneer of Antarctic aviation and exploration.", "title": "Wilkins Runway" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Frisland, also called Frischlant, Friesland, Frislanda, Frislandia, or Fixland, is a phantom island that appeared on virtually all of the maps of the North Atlantic from the 1560s through the 1660s.", "title": "Frisland" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Paril Saddle (Parilska Sedlovina \\pa-'ril-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\\) is a saddle of elevation 1398 m in Friesland Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, Antarctica. Bounded by St. Boris Peak to the northeast, and Simeon Peak to the southwest. Overlooking Macy Glacier to the east and southeast, and Huntress Glacier to the west and northwest. Bulgarian topographic survey in 1995/96 (estimated elevation 1390 m), and mapping in 2005 and 2009. It was first visited and GPS-surveyed by the Bulgarian climbers D. Boyanov, N. Petkov and N. Hazarbasanov on 15 January 2017.", "title": "Paril Saddle" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under \"North Africa.\" Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.", "title": "Near East" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portuguese discoveries (Portuguese: Descobrimentos portugueses) are the numerous territories and maritime routes discovered by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries. Portuguese sailors were at the vanguard of European overseas exploration, discovering and mapping the coasts of Africa, Canada, Asia and Brazil, in what became known as the Age of Discovery. Methodical expeditions started in 1419 along West Africa's coast under the sponsorship of prince Henry the Navigator, with Bartolomeu Dias reaching the Cape of Good Hope and entering the Indian Ocean in 1488. Ten years later, in 1498, Vasco da Gama led the first fleet around Africa to India, arriving in Calicut and starting a maritime route from Portugal to India. Portuguese explorations then proceeded to southeast Asia, where they reached Japan in 1542, forty - four years after their first arrival in India. In 1500, the Portuguese nobleman Pedro Álvares Cabral became the first European to discover Brazil.", "title": "Portuguese discoveries" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In January 2009, the European Commission announced it would investigate the bundling of Internet Explorer with Windows operating systems from Microsoft, saying \"Microsoft's tying of Internet Explorer to the Windows operating system harms competition between web browsers, undermines product innovation and ultimately reduces consumer choice.\" Microsoft Corp v Commission", "title": "Web browser" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling () was the cartographic, topographic and general maps department of the Danish army from 1842 to 1928. It supplied both government and civilian organizations with accurate maps of Denmark.", "title": "Generalstabens Topografiske Afdeling" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859).", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery. Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavour. During this period, Portugal explored the Atlantic Ocean, discovering several Atlantic archipelagos like the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde, explored the African coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope, discovered Brazil, explored the Indian Ocean, established trading routes throughout most of southern Asia, and sent the first direct European maritime trade and diplomatic missions to China and Japan.", "title": "Portugal" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Global exploration started with the Portuguese discoveries of the Atlantic archipelagos of Madeira and the Azores, the coast of Africa, and the discovery of the sea route to India in 1498; and the Crown of Castile (Spain) the trans - Atlantic Voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas between 1492 and 1502 and the first circumnavigation of the globe in 1519 -- 1522. These discoveries led to numerous naval expeditions across the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans, and land expeditions in the Americas, Asia, Africa and Australia that continued into the late 19th century, and ended with the exploration of the polar regions in the 20th century.", "title": "Age of Discovery" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere.", "title": "Africa" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Wilkes Land is named after Lieutenant Charles Wilkes (later a Rear Admiral), the American explorer who commanded the 1838–42 United States Exploring Expedition. The naming is in recognition of Wilkes' discovery of the continental margin over a distance of 2,400 km (1,500 miles) of coast, thus providing substantial proof that Antarctica is a continent. This definition of extent excludes the area east of 142°02' E, George V Land, which was sighted by Wilkes but has been shown by later expeditions to be further south than the positions originally assigned by him.", "title": "Wilkes Land" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 20 territories constitute Eastern Africa:", "title": "East Africa" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Some countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, continue to have extreme cases of famine. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world. As of 2017, the United Nations has warned some 20 million are at risk in South Sudan, Somalia, Nigeria and Yemen. Agricultural conditions have been fluctuating more and more due to variations in weather, and the distribution of food has been affected by conflict. Most programmes now direct their aid towards Africa.", "title": "Famine" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan.", "title": "Piri Reis map" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "At the time of the Berlin Conference, Africa contained one-fifth of the world’s population living in one-quarter of the world’s land area. However, from Europe's perspective, they were dividing an unknown continent. European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession. Until the 1880s most of Africa remained unchartered, with western maps from the period generally showing blank spaces for the continent’s interior.", "title": "Modern history" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Liet International (West Frisian: \"Liet Ynternasjonaal\"), formerly Liet-Lávlut, is a song contest for musicians who speak any of Europe's regional or minority languages that was held the first time in Friesland in 2002. The goal of the festival is to boost interest in Europe's minority languages, especially with young people.", "title": "Liet International" } ]	What explorer accurately mapped the coasts of the continent where Friesland is found, and the African region where the WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa?	Piri Reis	[]	Title: Paril Saddle Passage: Paril Saddle (Parilska Sedlovina \pa-'ril-ska se-dlo-vi-'na\) is a saddle of elevation 1398 m in Friesland Ridge in Tangra Mountains on Livingston Island, Antarctica. Bounded by St. Boris Peak to the northeast, and Simeon Peak to the southwest. Overlooking Macy Glacier to the east and southeast, and Huntress Glacier to the west and northwest. Bulgarian topographic survey in 1995/96 (estimated elevation 1390 m), and mapping in 2005 and 2009. It was first visited and GPS-surveyed by the Bulgarian climbers D. Boyanov, N. Petkov and N. Hazarbasanov on 15 January 2017. Title: Modern history Passage: From the 1880s to 1914, the European powers expanded their control across the African continent, competing with each other for Africa’s land and resources. Great Britain controlled various colonial holdings in East Africa that spanned the length of the African continent from Egypt in the north to South Africa. The French gained major ground in West Africa, and the Portuguese held colonies in southern Africa. Germany, Italy, and Spain established a small number of colonies at various points throughout the continent, which included German East Africa (Tanganyika) and German Southwest Africa for Germany, Eritrea and Libya for Italy, and the Canary Islands and Rio de Oro in northwestern Africa for Spain. Finally, for King Leopold (ruled from 1865–1909), there was the large “piece of that great African cake” known as the Congo, which, unfortunately for the native Congolese, became his personal fiefdom to do with as he pleased in Central Africa. By 1914, almost the entire continent was under European control. Liberia, which was settled by freed American slaves in the 1820s, and Abyssinia (Ethiopia) in eastern Africa were the last remaining independent African states. (John Merriman, A History of Modern Europe, Volume Two: From the French Revolution to the Present, Third Edition (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2010), pp. 819–859). Title: Gibbs Point Passage: Gibbs Point, a rock point on the Antarctic Peninsula, the most northern area of the continent of Antarctica, was named for African American Antarctic explorer, George W. Gibbs, Jr. on September 2, 2009. On that date, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (U.S. Board on Geographic Names) confirmed the place name in Antarctica for Gibbs as the first black explorer to set foot on the continent. Gibbs Point is a rock point forming the northwest entrance to Gaul Cove, on the northeast of Horseshoe Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula. Title: Near East Passage: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65. Title: Piri Reis map Passage: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan. Title: Liet International Passage: Liet International (West Frisian: "Liet Ynternasjonaal"), formerly Liet-Lávlut, is a song contest for musicians who speak any of Europe's regional or minority languages that was held the first time in Friesland in 2002. The goal of the festival is to boost interest in Europe's minority languages, especially with young people.	[ "Near East", "Piri Reis map", "Liet International" ]
2hop__123252_26382	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beth Anderson is an American neo-romantic composer. She studied with John Cage, Terry Riley, Robert Ashley, and Larry Austin, among others. She studied at the University of Kentucky, UC Davis, New York University and Mills College.", "title": "Beth Anderson (composer)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raymond Wilson Chambers (12 November 1874 – 23 April 1942) was a British literary scholar, author, and academic; throughout his career he was associated with University College London (UCL).", "title": "Raymond Wilson Chambers" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Israel has nine public universities that are subsidized by the state and 49 private colleges. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel's second-oldest university after the Technion, houses the National Library of Israel, the world's largest repository of Judaica and Hebraica. The Technion, the Hebrew University, and the Weizmann Institute consistently ranked among world's 100 top universities by the prestigious ARWU academic ranking. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv University are ranked among the world's top 100 universities by Times Higher Education magazine. Other major universities in the country include Bar-Ilan University, the University of Haifa, The Open University, and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Ariel University, in the West Bank, is the newest university institution, upgraded from college status, and the first in over thirty years. Israel's seven research universities (excluding the Open University) are consistently ranked among top 500 in the world.", "title": "Israel" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The city management and urban policy program was ranked first in the nation, and the special education program second, by U.S. News & World Report's 2016 rankings. USN&WR also ranked several programs in the top 25 among U.S. universities.", "title": "University of Kansas" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1983 the historic old town in the centre of Bern became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Bern is ranked among the world’s top ten cities for the best quality of life (2010).", "title": "Bern" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Kate Bradbury Griffith aka Kate Griffith (née Bradbury) (26 August 1854 – 2 March 1902) was a British Egyptologist who assisted in the early development of the Egypt Exploration Society and the Department of Egyptology at University College London (UCL).", "title": "Kate Bradbury Griffith" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Hans Reck studied at University College London, then became a private lecturer at the Museum of Natural History. He married Ina von Grumbkow in February 1912. She was considerably older than him, having been born in September 1872, and was a strong and capable woman. The Recks were assigned to follow up the 1911 expedition that had made a large collection of fossils at Tendaguru in German East Africa (now Tanzania).", "title": "Hans Reck" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jonathan Karl Pritchard is an English-born professor of genetics at Stanford University, best known for his development of the STRUCTURE algorithm for studying population structure and his work on human genetic variation and evolution. His research interests lie in the study of human evolution, in particular in understanding the association between genetic variation among human individuals and human traits.", "title": "Jonathan K. Pritchard" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elisa von der Recke was born in Schönberg, Skaistkalne parish, Courland, the daughter of Graf (later Reichsgraf) Johann Friedrich von Medem and his wife, Luise Dorothea von Korff. Her younger half-sister was Dorothea von Medem, for whom she carried out diplomatic work. In 1771 she married Kammerherr Georg Peter Magnus von der Recke, living with him at Neuenburg Castle (now Jaunpils Castle). She separated from him in 1776 and divorced in 1781. Their daughter, Frederika von der Recke, died in 1777.", "title": "Elisa von der Recke" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2009, former British Prime Minister Tony Blair picked Yale as one location – the others are Britain's Durham University and Universiti Teknologi Mara – for the Tony Blair Faith Foundation's United States Faith and Globalization Initiative. As of 2009, former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo is the director of the Yale Center for the Study of Globalization and teaches an undergraduate seminar, \"Debating Globalization\". As of 2009, former presidential candidate and DNC chair Howard Dean teaches a residential college seminar, \"Understanding Politics and Politicians.\" Also in 2009, an alliance was formed among Yale, University College London, and both schools’ affiliated hospital complexes to conduct research focused on the direct improvement of patient care—a growing field known as translational medicine. President Richard Levin noted that Yale has hundreds of other partnerships across the world, but \"no existing collaboration matches the scale of the new partnership with UCL\".", "title": "Yale University" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "With 120,000 students in London, the federal University of London is the largest contact teaching university in the UK. It includes four large multi-faculty universities – King's College London, Queen Mary, Royal Holloway and UCL – and a number of smaller and more specialised institutions including Birkbeck, the Courtauld Institute of Art, Goldsmiths, Guildhall School of Music and Drama, the Institute of Education, the London Business School, the London School of Economics, the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, the Royal Academy of Music, the Central School of Speech and Drama, the Royal Veterinary College and the School of Oriental and African Studies. Members of the University of London have their own admissions procedures, and some award their own degrees.", "title": "London" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "RMIT University was also ranked among the top 51–100 universities in the world in the subjects of: accounting, Business and Management, communication and media studies, computer science and information systems. The Swinburne University of Technology, based in the inner city Melbourne suburb of Hawthorn is ranked 76–100 in the world for Physics by the Academic Ranking of World Universities making Swinburne the only Australian university outside the Group of Eight to achieve a top 100 rating in a science discipline. Deakin University maintains two major campuses in Melbourne and Geelong, and is the third largest university in Victoria. In recent years, the number of international students at Melbourne's universities has risen rapidly, a result of an increasing number of places being made available to full fee paying students. Education in Melbourne is overseen by the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD), whose role is to 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education'.", "title": "Melbourne" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Santa Fe Institute (SFI) is an independent, nonprofit theoretical research institute located in Santa Fe (New Mexico, United States) and dedicated to the multidisciplinary study of the fundamental principles of complex adaptive systems, including physical, computational, biological, and social systems. As of 2016, the Institute is ranked 20th among the world's \"Top Science and Technology Think Tanks\" and 23rd among the world's \"Best Transdisciplinary Research Think Tanks\" according to the \"Global Think Tank Report\" published annually by the University of Pennsylvania.", "title": "Santa Fe Institute" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pierre van Moerbeke (born 1 October 1944 in Leuven, Belgium) is a Belgian mathematician. He studied mathematics at the Catholic University of Leuven, where he received his degree in 1966. He then obtained a PhD in mathematics at Rockefeller University, New York City (1972). He is a professor of mathematics at Brandeis University (United States) and the UCL. He studies non-linear differential equations and partial differential equations, with soliton behavior. In 1988, he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Exact Sciences.", "title": "Pierre van Moerbeke" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Melbourne universities have campuses all over Australia and some internationally. Swinburne University has campuses in Malaysia, while Monash has a research centre based in Prato, Italy. The University of Melbourne, the second oldest university in Australia, was ranked first among Australian universities in the 2010 THES international rankings. The 2012–2013 Times Higher Education Supplement ranked the University of Melbourne as the 28th (30th by QS ranking) best university in the world. Monash University was ranked as the 99th (60th by QS ranking) best university in the world. Both universities are members of the Group of Eight, a coalition of leading Australian tertiary institutions offering comprehensive and leading education.", "title": "Melbourne" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gloria Laycock was the founding Director of the Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science at University College London (UCL), and ran UCL's Centre for Security & Crime Science. She is an internationally renowned expert in crime prevention, and especially situational approaches which seek to design out situations which provoke crime.", "title": "Gloria Laycock" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "A number of world-leading education institutions are based in London. In the 2014/15 QS World University Rankings, Imperial College London is ranked joint 2nd in the world (alongside The University of Cambridge), University College London (UCL) is ranked 5th, and King's College London (KCL) is ranked 16th. The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research. The London Business School is considered one of the world's leading business schools and in 2015 its MBA programme was ranked second best in the world by the Financial Times.", "title": "London" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During her tenure as a student at Bryn Mawr College, she received the Bryn Mawr European Fellowship and used it to attend the American School of Classical Studies in Athens, Greece. Park presided over the college during the Great Depression and the beginning of World War II, where she worked with other colleges to employ refugee scholars from European universities. Park was also instrumental in initiating cross-institution collaboration between Bryn Mawr College, Haverford College, Swarthmore College, and the University of Pennsylvania.", "title": "Marion Edwards Park" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "As one of the most selective medical schools in the United States, it is currently ranked 18th among research universities for medical education by the US News & World Report.", "title": "Pritzker School of Medicine" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In its 2019 edition, U.S. News & World Report ranked Colgate as the 16th-best liberal arts college in the country (tied with neighboring Hamilton College). The university's campus was ranked as the most beautiful by The Princeton Review in their 2010 edition. In July 2008, Colgate was named fifth on Forbes' list of Top Colleges for Getting Rich, the only non-Ivy League college in the top 5. Colgate is listed as one of America's 25 \"New Ivies\" by Newsweek magazine. It is also on the list of \"100 best campuses for LGBT students.\" Colgate has been ranked third by The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education for its success in integrating African-American students.In 2014, Colgate was ranked the top college in the United States by Payscale and CollegeNet's Social Mobility Index college rankings. It is also listed as one of 30 Hidden Ivies and as one of Newsweek's \"New Ivies\". In 2014, Princeton Review ranked Colgate as the Most Beautiful Campus in America.", "title": "Colgate University" } ]	Where is Hans Reck's university ranked among the world's best college and universities?	5th	[]	Title: Gloria Laycock Passage: Gloria Laycock was the founding Director of the Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science at University College London (UCL), and ran UCL's Centre for Security & Crime Science. She is an internationally renowned expert in crime prevention, and especially situational approaches which seek to design out situations which provoke crime. Title: Elisa von der Recke Passage: Elisa von der Recke was born in Schönberg, Skaistkalne parish, Courland, the daughter of Graf (later Reichsgraf) Johann Friedrich von Medem and his wife, Luise Dorothea von Korff. Her younger half-sister was Dorothea von Medem, for whom she carried out diplomatic work. In 1771 she married Kammerherr Georg Peter Magnus von der Recke, living with him at Neuenburg Castle (now Jaunpils Castle). She separated from him in 1776 and divorced in 1781. Their daughter, Frederika von der Recke, died in 1777. Title: Hans Reck Passage: Hans Reck studied at University College London, then became a private lecturer at the Museum of Natural History. He married Ina von Grumbkow in February 1912. She was considerably older than him, having been born in September 1872, and was a strong and capable woman. The Recks were assigned to follow up the 1911 expedition that had made a large collection of fossils at Tendaguru in German East Africa (now Tanzania). Title: London Passage: A number of world-leading education institutions are based in London. In the 2014/15 QS World University Rankings, Imperial College London is ranked joint 2nd in the world (alongside The University of Cambridge), University College London (UCL) is ranked 5th, and King's College London (KCL) is ranked 16th. The London School of Economics has been described as the world's leading social science institution for both teaching and research. The London Business School is considered one of the world's leading business schools and in 2015 its MBA programme was ranked second best in the world by the Financial Times. Title: Pierre van Moerbeke Passage: Pierre van Moerbeke (born 1 October 1944 in Leuven, Belgium) is a Belgian mathematician. He studied mathematics at the Catholic University of Leuven, where he received his degree in 1966. He then obtained a PhD in mathematics at Rockefeller University, New York City (1972). He is a professor of mathematics at Brandeis University (United States) and the UCL. He studies non-linear differential equations and partial differential equations, with soliton behavior. In 1988, he was awarded the Francqui Prize on Exact Sciences. Title: Israel Passage: Israel has nine public universities that are subsidized by the state and 49 private colleges. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel's second-oldest university after the Technion, houses the National Library of Israel, the world's largest repository of Judaica and Hebraica. The Technion, the Hebrew University, and the Weizmann Institute consistently ranked among world's 100 top universities by the prestigious ARWU academic ranking. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Tel Aviv University are ranked among the world's top 100 universities by Times Higher Education magazine. Other major universities in the country include Bar-Ilan University, the University of Haifa, The Open University, and Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. Ariel University, in the West Bank, is the newest university institution, upgraded from college status, and the first in over thirty years. Israel's seven research universities (excluding the Open University) are consistently ranked among top 500 in the world.	[ "Hans Reck", "London" ]
2hop__26571_919	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Xplosiv is the thirteenth studio album by La Mafia. It was released on February 11, 1989. The album entered the \"Billboard\" Latin Regional chart at number 16 and reached a peak position of number 4 by March 1989.", "title": "Xplosiv (La Mafia album)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Christianity was a major unifying factor between Eastern and Western Europe before the Arab conquests, but the conquest of North Africa sundered maritime connections between those areas. Increasingly the Byzantine Church differed in language, practices, and liturgy from the western Church. The eastern church used Greek instead of the western Latin. Theological and political differences emerged, and by the early and middle 8th century issues such as iconoclasm, clerical marriage, and state control of the church had widened to the extent that the cultural and religious differences were greater than the similarities. The formal break came in 1054, when the papacy and the patriarchy of Constantinople clashed over papal supremacy and excommunicated each other, which led to the division of Christianity into two churches—the western branch became the Roman Catholic Church and the eastern branch the Orthodox Church.", "title": "Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The monarchy reached its peak during the 17th century and the reign of Louis XIV. By turning powerful feudal lords into courtiers at the Palace of Versailles, Louis XIV's personal power became unchallenged. Remembered for his numerous wars, he made France the leading European power. France became the most populous country in Europe and had tremendous influence over European politics, economy, and culture. French became the most-used language in diplomacy, science, literature and international affairs, and remained so until the 20th century. France obtained many overseas possessions in the Americas, Africa and Asia. Louis XIV also revoked the Edict of Nantes, forcing thousands of Huguenots into exile.", "title": "France" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Religious Ashkenazi Jews living in Israel are obliged to follow the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in halakhic matters. In this respect, a religiously Ashkenazi Jew is an Israeli who is more likely to support certain religious interests in Israel, including certain political parties. These political parties result from the fact that a portion of the Israeli electorate votes for Jewish religious parties; although the electoral map changes from one election to another, there are generally several small parties associated with the interests of religious Ashkenazi Jews. The role of religious parties, including small religious parties that play important roles as coalition members, results in turn from Israel's composition as a complex society in which competing social, economic, and religious interests stand for election to the Knesset, a unicameral legislature with 120 seats.", "title": "Ashkenazi Jews" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mexico City, being the seat of the powers of the Union, did not belong to any particular state but to all. Therefore, it was the president, representing the federation, who used to designate the head of government of the Federal District, a position which is sometimes presented outside Mexico as the \"Mayor\" of Mexico City.[citation needed] In the 1980s, given the dramatic increase in population of the previous decades, the inherent political inconsistencies of the system, as well as the dissatisfaction with the inadequate response of the federal government after the 1985 earthquake, residents began to request political and administrative autonomy to manage their local affairs.[citation needed] Some political groups even proposed that the Federal District be converted into the 32nd state of the federation.", "title": "Mexico City" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Islam in Central Asia has existed since the beginning of Islamic history. Islam is the most widely practiced religion in Central Asia. The Hanafi school of thought of Sunnism is the most popular, with Shiism of Imami and Ismaili denominations predominating in the Pamir plateau and the western Tian Shan mountains (almost exclusively Ismailis), while boasting to a large minority population in the Zarafshan river valley, from Samarkand to Bukhara (almost exclusively Imamis). Islam came to Central Asia in the early part of the 8th century as part of the Muslim conquest of the region. Many well-known Islamic scientists and philosophers came from Central Asia, and several major Muslim empires, including the Timurid Empire and the Mughal Empire, originated in Central Asia. In the 20th century, severe restrictions on religious practice were enacted by the Soviet Union in Soviet Central Asia and the People's Republic of China in Xinjiang. Concerns about Islamic radicalism and religious freedom in the region persist to this day.", "title": "Islam in Central Asia" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Another Lonely Night in New York\" is a 1983 single by the late British singer-songwriter Robin Gibb from his second solo album \"How Old Are You?\". The song managed to chart in several countries in Europe, reaching the Top 20 in Germany and Switzerland, peaking at #16 and #19, respectively. It was not released in the United States as a single.", "title": "Another Lonely Night in New York" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Iran were in flux during the late sixth and early seventh centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it. Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later seventh century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus.The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-eighth century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Tours in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and its replacement by the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman economy. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious metals from the Arabs.", "title": "Middle Ages" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Faced with the Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent in the 13th century, Ladakh chose to seek and accept guidance in religious matters from Tibet. For nearly two centuries till about 1600, Ladakh was subject to raids and invasions from neighbouring Muslim states. Some of the Ladakhis converted to Islam during this period.", "title": "Ladakh" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Greece's foreign policy is conducted through the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and its head, the Minister for Foreign Affairs. The current minister is Nikos Kotzias. According to the official website, the main aims of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs are to represent Greece before other states and international organizations; safeguarding the interests of the Greek state and of its citizens abroad; the promotion of Greek culture; the fostering of closer relations with the Greek diaspora; and the promotion of international cooperation. Additionally, due to its political and geographical proximity to Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa, Greece is a country of significant geostrategic importance and is considered to be a middle power and has developed a regional policy to help promote peace and stability in the Balkans, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East.", "title": "Greece" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Starting in 1236, the Mongol prince Kublai, who later ruled as Khagan from 1260–1294, was granted a large appanage in North China by his superior, Ögedei Khan. Karma Pakshi, 2nd Karmapa Lama (1203–1283)—the head lama of the Karma Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism—rejected Kublai's invitation, so instead Kublai invited Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (1235–1280), successor and nephew of Sakya Pandita, who came to his court in 1253. Kublai instituted a unique relationship with the Phagpa lama, which recognized Kublai as a superior sovereign in political affairs and the Phagpa lama as the senior instructor to Kublai in religious affairs. Kublai also made Drogön Chögyal Phagpa the director of the government agency known as the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs and the ruling priest-king of Tibet, which comprised thirteen different states ruled by myriarchies.", "title": "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs is the head of the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs within the United States Department of State. The Assistant Secretary guides operation of the U.S. diplomatic establishment in the countries of the Asia - Pacific region and advises the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary for Political Affairs on matters relating to the area. The last permanent Assistant Secretary was Daniel R. Russel, who left on March 8, 2017. Susan Thornton is now Acting Assistant Secretary.", "title": "Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific Affairs" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The official position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is that the Ming implemented a policy of managing Tibet according to conventions and customs, granting titles and setting up administrative organs over Tibet. The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic states that the Ming dynasty's Ü-Tsang Commanding Office governed most areas of Tibet. It also states that while the Ming abolished the policy council set up by the Mongol Yuan to manage local affairs in Tibet and the Mongol system of Imperial Tutors to govern religious affairs, the Ming adopted a policy of bestowing titles upon religious leaders who had submitted to the Ming dynasty. For example, an edict of the Hongwu Emperor in 1373 appointed the Tibetan leader Choskunskyabs as the General of the Ngari Military and Civil Wanhu Office, stating:", "title": "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Samuel Moore (1742 – 1822) is notable as a leader in the early establishment of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Maritime Canada, and as the progenitor of a number of civic, religious and political leaders in both Canada and the United States.", "title": "Samuel Moore (Quaker leader)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jamie Peck FRSC FAcSS (born July 9, 1962 in Kimberley, Nottinghamshire, UK) is Canada Research Chair in Urban & Regional Political Economy and Professor of Geography at the University of British Columbia, Canada. He is the Managing Editor of \"Environment and Planning A\" and the convenor of the Summer Institute in Economic Geography.", "title": "Jamie Peck" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Tibet retained nominal power over religious and regional political affairs, while the Mongols managed a structural and administrative rule over the region, reinforced by the rare military intervention. This existed as a \"diarchic structure\" under the Yuan emperor, with power primarily in favor of the Mongols. Mongolian prince Khuden gained temporal power in Tibet in the 1240s and sponsored Sakya Pandita, whose seat became the capital of Tibet. Drogön Chögyal Phagpa, Sakya Pandita's nephew became Imperial Preceptor of Kublai Khan, founder of the Yuan dynasty.", "title": "Tibet" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Central Asia and Ancient India have long traditions of social - cultural, religious, political and economic contact since remote antiquity. The two regions have common and contiguous borders, climatic continuity, similar geographical features and geo - cultural affinity. There has always been uninterrupted flow of people, material and the ideas between the two.", "title": "Central Asians in Ancient Indian literature" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Boston shares many cultural roots with greater New England, including a dialect of the non-rhotic Eastern New England accent known as Boston English, and a regional cuisine with a large emphasis on seafood, salt, and dairy products. Irish Americans are a major influence on Boston's politics and religious institutions. Boston also has its own collection of neologisms known as Boston slang.", "title": "Boston" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency. The state also established its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush and regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian peninsula, eventually extending its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom.", "title": "Eritrea" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kolmaš writes that, as the Mongol presence in Tibet increased, culminating in the conquest of Tibet by a Mongol leader in 1642, the Ming emperors \"viewed with apparent unconcern these developments in Tibet.\" He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and \"fill once more the political vacuum in that country.\" On the mass Mongol conversion to Tibetan Buddhism under Altan Khan, Laird writes that \"the Chinese watched these developments with interest, though few Chinese ever became devout Tibetan Buddhists.\"", "title": "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" } ]	When did the conquest of the country that continued to manage its own religious and political affairs under the Mongols, reach its peak?	1642	[]	Title: Tibet Passage: Tibet retained nominal power over religious and regional political affairs, while the Mongols managed a structural and administrative rule over the region, reinforced by the rare military intervention. This existed as a "diarchic structure" under the Yuan emperor, with power primarily in favor of the Mongols. Mongolian prince Khuden gained temporal power in Tibet in the 1240s and sponsored Sakya Pandita, whose seat became the capital of Tibet. Drogön Chögyal Phagpa, Sakya Pandita's nephew became Imperial Preceptor of Kublai Khan, founder of the Yuan dynasty. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: The official position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is that the Ming implemented a policy of managing Tibet according to conventions and customs, granting titles and setting up administrative organs over Tibet. The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic states that the Ming dynasty's Ü-Tsang Commanding Office governed most areas of Tibet. It also states that while the Ming abolished the policy council set up by the Mongol Yuan to manage local affairs in Tibet and the Mongol system of Imperial Tutors to govern religious affairs, the Ming adopted a policy of bestowing titles upon religious leaders who had submitted to the Ming dynasty. For example, an edict of the Hongwu Emperor in 1373 appointed the Tibetan leader Choskunskyabs as the General of the Ngari Military and Civil Wanhu Office, stating: Title: Middle Ages Passage: Christianity was a major unifying factor between Eastern and Western Europe before the Arab conquests, but the conquest of North Africa sundered maritime connections between those areas. Increasingly the Byzantine Church differed in language, practices, and liturgy from the western Church. The eastern church used Greek instead of the western Latin. Theological and political differences emerged, and by the early and middle 8th century issues such as iconoclasm, clerical marriage, and state control of the church had widened to the extent that the cultural and religious differences were greater than the similarities. The formal break came in 1054, when the papacy and the patriarchy of Constantinople clashed over papal supremacy and excommunicated each other, which led to the division of Christianity into two churches—the western branch became the Roman Catholic Church and the eastern branch the Orthodox Church. Title: Mexico City Passage: Mexico City, being the seat of the powers of the Union, did not belong to any particular state but to all. Therefore, it was the president, representing the federation, who used to designate the head of government of the Federal District, a position which is sometimes presented outside Mexico as the "Mayor" of Mexico City.[citation needed] In the 1980s, given the dramatic increase in population of the previous decades, the inherent political inconsistencies of the system, as well as the dissatisfaction with the inadequate response of the federal government after the 1985 earthquake, residents began to request political and administrative autonomy to manage their local affairs.[citation needed] Some political groups even proposed that the Federal District be converted into the 32nd state of the federation. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: Kolmaš writes that, as the Mongol presence in Tibet increased, culminating in the conquest of Tibet by a Mongol leader in 1642, the Ming emperors "viewed with apparent unconcern these developments in Tibet." He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and "fill once more the political vacuum in that country." On the mass Mongol conversion to Tibetan Buddhism under Altan Khan, Laird writes that "the Chinese watched these developments with interest, though few Chinese ever became devout Tibetan Buddhists." Title: France Passage: The monarchy reached its peak during the 17th century and the reign of Louis XIV. By turning powerful feudal lords into courtiers at the Palace of Versailles, Louis XIV's personal power became unchallenged. Remembered for his numerous wars, he made France the leading European power. France became the most populous country in Europe and had tremendous influence over European politics, economy, and culture. French became the most-used language in diplomacy, science, literature and international affairs, and remained so until the 20th century. France obtained many overseas possessions in the Americas, Africa and Asia. Louis XIV also revoked the Edict of Nantes, forcing thousands of Huguenots into exile.	[ "Tibet", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" ]
3hop1__161709_56750_1891	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. It is surrounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the American state of New York, whose water boundaries meet in the middle of the lake. Ontario, Canada's most populous province, was named for the lake. Many of Ontario's most populous cities, including Toronto, Canada's most populous city, and Hamilton, are on the lake's northern or western shores. In the Huron language, the name Ontarí'io means \"Lake of Shining Waters\". Its primary inlet is the Niagara River from Lake Erie. The last in the Great Lakes chain, Lake Ontario serves as the outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River. It is the only Great Lake not to border the state of Michigan.", "title": "Lake Ontario" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "There are seven state parks within the confines of New York City, including Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve, a natural area which includes extensive riding trails, and Riverbank State Park, a 28-acre (110,000 m2) facility that rises 69 feet (21 m) over the Hudson River.", "title": "New York City" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Gibson Lake is a lake in geographic Biggar Township, Nipissing District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin and lies within Algonquin Provincial Park. The major outflow, at the southwest, is Gibson Creek which flows to the Nipissing River, and then via the Petawawa River and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.", "title": "Gibson Lake (Nipissing District)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes of North America. The lake is shared by the Canadian province of Ontario to the north, the US state of Minnesota to the west, and Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to the south. It is generally considered the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. It is the world's third - largest freshwater lake by volume and the largest by volume in North America. The furthest north and west of the Great Lakes chain, Superior has the highest elevation and drains into the St. Mary's River.", "title": "Lake Superior" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Black Lake is located in Cheboygan and Presque Isle counties in northern Michigan, United States. With a surface area of , it is the seventh largest inland lake in Michigan. The largest body of water in the Black River watershed, it drains through the Lower Black and Cheboygan rivers into Lake Huron. Black Lake is a summer destination for many families from the suburban Detroit area and from other nearby states as well as residents of the neighboring town of Onaway.", "title": "Black Lake (Michigan)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Lake is located in Glacier National Park, in the U. S. state of Montana. Elizabeth Lake lies along the Belly River and is more than downstream from Helen Lake.", "title": "Elizabeth Lake (Glacier County, Montana)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Though the five lakes lie in separate basins, they form a single, naturally interconnected body of fresh water, within the Great Lakes Basin. They form a chain connecting the east - central interior of North America to the Atlantic Ocean. From the interior to the outlet at the Saint Lawrence River, water flows from Superior to Huron and Michigan, southward to Erie, and finally northward to Lake Ontario. The lakes drain a large watershed via many rivers, and are studded with approximately 35,000 islands. There are also several thousand smaller lakes, often called ``inland lakes, ''within the basin. The surface area of the five primary lakes combined is roughly equal to the size of the United Kingdom, while the surface area of the entire basin (the lakes and the land they drain) is about the size of the UK and France combined. Lake Michigan is the only one of the Great Lakes that is located entirely within the United States; the others form a water boundary between the United States and Canada. The lakes are divided among the jurisdictions of the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. states of Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York. Both Ontario and Michigan include in their boundaries portions of four of the lakes: Ontario does not border Lake Michigan, and Michigan does not border Lake Ontario. New York and Wisconsin's jurisdictions extend into two lakes, and each of the remaining states into one of the lakes.", "title": "Great Lakes" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shinga is a town in Gombe State of Nigeria. It lies at an elevation of 425 meters between the Bima Hills and the left (east) bank of the Gongola River.", "title": "Shinga, Gombe State" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Bacerac is a town in Bacerac Municipality in the Mexican state of Sonora. It is situated in the northeast of the state and the municipality has boundaries with Bavispe Municipality in the north, with Huachinera in the south, with the state of Chihuahua in the east, and with the municipalities of Nacozari de García and Villa Hidalgo in the west. The municipal seat lies at an elevation of 1,432 meters above sea level.", "title": "Bacerac" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murphy Lake is a lake in Washington County, Wisconsin, United States. Murphy Lake lies at an elevation of 974 feet (297 m).", "title": "Murphy Lake (Washington County, Wisconsin)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Cleaver Lake is a lake in Thunder Bay District, Ontario, Canada. It is about long and wide, and lies at an elevation of about northwest of the community of Schreiber. The primary inflow and outflow is the Whitesand River, and the lake is immediately upstream of Zenith Lake.", "title": "Cleaver Lake (Thunder Bay District)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Murphy Lake is a lake in Grand County, Colorado, United States. Murphy Lake lies at an elevation of 11,224 feet (3,421 m).", "title": "Murphy Lake (Grand County, Colorado)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Buttle Lake is a lake on Vancouver Island in Strathcona Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is about long and wide, has an area of , is up to deep, and lies at an elevation of . The lake is located between Campbell River and Gold River in Strathcona Provincial Park; there is a camping site on the shore. The lake is the source of the Campbell River.", "title": "Buttle Lake" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mississagi Provincial Park is a natural environment-class park north of Elliot Lake, in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It lies on the Boland River, a tributary of the Little White River, which is a tributary of the Mississagi River. The park is accessed via Highway 639.", "title": "Mississagi Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sauble Falls Provincial Park is located in the community of Sauble Falls, town of South Bruce Peninsula, Bruce County in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the lower drainage basin of the Sauble River, which flows into Lake Huron. The campground consists of two sections divided by County Road 13. The West section of the site is a quiet zone (no radios allowed). Group camping is available in the east section. Many sites along the east portion of the park back up against the Sauble River. The park is also the downstream terminus of the Rankin River canoe route.", "title": "Sauble Falls Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Lake Edward lies at an elevation of 920 metres (3,020 ft), is 77 kilometres (48 mi) long by 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide at its maximum points, and covers a total surface area of 2,325 square kilometres (898 sq mi), making it the 15th-largest on the continent. The lake is fed by the Nyamugasani River, the Ishasha River, the Rutshuru River, the Ntungwe River, and the Rwindi River. Lake George to the northeast empties into it via the Kazinga Channel. Lake Edward empties to the north via the Semliki River into Lake Albert.", "title": "Lake Edward" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Mississagi River Provincial Park is a protected area on the Mississagi River in Algoma and Sudbury Districts, Ontario, Canada. It has an Ontario Parks designation of Waterway Class. The park encompasses the river and lakes on the river from Mississagi Lake to Bark Lake, and further downstream to a point just above Ricky Island Lake, as well as portions of the upper Spanish River system.", "title": "Mississagi River Provincial Park" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Summit Lake is a lake in the Michipicoten River system in the Lake Superior drainage basin located at Goudreau in the Unorganized North Part of Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is about long and wide, lies at an elevation of . The primary inflow is McVeigh Creek from Spring Lake, and the primary outflow is McVeigh Creek to Philip Lake, which flows via the Hawk River and Michipicoten River into Lake Superior. The Algoma Central Railway runs along the east shore of the lake.", "title": "Summit Lake (Goudreau, Ontario)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The Hudson River is a 315 - mile (507 km) river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States. The river originates in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York, flows through the Hudson Valley, and eventually drains into the Atlantic Ocean, between New York City and Jersey City. The river serves as a political boundary between the states of New Jersey and New York, and further north between New York counties. The lower half of the river is a tidal estuary occupying the Hudson Fjord, an inlet which formed during the most recent period of North American glaciation, estimated at 26,000 to 13,300 years ago. Tidal waters influence the Hudson's flow from as far north as Troy.", "title": "Hudson River" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Crawford Lake is a lake in the Moose River drainage basin in Sudbury District, Ontario, Canada. It is about long and wide, and lies at an elevation of about south of Ontario Highway 101 and west of Ontario Highway 144.", "title": "Crawford Lake (Sudbury District)" } ]	How many meters is Riverbank State Park elevated above the largest river, in the state that lies to the east of Lake Ontario?	21	[]	Title: Buttle Lake Passage: Buttle Lake is a lake on Vancouver Island in Strathcona Regional District, British Columbia, Canada. It is about long and wide, has an area of , is up to deep, and lies at an elevation of . The lake is located between Campbell River and Gold River in Strathcona Provincial Park; there is a camping site on the shore. The lake is the source of the Campbell River. Title: Lake Edward Passage: Lake Edward lies at an elevation of 920 metres (3,020 ft), is 77 kilometres (48 mi) long by 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide at its maximum points, and covers a total surface area of 2,325 square kilometres (898 sq mi), making it the 15th-largest on the continent. The lake is fed by the Nyamugasani River, the Ishasha River, the Rutshuru River, the Ntungwe River, and the Rwindi River. Lake George to the northeast empties into it via the Kazinga Channel. Lake Edward empties to the north via the Semliki River into Lake Albert. Title: Hudson River Passage: The Hudson River is a 315 - mile (507 km) river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States. The river originates in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York, flows through the Hudson Valley, and eventually drains into the Atlantic Ocean, between New York City and Jersey City. The river serves as a political boundary between the states of New Jersey and New York, and further north between New York counties. The lower half of the river is a tidal estuary occupying the Hudson Fjord, an inlet which formed during the most recent period of North American glaciation, estimated at 26,000 to 13,300 years ago. Tidal waters influence the Hudson's flow from as far north as Troy. Title: New York City Passage: There are seven state parks within the confines of New York City, including Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve, a natural area which includes extensive riding trails, and Riverbank State Park, a 28-acre (110,000 m2) facility that rises 69 feet (21 m) over the Hudson River. Title: Lake Ontario Passage: Lake Ontario is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. It is surrounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Canadian province of Ontario, and on the south and east by the American state of New York, whose water boundaries meet in the middle of the lake. Ontario, Canada's most populous province, was named for the lake. Many of Ontario's most populous cities, including Toronto, Canada's most populous city, and Hamilton, are on the lake's northern or western shores. In the Huron language, the name Ontarí'io means "Lake of Shining Waters". Its primary inlet is the Niagara River from Lake Erie. The last in the Great Lakes chain, Lake Ontario serves as the outlet to the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River. It is the only Great Lake not to border the state of Michigan. Title: Mississagi River Provincial Park Passage: Mississagi River Provincial Park is a protected area on the Mississagi River in Algoma and Sudbury Districts, Ontario, Canada. It has an Ontario Parks designation of Waterway Class. The park encompasses the river and lakes on the river from Mississagi Lake to Bark Lake, and further downstream to a point just above Ricky Island Lake, as well as portions of the upper Spanish River system.	[ "Lake Ontario", "New York City", "Hudson River" ]
2hop__312465_91789	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Siglap Single Member Constituency (Traditional Chinese: 實乞納單選區; Simplified Chinese: 实乞纳单选区) is a defunct Single Member Constituency in the eastern area in Singapore mainly in Siglap area that existed since 1959 general elections til prior to 1991 general elections where it was absorbed into the then defunct Bedok GRC.", "title": "Siglap Single Member Constituency" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sang Run is an unincorporated community in Garrett County, Maryland, United States. Sang Run is located along the Youghiogheny River, southwest of Accident.", "title": "Sang Run, Maryland" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sonja Lumme (born 6 October 1961, in Kristinestad) is a singer in Finland who represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 in which she sang Eläköön elämä. She got 58 points and came 9th place overall. Lumme made further attempts to represent Finland, participating in the 1988 Finnish final and in 1989, she came fifth with \"Rakkauden Laulut\". Her final attempt was in 1992 with the song \"Rakkauden bulevardi\" which came third.", "title": "Sonja Lumme" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song appeared in I Could Go On Singing (1963), Judy Garland's last film. A portion of the song also appeared in Disney's 1994 The Lion King (sung by Rowan Atkinson). Nicolas Cage also sang part of this song in National Treasure: Book of Secrets. Ringo Starr sang an impromptu version of the song in Magical Mystery Tour, The Beatles' TV special broadcast by the BBC on 26 December 1967. Also, actors Hayden Rorke and Bill Daily performed a few lines of the song on ukulele in the 1969 I Dream of Jeannie episode ``Uncles a Go - Go. In the first episode of the 1977 sitcom Mind Your Language it is mentioned that a professor went crazy and sang this song.", "title": "I've Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"She Came from Fort Worth\" is a song written by Pat Alger and Fred Koller, and recorded by American country music artist Kathy Mattea. It was released in April 1990 as the fourth single from the album \"Willow in the Wind\". The song reached #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "title": "She Came from Fort Worth" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Daddy Sang Bass\" is a 1968 single written by Carl Perkins, with lines from the chorus of \"Will the Circle Be Unbroken?\" and recorded by Johnny Cash. \"Daddy Sang Bass\" was Johnny Cash's sixty-first release on the country chart. The song went to No. 1 on the \"Billboard\" country chart for 6 weeks and spent a total of 19 weeks on the chart. The single reached No. 56 on the \"Cashbox\" pop singles chart in 1969. \"Daddy Sang Bass\" was also released on the Columbia Records Hall of Fame Series as a 45, #13-33153, b/w \"Folsom Prison Blues\" (live version). The record was nominated in the CMA awards category of Single of the Year by the Country Music Association (CMA) in 1969.", "title": "Daddy Sang Bass" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jalan Damansara is a major road in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One of the oldest roads in the city, it currently serves as a link between the Damansara sections of Petaling Jaya and Kuala Lumpur (from Bandar Sri Damansara through to the Petaling Jaya suburbs of Bandar Utama and Damansara Utama and then to the heart of Kuala Lumpur through its suburbs of Taman Tun Dr. Ismail and Bukit Damansara).", "title": "Jalan Damansara" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sang Dhesian (Dhesian Sang) is a village in Phillaur tahsil of Jalandhar district of Punjab state of India known for Baba Sang ji Gurdwara.", "title": "Sang Dhesian" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tan Sri Datuk Seri Utama Elyas bin Omar (16 November 1936 – 15 May 2018) was the third Mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Elyas was the President of the Badminton Association of Malaysia (BAM) and during his tenure, Malaysia won the Thomas Cup in 1992. In football, Elyas was president of Kuala Lumpur FA when it won the Malaysia Cup three times in a row from 1987 to 1989. On 17 November 1992, he was succeeded by Mazlan Ahmad as Mayor of Kuala Lumpur.", "title": "Elyas Omar" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ennu Swantham Koottukari is an Indian Malayalam television series which launched on Mazhavil Manorama. \"Janani\", \"Soumya\" & \"Nila\" plays the lead roles in the series. The show telecasted its final episode on 10 July 2015 & got replaced by a new series, \"Vivahitha\".", "title": "Ennu Swantham Koottukari" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "James Howard Bryant (born June 2, 1929) is a singer, arranger and composer. He is most well known for providing the singing voice of Tony (played onscreen by Richard Beymer) in the 1961 film musical West Side Story. While he received no screen credit, he states that Beymer was ``a nice guy, and every time he did an interview he would mention my name. ''He also sang for James Fox in the 1967 film musical Thoroughly Modern Millie, and sang in`` The Telephone Hour'' number in Bye Bye Birdie. He also sang in the group that performed the theme song of the TV series Batman.", "title": "Jimmy Bryant (singer)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"He Oughta Know That by Now\" is a song written by Clint Ingersoll and Jeremy Spillman, and recorded by American country music artist Lee Ann Womack. It was released in April 2005 as the second single from her album \"There's More Where That Came From\". The song was a Top 30 hit on the U.S. Hot Country Songs chart.", "title": "He Oughta Know That by Now" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tracey Emin provided the artwork and Paul Epworth produced the track. Vocal contributions came from artists including Ed Sheeran, One Direction, Paloma Faith, Ellie Goulding, Seal, Sam Smith, Sinéad O'Connor, Rita Ora, Emeli Sandé, Bastille and Olly Murs. Returning guest musicians from previous versions of the song included Chris Martin (who recorded the opening lines of the 2004 version) and Bono (who sang the tenth line in both the 1984 and 2004 versions). The line ``Well, there wo n't be snow in Africa this Christmas time ''was changed to`` Bring peace and joy this Christmas to West Africa''.", "title": "Do They Know It's Christmas?" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 1995, Chrissie Hynde and The Pretenders sang their own version on the Friends soundtrack album. The song was released as a single, but it did not chart.", "title": "Angel of the Morning" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sang Pencerah (The Enlightener) is a 2010 Indonesian film directed by Hanung Bramantyo and starring Lukman Sardi, Zaskia Adya Mecca, and Slamet Rahardjo. It is a biopic of Ahmad Dahlan which describes how he came to found the Islamic organisation Muhammadiyah.", "title": "Sang Pencerah" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Beardshaw and Shortland were friends and school classmates in London that sang together before another girl from their neighbourhood, Redmond, joined them to form SoundGirl. A management company, Angelic Union, held auditions for a girl band project in a dance studio. The three girls went, wrote a song in ten minutes, and sang it for Angelic Union, who reportedly signed them on the spot.", "title": "SoundGirl" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "And Along Came Jones is an album by American country music singer George Jones released in 1991 on the MCA Nashville Records label.", "title": "And Along Came Jones" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "From the 18th century on, the language lost ground in the east of the country. The reasons behind this shift were complex but came down to a number of factors:", "title": "Irish language" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijaya prince from Palembang said to have founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299. His official title adopted upon his coronation, was Sri Maharaja Sang Utama Parameswara Batara Sri Tri Buana, which can be translated as ``Central Lord King of the Three Worlds ''. The`` Three Worlds'' may refer to the three realms of the universe -- the heaven of the gods, the world of humans, and the underworld of demons. A few early kings in South East Asia had used the title Sri Tri Buana or ``Lord of the Three Worlds ''. He died in 1347; his son, Paduka Seri Wikrama Wira succeeded him. The account of his life is given in the Malay Annals. However, the historicity of the events as given in the Malay Annals is debated by scholars, and some believe that Sang Nila Utama may be a mythical person.", "title": "Sang Nila Utama" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I May Hate Myself in the Morning\" is a song written by Odie Blackmon, and recorded by American country music artist Lee Ann Womack. It was released in October 2004 as the lead-off single from her album \"There's More Where That Came From\". The song was a Top 10 hit on both the U.S. and Canadian country charts.", "title": "I May Hate Myself in the Morning" } ]	When did Sang Nila Utama come to the country where Siglap is located?	1299	[]	Title: Angel of the Morning Passage: In 1995, Chrissie Hynde and The Pretenders sang their own version on the Friends soundtrack album. The song was released as a single, but it did not chart. Title: Siglap Single Member Constituency Passage: Siglap Single Member Constituency (Traditional Chinese: 實乞納單選區; Simplified Chinese: 实乞纳单选区) is a defunct Single Member Constituency in the eastern area in Singapore mainly in Siglap area that existed since 1959 general elections til prior to 1991 general elections where it was absorbed into the then defunct Bedok GRC. Title: Sang Nila Utama Passage: Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijaya prince from Palembang said to have founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299. His official title adopted upon his coronation, was Sri Maharaja Sang Utama Parameswara Batara Sri Tri Buana, which can be translated as ``Central Lord King of the Three Worlds ''. The`` Three Worlds'' may refer to the three realms of the universe -- the heaven of the gods, the world of humans, and the underworld of demons. A few early kings in South East Asia had used the title Sri Tri Buana or ``Lord of the Three Worlds ''. He died in 1347; his son, Paduka Seri Wikrama Wira succeeded him. The account of his life is given in the Malay Annals. However, the historicity of the events as given in the Malay Annals is debated by scholars, and some believe that Sang Nila Utama may be a mythical person. Title: Jalan Damansara Passage: Jalan Damansara is a major road in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One of the oldest roads in the city, it currently serves as a link between the Damansara sections of Petaling Jaya and Kuala Lumpur (from Bandar Sri Damansara through to the Petaling Jaya suburbs of Bandar Utama and Damansara Utama and then to the heart of Kuala Lumpur through its suburbs of Taman Tun Dr. Ismail and Bukit Damansara). Title: Ennu Swantham Koottukari Passage: Ennu Swantham Koottukari is an Indian Malayalam television series which launched on Mazhavil Manorama. "Janani", "Soumya" & "Nila" plays the lead roles in the series. The show telecasted its final episode on 10 July 2015 & got replaced by a new series, "Vivahitha". Title: She Came from Fort Worth Passage: "She Came from Fort Worth" is a song written by Pat Alger and Fred Koller, and recorded by American country music artist Kathy Mattea. It was released in April 1990 as the fourth single from the album "Willow in the Wind". The song reached #2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.	[ "Siglap Single Member Constituency", "Sang Nila Utama" ]
2hop__236133_84477	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Otto Binge, (born 19 May 1895, died 18 July 1982) was an SS-Standartenführer during World War II and a commander of the SS Division Götz von Berlichingen and the SS Polizei Division.", "title": "Otto Binge" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The SS \"Keno\" is a preserved historic sternwheel paddle steamer and National Historic Site of Canada. The SS \"Keno\" is berthed in a dry dock on the waterfront of the Yukon River in Dawson City, Yukon, Canada.", "title": "SS Keno" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Heraklion was built as the SS \"Leicestershire by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company in Glasgow in 1949, for the Bibby Line to operate the UK to Burma route. She was chartered to the British India Line for some time to supplement its London to East Africa service. In 1964 she was sold to the Aegean Steam Navigation Co to operate under their Typaldos Lines, renamed SS \"Heraklion\".", "title": "SS Heraklion" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Downstream operations, which now also includes the chemicals business, generates a third of Shell's profits worldwide and is known for its global network of more than 40,000 petrol stations and its 47 oil refineries. The downstream business, which in some countries also included oil refining, generally included a retail petrol station network, lubricants manufacture and marketing, industrial fuel and lubricants sales and a host of other product/market sectors such as LPG and bitumen. The practice in Shell was that these businesses were essentially local and that they were best managed by local \"operating companies\" – often with middle and senior management reinforced by expatriates. In the 1990s, this paradigm began to change, and the independence of operating companies around the world was gradually reduced. Today, virtually all of Shell's operations in various businesses are much more directly managed from London and The Hague. The autonomy of \"operating companies\" has been largely removed, as more \"global businesses\" have been created.", "title": "Royal Dutch Shell" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Zealandic\" was a British ocean liner initially operated by White Star Line. She was used both as a passenger liner and a cargo ship as well as serving during both world wars.", "title": "SS Zealandic (1911)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Way to Go is a British television sitcom, created by American television writer and producer Bob Kushell, about three men who start an assisted suicide business. The series premiered on BBC Three on 17 January 2013 and ran to six 30-minute episodes. In July 2013 it was announced that \"Way to Go\" had been axed after one series.", "title": "Way to Go (TV series)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The NRA, symbolized by the Blue Eagle, was popular with workers. Businesses that supported the NRA put the symbol in their shop windows and on their packages, though they did not always go along with the regulations entailed. Though membership to the NRA was voluntary, businesses that did not display the eagle were very often boycotted, making it seem mandatory for survival to many.", "title": "National Recovery Administration" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Year Position Officer High School 2017 - 2018 President Jinwu Liu Bayview Secondary School 2017 - 2018 Secretary Vyoma Fadia Earl Haig SS 2017 - 2018 Media Coordinator James Quinlan Woburn CI 2017 - 2018 Events Coordinator Maria Diogenous Glenview Park SS 2017 - 2018 Chapter Liaison Officer Adam Dorfman Thornhill SS 2017 - 2018 Chapter Liaison Officer Harry Chen London Central SS 2017 - 2018 Branding and Communications Coordinator Sarina Wong The University of Toronto Schools", "title": "DECA (organization)" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Mégantic\" was an ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff, of Belfast, and operated by the White Star Line. The liner was launched in 1908 and was . The ship was attacked by a German U-boat during World War I, but survived. \"Mégantic\" was taken out of service in 1931 and scrapped in 1933.", "title": "SS Megantic" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Tiger II was issued to heavy tank battalions of the Army and the Waffen-SS. It was first used in combat by 503rd Heavy Panzer Battalion during the Allied invasion of Normandy on 11 July 1944; on the Eastern Front, the first unit to be outfitted with the Tiger II was the 501st Heavy Panzer Battalion, which by 1 September 1944 listed 25 Tiger IIs operational.", "title": "Tiger II" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Enterprise Radio Network became the first national all - sports network, operating out of Avon, Connecticut, from New Year's Day 1981 through late September of that year before going out of business. ER had two channels, one for talk and a second for updates and play - by - play. ER's talk lineup included current New York Yankees voice John Sterling, New York Mets radio host Ed Coleman and former big - league pitcher Bill Denehy.", "title": "Sports radio" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Born in Cologne, Hartel was a student and later an employee of . Together with Theodor Quester, he operated an office in Krefeld, which planned in 1877 the in Gothic Revival style. He died a few months after his appointment as \"Baumeister\" of the cathedral in Strasbourg.", "title": "August Hartel" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch (12 June 1888 – 29 January 1971) was an Obergruppenführer in the German Waffen-SS during World War II. He commanded the 4th SS Polizei Division and the VI SS Army Corps and the IX SS Mountain Corps; he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves.", "title": "Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Minnehaha\" was a 13,443-ton ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff and launched on 31 March 1900. Operated by the American-owned Atlantic Transport Line, she was the sister ship of , , and \"Minnewaska\".", "title": "SS Minnehaha" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "White Star Line Former type Partnership Industry Shipping, transportation Fate merged with Cunard Line Successor Cunard White Star Line Founded 1845 (1845) in Liverpool, England Defunct 1934 Area served Transatlantic Parent Ismay, Imrie and Co. Website www.cunard.co.uk", "title": "White Star Line" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jan Kubiš (24 June 1913 – 18 June 1942) was a Czech soldier, one of a team of Czechoslovak British-trained paratroopers sent to eliminate acting Reichsprotektor (Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia, SS-Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich, in 1942 as part of Operation Anthropoid.", "title": "Jan Kubiš" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Air Alsie is a Danish charter airline headquartered in Sønderborg and based at Sønderborg Airport, which operates business jet services.", "title": "Air Alsie" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "SS \"Gothic\" was an ocean liner, built in 1893 at the Harland and Wolff Shipyards for the White Star Line. She was 490 ft long and 53 ft wide and 7755 gross registered tons. For much of her career she was transferred back and forth between White Star and the Red Star Line, both of which were subsidiaries of the International Mercantile Marine.", "title": "SS Gothic (1893)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The SAI-Ambrosini SS.4 was an Italian fighter prototype developed in the late 1930s, featuring a canard-style wing layout and a pusher propeller. Development of the SS.4 was abandoned after the prototype crashed on its second flight.", "title": "Ambrosini SS.4" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Wolves Go Hunt Their Prey is the third studio album by German gothic metal band The Vision Bleak, released on 31 August 2007 through Prophecy Productions.", "title": "The Wolves Go Hunt Their Prey" } ]	When did the the shipping line that operated the SS Gothic go out of business?	1934	[]	Title: SS Gothic (1893) Passage: SS "Gothic" was an ocean liner, built in 1893 at the Harland and Wolff Shipyards for the White Star Line. She was 490 ft long and 53 ft wide and 7755 gross registered tons. For much of her career she was transferred back and forth between White Star and the Red Star Line, both of which were subsidiaries of the International Mercantile Marine. Title: White Star Line Passage: White Star Line Former type Partnership Industry Shipping, transportation Fate merged with Cunard Line Successor Cunard White Star Line Founded 1845 (1845) in Liverpool, England Defunct 1934 Area served Transatlantic Parent Ismay, Imrie and Co. Website www.cunard.co.uk Title: Sports radio Passage: Enterprise Radio Network became the first national all - sports network, operating out of Avon, Connecticut, from New Year's Day 1981 through late September of that year before going out of business. ER had two channels, one for talk and a second for updates and play - by - play. ER's talk lineup included current New York Yankees voice John Sterling, New York Mets radio host Ed Coleman and former big - league pitcher Bill Denehy. Title: DECA (organization) Passage: Year Position Officer High School 2017 - 2018 President Jinwu Liu Bayview Secondary School 2017 - 2018 Secretary Vyoma Fadia Earl Haig SS 2017 - 2018 Media Coordinator James Quinlan Woburn CI 2017 - 2018 Events Coordinator Maria Diogenous Glenview Park SS 2017 - 2018 Chapter Liaison Officer Adam Dorfman Thornhill SS 2017 - 2018 Chapter Liaison Officer Harry Chen London Central SS 2017 - 2018 Branding and Communications Coordinator Sarina Wong The University of Toronto Schools Title: The Wolves Go Hunt Their Prey Passage: The Wolves Go Hunt Their Prey is the third studio album by German gothic metal band The Vision Bleak, released on 31 August 2007 through Prophecy Productions. Title: SS Megantic Passage: SS "Mégantic" was an ocean liner built by Harland and Wolff, of Belfast, and operated by the White Star Line. The liner was launched in 1908 and was . The ship was attacked by a German U-boat during World War I, but survived. "Mégantic" was taken out of service in 1931 and scrapped in 1933.	[ "White Star Line", "SS Gothic (1893)" ]
2hop__197667_919	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Balep korkun is a type of bread that is consumed mainly in central Tibet. It is round, flat and relatively easy to make. The ingredients are tsampa (barley flour), water and baking powder. It is cooked in a frying pan. It has been described as similar in appearance to naan.", "title": "Balep korkun" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Real Things is the fifth studio album by country music artist Joe Nichols, released in 2007 on Universal South Records. It produced two singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts: \"Another Side of You\", which peaked at number 17, and \"It Ain't No Crime\", which reached number 16.", "title": "Real Things (Joe Nichols album)" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Song of the South ''is a song written by Bob McDill. First recorded by American country music artist Bobby Bare on his 1980 album Drunk & Crazy, a version by Johnny Russell reached number 57 on the U.S. Billboard country chart in 1981. Another cover by Tom T. Hall and Earl Scruggs peaked at number 72 in 1982 from the album Storyteller and the Banjo Man. A cover released in November 1988 by American country music group Alabama, from their album Southern Star, reached number 1 on both the U.S. and Canadian country charts.", "title": "Song of the South (song)" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sammi Smith's recording reached number - one on the U.S. country charts and won the Grammy Award for Best Country Music Female performance. On February 20, 1971, it reached number 8 on Billboard's U.S. pop singles chart, and also enjoyed success in Canada. Adult - Contemporary stations took to the song, and it peaked at number 3 on Billboard's Easy Listening chart. Additionally, it spent three weeks at number 1 on the Country chart. The song became a gold record.", "title": "Help Me Make It Through the Night" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The song became a 1957 hit for US country singer Marty Robbins, which peaked at number one on the US country chart for four weeks and reaching number fifteen on the Billboard Top 100 and number two on Australian Singles Chart.", "title": "The Story of My Life (Marty Robbins song)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Give Me Forty Acres (To Turn This Rig Around)\" is a single by American country music group The Willis Brothers. Released in 1964, it was the first single from their album \"Give Me Forty Acres\". The song peaked at number 9 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Give Me Forty Acres (To Turn This Rig Around)" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Flowers on the Wall ''is a song made famous by the country music group The Statler Brothers. Written and composed by the group's original tenor, Lew DeWitt, the song peaked in popularity in January 1966, spending four weeks at No. 2 on the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart, and reaching No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song was used in the soundtrack to the 1994 film Pulp Fiction and as the title theme of the 2001 - 2002 BBC Radio 4 sitcom Linda Smith's A Brief History of Timewasting.", "title": "Flowers on the Wall" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hottest Night of the Year is a studio album by Canadian country music artist Anne Murray. It was released by Capitol Records in 1982. The album reached #29 on Billboard's Country albums chart and peaked at #90 on the Billboard Pop albums chart. Its US sales were estimated at approximately 200,000 copies.", "title": "The Hottest Night of the Year" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman Always Knows\" is a single by American country music artist David Houston. Released in December 1970, it was the second single from his album \"A Woman Always Knows\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "A Woman Always Knows" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Can't Break It to My Heart\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Tracy Lawrence. It was released in June 1993 as the second single from his album, \"Alibis\". The song reached the top of the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and peaked at number 2 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart.", "title": "Can't Break It to My Heart" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "King's song peaked at number 10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. Kay Starr recorded the song later in 1950. Her version peaked at number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. Billy Grammer recorded and charted (#50) in 1959 with a crossover pop and country version. Glen Campbell then covered the song for his 1974 album \"Houston (I'm Comin' to See You)\". It was released in July 1974 as the album's second single. Campbell's version peaked at number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Bonaparte's Retreat (Pee Wee King song)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Wine Me Up\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Faron Young. It was released in May 1969 as the first single from his album \"Wine Me Up\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart and reached number 3 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Wine Me Up" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ballads of the Day is an original jazz compilation by Nat King Cole. It released in 1956. The album reached a peak position of number 16 on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "title": "Ballads of the Day" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Kolmaš writes that, as the Mongol presence in Tibet increased, culminating in the conquest of Tibet by a Mongol leader in 1642, the Ming emperors \"viewed with apparent unconcern these developments in Tibet.\" He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and \"fill once more the political vacuum in that country.\" On the mass Mongol conversion to Tibetan Buddhism under Altan Khan, Laird writes that \"the Chinese watched these developments with interest, though few Chinese ever became devout Tibetan Buddhists.\"", "title": "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"I Wish You'd Stay\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley. It was released in August 2002 as the fourth and final single from Paisley's album \"Part II\" and reached a peak of number 7 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in early 2003. The song was originally released as the b-side to Paisley's previous single, \"I'm Gonna Miss Her (The Fishin' Song).\" Paisley wrote this song with Chris DuBois.", "title": "I Wish You'd Stay" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Tennessee Whiskey ''is the title of a country song written by Dean Dillon and Linda Hargrove. It was originally recorded by American country music artist David Allan Coe for his album of the same name Tennessee Whiskey, whose version peaked at number 77 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in 1981. George Jones' 1983 version of the song was included on his album Shine On, and reached number 2 on the Hot Country Singles chart. The song has been covered by several artists, including Chris Stapleton, whose version was performed at the 2015 Country Music Association (CMA) Awards with Justin Timberlake, and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "title": "Tennessee Whiskey (song)" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``A Country Boy Can Survive ''is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Hank Williams Jr. The song was released as a single in January 1982 and reached a peak of number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles charts in March 1982. It is considered one of Williams' signature songs even though it never reached number one.", "title": "A Country Boy Can Survive" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"Happy Girl\" is a song written by Beth Nielsen Chapman and Annie Roboff, and recorded by American country music singer Martina McBride. It was released in April 1998 as the third single from her album, \"Evolution\". It reached a peak of #2 on the U.S. country chart and #4 on the Canadian country chart.", "title": "Happy Girl" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The highest charting version is by American country music artist Narvel Felts. Released in 1975, it was the first single from his album \"Narvel Felts\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "Reconsider Me" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "\"While Your Lover Sleeps\" is a single by American country music artist Leon Ashley. The song peaked at number 25 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "title": "While Your Lover Sleeps" } ]	When did the conquest of the country Balep korkun comes from reach its peak?	1642	[]	Title: Balep korkun Passage: Balep korkun is a type of bread that is consumed mainly in central Tibet. It is round, flat and relatively easy to make. The ingredients are tsampa (barley flour), water and baking powder. It is cooked in a frying pan. It has been described as similar in appearance to naan. Title: I Wish You'd Stay Passage: "I Wish You'd Stay" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley. It was released in August 2002 as the fourth and final single from Paisley's album "Part II" and reached a peak of number 7 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in early 2003. The song was originally released as the b-side to Paisley's previous single, "I'm Gonna Miss Her (The Fishin' Song)." Paisley wrote this song with Chris DuBois. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: Kolmaš writes that, as the Mongol presence in Tibet increased, culminating in the conquest of Tibet by a Mongol leader in 1642, the Ming emperors "viewed with apparent unconcern these developments in Tibet." He adds that the Ming court's lack of concern for Tibet was one of the reasons why the Mongols pounced on the chance to reclaim their old vassal of Tibet and "fill once more the political vacuum in that country." On the mass Mongol conversion to Tibetan Buddhism under Altan Khan, Laird writes that "the Chinese watched these developments with interest, though few Chinese ever became devout Tibetan Buddhists." Title: Flowers on the Wall Passage: ``Flowers on the Wall ''is a song made famous by the country music group The Statler Brothers. Written and composed by the group's original tenor, Lew DeWitt, the song peaked in popularity in January 1966, spending four weeks at No. 2 on the Billboard magazine Hot Country Singles chart, and reaching No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song was used in the soundtrack to the 1994 film Pulp Fiction and as the title theme of the 2001 - 2002 BBC Radio 4 sitcom Linda Smith's A Brief History of Timewasting. Title: Can't Break It to My Heart Passage: "Can't Break It to My Heart" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Tracy Lawrence. It was released in June 1993 as the second single from his album, "Alibis". The song reached the top of the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart and peaked at number 2 on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks chart. Title: Give Me Forty Acres (To Turn This Rig Around) Passage: "Give Me Forty Acres (To Turn This Rig Around)" is a single by American country music group The Willis Brothers. Released in 1964, it was the first single from their album "Give Me Forty Acres". The song peaked at number 9 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in Canada.	[ "Balep korkun", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" ]
3hop1__857975_266275_54407	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Communist Party of Canada (French: Parti communiste du Canada, CPC / PCC) is a communist political party in Canada founded in 1921 under conditions of illegality. Although it is now a political party without any elected political representation, the party's candidates have been elected to the Parliament of Canada, the Ontario legislature, the Manitoba legislature, and various municipal governments across the country. The party has also contributed significantly to trade union organizing and labour history in Canada, peace and anti-war activism, and many other social movements.", "title": "Communist Party of Canada" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sergio Cofferati (born 30 January 1948) is an Italian politician who was Mayor of Bologna for the Democrats of the Left from 2004 to 2009. He has been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 to 2019, elected as a candidate of the Democratic Party.", "title": "Sergio Cofferati" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The presidential election was won by Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), running as the candidate of the Juntos Haremos Historia alliance. This is the first time a candidate won an outright majority (according to official vote counts) since 1988, and the first time that a candidate not from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) or its predecessors has done so since the Mexican Revolution. This election also marked both the worst electoral defeat suffered by the PRI and the worst electoral defeat for a sitting Mexican government since universal suffrage was adopted in the country.", "title": "2018 Mexican general election" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Luisa María de Guadalupe Calderón Hinojosa (born October 23, 1956 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party who served in the Senate of Mexico from 2000 until September 2006. She is currently senator-elect as a PAN proportional representative. Her term in the senate began in late 2012 and will continue through 2018. \"Cocoa\" (her nickname) is known as a champion for women and minority rights throughout Mexico.", "title": "Luisa María Calderón" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Koirala entered politics in 1954 inspired by the social-democratic ideals of the Nepali Congress. In 1958 he keenly participated in Bhadra Abagya Aandalon, (Civil Disobedience Movement) launched by the Nepali Congress. In 1959, he actively involved himself in the party's objective of carrying out the democratic elections. The election saw Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala become the first elected prime minister of the country. However, King Mahendra planned and executed a coup in December 1960 and expelled Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala. This resulted in the exile of several members of the Nepali Congress to India, which included Sushil Koirala. He remained in political exile in India for 16 years following the royal takeover of 1960. Koirala also spent three years in Indian prisons for his involvement in a plane hijacking in 1973. While in exile, Koirala was the editor of Tarun, the official party publication. He has been a member of the Central Working Committee of the party since 1979 and was appointed General Secretary of the party in 1996 and Vice President in 1998.", "title": "Sushil Koirala" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections", "title": "Ontario Libertarian Party" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Sergio Tolento Hernández (born 22 December 1959) is a Mexican surgeon politician from the National Action Party. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Baja California.", "title": "Sergio Tolento Hernández" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.", "title": "List of presidents of India" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The House of Representatives currently has 59 members elected for a five-year term, 56 members by proportional representation and 3 observer members representing the Armenian, Latin and Maronite minorities. 24 seats are allocated to the Turkish community but remain vacant since 1964. The political environment is dominated by the communist AKEL, the liberal conservative Democratic Rally, the centrist Democratic Party, the social-democratic EDEK and the centrist EURO.KO. In 2008, Dimitris Christofias became the country's first Communist head of state. Due to his involvement in the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis, Christofias did not run for re-election in 2013. The Presidential election in 2013 resulted in Democratic Rally candidate Nicos Anastasiades winning 57.48% of the vote. As a result, Anastasiades was sworn in on and has been President since 28 February 2013.", "title": "Cyprus" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "During Mubarak's presidency, Nasserist political parties began to emerge in Egypt, the first being the Arab Democratic Nasserist Party (ADNP). The party carried minor political influence, and splits between its members beginning in 1995 resulted in the gradual establishment of splinter parties, including Hamdeen Sabahi's 1997 founding of Al-Karama. Sabahi came in third place during the 2012 presidential election. Nasserist activists were among the founders of Kefaya, a major opposition force during Mubarak's rule. On 19 September 2012, four Nasserist parties (the ADNP, Karama, the National Conciliation Party, and the Popular Nasserist Congress Party) merged to form the United Nasserist Party.", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote.", "title": "1824 United States presidential election" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Rotpartiet (a Swedish term which can be translated as \"Root Party\" or \"Grassroots Party\") is a local political party in the municipality of Åtvidaberg, Sweden. The party was formed ahead of the 1998 elections, by Åke Hjalmarsson. Hjalmarsson was then dissatisfied with the development of the Åtvidaberg Party. The party won 3 seats in the 1998 elections.", "title": "Rotpartiet" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is \"guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin.\" The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the \"leading force of society and of the state\".The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba). Members of both councils are elected by the National Assembly of People's Power. The President of Cuba, who is also elected by the Assembly, serves for five years and there is no limit to the number of terms of office.", "title": "Cuba" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. Multiparty democracy was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and national elections held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in the National Assembly, although the Swapo Party has won every election since independence. The transition from the 15-year rule of President Sam Nujoma to his successor Hifikepunye Pohamba in 2005 went smoothly.", "title": "Namibia" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The People's Movement for Progress (, MPP) is a political party in Burkina Faso that was founded on 25 January 2014 by former Congress for Democracy and Progress member Roch Marc Christian Kaboré. Kaboré ran as the party's presidential candidate in the November 2015 general election and was elected in the first round of voting; the MPP also won a plurality of seats in the National Assembly of Burkina Faso. It is a full member of Socialist International, having been admitted in 2016.", "title": "People's Movement for Progress" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Sikkim Legislative Assembly election, 2004 took place on 10 May 2004 for 32 members of the Sikkim Legislative Assembly. Counting and result was declared on 13 May 2004. Sikkim Democratic Front, a regional political party, won 31 of the 32 assembly seats in this election.", "title": "2004 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Renaissance is a political party in Monaco that represents the interests of SBM employees. They won 10.67% of the popular vote, and 1 out of 24 seats in the legislative elections held on February 10, 2013. The seat was held by Eric Elena. However, the party did not contest the 2018 elections.", "title": "Renaissance (Monaco)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The current mayor of Havana (\"President of the People's Power Provincial Assembly\") is Marta Hernández Romero, she was elected on March 5, 2011.", "title": "Havana" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court \"alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session.\"The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. \"International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair.\" The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform.", "title": "Dominican Republic" } ]	Who was elected president of the country of Sergio Tolento Hernandez's political party?	Andrés Manuel López Obrador	[ "López Obrador" ]	Title: Sergio Cofferati Passage: Sergio Cofferati (born 30 January 1948) is an Italian politician who was Mayor of Bologna for the Democrats of the Left from 2004 to 2009. He has been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 2009 to 2019, elected as a candidate of the Democratic Party. Title: Luisa María Calderón Passage: Luisa María de Guadalupe Calderón Hinojosa (born October 23, 1956 in Mexico City) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party who served in the Senate of Mexico from 2000 until September 2006. She is currently senator-elect as a PAN proportional representative. Her term in the senate began in late 2012 and will continue through 2018. "Cocoa" (her nickname) is known as a champion for women and minority rights throughout Mexico. Title: Ontario Libertarian Party Passage: Ontario Libertarian Party Parti libertarien de l'Ontario Active provincial party Leader Rob Ferguson (interim) President Gene Balfour Founded 1975 (1975) Headquarters Toronto, Ontario Ideology Libertarianism Colours Yellow Website www.libertarian.on.ca Politics of Ontario Political parties Elections Title: 2018 Mexican general election Passage: The presidential election was won by Andrés Manuel López Obrador of the National Regeneration Movement (MORENA), running as the candidate of the Juntos Haremos Historia alliance. This is the first time a candidate won an outright majority (according to official vote counts) since 1988, and the first time that a candidate not from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) or its predecessors has done so since the Mexican Revolution. This election also marked both the worst electoral defeat suffered by the PRI and the worst electoral defeat for a sitting Mexican government since universal suffrage was adopted in the country. Title: Sergio Tolento Hernández Passage: Sergio Tolento Hernández (born 22 December 1959) is a Mexican surgeon politician from the National Action Party. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Baja California. Title: Dominican Republic Passage: The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court "alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session."The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. "International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair." The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform.	[ "2018 Mexican general election", "Luisa María Calderón", "Sergio Tolento Hernández" ]
2hop__72949_62561	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "An early attempt to translate these characters into English gave rise to the expression ``The Land of the Morning Calm ''for Korea, which parallels the expression`` The Land of the Rising Sun'' for Japan. While the wording is fanciful, the essence of the translation is valid.", "title": "Names of Korea" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In South Korea, the school year is divided into two terms. The first term usually runs from March 2, unless it is a Friday or the weekend, to mid-July with the summer vacation from mid-July to late - August (elementary and secondary schools) and from mid-June to late August (higher education institutions). The second term usually resumes in late August and runs until mid-February. The winter break is from late December to late January. There are two weeks of school (elementary and secondary schools) in February. Then there is a two - week - break before the new academic year starts in March.", "title": "Academic term" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Australia, summer officially lasts from December to February, and therefore includes Christmas and New Year holidays. The dates of Australian school holidays (the term used, rather than ``vacation '') are determined by each state's Department of Education, the Christmas summer holiday being the longest in duration. Typically Christmas summer holiday in Australia last approximately six weeks, usually from late December (depending on school level) to late January. This is significantly shorter than North American summer holiday, but Australian schools also break for 2 weeks at Easter, and in June and September, giving students and teachers a total of twelve weeks of annual holidays. In many public schools, years 10 through 12 will finish before December 15, allowing time to complete exam marking and results. Year 10 commonly finishes at the end of November, Year 11 at the end of October, and year 12 (Senior Year) also at mid or the end of October after 3 weeks of end - of - year exams. This can bring the normal 12 weeks of vacation to 20 weeks of vacation. The intervening periods of school operation without holidays are called`` School Terms'', each term lasting approximately ten weeks. All Australian states have relatively similar holiday periods between each term, but there is the ability for this to change, as it did in the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games, when the first term in Victorian schools was shortened to 6 weeks and the other subsequently extended to 12 weeks due to severe disruptions to the public and private bus networks used by school students. Most private schools in Australia have up to four weeks of additional holidays, due to their longer teaching hours during term.", "title": "Summer vacation" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The McWhorter School of Pharmacy is an American pharmacy school located in Birmingham, Alabama. The school offers a four-year Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D) degree, and is nationally accredited by the ACPE.", "title": "McWhorter School of Pharmacy" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Mount Calm Independent School District is a public school district based in Mount Calm, Texas, United States. Located in Hill County, a portion of the district extends into Limestone County.", "title": "Mount Calm Independent School District" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Brazil, due to the Law of Directives and Bases of Brazilian Education, the academic year must have 200 days, both at schools and at universities. The school year usually begins during the first week of February. There is a 2 - week / 4 - week long winter break in July. The Brazilian school year ends the first week of December, summer in Brazil.", "title": "Academic term" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The catastrophic mass extinction at the end of the Permian, around 252 million years ago, killed off about 70 percent of terrestrial vertebrate species and the majority of land plants.", "title": "Evolution of mammals" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Documentaries to Inspire Social Change, NFP (DISC) produced the film \"Sifuna Okwethu\" as part of the larger struggle to address severe land inequality in South Africa. Many people know that due to extensive colonial and apartheid era land theft, in 1994—when apartheid fell and Nelson Mandela came to power—87% of South Africa’s land was owned by whites although they constitute less than 10% of the population. This is an injustice by any measure. Thus, Mandela and the ANC aimed to redistribute 30% of the land in the first five years of democracy. What many people (even those who were active in the fight to eliminate apartheid) do not know is that over 15 years later less than 10% of the land has been redistributed from the hands of whites back to blacks. The filmmakers believe that this is one of the most overlooked injustices of the 21st century. To make this injustice known by more people, and dissolved by the power of media, the filmmakers decided to make the story of the Ndolilas into a documentary.", "title": "Sifuna Okwethu" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Fifth grade (called Grade 5 in some regions) is a year of education in many nations. In the United States, the fifth grade is the fifth and last school year of elementary school in most schools. It depends on the school district, the grade may be the second to last or last year of elementary school, the first year of middle school or the first year of intermediate school. Students are usually 10 - 11 years old unless the child has been held back. In England and Wales, the equivalent is Year 6. In Ireland the equivalent is 5th class.", "title": "Fifth grade" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sixth grade (equivalent to P7 in Scotland, Year 7 elsewhere in the UK, and Year 6 in Australia) is a year of education. In many nations, it is the first year of middle school or the last year of primary level (elementary). It is for students ages 11 -- 12. This grade may be the last year of elementary school or the first year of middle school unless the student (s) has been held back.", "title": "Sixth grade" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Malaysian primary and secondary schools, the school year is divided into two semesters. The first semester begins in early January and ends in late May, with a one - week mid-term break in March. After the mid-year holidays, which lasts for two weeks, the second semester begins in mid-June and ends in mid-November, with a one - week mid-term break in September. The school year ends with a six - week year - end holidays from mid-November to early January.", "title": "Academic term" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Vietnam, a school year is divided into two semesters: the first begins in late August and ends in December, while the second begins right after the first, which is about late January and lasts until the end of May.", "title": "Education in Vietnam" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "For temperature studies, subjects must remain awake but calm and semi-reclined in near darkness while their rectal temperatures are taken continuously. Though variation is great among normal chronotypes, the average human adult's temperature reaches its minimum at about 05:00 (5 a.m.), about two hours before habitual wake time. Baehr et al. found that, in young adults, the daily body temperature minimum occurred at about 04:00 (4 a.m.) for morning types but at about 06:00 (6 a.m.) for evening types. This minimum occurred at approximately the middle of the eight hour sleep period for morning types, but closer to waking in evening types.", "title": "Circadian rhythm" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "There's More Where That Came From is the sixth studio album by Lee Ann Womack, released in 2005. It received numerous awards and critical acclaim and was also Womack's highest selling album since 2000's \"I Hope You Dance\". The album was Womack's return to a traditional country music style, producing three charting singles between 2004 and 2006: \"I May Hate Myself in the Morning\", \"He Oughta Know That by Now\" and \"Twenty Years and Two Husbands Ago\", which peaked at numbers 10, 22, and 32, respectively, on the Hot Country Songs charts. Womack's ex-husband, Jason Sellers, sang background vocals on \"I May Hate Myself in the Morning\".", "title": "There's More Where That Came From" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Common Core State Standards Initiative is an educational initiative in the United States that details what K -- 12 students should know in English language arts and mathematics at the end of each grade. The initiative is sponsored by the National Governors Association (NGA) and the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) and seeks to establish consistent educational standards across the states as well as ensure that students graduating from high school are prepared to enter credit - bearing courses at two - or four - year college programs or to enter the workforce.", "title": "Common Core State Standards Initiative" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Epistle to the Corinthians contains the earliest known mention of the Last Supper. The four canonical Gospels all state that the Last Supper took place towards the end of the week, after Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem and that Jesus and his Apostles shared a meal shortly before Jesus was crucified at the end of that week. During the meal Jesus predicts his betrayal by one of the Apostles present, and foretells that before the next morning, Peter will deny knowing him.", "title": "Last Supper" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Woman Reading (La Liseuse) is a painting by Henri Matisse from 1896. It's displayed at Le Cateau-Cambrésis, Musée Matisse, deposited by the Centre Pompidou in 2002. It shows the calmness of a reading woman. The painting evokes a calm, relaxing atmosphere.", "title": "Woman Reading" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Jokela school shooting occurred on 7 November 2007, at Jokela High School in Jokela, a town in the municipality of Tuusula, Finland. The gunman, 18-year-old student Pekka-Eric Auvinen, entered the school on that morning armed with a semi-automatic pistol. He killed eight people and wounded one person in the toe before shooting himself in the head; twelve others were also injured by flying shattered glass or sprained ankles. Auvinen died later that evening in a Helsinki hospital.", "title": "Jokela school shooting" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "In North Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam, and Chinese and Vietnamese - speaking areas, Korea as a whole is referred to as Chosŏn (조선, Joseon, (tɕoshʌn),, (朝鲜), Cháoxiǎn, (朝鮮), Chōsen, Triều Tiên (朝鮮) lit. ``(land of the) Morning Calm '').`` Great Joseon'' was the name of the kingdom ruled by the Joseon dynasty from 1393 until their declaration of the short - lived Great Korean Empire in 1897. King Taejo had named them for the earlier Kojoseon (고조선), who ruled northern Korea from its legendary prehistory until their conquest in 108 BC by China's Han Empire. This go is the Hanja 古 and simply means ``ancient ''or`` old''; it is a modern usage to distinguish the ancient Joseon from the later dynasty. Joseon itself is the modern Korean pronunciation of the Hanja 朝鮮 but it is unclear whether this was a transcription of a native Korean name (OC * T (r) awser, MC Trjewsjen) or a partial translation into Chinese of the Korean capital Asadal (아사달), whose meaning has been reconstructed as ``Morning Land ''or`` Mountain''.", "title": "Korea" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Early next morning, 20 May, seeing Husvik Harbour below them, they knew that they were on the right path. At seven o'clock in the morning, they heard the steam whistle sound from Stromness, \"the first sound created by an outside human agency that had come to our ears since we left Stromness Bay in December 1914\". After a difficult descent, which involved passage down through a freezing waterfall, they at last reached safety. Shackleton wrote afterwards: \"I have no doubt that Providence guided us ... I know that during that long and racking march of 36 hours over the unnamed mountains and glaciers it seemed to me often that we were four, not three\". This image of a fourth traveller—echoed in the accounts of Worsley and Crean—was taken up by T. S. Eliot in his poem The Waste Land.", "title": "Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition" } ]	When does the school year end in the Land of Morning Calm?	mid-July	[]	Title: Korea Passage: In North Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam, and Chinese and Vietnamese - speaking areas, Korea as a whole is referred to as Chosŏn (조선, Joseon, (tɕoshʌn),, (朝鲜), Cháoxiǎn, (朝鮮), Chōsen, Triều Tiên (朝鮮) lit. ``(land of the) Morning Calm '').`` Great Joseon'' was the name of the kingdom ruled by the Joseon dynasty from 1393 until their declaration of the short - lived Great Korean Empire in 1897. King Taejo had named them for the earlier Kojoseon (고조선), who ruled northern Korea from its legendary prehistory until their conquest in 108 BC by China's Han Empire. This go is the Hanja 古 and simply means ``ancient ''or`` old''; it is a modern usage to distinguish the ancient Joseon from the later dynasty. Joseon itself is the modern Korean pronunciation of the Hanja 朝鮮 but it is unclear whether this was a transcription of a native Korean name (OC * T (r) awser, MC Trjewsjen) or a partial translation into Chinese of the Korean capital Asadal (아사달), whose meaning has been reconstructed as ``Morning Land ''or`` Mountain''. Title: Circadian rhythm Passage: For temperature studies, subjects must remain awake but calm and semi-reclined in near darkness while their rectal temperatures are taken continuously. Though variation is great among normal chronotypes, the average human adult's temperature reaches its minimum at about 05:00 (5 a.m.), about two hours before habitual wake time. Baehr et al. found that, in young adults, the daily body temperature minimum occurred at about 04:00 (4 a.m.) for morning types but at about 06:00 (6 a.m.) for evening types. This minimum occurred at approximately the middle of the eight hour sleep period for morning types, but closer to waking in evening types. Title: Education in Vietnam Passage: In Vietnam, a school year is divided into two semesters: the first begins in late August and ends in December, while the second begins right after the first, which is about late January and lasts until the end of May. Title: Academic term Passage: In Brazil, due to the Law of Directives and Bases of Brazilian Education, the academic year must have 200 days, both at schools and at universities. The school year usually begins during the first week of February. There is a 2 - week / 4 - week long winter break in July. The Brazilian school year ends the first week of December, summer in Brazil. Title: Academic term Passage: In South Korea, the school year is divided into two terms. The first term usually runs from March 2, unless it is a Friday or the weekend, to mid-July with the summer vacation from mid-July to late - August (elementary and secondary schools) and from mid-June to late August (higher education institutions). The second term usually resumes in late August and runs until mid-February. The winter break is from late December to late January. There are two weeks of school (elementary and secondary schools) in February. Then there is a two - week - break before the new academic year starts in March. Title: Sifuna Okwethu Passage: Documentaries to Inspire Social Change, NFP (DISC) produced the film "Sifuna Okwethu" as part of the larger struggle to address severe land inequality in South Africa. Many people know that due to extensive colonial and apartheid era land theft, in 1994—when apartheid fell and Nelson Mandela came to power—87% of South Africa’s land was owned by whites although they constitute less than 10% of the population. This is an injustice by any measure. Thus, Mandela and the ANC aimed to redistribute 30% of the land in the first five years of democracy. What many people (even those who were active in the fight to eliminate apartheid) do not know is that over 15 years later less than 10% of the land has been redistributed from the hands of whites back to blacks. The filmmakers believe that this is one of the most overlooked injustices of the 21st century. To make this injustice known by more people, and dissolved by the power of media, the filmmakers decided to make the story of the Ndolilas into a documentary.	[ "Academic term", "Korea" ]
2hop__158860_62776	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Ted tells his children he met their mother through a story concerning her yellow umbrella. He finds the umbrella at a club and takes it home after attending a St. Patrick's Day party where his future wife was, although they did not meet. Ted attempts to woo Stella (Sarah Chalke), a dermatologist he sees to remove an embarrassing butterfly tattoo. This culminates in a memorable \"two-minute date,\" which incorporates small talk, dinner, a movie, coffee, two cab rides, and a goodnight kiss, all within two minutes. Robin sleeps with Barney after he comforts her following a break-up with a past Canadian love; Ted is infuriated, and decides to stop being friends with Barney. Meanwhile, an unknown woman begins to sabotage Barney's attempts to hook up. His saboteur is revealed to be Abby (Britney Spears), Stella's receptionist, with a vendetta against him for not calling her after they had sex.", "title": "How I Met Your Mother" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "I Got Your Country Right Here is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Gretchen Wilson, released on March 30, 2010 via Redneck Records, her own label. The album's first single, ``Work Hard, Play Harder '', was released in October 2009, and became Wilson's first Top 20 hit since 2005's`` All Jacked Up.'' The album's title track was released as the second single in August 2010, and ``I'd Love to Be Your Last ''was released in January 2011 as the third single.", "title": "I Got Your Country Right Here" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Cat and the Cobra was the second album by Les Savy Fav. It was the first CD released by Frenchkiss Records, bassist Syd Butler's label. The vinyl LP was released by Self-Starter Foundation. The first track, \"The Orchard,\" features guest backing vocals by Toko Yasuda, who later went on to play in Enon.", "title": "The Cat and the Cobra" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Slow Gherkin was formed in 1993 by AJ Marquez, Zack \"ZK\" Kent, Phil Boutelle, and James Rickman; they released their first album, \"Double Happiness\", which was distributed by Asian Man Records, on July 29, 1996. They released their second album, \"Shed Some Skin\", in 1998. In 2002, the band released \"Run Screaming\", their final album. The band played a farewell show on August 17 of the same year, but played a sold-out reunion concert at Santa Cruz's Rio Theater on June 18, 2011.", "title": "Slow Gherkin" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Play is the eighth studio album by Taiwanese Mandopop girl group S.H.E. It was released on 11 May 2007 by HIM International Music. During the week of its release, \"Play\" accounted for over half of all Taiwanese album sales, beating out its runner up by over 40% of the market share. Over 100,000 copies of the album were pre-ordered; by mid-July, the sales total reached 500,000. Despite being tainted by cross-straits controversy, \"Chinese Language\", the album's lead single, earned six awards, including one for its music video. Due to the overall popularity of the album, \"Play\" became the first S.H.E album to warrant its own concert, which was held at the Tamshui Fisherman's Wharf in July.", "title": "Play (S.H.E album)" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abby is a hearing child adopted by deaf parents and likes her music loud. In the episode ``Seadog '', Gibbs tells Tony that Abby knows how to use sign language because both of her parents were deaf. Abby has stated that she dreams of visiting the Galápagos Islands, Dollywood, and Israel before she dies. Abby graduated with full honors from Louisiana State University with a triple major in sociology, criminology, and psychology. She earned her master's degree from Georgia State University in criminology and forensic science. Sciuto's interest in forensics came from living near a wrecking yard and being intrigued by the cause and effect of the wrecks. The season nine episode`` Enemy on the Hill'' revealed that Abby has another brother, Kyle (played by Daniel Louis Rivas), who is her biological brother, as it is revealed that Abby is in fact adopted.", "title": "Abby Sciuto" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Worrisome Heart is the debut album of jazz singer-songwriter Melody Gardot. It was released independently in 2006 and later re-released on Verve Records in 2007 and 2008. The album contains new recordings of songs previously released on Gardot's first extended play release, \"\" as well as unreleased tracks.", "title": "Worrisome Heart" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Vilja Bli (\"Wanting to Become\") is the first solo album of the Swedish singer Oskar Linnros after leaving the group Snook. The album was released on June 9, 2010 in Sweden. So far four singles have been released, \"Ack, Sundbyberg\", \"Från och med Du\", \"25\" and \"Genom eld\". The entire album was written, played and produced by Oskar Linnros.", "title": "Vilja Bli" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Delta Hardware is the twenty fourth studio album by blues harp player and vocalist Charlie Musselwhite. The album was released in 2006, on Real World Records. It is Musselwhite's second release on Real World Records, his first being Sanctuary in 2004. Musselwhite also plays electric guitar on \"Town to Town\".", "title": "Delta Hardware" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, dancer, and actress. Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997. Spears's first and second studio albums,... Baby One More Time (1999) and Oops!... I Did It Again (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best - selling album by a teenage solo artist. Title tracks ``... Baby One More Time ''and`` Oops!... I Did It Again'' broke international sales records. In 2001, Spears released her self - titled third studio album, Britney, and played the starring role in the film Crossroads (2002). She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, In the Zone (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single ``Toxic ''.", "title": "Britney Spears" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Abby Lynn Crumpton (born April 6, 1981, in Rochester Hills, Michigan) is an American soccer forward/defender who last played for Boston Breakers of Women's Professional Soccer.", "title": "Abby Crumpton" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In season 12, Abby rekindles her relationship with Luka in the episode ``The Human Shield ''when her attempt to vent her frustration at him turns into a kiss and subsequently sleeping together. Initially, they decide to remain friends, but soon become lovers, noting that they always seem to find their way back to each other. Three weeks into their relationship, it is revealed that Abby is pregnant. Despite clearly wanting another child, his own having perished in Croatia, Luka states that he will support whatever choice she makes, as long as they can still remain together. After a week or so of uncertainty, Abby decides to keep the baby. Luka proposes to Abby while she is pregnant, but Abby is not comfortable with the idea because of her past problems, and later claims she 'does n't need a white dress' to prove she loves him. Their baby, a son named Joseph (after Luka's father), or Joe for short (after Joe Frazier, the boxer whom Abby's long - disappeared father was a fan of) is born prematurely by emergency C - section at the beginning of season 13. Abby has to have an emergency hysterectomy. Joe spends several weeks in the hospital's NICU, requiring surgery during his stay. Abby and Luka's relationship becomes strained during this period, but they appear much happier in later episodes, caring for their now healthy baby boy.", "title": "Abby Lockhart" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Violent Sky is the fourth studio album by the Swedish singer-songwriter Lisa Miskovsky, released on January 28, 2011. \"Violent Sky\" is her first long play for five years since the 2006 album \"Changes\". It was produced by Bjorn Yttling of Peter, Bjorn and John.", "title": "Violent Sky" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Tell Me I'm Not Dreaming is a song by Welsh classical singer Katherine Jenkins, released as the first single from the platinum edition of her seventh studio album \"Believe\", and sixth single from the album as a whole. The song had its world exclusive first play on Ken Bruce's BBC Radio 2 show on 19 October 2010 and was released in the UK on 29 November 2010. A music video was recorded and a clip of it was shown on the \"Graham Norton Show\".", "title": "Tell Me I'm Not Dreaming" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "1+1 Play 'n' Fun is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Genie Chuo's first compilation album and fifth album release. It was released by Rock Records on 6 November 2009. It contains six new tracks and 17 previously released songs.", "title": "1+1 Play 'n' Fun" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Timothy Olyphant as Joel Hammond, Sheila's husband and Abby's father Drew Barrymore as Sheila Hammond, Joel's wife and Abby's mother Liv Hewson as Abby Hammond, Sheila and Joel's daughter Skyler Gisondo as Eric Bemis, the Hammonds' neighbor, Lisa and Dan's stepson", "title": "Santa Clarita Diet" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unlike previous studio albums by TBF, \"Pistaccio Metallic\" was released by Dallas Records. It is also the first studio album that feature new drummer Janko Novoselić. He also played on their 2010 live album \"Perpetuum Fritule\". For the first time TBF recorded a studio album outside of their home town Split. The album was recorded in Novo Mesto in Slovenia at the RSL Studio. It is also the first time TBF produced a studio album themselves without an external producer.", "title": "Pistaccio Metallic" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2004, the band released Unbreakable, an album that was hailed by critics as a long-awaited return to form. The album was the heaviest the band had released since Face the Heat. Whether a result of poor promotion by the band's label or the long time between studio releases, Unbreakable received little airplay and did not chart. Scorpions toured extensively behind the album and played as \"Special Guests\" with Judas Priest during the 2005 British tour—these were the Scorpions' first dates in the UK since 1999.", "title": "Scorpions (band)" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pauley Perrette (born March 27, 1969) is an American actress, best known for playing Abby Sciuto on the U.S. TV series NCIS. She is also a published writer, singer and civil rights advocate.", "title": "Pauley Perrette" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "One Bad Habit is a vocal album by Michael Franks, released in 1980 by Warner Bros. Records. It was Franks' sixth studio album and the first to receive significant radio play in the United States.", "title": "One Bad Habit" } ]	When did the actress of Abby release her first album?	1999	[]	Title: Santa Clarita Diet Passage: Timothy Olyphant as Joel Hammond, Sheila's husband and Abby's father Drew Barrymore as Sheila Hammond, Joel's wife and Abby's mother Liv Hewson as Abby Hammond, Sheila and Joel's daughter Skyler Gisondo as Eric Bemis, the Hammonds' neighbor, Lisa and Dan's stepson Title: Britney Spears Passage: Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, dancer, and actress. Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997. Spears's first and second studio albums,... Baby One More Time (1999) and Oops!... I Did It Again (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best - selling album by a teenage solo artist. Title tracks ``... Baby One More Time ''and`` Oops!... I Did It Again'' broke international sales records. In 2001, Spears released her self - titled third studio album, Britney, and played the starring role in the film Crossroads (2002). She assumed creative control of her fourth studio album, In the Zone (2003), which yielded the worldwide success of the single ``Toxic ''. Title: How I Met Your Mother Passage: Ted tells his children he met their mother through a story concerning her yellow umbrella. He finds the umbrella at a club and takes it home after attending a St. Patrick's Day party where his future wife was, although they did not meet. Ted attempts to woo Stella (Sarah Chalke), a dermatologist he sees to remove an embarrassing butterfly tattoo. This culminates in a memorable "two-minute date," which incorporates small talk, dinner, a movie, coffee, two cab rides, and a goodnight kiss, all within two minutes. Robin sleeps with Barney after he comforts her following a break-up with a past Canadian love; Ted is infuriated, and decides to stop being friends with Barney. Meanwhile, an unknown woman begins to sabotage Barney's attempts to hook up. His saboteur is revealed to be Abby (Britney Spears), Stella's receptionist, with a vendetta against him for not calling her after they had sex. Title: Tell Me I'm Not Dreaming Passage: Tell Me I'm Not Dreaming is a song by Welsh classical singer Katherine Jenkins, released as the first single from the platinum edition of her seventh studio album "Believe", and sixth single from the album as a whole. The song had its world exclusive first play on Ken Bruce's BBC Radio 2 show on 19 October 2010 and was released in the UK on 29 November 2010. A music video was recorded and a clip of it was shown on the "Graham Norton Show". Title: Abby Lockhart Passage: In season 12, Abby rekindles her relationship with Luka in the episode ``The Human Shield ''when her attempt to vent her frustration at him turns into a kiss and subsequently sleeping together. Initially, they decide to remain friends, but soon become lovers, noting that they always seem to find their way back to each other. Three weeks into their relationship, it is revealed that Abby is pregnant. Despite clearly wanting another child, his own having perished in Croatia, Luka states that he will support whatever choice she makes, as long as they can still remain together. After a week or so of uncertainty, Abby decides to keep the baby. Luka proposes to Abby while she is pregnant, but Abby is not comfortable with the idea because of her past problems, and later claims she 'does n't need a white dress' to prove she loves him. Their baby, a son named Joseph (after Luka's father), or Joe for short (after Joe Frazier, the boxer whom Abby's long - disappeared father was a fan of) is born prematurely by emergency C - section at the beginning of season 13. Abby has to have an emergency hysterectomy. Joe spends several weeks in the hospital's NICU, requiring surgery during his stay. Abby and Luka's relationship becomes strained during this period, but they appear much happier in later episodes, caring for their now healthy baby boy. Title: Play (S.H.E album) Passage: Play is the eighth studio album by Taiwanese Mandopop girl group S.H.E. It was released on 11 May 2007 by HIM International Music. During the week of its release, "Play" accounted for over half of all Taiwanese album sales, beating out its runner up by over 40% of the market share. Over 100,000 copies of the album were pre-ordered; by mid-July, the sales total reached 500,000. Despite being tainted by cross-straits controversy, "Chinese Language", the album's lead single, earned six awards, including one for its music video. Due to the overall popularity of the album, "Play" became the first S.H.E album to warrant its own concert, which was held at the Tamshui Fisherman's Wharf in July.	[ "How I Met Your Mother", "Britney Spears" ]
2hop__735812_24846	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Nasser appointed himself the additional roles of prime minister and supreme commander of the armed forces on 19 June 1967. Angry at the military court's perceived leniency with air force officers charged with negligence during the 1967 war, workers and students launched protests calling for major political reforms in late February 1968. Nasser responded to the demonstrations, the most significant public challenge to his rule since workers' protests in March 1954, by removing most military figures from his cabinet and appointing eight civilians in place of several high-ranking members of the Arab Socialist Union (ASU). By 3 March, Nasser directed Egypt's intelligence apparatus to focus on external rather than domestic espionage, and declared the \"fall of the mukhabarat state\".", "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "Zhetysu Stadium (, \"Jetisý stadıony\") is a multi-use stadium in Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of FC Zhetysu.", "title": "Zhetysu Stadium" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taavi Aulis Rytkönen (5 January 1929 – 16 April 2014) was a Finnish footballer. He became the country's first professional player when he signed for France's Toulouse FC in 1952.", "title": "Aulis Rytkönen" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Malari incident (; , short for \"Malapetaka Lima Belas Januari\", \"Fifteenth of January Disaster\") was a student demonstration and riot that happened from 15 to 16 January 1974. In reaction to a state visit by the Japanese Prime Minister, Kakuei Tanaka, students held a demonstration protesting corruption, high prices, and inequality in foreign investments. After provocation by suspected agent provocateurs, the demonstrations became riots, which eventually turned into a pogrom. By the end of the incident, 11 protestors had been killed and hundreds of cars and buildings destroyed.", "title": "Malari incident" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The events of the full - blown revolution began in Poland in 1989 and continued in Hungary, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and Romania. One feature common to most of these developments was the extensive use of campaigns of civil resistance, demonstrating popular opposition to the continuation of one - party rule and contributing to the pressure for change. Romania was the only Eastern Bloc country whose people overthrew its Communist regime violently. Protests in Tiananmen Square (April to June 1989) failed to stimulate major political changes in China, but influential images of courageous defiance during that protest helped to precipitate events in other parts of the globe. On 4 June 1989 the trade union Solidarity won an overwhelming victory in a partially free election in Poland, leading to the peaceful fall of Communism in that country in the summer of 1989. Hungary began (June 1989) dismantling its section of the physical Iron Curtain, leading to a exodus of East Germans through Hungary, which destabilised East Germany. This led to mass demonstrations in cities such as Leipzig and subsequently to the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, which served as the symbolic gateway to German reunification in 1990.", "title": "Revolutions of 1989" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In response to the demonstrations, the Chinese government attempted to calm the situation, possibly fearing the protests may spiral out of control as has happened in recent years, including the anti-Japanese protests in 2005. State media and commentaries began to call for calm, such as an editorial in the People's Daily which urged Chinese people to \"express [their] patriotic enthusiasm calmly and rationally, and express patriotic aspiration in an orderly and legal manner\". The government also began to patrol and censor the internet forums such as Sohu.com, with comments related to the Carrefour boycott removed. In the days prior to the planned boycott, evidence of efforts by Chinese authorities to choke the mass boycott's efforts online became even more evident, including barring searches of words related to the French protests, but protests broke out nonetheless in front of Carrefour's stores at Beijing, Changsha, Fuzhou and Shenyang on May 1.", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773. The demonstrators, some disguised as Native Americans, in defiance of the Tea Act of May 10, 1773, destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution. The Tea Party became an iconic event of American history, and since then other political protests such as the Tea Party movement have referred to themselves as historical successors to the Boston protest of 1773.", "title": "Boston Tea Party" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The \"Jeltoqsan\" (Kazakh for \"December\") of 1986 were riots in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, sparked by Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, who was replaced with Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Demonstrations started in the morning of December 17, 1986, with 200 to 300 students in front of the Central Committee building on Brezhnev Square protesting Konayev's dismissal and replacement by a Russian. Protesters swelled to 1,000 to 5,000 as other students joined the crowd. The CPK Central Committee ordered troops from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, druzhiniki (volunteers), cadets, policemen, and the KGB to cordon the square and videotape the participants. The situation escalated around 5 p.m., as troops were ordered to disperse the protesters. Clashes between the security forces and the demonstrators continued throughout the night in Almaty.", "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773. In defiance of the Tea Act of May 10, 1773, the demonstrators, some disguised as Native Americans, destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution. The Tea Party became an iconic event of American history, and since then other political protests such as the Tea Party movement have referred to themselves as historical successors to the Boston protest of 1773.", "title": "Boston Tea Party" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The \"Jyllands-Posten\" Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis) (Danish: \"Muhammedkrisen\") began after the Danish newspaper \"Jyllands-Posten\" published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam. The newspaper announced that this was an attempt to contribute to the debate about criticism of Islam and self-censorship. Muslim groups in Denmark complained, and the issue eventually led to protests around the world, including violent demonstrations and riots in some Muslim countries.", "title": "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In 2015, the Houston Astros announced that Tal's Hill would be removed as part of an organizational evaluation requested by owner Jim Crane. It was to be replaced with a new seating area and concession stands. The removal was scheduled for the end of the 2015 Major League Baseball season; however, the Astros reached the postseason, which delayed the work until after the 2016 season. The groundbreaking on removal took place on October 10, 2016. The removal of Tal's Hill was viewed as an example of variations in MLB ballparks being removed for financial gain and also in the pursuit of uniformity in MLB ballpark playing fields.", "title": "Minute Maid Park" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In the summer of 2007, Tiquinho moved to Cyprus, going on to remain in the country for the following three years in representation of AEL Limassol, Anorthosis Famagusta FC – no official games – AEK Larnaca FC and AEP Paphos FC.", "title": "Tiquinho" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The First Quarter Storm () was a period of civil unrest in the Philippines, composed of a series of heavy demonstrations, protests, and marches against the government from January to March 1970, or the first quarter of 1970. Student activists played a large role in these demonstrations, expressing their condemnation of the country's economic crisis and rampant imperialism. These violent protests, along with the subsequent protests they inspired, were collectively a major factor that led to the declaration of Martial Law in 1972.", "title": "First Quarter Storm" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Euromaidan (; , , , literally \"Euro[pean] Square\") was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with public protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti (\"Independence Square\") in Kiev. The protests were sparked by the Ukrainian government's decision to suspend the signing of an association agreement with the European Union, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. The scope of the protests soon widened, with calls for the resignation of President Viktor Yanukovych and his government. The protests were fueled by the perception of \"widespread government corruption\", \"abuse of power\", and \"violation of human rights in Ukraine\". Transparency International named President Yanukovych as the top example of corruption in the world. The situation escalated after the violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November, leading to many more protesters joining. The protests led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.", "title": "Euromaidan" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Yannick Bach (born 21 May 1991) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for Borussia Neunkirchen. He came through Saarbrücken's youth setup, and made his first-team debut in July 2011, when he replaced Kai Gehring in a 3. Fußball-Liga match against Chemnitzer FC.", "title": "Yannick Bach" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On June 14, 1987, about 5,000 people gathered again at Freedom Monument in Riga, and laid flowers to commemorate the anniversary of Stalin's mass deportation of Latvians in 1941. This was the first large demonstration in the Baltic republics to commemorate the anniversary of an event contrary to official Soviet history. The authorities did not crack down on demonstrators, which encouraged more and larger demonstrations throughout the Baltic States. The next major anniversary after the August 23 Molotov Pact demonstration was on November 18, the date of Latvia’s independence in 1918. On November 18, 1987, hundreds of police and civilian militiamen cordoned off the central square to prevent any demonstration at Freedom Monument, but thousands lined the streets of Riga in silent protest regardless.", "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "(The ruling PUP reportedly planned a counter-demonstration.) This was a large demonstration outside the National Assembly building in Belmopan which ended in violence. Protesters threw rocks at the police, who responded with rubber bullets and riot gas. The gunfire and sirens were audible at a distance of at least 1 km. At least one larger booming sound, significantly louder than gunfire, was heard; the cause of this is unclear.", "title": "2005 Belize unrest" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The period preceding, and contemporary with, the Protestant Reformation saw the translation of the Bible into local European languages—a development that contributed to Western Christianity's split into Roman Catholicism and Protestantism due to disparities between Catholic and Protestant versions of crucial words and passages (although the Protestant movement was largely based on other things, such as a perceived need for reformation of the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate corruption). Lasting effects on the religions, cultures and languages of their respective countries have been exerted by such Bible translations as Martin Luther's into German, Jakub Wujek's into Polish, and the King James Bible's translators' into English. Debate and religious schism over different translations of religious texts remain to this day, as demonstrated by, for example, the King James Only movement.", "title": "Translation" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn (, ; 11 August 1911 – 16 June 2004) was a military dictator of Thailand. A staunch anti-communist, Thanom oversaw a decade of military rule in Thailand from 1963 to 1973, during which he staged a self-coup, until public protests which exploded into violence forced him to step down. His return from exile in 1976 sparked protests which led to a massacre of demonstrators, followed by a military coup.", "title": "Thanom Kittikachorn" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In Bavaria, King Ludwig I lost prestige because of his open relationship with his favourite mistress Lola Montez, a dancer and actress unacceptable to the aristocracy or the Church. She tried to launch liberal reforms through a Protestant prime minister, which outraged the state's Catholic conservatives. On February 9, conservatives came out onto the streets in protest. This February 9, 1848 demonstration was the first in that revolutionary year. It was an exception among the wave of liberal protests. The conservatives wanted to be rid of Lola Montez, and had no other political agenda. Liberal students took advantage of the Lola Montez affair to stress their demands for political change. All over Bavaria, students started demonstrating for constitutional reform, just as students were doing in other cities.", "title": "German revolutions of 1848–49" } ]	When were the first demonstrations to protest the removal and replacement of Konayev in the country where FC Zhetysu is located?	December 17, 1986	[]	Title: Euromaidan Passage: Euromaidan (; , , , literally "Euro[pean] Square") was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on the night of 21 November 2013 with public protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti ("Independence Square") in Kiev. The protests were sparked by the Ukrainian government's decision to suspend the signing of an association agreement with the European Union, instead choosing closer ties to Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union. The scope of the protests soon widened, with calls for the resignation of President Viktor Yanukovych and his government. The protests were fueled by the perception of "widespread government corruption", "abuse of power", and "violation of human rights in Ukraine". Transparency International named President Yanukovych as the top example of corruption in the world. The situation escalated after the violent dispersal of protesters on 30 November, leading to many more protesters joining. The protests led to the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. Title: Boston Tea Party Passage: The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773. The demonstrators, some disguised as Native Americans, in defiance of the Tea Act of May 10, 1773, destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution. The Tea Party became an iconic event of American history, and since then other political protests such as the Tea Party movement have referred to themselves as historical successors to the Boston protest of 1773. Title: Zhetysu Stadium Passage: Zhetysu Stadium (, "Jetisý stadıony") is a multi-use stadium in Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan. It is currently used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of FC Zhetysu. Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: The "Jeltoqsan" (Kazakh for "December") of 1986 were riots in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, sparked by Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, who was replaced with Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Demonstrations started in the morning of December 17, 1986, with 200 to 300 students in front of the Central Committee building on Brezhnev Square protesting Konayev's dismissal and replacement by a Russian. Protesters swelled to 1,000 to 5,000 as other students joined the crowd. The CPK Central Committee ordered troops from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, druzhiniki (volunteers), cadets, policemen, and the KGB to cordon the square and videotape the participants. The situation escalated around 5 p.m., as troops were ordered to disperse the protesters. Clashes between the security forces and the demonstrators continued throughout the night in Almaty. Title: Minute Maid Park Passage: In 2015, the Houston Astros announced that Tal's Hill would be removed as part of an organizational evaluation requested by owner Jim Crane. It was to be replaced with a new seating area and concession stands. The removal was scheduled for the end of the 2015 Major League Baseball season; however, the Astros reached the postseason, which delayed the work until after the 2016 season. The groundbreaking on removal took place on October 10, 2016. The removal of Tal's Hill was viewed as an example of variations in MLB ballparks being removed for financial gain and also in the pursuit of uniformity in MLB ballpark playing fields. Title: Boston Tea Party Passage: The Boston Tea Party was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, Massachusetts, on December 16, 1773. In defiance of the Tea Act of May 10, 1773, the demonstrators, some disguised as Native Americans, destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution. The Tea Party became an iconic event of American history, and since then other political protests such as the Tea Party movement have referred to themselves as historical successors to the Boston protest of 1773.	[ "Zhetysu Stadium", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" ]
2hop__622758_5418	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "The City of Oklahoma City has operated under a council-manager form of city government since 1927. Mick Cornett serves as Mayor, having first been elected in 2004, and re-elected in 2006, 2010, and 2014. Eight councilpersons represent each of the eight wards of Oklahoma City. City Manager Jim Couch was appointed in late 2000. Couch previously served as assistant city manager, Metropolitan Area Projects Plan (MAPS) director and utilities director prior to his service as city manager.", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Max Taut was born in Königsberg, the younger brother of Bruno Taut. He, his brother and Franz Hoffman formed Taut & Hoffman, an architecture firm in Berlin, In the 1920s, Max Taut was particularly known for his office buildings for trade unions. Between 1922 and 1925, he built one house a year on Hiddensee island, each one very different from the others.", "title": "Max Taut" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hoffman co-founded LinkedIn in December 2002 with two former colleagues from SocialNet (including Allen Blue), a former college classmate and a former colleague from his time at Fujitsu. It launched on May 5, 2003, as one of the first business-oriented online social networks. Peter Thiel and Keith Rabois, colleagues of Hoffman's at PayPal, invested in LinkedIn. By November 2014, LinkedIn had over 332 million members in more than 200 countries and territories. The site allows registered users to create professional profiles and connect with each other. Users can invite anyone (whether a site user or not) to become a connection. According to Forbes, \"LinkedIn is, far and away, the most advantageous social networking tool available to job seekers and business professionals today.\"Hoffman was LinkedIn's founding CEO for the first four years before becoming chairman and president of products in February 2007. He became executive chairman in June 2009. With the IPO of LinkedIn on May 19, 2011, Hoffman owns a stake worth an estimated $2.34 billion, not including any potential benefits from Greylock Partners, where he was named a partner in 2009. Hoffman believes that many people still do not know how to use its service and it is LinkedIn's job to help them out. In an interview, Hoffman said that \"you have to think proactively about how to use a tool that enables your ability to move in ways that you weren't able to move before, and most of people are not very good at that\".Microsoft proposed to acquire LinkedIn on June 13, 2016 for $26.2 billion in cash. Hoffman became a Microsoft board member on March 14, 2017.", "title": "Reid Hoffman" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Cincinnati mayoral election took place on November 7, 2017, to elect the Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio. The election was officially nonpartisan, with the top two candidates from the May 2 primary election advancing to the general election, regardless of party. Incumbent Democratic Mayor John Cranley won re-election to a second term.", "title": "2017 Cincinnati mayoral election" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Sideshow Bob The Simpsons character Information Voiced by Kelsey Grammer Gender Male Occupation Television personality Criminal mastermind Former Mayor of Springfield Former Mayor of Salsiccia scientist professor actor Relatives Father: Dr. Robert Terwilliger Sr. Mother: Dame Judith Underdunk Brother: Cecil Terwilliger Wife: Francesca Son: Gino Ex-wife: Selma Bouvier First appearance The Simpsons ``The Telltale Head ''(1990)", "title": "Sideshow Bob" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert Marr Wright (September 2, 1840 – January 4, 1915), also known as Bob Wright, was an American businessman and a founder of the frontier community of Dodge City, Kansas. For four two-year terms from 1875 to 1883, he represented Ford County in the Kansas House of Representatives. He was the mayor of Dodge City for a four-year term.", "title": "Robert M. Wright" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jake Hoffman was born in Los Angeles County, California, the son of actor Dustin Hoffman and Lisa Hoffman (née Gottsegen). In 2003, he graduated from NYU Film School. Since then, he has directed music videos, and written and directed short films, and is most known for his work as an actor. In 2006, he played the adult version of Ben Newman in the comedy fantasy film \"Click\", playing Adam Sandler's son.", "title": "Jake Hoffman" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Hoffman tunnel, or Hoffman drainage tunnel, was constructed to drain water from coal mines northwest of Clarysville in Allegany County, Maryland. The two-mile-long tunnel drains into the Braddock Run tributary of Wills Creek.", "title": "Hoffman tunnel" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Philip Seymour Hoffman (July 23, 1967 -- February 2, 2014) was an American actor, director, and producer. Best known for his distinctive supporting and character roles -- typically lowlifes, eccentrics, bullies, and misfits -- Hoffman acted in many films from the early 1990s until his death at age 46.", "title": "Philip Seymour Hoffman" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Billy Hoffman (born in Arkansas and raised in Poteau, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer. Hoffman was born with a hearing problem and is only three percent away from being deaf. He also learned to play guitar to gain dexterity after being born with underdeveloped hands.", "title": "Billy Hoffman (singer)" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Practical Magic is a 1995 novel by Alice Hoffman. The book was adapted into a 1998 film of the same name.", "title": "Practical Magic (novel)" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Bobby's Girl ''is a song and single written by Gary Klein and Henry Hoffman and performed by American teenage singer, Marcie Blane.", "title": "Bobby's Girl (song)" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Raskin was authorized to start hiring for the project in September 1979, and he immediately asked his long-time colleague, Brian Howard, to join him. His initial team would eventually consist of himself, Howard, Joanna Hoffman, Burrell Smith, and Bud Tribble. The rest of the original Mac team would include Bill Atkinson, Bob Belleville, Steve Capps, George Crow, Donn Denman, Chris Espinosa, Andy Hertzfeld, Bruce Horn, Susan Kare, Larry Kenyon, and Caroline Rose with Steve Jobs leading the project.", "title": "Macintosh" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "In April 2005, the Oklahoma City Skate Park at Wiley Post Park was renamed the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park to recognize Mat Hoffman, an Oklahoma City area resident and businessman that was instrumental in the design of the skate park and is a 10-time BMX World Vert champion. In March 2009, the Mat Hoffman Action Sports Park was named by the National Geographic Society Travel Guide as one of the \"Ten Best.\"", "title": "Oklahoma City" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Max Hoffman House is a Frank Lloyd Wright designed home in Rye, New York built in 1955 for European automobile importer Max Hoffman.", "title": "Max Hoffman House" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Moira Queen (portrayed by Susanna Thompson; Seasons 1 - 2) is the mother of Oliver and Thea, the former acting CEO of Queen Consolidated, mayoral candidate and wife of Robert Queen and later Walter Steele. She also had a brief affair with Malcolm Merlyn after his wife's death, which resulted in Thea's birth. She is based on the minor DC Comics character of the same name.", "title": "List of Arrow characters" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Robert \"Bob\" Wasserman (January 12, 1934 – December 29, 2011) was an American politician and retired police chief, who served as the Mayor of Fremont, California, from 2004 to 2011. He has been credited with integrating Fremont's economy and workforce with into the larger Silicon Valley during his tenures as mayor and a city councilman.", "title": "Bob Wasserman" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Jaime Barrón Poveda (born 1959 in Sucre) is former mayor of the city of Sucre, Bolivia, representing the Pact of Social Integration (PAÍS) political party, which is closely aligned with the Inter-Institutional Committee of Chuquisaca. Following his election in the April 4, 2010 regional elections, Barrón was sworn in as mayor in late May. However, Barrón was also indicted for instigating the violence of May 24, 2008. His office as mayor was suspended due to the indictment and Veronica Berrios, of the Movimiento Al Socialismo party was chosen by the council as interim mayor in mid-June 2010. On June 19, Barrón formally resigned his position as mayor to make way for new elections, which can be held no earlier than January 2011. On November 15, by judge's order, Barrón was placed into detention to await trial.", "title": "Jaime Barrón" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "He is a graduate of Putnam City High School in Warr Acres, Oklahoma and went to Oklahoma Baptist University in Shawnee to play basketball. He met his wife there and after graduation he was hired at Piedmont High School in Piedmont, Oklahoma just northwest of Oklahoma City. He was then hired as the head women's basketball coach at Southern Nazarene University, where his team won the NAIA national championship in 1989. From there he returned to his alma mater as men's coach for the following ten years.", "title": "Bob Hoffman (basketball)" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Hoffman Glacier () is a narrow glacier, long, flowing eastward from Mount Miller in the Holland Range of Antarctica to enter Lennox-King Glacier south of Rhodes Peak. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant Commander Robert D. Hoffman, U.S. Navy, commanding officer of during Operation Deep Freeze, 1965.", "title": "Hoffman Glacier" } ]	Who is the mayor of the city where Bob Hoffman was born?	Mick Cornett	[]	Title: Billy Hoffman (singer) Passage: Billy Hoffman (born in Arkansas and raised in Poteau, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer. Hoffman was born with a hearing problem and is only three percent away from being deaf. He also learned to play guitar to gain dexterity after being born with underdeveloped hands. Title: Max Taut Passage: Max Taut was born in Königsberg, the younger brother of Bruno Taut. He, his brother and Franz Hoffman formed Taut & Hoffman, an architecture firm in Berlin, In the 1920s, Max Taut was particularly known for his office buildings for trade unions. Between 1922 and 1925, he built one house a year on Hiddensee island, each one very different from the others. Title: Bob Hoffman (basketball) Passage: He is a graduate of Putnam City High School in Warr Acres, Oklahoma and went to Oklahoma Baptist University in Shawnee to play basketball. He met his wife there and after graduation he was hired at Piedmont High School in Piedmont, Oklahoma just northwest of Oklahoma City. He was then hired as the head women's basketball coach at Southern Nazarene University, where his team won the NAIA national championship in 1989. From there he returned to his alma mater as men's coach for the following ten years. Title: Jaime Barrón Passage: Jaime Barrón Poveda (born 1959 in Sucre) is former mayor of the city of Sucre, Bolivia, representing the Pact of Social Integration (PAÍS) political party, which is closely aligned with the Inter-Institutional Committee of Chuquisaca. Following his election in the April 4, 2010 regional elections, Barrón was sworn in as mayor in late May. However, Barrón was also indicted for instigating the violence of May 24, 2008. His office as mayor was suspended due to the indictment and Veronica Berrios, of the Movimiento Al Socialismo party was chosen by the council as interim mayor in mid-June 2010. On June 19, Barrón formally resigned his position as mayor to make way for new elections, which can be held no earlier than January 2011. On November 15, by judge's order, Barrón was placed into detention to await trial. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The City of Oklahoma City has operated under a council-manager form of city government since 1927. Mick Cornett serves as Mayor, having first been elected in 2004, and re-elected in 2006, 2010, and 2014. Eight councilpersons represent each of the eight wards of Oklahoma City. City Manager Jim Couch was appointed in late 2000. Couch previously served as assistant city manager, Metropolitan Area Projects Plan (MAPS) director and utilities director prior to his service as city manager. Title: List of Arrow characters Passage: Moira Queen (portrayed by Susanna Thompson; Seasons 1 - 2) is the mother of Oliver and Thea, the former acting CEO of Queen Consolidated, mayoral candidate and wife of Robert Queen and later Walter Steele. She also had a brief affair with Malcolm Merlyn after his wife's death, which resulted in Thea's birth. She is based on the minor DC Comics character of the same name.	[ "Oklahoma City", "Bob Hoffman (basketball)" ]
2hop__142767_3430	[ { "idx": 0, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Pearls Before Swine was an American psychedelic folk band formed by Tom Rapp in 1965 in Eau Gallie, now part of Melbourne, Florida. They released six albums between 1967 and 1971, before Rapp launched a solo career.", "title": "Pearls Before Swine (band)" }, { "idx": 1, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 2, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Taking Heaven By Storm is a Contemporary Christian Music album by Steve Camp and was released by Warner Alliance in 1993, serving as Camp's debut with that label. This album is best known for the title track. This is the first non-compilation album to feature a recording of an earlier song, which Camp would do with some of his albums near the end of his recording career. Here, the song was \"It's a Dying World\"; from the 1984 Word release of the same name.", "title": "Taking Heaven By Storm" }, { "idx": 3, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.", "title": "Steven Spielberg" }, { "idx": 4, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "4-Wheel Vibe is the second album by American punk rock band Bracket, released by Caroline Records on May 16, 1995. Produced by Don Fleming, \"4-Wheel Vibe\" expanded on the pop punk sound of their debut \"924 Forestville St.\" and began to showcase a wider range of songwriting. In addition to music videos for \"Trailer Park\" and \"Circus Act\", leftover songs from the album's sessions were released the following year on the \"4 Rare Vibes\" EP. Bracket released alternate versions of several tracks from \"4-Wheel Vibe\" on \"Rare Cuts\" in 2013.", "title": "4-Wheel Vibe" }, { "idx": 5, "is_supporting": true, "paragraph_text": "\"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" is a song written by Brett James, Hillary Lindsey and Gordie Sampson, and recorded by American country music artist Carrie Underwood. It was released in October 2005 as the first single from Underwood's debut album \"Some Hearts\". The ballad tells of a woman seeking help from Jesus in an emergency, ultimately letting Jesus take control of her life.", "title": "Jesus, Take the Wheel" }, { "idx": 6, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "On August 17, 2017, Bieber released the single ``Friends ''with American record producer and songwriter BloodPop. Songwriters Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter reunited with Bieber to construct the song, just as they helped create his single`` Sorry'' in 2015 on his studio album Purpose. Bieber did not attend the 2018 Grammy Awards Show to perform the nominated song ``Despacito '', claiming that he would not make any award show appearances until his next album was finished.", "title": "Justin Bieber" }, { "idx": 7, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The series had its original run from July 1, 1992 to January 1, 1997. Simmons was inspired to make Def Comedy Jam by Jerry Lewis' movie The Nutty Professor. The show returned on HBO's fall lineup in 2006. Def Comedy Jam helped to launch the careers of several African - American stand - up comedians.", "title": "Def Comedy Jam" }, { "idx": 8, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Reason I Exist is a studio album by Filipino singer King Girado, released in the Philippines on April 2004 by Star Records. King did the media launch for the album during his birthday together with the launch of his new music video of the carrier single \"Ba't 'Di Mo Pagbigyan\" and website kingedgeofrnb.com followed by a birthday show at the Hardrock cafe for his fans.", "title": "The Reason I Exist" }, { "idx": 9, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "7th Magnitude has been instrumental in launching the career of Orelsan, with Skread producing and releasing \"Perdu d'avance\" and the hugely successful \"Le chant des sirènes\", which is certified platinum in France. The label has also released Nessbeal's \"NE2S\" and \"Sélection naturelle\", as well as singer Isleym's debut studio album \"Où ça nous mène\".", "title": "7th Magnitude" }, { "idx": 10, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Both finalists found success after the show, but Aiken out-performed Studdard's coronation song \"Flying Without Wings\" with his single release from the show \"This Is the Night\", as well as in their subsequent album releases. The fourth-place finisher Josh Gracin also enjoyed some success as a country singer.", "title": "American Idol" }, { "idx": 11, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Anita Rose Morris (March 14, 1943 – March 2, 1994) was an American actress, singer and dancer. She began her career performing on Broadway musicals, including \"Jesus Christ Superstar\", \"Seesaw\" and \"Nine\", for which she received Tony Award nomination.", "title": "Anita Morris" }, { "idx": 12, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "``Wagon Wheel ''Song by Old Crow Medicine Show from the album O.C.M.S. Released February 24, 2004 Recorded 2003 at RCA Studio B in Nashville, Tennessee Genre Country Americana folk bluegrass Length 3: 52 Label Nettwerk Songwriter (s) Bob Dylan Ketch Secor Producer (s) David Rawlings O.C.M.S. track listing`` We're All in This Together'' (10) ``Wagon Wheel ''(11) Music video`` Wagon Wheel'' on YouTube", "title": "Wagon Wheel (song)" }, { "idx": 13, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Shine a Light is a 2008 British-American concert film directed by Martin Scorsese documenting The Rolling Stones' 2006 Beacon Theatre performances on their A Bigger Bang Tour. The film also includes archive footage from the band's career and marked the first utilisation by Scorsese of digital cinematography for his films, with it being used for the backstage sequences. The film takes its title from the song of the same name, featured on the band's 1972 album \"Exile on Main St.\" A soundtrack album was released in April 2008 on the Universal label. This is also the last movie by Paramount Classics, as the company merged into its sister company Paramount Vantage after the movie was released.", "title": "Shine a Light (film)" }, { "idx": 14, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Left Foot, Right Foot is the second album by Australian hip hop group Hilltop Hoods. It was released in 2001. To promote the album the group performed six or seven shows over a few months.", "title": "Left Foot, Right Foot" }, { "idx": 15, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "The Garry Moore Show is the name for several separate American variety series on the CBS television network in the 1950s and 1960s. Hosted by experienced radio performer Garry Moore, the series helped launch the careers of many comedic talents, such as Dorothy Loudon, Don Adams, George Gobel, Carol Burnett, Don Knotts, Lee Goodman, James Kirkwood, Jr., and Jonathan Winters. \"The Garry Moore Show\" garnered a number of Emmy nominations and wins.", "title": "The Garry Moore Show" }, { "idx": 16, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Happiness Finally Came to Them is a studio album by Ralph Carney, Daved Hild and Kramer, released in 1987 through Shimmy Disc. It was the first album to be issued under any of the three musicians' names, serving as both Carney's and Kramer's launching point for their respective solo careers. Although most of the songs are credited to all three musicians, Hild served as the album's primary songwriter and lyricist.", "title": "Happiness Finally Came to Them" }, { "idx": 17, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Unbehagen is the second studio album by Nina Hagen Band released in 1979 by CBS Records. It is the last album released by the band, before Nina Hagen decided to pursue a solo career. The band kept on performing under the name Spliff.", "title": "Unbehagen" }, { "idx": 18, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Take-Offs and Put-Ons is the second album and first solo album by American comedian George Carlin. Recorded in Detroit, Michigan at the Roostertail on November 25, 26 and 27, 1966, the album was first released in 1967 as RCA Victor LSP-3772 and was nominated for a Grammy award later that year. Many of the routines and characters were already familiar to audiences due to the comedian's performances on television programs such as \"The Mike Douglas Show\" and \"The Merv Griffin Show\". The album was re-released in 1972 with different cover art on the budget-priced RCA Camden label (CAS-2566), and as a compact disc on February 18, 1997, on the One Way Records label. An edit of \"Wonderful WINO\" was released as a single (with \"Al Sleet, Your Hippy Dippy Weatherman\" on the b-side, edited from \"The Newscast\").", "title": "Take-Offs and Put-Ons" }, { "idx": 19, "is_supporting": false, "paragraph_text": "Stridulum is the sixth release and second EP by Zola Jesus, released on March 9, 2010 by Sacred Bones Records. It was expanded into the full-length album \"Stridulum II\", released later in 2010.", "title": "Stridulum (EP)" } ]	Who helped launch the career of the performer with the album Jesus, Take the Wheel?	American Idol	[]	Title: Jesus, Take the Wheel Passage: "Jesus, Take the Wheel" is a song written by Brett James, Hillary Lindsey and Gordie Sampson, and recorded by American country music artist Carrie Underwood. It was released in October 2005 as the first single from Underwood's debut album "Some Hearts". The ballad tells of a woman seeking help from Jesus in an emergency, ultimately letting Jesus take control of her life. Title: Justin Bieber Passage: On August 17, 2017, Bieber released the single ``Friends ''with American record producer and songwriter BloodPop. Songwriters Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter reunited with Bieber to construct the song, just as they helped create his single`` Sorry'' in 2015 on his studio album Purpose. Bieber did not attend the 2018 Grammy Awards Show to perform the nominated song ``Despacito '', claiming that he would not make any award show appearances until his next album was finished. Title: Left Foot, Right Foot Passage: Left Foot, Right Foot is the second album by Australian hip hop group Hilltop Hoods. It was released in 2001. To promote the album the group performed six or seven shows over a few months. Title: 7th Magnitude Passage: 7th Magnitude has been instrumental in launching the career of Orelsan, with Skread producing and releasing "Perdu d'avance" and the hugely successful "Le chant des sirènes", which is certified platinum in France. The label has also released Nessbeal's "NE2S" and "Sélection naturelle", as well as singer Isleym's debut studio album "Où ça nous mène". Title: Taking Heaven By Storm Passage: Taking Heaven By Storm is a Contemporary Christian Music album by Steve Camp and was released by Warner Alliance in 1993, serving as Camp's debut with that label. This album is best known for the title track. This is the first non-compilation album to feature a recording of an earlier song, which Camp would do with some of his albums near the end of his recording career. Here, the song was "It's a Dying World"; from the 1984 Word release of the same name. Title: American Idol Passage: As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability.	[ "American Idol", "Jesus, Take the Wheel" ]

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