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On what date was the battle named after the state where Awashonks lived?	August 29, 1778	[]	Title: Accidents Can Happen Passage: Accidents Can Happen is a television series produced by Twofour, which was broadcast on daytime BBC One in three series from 2004 to 2006. Title: Maximilian von Spee Passage: After the outbreak of World War I in July 1914, Spee led his squadron across the Pacific to the coast of South America. Here on 1 November, he defeated the British 4th Cruiser Squadron under Rear Admiral Christopher Cradock in the Battle of Coronel, sinking two of Cradock's cruisers and forcing his other two ships to retreat. A month later, Spee decided to attack the British naval base in the Falkland Islands, but a superior British force surprised him. In the ensuing Battle of the Falkland Islands, Vice Admiral Doveton Sturdee's squadron, which included two powerful battlecruisers, destroyed the East Asia Squadron. Spee and his two sons, who happened to be serving on two of his ships, were all killed, along with about 2,200 other men. Spee was hailed as a hero in Germany, and several ships were named in his honor, including the heavy cruiser , which was built in the 1930s and was defeated in the Battle of the River Plate during World War II. Title: Landscape After the Battle Passage: Landscape After the Battle () is a 1970 Polish drama film directed by Andrzej Wajda and starring Daniel Olbrychski; telling a story of a Nazi German concentration camp survivor soon after liberation, residing in a DP camp somewhere in Germany. It is based on the writings of Holocaust survivor and Polish author Tadeusz Borowski. In most part, the plot revolves around the events depicted in Borowski's short story called "Bitwa pod Grunwaldem" ("The Battle of Grunwald") from his collection "This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen". The film was entered into the 1970 Cannes Film Festival. Title: Battle of Rhode Island Passage: The Battle of Rhode Island (also known as the Battle of Quaker Hill and the Battle of Newport) took place on August 29, 1778. Continental Army and militia forces under the command of General John Sullivan had been besieging the British forces in Newport, Rhode Island, which is situated on Aquidneck Island, but they had finally abandoned their siege and were withdrawing to the northern part of the island. The British forces then sortied, supported by recently arrived Royal Navy ships, and they attacked the retreating Americans. The battle ended inconclusively, but the Continental forces withdrew to the mainland and left Aquidneck Island in British hands. Title: Canada permanent resident card Passage: The permanent resident card (PR card; French: carte de résident permanent) is an identification document for non-citizen permanent residents of Canada. It is the primary method by which Canadian permanent residents can prove their status and is the only document that allows permanent residents to return to Canada by air. Title: Tommy Battle Passage: Battle was born in Birmingham, Alabama in December 3, 1955. When he was 14 years old, he had his first job working for his father's restaurant. Battle went to Berry High School (now Hoover High) and spent his summers doing jobs in order to raise money for college. These jobs would range from working at shipyards in Mobile to working on ovens in Birmingham. While working, Battle would usually reside in boarding houses. Title: Political party Passage: Political color schemes in the United States diverge from international norms. Since 2000, red has become associated with the right-wing Republican Party and blue with the left-wing Democratic Party. However, unlike political color schemes of other countries, the parties did not choose those colors; they were used in news coverage of 2000 election results and ensuing legal battle and caught on in popular usage. Prior to the 2000 election the media typically alternated which color represented which party each presidential election cycle. The color scheme happened to get inordinate attention that year, so the cycle was stopped lest it cause confusion the following election. Title: Awashonks Passage: By 1675, the relationship between the English and the Wampanoag was more tense than ever. Metacomet (Sachem of the Wampanoag tribe, also known as King Philip) was trying to build a military coalition to go to war against the Plymouth settlers. Metacomet sent six men to visit Awashonks and convince her to side with him in the fight against the English. The men told her that if she did not, Metacomet would send his men to kill the colonists' cattle and burn their houses on her side of the river - making it appear as if one of her people had committed the crime. Awashonks sent for Benjamin Church; when he arrived, there were hundreds of people present and Awashonks was leading a ceremonial dance. Awashonks stopped to see Church, who told her that it was not true that Plymouth was preparing for war (as Metacomet's men had told her). Church advised Awashonks to go to the Governor of Plymouth and join with the English. In part because of aid from leaders such as Awashonks, the English defeated Metacomet in King Philip's War. Title: What Ever Happened to Baby Toto? Passage: What Ever Happened to Baby Toto? () is a 1964 Italian black comedy film written and directed by Ottavio Alessi. It is a parody of Robert Aldrich's "What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?". Title: The Battle of Alexander at Issus Passage: Duke William IV of Bavaria commissioned "The Battle of Alexander at Issus" in 1528 as part of a set of historical pieces that was to hang in his Munich residence. Modern commentators suggest that the painting, through its abundant use of anachronism, was intended to liken Alexander's heroic victory at Issus to the contemporary European conflict with the Ottoman Empire. In particular, the defeat of Suleiman the Magnificent at the Siege of Vienna may have been an inspiration for Altdorfer. A religious undercurrent is detectable, especially in the extraordinary sky; this was probably inspired by the prophecies of Daniel and contemporary concern within the Church about an impending apocalypse. "The Battle of Alexander at Issus " and four others that were part of William's initial set are in the Alte Pinakothek art museum in Munich. Title: Awashonks Passage: Awashonks (also spelled Awashunckes, Awashunkes or Awasoncks) was a sachem (chief) of the Sakonnet (also spelled Saconet) tribe in Rhode Island. She lived near the southern edge of the Plymouth Colony, not far from Narragansett Bay, near what is now Little Compton, Rhode Island. In the mid-seventeenth century, her lands were claimed by the English settlers of Plymouth Colony. While she had allied herself to the English to increase her power, their victory eroded her standing among both the English and the Saconet. Awashonks is known for her special talent for negotiation and diplomacy, which helped include the Sakonnets among a tiny handful of natives who received amnesty from colonists. Title: Feud (TV series) Passage: The first season, titled Bette and Joan, centers on the backstage battle between Bette Davis (Susan Sarandon) and Joan Crawford (Jessica Lange) during and after the production of their 1962 film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?	[ "Battle of Rhode Island", "Awashonks" ]
What percentage of non-indegenous people were in the country which had Spectacle: of the performer of Spike in 2006?	22.3	[]	Title: Canada Passage: According to the 2016 census, the country's largest self-reported ethnic origin is Canadian (accounting for 32% of the population), followed by English (18.3%), Scottish (13.9%), French (13.6%), Irish (13.4%), German (9.6%), Chinese (5.1%), Italian (4.6%), First Nations (4.4%), Indian (4.0%), and Ukrainian (3.9%). There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands, encompassing a total of 1,525,565 people. Canada's indigenous population is growing at almost twice the national rate, and four percent of Canada's population claimed an indigenous identity in 2006. Another 22.3 percent of the population belonged to a non-indigenous visible minority. In 2016, the largest visible minority groups were South Asian (5.6%), Chinese (5.1%) and Black (3.5%). Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4 percent. In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority under the Employment Equity Act, and this is the definition that Statistics Canada also uses. Title: First Transcontinental Railroad Passage: Six years after the groundbreaking, laborers of the Central Pacific Railroad from the west and the Union Pacific Railroad from the east met at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory. It was here on May 10, 1869, that Leland Stanford drove The Last Spike (or golden spike) that joined the rails of the transcontinental railroad. The spike is now on display at the Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University, while a second ``Last ''Golden Spike is also on display at the California State Railroad Museum in Sacramento. In perhaps the world's first live mass - media event, the hammers and spike were wired to the telegraph line so that each hammer stroke would be heard as a click at telegraph stations nationwide -- the hammer strokes were missed, so the clicks were sent by the telegraph operator. As soon as the ceremonial`` Last Spike'' had been replaced by an ordinary iron spike, a message was transmitted to both the East Coast and West Coast that simply read, ``DONE. ''Travel from coast to coast was reduced from six months or more to just one week. Title: The Bronx Passage: According to the 2009 American Community Survey, White Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-fifth (22.9%) of the Bronx's population. However, non-Hispanic whites formed under one-eighth (12.1%) of the population, down from 34.4% in 1980. Out of all five boroughs, the Bronx has the lowest number and percentage of white residents. 320,640 whites called the Bronx home, of which 168,570 were non-Hispanic whites. The majority of the non-Hispanic European American population is of Italian and Irish descent. People of Italian descent numbered over 55,000 individuals and made up 3.9% of the population. People of Irish descent numbered over 43,500 individuals and made up 3.1% of the population. German Americans and Polish Americans made up 1.4% and 0.8% of the population respectively. Title: Peres Center for Peace Passage: The Peres Center for Peace, located in Jaffa, Israel, is an independent non-profit, non-governmental, and non-political organization founded in 1996 by Nobel Peace Laureate and former President of Israel Shimon Peres. Its aim is to further Peres' vision of people in the Middle East working together to build peace through socio-economic cooperation and development and people-to-people interaction. Title: She's Gotta Have It (TV series) Passage: She's Gotta Have It Genre Comedy - drama Created by Spike Lee Based on She's Gotta Have It by Spike Lee Starring DeWanda Wise Anthony Ramos Lyriq Bent Cleo Anthony Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 10 Production Executive producer (s) Spike Lee Tonya Lewis Lee Running time 31 -- 38 minutes Production company (s) Tonik Productions 40 Acres and a Mule Filmworks Distributor Netflix Release Original network Netflix Original release November 23, 2017 -- present External links Website Title: Banksia attenuata Passage: Banksia attenuata, commonly known as the candlestick banksia, slender banksia or biara as known by the Noongar aboriginal people, is a species of plant in the family Proteaceae. Commonly a tree, it reaches high, but is often a shrub in drier areas high. It has long narrow serrated leaves and bright yellow inflorescences, or flower spikes, held above the foliage, which appear in spring and summer. The flower spikes age to grey and swell with the development of the woody follicles. It is found across much of the southwest of Western Australia, from north of Kalbarri National Park down to Cape Leeuwin and across to Fitzgerald River National Park. Title: Iran Passage: Due to the 1973 spike in oil prices, the economy of Iran was flooded with foreign currency, which caused inflation. By 1974, the economy of Iran was experiencing double digit inflation, and despite many large projects to modernize the country, corruption was rampant and caused large amounts of waste. By 1975 and 1976, an economic recession led to increased unemployment, especially among millions of youth who had migrated to the cities of Iran looking for construction jobs during the boom years of the early 1970s. By the late 1970s, many of these people opposed the Shah's regime and began to organize and join the protests against it. Title: Economy of Greece Passage: Greece has tended to lag behind its European Union partners in terms of Internet use, with the gap closing rapidly in recent years. The percentage of households with access to the Internet more than doubled between 2006 and 2013, from 23% to 56% respectively (compared with an EU average of 49% and 79%). At the same time, there has been a massive increase in the proportion of households with a broadband connection, from 4% in 2006 to 55% in 2013 (compared with an EU average of 30% and 76%). However, Greece also has the EU's third highest percentage of people who have never used the Internet: 36% in 2013, down from 65% in 2006 (compared with an EU average of 21% and 42%). Title: Spectacle: Elvis Costello with... Passage: Spectacle: Elvis Costello with... is a UK/Canadian television series that was shown on Channel 4 in the UK, CTV in Canada. The show features intimate interviews between the host, Elvis Costello, and various musical guests intertwined with performances by Costello and the guests, separately and together. Title: Spike (Elvis Costello album) Passage: Spike is the 12th studio album by the British rock singer and songwriter Elvis Costello, released on compact disc as Warner Brothers 25848. It was his first album for the label and peaked at No. 5 on the UK Albums Chart. It also reached No. 32 on the "Billboard" 200 thanks to the single and his most notable American hit, "Veronica," which reached No. 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No.1 on the US Modern Rock chart. Title: Spike, Mike, Slackers, & Dykes Passage: Spike, Mike, Slackers, & Dykes: A Guided Tour Across a Decade of American Independent Cinema (1996) is a non-fiction book about independent cinema by John Pierson. Title: Golden spike Passage: The golden spike (also known as The Last Spike) is the ceremonial final spike driven by Leland Stanford to join the rails of the First Transcontinental Railroad across the United States connecting the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads on May 10, 1869, at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory. The term last spike has been used to refer to one driven at the usually ceremonial completion of any new railroad construction projects, particularly those in which construction is undertaken from two disparate origins towards a meeting point. The spike is now displayed in the Cantor Arts Center at Stanford University.	[ "Canada", "Spike (Elvis Costello album)", "Spectacle: Elvis Costello with..." ]
What is the highest point in the state where Ed Graczyk was born?	Campbell Hill	[]	Title: Campbell Hill (Ohio) Passage: Campbell Hill is, at 1,550 feet (470 m), the highest point in elevation in the U.S. state of Ohio. Campbell Hill is located within the city of Bellefontaine, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of downtown. Title: Baraque Michel Passage: The Baraque Michel () is a locality in the municipality Jalhay, in the High Fens, eastern Belgium. Before the annexation of the Eastern Cantons by Belgium in 1919, it was the highest point of Belgium. Now it is the third highest point at , after the nearby Signal de Botrange () and the Weißer Stein (). Title: Ed Graczyk Passage: Edward Graczyk (born 1941/1942)is a playwright originally from Ohio. He wrote several children's plays early in his career, but became better known as the author of 1976's "Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean". In 1982, Graczyk won the Best Screenplay Award at the Belgium International Film Festival for Robert Altman's motion picture adaptation.	[ "Ed Graczyk", "Campbell Hill (Ohio)" ]
What forest is by the southern border where Édouard de Reszke was born?	Kabaty	[]	Title: Forest of Halatte Passage: The Forest of Halatte (Forêt d'Halatte) in Picardy is one of the largest remaining blocks of natural old growth forest in France. Situated in the département of Oise near Senlis and Pont-Sainte-Maxence, it currently embraces 43 square kilometers. Together with the Forest of Chantilly and the Forest of Ermenonville it forms the "Massif des Trois Forêts". On the north it borders the Forest of Compiègne. The Forest of Halatte is still a source of oak and beech timber. Title: Kirkburn, Scottish Borders Passage: Kirkburn is a village on the B7062, close to Peebles and the River Tweed, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, at the edge of the Cardrona Forest. Title: Edward Klabiński Passage: Edward Klabiński, known in France as Édouard Klabinski (7 August 1920 – 4 March 1997) was a professional racing cyclist from Poland. He was the first cyclist from Poland to take part in the Tour de France. He finished in 34th place at the 1947 Tour de France. Title: Central American pine-oak forests Passage: The Central American pine-oak forests ecoregion, in the tropical and subtropical coniferous forests biome, is found in Central America and Chiapas state of southern Mexico. Title: Forest View, Illinois Passage: Forest View is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The population was 698 at the 2010 census. It is primarily an industrial corridor adjacent to the Chicago neighborhood of Garfield Ridge, which is on the village's southern border. Title: Édouard Bertin Passage: François Édouard Bertin (1797–1871) was a French painter born in Paris, and the son of the renowned journalist Louis-François Bertin. Édouard studied under Girodet-Trioson and Bidauld. He represented the details and general character of a landscape with great skill, but was less successful in his colouring. He was inspector of the Beaux Arts, and from 1854, was the director of the "Journal des Débats". Bertin died in Paris in 1871. Title: Canada Passage: Canada (French: (kanadɑ)) is a country located in the northern part of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area. Canada's southern border with the United States is the world's longest bi-national land border. As a whole, Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land area being dominated by forest and tundra. Consequently, its population is highly urbanized, with 82 percent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. Canada's climate varies widely across its vast area, ranging from arctic weather in the north, to hot summers in the southern regions, with four distinct seasons. Title: Édouard de Reszke Passage: Édouard de Reszke, originally Edward, (22 December 185325 May 1917) was a Polish bass from Warsaw. Born with an impressive natural voice and equipped with compelling histrionic skills, he became one of the most illustrious opera singers active in Europe and America during the late-Victorian era. Title: First Mass in the Philippines Passage: The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines. Title: Mount Gosford Passage: Mount Gosford is a mountain located in southern Quebec, Canada, at the border with Maine. It lies entirely in Saint-Augustin-de-Woburn in Estrie and is part of the White Mountains of the Appalachians. It is named after Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford, governor general of British North America from 1835 to 1835. It is the 21st highest peak in Quebec and 4th in Southern Quebec. Title: Wingello State Forest Passage: Wingello State Forest is a planted forest in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located in the Southern Highlands between Sydney and Goulburn. The forest is owned by the New South Wales Government and includes pine plantations, hardwood forest and native forests with stands of peppermint, manna gum and stringybarks. It is popular with mountain bike riders. The first radiata pines were planted in this area in Belanglo State Forest in 1919. Today there are around 3,500 hectares of commercial pine plantations in the southern highlands with timber being processed at a local mill. Title: Warsaw Passage: The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of close-to-wilderness areas (natural forests, wetlands along the Vistula) as well as arable land, meadows and forests. Bielany Forest, located within the borders of Warsaw, is the remaining part of the Masovian Primeval Forest. Bielany Forest nature reserve is connected with Kampinos Forest. It is home to rich fauna and flora. Within the forest there are three cycling and walking trails. Other big forest area is Kabaty Forest by the southern city border. Warsaw has also two botanic gardens: by the Łazienki park (a didactic-research unit of the University of Warsaw) as well as by the Park of Culture and Rest in Powsin (a unit of the Polish Academy of Science).	[ "Warsaw", "Édouard de Reszke" ]
In which county is Karl von Pfeufer's birthplace located?	Bamberg County	[ "Bamberg County, South Carolina" ]	Title: Karl von Pfeufer Passage: Karl Sebastian von Pfeufer (22 December 1806 – 13 September 1869) was a German physician who was a native of Bamberg. Title: Father Radetzky Passage: Father Radetzky (German:Vater Radetzky) is a 1929 Austrian war film directed by Karl Leiter and starring Karl Forest, Otto Hartmann and Theodor Pistek. It is a biopic of the nineteenth century Austrian soldier Joseph Radetzky von Radetz. It was made by Sascha-Film in Vienna and was released on 13 September 1929. The film's sets were designed by the art director Emil Stepanek. Title: Bamberg, South Carolina Passage: Bamberg is a city in and the county seat of Bamberg County, South Carolina, United States. The population was 3,607 at the 2010 census.	[ "Bamberg, South Carolina", "Karl von Pfeufer" ]
In what city did Nicholas I, lord of the birthplace of Albert, King of the country where Mikael Strandberg is a citizen, die?	Wittendörp	[]	Title: Stephen Devereux Passage: Stephen Devereux was born about 1191, the eldest of three sons of Walter Devereux and Cecilia de Longchamp. Cecilia was the daughter of Sir Hugh de Longchamp and sister to William de Longchamp, Lord Chancellor of England. His father, Walter, died in 1197, and as a member of the retinue of William de Braose this probably occurred in France during May 1197 at the assault on the castle at Milly-sur-Thérain. Braose was with Richard I as he campaigned to regain his territories lost while Richard was held captive by Leopold of Austria. Walter Devereux's lands passed into the King's hands and were placed in the custody of the sheriff of Hereford, William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. His sons were placed in the retinue of local lords for training as knights: Stephen Devereux with William Marshal, earl of Pembroke; Nicholas Devereux with Walter de Lacy, Lord of Meath; and John Devereux with William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber. Stephen's mother, Cecilia, launched into a series of legal fights to preserve her dower rights and the Devereux properties. Title: Gordius of Cappadocia Passage: Gordius (in Greek Γoρδιoς), a Cappadocian by birth, was the instrument of Mithridates Eupator (120–63 BC), king of Pontus, in his attempts to annex Cappadocia to Pontus. Gordius was employed by him, in 116 BC, to murder Ariarathes VI, king of Cappadocia. Gordius was afterwards tutor of a son of Mithridates, whom, after the murder of Ariarathes VII he made king of Cappadocia as Ariarathes IX. Gordius was sent as the envoy of Mithridates to Rome, and afterwards employed by him to engage Tigranes, king of Armenia, to attack Cappadocia, and expel Ariobarzanes I, whom the Romans made king of that country in 93 BC. Sulla restored Ariobarzanes in the following year, and drove Gordius out of Cappadocia. Gordius opposed Lucius Licinius Murena in the Battle of Halys, 82 BC. Title: Mikael Lindholm Passage: Mikael Lindholm (born 19 December 1964 in Gävle, Sweden) is a former professional ice hockey player who played for the Los Angeles Kings in the National Hockey League. His son Elias Lindholm is a professional ice hockey player and was selected by the Carolina Hurricanes in the 1st round (5th overall) of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft.. Mikael is the father of the NHL hockey player, Elias Lindholm and the uncle of Calle Järnkrok. Title: Nicholas Bacon (Lord Keeper) Passage: Sir Nicholas Bacon (28 December 1510 – 20 February 1579) was an English politician during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England, notable as Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. He was the father of the philosopher and statesman Sir Francis Bacon. Title: Szlachta Passage: The first "free election" (Polish: "wolna elekcja") of a king took place in 1492. (To be sure, some earlier Polish kings had been elected with help from bodies such as that which put Casimir II on the throne, thereby setting a precedent for free elections.) Only senators voted in the 1492 free election, which was won by John I Albert. For the duration of the Jagiellonian Dynasty, only members of that royal family were considered for election; later, there would be no restrictions on the choice of candidates. Title: Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg Passage: Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg (also known as "Niklot I"; before 1164 – 25 May 1200, near Waschow, now part of Wittendörp), was the ruling Lord of Mecklenburg from 1178 until his death. He was the son of Wertislaw, Lord of Rostock and Prince of the Obotrites. Title: Mikael Strandberg Passage: Mikael Strandberg was born in 1962 in Dala-Järna, Sweden. He started his professional career as an explorer 28 years ago. He is currently working as a lecturer, film maker and a writer. He has produced four documentaries "Patagonia - 3,000 Kilometres by Horse","The Masaai People - 1,000 Kilometres by Foot" , "-58 Degrees – Exploring Siberia on Skies." and "Expedition Yemen - 126 degrees In The Shade." Title: Abeele Aerodrome Military Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery Passage: The cemetery grounds were assigned to the United Kingdom in perpetuity by King Albert I of Belgium in recognition of the sacrifices made by the British Empire in the defence and liberation of Belgium during the war. Title: Albert, King of Sweden Passage: Albert ( , ; c. 1338 – 1 April 1412) was King of Sweden from 1364 to 1389 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1384 to 1412 as Albert III. Title: Pathum Thani Province Passage: The city dates back to a settlement founded by Mon migrating from Mottama (Thai: เมาะตะมะ) in Myanmar around 1650. The original name was "Sam Khok". In 1815 King Rama II visited the city and the citizens offered him many lotus flowers, which prompted the king to rename the city "Pathum Thani", meaning "the lotus flower town". Title: John I Albert Passage: John I Albert () (27 December 1459 – 17 June 1501) was King of Poland (1492–1501) and Duke of Głogów (1491–1498). Title: Archibald Alexander Gordon Passage: Major Archibald Alexander Gordon CBE, MVO, Order of Leopold, Legion of Honour (1867 – 12 August 1949) was a Scottish soldier who served as attaché to the Military Household of King Albert I of Belgium during World War I, with the title of Belgian King's Messenger.	[ "Albert, King of Sweden", "Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg", "Mikael Strandberg" ]
What is the rank of the GDP of the country in Africa whose capital is Abuja?	30th in the world	[]	Title: Abuja Passage: Abuja (/ əˈbuːdʒə /) is the capital city of Nigeria located in the centre of the country within the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). It is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s, replacing the country's most populous city of Lagos as the capital on 12 December 1991. Abuja's geography is defined by Aso Rock, a 400 - metre (1,300 ft) monolith left by water erosion. The Presidential Complex, National Assembly, Supreme Court and much of the city extend to the south of the rock. Zuma Rock, a 792 - metre (2,598 ft) monolith, lies just north of the city on the road to Kaduna State. Title: Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation Passage: Nigeria -- Federal Republic of Nigeria Capital: Abuja A 1986 A 7008178517000000000 ♠ 178,517,000 A 7005923768000000000 ♠ 923,768 A English (hide) Further details Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria was ranked 30th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) in 2012. Nigeria is the United States' largest trading partner in sub-Saharan Africa and supplies a fifth of its oil (11% of oil imports). It has the seventh-largest trade surplus with the US of any country worldwide. Nigeria is the 50th-largest export market for US goods and the 14th-largest exporter of goods to the US. The United States is the country's largest foreign investor. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected economic growth of 9% in 2008 and 8.3% in 2009. The IMF further projects an 8% growth in the Nigerian economy in 2011.	[ "Nigeria", "Abuja" ]
When did the Soviet Union seal off the city where the creator of The Vegetative Sculpture died?	1961	[]	Title: Teodelapio Passage: Teodelapio is the only monumental stabile sculpture in Italy by Alexander Calder, site in Spoleto, designed and donated to the city for the 1962 edition of Festival dei Due Mondi. It was part of the open-air exhibition ""Sculture in Città"" (Sculptures in the city) organized by Giovanni Carandente. Title: Bernhard Heiliger Passage: Bernhard Heiliger (11 November 1915, Stettin - 25 October 1995, Berlin) was a German artist. He was considered "West Germany's foremost sculptor", and his large public artworks are a prominent presence in many German cities, especially Berlin. Title: Victor Korovin Passage: Victor Ivanovich Korovin (; December 31, 1936, Leningrad, USSR — July 6, 1991, Leningrad, USSR) was a Soviet Russian painter, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, who lived and worked in Leningrad. Victor Korovin regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings. Died in an accident. Title: Dnipro Metro Passage: The Dnipro Metro (; ) is a single-line rapid transit system that serves the city of Dnipro, the fourth largest city in Ukraine by population. The metro was the third system constructed in Ukraine, after the Kiev and Kharkiv metro systems, respectively, when it opened on December 29, 1995. The metro was the fourteenth built in the former Soviet Union region, and the first to open after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Title: 2014 Winter Olympics Passage: Both the Olympics and 2014 Winter Paralympics were organized by the Sochi Organizing Committee (SOOC). Sochi was selected as the host city in July 2007, during the 119th IOC Session held in Guatemala City. It was the first Olympics to be held in a CIS state since the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Soviet Union was previously the host nation for the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. These were the first Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach. Title: Floralis Genérica Passage: Floralis Genérica is a sculpture made of steel and aluminum located in Plaza de las Naciones Unidas, Avenida Figueroa Alcorta, Buenos Aires, a gift to the city by the Argentine architect Eduardo Catalano. Catalano once said that the flower "is a synthesis of all the flowers and, at the same time, a hope reborn every day at opening." It was created in 2002. The sculpture was designed to move, closing its petals in the evening and opening them in the morning. Title: Joie de Vivre Passage: Joie de Vivre (English: Joy of Life) is an outdoor sculpture by Mark di Suvero, located at Zuccotti Park in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The 70-foot sculpture, composed of "open-ended tetrahedrons", was installed by the intersection of Broadway and Cedar Street in June 2006 and was previously located at the Holland Tunnel rotary (also named St. John's Park). Title: West Berlin Passage: West Berlin was 100 miles (161 kilometres) east and north of the Inner German border and only accessible by land from West Germany by narrow rail and highway corridors. It consisted of the American, British, and French occupation sectors established in 1945. It was, however, a de facto part of West Germany. It had a special and unique legal status because its administration was formally conducted by the Western Allies. At the same time, East Berlin, de jure occupied and administered by the Soviet Union, was the de facto capital of East Germany. The Berlin Wall, built in 1961, physically separated West Berlin from its East Berlin and East German surroundings until it fell in 1989. Title: Vegetative Sculpture I Passage: Vegetative Sculpture I is a public art work by artist Bernhard Heiliger located at the Lynden Sculpture Garden near Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The sculpture has an abstract form; it is installed on the patio. Title: Third Battle of Kharkov Passage: The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by the German Army Group South against the Red Army, around the city of Kharkov (or "Kharkiv") between 19 February and 15 March 1943. Known to the German side as the Donets Campaign, and in the Soviet Union as the Donbas and Kharkov operations, the German counterstrike led to the recapture of the cities of Kharkov and Belgorod. Title: Syktyvkar Southwest Airport Passage: Syktyvkar Southwest is an unfinished and abandoned airport in Komi, Russia located 19 km southwest of Syktyvkar. It was intended to be a civilian airport and was partially constructed in the 1980s, but with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the resulting drop in air passenger traffic, the plans to complete it were dropped. Today, the existing Syktyvkar Airport within city limits continues to serve as the city's air transport gateway. Title: Man with a Movie Camera Passage: Vertov's feature film, produced by the film studio VUFKU, presents urban life in the Soviet cities of Kiev, Kharkov, Moscow and Odessa. It has no actors. From dawn to dusk Soviet citizens are shown at work and at play, and interacting with the machinery of modern life. To the extent that it can be said to have "characters", they are the cameramen of the title, the film editor, and the modern Soviet Union they discover and present in the film.	[ "West Berlin", "Vegetative Sculpture I", "Bernhard Heiliger" ]
When did England colonize the country Hogsty Reef is located in?	1666	[]	Title: Protea banks Passage: The Protea banks is a reef about 7 km off the shore of South Africa near Margate. the reef lies at a depth of between 27 and 40 meters, being 6km long and 800m wide. Protea Banks is one of the richest tuna grounds in the world, which is one of the main reason why there are so many Zambezi Sharks patrolling the reef. The high tuna population has also enabled generations of fishermen to make a living at Protea. Other fish species that can be observed in the reef include Scalloped Hammerheads, Great Hammerheads and Barracudas. Since its proclamation in 2019, locals are expecting for the Protea banks to bring new economic opportunities, with the expected boom in tourism to the area. Title: Tuvalu Passage: Funafuti is the largest atoll of the nine low reef islands and atolls that form the Tuvalu volcanic island chain. It comprises numerous islets around a central lagoon that is approximately 25.1 kilometres (15.6 miles) (N–S) by 18.4 kilometres (11.4 miles) (W-E), centred on 179°7'E and 8°30'S. On the atolls, an annular reef rim surrounds the lagoon with several natural reef channels. Surveys were carried out in May 2010 of the reef habitats of Nanumea, Nukulaelae and Funafuti and a total of 317 fish species were recorded during this Tuvalu Marine Life study. The surveys identified 66 species that had not previously been recorded in Tuvalu, which brings the total number of identified species to 607. Title: Great Barrier Reef Passage: The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over 2,300 kilometres (1,400 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (133,000 sq mi). The reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland, Australia. Title: Coral reef Passage: In 1842 in his first monograph, The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs, Charles Darwin set out his theory of the formation of atoll reefs, an idea he conceived during the voyage of the Beagle. He theorized uplift and subsidence of the Earth's crust under the oceans formed the atolls. Darwin's theory sets out a sequence of three stages in atoll formation. It starts with a fringing reef forming around an extinct volcanic island as the island and ocean floor subsides. As the subsidence continues, the fringing reef becomes a barrier reef, and ultimately an atoll reef. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century. Title: Cymbiolacca pulchra wisemani Passage: This species occurs in shallow water on top of the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia from at least as far north as Saint Crispins Reef Reef east of Cape Tribulation to at least as far south as Stanley Reef north east of Bowen. Title: Noli Me Tángere (novel) Passage: Noli Me Tángere (Latin for Touch Me Not) is a novel written by José Rizal, one of the national heroes of the Philippines, during the colonization of the country by Spain to expose the inequities of the Spanish Catholic priests and the ruling government. Title: Hogsty Reef Passage: Hogsty Reef is a uninhabited coral atoll located in the southern Bahamas. It is located between Great Inagua (to the South) and Acklins Island (to the North). Title: Belize Barrier Reef Passage: The Belize Barrier Reef is a series of coral reefs straddling the coast of Belize, roughly 300 meters (980 ft) offshore in the north and 40 kilometers (25 mi) in the south within the country limits. The Belize Barrier Reef is a 300 - kilometer (190 mi) long section of the 900 - kilometer (560 mi) Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System, which is continuous from Cancún on the north - eastern tip of the Yucatán Peninsula through the Riviera Maya and up to Honduras, making it the third largest coral reef system in the world after the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the New Caledonian barrier reef in New Caledonia. It is Belize's top tourist destination, popular for scuba diving and snorkeling and attracting almost half of its 260,000 visitors. It is also vital to the country's fishing industry. Title: British Empire Passage: The Caribbean initially provided England's most important and lucrative colonies, but not before several attempts at colonisation failed. An attempt to establish a colony in Guiana in 1604 lasted only two years, and failed in its main objective to find gold deposits. Colonies in St Lucia (1605) and Grenada (1609) also rapidly folded, but settlements were successfully established in St. Kitts (1624), Barbados (1627) and Nevis (1628). The colonies soon adopted the system of sugar plantations successfully used by the Portuguese in Brazil, which depended on slave labour, and—at first—Dutch ships, to sell the slaves and buy the sugar. To ensure that the increasingly healthy profits of this trade remained in English hands, Parliament decreed in 1651 that only English ships would be able to ply their trade in English colonies. This led to hostilities with the United Dutch Provinces—a series of Anglo-Dutch Wars—which would eventually strengthen England's position in the Americas at the expense of the Dutch. In 1655, England annexed the island of Jamaica from the Spanish, and in 1666 succeeded in colonising the Bahamas. Title: Land of the Tiger Passage: Land of the Tiger is a BBC nature documentary series exploring the natural history of the Indian subcontinent, first transmitted in the UK on BBC Two in 1997. The production team covered the breadth and depth of India, from the Himalayan mountains in the north to the reef-fringed islands of the Indian Ocean, to capture footage of the country's wild places and charismatic wildlife. Title: Decolonisation of Africa Passage: On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.	[ "British Empire", "Hogsty Reef" ]
What are the notes issued by the current central bank of the country that conducted the Castle Bravo test?	obligations of the United States	[ "the US", "USA", "U.S.", "the United States", "United States", "US" ]	Title: Nuclear weapon design Passage: The picture below shows the Shrimp device, detonated on March 1, 1954 at Bikini, as the Castle Bravo test. Its 15-megaton explosion was the largest ever by the United States. The silhouette of a man is shown for scale. The device is supported from below, at the ends. The pipes going into the shot cab ceiling, which appear to be supports, are actually diagnostic light pipes. The eight pipes at the right end (1) sent information about the detonation of the primary. Two in the middle (2) marked the time when x-radiation from the primary reached the radiation channel around the secondary. The last two pipes (3) noted the time radiation reached the far end of the radiation channel, the difference between (2) and (3) being the radiation transit time for the channel. Title: Federal Reserve Passage: The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics (particularly the panic of 1907) led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises. Over the years, events such as the Great Depression in the 1930s and the Great Recession during the 2000s have led to the expansion of the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System. Title: United States dollar Passage: The U.S. Constitution provides that Congress shall have the power to "borrow money on the credit of the United States". Congress has exercised that power by authorizing Federal Reserve Banks to issue Federal Reserve Notes. Those notes are "obligations of the United States" and "shall be redeemed in lawful money on demand at the Treasury Department of the United States, in the city of Washington, District of Columbia, or at any Federal Reserve bank". Federal Reserve Notes are designated by law as "legal tender" for the payment of debts. Congress has also authorized the issuance of more than 10 other types of banknotes, including the United States Note and the Federal Reserve Bank Note. The Federal Reserve Note is the only type that remains in circulation since the 1970s.	[ "Federal Reserve", "United States dollar", "Nuclear weapon design" ]
What percentage of non-indegenous people were in the country Brutal Youth's performer produced a television series in called Spectacle in 2006?	22.3	[]	Title: Spectacle: Elvis Costello with... Passage: Spectacle: Elvis Costello with... is a UK/Canadian television series that was shown on Channel 4 in the UK, CTV in Canada. The show features intimate interviews between the host, Elvis Costello, and various musical guests intertwined with performances by Costello and the guests, separately and together. Title: United States incarceration rate Passage: In 2016, the Prison Policy Initiative estimated that in the United States that about 2,298,300 people were incarcerated out of a population of 323.1 million. This means that 0.71% of the population was behind bars. Of those who were incarcerated, about 1,351,000 people were in state prison, 646,000 in local jails, 211,000 in federal prisons, 34,000 in youth correctional facilities, 33,000 in immigration detention camps, 14,000 in territorial prisons, 5,500 in civil commitment, 2,400 in Indian country jails, and 1,400 in United States military prisons. Title: Eyes of Youth Passage: Eyes of Youth is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by Albert Parker and starring Clara Kimball Young. The film was based on a stage play "Eyes of Youth" performed on Broadway in 1917-18 and starred Marjorie Rambeau. This film also features Rudolph Valentino in a role as a thief/con artist. Title: Canada Passage: According to the 2016 census, the country's largest self-reported ethnic origin is Canadian (accounting for 32% of the population), followed by English (18.3%), Scottish (13.9%), French (13.6%), Irish (13.4%), German (9.6%), Chinese (5.1%), Italian (4.6%), First Nations (4.4%), Indian (4.0%), and Ukrainian (3.9%). There are 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands, encompassing a total of 1,525,565 people. Canada's indigenous population is growing at almost twice the national rate, and four percent of Canada's population claimed an indigenous identity in 2006. Another 22.3 percent of the population belonged to a non-indigenous visible minority. In 2016, the largest visible minority groups were South Asian (5.6%), Chinese (5.1%) and Black (3.5%). Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4 percent. In 1961, less than two percent of Canada's population (about 300,000 people) were members of visible minority groups. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority under the Employment Equity Act, and this is the definition that Statistics Canada also uses. Title: Giorgia Meloni Passage: Giorgia Meloni (born 15 January 1977) is an Italian politician and journalist, leader of Brothers of Italy, a national conservative party in Italy. Meloni served also as Minister of Youth in Silvio Berlusconi's fourth government and president of Young Italy, the youth section of The People of Freedom. Title: Street Cents Passage: Street Cents is a teen-themed newsmagazine TV series that originally aired on CBC Television between 1989 and 2006. It was one of a few shows focused on consumer and media awareness for young people. The series was created by producer John Nowlan. He cites Britain's "Pocket Money" as one of the inspirations for "Street Cents". The show has won several Gemini Awards and even an International Emmy for Best Youth Programming or Series. The series was lauded by critics for its efforts to be inclusive and representative of Canada's youth. Title: Roots & Shoots Passage: Roots & Shoots was founded by Jane Goodall, DBE in 1991, with the goal of bringing together youth from preschool to university age to work on environmental, conservation and humanitarian issues. The organization has local chapters in over 140 countries with over 8000 local groups worldwide that involve nearly 150,000 youth. Many of the chapters operate through schools and other organizations. Participants are encouraged to identify and work on problems in their own communities affecting people, animals, or the environment. Charity Navigator, has awarded Roots & Shoots and its parent non-profit organization, the Jane Goodall Institute, its highest four star rating for accountability and transparency with 78.1% of its expenses going directly to programs. Title: Lao People's Revolutionary Youth Union Passage: The Lao People's Revolutionary Youth Union (LPRYU) (Lao:ສູນກາງຊາວໜຸ່ມປະຊາຊົນປະຕິວັດລາວ) is a mass organisation in Laos, dedicated to mobilising young people throughout the country with a view to contributing to national development. It is the youth wing of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (Laotian: Phak Pasason Pativat Lao), the Communist Party of Laos. Title: Brutal Youth Passage: Brutal Youth is an album by Elvis Costello released in 1994. This album contains the first recordings Costello made with his band the Attractions since "Blood and Chocolate" (1986). About half the album features a band consisting of Costello (guitar), Steve Nieve (keyboards) and Pete Thomas (drums) with Nick Lowe (not a member of the Attractions) on bass. Costello himself plays bass on two tracks (2 and 8), and the complete Attractions line-up (Nieve, Pete Thomas and Bruce Thomas on bass) appears with Costello on tracks 3, 4, 6, 9 and 10. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: UNFPA is the world's largest multilateral source of funding for population and reproductive health programs. The Fund works with governments and non-governmental organizations in over 150 countries with the support of the international community, supporting programs that help women, men and young people: Title: MusiConnects Passage: MusiConnects is a non-profit arts education organization, founded by the Boston Public Quartet and based in Boston, Massachusetts. Their mission is to model and teach self-expression, peer leadership and community development through the transformative power of chamber music. MusiConnects is actively working in partnership with Boston public schools to provide free music education to students – in the hopes of also creating a thriving community to unite youth, families, and musicians. The Boston Public quartet is a professional, performing string quartet that regularly gives concerts across the Boston area, in traditional and neighborhood venues alike. Title: The Making of a Counter Culture Passage: The Making of a Counter Culture: Reflections on the Technocratic Society and Its Youthful Opposition is a work of non-fiction by Theodore Roszak originally published in 1969.	[ "Canada", "Brutal Youth", "Spectacle: Elvis Costello with..." ]
What cigars are named for the capitol of the country that supported the nation where the crop is grown widely in its war against Somalia?	Havana cigars	[ "Havana" ]	Title: Tuvalu Passage: In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creation of the Facility being to improve the delivery of aid to Pacific island countries in support of the Aid-for-Trade (AfT) requirements. The Pacific ACP States are the countries in the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement with the European Union. Title: Ogaden War Passage: The Ogaden War was a Somali military offensive between July 1977 and March 1978 over the disputed Ethiopian region of Ogaden, which began with the Somali invasion of Ethiopia. The Soviet Union disapproved of the invasion and ceased its support of Somalia, instead starting to support Ethiopia; the United States, conversely, ceased its support of Ethiopia and started supporting Somalia. Ethiopia was saved from a major defeat and a permanent loss of territory through a massive airlift of military supplies (worth $7 billion), the arrival of 16,000 Cuban troops, 1,500 Soviet advisors and two brigades from South Yemen, also airlifted to reinforce Harar. The Ethiopians prevailed at Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga, and began to push the Somalis systematically out of the Ogaden. By March 1978, the Ethiopians had captured almost all of the Ogaden, prompting the defeated Somalis to give up their claim to the region. A third of the initial Somali National Army invasion force was killed, and half of the Somali Airforce destroyed; the war left Somalia with a disorganized and demoralized army and an angry population. All of these conditions led to a revolt in the army which eventually spiraled into a civil war and Somalia's current situation. Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: Poyushchiye Gitary Passage: Pojuschie Gitary ( , "The Singing Guitars") were the Soviet Union's first rock band to reach a phenomenal rate of success and popularity in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and in other countries. For that reason, they are often nicknamed "the Soviet Beatles" in a manner not that different from Hungary's Illés and Poland's Czerwone Gitary, whose name means "Red Guitars". Title: Somalis Passage: Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers. Pan-Somalism is an ideology that advocates the unification of all ethnic Somalis once part of Somali empires such as the Ajuran Empire, the Adal Sultanate, the Gobroon Dynasty and the Dervish State under one flag and one nation. The Siad Barre regime actively promoted Pan-Somalism, which eventually led to the Ogaden War between Somalia on one side, and Ethiopia, Cuba and the Soviet Union on the other. Title: Black people Passage: As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc. Title: Ricinus Passage: Global castor seed production is around two million tons per year. Leading producing areas are India (with over three-quarters of the global yield), China and Mozambique, and it is widely grown as a crop in Ethiopia. There are several active breeding programmes. Title: Cigar Passage: In Seven Years' War it is believed Israel Putnam brought back a cache of Havana cigars, making cigar smoking popular in the US after the American Revolution. He also brought Cuban tobacco seeds which he planted in the Hartford area of New England. This reportedly resulted in the development of the renowned Connecticut Wrapper. Title: New Mexico Passage: Inhabited by Native Americans for thousands of years before European exploration, it was colonized by the Spanish in 1598 as part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain. In 1563, it was named Nuevo México after the Aztec Valley of Mexico by Spanish settlers, 223 years before the establishment and naming of the present - day country of Mexico; thus, the present - day state of New Mexico was not named after the country today known as Mexico. Its geographic characteristics made settlement and effective political control difficult which prompted Mexico's invasion and control of the area from 1824 to 1846. New Mexico's Spanish origins made cultural integration with Mexico unsuitable, which sparked the Revolt of 1837 and a growing economic association with the expanding United States. The 1848 Mexican -- American War indirectly capitalized on this tension and created the U.S. New Mexico Territory. It was admitted to the Union as the 47th state on January 6, 1912. Title: Division of Korea Passage: At the Tehran Conference and the Yalta Conference, the Soviet Union promised to join its allies in the Pacific War in two to three months after victory in Europe. On August 8, 1945, three months to the day after the end of hostilities in Europe, and two days after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. Soviet troops advanced rapidly, and the US government became anxious that they would occupy the whole of Korea. On August 10, 1945 two young officers -- Dean Rusk and Charles Bonesteel -- were assigned to define an American occupation zone. Working on extremely short notice and completely unprepared, they used a National Geographic map to decide on the 38th parallel. They chose it because it divided the country approximately in half but would place the capital Seoul under American control. No experts on Korea were consulted. The two men were unaware that forty years before, Japan and pre-revolutionary Russia had discussed sharing Korea along the same parallel. Rusk later said that had he known, he ``almost surely ''would have chosen a different line. The division placed sixteen million Koreans in the American zone and nine million in the Soviet zone. To the surprise of the Americans, the Soviet Union immediately accepted the division. The agreement was incorporated into General Order No. 1 (approved on 17 August 1945) for the surrender of Japan. Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Passage: On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.	[ "Somalis", "Cigar", "Ricinus" ]
In which year did the performer of Lost Control form?	1995	[]	Title: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again Passage: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again premiered at the Hammersmith Apollo in London on July 16, 2018 and was released in the United Kingdom and the United States on July 20, 2018, ten years to the week of its predecessor's release, in both standard and IMAX formats. The film has grossed over $350 million worldwide and received generally positive reviews, with critics praising the performances and musical numbers. Title: Tiger Stadium (Detroit) Passage: Over the years, expansion continued to accommodate more people. In 1935, following Navin's death, new owner Walter Briggs oversaw the expansion of Navin Field to a capacity of 36,000 by extending the upper deck to the foul poles and across right field. By 1938, the city had agreed to move Cherry Street, allowing left field to be double - decked and the now - renamed Briggs Stadium had a capacity of 53,000. In 1961, new owner John Fetzer took control of the stadium and gave it its final name: Tiger Stadium. Under this name, the stadium witnessed World Series titles in 1968 and 1984. Title: Grinspoon Passage: Grinspoon is an Australian rock band from Lismore, New South Wales formed in 1995 and fronted by Phil Jamieson on vocals and guitar with Pat Davern on guitar, Joe Hansen on bass guitar and Kristian Hopes on drums. Also in 1995, they won the Triple J-sponsored Unearthed competition for Lismore, with their post-grunge song "Sickfest". Their name was taken from Dr. Lester Grinspoon an Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, who supports marijuana for medical use. Title: Russell Harlan Passage: Born in Los Angeles, California, Russell Harlan witnessed the city's development from the construction of its first film studio to being the center for motion picture production in the United States. Harlan embarked on a career in film as an actor and stuntman but by the early 1930s was pursuing his interest behind the camera as an assistant. He performed as the cinematographer for the first time in 1937 on a "Hopalong Cassidy" western film that led to a career spanning more than thirty years. He received six nominations for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography, including two in 1962 alone when he worked on "Hatari!" and "To Kill a Mockingbird". Title: Little Big Shots (Australian TV series) Passage: Little Big Shots is an Australian reality television show which premiered on the Seven Network on 27 August 2017. The program, based on the American format of the same name, is hosted by Shane Jacobson and features performances by children aged 3 to 13 years old. Title: 1982 French cantonal elections Passage: "Cantonale" elections to renew canton general councillors were held in France on 14 and 21 March 1982. The left, in power since 1981, lost 8 and 98 seats to the right, which controlled 59 presidencies out of 95. The Socialists only lost 10 seats, but the Communists lost 45. Title: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again Passage: Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again premiered at the Hammersmith Apollo in London on July 16, 2018 and was released in the United Kingdom and the United States on July 20, 2018, ten years to the week of its predecessor's release, in both standard and IMAX formats. The film has grossed over $345 million worldwide and received generally positive reviews, with critics praising the performances and musical numbers. Title: Control key Passage: In computing, a Control key is a modifier key which, when pressed in conjunction with another key, performs a special operation (for example, ); similar to the Shift key, the Control key rarely performs any function when pressed by itself. The Control key is located on or near the bottom left side of most keyboards (in accordance with the international standard ISO/IEC 9995-2), with many featuring an additional one at the bottom right. Title: Jehovah's Witnesses Passage: Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept. Jehovah's Witnesses have established Hospital Liaison Committees as a cooperative arrangement between individual Jehovah's Witnesses and medical professionals and hospitals. Title: Loetoeng Kasaroeng Passage: Loetoeng Kasaroeng is a 1926 fantasy film from the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia) which was directed and produced by L. Heuveldorp. An adaptation of the Sundanese folktale "Lutung Kasarung" ("The Lost Lutung"), the film tells of a young girl who falls in love with a magical lutung and stars the children of noblemen. Details on its performance are unavailable, although it is known to have been of poor technical quality and thought to have performed poorly. It was the first film produced in the country and the first to feature a native-Indonesian cast. It is likely a lost film. Title: Lost Control Passage: "Lost Control" is a song by Grinspoon. It was released on 12 May 2002, as the second single from their third studio album, "New Detention", and peaked at No. 29 on the ARIA Singles Chart. It also reached No. 14 on Triple J's Hottest 100 in 2002. The video shows a woman driving to a Grinspoon concert at Bondi beach, where the fans cause chaos. It is the official theme song for AFL Live 2004. Title: Napoleon Passage: Tensions over rising Polish nationalism and the economic effects of the Continental System led to renewed confrontation with Russia. To enforce his blockade, Napoleon launched an invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The resulting campaign witnessed the catastrophic collapse of the Grand Army, forcing the French to retreat, as well as leading to the widespread destruction of Russian lands and cities. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in a Sixth Coalition against France. A chaotic military campaign in Central Europe eventually culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October. The next year, the Allies invaded France and captured Paris, forcing Napoleon to abdicate in April 1814. He was exiled to the island of Elba. The Bourbons were restored to power and the French lost most of the territories that they had conquered since the Revolution. However, Napoleon escaped from Elba in February 1815 and took control of the government once again. The Allies responded by forming a Seventh Coalition, which ultimately defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in June. The Royal Navy then thwarted his planned escape to the United States in July, so he surrendered to the British after running out of other options. The British exiled him to the remote island of Saint Helena in the South Atlantic. His death in 1821 at the age of 51 was received with shock and grief throughout Europe. In 1840, a million people witnessed his remains returning to Paris, where they still reside at Les Invalides.	[ "Grinspoon", "Lost Control" ]
Who is the minister of local government in the country where Chivi District can be found?	Hon July Moyo	[]	Title: Welden Passage: Welden is a community in the Augsburg district of Bavaria, Germany, and is the seat of the commune of Welden. Since the local government reform in 1978 it comprises Welden, Reutern and Ehgatten. Title: Chivi District Passage: Chivi a district in Masvingo Province in Zimbabwe.(a.k.a. KwaChivi) It is a semi-arid area which falls in agricultural regions 4 and 5. It is also the name of a mission station established in 1892 by Wedpohl, Neitz and Dietrich from Berlin, Germany. The district was known as Chibi in colonial times before 1980. Title: Ministry of Local Government and Urban Development (Zimbabwe) Passage: The Ministry of Local Government, Rural and Urban Development is a government ministry, responsible for local government in Zimbabwe. The incumbent minister is Hon July Moyo and the deputy minister is Sesel Zvidzai. It oversees:	[ "Ministry of Local Government and Urban Development (Zimbabwe)", "Chivi District" ]
Where did the leader of the Non-Cooperation movement in South India spend his final 144 days?	Gandhi Smriti	[]	Title: Non-cooperation movement Passage: The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule. It was led by Mahatma Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. It aimed to resist British rule in India through non-violent means, or ``Ahimsa ''. Protesters would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts and picket liquor shops. The ideas of Ahimsa and nonviolence, and Gandhi's ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence, were first seen on a large scale in this movement through the summer of 1920. Gandhi feared that the movement might lead to popular violence. The non-cooperation movement was launched on 1 August 1920. Title: New Delhi Passage: Gandhi Smriti in New Delhi is the location where Mahatma Gandhi spent the last 144 days of his life and was assassinated on 30 January 1948. Rajghat is the place where Mahatma Gandhi was cremated on 31 January 1948 after his assassination and his ashes were buried and make it a final resting place beside the sanctity of the Yamuna River. The Raj Ghat in the shape of large square platform with black marble was designed by architect Vanu Bhuta. Title: South Yemen insurgency Passage: The South Yemen insurgency is a term used by the Yemeni government to describe the protests and attacks on government forces in southern Yemen, ongoing since 27 April 2009, on South Yemen's independence day. Although the violence has been blamed on elements within the southern secessionist movement, leaders of the group maintain that their aims of independence are to be achieved through peaceful means, and claim that attacks are from ordinary citizens in response to the government's provocative actions. The insurgency comes amid the Shia insurgency in the country's north as led by the Houthi communities. Southern leaders led a brief, unsuccessful secession in 1994 following unification. Many of them are involved in the present secession movement. Southern separatist insurgents are active mainly in the area of former South Yemen, but also in Ad Dali' Governorate, which was not a part of the independent southern state. They are supported by the United Arab Emirates, even though the UAE is a member of the Saudi Arabian-led coalition working to support the Yemeni government under President Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi.	[ "Non-cooperation movement", "New Delhi" ]
What college did the quarterback for Doug Terry's team attend?	Texas Tech	[ "Texas" ]	Title: Canadian football Passage: On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a "direct snap" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following: Title: Mattress (Glee) Passage: ``Mattress '', also known as`` Once Upon a Mattress'', is the twelfth episode of the American television series Glee. The episode premiered on the Fox network on December 2, 2009. It was written by series creator Ryan Murphy and directed by Elodie Keene. In ``Mattress '', the glee club discovers that they are going to be omitted from the school yearbook. Club member Rachel Berry (Lea Michele) has the team cast in a local mattress commercial in an attempt to raise their social status. Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) discovers that his wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig) has been faking her pregnancy. Title: The Lively Set Passage: The Lively Set is a 1964 American In Color action drama sport film directed by Jack Arnold and starring James Darren, Pamela Tiffin, Doug McClure and Joanie Sommers. Title: Doug Terry Passage: Douglas Maurice "Doug" Terry (born February 10, 1968) is a former professional American football player who played defensive back for four seasons for the Kansas City Chiefs. Title: 2 Live Stews Passage: The 2 Live Stews was an American syndicated sports talk radio show originating from WQXI, AM 790 the Zone, in Atlanta, Georgia hosted by brothers Doug and Ryan Stewart. Title: Harry Buck Passage: Harry Crowe Buck (November 25, 1884 -- July 24, 1943) was an American college sports coach and physical education instructor. He founded the YMCA College of Physical Education at Madras in 1920, which played a key role in promoting sports and in establishing the Olympic movement in India. He has been called ``The Father of Physical Education in India ''. He was also one of the founding members of the Olympic movement in India and the Indian Olympic Association, and was manager of the Indian team at the 1924 Olympics. Title: Matt McGloin Passage: Matthew James "Matt" McGloin (born December 2, 1989) is an American football quarterback who is currently a free agent. He was the starting quarterback for the Penn State Nittany Lions football team from 2010 to 2012. He is the first walk-on quarterback to start at Penn State since scholarships were reinstated in 1949. Prior to his college career, McGloin was a Pennsylvania all-state quarterback while attending West Scranton High School. Title: Thresher Stadium Passage: Thresher Stadium is a sport stadium in North Newton, Kansas, United States. The facility is primarily used by the Bethel College for college football and men's and women's soccer teams. The stadium is also used for local high school and other community events. Title: Cool Runnings Passage: Cool Runnings is a 1993 American comedy sports film directed by Jon Turteltaub and starring Leon, Doug E. Doug, Rawle D. Lewis, Malik Yoba, and John Candy. The film was released in the United States on October 1, 1993. It was Candy's last film to be released during his lifetime. It is loosely based on the true story of the Jamaica national bobsleigh team's debut in competition during the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The film received positive reviews, and the film's soundtrack also became popular with Jimmy Cliff's cover of ``I Can See Clearly Now ''reaching the top 40 as a single in nations such as Canada, France, and the UK. Title: Patrick Mahomes Passage: Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes. Title: Seneca Wallace Passage: Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers. Title: SB Nation Passage: SB Nation (Sports Blog Nation) is a sports news website owned and operated by Vox Media (formerly SportsBlogs, Inc.). Established in 2005, the site comprises 320 blogs covering individual professional and college sports teams, and other sports - oriented topics. The site operates from Vox's offices just off Bryant Park in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, as well as Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C.	[ "Patrick Mahomes", "Doug Terry" ]
How many seasons was the performer of Rainbow a judge on American Idol?	one	[]	Title: Rainbow (Mariah Carey album) Passage: Rainbow is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. It was released on November 2, 1999, by Columbia Records. The album followed the same pattern as Carey's previous two albums, "Daydream" (1995) and "Butterfly" (1997), in which she began her transition into the urban market. "Rainbow" contains a mix of hip hop-influenced R&B jams, as well as a variety of slow ballads. On the album, Carey worked with David Foster and Diane Warren, who, as well as Jimmy Jam & Terry Lewis, replaced Walter Afanasieff, the main balladeer Carey worked with throughout the 90s. As a result of her separation from her husband, Tommy Mottola, Carey had more control over the musical style of this album, so she collaborated with several artists such as Jay-Z, Usher, and Snoop Dogg, as well as Missy Elliott, Joe, Da Brat, Master P, 98°, and Mystikal. Title: American Idol Passage: Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers. Title: American Idol Passage: On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted "The American Idol Experience" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a "finals" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a "Dream Ticket" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.	[ "Rainbow (Mariah Carey album)", "American Idol" ]
In which direction would you travel from city where the band Munroe Effect was formed to reach Southampton?	north-west	[]	Title: Southampton Passage: Southampton (i/saʊθˈæmptən, -hæmptən/) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire on the south coast of England, and is situated 75 miles (121 km) south-west of London and 19 miles (31 km) north-west of Portsmouth. Southampton is a major port and the closest city to the New Forest. It lies at the northernmost point of Southampton Water at the confluence of the River Test and River Itchen, with the River Hamble joining to the south of the urban area. The city, which is a unitary authority, has an estimated population of 253,651. The city's name is sometimes abbreviated in writing to "So'ton" or "Soton", and a resident of Southampton is called a Sotonian. Title: Munroe Effect (band) Passage: Munroe Effect were an underground alternative rock band formed in the summer of 2006, in Portsmouth England. Since the debut single release "Who's Throwing Rocks/Subterranean Death Clash" in 2008, the band have released a 6-track EP "you are goldmouth" and their first album, "ULTRAVIOLENCELAND", named after a Camille Rose Garcia painting. Munroe Effect is derived from Charles Edward Munroe's theory the Neumann Effect, otherwise known as the Munroe Effect. Title: Central Baptist Church, Southampton Passage: Southampton Central Baptist Church is a Baptist church located in the Polygon area of Southampton, Hampshire. The building in which the church meets is a Grade II listed building.	[ "Munroe Effect (band)", "Southampton" ]
When did the country where the birthplace of Pieter Boddaert is found, refuse to surrender Namibia?	1946	[]	Title: Namibia Passage: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory. Although the South African government desired to incorporate 'South-West Africa' into its territory, it never officially did so, although it was administered as the de facto 'fifth province', with the white minority having representation in the whites-only Parliament of South Africa, as well as electing their own local administration the SWA Legislative Assembly. The South African government also appointed the SWA administrator, who had extensive powers. Following the League's replacement by the United Nations in 1946, South Africa refused to surrender its earlier mandate to be replaced by a United Nations Trusteeship agreement, requiring closer international monitoring of the territory's administration (along with a definite independence schedule). The Herero Chief's Council submitted a number of petitions to the UN calling for it to grant Namibia independence during the 1950s. During the 1960s, when European powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in Africa, pressure mounted on South Africa to do so in Namibia. In 1966 the International Court of Justice dismissed a complaint brought by Ethiopia and Liberia against South Africa's continued presence in the territory, but the U.N. General Assembly subsequently revoked South Africa's mandate, while in 1971 the International Court of Justice issued an "advisory opinion" declaring South Africa's continued administration to be illegal. Title: Namibia Passage: Namibia is one of few countries in the world to specifically address conservation and protection of natural resources in its constitution. Article 95 states, "The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting international policies aimed at the following: maintenance of ecosystems, essential ecological processes, and biological diversity of Namibia, and utilisation of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of all Namibians, both present and future." Title: Aminuis Constituency Passage: Aminuis Constituency is a electoral constituency in the Omaheke Region of Namibia. It has 12,343 inhabitants, its district capital is the settlement of Aminuis. The constituency forms part of the border between Namibia and Botswana. Title: Boschmanskop No 1 Dam Passage: Boschmanskop No 1+2 Dam, is an earth-fill type dam on the Woes-Alleen River, near Middelburg, Mpumalanga, South Africa. It was established in 1995. Its primary purpose is flood control and it is owned by Optimum Colliery Pullen's Hope. Title: Namibia Passage: Life expectancy at birth is estimated to be 52.2 years in 2012 – among the lowest in the world. The AIDS epidemic is a large problem in Namibia. Though its rate of infection is substantially lower than that of its eastern neighbour, Botswana, approximately 13.1% of the adult population is[update] infected with HIV. In 2001, there were an estimated 210,000 people living with HIV/AIDS, and the estimated death toll in 2003 was 16,000. According to the 2011 UNAIDS Report, the epidemic in Namibia "appears to be leveling off." As the HIV/AIDS epidemic has reduced the working-aged population, the number of orphans has increased. It falls to the government to provide education, food, shelter and clothing for these orphans. Title: Economy of Eswatini Passage: Eswatini, Lesotho, Botswana, Namibia, and the Republic of South Africa form the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), where import duties apply uniformly to member countries. Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia, and South Africa also are members of the Common Monetary Area (CMA) in which repatriation and unrestricted funds are permitted. Eswatini issues its own currency, the lilangeni (plural: emalangeni), which is at par with the South African rand. Title: Pieter Boddaert Passage: Boddaert was the son of a Middelburg jurist and poet by the same name (1694–1760). The younger Pieter obtained his M.D. at the University of Utrecht in 1764 and there became a lecturer on natural history. Fourteen letters survive of his correspondence with Carl Linnaeus between 1768 and 1775. He was a friend of Albert Schlosser, whose cabinet of "curiosities" of natural history he described. Title: Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Namibia in Washington, D.C. is the Republic of Namibia's diplomatic mission to the United States. It's located at 1605 New Hampshire Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C., in the Dupont Circle neighborhood. Title: Dwight D. Eisenhower Passage: In the general election, against the advice of his advisors, Eisenhower insisted on campaigning in the South, refusing to surrender the region to the Democratic Party. The campaign strategy, dubbed "K1C2", was to focus on attacking the Truman and Roosevelt administrations on three issues: Korea, Communism and corruption. In an effort to accommodate the right, he stressed that the liberation of Eastern Europe should be by peaceful means only; he also distanced himself from his former boss President Truman. Title: Namibia Passage: Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began.	[ "Boschmanskop No 1 Dam", "Namibia", "Pieter Boddaert" ]
Which country contains the region where the chechen republic is located in the region who inherited Olympic medals?	Azerbaijan	[ "az", "AZE" ]	Title: Vrezh Passage: The Vrezh (translated as "Vengeance" from Armenian) is thought to have been an underground militant movement reportedly created by Dashnak leadership in 1989 to fight Azerbaijan and authorities in Northern Caucasus by bombing civilian targets. Title: Chechnya Passage: Chechen Republic Чеченская Республика (Russian) Нохчийн Республика (Chechen) -- Republic -- Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Shatlak's Song Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E / 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E / 43.400; 45.717 Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E / 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E / 43.400; 45.717 Political status Country Russia Federal district North Caucasian Economic region North Caucasus Established January 10, 1993 Capital Grozny Government (as of January 2015) Head Ramzan Kadyrov Legislature Parliament Statistics Area (as of the 2002 Census) Total 17,300 km (6,700 sq mi) Area rank 75th Urban 32.1% Population (January 2016 est.) Total 1,395,678 Time zone (s) MSK (UTC + 03: 00) ISO 3166 - 2 RU - CE License plates 95 Official languages Russian; Chechen Official website Title: Soviet Union at the Olympics Passage: All Summer and Winter Olympic medals of the Soviet Union and the Russian Empire were inherited by Russia, but not combined together with the medal count of the Russian Federation.	[ "Soviet Union at the Olympics", "Vrezh", "Chechnya" ]
When did the city that shares a border with the county William Selden was born in become the capital of Virginia?	1742	[]	Title: Yorkshire, Virginia Passage: Yorkshire is a census-designated place (CDP) in Prince William County, Virginia, United States. The population was 6,732 at the 2000 census. Title: West Virginia Passage: West Virginia became a state following the Wheeling Conventions of 1861, after the American Civil War had begun. Delegates from some Unionist counties of northwestern Virginia decided to break away from Virginia, although they included many secessionist counties in the new state. West Virginia was admitted to the Union on June 20, 1863, and was a key border state during the war. West Virginia was the only state to form by separating from a Confederate state, the first to separate from any state since Maine separated from Massachusetts, and was one of two states admitted to the Union during the American Civil War (the other being Nevada). While a portion of its residents held slaves, most of the residents were yeomen farmers, and the delegates provided for gradual abolition of slavery in the new state constitution. Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: Richmond (/ ˈrɪtʃmənd / RICH - mənd) is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) and the Greater Richmond Region. It was incorporated in 1742, and has been an independent city since 1871. Title: Tudor's Biscuit World Passage: Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida. Title: Currie Cup Passage: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934 Title: Central Garage, Virginia Passage: Central Garage is a census-designated place (CDP) in King William County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 census was 1,318. Title: William Radford Passage: William Radford (September 9, 1809 – January 8, 1890) was a rear admiral of the United States Navy who served during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War, in which he remained loyal to the Union, despite his Virginia birth. Radford commanded the Ironclad Division in the attacks on Fort Fisher (December 1864/January 1865) to assert Union control of Cape Fear. Title: Virginia Passage: Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. Title: Henrico County, Virginia Passage: Richmond Raceway is in the central portion of Henrico County near Mechanicsville, just north of the Richmond city limits. The raceway seats approximately 60,000 people and holds two NASCAR doubleheader race weekends per year. Additionally, Richmond International Airport is located in the eastern portion of Henrico County in Sandston. Top private employers in the county include Capital One, Bon Secours Richmond Health System, and Anthem. Title: Harry Kitten and Tucker Mouse Passage: Harry Kitten and Tucker Mouse is a children's book written by George Selden and illustrated by Garth Williams. It is the prequel to "The Cricket in Times Square". Dell Publishing originally published the book in 1986. Title: Williamsburg, Virginia Passage: Williamsburg was founded in 1632 as Middle Plantation, a fortified settlement on high ground between the James and York rivers. The city served as the capital of the Colony and Commonwealth of Virginia from 1699 to 1780 and was the center of political events in Virginia leading to the American Revolution. The College of William & Mary, established in 1693, is the second - oldest institution of higher education in the United States and the only one of the nine colonial colleges located in the South; its alumni include three U.S. presidents as well as many other important figures in the nation's early history. Title: William Selden Passage: According to the Library of Virginia "William Selden was born 31 January 1791 in Henrico County, Virginia, to Miles Selden (1752-1811) and Elizabeth Armistead Selden (1752-1833). He was a member for Henrico County in the House of Delegates from 1813 to 1816 and from 1818 to 1821. He later served as Registrar of the Land Office. He married first Maria Eliza Swann (d. 1834) 26 November 1833, and they had one child. He married second Emily Hunter 9 June 1840, and they had eight children. Selden died 7 April 1874."	[ "William Selden", "Richmond, Virginia", "Henrico County, Virginia" ]
Who sang Mack the Knife with the A Man and His Music singer?	Quincy Jones	[ "Quincy", "Q" ]	Title: Mack the Knife Passage: ``Mack the Knife ''was introduced to the United States hit parade by Louis Armstrong in 1956, but the song is most closely associated with Bobby Darin, who recorded his version at Fulton Studios on West 40th Street, New York City, on December 19, 1958 (with Tom Dowd engineering the recording). Even though Darin was reluctant to release the song as a single, in 1959 it reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 and number six on the Black Singles chart, and earned him a Grammy Award for Record of the Year. Dick Clark had advised Darin not to record the song because of the perception that, having come from an opera, it would not appeal to the rock and roll audience. In subsequent years, Clark recounted the story with good humor. Frank Sinatra, who recorded the song with Quincy Jones on his L.A. Is My Lady album, called Darin's the`` definitive'' version. Billboard ranked this version as the No. 2 song for 1959. Darin's version was No. 3 on Billboard's All Time Top 100. In 2003, the Darin version was ranked # 251 on Rolling Stone's ``The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time ''list. On BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs, pop mogul Simon Cowell named`` Mack the Knife'' the best song ever written. Darin's version of the song was featured in the movies Quiz Show and What Women Want. Both Armstrong and Darin's versions were inducted by the Library of Congress in the National Recording Registry in 2016. Title: Jennifer Kimball Passage: Jennifer Kimball and Amherst College friend Jonatha Brooke began playing music together in the 1980s. They performed regularly during their college years. Their folk songs were marked by "witty wordplay and sumptuous pop harmonies," according to one music critic. Critics noted a resemblance between their music and earlier artists such as Joni Mitchell and Paul Simon in terms of excellent musicianship, singing, and writing. Kimball graduated from Amherst in 1986. Title: A Man and His Music Passage: A Man and His Music is a 1965 double album by Frank Sinatra. It provides a brief retrospective of Sinatra's musical career. The album won the 1967 Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Title: E. G. Daily Passage: Also in 1985, she provided back - up vocals for The Human League front - man Philip Oakey's debut solo album, Philip Oakey & Giorgio Moroder. That same year, she appeared in the comedy film Better Off Dead, singing the songs ``One Way Love (Better Off Dead) ''and`` A Little Luck'' as a member of a band performing at a high school dance. Both songs were included on the soundtrack album credited to E.G. Daily. She performed a song on The Breakfast Club soundtrack called ``Waiting ''. Title: When the Heart Sings Passage: When the Heart Sings (Spanish:Cuando canta el corazón) is a 1941 Argentine musical drama film directed by Richard Harlan and starring Hugo del Carril, Aída Luz and José Olarra. A man from a wealthy background meets and marries an actress despite fierce opposition from his family. Title: Commander (knife) Passage: The Commander (knife) is a large recurve folding knife made by Emerson Knives, Inc. that was based on a custom design, the ES1-M, by Ernest Emerson that he originally built for a West Coast Navy SEAL Team. It was winner of the Blade Magazine Overall Knife of the Year Award for 1999. Title: Barbara Rosene Passage: Barbara Rosene majored in English at John Carroll University and picked up early experience singing with the school choir, performing with a big band and at a jazz bar. Early on she was influenced by Annette Hanshaw and Mildred Bailey. Her love for 1920s music has been with her much of her life. Title: Joe Souza Passage: Joe Souza (born October 5, 1970 in Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania), is an actor and singer. He is a graduate from The Hartt School and is best known for his appearances in the film version of the Off-Broadway musical, Naked Boys Singing, various turns in television shows, and as a performer in softcore adult pornography. Title: Lea Salonga Passage: Maria Lea Carmen Imutan Salonga, KLD (born February 22, 1971), known as Lea Salonga (/ ˈleɪə səˈlɒŋɡə /), is a Filipina singer and actress best known for her roles in musical theatre, for supplying the singing voices of two Disney Princesses, and as a recording artist and television performer. Title: Jackie Chan Passage: Chan had vocal lessons whilst at the Peking Opera School in his childhood. He began producing records professionally in the 1980s and has gone on to become a successful singer in Hong Kong and Asia. He has released 20 albums since 1984 and has performed vocals in Cantonese, Mandarin, Japanese, Taiwanese and English. He often sings the theme songs of his films, which play over the closing credits. Chan's first musical recording was "Kung Fu Fighting Man", the theme song played over the closing credits of The Young Master (1980). At least 10 of these recordings have been released on soundtrack albums for the films. His Cantonese song Story of a Hero (英雄故事) (theme song of Police Story) was selected by the Royal Hong Kong Police and incorporated into their recruitment advertisement in 1994.Chan voiced the character of Shang in the Chinese release of the Walt Disney animated feature, Mulan (1998). He also performed the song "I'll Make a Man Out of You", for the film's soundtrack. For the US release, the speaking voice was performed by B.D. Wong and the singing voice was done by Donny Osmond. Title: Mary Schneider Passage: Mary Schneider AM, (born 25 October 1932 in Rockhampton, Queensland) is an Australian singer, songwriter and performer, who is a master at the classic Swiss Alpine style, she is best known for yodelling the works of various standards by many a classic composer. Her repertoire has covered everything from yodelling of classical music pieces to marches and European folk music tunes. Her daughter is the ARIA Award winning singer songwriter Melinda Schneider is also an Australian country music entertainer and performer. She mainly appears in club and pub venues around Australia, as well as overseas, but has also performed at many arena venues. She performed with her sister Rita Schneider, as part of The Schneider Sisters singing duo, who in 2002 were inducted into the Australian Roll of Renown. Title: Denez Prigent Passage: Denez Prigent (; born 17 February 1966 in Santec, Finistère) is a Breton folk singer-songwriter of the "gwerz" and "kan ha diskan" styles of Breton music. From his debut at the age of 16, he was known for singing traditional songs "a cappella", and has moved on to singing his own songs with techno music accompaniments. He has performed in France as well as internationally and has recorded seven studio and two live albums.	[ "A Man and His Music", "Mack the Knife" ]
What is the most common source of electricity in the province where Selkirk is located?	Manitoba Hydro	[]	Title: Big Bend Ranges Passage: The Big Bend Ranges are a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located in Big Bend of the Columbia River north of the Illecillewaet River. Title: Manitoba Hydro Passage: Manitoba Hydro is the electric power and natural gas utility in the province of Manitoba, Canada. Founded in 1961, it is a provincial Crown Corporation, governed by the Manitoba Hydro - Electric Board and the Manitoba Hydro Act. Today the company operates 15 interconnected generating stations. It has more than 527,000 electric power customers and more than 263,000 natural gas customers. Since most of the electrical energy is provided by hydroelectric power, the utility has low electricity rates. Stations in Northern Manitoba are connected by a HVDC system, the Nelson River Bipole, to customers in the south. The internal staff are members of the Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 998 while the outside workers are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 2034. Title: Selkirk (provincial electoral district) Passage: Selkirk is a provincial electoral division in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It was created by redistribution in 1957 from part of St. Andrews, and has formally existed since the provincial election of 1958. It is named after the city of Selkirk, which in turn was named for Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, who set up the Red River Colony colonization project in 1811.	[ "Selkirk (provincial electoral district)", "Manitoba Hydro" ]
Where was the director of Aparajito educated?	Visva-Bharati University	[]	Title: Saint Helena Passage: The Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning. The island has a public library (the oldest in the Southern Hemisphere) and a mobile library service which operates weekly rural areas. Title: Peter Gill (playwright) Passage: Peter Gill (born 7 September 1939) is a Welsh theatre director, playwright and actor. He was born in Cardiff to George John and Margaret Mary (née Browne) Gill, and educated at St Illtyd's College, Cardiff. Title: Richard C. Anderson Passage: Richard C. Anderson (born 1934) is an American educational psychologist who has published influential research on children's reading, vocabulary growth, and story discussions that promote thinking. He is the director of the Center for the Study of Reading and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Anderson is a past president of the American Educational Research Association. Title: Humphrey Bowman Passage: Humphrey Ernest Bowman (26 July 1879 – 23 March 1965) worked in the Education Departments in the British Protectorates in Egypt from 1903 to 1911 and Sudan from 1911 to 1913. He served in the British Army from 1914 to 1918. He became Director of Education in Mesopotamia in August 1918, and left in August 1920 to return to Egypt. Subsequently he became Director of Education in Palestine. Title: Global Center for Advanced Studies Passage: The Global Center for Advanced Studies was originally incorporated in the state of Colorado on August 22, 2013, by Creston C Davis (currently Professor of Philosophy and Psychoanalysis and Director at GCAS), as an institute of higher learning based on critical theory, and on the concept of a "debt free education grounded in the principles of Democracy and the Commons.” Jason M. Adams joined GCAS on September 23, 2013 as co-director, but later withdrew from GCAS. Title: Aparajito Passage: Aparajito ( "Ôporajito"; "The Unvanquished") is a 1956 Indian Bengali drama film written and directed by Satyajit Ray (1921–1992), and is the second part of "The Apu Trilogy". It is adapted from the last one-fifth of Bibhutibhushan Bannerjee's novel "Pather Panchali" (1929) and the first one-third of its sequel "Aparajito" (1932). It starts off where the previous film "Pather Panchali" (1955) ended, with Apu's family moving to Varanasi, and chronicles Apu's life from childhood to adolescence in college, right up to his mother's death, when he is left all alone. Title: The Inner Eye Passage: The Inner Eye is a 1972 short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on Benode Behari Mukherjee, a blind artist and a teacher from Visva-Bharati University, a university founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. The twenty minutes documentary features the life and works of Mukherjee in the form of paintings and photographs, starring himself. The documentary covers his journey from childhood till his blindness along with much of his works and features his words, "Blindness is a new feeling, a new experience, a new state of being". The documentary was awarded as Best Information Film (Documentary) at 20th National Film Awards in 1972. Title: The Apu Trilogy Passage: The Apu Trilogy comprises three Bengali films directed by Satyajit Ray: "Pather Panchali" (1955), "Aparajito" (1956) and "The World of Apu" (1959). They are frequently listed among the greatest films of all time and are often cited as the greatest movies in the history of Indian cinema. The original music for the films was composed by Ravi Shankar. Title: Nicolas Roland Passage: Nicolas Roland (December 8, 1642 - April 27, 1678) was a French priest, canon and educator. He was a friend, contemporary and spiritual director of Saint John Baptist de La Salle. Title: Paul Zed Passage: Paul Zed was born in Toronto and received his early education from local Saint John, New Brunswick schools, graduating from St. Malachy’s High School with honors, a Bachelor of Arts degree from Dalhousie University (BA 1977), a Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of New Brunswick (LL.B. 1980) and a Masters of Laws degree from the London School of Economics (LL.M. 1981). He completed the Directors Education Program of the Institute of Corporate Directors through the Rotman School of Management, Toronto (ICD.D May, 2012). He is the oldest of seven children of Saint John dentist Dr. Leesha and Amelia (deceased) Zed. Title: James E. Faulconer Passage: James E. Faulconer is an American philosopher, a former Richard L. Evans Professor of Philosophy at Brigham Young University, the former director of BYU's London Centre, and presently a Resident Senior Research Fellow and the Associate Director of the Wheatley Institution. He previously served as the dean of Undergraduate Education and the chair of the Philosophy Department at BYU. Title: Department of General and Higher Education (Kerala) Passage: Department of Education വിദ്യാഭ്യാസ വകുപ്പ് Agency overview Formed 1995 Jurisdiction Kerala Headquarters Thiruvananthapuram Agency executives Prof C. Ravindranath, Minister for Education Shri. A.P.M. Mohammed Hanish IAS, Secretary, General Education Department Parent agency Government of Kerala Child agencies IT@School Project Director of Public Instruction Website http://www.education.kerala.gov.in/	[ "The Apu Trilogy", "The Inner Eye" ]
In 1992, who was elected president of the country of citizenship of Ngandu Kasongo?	Pascal Lissouba	[]	Title: André Billardon Passage: André Billardon (born 22 October 1940) is a French politician and member of the Socialist Party. He is the current mayor of Le Creusot and used to be a Minister during Pierre Bérégovoy's term of office, while François Mitterrand was president. Billardon was a mathematics teacher prior to his involvement in local politics in the third "circonscription" of Saône-et-Loire. Thus, he was elected as a "député" for the first time in 1978. He was then re-elected in every legislative election until 1992. He was then appointed Minister for the Energy. He carried out his duties from October 1992 to March 1993. He was again elected as a "député" in June 1997, until May 2002. He also used to be the chairman of the "Communauté Urbaine Le Creusot - Montceau". Title: Ngandu Kasongo Passage: Cyrille Kasongo Ngandu Nzembele (born 6 December 1979 in Kinshasa) is a Congolese football player, who currently plays for TP Mazembe. Title: 2016 United States presidential primaries in Puerto Rico Passage: United States presidential election in Puerto Rico, 2016 ← 2012 November 8, 2016 2020 → President before election Barack Obama Democratic Elected President Donald Trump Republican Title: President of Mexico Passage: Be a natural - born citizen of Mexico (``mexicano por nacimiento '') able to exercise full citizenship rights, with at least one parent who is a natural - born citizen of Mexico. Be a resident of Mexico for at least twenty (20) years. Be thirty - five years of age or older at the time of the election. Be a resident of Mexico for the entire year prior to the election (although absences of 30 days or fewer are explicitly stated not to interrupt residency). Not be an official or minister of any church or religious denomination. Not be in active military service during the six months prior to the election. Not be a secretary of state or under - secretary of state, attorney general, governor of a State, or head of the government of Mexico City, unless`` separated from the post'' (resigned or been granted permanent leave of absence) at least six months prior to the election. Not have been president already, even in a provisional capacity (see Succession below). Title: Constitution of South Africa Passage: The Constitution of South Africa is the supreme law of the country of South Africa. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the republic, sets out the rights and duties of its citizens, and defines the structure of the government. The current constitution, the country's fifth, was drawn up by the Parliament elected in 1994 in the first non-racial elections. It was promulgated by President Nelson Mandela on 18th December 1996 and came into effect on 4 February 1997, replacing the Interim Constitution of 1993. Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau. Title: President of India Passage: Supreme Court shall inquire and decide regarding all doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection with the election of a President per Article 71 (1) of the constitution. Supreme Court can remove the president for the electoral malpractices or upon being not eligible to be Lok Sabha member under the Representation of the People Act, 1951. Subject to Article 71 (3), Parliament made applicable rules / procedure to petition the Supreme Court for resolving the disputes only that arise during the election process of the president but not the doubts that arise from his unconstitutional actions / deeds or changing Indian citizenship during the tenure of president which may violate the requisite election qualifications. Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: Pascal Lissouba, who became Congo's first elected president (1992–1997) during the period of multi-party democracy, attempted to implement economic reforms with IMF backing to liberalise the economy. In June 1996 the IMF approved a three-year SDR69.5m (US$100m) enhanced structural adjustment facility (ESAF) and was on the verge of announcing a renewed annual agreement when civil war broke out in Congo in mid-1997. Title: 2017 United States Senate special election in Alabama Passage: After the election, Moore filed a lawsuit attempting to block the state from certifying the election and calling for an investigation into voter fraud. On December 28, 2017, a judge dismissed this lawsuit and state officials certified the election results, officially declaring Doug Jones the winner. Jones was sworn into office on January 3, 2018, by Vice President Mike Pence. Jones became the first Democrat to win a statewide race in Alabama since former Lieutenant Governor Lucy Baxley was elected President of the Alabama Public Service Commission in 2008 over Republican Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh. Prior to that, Democrat Jim Folsom Jr. was elected Lieutenant Governor of Alabama in 2006 over Republican Luther Strange. The last Democrat to win a federal statewide election in Alabama was Richard Shelby in 1992, who switched to the Republican Party in late 1994. Title: Election Commission of India Passage: The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act. The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country's higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Title: Iran Passage: Hassan Rouhani was elected as the president on 15 June 2013, defeating Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and four other candidates. The electoral victory of Rouhani has relatively improved the relations of Iran with other countries.	[ "Republic of the Congo", "Ngandu Kasongo" ]
When did the iPhone 6S plus of the developer of iTunes come out?	September 25, 2015	[]	Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.2. 1, was released on December 13, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2. 5 was released on December 13, 2017. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release, iOS 11.1. 1, was released on November 9, 2017. The most recent beta release for iOS 11.2 was released on November 13, 2017. Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017 and the upcoming iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: IPhone 6S Passage: iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus (stylized and marketed as iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus) are smartphones designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 9, 2015, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, with pre-orders beginning September 12 and official release on September 25, 2015. The iPhone 6S and 6S Plus were succeeded by the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus in September 2016. Title: IOS 10 Passage: iOS 10 A version of the iOS operating system The default iOS 10 home screen on an iPhone 7 Developer Apple Inc. Source model Closed with open - source components Initial release September 13, 2016; 17 months ago (2016 - 09 - 13) Latest release 10.3. 3 (14G60) / July 19, 2017; 7 months ago (2017 - 07 - 19) Platforms iPhone iPhone 5 iPhone 5C iPhone 5S iPhone 6 iPhone 6 Plus iPhone 6S iPhone 6S Plus iPhone SE iPhone 7 iPhone 7 Plus iPod Touch iPod Touch (6th generation) iPad iPad (4th generation) iPad Air iPad Air 2 iPad (2017) iPad Mini 2 iPad Mini 3 iPad Mini 4 iPad Pro Kernel type Hybrid (XNU) License Proprietary software with open - source components Preceded by iOS 9 Succeeded by iOS 11 Official website iOS 10 at the Wayback Machine (archived September 12, 2017) Support status Third - party application support only Title: Digital Audio Access Protocol Passage: The Digital Audio Access Protocol (DAAP) is the proprietary protocol introduced by Apple in its iTunes software to share media across a local network. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus are smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The devices are part of the iPhone series and were announced on September 9, 2014, and released on September 19, 2014. The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus jointly serve as successors to the iPhone 5S and were themselves replaced as flagship devices of the iPhone series by the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus on September 9, 2015. The iPhone 6 and 6 Plus include larger 4.7 and 5.5 inches (120 and 140 mm) displays, a faster processor, upgraded cameras, improved LTE and Wi - Fi connectivity and support for a near field communications - based mobile payments offering. Title: IPod Passage: Apple debuted the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store on September 5, 2007, in its Media Event entitled "The Beat Goes On...". This service allows users to access the Music Store from either an iPhone or an iPod Touch and download songs directly to the device that can be synced to the user's iTunes Library over a WiFi connection, or, in the case of an iPhone, the telephone network. Title: IPhone 6 Passage: The iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus were officially unveiled during a press event at the Flint Center for Performing Arts in Cupertino, California on September 9, 2014 and released on September 19, 2014; pre-orders began on September 12, 2014, with the iPhone 6 starting at US $649 and the iPhone 6 Plus starting at US $749. In China, where the iPhone 5c and 5s were the first models in the iPhone series to be released in the country on the same day as their international launch, Apple notified local wireless carriers that it would be unable to release the iPhone 6 and iPhone 6 Plus on the 19th because there were ``details which are not ready ''; local media reported that the devices had not yet been approved by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and earlier in the year, a news report by state broadcaster China Central Television alleged that iPhone devices were a threat to national security because iOS 7's`` frequent locations'' function could expose ``state secrets. '' Title: IPhone 7 Passage: iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 7, 2016, at the Bill Graham Civic Auditorium in San Francisco by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 16, 2016, succeeding the iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus as the flagship devices in the iPhone series. Apple also released the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus in numerous countries worldwide throughout September and October 2016. They were succeeded as flagship devices by the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus on September 22, 2017, and the iPhone X on November 3, 2017. Title: IOS version history Passage: iOS is a mobile operating system, developed by Apple Inc. for iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Updates for iOS are released through the iTunes software, and, since iOS 5, via over-the - air software updates. With the announcement of iOS 5.0 on June 6, 2011, a USB connection to iTunes was no longer needed to activate iOS devices; data synchronization can happen automatically and wirelessly through Apple's iCloud service. Major new iOS releases are announced yearly during the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), and are usually released in September of the same year, usually coinciding with the release of new iPhone models. The current stable release is iOS 11.0. 1. Title: IPhone 6S Passage: The iPhone 6S is powered by the Apple A9 system - on - chip, which the company stated is up to 70% faster than Apple A8, and has up to 90% better graphics performance. The iPhone 6S has 2 GB of RAM, more than any previous iPhone, and also supports LTE Advanced. The Touch ID sensor on the 6S was also updated, with the new version having improved fingerprint scanning performance over the previous version.	[ "IPhone 6S", "Digital Audio Access Protocol" ]
Under which amendment was the state in which Te-ongsi Sirijunga Xin Thebe died made an integral part of India?	the 36th Amendment	[]	Title: Te-ongsi Sirijunga Xin Thebe Passage: Te-ongsi Sirijunga Xin Thebe was an 18th-century Limbu scholar, educator, historian, linguist, leader, and philosopher of Limbuwan and Sikkim. He was formally known as "Sirichongba" and even more popularly known as "Sirijonga II." Title: Sikkim Passage: In 1975, the Prime Minister of Sikkim appealed to the Indian Parliament for Sikkim to become a state of India. In April of that year, the Indian Army took over the city of Gangtok and disarmed the Chogyal's palace guards. Thereafter, a referendum was held in which 97.5 per cent of voters supported abolishing the monarchy, effectively approving union with India. India is said to have stationed 20,000 -- 40,000 troops in a country of only 200,000 during the referendum. On 16 May 1975, Sikkim became the 22nd state of the Indian Union, and the monarchy was abolished. To enable the incorporation of the new state, the Indian Parliament amended the Indian Constitution. First, the 35th Amendment laid down a set of conditions that made Sikkim an ``Associate State '', a special designation not used by any other state. A month later, the 36th Amendment repealed the 35th Amendment, and made Sikkim a full state, adding its name to the First Schedule of the Constitution. Title: Quit India speech Passage: The Quit India speech is a speech made by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, on the eve of the Quit India movement. He called for determined, but passive resistance that signified the certitude that Gandhi foresaw for the movement, best described by his call to Do or Die. His speech was issued at the Gowalia Tank Maidan park in Bombay (now Mumbai), since renamed August Kranti Maidan (August Revolution Ground). However, almost the entire Congress leadership, and not merely at the national level, was put into confinement less than twenty - four hours after Gandhi's speech, and the greater number of the Congress leaders were to spend the rest of the war in jail. Gandhi made this speech to help India gain Independence.	[ "Sikkim", "Te-ongsi Sirijunga Xin Thebe" ]
What body of water is by the county that contains Dunluce Upper?	Irish Sea	[]	Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Melbourne Passage: Water storage and supply for Melbourne is managed by Melbourne Water, which is owned by the Victorian Government. The organisation is also responsible for management of sewerage and the major water catchments in the region as well as the Wonthaggi desalination plant and North–South Pipeline. Water is stored in a series of reservoirs located within and outside the Greater Melbourne area. The largest dam, the Thomson River Dam, located in the Victorian Alps, is capable of holding around 60% of Melbourne's water capacity, while smaller dams such as the Upper Yarra Dam, Yan Yean Reservoir, and the Cardinia Reservoir carry secondary supplies. Title: Norfolk Island Passage: Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island. Title: County Antrim Passage: In ancient times, Antrim was inhabited by a Celtic people called the Darini. In the early Middle Ages, southern County Antrim was part of the Kingdom of Ulidia, ruled by the Dál Fiatach clans Keenan and MacDonlevy/McDunlavey; the north was part of Dál Riada, which stretched into what is now western Scotland over the Irish Sea. Dál Riada was ruled by the O'Lynch clan, who were vassals of the Ulidians. Besides the Ulidians and Dál Riada, there were the Dál nAraide of lower County Antrim, and the Cruthin, who were pre-Gaelic Celts and probably related to the Picts of Britain. Between the 8th and 11th centuries Antrim was exposed to the inroads of the Vikings. Title: Upper Orange Water Management Area Passage: Upper Orange WMA, or Upper Orange Water Management Area (coded: 13), Includes the following major rivers: the Modder River, Riet River, Caledon River and Orange River, and covers the following Dams: Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Paris Passage: France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité, while the Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement. The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, also meets in the Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal. Title: Pectoralis minor Passage: The pectoralis minor (/ ˌpɛktəˈreɪlɪs ˈmaɪnər /) is a thin, triangular muscle, situated at the upper part of the chest, beneath the pectoralis major in the human body. Title: Rhine Passage: Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Thurgau and St. Gallen. The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47°39′N 9°19′E / 47.650°N 9.317°E / 47.650; 9.317. Title: List of current members of the Rajya Sabha Passage: The Rajya Sabha (RS) or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Membership is limited to 250 members, and the present Rajya Sabha has 245 members. 233 members are elected by state assembly members and 12 are nominated by the President for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. The remainder of the body is elected by the state and territorial legislatures. Members sit for six - year terms, with one third of the members retiring every two years. Title: Dunluce Upper Passage: Dunluce Upper is a barony in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is bordered by six other baronies: Dunluce Lower to the north; Cary to the north-east; North East Liberties of Coleraine to the north-west; Coleraine to the west; Kilconway to the south; and Glenarm Lower to the east. Dunluce Upper also formed part of the medieval territory known as the Route.	[ "County Antrim", "Dunluce Upper" ]
Who has written the national anthem of Wasana's original country?	Ananda Samarakoon	[]	Title: Lift Every Voice and Sing Passage: ``Lift Every Voice and Sing ''-- often referred to as the`` Black American National Anthem'' -- is a song written as a poem by James Weldon Johnson (1871 -- 1938) in 1899 and set to music by his brother John Rosamond Johnson (1873 -- 1954) in 1905. Title: America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee) Passage: ``My Country, 'Tis of Thee '', also known as`` America'', is an American patriotic song, whose lyrics were written by Samuel Francis Smith. The melody used is the same as that of the national anthem of the United Kingdom, ``God Save the Queen '', arranged by Thomas Arne. The song served as one of the de facto national anthems of the United States (along with songs like`` Hail, Columbia'') before the adoption of ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''as the official anthem in 1931. Title: Forged from the Love of Liberty Passage: ``Forged from the Love of Liberty ''is the national anthem of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Originally composed as the national anthem for the short - lived West Indies Federation (1958 -- 1962), this song was edited and adopted by Trinidad and Tobago when it became independent in 1962. Title: Chant du départ Passage: The "Chant du Départ" (French for "Song of the Departure") is a revolutionary and war song written by Étienne Nicolas Méhul (music) and Marie-Joseph Chénier (words) in 1794. It was the official anthem of the First Empire. It is also the regional anthem of French Guiana. Title: Jana Gana Mana Passage: ``Jana Gana Mana ''(Hindi: (ɟənə gəɳə mənə)) is the national anthem of India. It was originally composed as Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in Bengali by poet Rabindranath Tagore. The first stanza of the song Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in its Hindi version was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately fifty - two seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta (now, Kolkata) Session of the Indian National Congress. This is the first of five stanzas of Tagore's Bengali song Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata. Title: God Save the Queen Passage: It is the national anthem of the United Kingdom and one of two national anthems used by New Zealand since 1977, as well as for several of the UK's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is also the royal anthem -- played specifically in the presence of the monarch -- of all the aforementioned countries, as well as Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980), Barbados and Tuvalu. In countries not previously part of the British Empire, the tune of ``God Save the Queen ''has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony. In the United States, the melody is used for the patriotic song`` My Country, 'Tis of Thee''. The melody is also used for the national anthem of Liechtenstein, ``Oben am jungen Rhein ''. Title: Jana Gana Mana Passage: ``Jana Gana Mana ''(Hindi: (ɟənə gəɳə mənə)) is the national anthem of India. It was originally composed as Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in Bengali by poet Rabindranath Tagore. The first stanza of the song Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata in its Hindi version was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately fifty - two seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the Calcutta (now, Kolkata) Session of the Indian National Congress. Title: All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name Passage: The hymn is often called the ``National Anthem of Christendom ''. The lyrics, written by Edward Perronet while he served as a missionary in India, first appeared in the November, 1779 issue of the Gospel Magazine, which was edited by the author of`` Rock of Ages'', Augustus Toplady. Title: Advance Australia Fair Passage: Since the original lyrics were written in 1879, there have been several changes, in some cases with the intent of increasing the anthem's inclusiveness and gender neutrality. Some of these were minor while others have significantly changed the song. The original song was four verses long. For its adoption as the national anthem, the song was cut from four verses to two. The first verse was kept largely as the 1879 original, except for the change in the first line from ``Australia's sons let us rejoice ''to`` Australians all let us rejoice''. The second, third and fourth verses of the original were dropped, in favour of a modified version of the new third verse which was sung at Federation in 1901. Title: Lupang Hinirang Passage: ``Lupang Hinirang ''((ˈlupaŋ hiˈniɾaŋ); originally in Spanish: Patria Adorada (ˈpatɾja aðoˈɾaða); English:`` Chosen Land'') is the national anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julián Felipe, and the lyrics were adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899. Originally written it did not have lyrics when it was adopted as the anthem of the revolutionary First Philippine Republic and subsequently played during the proclamation of Philippine independence on June 12, 1898. Title: Wasana Passage: Wasana is a 1976 Sinhalese language romance film directed that follows the lives of middle-class people in Sri Lanka. The film stars Geetha Kumarasinghe, Vijaya Kumaranatunga and Malini Fonseka made notable roles. Also this film was the cinema debut of popular Sri Lankan film actress Geetha Kumarasinghe. Title: Sri Lanka Matha Passage: There are differing accounts as to the origin of the Sri Lanka Matha. The most widely held view is that Sri Lankan composer Ananda Samarakoon wrote the music and lyrics to the song inspired / influenced by Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore. A minority suggest that Tagore wrote the anthem in full. Some have suggested that Tagore wrote the music whilst Samarakoon wrote the lyrics. Tagore being directly involved in the creation of the song has been denied by some historians like Indian Lipi Ghosh and Sri Lankan Sandagomi Coperahewa. Samarakoon had been a pupil of Tagore at Visva - Bharati University, Santiniketan. After returning to Ceylon Samarakoon taught music at Mahinda College, Galle. The song, which was then known as Namo Namo Mata, was first sung by students at Mahinda College. After it was sung by the choir from Musaeus College, Colombo at a public event it became hugely popular in Ceylon and was widely played on radio.	[ "Sri Lanka Matha", "Wasana" ]
Where in the colonial holding in the continent Aruba is located that was governed by the country Modicus is located are most of the German descendants located?	mainly in the South Region of the country	[ "South Region" ]	Title: Schaefer Passage: Schaefer is an alternative spelling and cognate for the German word ``Schäfer '', meaning shepherd, which itself descends from the Old High German scāphare. Variants`` Shaefer'', ``Schäfer ''(a standardized spelling in many German - speaking countries after 1880), the additional alternative spelling`` Schäffer'', and the anglicised forms ``Schaeffer '',`` Schaffer'', ``Shaffer '',`` Shafer'', and ``Schafer ''are all common surnames. Title: German South West Africa Passage: German South West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1919. With an area of 835,100 km², it was one and a half times the size of the mainland German Empire in Europe at the time. The colony had a population of around 2,600 Germans. Title: History of Australia Passage: A First Fleet of British ships arrived at Botany Bay in January 1788 to establish a penal colony, the first colony on the Australian mainland. In the century that followed, the British established other colonies on the continent, and European explorers ventured into its interior. Indigenous Australians were greatly weakened and their numbers diminished by introduced diseases and conflict with the colonists during this period. Title: Normans Passage: In 1066, Duke William II of Normandy conquered England killing King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. The invading Normans and their descendants replaced the Anglo-Saxons as the ruling class of England. The nobility of England were part of a single Normans culture and many had lands on both sides of the channel. Early Norman kings of England, as Dukes of Normandy, owed homage to the King of France for their land on the continent. They considered England to be their most important holding (it brought with it the title of King—an important status symbol). Title: Germans Passage: Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.[citation needed] There are an additional 80 million people of German ancestry mainly in the United States, Brazil (mainly in the South Region of the country), Argentina, Canada, South Africa, the post-Soviet states (mainly in Russia and Kazakhstan), and France, each accounting for at least 1 million.[note 2] Thus, the total number of Germans lies somewhere between 100 and more than 150 million, depending on the criteria applied (native speakers, single-ancestry ethnic Germans, partial German ancestry, etc.). Title: History of Australia (1788–1850) Passage: The history of Australia from 1788 -- 1850 covers the early colonial period of Australia's history, from the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Sydney, New South Wales, who established the penal colony, the scientific exploration of the continent and later, establishment of other Australian colonies and the beginnings of representative democratic government. European colonisation would have a devastating effect on the pre-existing population of Indigenous Australians, and debate continues in the 21st century as to whether the colonisation process represented settlement, invasion, or a mixture of both. Title: Portuguese Empire Passage: Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince - regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7, 1822, and was crowned Emperor of the new Empire of Brazil. Unlike the Spanish colonies of South America, Brazil's independence was achieved without significant bloodshed. Title: Temple of the Tooth Passage: Sri Dalada Maligawa or the Temple of the Sacred Tooth Relic is a Buddhist temple in the city of Kandy, Sri Lanka. It is located in the royal palace complex of the former Kingdom of Kandy, which houses the relic of the tooth of the Buddha. Since ancient times, the relic has played an important role in local politics because it is believed that whoever holds the relic holds the governance of the country. Kandy was the last capital of the Sri Lankan kings and is a World Heritage Site mainly due to the temple. Title: Modicus Passage: Movimento Dinâmico e Cultural de Sandim Is an amateur futsal team based in Sandim, Portugal. It plays in Portuguese Futsal First Division. Title: Wally Warning Passage: Ewald "Wally" Warning (born in Aruba, Netherlands Antilles) is a roots, reggae, ragga, gospel and Latin singer living in Munich, Germany. He is the son of Surinamese parents. At the age of 17 he moved from Aruba to the Netherlands, where he had a hit single with "The World Needs Love" in the early 1980s and around 1990 to Germany. He put his singing career on hold while he played bass guitar in touring bands with Sam & Dave and Lightnin' Hopkins, but restarted his solo career in the 2000s. He reached a broad audience when he produced and sang the radio summer hit "No Monkey". The song reached the top thirty in both Austria and Germany. Title: Culture of Aruba Passage: The culture of Aruba, one of the many islands that make up the Caribbean, is an amalgamate of the various cultures that have occupied and lived on the island, including indigenous peoples of South America, descendants of African slaves, and Spanish and Dutch colonialists. Title: Afrika Korps Passage: The Afrika Korps or German Africa Corps (, DAK ) was the German expeditionary force in Africa during the North African Campaign of World War II. First sent as a holding force to shore up the Italian defense of their African colonies, the formation fought on in Africa, under various appellations, from March 1941 until its surrender in May 1943. The unit's best known commander was Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.	[ "Portuguese Empire", "Culture of Aruba", "Germans", "Modicus" ]
When ordering Indian states by population what position is Chatra Lok Sabha constituency's state?	14th	[]	Title: Godda (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Godda Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers the entire Godda district and parts of Deoghar and Dumka districts. Title: Anandrao Vithoba Adsul Passage: He had represented the Amravati constituency in 15th Lok Sabha and Buldhana constituency of Maharashtra in the 14th Lok Sabha, 13th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha. Title: Misrikh (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Misrikh Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. Title: Jharkhand Passage: Jharkhand State of India Seal Location of Jharkhand Map of Jharkhand Coordinates (Ranchi): 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Coordinates: 23 ° 21 ′ N 85 ° 20 ′ E / 23.35 ° N 85.33 ° E / 23.35; 85.33 Country India Region East India Formation 15 November 2000 Capital Ranchi Districts 24 Government Governor Draupadi Murmu Chief Minister Raghubar Das (BJP) Legislature Unicameral (81 seats) Parliamentary constituency 14 High Court Jharkhand High Court Area Total 79,714 km (30,778 sq mi) Area rank 16th Population (2011) Total 32,988,134 Rank 14th Density 414 / km (1,070 / sq mi) Time zone IST (UTC + 05: 30) ISO 3166 code IN - JH HDI 0.376 (low) HDI rank 19th (2007 - 08) Literacy 67.6% (25th) Official language Hindi Additional official language Urdu Website www.jharkhand.gov.in Formed by the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 Title: Betul (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Betul Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It covers the entire Betul and Harda districts and part of Khandwa district. Title: Khammam (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Khammam Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 17 Lok Sabha (Lower House of the Parliament) constituencies in Telangana state in southern India. Title: Valsad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Valsad Lok Sabha constituency (formerly Bulsar Lok Sabha constituency) () is one of the 26 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Gujarat state in western India. This seat is considered a bellwether seat in India. It is believed that the party which wins this seat will form the central government. Title: Gondia (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Gondia Lok Sabha constituency was a Lok Sabha (Parliamentary) constituency of Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was in existence during Lok Sabha elections of 1962 for the 3rd Lok Sabha. It was abolished from next 1967 Lok Sabha elections. It was reserved for Scheduled Caste candidate. Title: Dhanbad (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Dhanbad Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. This constituency covers parts of Bokaro and Dhanbad districts. Title: Anantnag (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Anantnag Lok Sabha constituency is one of the six Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu & Kashmir state in northern India. Title: Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Chatra Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 14 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jharkhand state in eastern India. It covers the entire Chatra and Latehar districts and part of Palamu district Title: Jamui (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Jamui Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 40 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Bihar state in eastern India. This constituency again came into existence in 2008 as a part of the implementation of delimitation of parliamentary constituencies based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted in 2002.	[ "Chatra (Lok Sabha constituency)", "Jharkhand" ]
In which county is James H. Bibb House located?	Morgan County	[ "Morgan County, Georgia" ]	Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: James H. Bibb House Passage: The James H. Bibb House is a historic residence in Madison, Alabama. Bibb was an early landholder in Madison, one of the main proponents of its incorporation in 1869, and distant relative of Alabama's first two governors, William Wyatt Bibb and Thomas Bibb. In 1866, Bibb purchased 300 acres (120 ha) west of the Memphis and Charleston Railroad depot, farming corn and cotton himself on half of it and renting out the other half. He also owned a mercantile business and a steam-powered grist mill in the small town. Title: Madison, Georgia Passage: Madison is a city in Morgan County, Georgia, United States. It is part of the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke-Sandy Springs Combined Statistical Area. The population was 3,636 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Morgan County and the site of the Morgan County Courthouse.	[ "Madison, Georgia", "James H. Bibb House" ]
The 1998 Tour of the country Boesingheliede is located is part of what?	Ronde van Nederland	[ "season" ]	Title: Boesingheliede Passage: Boesingheliede () is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 12 km west of Amsterdam. Title: 1998 Ronde van Nederland Passage: These are the results for the 38th edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 25 to August 29, 1998. The race started in Naaldwijk (Zuid-Holland) and finished in Landgraaf (Limburg). Title: Holland Passage: Holland North and South Holland (in orange) shown together within the Netherlands Country Netherlands Largest settlements List (show) Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Haarlem Zoetermeer Dordrecht Leiden Area Total 5,488 km (2,119 sq mi) Population (January 2017) Total 6,466,735 Density 1,200 / km (3,100 / sq mi) Demonym (s) Hollander Time zone CET (UTC + 1) Summer (DST) CEST (UTC + 2)	[ "Holland", "Boesingheliede", "1998 Ronde van Nederland" ]
On what date did Banjo-Tooie's publisher unveil the new systems?	October 18, 1985	[]	Title: Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down Passage: Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down is the eleventh book in the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series by Jeff Kinney. The book was unveiled during the 2016 Diary of a Wimpy Kid Virtually Live Event. The book was published on November 1, 2016. The real book trailer was released on October 17, 2016. Title: A Morning Passage: A Morning (formerly New Day, Breakfast at The New RO in the case of Ottawa, and A-Channel Morning) is a morning television show that formerly aired on Canada's CHRO-TV in Ottawa and the other stations in the A system (except for A Atlantic). Title: Banjo-Tooie Passage: "Banjo-Tooie" was developed by Rare and designed by Gregg Mayles, who previously worked on "Banjo-Kazooie". Development of the game started in June 1998. Some features that were originally cut during the development of "Banjo-Kazooie", such as some of its worlds and a multiplayer game mode, were instead integrated into "Banjo-Tooie". An additional world set in a castle was planned, but due to time constraints, it was scrapped during development and assets from it were used in constructing Cauldron Keep. The game features roughly 150 total characters, including enemies and non-playable characters. Title: Samsung Galaxy Alpha Passage: Samsung Galaxy Alpha is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics. Unveiled on 13 August 2014, the device was released in September 2014. A high - end device, the Galaxy Alpha is Samsung's first smartphone to incorporate a metallic frame, although the remainder of its physical appearance still resembles previous models such as the Galaxy S5. It also incorporates Samsung's new Exynos 5430 system - on - chip, which is the first mobile system - on - chip to use a 20 nanometer manufacturing process. Title: Banjo-Tooie Passage: Banjo-Tooie is a platform video game developed by Rare and originally released for the Nintendo 64 console in 2000. It is the second game in the "Banjo-Kazooie" series and the sequel to "Banjo-Kazooie". The game follows series protagonists Banjo and Kazooie as they attempt to stop the plans of the witch Gruntilda and her two sisters, who intend to vapourise the inhabitants of the game's world. The game features worlds that are significantly larger than those of its predecessor, requiring the player to complete challenges such as solving puzzles, jumping over obstacles, collecting items, and defeating bosses. It also includes a multiplayer mode where up to four players can compete in several minigames. Title: New York City Subway Passage: The New York City Subway is a rapid transit system owned by the City of New York and leased to the New York City Transit Authority, a subsidiary agency of the state - run Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). Opened in 1904, the New York City Subway is one of the world's oldest public transit systems, one of the world's most used metro systems, and the metro system with the most stations. It offers service 24 hours per day on every day of the year, though some routes may operate only part - time. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom. This is the system which would eventually be officially deployed as the Nintendo Entertainment System, or the colloquial "NES". Nintendo seeded these first systems to limited American test markets starting in New York City on October 18, 1985, following up with a full-fledged North American release of the console in February of the following year. Nintendo released 17 launch titles: 10-Yard Fight, Baseball, Clu Clu Land, Duck Hunt, Excitebike, Golf, Gyromite, Hogan’s Alley, Ice Climber, Kung Fu, Pinball, Soccer, Stack-Up, Tennis, Wild Gunman, Wrecking Crew, and Super Mario Bros.h[›] Some varieties of these launch games contained Famicom chips with an adapter inside the cartridge so they would play on North American consoles, which is why the title screen of Gyromite has the Famicom title "Robot Gyro" and the title screen of Stack-Up has the Famicom title "Robot Block". Title: Scotty Plummer Passage: Scotty Plummer (born circa 1961 – died 1992) was a highly regarded banjo player who made a name for himself as a youngster in both the United States and Canada and earned the title "Prince of Banjo". He also achieved some international fame through touring as a headline act with Liberace in the mid-1970s. Scotty used to attend school at Jameson Hall in San Rafael, CA. The school had an all asphalt playground and on rainy days, Scotty would play his banjo from classroom to classroom to entertain weather trapped students. Title: Book of Mormon Passage: Publishers from different factions of the Latter Day Saint movement have published different chapter and verse notation systems. The two most significant are the LDS system, introduced in 1879, and the RLDS system, which is based on the original 1830 chapter divisions. Title: Billy Redden Passage: Billy Redden (born 1956) is an American actor, best known for his role as a backwoods, mountain boy in the 1972 film Deliverance. He played Lonnie, a banjo - playing teenager in north Georgia, who played the noted ``Dueling Banjos ''with Drew Ballinger (Ronny Cox). The film was critically acclaimed and received nominations for awards in several categories. Title: Billy Redden Passage: Billy Redden (born 1956) is an American actor, best known for his role as a backwoods, mountain boy in the 1972 film Deliverance. He played Lonnie, a banjo - playing teenager of the country in north Georgia, who played the noted ``Dueling Banjos ''with Drew Ballinger (Ronny Cox). The film was critically acclaimed and received nominations for awards in several categories. Title: Hay and Hell and Booligal Passage: Hay and Hell and Booligal is a poem by the Australian bush poet Banjo Paterson. Paterson wrote the poem while working as a solicitor with the firm of Street & Paterson in Sydney. It was first published in "The Bulletin" on 25 April 1896. The poem was later included in Paterson's collection "Rio Grande's Last Race and Other Verses", first published in 1902.	[ "Nintendo Entertainment System", "Banjo-Tooie" ]
Who is the original broadcaster, of the Today show named for the network, that Xinhua accused of biased reporting on April 17 2008?	CNN International	[]	Title: Joia Rara Passage: Joia Rara (, English: officially Precious Pearl; literally Rare Jewel, figuratively Unique Grace) is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by Rede Globo originally ran from 16 September 2013 to 4 April 2014. Title: BeiDou Passage: In 2007, the official Xinhua News Agency reported that the resolution of the BeiDou system was as high as 0.5 metres. With the existing user terminals it appears that the calibrated accuracy is 20m (100m, uncalibrated). Title: CNN Today Passage: CNN Today is a global news program on CNN International aimed as a morning show for Asia. The show airs weekdays from 5am to 5:30am and 6am to 8am HKT. Title: The Voice (Australian season 7) Passage: The Voice Season 7 Broadcast from 15 April -- 17 June 2018 Coaches Delta Goodrem Kelly Rowland Boy George Joe Jonas Host (s) Sonia Kruger Broadcaster Nine Network Winner Sam Perry Origin Perth, Western Australia Song ``Trust Myself ''Genre (s) Pop, Indie Coach Kelly Rowland Runner - up Bella Paige Chronology ◀ 2018 ▶ Title: Confirmation bias Passage: Illusory correlation is the tendency to see non-existent correlations in a set of data. This tendency was first demonstrated in a series of experiments in the late 1960s. In one experiment, participants read a set of psychiatric case studies, including responses to the Rorschach inkblot test. The participants reported that the homosexual men in the set were more likely to report seeing buttocks, anuses or sexually ambiguous figures in the inkblots. In fact the fictional case studies had been constructed so that the homosexual men were no more likely to report this imagery or, in one version of the experiment, were less likely to report it than heterosexual men. In a survey, a group of experienced psychoanalysts reported the same set of illusory associations with homosexuality.Another study recorded the symptoms experienced by arthritic patients, along with weather conditions over a 15-month period. Nearly all the patients reported that their pains were correlated with weather conditions, although the real correlation was zero.This effect is a kind of biased interpretation, in that objectively neutral or unfavorable evidence is interpreted to support existing beliefs. It is also related to biases in hypothesis-testing behavior. In judging whether two events, such as illness and bad weather, are correlated, people rely heavily on the number of positive-positive cases: in this example, instances of both pain and bad weather. They pay relatively little attention to the other kinds of observation (of no pain and/or good weather). This parallels the reliance on positive tests in hypothesis testing. It may also reflect selective recall, in that people may have a sense that two events are correlated because it is easier to recall times when they happened together. Title: Working Lunch Passage: Working Lunch is a television programme broadcast on BBC Two which covers business, personal finance and consumer news, broadcast between 1994 and 2010. The programme was first aired on 19 September 1994. It had a quirky, relaxed style, especially when compared to other BBC business shows such as "World Business Report". In April 2010, the BBC announced that the programme was being cancelled at the end of July 2010. "GMT" with George Alagiah took its place in the schedule at 12:30 on BBC Two. Title: Marcella (TV series) Passage: Series Episodes Originally aired Ave. UK viewers (millions) First aired Last aired 8 4 April 2016 17 May 2016 7.59 8 19 February 2018 9 April 2018 5.12 Title: The Riches Passage: The Riches (styled as the Ri¢hes in promotional material) is an American television series which was originally broadcast from March 12, 2007, to April 29, 2008, on FX. The series starred Eddie Izzard and Minnie Driver. Title: History of radio Passage: On February 17, 1919, station 9XM at the University of Wisconsin in Madison broadcast human speech to the public at large. 9XM was first experimentally licensed in 1914, began regular Morse code transmissions in 1916, and its first music broadcast in 1917. Regularly scheduled broadcasts of voice and music began in January 1921. That station is still on the air today as WHA. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: On April 17, Xinhua condemned what it called "biased coverage of the Lhasa riots and the Olympic torch relay by the U.S.-based Cable News Network (CNN)". The same day, the Chinese government called on CNN to "apologise" for having allegedly insulted the Chinese people, and for "attempting to incite the Chinese people against the government". CNN issued a statement on April 14, responded to China over 'thugs and goons' comment by Jack Cafferty. Title: The Foxxhole Passage: The Foxxhole was an uncensored comedy channel on Sirius XM Radio channel 96. Presented by actor / comedian / musician Jamie Foxx, the network broadcasts a variety of comedy and urban music such as hip - hop and R&B in addition to live talk shows broadcast during the weekdays. The channel originally debuted on Sirius 106 on May 17, 2007, and began broadcasting simultaneously on XM 149 on November 12, 2008, until both services moved The Foxxhole to channel 96 on May 4, 2011. Title: 2011 Yunnan earthquake Passage: The 2011 Yunnan earthquake was a 5.4 magnitude earthquake that occurred on 10 March 2011 at 12:58 CST, with its epicenter in Yingjiang County, Yunnan, People's Republic of China, near the Burmese border. A total of 26 people died and 313 were injured with 133 in serious condition. China's Xinhua reports that up to seven aftershocks, measuring up to a magnitude of 4.7, followed the initial quake, which caused a total of 127,000 people to be evacuated to nearby shelters. It joined over 1,000 other minor tremors that affected the region in the two preceding months. Following damage surveys, officials reported that 1,039 buildings were destroyed and 4,994 more were seriously damaged. The earthquake occurred one day before a much larger earthquake struck Japan that also formed a tsunami.	[ "CNN Today", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
In 2018, who was elected mayor of the city which was Mythbusters' narrative location?	former Acting Mayor London Breed	[ "London Breed" ]	Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Ann Arbor has a council-manager form of government. The City Council has 11 voting members: the mayor and 10 city council members. The mayor and city council members serve two-year terms: the mayor is elected every even-numbered year, while half of the city council members are up for election annually (five in even-numbered and five in odd-numbered years). Two council members are elected from each of the city's five wards. The mayor is elected citywide. The mayor is the presiding officer of the City Council and has the power to appoint all Council committee members as well as board and commission members, with the approval of the City Council. The current mayor of Ann Arbor is Christopher Taylor, a Democrat who was elected as mayor in 2014. Day-to-day city operations are managed by a city administrator chosen by the city council. Title: 2018 San Francisco mayoral special election Passage: Eight candidates qualified to appear on the ballot, and a ninth qualified as a write - in. The four major candidates were former Supervisor Angela Alioto, former Acting Mayor London Breed, Supervisor Jane Kim and former State Senator Mark Leno. All four main candidates identify as Democrats, though the position is officially nonpartisan per the Constitution of California. Leno conceded the race to Breed on June 13. Title: Sigmund Steinnes Passage: In the 2013 elections he was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Troms. He met during 90 days of parliamentary session. In the 2011 elections he was elected as the mayor of Storfjord. He died of cancer on 15 November 2018, aged 59. Title: Corbin Van Arsdale Passage: Corbin Van Arsdale (born December 17, 1969), is an attorney in Austin, Texas, who is a Republican former member of the Texas House of Representatives. From 2003 to 2008, he represented District 130 outside Houston in northwestern Harris County. He resigned a few weeks before the expiration of his last term in office. In 2014, he was elected a non-partisan position to the city council of Cedar Park in the Austin area. In 2018, after serving two terms on the council, he was elected as mayor, winning with 70% of the vote. Title: M5 Industries Passage: M5 Industries (M5i) is a special effects company located in San Francisco, California, best known as the working lab of the TV series "MythBusters". M5 once produced special effects props for commercials and film, stop motion animation, and animatronic puppets, such as those seen in "James and the Giant Peach" and "The Nightmare Before Christmas". They also extend into prototype development and various display projects. Title: Warsaw Passage: The mayor of Warsaw is called President. Generally, in Poland, the mayors of bigger cities are called presidents – i.e. such cities, which have over 100,000 people or these, where already was president before 1990. The first Warsaw President was Jan Andrzej Menich (1695–1696). Between 1975 and 1990 the Warsaw Presidents was simultaneously the Warsaw Voivode. Since 1990 the President of Warsaw had been elected by the City council. In the years of 1994–1999 the mayor of the district Centrum automatically was designated as the President of Warsaw: the mayor of Centrum was elected by the district council of Centrum and the council was elected only by the Centrum residents. Since 2002 the President of Warsaw is elected by all of the citizens of Warsaw. Title: 2017 Cincinnati mayoral election Passage: The 2017 Cincinnati mayoral election took place on November 7, 2017, to elect the Mayor of Cincinnati, Ohio. The election was officially nonpartisan, with the top two candidates from the May 2 primary election advancing to the general election, regardless of party. Incumbent Democratic Mayor John Cranley won re-election to a second term. Title: Houston Passage: The city of Houston has a strong mayoral form of municipal government. Houston is a home rule city and all municipal elections in the state of Texas are nonpartisan. The City's elected officials are the mayor, city controller and 16 members of the Houston City Council. The current mayor of Houston is Sylvester Turner, a Democrat elected on a nonpartisan ballot. Houston's mayor serves as the city's chief administrator, executive officer, and official representative, and is responsible for the general management of the city and for seeing that all laws and ordinances are enforced. Title: Ljubljana Passage: Between 2002 and 2006, Danica Simšič was mayor of the municipality. Since the municipal elections of 22 October 2006 until his confirmation as a deputy in the National Assembly of Slovenian in December 2011, Zoran Janković, previously the managing director of the Mercator retail chain, was the mayor of Ljubljana. In 2006, he won 62.99% of the popular vote. On 10 October 2010, Janković was re-elected for another four-year term with 64.79% of the vote. From 2006 until October 2010, the majority on the city council (the Zoran Janković List) held 23 of 45 seats. On 10 October 2010, Janković's list won 25 out of 45 seats in the city council. From December 2011 onwards, when Janković's list won the early parliamentary election, the deputy mayor Aleš Čerin was decided by him to lead the municipality. Čerin did not hold the post of mayor. After Janković had failed to be elected as the Prime Minister in the National Assembly, he participated at the mayoral by-election on 25 March 2012 and was elected for the third time with 61% of the vote. He retook the leadership of the city council on 11 April 2012. Title: 2017 Boston mayoral election Passage: Boston mayoral election, 2017 ← 2013 November 7, 2017 2021 → Candidate Marty Walsh Tito Jackson Party Nonpartisan Nonpartisan Popular vote 70,125 36,433 Percentage 65.3% 33.9% Mayor before election Marty Walsh Elected Mayor Marty Walsh Title: 2018 Michigan gubernatorial election Passage: The Michigan gubernatorial election of 2018 will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor of Michigan, concurrently with the election of Michigan's Class I U.S. Senate seat, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Title: 2017 New Orleans mayoral election Passage: New Orleans mayoral election, 2017 ← 2014 October 14 and November 18, 2017 2021 → Candidate LaToya Cantrell Desiree M. Charbonnet Party Democratic Democratic Popular vote 51,342 33,729 Percentage 60.4% 39.7% Mayor before election Mitch Landrieu Democratic Elected Mayor LaToya Cantrell Democratic	[ "2018 San Francisco mayoral special election", "M5 Industries" ]
When was the last earthquake in the country where Ayutuxtepeque is located?	2001 - 02 - 13	[]	Title: Ayutuxtepeque Passage: Ayutuxtepeque is a municipality in the San Salvador department of El Salvador. It is one of the nine municipalities that make up the San Salvador Metropolitan Area (AMSS). The name of the municipality means "Armadillos Hill(or Mountain)" Title: List of earthquakes in El Salvador Passage: 2001 El Salvador earthquake 200102130000 2001 - 02 - 13 13 ° 40 ′ N 88 ° 56 ′ W / 13.67 ° N 88.93 ° W / 13.67; - 88.93 Cojutepeque 6.6 VI 10 km Intensity VI in San Salvador. 315 Title: Thurian Age Passage: A great cataclysm ends the Thurian Age some time after the Kull stories. Several countries sink into the sea, others rise from it, and the rest is devastated by earthquakes and volcanoes. Civilization is destroyed and the survivors attempt to build a new culture but warfare and a Lesser Cataclysm strike, creating the Hyborian "Vilayet Sea" and destroying any last remnants of Thurian society.	[ "List of earthquakes in El Salvador", "Ayutuxtepeque" ]
Who was the mother of the person under whom the empire that colonized Nasser's country in the 1st century BC reached its greatest extent?	Marcia	[]	Title: History of Egypt Passage: In 332 BC, Macedonian ruler Alexander the Great conquered Egypt as he toppled the Achaemenids and established the Hellenistic Ptolemaic Kingdom, whose first ruler was one of Alexander's former generals, Ptolemy I Soter. The Ptolemies had to fight native rebellions and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its final annexation by Rome. The death of Cleopatra ended the nominal independence of Egypt resulting in Egypt becoming one of the provinces of the Roman Empire. Title: Trajan Passage: Marcus Ulpius Traianus was born on 18 September 53AD in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), in the city of Italica (now in the municipal area of Santiponce, in the outskirts of Seville). Although frequently designated the first provincial emperor, and dismissed by later writers such as Cassius Dio (himself of provincial origin) as "an Iberian, and neither an Italian nor even an Italiot", Trajan appears to have hailed on his father's side from the area of Tuder (modern Todi) in Umbria, at the border with Etruria, and on his mother's side from the Gens Marcia, of an Italic family of Sabine origin. Trajan's birthplace of Italica was founded as a Roman military colony of "Italian" settlers in 206BC, though it is unknown when the Ulpii arrived there. It is possible, but cannot be substantiated, that Trajan's ancestors married local women and lost their citizenship at some point, but they certainly recovered their status when the city became a municipium with Latin citizenship in the mid-1st century BC. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: Under Tito's leadership, Yugoslavia became a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement. In 1961, Tito co-founded the movement with Egypt's Gamal Abdel Nasser, India's Jawaharlal Nehru, Indonesia's Sukarno and Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah, in an action called The Initiative of Five (Tito, Nehru, Nasser, Sukarno, Nkrumah), thus establishing strong ties with third world countries. This move did much to improve Yugoslavia's diplomatic position. On 1 September 1961, Josip Broz Tito became the first Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement. Title: Roman Empire Passage: The imperial period of Rome lasted approximately 1,500 years compared to the 500 years of the Republican era. The first two centuries of the empire's existence were a period of unprecedented political stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana, or ``Roman Peace ''. Following Octavian's victory, the size of the empire was dramatically increased. After the assassination of Caligula in AD 41, the Senate briefly considered restoring the republic, but the Praetorian Guard proclaimed Claudius emperor instead. Under Claudius, the empire invaded Britannia, its first major expansion since Augustus. After Claudius' successor, Nero, committed suicide in AD 68, the empire suffered a series of brief civil wars, as well as a concurrent major rebellion in Judea, during which four different legionary generals were proclaimed emperor. Vespasian emerged triumphant in AD 69, establishing the Flavian dynasty, before being succeeded by his son Titus, who opened the Colosseum shortly after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. His short reign was followed by the long reign of his brother Domitian, who was eventually assassinated. The Senate then appointed the first of the Five Good Emperors. The empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan, the second in this line.	[ "History of Egypt", "Roman Empire", "Josip Broz Tito", "Trajan" ]
Who operates the Embassy of Northern Cyprus in the place where Ali Babacan was born?	Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	[ "Northern Cyprus", "Turkish Cypriot state", "TRNC", "Republic of Northern Cyprus", "The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" ]	Title: Eurocypria Airlines Passage: Eurocypria was established on 25 March 1992 as a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyprus Airways, as the first Cyprus based charter airline. Operations began on 12 June 1992 with two new Airbus A320 aircraft. Two more were added later. Since 2001, the airline has operated scheduled services from Cyprus, and charter flights. Title: Ali Babacan Passage: Ali Babacan (; born 4 April 1967 in Ankara, Turkey) is a Turkish politician. He is member of the parliament and former Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey responsible for the Economy. He first served as the Minister of State in charge of economic affairs in the 58th cabinet from the Justice and Development Party (AK Party). He retained this position throughout the 58th and 59th Governments of the Republic of Turkey. On 29 August 2007 he was appointed as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the 60th Government of the Republic of Turkey. During 2009–2015 he served as the Deputy Prime Minister for Economic and Financial Affairs of Turkey. He is married with three children. In 2019, Babacan left the AKP, citing “deep differences” over the party’s direction as a reason. Title: Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara Passage: This embassy was established in late 1983 shortly after Turkey signed a treaty with the TRNC recognizing the November 15 1983 Declaration of Independence of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The embassy itself is located in the Ankara suburb of Gaziosmanpaşa (not to be confused by the Istanbul suburb of the same name).	[ "Embassy of Northern Cyprus, Ankara", "Ali Babacan" ]
Where was the creator of the paintings named for Saleh Al-Buraiki's birthplace born?	Beirut	[]	Title: Saleh Al-Dawod Passage: Saleh Al-Dawod (24 September 1968, Dir'iya, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) is a former football player. He was part of the squad for the Saudi Arabia national team in the 1994 FIFA World Cup in the United States. Title: War on Terror Passage: On 14 September 2009, U.S. Special Forces killed two men and wounded and captured two others near the Somali village of Baarawe. Witnesses claim that helicopters used for the operation launched from French-flagged warships, but that could not be confirmed. A Somali-based al-Qaida affiliated group, the Al-Shabaab, has confirmed the death of "sheik commander" Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan along with an unspecified number of militants. Nabhan, a Kenyan, was wanted in connection with the 2002 Mombasa attacks. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone. Title: Mali Passage: In 2007, about 48 percent of Malians were younger than 12 years old, 49 percent were 15–64 years old, and 3 percent were 65 and older. The median age was 15.9 years. The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman. The death rate in 2007 was 16.5 deaths per 1,000. Life expectancy at birth was 53.06 years total (51.43 for males and 54.73 for females). Mali has one of the world's highest rates of infant mortality, with 106 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2007. Title: Lucky Whitehead Passage: Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR Title: Saleh Al-Buraiki Passage: Saleh Al-Buraiki is a kuwait football Midfielder who played for Kuwait in the 2000 Summer Olympics. He also played for Al-Salmiya Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Place des Martyres (paintings) Passage: Place des Martyres is the title of a series of over 250 watercolors and drawings executed in New York and Beirut between 1971 and 1974 by Nabil Kanso. The subjects of the works in the series are based on the women headquartered in the red-light district of Beirut city center called el Bourj, and after World War I named Place des Martyrs French for Martyrs’ Place in memory of dozens of Arab nationalists who were hanged in 1915-16 during Ottoman rule. Title: Gestation Passage: In humans, birth normally occurs at a gestational age of about 40 weeks, though it is common for births to occur from 37 to 42 weeks. After 8 weeks, the embryo is called a fetus. Title: Kuwait (Kanso series) Passage: Kuwait is a group of approximately 40 paintings made by Nabil Kanso in 1990-91 on the Gulf War and Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. The works in the series were first exhibited in Kuwait in March – April 1992 at the Free Atelier Art Center and traveled in June to Caracas for a special exhibit at the Palacio de Gobierno in honor of the Emir of Kuwait’s visit to Venezuela. Then, the exhibition proceeded to Geneva and was held at the Red Cross Museum in July – August 1992. Title: Al Halfout Passage: Al Halfout () is a 1985 film and satire written by Wahid Hamids and directed by Samir Seif and Mustafa Gamaleddin. The cast includes Adel Emam, Ilham Chahine, Saeed Saleh and Salah Kabil. Filming of "Al Halfout" occurred mainly in Egypt. The film takes a satirical look at Egypt's government and its attitude to the poor. Title: Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas Passage: Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas () (born April 5, 1939) was appointed Prime Minister of Yemen by President Ali Abdullah Saleh when the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and Yemen Arab Republic united in 1990 to form present-day Yemen. Al-Attas served until 1994. He is a member of the Yemeni Socialist Party.	[ "Saleh Al-Buraiki", "Place des Martyres (paintings)", "Kuwait (Kanso series)" ]
In what year did Sang Nila Utama come to the city that was the regional leader in tourism in 1995?	1299	[]	Title: Galicia (Spain) Passage: Galicia was late to catch the tourism boom that has swept Spain in recent decades, but the coastal regions (especially the Rías Baixas and Santiago de Compostela) are now significant tourist destinations and are especially popular with visitors from other regions in Spain, where the majority of tourists come from. In 2007, 5.7 million tourists visited Galicia, an 8% growth over the previous year, and part of a continual pattern of growth in this sector. 85% of tourists who visit Galicia visit Santiago de Compostela. Tourism constitutes 12% of Galician GDP and employs about 12% of the regional workforce. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Tourism has been a key factor in economic development for many Southeast Asian countries, especially Cambodia. According to UNESCO, "tourism, if correctly conceived, can be a tremendous development tool and an effective means of preserving the cultural diversity of our planet." Since the early 1990s, "even the non-ASEAN nations such as Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Burma, where the income derived from tourism is low, are attempting to expand their own tourism industries." In 1995, Singapore was the regional leader in tourism receipts relative to GDP at over 8%. By 1998, those receipts had dropped to less than 6% of GDP while Thailand and Lao PDR increased receipts to over 7%. Since 2000, Cambodia has surpassed all other ASEAN countries and generated almost 15% of its GDP from tourism in 2006. Title: This Guy's in Love with You Passage: ``This Guy's in Love with You ''is a song written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, and recorded by Herb Alpert. Although known primarily for his trumpet playing as the leader of the Tijuana Brass, Alpert sang lead vocals on this solo recording, arranged by Bacharach. Title: Kathmandu Passage: Since then, tourism in Nepal has thrived; it is the country's most important industry.[citation needed] Tourism is a major source of income for most of the people in the city, with several hundred thousand visitors annually. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the world visit Kathmandu's religious sites such as Pashupatinath, Swayambhunath, Boudhanath and Budhanilkantha. From a mere 6,179 tourists in 1961/62, the number jumped to 491,504 in 1999/2000. Following the end of the Maoist insurgency, there was a significant rise of 509,956 tourist arrivals in 2009. Since then, tourism has improved as the country turned into a Democratic Republic. In economic terms, the foreign exchange registered 3.8% of the GDP in 1995/96 but then started declining[why?]. The high level of tourism is attributed to the natural grandeur of the Himalayas and the rich cultural heritage of the country. Title: Sang Nila Utama Passage: Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijaya prince from Palembang said to have founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299. His official title adopted upon his coronation, was Sri Maharaja Sang Utama Parameswara Batara Sri Tri Buana, which can be translated as ``Central Lord King of the Three Worlds ''. The`` Three Worlds'' may refer to the three realms of the universe -- the heaven of the gods, the world of humans, and the underworld of demons. A few early kings in South East Asia had used the title Sri Tri Buana or ``Lord of the Three Worlds ''. He died in 1347; his son, Paduka Seri Wikrama Wira succeeded him. The account of his life is given in the Malay Annals. However, the historicity of the events as given in the Malay Annals is debated by scholars, and some believe that Sang Nila Utama may be a mythical person. Title: Lindblad Cove Passage: Lindblad Cove () is a cove, wide, between Almond Point and Auster Point in Charcot Bay, Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1995 in commemoration of Lars-Eric Lindblad, a pioneer in Antarctic tourism. A noted conservationist, Lindblad operated the first cruise to Antarctica in 1966 and was a leader in the concept of expedition tourism as a means of environmental awareness. Title: Sonja Lumme Passage: Sonja Lumme (born 6 October 1961, in Kristinestad) is a singer in Finland who represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 in which she sang Eläköön elämä. She got 58 points and came 9th place overall. Lumme made further attempts to represent Finland, participating in the 1988 Finnish final and in 1989, she came fifth with "Rakkauden Laulut". Her final attempt was in 1992 with the song "Rakkauden bulevardi" which came third. Title: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives Passage: Traditionally, the Speaker is reckoned as the leader of the majority party in the House, with the Majority Leader as second - in - command. For instance, when the Republicans gained the majority in the House after the 2010 elections, Eric Cantor succeeded Boehner as Majority Leader. Despite this, Cantor and his successor, Kevin McCarthy, have been reckoned as the second - ranking Republicans in the House, since Boehner is still reckoned as the leader of the House Republicans. However, there have been some exceptions. The most recent exception to this rule came when Majority Leader Tom DeLay generally overshadowed Speaker Dennis Hastert from 2003 to 2006. In contrast, the Minority Leader is the undisputed leader of the minority party. Title: Bjørn Lødemel Passage: Bjørn Lødemel (born 19 August 1958) is a Norwegian politician and a member of the Conservative Party of Norway (Høyre). He was elected to the Stortinget from Sogn og Fjordane in 2009. He had been mayor of Hornindal municipality since 1995, and a member of the council since 1991. He has also been regional council leader, and is the leader of Sogn og Fjordane Conservative Party. Title: Jalan Damansara Passage: Jalan Damansara is a major road in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One of the oldest roads in the city, it currently serves as a link between the Damansara sections of Petaling Jaya and Kuala Lumpur (from Bandar Sri Damansara through to the Petaling Jaya suburbs of Bandar Utama and Damansara Utama and then to the heart of Kuala Lumpur through its suburbs of Taman Tun Dr. Ismail and Bukit Damansara). Title: Alan Wilson (musician) Passage: Alan Christie Wilson (July 4, 1943 -- September 3, 1970) was a co-founder, leader, and primary composer for the American blues band Canned Heat. He played harmonica, guitar, and sang with the group live and on recordings. Wilson was lead singer on Canned Heat's two biggest U.S. hit singles. His death at age 27 prefigured that of some of the other rock artists of the 1960s. Title: Bethlehem Passage: On December 21, 1995, Israeli troops withdrew from Bethlehem, and three days later the city came under the complete administration and military control of the Palestinian National Authority in conformance with the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip in 1995.	[ "Southeast Asia", "Sang Nila Utama" ]
Who was in charge of the country where Dokmir is located?	Aleksandar Vučić	[]	Title: Tesla, Inc. Passage: The Tesla Roadster (2008) was the first production automobile to use lithium - ion battery cells and the first production EV with a range greater than 200 mi (320 km) per charge. Between 2008 and March 2012, Tesla sold more than 2,250 Roadsters in 31 countries. Tesla stopped taking orders for the Roadster in the U.S. market in August 2011. Title: Tuition fees in the United Kingdom Passage: Tuition fees were first introduced across the entire United Kingdom in September 1998 under the Labour government as a means of funding tuition to undergraduate and postgraduate certificate students at universities, with students being required to pay up to £1,000 a year for tuition. However, as a result of the establishment of devolved national administrations for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, different arrangements now exist with regard to the charging of tuition fees in each of the countries of the United Kingdom. Title: United States Postal Service Passage: The official post office was created in 1792 as the Post Office Department (USPOD). It was based on the Constitutional authority empowering Congress ``To establish post offices and post roads ''. The 1792 law provided for a greatly expanded postal network, and served editors by charging newspapers an extremely low rate. The law guaranteed the sanctity of personal correspondence, and provided the entire country with low - cost access to information on public affairs, while establishing a right to personal privacy. Title: Serbia Passage: The President of the Republic ("Predsednik Republike") is the head of state, is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and is limited by the Constitution to a maximum of two terms. In addition to being the commander in chief of the armed forces, the president has the procedural duty of appointing the prime minister with the consent of the parliament, and has some influence on foreign policy. Aleksandar Vučić of the Serbian Progressive Party is the current president following the 2017 presidential election. Seat of the presidency is Novi Dvor. Title: Nissan Leaf Passage: The Nissan Leaf (Japanese: 日産リーフ) is a compact five - door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2018 model year Leaf is 243 km (151 miles) on a full battery charge. The battery can be charged from empty to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging. Title: Mass-to-charge ratio Passage: In the 19th century, the mass - to - charge ratios of some ions were measured by electrochemical methods. In 1897, the mass - to - charge ratio of the electron was first measured by J.J. Thomson. By doing this, he showed that the electron was in fact a particle with a mass and a charge, and that its mass - to - charge ratio was much smaller than that of the hydrogen ion H. In 1898, Wilhelm Wien separated ions (canal rays) according to their mass - to - charge ratio with an ion optical device with superimposed electric and magnetic fields (Wien filter). In 1901 Walter Kaufman measured the increase of electromagnetic mass of fast electrons (Kaufmann -- Bucherer -- Neumann experiments), or relativistic mass increase in modern terms. In 1913, Thomson measured the mass - to - charge ratio of ions with an instrument he called a parabola spectrograph. Today, an instrument that measures the mass - to - charge ratio of charged particles is called a mass spectrometer. Title: USB Passage: Two types of charging port exist: the charging downstream port (CDP), supporting data transfers as well, and the dedicated charging port (DCP), without data support. A portable device can recognize the type of USB port; on a dedicated charging port, the D+ and D− pins are shorted with a resistance not exceeding 200 ohms, while charging downstream ports provide additional detection logic so their presence can be determined by attached devices. (see ref pg. 2, Section 1.4.5, & Table 5-3 "Resistances"—pg. 29). Title: Dokmir Passage: Dokmir is a village in the municipality of Ub, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 431 people. Title: Electric charge Passage: Charge is the fundamental property of forms of matter that exhibit electrostatic attraction or repulsion in the presence of other matter. Electric charge is a characteristic property of many subatomic particles. The charges of free - standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e; we say that electric charge is quantized. Michael Faraday, in his electrolysis experiments, was the first to note the discrete nature of electric charge. Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment demonstrated this fact directly, and measured the elementary charge. It has been discovered that one type of particle, quarks, have fractional charges of either − 1 / 3 or + 2 / 3, but it is believed they always occur in multiples of integral charge; free - standing quarks have never been observed. Title: Electric charge Passage: Electric charge Electric field of a positive and a negative point charge Common symbols Q SI unit coulomb Other units elementary charge faraday ampere - hour In SI base units C = A s Extensive? yes Conserved? yes Dimension Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: USB Passage: The USB Battery Charging Specification Revision 1.1 (released in 2007) defines a new type of USB port, called the charging port. Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation. A charging port supplies up to 500 mA at 5 V, up to the rated current at 3.6 V or more, and drops its output voltage if the portable device attempts to draw more than the rated current. The charger port may shut down if the load is too high.	[ "Serbia", "Dokmir" ]
When did trolleys stop running in Marie Hall's birthplace?	2 October 1966	[]	Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: In Methodism, Mary is honored as the Mother of God. Methodists do not have any additional teachings on the Virgin Mary except from what is mentioned in Scripture and the ecumenical Creeds. As such, Methodists believe that Mary was conceived in her womb through the Holy Ghost and accept the doctrine of the Virgin Birth, although they, along with Orthodox Christians and other Protestant Christians, reject the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception. John Wesley, the principal founder of the Methodist movement within the Church of England, believed that Mary "continued a pure and unspotted virgin", thus upholding the doctrine of the perpetual virginity of Mary. Contemporary Methodism does hold that Mary was a virgin before, during, and immediately after the birth of Christ. In addition, some Methodists also hold the doctrine of the Assumption of Mary as a pious opinion. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone. Title: Princess Joséphine Marie of Belgium Passage: Princess Joséphine Marie of Belgium (30 November 1870 — 18 January 1871) was the daughter of Prince Philippe, Count of Flanders, and Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. She was the older twin to Princess Henriette of Belgium. In 1872 Joséphine Marie's mother gave birth to another daughter, who was named Joséphine in her memory. Title: Ottumwa City Hall Passage: Ottumwa City Hall is the official seat of government for the city of Ottumwa, Iowa, United States. The building originally served as a post office and federal courthouse. It is part of the Central Park area, which includes: Ottumwa Public Library, Wapello County Courthouse and St. Mary of the Visitation Catholic Church. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976. Title: List of neighborhoods in Seattle Passage: Seattle, Washington contains many districts and neighborhoods. Former Seattle mayor Greg Nickels has called Seattle "a city of neighborhoods". Early European settlers established widely scattered settlements on the surrounding hills, which grew into neighborhoods and autonomous towns. Conurbations tended to grow from such towns or from unincorporated areas around trolley stops from the 19th century and early 20th century. Consequently, Seattle has suffered from transportation and street-naming problems. Title: Marie Hall Passage: Hall was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. She received her first lessons from her father, who was a harpist in the orchestra of the Carl Rosa Opera Company. She also studied with a local teacher, Hildegarde Werner. Title: Turnham Green tube station Passage: Turnham Green is a London Underground station in Chiswick of the London Borough of Hounslow, west London. The station is served by the District and Piccadilly lines although currently Piccadilly line trains normally stop at the station only at the beginning and end of the day, running through non-stop at other times. To the east, District line trains stop at Stamford Brook and Piccadilly line trains stop at Hammersmith. To the west, District line trains run to either Chiswick Park or Gunnersbury and Piccadilly line trains stop at Acton Town. The station is in both Travelcard Zone 2 and Zone 3. Title: London Passage: London's bus network is one of the largest in the world, running 24 hours a day, with about 8,500 buses, more than 700 bus routes and around 19,500 bus stops. In 2013, the network had more than 2 billion commuter trips per annum, more than the Underground. Around £850 million is taken in revenue each year. London has the largest wheelchair accessible network in the world and, from the 3rd quarter of 2007, became more accessible to hearing and visually impaired passengers as audio-visual announcements were introduced. The distinctive red double-decker buses are an internationally recognised trademark of London transport along with black cabs and the Tube. Title: New York Trolley Company Passage: The New York Trolley Company is a trolley rental service based in New York, NY. The company was founded in 2009 by David S. Pike. Their fleet of tourist trolleys cater to events such as weddings, pub crawls, corporate events, birthday parties, and bachelorette parties. They serve the five boroughs, Long Island, and parts of New Jersey and Connecticut. Title: Trolleybuses in Newcastle upon Tyne Passage: By the standards of the various now - defunct trolleybus systems in the United Kingdom, the Newcastle system was a large one, with a total of 28 routes, and a maximum fleet of 204 trolleybuses. It finished on 2 October 1966 (1966 - 10 - 02). Title: Connecticut Trolley Museum Passage: The Connecticut Trolley Museum is the oldest incorporated museum dedicated to electric railroading in the United States, as it was founded in 1940. Title: Sifton, Washington Passage: Sifton is a neighborhood of Vancouver in Clark County, Washington, United States along State Route 500. It is located within incorporated city boundaries. It is notable for being the terminus of an early electric trolley operated by the Northcoast Power Company that also served nearby Orchards from 1910 until 1926. The trolleys made ten stops and ran once per hour, charging 15 cents each way. A mural in the heart of Orchards depicts the trolley and the rural character of the area at the time it was operating.	[ "Marie Hall", "Trolleybuses in Newcastle upon Tyne" ]
Who refuted the statement that the Queen was critical of the organization that made a statement about chemical used in warfare?	Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg	[ "Nick Clegg" ]	Title: Douma chemical attack Passage: European Union – In a statement, the EU said "the evidence points towards yet another chemical attack by the regime" and "it is a matter of grave concern that chemical weapons continue to be used, especially on civilians. The European Union condemns in the strongest terms the use of chemical weapons and calls for an immediate response by the international community". It also called for the United Nations Security Council to identify the perpetrators and for Russia and Iran to influence Assad against launching such attacks. United Nations – On 10 April 2018, the United Nations Security Council failed to adopt three competing resolutions on an inquiry into the chemical attack, with Russia and the United States clashing over the issue and exchanging military threats.The World Health Organization released a statement, with a reference to outside medical sources, that 43 people died while suffering "symptoms consistent with exposure to highly toxic chemicals." Title: The Sun (United Kingdom) Passage: On 9 March 2016, The Sun's front page proclaimed that Queen Elizabeth II was backing "Brexit", a common term for a British withdrawal from the European Union. It claimed that in 2011 at Windsor Castle, while having lunch with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, the monarch criticised the union. Clegg denied that the Queen made such a statement, and a Buckingham Palace spokesperson confirmed that a complaint had been made to the Independent Press Standards Organisation over a breach of guidelines relating to accuracy. Title: Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary Passage: The Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary is a private, non-profit institution of higher education associated with the Southern Baptist Convention; the seminary was established in 1908, and is located in Fort Worth, Texas. It is one of the largest seminaries in the world and is accredited by the Association of Theological Schools in the United States and Canada and also by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools to award diploma, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees. The school uses the Baptist Faith and Message (2000) as its confessional statement (see the "Southwestern Declaration on Academic and Theological Integrity") Its stand on inerrancy and gender is as stated in the Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy, which states that science cannot override scriptural statements on creation and the flood, and the Danvers Statement on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood.	[ "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "Douma chemical attack" ]
Who was the first president of the country where Obock is located?	Hassan Gouled Aptidon	[]	Title: Abdallah Mohamed Kamil Passage: Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (عبد الله محمد كامل) (born 1936, in Obock) is a Djiboutian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the country from 5 February 1978 to 2 October 1978. Title: Somalis Passage: A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991). Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau.	[ "Somalis", "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil" ]
In 2008, how many supporters of the region where the Sino-Nepalese war occurred, were expected in Canberra to protest?	600	[]	Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Up to 600 pro-Tibet protesters were expected to attend the relay, along with between 2,000 and 10,000 Chinese supporters. Taking note of the high number of Chinese supporters, Ted Quinlan, head of the Canberra torch relay committee, said: "We didn't expect this reaction from the Chinese community. It is obviously a well-coordinated plan to take the day by weight of numbers. But we have assurances that it will be done peacefully.". Also, Australia's ACT Chief Minister, Jon Stanhope confirmed that the Chinese embassy was closely involve to ensure that "pro-China demonstrators vastly outnumbered Tibetan activists." Australian freestyle swimmer and five-time Olympic gold medalist Ian Thorpe ended the Australian leg of the torch relay April 24, 2008, touching the flame to light a cauldron after a run that was only marginally marked by protests. People demonstrated both for China and for Tibet. At least five people were arrested during the torch relay. Police said "the five were arrested for interfering with the event under special powers enacted in the wake of massive protests against Chinese policy toward Tibet." At one point, groups of Chinese students surrounded and intimidated pro-Tibet protesters. One person had to be pulled aboard a police launch when a group of pro-Chinese students looked like they might force him into the lake. Title: Caste system in Nepal Passage: The Nepalese caste system is the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. The Nepalese caste system broadly borrows the classical Hindu Chaturvarnashram model consisting of four broad social classes or varna: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Sudra. Title: Sino-Nepalese War Passage: The Sino-Nepalese War (), also known as the Sino-Gorkha war and in Chinese the Campaign of Gorkha (), was an invasion of Tibet by Nepal from 1788-1792. The war was initially fought between Nepalese and Tibetan armies over a trade dispute related to a long-standing problem of low-quality coins manufactured by Nepal for Tibet. The Nepalese Army under Bahadur Shah plundered Tibet under Qing rule and Tibetans signed the Treaty of Kerung paying annual tribute to Nepal. However, Tibetans requested for Chinese intervention and Sino-Tibetan forces under Fuk'anggan raided Nepal up to Nuwakot only to face strong Nepalese counterattack. Thus, both countries signed the Treaty of Betrawati as a stalemate.	[ "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "Sino-Nepalese War" ]
Which is the body of water by the city with the headquarters of Liverpool F.C.'s owner?	Mystic River	[]	Title: Boston Passage: Boston is surrounded by the "Greater Boston" region and is contiguously bordered by the cities and towns of Winthrop, Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Watertown, Newton, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, Milton, and Quincy. The Charles River separates Boston from Watertown and the majority of Cambridge, and the mass of Boston from its own Charlestown neighborhood. To the east lie Boston Harbor and the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (which includes part of the city's territory, specifically Calf Island, Gallops Island, Great Brewster Island, Green Island, Little Brewster Island, Little Calf Island, Long Island, Lovells Island, Middle Brewster Island, Nixes Mate, Outer Brewster Island, Rainsford Island, Shag Rocks, Spectacle Island, The Graves, and Thompson Island). The Neponset River forms the boundary between Boston's southern neighborhoods and the city of Quincy and the town of Milton. The Mystic River separates Charlestown from Chelsea and Everett, and Chelsea Creek and Boston Harbor separate East Boston from Downtown, the North End, and the Seaport. Title: Fenway Sports Group Passage: FSG was founded in 2001 as New England Sports Ventures (NESV) when John W. Henry joined forces with Tom Werner, Les Otten, The New York Times Company, and other investors to successfully bid for the Red Sox. NESV formally announced its name change to Fenway Sports Group in March 2011. Title: Fenway Sports Management Passage: Fenway Sports Management (FSM) is a company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts established by Fenway Sports Group (FSG) in 2004. It styles itself as a "new kind of sports marketing agency," created by FSG to expand its footprint beyond its most famous holdings, the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball and Fenway Park. Fenway Sports Management specializes in sponsorship sales and brand management consulting, and serves as the global sports sponsorship sales arm of Fenway Sports Group.	[ "Fenway Sports Group", "Boston", "Fenway Sports Management" ]
What county shares a border with another county, which contains the community of West Marion?	Avery County	[]	Title: Linville Falls Tavern Passage: Linville Falls Tavern, now known as Famous Louise's Rock House Restaurant, is a historic tavern located at Linville Falls, Avery County and McDowell County, North Carolina. It was built in 1936, and is a 1 1/2-story, eight bay, native stone Rustic Revival-style building. It has a hipped roof with dormer and two stone chimneys. Title: Latvia Passage: Latvia ( or ; , ), officially the Republic of Latvia (, ), is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. Since its independence, Latvia has been referred to as one of the Baltic states. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Russia to the east, and Belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with Sweden to the west. Latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . The country has a temperate seasonal climate. Title: Liucheng County Passage: Liucheng County (; Standard Zhuang: ) is under the administration of Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. It covers a land area of and had a permanent population of 353,796 . Located north of Liuzhou's city proper, it borders the prefecture-level city of Hechi to the west. Title: Obljaj Passage: Obljaj () is a village near Bosansko Grahovo in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Obljaj is located west of Sarajevo and north of Livno near the border with Croatia. It is in the northwest corner of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is administratively part of Canton 10 of the Federation. It is difficult to reach except by small roads. Title: Currie Cup Passage: Team Number of wins Notes Most recent Western Province 34 Four shared 2017 Northern Transvaal / Blue Bulls 23 Four shared 2009 Transvaal / Gauteng Lions / Golden Lions 11 One shared 2015 Natal / Sharks 7 2013 Orange Free State / Free State Cheetahs 5 One shared 2016 Griqualand West / Griquas 1970 Border / Border Bulldogs Two shared 1934 Title: Borders of China Passage: China shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. In addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of Hong Kong, which was a British dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with Macau, a Portuguese territory until 1999. With a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. Title: West Marion, North Carolina Passage: West Marion is a census-designated place (CDP) in McDowell County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,348 at the 2010 census, down from 1,556 in 2000. Title: Northern Territory Passage: The Northern Territory (abbreviated as NT) is a federal Australian territory in the central and central northern regions of Australia. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east). To the north, the territory is bordered by the Timor Sea, the Arafura Sea and the Gulf of Carpentaria. Despite its large area -- over 1,349,129 square kilometres (520,902 sq mi), making it the third largest Australian federal division -- it is sparsely populated. The Northern Territory's population of 244,000 (2016) makes it the least populous of Australia's eight major states and territories, having fewer than half as many people as Tasmania. Title: San Lucas AVA Passage: The San Lucas AVA is an American Viticultural Area located in Monterey County, California. It is located at the southern end of Salinas Valley, shares an eastern border with the Chalone AVA, and is bordered on the west by the Santa Lucia Range foothills. The appellation has the largest diurnal temperature variation of any of California's AVAs. There is a current petition to designate the San Bernabe vineyard, located at the region's northern end, as its own AVA. The vineyard is currently the world's largest continuous vineyard. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Mount Franklin (Australian Capital Territory) Passage: Mount Franklin is a mountain with an elevation of in the Brindabella Ranges that is located on the border between the Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales, Australia. The summit of the mountain is located in the Australian Capital Territory. Title: Khankaysky District Passage: Khankaysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Primorsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the west of the krai on the western bank of Lake Khanka and borders with Pogranichny District in the southwest, Khorolsky District in the southeast, and with Heilongjiang Province of China in the west. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality (a "selo") of Kamen-Rybolov. Population: The population of Kamen-Rybolov accounts for 44.2% of the district's total population.	[ "West Marion, North Carolina", "Linville Falls Tavern" ]
What city did Nicholas I, Lord of the birthplace of Albert, King of the country of citizenship of Erik Karlberg, die?	Wittendörp	[]	Title: Erik Karlberg Passage: Erik Karlberg (born May 5, 1988 in Tyringe, Sweden) is a Swedish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with Skellefteå AIK in the Elitserien. Title: Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg Passage: Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg (also known as "Niklot I"; before 1164 – 25 May 1200, near Waschow, now part of Wittendörp), was the ruling Lord of Mecklenburg from 1178 until his death. He was the son of Wertislaw, Lord of Rostock and Prince of the Obotrites. Title: Albert, King of Sweden Passage: Albert ( , ; c. 1338 – 1 April 1412) was King of Sweden from 1364 to 1389 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1384 to 1412 as Albert III.	[ "Erik Karlberg", "Nicholas I, Lord of Mecklenburg", "Albert, King of Sweden" ]
In which episode of Doctor Who was there a character based on the creator of Farming Village at Twilight?	``Vincent and the Doctor ''	[ "Vincent and the Doctor" ]	Title: Rubber Man Passage: "Rubber Man" is the eighth episode of the of the television series "American Horror Story", which premiered on the network FX on November 23, 2011. The episode was written by co-creator and executive producer Ryan Murphy and was directed by Miguel Arteta. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: The Mark of the Berserker Passage: The Mark of the Berserker is a story of "The Sarah Jane Adventures" which was broadcast on CBBC on 3 and 10 November 2008. It is the fourth serial of the second series. Due to Elisabeth Sladen's commitments elsewhere, main character Sarah Jane has a minor role in this serial, making the episodes similar to the 'Doctor-lite' episodes of Doctor Who ("Love & Monsters", "Blink", "Turn Left" and "The Girl Who Waited") which do not feature The Doctor heavily, as well as the "Torchwood" episode "Random Shoes", which had minor roles for most of the main cast. Title: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess Passage: Twilight Princess takes place several centuries after Ocarina of Time and Majora's Mask, and begins with a youth named Link who is working as a ranch hand in Ordon Village. One day, the village is attacked by Bulblins, who carry off the village's children with Link in pursuit before he encounters a wall of Twilight. A Shadow Beast pulls him beyond the wall into the Realm of Twilight, where he is transformed into a wolf and imprisoned. Link is soon freed by an imp-like Twilight being named Midna, who dislikes Link but agrees to help him if he obeys her unconditionally. She guides him to Princess Zelda. Zelda explains that Zant, the King of the Twilight, has stolen the light from three of the four Light Spirits and conquered Hyrule. In order to save Hyrule, Link must first restore the Light Spirits by entering the Twilight-covered areas and, as a wolf, recover the Spirits' lost light. He must do this by collecting the multiple "Tears of Light"; once all the Tears of Light are collected for one area, he restores that area's Light Spirit. As he restores them, the Light Spirits return Link to his Hylian form. Title: List of The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series) episodes Passage: The original The Twilight Zone anthology series began on October 2, 1959 and ended on June 19, 1964 -- with five seasons and 156 episodes. It was created by Rod Serling and broadcast on CBS. Title: Twice Upon a Time (Doctor Who) Passage: 276 -- ``Twice Upon a Time ''Doctor Who episode Promotional image for the episode Cast Doctors Peter Capaldi (Twelfth Doctor) David Bradley (First Doctor) Jodie Whittaker (Thirteenth Doctor) Companion Pearl Mackie (Bill Potts) Others Mark Gatiss -- The Captain Jenna Coleman -- Clara Matt Lucas -- Nardole Nikki Amuka - Bird -- Helen Clay Toby Whithouse -- German Soldier Lily Travers -- Polly Jared Garfield -- Ben Jackson Nicholas Briggs -- Voice of the Daleks Production Directed by Rachel Talalay Written by Steven Moffat Produced by Peter Bennett Executive producer (s) Steven Moffat Brian Minchin Incidental music composer Murray Gold Length 60 minutes Originally broadcast 25 December 2017 Chronology ← Preceded by Followed by →`` The Doctor Falls'' -- Doctor Who episodes (1963 -- 1989) Doctor Who episodes (2005 -- present) Title: Flight (Grey's Anatomy) Passage: ``Flight ''is the twenty - fourth and final episode of the eighth season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, and the show's 172nd episode overall. It was written by series creator Shonda Rhimes, and directed by Rob Corn. The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on May 17, 2012. In the episode, six doctors from Seattle Grace Mercy West Hospital who are victims of an aviation accident fight to stay alive, but Dr. Lexie Grey (Chyler Leigh) ultimately dies. Other storylines occur in Seattle where Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.) plans his annual dinner for the departing residents, Dr. Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd) fires Dr. Teddy Altman (Kim Raver), and Dr. Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) gets engaged. Title: Make Love, Not Warcraft Passage: "Make Love, Not Warcraft" is the eighth episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series "South Park". The 147th episode overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 4, 2006. In the episode, Cartman, Kyle, Stan, and Kenny enjoy playing the popular massively multiplayer online role-playing game "World of Warcraft". When a high level player goes around killing other players in the game, they start playing the game every day to try to stop him. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. In 2015, he and co-creator Matt Stone listed it as their third favorite episode of the series. Title: Village at Sunset Passage: Village at Sunset is an oil painting created in 1884 by Vincent van Gogh. It is currently on display at Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Title: Vincent and the Doctor Passage: ``Vincent and the Doctor ''is the tenth episode in the fifth series of British science fiction television series Doctor Who, first broadcast on BBC One on 5 June 2010. It was written by Richard Curtis and directed by Jonny Campbell and featured an uncredited guest appearance from actor Bill Nighy. Title: The Beta Test Initiation Passage: The story and concept of the episode was written by series co-creator Chuck Lorre and writers Steven Molaro and Eric Kaplan. The teleplay was written by co-creator Bill Prady, and writers Dave Goetsch and Maria Ferrari. "The Beta Test Initiation" was directed by Mark Cendrowski. The episode received positive reviews from television critics who described the episode as funny and one of the better episodes. "The Beta Test Initiation" garnered 15.96 million viewers in the United States and a rating of 5.4 in the 18–49 demographic, according to Nielsen ratings. Title: The Pony Remark Passage: "The Pony Remark" is the second episode of the second season of the NBC sitcom "Seinfeld", and the seventh episode overall. The episode was written by series co-creators Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David, based on a remark David made once. Title: Open House (American Horror Story) Passage: "Open House" is the seventh episode of the of the television series "American Horror Story", which premiered on the network FX on November 16, 2011. The episode was written by co-creator and executive producer Brad Falchuk and was directed by Tim Hunter. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV).	[ "Vincent and the Doctor", "Village at Sunset" ]
Who founded the famous chain of music-themed restaurants which opened its first establishment in the city where the Prince and the Pauper takes place?	Peter Morton	[]	Title: The Prince and the Pauper Passage: The Prince and the Pauper is a novel by American author Mark Twain. It was first published in 1881 in Canada, before its 1882 publication in the United States. The novel represents Twain's first attempt at historical fiction. Set in 1547, it tells the story of two young boys who are identical in appearance: Tom Canty, a pauper who lives with his abusive father in Offal Court off Pudding Lane in London, and Prince Edward, son of King Henry VIII. Title: London Passage: London has numerous venues for rock and pop concerts, including the world's busiest arena the o2 arena and other large arenas such as Earls Court, Wembley Arena, as well as many mid-sized venues, such as Brixton Academy, the Hammersmith Apollo and the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Several music festivals, including the Wireless Festival, South West Four, Lovebox, and Hyde Park's British Summer Time are all held in London. The city is home to the first and original Hard Rock Cafe and the Abbey Road Studios where The Beatles recorded many of their hits. In the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, musicians and groups like Elton John, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, Queen, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Eric Clapton, Led Zeppelin, The Small Faces, Iron Maiden, Fleetwood Mac, Elvis Costello, Cat Stevens, The Police, The Cure, Madness, The Jam, Dusty Springfield, Phil Collins, Rod Stewart and Sade, derived their sound from the streets and rhythms vibrating through London. Title: Isaac Tigrett Passage: On June 14, 1971 he and Peter Morton started the first Hard Rock Café (HRC) restaurant in London's fashionable Mayfair district. The restaurant combined rock music, memorabilia related to rock 'n' roll and American cuisine.	[ "London", "The Prince and the Pauper", "Isaac Tigrett" ]
The director of Seemabaddha studied where?	Visva-Bharati University	[]	Title: Seemabaddha Passage: Seemabaddha ( "Shimabôddho"; English title: "Company Limited") is a 1971 social drama Bengali film directed by Satyajit Ray. It is based on the novel "Seemabaddha" by Mani Shankar Mukherjee. It stars Barun Chanda, Harindranath Chattopadhyay, and Sharmila Tagore in lead roles. The film was the second entry in Ray's Calcutta trilogy, which included "Pratidwandi" ("The Adversary") (1970) and "Jana Aranya" ("The Middleman") (1976). The films deal with the rapid modernization of Calcutta, rising corporate culture and greed, and the futility of the rat race. Title: The Inner Eye Passage: The Inner Eye is a 1972 short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on Benode Behari Mukherjee, a blind artist and a teacher from Visva-Bharati University, a university founded by Rabindranath Tagore at Santiniketan. The twenty minutes documentary features the life and works of Mukherjee in the form of paintings and photographs, starring himself. The documentary covers his journey from childhood till his blindness along with much of his works and features his words, "Blindness is a new feeling, a new experience, a new state of being". The documentary was awarded as Best Information Film (Documentary) at 20th National Film Awards in 1972. Title: Humphrey Bowman Passage: Humphrey Ernest Bowman (26 July 1879 – 23 March 1965) worked in the Education Departments in the British Protectorates in Egypt from 1903 to 1911 and Sudan from 1911 to 1913. He served in the British Army from 1914 to 1918. He became Director of Education in Mesopotamia in August 1918, and left in August 1920 to return to Egypt. Subsequently he became Director of Education in Palestine.	[ "Seemabaddha", "The Inner Eye" ]
What is the population of the Florida county where Bear Creek is located?	916,542	[]	Title: Cow Creek, Florida Passage: Cow Creek is an unincorporated community in Volusia County, Florida, United States. Cow Creek is west-southwest of Oak Hill. As of 2011, Cow Creek is private property. Title: Pinellas County, Florida Passage: Pinellas County is a county located in the state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 916,542. The county is part of the Tampa -- St. Petersburg -- Clearwater, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Clearwater is the county seat, and St. Petersburg is the largest city. Title: Bear Creek, Florida Passage: Bear Creek is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,948 at the 2010 census.	[ "Pinellas County, Florida", "Bear Creek, Florida" ]
In the late 1800s, what was the only true city that exhibited an urban lifestyle in the state where WWJD is located?	Louisville	[ "Louisville, Kentucky" ]	Title: History of India Passage: During the time between 800 and 200 BCE the Shramana-movement formed, from which originated Jainism and Buddhism. In the same period the first Upanishads were written. After 500 BCE, the so-called "Second urbanization" started, with new urban settlements arising at the Ganges plain, especially the Central Ganges plain. The Central Ganges Plain, where Magadha gained prominence, forming the base of the Mauryan Empire, was a distinct cultural area, with new states arising after 500 BC[web 1] during the so-called "Second urbanization".[note 3] It was influenced by the Vedic culture, but differed markedly from the Kuru-Panchala region. It "was the area of the earliest known cultivation of rice in South Asia and by 1800 BC was the location of an advanced neolithic population associated with the sites of Chirand and Chechar". In this region the Shramanic movements flourished, and Jainism and Buddhism originated. Title: WWJD Passage: WWJD (91.7 FM, "Eagle 91.7") is a radio station licensed to serve Pippa Passes, Kentucky. The station is owned by Alice Lloyd College. It broadcasts in a Contemporary Christian music format. Title: History of Louisville, Kentucky Passage: Following the 1850 Census, Louisville was reported as the nation's tenth largest city, while Kentucky was reported as the eighth most populous state.	[ "WWJD", "History of Louisville, Kentucky" ]
Margraviate of the country having Lake Constance together with Germany and the country having the villages of Wengen and the municipality housing Monte Rosa Hotel is an instance of what?	march	[ "Mar", "March" ]	Title: Margraviate of Austria Passage: The Margraviate of Austria was a southeastern frontier march of the Holy Roman Empire created in 976 out of the territory on the border with the Principality of Hungary. Originally under the overlordship of the Dukes of Bavaria, it was ruled by margraves of the Franconian Babenberg dynasty. It became an Imperial State in its own right, when the Babenbergs were elevated to Dukes of Austria in 1156. Title: Alps Passage: Some high mountain villages, such as Avoriaz (in France), Wengen, and Zermatt (in Switzerland) are accessible only by cable car or cog-rail trains, and are car free. Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain. Title: Rhine Passage: Lake Constance consists of three bodies of water: the Obersee ("upper lake"), the Untersee ("lower lake"), and a connecting stretch of the Rhine, called the Seerhein ("Lake Rhine"). The lake is situated in Germany, Switzerland and Austria near the Alps. Specifically, its shorelines lie in the German states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg, the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of Thurgau and St. Gallen. The Rhine flows into it from the south following the Swiss-Austrian border. It is located at approximately 47°39′N 9°19′E / 47.650°N 9.317°E / 47.650; 9.317. Title: Monte Rosa Hotel Passage: The Monte Rosa is a hotel, located in the main street of Zermatt. It was frequented by the members of the Alpine Club, including Edward Whymper who made the first ascent of the Matterhorn in 1865. The hotel is named after the highest mountain near Zermatt, Monte Rosa.	[ "Rhine", "Alps", "Margraviate of Austria", "Monte Rosa Hotel" ]
What is the Science Museum, in the city where Pedro Roldan was born, part of?	Spanish National Research Council	[ "CSIC" ]	Title: Science Museum of Virginia Passage: The Science Museum of Virginia is a science museum located in Richmond, Virginia. Established in 1970, it is an agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is housed in the former Broad Street Station, built in 1917. Title: Uncial 0162 Passage: Uncial 0162 is one of the manuscripts excavated by Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt in Oxyrynchus, Egypt and is now part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art collection in New York City. Title: Big Valley Creation Science Museum Passage: The Big Valley Creation Science Museum is a museum in Big Valley, Alberta, Canada, dedicated to promoting young-earth creationism as a faith-based alternative to biological evolution as presented by the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology, also in Alberta, to the south. It is Canada's first permanent creation museum. Title: Pedro Roldán Passage: Pedro Roldán (1624–1699) was a Baroque sculptor from Seville, Andalusia, Spain. His daughter Luisa Roldán, known as "La Roldana", was also a major figure of Spanish Baroque sculpture. Title: Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum Passage: The Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum () is a natural history and science museum in downtown Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 225 Frontenac Street in downtown Sherbrooke. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency Ciência Viva, a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium. Title: North Carolina Passage: In Raleigh many tourists visit the Capital, African American Cultural Complex, Contemporary Art Museum of Raleigh, Gregg Museum of Art & Design at NCSU, Haywood Hall House & Gardens, Marbles Kids Museum, North Carolina Museum of Art, North Carolina Museum of History, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame, Raleigh City Museum, J. C. Raulston Arboretum, Joel Lane House, Mordecai House, Montfort Hall, and the Pope House Museum. The Carolina Hurricanes NHL hockey team is also located in the city. Title: San Pedro Ocopetatillo Passage: San Pedro Ocopetatillo is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region. Title: Pedro Moncayo Canton Passage: Pedro Moncayo is a canton in the north of the Pichincha Province, Ecuador. The seat of the canton is the city of Tabacundo. The canton is named after politician Pedro Moncayo. The canton is separated by the Mojanda volcano from the canton of Otavalo in the province of Imbabura in the north. It borders the same-province cantons of Cayambe and Quito. Title: Idaho Museum of Natural History Passage: The Idaho Museum of Natural History (IMNH) is the official state natural history museum of Idaho, located on the campus of Idaho State University (ISU) in Pocatello. Founded in 1934, it has collections in anthropology, vertebrate paleontology, earth science, and the life sciences. Additionally, it contains an archive of documents and ethnographic photographs. Title: Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology Passage: The Milton J. Rubenstein Museum of Science and Technology (often referred to as the MoST) is a science and technology museum located in the Armory Square neighborhood of Downtown Syracuse, New York. The Museum includes 35,000 square feet of exhibits, Science Shop, the only domed IMAX theater in New York State, and a planetarium. The MOST is located in the former Syracuse Armory. Title: La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum Passage: Along with a museum, the building houses the Andalusian headquarters of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). CSIC is the largest public institution devoted to research in Spain, and the third largest in Europe. The building was opened to the public in 2008, with the goal of sharing knowledge acquired through scientific research. La Casa de la Ciencia aims to be a bridge between the scientific research community and the public, sharing contemporary scientific research and information on environmental issues.	[ "Pedro Roldán", "La Casa de la Ciencia de Sevilla - Science Museum" ]
In what part of California is the location of the Pacific Zen Institute?	Sonoma County	[ "Sonoma County, California" ]	Title: Santa Rosa, California Passage: Santa Rosa is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 174,170. Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Redwood Empire, Wine Country and the North Bay; the fifth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 28th most populous city in California. Title: Pacific Zen Institute Passage: The Pacific Zen Institute (PZI), is a Zen Buddhist practice center in Santa Rosa, California. Established in 1999, it has several affiliate centers in the lineage of John Tarrant, a dharma heir of Robert Baker Aitken, and formerly of the Sanbo Kyodan school of Zen. Title: Michelle Bitting Passage: Bitting grew up in Pacific Palisades. studied theater at the University of California, Berkeley and pursued careers in dance and culinary arts before turning her focus to writing in 2001. She received an MFA in writing and poetry from Pacific University, Oregon in 2009. She holds an MFA in creative writing from Pacific University, Oregon. She is a PhD candidate in mythological studies at Pacifica Graduate Institute.	[ "Santa Rosa, California", "Pacific Zen Institute" ]
What is the new tallest building in the city the Sea Nymph was sailing out?	Salesforce Tower	[ "Transbay Tower" ]	Title: Salesforce Tower Passage: Salesforce Tower, formerly known as the Transbay Tower, is a 1,070 - foot (326 m) office skyscraper under construction in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. It is located at 415 Mission Street between First and Fremont Streets, next to the Transbay Transit Center site. Salesforce Tower is the centerpiece of the San Francisco Transbay redevelopment plan. The plan contains a mix of office, transportation, retail, and residential uses. When completed, the tower will be the tallest in San Francisco. With a top roof height of 970 feet (296 m) and an overall height of 1,070 feet (326 m), it will be the second - tallest building west of the Mississippi River after the Wilshire Grand Center in Los Angeles. Title: One Washington Park Passage: One Washington Park is a high rise office building located on Washington Park at 1 Washington Street in Newark, New Jersey. Among the tallest buildings in the city, it is best known as the home of Rutgers Business School and Amazon's Audible.com. Title: Marshall Islands Passage: A number of vessels visiting the islands were attacked and their crews killed. In 1834, Captain DonSette and his crew were killed. Similarly, in 1845 the schooner Naiad punished a native for stealing with such violence that the natives attacked the ship. Later that year a whaler's boat crew were killed. In 1852 the San Francisco-based ships Glencoe and Sea Nymph were attacked and everyone aboard except for one crew member were killed. The violence was usually attributed as a response to the ill treatment of the natives in response to petty theft, which was a common practice. In 1857, two missionaries successfully settled on Ebon, living among the natives through at least 1870.:3	[ "Salesforce Tower", "Marshall Islands" ]
Who was the first Muslim to be elected president of the party Narasingha Mishra is part of?	Badruddin Tayyab Ji	[]	Title: Rahimtulla M. Sayani Passage: Rahimtullah M Sayani was the ``Second Muslim ''to become the`` President of Indian National Congress ''. (First was Badruddin Tayyab Ji) Title: Narasingha Mishra Passage: He was the Deputy Leader of the Congress Legislature Party from 2004-2009. He was first elected to the assembly in 1990 and served as the Law Minister. He last represented Loisingha constituency from the Indian National Congress party. Title: Kamakhya Narain Singh Passage: He was educated at Rajkumar College, Raipur and at Mayo College, Ajmer. He became the Raja of Ramgarh in 1919 upon death of his father, Raja Lakshmi Narain Singh. He formed his own political party (Janta Party of Ramgarh) and was a prominent leader in Bihar at that time. His family (Narain Raj Parivar) was the first family in India to use helicopters in election campaign. He served as the Vice-President of the Bihar Landholder's Association and the All India Kshatriya Mahasabha. He was also Member of the Managing Committee and General Council of Rajkumar College; Member of the Executive Body of the Bihar War Committee. He served as president of Akhil Bharatiya Kshatriya Mahasabha in 1943 and 1953.	[ "Rahimtulla M. Sayani", "Narasingha Mishra" ]
In what year did the country where Foar was located become independent?	1960	[]	Title: Crimean War Passage: In 1820-1830’s the Ottoman Empire endured a number of strikes which challenged the existence of the country. The Greek Uprising (began in the spring of 1821) evidenced internal and military weakness of Ottoman Empire and caused severe atrocities by Ottoman military forces (see Chios massacre). The disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Sultan Mahmud II on 15 June 1826 (Auspicious Incident) was a good deed for the country in the longer term, but it has deprived the country from its army forces for the nearest future. In 1827 the allied Anglo-Franco-Russian fleet destroyed almost all the Ottoman naval forces during the Battle of Navarino. In 1830 Greece becomes an independent state after 10 years of independence war and the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–1829. According to the Treaty of Adrianople (1829) Russian and European commercial ships were authorized to freely pass through Black Sea straits, Serbia received autonomy, and Danubian Principalities (Moldavia and Walachia) became the territories under Russian protection. Title: Constitutional Convention (United States) Passage: In September 1786, at the Annapolis Convention, delegates from five states called for a Constitutional Convention in order to discuss possible improvements to the Articles of Confederation. The subsequent Constitutional Convention took place in Philadelphia, convening in the Old Pennsylvania State House (then becoming known as Independence Hall) on May 14, 1787. Rhode Island, fearing that the Convention would work to its disadvantage, boycotted the Convention and, when the Constitution was put to the states during the next year of controversial debates, initially refused to ratify it, waiting until May 1790 to become the thirteenth, a year after the new federal government commenced. Title: Somalis Passage: A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. The referendum turned out in favour of a continued association with France, largely due to a combined yes vote by the sizable Afar ethnic group and resident Europeans. There was also widespread vote rigging, with the French expelling thousands of Somalis before the referendum reached the polls. The majority of those who voted no were Somalis who were strongly in favour of joining a united Somalia, as had been proposed by Mahmoud Harbi, Vice President of the Government Council. Harbi was killed in a plane crash two years later. Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president (1977–1991). Title: Eritrea Passage: When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa. Title: Black people Passage: As African states became independent in the 1960s, the Soviet Union offered many of their citizens the chance to study in Russia. Over a period of 40 years, about 400,000 African students from various countries moved to Russia to pursue higher studies, including many Black Africans. This extended beyond the Soviet Union to many countries of the Eastern bloc. Title: Jubilee (musical) Passage: Jubilee is a musical comedy with a book by Moss Hart and music and lyrics by Cole Porter. It premiered on Broadway in 1935 to rapturous reviews. Inspired by the recent silver jubilee of King George V of Great Britain, the story is of the royal family of a fictional European country. Several of its songs, especially "Begin the Beguine" and "Just One of Those Things", became independently popular and have become part of the American Songbook. Title: Tracy Chamoun Passage: Chamoun was an outspoken critic of the former Syrian occupation of Lebanon. She has described her country's independence as a "myth". Before the Independence Day celebrations in 1990 she asked rhetorically: Title: Milanko Petrović Passage: Milanko Petrović (; born 21 September 1988 in Sjenica) is a Serbian biathlete who participated at the 2010 Winter Olympics, becoming the first olympic biathlete for independent Serbia. At the 2014 Winter Olympics he carried Serbian flag at the opening ceremony and competed in biathlon and cross-country skiing. He represents Serbia at the Biathlon World Championships and he is a regular participant of the Biathlon World Cup and the first ever Serb to win World Cup points. Occasionally, he competes in cross-country skiing. At the 2013 Winter Universiade he made a remarkable success by winning first ever international medals for Serbia in biathlon and cross-country skiing. Title: Play Something Country Passage: "Play Something Country" is a song recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn, co-written by Ronnie Dunn and Terry McBride. It was released in June 2005 as the first single from the duo's album "Hillbilly Deluxe". In September of that year, the song reached the top of the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts, becoming the twentieth and final Number One hit of the duo's career. Title: Foar Passage: Foar is a town in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia, on the coast of the Guardafui Channel. It is a center for the local lobster market. Title: Estonian language Passage: After the Estonian War of Independence in 1919, the Estonian language became the state language of the newly independent country. In 1945, 97.3% of Estonia considered itself ethnic Estonian and spoke the language. Title: Bieler Bros. Records Passage: Bieler Bros. Records was formed in January 2002 by brothers Aaron and Jason Bieler. The label was aligned with MCA Records before becoming independent.	[ "Somalis", "Foar" ]
Did Eric O'Neill's employer keep files on Elvis Presley?	including celebrities such as Elvis Presley	[ "Elvis", "Elvis Presley" ]	Title: Love Me Tender (film) Passage: Love Me Tender is a 1956 American black - and - white CinemaScope motion picture directed by Robert D. Webb, and released by 20th Century Fox on November 15, 1956. The film, named after the song, stars Richard Egan, Debra Paget, and Elvis Presley in his acting debut. It is in the Western genre with musical numbers. As Presley's movie debut, it was the only time in his acting career that he did not receive top billing. Love Me Tender was originally to be titled The Reno Brothers, but when advanced sales of Presley's ``Love Me Tender ''single passed one million -- a first for a single -- the film's title was changed to match. This was the only time that Presley played a historical figure. Title: Federal Bureau of Investigation Passage: The FBI has maintained files on numerous people, including celebrities such as Elvis Presley, Frank Sinatra, John Denver, John Lennon, Jane Fonda, Groucho Marx, Charlie Chaplin, the band MC5, Lou Costello, Sonny Bono, Bob Dylan, Michael Jackson, and Mickey Mantle. The files were collected for various reasons. Some of the subjects were investigated for alleged ties to the Communist party (Charlie Chaplin and Groucho Marx), or in connection with antiwar activities during the Vietnam War (John Denver, John Lennon, and Jane Fonda). Numerous celebrity files concern threats or extortion attempts against them (Sonny Bono, John Denver, John Lennon, Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson, Mickey Mantle, Groucho Marx, and Frank Sinatra). Title: Eric O'Neill Passage: Eric Michael O'Neill (born March 3, 1973) is an American former FBI counter-terrorism and counterintelligence operative. He worked and was entitled as an Investigative Specialist with the Special Surveillance Group (SSG) and played a major role in the arrest, conviction, and life imprisonment of FBI agent Robert Hanssen for spying on behalf of the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. His book written about this experience, Gray Day: My Undercover Mission to Expose America's First Cyber Spy, was published in spring 2019. He is a public speaker and security expert who currently lectures internationally about espionage and national security, cybersecurity, fraud, corporate diligence and defense, hacking, pursuing dreams and surviving Hollywood.	[ "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "Eric O'Neill" ]
When did humans begin living in the city George Treat is from?	3000 BC	[]	Title: George Treat Passage: George Treat (1819–1907) was an early Gold Rush-era pioneer in the Mission District, of San Francisco, a businessman, abolitionist, a member of the first Committee of Vigilance of San Francisco, and horse racing enthusiast. He was influential to the early physical development of the Mission District and its eventual shift to urbanization. Treat was responsible for the construction and management of the Pioneer Race Course, a horse racing track built in San Francisco in 1851 and in helping with the creation of the San Francisco-San Jose Railway when he sold the land. Title: Africa (journal) Passage: Africa is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the International African Institute. The journal takes an interdisciplinary approach considering the humanities, social sciences, and environmental studies in Africa. Every year there is a special issue treating a specific theme. Title: Stomach Passage: In classical anatomy, the human stomach is divided into four sections, beginning at the gastric cardia, each of which has different cells and functions. Title: Ninsun Passage: In the "Epic of Gilgamesh", Ninsun is depicted as a human queen who lives in Uruk with her son as king. Since the father of Gilgamesh was former king Lugalbanda, it stands to reason that Ninsun procreated with Lugalbanda to give birth. She assists her son in his adventure by providing him with the meanings of his dream in the beginning. Title: Ancient history Passage: Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC. Title: Plymouth Passage: Antarctic explorers Robert Falcon Scott and Frank Bickerton both lived in the city. Artists include Beryl Cook whose paintings depict the culture of Plymouth and Robert Lenkiewicz, whose paintings investigated themes of vagrancy, sexual behaviour and suicide, lived in the city from the 1960s until his death in 2002. Illustrator and creator of children's series Mr Benn and King Rollo, David McKee, was born and brought up in South Devon and trained at Plymouth College of Art. Jazz musician John Surman, born in nearby Tavistock, has close connections to the area, evidenced by his 2012 album Saltash Bells. The avant garde prepared guitarist Keith Rowe was born in the city before establishing the jazz free improvisation band AMM in London in 1965 and MIMEO in 1997. The musician and film director Cosmo Jarvis has lived in several towns in South Devon and has filmed videos in and around Plymouth. In addition, actors Sir Donald Sinden and Judi Trott. George Passmore of Turner Prize winning duo Gilbert and George was born in the city, as was Labour politician Michael Foot whose family reside at nearby Trematon Castle. Title: Thine Is the Glory Passage: Set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, it is a multi-generational saga set against the rise of an industrial city from the mid-19th century until World War II. The protagonist is Scott Shallenberger Stewart, who begins as a country boy and ends among the roster of "the lords of creation"—Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick, Andrew W. Mellon, George Westinghouse, and others. Title: Mowgli Passage: Finally, Mowgli stumbles across the village where his adopted human mother (Messua), is now living, which forces him to come to terms with his humanity and decide whether to rejoin his fellow humans in ``The Spring Running ''. Title: Names of the days of the week Passage: The names of the days of the week in many languages are derived from the names of the classical planets in Hellenistic astrology, which were in turn named after contemporary deities, a system introduced in the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity. In some other languages, the days are named after corresponding deities of the regional culture, either beginning with Sunday or with Monday. In the international standard ISO 8601, Monday is treated as the first day of the week. Title: Arnold Ziffel Passage: Arnold Ziffel is a pig featured in Green Acres, an American situation comedy that originally aired on CBS from 1965 to 1971 and was produced by Filmways, Inc... The show is premised on rural American humor and features Oliver Douglas and his wife Lisa as city - dwellers who move to the unfamiliar environment of Hooterville, a fictional farming community. Arnold is a pig of the Chester White breed, but he is treated as the ``son ''of Fred and Doris Ziffel, who do n't have any human children. Everyone in Hooterville (besides Oliver Douglas) accepts this without question. Arnold's first appearance was in the second season Petticoat Junction episode`` A Matter of Communication''. Title: History of San Francisco Passage: The earliest evidence of human habitation in what is now the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Native Americans who settled in this region found the bay to be a resource for hunting and gathering, leading to the establishment of many small villages. Collectively, these early Native Americans are now known as the Ohlone, and the language they spoke belonged to the Miwok family. Their trade patterns included places as far away as Baja California, the Mojave Desert and Yosemite. Title: MP3 Passage: However, several de facto standards for tag formats exist. As of 2010, the most widespread are ID3v1 and ID3v2, and the more recently introduced APEv2. These tags are normally embedded at the beginning or end of MP3 files, separate from the actual MP3 frame data. MP3 decoders either extract information from the tags, or just treat them as ignorable, non-MP3 junk data.	[ "George Treat", "History of San Francisco" ]
The Dale of Ten Thousand Smokes is located in the state purchased from Russia. Which military branch did the president who signed the treaty of purchase serve in?	Union Army	[]	Title: Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes Passage: The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes is a valley within Katmai National Park and Preserve in Alaska which is filled with ash flow from the eruption of Novarupta on June 6–8, 1912. Following the eruption, thousands of fumaroles vented steam from the ash. Robert F. Griggs, who explored the volcano's aftermath for the National Geographic Society in 1916, gave the valley its name, saying that "the whole valley as far as the eye could reach was full of hundreds, no thousands—literally, tens of thousands—of smokes curling up from its fissured floor." Title: Alaska Purchase Passage: The Alaska Purchase (Russian: Продажа Аляски, tr. Prodazha Alyaski) was the United States' acquisition of Alaska from the Russian Empire on March 30, 1867, by a treaty ratified by the United States Senate, and signed by president Andrew Johnson. Title: Dale (landform) Passage: A dale is an open valley. "Dale" is a synonym to the word "valley". Norwegian towns frequently use this term: "dalekvam", so "dale". The name is used when describing the physical geography of an area. It is used most frequently in the Lowlands of Scotland and in the North of England, where the term "fell" commonly refers to the mountains or hills that flank the dale. Title: Lafayette C. Baker Passage: Lafayette Curry Baker (October 13, 1826 – July 3, 1868) was a United States investigator and spy, serving the Union Army, during the American Civil War and under Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson.	[ "Alaska Purchase", "Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes", "Lafayette C. Baker", "Dale (landform)" ]
What is the population of the city where Lanny Morgan was born?	645,911	[]	Title: Morgan Township, Gallia County, Ohio Passage: Morgan Township is one of the fifteen townships of Gallia County, Ohio, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 1,404. Title: My Old School Passage: Donald Fagen -- piano, lead vocals Walter Becker -- bass Denny Dias -- rhythm guitar Jeff Baxter -- lead guitar Jim Hodder -- drums, percussion Sherlie Matthews, Myrna Matthews, Royce Jones -- backup vocals Ernie Watts -- saxophone Johnny Rotella -- saxophone Lanny Morgan -- saxophone Bill Perkins -- saxophone Title: Cheektowaga Southwest, New York Passage: Cheektowaga Southwest was a census-designated place within the southwestern part of the town of Cheektowaga in Erie County, New York during the 1960 United States Census. The population recorded was 12,766. The census area dissolved in 1970, however the census area became part of Cheektowaga CDP in 1980, when the CDP recorded a population of 92,145. The ZIP code serving the area is 14227. Title: Petros, Tennessee Passage: Petros, (pronounced pee-tross) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Morgan County, Tennessee, United States, located on State Route 116. Its population was 583 as of the 2010 census. Petros does have its own post office, with the ZIP code 37845. Title: Horsepasture, Virginia Passage: Horsepasture is a census-designated place (CDP) in Henry County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,227 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Martinsville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Des Moines metropolitan area Passage: The Des Moines metropolitan area, officially known as the Des Moines -- West Des Moines, IA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), consists of five counties in central Iowa, United States: Polk, Dallas, Warren, Madison, and Guthrie. The 2010 census population of these counties was 569,633, and the 2017 estimated population was 645,911. Title: James City, North Carolina Passage: James City is an unincorporated area and census-designated place (CDP) in Craven County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 5,899 at the 2010 census. It is part of the New Bern, North Carolina Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Morgan's Point Resort, Texas Passage: Morgan's Point Resort is a city in Bell County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,170 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Killeen–Temple–Fort Hood Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was incorporated in 1970. Title: Sparks, Texas Passage: Sparks is a census-designated place (CDP) in El Paso County, Texas, United States. The population was 4,529 at the 2010 census. It is part of the El Paso Metropolitan Statistical Area. The ZIP Code encompassing the CDP area is 79928. Title: Alhambra, Montana Passage: Alhambra is a populated place in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. It is a subdivision about a mile south of Clancy and shares a postal code (59634) with that town. Alhambra is part of the Helena Micropolitan Area, and its population is counted within the Clancy census-designated place. Title: Lanny Morgan Passage: Lanny Morgan (born March 30, 1934, Des Moines, Iowa) is an American jazz alto saxophonist chiefly active on the West Coast jazz scene.	[ "Des Moines metropolitan area", "Lanny Morgan" ]
What river flows through the city where the college softball world series is played?	North Canadian River	[ "Oklahoma River" ]	Title: Roaring River (North Carolina) Passage: The Roaring River is a tributary of the Yadkin River in northwestern North Carolina in the United States. Via the Yadkin it is part of the watershed of the Pee Dee River, which flows to the Atlantic Ocean. According to the Geographic Names Information System, it has also been known historically as "Roaring Creek." The river's name comes from its headwaters in the Blue Ridge Mountains, where it flows through a series of small waterfalls. Title: 2016 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament Passage: The 2016 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament was held from May 20 through June 8, 2016 as the final part of the 2016 NCAA Division I softball season. The 64 NCAA Division I college softball teams were to be selected out of an eligible 293 teams on May 15, 2016. Thirty - two teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conference, and thirty - two teams were selected at - large by the NCAA Division I softball selection committee. The tournament culminated with eight teams playing in the 2016 Women's College World Series at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City in which the Oklahoma Sooners were crowned the champions. Title: Fish River (Namibia) Passage: The Fish River (Visrivier in Afrikaans, Fischfluss in German) is a river in Namibia. It is 650 km long, flowing from the Naukluft Mountains 150 km to the Hardap Dam near Mariental. From there the flow is entirely blocked, all further flow downstream coming from tributaries downstream from the dam. The flow of the river is seasonal; in winter the river can dry up completely. Despite this, the river is the site of the spectacular Fish River Canyon, a canyon 160 km long, and at points as much as 550 m deep. Title: North Branch Millers River Passage: The North Branch of the Millers River is a river in southwestern New Hampshire and northern Massachusetts in the United States. It is a tributary of the Millers River, which flows west to the Connecticut River, which in turn flows south to Long Island Sound, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Women's College World Series Passage: The Women's College World Series (WCWS) is the final portion of the NCAA Division I Softball Championship for college softball in the United States. The tournament format consists of two four - team double - elimination brackets. The winners of each bracket then compete in a best - of - three series to determine the Division I WCWS National Champion. The WCWS takes place at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City. From 1969 to 1981, the women's collegiate softball championship was also known as the Women's College World Series and was promoted as such. During 1969 -- 1979, the series was played in Omaha, and in 1980 -- 1982 in Norman, Oklahoma. The NCAA held its first six Division I tournaments in Omaha in 1982 -- 1987, followed by Sunnyvale, California in 1988 -- 1989. The event has been held in Oklahoma City every year since then, except for 1996 in Columbus, Georgia. Title: PONY Baseball and Softball Passage: PONY Baseball and Softball is a non-profit organization with headquarters in Washington, Pennsylvania. Started in 1951, PONY organizes youth baseball and softball leagues and tournaments, as over 500,000 players annually play PONY in over 4,000 leagues throughout the United States and over 40 countries world - wide. The televised Pony League World Series held annually in August at Washington's Lew Hays Pony Field attracts teenage teams from around the world. Membership is open to children and young adults from age 4 to 23 and the leagues are organized in two - year age brackets with ``an - under ''programs. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam was built on the river to manage the flood control and reduced its level. In the 1990s, as part of the citywide revitalization project known as MAPS, the city built a series of low-water dams, returning water to the portion of the river flowing near downtown. The city has three large lakes: Lake Hefner and Lake Overholser, in the northwestern quarter of the city; and the largest, Lake Stanley Draper, in the sparsely populated far southeast portion of the city. Title: Poplar River (Manitoba) Passage: The Poplar River is a river in Manitoba and Ontario, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin and flows to the eastern shore of Lake Winnipeg. The river passes through one of the last, large, and intact boreal forests in the world. Title: Kelly Kovach Schoenly Passage: Kelly Kovach Schoenly is an American softball coach and former softball player. She has been the head softball coach at Ohio State since June 2012. She previously served as the head softball coach at Miami (Ohio) from 2006 to 2012. She has also been an assistant coach at Michigan and Penn State. Title: North Concho River Passage: The North Concho River is a river in west-central Texas and one of three tributaries of the Concho River. The river is long. The other two tributaries are the Middle Concho and South Concho Rivers. The Concho River flows into the Colorado River (in Texas, not to be confused with the Colorado that flows through Arizona and Nevada). Title: 2017 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament Passage: The 2017 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament is being held from May 18 through June 7, 2017 as the final part of the 2017 NCAA Division I softball season. The 64 participating NCAA Division I college softball teams were selected out of an eligible 293 teams on May 14, 2017. Thirty - two teams were awarded automatic bids as champions of their conferences, and the remaining 32 were selected at - large by the NCAA Division I softball selection committee. The tournament culminates with eight teams playing in the 2017 Women's College World Series at ASA Hall of Fame Stadium in Oklahoma City. Oklahoma would repeat as National Champions, defeating Florida in 2 games. Title: Suzuka River Passage: The is a major river that flows through northern Mie Prefecture on the island of Honshū, Japan. It is officially classified as a Class 1 river by the Japanese government, one of four Class 1 rivers that flow solely through Mie.	[ "Women's College World Series", "Oklahoma City" ]
What is a staple food in the place with which Ming traded horses?	yak meat	[]	Title: United Arab Emirates Passage: The traditional food of the Emirates has always been rice, fish and meat. The people of the United Arab Emirates have adopted most of their foods from other West and South Asian countries including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, India and Oman. Seafood has been the mainstay of the Emirati diet for centuries. Meat and rice are other staple foods, with lamb and mutton preferred to goat and beef. Popular beverages are coffee and tea, which can be complemented with cardamom, saffron, or mint to give them a distinctive flavour.Popular cultural Emirati dishes include threed, machboos, khubisa, khameer and chabab bread among others while Lugaimat is a famous Emirati dessert. Title: Malu Mirisata Passage: Malu Mirisata (spicy Sri Lankan fish curry) has more of a chili flavor and it’s a favorite method of cooking fish in Sri Lanka. The dish is popular around the country and mostly in seaboard area where fish and other seafood are staple foods. Coconut milk is used in some variations of this dish. This can be usually served with rice, bread or string hoppers. Title: Pub Passage: In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland. Title: Ng Fung Hong Passage: Ng Fung Hong was founded in Hong Kong in 1951 as "a modest trading agent in Bonham Strand". Two decades later it became part of mainland giant China Resources, and is now a vertically integrated food enterprise "under the auspices of China's Ministry of [Commerce]". Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: Helmut Hoffman states that the Ming upheld the facade of rule over Tibet through periodic missions of "tribute emissaries" to the Ming court and by granting nominal titles to ruling lamas, but did not actually interfere in Tibetan governance. Melvyn C. Goldstein writes that the Ming had no real administrative authority over Tibet, as the various titles given to Tibetan leaders did not confer authority as the earlier Mongol Yuan titles had. He asserts that "by conferring titles on Tibetans already in power, the Ming emperors merely recognized political reality." Hugh Edward Richardson writes that the Ming dynasty exercised no authority over the succession of Tibetan ruling families, the Phagmodru (1354–1435), Rinpungpa (1435–1565), and Tsangpa (1565–1642). Title: Uncle Tony's Kebabs Passage: Uncle Tony's Kebabs was an independent specialty fast food retail franchise in Australia that traded from 1983 to 2007 at up to 22 outlets. Its brand identity was phased out in 2008 after being acquired in 2007 by Ali Baba Lebanese Cuisine. Title: Tibet Passage: The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in recent decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is Tibetan Buddhism; in addition there is Bön, which is similar to Tibetan Buddhism, and there are also Tibetan Muslims and Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence on the art, music, and festivals of the region. Tibetan architecture reflects Chinese and Indian influences. Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak meat, and butter tea. Title: Trader Joe's Passage: Trader Joe's Trader Joe's in Buffalo, New York Type Private Industry Retail (grocery) Founded 1958; 60 years ago (1958) (as Pronto Market) 1967 (1967) (as Trader Joe's) Pasadena, California, USA Founder Joe Coulombe Headquarters Monrovia, California, U.S. Number of locations 474 (as of 12 October 2017) Key people Dan Bane, Chairman & CEO Products Private label staple foods, organic foods and specialty products Revenue US $13 billion (2015) Number of employees 38,000 + Parent ALDI Nord Website traderjoes.com Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: While the Ming dynasty traded horses with Tibet, it upheld a policy of outlawing border markets in the north, which Laird sees as an effort to punish the Mongols for their raids and to "drive them from the frontiers of China." However, after Altan Khan (1507–1582)—leader of the Tümed Mongols who overthrew the Oirat Mongol confederation's hegemony over the steppes—made peace with the Ming dynasty in 1571, he persuaded the Ming to reopen their border markets in 1573. This provided the Chinese with a new supply of horses that the Mongols had in excess; it was also a relief to the Ming, since they were unable to stop the Mongols from periodic raiding. Laird says that despite the fact that later Mongols believed Altan forced the Ming to view him as an equal, Chinese historians argue that he was simply a loyal Chinese citizen. By 1578, Altan Khan formed a formidable Mongol-Tibetan alliance with the Gelug that the Ming viewed from afar without intervention. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: Dawa Norbu argues that modern Chinese Communist historians tend to be in favor of the view that the Ming simply reappointed old Yuan dynasty officials in Tibet and perpetuated their rule of Tibet in this manner. Norbu writes that, although this would have been true for the eastern Tibetan regions of Amdo and Kham's "tribute-cum-trade" relations with the Ming, it was untrue if applied to the western Tibetan regions of Ü-Tsang and Ngari. After the Phagmodrupa Changchub Gyaltsen, these were ruled by "three successive nationalistic regimes," which Norbu writes "Communist historians prefer to ignore." Title: Tibet Passage: The most important crop in Tibet is barley, and dough made from barley flour—called tsampa—is the staple food of Tibet. This is either rolled into noodles or made into steamed dumplings called momos. Meat dishes are likely to be yak, goat, or mutton, often dried, or cooked into a spicy stew with potatoes. Mustard seed is cultivated in Tibet, and therefore features heavily in its cuisine. Yak yogurt, butter and cheese are frequently eaten, and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item. Butter tea is very popular to drink. Title: Nasi tumpang Passage: Nasi tumpang is rice dish that origin from Kelantan, Malaysia. Nasi tumpang is rice with different layer of dishes wrapped in a cone shape with banana leaf packed. Traditionally, it was staple food for travelers or farmers in Kelantan to bring to work. It is packed tightly consisting an omelette, beef or fish floss, and shrimp or fish local curry, sweet sambal gravy and cucumbers.	[ "Tibet", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" ]
When did the original judge who left prior to the start of the season quit as a judge?	before season nine	[]	Title: The Savage Amusement Passage: The Savage Amusement is an original novel written by David Bishop and based on the long-running British science fiction comic strip "Judge Dredd". At the time of publication (1993) Bishop was editor of the "Judge Dredd Megazine". Title: America's Got Talent (season 6) Passage: Season six of America's Got Talent, a reality television series, premiered on May 31, 2011, on NBC. The show was hosted by Nick Cannon, while Piers Morgan, Sharon Osbourne and Howie Mandel returned as judges. On September 14, 2011, Landau Eugene Murphy, Jr. was announced as the winner of season six. This season was the last with Morgan as a judge, as he did not return for season 7, where Howard Stern replaced him. Title: America's Got Talent Passage: The original judging panel consisted of David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan. Sharon Osbourne replaced Norwood in season two (2007), and Howie Mandel replaced Hasselhoff in season five (2010). Howard Stern replaced Morgan in season seven (2012). Mel B replaced Osbourne in season eight (2013), while Heidi Klum joined as a fourth judge. Simon Cowell replaced Stern in season eleven (2016). Regis Philbin was the original host (season one), followed by Jerry Springer for two seasons (2007 -- 2008), followed by Nick Cannon for eight seasons (2009 -- 2016). Supermodel and host Tyra Banks replaced Cannon for the twelfth season (2017). Title: American Idol Passage: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons. Title: Law of the United States Passage: As federal judge Alex Kozinski has pointed out, binding precedent as we know it today simply did not exist at the time the Constitution was framed. Judicial decisions were not consistently, accurately, and faithfully reported on both sides of the Atlantic (reporters often simply rewrote or failed to publish decisions which they disliked), and the United Kingdom lacked a coherent court hierarchy prior to the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, English judges in the eighteenth century subscribed to now-obsolete natural law theories of law, by which law was believed to have an existence independent of what individual judges said. Judges saw themselves as merely declaring the law which had always theoretically existed, and not as making the law. Therefore, a judge could reject another judge's opinion as simply an incorrect statement of the law, in the way that scientists regularly reject each other's conclusions as incorrect statements of the laws of science. Title: American Idol Passage: The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons. Title: Beavis and Butt-Head Passage: Beavis and Butt - Head is an American animated sitcom created and designed by Mike Judge. The series originated from Frog Baseball, a 1992 short film by Judge originally aired on Liquid Television. After seeing the short, MTV signed Judge to develop the concept. The series first ran from March 8, 1993, to November 28, 1997. The series was later renewed for an eighth season, which aired from October 27 to December 29, 2011. In 1996, the series was adapted into the animated feature film Beavis and Butt - Head Do America. Title: American Idol Passage: The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. Title: American Idol Passage: The thirteenth season premiered on January 15, 2014, with Ryan Seacrest returning as host. Randy Jackson and Keith Urban returned, though Jackson moved from the judging panel to the role of in-mentor. Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj left the panel after one season. Former judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr. joined Urban on the panel. Also, Nigel Lythgoe and Ken Warwick were replaced as executive producers by Per Blankens, Jesse Ignjatovic and Evan Pragger. Bill DeRonde replaced Warwick as a director of the audition episodes, while Louis J. Horvitz replaced Gregg Gelfand as a director of the show. Title: Arthur D. Hay Passage: Arthur Douglas Hay (1884–1952) was an American attorney and judge in Oregon. He was the 62nd Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, serving from 1942 to 1952. Prior to his appointment to the state's highest court, Hay served as a state circuit court judge. Title: American Idol Passage: Season nine premiered on January 12, 2010. The upheaval at the judging panel continued. Ellen DeGeneres joined as a judge to replace Paula Abdul at the start of Hollywood Week. Title: The Voice of Germany (season 4) Passage: The Voice of Germany (season 4) is a German reality talent show that premiered on 9 October 2014 on ProSieben and Sat.1. Based on the reality singing competition "The Voice of Holland", the series was created by Dutch television producer John de Mol. It is part of an international series. Only one judge from season 3, Samu Haber, singer of the Finnish pop-rock band Sunrise Avenue was retained for season 4. The other three judges of season 3, Nena, The BossHoss and Max Herre were replaced. Nena and The BossHoss had served for the program's all three previous seasons and Herre had been a new judge in season 3. They were replaced by the returning judge, the Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist Rea Garvey, a judge for seasons 1 and 2 coming back after a hiatus of a year. Stefanie Kloß lead singer of the band Silbermond resided for the first time in the series. So did the two collaborating judges sitting together, the German artists Michi Beck and Smudo both part of German hip hop group Die Fantastischen Vier. The season was won by Charley Ann Schmutzler.	[ "American Idol" ]
What county contains the city where Terry Cox was born?	Ector County	[]	Title: Odessa American Passage: The Odessa American is a newspaper based in Odessa, Texas, that serves Odessa as well as the rest of Ector County. Title: Terry Cox (baseball) Passage: Terry Lee Cox (born March 30, 1949, in Odessa, Texas) is a former professional baseball player who played one season for the California Angels of Major League Baseball. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.	[ "Odessa American", "Terry Cox (baseball)" ]
How many households were in Oklahoma's largest city?	230,233	[]	Title: Oklahoma Passage: Oklahoma i/ˌoʊkləˈhoʊmə/ (Cherokee: Asgaya gigageyi / ᎠᏍᎦᏯ ᎩᎦᎨᏱ; or translated ᎣᎦᎳᎰᎹ (òɡàlàhoma), Pawnee: Uukuhuúwa, Cayuga: Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state located in the South Central United States. Oklahoma is the 20th most extensive and the 28th most populous of the 50 United States. The state's name is derived from the Choctaw words okla and humma, meaning "red people". It is also known informally by its nickname, The Sooner State, in reference to the non-Native settlers who staked their claims on the choicest pieces of land before the official opening date, and the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889, which opened the door for white settlement in America's Indian Territory. The name was settled upon statehood, Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory were merged and Indian was dropped from the name. On November 16, 1907, Oklahoma became the 46th state to enter the union. Its residents are known as Oklahomans, or informally "Okies", and its capital and largest city is Oklahoma City. Title: Oklahoma Passage: The Egyptian art collection at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago and Los Angeles. The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world, and Oklahoma City's National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum documents the heritage of the American Western frontier. With remnants of the Holocaust and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: With regards to Mexican drug cartels, Oklahoma City has traditionally been the territory of the notorious Juárez Cartel, but the Sinaloa Cartel has been reported as trying to establish a foothold in Oklahoma City. There are many rival gangs in Oklahoma City, one whose headquarters has been established in the city, the Southside Locos, traditionally known as Sureños. Title: Oklahoma Passage: In descending order of population, Oklahoma's largest cities in 2010 were: Oklahoma City (579,999, +14.6%), Tulsa (391,906, −0.3%), Norman (110,925, +15.9%), Broken Arrow (98,850, +32.0%), Lawton (96,867, +4.4%), Edmond (81,405, +19.2%), Moore (55,081, +33.9%), Midwest City (54,371, +0.5%), Enid (49,379, +5.0%), and Stillwater (45,688, +17.0%). Of the state's ten largest cities, three are outside the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City and Tulsa, and only Lawton has a metropolitan statistical area of its own as designated by the United States Census Bureau, though the metropolitan statistical area of Fort Smith, Arkansas extends into the state. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: There were 230,233 households, 29.4% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. One person households account for 30.5% of all households and 8.7% of all households had someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.11. Title: Bethany, Oklahoma Passage: Bethany is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States, and a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area. The community was founded in 1909 by followers of the Church of the Nazarene from Oklahoma City. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The third-largest university in the state, the University of Central Oklahoma, is located just north of the city in the suburb of Edmond. Oklahoma Christian University, one of the state's private liberal arts institutions, is located just south of the Edmond border, inside the Oklahoma City limits. Title: Oklahoma Passage: According to Forbes magazine, Oklahoma City-based Devon Energy Corporation, Chesapeake Energy Corporation, and SandRidge Energy Corporation are the largest private oil-related companies in the nation, and all of Oklahoma's Fortune 500 companies are energy-related. Tulsa's ONEOK and Williams Companies are the state's largest and second-largest companies respectively, also ranking as the nation's second and third-largest companies in the field of energy, according to Fortune magazine. The magazine also placed Devon Energy as the second-largest company in the mining and crude oil-producing industry in the nation, while Chesapeake Energy ranks seventh respectively in that sector and Oklahoma Gas & Electric ranks as the 25th-largest gas and electric utility company. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: Oklahoma City is the capital and largest city of the state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, the city ranks 27th among United States cities in population. The population grew following the 2010 Census, with the population estimated to have increased to 620,602 as of July 2014. As of 2014, the Oklahoma City metropolitan area had a population of 1,322,429, and the Oklahoma City-Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,459,758 (Chamber of Commerce) residents, making it Oklahoma's largest metropolitan area. Oklahoma City's city limits extend into Canadian, Cleveland, and Pottawatomie counties, though much of those areas outside of the core Oklahoma County area are suburban or rural (watershed). The city ranks as the eighth-largest city in the United States by land area (including consolidated city-counties; it is the largest city in the United States by land area whose government is not consolidated with that of a county or borough). Title: WKY Passage: WKY (930 AM) is a radio station located in Oklahoma City and is under ownership of Cumulus Media. Its studios are in Northwest Oklahoma City, and the transmitter and 1 tower are located on E. Britton Road in Oklahoma City. Title: KXXY-FM Passage: KXXY-FM (96.1 FM, "96.1 KXY") is a country music formatted radio station serving the Oklahoma City area and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.. KXY was the flagship station of the Oklahoma City Barons hockey team before they left Oklahoma City. Its transmitter is located in Northeast Oklahoma City, and studios are located at the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the twelfth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population, with a total population of 5,751 according to the 2000 United States Census. Jacksonville has Florida's largest Filipino American community, with 25,033 in the metropolitan area as of the 2010 Census. Much of Jacksonville's Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy.	[ "Oklahoma", "Oklahoma City" ]
Who was the main subject of biographies of the composer of Piece in F for Keyboard, K. 33b?	Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart	[ "Mozart" ]	Title: Zulu Winter Passage: Zulu Winter were a five piece indie rock band formed in London in 2011. The band consisted of Will Daunt (vocals & guitar), Iain Lock (backing vocals and bass), Dom Millard (keyboards), Henry Walton (guitar) and Guy Henderson (drums). Title: Biographies of Mozart Passage: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died after a short illness on 5 December 1791, aged 35. His reputation as a composer, already strong during his lifetime, rose rapidly in the years after his death, and he became (as he has remained to this day) one of the most celebrated of all composers. Title: Piece in F for Keyboard, K. 33B (Mozart) Passage: Mozart wrote this piece in pencil on the back of a circular by the Zürcher Musikkollegium (Zürich Music College) dated 30 September 1766, when the Mozart family came to the end of their Grand Tour. The circular invited sponsors, music lovers and other people who might be interested to concerts by "the young (9 years old) Master Mozart as well as his maiden sister" (Maria Anna – Nannerl) on October 7 and 9. It can be assumed that Mozart played or improvised this lively piece in one of those concerts, the programs to which are lost. Mozart wrote it on the back of the circular probably as a souvenir for the College's board; otherwise he would have used his sister's notebook or his third book of sketches (""), which is also lost. The autograph became known very late (in 1942), and so is missing from Alfred Einstein's 3rd edition of the Köchel catalogue.	[ "Piece in F for Keyboard, K. 33B (Mozart)", "Biographies of Mozart" ]
What percent of the population in the country with the largest economy in Africa is Christian?	58%	[]	Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the twelfth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010[update], there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population, with a total population of 5,751 according to the 2000 United States Census. Jacksonville has Florida's largest Filipino American community, with 25,033 in the metropolitan area as of the 2010 Census. Much of Jacksonville's Filipino community served in or has ties to the United States Navy. Title: Nigeria Passage: As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next "BRIC-like" economies. It is also listed among the "Next Eleven" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is a religiously diverse society, with Islam and Christianity being the most widely professed religions. Nigerians are nearly equally divided into Christians and Muslims, with a tiny minority of adherents of Animism and other religions. According to one recent estimate, over 40% of Nigeria's population adheres to Islam (mainly Sunni, other branches are also present). Christianity is practised by 58% of the population (among them 74% are Protestant, 25% Roman Catholic, 1% other Christian). Adherents of Animism and other religions collectively represent 1.4% of the population. Title: List of countries by GDP (nominal) Passage: The United States is the world's largest economy with a GDP of approximately $18.56 trillion, notably due to high average incomes, a large population, capital investment, moderate unemployment, high consumer spending, a relatively young population, and technological innovation. Tuvalu is the world's smallest national economy with a GDP of about $32 million because of its very small population, a lack of natural resources, reliance on foreign aid, negligible capital investment, demographic problems, and low average incomes. Title: Economy of Oceania Passage: On a total scale the region has approximately 34,700,201 inhabitants who are spread among 30,000 islands in the South Pacific bordered between Asia and the Americas. This region has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial market of Australia to the much less developed economies that belong to many of its island neighbours. New Zealand is the only other developed country in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world. Title: List of African countries by GDP (nominal) Passage: 2017 Rank Country Nominal GDP ($billions) Nominal GDP per capita (US $) Notes Nigeria 376.284 1,994.235 South Africa 349.299 6,179.870 Egypt 237.037 2,500.772 Algeria 178.287 4,292.272 Angola 124.209 4,407.657 6 Sudan 119.00 1,428.000 7 Morocco 109.824 3,151.145 8 Ethiopia 80.874 872.840 9 Kenya 79.511 1,701.550 10 Tanzania 51.725 1,033.567 11 Ghana 47.032 1,663.190 12 Democratic Republic of the Congo 41.441 478.237 13 Ivory Coast 40.360 1,616.981 14 Tunisia 40.275 3,496.286 15 Cameroon 34.006 1,400.743 16 Libya 31.331 4,858.672 17 Uganda 26.349 699.410 18 Zambia 25.504 1,479.542 19 Zimbabwe 17.491 1,175.723 20 Botswana 17.168 7,876.997 21 Senegal 16.463 1,038.094 22 Mali 15.318 810.771 23 Gabon 15.206 7,971.589 24 Namibia 12.687 5,413.508 25 Mozambique 12.681 429.296 26 Burkina Faso 12.569 663.806 27 Mauritius 12.428 9,794.102 28 Madagascar 11.463 447.558 29 Equatorial Guinea 10.725 12,726.956 30 Chad 9.872 810.163 31 Guinea 9.721 749.463 32 Benin 9.238 830.404 33 Rwanda 9.137 771.702 34 Congo 8.513 1,958.174 35 Niger 8.253 439.997 36 Somalia 7.382 547.32 37 Malawi 6.206 323.740 38 Eritrea 5.813 979.692 39 Mauritania 5.116 1,317.938 40 Togo 4.767 611.133 41 Swaziland 4.491 3,914.821 42 Sierra Leone 3.641 491.448 43 Burundi 3.396 312.463 44 Liberia 3.285 729.292 45 South Sudan 2.870 228.034 46 Lesotho 2.768 1,425.310 47 Djibouti 2.029 1,988.765 48 Central African Republic 1.928 386.806 49 Cape Verde 1.741 3,237.597 50 Seychelles 1.482 15,685.955 51 Guinea - Bissau 1.350 794.107 52 The Gambia 1.009 480.040 53 Comoros 0.652 787.831 54 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.379 1,785.280 -- Total 2,191.104 Title: Valencia Passage: The crisis deepened during the 17th century with the expulsion in 1609 of the Jews and the Moriscos, descendants of the Muslim population that converted to Christianity under threat of exile from Ferdinand and Isabella in 1502. From 1609 through 1614, the Spanish government systematically forced Moriscos to leave the kingdom for Muslim North Africa. They were concentrated in the former Kingdom of Aragon, where they constituted a fifth of the population, and the Valencia area specifically, where they were roughly a third of the total population. The expulsion caused the financial ruin of some of the nobility and the bankruptcy of the Taula de Canvi in 1613. The Crown endeavoured to compensate the nobles, who had lost much of their agricultural labour force; this harmed the economy of the city for generations to come. Later, during the so-called Catalan Revolt (1640–1652), Valencia contributed to the cause of Philip IV with militias and money, resulting in a period of further economic hardship exacerbated by the arrival of troops from other parts of Spain. Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Malawi Passage: Malawi (, or ; or [maláwi]), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in southeast Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast, and Mozambique on the east, south and west. Malawi spans over and has an estimated population of (as of July ). Lake Malawi takes up about a third of Malawi's area. Its capital is Lilongwe, which is also Malawi's largest city; the second largest is Blantyre, the third largest is Mzuzu and the fourth largest is its old capital Zomba. The name Malawi comes from the Maravi, an old name of the Nyanja people that inhabit the area. The country is also nicknamed ""The Warm Heart of Africa"" because of the friendliness of the people. Title: Mali Passage: Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali (), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over . The population of Mali is /1e6 round 1 million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. Title: Africa Passage: Africans profess a wide variety of religious beliefs, and statistics on religious affiliation are difficult to come by since they are often a sensitive topic for governments with mixed religious populations. According to the World Book Encyclopedia, Islam is the largest religion in Africa, followed by Christianity. According to Encyclopædia Britannica, 45% of the population are Christians, 40% are Muslims, and 10% follow traditional religions. A small number of Africans are Hindu, Buddhist, Confucianist, Baha'i, or Jewish. There is also a minority of people in Africa who are irreligious. Title: Christian Passage: As of the early 21st century, Christianity has approximately 2.4 billion adherents. The faith represents about a third of the world's population and is the largest religion in the world. Christians have composed about 33 percent of the world's population for around 100 years. The largest Christian denomination is the Roman Catholic Church, with 1.17 billion adherents, representing half of all Christians.	[ "Nigeria", "List of African countries by GDP (nominal)" ]
Who directed the film that shares its title with the country that Roger Feghali was a citizen of?	Samuel Maoz	[]	Title: Roger Feghali Passage: Roger Feghali (born 20 September 1973 in Wadi Chahrour, Lebanon) is a Lebanese rally driver, he is 14 times Lebanese Rally champion and the record holder of wins in Rally of Lebanon (part of MERC). Title: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens Passage: Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index. Title: Melissa L. Tatum Passage: Melissa L. Tatum is the research professor of law and former director of the Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program at the University of Arizona's James E. Rogers College of Law. She previously served as professor of law and co-director of the Native American Law Center at the University of Tulsa College of Law. Title: Switzerland Passage: The Swiss Armed Forces, including the Land Forces and the Air Force, are composed mostly of conscripts, male citizens aged from 20 to 34 (in special cases up to 50) years. Being a landlocked country, Switzerland has no navy; however, on lakes bordering neighbouring countries, armed military patrol boats are used. Swiss citizens are prohibited from serving in foreign armies, except for the Swiss Guards of the Vatican, or if they are dual citizens of a foreign country and reside there. Title: Sharon Thomas Passage: Sharon Thomas (born June 3, 1946) is an American actress. She is the wife of director Christopher Cain. Their three children are musician Roger Cain and actors Dean Cain and Krisinda Cain Schafer. Title: Szymon Szurmiej Passage: Szymon Symcha Szurmiej (18 June 1923 − 16 July 2014) was a Polish actor, director, and general manager of the Ester Rachel Kamińska and Ida Kamińska State Jewish Theater in Warsaw. He was a director of the Yiddish Theater of Warsaw. Since July 2004, he has been an honorary citizen of Warsaw. Member of the World Jewish Congress. Title: The King Is Gone (So Are You) Passage: ``The King Is Gone (So Are You) ''is a novelty song written by Roger D. Ferris and recorded by American country singer George Jones. Title: Roger E. Mosley Passage: Roger Earl Mosley (born December 18, 1938) is a retired American actor, director and writer best known for his role as the helicopter pilot Theodore ``T.C. ''Calvin in the television series, Magnum, P.I.. Title: Islands in the Stream (song) Passage: ``Islands in the Stream ''is a song written by the Bee Gees and sung by American country music artists Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton. Named after the Ernest Hemingway novel, it was originally written for Marvin Gaye in an R&B style, only later to be changed for the Kenny Rogers album. It was released in August 1983 as the first single from Rogers' album Eyes That See in the Dark. Title: José Feghali Passage: José Feghali (March 28, 1961 – December 9, 2014) was a Brazilian pianist, who, until his death, was an Artist-in-Residence at Texas Christian University's school of music in piano. He was the Gold Medalist winner of the Van Cliburn International Piano Competition in 1985. Title: Lebanon (2009 film) Passage: Lebanon (; Lebanon: The Soldier's Journey in the UK) is a 2009 internationally co-produced war film directed by Samuel Maoz. It won the Leone d'Oro at the 66th Venice International Film Festival, becoming the first Israeli-produced film to have won that honour. In Israel itself the film has caused some controversy. The film was nominated for ten Ophir Awards, including Best Film. The film also won the 14th Annual Satyajit Ray Award. Title: I Don't Need You Passage: "I Don't Need You" is a song written by Rick Christian and recorded by American country music artist Kenny Rogers. It was released in June 1981 as the lead single from Rogers album "Share Your Love".	[ "Lebanon (2009 film)", "Roger Feghali" ]
Who is the spouse of the president of the Russian Republic when the country that won the most medals in the 1960 winter Olympics disintegrated?	Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva	[ "Raisa Gorbacheva" ]	Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self - governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union. It was a result of the declaration number 142 - Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers -- including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes -- to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7: 32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag. Title: Raisa Gorbacheva Passage: Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva ( "Raisa Maksimovna Gorbachyova", , Титаренко; 5 January 1932 – 20 September 1999) was a Russian activist who was the wife of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. She raised funds for the preservation of Russian cultural heritage, fostering of new talent, and treatment programs for children's blood cancer. Title: List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners Passage: A total of 131 athletes won medals at the 1960 Games. The Soviet Union was awarded the most medals, with its athletes winning seven gold medals, five silver, and nine bronze, for a total of 21 medals overall. The United States placed second in medal count, with a total of 10 medals, and Germany placed third, with eight medals overall. Of the 30 NOCs competing in the 1960 Games, 14 won at least one medal, with 10 of these winning at least one gold medal. There was a bronze medal awarded to Theron Bailie, USA, for the development of the digital clock used for the first time in downhill skiing.	[ "List of 1960 Winter Olympics medal winners", "Raisa Gorbacheva", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" ]
How long is the term for a member of the body given authority in 1824 to choose the president by the document granting limited power to enact statutes to Congress?	five-year term	[]	Title: Law of the United States Passage: Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce. The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. Many statutes give executive branch agencies the power to create regulations, which are published in the Federal Register and codified into the Code of Federal Regulations. Regulations generally also carry the force of law under the Chevron doctrine. Many lawsuits turn on the meaning of a federal statute or regulation, and judicial interpretations of such meaning carry legal force under the principle of stare decisis. Title: 1824 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote. Title: Federal government of the United States Passage: The executive power in the federal government is vested in the President of the United States, although power is often delegated to the Cabinet members and other officials. The president and vice president are elected as running mates by the Electoral College, for which each state, as well as the District of Columbia, is allocated a number of seats based on its representation (or ostensible representation, in the case of D.C.) in both houses of Congress. The president is limited to a maximum of two four - year terms. If the president has already served two years or more of a term to which some other person was elected, he or she may only serve one more additional four - year term. Title: Greece Passage: Legislative powers are exercised by a 300-member elective unicameral Parliament. Statutes passed by the Parliament are promulgated by the President of the Republic. Parliamentary elections are held every four years, but the President of the Republic is obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier on the proposal of the Cabinet, in view of dealing with a national issue of exceptional importance. The President is also obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier, if the opposition manages to pass a motion of no confidence. Title: Article One of the United States Constitution Passage: Although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution, Congress has also long asserted the power to investigate and the power to compel cooperation with an investigation. The Supreme Court has affirmed these powers as an implication of Congress's power to legislate. Since the power to investigate is an aspect of Congress's power to legislate, it is as broad as Congress's powers to legislate. However, it is also limited to inquiries that are ``in aid of the legislative function; ''Congress may not`` expose for the sake of exposure.'' It is uncontroversial that a proper subject of Congress's investigation power is the operations of the federal government, but Congress's ability to compel the submission of documents or testimony from the President or his subordinates is often - discussed and sometimes controversial (see executive privilege), although not often litigated. As a practical matter, the limitation of Congress's ability to investigate only for a proper purpose (``in aid of ''its legislative powers) functions as a limit on Congress's ability to investigate the private affairs of individual citizens; matters that simply demand action by another branch of government, without implicating an issue of public policy necessitating legislation by Congress, must be left to those branches due to the doctrine of separation of powers. The courts are highly deferential to Congress's exercise of its investigation powers, however. Congress has the power to investigate that which it could regulate, and the courts have interpreted Congress's regulatory powers broadly since the Great Depression. Title: President of South Africa Passage: The President is elected by the National Assembly, the lower house of Parliament, and is usually the leader of the largest party, which has been the African National Congress since the first non-racial elections were held on 27 April 1994. The Constitution limits the president's time in office to two five - year terms. The first president to be elected under the new constitution was Nelson Mandela. The incumbent is Cyril Ramaphosa, who was elected by the National Assembly on 15 February 2018 following the resignation of Jacob Zuma. Title: Dominican Republic Passage: The Dominican Republic is a representative democracy or democratic republic, with three branches of power: executive, legislative, and judicial. The president of the Dominican Republic heads the executive branch and executes laws passed by the congress, appoints the cabinet, and is commander in chief of the armed forces. The president and vice-president run for office on the same ticket and are elected by direct vote for 4-year terms. The national legislature is bicameral, composed of a senate, which has 32 members, and the Chamber of Deputies, with 178 members.Judicial authority rests with the Supreme Court of Justice's 16 members. They are appointed by a council composed of the president, the leaders of both houses of Congress, the President of the Supreme Court, and an opposition or non–governing-party member. The court "alone hears actions against the president, designated members of his Cabinet, and members of Congress when the legislature is in session."The Dominican Republic has a multi-party political system. Elections are held every two years, alternating between the presidential elections, which are held in years evenly divisible by four, and the congressional and municipal elections, which are held in even-numbered years not divisible by four. "International observers have found that presidential and congressional elections since 1996 have been generally free and fair." The Central Elections Board (JCE) of nine members supervises elections, and its decisions are unappealable. Starting from 2016, elections will be held jointly, after a constitutional reform. Title: United States midterm election Passage: Midterm elections in the United States refer to general elections in the United States that are held two years after the quadrennial (four - year) elections for the President of the United States (i.e. near the midpoint of the four - year presidential term). Federal offices that are up for election during the midterms are members of the United States Congress, including all 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives, and the full terms for 33 or 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate. Title: Election Commission of India Passage: The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act. The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country's higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Title: United States Congress Passage: Article I of the Constitution creates and sets forth the structure and most of the powers of Congress. Sections One through Six describe how Congress is elected and gives each House the power to create its own structure. Section Seven lays out the process for creating laws, and Section Eight enumerates numerous powers. Section Nine is a list of powers Congress does not have, and Section Ten enumerates powers of the state, some of which may only be granted by Congress. Constitutional amendments have granted Congress additional powers. Congress also has implied powers derived from the Constitution's Necessary and Proper Clause. Title: List of current members of the Rajya Sabha Passage: The Rajya Sabha (RS) or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Membership is limited to 250 members, and the present Rajya Sabha has 245 members. 233 members are elected by state assembly members and 12 are nominated by the President for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. The remainder of the body is elected by the state and territorial legislatures. Members sit for six - year terms, with one third of the members retiring every two years. Title: Cyprus Passage: The House of Representatives currently has 59 members elected for a five-year term, 56 members by proportional representation and 3 observer members representing the Armenian, Latin and Maronite minorities. 24 seats are allocated to the Turkish community but remain vacant since 1964. The political environment is dominated by the communist AKEL, the liberal conservative Democratic Rally, the centrist Democratic Party, the social-democratic EDEK and the centrist EURO.KO. In 2008, Dimitris Christofias became the country's first Communist head of state. Due to his involvement in the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis, Christofias did not run for re-election in 2013. The Presidential election in 2013 resulted in Democratic Rally candidate Nicos Anastasiades winning 57.48% of the vote. As a result, Anastasiades was sworn in on and has been President since 28 February 2013.	[ "Cyprus", "Law of the United States", "1824 United States presidential election" ]
When did public health start in the country where the organization that recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus is headquartered?	1798	[]	Title: Cyprus Passage: Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union. It is located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel and Palestine, north of Egypt and east of Greece. Title: United Nations Security Council Resolution 573 Passage: United Nations Security Council resolution 573, adopted on 4 October 1985, after hearing a complaint by Tunisia, the Council condemned an air raid on the country by the Air Force of Israel on 1 October. The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) headquarters was targeted in the attack, after Israel had responded to the murder of three Israeli citizens in Cyprus. Title: Helen Epstein (HIV/AIDS journalist) Passage: Helen Epstein (born 1961) is an American writer, molecular biologist, and independent consultant specializing in public health in developing countries. She has conducted research on reproductive health and AIDS in Africa for such organizations as the Rockefeller Foundation, the Population Council, and Human Rights Watch, and her articles have appeared in "The New York Review of Books", "The New York Times Magazine", "Granta Magazine", and many other publications. Her research interests include the right to health care in developing countries and the relationship between poverty and health in industrialized countries. Title: Cyprus Passage: Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus. Title: University of Goma Passage: The University of Goma is a public university in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The university was created in 1993 and it is located in the city of Goma, near Lake Kivu in the east of the country. The rector of the school is Jean-Baptiste Gakura Semacumu. Title: Hypertension Passage: The World Health Organization has identified hypertension, or high blood pressure, as the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. The World Hypertension League (WHL), an umbrella organization of 85 national hypertension societies and leagues, recognized that more than 50% of the hypertensive population worldwide are unaware of their condition. To address this problem, the WHL initiated a global awareness campaign on hypertension in 2005 and dedicated May 17 of each year as World Hypertension Day (WHD). Over the past three years, more national societies have been engaging in WHD and have been innovative in their activities to get the message to the public. In 2007, there was record participation from 47 member countries of the WHL. During the week of WHD, all these countries – in partnership with their local governments, professional societies, nongovernmental organizations and private industries – promoted hypertension awareness among the public through several media and public rallies. Using mass media such as Internet and television, the message reached more than 250 million people. As the momentum picks up year after year, the WHL is confident that almost all the estimated 1.5 billion people affected by elevated blood pressure can be reached. Title: United States Public Health Service Passage: The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service (PHS), founded in 1798, as the primary division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW; which was established in 1953), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services in 1979 -- 1980 (when the Education agencies were separated into their own U.S. Department of Education). The Office of the Surgeon General was created in 1871. The PHS comprises all Agency Divisions of Health and Human Services and the Commissioned Corps. The Assistant Secretary for Health (ASH) oversees the PHS and the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. Title: Jussi Huttunen Passage: Professor Jussi Kalervo Huttunen (born 1941 in Helsinki) is a physician (1966 University of Helsinki), scientist, and former director general of the National Public Health Institute of Finland (1978-2003). He is an internist by training, and served as associate professor of internal medicine at the University of Kuopio 1975-1978. As the first director general of the reformed (1982) National Public Health Institute he guided the institute from previously routine microbiological and clinical chemistry laboratory to an internationally recognized research institute in public health. Title: World Health Report Passage: The World Health Report (WHR) is a series of reports produced regularly by the World Health Organization (WHO). First published in 1995, the "World Health Report" is WHO's leading publication. Published annually or biennially in multiple languages, each report includes an expert assessment of a specific global health topic, relating to all countries that are Member States of the organization. Title: Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award Passage: The Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award, known until 2009 as the Mary Woodard Lasker Public Service Award, is awarded by the Lasker Foundation to honor an individual or organization whose public service has profoundly enlarged the possibilities for medical research and the health sciences and their impact on the health of the public. The award, worth $250,000, is presented in odd-numbered years to a winner selected from among policy makers, journalists, philanthropists, advocates, scientists, and public health professionals. It is named after the philanthropists Albert Lasker and Michael R. Bloomberg. Title: Headquarters of the United Nations Passage: The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. Title: List of specialized agencies of the United Nations Passage: The World Health Organization (WHO) acts as a coordinating authority on international public health and deals with health and sanitation and diseases and sends medical teams to help combat epidemics. Established on 7 April 1948, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health Organization, which had been an agency of the League of Nations. It was established in April 7, 1948 when 26 members of the United Nations ratified its Constitution. April 7 is celebrated as the World Health Day every year. The WHO is governed by 194 Member States through the World Health Assembly. Its headquarters are at Geneva in Switzerland.	[ "Headquarters of the United Nations", "Cyprus", "United States Public Health Service" ]
Who was the commander of the British forces in the city where WUMB-FM is located?	William Howe	[]	Title: WUMB-FM Passage: WUMB-FM (91.9 FM) in Boston, Massachusetts is the radio station of University of Massachusetts Boston. It broadcasts an Americana/Blues/Roots/Folk mix hosted by its staff weekdays. On weekends the station concentrates on traditional folk, Celtic, blues, and world music including syndicated programs. Overnight programming starting at midnight and usually through 5am is a repeat of a portion of the previous day's programming; an announcement of this fact is made at midnight. The station has received many awards for its folk music programming. Title: William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe Passage: General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB, PC (10 August 1729 -- 12 July 1814) was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander - in - Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence. Howe was one of three brothers who had distinguished military careers. Title: KKHK Passage: KKHK (95.5 FM, "Bob FM") is a commercial adult hits radio station in Carmel, California, broadcasting to the Santa Cruz-Monterey-Salinas, California area on 95.5 FM. Its studios are in Monterey while its transmitter is located east of the city.	[ "WUMB-FM", "William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe" ]
Who is the president of the senate in the country with the largest economy in Africa?	Bukola Saraki	[ "ABS" ]	Title: Eswatini Passage: Swaziland is a developing country with a small economy. Its GDP per capita of $9,714 means it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa. Swaziland's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Swaziland's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided by its agricultural and manufacturing sectors. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Title: Presiding Officer of the United States Senate Passage: The Constitution also provides for appointment of one of the elected senators to serve as President pro tempore. This senator presides when the vice president is absent from the body. The president pro tempore is selected by the body specifically for the role of presiding in the absence of (as the meaning of pro tempore, literally ``for the time being '') the actual presiding officer. By tradition, the title of President pro tempore has come to be given more - or-less automatically to the most senior senator of the majority party. In actual practice in the modern Senate, the president pro tempore also does not often serve in the role (though it is their constitutional right to do so). Instead, as governed by Rule I, they frequently designate a junior senator to perform the function. Title: List of African countries by GDP (nominal) Passage: 2017 Rank Country Nominal GDP ($billions) Nominal GDP per capita (US $) Notes Nigeria 376.284 1,994.235 South Africa 349.299 6,179.870 Egypt 237.037 2,500.772 Algeria 178.287 4,292.272 Angola 124.209 4,407.657 6 Sudan 119.00 1,428.000 7 Morocco 109.824 3,151.145 8 Ethiopia 80.874 872.840 9 Kenya 79.511 1,701.550 10 Tanzania 51.725 1,033.567 11 Ghana 47.032 1,663.190 12 Democratic Republic of the Congo 41.441 478.237 13 Ivory Coast 40.360 1,616.981 14 Tunisia 40.275 3,496.286 15 Cameroon 34.006 1,400.743 16 Libya 31.331 4,858.672 17 Uganda 26.349 699.410 18 Zambia 25.504 1,479.542 19 Zimbabwe 17.491 1,175.723 20 Botswana 17.168 7,876.997 21 Senegal 16.463 1,038.094 22 Mali 15.318 810.771 23 Gabon 15.206 7,971.589 24 Namibia 12.687 5,413.508 25 Mozambique 12.681 429.296 26 Burkina Faso 12.569 663.806 27 Mauritius 12.428 9,794.102 28 Madagascar 11.463 447.558 29 Equatorial Guinea 10.725 12,726.956 30 Chad 9.872 810.163 31 Guinea 9.721 749.463 32 Benin 9.238 830.404 33 Rwanda 9.137 771.702 34 Congo 8.513 1,958.174 35 Niger 8.253 439.997 36 Somalia 7.382 547.32 37 Malawi 6.206 323.740 38 Eritrea 5.813 979.692 39 Mauritania 5.116 1,317.938 40 Togo 4.767 611.133 41 Swaziland 4.491 3,914.821 42 Sierra Leone 3.641 491.448 43 Burundi 3.396 312.463 44 Liberia 3.285 729.292 45 South Sudan 2.870 228.034 46 Lesotho 2.768 1,425.310 47 Djibouti 2.029 1,988.765 48 Central African Republic 1.928 386.806 49 Cape Verde 1.741 3,237.597 50 Seychelles 1.482 15,685.955 51 Guinea - Bissau 1.350 794.107 52 The Gambia 1.009 480.040 53 Comoros 0.652 787.831 54 São Tomé and Príncipe 0.379 1,785.280 -- Total 2,191.104 Title: Egypt Passage: Modern Egypt is considered to be a regional and middle power, with significant cultural, political, and military influence in North Africa, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Its economy is one of the largest and most diversified in the Middle East, with sectors such as tourism, agriculture, industry and services at almost equal production levels. In 2011, longtime President Hosni Mubarak stepped down amid mass protests. Later elections saw the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood, which was ousted by the army a year later amid mass protests. Title: Iran Passage: Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading cultural and economic center. Iran is a major regional and middle power, exerting considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy through its large reserves of fossil fuels, which include the largest natural gas supply in the world and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves. Iran's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 19 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the fourth-largest number in Asia and 12th-largest in the world. Title: Mali Passage: Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali (), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over . The population of Mali is /1e6 round 1 million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and mining. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. Title: Economy of Oceania Passage: On a total scale the region has approximately 34,700,201 inhabitants who are spread among 30,000 islands in the South Pacific bordered between Asia and the Americas. This region has a diverse mix of economies from the highly developed and globally competitive financial market of Australia to the much less developed economies that belong to many of its island neighbours. New Zealand is the only other developed country in the region, although the economy of Australia is by far the largest and most dominant economy in the region and one of the largest in the world. Title: Child labour Passage: Small-scale artisanal mining of gold is another source of dangerous child labour in poor rural areas in certain parts of the world. This form of mining uses labour-intensive and low-tech methods. It is informal sector of the economy. Human Rights Watch group estimates that about 12 percent of global gold production comes from artisanal mines. In west Africa, in countries such as Mali - the third largest exporter of gold in Africa - between 20,000 and 40,000 children work in artisanal mining. Locally known as orpaillage, children as young as 6 years old work with their families. These children and families suffer chronic exposure to toxic chemicals including mercury, and do hazardous work such as digging shafts and working underground, pulling up, carrying and crushing the ore. The poor work practices harm the long term health of children, as well as release hundreds of tons of mercury every year into local rivers, ground water and lakes. Gold is important to the economy of Mali and Ghana. For Mali, it is the second largest earner of its export revenue. For many poor families with children, it is the primary and sometimes the only source of income. Title: Chad Passage: Chad has several regions: a desert zone in the north, an arid Sahelian belt in the centre and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the largest wetland in Chad and the second - largest in Africa. The capital N'Djamena is the largest city. Title: Economy of India Passage: The economy of India is an underdeveloped mixed economy. It is the world's seventh - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China. The long - term growth prospective of the Indian economy is positive due to its young population, corresponding low dependency ratio, healthy savings and investment rates, and increasing integration into the global economy. Title: President of the Senate of Nigeria Passage: The President of the Senate is the presiding officer of the Senate of Nigeria, elected by its membership. The Senate President is second in line for succession to the Nigerian presidency, after the Vice President of Nigeria. The current President of the Senate is Bukola Saraki. Title: Economy of Texas Passage: As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California.	[ "President of the Senate of Nigeria", "List of African countries by GDP (nominal)" ]
Which year did the founder of Regius Professor of Surgery die?	1820	[]	Title: Regius Professor of Medicine (Oxford) Passage: The Regius Professor of Medicine is an appointment held at the University of Oxford. The chair was founded by Henry VIII of England by 1546, and until the 20th century the title was Regius Professor of Physic. Henry VIII established five Regius Professorships in the University, the others being the Regius chairs of Divinity, Civil Law, Hebrew and Greek. Title: Thomas Hudson Beare Passage: Sir Thomas Hudson Beare FRSE RSSA (30 June 1859 – 10 June 1940) was an eminent British engineer. He was successively Professor of Engineering at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, at University College, London (where he was a colleague of Karl Pearson), and finally Regius Professor of Engineering in Edinburgh University. Title: Benno Erdmann Passage: Erdmann received his Ph.D. in 1873 from the University of Berlin with a dissertation on Kant. The title of his thesis was "Die Stellung des Dinges an sich in Kants Aesthetik und Analytik". Hermann von Helmholtz proposed Erdmann's publication "Die Axiome der Geometrie" (1877) as the basis for a habilitation. In 1878 he became an associate professor at the University of Berlin, in 1879 a full professor at the University of Kiel, and in 1884 he went to the University of Wroclaw, in 1890 to the University of Halle, in 1898 to the University of Bonn and in 1909 he returned to Berlin. Title: John Burnaby Passage: John Burnaby (28 July 1891 – 6 March 1978) was an Anglican priest and Regius Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. He was married to Dorothy Helen Burnaby, née Lock, the sister of Robert Heath Lock. He is buried with his wife in the Parish of the Ascension Burial Ground in Cambridge. Title: Michael R. Harrison Passage: Michael R. Harrison (born May 5, 1943 in Portland, Oregon) served as division chief in Pediatric Surgery at the Children’s Hospital at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) for over 20 years, where he established the first Fetal Treatment Center in the U.S. He is currently a Professor of Surgery and Pediatrics and the Director Emeritus of the UCSF Fetal Treatment Center. Title: Murdoch Cameron Passage: Murdoch Cameron (31 March 1847 – 28 April 1930) was Regius Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Glasgow from 1894 to 1926. He was a pioneer of the Caesarean section under modern antiseptic conditions, becoming world famous after the success of his first such operation in 1888, at what was then the Glasgow Lying-in Hospital and Dispensary, now the Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, an institution he was deeply involved with. He was honorary President of the first international Congress on Obstetrics and Gynaecology, in 1892. His son Samuel James Cameron followed in his footsteps, becoming Reguis Professor of Midwifery at Glasgow in the 1930s. Title: Regius Professor of Surgery (Glasgow) Passage: The Regius Chair of Surgery at the University of Glasgow was founded in 1815 by King George III, who also established the Chairs of Chemistry and Natural History. Title: Advocate Sherman Hospital Passage: Advocate Sherman Hospital is a hospital in Elgin, Illinois. It was founded in 1888, and moved to a new campus in 2009. Until 2004, it was the only local hospital to perform heart surgery. Title: Regius Professor of English Language and Literature (Glasgow) Passage: The Regius Chair of English Language and Literature at the University of Glasgow was founded in 1861 by Queen Victoria, and is the only Regius Professorship in the Faculty of Arts. Title: János Balassa Passage: János Balassa (1815–1868) was a surgeon, university professor, and one of the leading personalities of the Hungarian medical society at the time. He was also an internationally recognized authority within the field of plastic surgery. Professor of Surgery, (1843-) at the University of Pest, (Hungary). Title: Leonard B. Kaban Passage: Leonard B. Kaban, D.M.D., M.D., F.A.C.S. is the Walter C. Guralnick Professor and Chair of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard University. Considered to be a pioneer in oral, maxillofacial and craniofacial surgery, Dr. Kaban has pioneered many techniques for facial skeletal reconstruction. He is perhaps most well known for his contributions to the field of maxillofacial distraction osteogenesis and surgical correction of hemifacial microsomia. Title: Queen Victoria Passage: Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and King George III died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne aged 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died, leaving no surviving legitimate children. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the sovereign held relatively little direct political power. Privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality.	[ "Regius Professor of Surgery (Glasgow)", "Queen Victoria" ]
Who performs at Live at the Philip Donnellan's employer?	Fleetwood Mac	[]	Title: Zapol Glacier Passage: Zapol Glacier () is a steep valley glacier draining the west slope of Vinson Massif south of Silverstein Peak and Príncipe de Asturias Peak, and descending between Tulaczyk Glacier and Donnellan Glacier in the Sentinel Range, Antarctica. The glacier flows southwestward and leaving the range joins Nimitz Glacier south of Hodges Knoll. Title: Live (Jake Shimabukuro album) Passage: Live is Jake Shimabukuro's 2009 solo album. It was released in April 2009, and consists of live in-concert performances from various venues around the world, including New York, Chicago, Japan, and Hawaii. Title: Wilhelm Friedemann Bach Passage: Wilhelm Friedemann Bach (22 November 1710 – 1 July 1784), the second child and eldest son of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach, was a German composer and performer. Despite his acknowledged genius as an organist, improviser and composer, his income and employment were unstable and he died in poverty. Title: Philip IV in Brown and Silver Passage: The Portrait of Philip IV or Philip IV in Brown and Silver is a portrait of Philip IV of Spain painted by Diego Velázquez. It is sometimes known as "Silver Philip" and is now in the National Gallery in London. It was the main portrait of Philip painted by Velázquez in the 1630s, used as the model for many workshop versions. Title: Philip Donnellan Passage: From there, Donnellan diversified into television, focusing on working people; his first film was "Joe The Chainsmith", and his 1962 "Private Faces" was a portrait of a Durham miner. He also filmed public figures such as Konrad Adenauer, Jawaharlal Nehru and Charles de Gaulle; these were well received but he found them less satisfying. His continual addressing of political issues led to many editorial disputes, but Donnellan kept his film-making base at Pebble Mill in Birmingham, which meant he could present his films to the BBC controllers as "faits accomplis". Title: Tuvalu Passage: New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have access to seasonal employment in the horticulture and viticulture industries in New Zealand under the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) Work Policy introduced in 2007 allowing for employment of up to 5,000 workers from Tuvalu and other Pacific islands. Tuvaluans can participate in the Australian Pacific Seasonal Worker Program, which allows Pacific Islanders to obtain seasonal employment in the Australian agriculture industry, in particular cotton and cane operations; fishing industry, in particular aquaculture; and with accommodation providers in the tourism industry. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: In 1944, Nasser married Tahia Kazem, the 22-year-old daughter of a wealthy Iranian father and an Egyptian mother, both of whom died when she was young. She was introduced to Nasser through her brother, Abdel Hamid Kazim, a merchant friend of Nasser's, in 1943. After their wedding, the couple moved into a house in Manshiyat al-Bakri, a suburb of Cairo, where they would live for the rest of their lives. Nasser's entry into the officer corps in 1937 secured him relatively well-paid employment in a society where most people lived in poverty. Title: Jesus at the Center: Live Passage: Jesus at the Center: Live is a contemporary worship live album recorded and performed by Israel & New Breed. The album is released by Integrity Media and Columbia Records. The album was recorded live at Lakewood Church in early February 2012. Title: Live at the BBC (Fleetwood Mac album) Passage: Live at the BBC is a double compact disc compilation album by British blues rock band Fleetwood Mac, recorded at various BBC radio sessions between 1967 and 1971. It contains many tracks by Fleetwood Mac which are otherwise unavailable. Title: Donnellan Glacier Passage: Donnellan Glacier () is a steep valley glacier fed by highland ice adjacent to Opalchenie Peak and Fukushima Peak on Vinson Plateau, the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, in the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. The glacier flows west-southwestward from Opalchenie Peak along the northwest side of Mount Slaughter into Nimitz Glacier. Title: Into Great Silence Passage: Into Great Silence () is a documentary film directed by Philip Gröning that was released in 2005. It is an intimate portrayal of the everyday lives of Carthusian monks of the Grande Chartreuse, a monastery high in the French Alps (Chartreuse Mountains). Title: Canadian Human Rights Commission Passage: The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the "Canadian Human Rights Act" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the "Employment Equity Act" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.	[ "Philip Donnellan", "Live at the BBC (Fleetwood Mac album)" ]
When was the state of emergency declared in the country that elects its leaders by voting?	20 October 1952	[]	Title: 1876 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 1876 was the 23rd quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 7, 1876. It was one of the most contentious and controversial presidential elections in American history. The results of the election remain among the most disputed ever, although it is not disputed that Samuel J. Tilden of New York outpolled Ohio's Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote. After a first count of votes, Tilden won 184 electoral votes to Hayes's 165, with 20 votes unresolved. These 20 electoral votes were in dispute in four states. In the case of Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina, each party reported its candidate had won the state, while in Oregon one elector was replaced after being declared illegal for being an ``elected or appointed official ''. The question of who should have been awarded these electoral votes is the source of the continued controversy concerning the results of this election. Title: Mau Mau Uprising Passage: On 20 October 1952, Governor Baring signed an order declaring a State of Emergency. Early the next morning, Operation Jock Scott was launched: the British carried out a mass - arrest of Jomo Kenyatta and 180 other alleged Mau Mau leaders within Nairobi. Jock Scott did not decapitate the movement's leadership as hoped, since news of the impending operation was leaked. Thus, while the moderates on the wanted list awaited capture, the real militants, such as Dedan Kimathi and Stanley Mathenge (both later principal leaders of Mau Mau's forest armies), fled to the forests. Title: Kenya Passage: Kenya is a presidential representative democratic republic. The president is both the head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly and the Senate. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. There was growing concern especially during former president Daniel arap Moi's tenure that the executive was increasingly meddling with the affairs of the judiciary.Kenya has a high degree of corruption according to Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI), a metric which attempts to gauge the prevalence of public sector corruption in various countries. In 2012, the nation placed 139th out of 176 total countries in the CPI, with a score of 27/100. However, there are several rather significant developments with regards to curbing corruption from the Kenyan government, for instance, the establishment of a new and independent Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC).	[ "Kenya", "Mau Mau Uprising" ]
Who is the person who influential in education and is from the country where the village of Wengen and the village where Otto Furrer was born?	Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi	[]	Title: Alps Passage: Some high mountain villages, such as Avoriaz (in France), Wengen, and Zermatt (in Switzerland) are accessible only by cable car or cog-rail trains, and are car free. Other villages in the Alps are considering becoming car free zones or limiting the number of cars for reasons of sustainability of the fragile Alpine terrain. Title: Education Passage: In time, some ideas from these experiments and paradigm challenges may be adopted as the norm in education, just as Friedrich Fröbel's approach to early childhood education in 19th-century Germany has been incorporated into contemporary kindergarten classrooms. Other influential writers and thinkers have included the Swiss humanitarian Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi; the American transcendentalists Amos Bronson Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau; the founders of progressive education, John Dewey and Francis Parker; and educational pioneers such as Maria Montessori and Rudolf Steiner, and more recently John Caldwell Holt, Paul Goodman, Frederick Mayer, George Dennison and Ivan Illich. Title: Otto Furrer Passage: Furrer was born in Zermatt. He became a world champion in the combined event, received a silver medal in the slalom and a bronze medal in the downhill in Cortina d'Ampezzo in 1932. He was killed in an accident on the Matterhorn.	[ "Education", "Alps", "Otto Furrer" ]
Kanye is credited for the shift away from what genre of music shared by Mode 9?	gangsta rap	[ "Gangsta rap" ]	Title: Sea of Thieves Passage: Sea of Thieves Developer (s) Rare Publisher (s) Microsoft Studios Engine Unreal Engine 4 Platform (s) Windows, Xbox One Release 20 March 2018 Genre (s) Action - adventure Mode (s) Multiplayer Title: The Sims Mobile Passage: The Sims Developer (s) Maxis EA Mobile Publisher (s) Electronic Arts Series The Sims Platform (s) iOS, Android Release Brazil: May 9, 2017 Worldwide: March 6, 2018 Genre (s) Life simulation game, God game Mode (s) Single - player, multiplayer Title: Age of Empires II Passage: Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings PC box cover Developer (s) Ensemble Studios Publisher (s) Microsoft (Win, Mac) Konami (PS2) Designer (s) Bruce Shelley Programmer (s) Angelo Laudon Artist (s) Brad Crow Scott Winsett Composer (s) Stephen Rippy Series Age of Empires Engine Genie Engine Platform (s) Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, PlayStation 2 Release September 30, 1999 (show) Windows, Mac OS NA: September 30, 1999 PlayStation 2 NA: November 2, 2001 HD Edition WW: April 9, 2013 Genre (s) Real - time strategy Mode (s) Single - player, multiplayer Title: Drift Away Passage: ``Drift Away ''Single by Dobie Gray from the album Drift Away B - side`` City Stars'' Released February 1973 Format 7 ''(45 rpm) Genre Pop Length 3: 54 Label Decca Songwriter (s) Mentor Williams Producer (s) Mentor Williams Dobie Gray singles chronology ``Rose Garden'' (1972)`` Drift Away ''(1973) ``Loving Arms'' (1973)`` Rose Garden ''(1972) ``Drift Away'' (1973)`` Loving Arms ''(1973) Title: Mode 9 Passage: Babatunde Olusegun Adewale(born June 14, 1975), popularly known by his stage name Modenine, is an English-born Nigerian rapper.In 2014, he released a song titled "Super Human" with Jamaican-American rapper Canibus. Title: Jean-Patrick Manchette Passage: Jean-Patrick Manchette (19 December 1942, Marseille – 3 June 1995, Paris) was a French crime novelist credited with reinventing and reinvigorating the genre. He wrote ten short novels in the seventies and early eighties, and is widely recognized as the foremost French crime fiction author of the 1970s - 1980s. His stories are violent explorations of the human condition and French society. Manchette was politically to the left and his writing reflects this through his analysis of social positions and culture. His books are reminiscent of the "nouvelle vague" crime films of Jean-Pierre Melville, employing a similarly cool, existential style on a typically American genre (film noir for Melville and pulp novels for Manchette). Title: Paladins (video game) Passage: Paladins: Champions of the Realm Developer (s) Hi - Rez Studios Publisher (s) Hi - Rez Studios Engine Unreal Engine 3 Platform (s) Microsoft Windows PlayStation 4 Xbox One macOS Release September 16, 2016 Genre (s) First - person shooter Mode (s) Multiplayer Title: Shadow of the Colossus (2018 video game) Passage: Shadow of the Colossus Developer (s) Bluepoint Games Publisher (s) Sony Interactive Entertainment Composer (s) Kow Otani Platform (s) PlayStation 4 Release NA: February 6, 2018 PAL: February 7, 2018 JP: February 8, 2018 Genre (s) Action - adventure Mode (s) Single - player Title: Put On Passage: ``Put On ''Single by Young Jeezy featuring Kanye West from the album The Recession Released June 3, 2008 (2008 - 06 - 03) Format CD digital download Recorded 2008 Genre Hip hop Length 5: 21 (album version) 4: 19 (radio edit) 4: 46 (video version) Label Corporate Thugz Def Jam Songwriter (s) Jay Jenkins Kanye West Producer (s) Drumma Boy Young Jeezy singles chronology`` Dreamin ''' (2007) Dreamin'2007 ``Put On ''(2008) Put On2008`` Out Here Grindin'' (2008) Out Here Grindin 2008 Kanye West singles chronology ``American Boy ''(2008) American Boy 2008`` Put On'' (2008) Put On2008 ``Swagga Like Us ''(2008) Swagga Like Us 2008 Title: Utrecht Caravaggism Passage: The brief flourishing of Utrecht Caravaggism ended around 1630. At that time, major artists had either died, as in the case of Baburen and ter Brugghen, or had changed style, like Honthorst's shift to portraiture and history scenes informed by the Flemish tendencies popularized by Peter Paul Rubens and his followers. They left a legacy, however, through their influence on Rembrandt's use of chiaroscuro and Gerrit Dou's "niche paintings" (a genre popularized by Honthorst). Title: Bob Kames Passage: Bob Kames (April 21, 1925 – April 9, 2008) was an American musician who specialized in genres such as polka. Kames is credited with developing and popularizing the modern-day version of the song "Dance Little Bird," which is much better known by its more common name, The Chicken Dance. Kames is a member of the Wisconsin Area Music Industry's Hall of Fame. Title: Kanye West Passage: West's middle-class background, flamboyant fashion sense and outspokenness have additionally set him apart from other rappers. Early in his career, he was among the first rappers to publicly criticize the preponderance of homophobia in hip hop. The sales competition between rapper 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation altered the direction of hip hop and helped pave the way for new rappers who did not follow the hardcore-gangster mold. Rosie Swash of The Guardian viewed the sales competition as a historical moment in hip-hop, because it "highlighted the diverging facets of hip-hop in the last decade; the former was gangsta rap for the noughties, while West was the thinking man's alternative." Rolling Stone credited West with transforming hip hop's mainstream, "establishing a style of introspective yet glossy rap [...]", and called him "as interesting and complicated a pop star as the 2000s produced—a rapper who mastered, upped and moved beyond the hip-hop game, a producer who created a signature sound and then abandoned it to his imitators, a flashy, free-spending sybarite with insightful things to say about college, culture and economics, an egomaniac with more than enough artistic firepower to back it up." His 2008 album 808s & Heartbreak polarized both listeners and critics upon its release, but was commercially successful and impacted hip hop and pop stylistically, as it laid the groundwork for a new wave of artists who generally eschewed typical rap braggadocio for intimate subject matter and introspection, including Frank Ocean, The Weeknd, Drake, Future, Kid Cudi, Childish Gambino, Lil Durk, Chief Keef, and Soulja Boy. According to Ben Detrick of XXL magazine, West effectively led a new wave of artists, including Kid Cudi, Wale, Lupe Fiasco, Kidz in the Hall, and Drake, who lacked the interest or ability to rap about gunplay or drug-dealing.	[ "Kanye West", "Mode 9" ]
When did the country where Kanuku Mountains are located become a member of Caricom?	1 August 1973	[]	Title: Trent Summar & the New Row Mob Passage: Trent Summar & The New Row Mob is an American country music group from the state of Tennessee. Its members comprise Trent Summar (lead vocals), Ken McMahan (guitar), Dan Baird (guitar), Dave Kennedy (drums), and Michael "Supe" Granda (bass guitar, vocals). Granda is a founding member of Ozark Mountain Daredevils, Baird is a former member of the Southern rock band The Georgia Satellites, and Summar previously fronted a band called Hank Flamingo. To date, Trent Summar & The New Row Mob have recorded two studio albums and a live compilation, in addition to charting one single on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts. Title: Geography of Iran Passage: The topography of Iran consists of rugged, mountainous rims surrounding high interior basins. The main mountain chain is the Zagros Mountains, a series of parallel ridges interspersed with plains that bisect the country from northwest to southeast. Many peaks in the Zagros exceed 3,000 metres (9,843 ft) above sea level, and in the south - central region of the country there are at least five peaks that are over 4,000 metres (13,123 ft). Title: History of Ethiopia Passage: Between 1528 and 1540, armies of Muslims, under the Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al - Ghazi, entered Ethiopia from the low country to the south - east, and overran the Abyssinian Kingdom, obliging the Emperor to take refuge in the mountain fastnesses. In this remote location, the ruler again turned to the Portuguese. João Bermudes, a subordinate member of the mission of 1520, who had remained in the country after the departure of the embassy, was, according to his own statement (which is untrustworthy), ordained successor to the Abuna (archbishop), and sent to Lisbon. Bermudes certainly came to Europe, but with what credentials is not known. Title: Kjelkehøene Passage: Kjelkehøene is a mountain in Oppland, southern Norway. It is located in the Lesja municipality of Oppland. It has an altitude of 1692 meters above sea level and is the 792nd highest mountain in the country of mountains with primary factor of at least 50 meters. Title: Greece Passage: Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains or hills, making the country one of the most mountainous in Europe. Mount Olympus, the mythical abode of the Greek Gods, culminates at Mytikas peak 2,918 metres (9,573 ft), the highest in the country. Western Greece contains a number of lakes and wetlands and is dominated by the Pindus mountain range. The Pindus, a continuation of the Dinaric Alps, reaches a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (8,652 ft) at Mt. Smolikas (the second-highest in Greece) and historically has been a significant barrier to east-west travel. Title: Caribbean Community Passage: CARICOM Members Status Name Join date Notes Full member Antigua and Barbuda 4 July 1974 Bahamas 4 July 1983 Not part of customs union Barbados 1 August 1973 One of the four founding members Belize 1 May 1974 Dominica 1 May 1974 Grenada 1 May 1974 Guyana 1 August 1973 One of the four founding members Haiti 2 July 2002 Provisional membership on 4 July 1998 Jamaica 1 August 1973 One of the four founding members Montserrat 1 May 1974 British overseas territory Saint Kitts and Nevis 26 July 1974 Joined as Saint Christopher - Nevis - Anguilla Saint Lucia 1 May 1974 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1 May 1974 Suriname 4 July 1995 Trinidad and Tobago 1 August 1973 One of the four founding members Associate Anguilla July 1999 British overseas territory Bermuda 2 July 2003 British overseas territory British Virgin Islands July 1991 British overseas territory Cayman Islands 16 May 2002 British overseas territory Turks and Caicos Islands July 1991 British overseas territory Observer Aruba Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Colombia Curaçao Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Dominican Republic Mexico Puerto Rico Unincorporated territory of the United States Sint Maarten Constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Venezuela Title: Charles Throsby Passage: Charles Throsby (1777 – 2 April 1828) was an Australian explorer, pioneer and parliamentarian. He opened up much new land beyond the Blue Mountains for colonial settlement. He was a grazier, and became a prominent member of New South Wales society. Title: Kanuku Mountains Passage: The Kanuku Mountains are a group of mountains in Guyana, located in the Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo region. The name means 'forest' in the Wapishana language, a reference to the rich diversity of wildlife found there. The Eastern Kanuku Mountains and the Western Kanuku Mountains are separated by the Rupununi River. Title: South Sudan Passage: On 9 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th independent country in Africa and since 14 July 2011, South Sudan is the 193rd member of the United Nations. On 27 July 2011 South Sudan became the 54th country to join the African Union. Title: Carlos Martínez Gorriarán Passage: Carlos Martínez Gorriarán is a Spanish scholar, born in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. After being a member of marxist and basque nationalist movements, he became one of the founding members and spokespersons of ¡Basta Ya! association and head of the Plataforma Pro from which the Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) party emerged in September 2007. In ¡Basta Ya! he was opposed to ETA, and also to the "obligatory nationalism" that he considered to be occurring in the Basque Country. He is a member of the Directing and Political counsels of the party. Title: Mount Filberg Passage: Mount Filberg is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located east of Gold River and northeast of Rambler Peak. It is a member of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains. Title: Caribbean Community Passage: Established mainly by the English - speaking parts of the Caribbean, CARICOM has become multilingual in practice with the addition of Dutch - speaking Suriname on 4 July 1995 and French - and Haitian Kreyòl - speaking Haiti on 2 July 2002. Furthermore, it was suggested that Spanish should also become a working language. In July 2012, CARICOM announced that they were considering making French and Dutch official languages. In 2001, the heads of government signed a revised Treaty of Chaguaramas that cleared the way to transform the idea of a common market CARICOM into a Caribbean (CARICOM) Single Market and Economy. Part of the revised treaty establishes and implements the Caribbean Court of Justice.	[ "Caribbean Community", "Kanuku Mountains" ]
When did the performer of Two Lanes of Freedom release his first album?	1993	[]	Title: Edwould Passage: "Edwould" was the third single from Larrikin Love, and the first to be taken from their debut album "The Freedom Spark". It was also the band's first major label release and the first to receive full distribution, and subsequently reached number 49 on the UK charts. Title: The Piano Concerto/MGV Passage: The Piano Concerto/MGV is the 23rd album by Michael Nyman, released in 1994. It contains two compositions, "The Piano Concerto" and "MGV". The first is performed by Kathryn Stott and the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Michael Nyman, and the second is performed by the Michael Nyman Band and Orchestra with Michael Nyman at the piano. Title: Good People in Times of Evil Passage: Good People in Times of Evil is the fifth collaborative live album by bassist Jonas Hellborg and guitarist Shawn Lane, released on 10 November 2000 through Bardo Records. For this line-up they are joined by percussionist V. Selvaganesh, and as such it is the first album by Hellborg and Lane to incorporate Indian music. Title: Let Freedom Ring Passage: Let Freedom Ring is an album by jazz saxophonist Jackie McLean, recorded in 1962 and released on the Blue Note label. Title: Strays (Jane's Addiction album) Passage: Strays is the third studio album by American rock band Jane's Addiction, released on July 22, 2003 on Capitol Records. Released 13 years after "Ritual de lo habitual" (1990), the album marks the band's longest gap between full studio albums, although the group had recorded and released two new songs six years prior on the compilation album "Kettle Whistle" (1997). "Strays" is the first album to feature bassist Chris Chaney. Regarding the decision to record a new studio album after such a long hiatus, drummer Stephen Perkins stated that the band had already completed two reunion tours performing old material, and that Jane's was ready for "a new challenge." Title: Elton John's Greatest Hits Volume II Passage: Elton John's Greatest Hits Volume II, a compilation album released in 1977, is the sixteenth official album release for Elton John. The original 1977 US version features one song from 1971 and two songs from 1974 that were not on the first greatest hits album. It also features several hit songs from 1975 and two hit singles from Elton's last year of performing in 1976. Title: Tychozorente Passage: Tychozorente is an album by Omar Rodríguez-López. The digital version was released on September 14, 2010, and the CD was released by Rodriguez Lopez Productions in Europe on November 18, 2010. This record is Omar's first collaboration with DJ Nobody and his first release to feature no guitar. Two songs, "Polaridad" and "El Todo" were premiered during a performance by Omar Rodriguez Lopez Group at Metamorphose Festival, Japan, on September 4, 2010. An official video directed by Omar for "Polaridad" was released the day following the album's digital release. Title: Livin' in the Fast Lane Passage: Livin' in the Fast Lane is the fourth studio album by the American hip hop group The Sugarhill Gang, released in 1984 on Sugar Hill Records. Title: Queen (band) Passage: On 15 August 2006, Brian May confirmed through his website and fan club that Queen + Paul Rodgers would begin producing their first studio album beginning in October, to be recorded at a "secret location". Queen + Paul Rodgers performed at the Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute held in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008, to commemorate Mandela's ninetieth birthday, and again promote awareness of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The first Queen + Paul Rodgers album, titled The Cosmos Rocks, was released in Europe on 12 September 2008 and in the United States on 28 October 2008. Following the release of the album, the band again went on a tour through Europe, opening on Kharkiv's Freedom Square in front of 350,000 Ukrainian fans. The Kharkiv concert was later released on DVD. The tour then moved to Russia, and the band performed two sold-out shows at the Moscow Arena. Having completed the first leg of its extensive European tour, which saw the band play 15 sold-out dates across nine countries, the UK leg of the tour sold out within 90 minutes of going on sale and included three London dates, the first of which was The O2 on 13 October. The last leg of the tour took place in South America, and included a sold-out concert at the Estadio José Amalfitani, Buenos Aires. Title: Tim McGraw Passage: Tim McGraw (1993) Not a Moment Too Soon (1994) All I Want (1995) Everywhere (1997) A Place in the Sun (1999) Set This Circus Down (2001) Tim McGraw and the Dancehall Doctors (2002) Live Like You Were Dying (2004) Let It Go (2007) Southern Voice (2009) Emotional Traffic (2012) Two Lanes of Freedom (2013) Sundown Heaven Town (2014) Damn Country Music (2015) The Rest of Our Life (with Faith Hill) (2017) Title: Two Lanes of Freedom Passage: Two Lanes of Freedom is the twelfth studio album by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released February 5, 2013, as his first album for Big Machine Records following a 20-year tenure with Curb Records. He co-produced the album with Byron Gallimore, producer of his previously released albums. The album includes the singles "Truck Yeah", "One of Those Nights", "Highway Don't Care" featuring new labelmate Taylor Swift, and "Southern Girl". Title: All I Ever Needed Passage: "All I Ever Needed" is the first single released from Bret Michaels third studio album, "Freedom of Sound". The song is a duet with country music singer Jessica Andrews. It was released on October 9, 2004, where it debuted at #57 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart.	[ "Two Lanes of Freedom", "Tim McGraw" ]
In what year did the highest paid professional sports player go to Manchester United?	2003	[]	Title: Highest-paid NBA players by season Passage: The highest - paid NBA players by season over the past twelve seasons have received contracts with salaries noted in the twenty - million - dollar range. In this twelve - year span, Kevin Garnett received $28,000,000, which was the highest salary payment of any NBA player, during the 2003 -- 04 season. Garnett has been the highest - paid NBA player per year in seven of the past twelve NBA seasons. Michael Jordan was the first NBA player to sign a contract worth over thirty million dollars in a season. During the 1997 -- 98 season, Jordan earned $33,140,000, which still stands as the most any NBA player has earned on a 1 year contract, Jordan also holds the record for the second largest 1 year contract at $30,140,000 in the 1996 - 97 season. Kobe Bryant become just the second player to reach this milestone when the 2013 -- 14 season began. LeBron James became the third in the 2016 -- 17 season. Stephen Curry became the first player to eclipse $40 - Million per year when he signed a record 5 - year contract worth $201 - Million in 2017, starting with $34,682,550 in the 2017 - 18 season and ending with the largest earnings in the 2021 - 22 season with a record payout of $45,780,966. Title: Forbes' list of the world's highest-paid athletes Passage: Rank Name Sport Nation Total Salary / Winnings Endorsements Cristiano Ronaldo Association football Portugal $93 million $58 million $35 million LeBron James Basketball United States $86.2 million $31.2 million $55 million Lionel Messi Association football Argentina $80 million $53 million $27 million Roger Federer Tennis Switzerland $64 million $6 million $58 million 5 Kevin Durant Basketball United States $60.6 million $26.6 million $34 million 6 Andrew Luck American football United States $50 million $47 million $3 million 6 Rory McIlroy Golf Northern Ireland $50 million $16 million $34 million 8 Stephen Curry Basketball United States $47.3 million $12.3 million $35 million 9 James Harden Basketball United States $46.6 million $26.6 million $20 million 10 Lewis Hamilton Auto racing England $46 million $38 million $8 million Title: Cătălin Țăranu Passage: Cătălin Țăranu (in Japanese: タラヌ・カタリン, Taranu Katarin), born March 31, 1973 in Romania, is one of the very few professional players of the board game of Go from outside Asia. Title: Arena Football League Passage: The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football in the United States. It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster, making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America, after the Canadian Football League and the National Football League. It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game. The sport was invented in the early 1980s and patented by Foster, a former executive of the United States Football League and the National Football League. Title: Premier League 20 Seasons Awards Passage: Manchester United's Ryan Giggs was voted as the Best Player. Giggs had played and scored in every Premier League season since its inception and won twelve championship medals, the most by a player. (Since then he won his thirteenth championship medal) Along with him, nine other players were short - listed for the panel of judges vote for Best Player, including four other players from Manchester United: Title: Highest-paid NBA players by season Passage: The highest - paid NBA players by season over the past twelve seasons have received contracts with salaries noted in the twenty - million - dollar range. In this twelve - year span, Kevin Garnett received $28,000,000, which was the highest salary payment of any NBA player, during the 2003 -- 04 season. Garnett has been the highest - paid NBA player per year in seven of the past twelve NBA seasons. Michael Jordan was the first NBA player to sign a contract worth over thirty million dollars in a season. During the 1997 -- 98 season, Jordan earned $33,000,000. Kobe Bryant become just the second player to reach this milestone when the 2013 -- 14 season began. LeBron James became the third in the 2016 -- 17 season. Stephen Curry became the first player to eclipse $40 - Million per year when he signed a record 5 - year contract worth $201 - Million in 2017. Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Born and raised on the Portuguese island of Madeira, Ronaldo was diagnosed with a racing heart at age 15. He underwent an operation to treat his condition, and began his senior club career playing for Sporting CP, before signing with Manchester United at age 18 in 2003. After winning his first trophy, the FA Cup, during his first season in England, he helped United win three successive Premier League titles, a UEFA Champions League title, and a FIFA Club World Cup. By age 22, he had received Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations and at age 23, he won his first Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year awards. In 2009, Ronaldo was the subject of the most expensive association football transfer when he moved from Manchester United to Real Madrid in a transfer worth €94 million (£80 million). Title: Erin Aldrich Passage: Erin Marie Aldrich (born December 27, 1977 in Dallas, Texas) is an American high jumper and volleyball player. After graduating Lake Highlands High School, she played volleyball at the highest level, competing for the United States women's national volleyball team. She competed at the university level for the Texas Longhorns in both sports. Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Cristiano Ronaldo GOIH, ComM Ronaldo at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup Full name Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro Date of birth (1985 - 02 - 05) 5 February 1985 (age 32) Place of birth Funchal, Madeira, Portugal Height 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) Playing position Forward Club information Current team Real Madrid Number 7 Youth career 1992 -- 1995 Andorinha 1995 -- 1997 Nacional 1997 -- 2002 Sporting CP Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP B (0) 2002 -- 2003 Sporting CP 25 (3) 2003 -- 2009 Manchester United 196 (84) 2009 -- Real Madrid 270 (286) National team 2001 Portugal U15 9 (7) 2001 -- 2002 Portugal U17 7 (5) 2003 Portugal U20 5 (1) 2002 -- 2003 Portugal U21 10 (3) Portugal U23 (2) 2003 -- Portugal 147 (79) Honours (show) Representing Portugal UEFA European Championship Winner 2016 France Runner - up 2004 Portugal 2012 Poland & Ukraine FIFA Confederations Cup 2017 Russia * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 23: 00, 22 October 2017 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 22: 40, 10 October 2017 (UTC) Title: Wayne Rooney Passage: Rooney submitted a transfer request in August 2004, despite Everton having made a new contract offer valued at £50,000 per week. Everton then rejected a bid of £20 million from Newcastle, and ultimately signed for Manchester United at the end of the month after a £25.6 million deal was reached. It was the highest fee ever paid for a player under 20 years old; Rooney was still only 18 when he left Everton. Sir Alex Ferguson, then manager of United, said that ``There were plenty of eyebrows raised ''when he persuaded the club's board of directors to sanction`` a multi-million pound'' move to try to sign Rooney from Everton. Title: Channel M Breakfast Passage: Channel M Breakfast is a regional breakfast television programme, produced by the Greater Manchester local television station, Channel M. Launched on Monday 16 April 2007 and broadcast from the headquarters of Channel M at Urbis in Manchester city centre, the programme covered news, sport, features and entertainment from Greater Manchester and was the only regional television programme of its kind in the United Kingdom. Title: Highest-paid NBA players by season Passage: The highest - paid NBA players by season over the past twelve seasons have received contracts with salaries noted in the twenty - million - dollar range. In this twelve - year span, Kevin Garnett received $28,000,000, which was the highest salary payment of any NBA player, during the 2003 -- 04 season. Garnett has been the highest - paid NBA player per year in seven of the past twelve NBA seasons. Michael Jordan was the first NBA player to sign a contract worth over thirty million dollars in a season. During the 1997 -- 98 season, Jordan earned $33,000,000. Kobe Bryant become just the second player to reach this milestone when the 2013 -- 14 season began. LeBron James became the third in the 2016 -- 17 season. Stephen Curry became the first player to eclipse $40 - Million per year when he signed a record 5 year contract worth $201 - Million in 2017.	[ "Forbes' list of the world's highest-paid athletes", "Cristiano Ronaldo" ]
How many episodes concerning the Menendez brothers are there on the series that includes the episode Blackmail?	eight	[]	Title: Not Quite Art Passage: Not Quite Art is an Australian TV series that documents the many media of present-day art and culture in Australia. Two series of the series have been produced and aired on ABC1, both with 3 episodes each, the second series also aired on ABC2. The series is created and hosted by Marcus Westbury. Title: Endgame (Star Trek: Voyager) Passage: ``Endgame ''is the series finale of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager, episodes 25 and 26 of the seventh season and 171 and 172 in the overall series. It was originally shown May 23, 2001 on the UPN network as a double - length episode and later presented as such in DVD collections, but it is shown in syndicated broadcasts as a two - part story. Title: Dead at 21 Passage: Dead at 21 is a television series broadcast by MTV in 1994. The series ran for eleven thirty-minute episodes with a two-part final episode. The series was created by Jon Sherman, and written by Sherman, P.K. Simonds and Manny Coto. Title: Mr. Monk and the End Passage: ``Mr. Monk and the End ''is the two - part series finale of the USA Network original criminal mystery dramedy television series, Monk. It is the fifteenth and sixteenth episodes of the eighth and final season, and is the 124th and 125th episodes in the series overall. Adrian Monk (Tony Shalhoub) finally discovers his wife Trudy's (Melora Hardin) murderer after twelve years of searching, concluding a seven - year, eight - season long arc. When`` Part 2'' aired, it set a series high and a new viewership record for the most watched episode of a regular drama series ever in basic cable with 9.4 million viewers. Both parts were written by series creator Andy Breckman and directed by Randall Zisk. Title: The Quick Red Fox Passage: The Quick Red Fox (1964) is the fourth novel in the Travis McGee series by John D. MacDonald. In it, McGee is hired to aid a fictitious Hollywood star named Lysa Dean who is being blackmailed with revealing photographs. Title: The Poor Kid Passage: "The Poor Kid" is the fifteenth season finale of the American animated television series "South Park", and the 223rd episode of the series overall. It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 16, 2011. In the episode, Kenny and his brother and sister are sent to a foster home after police discover a meth lab in their house. As a result, Cartman is left with feelings of loss, since he no longer has someone to ridicule for their poverty. Title: Made in America (The Sopranos) Passage: ``Made in America ''is the series finale of the HBO drama series The Sopranos. It is the 86th episode of the series, the ninth episode of the second part of the show's sixth season, and the 21st episode of the season overall. Written and directed by series creator, executive producer and showrunner David Chase, it first aired in the United States on June 10, 2007. Title: Garden Party (The Office) Passage: The episode was written by co-executive producer Justin Spitzer, his 10th writing credit for the series. It was directed by series editor David Rogers, his 4th directing credit for the series. Beginning with this episode, Mindy Kaling was promoted to executive producer. Before this, it was speculated that she might not return to the series as a writer. The episode features guest appearance from Stephen Collins, Dee Wallace and Josh Groban as Andy's father, mother and brother, respectively. Collins and Wallace were reported to appear on the series by Joyce Eng of TV Guide. Josh Groban was later reported to appear on the series the next day. Writer Mindy Kaling had sent Groban a message through Twitter asking if he would want to appear on the series. He responded yes with the filming week of the episode lining up with his Los Angeles concert for his Straight to You Tour. Title: Cartoon Wars Part II Passage: "Cartoon Wars Part II" is the fourth episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series "South Park". The 143rd episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 12, 2006. After "Cartoon Wars Part I", it is the second part of a two-episode story-arc, which focuses on Cartman's efforts to get the television series "Family Guy" cancelled, by exploiting fears of retaliation by Muslims to an impending "Family Guy" episode in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad will appear, in violation of some interpretations of Muslim law. Kyle instead urges the president of the network airing "Family Guy", Fox, to air the episode in an exercise of free speech. Title: Law & Order True Crime Passage: Law & Order True Crime is an American true crime anthology series that premiered September 26, 2017 on NBC. The series was ordered by NBC on July 15, 2016, and is part of the Law & Order franchise. Created by Rene Balcer, the eight - episode first season, titled Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders, is a dramatization of the trial of Lyle and Erik Menendez, who were convicted in 1996 for the murder of their parents, José and Kitty Menendez. The first season concluded November 14, 2017. Title: Across the Sea (Lost) Passage: The episode, unlike most Lost episodes, does not divide its time between two different time settings, but takes place entirely in the past, except for a brief scene at the end from the season one episode ``House of the Rising Sun. ''It depicts the origins of the characters of Jacob (Mark Pellegrino) and his brother, The Man in Black (Titus Welliver), and how they came to be on the island. It also reveals the identities of the corpses discovered in the cave in`` House of the Rising Sun.'' None of the series regulars appear in the episode, except in the flashback sequence, making it the only episode of the series in which this occurs. Title: Blackmail (Law & Order) Passage: Blackmail is the twelfth episode of the twentieth season of the television series "Law & Order." It aired on NBC January 15, 2010.	[ "Blackmail (Law & Order)", "Law & Order True Crime" ]
What is the population of Desmet, in the state where Oscar Howe was born?	1,089	[]	Title: An Essay on the Principle of Population Passage: The book An Essay on the Principle of Population was first published anonymously in 1798, but the author was soon identified as Thomas Robert Malthus. The book predicted a grim future, as population would increase geometrically, doubling every 25 years, but food production would only grow arithmetically, which would result in famine and starvation, unless births were controlled. Title: Oscar Howe Passage: Oscar Howe (Mazuha Hokshina or "Trader Boy", May 13, 1915 – October 7, 1983) was an Yanktonai Dakota artist from South Dakota, who became well known for his casein and tempera paintings. He is credited with influencing contemporary Native American art, paving the way for future artists. His art style is marked by bright color, dynamic motion and pristine lines. Title: De Smet, South Dakota Passage: De Smet is a city in and the county seat of Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,089 at the 2010 census.	[ "Oscar Howe", "De Smet, South Dakota" ]
A region is the middle leg of the journey from England to the continent having Togo to the Americas. What nation provided the most legal immigrants to the US city filming the tv show Gotham in this region?	the Dominican Republic	[ "Dominican Republic", "RD", "DR" ]	Title: Togo Passage: Togo (), officially the Togolese Republic (), is a country in West Africa bordered by Ghana to the west, Benin to the east and Burkina Faso to the north. The sovereign state extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, where its capital Lomé is located. Togo covers , making it one of the smallest countries in Africa, with a population of approximately /1e6 round 1 million. Title: Gotham (TV series) Passage: In February 2014, it was reported that production would begin in New York City in March. Filming for the first season finished on March 24, 2015. Title: New York City Passage: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America. Amidst a resurgence of Puerto Rican migration to New York City, this population had increased to approximately 1.3 million in the metropolitan area as of 2013. Title: Triangular trade Passage: Historically the particular routes were also shaped by the powerful influence of winds and currents during the age of sail. For example, from the main trading nations of Western Europe it was much easier to sail westwards after first going south of 30 N latitude and reaching the so - called ``trade winds ''; thus arriving in the Caribbean rather than going straight west to the North American mainland. Returning from North America, it is easiest to follow the Gulf Stream in a northeasterly direction using the westerlies. A similar triangle to this, called the volta do mar was already being used by the Portuguese, before Christopher Columbus' voyage, to sail to the Canary Islands and the Azores. Columbus simply expanded the triangle outwards, and his route became the main way for Europeans to reach, and return from, the Americas.	[ "Togo", "Gotham (TV series)", "New York City", "Triangular trade" ]
Who was the first leader of the independent country where FC Mwangaza is located?	Fulbert Youlou	[]	Title: FC Mwangaza Passage: FC Mwangaza is a football club in Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo. They play in the Linafoot, the top level of professional football in DR Congo. Title: D. S. Senanayake Passage: Don Stephen Senanayake (; ; 21 October 1883 – 22 March 1952) was a Sri Lankan statesmen. He was the first Prime Minister of Sri Lanka having emerged as the leader of the Sri Lankan independence movement that led to the establishment of self-rule in Sri Lanka. He is considered as the "Father of the Nation". Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat.	[ "FC Mwangaza", "Republic of the Congo" ]
Who led the US movement to take over the state The Fairmont Orchid is located?	John L. Stevens	[]	Title: The Fairmont Orchid Passage: The Fairmont Orchid is a luxury hotel on the Kohala Coast of the island of Hawaii. It is managed by Fairmont Hotels and Resorts. Title: Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom Passage: The overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii began on January 17, 1893, with a coup d'état against Queen Liliuokalani on the island of Oahu by foreign residents residing in Honolulu, mostly United States citizens, and subjects of the Kingdom of Hawaii. They prevailed upon American minister John L. Stevens to call in the U.S. Marines to protect American interests, an action that effectively buttressed the rebellion. The revolutionaries established the Republic of Hawaii, but their ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which finally occurred in 1898. Title: Ochopee, Florida Passage: Ochopee is an unincorporated community in Collier County, Florida, United States. It is located to the east of the intersection of US 41 and State Road 29, near Carnestown. The community is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands Passage: Saint Thomas (Danish: Sankt Thomas) is one of the Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea and, together with Saint John, Water Island and Saint Croix, a former Danish colony, form a county and constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. Located on the island is the territorial capital and port of Charlotte Amalie. As of the 2010 census, the population of Saint Thomas was 51,634 about 48.5% of the US Virgin Islands total. The district has a land area of 32 square miles (83 km). Title: Liberty Island Passage: According to the United States Census Bureau, the island has a land area of 59,558 square meters, or 14.717 acres, which is the property of the federal government. Liberty Island is located in the Upper New York Bay within the waters of Jersey City, Hudson County, New Jersey. It is one of the islands that are part of the borough of Manhattan in New York. The historical developments which led to this construction created the rare situation of an exclave of one state, New York, being situated in another, New Jersey. Title: Grand Tower Island Passage: Grand Tower Island is a river island in the Mississippi River in the midwestern United States, within the state of Missouri on its border with the state of Illinois. Formed within recorded history by the movement of the river, it consists of a bulge-shaped piece of land between the river's primary channel and an oxbow lake. Land on the island is generally valuable for farming, especially when protected from flooding, while the lake has developed a reputation as a valuable sport-fishing location. Title: Kingmont, West Virginia Passage: Kingmont is an unincorporated community in Marion County, West Virginia, United States. Kingmont is located along Interstate 79 southwest of downtown Fairmont. Kingmont has a post office with ZIP code 26578. Title: Gibney Beach Passage: Gibney Beach is a stretch of white sandy beach located on Hawksnest Bay on St John Island in the United States Virgin Islands. There is vibrant wildlife both on the beach and in the bay. The colonial history, the natives, the beatnik and hippie movements, and the locals of the island come together to form the original, bohemian character of the beach. Title: Orchid of the Year Passage: The Orchid of the Year is a yearly honor given since 1989 to an orchid species native to Germany by the "" (Native Orchid Research Group, AHO), a German orchid conservation federation. The choice of orchids follows the endangerment of the species or its habitat due to human pressure. Title: Two Thousand Acres of Sky Passage: The show takes place on the fictional island of Ronansay off the coast of Skye. The actual filming location was the sea - side village of Port Logan. Title: Savoonga Airport Passage: Savoonga Airport is a state-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) south of the central business district of Savoonga, a city in the Nome Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. Savoonga is located on St. Lawrence Island in the Bering Sea. Title: National Orchid Garden Passage: The National Orchid Garden, located within the Singapore Botanic Gardens, was opened on 20 October 1995 by Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew.	[ "Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom", "The Fairmont Orchid" ]
When did the first Walmart open in the state where Friendship Hall is located?	1991	[]	Title: History of Walmart Passage: In 1991, the company expanded into Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York. Walmart expanded worldwide this year, with the opening of their first store outside the United States in Mexico City. They also acquired Western Merchandisers, Inc. of Amarillo, Texas. 1991 also saw the launch of the Sam's American Choice brand of products. Title: Walmart Passage: Walmart Inc. Walmart's current logo since 2008 Walmart's official headquarters in Bentonville, Arkansas Formerly called Wal - Mart, Inc. (1969 -- 70) Wal - Mart Stores, Inc. (1970 -- 2018) Type Public Traded as NYSE: WMT DJIA component S&P 100 component S&P 500 component ISIN US9311421039 Industry Retail Founded July 2, 1962; 55 years ago (1962 - 07 - 02) Rogers, Arkansas, U.S. Founder Sam Walton Headquarters Bentonville, Arkansas, United States Number of locations 11,718 stores worldwide (January 31, 2018) Area served Worldwide Key people Greg Penner (Chairman) Doug McMillon (President & CEO) Products Electronics Movies and music Home and furniture Home improvement Clothing Footwear Jewelry Toys Health and beauty Pet supplies Sporting goods and fitness Auto Photo finishing Craft supplies Party supplies Grocery Services Walmart - 2 - Walmart Walmart MoneyCard Pickup Today Walmart.com Walmart Pay Revenue US $500.34 billion (2018) Operating income US $20.437 billion (2018) Net income US $9.862 billion (2018) Total assets US $204.52 billion (2018) Total equity US $77.869 billion (2018) Owner Walton family (51%) Number of employees 2.3 million, Worldwide (2017) 1.4 million, U.S. (2017) Divisions Walmart U.S. Walmart International Sam's Club Global eCommerce Subsidiaries Walmart Canada Walmart Mexico Walmart Chile Walmart de México y Centroamérica @ WalmartLabs Walmart Neighborhood Market Asda Amigo Supermarkets Vudu Massmart Seiyu Group Bompreço Líder Jet.com Hayneedle Moosejaw ModCloth Flipkart Website Corporate website Commercial website Footnotes / references Title: Friendship Hall Passage: Friendship Hall is a historic home located at East New Market, Dorchester County, Maryland. It is a Georgian-style brick dwelling. It consists of a large five-bay, two-story main block built about 1790; a two-bay one-story passage; and a -story kitchen wing. Also on the property is a tall frame smokehouse with board-and-batten siding and a steep gable roof. It is associated with the locally prominent Sulivane family, who first came to Maryland in 1695.	[ "Friendship Hall", "History of Walmart" ]
How many people whose name new students were once called by others live in the South American country discovered by the country where Evora is located?	196,000-600,000	[]	Title: Évora Passage: Évora ( , ; ) is a city and a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 56,596, in an area of 1307.08 km². It is the seat of the Évora District. The present Mayor is Carlos Pinto de Sá of the CDU coalition. The municipal holiday is 29 June. Title: Portugal Passage: Portugal spearheaded European exploration of the world and the Age of Discovery. Prince Henry the Navigator, son of King João I, became the main sponsor and patron of this endeavour. During this period, Portugal explored the Atlantic Ocean, discovering several Atlantic archipelagos like the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde, explored the African coast, colonized selected areas of Africa, discovered an eastern route to India via the Cape of Good Hope, discovered Brazil, explored the Indian Ocean, established trading routes throughout most of southern Asia, and sent the first direct European maritime trade and diplomatic missions to China and Japan. Title: Jews Passage: More than half of the Jews live in the Diaspora (see Population table). Currently, the largest Jewish community outside Israel, and either the largest or second-largest Jewish community in the world, is located in the United States, with 5.2 million to 6.4 million Jews by various estimates. Elsewhere in the Americas, there are also large Jewish populations in Canada (315,000), Argentina (180,000-300,000), and Brazil (196,000-600,000), and smaller populations in Mexico, Uruguay, Venezuela, Chile, Colombia and several other countries (see History of the Jews in Latin America). Demographers disagree on whether the United States has a larger Jewish population than Israel, with many maintaining that Israel surpassed the United States in Jewish population during the 2000s, while others maintain that the United States still has the largest Jewish population in the world. Currently, a major national Jewish population survey is planned to ascertain whether or not Israel has overtaken the United States in Jewish population. Title: Eton College Passage: In the past, people at Eton have occasionally been guilty of antisemitism. For a time, new admissions were called 'Jews' by their fellow Collegers. In 1945, the school introduced a nationality statute conditioning entry on the applicant's father being British by birth. The statute was removed after the intervention of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in the 1960s after it came to the attention of Oxford's Wykeham Professor of Logic, A. J. Ayer, himself Jewish and an Old Etonian, who "suspected a whiff of anti-semitism".	[ "Jews", "Portugal", "Évora", "Eton College" ]
Who originated the name of the fried chicken chain associated with the state that Bernard Coy was born?	Don Anderson	[]	Title: Bernard Coy Passage: Coy was a native of Kentucky who turned to crime during the Great Depression and, in 1937, was sentenced to 25 years imprisonment. He was transferred to Alcatraz from Atlanta in 1938 and was later given the position of cell-house orderly which allowed him access through most of the main cell-block on Alcatraz. This relative freedom allowed him to spot a tiny flaw in one of the prison's security features, the bars of the gun-gallery overlooking the cell house. Coy along with Joe Cretzer, Marvin Hubbard, Sam Shockley, Miran Thompson, and Clarence Carnes planned to break into the gun galleries to steal weapons, take hostages and then flee to the dock. He was successful in creating a makeshift bar-spreader that enabled him to get through the relatively weak bars that protected the gun galleries and overpower the unsuspecting guard on his return from investigating a fabricated incident caused by Shockley in the prison's secure unit, D-Block. Title: KFC Passage: Don Anderson, a sign painter hired by Harman, coined the name ``Kentucky Fried Chicken ''. For Harman, the addition of KFC was a way of differentiating his restaurant from competitors; a product from Kentucky was exotic, and evoked imagery of Southern hospitality. Harman trademarked the phrase`` It's finger lickin 'good'', which eventually became the company - wide slogan. He also introduced the ``bucket meal ''in 1957 (14 pieces of chicken, five bread rolls and a pint of gravy in a cardboard bucket). Serving their signature meal in a paper bucket was to become an iconic feature of the company. Title: Presidente Bernardes, Minas Gerais Passage: Presidente Bernardes is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The population is 5,594 (2015 est.) in an area of 237 km². The elevation is 591 m. Presidente Bernardes is named after President Artur da Silva Bernardes.	[ "KFC", "Bernard Coy" ]
When the 1900s began, how many people lived in the city that shares a border with the birthplace of William Selden?	85,050	[]	Title: William Selden Passage: According to the Library of Virginia "William Selden was born 31 January 1791 in Henrico County, Virginia, to Miles Selden (1752-1811) and Elizabeth Armistead Selden (1752-1833). He was a member for Henrico County in the House of Delegates from 1813 to 1816 and from 1818 to 1821. He later served as Registrar of the Land Office. He married first Maria Eliza Swann (d. 1834) 26 November 1833, and they had one child. He married second Emily Hunter 9 June 1840, and they had eight children. Selden died 7 April 1874." Title: Richmond, Virginia Passage: By the beginning of the 20th century, the city's population had reached 85,050 in 5 square miles (13 km2), making it the most densely populated city in the Southern United States. In 1900, the Census Bureau reported Richmond's population as 62.1% white and 37.9% black. Freed slaves and their descendants created a thriving African-American business community, and the city's historic Jackson Ward became known as the "Wall Street of Black America." In 1903, African-American businesswoman and financier Maggie L. Walker chartered St. Luke Penny Savings Bank, and served as its first president, as well as the first female bank president in the United States. Today, the bank is called the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company, and it is the oldest surviving African-American bank in the U.S. Other figures from this time included John Mitchell, Jr. In 1910, the former city of Manchester was consolidated with the city of Richmond, and in 1914, the city annexed Barton Heights, Ginter Park, and Highland Park areas of Henrico County. In May 1914, Richmond became the headquarters of the Fifth District of the Federal Reserve Bank. Title: Henrico County, Virginia Passage: Richmond Raceway is in the central portion of Henrico County near Mechanicsville, just north of the Richmond city limits. The raceway seats approximately 60,000 people and holds two NASCAR doubleheader race weekends per year. Additionally, Richmond International Airport is located in the eastern portion of Henrico County in Sandston. Top private employers in the county include Capital One, Bon Secours Richmond Health System, and Anthem.	[ "William Selden", "Richmond, Virginia", "Henrico County, Virginia" ]
In what geographic region is the country where Motulalo is found?	Oceania	[]	Title: Motulalo Passage: Motulalo is the largest islet of Nukufetau, Tuvalu. The traditional history of Nukufetau recalls that in order to protect the atoll from raiders from Tonga, Tauasa, an aliki (chief), was given Motulalo. Tauasa would pull up coconut trees and throw them at the raiders. Title: National Pan-Hellenic Council Passage: National Pan-Hellenic Council Data Established 1930 Members 9 Continent North America Country United States Headquarters Decatur, Georgia Organization type Coalition of members Title: Central America Passage: Central America (Spanish: América Central, Centroamérica) is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with the South American continent on the southeast. Central America is bordered by Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Central America consists of seven countries: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. The combined population of Central America is between 41,739,000 (2009 estimate) and 42,688,190 (2012 estimate). Title: Mesozoic Passage: Compared to the vigorous convergent plate mountain-building of the late Paleozoic, Mesozoic tectonic deformation was comparatively mild. The sole major Mesozoic orogeny occurred in what is now the Arctic, creating the Innuitian orogeny, the Brooks Range, the Verkhoyansk and Cherskiy Ranges in Siberia, and the Khingan Mountains in Manchuria. This orogeny was related to the opening of the Arctic Ocean and subduction of the North China and Siberian cratons under the Pacific Ocean. Nevertheless, the era featured the dramatic rifting of the supercontinent Pangaea. Pangaea gradually split into a northern continent, Laurasia, and a southern continent, Gondwana. This created the passive continental margin that characterizes most of the Atlantic coastline (such as along the U.S. East Coast) today. Title: Argentinosaurus Passage: Argentinosaurus (meaning "Argentine lizard") is a genus of titanosaur sauropod dinosaur first discovered by Guillermo Heredia in Argentina. The generic name refers to the country in which it was discovered. The dinosaur lived on the then-island continent of South America somewhere between 97 and 93.5 million years ago, during the Late Cretaceous Period. It is among the largest known dinosaurs. Title: World population Passage: Six of the Earth's seven continents are permanently inhabited on a large scale. Asia is the most populous continent, with its 4.3 billion inhabitants accounting for 60% of the world population. The world's two most populated countries, China and India, together constitute about 37% of the world's population. Africa is the second most populated continent, with around 1 billion people, or 15% of the world's population. Europe's 733 million people make up 12% of the world's population as of 2012, while the Latin American and Caribbean regions are home to around 600 million (9%). Northern America, primarily consisting of the United States and Canada, has a population of around 352 million (5%), and Oceania, the least - populated region, has about 35 million inhabitants (0.5%). Though it is not permanently inhabited by any fixed population, Antarctica has a small, fluctuating international population based mainly in polar science stations. This population tends to rise in the summer months and decrease significantly in winter, as visiting researchers return to their home countries. Title: History of Brazil Passage: The first European to colonize what is now the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 / 1468 - c. 1520) on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 (approximately the 46th meridian west) that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century. Title: Tuvalu Passage: Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship. Title: List of island countries Passage: This is a list of island countries. An island is a land mass (smaller than a continent) that is surrounded by water. Many island countries are spread over an archipelago, as is the case with the Federated States of Micronesia and the Indonesia (which consists of thousands of islands). Others consist of a single island, such as Nauru, or part of an island, such as Haiti. Although Australia is designated as a continent, it is often referred to as an island, as it has no land borders. Some declared island countries are not universally recognized as politically independent, such as Northern Cyprus. Some states, such as Taiwan, officially claim to hold continental territories but are de facto limited to control over islands. Title: South America Passage: Brazil is the largest country in South America, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. The remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: The Andean States, the Guianas and the Southern Cone. Title: Africa Passage: Africa is the world's second largest and second most - populous continent (behind Asia in both categories). At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20% of its land area. With 1.2 billion people as of 2016, it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Isthmus of Suez and the Red Sea to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos. It contains 54 fully recognised sovereign states (countries), nine territories and two de facto independent states with limited or no recognition. The majority of the continent and its countries are in the Northern Hemisphere, with a substantial portion and number of countries in the Southern Hemisphere. Title: Bismarck monument Passage: From 1868 onwards, Bismarck monuments were erected in many parts of the German Empire in honour of the long-serving Prussian minister-president and first German "Reichskanzler", Prince Otto von Bismarck. Today some of these monuments are on the soil of other countries including France, Poland and Russia as well as the former German colonies on other continents.	[ "Tuvalu", "Motulalo" ]
What is the highest recorded temperature in The Kitchen venue's city?	106	[]	Title: Benton C Bainbridge Passage: Bainbridge has shown his work in venues such as the Whitney Museum of American Art, Museum of Modern Art, Lincoln Center, Madison Square Garden, The Kitchen (NYC), EMPAC (Troy, NY), the American Museum of Natural History, SFMOMA (San Francisco), Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (Washington, D.C.), Dallas Video Festival, Boston Cyberarts Festival, Eyebeam, Mercat des les Flors (Barcelona), LUX2006 (Sevilla), Auditorium Parco della Musica (Roma), Test-Portal (Amsterdam), Sonic Light (Amsterdam), Wien Modern (Vienna), Inventionen (Berlin), Teatro Colón CETC (Buenos Aires), CELCIT (Managua), Xi'an China International Horticultural Exposition 2011, Korean Festival (Seoul), Good Vibrations (Australia), and MTV Networks (global). Title: New York City Passage: Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The daily mean temperature in January, the area's coldest month, is 32.6 °F (0.3 °C); however, temperatures usually drop to 10 °F (−12 °C) several times per winter, and reach 50 °F (10 °C) several days each winter month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm, although they are usually mild with low humidity. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, with a daily mean temperature of 76.5 °F (24.7 °C) in July and an average humidity level of 72%. Nighttime conditions are often exacerbated by the urban heat island phenomenon, while daytime temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 °F (38 °C). In the warmer months, the dew point, a measure of atmospheric moisture, ranges from 57.3 °F (14.1 °C) in June to 62.0 °F (16.7 °C) in August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F (−26 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936. Title: Instrumental temperature record Passage: The instrumental temperature record provides the temperature of Earth's climate system from the historical network of in situ measurements of surface air temperatures and ocean surface temperatures. Data are collected at thousands of meteorological stations, buoys and ships around the globe. The longest - running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest - running quasi-global record starts in 1850. In recent decades more extensive sampling of ocean temperatures at various depths have begun allowing estimates of ocean heat content but these do not form part of the global surface temperature datasets.	[ "New York City", "Benton C Bainbridge" ]
What non-state area is in the sub-Saharan African nation that trades the most with the US?	Federal Capital Territory	[]	Title: Bantu Philosophy Passage: Bantu Philosophy ("La philosophie bantoue" in French) is a 1945 book written by Placide Tempels which argues that the people of Sub-Saharan Africa (the use of the term "Bantu" as an ethnic label is now largely discredited) have a distinctive philosophy, and attempts to describe the underpinnings of that philosophy. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded on the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; on the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and on the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland; and surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of African (black), European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (coloured) ancestry. Title: South Africa Passage: South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by 2,798 kilometres (1,739 mi) of coastline of Southern Africa stretching along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countries of Namibia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe; and to the east and northeast by Mozambique and Swaziland (Eswatini); and it surrounds the kingdom of Lesotho. South Africa is the largest country in Southern Africa and the 25th - largest country in the world by land area and, with close to 56 million people, is the world's 24th-most populous nation. It is the southernmost country on the mainland of the Old World or the Eastern Hemisphere. About 80 percent of South Africans are of Sub-Saharan African ancestry, divided among a variety of ethnic groups speaking different African languages, nine of which have official status. The remaining population consists of Africa's largest communities of European (white), Asian (Indian), and multiracial (Coloured) ancestry. Title: Journal of African Law Passage: The Journal of African Law is published biannually by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London, United Kingdom). It is a peer-reviewed law review covering the laws of sub-Saharan African countries, emphasizing contemporary legal issues and issues of international and comparative significance. The journal contains a separate section on recent legislation, case-law, law reform proposals, and recent international developments affecting Africa. Title: African Political Systems Passage: African Political Systems is an academic anthology edited by the anthropologists Meyer Fortes and E. E. Evans-Pritchard which was published by Oxford University Press on the behalf of the International African Institute in 1940. The book contains eight separate papers produced by scholars working in the field of anthropology, each of which focuses in on a different society in Sub-Saharan Africa. It was the intention of the editors to bring together information on African political systems on a "broad, comparative basis" for the very first time. Title: Famine Passage: Some countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, continue to have extreme cases of famine. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world. As of 2017, the United Nations has warned some 20 million are at risk in South Sudan, Somalia, Nigeria and Yemen. Agricultural conditions have been fluctuating more and more due to variations in weather, and the distribution of food has been affected by conflict. Most programmes now direct their aid towards Africa. Title: Black people Passage: In early 1991, non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe of Sudan attested that they were victims of an intensifying Arab apartheid campaign, segregating Arabs and non-Arabs (specifically people of sub-Saharan African descent). Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudan's non-Arab citizens. The government was accused of "deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria was ranked 30th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) in 2012. Nigeria is the United States' largest trading partner in sub-Saharan Africa and supplies a fifth of its oil (11% of oil imports). It has the seventh-largest trade surplus with the US of any country worldwide. Nigeria is the 50th-largest export market for US goods and the 14th-largest exporter of goods to the US. The United States is the country's largest foreign investor. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected economic growth of 9% in 2008 and 8.3% in 2009. The IMF further projects an 8% growth in the Nigerian economy in 2011. Title: Western black rhinoceros Passage: The western black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis longipes) or West African black rhinoceros was a subspecies of the black rhinoceros, declared extinct by the IUCN in 2011. The western black rhinoceros was believed to have been genetically different from other rhino subspecies. It was once widespread in the savanna of sub-Saharan Africa, but its numbers declined due to poaching. The western black rhinoceros resided primarily in Cameroon, but surveys since 2006 have failed to locate any individuals. Title: Western black rhinoceros Passage: The western black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis longipes) or West African black rhinoceros is a subspecies of the black rhinoceros, declared extinct by the IUCN in 2011. The western black rhinoceros was believed to have been genetically different from other rhino subspecies. It was once widespread in the savanna of sub-Saharan Africa, but its numbers declined due to poaching. The western black rhinoceros resided primarily in Cameroon, but surveys since 2006 have failed to locate any individuals. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West. Title: Call and response (music) Passage: In Sub-Saharan African cultures, call and response is a pervasive pattern of democratic participation -- in public gatherings in the discussion of civic affairs, in religious rituals, as well as in vocal and instrumental musical expression. It is this tradition that African bondsmen and women brought with them to the New World and which has been transmitted over the centuries in various forms of cultural expression -- in religious observance; public gatherings; sporting events; even in children's rhymes; and, most notably, in African - American music in its myriad forms and descendants including: soul, gospel, blues, rhythm and blues, rock and roll, funk and hip hop. Hear for example the recordings entitled ``Negro Folklore from Texas State Prisons ''collected by Bruce Jackson on Electra Records. Call and response is widely present in parts of the Americas touched by the trans - Atlantic slave trade. The tradition of call and response fosters dialogue and its legacy continues on today, as it is an important component of oral traditions. Both African - American Women Work Songs, African American work songs, and the work song in general uses the call and response format often.	[ "Nigeria" ]
How many countries did the 11th album of the artist with the most top 10 hits debut in?	37	[]	Title: There You Are (Martina McBride song) Passage: "There You Are" is a song written by Ed Hill, Mark D. Sanders and Bob DiPiero, and recorded by American country music artist Martina McBride. It was released in May 2000 as the third single from her album "Emotion". The song was McBride's twelfth Top Ten hit on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks, and was her first Top 20 hit on the U.S. Adult Contemporary charts. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: Madonna released and performed the song "Hey You" at the London Live Earth concert in July 2007. She announced her departure from Warner Bros. Records, and declared a new $120 million, ten-year 360 deal with Live Nation. In 2008, Madonna produced and wrote I Am Because We Are, a documentary on the problems faced by Malawians; it was directed by Nathan Rissman, who worked as Madonna's gardener. She also directed her first film, Filth and Wisdom. The plot of the film revolved around three friends and their aspirations. The Times said she had "done herself proud" while The Daily Telegraph described the film as "not an entirely unpromising first effort [but] Madonna would do well to hang on to her day job." On March 10, 2008, Madonna was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in her first year of eligibility. She did not sing at the ceremony but asked fellow Hall of Fame inductees and Michigan natives The Stooges to perform her songs "Burning Up" and "Ray of Light".Madonna released her eleventh studio album, Hard Candy, in April 2008. Containing R&B and urban pop influences, the songs on Hard Candy were autobiographical in nature and saw Madonna collaborating with Justin Timberlake, Timbaland, Pharrell Williams and Nate "Danja" Hills. The album debuted at number one in 37 countries and on the Billboard 200. Caryn Ganz from Rolling Stone complimented it as an "impressive taste of her upcoming tour", while BBC correspondent Mark Savage panned it as "an attempt to harness the urban market". Title: Tarzan & Jane (song) Passage: "Tarzan & Jane" is a song by Danish bubblegum dance group Toy-Box from their debut album, "Fantastic". It was released as the lead single in 1998 in Germany and then re-released in 1999 to coincide with the premiere of Disney's "Tarzan". The song became a top ten hit in Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Title: List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones Passage: Number of singles Artist 38 Madonna 36 Elvis Presley † 34 The Beatles 31 Rihanna 29 Michael Jackson 28 Stevie Wonder Mariah Carey 27 Elton John Janet Jackson 24 Drake Title: Complicated (Tanya Tucker album) Passage: Complicated is an album by Country recording artist Tanya Tucker. Instead of longtime producer Jerry Crutchfield, Tucker employed Gregg Brown to produce the album. One track hit the Top Ten in the Billboard Top Country Singles charts, the number 9 "Little Things." "Ridin' Out the Heartache" was the only other single to chart, at number 45. The album reached #15 on the Country Albums chart. Title: Reno (Doug Supernaw song) Passage: "Reno" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Doug Supernaw. It was released in May 1993 as the second single from his album "Red and Rio Grande". It peaked at number 4 in the United States, and number 12 in Canada. It was his first top five hit, as well as his first top ten hit. Title: Something Deep Inside Passage: "Something Deep Inside" is the second single taken from Billie Piper's second album, "Walk of Life". The single debuted and peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart, becoming her last top-ten single and penultimate hit. The song also reached the top 20 in Australia and New Zealand, becoming Piper's last song to chart in both countries. Title: Only What I Feel Passage: Only What I Feel is the sixth album, and the first since signing with Epic Records in 1992, recorded by country music artist Patty Loveless. It was released in 1993. Four tracks from the album made in into the Billboard top 20 country singles charts, including the #1 "Blame It on Your Heart" and the #3 "How Can I Help You Say Goodbye," later covered by Laura Branigan. The #6 hit "You Will" was originally recorded by Anne Murray as the title track of her 1990 album. The only single to not make the top ten was the #20 hit "Nothin' But The Wheel", considered by many Patty fans to be one of her finest works. The album peaked at #9, and was certified platinum for shipments of over 1,000,000 copies in the U.S. This album was Loveless' first album since she had surgery to repair burst nodes on her vocal cords in 1992. Title: R.O.C.K. in the U.S.A. Passage: ``R.O.C.K. in the U.S.A. '', subtitled`` A Salute to 60's Rock,'' is a rock song written and performed by John Mellencamp. It was the third single from his 1985 album Scarecrow and a top - ten hit on both the Billboard Hot 100 and Top Rock Tracks charts. Title: Where It Hits You Passage: Where It Hits You is the 2012 album, and 6th solo studio project, by Southern American singer-songwriter and guitarist Jim White. The album was mixed and mastered by John Keane. Guest vocalists on the album include members of the bands Ollabelle, Shak Nasti, and The Heap. There are several guest musicians that helped craft the distinctive and full Alternative Country sound typical of White's productions. The effort and collaboration seems to have been worth while, as the album has received numerous favorable critical reviews, just missing the top ten on Exclaim!'s Best Albums of 2012: Folk and Country. Title: Alabama (band) Passage: Alabama amassed over 40 number one hit singles (on a variety of industry charts) and 12 top - 10 albums, including ten that peaked at number one on Billboard's Top Country Albums chart. The group had 33 number ones on Billboard's Hot Country Songs chart, which are as follows: Title: Four (One Direction album) Passage: Four is the fourth studio album by English-Irish boy band One Direction, released on 17 November 2014 by Columbia Records and Syco Music. Two singles were released from the album, "Steal My Girl" and "Night Changes", both achieving platinum status in the US, and scoring the band their tenth and eleventh UK top-ten hits. The album was also One Direction's last with member Zayn Malik, who announced he was leaving the band on 25 March 2015.	[ "Madonna (entertainer)", "List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones" ]
Who led the army that was part of the Transcaucasian front and made it an effective fighting force?	Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky	[ "Mikhail Tukhachevsky" ]	Title: Transcaucasian Front Passage: Transcaucasian Front or Transcaucasus Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Second World War. This sense of the term is not identical with the more general usage of military front which indicates a geographic area in wartime, although a Soviet Front may operate within designated boundaries. Title: Red Army Passage: In the late 1920s and throughout the 1930s, Soviet military theoreticians led by Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky developed the deep operations doctrine, a direct consequence of their Polish - Soviet War and Russian Civil War experiences. To achieve victory, deep operations envisage simultaneous corps - and army - size unit maneuvers of simultaneous parallel attacks throughout the depth of the enemy's ground forces, inducing catastrophic defensive failure. The deep battle doctrine relies upon aviation and armor advances in the hope that maneuver warfare offers quick, efficient, and decisive victory. Marshal Tukhachevsky said that aerial warfare must be ``employed against targets beyond the range of infantry, artillery, and other arms. For maximum tactical effect aircraft should be employed en masse, concentrated in time and space, against targets of the highest tactical importance. '' Title: Breast Cancer Awareness Month Passage: NBCAM was founded in 1985 in October as a partnership between the American Cancer Society and the pharmaceutical division of Imperial Chemical Industries (now part of AstraZeneca, producer of several anti-breast cancer drugs). The aim of the NBCAM from the start has been to promote mammography as the most effective weapon in the fight against breast cancer.	[ "Transcaucasian Front", "Red Army" ]
Who was married to the author of The Night of Enitharmon's Joy?	Catherine Blake	[]	Title: Humsaya Passage: Humsaya (Neighbour) is a 1968 Hindi romantic spy thriller film produced and directed by Joy Mukherjee. The film was made under the newly established Joy Mukherjee Productions banner. The music direction was by O. P. Nayyar with lyrics by Shevan Rizvi, S. H. Bihari and Hasrat Jaipuri. The cast included Joy Mukherjee, Mala Sinha, Sharmila Tagore, Rehman, Sapru, Polson, Malika and Gajanan Jagirdar. Title: Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby Passage: Talladega Nights: The Ballad of Ricky Bobby is a 2006 American sports comedy film directed by Adam McKay and starring Will Ferrell, while written by both McKay and Ferrell. Additionally, the film features John C. Reilly, Sacha Baron Cohen, Gary Cole, Michael Clarke Duncan, Leslie Bibb, Jane Lynch, and Amy Adams, and appearances by "Saturday Night Live" alumni. NASCAR drivers Jamie McMurray and Dale Earnhardt Jr. make cameos, as do broadcasting teams from "NASCAR on Fox" (Mike Joy, Larry McReynolds and Darrell Waltrip) and "NASCAR on NBC" (Bill Weber, Wally Dallenbach Jr. and Benny Parsons). Title: Catherine Blake Passage: Catherine Blake (née Boucher; 25 April 1762 – 18 October 1831) was the wife of the poet, painter and engraver William Blake, and a vital presence and assistant throughout his life. Title: Man with a Plan (TV series) Passage: Kali Rocha as Marcy Burns, Don's wife. Swoosie Kurtz as Beverly Burns, Adam and Don's mother. Sherri Shepherd as Joy, the Burns' neighbor who is also the building inspector on Adam's job site. Tim Meadows as Rudy, the Burns' neighbor and Joy's husband. Title: Joy (Steven Curtis Chapman album) Passage: Joy (stylized JOY) is a holiday studio album by contemporary Christian musician Steven Curtis Chapman. His fourth Christmas album, it has seen commercial charting success, and garnered generally positive reviews from music critics. Title: Joy to the World (Three Dog Night song) Passage: ``Joy to the World ''is a song written by Hoyt Axton and made famous by the band Three Dog Night. The song is also popularly known by its opening lyric,`` Jeremiah was a bullfrog.'' Three Dog Night originally released the song on their fourth studio album, Naturally, in November 1970, and subsequently released an edited version of the song as a single in February 1971. Title: Ian Curtis Passage: Ian Kevin Curtis (15 July 1956 -- 18 May 1980) was an English singer - songwriter and musician. He was the lead singer and lyricist of the post-punk band Joy Division. Joy Division released their debut album, Unknown Pleasures, in 1979 and recorded their follow - up, Closer, in 1980. Title: Saturday Night (1922 film) Passage: Saturday Night is a 1922 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Cecil B. DeMille and starring Leatrice Joy, Conrad Nagel, and Edith Roberts. It was Leatrice Joy's first film with DeMille. Title: Split (2016 American film) Passage: Split is a 2016 American psychological horror - thriller film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan. The film stars James McAvoy, Anya Taylor - Joy, and Betty Buckley, and follows a man with 23 different personalities who kidnaps and imprisons three teenage girls in an isolated underground facility. Title: Blanche of Anjou Passage: Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as "Blanche of Naples". She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310. Title: Kickapoo Joy Juice Passage: Kickapoo Joy Juice is a citrus-flavored soft drink brand owned by the Monarch Beverage Company. The name was introduced in "Li'l Abner", a comic strip that ran from 1934 through 1977. Although "Li'l Abner"'s Kickapoo Joy Juice was an alcoholic drink, the real world beverage is a lightly carbonated soft drink. Title: The Night of Enitharmon's Joy Passage: The Night of Enitharmon's Joy, often referred as The Triple Hecate or simply Hecate, is a 1795 work of art by the English artist and poet William Blake which depicts Enitharmon, a female character in his mythology, or Hecate, a chthonic Greco-Roman goddess of magic and the underworld. The work presents a nightmarish scene with fantastic creatures.	[ "The Night of Enitharmon's Joy", "Catherine Blake" ]

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