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When did public health begin in the country where the organization behind the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is headquartered?	1798	[]	Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Passage: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its 3rd session on 10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did n't vote. Title: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Passage: The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen Painting of the Declaration, painted by Jean - Jacques - François Le Barbier Author General Lafayette, (sometimes with Thomas Jefferson) and Honoré Mirabeau. Country Kingdom of France Language French Genre Human rights, declaration and document. Publisher National Constituent Assembly Publication date 27 August 1789 Title: Headquarters of the United Nations Passage: The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. Title: United States Public Health Service Passage: The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service (PHS), founded in 1798, as the primary division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW; which was established in 1953), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services in 1979 -- 1980 (when the Education agencies were separated into their own U.S. Department of Education). The Office of the Surgeon General was created in 1871. The PHS comprises all Agency Divisions of Health and Human Services and the Commissioned Corps. The Assistant Secretary for Health (ASH) oversees the PHS and the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. Title: History of human rights Passage: While belief in the sanctity of human life has ancient precedents in many religions of the world, the idea of modern human rights began during the era of renaissance humanism in the early modern period. The European wars of religion and the civil wars of seventeenth - century England gave rise to the philosophy of liberalism and belief in human rights became a central concern of European intellectual culture during the eighteenth - century Age of Enlightenment. These ideas of human rights lay at the core of the American and French Revolutions which occurred toward the end of that century. Democratic evolution through the nineteenth century paved the way for the advent of universal suffrage in the twentieth century. Two world wars led to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Title: Makerere University College of Health Sciences Passage: Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) is a constituent college of Makerere University, Uganda's oldest university. The schools of the college offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the biomedical sciences, health sciences, human medicine and public health, covering a broad range of disciplines and specialties. Title: Katarina Tomasevski Passage: Katarina Tomasevski (8 February 1953 – 4 October 2006) was, from 1998 to 2004, the first United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to education of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. She was born in Yugoslavia, studied law at the University of Zagreb and at Harvard University. She wrote more than 200 articles and taught at many universities, including University of Lund, Harvard School of Public Health, the London School of Economics, the UN University and Peking University. Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Passage: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Eleanor Roosevelt with the Spanish language version of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Created 1948 Ratified 10 December 1948 Location Palais de Chaillot, Paris Author (s) Draft Committee Purpose Human rights Title: Miami Dolphins Training Facility Passage: The Baptist Health Training Facility at Nova Southeastern University, formerly the Miami Dolphins Training Facility, is located on the Nova Southeastern University main campus in Davie, Florida. It is the headquarters location for the Miami Dolphins, as well as a location for frequent special events. Title: Universal Declaration of Human Rights Passage: The Declaration consists of thirty articles affirming an individual's rights which, although not legally binding in themselves, have been elaborated in subsequent international treaties, economic transfers, regional human rights instruments, national constitutions, and other laws. The Declaration was the first step in the process of formulating the International Bill of Human Rights, which was completed in 1966, and came into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them. Title: Eritrea Passage: In an attempt at reform, Eritrean government officials and NGO representatives have participated in numerous public meetings and dialogues. In these sessions they have answered questions as fundamental as, "What are human rights?", "Who determines what are human rights?", and "What should take precedence, human or communal rights?" In 2007, the Eritrean government also banned female genital mutilation. In Regional Assemblies and religious circles, Eritreans themselves speak out continuously against the use of female circumcision. They cite health concerns and individual freedom as being of primary concern when they say this. Furthermore, they implore rural peoples to cast away this ancient cultural practice. Additionally, a new movement called Citizens for Democratic Rights in Eritrea aimed at bringing about dialogue between the government and opposition was formed in early 2009. The group consists of ordinary citizens and some people close to the government. Title: University of Michigan School of Public Health Passage: According to the US News & World Report's report on graduate programs, the University of Michigan School of Public Health was ranked as the # 4 School of Public Health in the country and also had the # 1 Healthcare Management program in the country in 2011.	[ "Headquarters of the United Nations", "United States Public Health Service", "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" ]
What is the record label of the artist responsible for My Heart Has a History?	Reprise Records	[]	Title: Calm Before the Storm (Paul Brandt album) Passage: Calm Before the Storm is the debut album of Canadian country music artist Paul Brandt, released in 1996 on Reprise Records. The album has been certified 3× Platinum by the CRIA and gold by the RIAA, and it is his most successful album in the United States. Its four singles — "My Heart Has a History", "I Do", "I Meant to Do That", and "Take It from Me" — were all Number One hits on the Canadian "RPM" Country Tracks charts. All four singles were Top 40 hits on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, where they reached #5, #2, #39, and #38, respectively. Title: Kitty Wells albums discography Passage: The albums discography of Kitty Wells, an American country artist, consists of thirty-six studio albums, eleven compilation albums, and one box set. Wells' first album release was 1956's "Country Hit Parade" on Decca Records, which compiled her hits during her first four years of recording for the label. Prior to its release, many labels were reluctant to release albums by female country artists until Wells became the first female vocalist to sell records. Following its release, Wells and her label issued three studio albums during the 1950s: "Winner of Your Heart" (1957), "Lonely Street" (1958), and "Dust on the Bible" (1959). After the success of Wells' number one single "Heartbreak U.S.A." in 1961, an album of the same name was released the same year. Title: Time Don't Run Out on Me Passage: "Time Don't Run Out on Me" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King, and recorded by Canadian country music artist Anne Murray. It was released in January 1985 as the second single from the Gold-selling album "Heart Over Mind". Title: Fast Lanes and Country Roads Passage: "Fast Lanes and Country Roads" is a song written by Roger Murrah and Steve Dean, and recorded by American country music artist Barbara Mandrell. It was released in November 1985 as the second single from the album "Get to the Heart". The song reached number 4 on the "Billboard" hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Title: Cover on My Heart Passage: "Cover on My Heart" is a pop ballad performed by Guy Sebastian and is the third single from his third album "Closer to the Sun". Sebastian announced that this song was the album's third single in April 2007. The single was released on 28 July 2007 in Australia, set by his record label Sony BMG Australia. Sebastian performed the song on various programmes such as "Sunrise" and "Rove Live". Title: The Last Thing on My Mind (Patty Loveless song) Passage: "The Last Thing on My Mind" is a song written by Al Anderson and Craig Wiseman, and recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless. The song was released in December 2000 as the second single from her album "Strong Heart". Rebecca Lynn Howard and Ricky Skaggs join her in background harmony on the song. Title: Heart Healer Passage: "Heart Healer" is a song written by John Greenebaum and Tomas Gmeiner, and recorded by American country music artist Mel Tillis. It was released in December 1976 as the first single and title track from the album "Heart Healer". The song was Mel Tillis' third number one on the country chart. The single stayed at number one for one week and spent a total of nine weeks on the country chart. Title: My Heart Has a History Passage: "My Heart Has a History" is a debut song co-written and recorded by Canadian country music artist Paul Brandt. It was released in March 1996 as the first single from his debut album "Calm Before the Storm". It peaked at #5 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, while it was a Number One on the now-defunct "RPM" Canadian Singles Chart. The song was written by Brandt and Mark D. Sanders. Title: The Heart That You Own Passage: "The Heart That You Own" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dwight Yoakam. It was released in April 1992 as the fifth single from his album "If There Was a Way". This song peaked at number 18 in the United States and at number 13 in Canada. Title: Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain Passage: ``Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain ''is a song written by songwriter Fred Rose. Originally performed by Roy Acuff, the song has been covered by many artist; such as Hank Williams Sr. and Charlie Pride. Also the song was later recorded by Willie Nelson as part of his 1975 album Red Headed Stranger. Both the song and album would become iconic in country music history, and jump start Nelson's success as a singer and recording artist. Title: God Must Be a Cowboy Passage: "God Must Be a Cowboy" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Dan Seals. It was released in January 1984 as the fourth and final single from his album "Rebel Heart". It was also his first top 10 hit, reaching #10. It is also the album's most successful single. Title: The Blue Rose of Texas Passage: The Blue Rose of Texas is the country music artist Holly Dunn's fourth album, and the first with the Warner Bros. Records label. A single from this album, "Are You Ever Gonna Love Me", was her first number 1 Billboard country single. Another major hit from the album was the fourth track, "There Goes My Heart Again". Dolly Parton provides supporting vocals on her own "Most of All, Why" and Joe Diffie provides backing vocals on "There Goes My Heart Again" a song he had a part in writing. Dunn co-produced the album with her brother, Chris Waters.	[ "Calm Before the Storm (Paul Brandt album)", "My Heart Has a History" ]
What is the current official currency in the country of citizenship of Nilmaris Santini?	United States dollar	[ "$" ]	Title: Nilmaris Santini Passage: Nilmaris "Nilmari" Santini Martin (May 25, 1959 – March 25, 2006) was a female judoka from Puerto Rico. She competed for her native country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, where she was defeated in the second round of the repêchage. Title: History of Puerto Rico Passage: After the ratification of the Treaty of Paris of 1898, Puerto Rico came under the military control of the United States of America. This brought about significant changes: the name of the island was changed to Porto Rico (it was changed back to Puerto Rico in 1932) and the currency was changed from the Puerto Rican peso to the United States dollar. Freedom of assembly, speech, press, and religion were decreed and an eight-hour day for government employees was established. A public school system was begun and the U.S. Postal service was extended to the island. The highway system was enlarged, and bridges over the more important rivers were constructed. The government lottery was abolished, cockfighting was forbidden, and a centralized public health service established. Health conditions were poor at the time, with high rates of infant mortality and numerous endemic diseases. Title: Gold standard Passage: This was meant to be a temporary measure, with the gold price of the dollar and the official rate of exchanges remaining constant. Revaluing currencies was the main purpose of this plan. No official revaluation or redemption occurred. The dollar subsequently floated. In December 1971, the ``Smithsonian Agreement ''was reached. In this agreement, the dollar was devalued from $35 per troy ounce of gold to $38. Other countries' currencies appreciated. However, gold convertibility did not resume. In October 1973, the price was raised to $42.22. Once again, the devaluation was insufficient. Within two weeks of the second devaluation the dollar was left to float. The $42.22 par value was made official in September 1973, long after it had been abandoned in practice. In October 1976, the government officially changed the definition of the dollar; references to gold were removed from statutes. From this point, the international monetary system was made of pure fiat money.	[ "History of Puerto Rico", "Nilmaris Santini" ]
When did the military branch Vernon Erskine-Crum served in start wearing khaki?	early 1900s	[]	Title: I Start Counting Passage: I Start Counting is a British thriller film released in 1970, directed by David Greene and starring Jenny Agutter in one of her first major roles. It was based on the 1966 novel of the same name by Audrey Erskine Lindop. Title: Vernon Erskine-Crum Passage: Lieutenant-General Vernon Forbes Erskine-Crum, CIE, MC (11 December 1918 – 17 March 1971) was a British Army officer, who briefly served as General Officer Commanding in Northern Ireland during the early period of the Troubles. Title: Samurai Passage: In the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well as a residence in the castle town of Wakamatsu, a Japanese wife, and retainers. In many contemporary references, he is portrayed wearing a Japanese kimono, overcoat, and swords, with Western riding trousers and boots. Title: Love in an Elevator Passage: The video for the song, considered by many to be a definitive music video for Aerosmith, starts off with the band walking up to a department store elevator, and an attractive woman (Brandi Brandt) says ``2nd floor... hardware, children's wear, lady's lingerie. Oh, good morning Mr. Tyler, going down? ''Steven Tyler enters the elevator and the song starts. Title: Uniforms of the United States Navy Passage: The Navy first authorized a khaki uniform in 1913 as a practical garment for early naval aviators; they were given permission to wear Marine Corps khaki uniforms with naval insignia, when flying or working on aircraft. Khakis were authorized aboard submarines in 1931 and as a working uniform on all ships ten years later. Title: Mickey Vernon Passage: Mickey Vernon was born in Marcus Hook, Pennsylvania, and attended Villanova University, before making his major league debut on July 8, 1939. He was the father of Gay Vernon. Title: Vernon, Arizona Passage: Vernon is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Apache County, Arizona, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 122. Vernon is east of Show Low. Vernon has a post office with ZIP code 85940. Title: Vernon Wells (actor) Passage: Vernon George Wells (born 31 December 1945) is an Australian actor. He began appearing on Australian television shows in the mid-1970s, such as Homicide and Matlock Police and All The Rivers Run. He is best known to international audiences for his role of Wez in the 1981 science fiction action film Mad Max 2: The Road Warrior and Bennett in the military action film Commando. Title: Leslie C. Aiello Passage: Leslie Crum Aiello (born May 26, 1946 in Pasadena, California) is an American paleoanthropologist and professor emeritus of the University College London. She has been the President of Axel Lennart Wenner-Gren donated Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research from 2005 to 2017. In 2014 Dr. Aiello was elected to the American Philosophical Society. She is currently President of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists. Title: Service Dress (British Army) Passage: Service Dress was the new style of khaki service dress uniform introduced by the British Army for use in the field from the early 1900s, following the experiences of a number of imperial wars and conflicts, including the Second Boer War. This variant of uniform continues to be worn today, although only in a formal role, as No. 2 Pattern dress. Title: United States Air Force Passage: The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support. Title: United States Air Force Passage: The USAF is the only branch of the U.S. military where NCO status is achieved when an enlisted person reaches the pay grade of E-5. In all other branches, NCO status is generally achieved at the pay grade of E-4 (e.g., a Corporal in the Army and Marine Corps, Petty Officer Third Class in the Navy and Coast Guard). The Air Force mirrored the Army from 1976 to 1991 with an E-4 being either a Senior Airman wearing three stripes without a star or a Sergeant (referred to as "Buck Sergeant"), which was noted by the presence of the central star and considered an NCO. Despite not being an NCO, a Senior Airman who has completed Airman Leadership School can be a supervisor according to the AFI 36-2618.	[ "Service Dress (British Army)", "Vernon Erskine-Crum" ]
Where were the free people of color located in 1860 in the US state bordering to the east the death state of the performer of Hello Love?	eastern coastal plain	[]	Title: Hank Snow Passage: Snow moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1949, and "Hank Snow, the Singing Ranger" (modified from his earlier nickname, the Yodeling Ranger), began recording for RCA Victor in the United States in 1949. His first release in the United States, "Marriage Vow" climbed to number ten on the country charts in the fall of 1949; However, it wasn't until he was invited to play at the Grand Ole Opry in 1950 that he gained serious significance in the United States. His second release in early 1950, "I'm Moving On" was the first of seven number 1 hits on the country charts. "I'm Moving On" stayed at the top for 21 weeks, setting the all-time record for most weeks at number 1. Title: North Carolina Passage: While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans. They lived and worked chiefly on plantations in the eastern Tidewater. In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state. They were also concentrated in the eastern coastal plain, especially at port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where a variety of jobs were available. Free African Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state revoked their suffrage in restrictions following the slave rebellion of 1831 led by Nat Turner. Southern slave codes criminalized willful killing of a slave in most cases. Title: Hello Love (song) Passage: "Hello Love" is a 1974 single by Hank Snow. "Hello Love" was Snow's seventh and final number one on the U.S. country singles chart, and his first number one in twelve years. The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of ten weeks on the chart. Title: Tennessee Passage: Tennessee (i/tɛnᵻˈsiː/) (Cherokee: ᏔᎾᏏ, Tanasi) is a state located in the southeastern United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 601,222. Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 653,450.	[ "North Carolina", "Tennessee", "Hank Snow", "Hello Love (song)" ]
Winslow Township's county shares a border with which other county?	Indiana County	[]	Title: Punxsutawney Area School District Passage: Punxsutawney Area School District is a midsized, rural/suburban public school district located in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania and Indiana County, Pennsylvania. Punxsutawney Area School District encompasses approximately . In Indiana County, Canoe, Banks, and North Mahoning Townships are part of district boundaries. Punxsutawney, Worthville, Big Run, and Timblin are Jefferson County boroughs that are served. The townships of Bell, Gaskill, Young, Perry, Porter, Ringgold, Olver, McCalmont, and Henderson are also part of the district. According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 22,055 people. According to District officials, in school year 2007-08, Punxsutawney Area School District provided basic educational services to 2,589 pupils. Punxsutawney Area School District employed: 213 teachers, 203 full-time and part-time support personnel, and 14 administrators. Punxsutawney Area School District received more than $21.1 million in state funding in school year 2007-08. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: Winslow Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania Passage: Winslow Township is a township in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,622 at the 2010 census. It was named for Associate Judge James Winslow. Title: Minsk Voivodeship Passage: Minsk Voivodeship (, , ) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1566 and later in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, until the partitions of the Commonwealth in 1793. Centred on the city of Minsk and subordinate to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the region continued the traditions – and shared the borders – of several previously existing units of administrative division, notably a separate Duchy of Minsk, annexed by Lithuania in the 13th century. It was replaced with Minsk Governorate in 1793. Title: Tatra County Passage: Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory. Title: Derwent, Ohio Passage: Derwent is an unincorporated community in central Valley Township, Guernsey County, Ohio, United States. It is located near the southern border of Guernsey and Noble counties. Title: Negaunee Township, Michigan Passage: Negaunee Township is a civil township of Marquette County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,707 at the 2000 census. The City of Negaunee is located at the southwest corner of the township, but is administratively autonomous. Title: Metamora Township, Woodford County, Illinois Passage: Metamora Township, Township 27 North, Range 2 West, is located in Woodford County, Illinois. It includes the town of Metamora, Illinois and is traversed by State Routes 89 and 116. State Route 117 runs along the southern part of its eastern border. Title: Kingdom of Gera Passage: The Kingdom of Gera (1835 – 1887) was one of the kingdoms in the Gibe region of Ethiopia that emerged in the late 19th century. It shared its northern border with the Kingdom of Gumma, its eastern border with the Kingdom of Gomma, and was separated from the Kingdom of Kaffa to the south by the Gojeb River. With its capital at Chala (Cira), the Gera kingdom's territory corresponds approximately with the modern woreda of Gera. Title: Rosedale, Camden Passage: Rosedale is a neighborhood in Camden, New Jersey. It is located on the border with Pennsauken Township and has a population of 1,807. Title: Parkway Pines, New Jersey Passage: Parkway Pines is an unincorporated community located along the border of Howell Township in Monmouth County and Brick Township in Ocean County, in New Jersey, United States. The Howell area of this community is called Ramtown. Title: Enterprise, Northwest Territories Passage: Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.	[ "Punxsutawney Area School District", "Winslow Township, Jefferson County, Pennsylvania" ]
What is the most common source of electricity in the state that encompasses Shellmouth Reservoir?	Manitoba Hydro	[]	Title: Manitoba Hydro Passage: Manitoba Hydro is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro - Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 15 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034. Title: Shellmouth Reservoir Passage: The Shellmouth Reservoir (also known as Lake of the Prairies) is a man-made reservoir on the Assiniboine River in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, Canada. Title: Mossyrock Dam Passage: Mossyrock Dam is a concrete arch-gravity dam on the Cowlitz River near Mossyrock in Lewis County, Washington. The reservoir created by the dam is called Riffe Lake and the primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric production while flood control is secondary. The dam is the tallest in Washington State and its hydroelectric power station supplies 40% of Tacoma Power's electricity.	[ "Manitoba Hydro", "Shellmouth Reservoir" ]
What department contains the village of Douré, in the country where the town of Kindi can also be found?	Zimtenga Department	[]	Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: Douré, Burkina Faso Passage: Douré, Burkina Faso is a village in the Zimtenga Department of Bam Province in northern-central Burkina Faso. It has a population of 466. Title: Kindi, Kindi Passage: Kindi is a town in the Kindi Department of Boulkiemdé Province in central western Burkina Faso. It is the capital of Kindi Department and has a population of 32,207.	[ "Douré, Burkina Faso", "Kindi, Kindi" ]
When was the last time the area known as The Land of the Morning Calm, was united?	in 1945	[]	Title: History of Korea Passage: After the end of WWII in 1945, the Allies divided the country into a northern area, protected by the Soviets, and a southern area protected primarily by the United States. In 1948, when the powers failed to agree on the formation of a single government, this partition became the modern states of North and South Korea. The peninsula was divided at the 38th Parallel: the ``Republic of Korea ''was created in the south, with the backing of the US and Western Europe, and the`` Democratic People's Republic of Korea'' in the north, with the backing of the Soviets and the communist People's Republic of China. The new premier of North Korea, Kim il - Sung launched the Korean War in 1950 in an attempt to reunify the country under Communist rule. After immense material and human destruction, the conflict ended with a cease - fire in 1953. The two nations officially remain at war because a peace treaty was never signed. Both states were accepted into the United Nations in 1991. Title: Names of Korea Passage: An early attempt to translate these characters into English gave rise to the expression ``The Land of the Morning Calm ''for Korea, which parallels the expression`` The Land of the Rising Sun'' for Japan. While the wording is fanciful, the essence of the translation is valid. Title: Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning Passage: "Last Thing I Needed First Thing This Morning" is a song written by Gary P. Nunn and Donna Farar, and recorded by American country music artist Willie Nelson. It was released in October 1982 as the third single from his album "Always on My Mind". The song reached number two on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart and number one on the "RPM" Country Tracks chart in Canada.	[ "Names of Korea", "History of Korea" ]
What is the science museum in the city where Guillermo Eizaguirre lives part of?	Spanish National Research Council	[ "CSIC" ]	Title: Guillermo Eizaguirre Passage: He was born in Seville and played for Sevilla FC from 1924 to 1936, and also had three caps for Spain from 1935 to 1936. He was later the manager of the Spain national football team from 1948 to 1956, and led the team in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. Title: Science Museum of Virginia Passage: The Science Museum of Virginia is a science museum located in Richmond, Virginia. Established in 1970, it is an agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is housed in the former Broad Street Station, built in 1917. Title: Boston Passage: Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several art museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. The Institute of Contemporary Art is housed in a contemporary building designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro in the Seaport District. The University of Massachusetts Boston campus on Columbia Point houses the John F. Kennedy Library. The Boston Athenaeum (one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States), Boston Children's Museum, Bull & Finch Pub (whose building is known from the television show Cheers), Museum of Science, and the New England Aquarium are within the city. Title: Idaho Museum of Natural History Passage: The Idaho Museum of Natural History (IMNH) is the official state natural history museum of Idaho, located on the campus of Idaho State University (ISU) in Pocatello. Founded in 1934, it has collections in anthropology, vertebrate paleontology, earth science, and the life sciences. Additionally, it contains an archive of documents and ethnographic photographs. Title: Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum Passage: The Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum () is a natural history and science museum in downtown Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 225 Frontenac Street in downtown Sherbrooke. Title: Montevideo Passage: The National History Museum of Montevideo is located in the historical residence of General Fructuoso Rivera. It exhibits artifacts related to the history of Uruguay. In a process begun in 1998, the National Museum of Natural History (1837) and the National Museum of Anthropology (1981), merged in 2001, becoming the National Museum of Natural History and Anthropology. In July 2009, the two institutions again became independent. The Historical Museum has annexed eight historical houses in the city, five of which are located in the Ciudad Vieja. One of them, on the same block with the main building, is the historic residence of Antonio Montero, which houses the Museo Romantico. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency Ciência Viva, a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium. Title: La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum Passage: Along with a museum, the building houses the Andalusian headquarters of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). CSIC is the largest public institution devoted to research in Spain, and the third largest in Europe. The building was opened to the public in 2008, with the goal of sharing knowledge acquired through scientific research. La Casa de la Ciencia aims to be a bridge between the scientific research community and the public, sharing contemporary scientific research and information on environmental issues. Title: Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology Passage: The Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology (often referred to as the MoST) is a science and technology museum located in the Armory Square neighborhood of Downtown Syracuse, New York. The Museum includes 35,000 square feet of exhibits, Science Shop, the only domed IMAX theater in New York State, and a planetarium. The MOST is located in the former Syracuse Armory. Title: Stamford Museum & Nature Center Passage: The Stamford Museum & Nature Center, located in Stamford, Connecticut, is an art, history, nature, and agricultural sciences museum. The property covers 118 acres (ca. 48 hectares) beginning about half a mile north of the Merritt Parkway. It was originally a private estate. Title: Lap Engine Passage: The Lap Engine is a beam engine designed by James Watt, built by Boulton and Watt in 1788. It is now preserved at the Science Museum, London. Title: The Shape of Water Passage: The Shape of Water Theatrical release poster Directed by Guillermo del Toro Produced by Guillermo del Toro J. Miles Dale Screenplay by Guillermo del Toro Vanessa Taylor Story by Guillermo del Toro Starring Sally Hawkins Michael Shannon Richard Jenkins Doug Jones Michael Stuhlbarg Octavia Spencer Music by Alexandre Desplat Cinematography Dan Laustsen Edited by Sidney Wolinsky Production companies TSG Entertainment Double Dare You Productions Distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures Release date August 31, 2017 (2017 - 08 - 31) (Venice) December 1, 2017 (2017 - 12 - 01) (United States) Running time 123 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $19.5 million Box office $192.9 million	[ "Guillermo Eizaguirre", "La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum" ]
Who was the U.S. President immediately following the conflict in which the HMS Riviera served?	Thomas Woodrow Wilson	[ "Woodrow Wilson" ]	Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen. Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent president becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office (by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate). The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of vice president, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as president are also ineligible to succeed the president by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen. Title: Woodrow Wilson Passage: Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 -- February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as ``Wilsonianism. ''He was one of the three key leaders at the 1919 Paris Peace Conference, where he championed a new League of Nations, but he was unable to win Senate approval for U.S. participation in the League. Title: HMS Riviera Passage: HMS "Riviera" was a seaplane tender which served in the Royal Navy (RN) during the First and Second World Wars. Converted from the cross-Channel packet ship SS "Riviera", she was initially fitted with temporary hangars for three seaplanes for aerial reconnaissance and bombing missions in the North Sea. She participated in the unsuccessful Cuxhaven Raid in late 1914 before she began a more thorough conversion in 1915 that increased her capacity to four aircraft. Riviera and her aircraft then spent several years spotting for British warship bombarding the Belgian coast and making unsuccessful attacks on targets in Germany. She was transferred to the Mediterranean in 1918 and returned to her owners the following year. Title: 2004 Haitian coup d'état Passage: The 2004 Haitian coup d'état occurred after conflicts lasting for several weeks in Haiti during February 2004. It resulted in the removal from office of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide preventing him from finishing his second term, and he left Haiti on a United States (U.S.) plane accompanied by U.S. military/security personnel. Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States, which currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State. Those heads of departments who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen. Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: The Presidential Succession Act of 1792 was the first succession law passed by Congress. The act was contentious because the Federalists did not want the then Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, who had become the leader of the Democratic - Republicans, to follow the Vice President in the succession. There were also separation of powers concerns over including the Chief Justice of the United States in the line. The compromise they worked out established the President pro tempore of the Senate as next in line after the Vice President, followed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives. Title: USS Mason (DD-191) Passage: USS "Mason" (DD-191) was a in the United States Navy during World War II. She was later transferred to the Royal Navy as HMS "Broadwater" (H81). Title: Eurico Gaspar Dutra Passage: Eurico Gaspar Dutra (; May 18, 1883 – June 11, 1974) was a Brazilian military leader and politician who served as 16th President of Brazil from 1946 to 1951. He was the first President of the Second Brazilian Republic which immediately followed the Vargas Regime. Title: Rebel Spirit Passage: "Rebel Spirit" is the first episode of the second season of the American animated television series "The Legend of Korra". It originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States on September 13, 2013, immediately followed by the second episode, "The Southern Lights". Title: United States presidential line of succession Passage: The United States presidential line of succession is the order in which persons may become or act as President of the United States if the incumbent President becomes incapacitated, dies, resigns, or is removed from office. (A President can be removed from office by impeachment by the House of Representatives and subsequent conviction by the Senate.) The line of succession is set by the United States Constitution and the Presidential Succession Act of 1947 as subsequently amended to include newly created cabinet offices. The succession follows the order of Vice President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and then the heads of federal executive departments who form the Cabinet of the United States. The Cabinet currently has fifteen members, beginning with the Secretary of State, and followed by the rest in the order of their positions' creation. Those heads of department who are ineligible to act as President are also ineligible to succeed the President by succession, for example most commonly if they are not a natural - born U.S. citizen. Title: James Buchanan Passage: James Buchanan Jr. (/ bjuːˈkænən /; April 23, 1791 -- June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857 -- 61), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. Historians fault him for his failure to address the issue of slavery, bringing the nation to the brink of the Civil War. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the 17th United States Secretary of State and had served in the Senate and House of Representatives before becoming president.	[ "HMS Riviera", "Woodrow Wilson" ]
What is the population of the city where Religare is headquartered?	249,998	[]	Title: Paldi Passage: Paldi is an affluent area located in South Western Ahmedabad, India. Corporate offices and city centres of many national and international companies like ICICI Bank, Royal Bank of Scotland, Religare, Claris, Wagh Bakri Tea Group, Gujarat Gas are located within Paldi. It accommodates Sanskar Kendra museum by the renowned architect Le Corbusier as well as Tagore Memorial Hall. The National Institute of Design is located in Paldi. Title: Religare Passage: Religare Enterprises Limited (REL) is the holding company for one of India's leading diversified financial services groups, headquartered in New Delhi, India. It offers an integrated suite of financial services through its underlying subsidiaries and operating entities, includes Loans to Small and Medium Enterprises (SME)'s, Affordable Housing Finance, Retail Broking and Health Insurance. REL is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) in India. Title: Karl-Liebknecht-Haus Passage: The Karl-Liebknecht-Haus or "Karl Liebknecht House" is the headquarters of the Party "The Left" in Germany. It is located between the Alexanderplatz and Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz in Berlin-Mitte. Title: Ifedore Passage: Ifedore is a Local Government Area in Ondo State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Igbara-Oke. Elizade University is located in the area. Title: Big Pine, California Passage: Big Pine (formerly, Bigpine) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California, United States. Big Pine is located approximately south-southeast of Bishop, at an elevation of . The population was 1,756 at the 2010 census, up from 1,350 at the 2000 census. The Big Pine Band of Owens Valley Paiute Shoshone Indians of the Big Pine Reservation operates their tribal headquarters from here. Title: Minakulu Passage: Minakulu is one of the sub-counties forming Oyam District in Northern Uganda. It is located west of Oyam town and south of Gulu town, about 20 kilometres from Oyam district headquarters and 32 kilometres from Gulu district headquarters. Title: Miami Dolphins Training Facility Passage: The Baptist Health Training Facility at Nova Southeastern University, formerly the Miami Dolphins Training Facility, is located on the Nova Southeastern University main campus in Davie, Florida. It is the headquarters location for the Miami Dolphins, as well as a location for frequent special events. Title: Dang District, India Passage: Dang (Listen ) is a district in the state of Gujarat in India. The administrative headquarters of the district are located in Ahwa. Dang has an area of 1,764 km² and a population of 226,769 (as of 2011).As of 2011 it is the least populous district of Gujarat (out of 33). As per the Planning Commission, Dang is one of the most economically distressed district out of 640 districts in India. The main language spoken in this district is Konkani and 98% of the population belongs to one of the scheduled tribes.The five Kings of Dangs are the only hereditary royals in India whose titles are currently recognized by the government owing to an agreement made during the British Raj in 1842. Title: Tennessee Passage: Tennessee is home to several Protestant denominations, such as the National Baptist Convention (headquartered in Nashville); the Church of God in Christ and the Cumberland Presbyterian Church (both headquartered in Memphis); the Church of God and The Church of God of Prophecy (both headquartered in Cleveland). The Free Will Baptist denomination is headquartered in Antioch; its main Bible college is in Nashville. The Southern Baptist Convention maintains its general headquarters in Nashville. Publishing houses of several denominations are located in Nashville. Title: Fort Totten, North Dakota Passage: Fort Totten is a census-designated place (CDP) in Benson County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 1,243 at the 2010 census. Fort Totten is located within the Spirit Lake Reservation and is the site of tribal headquarters. The reservation has a total population estimated at 6,000. Although not formally incorporated as a city, Fort Totten has the largest population of any community in Benson County. Title: New Delhi Passage: New Delhi has a population of 249,998. Hindi and Punjabi are the most widely spoken languages in New Delhi and the lingua franca of the city. English is primarily used as the formal language by business and government institutes. New Delhi has a literacy rate of 89.38% according to 2011 census, which is highest in Delhi. Title: Kiunga, Kenya Passage: Kiunga is a division in the Lamu District of Coast Province located close to the Indian Ocean coast of northern Kenya, and only 15 kilometres to the border with Somalia. A major marine conservation area, the Kiunga Marine National Reserve has its headquarters at Kiunga. The reserve is an important habitat for mangrove, turtles, and many species of birds. Total population of the division is 3310 (1999 census ).	[ "Religare", "New Delhi" ]
The business publishing Vertical Force relied primarily on what for its support?	first-party games	[]	Title: Supportive Care in Cancer Passage: Supportive Care in Cancer is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on cancer care. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer. Title: Vertical Force Passage: Vertical Force is a vertically scrolling shooter, with two layers (to utilize the 3-D features of the system) for Nintendo's Virtual Boy video game system. It was developed by Hudson Soft and released in 1995. Title: Elevator Passage: The hydraulic crane was invented by Sir William Armstrong in 1846, primarily for use at the Tyneside docks for loading cargo. These quickly supplanted the earlier steam driven elevators: exploiting Pascal's law, they provided a much greater force. A water pump supplied a variable level of water pressure to a plunger encased inside a vertical cylinder, allowing the level of the platform (carrying a heavy load) to be raised and lowered. Counterweights and balances were also used to increase the lifting power of the apparatus. Title: New media Passage: Until the 1980s media relied primarily upon print and analog broadcast models, such as those of television and radio. The last twenty - five years have seen the rapid transformation into media which are predicated upon the use of digital technologies, such as the Internet and video games. However, these examples are only a small representation of new media. The use of digital computers has transformed the remaining 'old' media, as suggested by the advent of digital television and online publications. Even traditional media forms such as the printing press have been transformed through the application of technologies such as image manipulation software like Adobe Photoshop and desktop publishing tools. Title: Battle of Palermo Passage: The naval Battle of Palermo took place on 2 June 1676 during the Franco-Dutch War, between a French force sent to support a revolt in the city of Messina against the Spanish rule in Sicily, and a Spanish force supported by a Dutch maritime expedition force. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: In the longer run, however, with the NES near its end of its life many third-party publishers such as Electronic Arts supported upstart competing consoles with less strict licensing terms such as the Sega Genesis and then the PlayStation, which eroded and then took over Nintendo's dominance in the home console market, respectively. Consoles from Nintendo's rivals in the post-SNES era had always enjoyed much stronger third-party support than Nintendo, which relied more heavily on first-party games. Title: Mars Matrix: Hyper Solid Shooting Passage: Mars Matrix: Hyper Solid Shooting, or simply , is a vertical scrolling shooter arcade game developed by Takumi in 2000. The game was published by Capcom and run on their CPS-2 arcade system board. "Mars Matrix" was later ported to the Dreamcast video game console in 2001. The arcade version is notable for using a horizontally aligned monitor (much like "Giga Wing"), something that is considered rare for a vertical shooter. Title: Harvard Business School Passage: Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers a large full-time MBA program, doctoral programs, HBS Online and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, online management tools for corporate learning, case studies and the monthly "Harvard Business Review". It is home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center. Title: First Indochina War Passage: Then the U.S. government gradually began supporting the French in their war effort, primarily through the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, as a means of stabilizing the French Fourth Republic in which the French Communist Party was a significant political force. A dramatic shift occurred in American policy after the victory of Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme. Title: United States Air Force Passage: "Chopped" units are referred to as forces. The top-level structure of these forces is the Air and Space Expeditionary Task Force (AETF). The AETF is the Air Force presentation of forces to a CCDR for the employment of Air Power. Each CCDR is supported by a standing Component Numbered Air Force (C-NAF) to provide planning and execution of aerospace forces in support of CCDR requirements. Each C-NAF consists of a Commander, Air Force Forces (COMAFFOR) and AFFOR/A-staff, and an Air Operations Center (AOC). As needed to support multiple Joint Force Commanders (JFC) in the COCOM's Area of Responsibility (AOR), the C-NAF may deploy Air Component Coordinate Elements (ACCE) to liaise with the JFC. If the Air Force possesses the preponderance of air forces in a JFC's area of operations, the COMAFFOR will also serve as the Joint Forces Air Component Commander (JFACC). Title: Annals of Operations Research Passage: Annals of Operations Research is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It was previously published by Baltzer Science Publishers. Title: Buganda Agreement (1900) Passage: The agreement was signed by Buganda's Katikiro Sir Apolo Kagwa, on the behalf of the Kabaka (Daudi Chwa) who was at that time an infant, and Sir Harry Johnston on the behalf of the British colonial government. The agreement solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client - chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the Bakungu chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, There are their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Uganda capital) was close to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and have less need for military or administrative support.	[ "Vertical Force", "Nintendo Entertainment System" ]
Crawford House in the birth city of the performer of Jyothi and the first US state having compulsory education is type of what?	hotels	[ "Hotel", "hotel" ]	Title: Private school Passage: Private schooling in the United States has been debated by educators, lawmakers and parents, since the beginnings of compulsory education in Massachusetts in 1852. The Supreme Court precedent appears to favor educational choice, so long as states may set standards for educational accomplishment. Some of the most relevant Supreme Court case law on this is as follows: Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160 (1976); Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972); Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925); Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390 (1923). Title: Crawford House (Boston, Massachusetts) Passage: The Crawford House was a hotel and restaurant in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. Located on Court and Brattle Streets in Scollay Square, it was in operation during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and was for a time among the leading hotels in the city. The building was demolished in 1962 as part of the Government Center project. Title: Jyothi (album) Passage: Jyothi is an album by American jazz alto saxophonist Charlie Mariano and The Karnataka College of Percussion featuring R. A. Ramamani recorded in 1983 and released on the ECM label. Title: Joe Gordon (musician) Passage: His first professional gigs were in Boston in 1947; he played with Georgie Auld, Charlie Mariano, Lionel Hampton, Charlie Parker (1953–55 intermittently), Art Blakey (1954), and Don Redman.	[ "Crawford House (Boston, Massachusetts)", "Private school", "Joe Gordon (musician)", "Jyothi (album)" ]
What province contains the city where the aircraft manufacturer Antara was formed?	Odessa Oblast	[]	Title: Moldavanka Passage: Moldavanka is a historical part of Odessa in the Odessa Oblast (province) of southern Ukraine, located jointly on Malinovskiy and Primorskiy city districts. Before 1820 a settlement just outside Odessa which later engulfed it. Until the 20th century the neighborhood was considered a low-income/high-crime part of the town and was famous for its workers' shacks. Title: Anatra Passage: Anatra was an aircraft manufacturer founded by Artur Antonovich Anatra at Odessa, Ukraine, then Russian Empire in 1913 which manufactured several light aircraft designs from then to 1917. Title: WKKO Passage: WKKO is a commercial FM radio station in Toledo, Ohio broadcasting on 99.9 MHz with a country music format. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in Toledo, and its transmitter is located in Harbor View, Ohio.	[ "Anatra", "Moldavanka" ]
Who is the finance minister of the state where the Ajanta and Ellora caves are located?	Sudhir Mungantiwar	[]	Title: Pon Radhakrishnan Passage: Pon Radhakrishnan (born 1 March 1952) is an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was the Minister of State in the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Shipping between May 2014 and May 2019. Earlier, he served in the Union Minister of State for Road Transport & Highways in the NDA government. He has served as the minister of state for Youth affairs and Minister of State in the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation in Third Vajpayee Ministry. He is elected to Lok Sabha from Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu in 2014. However he lost in the recent 2019 parliamentary elections. Title: Abdessalam Jalloud Passage: Abdessalam Jalloud () (born 15 December 1944) was Prime Minister of Libya from 16 July 1972 to 2 March 1977, during the government of Muammar Gaddafi. He was also Minister of Finance from 1970 until 1972. Title: François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca Passage: François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca (27 June 1796 – 24 May 1881) was a French aristocrat, lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Minister of Finance and then Title: David Mwiraria Passage: David (Daudi) Mwiraria (3 September 1938 – 13 April 2017) was the Minister for Environment and Natural Resources previously Finance Minister of Kenya until December 2007 when Kenya held its General Elections. Running for re election on a Party of National Unity ticket, defending his seat as Member of parliament for North Imenti Constituency, he was defeated by Silas Muriuki, who was running on a Mazingira Green Party of Kenya ticket. Title: Rushmore Cave Passage: Rushmore Cave is the closest show cave to Mount Rushmore National Memorial in the United States. It contains a wide variety of natural formations. It is the ninth longest cave in South Dakota. It measures a distance of . Title: Sudhir Mungantiwar Passage: Sudhir Mungantiwar (born July 30, 1962) is Indian politician from the state of Maharashtra, India. He currently serves as the Cabinet Minister of the Finance & Planning and Forests departments in the Government of Maharashtra, in office since October 2014. Previously, he was the Maharashtra State President for Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 2010 to 2013 and the Minister of Tourism and Consumer Protection in the Government of Maharashtra from 1995 to 1999. Title: Chauvet Cave Passage: The Chauvet-Pont-d'Arc Cave in the Ardèche department of southern France is a cave that contains some of the best-preserved figurative cave paintings in the world, as well as other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life. It is located near the commune of Vallon-Pont-d'Arc on a limestone cliff above the former bed of the Ardèche River, in the Gorges de l'Ardèche. Title: António Sebastião Spínola Passage: António Sebastião Spínola (Machico, Porto da Cruz, 13 July 1875 – Machico, Porto da Cruz, 19 March 1956) was an Inspector General of Finances and Chief of Cabinet of the Finance Minister Professor Oliveira Salazar and afterwards of Finance Minister Professor João Pinto da Costa Leite, 4th Conde de Lumbrales, Councilor and Administrator of the "Fundação da Casa de Bragança", etc. Title: Ajanta Caves Passage: With the Ellora Caves, Ajanta is one of the major tourist attractions of Maharashtra. It is about 59 kilometres (37 miles) from the city of Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India, 60 kilometres (37 miles) from Pachora, 104 kilometres (65 miles) from the city of Aurangabad, and 350 kilometres (220 miles) east - northeast from Mumbai. It is 100 kilometres (62 miles) from the Ellora Caves, which contain Hindu, Jain and Buddhist caves, the last dating from a period similar to Ajanta. The Ajanta style is also found in the Ellora Caves and other sites such as the Elephanta Caves, Aurangabad Caves, Shivleni Caves and the cave temples of Karnataka. Title: Jörg Asmussen Passage: Jörg Asmussen (born 31 October 1966) is a German economist and politician. He previously served as State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, as a member of the executive board of the European Central Bank (ECB) and as Deputy Finance Minister of Germany. Title: Hwanseon Cave Passage: Hwanseon Cave (환선굴) is a cave located in Gangwon province, South Korea. It is one of the largest limestone caves in Asia, and the biggest in Korea, with 6.2 km of known passages and a total suspected length of 8 km, 1.6 km of which are visited by over 1 million people per year. In 1966 the South Korea government designated this cave and a neighboring cave not open to the public, Gwaneum cave (관음굴), National Monument 178. Hwanseongul was opened to the public in 1997. Title: Per Stig Møller Passage: Per Stig Møller is the son of the former Finance Minister Poul Møller and journalist Lis Møller, who were both Members of Parliament.	[ "Sudhir Mungantiwar", "Ajanta Caves" ]
What is the population of Helaman Ferguson's birth city?	190,884	[]	Title: 1877 Open Championship Passage: Davie Strath and Bob Ferguson played together but Strath had a disappointing 45 in the first round which left him well behind the leaders. Ferguson also started badly but recovered to score 40. William Brown led on 39 with Ferguson and Jamie Anderson on 40. After two rounds, three players were level on 80: Brown, Ferguson and William Cosgrove with Anderson and Bob Pringle only two behind. Strath was five behind on 85. Title: Helaman Ferguson Passage: Helaman Rolfe Pratt Ferguson (born 1940 in Salt Lake City, Utah) is an American sculptor and a digital artist, specifically an algorist. He is also well known for his development of the PSLQ algorithm, an integer relation detection algorithm. Title: Salt Lake City Passage: Salt Lake City (often shortened to Salt Lake or SLC) is the capital and the most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Utah. With an estimated population of 190,884 in 2014, the city is the core of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,153,340 (2014 estimate). Salt Lake City is further situated within a larger metropolis known as the Salt Lake City - Ogden - Provo Combined Statistical Area. This region is a corridor of contiguous urban and suburban development stretched along an approximately 120 - mile (190 km) segment of the Wasatch Front, comprising a population of 2,423,912 as of 2014. It is one of only two major urban areas in the Great Basin (the other is Reno, Nevada).	[ "Salt Lake City", "Helaman Ferguson" ]
During WWII what strategy could have worked against the empire that, during the Crimean War, had promulgated a change of names of certain regions.	strangle British sea communications	[]	Title: Red Passage: But early in the 16th century, a brilliant new red appeared in Europe. When the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés and his soldiers conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519-1521, they discovered slowly that the Aztecs had another treasure beside silver and gold; they had the tiny cochineal, a parasitic scale insect which lived on cactus plants, which, when dried and crushed, made a magnificent red. The cochineal in Mexico was closely related to the Kermes varieties of Europe, but unlike European Kermes, it could be harvested several times a year, and it was ten times stronger than the Kermes of Poland. It worked particularly well on silk, satin and other luxury textiles. In 1523 Cortes sent the first shipment to Spain. Soon cochineal began to arrive in European ports aboard convoys of Spanish galleons. Title: Russian language Passage: Among the first to study Russian dialects was Lomonosov in the 18th century. In the 19th, Vladimir Dal compiled the first dictionary that included dialectal vocabulary. Detailed mapping of Russian dialects began at the turn of the 20th century. In modern times, the monumental Dialectological Atlas of the Russian Language (Диалектологический атлас русского языка [dʲɪɐˌlʲɛktəlɐˈɡʲitɕɪskʲɪj ˈatləs ˈruskəvə jɪzɨˈka]), was published in three folio volumes 1986–1989, after four decades of preparatory work. Title: Near East Passage: Until about 1855 the words near east and far east did not refer to any particular region. The far East, a phrase containing a noun, East, qualified by an adjective, far, could be at any location in the "far east" of the speaker's home territory. The Ottoman Empire, for example, was the far East as much as the East Indies. The Crimean War brought a change in vocabulary with the introduction of terms more familiar to the late 19th century. The Russian Empire had entered a more aggressive phase, becoming militarily active against the Ottoman Empire and also against China, with territorial aggrandizement explicitly in mind. Rethinking its policy the British government decided that the two polities under attack were necessary for the balance of power. It therefore undertook to oppose the Russians in both places, one result being the Crimean War. During that war the administration of the British Empire began promulgating a new vocabulary, giving specific regional meaning to "the Near East," the Ottoman Empire, and "the Far East," the East Indies. The two terms were now compound nouns often shown hyphenated. Title: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan Passage: The second Constituent Assembly reconstituted on May 28, 1955. The constitution was promulgated on March 23, 1956, and Pakistan became an Islamic republic. On October 7, 1958, martial law was imposed on the country. The new regime abrogated the constitution, declaring it unworkable. Title: Kate Valk Passage: Kate Valk is a founding member of The Wooster Group, a collective of artists who make new work for the theater. Kate Valk began her work with the group in 1979 while she was a student at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. Title: Szlachta Passage: In 1454 King Casimir IV granted the Nieszawa Statutes (Polish: "statuty cerkwicko-nieszawskie"), clarifying the legal basis of voivodship sejmiks (local parliaments). The king could promulgate new laws, raise taxes, or call for a levée en masse (pospolite ruszenie) only with the consent of the sejmiks, and the nobility were protected from judicial abuses. The Nieszawa Statutes also curbed the power of the magnates, as the Sejm (national parliament) received the right to elect many officials, including judges, voivods and castellans. These privileges were demanded by the szlachta as a compensation for their participation in the Thirteen Years' War. Title: .NET Framework Passage: Microsoft began developing .NET Framework in the late 1990s, originally under the name of Next Generation Windows Services (NGWS), as part of the .NET strategy. By late 2000, the first beta versions of .NET 1.0 were released. Title: Susan Nolen-Hoeksema Passage: Susan Nolen-Hoeksema (May 22, 1959 – January 2, 2013) was an American professor of psychology at Yale University. Her research explored how mood regulation strategies could correlate to a person's vulnerability to depression, with special focus on a construct she called rumination as well as gender differences. Title: The Blitz Passage: A major problem in the managing of the Luftwaffe was Hermann Göring. Hitler believed the Luftwaffe was "the most effective strategic weapon", and in reply to repeated requests from the Kriegsmarine for control over aircraft insisted, "We should never have been able to hold our own in this war if we had not had an undivided Luftwaffe". Such principles made it much harder to integrate the air force into the overall strategy and produced in Göring a jealous and damaging defence of his "empire" while removing Hitler voluntarily from the systematic direction of the Luftwaffe at either the strategic or operational level. When Hitler tried to intervene more in the running of the air force later in the war, he was faced with a political conflict of his own making between himself and Göring, which was not fully resolved until the war was almost over. In 1940 and 1941, Göring's refusal to cooperate with the Kriegsmarine denied the entire Wehrmacht military forces of the Reich the chance to strangle British sea communications, which might have had strategic or decisive effect in the war against the British Empire. Title: Olympic Games Passage: Greek interest in reviving the Olympic Games began with the Greek War of Independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1821. It was first proposed by poet and newspaper editor Panagiotis Soutsos in his poem ``Dialogue of the Dead '', published in 1833. Evangelos Zappas, a wealthy Greek - Romanian philanthropist, first wrote to King Otto of Greece, in 1856, offering to fund a permanent revival of the Olympic Games. Zappas sponsored the first Olympic Games in 1859, which was held in an Athens city square. Athletes participated from Greece and the Ottoman Empire. Zappas funded the restoration of the ancient Panathenaic Stadium so that it could host all future Olympic Games. Title: Herbert Matter Passage: Herbert Matter (April 25, 1907 – May 8, 1984) was a Swiss-born American photographer and graphic designer known for his pioneering use of photomontage in commercial art. The designer's innovative and experimental work helped shape the vocabulary of 20th-century graphic design. Title: Ottoman Empire Passage: The Ottoman Islamic legal system was set up differently from traditional European courts. Presiding over Islamic courts would be a Qadi, or judge. Since the closing of the ijtihad, or Gate of Interpretation, Qadis throughout the Ottoman Empire focused less on legal precedent, and more with local customs and traditions in the areas that they administered. However, the Ottoman court system lacked an appellate structure, leading to jurisdictional case strategies where plaintiffs could take their disputes from one court system to another until they achieved a ruling that was in their favor.	[ "The Blitz", "Near East" ]
Who is the current mayor of the city where Bailey Gatzert died?	Ed Murray	[]	Title: Baileys Irish Cream Passage: Baileys Irish Cream was created by Gilbeys of Ireland, a division of International Distillers & Vintners, as it searched for something to introduce to the international market. The process of finding a product began in 1971 and it was introduced in 1974 as the first Irish cream on the market. The Baileys name was granted permission by John Chesterman after Gilbeys asked to use the name from a restaurant that John Chesterman owned. The fictional R.A. Bailey signature was inspired by the Bailey's Hotel in London, though the registered trademark omits the apostrophe. Baileys is produced in Dublin and Mallusk (Northern Ireland). Title: Seattle Passage: Like most parts of the United States, government and laws are also run by a series of ballot initiatives (allowing citizens to pass or reject laws), referenda (allowing citizens to approve or reject legislation already passed), and propositions (allowing specific government agencies to propose new laws/tax increases directly to the people). Federally, Seattle is part of Washington's 7th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jim McDermott, elected in 1988 and one of Congress's liberal members. Ed Murray is currently serving as mayor. Title: Bailey Gatzert Passage: Bailey Gatzert (December 29, 1829 – April 19, 1893) was an American politician and the eighth mayor of Seattle, Washington, serving from 1875 to 1876. He was the first Jewish mayor of Seattle, narrowly missing being the first Jewish mayor of a major American city (Moses Bloom became mayor of Iowa City, Iowa, in 1873), and has been the only Jewish mayor of Seattle to date.	[ "Bailey Gatzert", "Seattle" ]
How did the political union that St. Barts joined in 2012 rank the economy of the nation where Wengen, and the birthplace of Fränzi Aufdenblatten are located?	Europe's most innovative country	[ "Europe" ]	Title: Alps Passage: Some high mountain villages, such as Avoriaz (in France), Wengen, and Zermatt (in Switzerland) are accessible only by cable car or cog-rail trains, and are car free. Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain. Title: Blue Springs, Missouri Passage: Blue Springs is a city located in the U.S. state of Missouri and within Jackson County. Blue Springs is located 19 miles (31 km) east of downtown Kansas City, Missouri and is the eighth largest city in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 United States Census the population was 52,575, tying it for 10th largest city in the state of Missouri with St. Peters. In 2010, CNN / Money Magazine ranked Blue Springs 49th on its list of the 100 Best Places to Live in the United States. Title: Switzerland Passage: The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP. Title: Saint Barthélemy Passage: One senator represents the island in the French Senate. The first election was held on 21 September 2008 with the last election in September 2014. St. Barthélemy became an overseas territory of the European Union on 1 January 2012, but the island's inhabitants remain French citizens with EU status holding EU passports. France is responsible for the defence of the island and as such has stationed a security force on the island comprising six policemen and thirteen gendarmes (posted on two-year term). Title: Washington University in St. Louis Passage: Washington University in St. Louis (Wash. U., or WUSTL) is a private research university located in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1853, and named after George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. Twenty-five Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University, nine having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university. Washington University's undergraduate program is ranked 15th by U.S. News and World Report. The university is ranked 32nd in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities. Title: Léonie Gilmour Passage: Léonie Gilmour was born in New York City on June 17, 1873, and grew up in the East Village, Manhattan. At the time of her birth, her father, Andrew Gilmour, a clerk, and mother, Albiana Gilmour (née Smith, daughter of one of the co-founders of the "Brooklyn Times-Union"), were living "in one room in a rear house" in St. Bridget's Place, the alley behind St. Brigid's Church on the east side of Tompkins Square Park. Léonie was among the first students at the Free Kindergarten organized by Felix Adler's Ethical Culture Society and became a member of the first class of the Workingman's School (later Ethical Culture School). After her graduation in 1887, Adler found a place for her at the recently opened Bryn Mawr School in Baltimore. As one of the few students to pass the Bryn Mawr School's rigorous graduation requirements, she was awarded its first four-year college scholarship, funded by school president Mary Garrett. Title: Greater Astoria Historical Society Passage: The Greater Astoria Historical Society (GAHS) is a non-profit cultural and historical organization located in the Astoria neighborhood of Queens, New York, United States, dedicated to preserving the past and promoting the future of the neighborhoods that are part of historic Long Island City, including the Village of Astoria, Blissville, Bowery Bay, Dutch Kills, Hunters Point, Ravenswood, Steinway Village, and Sunnyside. Title: Clippesby Passage: Clippesby is a small village in Eastern England within the Great Yarmouth Borough Council area, Norfolk; located on the B1152 and surrounded by the Norfolk Broads. The village consists largely of a few rows of small cottages and houses with four buildings of historical relevance, the Church of St. Peter's, the Rectory, the Old Hall (now Old Hall Farm) and Clippesby Hall (formerly Clippesby House). It is surrounded by outlying farmsteads. Farming and tourism comprise the majority of its economy, the latter being based in the grounds of Clippesby Hall. The population of the village is included in the civil parish of Fleggburgh. Title: Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway Passage: The Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway (; RhW) is a long rack railway in Switzerland. It links Rheineck station, in the municipality of Rheineck and the canton of St Gallen, with the village and health resort of Walzenhausen, in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. Passenger service on the line now forms part of the St. Gallen S-Bahn, branded as the S26. Title: Taxonomy (biology) Passage: Taxonomy (from Ancient Greek τάξις (taxis), meaning 'arrangement', and - νομία (- nomia), meaning 'method') is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped together into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given a taxonomic rank; groups of a given rank can be aggregated to form a super-group of higher rank, thus creating a taxonomic hierarchy. The principal ranks in modern use are domain, kingdom, phylum (division is sometimes used in botany in place of phylum), class, order, family, genus and species. The Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus is regarded as the father of taxonomy, as he developed a system known as Linnaean taxonomy for categorization of organisms and binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. Title: Fränzi Aufdenblatten Passage: Born in Zermatt, Valais, Aufdenblatten made her World Cup debut in March 2000 in a giant slalom at Sestriere. She scored four podium finishes on the World Cup: one win in a super-G in Val-d'Isère in December 2009, and three third places in downhill at Haus im Ennstal (2004), Bad Kleinkirchheim (2006), and Lenzerheide (2014). Aufdenblatten competed in three Winter Olympics (2002, 2006 and 2014) and her best finish was a sixth place in the 2014 super-G at Rosa Khutor. Title: M. Visvesvaraya Passage: Mokshagundam Viswesvarayya was born on 15 September 1861 in Muddenahalli village (now located in Chikkaballapura District, but part of Kolar district at the time of his birth) in the princely state of Mysore (now Karnataka), India. His father, Mokshagundam Srinivasa Sastry, was a school teacher and a noted Sanskrit scholar, while his mother, Venkatalakshamma, was a homemaker. His parents were from Mokshagundam, a village of Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh.	[ "Saint Barthélemy", "Alps", "Switzerland", "Fränzi Aufdenblatten" ]
How many universities in the country where Jacques and his Master's author is from offer neerlandistiek courses?	20	[]	Title: List of medical schools in the United Kingdom Passage: There are thirty three medical schools in the United Kingdom that are recognised by the General Medical Council and where students can study for a medical degree. There are twenty - five such schools in England, five in Scotland, two in Wales and one in Northern Ireland. All but Warwick Medical School and Swansea Medical School offer undergraduate courses in medicine. The Bute Medical School (University of St Andrews) and Durham Medical School offer undergraduate pre-clinical courses only, with students proceeding to another medical school for clinical studies. Although Oxford University and Cambridge University offer both pre-clinical and clinical courses in medicine, students who study pre-clinical medicine at one of these universities may move to another university for clinical studies. At other universities students stay at the same university for both pre-clinical and clinical work. Title: Jacques and his Master Passage: Jacques and his Master is a play written in 1971 by Milan Kundera, which he subtitles "A Homage to Diderot in Three Acts". It was translated by Simon Callow in 1986 and directed by him in 1987. Title: Makerere University College of Health Sciences Passage: Makerere University College of Health Sciences (MakCHS) is a constituent college of Makerere University, Uganda's oldest university. The schools of the college offer undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the biomedical sciences, health sciences, human medicine and public health, covering a broad range of disciplines and specialties. Title: College of Management, Mahidol University Passage: College of Management, Mahidol University, also known as CMMU, is the business school of Mahidol University, located in Bangkok, Thailand. Established in 1997, CMMU offers master's and Ph.D. degree programmes in management studies. Title: Milan Kundera Passage: Milan Kundera ; born 1 April 1929) is a Czech-born French writer who went into exile in France in 1975, and became a naturalised French citizen in 1981. He "sees himself as a French writer and insists his work should be studied as French literature and classified as such in book stores". Title: University of La Rioja Passage: The University of La Rioja (UR) is a public institution of higher education based in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain. Inaugurated during 1992-1993 from various existing schools and colleges, it currently teaches Grades 19 adapted to the European Higher Education, and a varied program of masters, summer courses and courses of Spanish language and culture for foreigners. It has earned the Campus International Excellence for the project "Iberus" presented together with the public universities of Zaragoza, Navarra, and Lledia. Title: NRI Academy of Medical Sciences Passage: NRI Academy of Medical Sciences (also referred as NRI Medical College) is the first medical academy in Andhra Pradesh, India started by NRIs. It is one of the medical colleges in Guntur District, offering graduate (Masters) and undergraduate (Bachelors) courses in medical sciences. It is located in Chinna Kakani; nearby cities are Guntur and Vijayawada. The academy is affiliated to the NTR University of Health Sciences Vijayawada. Title: Guam Passage: The University of Guam (UOG) and Guam Community College, both fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, offer courses in higher education. UOG is a member of the exclusive group of only 76 U.S. land-grant institutions in the entire United States. Pacific Islands University is a small Christian liberal arts institution nationally accredited by the Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools. They offer courses at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Title: Dutch language Passage: As a foreign language, Dutch is mainly taught in primary and secondary schools in areas adjacent to the Netherlands and Flanders. In French-speaking Belgium, over 300,000 pupils are enrolled in Dutch courses, followed by over 23,000 in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia, and about 7,000 in the French region of Nord-Pas-de-Calais (of which 4,550 are in primary school). At an academic level, the largest number of faculties of neerlandistiek can be found in Germany (30 universities), followed by France (20 universities) and the United Kingdom (5 universities). Title: Virginia High School (Virginia) Passage: Virginia High School is a high school located in Bristol, Virginia. In 1999, Virginia High started offering the Tri-Cities area's first International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. Classes from the Advanced Placement program are also offered to help students who are headed to college. A vocational wing was added to the main school building to help students who wish to go into a trade straight from high school. Courses offered for this path include: culinary arts, computer networking and repair, cosmetology, and criminal justice. Title: Calvin Gotlieb Passage: In 1948, he co-founded the computation centre at the University of Toronto and was part of the first team in Canada to build computers and to provide computing services. In 1950, he created the first university course on computing in Canada and in 1951 offered the first graduate course. In 1964, he helped to found the first Canadian graduate department of computer science at the University of Toronto. Title: Institute of technology Passage: Fachhochschulen were first founded in the early 1970s. They do not focus exclusively on technology, but may also offer courses in social science, medicine, business and design. They grant bachelor's degrees and master's degrees, and focus more on teaching than research and more on specific professions than on science.	[ "Milan Kundera", "Jacques and his Master", "Dutch language" ]
When does monsoon season occur in the city where Centre for Science and Environment is headquartered?	the middle of the summer	[]	Title: RuPaul's Drag Race (season 5) Passage: The winner of the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race was Jinkx Monsoon, with Alaska and Roxxxy Andrews being the runners - up. Title: Hyderabad Passage: Hyderabad is also home to a number of centres specialising in particular fields such as biomedical sciences, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, such as the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN). Hyderabad has five major medical schools—Osmania Medical College, Gandhi Medical College, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Deccan College of Medical Sciences and Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences—and many affiliated teaching hospitals. The Government Nizamia Tibbi College is a college of Unani medicine. Hyderabad is also the headquarters of the Indian Heart Association, a non-profit foundation for cardiovascular education. Title: Territory Wildlife Park Passage: The Territory Wildlife Park is a zoo at Berry Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia, some (about a 45 minutes drive) south of Darwin. It opened in 1989. Situated on 400 ha of natural bushland, it contains native animals and plants representative of Northern Territory, and especially Top End tropical monsoonal, environments. It contributes to their conservation through research programs as well as through public education. The three main habitats represented are woodland, wetland and monsoon vine forest. Title: Questacon Passage: Questacon – the National Science and Technology Centre, is located on the southern shore of Lake Burley Griffin in Canberra, Australia. It is a large centre with more than 200 interactive exhibits relating to science and technology. It has many science programs that are devoted to inspiring the children of Australia to love science. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropical–hot and humid all year round with plentiful rainfall. Northern Vietnam and the Myanmar Himalayas are the only regions in Southeast Asia that feature a subtropical climate, which has a cold winter with snow. The majority of Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds or monsoon. The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to milder temperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like. Title: Clothing Passage: Although dissertations on clothing and its function appear from the 19th century as colonising countries dealt with new environments, concerted scientific research into psycho-social, physiological and other functions of clothing (e.g. protective, cartage) occurred in the first half of the 20th century, with publications such as J. C. Flügel's Psychology of Clothes in 1930, and Newburgh's seminal Physiology of Heat Regulation and The Science of Clothing in 1949. By 1968, the field of environmental physiology had advanced and expanded significantly, but the science of clothing in relation to environmental physiology had changed little. While considerable research has since occurred and the knowledge-base has grown significantly, the main concepts remain unchanged, and indeed Newburgh's book is still cited by contemporary authors, including those attempting to develop thermoregulatory models of clothing development. Title: Climate of Pakistan Passage: Western Disturbances mostly occur during the winter months and cause light to moderate showers in southern parts of the country while moderate to heavy showers with heavy snowfall in the northern parts of the country. These westerly waves are robbed of most of the moisture by the time they reach Pakistan. Fog occurs during the winter season and remains for weeks in upper Sindh, central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. Southwest Monsoon occurs in summer from the month of June till September in almost whole Pakistan excluding western Balochistan, FATA, Chitral and Gilgit -- Baltistan. Monsoon rains bring much awaited relief from the scorching summer heat. These monsoon rains are quite heavy by nature and can cause significant flooding, even severe flooding if they interact with westerly waves in the upper parts of the country. Tropical Storms usually form during the summer months from late April till June and then from late September till November. They affect the coastal localities of the country. Dust storms occur during summer months with peak in May and June, They are locally known as Andhi. These dust storms are quite violent. Dust storms during the early summer indicate the arrival of the monsoons while dust storms in the autumn indicate the arrival of winter. Heat waves occur during May and June, especially in southern Punjab, central Balochistan and interior Sindh. Thunderstorms most commonly occur in northern Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Azad Kashmir. Continental air prevails during the period when there is no precipitation in the country. Title: North American Monsoon Passage: The North American monsoon, variously known as the Southwest monsoon, the Mexican monsoon, the New Mexican monsoon, or the Arizona monsoon, is a pattern of pronounced increase in thunderstorms and rainfall over large areas of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, typically occurring between July and mid September. During the monsoon, thunderstorms are fueled by daytime heating and build up during the late afternoon - early evening. Typically, these storms dissipate by late night, and the next day starts out fair, with the cycle repeating daily. The monsoon typically loses its energy by mid-September when drier and cooler conditions are reestablished over the region. Geographically, the North American monsoon precipitation region is centered over the Sierra Madre Occidental in the Mexican states of Sinaloa, Durango, Sonora and Chihuahua. Title: Judith E. Deutsch Passage: Judith E. Deutsch, PT, PhD, FAPTA, is a professor of physical therapy in the Department of Rehabilitation & Movement Sciences at Rutgers University. She is also the director of the Research in Virtual Environments and Rehabilitation Sciences Lab. Title: Ngopa Passage: Ngopa is a town in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Ngopa R.D. Block, and it serves as headquarters for that block. It is also an important administrative centre containing important government offices. Ngopa is from the district's main city, Champhai, and from the state's capital city, Aizawl. Title: Centre for Science and Environment Passage: Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) is a not-for-profit public interest research and advocacy organisation based in New Delhi, India. Established in 1980, CSE works as a think tank on environment-development issues in India, poor planning, climate shifts devastating India's Sundarbans and advocates for policy changes and better implementation of the already existing policies. CSE uses knowledge-based activism to create awareness about problems and propose sustainable solutions. Title: New Delhi Passage: The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.	[ "Centre for Science and Environment", "New Delhi" ]
When did George Greenamyer's university start issuing engineering degrees?	1873	[]	Title: Tami Bond Passage: Tami Bond received a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Washington in 1993. She went on to post graduate study at the University of California at Berkeley, where she was awarded a Masters of Science in engineering in 1995, focusing on combustion. In 2000, she completed study for an interdisciplinary Doctor of Philosophy degree in Atmospheric Sciences, Civil Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, again from the University of Washington. Title: George Greenamyer Passage: He received a BFA in 1963 from the Philadelphia College of Art and an MFA in 1969 from the University of Kansas. He was a professor at the Massachusetts College of Art for more than thirty years. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The KU School of Engineering is an ABET accredited, public engineering school located on the main campus. The School of Engineering was officially founded in 1891, although engineering degrees were awarded as early as 1873.	[ "University of Kansas", "George Greenamyer" ]
What is the body of water by the city where Karl-Heinz Metzner died?	Fulda	[]	Title: Ralph Metzner Passage: Ralph Metzner (May 18, 1936 – March 14, 2019) was a German-born American psychologist, writer and researcher, who participated in psychedelic research at Harvard University in the early 1960s with Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert (later named Ram Dass). Metzner was a psychotherapist, and Professor Emeritus of psychology at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco, where he was formerly the Academic Dean and Academic Vice-president. Title: John Kerry Passage: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990. Early the following year, Senator Heinz was killed in a plane crash near Lower Merion. Teresa has three sons from her previous marriage to Heinz, Henry John Heinz IV, André Thierstein Heinz, and Christopher Drake Heinz. Heinz and Kerry were married on May 26, 1995, in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Title: Karl-Heinz Metzner Passage: He was part of the West German team that won the 1954 FIFA World Cup. In total he earned two caps for West Germany. During his club career he played for Hessen Kassel. Title: Reuel Abraham Passage: Reuel Abraham (born 1924), born Karl Heinz Schneider, was a Hitler Youth member and Luftwaffe pilot during World War II reported to be the first former Nazi to convert to Judaism. Title: Karl-Heinz Ohlig Passage: Karl-Heinz Ohlig (born 15 September 1938 in Koblenz) is a German professor of Religious Studies and the History of Christianity at the University of Saarland, Germany. Title: Kassel Passage: Kassel (; spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 200,507 inhabitants in December 2015. The former capital of the state of Hesse-Kassel has many palaces and parks, including the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Kassel is also known for the "documenta" exhibitions of contemporary art. Kassel has a public university with 25,000 students (2018) and a multicultural population (39% of the citizens in 2017 had a migration background). Title: Kraft Heinz Passage: The Kraft Heinz Company is an American food company formed by the merger of Kraft Foods Group and Heinz in 2015. The merger was backed by 3G Capital and Berkshire Hathaway, which invested US $10 billion in the deal, making Kraft Heinz worth about US $46 billion. In 2015, the Kraft Heinz Company had 13 different brands with $500 million or more each in annual sales. Title: Karl-Heinz Bendert Passage: Karl-Heinz Bendert (9 September 1914 – 16 July 1983) was a German Luftwaffe ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II. Karl-Heinz Bendert claimed 55 victories in 610 missions. During his time with JG 27 in Africa he was involved in scandal with falsifying claims; his victories were mostly false because he would claim to have shot down enemy aircraft during missions in which other squadron members did shoot down aircraft to save face. Despite this, he was given credit to the victories. After a confrontation with his squadron leader, Gustav Roedel, who did not interfere with his Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross nomination, he did not score any more victories. Title: Cape Town water crisis Passage: In February 2018, the Groenland Water Users' Association (a representative body for farmers in the Elgin and Grabouw agricultural areas around Cape Town) began releasing an additional 10 billion litres of water into the Steenbras Dam. Title: Lake Oesa Passage: Lake Oesa is a body of water located at an elevation of 2,267m (7438 ft) in the mountains of Yoho National Park, near Field, British Columbia, Canada. Title: Down Terrace Passage: Upon release from prison, Bill (Robert Hill) and his son Karl (Robin Hill) arrive home at Down Terrace in Brighton. With the help of his wife Maggie (Julia Deakin), Bill decides to find the rat in his criminal operation and a tale of recrimination, betrayal and murder ensues. Meanwhile, Karl grows increasingly edgy and uncomfortable with his dysfunctional family. When Karl's girlfriend Valda shows up pregnant, Karl announces that they plan to get married, but his parents disapprove and demand that he get a paternity test. Bill's employee Garvey tells Karl that Valda dated Garvey's brother for a while recently, which enrages Karl; Karl murders Garvey and enlists his uncle Eric's help in secretly burying the body. Worried about Garvey's unexplained disappearance and that a hitman, Pringle, might talk about a previous attempt on Garvey's life, Bill orders Eric to murder Pringle and his mother, leaving his three-year-old son fatherless. Eric himself is poisoned by his sister Maggie because she doubts his loyalty. The carnage attracts Jony, a London gangster, who tells Bill that the lack of subtlety and stability has put Karl and his family at risk; Maggie promises to rein in Bill. Karl, who suspects that his parents have murdered Eric, accuses them of making deals with the police after he hears a death-bed confession from Berman, their lawyer. Eventually, Valda talks Karl into murdering his parents: Karl shoots his father to death, and Valda stabs his mother. Title: Achilles' heel Passage: In Greek mythology, when Achilles was a baby, it was foretold that he would die young. To prevent his death, his mother Thetis took Achilles to the River Styx, which was supposed to offer powers of invulnerability, and dipped his body into the water; however, as Thetis held Achilles by the heel, his heel was not washed over by the water of the magical river. Achilles grew up to be a man of war who survived many great battles. One day, a poisonous arrow shot at him was lodged in his heel, killing him shortly afterwards.	[ "Karl-Heinz Metzner", "Kassel" ]
What mountain range is Humboldt Peak in the state McPhee Reservoir is located part of?	Sangre de Cristo Range	[]	Title: Humboldt Peak (Colorado) Passage: Humboldt Peak is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The fourteener is located in the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness of San Isabel National Forest, south-southwest (bearing 204°) of the Town of Westcliffe in Custer County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point. Title: Humboldt Hill, California Passage: Humboldt Hill is a census-designated place (CDP) in Humboldt County, California, United States. Humboldt Hill rises to an elevation of 194 feet (59 m). The population was 3,414 at the 2010 census, up from 3,246 at the 2000 census. The area is in the 95503 zip code and part of unincorporated Eureka. Title: McPhee Reservoir Passage: McPhee Reservoir is located in Montezuma County, Colorado, United States. It was constructed and is operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation as part of the Dolores Project, and dams the Dolores River to furnish irrigation water for Montezuma and Dolores counties and the Ute Mountain Indian Reservation.	[ "Humboldt Peak (Colorado)", "McPhee Reservoir" ]
When was the headquarters city of Greatview made the capitol of China?	1279	[]	Title: History of Beijing Passage: The city of Beijing has a long and rich history that dates back over 3,000 years. Prior to the unification of China by the First Emperor in 221 BC, Beijing had been for centuries the capital of the ancient states of Ji and Yan. During the first millennia of imperial rule, Beijing was a provincial city in northern China. Its stature grew in the 10th to the 13th centuries when the nomadic Khitan and forest - dwelling Jurchen peoples from beyond the Great Wall expanded southward and made the city a capital of their dynasties, the Liao and Jin. When Kublai Khan made Dadu the capital of the Mongol - led Yuan dynasty (1279 -- 1368), all of China was ruled from Beijing for the first time. From 1279 onward, with the exception of two interludes from 1368 to 1420 and 1928 to 1949, Beijing would remain as China's capital, serving as the seat of power for the Ming dynasty (1421 -- 1644), the Manchu - led Qing dynasty (1644 -- 1912), the early Republic of China (1912 -- 1928) and now the People's Republic of China (1949 -- present). Title: Thombattu Passage: Thombattu is a village in Kundapura Taluk in Karnataka, India. It is in the Udupi district. It is located 45 km towards North from District headquarters Udupi. 26 km from Kundapura. 410 km from State capital Bangalore. Kota, Udupi, Karkala, Sagar are the nearby cities. Title: High Road to China Passage: Filming for "High Road to China" took place in Yugoslavia with a crew of 231 (145 Yugoslavs, 60 British, 15 Italians, 10 Americans, and one Frenchman). They also added 50 Yugoslav actors to the speaking cast and hired 4,000 extras. Headquarters for the film company was in the small Adriatic coastal town of Opatija, Croatia, located on the northwest coast of the Gulf of Rijeka at the foot of Mt. Ucka. It was filmed in Opatija and Istria, Croatia. Scenes set in Afghanistan were shot at Kamenjak near Rijeka, while scenes set in Turkey were filmed at Volosko, and the final battle in China was shot in Boljun. Title: Di Yi Passage: Di Yi (Chinese: 帝乙) was a king of the Shang dynasty of China from 1101BC to 1076 BC. His capital was at Yin. Title: Ngopa Passage: Ngopa is a town in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Ngopa R.D. Block, and it serves as headquarters for that block. It is also an important administrative centre containing important government offices. Ngopa is from the district's main city, Champhai, and from the state's capital city, Aizawl. Title: Touchstone Semiconductor Passage: Touchstone Semiconductor was founded in 2010 by a group of semiconductor industry experts from Maxim Integrated Products, Linear Technology and Analog Devices. The company received $12M funding in Series A funding from Opus Capital and Khosla Ventures, the headquarters were located in Milpitas, California. Title: Bageshwar Passage: Bageshwar is a town and a municipal board in Bageshwar district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is located at a distance of 470 km from the National Capital New Delhi and 332 km from the State Capital Dehradun. Bageshwar is known for its scenic beauty, Glaciers, Rivers and Temples. It is also the administrative headquarters of Bageshwar district. Title: Karjule Hareshwar Passage: Karjule Hareshwar formerly called Karjule Harya is a village in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India. This village is located on Kalyan Ahmednagar highway National Highway 222. It is located 50 km towards west from District headquarters Ahmednagar. 25 km from Parner. 181 km from State capital Mumbai. It is well known village as Mumbaikar's Village. Most of the family members are working in Mumbai in transportation and many more things. Title: Greatview Passage: Greatview Aseptic Packaging Company is a multinational aseptic processing company with its head office based in Beijing, China. Founded in 2003, Greatview offers aseptic carton solutions and related services for dairy and non-carbonated soft drink companies whose products are compatible with Tetra Brik Aseptic filling machines. Greatview presently has three packaging facilities worldwide, two of which are located in China, in Gaotang, Shandong and Helingeer, Inner Mongolia; the third facility is the company's primary exporting facility and is located in Germany, in the city of Halle (Saale), Saxony-Anhalt. Title: The Westward Journey Passage: The Westward Journey, also listed as Indians, Reaper, Blacksmith, Pioneer Family, is a set of outdoor sculptures made by Herman Carl Mueller in 1886–1887, located above the south portico of the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis, the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana. Title: Nanjing Passage: Nanjing ( listen; Chinese: 南京, "Southern Capital") is the city situated in the heartland of lower Yangtze River region in China, which has long been a major centre of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism. It is the capital city of Jiangsu province of People's Republic of China and the second largest city in East China, with a total population of 8,216,100, and legally the capital of Republic of China which lost the mainland during the civil war. The city whose name means "Southern Capital" has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having served as the capitals of various Chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century AD to 1949. Prior to the advent of pinyin romanization, Nanjing's city name was spelled as Nanking or Nankin. Nanjing has a number of other names, and some historical names are now used as names of districts of the city, and among them there is the name Jiangning (江寧), whose former character Jiang (江, River) is the former part of the name Jiangsu and latter character Ning (寧, simplified form 宁, Peace) is the short name of Nanjing. When being the capital of a state, for instance, ROC, Jing (京) is adopted as the abbreviation of Nanjing. Although as a city located in southern part of China becoming Chinese national capital as early as in Jin dynasty, the name Nanjing was designated to the city in Ming dynasty, about a thousand years later. Nanjing is particularly known as Jinling (金陵, literally meaning Gold Mountain) and the old name has been used since the Warring States Period in Zhou Dynasty. Title: Sarikei Passage: Sarikei () is a town, and the capital of the "Sarikei District" (985 square kilometres) in Sarikei Division, Sarawak, Malaysia. It is located on the Rajang River, near where the river empties into the South China Sea. The district population (year 2010 census) was 56,798.	[ "Greatview", "History of Beijing" ]
What's the record label owned by the performer of Things That U Do?	Roc-A-Fella Records	[]	Title: Dept. of Disappearance Passage: Dept. of Disappearance is the second solo studio album by American indie rock musician Jason Lytle. It was released on October 16, 2012 by record label ANTI-. Regarding the album, Lytle noted, "If there were any deliberate attempts on this record, it was trying to get back to more of a fairy-tale-ish-fantasy thing that was once again rooted in reality, with drums, pianos and real instruments." Title: Things That U Do Passage: "Things That U Do" is the second single from rapper Jay-Z's 1999 album "Vol. 3... Life and Times of S. Carter". It features guest vocals by Mariah Carey and a beat produced by Swizz Beatz. AllMusic's John Bush describes it as an "overblown production," while Steve Juon of RapReviews.com considers it a "commercially aimed song" that "still sounds fresh and original." It was neither heavily promoted nor released as a CD single, causing it to chart lowly. Title: Christión Passage: Christión was a male duo featuring brothers Kenni Ski and Allen Anthony, the first R&B act to be signed to Jay-Z's Roc-A-Fella Records. They released their single "Full of Smoke" on Roc-A-Fella in 1996, reaching #53 on the Hot 100 and #15 on the R&B chart.	[ "Things That U Do", "Christión" ]
When's the last time a hurricane hit the continent where Queen had the first leg of their mid 2000s tour with the performer of Electric?	November 10 - 11, 2017	[]	Title: Queen (band) Passage: Between 2005 and 2006, Queen + Paul Rodgers embarked on a world tour, which was the first time Queen toured since their last tour with Freddie Mercury in 1986. The band's drummer Roger Taylor commented; "We never thought we would tour again, Paul [Rodgers] came along by chance and we seemed to have a chemistry. Paul is just such a great singer. He's not trying to be Freddie." The first leg was in Europe, the second in Japan, and the third in the US in 2006. Queen received the inaugural VH1 Rock Honors at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Las Vegas, Nevada, on 25 May 2006. The Foo Fighters paid homage to the band in performing "Tie Your Mother Down" to open the ceremony before being joined on stage by May, Taylor, and Paul Rodgers, who played a selection of Queen hits. Title: Tropical cyclone effects in Europe Passage: November 10 - 11, 2017 -- The remnants of Tropical Storm Rina hit the United Kingdom and Ireland on the night of November 10 and into the following day. Title: Electric (Paul Rodgers album) Passage: Electric (fully as Paul Rodgers Electric according to Paul Rodgers official site) is a studio album by Paul Rodgers of Free and Bad Company fame. It was recorded in 1999 at Lartington Hall Studios near Barnard Castle in the North East of England. Electric was released in 2000 (the Japanese version of 1999 has a bonus track).	[ "Electric (Paul Rodgers album)", "Tropical cyclone effects in Europe", "Queen (band)" ]
What show helped launch the career of the performer of Already Gone?	American Idol	[]	Title: American Idol Passage: As one of the most successful shows on U.S. television history, American Idol has a strong impact not just on television, but also in the wider world of entertainment. It helped create a number of highly successful recording artists, such as Kelly Clarkson, Daughtry and Carrie Underwood, as well as others of varying notability. Title: How Long Will My Baby Be Gone Passage: "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" is a 1968 song written and recorded by Buck Owens. "How Long Will My Baby Be Gone" was the last of eight number ones on the country chart in a row for Buck Owens. The single spent a single week at number one and a total of thirteen weeks on the country chart. The song is still performed at the Country Bear Jamboree attraction at certain Disney parks. Title: Already Gone (Kelly Clarkson song) Passage: "Already Gone" is a song performed by American pop singer-songwriter Kelly Clarkson from her fourth studio album, "All I Ever Wanted". It is co-written by Clarkson and Ryan Tedder, who also produced it. The song was released as the album's third single in August 2009. Lyrically, "Already Gone" is about the breakup of a relationship; the music consists of an arrangement using a piano, drums, and string instruments.	[ "Already Gone (Kelly Clarkson song)", "American Idol" ]
What county is the city where Rob Lock was born located in?	Fresno County	[ "Fresno County, California" ]	Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Reedley, California Passage: Reedley is a city in Fresno County, California, United States. Reedley is located in the San Joaquin Valley, east-southeast of Fresno, at an elevation of . The population at the 2010 census was . Its chief economic source is agriculture, particularly fruit and vegetable cultivation. The city dubs itself "The World's Fruit Basket". Reedley holds many festivals year round. The city of Reedley hosts the annual Reedley Fiesta in October, the Reedley Electrical Christmas Parade in December, the Reedley Street Faire in May, the Reedley Certified Farmers Market (Wednesday evening, in the summer), the Reedley Taste of the Town in September, and many other festivities to keep the residents and visitors busy and entertained. Reedley is situated along the Kings River and in the summer, many local residents and visitors drive to Cricket Hollow Park and Reedley Beach. Title: Sosnowo Lock Passage: Sosnowo Lock - the second lock on the Augustów Canal (from the Biebrza) in Poland near the village of Sosnowo in the administrative district of Gmina Sztabin, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately north-west of Sztabin, south of Augustów, and north of the regional capital Białystok. Title: Empiricism Passage: A generation later, the Irish Anglican bishop, George Berkeley (1685–1753), determined that Locke's view immediately opened a door that would lead to eventual atheism. In response to Locke, he put forth in his Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (1710) an important challenge to empiricism in which things only exist either as a result of their being perceived, or by virtue of the fact that they are an entity doing the perceiving. (For Berkeley, God fills in for humans by doing the perceiving whenever humans are not around to do it.) In his text Alciphron, Berkeley maintained that any order humans may see in nature is the language or handwriting of God. Berkeley's approach to empiricism would later come to be called subjective idealism. Title: Captain Anthony Meldahl Locks and Dam Passage: The Captain Anthony Meldahl Locks and Dam is a non-navigable river control dam with an associated lock, located at mile marker 436 on the Ohio River. It was named for Captain Anthony Meldahl, a river captain. Title: Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 5 Passage: Allegheny River Lock and Dam No. 5 is a historic lock and fixed-crest dam complex located at Gilpin Township and South Buffalo Township in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania. It was built between 1920 and 1927 by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and consists of the lock, dam, esplanade, and Operations Building. The lock measures 56 feet by 360 feet, and has a lift of 11.6 feet. The dam measures approximately 22 feet high and 632 feet long. The Operations Building, or powerhouse, is a utilitarian two-story building in a vernacular Moderne style. The lock and dam were built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a part of an extensive system of locks and dams to improve navigation along the Allegheny River. Title: Biblioteca Ayacucho Passage: The Biblioteca Ayacucho ("Ayacucho Library") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the "Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho". Its name, "Ayacucho", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Arrondissement of Mechelen Passage: The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides. Title: British Togoland Passage: British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule. Title: Rob Lock Passage: Robert Lock (born May 22, 1966) is a retired professional basketball player and currently a recreational pilot. Lock was born and raised in Reedley, California and played collegiate ball with the University of Kentucky (1984–1988) where he was a solid contributor off the bench and increased his stats every year he played. He entered the 1988 NBA Draft and was picked 51st in the third round by the Los Angeles Clippers; however, Lock accepted an offer to play in Italy instead. He did eventually return to play for just 20 games with Clippers during the latter part of the 1988-89 NBA season. After retiring from basketball, Lock pursued his childhood dream of becoming a pilot. He is currently the owner of Waldo Wright's Flying Service where he gives open cockpit rides to visitors in restored vintage biplanes. The family business is based in Polk City, Florida and is currently the largest provider of open cockpit flights.	[ "Rob Lock", "Reedley, California" ]
When did an acclaimed role model business woman drop out of college?	1978	[]	Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna has received acclaim as a role model for businesswomen in her industry, "achieving the kind of financial control that women had long fought for within the industry", and generating over $1.2 billion in sales within the first decade of her career. Professor Colin Barrow from Cranfield School of Management described Madonna as "America's smartest businesswoman ... who has moved to the top of her industry and stayed there by constantly reinventing herself." London Business School academics called her a "dynamic entrepreneur" worth copying; they identified her vision of success, her understanding of the music industry, her ability to recognize her own performance limits (and thus bring in help), her willingness to work hard and her ability to adapt as the keys to her commercial success. Morton wrote that "Madonna is opportunistic, manipulative, and ruthless—somebody who won't stop until she gets what she wants—and that's something you can get at the expense of maybe losing your close ones. But that hardly mattered to her." Hazel Blackmore and Rafael Fernández de Castro in the book ¿Qué es Estados Unidos? from the Fondo de Cultura Económica, noted: "Madonna has been undoubtedly the most important woman in the history of popular music and a great businesswoman in herself; creating fashion, breaking taboos and provoking controversies." Title: Christopher Sean Passage: Christopher Sean (born October 25, 1985) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Bing Lee in the critically acclaimed web series The Lizzie Bennet Diaries and his recurring role of Gabriel Waincroft on CBS's Hawaii Five - 0. He currently portrays the role of Paul Narita on the NBC soap opera Days of Our Lives. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: In 1978, she dropped out of college and relocated to New York City. She had little money and worked as a waitress at Dunkin' Donuts and with modern dance troupes, taking classes at the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater and eventually performing with Pear Lang Dance Theater. Madonna said of her move to New York, "It was the first time I'd ever taken a plane, the first time I'd ever gotten a taxi cab. I came here with $35 in my pocket. It was the bravest thing I'd ever done." She started to work as a backup dancer for other established artists. Madonna claimed that during a late night she was returning from a rehearsal, when a pair of men held her at knifepoint and forced her to perform fellatio. Madonna later commented that "the episode was a taste of my weakness, it showed me that I still could not save myself in spite of all the strong-girl show. I could never forget it."	[ "Madonna (entertainer)" ]
When did the team Seth Maness played for last win the World Series?	2011	[]	Title: J.League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001 Passage: J-League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001 is a sports video game developed by Konami for the PlayStation exclusively in Japan on June 2001. It is an addition to the Winning Eleven J-League series, and the successor to the J-League Winning Eleven 2000. The game only features club teams (no national teams) and teams from both tiers of the J. League totalling 28 teams. The game also features seven foreign teams from the European football leagues.The game uses the ISS Pro Evolution 2 engine. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the "Lovable Losers" because of this distinction. They are also known as "The North Siders" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals. Title: Seth Maness Passage: Michael Seth Maness ( ; born October 14, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher in the Texas Rangers organization. He previously played in MLB for the St. Louis Cardinals and Kansas City Royals. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. Title: Pittsburgh Pirates Passage: The franchise joined the NL in its eighth season in 1887 and was competitive from its early years, winning three NL titles from 1901 to 1903, playing in the inaugural World Series in 1903 and winning their first World Series in 1909 behind Honus Wagner. The Pirates have had many ups and downs during their long history, most famously winning the 1960 World Series against the New York Yankees on a game - winning walk - off home run by Bill Mazeroski, the only time that Game 7 of the World Series has ever ended with a home run. They also won the 1971 World Series, led by the talent of Roberto Clemente, and the 1979 World Series under the slogan ``We Are Family '', led by`` Pops'' Willie Stargell. Title: Curse of the Billy Goat Passage: The Curse of the Billy Goat was a sports - related curse supposedly placed on the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise in 1945, by Billy Goat Tavern owner William Sianis. The curse lasted 71 years, from 1945 to 2016. Because the odor of his pet goat, named Murphy, was bothering other fans, Sianis was asked to leave Wrigley Field, the Cubs' home ballpark, during game 4 of the 1945 World Series. Outraged, Sianis allegedly declared, ``Them Cubs, they ai n't gon na win no more, ''which had been interpreted to mean that either the Cubs would never win another National League (NL) pennant, or that they would never again win a World Series. Title: St. Louis Cardinals Passage: St. Louis Cardinals 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season Established in 1882 Team logo Cap insignia Major league affiliations National League (1892 -- present) Central Division (1994 -- present) East Division (1969 -- 1993) American Association (1882 -- 1891) Current uniform Retired numbers 6 9 10 14 17 20 24 42 42 45 85 Colors Red, midnight navy blue, yellow, white Name St. Louis Cardinals (1900 -- present) St. Louis Perfectos (1899) St. Louis Browns (1883 -- 1898) St. Louis Brown Stockings (1882) Other nicknames The Cards, The Redbirds, The Birds, Birds on the Bat Ballpark Busch Stadium (III) (2006 -- present) Busch Memorial Stadium (1966 -- 2005) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (II) (1966 -- 1982) Sportsman's Park (1920 -- 1966) a.k.a. Busch Stadium (I) (1953 -- 1966) Robison Field (1893 -- 1920) a.k.a. Cardinal Field (1917 -- 1920) a.k.a. League Park (1899 -- 1911) a.k.a. Sportsman's Park (II) (1893 -- 1899) Sportsman's Park (1882 -- 1892) Major league titles World Series titles (11) 1926 1931 1934 1942 1944 1946 1964 1967 1982 2006 2011 NL Pennants (19) 1926 1928 1930 1931 1934 1942 1943 1944 1946 1964 1967 1968 1982 1985 2006 2011 2013 Central Division titles (10) 2000 2002 2005 2006 2009 2013 2014 2015 East Division titles (3) 1982 1985 Wild card berths (3) 2001 2011 2012 Front office Owner (s) William DeWitt Jr. Manager Mike Matheny General Manager Mike Girsch President of Baseball Operations John Mozeliak Title: Andy Roddick Passage: In 2015, Roddick played for the Austin Aces in World Team Tennis. This was his eighth season in World Team Tennis and the fifth team for which he has played. He was also the 2015 Champion of the QQQ Champions Series; a feat that he repeated again in 2017. Title: Major League Baseball schedule Passage: The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series). Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as "The Lovable Losers." The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the "Curse of the Billy Goat" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series. Title: 1903 World Series Passage: The 1903 World Series was the first modern World Series to be played in Major League Baseball. It matched the Boston Americans of the American League against the Pittsburgh Pirates of the National League in a best - of - nine series, with Boston prevailing five games to three, winning the last four. Title: English cricket team in Scotland in 2018 Passage: The England cricket team toured Scotland to play a One Day International (ODI) at The Grange Club, Edinburgh, on 10 June 2018. The match was followed by two Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) against Pakistan on the same ground on 12 and 13 June. The last time the two teams played in an ODI against each other was in the 2015 Cricket World Cup, with England winning by 119 runs. In May 2018, Cricket Scotland named a provisional 24 - man squad for the matches against England and Pakistan.	[ "St. Louis Cardinals", "Seth Maness" ]
What is the enrolment at campus where the Administration/Science Building is located?	72,000	[]	Title: Monona County Courthouse Passage: The Monona County Courthouse, located in Onawa, Iowa, United States, was built in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource. The courthouse is the third building the county has used for court functions and county administration. Title: Administration/Science Building Passage: The Administration/Science Building, originally known as Science Hall, is a building on the campus of Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona. It is the second-oldest building on campus, constructed in 1909. It currently houses the University Club, a members-only institution open to faculty, staff and community members. Title: Arizona State University Passage: ASU is one of the largest public universities by enrollment in the U.S. It had approximately 72,000 students enrolled in fall 2016, including nearly 59,000 undergraduate and more than 13,000 graduate students. ASU's charter, approved by the board of regents in 2014, is based on the ``New American University ''model created by ASU President Crow. It defines ASU as`` a comprehensive public research university, measured not by whom it excludes, but rather by whom it includes and how they succeed; advancing research and discovery of public value; and assuming fundamental responsibility for the economic, social, cultural and overall health of the communities it serves.''	[ "Arizona State University", "Administration/Science Building" ]
In what year did France host the finals of the competition featuring Samoa for going on 30 years?	2007	[]	Title: Samoa Passage: Rugby union is the national sport in Samoa and the national team, nicknamed the Manu Samoa, is consistently competitive against teams from vastly more populous nations. Samoa has competed at every Rugby World Cup since 1991, and made the quarter finals in 1991, 1995 and the second round of the 1999 World Cup. At the 2003 world cup, Manu Samoa came close to beating eventual world champions, England. Samoa also played in the Pacific Nations Cup and the Pacific Tri-Nations. The sport is governed by the Samoa Rugby Football Union, who are members of the Pacific Islands Rugby Alliance, and thus, also contribute to the international Pacific Islanders rugby union team. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: The rugby union team The Rock is the Eastern Canadian entry in the Americas Rugby Championship. The Rock play their home games at Swilers Rugby Park, as did the Rugby Canada Super League champions for 2005 and 2006, the Newfoundland Rock. The city hosted a Rugby World Cup qualifying match between Canada and the USA on 12 August 2006, where the Canadians heavily defeated the USA 56–7 to qualify for the 2007 Rugby World Cup finals in France. The 2007 age-grade Rugby Canada National Championship Festival was held in the city. Title: History of the FIFA World Cup Passage: The 1998 World Cup was held in France, and had an expanded format featuring 32 teams. Iran beat the Maldives in qualification by the widest margin in World Cup history -- 17 -- 0. In the finals, the second round match between France and Paraguay witnessed the first golden goal in World Cup history, as Laurent Blanc scored to give the hosts a 1 -- 0 victory. Hosts France won the tournament by beating Brazil 3 -- 0 in the final, as the scorer of four goals in the tournament, Ronaldo, appeared to be less than a hundred percent in the match, and was unable to make any impact. Debutants Croatia finished a commendable third.	[ "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador", "Samoa" ]
1994 Tour of the country whose official name is sometimes known as the country having Boesingheliede is a type of what?	Ronde van Nederland	[]	Title: Holland Passage: Holland North and South Holland (in orange) shown together within the Netherlands Country Netherlands Largest settlements List (show) Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Haarlem Zoetermeer Dordrecht Leiden Area Total 5,488 km (2,119 sq mi) Population (January 2017) Total 6,466,735 Density 1,200 / km (3,100 / sq mi) Demonym (s) Hollander Time zone CET (UTC + 1) Summer (DST) CEST (UTC + 2) Title: 1994 Ronde van Nederland Passage: These are the results for the 34th edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 15 to August 19, 1994. The race started in Breda (Noord-Brabant) and finished in Valkenburg (Limburg). Title: Boesingheliede Passage: Boesingheliede () is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 12 km west of Amsterdam.	[ "1994 Ronde van Nederland", "Holland", "Boesingheliede" ]
Who is the chief minister of the part of India where the Maratha Kingdom was located?	Devendra Fadnavis	[]	Title: Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Passage: Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (formerly known as Garhwal University) is a Central University located in Srinagar town in the Pauri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand state in northern India. Named after Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna, former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, the university is residential cum affiliating with jurisdiction over Garhwal region. It is on the banks of the river Alaknanda in the mid-Himalayas. Title: Kallakudy Passage: Kallakudi or Dalmiapuram is a small township in the Tiruchirapalli district of Tamil Nadu in India. It is located at a distance of 40 km from Tiruchirapalli Junction. This is the place which turned the career of Karunanidhi, the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu. Title: Battle of Farrukhabad Passage: The Battle of Farrukhabad (14 November 1804) was an engagement during the Second Anglo-Maratha War between forces of the British East India Company and those of Maharaja Yashwantrao Holkar of the Maratha Empire. Title: List of chief ministers of Uttar Pradesh Passage: On 26 January 1950 Govind Ballabh Pant, Premier of United Provinces, became the first Chief Minister of the newly renamed Uttar Pradesh. Including him, 11 out of UP's 21 chief ministers belonged to the Indian National Congress. Among these is V.P. Singh, a future Prime Minister of India, as was Charan Singh of the Rashtriya Lok Dal. UP has also had two women chief ministers -- Sucheta Kriplani and Mayawati. On ten occasions, most recently in 2002, the state has come under President's rule, leaving the office of chief minister vacant. Title: Maratha Empire Passage: The Marathas were a Marathi warrior group from the western Deccan Plateau (present day Maharashtra) that rose to prominence by establishing a Hindavi Swarajya. The Marathas became prominent in the seventeenth century under the leadership of Shivaji who revolted against the Adil Shahi dynasty and the Mughal Empire and carved out a kingdom with Raigad as his capital. Known for their mobility, the Marathas were able to consolidate their territory during the Mughal -- Maratha Wars and later controlled a large part of the Indian subcontinent. Title: List of chief ministers of Maharashtra Passage: The state of Maharashtra was formed by dissolution of the Bombay State on 1 May 1960. Yashwantrao Chavan, who was serving as the third CM of Bombay State since 1956, became the first CM of Maharashtra. He belonged to the Indian National Congress and held the office until the 1962 Assembly elections. Marotrao Kannanwar succeeded him and was the only CM to die while in office. Vasantrao Naik, who was in office from December 1963 to February 1975 for more than 11 years, has by far been the longest serving CM. He also was the first and only CM to complete his full term of five years (1967 - 1972). With the exceptions of Manohar Joshi (Shiv Sena), Narayan Rane (Shiv Sena) and Devendra Fadnavis (Bharatiya Janata Party), all other CMs have been from the Congress or its breakaway parties. So far, President's rule has been imposed twice in the state: first from February to June 1980 and again from September to October 2014. Devendra Fadnavis is the incumbent CM since 31 October 2014, the first from the BJP. Title: Pawan Kumar Chamling Passage: Chamling is the longest standing current Chief minister of any state in India and the second longest serving Chief minister after India's independence, behind Jyoti Basu. Prior to establishing the Sikkim Democratic Front, Chamling served as Minister for Industries, Information and Public Relations from 1989 to 1992 in the Nar Bahadur Bhandari cabinet. Title: Battle of Poona Passage: The Battle of Poona took place on 25 October 1802 near Pune between the rival factions of the Maratha Confederacy. The forces of the Scindia (Shinde) and the Peshwa Bajirao II were attacked by the Holkars. While the British East India Company was not involved in the battle, its outcome and aftermath led to the Second Anglo-Maratha War. Title: Modern history Passage: On the Indian subcontinent, the Mughal Empire ruled most of India in the early 18th century. The "classic period" ended with the death and defeat of Emperor Aurangzeb in 1707 by the rising Hindu Maratha Empire, although the dynasty continued for another 150 years. During this period, the Empire was marked by a highly centralized administration connecting the different regions. All the significant monuments of the Mughals, their most visible legacy, date to this period which was characterised by the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and architectural results. The Maratha Empire was located in the south west of present-day India and expanded greatly under the rule of the Peshwas, the prime ministers of the Maratha empire. In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat which halted imperial expansion and the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states. Title: History of India Passage: By the early 18th century, the Maratha Kingdom had transformed itself into the Maratha Empire under the rule of the Peshwas (prime ministers). In 1737, the Marathas defeated a Mughal army in their capital, Delhi itself in Battle of Delhi (1737). The Marathas continued their military campaigns against Mughals, Nizam, Nawab of Bengal and Durrani Empire to further extend their boundaries. Gordon explained how the Maratha systematically took control over new regions. They would start with annual raids, followed by collecting ransom from villages and towns while the declining Mughal Empire retained nominal control and finally taking over the region. He explained it with the example of Malwa region. Marathas built an efficient system of public administration known for its attention to detail. It succeeded in raising revenue in districts that recovered from years of raids, up to levels previously enjoyed by the Mughals. For example, the cornerstone of the Maratha rule in Malwa rested on the 60 or so local tax collectors who advanced the Maratha ruler Peshwa a portion of their district revenues at interest. By 1760, the domain of the Marathas stretched across practically the entire subcontinent. The north-western expansion of the Marathas was stopped after the Third Battle of Panipat (1761). However, the Maratha authority in the north was re-established within a decade under Peshwa Madhavrao I. The defeat of Marathas by British in third Anglo-Maratha Wars brought end to the empire by 1820. The last peshwa, Baji Rao II, was defeated by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War. With the defeat of the Marathas, no native power represented any significant threat for the British afterwards. Title: East India Company Passage: With the gradual weakening of the Marathas in the aftermath of the three Anglo-Maratha wars, the British also secured the Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat, the fort of Ahmmadnagar, province of Cuttack (which included Mughalbandi/the coastal part of Odisha, Garjat/the princely states of Odisha, Balasore Port, parts of Midnapore district of West Bengal), Bombay (Mumbai) and the surrounding areas, leading to a formal end of the Maratha empire and firm establishment of the British East India Company in India. Title: Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University Passage: The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, or TNMGRMU for short, is a government medical university centered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is named after the former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, Dr. M.G.Ramachandran (M.G.R.) and is the second-largest health sciences university in India.	[ "List of chief ministers of Maharashtra", "Maratha Empire" ]
When did Italy enter the war that Albert I of Svetlana Bolshakova's birth country fought in?	1915	[]	Title: British Empire Passage: Peace between England and the Netherlands in 1688 meant that the two countries entered the Nine Years' War as allies, but the conflict—waged in Europe and overseas between France, Spain and the Anglo-Dutch alliance—left the English a stronger colonial power than the Dutch, who were forced to devote a larger proportion of their military budget on the costly land war in Europe. The 18th century saw England (after 1707, Britain) rise to be the world's dominant colonial power, and France becoming its main rival on the imperial stage. Title: Michele Bianchi Passage: Michele Bianchi's attitude during World War I mirrored that of Benito Mussolini: he became an active supporter of Italy's entry into the conflict, and advocate of irredentism. Title: Evelyn Einstein Passage: Einstein was born in Chicago; after her birth she was adopted by Hans Albert Einstein. Towards the end of her life, she recounted that as a child she was told she was an illegitimate daughter of Albert Einstein and a ballet dancer; however, she had no documentation supporting this claim. She obtained a Master's degree in Medieval literature at University of California, Berkeley. She was married to Grover Krantz for 13 years from 1964 to about 1977. She then worked briefly as an animal control officer, as a cult deprogrammer, and as a Berkeley, California, reserve police officer. Title: Anna Campori Passage: Born in Rome, Italy, after the debut on stage in a small company of prose Campori moved shortly after into avanspettacolo and revue, entering the company of the De Vico Brothers with whom she toured across Italy during the Second World War. Title: Al-Qubeir massacre Passage: The Al-Qubeir massacre (), also known as the Hama massacre, occurred in the small village of Al-Qubeir near Hama, Syria, on 6 June 2012 during the country's ongoing civil conflict. Al-Qubeir is described as a Sunni farming settlement surrounded by Alawite villages in the central province of Hama. According to preliminary evidence, troops had surrounded the village which was followed by pro-government Shabiha militia entering the village and killing civilians with "barbarity," UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told the UN Security Council. Title: Military history of Italy during World War I Passage: On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916). Title: Battle of France Passage: The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and attempted an invasion of France. Title: 1896 Summer Olympics Passage: The concept of national teams was not a major part of the Olympic movement until the Intercalated Games 10 years later, though many sources list the nationality of competitors in 1896 and give medal counts. There are significant conflicts with regard to which nations competed. The International Olympic Committee gives a figure of 14, but does not list them. The following 14 are most likely the ones recognised by the IOC. Some sources list 12, excluding Chile and Bulgaria; others list 13, including those two but excluding Italy. Egypt is also sometimes included because of Dionysios Kasdaglis' participation. Belgium and Russia had entered the names of competitors, but withdrew. Title: Silvester of Troina Passage: Silvester of Troina was a Basilian monk, who originally entered the monastery at Bari, Italy, but fled when he was to be appointed abbot. Silvester then lived the rest of his life as a hermit. Title: Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation Passage: The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium. Title: Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts Passage: The Kashmir issue has been the main cause, whether direct or indirect, of all major conflicts between the two countries with the exception of the Indo - Pakistani War of 1971 where conflict originated due to turmoil in erstwhile East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Title: Svetlana Bolshakova Passage: Svetlana Bolshakova (; born 14 October 1984) is a Russian-born triple jumper of who competes for Belgium internationally. She married Belgian high jumper Stijn Stroobants in August 2006 and acquired the Belgian nationality in July 2008.	[ "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation", "Military history of Italy during World War I", "Svetlana Bolshakova" ]
Before it was a commonwealth, what was the country where Kristina Lennox-Silva is from?	a key part of the Spanish Empire	[]	Title: List of countries and territories with the Union Jack displayed on their flag Passage: This is a list of countries and territories with a flag that incorporates the Union Jack. Six Commonwealth nations have the Union Jack on their national flag. The first Commonwealth country to drop the Union Jack was Canada in 1965, after adopting a new national flag. The most recent country to drop the Union Jack from its flag was South Africa in 1994, after adopting a new national flag. The only overseas territory without the Union Jack on its current flag is Gibraltar. Title: Kristina Lennox-Silva Passage: Kristina Lennox-Silva (born April 24, 1985 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is a female freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Puerto Rico, who was born in the United States. During her college career she swam for Villanova University and was a multiple time Big East finalist as well earning her All-Big East status. She represented Puerto Rico at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China and 2009 World Aquatics Championships in Rome, Italy. She is the sister of Douglas Lennox-Silva, who also competed as a swimmer at the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2009 World Championships. Title: History of Puerto Rico Passage: Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the New World. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The smallest of the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico was a stepping - stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church.	[ "History of Puerto Rico", "Kristina Lennox-Silva" ]
When did the organization where George Lyon serve invade the island?	1773	[]	Title: Norman conquest of southern Italy Passage: In 1091, Roger invaded Malta and subdued the walled city of Mdina. He imposed taxes on the islands, but allowed the Arab governors to continue their rule. In 1127 Roger II abolished the Muslim government, replacing it with Norman officials. Under Norman rule, the Arabic spoken by the Greek Christian islanders for centuries of Muslim domination became Maltese. Title: Soviet invasion of Poland Passage: The Soviet invasion of Poland was a Soviet military operation that started without a formal declaration of war on 17 September 1939. On that morning, 16 days after Germany invaded Poland from the west, the Soviet Union invaded Poland from the east. Subsequent military operations lasted for the following 20 days and ended on 6 October 1939 with the two - way division and annexation of the entire territory of the Second Polish Republic by both Germany and the Soviet Union. The joint German - Soviet invasion of Poland was secretly agreed to following the signing of the Molotov - Ribbentrop Pact on 23 August 1939. Title: George Lyon (Canadian politician) Passage: George Lyon (1790 – 26 March 1851) was a captain in the British Army and a Canadian businessman and politician. Title: Lyons (community), Wisconsin Passage: Lyons is an unincorporated community located in the town of Lyons, in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. Lyons is located on Wisconsin Highway 36 west-southwest of Burlington. Lyons has a post office with ZIP code 53148. Title: Lyon Peak Passage: Lyon Peak () is a peak rising to about south of Milburn Bay on the west side of Trinity Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It was photographed by the Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition, 1956, and mapped from these photos. The peak was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1960 after Percy C. Lyon (1862–1952) of the British Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, who was chairman of the interdepartmental committee on research and development of the Antarctic area, 1917–20. Title: Legislature of the Virgin Islands Passage: The Legislature of the Virgin Islands is the territorial legislature of the United States Virgin Islands. The legislative branch of the unincorporated U.S. territory is unicameral, with a single house consisting of 15 senators, elected to two-year terms without term limits. The territorial legislature meets in the capital of Charlotte Amalie on the island of St. Thomas. Title: Cape Lyon Passage: Cape Lyon is located in the Northwest Territories, Canada within Darnley Bay, from Clapperton Island. The cape was named in honor of Captain George Francis Lyon, R.N. by John Franklin. The topography presents with gently swelling eminences, covered with a grassy sward, and intersected by several narrow ridges of rocks, rising about . The coast ridges form high cliffs. Clay-slate and limestone lie in nearly horizontal strata beneath them. The view inland terminates with the Melville Range. Title: Musée Gadagne Passage: The Musée Gadagne is a museum located in the center of the Vieux Lyon, in the Saint-Jean quarter, in the 5th arrondissement of Lyon. It is composed of the Musée d'histoire de Lyon (Museum of Lyon History) and the Musée des marionnettes du monde (Museum of world puppets). The building was classified as monument historique in 1920. It was successively acquired by the city of Lyon between 1902 and 1941. After the finding of its obsolescence, the museum closed in 1998 for more than ten years of renovation and expansion. It was re-opened on 12 June 2009. Title: Barton Peninsula Passage: Barton Peninsula is a small peninsula separating Marian Cove and Potter Cove at the southwest end of King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1963 for Colin Barton, Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey geologist who worked in this part of King George Island, 1959-61. Title: Eritrean Air Force Passage: The Eritrean Air Force (ERAF) is the official aerial warfare service branch of the Eritrean Defence Forces and is one of the three official uniformed military branches of the State of Eritrea. Title: Saint Barthélemy Passage: Other trees of note include the royal palm, sea grape trees in the form of shrubs on the beaches and as 5 to 7 m trees in the interior areas of the island, aloe or aloe vera (brought from the Mediterranean), the night blooming cereus, mamillaria nivosa, yellow prickly pear or barbary fig which was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army in 1773, Mexican cactus, stapelia gigantea, golden trumpet or yellow bell which was originally from South America, bougainvillea and others. Title: A432 autoroute Passage: The A432 autoroute is a motorway in Lyon, France. It connects the A46 with the A42 and A43 serving the airport "Lyon Saint-Exupéry".	[ "Saint Barthélemy", "George Lyon (Canadian politician)" ]
Who wrote the national anthem of the country where Bahamas Association of Athletic Associations is based?	Timothy Gibson	[]	Title: March On, Bahamaland Passage: March On, Bahamaland is the national anthem of the Bahamas. It was composed by Timothy Gibson and adopted in 1973. Title: Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year Passage: Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year Country United States Presented by Country Music Association First awarded 1967 Currently held by Garth Brooks (2017) Title: Bahamas Association of Athletic Associations Passage: The Bahamas Association of Athletic Associations (BAAA) is the governing body for the sport of athletics in the Bahamas. Current president is Rosamunde Carey. She was elected on November 28 2015 for the period 2015-2018. She becomes the first woman elected to the position	[ "Bahamas Association of Athletic Associations", "March On, Bahamaland" ]
When did the state where Big Hatchet Peak is located become part of the US?	January 6, 1912	[]	Title: The Way I Live Passage: ``The Way I Live ''is a 2006 single from New Orleans, Louisiana rapper Baby Boy Da Prince, from his debut album Across the Water. It features Lil Boosie and was produced by D - Weezy. It peaked number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming a big commercial success. There are two versions, one featuring only Lil Boosie and one featuring only P. Town Moe. Title: Excerpt from A Teenage Opera Passage: "Excerpt from 'A Teenage Opera'" (also known as "Grocer Jack") is a 1967 single by Keith West, produced by Mark Wirtz. It was a big hit in Europe, peaking at number two on the UK Singles Chart. The single was part of a bigger "A Teenage Opera" project. Title: Montana Passage: East of the divide, several roughly parallel ranges cover the southern part of the state, including the Gravelly Range, the Madison Range, Gallatin Range, Absaroka Mountains and the Beartooth Mountains. The Beartooth Plateau is the largest continuous land mass over 10,000 feet (3,000 m) high in the continental United States. It contains the highest point in the state, Granite Peak, 12,799 feet (3,901 m) high. North of these ranges are the Big Belt Mountains, Bridger Mountains, Tobacco Roots, and several island ranges, including the Crazy Mountains and Little Belt Mountains. Title: Pike's Peak Gold Rush Passage: The participants in the gold rush were known as ``Fifty - Niners ''after 1859, the peak year of the rush and often used the motto Pike's Peak or Bust! But in fact the location of the Pike's Peak Gold Rush was 85 miles (137 km) north of Pike's Peak. It was only named Pike's Peak Gold Rush because of how well known and important Pike's Peak was. Title: Big Hatchet Peak Passage: Big Hatchet Peak is the high point of the Big Hatchet Mountains, a small but rugged range in the southwest corner (the "Bootheel") of New Mexico, in the United States. The mountains are located in southeast Hidalgo County, about southwest of Deming. The range runs roughly northwest-southeast, and is about long; the southeastern edge of the range is within of the border with Mexico. They lie primarily on BLM land. Title: New Mexico Territory Passage: The Territory of New Mexico was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed (with varying boundaries) from September 9, 1850, until January 6, 1912, when the remaining extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of New Mexico, making it the longest - lived organized incorporated territory of the United States, lasting approximately 62 years. Title: The Riddler (Idaho) Passage: The Riddler, at above sea level is the third highest peak in the Lemhi Range of Idaho. The peak is located in Butte County on the border of Caribou-Targhee National Forest and Salmon-Challis National Forest. Diamond Peak is north of the peak and Big Boy Peak is to the southeast. It is the 41st highest peak in Idaho. Title: Big Bend National Park Passage: Big Bend National Park The Rio Grande runs through Cañón de Santa Elena - Mexico on the left and Big Bend National Park, U.S. on the right Country United States State Texas Region Chihuahuan Desert City Alpine (nearest) River Rio Grande Location Brewster County, Texas - coordinates 29 ° 15 ′ 0 ''N 103 ° 15 ′ 0'' W / 29.25000 ° N 103.25000 ° W / 29.25000; - 103.25000 Coordinates: 29 ° 15 ′ 0 ''N 103 ° 15 ′ 0'' W / 29.25000 ° N 103.25000 ° W / 29.25000; - 103.25000 Highest point - location Emory Peak, Chisos Mountains - elevation 7,832 ft (2,387 m) Lowest point - location Rio Grande - elevation 1,800 ft (549 m) Area 801,163 acres (324,219 ha) Founded June 12, 1944 Management National Park Service Visitation 388,290 (2016) IUCN category II - National Park Show map of Texas Show map of the US Show all Website: Big Bend National Park Title: Galloway, Ohio Passage: Galloway is an unincorporated community west of the city of Columbus in southern Prairie Township, Franklin County, Ohio, United States. The 43119 ZIP Code, however (which carries a Galloway mailing address) covers a significant portion of rural and suburban western Franklin County, as well as parts of western Columbus, and locals might use the name Galloway to refer to any location in the area roughly bounded by I-70, Galloway Rd, Alkire Rd, and Big Darby Creek; such a location is seldom in the community of Galloway proper. The Galloway Post Office is located within the city of Columbus about two miles north of the actual community of Galloway, which lies at the intersection of Galloway Road and Sullivant Avenue. Title: Neuburg Peak Passage: Neuburg Peak is a jagged rock peak in Antarctica, 1,840 m, rising 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) east of Walker Peak in the southwest part of Dufek Massif, Pensacola Mountains. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos from 1956-66. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Hugo A.C. Neuburg, a glaciologist at Ellsworth Station and a member of the first party to visit Dufek Massif in December 1957. Title: California Dreamin' Passage: Sia recorded the song for the disaster film San Andreas. The song came out in May 2015 and was featured in the movie's trailers. The song reached the top 20 in Lebanon, peaking at No. 14 and becoming a big airplay gainer there, position no. 92 on the UK Singles Chart, No. 44 on the Scottish Singles Chart, No. 87 on the chart SNEP Singles Chart. Title: Sia (musician) Passage: By early 2016, the album had sold 1 million copies worldwide.1000 Forms of Fear's lead single, "Chandelier" was released in March 2014. The song peaked at No. 8 on the US Billboard Hot 100, becoming Sia's first entry on that chart as a lead artist. Elsewhere, the song experienced similar commercial success, ranking in the top ten of the record charts in Australia and numerous European regions. As of January 2015, the single had sold 2 million copies in the United States. "Eye of the Needle" and "Big Girls Cry" were released as the second and third singles from the album, respectively, in June 2014.	[ "Big Hatchet Peak", "New Mexico Territory" ]
How much was pledged by the country where Audrey Rose's author held a citizenship?	$40 million	[]	Title: Audrey Rose (novel) Passage: Audrey Rose is a novel written by Frank De Felitta, published in 1975. about a couple confronted with the idea that their young daughter might be the reincarnation of another man's child. The book was inspired by an incident in which De Felitta's young son began displaying unusual talents and interests, leading an occultist to suggest to De Felitta that the child might be remembering a previous life. The book was followed by a 1982 sequel, "For Love of Audrey Rose". Title: Dark Night of the Scarecrow Passage: Dark Night of the Scarecrow is a 1981 American made-for-television slasher film directed by veteran novelist Frank De Felitta (author of "Audrey Rose") from a script by J.D. Feigelson. Feigelson's intent had been to make an independent feature, but his script was bought by CBS for television; despite this, only minor changes were made to the original screenplay. Title: United Nations Environment Programme Passage: The need of the developing laws such as the International Labor Organization(ILO), the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO), and the World Health Organization(WHO), led to the 1972 U.N. Conference on Human Environment(the Stockholm Conference) to tackle the pollution caused by the industrial revolution during the 1960s and 1970s. In this conference, various topics including marine life, protection of resources, environment change, disasters related to nature, and biological change were discussed. This conference resulted in a Declaration on the Human Environment (Stockholm Declaration) and the establishment of an environmental management body, which later was named United Nations Environment Program(UNEP). UNEP was established by General Assembly Resolution 2997. Headquarters were established in Nairobi and Kenya with a staff of 300, including 100 professionals in a variety of fields, and with a five-year fund of more than US$100 million. At the time, US$40 million were pledged by The United States and the remainder by 50 other nations. The Voluntary Indicative Scale of Contribution (VISC) established in 2002 has the role to increase the supporters of the UNEP. The finances related to all programs of UNEP is voluntarily contributed by U.N. member states. The Environmental Fund, which all nations of UNEP invest in, is the core source of UNEP’ s programs. Between 1974 and 1986 UNEP produced more than 200 technical guidelines or manuals on environment including forest and water management, pest control, pollution monitoring, the relationship between chemical use and health, and management of industry.	[ "Audrey Rose (novel)", "United Nations Environment Programme", "Dark Night of the Scarecrow" ]
What country is the Representative of the place Carcass Island is located in the city where the first Pan African Conference was held part of?	United Kingdom	[ "G B", "UK" ]	Title: Port Patterson Passage: Port Patterson is a settlement on Carcass Island in the western Falkland Islands. It takes its name from the bay it is on, on the south west coast of the island. It was founded in the late 19th century. Title: Peter Szmidt Passage: Szmidt competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics and was supposed to represent his native country at the 1980 Summer Olympics, but didn't start due to the international boycott of the Moscow Games. A resident of Sarnia, Ontario he won a total number of three medals at the 1979 Pan American Games. Title: Yosmani Piker Passage: Yosmani Piker (born April 26, 1987 in Havana) is a male judoka from Cuba, who won the silver medal in the extra lightweight division (– 60 kg) at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. He represented his native country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, PR China. Title: Francisco Morales Vivas Passage: Francisco Morales Vivas (born August 31, 1971) is a retired male judoka from Argentina. He claimed the gold medal in the Men's Featherweight (– 65 kg) division at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba. Morales represented his native country in two consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1992. Title: Representative of the Falkland Islands, London Passage: The Representative of the Falkland Islands in London is the diplomatic mission of the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands in the United Kingdom, also referred to as Falkland House. It was opened in 1983, one year after the Falklands War. Title: Víctor Maldonado Passage: Víctor Maldonado Flores (born August 3, 1939 in Lagunillas, Zulia) is a retired track and field athlete from Venezuela. He competed in the hurdling events. Maldonado represented his native country at three consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1960. He was second in the 1963 Pan American Games 4 × 400 metres relay (with Hortensio Fucil, Arístides Pineda and Leslie Mentor). In the 1959 Pan American Games, Maldonado finished sixth in the 400 metres hurdles and in the 1963 Pan American Games 400 metres hurdles he finished fourth. Title: Franco Neto Passage: Franco José Vieira Neto (born November 11, 1966 in Fortaleza, Ceará) is a beach volleyball player from Brazil, who won the bronze medal in the men's beach team competition at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, partnering Roberto Lopes. He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. Title: Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1991 Passage: Spain was represented by Sergio Dalma at the Eurovision Song Contest 1991, held in Rome, Italy. Dalma was selected internally by Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE), the Spanish broadcaster, to represent the country at the contest in Italy with the song "Bailar pegados". Title: Namibia Passage: Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd Title: First Pan-African Conference Passage: The First Pan-African Conference was held in London from 23 to 25 July 1900 (just prior to the Paris Exhibition of 1900 ``in order to allow tourists of African descent to attend both events ''). Organized primarily by the Trinidadian barrister Henry Sylvester Williams, it took place in Westminster Town Hall (now Caxton Hall) and was attended by 37 delegates and about 10 other participants and observers from Africa, the West Indies, the US and the UK, including Samuel Coleridge Taylor (the youngest delegate), John Alcindor, Dadabhai Naoroji, John Archer, Henry Francis Downing, and W.E.B. Du Bois, with Bishop Alexander Walters of the AME Zion Church taking the chair. Du Bois played a leading role, drafting a letter (`` Address to the Nations of the World'') to European leaders appealing to them to struggle against racism, to grant colonies in Africa and the West Indies the right to self - government and demanding political and other rights for African Americans. Title: Mariela González Passage: Mariela González Torres (born 5 April 1974) is a female marathon runner from Cuba, who won the gold medal in the women's marathon at the 2007 Pan American Games. She represented her native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, finishing in 59th place. Title: Ababel Yeshaneh Passage: Ababel Yeshaneh Birhane (born 22 July 1991) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in track, road and cross country events. She represented her country in the 10,000 metres at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics, coming ninth, and ranked fifth in the world on time that year. She was a team silver medallist at the African Cross Country Championships in 2014.	[ "First Pan-African Conference", "Port Patterson", "Representative of the Falkland Islands, London" ]
How did the organization that the State of the Union applies to rank Switzerland's economy?	Europe's most innovative country	[ "Europe" ]	Title: Switzerland Passage: Switzerland has one of the best environmental records among nations in the developed world; it was one of the countries to sign the Kyoto Protocol in 1998 and ratified it in 2003. With Mexico and the Republic of Korea it forms the Environmental Integrity Group (EIG). The country is heavily active in recycling and anti-littering regulations and is one of the top recyclers in the world, with 66% to 96% of recyclable materials being recycled, depending on the area of the country. The 2014 Global Green Economy Index ranked Switzerland among the top 10 green economies in the world. Title: State of the Union (European Union) Passage: The Framework Agreement thus also foresees that the President of the European Commission sends a letter of intent to the President of the European Parliament and the Presidency of the Council of the European Union that sets out in detail the actions the European Commission intends to take by means of legislation and other initiatives until the end of the following year. The address is then followed by a general debate on political situation of the Union, the so-called State of the Union debate. Title: Switzerland Passage: The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP.	[ "Switzerland", "State of the Union (European Union)" ]
What county contains the community of Glencoe, in the state where WJQM is located?	Buffalo County	[ "Buffalo County, Wisconsin" ]	Title: Weedpatch Camp Passage: Between April 1935 and December 1936, the federal government's New Deal Resettlement Administration (RA) had relocated many struggling rural and urban families to planned communities. Weedpatch Camp, however, was constructed by the Works Progress Administration. It was located on the outskirts of the small towns of Arvin and Weedpatch. The camp now is located in an unincorporated area of Kern County just south of Bakersfield. Title: WJQM Passage: WJQM (93.1 FM) is a radio station serving Madison, Wisconsin and surrounding areas. The station is owned by Mid-West Family Broadcasting and launched a Rhythmic Contemporary format as "106.7 Jamz" in January 2007 before the move to 93.1 FM in October 2008. Title: Glencoe (community), Wisconsin Passage: Glencoe is an unincorporated community located in the town of Glencoe, in Buffalo County, Wisconsin, United States. Glencoe is west-northwest of Arcadia.	[ "WJQM", "Glencoe (community), Wisconsin" ]
What county is the town where KNFM is licensed the capital of?	Midland County	[ "Midland County, Texas" ]	Title: KNFM Passage: KNFM (92.3 FM), branded as "Lonestar 92", is a Country music formatted radio station that serves the Midland–Odessa metropolitan area. The station broadcasts on FM frequency 92.3 and is under ownership of Townsquare Media. Title: Midland, Texas Passage: Midland is a city in and the county seat of Midland County, Texas, United States, on the Southern Plains of the state's western area. A small portion of the city extends into Martin County. Title: Koumbri Department Passage: Koumbri is a department or commune of Yatenga Province in northern Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Koumbri.	[ "KNFM", "Midland, Texas" ]
Whose name was used to name the country encompassing Gurara?	Niger River	[]	Title: Nigeria Passage: The name "" was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, who later married Lord Lugard, a British colonial administrator. The origin of the name "Niger", which originally applied only to the middle reaches of the Niger River, is uncertain. The word is likely an alteration of the Tuareg name "egerew n-igerewen" used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Title: Gurara Passage: Gurara is a Local Government Area in Niger State, Nigeria, adjoining the Federal Capital Territory. Its headquarters are in the town of Gawu. Title: Camp Connor Passage: Camp Connor was a Union Army outpost established May 23, 1863 by Captain David Black, 3rd Regiment California Volunteer Infantry, by order of Brigadier General Patrick Edward Connor commander of the District of Utah, Department of the Pacific for whom the post was named. Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: John Francis Sheehan Passage: John Francis Sheehan (1910–1942) was a United States Navy sailor killed in action during World War II for whom a destroyer escort was named during the war. Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center Passage: The Alma Grace McDonough Health and Recreation Center is a 2,200 seat multipurpose arena and recreation facility on the campus of Wheeling Jesuit University in Wheeling, West Virginia. The building was constructed thanks to a gift from Alma Grace McDonough, whom the building is named after. Title: 653 Berenike Passage: 653 Berenike is a main-belt asteroid discovered on November 27, 1907, by Joel Hastings Metcalf at Taunton, Massachusetts. It is named after Berenice II of Egypt, after whom the constellation Coma Berenices is also named. Title: Émile Bertrand Passage: Émile Bertrand (1844–1909) was a French mineralogist, in honour of whom bertrandite was named by Alexis Damour. He also gave his name to the "Bertrand lens" or phase telescope. Title: Frank Burr Mallory Passage: Frank Burr Mallory (1862–1941) was an American pathologist at the Boston City Hospital and Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School, after whom the Mallory body is named. Title: Drinkin' Problem Passage: ``Drinkin 'Problem ''is the debut single of the American country music band Midland. It was released on July 27 2017, as the first single from their debut album On the Rocks. The band members wrote the song with Josh Osborne and Shane McAnally, the latter of whom also produced it. Title: Milton F. Pavlic Passage: Milton F. Pavlic (1909–1942) was a United States Navy officer killed in action during World War II for whom a U.S. Navy high-speed transport was named.	[ "Nigeria", "Gurara" ]
Who was in charge of the colony that became the state where Me, Myself and Irene takes place?	Roger Williams	[]	Title: Me, Myself & Irene Passage: Charlie Baileygates (Jim Carrey) is a veteran Rhode Island State Police trooper who has been taken advantage of by those around him, starting with his former wife Layla (Traylor Howard). Despite his friends warning him of Layla's infidelity, Charlie refused to accept she was in an affair, even after she gave birth to triplet black boys, until she ran off with her midget genius black lover, Shonté, abandoning her children. In the present, Charlie has raised the triplets as his own, Jamal, Lee Harvey, and Shonté Jr (Anthony Anderson, Jerod Mixon, Mongo Brownlee), likewise geniuses, but huge in size as compared to their biological father. While Charlie is consistently loved and respected by his ``sons '', he is continually abused by the rest of the town, who see him as a stupid coward whom anyone can easily walk over. As a result of years of such treatment, Charlie develops a split personality named Hank to deal with the confrontations Charlie avoids. Emerging whenever Charlie is under extreme stress, Hank is an over-the - top, rude, and violent persona reminiscent of characters played by Clint Eastwood. A psychiatrist prescribes medication to keep Charlie's Hank personality at bay. Title: Haloacetic acids Passage: Haloacetic acids are carboxylic acids in which a halogen atom takes the place of a hydrogen atom in acetic acid. Thus, in a monohaloacetic acid, a single halogen would replace a hydrogen atom. For example, chloroacetic acid would have the structural formula CHClCOH. In the same manner, in dichloroacetic acid two chlorine atoms would take the place of two hydrogen atoms (CHClCOH). The inductive effect caused by the electronegative halogens often result in the higher acidity of these compounds by stabilising the negative charge of the conjugate base. Title: History of Rhode Island Passage: In 1636, Roger Williams settled on land granted to him by the Narragansett tribe at the tip of Narragansett Bay after being banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for his religious views. He called the site ``Providence Plantations ''and declared it a place of religious freedom.	[ "History of Rhode Island", "Me, Myself & Irene" ]
What percentage of the population of the town WPGG is licensed in was under the age of 18?	25.7%	[]	Title: Appling County, Georgia Passage: In the county, the population was spread out with 27.10% under the age of 18, 9.00% from 18 to 24, 28.50% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 11.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 97.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.30 males. Title: Saint Helena Passage: Household survey results suggest the percentage of households spending less than £20 per week on a per capita basis fell from 27% to 8% between 2000 and 2004, implying a decline in income poverty. Nevertheless, 22% of the population claimed social security benefit in 2006/7, most of them aged over 60, a sector that represents 20% of the population. Title: Retirement Passage: Retirement, or the practice of leaving one's job or ceasing to work after reaching a certain age, has been around since around the 18th century. Prior to the 18th century, the average life expectancy of people was between 26 and 40 years. Due to this, only a small percentage of the population were reaching an age where physical impairments began to be obstacles to working. Retirement as a government policy began to be adopted by countries during the late 19th century and the 20th century, beginning in Germany under Otto Von Bismarck. Title: San Diego Passage: The U.S. Census Bureau reported that in 2000, 24.0% of San Diego residents were under 18, and 10.5% were 65 and over. As of 2011[update] the median age was 35.6; more than a quarter of residents were under age 20 and 11% were over age 65. Millennials (ages 18 through 34) constitute 27.1% of San Diego's population, the second-highest percentage in a major U.S. city. The San Diego County regional planning agency, SANDAG, provides tables and graphs breaking down the city population into 5-year age groups. Title: Estill County, Kentucky Passage: In the county, the population was spread out with 24.20% under the age of 18, 9.10% from 18 to 24, 29.20% from 25 to 44, 24.20% from 45 to 64, and 13.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 93.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.20 males. Title: Flathead County, Montana Passage: The county population contained 25.90% under the age of 18, 7.40% from 18 to 24, 27.40% from 25 to 44, 26.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 98.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.10 males. Title: Columbia County, Florida Passage: In the county, the population was spread out with 25.40% under the age of 18, 9.00% from 18 to 24, 27.70% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 14.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 102.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.70 males. Title: WPGG Passage: WPGG (1450 AM; "WPG Talk Radio 95.5") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Atlantic City, New Jersey. The station is owned by Townsquare Media and the broadcast license is held by Townsquare Media Atlantic City License, LLC. Operating with non-directional 1,000 watts day and night, the station can be heard throughout New Jersey's Ocean, Atlantic, and Cape May Counties and into southern Delaware, coastal Maryland, coastal North Carolina, the southern side of much of Long Island, NY, and southern parts of Cape Cod, MA. Since October 22, 2012, the station broadcasts a talk radio format under the branding "WPG Talk Radio 1450." In May 2016, reflecting the frequency of its FM translator, 104.1 W281BH, the station rebranded as "WPG Talk Radio 104.1." In May 2019, the station moved to a new translator, 95.5 W238CZ with another rebranding as "WPG Talk Radio 95.5" (104.1 became the new home of Classic Rock "Rock 104.1", relaying the signal of WENJ 97.3-HD4). WPGG's transmitter is located in Atlantic City, while its studios are in, and translator transmits from, Northfield, New Jersey. Title: Kaufman County, Texas Passage: In the county, the population was spread out with 29.20% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 29.50% from 25 to 44, 22.40% from 45 to 64, and 10.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.00 males. Title: Philadelphia Passage: During the last decade, Philadelphia experienced a large shift in its age profile. In 2000, the city's population pyramid had a largely stationary shape. In 2013, the city took on an expansive pyramid shape, with an increase in the three millennial age groups, 20 to 24, 25 to 29, and 30 to 34. The city's 25- to 29-year-old age group was the city's largest age cohort. According to the 2010 Census, 343,837 (22.5%) were under the age of 18; 203,697 (13.3%) from 18 to 25; 434,385 (28.5%) from 25 to 44; 358,778 (23.5%) from 45 to 64; and 185,309 (12.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.5 years. For every 100 females there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males. The city had 22,018 births in 2013, down from a peak 23,689 births in 2008. Philadelphia's death rate was at its lowest in at least a half-century, 13,691 deaths in 2013. Another factor attributing to the population increase is Philadelphia's immigration rate. In 2013, 12.7 percent of residents were foreign-born, just shy of the national average, 13.1 percent. Title: Garfield County, Montana Passage: the county population contained 24.50% under the age of 18, 7.10% from 18 to 24, 23.30% from 25 to 44, 25.80% from 45 to 64, and 19.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.40 males. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: In the city the population was spread out with 25.7% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.2 males.	[ "WPGG", "Atlantic City, New Jersey" ]
How many episodes about the Menendez Brothers are in the show Anita Van Buren is from?	eight	[]	Title: Martin Van Buren Passage: Martin Van Buren was born on December 5, 1782, in the village of Kinderhook, New York about 20 miles (32 km) south of Albany on the Hudson River. He was the first President not born a British subject, or even of British ancestry. He was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen, near the town of Buren in the Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631 and had purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island; his son Martin Cornelisen took the surname Van Buren. His father, Abraham Van Buren (1737 -- 1817), owned and operated an inn and tavern, and Martin was born in a house that was attached to the tavern. Abraham Van Buren supported the Patriot cause during the American Revolution as a captain in the Albany County Militia's 7th Regiment, and later joined the Jeffersonian Republicans. He was active in local politics and government, and served as Kinderhook's town clerk from 1787 to 1797. In 1776, Abraham Van Buren married Maria Hoes (or Goes) Van Alen (1747 -- 1818), the widow of Johannes Van Alen. Title: Unconquered (1917 film) Passage: Unconquered is a lost 1917 American drama silent film directed by Frank Reicher and written by Beatrice DeMille and Leighton Osmun. The film stars Fannie Ward, Jack Dean, Hobart Bosworth, Tully Marshall, Mabel Van Buren and Jane Wolfe. The film was released on May 31, 1917, by Paramount Pictures. Title: Philadelphia Eagles Passage: The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Brian Dawkins, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Title: Armin van Buuren Passage: He collaborated with his brother, guitarist Eller van Buuren, at Together As One in Los Angeles, U.S., on New Year's Eve 2009, as well as on Armin's 2008 studio album Imagine. His performance with his brother at Together As One was also the last event of his Armin Only: Imagine world tour. To celebrate the 400th episode of A State of Trance, he performed at three shows with various artists in April, 2009 at Club Butan, Wuppertal, Germany, AIR, Birmingham, United Kingdom and Maassilo, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Title: The Carol Burnett Show Passage: The Carol Burnett Show is an American variety/sketch comedy television show starring Carol Burnett, Harvey Korman, Vicki Lawrence, and Lyle Waggoner. Original episodes ran from 1967 to 1978. In 1975, frequent guest star Tim Conway became a regular after Waggoner left the series. In 1977, Dick Van Dyke replaced Korman but it was agreed that it was not a match and he left after 10 episodes. The show originally ran on CBS from September 11, 1967, to March 29, 1978, for 279 episodes, and again with nine episodes in the fall of 1991. The series originated in CBS Television City's Studio 33, and won 25 primetime Emmy Awards, was ranked number 16 on "TV Guide"s 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time in 2002, and in 2007 was listed as one of "Time" magazine's 100 Best TV Shows of All Time. Title: Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep Passage: ``Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep ''is a poem written in 1932 by Mary Elizabeth Frye. Although the origin of the poem was disputed until later in her life, Mary Frye's authorship was confirmed in 1998 after research by Abigail Van Buren, a newspaper columnist. Title: Philip William, Prince of Orange Passage: Philip William, Prince of Orange (19 December 1554 in Buren, Gelderland – 20 February 1618) was the eldest son of William the Silent by his first wife Anna van Egmont. He became Prince of Orange in 1584 and Knight of the Golden Fleece in 1599. Title: De Prins Van Oranje, Buren Passage: De Prins van Oranje () is a tower mill in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands which was built in 1716 and has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument. Title: The Dick Van Dyke Show Passage: The Dick Van Dyke Show is an American television sitcom that initially aired on CBS from October 3, 1961, to June 1, 1966, with a total of 158 half-hour episodes spanning five seasons. It was produced by Calvada Productions in association with the CBS Television Network and Desilu Studios. The show was created by Carl Reiner and starred Dick Van Dyke, Rose Marie, Morey Amsterdam, Larry Mathews, and Mary Tyler Moore. It centered on the work and home life of television comedy writer Rob Petrie (Van Dyke). The show was produced by Reiner with Bill Persky and Sam Denoff. The music for the show's theme song was written by Earle Hagen. Title: Law & Order True Crime Passage: Law & Order True Crime is an American true crime anthology series that premiered September 26, 2017 on NBC. The series was ordered by NBC on July 15, 2016, and is part of the Law & Order franchise. Created by Rene Balcer, the eight - episode first season, titled Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders, is a dramatization of the trial of Lyle and Erik Menendez, who were convicted in 1996 for the murder of their parents, José and Kitty Menendez. The first season concluded November 14, 2017. Title: Anita Van Buren Passage: Lieutenant Anita Van Buren is a fictional character on NBC's long-running police procedural and legal drama television series "Law & Order", portrayed by S. Epatha Merkerson. Van Buren appeared in 390 episodes of "Law & Order". By episode count, she is the longest-running character on the original show. Van Buren appeared in 392 episodes within the franchise (390 of "Law & Order", the "" episode "Badge" and the "" episode "Skeleton") and "", and is the third longest-running regular character in the "Law & Order" franchise, behind Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) and Donald Cragen (Dann Florek), and the fourth longest-character in the "Law & Order" universe, behind Benson (410 episodes in ""), Cragen (400 episodes in the franchise), and John Munch (Richard Belzer) (246 episodes in the franchise). Title: Mick van Buren Passage: Mick van Buren (born 14 August 1992) is a Dutch footballer who plays for Fortuna Liga club Slavia Prague as a right winger.	[ "Anita Van Buren", "Law & Order True Crime" ]
What state is the town where the killing of the sacred deer was filmed located?	Ohio	[ "OH" ]	Title: Jordsand Passage: Jordsand was a small Danish hallig located in the Wadden Sea southeast of the Danish island Rømø and east of the German island Sylt. The island was first known by the name "Hiortsand" ('deer island') and was possibly connected to both the mainland and the island of Sylt. The old name refers to the presence of deer on the island. Title: Deer High School Passage: Deer High School (DHS) is an accredited comprehensive public high school located in Deer, Arkansas, United States. DHS provides secondary education for approximately 95 students in grades 7 through 12. It is one of four public high schools in Newton County and one of two high schools administered by the Deer/Mount Judea School District. Title: Cincinnatian Hotel Passage: The Cincinnatian Hotel is a registered historic building in Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, listed in the National Register on March 3, 1980. Title: Deer Crossing, California Passage: Deer Crossing is an unincorporated community in Fresno County, California. It is located southeast of Dunlap, at an elevation of 3150 feet (960 m). Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: The Killing of a Sacred Deer Passage: As of August 23, 2016, the film had begun principal photography in Cincinnati, filming at The Christ Hospital. It was also shot in the Hyde Park and Northside neighborhoods. The school scenes in the film were shot at Roger Bacon High School. Title: Artemis Passage: Artemis was one of the most widely venerated of the Ancient Greek deities and her temple at Ephesus was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Artemis' symbols included a bow and arrow, a quiver and hunting knives and the deer and the cypress were sacred to her. The goddess Diana is her Roman equivalent. Title: Peirce Geodetic Monument Passage: The Peirce Geodetic Monument is a marker honoring the late American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced "purse"). It is located on Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) campus in downtown Indianapolis, Indiana, and was installed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Title: Deer Plain, Illinois Passage: Deer Plain is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Illinois, United States. Deer Plain is located in southeastern Calhoun County near the confluence of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. It was named Deer Plain because it was common to see deer grazing in the area. Title: Hall, New York Passage: Hall is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in Ontario County, New York, United States, near the city of Geneva, along State Route 14A in the Town of Seneca. Located in the Finger Lakes region, Hall has a fire department and a post office with a downtown zip code of 14463, though the urbanized area extends beyond this. Hall also has various agricultural enterprises, including a John Deere tractor dealer, a seed production company (Seedway), and a fertilizer company (Hall Fertilizer Corp.). Seedway, a subsidiary of Growmark, serves the entire Northeast and is headquartered in Hall. Title: Killing a Deer Passage: Killing a Deer or A Deer Hunt - The Kill ("L'Hallali du cerf" in French), is a very large picture (355 by 505 cm), representing a hunting scene, painted in 1867 by Gustave Courbet. The picture is currently on display in the Musée d'Orsay of Paris.	[ "Cincinnatian Hotel", "The Killing of a Sacred Deer" ]
What network first aired the show in which David Brandner is a character?	Das Erste	[ "ARD" ]	Title: Verbotene Liebe Passage: Verbotene Liebe (, lit. "Forbidden Love") is a German television soap opera created by Reg Watson for Das Erste. The show is set primarily in the German city of Düsseldorf although, at times, the city of Cologne and the Spanish island of Majorca have figured prominently in the show's story lines. First broadcast on 2 January 1995, "Verbotene Liebe" was originally broadcast in 24-minute episodes, five times a week. It expanded to 45-minute episodes on 21 June 2011 and trimmed back to 40-minute episodes on 23 January 2012 to accommodate an adjusted time-slot. In 2006, Pay-TV network Passion began broadcasting episodes of the show from the beginning. Title: David Brandner Passage: David Brandner is a fictional character on the German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)" portrayed by actor Sven Koller from September 11, 2008 to June 15, 2010. Title: Julia Mendes Passage: Julia Mendes (born Prozeski, adopted von Anstetten and formerly Sander) is a fictional character from the German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)", played by Valerie Niehaus. She is introduced in the series' premiere on January 2, 1995. She departed from the series in July 1997, when Niehaus decided to pursue other roles. The role was surprisingly recast with well-known actress Nina Bott in 2011; reinstating the Brandner family and the original story of the show. Bott appeared for the first time on-screen on June 23, 2011. She eventually finished shooting her story arc in October 2011 and last appeared on January 18, 2012. The character is known as the first protagonist of the show and her main story focuses around the incestuous love to her twin-brother Jan Brandner. Title: Peeping Times Passage: Peeping Times is a comedy special that aired on NBC on January 25, 1978. Co-produced, written and directed by Rudy De Luca and Barry Levinson, the special featured an early broadcast network appearance of David Letterman. David Frost was co-executive producer. The show was a spoof of TV news magazine programs. Title: The Haves and the Have Nots (TV series) Passage: The Haves and the Have Nots is an American crime drama and soap opera created, executive produced, written, and directed by Tyler Perry. The premise of the series is based on Perry's 2011 play The Haves and the Have Nots. The show premiered on May 28, 2013 on the Oprah Winfrey Network. It is the first scripted television series to air on the network. Both the show's first and second episodes aired back - to - back on its premiere night. Each episode is one hour long. Title: The Guardian (TV series) Passage: The Guardian is an American drama series created by American screenwriter David Hollander (Ray Donovan) which aired on CBS from September 25, 2001 to May 4, 2004. In the United States, as of September 2018, it was being broadcast in re-runs on Heroes & Icons and Hulu. "The Guardian" has aired in the United Kingdom on the Hallmark Channel, ABC1 (April 2006) and, more recently, 5USA (May 2009) and Five (August 2009). In Turkey, the show aired on TNT and in Australia on Network Ten; as of 2011 re-runs are airing on the Nine Network following episodes of Simon Baker's 2008–2015 vehicle "The Mentalist", but before on free-to-air television, the show has also aired on Foxtel's defunct station TV1 (now TVH!TS) in 2003 during the Saturday Night's Crime Time Block before "" and "". In India and Pakistan the show airs on Animax from June 2010 and AXN and FX. In Singapore, the show airs on AXN through Starhub Cable Television. In New Zealand, the show airs on Vibe, channel 7, via sky TV. In Latin America, the series will premiere in October on the Sony Spin channel. Title: Paul Brandner Passage: Paul Brandner is a fictional character of German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)". The character was portrayed by actor Tobias Schönenberg from April 15, 2005 to April 27, 2007. Paul was written out, when Schönenberg decided not to re-sign with the show . Title: Jan Brandner Passage: Jan Brandner is a fictional character on German soap opera "Verbotene Liebe (Forbidden Love)". The character was played from the show's debut on January 2, 1995 to August 27, 1997 by actor Andreas Brucker. In March 2011, the role was surprisingly recast with actor Hubertus Grimm; reinstating the Brandner family and the original story of the show. Grimm debuted in the role on June 23, 2011. The role was reactivated on short-term for a special of the show on the Spanish island Mallorca. The character made his last appearance on January 18, 2012. Title: Hot Stove Passage: Hot Stove is an offseason baseball talk show that airs on MLB Network and is simulcast on MLB Network Radio. The show offers the coverage of offseason activities including trades, free agent signings, and rumors. It is taped live in "Studio K" of the MLB Network studios in Secaucus, New Jersey. Prior to its restructure to a talk show in 2012, it replaced "MLB Tonight" as the signature show of the network during the off season. As such it was taped live in Studio 3, but also featured segments taped in Studio 42. The program airs from after the World Series and before spring training. Title: Barker Bill's Cartoon Show Passage: Barker Bill's Cartoon Show was the first network television weekday cartoon series, airing on CBS from 1953 to 1955. The 15 minute show was broadcast twice a week, Wednesdays and Fridays, at 5 P.M. Eastern, although some local stations showed both episodes together as a single 30 minute show. Title: Picket Fences Passage: Picket Fences is an American television drama about the residents of the town of Rome, Wisconsin, created and produced by David E. Kelley. The show initially ran from September 18, 1992, to June 26, 1996, on the CBS television network in the United States. It sometimes struggled to maintain a stable primetime audience and had fluctuating ratings, due in part to its Friday night time slot. In its first season on the air it placed 80th in the prime-time Nielsen ratings and in its second season it moved to 66th. The show's exteriors were shot in the L.A. suburb of Monrovia, California, with many of the townspeople appearing in the background of episodes. Title: Market Watch Passage: Market Watch is a show on CNBC that aired from 10 am to 12 noon ET, hosted by Martha MacCallum and Ted David (for the first hour), and Bob Sellers and Consuelo Mack (for the second hour). It was replaced by "Midday Call" on 4 February 2002.	[ "David Brandner", "Verbotene Liebe" ]
When did the performer of Just to See You Smile release his first album?	1993	[]	Title: John B. Sebastian (album) Passage: John B. Sebastian is the debut album by American singer/songwriter John Sebastian, previously best known as the co-founder and primary singer/songwriter of the 1960s folk-rock band the Lovin' Spoonful. The album, released in January 1970 (see 1970 in music), includes several songs that would become staples of Sebastian's live performances during the early and mid-1970s. Most notably, the album included "She's a Lady", Sebastian's first solo single (released in December 1968), and an alternate version of "I Had a Dream" which was used to open of the 1970 documentary film "Woodstock". "John B. Sebastian" also featured support performances by David Crosby, Stephen Stills and Graham Nash several months before that trio agreed to work together as a performing unit. Title: Fine Print (song) Passage: "Fine Print" is a song by Nadia Ali. It was released on July 1, 2009 as the third single from Ali's debut solo album "Embers" by Smile in Bed Records. Title: Happy Magic: Smile Project Passage: Happy Magic: Smile Project is the fifth studio album by Japanese pop singer Aya Ueto. It was released on July 15, 2009 on Pony Canyon. Title: Whiplash Smile Passage: Whiplash Smile is the third studio album by English rock vocalist Billy Idol. It was released on 20 October 1986 by Chrysalis Records. After his successful album "Rebel Yell" (1983), Idol continued his collaboration with Keith Forsey and Steve Stevens while writing and producing songs for the album. Title: Smile from the Streets You Hold Passage: Smile from the Streets You Hold is the second solo album by John Frusciante. The record was released during a time when Frusciante was not performing with the Red Hot Chili Peppers. It was released on August 26, 1997 on Birdman Records, while Frusciante was still addicted to drugs. The record is an amalgamation of songs from various periods of time, mainly extras not included on Frusciante's debut "Niandra Lades and Usually Just a T-Shirt" (1994); included, however, are several tracks recorded around 1996 and "A Fall Thru the Ground" from 1988. Title: Alive in America Passage: Alive in America is a live album by the American jazz rock group Steely Dan, released in 1995. It is Steely Dan's first live album. The album comprises recordings from their 1993 and 1994 tours, which were the first live Steely Dan performances since 1974. Title: Tim McGraw Passage: Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment Too Soon (1994) All I Want (1995) Everywhere (1997) A Place in the Sun (1999) Set This Circus Down (2001) Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors (2002) Live Like You Were Dying (2004) Let It Go (2007) Southern Voice (2009) Emotional Traffic (2012) Two Lanes of Freedom (2013) Sundown Heaven Town (2014) Damn Country Music (2015) The Rest of Our Life (with Faith Hill) (2017) Title: Make Me Smile (Come Up and See Me) Passage: ``Make Me Smile (Come Up and See Me) ''is a song by British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released as the lead single from the band's 1975 album The Best Years of Our Lives. It was written by Harley, and produced by Harley and Alan Parsons. In February 1975, the song reached the number - one spot on the UK chart and received a UK Silver certification. It spent nine weeks in the Top 50, and as of 2015, has sold over 1.5 million copies worldwide. Title: Do You See What I See? (song) Passage: ``Do You See What I See? ''is the fourteenth single by Australian pub rock band Hunters & Collectors, released in 1987. It was released ahead of the album on August 1987 in both 7'' and 12 ''formats. It was released as the first single from Hunters & Collectors fifth album What's a Few Men?.`` Do You See What I See?'' peaked at number 33 on the ARIA Charts and at number 13 on the Recorded Music NZ. Title: Just to See You Smile Passage: "Just to See You Smile" is a song written by Mark Nesler and Tony Martin, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released in August 1997 as the third single from McGraw's fourth studio album "Everywhere". Having spent 42 weeks on the "Billboard" chart, it set what was then a record for being the longest-running single on the "Billboard" country chart since the inception of Nielsen SoundScan in 1990. It was also the longest chart run for any country single in the 1990s. The song was also released by Mitchell Tenpenny in 2018. Title: Voices & Images Passage: Voices & Images is the debut studio album by the German band Camouflage, released by Atlantic Records and Metronome on March 4, 1988. Four singles were released from the album: "The Great Commandment", "Strangers' Thoughts", "Neighbours", "That Smiling Face". On 12th October 2018 is announced the release of limited edition of the album via German Tapete Records to mark the 30th anniversary of "Voices & Images", the album now earns a repackaged, limited edition reissue featuring deleted remixes, rare versions and B-sides. Available as a double CD and triple vinyl. Title: Don't Smile at Me Passage: dont smile at me EP by Billie Eilish Released August 11, 2017 Recorded 2016 Length 28: 58 Label Interscope Producer Finneas O'Connell Singles from dont smile at me ``Ocean Eyes ''Released: November 18, 2016`` Bellyache'' Released: February 24, 2017 ``Watch ''Released: June 30, 2017`` Idontwannabeyouanymore'' Released: July 20, 2017	[ "Just to See You Smile", "Tim McGraw" ]
Who was required to sign a decree declaring the last pope crowned to be a saint?	Pope Francis	[ "Francis" ]	Title: Late Middle Ages Passage: The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to Avignon in 1309. When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417). The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the Avignon Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes. Title: Pope Paul VI Passage: Paul VI did away with much of the regal splendor of the papacy. He was the last pope to date to be crowned; his successor Pope John Paul I replaced the Papal Coronation (which Paul had already substantially modified, but which he left mandatory in his 1975 apostolic constitution Romano Pontifici Eligendo) with a Papal Inauguration. Paul VI donated his own Papal Tiara, a gift from his former Archdiocese of Milan, to the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception in Washington, DC (where it is on permanent display in the Crypt) as a gift to American Catholics. Title: Pope Paul VI Passage: On 24 April 2014, it was reported in the Italian magazine Credere that the late pope could possibly be beatified on 19 October 2014. This report from the magazine further stated that several cardinals and bishops would meet on 5 May to confirm the miracle that had previously been approved, and then present it to Pope Francis who may sign the decree for beatification shortly after that. The Congregation for the Causes of Saints held that meeting and positively concluded that the healing was indeed a miracle that could be attributed to the late pope. The matter shall now soon be presented to the pope for approval.	[ "Pope Paul VI" ]
When did the country where Poboru is located join the Allies in WWII?	23 August 1944	[]	Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: Allies of World War II Passage: At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, and dependent states, such as the British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa. After the start of the German invasion of North Europe till the Balkan Campaign, the Netherlands, Belgium, Greece and Yugoslavia joined the Allies. After first having cooperated with Germany in invading Poland whilst remaining neutral in the Allied - Axis conflict, the Soviet Union perforce joined the Allies in June 1941 after being invaded by Germany. The United States provided war materiel and money all along, and officially joined in December 1941 after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. China had already been in a prolonged war with Japan since the Lugou Bridge Incident of 1937, but officially joined the Allies in 1941. Title: Japanese occupation of Burma Passage: There were informal contacts between the AFO and the Allies in 1944 and 1945 through the British Force 136. On 27 March 1945, the Burma National Army rose up in a country-wide rebellion against the Japanese. 27 March had been celebrated as 'Resistance Day' until the military renamed it 'Tatmadaw (Armed Forces) Day'. Aung San and others subsequently began negotiations with Lord Mountbatten and officially joined the Allies as the Patriotic Burmese Forces (PBF). At the first meeting, the AFO represented itself to the British as the provisional government of Burma with Thakin Soe as Chairman and Aung San as a member of its ruling committee.The Japanese were routed from most of Burma by May 1945. Negotiations then began with the British over the disarming of the AFO and the participation of its troops in a post-war Burma Army. Some veterans had been formed into a paramilitary force under Aung San, called the Pyithu yèbaw tat or People's Volunteer Organisation (PVO), and were openly drilling in uniform. The absorption of the PBF was concluded successfully at the Kandy conference in Ceylon in September 1945. Title: Giorgi Chanturia Passage: In the 1990 elections the umbrella Round Table-Free Georgia bloc led by Gamsakhurdia and Chanturia won 54% of the vote. In April 1991, Georgia declared independence from the Soviet Union. Soon Zviad Gamsakhurdia was elected as the first President of Georgia. However, Gamsakhurdia’s move towards authoritarianism made many of his former allies, including Chanturia, to join the opposition. Title: American Revolutionary War Passage: Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences; France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a ``Southern strategy ''led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco - American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Title: Crimean War Passage: Sevastopol fell after eleven months, and formerly neutral countries began to join the allied cause. Isolated and facing a bleak prospect of invasion from the west if the war continued, Russia sued for peace in March 1856. This was welcomed by France and the UK, where the citizens began to turn against their governments as the war dragged on. The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856. Russia lost the war, and was forbidden from hosting warships in the Black Sea. The Ottoman vassal states of Wallachia and Moldavia became largely independent. Christians were granted a degree of official equality, and the Orthodox church regained control of the Christian churches in dispute.:415 Title: Poboru Passage: Poboru is a commune in Olt County, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Albești, Cornățelu, Creți, Poboru, Seaca and Surpeni. Title: Assassin's Creed (film) Passage: Ariane Labed as Maria: An assassin in 15th century Spain and the closest ally of Aguilar. More measured than her partner - in - arms, Maria is light on her feet and exceedingly quick, and together they are an unstoppable force. Like Aguilar, she understands the damage the Templar influence is doing to her country. Title: Northern Seven Years' War Passage: Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America. Title: Jacques Gérard Passage: Jacques Gérard was born in Paris, France on 26 October 1890. He joined the "113e Regiment d'Infanterie" to defend his country during World War I. Title: Military history of the United States Passage: The War on Terrorism is a global effort by the governments of several countries (primarily the United States and its principal allies) to neutralize international terrorist groups (primarily Islamic Extremist terrorist groups, including al-Qaeda) and ensure that countries considered by the US and some of its allies to be Rogue Nations no longer support terrorist activities. It has been adopted primarily as a response to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. Since 2001, terrorist motivated attacks upon service members have occurred in Arkansas and Texas. Title: Romania in World War II Passage: On 23 August 1944, with the Red Army penetrating German defenses during the Jassy -- Kishinev Offensive, King Michael I of Romania led a successful coup against the Axis with support from opposition politicians and most of the army. Michael I, who was initially considered to be not much more than a figurehead, was able to successfully depose the Antonescu dictatorship. The King then offered a non-confrontational retreat to German ambassador Manfred von Killinger. But the Germans considered the coup ``reversible ''and attempted to turn the situation around by military force. The Romanian First, Second (forming), and what little was left of the Third and the Fourth Armies (one corps) were under orders from the King to defend Romania against any German attacks. King Michael offered to put the Romanian Army, which at that point had a strength of nearly 1,000,000 men, on the side of the Allies. Surprisingly, with the Red Army occupying parts of Romania, Stalin immediately recognized the king and the restoration of the conservative Romanian monarchy. (Deutscher, Stalin. 1967, p. 519)	[ "Romania in World War II", "Poboru" ]
What subject was studied in Muzahim al-Pachachi's birthplace?	Islamic mathematics	[ "Islam" ]	Title: Muzahim al-Pachachi Passage: Born to a prominent family and graduated from the Baghdad School of Law he organized the Arab nationalist Cultural Club in Baghdad in 1912; its members included Hamdi al-Pachachi, Talib al-Naqib and Muhammad Ridha. Title: International Who's Who in Music Passage: The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements. Title: Anne Vallée Passage: Born in Quebec City, Anne Vallée completed in 1979 a bachelor's degree in biology at Laval University and took graduate studies at the University of British Columbia supported by a scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council. She chose tufted puffins as a research subject and, starting in 1980, spent her summers on Triangle Island, an ecological reserve located in the Pacific Ocean west of the north tip of Vancouver Island. She died accidentally on Triangle Island during the summer of 1982. Her work was included in the paper of Gjerdrum et al. (2003). Title: History of mathematics Passage: Babylonian mathematics refers to any mathematics of the peoples of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) from the days of the early Sumerians through the Hellenistic period almost to the dawn of Christianity. The majority of Babylonian mathematical work comes from two widely separated periods: The first few hundred years of the second millennium BC (Old Babylonian period), and the last few centuries of the first millennium BC (Seleucid period). It is named Babylonian mathematics due to the central role of Babylon as a place of study. Later under the Arab Empire, Mesopotamia, especially Baghdad, once again became an important center of study for Islamic mathematics. Title: Qasem Taei Passage: He has studied in seminaries of Najaf, Iraq under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr. He is the author of many Islamic books. Title: Marcel Griaule Passage: Marcel Griaule (16 May 1898 – 23 February 1956) was a French anthropologist known for his studies of the Dogon people of West Africa, and for pioneering ethnographic field studies in France. He worked together with Germaine Dieterlen and Jean Rouch on African subjects. Title: Ali al-Hakim Passage: Sayyid Ali al-Hakim was born in Najaf, the son of Ayatollah Sayyid Abdul al-Sahib, and the grandson of the Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim, the latter is considered one of the greatest Shi'ite scholars of the 20th century. Besides his studies in secular schools, he joined the Islamic Seminary at an early age in 1976. Title: Bushra al-Assad Passage: As a result of the Syrian Civil War, in March 2012 she was placed on a list of Syrian government figures who were subject to European Union economic sanctions and travel bans. On 28 September 2012, it was reported and confirmed by Gulf states that Bushra al-Assad had fled Syria with her five children to seek refuge in the United Arab Emirates. In January 2013, Bushra al-Assad was joined by her mother Anisa Makhlouf in Dubai after she too fled Syria, but she later returned. Title: Rashid Rida Passage: Rida was born near Tripoli in Al-Qalamoun, (now in Lebanon but then part of Ottoman Syria within the Ottoman Empire). His early education consisted of training in "traditional Islamic subjects". In 1884–5 he was first exposed to "al-`Urwa al-wuthqa", the journal of Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad Abduh. In 1897 he left Syria for Cairo to collaborate with Abduh. The following year Rida launched "al-Manar", a weekly and then monthly journal comprising Quranic commentary at which he worked until his death in 1935, gradually distancing himself from the teachings of Abduh and adopting a Salafism closer to Saudi Wahhabism. Title: Ilm (Arabic) Passage: In the Qur'an the word 'alim has occurred in 140 places, while al -' ilm in 27. In all, the total number of verses in which 'ilm or its derivatives and associated words are used is 704. The aids of knowledge such as book, pen, ink etc. amount to almost the same number. Qalam occurs in two places, al - kitab in 230 verses, among which al - kitab for al - Qur'an occurs in 81 verses. Other words associated with writing occur in 319 verses. Title: Madrasa Passage: However, the classification of madaris as "universities" is disputed on the question of understanding of each institution on its own terms. In madaris, the ijāzahs were only issued in one field, the Islamic religious law of sharīʻah, and in no other field of learning. Other academic subjects, including the natural sciences, philosophy and literary studies, were only treated "ancillary" to the study of the Sharia. For example, a natural science like astronomy was only studied (if at all) to supply religious needs, like the time for prayer. This is why Ptolemaic astronomy was considered adequate, and is still taught in some modern day madaris. The Islamic law undergraduate degree from al-Azhar, the most prestigious madrasa, was traditionally granted without final examinations, but on the basis of the students' attentive attendance to courses. In contrast to the medieval doctorate which was granted by the collective authority of the faculty, the Islamic degree was not granted by the teacher to the pupil based on any formal criteria, but remained a "personal matter, the sole prerogative of the person bestowing it; no one could force him to give one". Title: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University Passage: The university was established in August 1982 by Act of the State Legislature. It was inaugurated by the President of India. The Founder & First Vice Chancellor of the University was Prof. G. Ram Reddy. The University was renamed as ``Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Open University ''on 24 October 1991 after the Architect of the Indian Constitution Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar on the occasion of his birth centenary. The principal aim of the University is to provide an opportunity to those who are not in a position to avail themselves of the facilities for higher education through regular on - campus study at conventional colleges / universities. It adopts a flexible approach to eligibility, age of entry, choice of courses, method of learning, conduct of exams and operation of educational programmes. The Univ makes use of a variety of learning media including Radio, TV, film, audio cassette and the printed study material, besides arranging contact and counselling programmes and Sc 'Practicals' which makes for the traditional teacher - student interaction. The University functions through anetwork of 117 Study Centres located in the twin - cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad and all the districts of the State. The Study Centres are located in selected colleges throughout the State from which they drawtheir counselling staff who are experienced members of their teachingstaff. The students receive guidance and counselling from the Counsellors at the Study Centres. The BSc students are expected to complete 30practicals in each subject at the Study Centre. Students Enrollment (1999 -- 2000) 63,046 (men 43,276, women 19,770).	[ "History of mathematics", "Muzahim al-Pachachi" ]
When did England colonize the country where the movie after the sunset was filmed?	1666	[]	Title: After the Sunset Passage: After the Sunset is a 2004 action comedy film starring Pierce Brosnan as Max Burdett, a master thief caught in a pursuit with FBI agent Stan Lloyd, played by Woody Harrelson. The film was directed by Brett Ratner and shot in the Bahamas. Title: Rio Grande Raiders Passage: Rio Grande Raiders is a 1946 American Western film directed by Thomas Carr and written by Norton S. Parker. The film stars Sunset Carson, Linda Stirling, Bob Steele, Tom London, Tristram Coffin and Edmund Cobb. The film was released on September 9, 1946, by Republic Pictures. Title: Sunset Strip (2000 film) Passage: Sunset Strip is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Adam Collis for 20th Century Fox. The story was written by Randall Jahnson, who previously examined the rock scene in his scripts for "The Doors" and "Dudes", and he and Russell DeGrazier adapted the story into a screenplay. Title: Little Sunset Passage: Little Sunset is a 1915 American comedy silent film directed by Hobart Bosworth and written by Charles Emmett Van Loan. The film stars Hobart Bosworth, Gordon Griffith, Rhea Haines, Joe Ray and Marshall Stedman. The film was released on May 6, 1915, by Paramount Pictures. Title: History of Massachusetts Passage: Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684. Title: Pooh's Heffalump Movie Passage: Pooh's Heffalump Movie (also known as The Heffalump Movie in the working title) is a 2005 American animated musical comedy adventure film produced by DisneyToon Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures. Featuring characters from A. A. Milne's "Winnie-the-Pooh" stories, the film is the third theatrical animated film in Disney's "Winnie the Pooh" franchise and DisneyToon Studios's third adaptation of "Winnie the Pooh" stories, following "The Tigger Movie" (2000) and "Piglet's Big Movie" (2003). The film was released theatrically on February 11, 2005. Title: Sunset Limousine Passage: Sunset Limousine is a 1983 American made-for-television comedy film written by Dick Clement and Ian La Frenais. Directed by Terry Hughes and shot on locations in San Diego, the film stars John Ritter, Susan Dey, Paul Reiser, Audrie Neenan, Martin Short, and George Kirby in a story about a limo driver who aspires to be a stand-up comic. Title: Laurel and Hardy Passage: Prior to emerging as a team, both actors had well - established film careers. Laurel had appeared in over 50 films as an actor (while also working as a writer and director) while Hardy had been in more than 250 productions. The two comedians had previously worked together as cast members on the film The Lucky Dog in 1921. However, they were not a comedy team at that time and it was not until 1926 that they appeared in a movie short together, when both separately signed contracts with the Hal Roach film studio. Laurel and Hardy officially became a team in 1927 when they appeared together in the silent short film Putting Pants on Philip. They remained with the Roach studio until 1940 and then appeared in eight ``B ''movie comedies for 20th Century Fox and Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer from 1941 to 1945. After finishing their movie commitments at the end of 1944, they concentrated on performing in stage shows and embarked on a music hall tour of England, Ireland, and Scotland. In 1950, before retiring from the screen, they made their last film, a French - Italian co-production called Atoll K. Title: British Empire Passage: The Caribbean initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies, but not before several attempts at colonisation failed. An attempt to establish a colony in Guiana in 1604 lasted only two years, and failed in its main objective to find gold deposits. Colonies in St Lucia (1605) and Grenada (1609) also rapidly folded, but settlements were successfully established in St. Kitts (1624), Barbados (1627) and Nevis (1628). The colonies soon adopted the system of sugar plantations successfully used by the Portuguese in Brazil, which depended on slave labour, and—at first—Dutch ships, to sell the slaves and buy the sugar. To ensure that the increasingly healthy profits of this trade remained in English hands, Parliament decreed in 1651 that only English ships would be able to ply their trade in English colonies. This led to hostilities with the United Dutch Provinces—a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars—which would eventually strengthen England's position in the Americas at the expense of the Dutch. In 1655, England annexed the island of Jamaica from the Spanish, and in 1666 succeeded in colonising the Bahamas. Title: Bradley Whitford Passage: Whitford also played Danny Tripp in Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, Dan Stark in the Fox police buddy - comedy The Good Guys, Timothy Carter, a character who was believed to be Red John, in the CBS series The Mentalist, antagonist Eric Gordon in the film Billy Madison, Arthur Parsons in The Post, and Dean Armitage in the horror film Get Out. Title: British colonization of the Americas Passage: The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might. Title: H. Jon Benjamin Passage: Benjamin has made guest appearances in several animated shows. He was in the Aqua Teen Hunger Force episodes ``Bus of the Undead ''and`` The Last One'' as Mothmonsterman, in ``Broodwich ''as Mr. Sticks, in`` Bible Fruit'' as Mortimer Mango, and played the live - action role of Master Shake in ``Last Last One Forever and Ever '', credited as Capt. Turd Mahoy. He also made a cameo appearance as a government agent in the film Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters alongside frequent collaborator Jon Glaser. He has appeared in Family Guy as Carl, a movie trivia obsessed convenience store clerk who also portrayed Yoda in the Star Wars parody episode`` Something, Something, Something, Dark Side''.	[ "After the Sunset", "British Empire" ]
What is the people in state that Little Gidding's author is from known for?	Missourians are known for being skeptical.	[]	Title: Missouri Passage: Well - known Missourians include U.S. President Harry S. Truman, Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry and Nelly. Some of the largest companies based in the state include Cerner, Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, H&R Block, Wells Fargo Advisors and O'Reilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the ``Mother of the West ''and the`` Cave State''; however, Missouri's most famous nickname is the ``Show Me State '', as Missourians are known for being skeptical. Title: Little Gidding (poem) Passage: Little Gidding is the fourth and final poem of T. S. Eliot's "Four Quartets", a series of poems that discuss time, perspective, humanity, and salvation. It was first published in September 1942 after being delayed for over a year because of the air-raids on Great Britain during World War II and Eliot's declining health. The title refers to a small Anglican community in Huntingdonshire, established by Nicholas Ferrar in the 17th century and scattered during the English Civil War. Title: T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University) Passage: The T. S. Eliot Prize for Poetry is awarded annually by Truman State University, which is a United States university located in Missouri. First awarded in 1997, the prize is given "for the best unpublished book-length collection of poetry in English, in honor of native Missourian T. S. Eliot’s considerable intellectual and artistic legacy". Eliot won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948. The prize includes publication of the collection as well as a purse of $2000. Poets submit their unpublished collections to Truman State University Press for each year's competition. A well-known poet is chosen each year to judge the collections, and to select the winner and several finalists.	[ "T. S. Eliot Prize (Truman State University)", "Little Gidding (poem)", "Missouri" ]
What band put out a live album called Fantasy Land Tour 2004 recorded in the birthplace of Kevin Chen?	S.H.E	[ "SHE" ]	Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Elizabeth II Passage: From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. In 1953, the Queen and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 countries and covering more than 40,000 miles by land, sea and air. She became the first reigning monarch of Australia and New Zealand to visit those nations. During the tour, crowds were immense; three-quarters of the population of Australia were estimated to have seen her. Throughout her reign, the Queen has made hundreds of state visits to other countries and tours of the Commonwealth; she is the most widely travelled head of state. Title: Tour Alsace Passage: The Tour Alsace (or Tour d'Alsace) is a 6-day road bicycle race held annually in Alsace, France. It was first held in 2004 and it is a 2.2 rated event on the UCI Europe Tour. Title: Kevin Chen Passage: Kevin Nai Chia Chen (Traditional Chinese: 陳乃嘉; born April 2, 1979 in Taipei) is a Taiwanese racing driver, who obtained the first FIA A license by a Taiwanese driver. Title: Fantasy Land Tour 2004 in Taipei Passage: Fantasy Land Tour 2004 in Taipei () was released on 14 January 2005, and is S.H.E's first live album. The songs in this album are direct visual recordings from S.H.E's Taipei concert during their Fantasy Land Tour. Unlike their other CDs, this cannot be played as one, but is instead designed to run as a DVD. Title: Mamma Mia! Passage: Mamma Mia! West End promotional poster Music Benny Andersson Björn Ulvaeus Lyrics Benny Andersson Björn Ulvaeus Book Catherine Johnson Basis Songs by ABBA Premiere April 6, 1999: Prince Edward Theatre, London Productions List of productions 1999 West End 2000 Toronto 2000 US Tour 2001 Melbourne 2001 Broadway 2002 North America Tour 2002 Hamburg 2002 Tokyo 2003 Las Vegas 2003 Utrecht 2004 Seoul 2004 International Tour 2004 Stuttgart 2004 Madrid 2005 Stockholm 2006 Antwerp 2006 Moscow 2007 Essen 2008 Film 2009 Oslo 2009 Mexico City 2009 Netherlands Tour 2009 Australia Tour 2010 South Africa Tour 2010 Milan 2010 Copenhagen 2010 Paris 2010 São Paulo 2011 Shanghai 2012 Buenos Aires 2012 Moscow 2013 Stuttgart 2014 New Zealand Tour * 2014 Vienna 2014 Las Vegas 2014 Budapest * 2014 Helsinki 2014 Royal Caribbean 2014 Prague * 2015 Warsaw * 2015 Belgrade * 2015 Zagreb * 2015 Ljubljana * 2015 Barcelona 2016 Seoul 2016 Reykjavík * 2016 Panama City * 2016 UK Tour 2016 Lima * 2016 Tartu * 2016 Athens * 2017 Italy Tour * 2017 Bratislava * 2017 Australia Tour * 2018 Helsinki 2018 Bucharest * 2018 Germany Tour 2018 Sofia * 2018 Utrecht * 2018 Film Sequel * * Non-replica productions Title: Son of a Son of a Sailor (song) Passage: "Son of a Son of a Sailor" is a song written and performed by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett. It is the opening track of the 1978 album of the same name. The song is a fan favorite, although it was not a concert staple until the 2005 "Salty Piece of Land" tour. Title: Chen Hua Passage: Chen Hua (born January 22, 1982 in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China) is a two-time Olympic swimmer, and former World Record holder, from China. She swam for China at the 2000 and 2004 Olympics. Title: Viva Le Famille Passage: Viva Le Famille () is a Mediacorp TV Channel 8 Singapore Chinese drama serial that revolves around a big family that faces many problems which other Singaporean families may also face, such as expenses on giving birth to a child, staying with their in-laws, etc. There are 2 parts of the show and were aired in 2002 and 2003 respectively. The cast for Part 1 includes mostly veteran actors such as Chen Shucheng, Chen Hanwei, Huang Biren, Zheng Geping, Lin Meijiao, Chen Huihui, San Yow, Richard Low and Li Yinzhu. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: She met director Guy Ritchie, who would become her second husband, in November 1998 and gave birth to their son Rocco John Ritchie on August 11, 2000 in Los Angeles. Rocco and Madonna suffered complications from the birth due to her experiencing placenta praevia. He was christened at Dornoch Cathedral in Dornoch, Scotland, on December 21, 2000. Madonna married Ritchie the following day at nearby Skibo Castle. Her fifth concert tour, titled Drowned World Tour, started in June 2001. The tour visited cities in the U.S. and Europe and was the highest-grossing concert tour of the year by a solo artist, earning $75 million from 47 sold-out shows. She also released her second greatest-hits collection, titled GHV2, to coincide with the home video release of the tour. GHV2 debuted at number seven on the Billboard 200. Title: This Is Us Passage: Most episodes feature a storyline taking place in the present (2016 -- 2018, contemporaneous with airing) and a storyline taking place at a set time in the past; but some episodes are set in one time period or use multiple flashback time periods. Flashbacks often focus on Jack and Rebecca c. 1980 both before and after their babies' birth, or on the family when the Big Three are children (at least ages 8 -- 10) or adolescents; these scenes usually take place in Pittsburgh, where the Big Three are born and raised. Various other time periods and locations have also served a settings. As adults, Kate lives in Los Angeles, Randall and his family are in New Jersey, and Kevin relocates from Los Angeles to New York City. Title: Kevin (Probably) Saves the World Passage: Kevin (Probably) Saves the World (stylized as Kevin ^ Saves the World) is an American high - concept angelic - themed fantasy comedy - drama television series that was created and executive produced by Michele Fazekas & Tara Butters for ABC Studios. The series airs on ABC as a Tuesday night entry during the 2017 -- 18 television season, and was greenlit on May 11, 2017. The series premiered on October 3, 2017.	[ "Fantasy Land Tour 2004 in Taipei", "Kevin Chen" ]
Who is the mother of the singer of Young Blood?	Janet Ellis	[]	Title: List of The Thundermans characters Passage: Billy Thunderman (Diego Velazquez) is the third - born Thunderman child. He is an energetic little brother to Phoebe and Max and older brother to Nora and Chloe. His superpower is super-speed. In one episode, it was revealed that Barb gave birth to Billy in the air while her husband was transporting her to a hospital, implying that Billy likely hit his head after birth, which is probably why he is sometimes unintelligent. Title: Young Blood (Sophie Ellis-Bextor song) Passage: "Young Blood" is a song by English recording artist Sophie Ellis-Bextor from her fifth studio album "Wanderlust" (2014). The song was released as the album's lead single on 21 November 2013. It was co-written by Ed Harcourt and Ellis-Bextor; the former also produced it. The song is a chamber pop piano ballad, which features instrumentation from subdued drums and various string instruments. In the track, Ellis-Bextor sings with restrain, incorporating a low register in the verses and hitting her highest note in the chorus. A demo version of the track was offered online in March 2013. Title: Sophie Ellis-Bextor Passage: Ellis-Bextor was born in London to Janet Ellis, who was later a presenter on BBC's children's television programmes "Blue Peter" and "Jigsaw", and Robin Bextor, a film producer and director: they separated when she was four. As a child, Ellis-Bextor occasionally appeared on "Blue Peter" alongside her mother, who presented the programme.	[ "Sophie Ellis-Bextor", "Young Blood (Sophie Ellis-Bextor song)" ]
Who wrote the national anthem of the country where Sigiriya Airport is located?	Ananda Samarakoon	[]	Title: Sigiriya Airport Passage: Sigiriya Airport is an air force base and domestic airport located in central Sri Lanka. Located near the city of Dambulla, the airport is also known as SLAF Sigiriya. Title: Sri Lanka Matha Passage: There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio. Title: All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name Passage: The hymn is often called the ``National Anthem of Christendom ''. The lyrics, written by Edward Perronet while he served as a missionary in India, first appeared in the November, 1779 issue of the Gospel Magazine, which was edited by the author of`` Rock of Ages'', Augustus Toplady.	[ "Sri Lanka Matha", "Sigiriya Airport" ]
Where is the place Hindscarth is part of located in the UK?	county of Cumbria	[ "Cumbria" ]	Title: UK Uncovered Passage: UK Uncovered is a British reality television show that was filmed on location as part of a national tour, visiting nearly every major town and city in the United Kingdom. Three series aired originally on the Men and Motors cable/satellite channel in the United Kingdom, operated by ITV plc, starting in December 2002. The first two series were fairly similar to each other, being that they allowed a previously unseen side of British character in a purely observational style, however the third series showed something of a departure by intertwining deliberate comedy and fictional characters interacting with the public. Title: Hindscarth Passage: Hindscarth is a mountain between the valleys of Buttermere and Newlands, in the north-western part of the English Lake District. The fell's name is derived from two words from the Old Norse language, "Hind" and "Skarth", and means the pass used by the red deer. Title: Mark Achtman Passage: Mark Achtman FRS is Professor of Bacterial Population Genetics at Warwick Medical School, part of the University of Warwick in the UK. Title: Hornpipe Heights Passage: The Hornpipe Heights () are a group of partly exposed ridges rising to about lying between Sullivan Glacier, Mikado Glacier, and Clarsach Glacier in the northern part of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Whistle Pass is adjacent to the northeastern part of the heights. The heights were so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 in association with Whistle Pass. Title: Excise stamp Passage: In the UK, excise stamps have been in use for spirits since 2006. While these are usually printed on the back label of the bottle by the manufacturer rather than being a special security bought from the government, they still have to adhere to strict specifications, such as containing UV - visible inks. UK law does not require such physical stamps for cigarettes, either - instead, the words ``UK Duty Paid ''are printed in bold on all packs as part of the manufacturing process, while other forms of control are implemented by HM Revenue & Customs to verify that this is indeed the case. Meanwhile, foreign - bought cigarette packets bearing revenue stamps can be widely seen across the UK, mainly due to the comparatively high price of British cigarettes, leading people to (often illegally) import them from abroad. Title: Bermuda Passage: In May 1940, the US requested base rights in Bermuda from the United Kingdom, but British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was initially unwilling to accede to the American request without getting something in return. In September 1940, as part of the Destroyers for Bases Agreement, the UK granted the US base rights in Bermuda. Bermuda and Newfoundland were not originally included in the agreement, but both were added to it, with no war material received by the UK in exchange. One of the terms of the agreement was that the airfield the US Army built would be used jointly by the US and the UK (which it was for the duration of the war, with RAF Transport Command relocating there from Darrell's Island in 1943). Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Heathrow Terminal 3 Passage: The main presences in Terminal 3 are American Airlines, British Airways and Virgin Atlantic, which have their UK hubs located here. Emirates and Qantas are the other major users of the terminal. Title: Herschel Heights Passage: The Herschel Heights () are a complex of nunataks of which Mimas Peak on the east is the highest, located southwest of the Enceladus Nunataks and near the head of Saturn Glacier in southeastern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The eastern part of this feature was photographed by Lincoln Ellsworth, November 23, 1935, in the course of his trans-Antarctic flight and was plotted from the air photos by W.L.G. Joerg. The heights were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee from association with Mimas and Enceladus, after Sir William Herschel, the British astronomer who discovered these two satellites of Saturn in 1789. Title: Conqueror of Atlantis Passage: Conqueror of Atlantis (Il conquistatore di Atlantide, UK title: "Kingdom in the Sand") is a 1965 Italian fantasy film adventure directed by Alfonso Brescia. Although the main character is called Herakles, this film was not part of the Italian "Hercules" film series of the 1960s. Title: Discovery Networks UK Passage: Discovery Networks UK started out with the launch of the Discovery Channel in Europe in 1989 and was for a long time a part of Discovery Networks Europe (DNE). In early 2007, DNE was split into two separate branches, Discovery Networks UK and Discovery Network EMEA, both headquartered in London. As of 2011 Discovery Networks Europe has merged its operations in the UK, Nordic region and other parts of Western Europe to form Discovery Networks Western Europe. Title: The History of the World (Part 1) Passage: "The History of the World (Part 1)" is a single by the Damned, released in 1980 on Chiswick Records. It was co-produced by the band with Hans Zimmer and was included on the band's "The Black Album". The record was released in both 7" and 12" formats, and reached No. 51 in the UK Singles Chart.	[ "Hindscarth", "Lake District" ]
What is the population ranking of the city that houses the courthouse named after the place of birth of James Glisson, in the country that logan returns to?	12th	[]	Title: The Wolverine (film) Passage: In a mid-credits scene, Logan returns to the United States two years later and is approached at the airport by Erik Lehnsherr, who warns him of a grave new threat to the mutant race; and Charles Xavier, whom Logan previously thought was dead. Title: James Glisson Passage: Glisson was born in Jackson County, Florida. He attended Palmer College and earned a degree in chiropractic studies He served in the Florida House of Representatives for the 33rd district from 1968 to 1972, as a Republican. He was elected to the State Senate in 1973 and served the 11th district until 1978. In 1976, he changed his party affiliation from Republican to Democratic. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: Jacksonville is the largest city by population in the U.S. state of Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. It is the county seat of Duval County, with which the city government consolidated in 1968. Consolidation gave Jacksonville its great size and placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits; with an estimated population of 853,382 in 2014, it is the most populous city proper in Florida and the Southeast, and the 12th most populous in the United States. Jacksonville is the principal city in the Jacksonville metropolitan area, with a population of 1,345,596 in 2010. Title: Jackson County Courthouse (Jacksonville, Oregon) Passage: The Jackson County Courthouse is a former county courthouse in Jacksonville, Oregon, United States, built in 1883. The courthouse is a contributing property of the Jacksonville Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). It was formerly the Jacksonville Museum owned by Jackson County and operated by the Southern Oregon Historical Society (SOHS), which also managed several other historic properties in Jacksonville. The museum in the courthouse closed in 2006 because of lack of funding. Ownership of the historic courthouse was transferred to the City of Jacksonville in 2012. The SOHS still operates Hanley Farm in Central Point and a research library in Medford.	[ "Jacksonville, Florida", "James Glisson", "Jackson County Courthouse (Jacksonville, Oregon)", "The Wolverine (film)" ]
How old do you have to be to buy a handgun in the state where Knoxville Raceway is located?	21 or older.	[ "Gun laws in Iowa" ]	Title: Knoxville Raceway Passage: Knoxville Raceway is a semi-banked 1/2 mile dirt oval raceway (zook clay) located at the Marion County Fairgrounds in Knoxville, Iowa, United States. Races at the "Sprint Car Capital of the World" are held on Saturday nights from April through September each year. Some special events may start as early as Wednesday and build up to Saturday. Regular events include 305 cubic inch, 360 cubic inch and 410 cubic inch sprint car racing. Each August, the Raceway holds the paramount sprint car event in the United States, the Knoxville Nationals. The track is governed by the 24-member fair board elected by Marion County residents. Title: WITA Passage: WITA (1490 AM, "Inspiration 1490") is a Christian radio station located in Knoxville, Tennessee. It broadcasts a Christian format with some conservative talk shows and news from the USA Radio Network. Title: Gun laws in Iowa Passage: A Permit To Acquire (PTA), obtained from the sheriff of the county of the applicant's residence, is required when purchasing or otherwise acquiring a handgun, either from a dealer or from a private party. A Permit To Acquire shall be issued to qualified applicants aged 21 or older. The PTA becomes valid three days after the date of application, and is valid for one year. A PTA is not required when purchasing an antique handgun, defined as one made in or before 1898 and including post-1898 replicas of matchlock, flintlock, or percussion cap pistols.	[ "Knoxville Raceway", "Gun laws in Iowa" ]
Who did the producer of Songs I Wrote with Amy write the song "Thinking Out Loud" for?	his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos	[]	Title: Songs I Wrote with Amy Passage: Songs I Wrote with Amy is an extended play, independently released by Ed Sheeran on April 4, 2010. After the success of +, Sheeran re-released five of his EPs, including "Songs I Wrote with Amy", which was released a second time on December 9, 2011. All of the songs were written collaboratively by Ed Sheeran and Amy Wadge. Title: Fool (If You Think It's Over) Passage: ``Fool (If You Think It's Over) ''is the title of a popular song originally publicly released in 1978 by the British singer - songwriter Chris Rea. Rea also wrote the words and composed the music of the song, which appears on his 1978 debut album, Whatever Happened to Benny Santini? Title: Thinking Out Loud Passage: In the kitchen, Sheeran and Wadge began writing the song at 2: 00 am on 4 February 2014, and completed it in 20 minutes. According to Wadge, the lyrical content resulted from her and Sheeran's talking about ``everlasting love '', inspired by the circumstances relevant at that time. Sheeran also revealed that the lyrics were inspired by his then - girlfriend, Athina Andrelos, whom Sheeran met in early 2014. Sheeran would later explain that he wrote the song`` in a relationship at a really, really happy point''. Immediately after writing, Sheeran recorded the song on his phone. He was keen to include ``Thinking Out Loud ''on the second album. He properly recorded the song the following day at the Sticky Studios, a recording facility located in the small Surrey village of Windlesham, and informed Wadge of its inclusion on the album. It became the last song recorded for the album. For`` Thinking Out Loud'', Sheeran sought the assistance of Jake Gosling, who produced much of his debut album and had earlier contributed tracks, four of which appear on the standard version of the second album.	[ "Thinking Out Loud", "Songs I Wrote with Amy" ]
Who is the screenwriter of the film named after the country Ad Achkar is a citizen of?	Samuel Maoz	[]	Title: One man, one vote Passage: Based on a number of inequities, the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association was founded in 1967. It had five primary demands, and added the demand that each citizen in Northern Ireland be afforded the same number of votes for local elections (national elections followed the same eligibility rules as the rest of the UK). The slogan ``one man, one vote ''became a rallying cry for this campaign. The Parliament of Northern Ireland voted to update the voting rules, which were implemented for the Northern Ireland general election, 1969. Title: Lebanon (2009 film) Passage: Lebanon (; Lebanon: The Soldier's Journey in the UK) is a 2009 internationally co-produced war film directed by Samuel Maoz. It won the Leone d'Oro at the 66th Venice International Film Festival, becoming the first Israeli-produced film to have won that honour. In Israel itself the film has caused some controversy. The film was nominated for ten Ophir Awards, including Best Film. The film also won the 14th Annual Satyajit Ray Award. Title: Ad Achkar Passage: Ad Achkar (born August 17, 1988, in rural Beirut, Lebanon) is a Lebanese fine-art photographer and artist. He graduated at USEK Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik with highest possible academic degree for his senior project 'God bless our homes'.	[ "Ad Achkar", "Lebanon (2009 film)" ]
Where can you watch ESPN College Football on the original broadcaster of Showoffs?	American Broadcasting Company	[]	Title: 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Passage: 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Alabama Crimson Tide Georgia Bulldogs (12 -- 1) (13 -- 1) SEC SEC 26 23 Head coach: Nick Saban Head coach: Kirby Smart AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP OT Total Alabama 0 0 10 10 6 26 Georgia 0 13 7 0 23 Date January 8, 2018 Season 2017 Stadium Mercedes - Benz Stadium Location Atlanta, Georgia MVP Offensive: # 13 QB Tua Tagovailoa, Fr. Alabama Defensive: # 94 DT Da'Ron Payne, Jr. Alabama Favorite Alabama by 3.5 National anthem Zac Brown Band Referee Dan Capron (Big Ten) Halftime show Georgia Redcoat Marching Band Million Dollar Band Attendance 77,430 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Maria Taylor and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2017 2019 > Title: Craig Wolfley Passage: Craig Wolfley (born May 19, 1958) is a former American football player and current sideline reporter for the Pittsburgh Steelers. Along with former teammate Tunch Ilkin, he hosts a show on 970 ESPN. Title: Monday Night Football Passage: ESPN Monday Night Football (abbreviated as MNF and also known as ESPN Monday Night Football on ABC for rare live special broadcast) is a live television broadcast of weekly National Football League (NFL) games on ESPN in the United States. From 1970 to 2005, it aired on sister broadcast network ABC. Monday Night Football was, along with Hallmark Hall of Fame and the Walt Disney anthology television series, one of the longest - running prime time programs ever on commercial network television, and one of the highest - rated, particularly among male viewers. MNF is preceded on air by Monday Night Countdown served by Chili's. Title: 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Passage: 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship Alabama Crimson Tide Georgia Bulldogs (12 -- 1) (13 -- 1) SEC SEC 26 23 Head coach: Nick Saban Head coach: Kirby Smart AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP OT Total Alabama 0 0 10 10 6 26 Georgia 0 13 7 0 23 Date January 8, 2018 Season 2017 Stadium Mercedes - Benz Stadium Location Atlanta, Georgia MVP Offensive: # 13 QB Tua Tagovailoa, Fr. Alabama Defensive: # 94 DT Daron Payne, Jr. Alabama Favorite Alabama by 3.5 National anthem Zac Brown Band Referee Dan Capron (Big Ten) Halftime show Georgia Redcoat Marching Band Million Dollar Band Attendance 77,430 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Maria Taylor and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN) Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio) College Football Playoff National Championship < 2017 2019 > Title: Pardon the Interruption Passage: Pardon the Interruption (abbreviated PTI) is a sports television show that airs weekdays on various ESPN TV channels. It is hosted by Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon, who discuss, and frequently argue over, the top stories of the day in "sports... and other stuff" (as Kornheiser put it in the show's original promo). Title: ESPN Sunday Night Football Passage: ESPN Sunday Night Football was the ESPN cable network's weekly television broadcasts of Sunday evening National Football League (NFL) games. The first ESPN Sunday night broadcast occurred on November 8, 1987, while the last one aired on January 1, 2006. Title: Pittsburgh Game Night Passage: Pittsburgh Game Night is a nightly sports talk show on ESPN Radio 1250 in Pittsburgh, United States. The show features regular personalities Chris Mack, Jim Colony, Joe DeStio, and Ken Laird. Broadcast runs from 7-9 PM Monday to Friday. Title: Daniel Castady Passage: Daniel Castady is the American former (and current, as of May 2014 when they reunited with their semi-original line-up) drummer for Showoff, and current lead singer of The Fold. Daniel and his wife Lauren Castady started their own company in 2005, Uniglory Studio. Title: ESPN College Football on ABC Passage: ESPN College Football on ABC (branded for sponsorship purposes as ESPN College Football on ABC presented by Walmart or Kay Jewelers) is the branding used for broadcasts of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) college football games that are produced by ESPN, and televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. ABC first began broadcasting regular season college football games in 1950 and has aired them on an annual basis since 1966. The network features games from The American, Atlantic Coast, Big Ten, Big 12, and Pac-12 conferences. In addition, ESPN also produces a separate prime time regular-season game package for ABC, under the umbrella brand "Saturday Night Football". (ESPN and ABC are both owned by The Walt Disney Company). Title: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship Passage: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship College Football Playoff Clemson Tigers Alabama Crimson Tide (13 -- 1) (14 -- 0) ACC SEC 35 31 Head coach: Dabo Swinney Head coach: Nick Saban AP Coaches CFP AP Coaches CFP Total Clemson 0 7 7 21 35 Alabama 7 7 10 7 31 Date January 9, 2017 Season 2016 Stadium Raymond James Stadium Location Tampa, Florida MVP Offensive: # 4 Deshaun Watson Clemson Defensive: # 10 Ben Boulware Clemson Favorite Alabama by 6.5 National anthem Little Big Town Referee Mike Defee (Big 12) Halftime show Million Dollar Band, Clemson University Tiger Band Attendance 74,512 United States TV coverage Network ESPN / ESPN Radio / ESPN Deportes Announcers ESPN: Chris Fowler (play - by - play) Kirk Herbstreit (analyst) Samantha Ponder (sideline reporter) Tom Rinaldi (sideline reporter) ESPN Deportes: Eduardo Varela (play by play) Pablo Viruega (analyst) ESPN Brazil: Everaldo Marques (play by play) Antony Curti (analyst) ESPN Radio: Sean McDonough (play - by - play) Todd Blackledge (analyst) Holly Rowe (sideline reporter) Ian Fitzsimmons (sideline reporter) Joe Tessitore, Barrett Jones, Adam Amin, and Tajh Boyd (ESPN2 Homer's Telecast). Nielsen ratings 15.3 (26.0 million viewers) International TV coverage Network ESPN Deportes College Football Playoff National Championship < 2016 2018 > Title: National Football League Draft Passage: In 1980, Chet Simmons, president of the year - old ESPN, asked Pete Rozelle if the fledgling network could broadcast coverage of the draft live on ESPN. Although Rozelle did not believe it would be entertaining television, he agreed. In 1988, the NFL moved the draft from weekdays to the weekend and ESPN's ratings of the coverage improved dramatically. Title: Showoffs Passage: Showoffs is an American game show which ran on ABC from June 30 to December 26, 1975. Bobby Van was host, with Gene Wood as announcer. The Mark Goodson-Bill Todman production involved two teams competing in a game of charades.	[ "ESPN College Football on ABC", "Showoffs" ]
When did the country where the city where Steven Blankaart was born is located refuse to surrender Namibia?	1946	[]	Title: Michael Lerchl Passage: Michael Lerchl (born 9 August 1986 in Windhoek, Namibia) is a German footballer who plays as a midfielder for SSV Markranstädt. Title: Boschmanskop No 1 Dam Passage: Boschmanskop No 1+2 Dam, is an earth-fill type dam on the Woes-Alleen River, near Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1995. Its primary purpose is flood control and it is owned by Optimum Colliery Pullen's Hope. Title: Paul Stevens (English footballer) Passage: Paul David Stevens (born 4 April 1960) was an English footballer who played as a right back. He made over 140 Football League appearances in the 1970s and 1980s mostly for Bristol City. Title: Psychology Passage: The word psychology derives from Greek roots meaning study of the psyche, or soul (ψυχή psukhē, ``breath, spirit, soul ''and - λογία - logia,`` study of'' or ``research ''). The Latin word psychologia was first used by the Croatian humanist and Latinist Marko Marulić in his book, Psichiologia de ratione animae humanae in the late 15th century or early 16th century. The earliest known reference to the word psychology in English was by Steven Blankaart in 1694 in The Physical Dictionary which refers to`` Anatomy, which treats the Body, and Psychology, which treats of the Soul.'' Title: Angula da Costa Passage: Angula da Costa (born 17 March 1987) is a Namibian football defender with Black Africa S.C. and the Namibia national football team. He first appeared in an international match for Namibia in November 2011 and has appeared in 5 matches total for his national squad. Title: Steven Blankaart Passage: Steven Blankaart (24 October 1650, Middelburg – 23 February 1704, Amsterdam) was a Dutch physician, iatrochemist, and entomologist, who worked on the same field as Jan Swammerdam. Blankaart proved the existence of a capillary system, as had been suggested by Leonardo da Vinci, by spouting up blood vessels, though he failed to realize the true significance of his findings. He is known for his development of injection techniques for this study and for writing the first Dutch book on child medicine. Blankaart translated works of John Mayow. Title: Namibia Passage: Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity of Namibia, and utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future." Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: Although public opinion in Paris was strongly against any form of surrender or concession to the Prussians, the Government realised that it could not hold the city for much longer, and that Gambetta's provincial armies would probably never break through to relieve Paris. President Trochu resigned on 25 January and was replaced by Favre, who signed the surrender two days later at Versailles, with the armistice coming into effect at midnight. Several sources claim that in his carriage on the way back to Paris, Favre broke into tears, and collapsed into his daughter's arms as the guns around Paris fell silent at midnight. At Tours, Gambetta received word from Paris on 30 January that the Government had surrendered. Furious, he refused to surrender and launched an immediate attack on German forces at Orleans which, predictably, failed. A delegation of Parisian diplomats arrived in Tours by train on 5 February to negotiate with Gambetta, and the following day Gambetta stepped down and surrendered control of the provincial armies to the Government of National Defence, which promptly ordered a cease-fire across France. Title: Namibia Passage: Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd Title: Walvis Bay Passage: In August 1993, prior to the end of apartheid, the Multiparty Negotiating Forum in South Africa passed a resolution calling for ``the incorporation - reintegration of Walvis Bay and the Off - Shore Islands into Namibia. ''The Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act was passed by the Parliament of South Africa that year. Following the signing of a treaty between the two countries, South Africa formally transferred sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to Namibia on 1 March 1994. Title: Namibia Passage: About half of the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence agriculture) for its livelihood, but Namibia must still import some of its food. Although per capita GDP is five times the per capita GDP of Africa's poorest countries, the majority of Namibia's people live in rural areas and exist on a subsistence way of life. Namibia has one of the highest rates of income inequality in the world, due in part to the fact that there is an urban economy and a more rural cash-less economy. The inequality figures thus take into account people who do not actually rely on the formal economy for their survival. Although arable land accounts for only 1% of Namibia, nearly half of the population is employed in agriculture. Title: Namibia Passage: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal.	[ "Boschmanskop No 1 Dam", "Namibia", "Steven Blankaart" ]
Where is the Blue Mosque located in the country where Işıkova is located?	Istanbul	[]	Title: Işıkova, Demirözü Passage: Işıkova is a village in the District of Demirözü, Bayburt Province, Turkey. As of 2010 it had a population of 74 people. Title: Periamet Mosque Passage: Periamet Mosque is a mosque situated on Poonamallee High Road in Chennai, India. The mosque is named after the Periamet neighbourhood in which it is located. Title: Sultan Ahmed Mosque Passage: The Sultan Ahmed Mosque or Sultan Ahmet Mosque (Turkish: Sultan Ahmet Camii) is a historic mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. A popular tourist site, the Sultan Ahmed Mosque continues to function as a mosque today; men still kneel in prayer on the mosque's lush red carpet after the call to prayer. The Blue Mosque, as it is popularly known, was constructed between 1609 and 1616 during the rule of Ahmed I. Its Külliye contains Ahmed's tomb, a madrasah and a hospice. Hand - painted blue tiles adorn the mosque's interior walls, and at night the mosque is bathed in blue as lights frame the mosque's five main domes, six minarets and eight secondary domes. It sits next to the Hagia Sophia, another popular tourist site.	[ "Işıkova, Demirözü", "Sultan Ahmed Mosque" ]
Who formed and first came to the colony where Friendship Hall is located?	the English	[ "English" ]	Title: Friendship Hall Passage: Friendship Hall is a historic home located at East New Market, Dorchester County, Maryland. It is a Georgian-style brick dwelling. It consists of a large five-bay, two-story main block built about 1790; a two-bay one-story passage; and a -story kitchen wing. Also on the property is a tall frame smokehouse with board-and-batten siding and a steep gable roof. It is associated with the locally prominent Sulivane family, who first came to Maryland in 1695. Title: History of Maryland Passage: The recorded history of Maryland dates back to when Europeans began exploring the area, starting with the Italian / Venetian John Cabot (c. 1450 -- c. 1500), exploring the coast of the continent of North America for England in 1498. The first European settlements were made in 1634, when the English arrived in significant numbers and created a permanent colony. Maryland was notable for having been established with religious freedom for Roman Catholics. Like other colonies of the Chesapeake Bay, its economy was based on tobacco as a commodity crop, cultivated primarily by African slave labor, although many young people came from Britain as indentured servants in the early years. Title: Plymouth Colony Passage: Plymouth Colony (sometimes New Plymouth) was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement served as the capital of the colony and developed as the modern town of Plymouth, Massachusetts. At its height, Plymouth Colony occupied most of the southeastern portion of the modern state of Massachusetts.	[ "History of Maryland", "Friendship Hall" ]
Who is the current Chief Justice from the country where Madi-Okollo is located?	Bart Magunda Katureebe	[]	Title: James Beveridge Thomson Passage: Sir James Beveridge Thomson, KBE, SMN, PMN, PJK (24 March 1902 – 31 March 1983), was a Scottish jurist and barrister who was the Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Malaysia. He was also Chief Justice of Fiji. Title: Bart Magunda Katureebe Passage: Bart Magunda Katureebe is a Ugandan judge and the Chief Justice of Uganda. He was appointed to that position on 5 March 2015. Before that, he was a justice of the Supreme Court of Uganda. Title: Chief Justice of Pakistan Passage: The first Chief Justice was Sir Abdul Rashid. The current Chief Justice is Mian Saqib Nisar; incumbent since 31 December 2016. Title: Madi-Okollo Passage: Madi Okollo is a county in Arua District of Uganda, comprising Rigbo and Okollo sub-counties. Okollo Trading Center in Okollo is the county Headquarters. Title: Demographics of the Supreme Court of the United States Passage: The average age of the Court as a whole fluctuates over time with the departure of older justices and the appointment of younger people to fill their seats. The average age of the Court is 72 years. Just prior to the death of Chief Justice Rehnquist in September 2005, the average age was 71. After Sonia Sotomayor was appointed in August 2009, the average age at which current justices were appointed was about 53 years old. Title: William Johnstone Ritchie Passage: Sir William Johnstone Ritchie (October 28, 1813 – September 25, 1892) was one of the first judges appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada. He became the second Chief Justice of the court, and the second-longest serving Chief Justice to date. Title: Government of India Passage: India's independent union judicial system began under the British, and its concepts and procedures resemble those of Anglo-Saxon countries. The Supreme Court of India consists of the chief justice and 30 associate justices, all appointed by the president on the advice of the Chief Justice of India. The jury trials were abolished in India in the early 1960s, after the famous case KM Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra, for reasons of being vulnerable to media and public pressure, as well as to being misled. Title: John Roberts Passage: John Glover Roberts Jr. (born January 27, 1955) is an American lawyer who serves as the 17th and current Chief Justice of the United States. He took his seat on September 29, 2005, having been nominated by President George W. Bush after the death of Chief Justice William Rehnquist. He has been described as having a conservative judicial philosophy in his jurisprudence. Title: Madras High Court Passage: It consists of 74 judges and a chief justice who are in charge of the general policy adopted in the administration of justice. In September 2016, the centre government forwarded names of 15 new judges to the President for his signature on their warrants of appointment. Of the 15, nine are from among lawyers and six from the subordinate judiciary. The current Chief justice Of Madras High Court is Indira Banerjee. She was sworn in on 5 April 2017. Title: Kalpana Rawal Passage: Kalpana Hasmukhrai Rawal (born 15 January 1946 in India Bhuj) is a Kenyan-Asian lawyer and the former Deputy Chief Justice and Vice President of the Supreme Court of Kenya. She was sworn in on June 3, 2013 as the Deputy Chief Justice of Kenya in a ceremony presided over by the President of Kenya and the Chief Justice. After a protracted case on the question of the retirement age of Judges who were appointed under the old Constitution of Kenya, the Supreme Court delivered a Ruling which effectively set the retirement age at 70 years, sending the Deputy Chief Justice and one other Supreme Court Judge who had reached 70 on retirement. Title: Meghalaya High Court Passage: The current Chief Justice is the Hon'ble Mr. Justice Mohammad Yaqoob Mir who took oath as Chief Justice on 21 May 2018. Title: Hugh Norman Gregory Fernando Passage: Hugh Norman Gregory Fernando (17 November 1910 – 24 March 1976) was the 33rd Chief Justice of Ceylon. He was appointed in 1966 succeeding Miliani Sansoni and was Chief Justice until 1973. He was succeeded by Gardiye Punchihewage Amaraseela Silva.	[ "Madi-Okollo", "Bart Magunda Katureebe" ]
When would the Crawl's performer's new album come out?	October 31, 2017	[]	Title: Heartbreak on a Full Moon Passage: Heartbreak on a Full Moon is the eighth studio album by American singer Chris Brown. The album is a double - disc, and was released on digital platforms on October 31, 2017 and has a physical release of November 3, 2017 by RCA Records. Title: Crawl (Chris Brown song) Passage: "Crawl" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown. It is the second single from his third studio album "Graffiti", released as a digital download on November 24, 2009. The song was produced by The Messengers and was written by Brown. The song is about yearning to rebuild a failed relationship and was interpreted by critics as being about Brown's former relationship with Barbadian singer Rihanna. However, Brown has stated the song is not about any of his previous relationships. Title: New York Trolley Company Passage: The New York Trolley Company is a trolley rental service based in New York, NY. The company was founded in 2009 by David S. Pike. Their fleet of tourist trolleys cater to events such as weddings, pub crawls, corporate events, birthday parties, and bachelorette parties. They serve the five boroughs, Long Island, and parts of New Jersey and Connecticut.	[ "Heartbreak on a Full Moon", "Crawl (Chris Brown song)" ]
What is the Margaraviate of the country where the Botanical Garden of the school where Hayek got his doctorates is located, an instance of?	march	[ "Mar", "March" ]	Title: Margraviate of Austria Passage: The Margraviate of Austria was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire created in 976 out of the territory on the border with the Principality of Hungary. Originally under the overlordship of the Dukes of Bavaria, it was ruled by margraves of the Franconian Babenberg dynasty. It became an Imperial State in its own right, when the Babenbergs were elevated to Dukes of Austria in 1156. Title: Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna Passage: The Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna is a botanical garden in Vienna, Austria. It covers 8 hectares and is immediately adjacent to the Belvedere gardens. It is a part of the University of Vienna. Title: Friedrich Hayek Passage: At the University of Vienna, Hayek earned doctorates in law and political science in 1921 and 1923 respectively; and he also studied philosophy, psychology, and economics. For a short time, when the University of Vienna closed, Hayek studied in Constantin von Monakow's Institute of Brain Anatomy, where Hayek spent much of his time staining brain cells. Hayek's time in Monakow's lab, and his deep interest in the work of Ernst Mach, inspired Hayek's first intellectual project, eventually published as The Sensory Order (1952). It located connective learning at the physical and neurological levels, rejecting the "sense data" associationism of the empiricists and logical positivists. Hayek presented his work to the private seminar he had created with Herbert Furth called the Geistkreis.	[ "Margraviate of Austria", "Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna", "Friedrich Hayek" ]
What is the place of death of the man who became leader of the largest country in europe by square miles, after the collapse of the political entity that the USA defeated for the ice hockey gold medal in 1980?	Moscow	[]	Title: Miracle on Ice Passage: The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union. Title: James Gemmell Passage: Gemmell was born in 100 Mile House, British Columbia and lists his hometown as Quesnel, British Columbia. In 2004, he had his right leg amputated above the knee after an automobile accident. He began playing sledge hockey in 2006 with the Surrey Eagles. Gemmell won a gold medal with Team Canada at the 2013 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships in Goyang, Korea, and a bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia. Title: Joe Howard (sledge hockey) Passage: Joseph "Momo" Howard (born 22 May 1966 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an ice sledge hockey player from United States. Howard lost both of his legs at the age of 15. In 1982, he was introduced to ice sledge hockey, and competed in his first Winter Paralympics at the 1998. At those games, the USA came in seventh place but Howard set a record with six goals in one match. At the 2002 Winter Paralympics, Howard contributed with three points in a 5-1 defeat of Canada. In the Gold Medal game, After an overtime shootout victory, the Americans prevailed defeating defending champions Norway 4-3. Title: John Mayasich Passage: John Edward Mayasich (born May 22, 1933) is an American former ice hockey player of Croatian descent. He was a member of the U.S. ice hockey team that won a silver medal at the 1956 Winter Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Winter Olympics. Title: History of Russia (1991–present) Passage: Prior to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin had been elected President of Russia in June 1991 in the first direct presidential election in Russian history. This ensured that Yeltsin would be the political leader of the Russian successor state following dissolution. This situation resulted in political turmoil as the Soviet and Russian leadership wrestled for control, which culminated in the 1991 August Putsch, where the Soviet military attempted to overthrow Gorbachev. Although the coup was ultimately averted, this situation contributed to rising instability in the Soviet Union. By October 1991, as the USSR was on the verge of collapse, Yeltsin announced that Russia would proceed with radical reforms, including market - oriented reform along the lines of Poland's ``big bang '', also known as`` shock therapy''. Title: India men's national field hockey team Passage: After their gold medal win at the 1980 Olympics, the team's performance declined through the next three decades, with the team failing to win a medal at the Olympics or the World Cup. In 2016, the Indian men's team won its first ever silver medal in Champions Trophy and reached the knockout stage of the Olympics for the first time in 36 years. As of 2018, the team is ranked fifth in the world. From February 2018, the Government of Odisha has started sponsoring the Indian national field hockey team, both men and women team. In a first - of - its - kind association, the state has decided to support the India's field hockey team for next five years. Title: Arnold Kadlec Passage: Arnold Kadlec (born January 8, 1959 in Most, Czechoslovakia) is a retired Czechoslovak ice hockey player. He played for the Czechoslovakian team in the 1980 and 1984 Winter Olympics, winning a silver medal in 1984. Title: Ezio Gamba Passage: Ezio Gamba (born 2 December 1958, in Brescia) is a retired judoka from Italy, who represented his native country at four consecutive Summer Olympics (1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988). He claimed the gold medal in the men's lightweight division (– 71 kg) in 1980 by defeating Great Britain's Neil Adams. Title: Basketball at the 1964 Summer Olympics Passage: Basketball contests at the 1964 Summer Olympics took place at the Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan from October 11 to October 23. The United States defeated the Soviet Union to win their sixth straight gold medal at this event, while Brazil earned the bronze against Puerto Rico. Title: Brett Sonne Passage: Brett Sonne (born May 16, 1989) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre. He is a former prospect of the St. Louis Blues organization, having been selected by the Blues in the third round, 85th overall, in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft. He is the 2009 recipient of the Four Broncos Memorial Trophy as WHL player of the year. Sonne was a member of the gold medal winning Canadian team at the 2009 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships Title: Naina Yeltsina Passage: Naina Yeltsina was rarely seen in public. She accompanied her husband on some of his foreign visits, including 1997 visits to Sweden, Finland, and a 1999 visit to China. As a rule, Naina Yeltsina never interfered in her husband's political work. However, in the 1996 election campaign, she met with voters and gave interviews to the media. A major public appearance was the state funeral of her late husband in Moscow in April 2007. Title: List of European countries by area Passage: Rank Country Area (km2) Notes Russia * 3,972,400 17,098,242 including North Asia Ukraine 603,628 This includes Crimea France * 551,394 643,801 when the overseas departments are included Spain * 498,468 505,992 when the Canary Islands, Ceuta and Melilla are included Sweden 449,964 6 Norway 385,178 This includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen 7 Germany 357,168 8 Finland 338,145 9 Poland 312,685 10 Italy 301,338 11 United Kingdom 248,532 1,976,102 when the British Overseas Territories are included. 12 Romania 238,392 13 Belarus 207,600 14 Kazakhstan * 180,000 (est.) 2,724,902 including Asian part 15 Greece 131,940 16 Bulgaria 110,994 17 Iceland 102,775 18 Hungary 93,030 19 Portugal 91,568 20 Austria 83,858 21 Czech Republic 78,866 22 Serbia 77,453 This excludes Kosovo 23 Ireland 70,273 24 Lithuania 65,300 25 Latvia 64,589 26 Croatia 56,594 27 Bosnia and Herzegovina 51,129 28 Slovakia 49,036 29 Estonia 45,339 30 Denmark 44,493 This includes Faroe Islands; 2,210,579 including Greenland 31 Switzerland 41,290 32 Netherlands 41,198 Excluding Caribbean Netherlands, Aruba, Curacao and Sint Maarten. 33 Moldova 33,846 34 Belgium 30,510 35 Albania 28,748 36 Macedonia (Former Yugoslavian Republic) 25,713 37 Turkey * 23,507 783,562 including Asian part 38 Slovenia 20,273 39 Montenegro 13,812 40 Kosovo 10,908 Partially recognized state 41 Cyprus 9,251 42 Azerbaijan * 6,960 86,600 including Asian part 43 Luxembourg 2,586 44 Georgia * 2,428 69,700 including Asian part 45 Andorra 468 46 Malta 316 47 Liechtenstein 160 48 San Marino 61 49 Monaco 1.95 50 Vatican City 0.44 Total 10,141,183 ± 5,000	[ "History of Russia (1991–present)", "Naina Yeltsina", "Miracle on Ice", "List of European countries by area" ]
Where did the original inhabitants of the place that contains Poike come from?	the Marquesas Islands from the west	[ "Marquesas", "Marquesas Islands" ]	Title: Bear Passage: In modern times, bears have come under pressure through encroachment on their habitats and illegal trade in bear parts, including the Asian bile bear market, though hunting is now banned, largely replaced by farming. The IUCN lists six bear species as vulnerable; even the two least concern species, the brown bear and the American black bear, are at risk of extirpation in certain areas. In general these two species inhabit remote areas with little interaction with humans, and the main non-natural causes of mortality are hunting, trapping, road - kill and depredation. Title: History of Easter Island Passage: The Austronesian Polynesians, who first settled the island, are likely to have arrived from the Marquesas Islands from the west. These settlers brought bananas, taro, sugarcane, and paper mulberry, as well as chickens and Polynesian rats. The island at one time supported a relatively advanced and complex civilization. Title: Poike Passage: Poike is one of three main extinct volcanoes that form Rapa Nui (Easter Island) (a Chilean island in the Pacific Ocean). At 370 metres, it is the island's second highest point after Terevaka.	[ "Poike", "History of Easter Island" ]
How close is Wrigley field to the lake supplying drinking water to the US city having producer Mr. fingers?	less than a mile to the east	[ "Mile" ]	Title: Water cribs in Chicago Passage: The water cribs in Chicago are structures built to house and protect offshore water intakes used to supply the City of Chicago with drinking water from Lake Michigan. Water is collected and transported through tunnels located close to 200 feet beneath the lake, varying in shape from circular to oval, and ranging in diameter from 10 to 20 feet. The tunnels lead from the cribs to one of two water purification plants located onshore, the Jardine Water Purification Plant (the world's largest) and the Eugene Sawyer Water Purification Plant, where the water is then treated before being pumped to all parts of the city as well as 118 suburbs. Title: House music Passage: Deep house's origins can be traced to Chicago producer Mr Fingers's relatively jazzy, soulful recordings "Mystery of Love" (1985) and "Can You Feel It?" (1986). According to author Richie Unterberger, it moved house music away from its "posthuman tendencies back towards the lush" soulful sound of early disco music. Title: Wrigley Field Passage: In April and May the wind often comes off Lake Michigan (less than a mile to the east), which means a northeast wind ``blowing in ''to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm and breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, which means the wind is`` blowing out'' and has the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues.	[ "Water cribs in Chicago", "Wrigley Field", "House music" ]
When did the torch arrive in the country of origin of Women?	May 2	[]	Title: Women (1985 film) Passage: Women is a 1985 Hong Kong drama film directed by Stanley Kwan in his directorial debut. Like Kwan's following films, "Women" focuses on female characters and their efforts to overcome cultural restrictions. The cast includes Cora Miao, Chow Yun-fat, Cherie Chung and Elaine Jin. It was nominated for nine Hong Kong Film Awards including Best Picture. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Hong Kong: The event was held in Hong Kong on May 2. In the ceremony held at the Hong Kong Cultural Centre in Tsim Sha Tsui, Chief Executive Donald Tsang handed the torch to the first torchbearer, Olympic medalist Lee Lai Shan. The torch relay then traveled through Nathan Road, Lantau Link, Sha Tin (crossed Shing Mun River via a dragon boat, which had been never used before in the history of Olympic torch relays), Victoria Harbour (crossed by Tin Hau, a VIP vessel managed by the Marine Department) before ending in Golden Bauhinia Square in Wan Chai. A total of 120 torchbearers were selected to participate in the event consisting of celebrities, athletes and pro-Beijing camp politicians. No politicians from the pro-democracy camp were selected as torchbearers. One torchbearer could not participate due to flight delay. It was estimated that more than 200,000 spectators came out and watched the relay. Many enthusiastic supporters wore red shirts and waved large Chinese flags. According to Hong Kong Chief Secretary for Administration Henry Tang, 3,000 police were deployed to ensure order. Title: Statue of Liberty Passage: The Statue of Liberty is a figure of a robed woman representing Libertas, a Roman goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed in Roman numerals with ``JULY IV MDCCLXXVI ''(July 4, 1776), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken chain lies at her feet. The statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad.	[ "Women (1985 film)", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
Who fathered the singer whose song was sent to the top of a Billboard chart by Castro's performance?	Tim Buckley	[]	Title: Dream Brother: The Songs of Tim and Jeff Buckley Passage: Dream Brother: The Songs of Tim and Jeff Buckley is a studio album performed by various artists in tribute to 1960s musician Tim Buckley, and his son, also a musician, Jeff Buckley. Both father and son died prematurely, Tim Buckley of an overdose and Jeff Buckley in a drowning accident. Title: Sky Like a Broken Clock Passage: Sky Like a Broken Clock is an album by American blues singer and guitarist Kelly Joe Phelps, released in 2001. It reached #8 on the Billboard Top Blues Albums charts. Title: When You Say Nothing at All Passage: ``When You Say Nothing at All ''is a country song written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz. It is among the best - known hit songs for three different performers: Keith Whitley, who took it to the top of the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart on December 24, 1988; Alison Krauss, whose version was her first solo top - 10 country hit in 1995; and Irish pop singer Ronan Keating, whose version was his first solo single and a chart - topper in the United Kingdom and Ireland in 1999. Title: Only Wanna Be with You Passage: "Only Wanna Be with You" is a song by American rock band Hootie & the Blowfish. It was released in July 1995 as the third single from their breakthrough album, "Cracked Rear View". It peaked at number six on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, number one on the "Billboard" Mainstream Top 40 chart, number three on the "Billboard" Adult Contemporary chart, and number two on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. Internationally, the song topped the Canadian "RPM" Top Singles chart for three weeks, becoming the second-most successful song of 1995, and reached the top 40 in Australia and New Zealand while also charting in Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. It is arguably the band's signature song. Darius Rucker still performs the song solo. Title: Blanket on the Ground Passage: "Blanket on the Ground" is a song recorded by country music singer Billie Jo Spears. Released in 1975, the song reached #1 on Billboard Magazine's Hot Country Singles chart, and #78 on the Hot 100 pop charts. In the United Kingdom, the song reached #6 on the pop charts. In Ireland the song became a top five hit in a cover by Philomena Begley, who became a close friend of Spears and occasionally performed with her as well as recording a tribute album. Title: Raquel Castro Passage: Raquel Castro (born November 17, 1994) is an American actress and singer - songwriter. She is known for her role in the 2004 film Jersey Girl as Gertie Trinké, the daughter of Ollie Trinké (Ben Affleck) and Gertrude Steiney (Jennifer Lopez), the role for which Castro won the Young Artist Award for the Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Actress Age Ten or Younger. She was a contestant in the American version of The Voice. Title: The Race Is On Passage: "The Race Is On" is a song written by Don Rollins and made a hit on the country music charts by George Jones and on the pop and easy listening charts by the unrelated Jack Jones. (This is not the Don Rollins who co-wrote It's Five O'Clock Somewhere for Alan Jackson and Jimmy Buffett.) George's version was the first single released from his 1965 album of the same name. Released as a single in September 1964, it peaked at number three on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles chart and at number 96 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in January 1965. Jack's version topped "Billboard's" Easy Listening chart and reached number 15 on the Hot 100 the same year. The two recordings combined to reach number 12 on the "Cashbox" charts, which combined all covers of the same song in one listing and thus gave George Jones his only top-40 hit. The song uses thoroughbred horse racing as the metaphor for the singer's romantic relationships. Title: Lonely Island (song) Passage: "Lonely Island" is a song by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke, released on March 24, 1958 by Keen Records. The song peaked at number 10 on "Billboard" Hot R&B Sides chart, and also charted within the top 30 of the "Billboard" Hot 100. Title: The Purple People Eater Passage: "The Purple People Eater" is a novelty song written and performed by Sheb Wooley, which reached No. 1 in the "Billboard" pop charts in 1958 from June 9 to July 14, reached No. 12 overall in the UK singles chart and topped the Australian charts. Title: Journey of a Gemini Passage: Journey of a Gemini is the fourth studio album by American singer Donell Jones. It was released by LaFace Records on June 20, 2006 in the United States. Pushed back numerous times due to record label complications of the Sony–BMG merger, the album was released to critical acclaim and became Jones' highest charting album on the "Billboard" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart where it topped at number one, while entering the top 20 on the "Billboard" 200 chart. Title: American Idol Passage: David Archuleta's performance of John Lennon's "Imagine" was considered by many as one of the best of the season. Jennifer Lopez, who was brought in as a judge in season ten, called it a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget. Jason Castro's semi-final performance of "Hallelujah" also received considerable attention, and it propelled Jeff Buckley's version of the song to the top of the Billboard digital song chart. This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts. Title: MacArthur Park (song) Passage: ``MacArthur Park ''is a song written and composed by Jimmy Webb. Richard Harris was the first to record the song in 1968: his version peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number four on the UK Singles Chart.`` MacArthur Park'' was subsequently covered by numerous artists, including a hit version in 1969 by country music singer Waylon Jennings. Among the best - known covers is Donna Summer's disco arrangement from 1978 which topped the Billboard Hot 100.	[ "Dream Brother: The Songs of Tim and Jeff Buckley", "American Idol" ]
When did the company that employed Edward Gryffydh Peacock take over India?	1757	[]	Title: Israr Ali Passage: Israr Ali (1 May 1927 – 1 February 2016) was a member of Pakistan's first Test team that played against India in India in 1952–53. Born in Jalandhar, British India, he played two Tests as a top order batsman in 1952–53 without success, then two more against the visiting Australians in 1959–60 as a lower order batsman and opening bowler, taking 6 wickets at 25.66, dismissing Les Favell four times. Title: Edward Gryffydh Peacock Passage: Edward Gryffydh Peacock (30 July 1825 – 4 January 1867) was an English official of the East India Company, publisher, writer and rower who won the Wingfield Sculls and Diamond Challenge Sculls at Henley Royal Regatta. Title: East India Company Passage: By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000 -- twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.	[ "East India Company", "Edward Gryffydh Peacock" ]
What year was there a refusal to surrender to Namibia from the country that contains the birthplace of Johannes d'Outrein?	1946	[]	Title: Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Namibia's diplomatic mission to the United States. It's located at 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Dupont Circle neighborhood. Title: Aminuis Constituency Passage: Aminuis Constituency is a electoral constituency in the Omaheke Region of Namibia. It has 12,343 inhabitants, its district capital is the settlement of Aminuis. The constituency forms part of the border between Namibia and Botswana. Title: Namibia Passage: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal. Title: Yuan dynasty Passage: The reason for the order of the classes and the reason why people were placed in a certain class was the date they surrendered to the Mongols, and had nothing to do with their ethnicity. The earlier they surrendered to the Mongols, the higher they were placed, the more the held out, the lower they were ranked. The Northern Chinese were ranked higher and Southern Chinese were ranked lower because southern China withstood and fought to the last before caving in. Major commerce during this era gave rise to favorable conditions for private southern Chinese manufacturers and merchants. Title: Johannes d'Outrein Passage: Johannes d'Outrein (Jan d'Outrein) (17 October 1662 in Middelburg – 24 February 1722 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch preacher, writer and author of evangelical theological works. He studied in Franeker, where he earned his doctorate in 1682. He was a preacher in Oost-Zanen in 1685, Franeker in 1687, Arnhem in 1691, Dordrecht in 1703 and Amsterdam in 1708, where he died in 1722. He was a prominent exponent of the Cocceian movement, and Friedrich Adolph Lampe was one of his disciples. Outrein believed that God was "the alliance God of the Netherlands, of his chosen people, who are gathered there and live there". Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country. Title: Boschmanskop No 1 Dam Passage: Boschmanskop No 1+2 Dam, is an earth-fill type dam on the Woes-Alleen River, near Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1995. Its primary purpose is flood control and it is owned by Optimum Colliery Pullen's Hope. Title: Economy of Eswatini Passage: Eswatini, Lesotho, Botswana, Namibia, and the Republic of South Africa form the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), where import duties apply uniformly to member countries. Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa also are members of the Common Monetary Area (CMA) in which repatriation and unrestricted funds are permitted. Eswatini issues its own currency, the lilangeni (plural: emalangeni), which is at par with the South African rand. Title: Juanita du Plessis Passage: Juanita du Plessis (née Naude) is a famous Afrikaans country singer, born on 26 April in Windhoek, Namibia. She became known for her song "Ska-Rumba". Du Plessis' singing career began in 1998 with her debut album "Juanita". That year she won the CMA (Country Music Association in Namibia) awards as best singer, best songwriter and the Association’s Award for outstanding achievement. Title: Namibia Passage: Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: Although public opinion in Paris was strongly against any form of surrender or concession to the Prussians, the Government realised that it could not hold the city for much longer, and that Gambetta's provincial armies would probably never break through to relieve Paris. President Trochu resigned on 25 January and was replaced by Favre, who signed the surrender two days later at Versailles, with the armistice coming into effect at midnight. Several sources claim that in his carriage on the way back to Paris, Favre broke into tears, and collapsed into his daughter's arms as the guns around Paris fell silent at midnight. At Tours, Gambetta received word from Paris on 30 January that the Government had surrendered. Furious, he refused to surrender and launched an immediate attack on German forces at Orleans which, predictably, failed. A delegation of Parisian diplomats arrived in Tours by train on 5 February to negotiate with Gambetta, and the following day Gambetta stepped down and surrendered control of the provincial armies to the Government of National Defence, which promptly ordered a cease-fire across France. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London.	[ "Boschmanskop No 1 Dam", "Namibia", "Johannes d'Outrein" ]
When did Chopin return to the city where Wacław Berent lived when he died?	September 1829	[]	Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Back in Warsaw that year, Chopin heard Niccolò Paganini play the violin, and composed a set of variations, Souvenir de Paganini. It may have been this experience which encouraged him to commence writing his first Études, (1829–32), exploring the capacities of his own instrument. On 11 August, three weeks after completing his studies at the Warsaw Conservatory, he made his debut in Vienna. He gave two piano concerts and received many favourable reviews—in addition to some commenting (in Chopin's own words) that he was "too delicate for those accustomed to the piano-bashing of local artists". In one of these concerts, he premiered his Variations on Là ci darem la mano, Op. 2 (variations on an aria from Mozart's opera Don Giovanni) for piano and orchestra. He returned to Warsaw in September 1829, where he premiered his Piano Concerto No. 2 in F minor, Op. 21 on 17 March 1830. Title: Wacław Berent Passage: Wacław Berent (Warsaw, 28 September 1878 – 19 November or 22 November 1940, Warsaw) was a Polish novelist, essayist and literary translator from the Art Nouveau period, publishing under the pen names S.A.M. and Wł. Rawicz. He studied Natural Science in Kraków and Zurich, and obtained a PhD in Munich before returning to Warsaw and embarking on a literary career around the turn of the century. Berent became a member of the prestigious Polish Academy of Literature () in 1933. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Wacław Berent" ]
What was the field of work of the famous evolutionist who was influenced by the book Principles of Geology?	bio	[ "Bio" ]	Title: Geology Passage: Some modern scholars, such as Fielding H. Garrison, are of the opinion that the origin of the science of geology can be traced to Persia after the Muslim conquests had come to an end. Abu al-Rayhan al-Biruni (973–1048 CE) was one of the earliest Persian geologists, whose works included the earliest writings on the geology of India, hypothesizing that the Indian subcontinent was once a sea. Drawing from Greek and Indian scientific literature that were not destroyed by the Muslim conquests, the Persian scholar Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 981–1037) proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics central to modern geology, which provided an essential foundation for the later development of the science. In China, the polymath Shen Kuo (1031–1095) formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation: based on his observation of fossil animal shells in a geological stratum in a mountain hundreds of miles from the ocean, he inferred that the land was formed by erosion of the mountains and by deposition of silt. Title: Darwin Medal Passage: The Darwin Medal is awarded by the Royal Society every alternate year for "work of acknowledged distinction in the broad area of biology in which Charles Darwin worked, notably in evolution, population biology, organismal biology and biological diversity". First awarded in 1890, it was created in memory of Charles Darwin and is presented with a £2000 prize (as of 2016). Title: Geology Passage: Sir Charles Lyell first published his famous book, Principles of Geology, in 1830. This book, which influenced the thought of Charles Darwin, successfully promoted the doctrine of uniformitarianism. This theory states that slow geological processes have occurred throughout the Earth's history and are still occurring today. In contrast, catastrophism is the theory that Earth's features formed in single, catastrophic events and remained unchanged thereafter. Though Hutton believed in uniformitarianism, the idea was not widely accepted at the time.	[ "Geology", "Darwin Medal" ]
When will the next senator from the state where WZYP is located be seated?	January 3, 2018	[]	Title: 2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama Passage: Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, becoming the first Democratic U.S. Senator from Alabama since Howell Heflin's retirement in 1997. Title: Cornell University Passage: Cornell University was founded on April 27, 1865; the New York State (NYS) Senate authorized the university as the state's land grant institution. Senator Ezra Cornell offered his farm in Ithaca, New York, as a site and $500,000 of his personal fortune as an initial endowment. Fellow senator and educator Andrew Dickson White agreed to be the first president. During the next three years, White oversaw the construction of the first two buildings and traveled to attract students and faculty. The university was inaugurated on October 7, 1868, and 412 men were enrolled the next day. Title: WZYP Passage: WZYP (104.3 FM, "104.3 'ZYP") is a Top 40 (CHR) music-formatted radio station licensed to serve Athens, Alabama, and broadcasting in the Huntsville, Alabama, area. The station is owned by Cumulus Media and also broadcasts in HD Radio. The broadcast signal can be heard throughout all of northern Alabama and much of southern central Tennessee. Its studios are in Athens and its transmitter is in Madison, Alabama.	[ "WZYP", "2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama" ]
Who is the spouse of the singer of Why does it Hurt When I Pee?	Gail Zappa	[]	Title: Kingsburg, South Carolina Passage: Kingsburg is an unincorporated community in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. The community is located at the intersection of US 378, SC 41, SC 51 and River Road (S-21-57), in southeastern Florence County. Wedged between the Great Pee Dee River and Lynches River, the area is a predominantly farming community. Title: Joe's Garage (song) Passage: ``Joe's Garage ''is a single on Frank Zappa's 1979 album Joe's Garage Act I. After the introductory track,`` The Central Scrutinizer'', this song begins the story of Joe's Garage. Although it only charted in Norway and Sweden (where it was a top 20 hit in both countries), it was one of Zappa's songs which had the most airplay on American FM radio, at the time still album - centered. The song was played in concert from 1980 to 1988 along with the song ``Why Does it Hurt When I Pee? ''in all tours of Zappa's after the single's release. The single version of the song lacks many of the special effects that the album version contains. The single version of`` Joe's Garage'' was put onto Zappa's best - of Strictly Commercial. Title: Gail Zappa Passage: Adelaide Gail Zappa ( Sloatman; January 1, 1945 – October 7, 2015) was the wife of musician and composer Frank Zappa and the trustee of the Zappa Family Trust. They met in Los Angeles in 1966 and married while she was pregnant with their first child, Moon, followed by Dweezil, Ahmet and Diva.	[ "Joe's Garage (song)", "Gail Zappa" ]
What conflict did the 55th Infantry Division from the part Holmes, Lancashire is located in participate in?	World War I	[ "The Great War", "World War", "Great War" ]	Title: 1st Alpine Division Taurinense Passage: The 1st Alpine Division Taurinense was a World War II light Infantry division of the Italian Army which specialised in Mountain Combat. The "Alpini" that formed the divisions are a highly decorated and elite mountain corps of the Italian Army consisting of both infantry and artillery units. Today, the traditions and name of the 1st Alpine Division Taurinense are carried on by the Alpine Brigade Taurinense. Title: Holmes, Lancashire Passage: Holmes is a hamlet in West Lancashire, England. It is adjacent to the larger village of Mere Brow, which is between the much larger villages of Banks to the west and Tarleton to the east. It is directly situated on the A565 road, which gives the village good links with Preston, Southport and Liverpool. Historically, the village was an agricultural settlement, due to the excellent soil, and farming is still important. Title: 199th (Manchester) Brigade Passage: The 199th (2/1st Manchester) Brigade was an infantry brigade formation of the British Army that saw active service during the Great War as part of 66th (2nd East Lancashire) Division and was reformed as 199th Infantry Brigade in World War II, serving with 55th (West Lancashire) Infantry Division until August 1944 when it was redesignated 166th Infantry Brigade.	[ "Holmes, Lancashire", "199th (Manchester) Brigade" ]
What larger group of mountains includes the mountain range that Rigidalstock is part of?	Western Alps	[]	Title: Rigidalstock Passage: The Rigidalstock is a mountain of the Urner Alps, located on the border between the cantons of Nidwalden and Obwalden in Central Switzerland. It lies south of the Gross Walenstock. Title: Uri Alps Passage: The Uri Alps (also known as "Urner Alps", ) are a mountain range in Central Switzerland and part of the Western Alps. They extend into the cantons of Obwalden, Valais, Bern, Uri and Nidwalden and are bordered by the Bernese Alps (Grimsel Pass) and the Emmental Alps to the west (the four lakes: Lungerersee, Sarnersee, Wichelsee, and Alpnachersee), the Schwyzer Alps to the north (Lake Lucerne), the Lepontine Alps to the south (the valley of Urseren with Andermatt) and the Glarus Alps to the east (Reuss). Title: I Am Anne Frank (American Horror Story) Passage: "I Am Anne Frank" is a two-part episode, consisting of the fourth and fifth episodes of the of the FX anthology television series "American Horror Story". The first part aired on November 7, 2012, and the second aired on November 14, 2012. The first part is written by Jessica Sharzer and directed by Michael Uppendahl, and the second part is written by Brad Falchuk and directed by Alfonso Gomez-Rejon. Both episodes are rated TV-MA (LSV).	[ "Rigidalstock", "Uri Alps" ]
Who is current prime minister of the country where Haddersfield is located?	Andrew Holness	[]	Title: Prime Minister of Jamaica Passage: The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaica's head of government, currently Andrew Holness. Holness, as leader of the governing Jamaica Labour Party (JLP), was sworn in as Prime Minister on 3 March 2016, succeeding People's National Party (PNP) leader Portia Simpson - Miller. This was a result of the JLP's victory in Jamaica's 25 February 2016 general election. Title: Prime Minister of Iraq Passage: The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place. Title: Chris Watson Passage: John Christian Watson (born John Christian Tanck; 9 April 186718 November 1941), commonly known as Chris Watson, was an Australian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Australia. He was the first Prime Minister from the Australian Labour Party, and led the world's first Labour Party government, indeed the world's first socialist or social democratic government, at a national level. From paternal German and maternal British ancestry, he is the only Australian Prime Minister not born in a Commonwealth country. Title: Prime Minister of the Bahamas Passage: The Prime Minister of The Bahamas is the head of government of the Bahamas, currently Hubert Minnis. Minnis, as leader of the governing Free National Movement party (FNM), He was sworn in as Prime Minister on 11 May 2017, succeeding Progressive Liberal Party (PLP) leader Perry Christie. This was a result of the FNM's victory in the Bahamas general election of May 10, 2017. The Prime Minister is formally appointed into office by the Governor General of the Bahamas, who represents Elizabeth II, the Queen of the Bahamas (The Bahamian Head of State). Title: Maja Gojković Passage: Maja Gojković (Serbian Cyrillic: Маја Гојковић; born 22 May 1963 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian politician and current President of the National Assembly of Serbia. She served as minister without portfolio and Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia under the Slobodan Milošević regime. Title: Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Passage: The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister (informally abbreviated to PM) and Cabinet (consisting of all the most senior ministers, most of whom are government department heads) are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Monarch, to Parliament, to their political party and ultimately to the electorate. The office is one of the Great Offices of State. The current holder of the office, Theresa May, leader of the Conservative Party, was appointed by the Queen on 13 July 2016. Title: Houghton, Norfolk Passage: For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk. It is the location of Houghton Hall, a large country house built by Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Title: Government of the United Kingdom Passage: The current prime minister is Theresa May, who took office on 13 July 2016. She is the leader of the Conservative Party, which won a majority of seats in the House of Commons in the general election on 7 May 2015, when David Cameron was the party leader; although at the last general election she failed to secure a majority government. Prior to this, Cameron and the Conservatives led a coalition from 2010 to 2015 with the Liberal Democrats, in which Cameron was prime minister. Title: Minister of Defence (India) Passage: The first defence minister of independent India was Baldev Singh, who served in Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet during 1947 -- 52. Nirmala Sitharaman, the current defence minister of India is the second woman since Indira Gandhi to hold this major post. Title: List of prime ministers of Elizabeth II Passage: The Queen has had over 160 individuals serve as her realms' prime ministers throughout her reign, the first new appointment being Dudley Senanayake as Prime Minister of Ceylon and the most recent being Scott Morrison as Prime Minister of Australia. Several of the Queen's prime ministers from various realms have been appointed for life to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. Title: Haddersfield, Jamaica Passage: Haddersfield, also known as Huddersfield, is a small town located in the St. Mary parish of Jamaica. It is located at 18°24' N, 77°1' W, close to the small town of 'Retreat' and the mouth of the 'Rio Nuevo', some 10 kilometres east of Ocho Rios. It lies at an altitude of 164 metres above sea level. Title: Miloš Zeman Passage: Miloš Zeman (; born 28 September 1944) is a Czech politician serving as the third and current President of the Czech Republic since 8 March 2013. He previously served as Prime Minister of the Czech Republic from 1998 to 2002. As Leader of the Czech Social Democratic Party during the 1990s, he transformed his party into one of the country's major political forces. Zeman was Speaker of the Chamber of Deputies, the lower house of the Czech parliament, from 1996 until he became Prime Minister two years later in 1998.	[ "Prime Minister of Jamaica", "Haddersfield, Jamaica" ]
What kind of plane dropped the bomb on the city over which Little Boy was detonated?	Boeing B - 29 Superfortress bomber	[ "Boeing" ]	Title: Centennial Olympic Park bombing Passage: The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a domestic terrorist pipe bombing attack on the Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 27 during the 1996 Summer Olympics. The blast directly killed 1 person and injured 111 others; another person later died of a heart attack. It was the first of four bombings committed by Eric Rudolph. Security guard Richard Jewell discovered the bomb before detonation and cleared most of the spectators out of the park. Rudolph, a carpenter and handyman, had detonated three pipe bombs inside a U.S. military ALICE Pack. Motivated by what he considered to be the government's sanctioning of ``abortion on demand '', Rudolph wanted to force the cancellation of the Olympics. Title: Thermos bomb Passage: Thermos bomb was the informal name for the AR-4, an air dropped anti-personnel mine used by the Italian Air Force during World War II. Large numbers were used against Malta and in the Middle East. It was named for its superficial appearance to a Thermos bottle, a popular brand of vacuum flask. The bomb was a cylinder long and weighing . It could be fitted with a very sensitive motion-sensitive fuze that would detonate if any attempt was made to move it, and could be lethal in the open up to around away. Because of this, unexploded Thermos bombs were normally destroyed where they fell, either by attaching a long piece of string to them and giving it a jerk, or detonating a small explosive charge next to them. Title: Nuclear arms race Passage: Behind the scenes, the Soviet government was working on building its own atomic weapons. During the war, Soviet efforts had been limited by a lack of uranium but new supplies in Eastern Europe were found and provided a steady supply while the Soviets developed a domestic source. While American experts had predicted that the Soviet Union would not have nuclear weapons until the mid-1950s, the first Soviet bomb was detonated on August 29, 1949, shocking the entire world. The bomb, named ``First Lightning ''by the West, was more or less a copy of`` Fat Man'', one of the bombs the United States had dropped on Japan in 1945. Title: Enola Gay Passage: The Enola Gay (/ ɪˈnoʊlə ˈɡeɪ /) is a Boeing B - 29 Superfortress bomber, named for Enola Gay Tibbets, the mother of the pilot, Colonel Paul Tibbets, who selected the aircraft while it was still on the assembly line. On 6 August 1945, during the final stages of World War II, it became the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb. The bomb, code - named ``Little Boy '', was targeted at the city of Hiroshima, Japan, and caused unprecedented destruction. Enola Gay participated in the second atomic attack as the weather reconnaissance aircraft for the primary target of Kokura. Clouds and drifting smoke resulted in a secondary target, Nagasaki, being bombed instead. Title: Pacific War Passage: On 6 August 1945, the U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima in the first nuclear attack in history. In a press release issued after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Truman warned Japan to surrender or "...expect a rain of ruin from the air, the like of which has never been seen on this earth." Three days later, on 9 August, the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, the last nuclear attack in history. More than 140,000–240,000 people died as a direct result of these two bombings. The necessity of the atomic bombings has long been debated, with detractors claiming that a naval blockade and aerial bombing campaign had already made invasion, hence the atomic bomb, unnecessary. However, other scholars have argued that the bombings shocked the Japanese government into surrender, with Emperor finally indicating his wish to stop the war. Another argument in favor of the atomic bombs is that they helped avoid Operation Downfall, or a prolonged blockade and bombing campaign, any of which would have exacted much higher casualties among Japanese civilians. Historian Richard B. Frank wrote that a Soviet invasion of Japan was never likely because they had insufficient naval capability to mount an amphibious invasion of Hokkaidō. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: During the final stage of World War II, the United States dropped nuclear weapons on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States had dropped the bombs with the consent of the United Kingdom as outlined in the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed at least 129,000 people (most of whom were civilians) and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Title: Mehola Junction bombing Passage: Hamas bombmaker Yahya Ayyash rigged a Volkswagen Transporter using three large propane tanks and explosives collected from grenades and other ordnance. The bomb was connected to a detonator switch in the driver's controls. Title: Uranium Passage: Two major types of atomic bombs were developed by the United States during World War II: a uranium-based device (codenamed "Little Boy") whose fissile material was highly enriched uranium, and a plutonium-based device (see Trinity test and "Fat Man") whose plutonium was derived from uranium-238. The uranium-based Little Boy device became the first nuclear weapon used in war when it was detonated over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. Exploding with a yield equivalent to 12,500 tonnes of TNT, the blast and thermal wave of the bomb destroyed nearly 50,000 buildings and killed approximately 75,000 people (see Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki). Initially it was believed that uranium was relatively rare, and that nuclear proliferation could be avoided by simply buying up all known uranium stocks, but within a decade large deposits of it were discovered in many places around the world. Title: TNT equivalent Passage: 6998150000000000000 ♠ 1.5 × 10 -- 6998200000000000000 ♠ 2 × 10 17.4 -- 23.2 GWh The Little Boy atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima on August 6, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 15 kilotons of TNT (63 TJ), and the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki on August 9, 1945, exploded with an energy of about 20 kilotons of TNT (84 TJ). The modern nuclear weapons in the United States arsenal range in yield from 0.3 kt (1.3 TJ) to 1.2 Mt (5.0 PJ) equivalent, for the B83 strategic bomb. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States dropped the bombs after obtaining the consent of the United Kingdom, as required by the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed 129,000 -- 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians. They remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Title: Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Passage: During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The United States dropped the bombs after obtaining the consent of the United Kingdom, as required by the Quebec Agreement. The two bombings killed at least 129,000 people, most of whom were civilians. They remain the only use of nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Title: Centennial Olympic Park bombing Passage: The Centennial Olympic Park bombing was a domestic terrorist pipe bombing attack on the Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 27 during the 1996 Summer Olympics. The blast directly killed 1 person and injured 111 others; another person later died of a heart attack. It was the first of four bombings committed by Eric Robert Rudolph. Security guard Richard Jewell discovered the bomb before detonation and cleared most of the spectators out of the park. Rudolph, a carpenter and handyman, had detonated three pipe bombs inside a U.S. military ALICE Pack. Motivated by what he considered to be the government's sanctioning of ``abortion on demand, ''Rudolph wanted to force the cancellation of the Olympics.	[ "Uranium", "Enola Gay" ]
Who was the minister of Chavundaraya's place of residence in 2018?	H.D. Kumaraswamy	[]	Title: President of Chile Passage: President of the Republic of Chile Presidential Standard Incumbent Michelle Bachelet since 11 March 2014 Style His / Her Excellency Residence No official residence Seat La Moneda Palace Term length Four years, not eligible for re-election immediately Inaugural holder Manuel Blanco Encalada Formation June 9, 1826 Succession Minister of the Interior (as Vice-President) Website www.gob.cl Title: Edwin Corbett Passage: Edwin Corbett graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1843, joined the Diplomatic Service in 1847 and was attaché at Paris, Washington, D.C., Madrid and Copenhagen. He was Secretary of Legation at Florence in 1858, at Stockholm in 1860, at Frankfurt in 1862, and at Munich in 1865. In 1866 he was promoted to be "chargé d'affaires" and Consul-General to the Central American Republics (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Honduras and Salvador), based in Guatemala City, and in 1873 he was promoted to Minister Resident and Consul-General for the same countries. He was Minister Resident to Switzerland 1874–78 and Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Greece 1878–81, to Brazil 1881–84 and to Sweden and Norway 1884–1888. Title: Chavundaraya Passage: A courageous commander with the title "Samara Paraśurāma" ("lit", "Battle-Rama wielding an ax"), he found time to pursue his literary interests as well and became a renowned writer in Kannada and Sanskrit. He wrote an important and existing prose piece called the "Chavundaraya Purana", also known as "Trishasthi Lakshana Purana", in Kannada (978) and the "Cāritrasāra" in Sanskrit. He patronised the famous Kannada grammarians Gunavarma and Nagavarma I and the poet Ranna whose writing "Parusharama Charite" may have been a eulogy of his patron. Because of his many lasting contributions, Chavundaraya is an important figure in the history of medieval Karnataka. Title: Union for the Mediterranean Passage: 17 June: LogismedTA (Training Activities under the Programme on the Development of a Network of Euro-Mediterranean Logistics Platforms)Between 2013 and 2018, thirteen sectorial ministerial meetings took place, in presence of the ministers of the UfM Member States: Title: Carmen Montón Passage: Carmen Montón Giménez (born 9 March 1976 in Burjassot, Spain) is a Spanish politician who belongs to the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). She was the Spanish Minister of Health, Consumer Affairs and Social Welfare from the 7 June 2018 until her resignation on 11 September 2018 due to the scandal of her master’s degree. Title: Sunday Times Rich List Passage: Sunday Times Rich List List of 1,000 UK residents, ranked in order of net worth Publication details Publication The Sunday Times First published Latest publication 000000002018 - 05 - 13 - 0000 May 13, 2018 Current list details (2018) Wealthiest Jim Ratcliffe Net worth (1st) GB £21.05 billion Sunday Times Rich List website Title: List of years in television Passage: 1930: Baird installs a television at 10 Downing Street, London, the British Prime Minister's residence. On July 14, Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald and his family use it to watch the first ever television drama, The Man with the Flower in His Mouth. Title: Government of Karnataka Passage: As of June 2018, the Government of Karnataka consists of 27 ministers including Chief Minister and a Deputy Chief Minister. Title: Prime Minister of Pakistan Passage: Imran Khan has held the office of Prime Minister since 18 August 2018, following the outcome of nationwide general elections held on 25 July 2018. Title: Government of Karnataka Passage: Government of Karnataka The state of India Seat of Government Vidhana Soudha, Bangalore Executive Governor Vajubhai Vala Chief Minister H.D. Kumaraswamy Deputy Chief Minister G. Parameshwara Legislature Assembly Karnataka State Assembly Speaker K.R. Ramesh Kumar Members in Assembly 224 Council Karnataka Legislative Council Chairman D.H. Shankaramurthy Members in Council 75 Judiciary High Court Karnataka High Court Chief Justice Dinesh Maheshwari Title: Richard Caborn Passage: Richard George Caborn (born 6 October 1943) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sheffield Central from 1983 to 2010. Caborn was a member of the government for ten years, serving as the Minister of Sport from 2001 to 2007. He was later appointed by Gordon Brown as the Prime Minister's Ambassador for England's 2018 World Cup Bid. Title: Mahlamba Ndlopfu Passage: The house, formerly called Libertas, was designed by Architect Gerard Moerdijk in a traditional Cape Dutch style and completed in 1940 as the official residence for the Prime Minister of South Africa in the Bryntirion suburb of Pretoria. It is surrounded by impressive gardens. Through the years, slight changes were made on the building. After the post of Prime Minister was abolished in 1984, it became the presidential residence.	[ "Government of Karnataka", "Chavundaraya" ]
What is the record label of the performer of Live: Take No Prisoners?	Warner Bros.	[]	Title: Red and Black in Willisau Passage: Red and Black in Willisau is a live album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman and drummer Ed Blackwell featuring performances recorded at the Willisau Jazz Festival in 1980 for the Italian Black Saint label. Title: Lulu (Lou Reed and Metallica album) Passage: Lulu is a collaboration album between rock singer-songwriter Lou Reed and heavy metal band Metallica. It was released on October 31, 2011 by Warner Bros. in the U.S. and Vertigo elsewhere. The album is the final full-length studio recording project that Reed was involved in before his death in October 2013. It was recorded in San Rafael, California, during April through June 2011, after Reed had played with Metallica at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 25th Anniversary Concert which led to them wanting to collaborate. The lead single, titled "The View", was released on September 27, 2011. Title: Do They Know It's Christmas? Passage: Phil Collins arrived with his entire drum kit to record a live drum track on top of the already programmed drum machine. He set up the kit and then waited patiently until early evening until after all the vocals had been recorded. Ure was content with the first take that Collins performed, but the perfectionist Collins was unhappy with it and asked for a second take to be recorded, which he was satisfied with. Title: African Venus Passage: African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label. Title: The Opening (album) Passage: The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label. Title: Matador (Kenny Dorham album) Passage: Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label. Title: Take Offs and Landings Passage: Take Offs and Landings is Rilo Kiley's debut full-length album, originally released in 2001 under the vanity label "Rilo Records," then shortly thereafter on the independent label Barsuk Records. It was released for the first time on vinyl on March 15, 2011. Title: 30th Anniversary Tour: Live Passage: 30th Anniversary Tour: Live is the fourth live album by George Thorogood and the Destroyers. It was recorded on May 4, 2004 at the Royal Concert Hall in Nottingham, England, and on October 19, 2004 on the Eagle Records label. The performance was also released on DVD, and as a CD/DVD collectors' edition. Title: Live at the Whitney Passage: Live at the Whitney is a live album by American pianist, composer and bandleader Duke Ellington recorded at the Whitney Museum of American Art in 1972 and released on the Impulse! label in 1995. Title: Bach to the Blues Passage: Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label. Title: The Voice That Is! Passage: The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label. Title: Live: Take No Prisoners Passage: The illustrations on the cover were officially credited to Brent Bailer but Spanish illustrator won in 2000 a legal battle after which it was determined that the original drawing had been done by him for the cover of a magazine in the seventies. RCA was forced to pay Nazario 4 million pesetas (around 24,000 euros/$27,000 USD). Nazario has said that if Lou Reed had ever asked him for permission to use his drawing, he would probably have given it for free.	[ "Live: Take No Prisoners", "Lulu (Lou Reed and Metallica album)" ]
When did voters from the state of the most successful American Idol contestant this season is from once again vote for someone from Mayor Turner's party?	2008	[]	Title: American Idol Passage: Since the show's inception in 2002, ten of the fourteen Idol winners, including its first five, have come from the Southern United States. A large number of other notable finalists during the series' run have also hailed from the American South, including Clay Aiken, Kellie Pickler, and Chris Daughtry, who are all from North Carolina. In 2012, an analysis of the 131 contestants who have appeared in the finals of all seasons of the show up to that point found that 48% have some connection to the Southern United States. Title: American Idol Passage: Despite being eliminated earlier in the season, Chris Daughtry (as lead of the band Daughtry) became the most successful recording artist from this season. Other contestants, such as Hicks, McPhee, Bucky Covington, Mandisa, Kellie Pickler, and Elliott Yamin have had varying levels of success. Title: North Carolina Passage: North Carolina's party loyalties have undergone a series of important shifts in the last few years: While the 2010 midterms saw Tar Heel voters elect a bicameral Republican majority legislature for the first time in over a century, North Carolina has also become a Southern swing state in presidential races. Since Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter's comfortable victory in the state in 1976, the state had consistently leaned Republican in presidential elections until Democrat Barack Obama narrowly won the state in 2008. In the 1990s, Democrat Bill Clinton came within a point of winning the state in 1992 and also only narrowly lost the state in 1996. In the early 2000s, Republican George W. Bush easily won the state by over 12 points, but by 2008, demographic shifts, population growth, and increased liberalization in heavily populated areas such as the Research Triangle, Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, and Asheville, propelled Barack Obama to victory in North Carolina, the first Democrat to win the state since 1976. In 2012, North Carolina was again considered a competitive swing state, with the Democrats even holding their 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte. However, Republican Mitt Romney ultimately eked out a 2-point win in North Carolina, the only 2012 swing state that Obama lost, and one of only two states (along with Indiana) to flip from Obama in 2008 to the GOP in 2012. Title: Houston Passage: The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Houston is a home rule city and all municipal elections in the state of Texas are nonpartisan. The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council. The current mayor of Houston is Sylvester Turner, a Democrat elected on a nonpartisan ballot. Houston's mayor serves as the city's chief administrator, executive officer, and official representative, and is responsible for the general management of the city and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced.	[ "Houston", "North Carolina", "American Idol" ]
When did Muslim armies invade the country where Mayer is located and the country where kleicha is made?	in 634	[]	Title: Steven Kull Passage: Kull began intensive study of public opinion in the Muslim world in 2006, conducting focus groups in six majority-Muslim nations and polls in eleven countries, of which the result is "Feeling Betrayed", his book on Muslim attitudes toward the United States. Title: Tibet Passage: Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also came from Persia. After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year. Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. There is also a well established Chinese Muslim community (gya kachee), which traces its ancestry back to the Hui ethnic group of China. Title: Islam by country Passage: The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor. Title: Kleicha Passage: Kleicha () may be considered the national cookie of both Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Kleicha come in several traditional shapes and fillings. The most popular are the ones filled with dates ("kleichat tamur"). There are also sweet discs ("khfefiyyat"), as well as half moons filled with nuts, sugar and/or desiccated coconut ("kleichat joz"). Title: Madrasa Passage: In Southeast Asia, Muslim students have a choice of attending a secular government or an Islamic school. Madaris or Islamic schools are known as Sekolah Agama (Malay: religious school) in Malaysia and Indonesia, โรงเรียนศาสนาอิสลาม (Thai: school of Islam) in Thailand and madaris in the Philippines. In countries where Islam is not the majority or state religion, Islamic schools are found in regions such as southern Thailand (near the Thai-Malaysian border) and the southern Philippines in Mindanao, where a significant Muslim population can be found. Title: Lucknow Pact Passage: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, then a member of the Congress as well as the League, made both the parties reach an agreement to pressure the British government to adopt a more liberal approach to India and give Indians more authority to run their country, besides safeguarding basic Muslim demands. Jinnah is seen as the mastermind and architect of this pact. Title: Gerhard Mayer Passage: He represented his native country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, where he ended up in 18th place in the overall-rankings. He also competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics, finishing in 24th place. Mayer is best known for winning the gold medal in the men's discus event at the 2007 Summer Universiade in Bangkok, Thailand. Title: Muslim conquest of the Levant Passage: The Muslim conquest of the Levant (Arabic: اَلْـفَـتْـحُ الْإٍسْـلَامِيُّ لِـلـشَّـامِ ‎, Al - Faṫṫḥul - Islāmiyyuash - Shām) or Arab conquest of the Levant (Arabic: اَلْـفَـتْـحُ الْـعَـرَبِيُّ لِـلـشَّـامِ ‎, Al - Faṫṫḥul - ʿArabiyyu Lish - Shām) occurred in the first half of the 7th century, and refers to the conquest of the region known as the Levant or Shaam (Arabic: شَـام ‎, 'Syria'), later to become the Islamic Province of Bilad al - Sham, as part of the Islamic conquests. Arab Muslim forces had appeared on the southern borders even before the death of prophet Muhammad in 632, resulting in the Battle of Mu'tah in 629, but the real invasion began in 634 under his successors, the Rashidun Caliphs Abu Bakr and Umar ibn Khattab, with Khalid ibn al - Walid as their most important military leader. Title: Samurai Passage: In 1274, the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China sent a force of some 40,000 men and 900 ships to invade Japan in northern Kyūshū. Japan mustered a mere 10,000 samurai to meet this threat. The invading army was harassed by major thunderstorms throughout the invasion, which aided the defenders by inflicting heavy casualties. The Yuan army was eventually recalled and the invasion was called off. The Mongol invaders used small bombs, which was likely the first appearance of bombs and gunpowder in Japan. Title: Yalova Peninsula massacres Passage: The Yalova Peninsula massacres were a series of massacres and ethnic cleansings during 1920–1921, the majority of which occurred during March – May 1921. They were committed by local Greek and Armenian gangs and the invading Greek army against the Turkish Muslim population of the Yalova Peninsula. There were 27 villages burned and in Armutlu. According to journalist Arnold J. Toynbee c. 300 Muslims were killed during April–July 1921. In an Ottoman inquiry of 177 survivors in Constantinople, the number of victims reported was very low (35), which is in line with Toynbee's descriptions that villagers fled after one to two murders. Moreover, approximately 1,500 out of 7,000 Muslims remained in the region after the events or 6,000 had left Yalova where 16 villages had been burned. On the other hand, Ottoman and Turkish documents on massacres claim that at least 9,100 Muslim Turks were killed. Title: Mayer, Syria Passage: Mayer () is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the A'zaz District of Aleppo Governorate, located northwest of Aleppo. Nearby localities include Kafr Naya to the northeast and Nubl to the west. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Mayer had a population of 4,772 in the 2004 census. Title: Alps Passage: By 1940 the Third Reich had occupied many of the Alpine countries. Austria underwent a political coup that made it part of the Third Reich; France had been invaded and Italy was a fascist regime. Switzerland was the only country to luckily avoid invasion. The Swiss Confederate mobilized its troops—the country follows the doctrine of "armed neutrality" with all males required to have military training—a number that General Eisenhower estimated to be about 850,000. The Swiss commanders wired the infrastructure leading into the country, and threatening to destroy bridges, railway tunnels and passes in the event of a Nazi invasion, and then they retreated to the heart of the mountain peaks where conditions were harsher and a military invasion would involve difficult and protracted battles.	[ "Muslim conquest of the Levant", "Kleicha", "Mayer, Syria" ]
How close is Wrigley Field to the lake supplying drinking water to the birth city of the performer of Hands Without Shadows 2 – Voices?	less than a mile to the east	[ "Mile" ]	Title: Sloan Park Passage: Sloan Park is an American baseball park in Mesa, Arizona which opened in 2014. The primary operator is the Chicago Cubs and the ballpark serves as their spring training home and is also the home of the Arizona League Cubs of the Arizona League and the Mesa Solar Sox of the Arizona Fall League. Sloan Park was built and paid for by residents of the City of Mesa, approved by ballot measure. It was primarily built to house spring training operations for the Chicago Cubs, who had previously played at nearby Hohokam Stadium. The stadium design was led by Populous. The dimensions of the playing surface closely match those of the Cubs' regular home stadium, Wrigley Field. Title: Water cribs in Chicago Passage: The water cribs in Chicago are structures built to house and protect offshore water intakes used to supply the City of Chicago with drinking water from Lake Michigan. Water is collected and transported through tunnels located close to 200 feet beneath the lake, varying in shape from circular to oval, and ranging in diameter from 10 to 20 feet. The tunnels lead from the cribs to one of two water purification plants located onshore, the Jardine Water Purification Plant (the world's largest) and the Eugene Sawyer Water Purification Plant, where the water is then treated before being pumped to all parts of the city as well as 118 suburbs. Title: Wrigley Field Passage: In April and May the wind often comes off Lake Michigan (less than a mile to the east), which means a northeast wind ``blowing in ''to knock down potential home runs and turn them into outs. In the summer, however, or on any warm and breezy day, the wind often comes from the south and the southwest, which means the wind is`` blowing out'' and has the potential to turn normally harmless fly balls into home runs. A third variety is the cross-wind, which typically runs from the left field corner to the right field corner and causes all sorts of havoc. Depending on the direction of the wind, Wrigley can either be one of the friendliest parks in the major leagues for pitchers or among the worst. This makes Wrigley one of the most unpredictable parks in the Major Leagues. Title: Canal de l'Aqueduc Passage: The Canal de l'Aqueduc is an open-air aqueduct canal on the Island of Montreal in Quebec, Canada, serving part of the drinking water needs of the city of Montreal. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Aiden Burn Passage: After her dismissal from the crime lab, Aiden is apparently working on getting her private investigator's license while continuing to search for evidence that would conclusively tie Pratt to the Regina Bowen case. In the penultimate season 2 episode, ``Heroes '', Aiden, after shadowing Pratt for months, is lured, ambushed, and brutally murdered by him, her body incinerated inside a stolen car. However, knowing that her time is drawing short, she leaves behind critical evidence that she knows will help her former colleagues to close in on Pratt and finally see him arrested. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News. Title: Hands Without Shadows 2 – Voices Passage: Hands Without Shadows 2 – Voices (commonly abbreviated as HWS2) is the sixth studio album by American progressive metal musician Michael Angelo Batio, released on September 8, 2009. Unlike the majority of his previous albums, which were almost exclusively instrumental, "HWS2" features vocal performances on all tracks. The album features a number of guest musicians, in addition to vocalist Warren Dunlevy, Jr. and drummer Joe Babiak, who previously performed on Batio's 2007 compilation album "2 X Again". The album features a bonus track entitled "MAB Forum Shreddathon", which includes guitar solos by members of the official MAB forum, written by Los Angeles-based metal guitarist and longtime forum member Maxxxwell Carlisle. Title: Pub Passage: A "lock-in" is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time, on the theory that once the doors are locked, it becomes a private party rather than a pub. Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time, and redeem their drinks during the lock-in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time. The origin of the British lock-in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales, which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort. Since 1915, the UK licensing laws had changed very little, with comparatively early closing times. The tradition of the lock-in therefore remained. Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003, premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm, allowing round-the-clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock-ins. Since the smoking ban, some establishments operated a lock-in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but, unlike drinking lock-ins, allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence. Title: Lake Texcoco Passage: Tenochtitlan was founded on an islet in the western part of the lake in the year 1325. Around it, the Aztecs created a large artificial island using a system similar to the creation of chinampas. To overcome the problems of drinking water, the Aztecs built a system of dams to separate the salty waters of the lake from the rain water of the effluents. It also permitted them to control the level of the lake. The city also had an inner system of channels that helped to control the water. Title: Water fluoridation in Australia Passage: Fluoride was first added to the drinking water for the Victorian town of Bacchus Marsh in 1962, with Melbourne beginning fluoridation in 1977. The towns of Portland, Nhill, Port Fairy, Barnawartha, and Kaniva have naturally occurring fluoride in their drinking water. In August 2012 approximately 90% of the Victorian population had access to fluoridated water. The fluoridation of Victoria's drinking water supplies is regulated by the Health (Fluoridation) Act 1973, by the Department of Health. Title: Michael Angelo Batio Passage: Michael Angelo Batio (; born February 23, 1956), also known as Mike Batio or MAB, is an American heavy metal guitarist and columnist from Chicago, Illinois. He was the lead guitarist for the Los Angeles-based glam metal band Nitro in the late 1980s and early 1990s.	[ "Water cribs in Chicago", "Wrigley Field", "Michael Angelo Batio", "Hands Without Shadows 2 – Voices" ]
Where were the grandparents of the person with the most UK hits in the 80s from?	Pacentro, Italy	[ "Pacentro" ]	Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer for Chrysler and General Motors. Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her "Little Nonni". She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962). Title: Jean-François Copé Passage: Jean-François Copé was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, the son of Professor Roland Copé, a surgeon of Romanian Jewish origin, and Monique Ghanassia, of Algerian Jewish origin. His paternal grandparents were Marcu Hirs Copelovici, a physician born in Iaşi (Romania), and Gisele Lazerovici. His maternal grandparents were Ismael André Ghanassia, a lawyer in Algiers (son of Moïse Ghanassia and Djouhar Soussi, from Miliana, in Algeria), and Lise Boukhabza (granddaughter of a Tunisian rabbi). Title: List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 1980s Passage: American entertainer Madonna was the most successful act of the decade in terms of number - one singles. She had six number ones: ``Into the Groove ''(1985);`` Papa Do n't Preach'', ``True Blue ''(both 1986);`` La Isla Bonita'', ``Who's That Girl ''(both 1987); and`` Like a Prayer'' (1989). George Michael had significant involvement with seven number - one singles; he was also involved with Band Aid single ``Do They Know It's Christmas? ''but his contribution was less significant. He had two number - one singles as a solo artist, four as a member of pop duo Wham!, and one as a duet with Aretha Franklin. The following artists achieved three or more number - one hits during the 1980s. Title: Vincent Corleone Passage: Vincent Corleone Andy Garcia portraying Vincent Corleone First appearance The Godfather Part III Portrayed by Andy García Information Nickname (s) Vinnie Aliases Vincenzo Corleone Gender Male Occupation Mobster Title Boss Soldato Family Corleone Relatives Fredo Corleone (paternal uncle, deceased) Michael Corleone (paternal uncle, deceased) Connie Corleone (paternal aunt) Vito Corleone (paternal grandfather, deceased) Carmela Corleone (paternal grandmother, deceased) Father Sonny Corleone Mother Lucy Mancini Half - brothers Frank Corleone Santino Corleone, Jr. Half - sisters Francesca Corleone Kathryn Corleone Title: Come as You Are (Nirvana song) Passage: ``Come as You Are ''is a song by American grunge band Nirvana, written by frontman Kurt Cobain and released as the second single from the band's second studio album Nevermind in March 1992. It was the band's second American Top 40 hit, and second UK top 10 hit, reaching number 32 on the Billboard Hot 100, and number nine on the UK Singles Chart. Title: William Emerson Ritter Passage: William Emerson Ritter was born on a farm on November 21, 1856 in Hampden Township, Columbia County, Wisconsin. His parents, Horatio and Leonora Ritter, moved from New York a few years earlier. The Ritter household included William, his brother Frank, his sisters Mary, Ella, and Flora, and his maternal grandparents, Nathan and Ruby Eason. For the first few years of his life his paternal grandparents, Ezra and Mary Ritter, were also living in the area. The family worked hard on the farm, cultivating corn, wheat, potatoes, apples, and other crops. Title: Morten Helveg Petersen Passage: The son of former Danish foreign minister Niels Helveg Petersen and brother of former minister Rasmus Helveg Petersen, Morten Helveg Petersen grew up in Denmark and in Brussels where he attended the European School, Brussels I from 1974 to 1977. His paternal grandparents were former minister Kristen Helveg Petersen and former mayor of Copenhagen Lilly Helveg Petersen. He got a Master of Science degree in economics from the University of Copenhagen in 1992. Title: Geraldine Chaplin Passage: Geraldine Leigh Chaplin was born on July 31, 1944, in Santa Monica, California, the fourth child of actor and filmmaker Charlie Chaplin, and the first child of his fourth wife, Oona O'Neill, whom he married in 1943. Charlie Chaplin was 55 when Geraldine Chaplin was born and Oona was 19 years old. Chaplin was the first of their eight children. Her paternal grandparents were English singers Charles Chaplin Sr. and Hannah Chaplin (born Hannah Harriet Pedlingham Hill), and her maternal grandparents were Nobel- and Pulitzer-Prize-winning American playwright Eugene O'Neill and English-born writer Agnes Boulton. Title: Japanese honorifics Passage: Chan (ちゃん) is a diminutive suffix; it expresses that the speaker finds a person endearing. It is seemingly said to have come from a "cute" pronouncing of -san (in Japanese, replacing s sounds with ch sounds is seen as cute), although there is no evidence otherwise as this suffix has been used since the early days of ancient Japan. In general, -chan is used for babies, young children, close friends, grandparents and sometimes female adolescents. It may also be used towards cute animals, lovers, or a youthful woman. Using -chan with a superior's name is considered to be condescending and rude. Title: Killer on the Rampage Passage: Killer on the Rampage is an album by Eddy Grant. It remains his most successful album, hitting the top 10 in the US and the UK. It features the hits "Electric Avenue" (which was a big hit in the US and UK at #2), "I Don't Wanna Dance" (a UK #1 hit) and "War Party". Title: Virginia de' Medici Passage: Born in Florence on 29 May 1568, Virginia was the illegitimate daughter of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his mistress Camilla Martelli. Her paternal grandparents were the famous condottiere Giovanni dalle Bande Nere and his wife Maria Salviati (in turn the granddaughter of Lorenzo the Magnificent) and her maternal grandparents were Antonio Martelli and Fiammetta Soderini, both members of the most important families among the Florentine patricians. Title: Coat of arms of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Passage: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or Charles I of Spain, was the heir of four of Europe's leading royal houses. Charles was the first sole monarch of Spain, inheriting the kingdoms first united by his maternal grandparents, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon (the Catholic Monarchs). From his father, Philip I of Castile, he inherited the Burgundian Netherlands, which came from his paternal grandmother, Mary of Burgundy. Finally, on the death of his paternal grandfather, Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, he inherited the Habsburg lands in Austria. His coat of arms, representing much of the land he inherited, is blazoned as follows:	[ "Madonna (entertainer)", "List of UK Singles Chart number ones of the 1980s" ]
In what year did the writer of Don't Stop Me Now by Queen die?	1991	[]	Title: Queen (band) Passage: Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh "Freddie" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Queen" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004–09) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury. Title: Ian Fang Passage: Ian Fang (born December 13, 1989) is a Chinese actor based in Singapore and was named as one of the 8 Dukes of Caldecott Hill. He is known for starring in dramas such as "On the Fringe 2011" and "Don't Stop Believin'", as well as movies such as "Imperfect". Fang has an official fan club called Ianization. Fang has also owned a streetwear label called FirstAttempt XIX Title: Don't Stop Me Now Passage: ``Do n't Stop Me Now ''is a song by the British rock band Queen, featured on their 1978 album Jazz that was released as a single in 1979. Written by lead singer Freddie Mercury, it was recorded in August 1978 at Super Bear Studios in Berre - les - Alpes (Alpes - Maritimes), France, and is the twelfth track on the album.	[ "Queen (band)", "Don't Stop Me Now" ]
When was the plague name "black death" first used in the country where The Devil is an Ass was written?	1823	[]	Title: Black Death Passage: Gasquet (1908) claimed that the Latin name atra mors (Black Death) for the 14th-century epidemic first appeared in modern times in 1631 in a book on Danish history by J.I. Pontanus: "Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant. ("Commonly and from its effects, they called it the black death"). The name spread through Scandinavia and then Germany, gradually becoming attached to the mid 14th-century epidemic as a proper name. In England, it was not until 1823 that the medieval epidemic was first called the Black Death. Title: The Speeches at Prince Henry's Barriers Passage: The Speeches at Prince Henry's Barriers, sometimes called The Lady of the Lake, is a masque or entertainment written by Ben Jonson in honour of Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, the son and heir of King James I of England. The speeches were performed on 6 January 1610 in conjunction with the ceremony known as Prince Henry's Barriers. Title: The Devil Is an Ass Passage: The Devil Is an Ass is a Jacobean comedy by Ben Jonson, first performed in 1616 and first published in 1631.	[ "Black Death", "The Speeches at Prince Henry's Barriers", "The Devil Is an Ass" ]
What is the family of the naked-backed fruit bat found in the birthplace of Erin Stewart?	Dobsonia	[]	Title: Erin Stewart Passage: Erin Elizabeth Stewart (born May 4, 1987) is an American politician and the 40th Mayor of New Britain, Connecticut. Stewart is the daughter of former Mayor of New Britain Tim Stewart, who served from 2003 to 2011. She was elected to her first term on November 5, 2013, at the age of 26, to become the youngest mayor in New Britain's history and the city's second female mayor. Stewart was reelected to a second term on November 3, 2015, and a third term on November 7, 2017. As of 2015 she was the youngest serving female mayor in the United States for a city the size of New Britain. Title: Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit & Nut Passage: The bar was launched in 1926 as Cadbury's Fruit & Nut, but was renamed Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit & Nut in 2003. In the early years, along with the other Dairy Milk varieties, it was advertised as being essentially Dairy Milk with added ingredients. By the 1960s, each variety was advertised and branded separately, distancing itself from its Dairy Milk parent, in order to appeal to a younger market. The marketing approach produced a wide variety of wrappers and graphics. The famous Fruit and Nut television advert used the slogan 'Everyone's a fruit and nutcase', sung by humourist Frank Muir to the tune of the Danse des mirlitons from Tchaikovsky's The Nutcracker. However, by the 1980s, Cadbury went full circle and all branding and wrappers were again realigned with the Dairy Milk family; all bars became predominantly purple and so were unmistakably Dairy Milk. In 2003 the move was further reinforced with a rebranding to Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit and Nut. The product wrapper uses the ampersand: Cadbury Dairy Milk Fruit & Nut. Title: Catch the Moon Passage: Catch the Moon is an album by Lisa Loeb and Elizabeth Mitchell released in 2003 by Artemis Records. The album is a collection of children's music played in a folk music style. It comes in the form of a child's cardboard storybook written by Erin Courtney and illustrated by Bonnie Brook Mitchell. The CD slides out the top of the back cover. Title: Erin Mills Town Centre Passage: Erin Mills Town Centre is a shopping mall located in Erin Mills, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, at the corner of Erin Mills Parkway and Eglinton Avenue West. It is the second largest mall in Mississauga, after Square One. The mall can be accessed from the 401, 403, and 407 series highways. Erin Mills Town Centre Bus Terminal is located directly at the back of the mall Title: Melaleuca concreta Passage: Melaleuca concreta is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The species name ("concreta") refers to the way the fruits are tightly packed together. Title: Seri's sheath-tailed bat Passage: Seri's sheath-tailed bat ("Emballonura serii") is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in the Bismarck Archipelago (Papua New Guinea) and Yapen Island (Indonesia). Its natural habitat is caves. Title: Batman Begins Passage: As a child, Bruce Wayne falls down into a dry well and is attacked by a swarm of bats, subsequently developing a phobia of the creatures. While watching an opera with his parents, Thomas and Martha, Bruce becomes frightened by performers masquerading as bats and asks to leave. Outside, mugger Joe Chill murders Bruce's parents in front of him. Orphaned, Bruce is raised by the family butler, Alfred Pennyworth. Title: New Britain naked-backed fruit bat Passage: The New Britain naked-backed fruit bat ("Dobsonia praedatrix") is a species of megabat in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to New Britain island in northern Papua New Guinea. Title: Geodia Passage: Geodia is a genus of sea sponge belonging to the family Geodiidae. It is the type genus of its taxonomic family. Title: Leschenault's rousette Passage: Leschenault's rousette ("Rousettus leschenaultii") is a species of fruit bat. The scientific name of the species was first published by Desmarest in 1820. Title: Laura Ingalls Wilder Passage: In 1894, the Wilder family moved to Mansfield, Missouri, and used their savings to make the down payment on an undeveloped property just outside town. They named the place Rocky Ridge Farm and moved into a ramshackle log cabin. At first, Wilder and her husband earned income only from wagon loads of fire wood they would sell in town for 50 cents. Financial security came slowly. Apple trees they planted did not bear fruit for seven years. Wilder's parents - in - law visited around that time and gave them the deed to the house they had been renting in Mansfield, which was the economic boost Wilder's family needed. They then added to the property outside town, and eventually accrued nearly 200 acres (80.9 hectares). Around 1910, they sold the house in town, moved back to the farm, and completed the farmhouse with the proceeds. What began as about 40 acres (16.2 hectares) of thickly wooded, stone - covered hillside with a windowless log cabin became in 20 years a relatively prosperous poultry, dairy, and fruit farm, and a 10 - room farmhouse. Title: Mehely's horseshoe bat Passage: Mehely's horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus mehelyi) is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in southern Europe and parts of the Middle East.	[ "New Britain naked-backed fruit bat", "Erin Stewart" ]
Which body of water is by the district sharing a border with Schwalm-Eder-Kreis?	Fulda	[]	Title: Kassel Passage: Kassel (; spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Regierungsbezirk Kassel and the district of the same name and had 200,507 inhabitants in December 2015. The former capital of the state of Hesse-Kassel has many palaces and parks, including the Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Kassel is also known for the "documenta" exhibitions of contemporary art. Kassel has a public university with 25,000 students (2018) and a multicultural population (39% of the citizens in 2017 had a migration background). Title: Unna (district) Passage: The Unna () district is a Kreis (district) in central North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Neighboring authorities are the district of Coesfeld, the city of Hamm, the districts of Soest and Märkischer Kreis, the cities of Hagen and Dortmund, and the district of Recklinghausen. Title: Water Passage: Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface. It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's crust water is found in seas and oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in other large water bodies, 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds (formed of ice and liquid water suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of this water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice (excepting ice in clouds) and groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and manufactured products. A greater quantity of water is found in the earth's interior. Title: Marburg-Biedenkopf Passage: Marburg-Biedenkopf is a "Kreis" (district) in the west of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Waldeck-Frankenberg, Schwalm-Eder, Vogelsbergkreis, Gießen, Lahn-Dill, Siegen-Wittgenstein. Title: Franz Xaver Eder Passage: Ordained in 1954 for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Passau, Germany, Eder was named auxiliary bishop of the Passau Diocese in 1977. In 1984, Eder was named coadjutor bishop of the Passau and succeeded as bishop in 1984. In 2001, Eder retired. Title: Odenwaldkreis Passage: The Odenwaldkreis is a "Kreis" (district) in the south of Hesse, Germany. Neighboring districts are Darmstadt-Dieburg, Miltenberg, Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis and Kreis Bergstraße. "Odenwaldkreis" belongs to the Rhine Neckar Area. Title: Stellbergsee Passage: Stellbergsee is a lake in Söhre, Landkreis Kassel and Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of 356 m, its surface area is 0.014 km². Title: Anne Cochran Passage: Anne Cochran is a singer-songwriter from Cleveland, Ohio. She is best known as the lead touring vocalist for pianist and songwriter Jim Brickman, with whom she shared the top 5 Adult Contemporary radio format hit single "After All These Years" in 1998. She has also released a number of solo albums, and the single "Someone Is Missing at Christmas" from her album "This is the Season" peaked at number 11 on the US Adult contemporary chart in 2005. She has shared duets with musicians and artists such as Donny Osmond, Michael Feinstein, Collin Raye, Dave Koz, Richie McDonald, Orlagh Fallon, Tracy Silverman, Jeff Timmons, Kristy Starling, Mario Frangoulis, Wayne Brady, Michael Bolton, Linda Eder and Mark Masri. Title: 30th parallel north Passage: It is the approximate southern border of the horse latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, meaning that much of the land area touching the 30th parallel is arid or semi-arid. If there is a source of wind from a body of water the area would more likely be subtropical. Title: Bairnkine Passage: Bairnkine is a hamlet on the Jed Water in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the A68, south of Jedburgh. Title: Cape Town water crisis Passage: In February 2018, the Groenland Water Users' Association (a representative body for farmers in the Elgin and Grabouw agricultural areas around Cape Town) began releasing an additional 10 billion litres of water into the Steenbras Dam. Title: Kreis Bergen Passage: Kreis Bergen (district of Bergen) was a "Kreis" on the island of Rügen in the district of Bezirk Rostock in East Germany from 1952 to 1955.	[ "Kassel", "Stellbergsee" ]
Who discovered the country Temotufoliki is located in?	Álvaro de Mendaña	[]	Title: 136 Austria Passage: Austria (minor planet designation: 136 Austria) is a main-belt asteroid that was found by the prolific asteroid discoverer Johann Palisa on 18 March 1874, from the Austrian Naval Observatory in Pola, Istria. It was his first asteroid discovery and was given the Latin name of his homeland. Title: Alexander Butlerov Passage: Alexander Mikhaylovich Butlerov (Алекса́ндр Миха́йлович Бу́тлеров; 15 September 1828 – 17 August 1886) was a Russian chemist, one of the principal creators of the theory of chemical structure (1857–1861), the first to incorporate double bonds into structural formulas, the discoverer of hexamine (1859), the discoverer of formaldehyde (1859) and the discoverer of the formose reaction (1861). Title: Tuvalu Passage: In 1568, Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to sail through the archipelago, sighting the island of Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. In 1819 the island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay. The islands came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, when each of the Ellice Islands was declared a British Protectorate by Captain Gibson of HMS Curacoa between 9 and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916 as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and then as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1974. Title: 792 Metcalfia Passage: 792 Metcalfia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun. It was discovered in 1907 by Joel Hastings Metcalf and was named after its discoverer. Title: Audouin Dollfus Passage: Audouin Charles Dollfus (November 12, 1924 – October 1, 2010) was a French astronomer and aeronaut, specialist in studies of the Solar System and discoverer of Janus, a moon of Saturn. Title: Temotufoliki Passage: Te Motu Foliki is an islet of Nanumea atoll, Tuvalu. It is a small uninhabited islet, which Nanumean traditions describe as being formed when sand spilled from the baskets of two women, Pai and Vau, when they were forced off Nanumea by Tefolaha, the Tongan warrior who became the ancestor of the people of Nanumea. Title: Discoverer 37 Passage: The launch of Discoverer 37 occurred at 21:41 UTC on 13 January 1962. A Thor DM-21 Agena-B rocket was used, flying from Launch Complex 75-3-4 at the Vandenberg Air Force Base; however, it failed to achieve orbit. Title: Alfred François Donné Passage: Alfred François Donné (13 September 1801 – 7 March 1878) was a French bacteriologist and doctor. He was born in Noyon, France, and died in Paris. Donné was the discoverer of Trichomonas vaginalis and leukemia. He was also the inventor of the photomicrography. Title: Laplace plane Passage: The Laplace plane or Laplacian plane of a planetary satellite, named after its discoverer Pierre-Simon Laplace (1749–1827), is a mean or reference plane about whose axis the instantaneous orbital plane of a satellite precesses. Title: Albert Ghiorso Passage: Albert Ghiorso (July 15, 1915 -- December 26, 2010) was an American nuclear scientist and co-discoverer of a record 12 chemical elements on the periodic table. His research career spanned five decades, from the early 1940s to the late 1990s. Title: Wiegand effect Passage: The Wiegand effect is a nonlinear magnetic effect, named after its discoverer John R. Wiegand, produced in specially annealed and hardened wire called Wiegand wire. Title: Henry E. Holt Passage: Henry E. Holt (born 1929) is an American astronomer and prolific discoverer of minor planets and comets, who has worked as a planetary geologist at the United States Geological Survey and Northern Arizona University.	[ "Tuvalu", "Temotufoliki" ]
What genre is the record label of the person who performed I'm the Only One?	jaz	[]	Title: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled Passage: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled is a 2005 compilation album by Melissa Etheridge, released by Island Records. It featured 17 tracks from her then-17-year career, five of which were newly recorded. Eight of the other 12 tracks were specially remixed for this compilation. Title: The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album) Passage: The Antidote is the debut album by English jazz guitarist Ronny Jordan, that was released by Island Records in 1992. Title: I'm the Only One Passage: "I'm the Only One" is a Melissa Etheridge song that appears on her 1993 album "Yes I Am". The single itself was released in 1993, and hit number eight on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts in January 1995. This is one of her biggest hits to date.	[ "I'm the Only One", "The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album)", "Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled" ]

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