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What is the capital of the county where Arcadia is located, in the state that contains Our Lady of Providence Junior-Senior High School?	Noblesville	[]	Title: Thomas A. Edison High School (Oregon) Passage: The Thomas A. Edison High School was an alternative public junior/senior high school in Portland, Oregon, United States, in the Portland school district. Title: Greenwood School District (Arkansas) Passage: The Greenwood School District is a public school district located in Greenwood, Arkansas, United States. Established in 1881 by court order as "Greenwood School District #25", the district since the 2010-11 school year supports one high school, one junior high school, one middle school, and two elementary schools. Title: PAREF Southridge School Passage: PAREF Southridge School, or simply Southridge, is a private school for boys located in Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines. It was established by the Parents for Education Foundation (PAREF). Southridge is composed of grade school, junior high school, senior high school, and afternoon school. Its executive director is Fernando A. Cruz. The spiritual formation of the families in Southridge is provided by members of Opus Dei. Title: Arcadia, Indiana Passage: Arcadia is a town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. The population was 1,666 at the 2010 census. Title: Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana Passage: Wayne Township is one of nine townships in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States and serves as one of two townships within Noblesville, Indiana's jurisdiction. As of the 2010 census, its population was 7,886 and it contained 3,252 housing units, an increase from 2415 in 2000, as Noblesville continues to expand eastward and Fishers reaches its northern limits. In 2007, Noblesville officially opened one of the largest mixed use developments in the state, called the Noblesville Corporate Campus. A portion of the development is located within the township. When completed, it will include a large industrial/commercial park, several housing developments, hotels, greenspace and a large outdoor shopping center called Hamilton Town Center, being built by the Simon Property Group, headquartered in nearby Indianapolis. Title: Keystone Heights Junior/Senior High School Passage: Keystone Heights Junior/Senior High School (KHHS) is a public high school serving students in the seventh through twelfth grades in Keystone Heights, Clay County, Florida, USA and is part of the Clay County School District. Title: Liberty Bell Junior-Senior High School Passage: Liberty Bell Junior-Senior High School is a high school in Okanogan County, Washington, USA. The school is part of the Methow Valley School District and is located between Twisp and Winthrop. The school serves the towns of Twisp, Winthrop, Mazama and Carlton. Title: Tennessee Governor's Academy for Math and Science Passage: The Tennessee Governor's Academy for Mathematics and Science, commonly Tennessee Governor's Academy or TGA, was a residential high school located in Knoxville, Tennessee on the campus of The Tennessee School for the Deaf (TSD). It was founded in 2007 by Governor Phil Bredesen as part of an effort to provide challenges for students across the academic spectrum. Its inaugural class consisted of 24 high school juniors from throughout the state. The Academy was closd on May 31, 2011 due to lack of state funding. Title: Our Lady of Providence Junior-Senior High School Passage: Our Lady of Providence High School is a coed Catholic high school in Clarksville, Indiana, in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Indianapolis. The school first opened on September 12, 1951. Title: Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science Passage: The Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science (KAMS) is a two-year, residential, early-entrance-to-college program for U.S. high school juniors and seniors who are academically talented in the areas of mathematics and science. Located on the Fort Hays State University campus in Hays, Kansas, students concurrently complete their last two years of high school while earning over 60 college credits. Title: Monmouth-Roseville High School Passage: Monmouth-Roseville High School, or MRHS, is a public four-year high school located at 325 West 1st Avenue in Monmouth, Illinois, a city of Warren County, Illinois, in the Midwestern United States. MRHS is part of Monmouth-Roseville Community Unit School District 238, which also includes Monmouth-Roseville Junior High School, Central Intermediate School, Harding Primary School, and Lincoln Early Childhood School. The campus is located in Monmouth, IL, 17 miles west of Galesburg, Illinois, and serves a mixed city, village, and rural residential community. The school is in the Galesburg micropolitan statistical area which includes all of Knox and Warren counties. The school is located less than 1 mile from Monmouth College. Title: Hilltop High School (Whitecourt) Passage: Hilltop High School (HHS) is a public junior/senior high school located in Whitecourt, Alberta, Canada providing education to students in grades 9 through 12.	[ "Our Lady of Providence Junior-Senior High School", "Arcadia, Indiana", "Wayne Township, Hamilton County, Indiana" ]
When was the Excalibur built in the large city in the southeastern part of the state where Humboldt Range is located?	1990	[]	Title: Excalibur Hotel and Casino Passage: Circus Circus Enterprises constructed Excalibur which opened on June 19, 1990, as the largest hotel in the world, with over 4,000 rooms, covering over 70 acres. As of 2016 it is the seventh - largest hotel (by total number of rooms) in Las Vegas, and the eleventh - largest hotel worldwide. MGM Resorts International purchased the property in 2005. Title: Southern Nevada Passage: A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage. Title: Humboldt Range Passage: The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.	[ "Excalibur Hotel and Casino", "Southern Nevada", "Humboldt Range" ]
Where is the water lily pond painted by the artist who painted The Cliff Walk at Pourville?	his flower garden at his home in Giverny	[ "Giverny" ]	Title: Criss Angel Passage: In 2005, Criss Angel became the creator, director, and executive producer of the A&E Network show Criss Angel Mindfreak, and had entered production in January. Seasons 1 and 2 were filmed at The Aladdin in Las Vegas, with Season 3 at the Luxor Las Vegas. Premiering on July 20, 2005, the show's illusions included walking on water, levitating, walking up the side of Luxor Hotel (in the light of 39 focused lamps that can be seen from space), floating between two buildings, causing a Lamborghini to disappear, surviving in an exploding C4 Crate, cutting himself in half in full view of an audience and getting run over by a steamroller while lying on a bed of broken glass. Title: Water Lilies (Monet series) Passage: Water Lilies (or Nymphéas, French: (nɛ̃. fe. a)) is a series of approximately 250 oil paintings by French Impressionist Claude Monet (1840 -- 1926). The paintings depict his flower garden at his home in Giverny, and were the main focus of his artistic production during the last thirty years of his life. Many of the works were painted while Monet suffered from cataracts. Title: The Cliff Walk at Pourville Passage: The Cliff Walk at Pourville is an 1882 painting by the French Impressionist painter Claude Monet. It currently resides at the Art Institute of Chicago. It is a landscape painting featuring two women atop a cliff above the sea.	[ "The Cliff Walk at Pourville", "Water Lilies (Monet series)" ]
What is the population of the city of Williston, in the state where Bob Stenehjem was born?	26,977	[]	Title: WTMG Passage: WTMG (Magic 101.3) is a commercial radio station in Williston, Florida, broadcasting to the Gainesville-Ocala, Florida area on 101.3 FM. Title: Zahl, North Dakota Passage: Zahl is an unincorporated community in northwestern Williams County, North Dakota, United States. It lies along North Dakota Highway 50 north of the city of Williston, the county seat of Williams County. Its elevation is 2,014 feet (614 m). Although it is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 58856. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Bob Stenehjem Passage: Robert "Bob" Stenehjem ( ; January 12, 1952 – July 18, 2011) was a North Dakota Republican politician, serving in the North Dakota Senate for District 30. He was the Senate Majority Leader from 2001 until his death in 2011. Stenehjem ran for the Republican nomination for a seat on the North Dakota Public Service Commission in 2008 to succeed the retiring Commissioner, Susan Wefald. Stenehjem lost the nomination during the North Dakota Republican Party's state convention on March 29, 2008, coming in second place to eventual nominee Brian Kalk, a professor at North Dakota State University, during the North Dakota Republican Party state convention March 29, 2008. Stenehjem was subsequently re-elected to his seat in the state senate in 2008. Stenehjem was a graduate of Bismarck High School and Bismarck State College. He was a member of Ducks Unlimited and the National Rifle Association. He was the brother of North Dakota Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem. Title: Charles L. Scofield Passage: Charles L. Scofield (born February 15, 1925), was an American politician who was a member of the North Dakota House of Representatives. He represented the 1st district in the North Dakota House of Representatives from 1973 to 1980, as a Republican. He is a past president of the North Dakota Broadcasters Association, the Williston Chamber of Commerce, and Williston Kiwanis Club. Title: Edward Bancroft Williston Passage: Edward Bancroft Williston (July 15, 1837 – April 24, 1920) was a brigadier general in the United States Army. He was a recipient of the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the American Civil War. Title: World Population Foundation Passage: The World Population Foundation (WPF) was founded in 1987 in the Netherlands by Diana and Roy W. Brown. Their purpose was to create an organisation to draw attention to the effects of high birth rates and rapid population growth on maternal and infant mortality, communities and the environment, and to raise funds for population projects and programmes, with the ultimate aim of reducing world poverty and improving the quality of life of the world’s poorest people. Title: Williston, North Dakota Passage: Williston is a city in and the county seat of Williams County, North Dakota, United States. The 2010 census gave its population as 14,716, and the Census Bureau gave the 2015 estimated population as 26,977, making Williston the sixth largest city in North Dakota. The North Dakota oil boom is largely responsible for the sharp increase in population. Title: Champlain Valley Union High School Passage: Champlain Valley Union High School (CVU) is a high school located in the town of Hinesburg, Vermont, United States. The school serves the towns of Charlotte, Hinesburg, Shelburne, St. George, and Williston. The enrollment for the 2017-2018 school year was 1,322 students with 103 faculty. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Countries of the United Kingdom by population Passage: The population of the countries and regions of the United Kingdom was last measured by census in 2011. and the Census organisations have produced population estimates for subsequent years by updating the census results with estimates of births, deaths and migration in each year. The census results, and the annual population estimates, summarised below show that England is by far the most populous country of the United Kingdom and its population is therefore also presented by region. Title: Nanjing Passage: According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females.	[ "Bob Stenehjem", "Williston, North Dakota" ]
The shift away from what genre of the musical style that Subliminal performs in, is Kanye credited for?	gangsta rap	[ "Gangsta rap" ]	Title: Drift Away Passage: ``Drift Away ''Single by Dobie Gray from the album Drift Away B - side`` City Stars'' Released February 1973 Format 7 ''(45 rpm) Genre Pop Length 3: 54 Label Decca Songwriter (s) Mentor Williams Producer (s) Mentor Williams Dobie Gray singles chronology ``Rose Garden'' (1972)`` Drift Away ''(1973) ``Loving Arms'' (1973)`` Rose Garden ''(1972) ``Drift Away'' (1973)`` Loving Arms ''(1973) Title: Kanye West Passage: West's middle-class background, flamboyant fashion sense and outspokenness have additionally set him apart from other rappers. Early in his career, he was among the first rappers to publicly criticize the preponderance of homophobia in hip hop. The sales competition between rapper 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation altered the direction of hip hop and helped pave the way for new rappers who did not follow the hardcore-gangster mold. Rosie Swash of The Guardian viewed the sales competition as a historical moment in hip-hop, because it "highlighted the diverging facets of hip-hop in the last decade; the former was gangsta rap for the noughties, while West was the thinking man's alternative." Rolling Stone credited West with transforming hip hop's mainstream, "establishing a style of introspective yet glossy rap [...]", and called him "as interesting and complicated a pop star as the 2000s produced—a rapper who mastered, upped and moved beyond the hip-hop game, a producer who created a signature sound and then abandoned it to his imitators, a flashy, free-spending sybarite with insightful things to say about college, culture and economics, an egomaniac with more than enough artistic firepower to back it up." His 2008 album 808s & Heartbreak polarized both listeners and critics upon its release, but was commercially successful and impacted hip hop and pop stylistically, as it laid the groundwork for a new wave of artists who generally eschewed typical rap braggadocio for intimate subject matter and introspection, including Frank Ocean, The Weeknd, Drake, Future, Kid Cudi, Childish Gambino, Lil Durk, Chief Keef, and Soulja Boy. According to Ben Detrick of XXL magazine, West effectively led a new wave of artists, including Kid Cudi, Wale, Lupe Fiasco, Kidz in the Hall, and Drake, who lacked the interest or ability to rap about gunplay or drug-dealing. Title: Subliminal (album) Passage: Subliminal is the debut solo album of French rapper Maître Gims, member of the French rap group Sexion d'Assaut. The 18-track album was released 20 May 2013 on Wati B and on MMC, the latter founded by Maître Gims himself. The lyrics were all by Maître Gims whereas the music was by Maître Gims, Renaud Rebillaud and Stan-E Music. The album was a big success charting in France (reaching #2), Belgium (reaching #1) as well as charting in Switzerland.	[ "Kanye West", "Subliminal (album)" ]
When were the first demonstrations in the country where Vitaliy Lilichenko lived to protest the removal and replacement of Konayev?	December 17, 1986	[]	Title: Vitaliy Lilichenko Passage: Vitaliy Lilichenko is a ski-orienteering competitor from Kazakhstan. He competed at the 2009 World Ski Orienteering Championships in Rusutsu, where he placed 30th in the sprint, 45th in the middle distance, 35th in the long distance, and 9th in the relay with the Kazakhstani team. He won a silver medal in the middle distance at the 2011 Asian Winter Games, behind Mikhail Sorokin. Title: Malari incident Passage: The Malari incident (; , short for "Malapetaka Lima Belas Januari", "Fifteenth of January Disaster") was a student demonstration and riot that happened from 15 to 16 January 1974. In reaction to a state visit by the Japanese Prime Minister, Kakuei Tanaka, students held a demonstration protesting corruption, high prices, and inequality in foreign investments. After provocation by suspected agent provocateurs, the demonstrations became riots, which eventually turned into a pogrom. By the end of the incident, 11 protestors had been killed and hundreds of cars and buildings destroyed. Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: The "Jeltoqsan" (Kazakh for "December") of 1986 were riots in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, sparked by Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, who was replaced with Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Demonstrations started in the morning of December 17, 1986, with 200 to 300 students in front of the Central Committee building on Brezhnev Square protesting Konayev's dismissal and replacement by a Russian. Protesters swelled to 1,000 to 5,000 as other students joined the crowd. The CPK Central Committee ordered troops from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, druzhiniki (volunteers), cadets, policemen, and the KGB to cordon the square and videotape the participants. The situation escalated around 5 p.m., as troops were ordered to disperse the protesters. Clashes between the security forces and the demonstrators continued throughout the night in Almaty.	[ "Vitaliy Lilichenko", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union" ]
When did the civil war start in the country where Arambala is located?	October 15, 1979	[]	Title: First Indochina War Passage: Then the U.S. government gradually began supporting the French in their war effort, primarily through the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, as a means of stabilizing the French Fourth Republic in which the French Communist Party was a significant political force. A dramatic shift occurred in American policy after the victory of Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme. Title: Spain Passage: The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936. For three years the Nationalist forces led by General Francisco Franco and supported by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy fought the Republican side, which was supported by the Soviet Union, Mexico and International Brigades but it was not supported by the Western powers due to the British-led policy of non-intervention. The civil war was viciously fought and there were many atrocities committed by all sides. The war claimed the lives of over 500,000 people and caused the flight of up to a half-million citizens from the country. In 1939, General Franco emerged victorious and became a dictator. Title: Salvadoran Civil War Passage: The Salvadoran Civil War was a conflict between the military - led government of El Salvador and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN), a coalition or ``umbrella organization ''of several left - wing groups. A coup on October 15, 1979, led to the killings of anti-coup protesters by the government as well as anti-disorder protesters by the guerrillas, and is widely seen as the tipping point toward civil war. Title: Communications in Somalia Passage: After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. Title: Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet Passage: Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet, of Scorborough (circa July 1589 – 3 January 1645) was an English politician and Member of Parliament, who was governor of Hull in 1642 shortly before the start of the English Civil War. He refused to allow Charles I of England or any member of his entourage to enter the town, thereby depriving the King access to the large arsenal contained within. Later in the Civil war he and his son, John Hotham the younger, were accused of treachery, found guilty and executed. Title: Mid-twentieth century baby boom Passage: The end of World War II brought a baby boom to many countries, especially Western ones. There is some disagreement as to the precise beginning and ending dates of the post-war baby boom, but it is most often agreed to have begun in the years immediately after the war, though some place it earlier at the increase of births in 1941 - 1943. The boom started to decline as birth rates in the United States started to decline in 1958, though the boom would only grind to a halt 3 years later in 1961, 20 years after it began. Title: Age of Empires III Passage: Ensemble Studios released an expansion for the game named Age of Empires III: The WarChiefs on October 17, 2006. It contains three new native civilizations that can be completely controlled: The Iroquois Confederation, the Great Sioux Nation, and the Aztecs. New content for existing European civilizations, maps and gameplay additions (such as the "revolution" feature, in which players can "revolt" from their mother country and start an active military coup in the game) was added. Title: Vladimir Kurdyumov Passage: Kurdyumov served in the Red Army since 1918 in World War I and the Russian Civil War. He graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in 1925 and served as military attaché in the Baltic countries. From August 1931 Kurdyumov was a commander and commissar of the 25th Rifle Division. Title: Paintings on masonite Passage: Paintings on masonite is a series of 27 abstract paintings made by Joan Miró using the type of proprietary hardboard known as masonite, just after the Spanish Civil War started on 18 July 1936. These works break with his earlier phase which was known as his "wild paintings" period. This was a label established to describe the work done during the two years preceding the Civil War, between 1934 and 1936. Title: Arambala Passage: Arambala is a municipality ("municipio") in the Morazán Department of El Salvador. As of 2003, it had a population of 2116. Title: History of Algeria (1962–99) Passage: The History of Algeria from 1962 to 1999 includes the period starting with preparations for independence and the aftermath of the independence war with France in the 1960s to the Civil War and the 1999 presidential election. Title: United States Army Special Forces Passage: U.S. Army Special Forces 1st Special Forces Command (Airborne) combat service identification badge Active 19 June 1952 -- present Country United States of America Branch United States Army Type Special operations force Role Primary missions: Unconventional warfare Foreign internal defense Special reconnaissance Direct action Counter-terrorism Other roles: Counter-proliferation Counter-insurgency Hostage rescue Information operations Humanitarian missions Counter-narcotics Security forces assistance Part of 1st Special Forces Command Headquarters Fort Bragg, North Carolina Nickname (s) Green Berets, Quiet Professionals, Soldier - Diplomats, Snake Eaters, Bearded Bastards Motto (s) De Oppresso Liber Color of Beret Rifle - green Engagements World War II Korean War Cold War Laotian Civil War Dominican Civil War Vietnam War Salvadoran Civil War Operation Urgent Fury Operation Just Cause Gulf War Somali Civil War Operation Restore Hope Operation Uphold Democracy Bosnian War Kosovo War War On Terror Operation Enduring Freedom Iraq War War in North - West Pakistan Operation Inherent Resolve Operation Freedom's Sentinel Lord's Resistance Army insurgency Operation Atlantic Resolve Website www.army.mil/usasoc/	[ "Arambala", "Salvadoran Civil War" ]
Who founded the famous music-themed restaurant chain that opened its first establishment in the city where the Canterbury Tales journey started?	Peter Morton	[]	Title: Carriage Passage: First century BC Romans used sprung wagons for overland journeys. It is likely that Roman carriages employed some form of suspension on chains or leather straps, as indicated by carriage parts found in excavations. Title: Skurnik Wines Passage: Skurnik Wines was founded in 1987 by Michael Skurnik, who had started in the industry at Windows on the World restaurant under sommelier Kevin Zraly and then worked in wine sales for Establishment Import Company (now defunct) and Mommessin. Title: Bubba Gump Shrimp Company Passage: In 1995, Paramount Pictures approached Rusty Pelican Restaurants Inc. with a desire to create a restaurant based on a theme from Paramount's 1994 film Forrest Gump. The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. was created as a result. Within a year the Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. created a concept idea for the restaurant chain which was then licensed by Paramount Licensing, Inc. In 1996, the first Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. restaurant was opened in Monterey, California; its success led to its franchising on an international scale. Title: Isaac Tigrett Passage: On June 14, 1971 he and Peter Morton started the first Hard Rock Café (HRC) restaurant in London's fashionable Mayfair district. The restaurant combined rock music, memorabilia related to rock 'n' roll and American cuisine. Title: Ellen's Stardust Diner Passage: Ellen's Stardust Diner was opened in 1987 after Ellen's Cafe was closed down. It was the first 1950s theme restaurant in New York City and had waitresses in poodle skirts. In the late 1990s, a sister restaurant operated near Times Square under the name Stardust Dine-O-Mat. Title: Jim's Restaurants Passage: Jim's Restaurants is an American chain of restaurants owned by Uptown San Antonio, Texas-based Frontier Enterprises. Jim's, most well known for its breakfast and charbroiled Frontier Burgers, was started in 1947 when founder G. Jim Hasslocher built his first burger stand. The burger stand grew and became a drive-in burger concept with carhops, which eventually led to full-service restaurants in several locations. Prior to 1980, the restaurant chain expanded into the Houston metro area until Frontier withdrew and sold off the Houston locations. As of April 2010, Frontier operates 16 locations in the San Antonio area and 3 in Austin. Title: Tudor's Biscuit World Passage: Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida. Title: The Canterbury Tales Passage: The Canterbury Tales (Middle English: Tales of Caunterbury) is a collection of 24 stories that runs to over 17,000 lines written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer between 1387 and 1400. In 1386, Chaucer became Controller of Customs and Justice of Peace and, in 1389, Clerk of the King's work. It was during these years that Chaucer began working on his most famous text, The Canterbury Tales. The tales (mostly written in verse, although some are in prose) are presented as part of a story - telling contest by a group of pilgrims as they travel together on a journey from London to Canterbury to visit the shrine of Saint Thomas Becket at Canterbury Cathedral. The prize for this contest is a free meal at the Tabard Inn at Southwark on their return. Title: Cheeburger Cheeburger Passage: Cheeburger Cheeburger is a 1950s-style burger restaurant chain that started on Sanibel Island, Florida, United States, in 1986. They specialize in cheeseburgers, french fries, onion rings, and milkshakes. Title: Cracker Barrel Passage: Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc. is an American chain of combined restaurant and gift stores with a Southern country theme. The company was founded by Dan Evins in 1969; its first store was in Lebanon, Tennessee, which remains the company headquarters. The chain's stores were at first positioned near Interstate highway exits in the Southeastern and Midwestern United States, but has expanded across the country during the 1990s and 2000s. As of September 18, 2012, the chain operates 639 stores in 43 states. Title: Twisters Passage: Twisters is a New Mexican cuisine restaurant chain from the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico, which was founded in 1998. Title: London Passage: London has numerous venues for rock and pop concerts, including the world's busiest arena the o2 arena and other large arenas such as Earls Court, Wembley Arena, as well as many mid-sized venues, such as Brixton Academy, the Hammersmith Apollo and the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Several music festivals, including the Wireless Festival, South West Four, Lovebox, and Hyde Park's British Summer Time are all held in London. The city is home to the first and original Hard Rock Cafe and the Abbey Road Studios where The Beatles recorded many of their hits. In the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, musicians and groups like Elton John, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, Queen, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Eric Clapton, Led Zeppelin, The Small Faces, Iron Maiden, Fleetwood Mac, Elvis Costello, Cat Stevens, The Police, The Cure, Madness, The Jam, Dusty Springfield, Phil Collins, Rod Stewart and Sade, derived their sound from the streets and rhythms vibrating through London.	[ "London", "The Canterbury Tales", "Isaac Tigrett" ]
In what year did Sang Nila Utama come to the city that was the regional leader in tourism in 1995?	1299	[]	Title: Palermo Passage: Being Sicily's administrative capital, Palermo is a centre for much of the region's finance, tourism and commerce. The city currently hosts an international airport, and Palermo's economic growth over the years has brought the opening of many new businesses. The economy mainly relies on tourism and services, but also has commerce, shipbuilding and agriculture. The city, however, still has high unemployment levels, high corruption and a significant black market empire (Palermo being the home of the Sicilian Mafia). Even though the city still suffers from widespread corruption, inefficient bureaucracy and organized crime, the level of crime in Palermo's has gone down dramatically, unemployment has been decreasing and many new, profitable opportunities for growth (especially regarding tourism) have been introduced, making the city safer and better to live in. Title: Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives Passage: Traditionally, the Speaker is reckoned as the leader of the majority party in the House, with the Majority Leader as second - in - command. For instance, when the Republicans gained the majority in the House after the 2010 elections, Eric Cantor succeeded Boehner as Majority Leader. Despite this, Cantor and his successor, Kevin McCarthy, have been reckoned as the second - ranking Republicans in the House, since Boehner is still reckoned as the leader of the House Republicans. However, there have been some exceptions. The most recent exception to this rule came when Majority Leader Tom DeLay generally overshadowed Speaker Dennis Hastert from 2003 to 2006. In contrast, the Minority Leader is the undisputed leader of the minority party. Title: Jalan Damansara Passage: Jalan Damansara is a major road in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. One of the oldest roads in the city, it currently serves as a link between the Damansara sections of Petaling Jaya and Kuala Lumpur (from Bandar Sri Damansara through to the Petaling Jaya suburbs of Bandar Utama and Damansara Utama and then to the heart of Kuala Lumpur through its suburbs of Taman Tun Dr. Ismail and Bukit Damansara). Title: Sonja Lumme Passage: Sonja Lumme (born 6 October 1961, in Kristinestad) is a singer in Finland who represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest 1985 in which she sang Eläköön elämä. She got 58 points and came 9th place overall. Lumme made further attempts to represent Finland, participating in the 1988 Finnish final and in 1989, she came fifth with "Rakkauden Laulut". Her final attempt was in 1992 with the song "Rakkauden bulevardi" which came third. Title: Bjørn Lødemel Passage: Bjørn Lødemel (born 19 August 1958) is a Norwegian politician and a member of the Conservative Party of Norway (Høyre). He was elected to the Stortinget from Sogn og Fjordane in 2009. He had been mayor of Hornindal municipality since 1995, and a member of the council since 1991. He has also been regional council leader, and is the leader of Sogn og Fjordane Conservative Party. Title: Iran Passage: Alongside the capital, the most popular tourist destinations are Isfahan, Mashhad and Shiraz. In the early 2000s, the industry faced serious limitations in infrastructure, communications, industry standards and personnel training. The majority of the 300,000 tourist visas granted in 2003 were obtained by Asian Muslims, who presumably intended to visit important pilgrimage sites in Mashhad and Qom. Several organized tours from Germany, France and other European countries come to Iran annually to visit archaeological sites and monuments. In 2003, Iran ranked 68th in tourism revenues worldwide. According to UNESCO and the deputy head of research for Iran Travel and Tourism Organization (ITTO), Iran is rated 4th among the top 10 destinations in the Middle East. Domestic tourism in Iran is one of the largest in the world. Weak advertising, unstable regional conditions, a poor public image in some parts of the world, and absence of efficient planning schemes in the tourism sector have all hindered the growth of tourism. Title: Bethlehem Passage: On December 21, 1995, Israeli troops withdrew from Bethlehem, and three days later the city came under the complete administration and military control of the Palestinian National Authority in conformance with the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip in 1995. Title: Alan Wilson (musician) Passage: Alan Christie Wilson (July 4, 1943 -- September 3, 1970) was a co-founder, leader, and primary composer for the American blues band Canned Heat. He played harmonica, guitar, and sang with the group live and on recordings. Wilson was lead singer on Canned Heat's two biggest U.S. hit singles. His death at age 27 prefigured that of some of the other rock artists of the 1960s. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Tourism has been a key factor in economic development for many Southeast Asian countries, especially Cambodia. According to UNESCO, "tourism, if correctly conceived, can be a tremendous development tool and an effective means of preserving the cultural diversity of our planet." Since the early 1990s, "even the non-ASEAN nations such as Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and Burma, where the income derived from tourism is low, are attempting to expand their own tourism industries." In 1995, Singapore was the regional leader in tourism receipts relative to GDP at over 8%. By 1998, those receipts had dropped to less than 6% of GDP while Thailand and Lao PDR increased receipts to over 7%. Since 2000, Cambodia has surpassed all other ASEAN countries and generated almost 15% of its GDP from tourism in 2006. Title: Angel of the Morning Passage: In 1995, Chrissie Hynde and The Pretenders sang their own version on the Friends soundtrack album. The song was released as a single, but it did not chart. Title: Sang Dhesian Passage: Sang Dhesian (Dhesian Sang) is a village in Phillaur tahsil of Jalandhar district of Punjab state of India known for Baba Sang ji Gurdwara. Title: Sang Nila Utama Passage: Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijaya prince from Palembang said to have founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299. His official title adopted upon his coronation, was Sri Maharaja Sang Utama Parameswara Batara Sri Tri Buana, which can be translated as ``Central Lord King of the Three Worlds ''. The`` Three Worlds'' may refer to the three realms of the universe -- the heaven of the gods, the world of humans, and the underworld of demons. A few early kings in South East Asia had used the title Sri Tri Buana or ``Lord of the Three Worlds ''. He died in 1347; his son, Paduka Seri Wikrama Wira succeeded him. The account of his life is given in the Malay Annals. However, the historicity of the events as given in the Malay Annals is debated by scholars, and some believe that Sang Nila Utama may be a mythical person.	[ "Southeast Asia", "Sang Nila Utama" ]
When did the manufacturer of Koksan split from the country that released The Fox Family?	1953	[]	Title: Division of Korea Passage: The subsequent Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953, ended with a stalemate and has left the two Koreas separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) up to the present day. Title: Robin Hood (1991 British film) Passage: Robin Hood is a 1991 British adventure film directed by John Irvin, executive produced by John McTiernan and starring Patrick Bergin, Uma Thurman, Jürgen Prochnow, Jeroen Krabbé and Edward Fox. Although originally intended for a theatrical release in the United States and South America, the film was premiered on the Fox network in those territories a month before the release of "". It was released in cinemas in several countries in Europe and elsewhere, including Australia, New Zealand and Japan. Title: Power Rangers Time Force Passage: Power Rangers Time Force is an American television series and the ninth season of the "Power Rangers" franchise, based on the Super Sentai series "Mirai Sentai Timeranger", running for 40 half-hour episodes from February to November 2001. It was the last full season to completely air on Fox Kids following the sale of Fox Family Worldwide, which included Fox Family, Fox Kids and Saban Entertainment being purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The series is often praised by fans for its narrative, characters, acting and themes. Title: 25 Days of Christmas Passage: Freeform's 25 Days of Christmas Network The Family Channel (1996 -- 1997) Fox Family (1998 -- 2000) ABC Family (2001 -- 2015) Freeform (2016 -- present) ABC (2017 -- present) Disney Channel (2017 -- present) Disney Junior (2017 -- present) Disney XD (2017 -- present) Launched December 1, 1996; 21 years ago (1996 - 12 - 01) Country of origin United States Formerly known as Fox Family's 25 Days of Christmas (1998 -- 2001) ABC Family's 25 Days of Christmas (2002 -- 2015) Format Christmas - based films and programming, along with some non-seasonal films Running time Daily and nightly, annually from December 1 to December 25 Original Language (s) English Official website Official site Title: Samsung Galaxy (original) Passage: The Samsung Galaxy, known as Samsung GT - I7500 in some countries, is a mobile phone manufactured by Samsung that used the open source Android operating system. It was announced on 27 April 2009 and was released on 29 June 2009. It is succeeded by the Samsung i5700. Title: Edward Akroyd Passage: Lieutenant Colonel Edward Akroyd (1810–1887), English manufacturer, was born into a textile manufacturing family in 1810, and when he died in 1887, he still owned the family firm. He inherited "James Akroyd & Sons Ltd." from his father in 1847, and he became the owner of one of the country's largest worsted manufacturers. Title: New Girl (season 6) Passage: New Girl (season 6) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network Fox Original release September 20, 2016 (2016 - 09 - 20) -- April 4, 2017 (2017 - 04 - 04) Season chronology ← Previous Season 5 List of New Girl episodes Title: Koksan (artillery) Passage: The M-1978 Koksan is a 170 mm self-propelled gun of North Korean design and manufacture. Very little information is available due to the secretive nature of the North Korean government. The designations "M-1978" and "Koksan" were given to the type by American military analysts, as they first became aware of it in that year in Koksan, North Korea. Title: It's a Trap! Passage: ``It's a Trap! ''is a direct - to - video special of the animated series Family Guy which later served as the double - episode season finale of the ninth season and is the final part of the series' Star Wars parody trilogy Laugh It Up, Fuzzball. The home video was first released on December 21, 2010 and later aired on Fox in the United States on May 22, 2011 Title: The Fox Family Passage: "The Fox Family" was released in South Korea on 27 September 2006, and on its opening weekend was ranked seventh at the box office with 39,025 admissions. The film went on to receive a total of 202,990 admissions nationwide, with a gross (as of 8 October 2006) of . Title: Administrative divisions of Czechoslovakia Passage: This article deals with historic administrative divisions of Czechoslovakia up to 1992, when the country was split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the divisions were changed. Title: That '70s Show (season 8) Passage: That '70s Show (season 8) DVD cover Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network Fox Original release November 2, 2005 (2005 - 11 - 02) -- May 18, 2006 (2006 - 05 - 18) Season chronology ← Previous Season 7 List of That' 70s Show episodes	[ "Koksan (artillery)", "The Fox Family", "Division of Korea" ]
How many people live in the country Dr Babatunde Osotimehin hailed from?	182 million	[]	Title: Floribert Chebeya Passage: Floribert Chebeya Bahizire (13 September 1963 – 2 June 2010) was a leading Congolese human rights activist in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, hailed by the United Nations as "a champion of human rights". His death led to calls for an investigation from more than 50 organisations, including Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch, many countries and several senior UN officials, including Ban Ki-moon, Navi Pillay, Alan Doss and Philip Alston. Title: United Nations Population Fund Passage: Executive Directors and Under-Secretaries General of the UN 2011–present Dr Babatunde Osotimehin (Nigeria) 2000–2010 Ms Thoraya Ahmed Obaid (Saudi Arabia) 1987–2000 Dr Nafis Sadik (Pakistan) 1969–87 Mr Rafael M. Salas (Philippines) Title: Femi Babatunde Passage: Femi Babatunde Ijanikin (born December 13, 1986 in Ilorin) is a Nigerian football player currently playing with the Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin. Title: Israel Passage: In 2016, Israel's population was an estimated 8,476,600 million people, of whom 6,345,400 (74.9%) were recorded by the civil government as Jews. 1,760,400 Arabs comprised 20.7% of the population, while non-Arab Christians and people who have no religion listed in the civil registry made up 4.4%. Over the last decade, large numbers of migrant workers from Romania, Thailand, China, Africa, and South America have settled in Israel. Exact figures are unknown, as many of them are living in the country illegally, but estimates run in the region of 203,000. By June 2012, approximately 60,000 African migrants had entered Israel. About 92% of Israelis live in urban areas. Title: Southeast Asia Passage: Southeast Asia has an area of approximately 4,000,000 km2 (1.6 million square miles). As of 2013, Around 625 million people lived in the region, more than a fifth of them (143 million) on the Indonesian island of Java, the most densely populated large island in the world. Indonesia is the most populous country with 255 million people as of 2015, and also the 4th most populous country in the world. The distribution of the religions and people is diverse in Southeast Asia and varies by country. Some 30 million overseas Chinese also live in Southeast Asia, most prominently in Christmas Island, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, and also, as the Hoa, in Vietnam. Title: Minor White Passage: Minor Martin White (July 9, 1908 – June 24, 1976) was an American photographer, theoretician, critic and educator. He combined an intense interest in how people viewed and understood photographs with a personal vision that was guided by a variety of spiritual and intellectual philosophies. Starting in Oregon in 1937 and continuing until he died in 1976, White made thousands of black-and-white and color photographs of landscapes, people and abstract subject matter, created with both technical mastery and a strong visual sense of light and shadow. He taught many classes, workshops and retreats on photography at the California School of Fine Arts, Rochester Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, other schools, and in his own home. He lived much of his life as a closeted gay man, afraid to express himself publicly for fear of loss of his teaching jobs, and some of his most compelling images are figure studies of men whom he taught or with whom he had relationships. He helped start and for many years was editor of the photography magazine "Aperture". After his death in 1976, White was hailed as one of America's greatest photographers. Title: Philadelphia Passage: Philadelphia artists have had a prominent national role in popular music. In the 1970s, Philadelphia soul influenced the music of that and later eras. On July 13, 1985, Philadelphia hosted the American end of the Live Aid concert at John F. Kennedy Stadium. The city reprised this role for the Live 8 concert, bringing some 700,000 people to the Ben Franklin Parkway on July 2, 2005. Philadelphia is home to the world-renowned Philadelphia Boys Choir & Chorale, which has performed its music all over the world. Dr. Robert G. Hamilton, founder of the choir, is a notable native Philadelphian. The Philly Pops is another famous Philadelphia music group. The city has played a major role in the development and support of American rock music and rap music. Hip-hop/Rap artists such as The Roots, DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, The Goats, Freeway, Schoolly D, Eve, and Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes hail from the city. Title: Eritrea Passage: When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa. Title: Godwin Samararatne Passage: Acharya Godwin Samararatne (6 September 1932 – 22 March 2000) was one of the best known lay meditation teachers in Sri Lanka in recent times. During his teaching career he was based at his Meditation Centre at Nilambe in the central hill country near Kandy. After his death in March 2000 letters and tributes poured in as many people around the world attested to the impact that Godwin and his teaching had made on their lives. Title: Niyi Ogunlana Passage: Babatunde Niyi Ogunlana (born August 14, 1984 in Patako) is a former Nigerian football player, who was last playing for Kwara United F.C. of Ilorin. Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa", owing to its large population and economy. With approximately 182 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, and are identified with wide variety of cultures. The official language is English. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians, who live mostly in the southern part of the country, and Muslims in the northern part. A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria, such as those native to Igbo and Yoruba peoples. Title: Hail to the Chief Passage: A version of Lady of the Lake debuted in New York May 8, 1812, and ``Hail to the Chief ''was published in Philadelphia about the same time as' March and Chorus in the Dramatic Romance of the Lady of the Lake '. Many parodies appeared, an indication of great popularity.	[ "Nigeria", "United Nations Population Fund" ]
The city where Tombras Group is headquartered is located in what county?	Knox County	[]	Title: Ngopa Passage: Ngopa is a town in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Ngopa R.D. Block, and it serves as headquarters for that block. It is also an important administrative centre containing important government offices. Ngopa is from the district's main city, Champhai, and from the state's capital city, Aizawl. Title: Tombras Group Passage: Charles Tombras Advertising, Inc., dba The Tombras Group, is a full service advertising agency founded in 1946 and headquartered in Knoxville, Tennessee, noted for its national advertising campaigns in the United States. In 2015 The Tombras Group was honored as National Small Agency of the Year, presented by Advertising Age. Title: Knoxville City-County Building Passage: The Knoxville City-County Building is a building at 400 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee that houses the offices of the city government of Knoxville and the county government of Knox County, Tennessee. It also houses the Knox County Jail. The building stands ten stories, and contains of office space. At the time it was built it was said to be the largest office building in Tennessee.	[ "Tombras Group", "Knoxville City-County Building" ]
Where are the badlands located in the state where Kenneth Kauth was born?	southwestern South Dakota	[ "State of South Dakota", "South Dakota" ]	Title: Midlandvale, Alberta Passage: Midlandvale is a community within the Town of Drumheller, Alberta, Canada. It was previously a hamlet within the former Municipal District of Badlands No. 7 (then Improvement District No. 7) prior to being annexed by Drumheller in 1972. Now referred to as Midland by the Town of Drumheller, the community is located within the Red Deer River valley on North Dinosaur Trail (Highway 838), approximately west of Drumheller's main townsite. Title: Woman's Place Passage: Woman's Place is a 1921 American romantic comedy film directed by Victor Fleming. It stars Constance Talmadge and Kenneth Harlan. It was produced by Talmadge's brother-in-law, Joseph Schenck and distributed through Associated First National, later First National Pictures. Title: Adland Passage: Adland was founded by Åsk Wäppling in 1996, who uses the nom de plume "Dabitch" on the site. According to Wäppling, "we preserve, we publish, we deliver, we review and sometimes harass all advertising there is." Adland began as a place to collect plagiarized ads under the title "Badland," and has grown into the largest archive of commercials in the world. The site also houses an archive of over forty years of Super Bowl commercials. Title: Needle Tower Passage: Needle Tower is a public artwork by American sculptor Kenneth Snelson located outside of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., United States. Title: Carry On Matron Passage: Carry On Matron is the twenty-third in the series of "Carry On" films to be made. It was released in May 1972. It features series regulars Sid James, Kenneth Williams, Charles Hawtrey, Joan Sims, Hattie Jacques, Bernard Bresslaw, Barbara Windsor and Kenneth Connor. This was the last "Carry on..." film for Terry Scott after appearing in seven films. "Carry On Matron" was the second and last "Carry On..." for Kenneth Cope. Title: South Fork Grand River (South Dakota) Passage: It rises in the Badlands of northwestern South Dakota, south of the Cave Hills in western Harding County, and flows east past Buffalo, then past several units of the Grand River National Grassland in northern Perkins County. It joins the North Fork in the Shadehill Reservoir near to form the Grand, which is a tributary of the Missouri. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Kenneth Kauth Passage: Kenneth C. Kauth (August 18, 1924 – January 2, 2019) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives from 1969 to 1978. Kauth was a businessman, owning a tire business. Title: Tom Vilsack Passage: Vilsack was born on December 13, 1950 in a Roman Catholic orphanage (or "Foundling Home") in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where his 23-year-old birth mother (a secretary) had lived since September 1950 under the pseudonym of "Gloria"; he was baptized as "Kenneth." He was adopted in 1951 by Bud, a real-estate agent and insurance salesman, and Dolly Vilsack. They named him Thomas James. Title: Badlands National Park Passage: Badlands National Park (Lakota: Makȟóšiča) is a national park of the United States located in southwestern South Dakota. It protects 242,756 acres (379.306 sq mi; 98,240 ha) of sharply eroded buttes, pinnacles, and spires blended with the largest undisturbed mixed grass prairie in the United States. The park is managed by the National Park Service. Title: Ginger Islands Passage: The Ginger Islands are a group of islands lying west of Cape Alexandra, off the southern end of Adelaide Island, Antarctica. The largest of the islands appears reddish when free of snow. They were surveyed by the Royal Navy's hydrographic survey unit in 1962-63 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Kenneth Ginger, Civil Hydrographic Officer responsible for British Admiralty charts of the Antarctic for several years beginning in 1958. Title: Mary, mother of Jesus Passage: The Qur'an relates detailed narrative accounts of Maryam (Mary) in two places, Qur'an 3:35–47 and 19:16–34. These state beliefs in both the Immaculate Conception of Mary and the Virgin birth of Jesus. The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation. It mentions how Mary was informed by an angel that she would become the mother of Jesus through the actions of God alone.	[ "Badlands National Park", "Kenneth Kauth" ]
Who plays the One Day at a Time character that shares a first name with the spouse of Michal?	Richard Masur	[]	Title: Michal Piter-Bučko Passage: Michal Piter-Bučko (born 28 October 1985, in Prešov) is a Slovak football player who currently plays for Sandecja Nowy Sącz in the Ekstraklasa. Title: Michal Jordán Passage: Michal Jordán (born 17 July 1990) is a Czech professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for Amur Khabarovsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He previously played for the Carolina Hurricanes of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Hurricanes in the fourth round, 105th overall, of the 2008 NHL Entry Draft. Title: Michael Millett Passage: Michael Millett (22 September 1977 – 21 September 1995) was an English footballer who played for Wigan Athletic. Millett was regarded as a talented youngster who could play in defence or midfield. He had represented England at U16 and U18 level, and made his first-team debut for Wigan towards the end of the 1994-95 season. He played three league games and one League Cup match for the Latics, before being killed in a car crash on 21 September 1995, one day before his 18th birthday. The crash happened near Garswood, Merseyside. According to Graham Barrow, Wigan's manager at the time, "Michael was a real talent and as far as football goes it was not a case of if he'd make it, but when. I could tell from my very early days at the club that he was going to be a very good player." Title: Michal Kolomazník Passage: Michal Kolomazník (born 20 July 1976) is a Czech former footballer who played as a forward. He played three matches for the Czech Republic national team. He won the Czech Cup with FK Teplice in 2003. Title: One Day at a Time Passage: Ann Romano, a divorced mother, moves from their home in Logansport, Indiana, to Indianapolis with her daughters, the rebellious Julie and the wisecracking Barbara. Ann frequently struggles with maintaining her role as mother while affording her daughters the freedom she never had as a young woman. Ann begins dating her divorce lawyer, David Kane (Richard Masur). They become engaged and call it off on their wedding day, when David says he wants kids, but Ann does not. Dwayne Schneider, the building's quirky superintendent (most often referred to only by his last name), provides usually unwanted advice to the tenants. Title: Social Security (United States) Passage: Originally the benefits received by retirees were not taxed as income. Beginning in tax year 1984, with the Reagan - era reforms to repair the system's projected insolvency, retirees with incomes over $25,000 (in the case of married persons filing separately who did not live with the spouse at any time during the year, and for persons filing as ``single ''), or with combined incomes over $32,000 (if married filing jointly) or, in certain cases, any income amount (if married filing separately from the spouse in a year in which the taxpayer lived with the spouse at any time) generally saw part of the retiree benefits subject to federal income tax. In 1984, the portion of the benefits potentially subject to tax was 50%. The Deficit Reduction Act of 1993 set the portion to 85%. Title: Palti, son of Laish Passage: Michal was originally David's wife, but Saul gave her to Palti after she helped David escape from Saul. Later after David was anointed, but before he succeeded Saul as king of Judah, David demanded of Ish-bosheth, Saul's son (and Michal's brother), that she return to David as his wife. This Ish-bosheth granted. David demanded that Abner, a military leader, bring Michal to David in return for a meeting between them. Title: Ohrožený druh Passage: Ohrožený druh ("Threatened Species") is a compilation album by Czech recording artist Michal Horáček, released on Sony BMG in 2008. Title: Michal Kropík Passage: Michal Kropík (born 20 February 1985) is a professional Czech football player who currently plays for FK Viktoria Žižkov. He has represented his country at youth international level. Title: The Labyrinth of Time Passage: The Labyrinth of Time is a graphic adventure computer game created by Terra Nova Development, a two-man team composed of Bradley W. Schenck and Michal Todorovic. Intended to be the first in a series of games, "The Labyrinth of Time" was less successful than similar graphic adventures released around the same time, such as "The 7th Guest" and "Myst". It is the sole game produced by Terra Nova Development. In the years after its release, "The Labyrinth of Time" was published on more recent platforms by The Wyrmkeep Entertainment Co. in collaboration with the original developers. Title: Ujwala Nikam Passage: Ujwala Vasudev Nikam (born 19 June 1958, in Pune, Maharashtra) is a former Test and One Day International cricketer who represented India. She also represented Maharashtra women's cricket team in the domestic league. She played eight Test matches and two One Day Internationals. Title: Martin Lébl Passage: Martin Lébl (born 12 April 1980 in Prague) is a volleyball player from the Czech Republic, who competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the beach volleyball competition alongside Michal Palinek. As an indoor player he became "Best Attacker" at the 2001 European Championship, where the men's national team ended up in fourth place. With Lube Banca Marche Macerata he played at the 2008-09 Indesit Champions League and also was individually awarded "Best Spiker".	[ "One Day at a Time", "Palti, son of Laish" ]
Who did the performer of 4x4 play in Hannah Montana?	Miley Stewart	[ "Hannah Montana" ]	Title: Hannah Montana Passage: The theme song for Hannah Montana is "The Best of Both Worlds" written by Matthew Gerrard and Robbie Nevil, produced by Gerrard and performed by Miley Cyrus (as Hannah Montana). John Carta, who also composed the music cues to signify scene changes and commercial breaks for the first season, composed the music for the song. The song's lyrics describe the basic premise of the television series. Title: Hayley Chase Passage: Hayley Chase is an American actress, known for her many dramatic and comedic guest starring roles on television as well as her recurring role as Joannie Palumbo on "Hannah Montana". She has starred in numerous television ads such as Yoplait and AT&T. Title: RG-35 Passage: RG-35, is a South African mine resistant ambush protected vehicle developed by Land Systems OMC, a subsidiary of BAE Systems. The RG-35 was introduced in 2009 as a 6x6 vehicle, and a 4x4 version is also under development with the designers intending to make it a new family of vehicles. Described by BAE Systems as a "new class of vehicle" combining the capabilities of a 4x4 mine protected vehicle and a 8x8 combat vehicle, the RG-35 can be utilized in a variety of roles, including command, ambulance or recovery vehicle. Title: Hannah Montana Passage: Hannah Montana, also known as Hannah Montana Forever in its fourth and final season, is an American musical comedy television series created by Michael Poryes, Rich Correll, and Barry O'Brien. It focuses on Miley Stewart (portrayed by Miley Cyrus), who is a teenager living a double life as an average schoolgirl by day and as the famous recording artist Hannah Montana by night. The story follows the daily life of Stewart, her brother, and her friends while also starring Cyrus's country singer father Billy Ray Cyrus as her dad. Title: 2011 Kids' Choice Awards Passage: Favorite TV Show Favorite TV Actor iCarly Big Time Rush The Suite Life on Deck Wizards of Waverly Place Dylan Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Zack Martin Joe Jonas -- Jonas as Joseph ``Joe ''Lucas Nick Jonas -- Jonas as Nicholas`` Nick'' Lucas Cole Sprouse -- The Suite Life on Deck as Cody Martin Favorite TV Actress Favorite TV Sidekick Selena Gomez -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Alex Russo Miranda Cosgrove -- iCarly as Carly Shay Miley Cyrus -- Hannah Montana as Miley Stewart / Hannah Montana Victoria Justice -- Victorious as Tori Vega Jennette McCurdy -- iCarly as Sam Puckett David Henrie -- Wizards of Waverly Place as Justin Russo Noah Munck -- iCarly as Gibby Gibson Brenda Song -- The Suite Life on Deck as London Tipton Favorite Reality Show Favorite Cartoon American Idol America's Funniest Home Videos America's Got Talent Wipeout SpongeBob SquarePants The Penguins of Madagascar Phineas and Ferb Scooby - Doo! Mystery Incorporated Title: Pansarbil m/39 Passage: The Pansarbil m/39 or Lynx was a Swedish 4x4 armoured car that AB Landsverk began developing in 1937 for the Danish Army. Title: Breakout (Miley Cyrus album) Passage: Breakout is the second studio album by American recording artist Miley Cyrus, released on July 22, 2008 by Hollywood Records. It is her first record that is not affiliated with the television series "Hannah Montana", in which Cyrus portrays the title character Hannah Montana. She co-wrote eight of its thirteen tracks, several of which with the assistance of Antonina Armato and Tim James. The majority of the record was composed as she traveled during her headlining Best of Both Worlds Tour (2007–08). Overall, "Breakout" is dominant on pop rock but explores a variety of other musical genres. Lyrical themes addressed in the album relate to breakups and coming of age. An international version was reissued on September 1, 2008. Title: Achy Jakey Heart Passage: "Achy Jakey Heart" is a two-part episode of the television series "Hannah Montana". Both parts aired on June 24, 2007. The title "Achy Jakey Heart" is inspired by cast member Billy Ray Cyrus's song "Achy Breaky Heart". Title: Mitchel Musso Passage: Mitchel Tate Musso (born July 9, 1991) is an American actor, musician, and singer, best known for his three Disney Channel roles as Oliver Oken/Mike Standley III in "Hannah Montana"; Jeremy Johnson in the animated series "Phineas and Ferb"; and his Disney XD role as King Brady on "Pair of Kings". He was the host of Disney Channel's "PrankStars". Title: Hannah Montana Forever Passage: Hannah Montana Forever is the soundtrack album for the fourth and final season of the television series "Hannah Montana", released on October 15, 2010 by Walt Disney Records. All eleven tracks are performed by its primary actress Miley Cyrus, and are credited to her character Hannah Montana. Recording artists Billy Ray Cyrus, Iyaz, and Sheryl Crow appear as featured vocalists. The soundtrack is primarily a pop record, which sees additional influences from teen pop, pop rock, power pop, dance-pop, and country pop musical styles. Title: 4x4 (song) Passage: "4x4" is a song by American recording artist Miley Cyrus featuring American rapper Nelly from Cyrus' fourth studio album "Bangerz" (2013). It was written and produced by Pharrell Williams, with additional songwriting provided by Cyrus and Nelly. The song is a country rap track that discusses having fun through the metaphor of a 4x4 truck. The song is sampled in British indie rock band Alt-J's 2014 single "Hunger of the Pine". Title: I Wanna Know You Passage: "I Wanna Know You" is a duet by Hannah Montana and David Archuleta from the album "Hannah Montana 3". The song was first released on Radio Disney, May 2, 2009. The song was not released until its release with the album, "Hannah Montana 3" and it was not until post-release that the song garnered success in the United States.	[ "4x4 (song)", "Hannah Montana" ]
What county is William Samuel Verplanck Junior's place of death the seat of?	Knox County	[]	Title: Samuel Coleridge-Taylor Passage: Samuel Coleridge-Taylor was born in 1875 in Holborn, London, to Alice Hare Martin (1856–1953), an English woman, and Dr. Daniel Peter Hughes Taylor, a Creole from Sierra Leone who had studied medicine in the capital. He became a prominent administrator in West Africa. They were not married, and Daniel Taylor returned to Africa without learning that Alice was pregnant. (Alice Hare Martin's parents were not married at her birth, either.) Alice Martin named her son Samuel Coleridge Taylor after the poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Title: Thanksgiving (United States) Passage: The First National Proclamation of Thanksgiving was given by the Continental Congress in 1777 from its temporary location in York, Pennsylvania, while the British occupied the national capital at Philadelphia. Delegate Samuel Adams created the first draft. Congress then adapted the final version: Title: Trina Pratt Passage: Trina Pratt (born August 30, 1986) is an American former competitive ice dancer. With Todd Gilles, she won four ISU Junior Grand Prix medals and the 2005 U.S. national junior title, and placed sixth at the 2006 World Junior Championships. Title: Thomas Grubb Passage: He was born near Portlaw, County Waterford, Ireland, the son of William Grubb Junior, a prosperous Quaker farmer and his second wife, Eleanor Fayle. Title: Andrea Varraux Passage: Andrea Varraux (born February 7, 1986 in Orlando, Florida) is an American pair skater. With David Pelletier, Varraux won the 2003 Junior Grand Prix event in Croatia and placed fourth in Ostrava. They went on to place seventh at the Junior Grand Prix Final. Pelletier and Varraux are the 2004 US National junior bronze medalists and placed eighth at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships that year. Varraux also competed on the senior level as a singles skater. Title: Aníbal Matellán Passage: Aníbal Samuel Matellán (born 8 May 1977 in General Villegas) is a former Argentine football defender. He last played for Argentinos Juniors. Title: 2002 UCI Road World Championships Passage: The 2002 UCI Road World Championships took place in the region of Limburg, Belgium, between October 8 and October 13, 2002. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women, men under 23, junior men and junior women. Title: William Samuel Verplanck Junior Passage: William Samuel Verplanck Junior (January 16, 1916 in Plainfield, New Jersey – September 30, 2002 in Knoxville, Tennessee) was an American psychologist. He conducted a series of significant experiments in the fields of ethology, experimental psychology, and especially in the field of radical behaviorism. Title: Danuta Berezowska-Prociów Passage: Born in Szopienice, she placed eighth at the 1966 European Junior Games, seventh at the 1969 European Indoor Games, and sixth at the 1970 European Athletics Indoor Championships. Title: Jim Henry (footballer, born 1975) Passage: junior leagues with Lochee United. He returned to senior football in the summer of 2000, signing for Clyde. Henry never cemented his place as a first team regular at Clyde, and joined Stenhousemuir in March 2001. He went on to play for Forfar Athletic and Raith Rovers before returning to the juniors. Title: Week Ends Only Passage: Week Ends Only is a 1932 American pre-Code film directed by Alan Crosland and starring Joan Bennett, Ben Lyon and John Halliday. It was made by Fox Film Corporation. The screenplay was written by William M. Conselman and Samuel Hopkins Adams, based on novel by Samuel Hopkins Adams. Title: Knoxville City-County Building Passage: The Knoxville City-County Building is a building at 400 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee that houses the offices of the city government of Knoxville and the county government of Knox County, Tennessee. It also houses the Knox County Jail. The building stands ten stories, and contains of office space. At the time it was built it was said to be the largest office building in Tennessee.	[ "William Samuel Verplanck Junior", "Knoxville City-County Building" ]
Who is current defence minister of the state producing the most renewable energy in India?	Nirmala Sitharaman	[]	Title: Solar power in India Passage: Karnataka is the top solar state in India exceeding 5,000 MW installed capacity by the end of financial year 2017 - 18. The installed capacity of Pavagada Solar Park is 600 MW and its ultimate 2,000 MW installed capacity is expected by the end of year 2020. Title: Nirmala Sitharaman Passage: Nirmala Sitharaman (born 18 August 1959) is an Indian politician of the Bharatiya Janata Party, currently serving as the Minister of Defence in the Narendra Modi government. She is also a member of the Rajya Sabha for Karnataka. Title: Ministry of Defence and Veterans Affairs (Uganda) Passage: The ministry is headed by a cabinet minister. The current Minister of Defence, since 6 June 2016, is Adolf Mwesige. He is deputised by the Minister of State, currently Colonel Charles Engola Okello.	[ "Solar power in India", "Nirmala Sitharaman" ]
What is the highest point in the state where WZYP is located?	Cheaha Mountain	[ "Mount Cheaha" ]	Title: Tennessee Passage: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro. Title: WZYP Passage: WZYP (104.3 FM, "104.3 'ZYP") is a Top 40 (CHR) music-formatted radio station licensed to serve Athens, Alabama, and broadcasting in the Huntsville, Alabama, area. The station is owned by Cumulus Media and also broadcasts in HD Radio. The broadcast signal can be heard throughout all of northern Alabama and much of southern central Tennessee. Its studios are in Athens and its transmitter is in Madison, Alabama. Title: Cheaha Mountain Passage: Cheaha Mountain / ˈtʃiːhɔː /, often called Mount Cheaha, is the highest natural point in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is located a few miles northwest of the town of Delta in Cheaha State Park, which offers a lodge, a restaurant, and other amenities.	[ "Cheaha Mountain", "WZYP" ]
When was gay marriage legalized in the city where Spectre filming took place after the city where he died?	December 2009	[]	Title: Mexico City Passage: The politics pursued by the administrations of heads of government in Mexico City since the second half of the 20th century have usually been more liberal than those of the rest of the country, whether with the support of the federal government—as was the case with the approval of several comprehensive environmental laws in the 1980s—or through laws recently approved by the Legislative Assembly. In April of the same year, the Legislative Assembly expanded provisions on abortions, becoming the first federal entity to expand abortion in Mexico beyond cases of rape and economic reasons, to permit it regardless of the reason should the mother request it before the twelfth week of pregnancy. In December 2009, the Federal District became the first city in Latin America, and one of very few in the world, to legalize same-sex marriage. Title: Giovanni Gronchi Passage: The unhappy Tambroni experiment tarnished Gronchi’s reputation for good, and until the end of his period of office he remained a lame-duck President. In 1962 he attempted to get a second mandate, with the powerful help of Enrico Mattei, but the attempt failed and Antonio Segni was elected instead. As he ceased to be Head of State, he became a life senator by right, according to the Italian Constitution. He died in Rome on 17 October 1978 at the age of 91. Title: Spectre (2015 film) Passage: With filming completed in Rome, production moved to Mexico City in late March to shoot the film's opening sequence, with scenes to include the Day of the Dead festival filmed in and around the Zócalo and the Centro Histórico district. The planned scenes required the city square to be closed for filming a sequence involving a fight aboard a Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm Bo 105 helicopter flown by stunt pilot Chuck Aaron, which called for modifications to be made to several buildings to prevent damage. This particular scene in Mexico required 1,500 extras, 10 giant skeletons and 250,000 paper flowers. Reports in the Mexican media added that the film's second unit would move to Palenque in the state of Chiapas, to film aerial manoeuvres considered too dangerous to shoot in an urban area.	[ "Spectre (2015 film)", "Giovanni Gronchi", "Mexico City" ]
Who was the oppressive communist leader who was deposed in 1989 in the country where Jebel is located	Nicolae Ceaușescu	[]	Title: History of communism Passage: At the start of the 20th century, the Russian Empire was an autocracy controlled by the Tsar, with millions of the country's largely agrarian population living in abject poverty, and the anti-communist historian Robert Service noted, ``poverty and oppression constituted the best soil for Marxism to grow in ''. The man responsible for largely introducing the ideology into the country was Georgi Plekhanov, although the movement itself was largely organised by a man known as Vladimir Lenin, who had for a time been exiled to a prison camp in Siberia by the Tsarist government for his beliefs. A Marxist group known as the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party was formed in the country, although it soon divided into two main factions: the Bolsheviks led by Lenin and the Mensheviks led by Julius Martov. In 1905, there was a revolution against the Tsar's rule, in which workers' councils known as`` soviets'' were formed in many parts of the country and the Tsar was forced to implement democratic reform, introducing an elected government, the Duma. Title: Jebel, Timiș Passage: Jebel () is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Jebel, and also included Pădureni village until 2004, when it was split off to form a separate commune. Title: Stepan Demirchyan Passage: Stepan Demirchyan () (born June 7, 1959) is an Armenian politician and son of the Communist-era Armenian leader Karen Demirchyan. Title: Nicolae Ceaușescu Passage: Nicolae Ceaușescu (Romanian: (nikoˈla. e t͡ʃe̯a. uˈʃesku) (listen); 26 January 1918 -- 25 December 1989) was a Romanian Communist politician. He was general secretary of the Romanian Communist Party from 1965 to 1989, and hence the second and last Communist leader of Romania. He was also the country's head of state from 1967, serving as President of the State Council, from 1974 concurrently as President of the Republic, until his overthrow in the Romanian Revolution in 1989. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: In June 2005, presidential elections were held for the first time since the coup that deposed Ialá. Ialá returned as the candidate for the PRS, claiming to be the legitimate president of the country, but the election was won by former president João Bernardo Vieira, deposed in the 1999 coup. Vieira beat Malam Bacai Sanhá in a runoff election. Sanhá initially refused to concede, claiming that tampering and electoral fraud occurred in two constituencies including the capital, Bissau. Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: Spring 1989 saw the people of the Soviet Union exercising a democratic choice, albeit limited, for the first time since 1917, when they elected the new Congress of People's Deputies. Just as important was the uncensored live TV coverage of the legislature's deliberations, where people witnessed the previously feared Communist leadership being questioned and held accountable. This example fueled a limited experiment with democracy in Poland, which quickly led to the toppling of the Communist government in Warsaw that summer – which in turn sparked uprisings that overthrew communism in the other five Warsaw Pact countries before the end of 1989, the year the Berlin Wall fell. These events showed that the people of Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union did not support Gorbachev's drive to modernize Communism; rather, they preferred to abandon it altogether. Title: Cambodian Civil War Passage: The prince then found himself in a political dilemma. To maintain the balance against the rising tide of the conservatives, he named the leaders of the very group he had been oppressing as members of a "counter-government" that was meant to monitor and criticize Lon Nol's administration. One of Lon Nol's first priorities was to fix the ailing economy by halting the illegal sale of rice to the communists. Soldiers were dispatched to the rice-growing areas to forcibly collect the harvests at gunpoint, and they paid only the low government price. There was widespread unrest, especially in rice-rich Battambang Province, an area long-noted for the presence of large landowners, great disparity in wealth, and where the communists still had some influence. Title: Suhasini Chattopadhyay Passage: 1901-1973)) was an Indian communist leader and freedom fighter. She was the first woman member of the Communist Party of India. Title: Constantin Dăscălescu Passage: Constantin Dăscălescu (; 2 July 1923 – 15 May 2003) was a Romanian communist politician who served as Prime Minister of Romania (21 May 1982 – 22 December 1989) during the communist rule of Nicolae Ceaușescu until the Romanian Revolution. Title: United States invasion of Panama Passage: Invasion of Panama Part of the War on Drugs U.S. soldiers prepare to take La Comandancia in the El Chorrillo neighborhood of Panama City, in December 1989. Date 20 December 1989 (1989 - 12 - 20) -- 31 January 1990 (1 month, 1 week and 4 days) Location Panama Result US victory Military leader Manuel Noriega deposed Belligerents Panama Panama Defense Force United States Panamanian opposition Commanders and leaders Manuel Noriega (POW) George H.W. Bush Maxwell R. Thurman Guillermo Endara Strength 20,000 27,000 Casualties and losses 234 killed 1,908 captured 26 killed 325 wounded Panamanian civilians killed according to U.S. military: 202 United Nations: 500 CODEHUCA: 2,500 -- 3,000 1 Spanish journalist killed Title: Arifin Bey Passage: Arifin Bey (5 March 1925 – 2 September 2010) was born in Padang Panjang, West Sumatra in the Minangkabau Highlands, one year before the Communist revolt in 1926, and three years before the participants of Youth Conference in 1928 avowed themselves to be one people, the Indonesian people, constituting one nation, Indonesia, with one language Bahasa Indonesia. They were years of growing political and social unrest during which Dutch rule became increasingly oppressive. Title: Temple of Amun, Jebel Barkal Passage: The Temple of Amun is an archaeological site at Jebel Barkal in Northern State, Sudan. It is situated about north of Khartoum near Karima. The temple stands near a large bend of the Nile River, in the region that was called Nubia in ancient times. The Temple of Amun, one of the largest temples at Jebel Barkal, is considered sacred to the local population. Not only was the Amun temple a main centre of what at one time was considered to be an almost universal religion, but, along with the other archaeological sites at Jebel Barkal, it was representative of the revival of Egyptian religious values. Up to the middle of the 19th century, the temple was subjected to vandalism, destruction, and indiscriminate plundering, before it came under state protection.	[ "Jebel, Timiș", "Nicolae Ceaușescu" ]
What college did the director of Red Shirley attend?	Syracuse University	[ "Cuse", "SU" ]	Title: Shirley Pearce Passage: Born on 19 February 1954, Shirley Pearce was educated at Norwich High School for Girls, before studying psychology, physiology, and philosophy at St Anne's College, Oxford University, gaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1975. Title: We're Going to Be Friends Passage: ``We're Going to Be Friends ''Single by The White Stripes from the album White Blood Cells Released Late 2002 Format CD Recorded Early 2001 Genre Folk rock, acoustic rock Length 2: 28 Label V2 Records Songwriter (s) Jack White Producer (s) Jack White The White Stripes singles chronology`` Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground'' (2002) ``We're Going to Be Friends ''(2002)`` Red Death at 6: 14'' (2002) ``Dead Leaves and the Dirty Ground ''(2002)`` We're Going to Be Friends'' (2002) ``Red Death at 6: 14 ''(2002) Title: William Richardson Linton Passage: Rev. William Richardson Linton (2 April 1850 in Diddington, Huntingdonshire – 7 April 1908 in Ashbourne, Derbyshire), Corpus Christi College, M.A., was an English botanist and vicar of the parish of Shirley, Derbyshire. He was regarded as one of the leading batologists of his day. Title: Henry Shirley, 3rd Earl Ferrers Passage: Henry Shirley, 3rd Earl Ferrers (14 November 1691– 6 August 1745), known as Hon. Henry Shirley until 1729, was an English nobleman and lunatic. Title: Shirley, Maine Passage: Shirley is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The town was named after Shirley, Massachusetts. The population was 233 at the 2010 census. It was the birthplace of humorist Bill Nye. Title: Red Shirley Passage: Red Shirley is a short documentary film directed by Lou Reed. It tells the story of his cousin, Shirley Novick, living through World War I, fleeing Poland during World War II, and taking part in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The film was shot by photographer Ralph Gibson, and the soundtrack was recorded by Metal Machine Trio. Title: Lou Reed Passage: Upon his recovery from his illness and associated treatment, Reed resumed his education at Syracuse University in 1960, studying journalism, film directing, and creative writing. He was a platoon leader in ROTC; he said he was later expelled from the program for holding an unloaded gun to his superior's head. Title: Red River Valley Museum Passage: The Red River Valley Museum is located at 4600 College Drive, in the city of Vernon, county of Wilbarger, in the U.S. state of Texas. Title: Melissa L. Tatum Passage: Melissa L. Tatum is the research professor of law and former director of the Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program at the University of Arizona's James E. Rogers College of Law. She previously served as professor of law and co-director of the Native American Law Center at the University of Tulsa College of Law. Title: Gavrik Losey Passage: Gavrik was born in New York, the son of film director Joseph Losey and fashion designer Elizabeth Hawes. He attended the Little Red SchoolHouse in Manhattan, Poughkeepsie Day School in Poughkeepsie, and high school in New Jersey. After graduating, he travelled with his blacklisted father to England where he attended University College London. Title: Google Maps Passage: Google Traffic is available by selecting ``Traffic ''from a drop - down menu on Google Maps. A colored overlay appears on top of major roads and motorways, with green representing a normal speed of traffic, yellow representing slower traffic conditions, red indicating congestion, and dark red (previously red and black) indicates nearly stopped or stop and go traffic. Grey indicates there is no data available. Title: Kaitlin Hopkins Passage: Kaitlin Hopkins (born February 1, 1964) is an American stage, screen, and television actress, the daughter of actress Shirley Knight and stage producer/director Gene Persson.	[ "Lou Reed", "Red Shirley" ]
After which city is Paul Medhurst's team named?	Collingwood, Victoria	[ "Collingwood" ]	Title: Not Quite Paradise Passage: Not Quite Paradise is a 1985 British comedy-drama directed by Lewis Gilbert. It was originally released in Europe under the title "Not Quite Jerusalem", adapted by Paul Kember from his 1982 play of the same name. Title: Paul Medhurst Passage: Paul Medhurst (born 11 December 1981) is a former professional Australian rules football who played for the Fremantle Football Club and the Collingwood Football Club. Title: History of the Collingwood Football Club Passage: Like many Victorian AFL clubs, Collingwood has an extensive and detailed history extending back 125 years, it initially represented the inner Melbourne suburb of Collingwood, Victoria, however its supporter base, while rooted in the city of Melbourne, extends throughout Australia. It has won 15 VFL/AFL premierships, second to Essendon and Carlton with 16. They hold the record for most premierships in a row with 4 (1927–1930) and remain the only VFL club to have gone through a full home and away season undefeated (1929). Title: Wigan Riversiders Passage: Wigan Riversiders are a rugby league team based in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. The first team play in the North West Premier division of the Rugby League Conference; the second team play in the North West regional division under the name Wigan Riversiders Eels; and the third play in the North West Merit League. Title: New York Yanks Passage: The New York Yanks were an American football team that played in the National Football League under that name in the 1950 and 1951 seasons. Title: History of the Detroit Red Wings Passage: Chicago grain merchant James E. Norris bought the team in 1932. His first act was to change the team's name to the Red Wings. Norris believed the new name would help the team curry favor with Detroit's auto industry, and also wanted to pay homage to a hockey team for whom he had played earlier in the century, the Montreal Hockey Club -- nicknamed the Winged Wheelers. He also designed the first logo for the Red Wings, which is more or less the same logo that is used today. Title: Akron Pros Passage: The Akron Pros were a professional football team that played in Akron, Ohio, from 1908 to 1926. The team originated in 1908 as a semi-pro team named the Akron Indians, but later became Akron Pros in 1920 as the team set out to become a charter member of the American Professional Football Association (later renamed the National Football League (NFL) in 1922). Fritz Pollard, the first black head coach in the NFL, co-coached the Akron Pros in 1921. Paul Robeson played for the team in 1921 as well. He was among the earliest stars of professional football, before football became segregated from 1934 to 1946. In 1926, the name was changed back to the Akron Indians, after the earlier semi-pro team. Due to financial problems, the team suspended operations in 1927 and surrendered its franchise the following year. Title: Paul Ego Passage: Paul Ego (birth name Paul Jones) is a Billy T Award winning New Zealand comedian. He is best known both for his current role as leader of Team One on the New Zealand comedy current affairs panel show 7 Days, and as the voice artist of the Stickman in television advertisements for PAK'nSAVE supermarket. Title: Monique Adams Passage: Monique Adams is a former female American volleyball player who played collegiately for Louisiana State University (LSU) as an outside hitter. She was an AVCA All-American and played in back-to-back NCAA Women's Volleyball Championship Final Fours in 1990 and 1991. She was named MVP of the 1991 SEC Tournament and was also a member of the U.S. Junior National (B) Team in 1989. She was also one of only three players from LSU to be named to the AVCA All-American First-Team. Title: Charles McCrum Passage: Charles McCrum (born 8 December 1964 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is an Irish former cricketer. A right-handed batsman and right-arm medium pace bowler, he played 22 times for the Ireland cricket team between 1990 and 1994 including one first-class match against Scotland and two List A matches in the NatWest Trophy. His brother Paul has also played cricket for Ireland. Title: The Longest Yard (2005 film) Passage: The Longest Yard is a 2005 American sports prison comedy film and a remake of the 1974 film of the same name. Adam Sandler plays the protagonist Paul Crewe, a disgraced former professional quarterback for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who is forced to form a team from the prison inmates to play football against their guards. Title: Paul Pogba Passage: Paul Pogba Pogba playing for Manchester United in 2017 Full name Paul Labile Pogba Date of birth (1993 - 03 - 15) 15 March 1993 (age 24) Place of birth Lagny - sur - Marne, France Height 1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) Playing position Midfielder Club information Current team Manchester United Number 6 Youth career 1999 -- 2006 Roissy - en - Brie 2006 -- 2007 Torcy 2007 -- 2009 Le Havre 2009 -- 2011 Manchester United Senior career * Years Team Apps (Gls) 2011 -- 2012 Manchester United (0) 2012 -- 2016 Juventus 124 (28) 2016 -- Manchester United 34 (7) National team 2008 -- 2009 France U16 17 (1) France U17 10 (2) 2010 -- 2011 France U18 6 (1) 2011 -- 2012 France U19 12 (4) 2012 -- 2013 France U20 13 (3) 2013 -- France 49 (8) Honours (show) Representing France European Championship 2016 * Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 18: 55, 9 September 2017 (UTC). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 3 September 2017	[ "History of the Collingwood Football Club", "Paul Medhurst" ]
When did the largest Presbyterian denomination come to the Indian state with capital Aizawl.	1894	[]	Title: Presbyterianism Passage: Most of the Korean Presbyterian denominations share the same name in Korean, 대한예수교장로회 (literally means the Presbyterian Church of Korea or PCK), tracing its roots to the United Presbyterian Assembly before its long history of disputes and schisms. The Presbyterian schism began with the controversy in relation to the Japanese shrine worship enforced during the Japanese colonial period and the establishment of a minor division (Koryu-pa, 고려파, later The Koshin Presbyterian Church in Korea, Koshin 고신) in 1952. And in 1953 the second schism happened when the theological orientation of the Chosun Seminary (later Hanshin University) founded in 1947 could not be tolerated in the PCK and another minor group (The Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea, Kijang, 기장) was separated. The last major schism had to do with the issue of whether the PCK should join the WCC. The controversy divided the PCK into two denominations, The Presbyterian Church of Korea (Tonghap, 통합) and The General Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Korea (Hapdong, 합동) in 1959. All major seminaries associated with each denomination claim heritage from the Pyung Yang Theological Seminary, therefore, not only Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary and Chongsin University which are related to PCK but also Hanshin University of PROK all celebrated the 100th class in 2007, 100 years from the first graduates of Pyung Yang Theological Seminary. Title: Assemblies of God USA Passage: The Assemblies of God USA (AG), officially the General Council of the Assemblies of God, is a Pentecostal Christian denomination in the United States founded in 1914 during a meeting of Pentecostal ministers at Hot Springs, Arkansas. It is the U.S. branch of the World Assemblies of God Fellowship, the world's largest Pentecostal body. With a constituency of over 3 million, the Assemblies of God was the ninth largest denomination in the United States in 2011. Title: Desnianskyi District, Kiev Passage: Desnianskyi District () is an administrative raion (district or borough) of the city of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is located in the north-eastern part of the city on the Left Bank of the Dnieper River and is the most populous district of Kiev. It is also the second largest district with the total area of ca. 14.8 ha. Title: Raleigh, North Carolina Passage: Raleigh is home to a wide variety of religious practitioners. As of 2013, 46.41% of people in Raleigh are affiliated with a religion. The predominant religion in Raleigh is Christianity, with the largest numbers of adherents being Roman Catholic (11.3%), Baptist (10.85%), and Methodist (7.08%). Others include Presbyterian (2.52%), Pentecostal (1.99%), Episcopalian (1.12%), Lutheran (1.06%), Latter-Day Saints (0.99%), and other Christian denominations (6.68%) including Eastern Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Jehovah's Witness, Christian Science, Christian Unitarianism, other Mainline Protestant groups, and non-denominational. Title: Christianity in the United States Passage: All Protestant denominations accounted for 51.3%, while the Catholic Church by itself, at 23.9%, was the largest individual denomination. A 2008 Pew study categorizes white evangelical Protestants, 26.3% of the population, as the country's largest religious cohort; another study in 2004 estimates evangelical Protestants of all races at 30 -- 35%. The nation's second - largest church and the single largest Protestant denomination is the Southern Baptist Convention. The United Methodist Church is the third largest church and the largest mainline Protestant denomination in the United States. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints (Mormons) is the fourth - largest church in the United States and the largest church originating in the U.S. The Church of God in Christ is the fifth - largest denomination, the largest Pentecostal church, and the largest traditionally African - American denomination in the nation. Among Eastern Christian denominations, there are several Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches, with just below 1 million adherents in the US, or 0.4% of the total population. Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Presbyterianism Passage: In the mainly Christian Indian state of Mizoram, the Presbyterian denomination is the largest denomination; it was brought to the region with missionaries from Wales in 1894. Prior to Mizoram, the Welsh Presbyterians (missionaries) started venturing into the north-east of India through the Khasi Hills (presently located within the state of Meghalaya in India) and established Presbyterian churches all over the Khasi Hills from the 1840s onwards. Hence there is a strong presence of Presbyterians in Shillong (the present capital of Meghalaya) and the areas adjoining it. The Welsh missionaries built their first church in Sohra (aka Cherrapunji) in 1846. Presbyterians participated in the mergers that resulted in the Church of North India and the Church of South India.Sohra Title: Presbyterianism Passage: Presbyterian history is part of the history of Christianity, but the beginning of Presbyterianism as a distinct movement occurred during the 16th-century Protestant Reformation. As the Catholic Church resisted the reformers, several different theological movements splintered from the Church and bore different denominations. Presbyterianism was especially influenced by the French theologian John Calvin, who is credited with the development of Reformed theology, and the work of John Knox, a Scotsman who studied with Calvin in Geneva, Switzerland and brought his teachings back to Scotland. The Presbyterian church traces its ancestry back primarily to England and Scotland. In August 1560 the Parliament of Scotland adopted the Scots Confession as the creed of the Scottish Kingdom. In December 1560, the First Book of Discipline was published, outlining important doctrinal issues but also establishing regulations for church government, including the creation of ten ecclesiastical districts with appointed superintendents which later became known as presbyteries. Title: Vairengte Passage: Vairengte is a town in the Kolasib district of Mizoram state, India. It is located about 130 km from the state capital Aizawl. Title: Presbyterian Reformed Church (North America) Passage: The Presbyterian Reformed Church is a Christian denomination that was founded in Ontario, Canada on November 17, 1965, whose churches continue the historic Scottish Presbyterian orthodoxy in doctrine, worship, government and discipline, on the basis of a conviction that these principles and practices are founded in and are agreeable to the Word of God. Title: Northeast India Passage: State Historic Name Capital (s) Statehood Arunachal Pradesh North - East Frontier Agency Itanagar 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Assam Pragjyotisha, Kamarupa Shillong (till 1969), Dispur 1947 Manipur Kangleipak Imphal 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Meghalaya Khasi hills, Jaintia hills and Garo hills Shillong 1971 Mizoram Lushai hills Aizawl 1987 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1971) Nagaland Naga hills Kohima 1963 Sikkim Sukhim Gangtok Tripura Tipperah Agartala 1971 (earlier a Union Territory of India, constituted in 1956) Title: Presbyterianism Passage: The Presbyterian Church in Vanuatu is the largest denomination in the country, with approximately one-third of the population of Vanuatu members of the church. The PCV was taken to Vanuatu by missionaries from Scotland. The PCV (Presbyterian Church of Vanuatu) is headed by a moderator with offices in Port Vila. The PCV is particularly strong in the provinces of Tafea, Shefa, and Malampa. The Province of Sanma is mainly Presbyterian with a strong Roman Catholic minority in the Francophone areas of the province. There are some Presbyterian people, but no organised Presbyterian churches in Penama and Torba, both of which are traditionally Anglican. Vanuatu is the only country in the South Pacific with a significant Presbyterian heritage and membership. The PCV is a founding member of the Vanuatu Christian Council (VCC). The PCV runs many primary schools and Onesua secondary school. The church is strong in the rural villages.	[ "Northeast India", "Presbyterianism" ]
When was the band who performed Dancing on the Valentine established?	1978	[]	Title: Dancing on the Valentine Passage: Dancing on the Valentine is a Duran Duran video single released by PMI in the UK and Sony in the US in . It was released on VHS, Beta, Laserdisc, and Video8 (8mm) format. Title: Duran Duran Passage: Duran Duran () are an English new wave band formed in Birmingham in 1978. The band were one of the most successful acts of the 1980s, but by the end of the decade, membership and music style changes challenged the band before a resurgence in the early 1990s. The group were a leading band in the MTV-driven Second British Invasion of the US in the 1980s. They achieved 14 singles in the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart and 21 in the US "Billboard" Hot 100, and have sold over 100 million records worldwide. Title: Madonna (entertainer) Passage: In 1978, she dropped out of college and relocated to New York City. She had little money and worked as a waitress at Dunkin' Donuts and with modern dance troupes, taking classes at the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater and eventually performing with Pear Lang Dance Theater. Madonna said of her move to New York, "It was the first time I'd ever taken a plane, the first time I'd ever gotten a taxi cab. I came here with $35 in my pocket. It was the bravest thing I'd ever done." She started to work as a backup dancer for other established artists. Madonna claimed that during a late night she was returning from a rehearsal, when a pair of men held her at knifepoint and forced her to perform fellatio. Madonna later commented that "the episode was a taste of my weakness, it showed me that I still could not save myself in spite of all the strong-girl show. I could never forget it."	[ "Dancing on the Valentine", "Duran Duran" ]
What university is the college attended by Roland Moyle part of?	college of the University of Cambridge	[ "Cambridge", "University of Cambridge" ]	Title: Roland Moyle Passage: Moyle was born in March 1928. His father was Arthur Moyle who was a Labour Member of Parliament and served as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Clement Attlee. Moyle was educated in Bexleyheath and Llanidloes, and at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth and Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where he chaired the Labour Club in 1953. Title: Trinity Hall, Cambridge Passage: Trinity Hall (formally The College or Hall of the Holy Trinity in the University of Cambridge) is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. It is the fifth-oldest college of the university, having been founded in 1350 by William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich. Title: Doc Powell Passage: Doc Powell is an American jazz guitarist and composer. He was born and raised in Spring Valley, New York. He attended college at University of Charleston.	[ "Trinity Hall, Cambridge", "Roland Moyle" ]
When did the currencies of the country where the city of Pemba is found, first come into circulation?	16 June 1980	[]	Title: Mozambican metical Passage: The metical (MZM) replaced the escudo at par on 16 June 1980. It was divided into 100 centavos. The metical underwent severe inflation. After the revaluation of the Romanian leu, the metical briefly became the least valued currency unit, at a value of about 24,500 meticais per USD, until the Zimbabwean dollar took the title in late August 2005. Title: Indian 500-rupee note Passage: The Indian 500 - rupee banknote (₹500) is a denomination of the Indian rupee. The current ₹500 banknote, in circulation since November 10, 2016, is a part of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series. The previous banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi Series, in circulation between October 1997 and November 2016, were demonetised on November 8, 2016. On 13 June, 2017, The RBI will soon introduce new Rs. 500 notes, but the old ones will continue being legal tender. The design is similar to the current notes in the Mahatma Gandhi (New) Series, except they will come with an inset 'A'. Title: Pemba, Mozambique Passage: Pemba is a port city in Mozambique. It is the capital of the province of Cabo Delgado and lies on a peninsula in Pemba Bay.	[ "Pemba, Mozambique", "Mozambican metical" ]
What genre is album released by On the Avenue's performer in the album Cookin' it with Simply Beautiful's performer's record label at Montreux?	jaz	[ "jazz music", "Jazz", "jazz" ]	Title: Digital at Montreux, 1980 Passage: Digital at Montreux, 1980 is a live album by trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie with Toots Thielemans and Bernard Purdie recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1980 and released on the Pablo label. Title: Ronnie Foster Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux Passage: Ronnie Foster Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux is a live album by American jazz organist Ronnie Foster recorded at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1973 and released on the Blue Note label. Title: The Opening (album) Passage: The Opening is a live album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron featuring a performance recorded in Paris in 1970 and released on the French Futura label. Title: The Voice That Is! Passage: The Voice That Is! is an album by American jazz vocalist Johnny Hartman featuring performances recorded in 1964 for the Impulse! label. Title: On the Avenue (album) Passage: On the Avenue is the third studio album by American organist Ronnie Foster recorded in 1974 and released on the Blue Note label. Title: Night of the Living Dregs Passage: Night of the Living Dregs is an album by Dixie Dregs, released in 1979. The first half of the album was recorded in the studio, and the second half at the Montreux Jazz Festival on July 23, 1978. The album received a Grammy nomination for Best Rock Instrumental Performance. Title: Bach to the Blues Passage: Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label. Title: Groovin' High (Booker Ervin album) Passage: Groovin' High is an album by American jazz saxophonist Booker Ervin featuring performances recorded in 1963 and 1964 for the Prestige label. Title: Lay It Down (Al Green album) Passage: Lay It Down is the 29th studio album by American recording artist Al Green, released May 27, 2008, on Blue Note Records. The album was produced by Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson of The Roots and James Poyser. Four tracks feature guest artists, two with Anthony Hamilton, and one each with John Legend and Corinne Bailey Rae. "Lay It Down" is Green's first Top 10 Album since 1973, and, according to Metacritic, has received widespread acclaim from critics. "Stay With Me (By the Sea)" won Al Green and John Legend a Grammy award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group given in 2009. Title: Beauty and the Beast (1991 soundtrack) Passage: Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the official soundtrack album to the 1991 Disney animated feature film, Beauty and the Beast. Originally released on October 24, 1991, by Walt Disney Records, the album's first half -- tracks 2 to 9 -- generally contains the film's musical number s, all of which were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Howard Ashman, while its latter half -- tracks 10 to 14 -- features its musical score, composed solely by Menken. While the majority of the album's content remains within the musical theatre genre, its songs have also been influenced by French, classical, pop and Broadway music. Credited to Various Artists, Beauty and the Beast: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack features performances by the film's main cast -- Paige O'Hara, Richard White, Jesse Corti, Jerry Orbach, Angela Lansbury and Robby Benson -- in order of appearance. Additionally, the album features recording artists Celine Dion and Peabo Bryson, who perform a pop rendition of the film's title and theme song, ``Beauty and the Beast '', which simultaneously serves as the soundtrack's only single. Title: ECM Records Passage: ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in "Coda", a Canadian jazz magazine. Title: Simply Beautiful Passage: "Simply Beautiful" is a 1972 song by Al Green from his album "I'm Still in Love with You". It was sampled by Kanye West for Talib Kweli's song "Good To You," on Kweli's 2002 album Quality (album). Hip Hop group G-Unit also sampled the song on "Good To Me", from their popular mixtape, "Return of the Body Snatchers". Mary J. Blige's "PMS" sampled the song on her 2001 album, "No More Drama". Destiny's Child sampled the song on the track "Bridges" from their self-titled debut album that was released in 1998.	[ "On the Avenue (album)", "Lay It Down (Al Green album)", "Ronnie Foster Live: Cookin' with Blue Note at Montreux", "Simply Beautiful" ]
KAPE radio is licensed to a town in which county?	Cape Girardeau County	[ "Cape Girardeau County, Missouri" ]	Title: Cape Girardeau Township, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri Passage: Cape Girardeau Township is one of ten townships in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 37,778. Title: KAPE Passage: KAPE (1550 AM, "Cape Radio 1550") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Cape Girardeau, Missouri. The station is owned by Withers Broadcasting and the broadcast license is held by Withers Broadcasting Company of Missouri, LLC. Title: Gmina Rejowiec Fabryczny Passage: Gmina Rejowiec Fabryczny is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Rejowiec Fabryczny, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.	[ "Cape Girardeau Township, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri", "KAPE" ]
What was the native language of Devdas Mohandas Gandhi's father?	Gujarati	[]	Title: Devdas Gandhi Passage: Devdas Mohandas Gandhi (22 May 1900 – 3 August 1957) was the fourth and youngest son of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He was born in South Africa and returned to India with his parents as a young man. He became active in his father's movement, spending many terms in jail. He also became a prominent journalist, serving as editor of Hindustan Times. Title: Baltic Sea Passage: The Baltic Sea was known in ancient Latin language sources as Mare Suebicum or Mare Germanicum. Older native names in languages that used to be spoken on the shores of the sea or near it usually indicate the geographical location of the sea (in Germanic languages), or its size in relation to smaller gulfs (in Old Latvian), or tribes associated with it (in Old Russian the sea was known as the Varanghian Sea). In modern languages it is known by the equivalents of ``East Sea '',`` West Sea'', or ``Baltic Sea ''in different languages: Title: Alaska Passage: The Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks claims that at least 20 Alaskan native languages exist and there are also some languages with different dialects. Most of Alaska's native languages belong to either the Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene language families however some languages are thought to be isolates (e.g. Haida) or have not yet been classified (e.g. Tsimshianic). As of 2014[update] nearly all of Alaska's native languages were classified as either threatened, shifting, moribund, nearly extinct, or dormant languages. Title: Mahatma Gandhi Passage: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡæn - /; Hindustani: (ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); 2 October 1869 -- 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: ``high - souled '',`` venerable'') -- applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa -- is now used worldwide. In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa) and Gandhi ji, and known as the Father of the Nation. Title: Thomas Pringle Passage: Thomas Pringle (5 January 1789 – 5 December 1834) was a Scottish writer, poet and abolitionist. Known as the father of South African poetry, he was the first successful English language poet and author to describe South Africa's scenery, native peoples, and living conditions. Title: Non-cooperation movement Passage: The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule. It was led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. It aimed to resist British rule in India through nonviolent means, ``satyagraha ''. Protestors would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts and picket liquor shops. The ideas of Ahimsa and nonviolence, and Gandhi's ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence, were first seen on a large scale in this movement through the summer 1920. Gandhi feared that the movement might lead to popular violence. The non-cooperation movement was launched on 1st August, 1920. Title: Navajivan Trust Passage: Earlier, Navajivan referred to a weekly newspaper published by Gandhi, in Gujarati, from 1919 (September 7) to 1931, from Ahmedabad. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: The Native American name controversy is an ongoing dispute over the acceptable ways to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and to broad subsets thereof, such as those living in a specific country or sharing certain cultural attributes. When discussing broader subsets of peoples, naming may be based on shared language, region, or historical relationship. Many English exonyms have been used to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Americas. Some of these names were based on foreign-language terms used by earlier explorers and colonists, while others resulted from the colonists' attempt to translate endonyms from the native language into their own, and yet others were pejorative terms arising out of prejudice and fear, during periods of conflict. Title: Bapunagar Passage: Bapunagar is a neighbourhood in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. It is located in the eastern part of the city, in the Rakhial ward. Its name derives from the word "Bapu", which refers to Gandhi, who was popularly called "Bapu", or Father. Title: Dutch language Passage: In both Belgium and the Netherlands, the native official name for Dutch is Nederlands, and its dialects have their own names, e.g. Hollands (``Hollandic ''), West - Vlaams (`` West Flemish''), Brabants (``Brabantian ''). Sometimes Vlaams (`` Flemish'') is used as well to describe Standard Dutch in Flanders. Over time, the Dutch language has been known under a variety of names. In Middle Dutch Dietsc, Duutsc or Duitsc was used. It derived from the Old Germanic word theudisk, which literarily means ``popular ''or`` belonging to the populace''. In Western Europe the term was used for the language of the local Germanic populace as opposed to Latin, the non-native language of writing and the Catholic Church. In the first text in which it is found, dating from 784, theodisce refers to Anglo - Saxon, the West Germanic dialects of Britain. Although in Britain the name Englisc replaced theodisce on an early age, speakers of West Germanic in other parts of Europe kept on using it as a reference to their local speech. Title: Indira Gandhi Passage: Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindustani: (ˈɪnːdɪrə ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); née Nehru; 19 November 1917 -- 31 October 1984) was an Indian stateswoman and central figure of the Indian National Congress. She was the first and, to date, the only female Prime Minister of India. Indira Gandhi belonged to the Nehru -- Gandhi family and was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Indian prime minister. Despite her surname Gandhi, she is not related to the family of Mahatma Gandhi. She served as Prime Minister from January 1966 to March 1977 and again from January 1980 until her assassination in October 1984, making her the second longest - serving Indian prime minister after her father. Title: Basic education Passage: The pedagogic goals of Basic Education by Mahatma Gandhi are general and complex pedagogic targets and conrete pedagogic targets. The general targets are lifelong education, social education and integral education. The conrete pedagogic targets are craftwork, native language, co-education, the village community, hygiene - the Programme of safai - and reading and writing.	[ "Devdas Gandhi", "Navajivan Trust" ]
Who is the spouse of the actor who played Captain T in Pirates of the Caribbean?	Patti Hansen	[]	Title: List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters Passage: Captain Edward Teague, played by Keith Richards, is Jack's father. He is the former pirate lord of Madagascar and is now the keeper of the Pirate Code. He appears in At World's End, On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales. Title: Sam Claflin Passage: Samuel George Claflin (born 27 June 1986) is an English actor. He is known for portraying Finnick Odair in The Hunger Games film series, Philip Swift in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Will Traynor in Me Before You, Alex in ``Love Rosie '' Title: Pirates of the Caribbean (attraction) Passage: Pirates of the Caribbean is a dark ride attraction at Disneyland, the Magic Kingdom, Tokyo Disneyland, and Disneyland Park in Paris. The original version at Disneyland, which opened in 1967, was the last attraction whose construction was overseen by Walt Disney; he died three months before it opened. The ride, which tells the story of a band of pirates and their troubles and exploits, was replicated at the Magic Kingdom in 1973, at Tokyo Disneyland in 1983, and at Disneyland Paris in 1992. Each of the initial four versions of the ride has a different façade but a similar ride experience. A reimagined version of the ride, Pirates of the Caribbean: Battle for the Sunken Treasure, opened at the Shanghai Disneyland Park in 2016. Title: Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean) Passage: Davy Jones is a fictional character and one of the main antagonists of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, portrayed by Bill Nighy. He debut in the second film Dead Man's Chest as the main antagonist and return in the third film At World's End as one of the two main antagonists (the other is Cutler Beckett), respectively, and appear at the end of the series' fifth installment, Dead Men Tell No Tales who suggests will back in a possibile sixth film. He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman (based on the ghost ship of the same name). Title: Tia Dalma Passage: Tia Dalma, played by Naomie Harris, is a fictional character from the films Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. It is revealed in At World's End that she is the sea goddess Calypso. Title: Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean) Passage: Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, portrayed by Bill Nighy. He appears in the second and third films, Dead Man's Chest and At World's End, respectively, and cameos in the series' fifth installment, Dead Men Tell No Tales. He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman (based on the ghost ship of the same name). Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End Passage: Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End is a 2007 American epic fantasy swashbuckler film directed by Gore Verbinski, the third installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series and the sequel to Dead Man's Chest (2006). The plot follows Will Turner, Elizabeth Swann, Hector Barbossa, and the crew of the Black Pearl rescuing Captain Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones's Locker, and then preparing to fight the East India Trading Company, led by Cutler Beckett, who controls Davy Jones and plans to extinguish piracy forever. It is the last film in the series to be directed by Verbinski. It was filmed in two shoots during 2005 and 2006, the former simultaneously with the preceding film, Dead Man's Chest. With a production budget of $300 million, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End was the most expensive film ever made at the time of its release, even after adjusting for inflation. Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (soundtrack) Passage: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Film score by Klaus Badelt Released July 22, 2003 Genre Orchestral Length 43: 50 Label Walt Disney Producer Klaus Badelt, Hans Zimmer Klaus Badelt chronology The Time Machine (2002) The Time Machine 2002 The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003) Constantine (2005) Constantine 2005 Pirates of the Caribbean chronology The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003) The Curse of the Black Pearl2003 Pirates Remixed (2006) Pirates Remixed 2006 Title: Lee Arenberg Passage: Lee Arenberg (born July 18, 1962) is an American actor, best known for his role as Pintel, one of Captain Barbossa's crew, in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. He also had a recurring role as the dwarf Grumpy in the television series Once Upon a Time. He attended UCLA as a theatre major. Title: Theodora Richards Passage: Theodora Dupree Richards (born March 18, 1985) is an American model and the daughter of Patti Hansen and Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, and the older sister of Alexandra Richards. Title: List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters Passage: William ``Bootstrap Bill ''Turner Sr. is a fictional pirate in Disney's Pirates of the Caribbean film series. Although he is only mentioned in the first film, he appears in the first two sequels, portrayed by Stellan Skarsgård. Title: Paul Paddick Passage: Paul Paddick is an Australian singer and actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Captain Feathersword, ``the friendly pirate, ''a character associated with the children's band The Wiggles.	[ "Theodora Richards", "List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters" ]
Who was manager when the team that Alan Harris was a member of won Champion's League?	Roberto Di Matteo	[]	Title: Allan Harris Passage: Harris was a full-back and began his career with Chelsea, for whom he played 70 league games in his first stint with the club. He joined Coventry in 1964, spending two years there, before briefly returning to Chelsea again, where he played in their 1967 FA Cup final loss to Tottenham Hotspur. Title: Chatham Maroons Passage: The Chatham Maroons are a junior ice hockey team based in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Maroons were the 1970 Western Ontario Junior A Champions and 1973 Southern Ontario Junior A Champions. The Maroons have won multiple Junior B league titles and the 1999 Sutherland Cup as Ontario Hockey Association Junior B Champions. Title: List of Chelsea F.C. managers Passage: Name Nat Tenure Honours Ted Drake England 1952 -- 1961 1955 First Division 1955 FA Charity Shield Tommy Docherty Scotland 1961 -- 1967 1965 Football League Cup Dave Sexton England 1967 -- 1974 1970 FA Cup 1971 European Cup Winners' Cup John Neal England 1981 -- 1985 1984 Second Division John Hollins England 1985 -- 1988 1986 Full Members Cup Bobby Campbell England 1988 -- 1991 1989 Second Division 1990 Full Members Cup Ruud Gullit Netherlands 1996 -- 1998 1997 FA Cup Gianluca Vialli Italy 1998 -- 2000 1998 Football League Cup 1998 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1998 UEFA Super Cup 2000 FA Cup 2000 FA Charity Shield José Mourinho Portugal 2004 -- 2007 2013 -- 2015 2005 Football League Cup 2005 Premier League 2005 FA Community Shield 2006 Premier League 2007 Football League Cup 2007 FA Cup 2015 Football League Cup 2015 Premier League Guus Hiddink Netherlands 2009 2015 -- 2016 2009 FA Cup Carlo Ancelotti Italy 2009 -- 2011 2009 FA Community Shield 2010 Premier League 2010 FA Cup Roberto Di Matteo Italy 2012 2012 FA Cup 2012 UEFA Champions League Rafael Benítez Spain 2012 -- 2013 2013 UEFA Europa League Antonio Conte Italy 2016 -- 2018 2017 Premier League 2018 FA Cup	[ "List of Chelsea F.C. managers", "Allan Harris" ]
Where is the birthplace of the painter of works named for the country KTV2 is located in?	Beirut	[]	Title: Kuwait (Kanso series) Passage: Kuwait is a group of approximately 40 paintings made by Nabil Kanso in 1990-91 on the Gulf War and Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait. The works in the series were first exhibited in Kuwait in March – April 1992 at the Free Atelier Art Center and traveled in June to Caracas for a special exhibit at the Palacio de Gobierno in honor of the Emir of Kuwait’s visit to Venezuela. Then, the exhibition proceeded to Geneva and was held at the Red Cross Museum in July – August 1992. Title: KTV2 Passage: Kuwait television channel 2 (KTV2) is Kuwait's governmental television channel dedicated for the English-speaking public. The channel broadcasts English-speaking shows, local programmes, news, English-subtitled local serials, English-speaking international serials, and English-speaking or English-subtitled movies. Kuwait television started its broadcast on November 15, 1961; as the official television of the ministry of information of the state of Kuwait. There are so far five channels: channel 1 (Al-Oula, KTV1), used for Arabic programming; channel 2 (KTV2); channel 3 (KTV3 or sport), for purely sports programming; channel 4 (KTV4), for pre-recorded and re-runs of movies and serials from other channels; and channel 5 (KTV-Plus), Kuwait's official governmental satellite broadcast, currently merged with KTV1. The Kuwait Ministry of Information has an online feed of three of its channels. Title: Place des Martyres (paintings) Passage: Place des Martyres is the title of a series of over 250 watercolors and drawings executed in New York and Beirut between 1971 and 1974 by Nabil Kanso. The subjects of the works in the series are based on the women headquartered in the red-light district of Beirut city center called el Bourj, and after World War I named Place des Martyrs French for Martyrs’ Place in memory of dozens of Arab nationalists who were hanged in 1915-16 during Ottoman rule.	[ "KTV2", "Place des Martyres (paintings)", "Kuwait (Kanso series)" ]
What was the goal of the battle that occurred where Raymond lives in Everybody Loves Raymond?	control of the strategically important city of New York	[]	Title: Madylin Sweeten Passage: Madylin Anne Michele Sweeten (born June 27, 1991) is an American actress and comedian, best known for playing the role of Ally Barone on the CBS television sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond from 1996 -- 2005. Title: Who's Making Love Passage: "Who's Making Love" is a song written by Stax Records staffers Homer Banks, Bettye Crutcher, Don Davis and Raymond Jackson and recorded by singer Johnnie Taylor. Title: Italy (Everybody Loves Raymond) Passage: "Italy" is the two-part season five premiere of the American television sitcom "Everybody Loves Raymond". Constituting the 100th and 101st overall episodes of the series, they were written by the creator Philip Rosenthal and directed by Gary Halvorson. In this episode of the show, which revolves around the life of Italian-American "Newsday" sportswriter Raymond Barone and his oddball family, his parents, Marie and Frank, announce that they're all going to Italy to visit the former's cousin Colletta, and everyone is excited to go except Raymond. Meanwhile, during the trip, Ray's brother Robert is attracted to a woman named Stefania, and tries to get past her father Signore Fogagnolo to meet her. With part one originally airing on October 2, 2000 and the concluding half on October 9, both on CBS, the episode has earned positive reviews from critics and received a Writers Guild of America Award. Title: Raymond Gram Swing Passage: Raymond Gram Swing (March 25, 1887 – December 22, 1968) was an American print and broadcast journalist. He was one of the most influential news commentators of his era, heard by people worldwide as a leading American voice from Britain during World War II. Known originally as Raymond Swing, he adopted his wife's last name in 1919 and became known as Raymond Gram Swing. Title: Maggie Wheeler Passage: Margaret Emily Wheeler (née Jakobson; born August 7, 1961) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Janice on the sitcom Friends. She was also a recurring character on Everybody Loves Raymond as Linda and Anita Warrell on the sitcom Ellen. Title: Katherine Helmond Passage: Katherine Marie Helmond (born July 5, 1929) is an American film, theater and television actress and director. In her five decades of television acting, she is known her starring role as the ditzy matriarch, Jessica Tate, on the ABC prime time soap opera sitcom, Soap (1977 -- 1981) and her co-starring role as feisty mother, Mona Robinson on Who's the Boss? (1984 -- 1992). She also played Doris Sherman on Coach and Lois Whelan on Everybody Loves Raymond. She has also appeared as a guest on several talk and variety shows. Title: Finding Love in Memories Passage: Searching for You in Loving Memories is Raymond Lam's debut album and was released on 23 November 2007. It contains ten tracks with a bonus DVD track containing two music videos. It is released with three different covers for variation. Title: Everybody Loves Raymond Passage: The show is centered on the life of an Italian - American everyman named Raymond Barone, a sportswriter for Newsday living with his family in Long Island. Beleaguered, diffident and dryly sarcastic, Raymond takes few things seriously, making jokes in nearly every situation, no matter how troubling or serious. He often avoids responsibilities around the house and with his kids, leaving this to wife Debra. Title: A Maori Maid's Love Passage: A Maori Maid's Love (Originally titled The Surveyor's Daughter) is a 1916 Australian silent film directed by Raymond Longford about an interracial romance between a white man and a Māori girl. It is considered a lost film as there are no known copies. Title: Everybody Loves Raymond Passage: Everybody Loves Raymond is an American sitcom television series created by Philip Rosenthal that aired on CBS from September 13, 1996 to May 16, 2005, with a total of 210 episodes spanning over nine seasons. It was produced by Where's Lunch and Worldwide Pants, in association with HBO Independent Productions. The cast members are Ray Romano, Patricia Heaton, Brad Garrett, Doris Roberts, Peter Boyle, Madylin Sweeten, and Monica Horan. Most episodes of the nine season series were filmed in front of a live studio audience, with few exceptions. Title: Battle of Inab Passage: The Battle of Inab, also called Battle of Ard al-Hâtim or Fons Muratus, was fought on 29 June 1149, during the Second Crusade. The Zengid army of Atabeg Nur ad-Din Zangi destroyed the combined army of Prince Raymond of Antioch and the Hashshashin of Ali ibn-Wafa. The Principality of Antioch was subsequently pillaged and reduced in size as its eastern border was pushed west. Title: Battle of Long Island Passage: The Battle of Long Island is also known as the Battle of Brooklyn and the Battle of Brooklyn Heights. It was fought on August 27, 1776 and was the first major battle of the American Revolutionary War to take place after the United States declared its independence on July 4, 1776. It was a victory for the British Army and the beginning of a successful campaign that gave them control of the strategically important city of New York. In terms of troop deployment and fighting, it was the largest battle of the entire war.	[ "Everybody Loves Raymond", "Battle of Long Island" ]
What was the population of the state where KKWE is located by 1900?	1.7 million	[]	Title: Minnesota Passage: From fewer than 6,120 white settlers in 1850, Minnesota's official population grew to over 1.7 million by 1900. Each of the next six decades saw a 15 percent increase in population, reaching 3.4 million in 1960. Growth then slowed, rising 11 percent to 3.8 million in 1970, and an average of 9 percent over the next three decades to 4.9 million in the 2000 Census.The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of Minnesota was 5,611,179 on July 1, 2018, a 5.79 percent increase since the 2010 United States Census. The rate of population change, and age and gender distributions, approximate the national average. Minnesota's center of population is in Hennepin County.As of the 2010 Census, the population of Minnesota was 5,303,925. The gender makeup of the state was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. 24.2% of the population were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 27.1% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older.The table below shows the racial composition of Minnesota's population as of 2017. Title: West Mansfield, Ohio Passage: West Mansfield is a village located in Logan County, Ohio, United States. The population was 682 at the 2010 census. Title: KKWE Passage: KKWE (89.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve White Earth, Minnesota and surrounding area. The station is owned by the White Earth Land Recovery Project, a Native American-run nonprofit organization. It airs a variety of music and talk programming, much of which is native-oriented.	[ "KKWE", "Minnesota" ]
In which county is the city where Ken Still was born?	Pierce County	[]	Title: Ken Still Passage: Still was born in Tacoma, Washington. During his early twenties, he developed a friendship with Los Angeles Dodgers pitchers Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale. He turned professional in 1953. Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: Title: Pierce County Community Newspaper Group Passage: The Pierce County Community Newspaper Group (PCCNG) consists of four newspapers in and around Tacoma, Washington. The papers include the Tacoma Weekly (formerly the Tacoma Monthly), the Fife Free Press, the Milton-Edgewood Signal.	[ "Pierce County Community Newspaper Group", "Ken Still" ]
When did allied troops land in the region where the screening was prevented?	8 November 1942	[]	Title: Casablanca (film) Passage: Although an initial release date was anticipated for early 1943, the film premiered at the Hollywood Theater in New York City on November 26, 1942, to coincide with the Allied invasion of North Africa and the capture of Casablanca. It went into general release on January 23, 1943, to take advantage of the Casablanca Conference, a high-level meeting in the city between British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and American President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The Office of War Information prevented screening of the film to troops in North Africa, believing it would cause resentment among Vichy supporters in the region. Title: Operation Torch Passage: Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast) was the Anglo - American invasion of French North Africa during the North African Campaign of the Second World War which started on 8 November 1942. It is the first major operation that US troops undertook in the European / North African theatre of World War II. Title: Battle of Grünberg Passage: The Battle of Grünberg (21 March 1761) was fought between French and allied Prussian and Hanoverian troops in the Seven Years' War at village of Grünberg, Hesse, near Stangenrod. The French, led by the duc de Broglie, inflicted a significant defeat on the allies, taking several thousand prisoners, and capturing 18 military standards. The allied loss prompted Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick to lift the Siege of Cassel and retreat.	[ "Casablanca (film)", "Operation Torch" ]
What marked the end of the place where the idea of representative democracy originated?	establishment of the Roman Empire.	[ "Roman Empire" ]	Title: Occupation of Japan Passage: The Allied occupation of Japan at the end of World War II was led by General Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers, with support from the British Commonwealth. Unlike in the occupation of Germany, the Soviet Union was allowed little to no influence over Japan. This foreign presence marks the only time in Japan's history that it has been occupied by a foreign power. The country became a parliamentary democracy that recalled ``New Deal ''priorities of the 1930s by Roosevelt. The occupation, codenamed Operation Blacklist, was ended by the San Francisco Peace Treaty, signed on September 8, 1951, and effective from April 28, 1952, after which Japan's sovereignty -- with the exception, until 1972, of the Ryukyu Islands -- was fully restored. Title: Representative democracy Passage: The Roman Republic was the first government in the western world to have a representative government, despite taking the form of a direct government in the Roman assemblies. The Roman model of governance inspired many political thinkers over the centuries, and today's modern representative democracies imitate more the Roman than the Greek models because it was a state in which supreme power was held by the people and their elected representatives, and which had an elected or nominated leader. Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives as opposed to a direct democracy, a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly. A European medieval tradition of selecting representatives from the various estates (classes, but not as we know them today) to advise / control monarchs led to relatively wide familiarity with representative systems inspired by Roman systems. Title: YouCut Passage: YouCut was a program started by Republican Congressman and House Majority Leader Eric Cantor in May 2010 to present ideas for potential cost-cutting bills to be presented to the House of Representatives of the United States, and to solicit feedback on those ideas from the public. The program consisted of a website offering ideas for visitors to vote on, and presents video of congress members discussing the winning ideas on the House floor. Title: Muammar Gaddafi Passage: Having removed the monarchical government, Gaddafi proclaimed the foundation of the Libyan Arab Republic. Addressing the populace by radio, he proclaimed an end to the "reactionary and corrupt" regime, "the stench of which has sickened and horrified us all." Due to the coup's bloodless nature, it was initially labelled the "White Revolution", although was later renamed the "One September Revolution" after the date on which it occurred. Gaddafi insisted that the Free Officers' coup represented a revolution, marking the start of widespread change in the socio-economic and political nature of Libya. He proclaimed that the revolution meant "freedom, socialism, and unity", and over the coming years implemented measures to achieve this. Title: Agrarianism Passage: United States president (1801 -- 1809) Thomas Jefferson was a representative agrarian who built Jeffersonian democracy around the notion that farmers are ``the most valuable citizens ''and the truest republicans. Title: Alien vs. Predator (film) Passage: Ian Whyte as The Predator / ``Scar '', one of the three main Predators who come to Earth to create and hunt Aliens within the pyramid as a rite of passage. Whyte played the lead Predator, called Scar in the film's credits due to the Predator marking himself with the Alien's acidic blood. Whyte also played the three Predators: Chopper, Celtic and Elder (leader of the Predators at the end of the film). Title: Roman Republic Passage: The Roman Republic (Latin: Res publica Romana; Classical Latin: (ˈreːs ˈpuːb. lɪ. ka roːˈmaː.na)) was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world. Title: Flag of South Africa Passage: The flag of South Africa was adopted on 27 April 1994, at the beginning of South Africa's 1994 general election, to replace the flag that had been used since 1928. The new national flag, designed by the then State Herald of South Africa Frederick Brownell, was chosen to represent the country's new democracy after the end of apartheid. Title: Switzerland Passage: Direct democracy and federalism are hallmarks of the Swiss political system. Swiss citizens are subject to three legal jurisdictions: the commune, canton and federal levels. The 1848 federal constitution defines a system of direct democracy (sometimes called half-direct or representative direct democracy because it is aided by the more commonplace institutions of a representative democracy). The instruments of this system at the federal level, known as civic rights (Volksrechte, droits civiques), include the right to submit a constitutional initiative and a referendum, both of which may overturn parliamentary decisions. Title: Ministry of Defence (Zambia) Passage: Minister Party Term start Term end Alexander Grey Zulu United National Independence Party 1970 1973 Malimba Masheke United National Independence Party 1985 1988 Benjamin Mwila Movement for Multi-Party Democracy 1991 Wamundila Muliokela Movement for Multi-Party Democracy 2005 2006 Kalombo Mwansa Movement for Multi-Party Democracy 2009 Geoffrey Bwalya Mwamba Patriotic Front 2011 2013 Edgar Lungu Patriotic Front 2013 Davies Chama Patriotic Front 2016 Title: Direct democracy Passage: Direct democracy was not what the framers of the United States Constitution envisioned for the nation. They saw a danger in tyranny of the majority. As a result, they advocated a representative democracy in the form of a constitutional republic over a direct democracy. For example, James Madison, in Federalist No. 10, advocates a constitutional republic over direct democracy precisely to protect the individual from the will of the majority. He says, Title: Namibia Passage: Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy. Multiparty democracy was introduced and has been maintained, with local, regional and national elections held regularly. Several registered political parties are active and represented in the National Assembly, although the Swapo Party has won every election since independence. The transition from the 15-year rule of President Sam Nujoma to his successor Hifikepunye Pohamba in 2005 went smoothly.	[ "Roman Republic", "Representative democracy" ]
What is considered the "Modern Period" in the country divided at the end of WWII?	from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong	[ "Chosun", "Joseon Dynasty", "Joseon" ]	Title: Soviet Union–United States relations Passage: The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922 -- 1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992. Full diplomatic relations between the two countries were established late due to mutual hostility. During World War II, the two countries were briefly allies. At the end of the war, the first signs of post-war mistrust and hostility began to appear between the two countries, escalating into the Cold War; a period of tense hostile relations, with periods of détente. Title: Muammar Gaddafi Passage: From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy. Title: Interim Peace Passage: The Interim Peace (, ) was a short period in the history of Finland during the Second World War. The term is used for the time between the Winter War and the Continuation War, lasting a little over a year, from 13 March 1940 to 24 June 1941. The Moscow Peace Treaty was signed by Finland and the Soviet Union on 12 March 1940 and it ended the 105-day Winter War. Title: Ludwig Bieringer Passage: Ludwig Bieringer (1892–1975) was a German general during World War II. A lifelong professional soldier, he served his country as a junior officer in World War I, a staff officer in the inter-war period and a brigade-level commander during World War II. Title: Jean Giraudoux Passage: Hippolyte Jean Giraudoux (; 29 October 1882 – 31 January 1944) was a French novelist, essayist, diplomat and playwright. He is considered among the most important French dramatists of the period between World War I and World War II. His work is noted for its stylistic elegance and poetic fantasy. Giraudoux's dominant theme is the relationship between man and woman—or in some cases, between man and some unattainable ideal. Title: Modern history Passage: In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century. Title: Greater Hesse Passage: Greater Hesse () was the provisional name given for a section of German territory created by the US military administration in at the end of World War II. It was formed by the Allied Control Council on 19 September 1945 and became the modern German state of Hesse on 1 December 1946. Title: State Fair of Texas Passage: The State Fair of Texas is an annual state fair held in Dallas at historic Fair Park. The fair has taken place every year since 1886 except for varying periods during World War I and World War II. It usually begins the last Friday in September and ends 24 days later. While the State Fair of Texas considers quantifying its official attendance figures ``too much of a hassle '', it is still consistently recognized as one of the most highly attended and best state fairs in America as well as Dallas's signature event. Title: Northern Seven Years' War Passage: The Seven Years' War was fought between 1755 and 1764, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763. It involved every great power of the time except the Ottoman Empire, and affected Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines. Considered a prelude to the two world wars and the greatest European war since the Thirty Years War of the 17th century, it once again split Europe into two coalitions, led by Great Britain on one side and France on the other. For the first time, aiming to curtail Britain and Prussia's ever-growing might, France formed a grand coalition of its own, which ended with failure as Britain rose as the world's predominant power, altering the European balance of power. Title: Korean War Passage: The Korean War (in South Korean Hangul: 한국전쟁, Hanja: 韓國戰爭, Hanguk Jeonjaeng, "Korean War"; in North Korean Chosungul: 조국해방전쟁, Joguk Haebang Jeonjaeng, "Fatherland Liberation War"; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953)[a] was started when North Korea invaded South Korea. The United Nations, with United States as the principal force, came to aid of South Korea. China, along with assistance from Soviet Union, came to aid of North Korea. The war arose from the division of Korea at the end of World War II and from the global tensions of the Cold War that developed immediately afterwards. Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: End of World War II in Asia Passage: The end of World War II in Asia occurred on 14 and 15 August 1945, when armed forces of the Empire of Japan surrendered to the forces of the Allies. The surrender came over three months after the surrender of the Axis forces in Europe and brought an end to World War II.	[ "Modern history", "Korean War" ]
When was the state where Star House is located taken by the British?	1842	[]	Title: Samuel Leech Passage: Samuel Leech (1798–1848) was a young sailor in the Royal Navy and the United States Navy during the War of 1812. He became notable as one of very few who wrote an account of his experiences, titled, in the manner of the time, "Thirty Years from Home, or a Voice from the Main Deck; Being the Experience of Samuel Leech, Who Was Six Years in the British and American Navies: Was Captured in the British Frigate "Macedonian": Afterwards Entered the American Navy, and Was Taken in the United States Brig "Syren", by the British Ship "Medway. Title: Soundtrack to a Generation (song) Passage: "Soundtrack to a Generation" is a song by the British synthpop group The Human League. It is taken from the album, "Romantic?", from 1990. Title: Destiny: The Taken King Passage: Destiny: The Taken King is a major expansion for Bungie's first - person shooter, Destiny. Released on September 15, 2015, as the third expansion of Destiny, it revolves around Oryx, The Taken King and his plot for revenge after players slew his son Crota in Destiny's first downloadable content (DLC) pack, The Dark Below. Players must face the ``Taken '', Oryx's army of corrupted aliens forced to fight for him. The Taken King adds content across the game, including new missions, a Player versus Environment location, Player versus Player maps, player gear, weaponry, and a new raid. Upon the expansion's release, retailers also issued Destiny: The Taken King Legendary Edition which includes Destiny (base game), The Taken King, and the previous two expansions, The Dark Below and House of Wolves. Title: Hoa Hakananai'a Passage: Hoa Hakananai'a is a "moai" (Easter Island statue) housed in the British Museum in London. It was taken from Orongo, Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in November 1868 by the crew of the British ship , and arrived in England in August 1869. Though relatively small, it is considered to be typical of the island’s statue form, but distinguished by carvings added to the back, associated with the island birdman cult. It has been described as a "masterpiece" and "without a doubt, the finest example of Easter Island sculpture". Title: Westervelt House Passage: Westervelt House is located in Tenafly, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 15, 1983. Title: Steigenberger Parkhotel Düsseldorf Passage: Steigenberger Parkhotel Düsseldorf is a 5-Star Steigenberger Hotel in Düsseldorf, Germany, located on the city's famous Königsallee and next to the Hofgarten and the opera house. Title: Saint Helena Passage: In 1815, the British government selected Saint Helena as the place of detention of Napoleon Bonaparte. He was taken to the island in October 1815. Napoleon stayed at the Briars pavilion on the grounds of the Balcombe family's home until his permanent residence, Longwood House, was completed in December 1815. Napoleon died there on 5 May 1821. Title: Star House Passage: Star House () is a commercial building facing Victoria Harbour in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The building is located on Salisbury Road and Canton Road. Title: The House Opposite (1931 film) Passage: The House Opposite is a 1931 British crime film directed by Walter Summers and starring Henry Kendall, Frank Stanmore and Celia Glyn. It was based on the novel "The House Opposite" by Joseph Jefferson Farjeon. It follows a Police Officer who pursues a gang of blackmailers. Title: Canisteo, New York Passage: Canisteo is a town in Steuben County, New York, United States. The population was 3,391 at the 2010 census. The name was taken from a former Indian village located here. Title: The Common Touch Passage: The Common Touch is a 1941 British drama film directed by John Baxter and starring Geoffrey Hibbert, Harry Welchman, Greta Gynt, and Joyce Howard. The film is a remake by the director of his 1933 film "Doss House". Title: British Hong Kong Passage: British Hong Kong was the period during which Hong Kong was under British Crown rule from 1842 to 1997 (excluding the Japanese occupation from 1941 to 1945). It was established as a Crown colony and later designated a British Dependent Territory in 1981. Hong Kong Island was ceded to the United Kingdom by the Qing dynasty of China after the First Opium War (1839 -- 1842). The Kowloon Peninsula was added to the colony after the Second Opium War (1856 -- 1860). Finally, in 1898, the New Territories were added under a 99 - year lease. Although Hong Kong Island and Kowloon were ceded to Britain in perpetuity, the New Territories -- which comprised over 90 per cent of Hong Kong's land -- had such a vital role in the economy that the British government agreed to transfer sovereignty of the entirety of Hong Kong to China upon the expiration of the lease in 1997. The transfer has been considered by many as marking the end of the British Empire.	[ "British Hong Kong", "Star House" ]
What is Elizabeth's ranking in the religion in which all naturalists working at the two English universities?	Supreme Governor	[]	Title: Common descent Passage: Universal common descent through an evolutionary process was first proposed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin in On the Origin of Species (1859), which concluded: ``There is grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one; and that, whilst this planet has gone cycling on according to the fixed law of gravity, from so simple a beginning endless forms most beautiful and most wonderful have been, and are being, evolved. '' Title: On the Origin of Species Passage: In Britain, William Paley's Natural Theology saw adaptation as evidence of beneficial "design" by the Creator acting through natural laws. All naturalists in the two English universities (Oxford and Cambridge) were Church of England clergymen, and science became a search for these laws. Geologists adapted catastrophism to show repeated worldwide annihilation and creation of new fixed species adapted to a changed environment, initially identifying the most recent catastrophe as the biblical flood. Some anatomists such as Robert Grant were influenced by Lamarck and Geoffroy, but most naturalists regarded their ideas of transmutation as a threat to divinely appointed social order. Title: Elizabeth II Passage: Since Elizabeth rarely gives interviews, little is known of her personal feelings. As a constitutional monarch, she has not expressed her own political opinions in a public forum. She does have a deep sense of religious and civic duty, and takes her coronation oath seriously. Aside from her official religious role as Supreme Governor of the established Church of England, she is personally a member of that church and the national Church of Scotland. She has demonstrated support for inter-faith relations and has met with leaders of other churches and religions, including five popes: Pius XII, John XXIII, John Paul II, Benedict XVI and Francis. A personal note about her faith often features in her annual Christmas message broadcast to the Commonwealth. In 2000, she spoke about the theological significance of the millennium marking the 2000th anniversary of the birth of Jesus:	[ "On the Origin of Species", "Elizabeth II" ]
Which city is in the same county as Oskaloosa?	Waurika	[ "Waurika, Oklahoma" ]	Title: Waurika, Oklahoma Passage: Waurika is the county seat of Jefferson County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 2,064 at the 2010 census, a 4.36 percent decrease from 2,158 at the 2000 census. Title: Oskaloosa, Kansas Passage: Oskaloosa is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 1,113. Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.	[ "Oskaloosa, Kansas", "Waurika, Oklahoma" ]
Where is the continental limit of the continent encompassing Kusunoki Point?	60th parallel south	[]	Title: Jade Point Passage: Jade Point () is a gently sloping rocky point forming the southern limit of Eyrie Bay and the east extremity of Yatrus Promontory, Trinity Peninsula in Antarctica. It was named descriptively by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, as the lower slopes of the point are permanently sheathed in greenish-tinged ice, jade being a name for some types of green stone. Title: Antarctica Passage: Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families by the Argentine government to determine if the continent was suitable for family life. In 1984, Juan Pablo Camacho was born at the Frei Montalva Station, becoming the first Chilean born in Antarctica. Several bases are now home to families with children attending schools at the station. As of 2009, eleven children were born in Antarctica (south of the 60th parallel south): eight at the Argentine Esperanza Base and three at the Chilean Frei Montalva Station. Title: Kusunoki Point Passage: Kusunoki Point () is a point on the west coast and near the north end of Renaud Island, in the Biscoe Islands, Antarctica. It was mapped from air photos by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd, 1956–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Kou Kusunoki, a Japanese sea ice specialist at Hokkaido University, and from 1966 with the National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo.	[ "Antarctica", "Kusunoki Point" ]
Who was the last person executed in the country whose stringed argent is what the lion is to the nation that the person who funded Chopin's funeral invited him to?	Michael Manning	[]	Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's life was covered in a BBC TV documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In late summer he was invited by Jane Stirling to visit Scotland, where he stayed at Calder House near Edinburgh and at Johnstone Castle in Renfrewshire, both owned by members of Stirling's family. She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so. He wrote at this time to Grzymała "My Scottish ladies are kind, but such bores", and responding to a rumour about his involvement, answered that he was "closer to the grave than the nuptial bed." He gave a public concert in Glasgow on 27 September, and another in Edinburgh, at the Hopetoun Rooms on Queen Street (now Erskine House) on 4 October. In late October 1848, while staying at 10 Warriston Crescent in Edinburgh with the Polish physician Adam Łyszczyński, he wrote out his last will and testament—"a kind of disposition to be made of my stuff in the future, if I should drop dead somewhere", he wrote to Grzymała. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map." The series of seven polonaises published in his lifetime (another nine were published posthumously), beginning with the Op. 26 pair (published 1836), set a new standard for music in the form. His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her "third child". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a "child," a "little angel", a "sufferer" and a "beloved little corpse." In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made "a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship." The two would never meet again. Title: Michael Manning (murderer) Passage: Michael Manning was an Irish murderer who became the twenty - ninth and last person to be executed in the Republic of Ireland. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin "felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's heart in an urn, preserved in alcohol, back to Poland in 1850.[n 9] She also took a collection of two hundred letters from Sand to Chopin; after 1851 these were returned to Sand, who seems to have destroyed them. Title: Monarchy of the United Kingdom Passage: The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom are "Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or [for England]; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules [for Scotland]; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent [for Ireland]". The supporters are the Lion and the Unicorn; the motto is "Dieu et mon droit" (French: "God and my Right"). Surrounding the shield is a representation of a Garter bearing the motto of the Chivalric order of the same name; "Honi soit qui mal y pense". (Old French: "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it"). In Scotland, the monarch uses an alternative form of the arms in which quarters I and IV represent Scotland, II England, and III Ireland. The mottoes are "In Defens" (an abbreviated form of the Scots "In My Defens God Me Defend") and the motto of the Order of the Thistle; "Nemo me impune lacessit". (Latin: "No-one provokes me with impunity"); the supporters are the unicorn and lion, who support both the escutcheon and lances, from which fly the flags of Scotland and England. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there. His fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory, Julian Fontana, had originally tried unsuccessfully to establish himself in England; Albert Grzymała, who in Paris became a wealthy financier and society figure, often acted as Chopin's adviser and "gradually began to fill the role of elder brother in [his] life." Fontana was to become, in the words of Michałowski and Samson, Chopin's "general factotum and copyist". Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos.	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Monarchy of the United Kingdom", "Michael Manning (murderer)" ]
When did the 1988 world series opposition to the Dodgers build their spring training home?	1976	[]	Title: William S. Simmons Plantation Passage: The William S. Simmons Plantation, also known as the Wesley House, is a Greek Revival brick home located in Cave Spring, Georgia, United States, North America. The home was built in the 1840s, prior to the American Civil War, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Title: Jackie Robinson Passage: Jackie Robinson Robinson with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1954 Second baseman Born: (1919 - 01 - 31) January 31, 1919 Cairo, Georgia Died: October 24, 1972 (1972 - 10 - 24) (aged 53) Stamford, Connecticut Batted: Right Threw: Right MLB debut April 15, 1947, for the Brooklyn Dodgers Last MLB appearance October 10, 1956, for the Brooklyn Dodgers MLB statistics Batting average. 311 Home runs 137 Runs batted in 734 Teams Brooklyn Dodgers (1947 -- 1956) Career highlights and awards 6 × All - Star (1949 -- 1954) World Series champion (1955) NL MVP (1949) MLB Rookie of the Year (1947) NL batting champion (1949) 2 × NL stolen base leader (1947, 1949) Jersey number 42 retired by all MLB teams Major League Baseball All - Century Team Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame Induction 1962 Vote 77.5% (first ballot) Title: 2017 World Series Passage: Chris Taylor hit a home run for the Dodgers on Keuchel's first pitch of the game. It was the third home run to leadoff a game in Dodgers postseason history (following Davey Lopes in 1978 World Series and Carl Crawford in 2013 NLDS). Alex Bregman hit a tying solo home run for the Astros in the fourth inning. In the sixth inning, Justin Turner hit a go - ahead two - run home run for the Dodgers. Turner tied Duke Snider for most career runs batted in (RBIs) in Dodgers postseason history with 26. Kershaw struck out 11 in seven innings pitched with no walks and only three hits allowed while Keuchel allowed three runs on six hits in 6 ⁄ innings. Brandon Morrow pitched a scoreless eighth and Kenley Jansen earned the save. The two - hour, 28 - minute game was the shortest World Series contest since Game 4 in 1992. Title: New York Yankees Passage: The Yankees have won a record 27 World Series in 40 appearances (which, since the first World Series in 1903, currently amounts to an average appearance every 2.7 seasons and a championship every 4.0 seasons); the St. Louis Cardinals are second with 11 World Series victories. The Yankees' number of World Series losses, 13, leads Major League Baseball. The St. Louis Cardinals, Brooklyn / Los Angeles Dodgers and New York / San Francisco Giants are second in total World Series appearances with eighteen apiece. Of their 18 World Series appearances, the Dodgers have faced the Yankees eleven times, going 3 -- 8, while the Giants have faced the Yankees seven times, going 2 -- 5. Among North American major sports, the Yankees' success is approached only by the 24 Stanley Cup championships of the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League. The Yankees have played in the World Series against every National League pennant winner except the Houston Astros and the Colorado Rockies. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The former location in Mesa is actually the second HoHoKam Park; the first was built in 1976 as the spring-training home of the Oakland Athletics who left the park in 1979. Apart from HoHoKam Park and Sloan Park the Cubs also have another Mesa training facility called Fitch Park, this complex provides 25,000 square feet (2,300 m2) of team facilities, including major league clubhouse, four practice fields, one practice infield, enclosed batting tunnels, batting cages, a maintenance facility, and administrative offices for the Cubs. Title: Los Angeles Dodgers Passage: In Brooklyn, the Dodgers won the NL pennant several times (1890, 1899, 1900, 1916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956) and the World Series in 1955. After moving to Los Angeles, the team won National League pennants in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1988, and 2017, with World Series championships in 1959, 1963, 1965, 1981, 1988. In all, the Dodgers have appeared in 19 World Series: 9 in Brooklyn and 10 in Los Angeles. Title: 1988 World Series Passage: Team (Wins) Manager (s) Season Los Angeles Dodgers (4) Tommy Lasorda 94 -- 67,. 584, GA: 7 Oakland Athletics (1) Tony La Russa 104 -- 58,. 642, GA: 13 Title: 2017 Major League Baseball season Passage: The 2017 Major League Baseball season began on April 2, 2017 with three games, including the 2016 World Series champions Chicago Cubs facing off against the St. Louis Cardinals, and ended on October 1. The postseason began on October 3. The 2017 World Series began October 24 and Game 7 was played on November 1, in which the Houston Astros defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers, 5 - 1, to capture their first World Series championship in franchise history. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News. Title: EMC AB6 Passage: The EMC AB6 was a type of diesel locomotive built exclusively for the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (the "Rock Island Line") by General Motors' Electro-Motive Corporation and delivered in June 1940. Two examples were built, numbered #750 and #751. They were built for the "Rocky Mountain Rocket" passenger train, which travelled as a unified train from Chicago, Illinois, to Limon, Colorado, which then divided. One section went to Colorado Springs, Colorado, and the other to Denver, Colorado. The Rock Island desired a locomotive that could look like an integrated part of the train during the Chicago-Limon portion of the route, and could then be operated independently to take three cars to Colorado Springs. A regular, cab-equipped A-unit could have been purchased, but that would have ruined the streamlined look of the train, so the RI had EMC build a flat-fronted locomotive based on an E-series E6B (B unit) but with an operating cab, headlight, pilot, and other features to enable it to operate as an independent locomotive. Title: Dodgers–Yankees rivalry Passage: 1941 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 1 1947 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 3 1949 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 1 1952 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 3 1953 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 1 1955 World Series: Dodgers defeat Yankees, 4 -- 3 1956 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 3 1963 World Series: Dodgers defeat Yankees, 4 -- 0 1977 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 2 1978 World Series: Yankees defeat Dodgers, 4 -- 2 1981 World Series: Dodgers defeat Yankees, 4 -- 2 Title: 2017 World Series Passage: The game went into extra innings. José Altuve and Correa hit home runs off Josh Fields in the tenth inning to put the Astros in the lead. In the bottom of the inning, Yasiel Puig hit a home run off of Ken Giles and Enrique Hernández drove in Logan Forsythe to tie the game, with the latter being the Dodgers' first run that was not driven in by a home run. In the next inning, George Springer hit a two - run home run for the Astros off of Brandon McCarthy to retake the lead. In the bottom of the 11th inning, Charlie Culberson homered off of Chris Devenski, who later struck out Puig to end the game. This was the first ever World Series game in which a team hit home runs in the ninth, tenth and eleventh inning. The teams set a new record for combined home runs in a single World Series game with eight and this was the first time in MLB history, regular season or postseason, that five home runs were hit in extra innings. The Astros won their first World Series game in franchise history as they had been swept in their previous appearance in 2005.	[ "1988 World Series", "Chicago Cubs" ]
Who was in charge of the birthplace of The Birds and the Bees' performer?	Annise Parker	[]	Title: The Birds and the Bees (Jewel Akens song) Passage: "The Birds and the Bees" was a 1964 single release by Jewel Akens with a lyric based on the "birds and the bees" idiom commonly referenced with regard to affording young people their introductory sex education. An international hit in 1965, "The Birds and the Bees" was reminiscent of such 1950s' honky tonk-style hits as "Blueberry Hill" by Fats Domino and "Kansas City" by Wilbert Harrison. Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: Jewel Akens Passage: Jewel Eugene Akens (September 12, 1933, Houston, Texas – March 1, 2013, Inglewood, California) was an American singer and record producer.	[ "Houston", "Jewel Akens", "The Birds and the Bees (Jewel Akens song)" ]
What county contains the Illinois city that shares a name with the work location of Stephen Harper?	LaSalle County	[ "LaSalle County, Illinois" ]	Title: Shire of Kerang Passage: The Shire of Kerang was a local government area located in northwestern Victoria, Australia, along the Murray River. The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1862 until 1995. From 1966 onwards, Kerang itself was managed by a separate entity; the Borough of Kerang. Title: Henry Albert Harper Passage: In Ottawa, Harper shared an apartment with Mackenzie King, who was then leading the effort to establish the new Department of Labour under the government of Wilfrid Laurier. In 1900 Harper resigned from the Herald, to work for Mackenzie King as the assistant editor of the "Labour Gazette", the Department's main publication. Title: Ottawa, Illinois Passage: Ottawa is a city located at the confluence of the navigable Illinois River and Fox River in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. The Illinois River is a conduit for river barges and connects Lake Michigan at Chicago, to the Mississippi River, and North America's 25,000 mile river system. The population estimate was 18,562 as of 2013. It is the county seat of LaSalle County and it is part of the Ottawa-Peru, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area.	[ "Ottawa, Illinois", "Henry Albert Harper" ]
What is the name of the government structure created for the place where the National Physical Laboratory in India is located that is comprised of ten representatives?	New Delhi Municipal Council	[]	Title: Fiodar Fiodaraŭ Passage: He took an active part in the organization of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Belarus Science Academy, and was the leader of one of the four major laboratories there (the laboratory of theoretical physics) until 1987. Title: All India Services Passage: The All India Services (AIS) comprises Civil Services of India, namely the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), the Indian Forest Service (IFS) and the Indian Police Service (IPS). A common unique feature of the All India Services is that the members of these services are recruited by the Centre (Union government in federal polity), but their services are placed under various State cadres, and they have the liability to serve both under the State and under the Centre. Due to the federal polity of the country, this is considered one of the tools that makes union government stronger than state governments. Officers of these three services comply to the All India Services Rules relating to pay, conduct, leave, various allowances etc. Title: National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources Passage: The National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), located at New Delhi, India, is an information science institute in India founded in 2002. It operates under the umbrella of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) that comprise 38 other labs and institutes in India. Title: National Physical Laboratory of India Passage: The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures. Title: Journal of Applied Physics Passage: The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068. Title: Reserve Bank of India Passage: The RBI plays an important part in the Development Strategy of the Government of India. It is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union. The general superintendence and direction of the RBI is entrusted with the 21 - member central board of directors: the governor; four deputy governors; two finance ministry representatives (usually the Economic Affairs Secretary and the Financial Services Secretary); ten government - nominated directors to represent important elements of India's economy; and four directors to represent local boards headquartered at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and the capital New Delhi. Each of these local boards consists of five members who represent regional interests, the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks. Title: New Delhi Passage: The national capital of India, New Delhi is jointly administered by both the Central Government of India and the local Government of Delhi, it is also the capital of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi. Title: New Delhi Passage: As of 2015, the government structure of the New Delhi Municipal Council includes a chairperson, three members of New Delhi's Legislative Assembly, two members nominated by the Chief Minister of the NCT of Delhi and five members nominated by the central government. Title: Alenush Terian Passage: Teriān graduated in 1947 in the Science Department of University of Tehran. She began her career in the physics laboratory of this university and was elected the chief of laboratory operations in the same year. Title: Kimballton, Virginia Passage: Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton. Title: Government of India Passage: The Government of India (ISO: Bhārat Sarkār), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India. Title: Marcela Carena Passage: Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society.	[ "National Physical Laboratory of India", "New Delhi" ]
Where is the coach from the owner of The Venue at UCF going?	University of Nebraska	[]	Title: Scott Frost Passage: Scott Andrew Frost (born January 4, 1975) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the head coach at the University of Nebraska. He was previously the head coach at the University of Central Florida. He played six years in the National Football League (NFL) with the New York Jets, Cleveland Browns, Green Bay Packers, and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Frost was the starting quarterback for Tom Osborne's 1997 Nebraska team that shared the national championship with Michigan. Title: The Venue at UCF Passage: The Venue at UCF is a sports and entertainment arena located in Orlando, Florida on the main campus of The University of Central Florida. The arena which was opened in 1991, housed the Knights men's and women's basketball teams from 1991 to 2007, and has served as home to UCF's volleyball team since 1991. The Venue also serves as a practice facility for the university's basketball teams, and houses administrative offices for the same. Title: Allen Field Passage: John "Sonny" Allen Field is a baseball venue in Morehead, Kentucky, United States. It is home to the Morehead State Eagles baseball team of the NCAA Division I Ohio Valley Conference. It is named for former Morehead State baseball coach John "Sonny" Allen. Opened in 1973, the venue has a capacity of 1,200 spectators.	[ "Scott Frost", "The Venue at UCF" ]
Who is the child of the musician who wrote the lyrics to The Sound of Silence?	Harper Simon	[]	Title: A Quiet Place (film) Passage: A Quiet Place is a 2018 American horror film directed by John Krasinski, who stars alongside Emily Blunt, his wife. The plot follows a family who must live life in silence while hiding from creatures which hunt exclusively by sound. The film is produced by Michael Bay's company, Platinum Dunes, which is also owned by Andrew Form and Bradley Fuller. The screenplay was written by Krasinski, Bryan Woods, and Scott Beck, based on a story by Woods and Beck. Beck and Woods began working on the story in 2013, and Paramount Pictures bought their spec script in 2017. Krasinski then joined as a director and wrote a new draft of the script. Principal photography took place later in the year in upstate New York. Title: The Sound of Silence Passage: ``The Sound of Silence '', originally`` The Sounds of Silence'', is a song by the American music duo Simon & Garfunkel. The song was written by Paul Simon over a period of several months in 1963 and 1964. A studio audition led to the duo signing a record deal with Columbia Records, and the song was recorded in March 1964 at Columbia Studios in New York City for inclusion on their debut album, Wednesday Morning, 3 A.M.. Title: Menlo Park (band) Passage: It featured Harper Simon, Paul Simon's son. Also, its drummer was Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear. Title: TV Dinners (album) Passage: TV Dinners is Mikey McCleary's debut album of English songs. It consists of tracks that Mikey composed and wrote for major TV advertising brands like Vodafone, Levi's, Audi, Titan and Lakmé. He has extended these 45 second jingles into full songs by adding new composition and lyrics so that instead of sounding like jingles, they sound like tracks from various artists that were placed in TV ad films. Featuring Mikey's vocals on half the album, it also features the singers Anushka Manchanda, Shalmali Kholgade, Monica Dogra and Mauli Dave. Title: Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song) Passage: ``Gettin 'You Home (The Black Dress Song) ''is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album The Man I Want to Be (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single. Title: Taps Passage: ``Taps ''is a bugle call - a signal, not a song. As such, there is no associated lyric. Many bugle calls had words associated with them as a mnemonic device but these are not lyrics. A Horace Lorenzo Trim wrote a set of words intended to accompany the music: Title: Georgia on My Mind Passage: The song was written in 1930 by Hoagy Carmichael (music) and Stuart Gorrell (lyrics). Although it is frequently asserted that the lyrics were written not about the state of Georgia but rather for Carmichael's sister, Georgia Carmichael, Carmichael contradicted this view in his second autobiography, Sometimes I Wonder. He wrote that the song was composed when bandleader Frankie Trumbauer suggested that he write about the state of Georgia. According to Carmichael, Trumbauer also suggested the opening lyrics should be ``Georgia, Georgia... '', with the remaining lyrics coming from Gorrell. Carmichael made no mention of his sister. Title: Ahmad Meshari Al-Adwani Passage: Ahmad Meshari al-Adwani (1923 in Kuwait — 17 June 1990) was a poet and teacher who wrote the lyrics of the national anthem of Kuwait, "Al-Nasheed Al-Watani". Title: KOAN Sound Passage: KOAN Sound is an electronic music production duo from Bristol, United Kingdom. The duo consists of Will Weeks and Jim Bastow. The name is taken from the word kōan. A track from the "Max Out EP" is titled "One Hand Clap" – a reference to a well-known kōan with the implied answer of silence, an element used in their music to draw extreme contrast. Title: Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song) Passage: "Gettin' You Home (The Black Dress Song)" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Chris Young. It was released in February 2009 as the second single from his 2009 album "The Man I Want to Be" (2009). Young wrote the song with Kent Blazy and Cory Batten. The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised the suggestive lyrics for sounding sexy and for being a great non-sellout single. Title: List of Family Guy cast members Passage: Seth Green primarily plays Chris Griffin and Neil Goldman. Green stated that he did an impression of the ``Buffalo Bill ''character from the thriller film The Silence of the Lambs during his audition. His main inspiration for Chris' voice came from envisioning how`` Buffalo Bill'' would sound if he were speaking through a public address system at a McDonald's. Title: Ohio Is for Lovers Passage: "Ohio Is for Lovers" (also known as simply "Ohio") is a song by American rock band Hawthorne Heights. It was released as the debut single in 2004 from their debut full-length studio album, "The Silence in Black and White". It was produced by Jay Orpin. According to lead vocalist JT Woodruff, the song is about going on tour whilst leaving their girlfriends behind in Ohio. The song is frequently considered the band's signature song and has been jokingly referred to as "The Emo Anthem" for its lyrical content. It peaked at #34 on the "Billboard" Alternative Songs Chart. When the music video for the song began getting airplay on MTV, it gave the band widespread popularity, resulting in "The Silence in Black and White" being certified gold in the United States.	[ "The Sound of Silence", "Menlo Park (band)" ]
The first pope to visit five continents visited how many continents in total?	six	[]	Title: Pope Paul VI Passage: Paul VI did renounce many traditional symbols of the papacy and the Catholic Church; some of his changes to the papal dress were reversed by Pope Benedict XVI in the early 21st century. Refusing a Vatican army of colourful military uniforms from centuries, he got rid of them. He became the first pope to visit five continents. Paul VI systematically continued and completed the efforts of his predecessors, to turn the Euro-centric Church into a Church of the world, by integrating the bishops from all continents in its government and in the Synods which he convened. His 6 August 1967 motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane opened the Roman Curia to the bishops of the world. Until then, only Cardinals could be leading members of the Curia. Title: Pope Paul VI Passage: Pope Paul VI became the first pope to visit six continents, and was the most travelled pope in history to that time, earning the nickname "the Pilgrim Pope". With his travels he opened new avenues for the papacy, which were continued by his successors John Paul II and Benedict XVI. He travelled to the Holy Land in 1964, to the Eucharistic Congresses in Bombay, India and Bogotá, Colombia. In 1966, however, he was twice denied permission to visit Poland for the 1,000th anniversary of the baptism of Poland. In 1967, however, fifty years after the first apparition, he visited Fátima in Portugal. He undertook a pastoral visit to Africa in 1969. On 27 November 1970 he was the target of an assassination attempt at Manila International Airport in the Philippines. He was only lightly stabbed by the would-be assassin Benjamín Mendoza y Amor Flores, who was subdued by the pope's personal bodyguard and trip organizer, Msgr. Paul Marcinkus. Title: The Amazing Race 1 Passage: The Amazing Race 1 The Amazing Race logo Season Run September 5 -- December 13, 2001 Filming dates March 8 -- April 8, 2001 No. of Episodes 13 Presenter Phil Keoghan Winning team Rob Frisbee & Brennan Swain All - Stars Joe Baldassare & Bill Bartek, Kevin O'Connor & Drew Feinberg Season Stats Continents visited Countries visited 9 Cities visited 24 No. of legs 13 Distance traveled 35,000 mi (56,000 km) Season chronology ← Previous N / A Next → Season 2	[ "Pope Paul VI" ]
Who are the democratic candidates for governor in the state where the Loomis-Parry Residence is located?	Laura Kelly	[]	Title: African-American candidates for President of the United States Passage: In 1972, Shirley Chisholm was the first African - American major party candidate for president. She was a candidate for the Democratic Party nomination and participated in the Democratic primaries in numerous states. She campaigned in 12 states and won 28 delegates. In the actual balloting at the 1972 Democratic National Convention, she gained additional votes from disaffected Democrats and ended with 152 delegates. Title: William B. Golden Passage: William Brownell Golden (born October 9, 1948 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American attorney and politician who represented the Norfolk and Plymouth district in the Massachusetts Senate from 1985–1991. He was a candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1990, but lost in the Democratic primary to Marjorie Clapprood. Title: 1992 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1992. Democratic Governor Bill Clinton of Arkansas defeated incumbent Republican President George H.W. Bush, independent businessman Ross Perot of Texas, and a number of minor candidates. Title: Denise Ilitch Passage: Denise Ilitch (born November 1955) is a Detroit-area businessperson, lawyer, and member of the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan. Ilitch was rumored to be a Democratic Party candidate for Governor of Michigan in 2010, after having met with the White House in early January to discuss a potential run, though she later declined to run. Title: 2000 United States presidential election Passage: The United States presidential election of 2000 was the 54th quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 7, 2000. Republican candidate George W. Bush, the Governor of Texas and the eldest son of the 41st President George H.W. Bush, won the election by defeating Democratic nominee Al Gore, the incumbent vice president. It was the fourth of five presidential elections in which the winning candidate lost the popular vote. Title: 1796 United States presidential election Passage: With incumbent President George Washington having refused a third term in office, incumbent Vice President John Adams from Massachusetts became a candidate for the presidency on the Federalist Party ticket with former Governor Thomas Pinckney of South Carolina as the next most popular Federalist. Their opponents were former Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson from Virginia along with Senator Aaron Burr of New York of the Democratic - Republicans. At this point, each man from any party ran alone, as the formal position of ``running mate ''had not yet been established. Title: Loomis–Parry Residence Passage: The Loomis–Parry Residence is a mixed-style residential house, constructed in 1917, in Augusta, Kansas. It is a 2-story structure, with an irregular floor plan, that retains nearly all of its original materials, including exterior brick walls and double-hung wooden windows. It has been continuously owned by the same family who originally constructed it. A widow named Henrietta Loomis commissioned the house as a residence for herself and her daughter. Her husband's family, who had been farmers, owned land in Butler County where oil was discovered in the early 1900s. The oil revenue financed the construction. The Loomis–Parry Residence was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009. Title: Ron Sparks (politician) Passage: Ronald D. Sparks (born October 29, 1952) is an American politician from the state of Alabama. He is the former Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries. Sparks is a member of the Democratic party, and was the Democratic candidate for Governor of Alabama in the state's 2010 gubernatorial election. Title: Leticia Sosa Passage: In 2006 she was elected to serve in the Senate of Mexico for a six-year term. She left the Senate to run for Governor of the state of Colima. In 2009 She was designated the PAN candidate for the 2009 Colima state election. Sosa was defeated by the PRI candidate. Title: Running mate Passage: The practice of a presidential candidate having a running mate was solidified during the American Civil War. In 1864, in the interest of fostering national unity, Abraham Lincoln from the Republican Party (popular in the North) and Andrew Johnson of the Democratic Party (popular in the South), were co-endorsed and run together for President and Vice-President as candidates of the National Union Party. Notwithstanding this party disbanded after the war ended, with the result that Republican Lincoln was succeeded by Democrat Johnson; the states began to place candidates for President and Vice-President together on the same ballot ticket - thus making it impossible to vote for a presidential candidate from one party and a vice-presidential candidate from another party, as had previously been possible. Title: 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election Passage: The 2018 Georgia gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the next Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia. Incumbent Republican Governor Nathan Deal is term - limited and thus can not seek reelection to a third consecutive term. The primary elections were held on May 22, 2018 and a primary runoff will be held on July 24, 2018 between Republican candidates Casey Cagle and Brian Kemp. The Democrats have nominated Stacey Abrams. Title: 2018 Kansas gubernatorial election Passage: On August 7, 2018, Kobach appeared headed for victory over incumbent Governor Jeff Colyer in the Republican gubernatorial primary by an initial margin of 191 votes. By August 9, 2018, his lead stood at 121 votes, but discrepancies in some counties needed resolution, and provisional and absentee ballots may not have been counted in some counties. Democratic Senator Laura Kelly easily won the Democratic nomination. Independent Greg Orman, who finished second in the 2014 U.S. Senate race against incumbent Republican Pat Roberts, is running for governor, again as an independent candidate.	[ "Loomis–Parry Residence", "2018 Kansas gubernatorial election" ]
What race was the majority of the population of the country Pulau Busing is located?	Chinese	[]	Title: Pulau Busing Passage: Pulau Busing is an island located off the southwestern coast of Singapore, north of Pulau Hantu and west of Pulau Bukom. The island is occupied by Tankstore Ltd, a petroleum storage company. The land area of 4.4 hectares before reclamation has seen major land reclamation to its southern shores. Heavily industrialised, the island is home to oil and chemical storage facilities, at least one marine offshore terminal, and a fuel oil refinery. Together with Jurong Island and neighouring offshore islands, the island is part of the integrated storage and trading hub that was developed by Jurong Town Corporation. Pulau Busing is an important feeding and roosting ground for migratory shore birds. It appears as Po Busing in Franklin & Jackson's 1828 Plan of Singapore. 'Pulau' is Malay for island or an isolated piece of rising ground in a sea, and 'busing' comes perhaps from the Malay terms 'busung pasir' or 'busong pasir', which means a mound of sand or a dune, and pusing which means a turning point. Pulau Busing is next to the shipping channel and had a natural deep waterfront harbour of deeper than 16 metres. Before reclamation, Pulau Busing had a land area of 4.4 hectares. Up to the 1980s, it was still fringed by coral reefs on its northern and southern shores. Title: Southern California Passage: Within southern California are two major cities, Los Angeles and San Diego, as well as three of the country's largest metropolitan areas. With a population of 3,792,621, Los Angeles is the most populous city in California and the second most populous in the United States. To the south and with a population of 1,307,402 is San Diego, the second most populous city in the state and the eighth most populous in the nation. Title: Prized Passage: Prized was bred in Florida by Meadowbrook Farm who raced him in partnership with Clover Racing Stable. He was by the very successful sire Kris S., a son of Epsom Derby winner Roberto, and out of the mare My Turbulent Miss. Title: Internet in the Philippines Passage: Internet in the Philippines first became available on March 29, 1994, with the Philippine Network Foundation (PHNet) connecting the country and its people to Sprint in the United States via a 64 kbit / s link. As of 2016, more than 44,000,000 people used the internet in the country, accounting for 43.5% of the total population. Title: North America Passage: The most populous country in North America is the United States with 318.4 million persons. The second largest country is Mexico with a population of 112,322,757. Canada is the third most populous country with 32,623,490. The majority of Caribbean island - nations have national populations under a million, though Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico (a territory of the United States), Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago each have populations higher than a million. Greenland has a small population of 55,984 for its massive size (2,166,000 km2 or 836,300 mi2), and therefore, it has the world's lowest population density at 0.026 pop. / km2 (0.067 pop. / mi2). Title: South Nias Regency Passage: Nias Selatan (South Nias) Regency is a regency in North Sumatra province, Indonesia. In 2010, the regency covered an area of 1,825.5 square kilometres and according to the 2010 census had a population of 289,708; the latest official estimate (as at January 2014) was 301,886. Its administrative centre is the port of Teluk Dalam. Apart from the southern portion of Nias Island, the regency also includes the smaller Batu Islands (Pulau-pulau Batu) to the south, lying between Nias and Siberut. Title: Bundamba Racecourse station Passage: The Bundamba Racecourse station is located in Queensland, Australia, on the Redbank - Bundamba Loop line which now ends at Swanbank. The Racecourse platform is opposite from the entrance to Bundamba Racecourse and located a short distance from Bundamba railway station but too far from the Racecourse for any attending race goers. The Racecourse is provided with more facilities than the usual provincial meeting and, on Bundamba race days, metropolitan races in Brisbane are not run. To provide services for the Brisbane racegoer, public transport operates to Bundamba and takes the form of trains, buses and taxis. Title: Islam by country Passage: The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor. Title: British Empire Passage: Following the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, anti-Japanese resistance movements in Malaya turned their attention towards the British, who had moved to quickly retake control of the colony, valuing it as a source of rubber and tin. The fact that the guerrillas were primarily Malayan-Chinese Communists meant that the British attempt to quell the uprising was supported by the Muslim Malay majority, on the understanding that once the insurgency had been quelled, independence would be granted. The Malayan Emergency, as it was called, began in 1948 and lasted until 1960, but by 1957, Britain felt confident enough to grant independence to the Federation of Malaya within the Commonwealth. In 1963, the 11 states of the federation together with Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo joined to form Malaysia, but in 1965 Chinese-majority Singapore was expelled from the union following tensions between the Malay and Chinese populations. Brunei, which had been a British protectorate since 1888, declined to join the union and maintained its status until independence in 1984. Title: Montgomery bus boycott Passage: Pressure increased across the country. The related civil suit was heard in federal district court and, on June 4, 1956, the court ruled in Browder v. Gayle (1956) that Alabama's racial segregation laws for buses were unconstitutional. As the state appealed the decision, the boycott continued. The case moved on to the United States Supreme Court. On November 13, 1956, the Supreme Court upheld the district court's ruling, ruling that segregation on public buses and transportation was against the law. Title: 2009 Giro di Lombardia Passage: The 2009 Giro di Lombardia was the 103rd edition of this single day road bicycle racing monument race, colloquially known as the "Race of the Falling Leaves". The event was run on 17 October 2009. It was the final event of the 2009 UCI World Ranking and the final major event of the 2009 road racing season. For the third consecutive year, the race was 242 kilometres long and depart from Varese to its finish in Como. Title: Vietnamese Americans Passage: In 2016 the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the total population of Vietnamese American was 2,067,527 (92.9% reporting one race, 6.5% reporting two races, 0.5% reporting three races, and 0.1% reporting four or more races). California and Texas had the highest concentrations of Vietnamese Americans: 40 and 12 percent, respectively. Other states with concentrations of Vietnamese Americans were Washington, Florida (four percent each) and Virginia (three percent). The largest number of Vietnamese outside Vietnam is in Orange County, California (184,153, or 6.1 percent of the county's population), followed by Los Angeles and Santa Clara counties; the three counties accounted for 26 percent of the Vietnamese immigrant population in the United States. Many Vietnamese American businesses exist in the Little Saigon of Westminster and Garden Grove, where Vietnamese Americans make up 40.2 and 27.7 percent of the population respectively. About 41 percent of the Vietnamese immigrant population lives in five major metropolitan areas: in descending order, Los Angeles, San Jose, Houston, San Francisco and Dallas - Fort Worth. The Vietnamese immigration pattern has shifted to other states, including Denver, Boston, Chicago, Oklahoma (Oklahoma City and Tulsa in particular) and Oregon (Portland in particular).	[ "Pulau Busing", "British Empire" ]
What was the response of the man who coined the term "abominable mystery" to the claims that certain animals could not have evolved through natural selection?	Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature.	[]	Title: Red Passage: "So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. "And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: "And upon her forehead was a name written a mystery: Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and of all the abominations of the earth: And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus. Title: Of Mice and Men in popular culture Passage: Theatrical cartoon shorts of the 1940s and 1950s, particularly the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons released by Warner Bros., are awash with Of Mice and Men parodies. The reference most often appears in the form of one character asking another, à la Lennie, ``Which way did he go, George; which way did he go? '', such as the episodes Hiawatha's Rabbit Hunt or Falling Hare. The other popular reference draws on Lennie's love of soft furry animals and his underestimation of his strength. In The Abominable Snow Rabbit (1961), the abominable snowman grabs Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck saying,`` I will name him George, and I will hug him, and pet him, and squeeze him'' with Mel Blanc doing an unmistakable imitation of Lon Chaney, Jr.'s Lennie. This material was re-used in Spaced Out Bunny (1980), the last Warner Bros. cartoon in which Bugs Bunny was voiced by Mel Blanc. Title: Natural selection Passage: Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations. Charles Darwin popularised the term ``natural selection '', contrasting it with artificial selection, which is intentional, whereas natural selection is not. Title: On the Origin of Species Passage: In the sixth edition Darwin inserted a new chapter VII (renumbering the subsequent chapters) to respond to criticisms of earlier editions, including the objection that many features of organisms were not adaptive and could not have been produced by natural selection. He said some such features could have been by-products of adaptive changes to other features, and that often features seemed non-adaptive because their function was unknown, as shown by his book on Fertilisation of Orchids that explained how their elaborate structures facilitated pollination by insects. Much of the chapter responds to George Jackson Mivart's criticisms, including his claim that features such as baleen filters in whales, flatfish with both eyes on one side and the camouflage of stick insects could not have evolved through natural selection because intermediate stages would not have been adaptive. Darwin proposed scenarios for the incremental evolution of each feature. Title: Flowering plant Passage: Island genetics provides one proposed explanation for the sudden, fully developed appearance of flowering plants. Island genetics is believed to be a common source of speciation in general, especially when it comes to radical adaptations that seem to have required inferior transitional forms. Flowering plants may have evolved in an isolated setting like an island or island chain, where the plants bearing them were able to develop a highly specialized relationship with some specific animal (a wasp, for example). Such a relationship, with a hypothetical wasp carrying pollen from one plant to another much the way fig wasps do today, could result in the development of a high degree of specialization in both the plant(s) and their partners. Note that the wasp example is not incidental; bees, which, it is postulated, evolved specifically due to mutualistic plant relationships, are descended from wasps. Title: Flowering plant Passage: The evolution of seed plants and later angiosperms appears to be the result of two distinct rounds of whole genome duplication events. These occurred at 319 million years ago and 192 million years ago. Another possible whole genome duplication event at 160 million years ago perhaps created the ancestral line that led to all modern flowering plants. That event was studied by sequencing the genome of an ancient flowering plant, Amborella trichopoda, and directly addresses Darwin's "abominable mystery." Title: United States dollar Passage: In February 2007, the U.S. Mint, under the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, introduced a new $1 U.S. Presidential dollar coin. Based on the success of the "50 State Quarters" series, the new coin features a sequence of presidents in order of their inaugurations, starting with George Washington, on the obverse side. The reverse side features the Statue of Liberty. To allow for larger, more detailed portraits, the traditional inscriptions of "E Pluribus Unum", "In God We Trust", the year of minting or issuance, and the mint mark will be inscribed on the edge of the coin instead of the face. This feature, similar to the edge inscriptions seen on the British £1 coin, is not usually associated with U.S. coin designs. The inscription "Liberty" has been eliminated, with the Statue of Liberty serving as a sufficient replacement. In addition, due to the nature of U.S. coins, this will be the first time there will be circulating U.S. coins of different denominations with the same president featured on the obverse (heads) side (Lincoln/penny, Jefferson/nickel, Franklin D. Roosevelt/dime, Washington/quarter, Kennedy/half dollar, and Eisenhower/dollar). Another unusual fact about the new $1 coin is Grover Cleveland will have two coins with his portrait issued due to the fact he was the only U.S. President to be elected to two non-consecutive terms. Title: On the Origin of Species Passage: Darwin was hard at work on his "big book" on Natural Selection, when on 18 June 1858 he received a parcel from Wallace, who stayed on the Maluku Islands (Ternate and Gilolo). It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism, a response to Darwin's recent encouragement, with a request to send it on to Lyell if Darwin thought it worthwhile. The mechanism was similar to Darwin's own theory. Darwin wrote to Lyell that "your words have come true with a vengeance, ... forestalled" and he would "of course, at once write and offer to send [it] to any journal" that Wallace chose, adding that "all my originality, whatever it may amount to, will be smashed". Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint publication putting together Wallace's pages with extracts from Darwin's 1844 Essay and his 1857 letter to Gray should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection, by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction. While Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection, historians have pointed out differences. Darwin described natural selection as being analogous to the artificial selection practised by animal breeders, and emphasised competition between individuals; Wallace drew no comparison to selective breeding, and focused on ecological pressures that kept different varieties adapted to local conditions. Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation. Title: On the Origin of Species Passage: Evolution had less obvious applications to anatomy and morphology, and at first had little impact on the research of the anatomist Thomas Henry Huxley. Despite this, Huxley strongly supported Darwin on evolution; though he called for experiments to show whether natural selection could form new species, and questioned if Darwin's gradualism was sufficient without sudden leaps to cause speciation. Huxley wanted science to be secular, without religious interference, and his article in the April 1860 Westminster Review promoted scientific naturalism over natural theology, praising Darwin for "extending the domination of Science over regions of thought into which she has, as yet, hardly penetrated" and coining the term "Darwinism" as part of his efforts to secularise and professionalise science. Huxley gained influence, and initiated the X Club, which used the journal Nature to promote evolution and naturalism, shaping much of late Victorian science. Later, the German morphologist Ernst Haeckel would convince Huxley that comparative anatomy and palaeontology could be used to reconstruct evolutionary genealogies. Title: Gene Passage: Genes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term "having a gene" (e.g., "good genes," "hair colour gene") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles. Title: On the Origin of Species Passage: In January 1871, George Jackson Mivart's On the Genesis of Species listed detailed arguments against natural selection, and claimed it included false metaphysics. Darwin made extensive revisions to the sixth edition of the Origin (this was the first edition in which he used the word "evolution" which had commonly been associated with embryological development, though all editions concluded with the word "evolved"), and added a new chapter VII, Miscellaneous objections, to address Mivart's arguments. Title: History of evolutionary thought Passage: In 1858 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a new evolutionary theory, explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859). Unlike Lamarck, Darwin proposed common descent and a branching tree of life, meaning that two very different species could share a common ancestor. Darwin based his theory on the idea of natural selection: it synthesized a broad range of evidence from animal husbandry, biogeography, geology, morphology, and embryology. Debate over Darwin's work led to the rapid acceptance of the general concept of evolution, but the specific mechanism he proposed, natural selection, was not widely accepted until it was revived by developments in biology that occurred during the 1920s through the 1940s. Before that time most biologists regarded other factors as responsible for evolution. Alternatives to natural selection suggested during ``the eclipse of Darwinism ''(c. 1880 to 1920) included inheritance of acquired characteristics (neo-Lamarckism), an innate drive for change (orthogenesis), and sudden large mutations (saltationism). Mendelian genetics, a series of 19th - century experiments with pea plant variations rediscovered in 1900, was integrated with natural selection by Ronald Fisher, J.B.S. Haldane, and Sewall Wright during the 1910s to 1930s, and resulted in the founding of the new discipline of population genetics. During the 1930s and 1940s population genetics became integrated with other biological fields, resulting in a widely applicable theory of evolution that encompassed much of biology -- the modern synthesis.	[ "On the Origin of Species", "Flowering plant" ]
When was the first attempted coup in the state where Funa district is located?	28 March 2004	[]	Title: Kineshemsky District Passage: Kineshemsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Kineshma (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 27,650 (2002 Census); Title: Yalutorovsky District Passage: Yalutorovsky District () is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. Within the framework of municipal divisions, it is incorporated as Yalutorovsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Yalutorovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 14,461 (2010 Census); Title: Teykovsky District Passage: Teykovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Ivanovo Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the town of Teykovo (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 14,418 (2002 Census); Title: Gmina Bełchatów Passage: Gmina Bełchatów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bełchatów, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Joseph Kabila Passage: On 28 March 2004, an apparent coup attempt or mutiny around the capital Kinshasa, allegedly by members of the former guard of former president Mobutu Sese Seko (who had been ousted by Kabila's father in 1997 and died in the same year), failed. On 11 June 2004, coup plotters led by Major Eric Lenge allegedly attempted to take power and announced on state radio that the transitional government was suspended, but were defeated by loyalist troops. Title: Funa District Passage: Funa is one of the four districts that make up the capital city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Title: States of Germany Passage: Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states. Title: Gmina Kwidzyn Passage: Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Serpukhovsky District Passage: Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census); Title: Gmina Ozorków Passage: Gmina Ozorków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Ozorków, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Nefteyugansky District Passage: Nefteyugansky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the nine in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It is located in the south of the autonomous okrug. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Nefteyugansk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 44,815 (2010 Census);	[ "Funa District", "Joseph Kabila" ]
What term means an institution like a German Fachhochschule in the country where Remy Cogghe was born and the country where Dutch is spoken?	hogeschool	[]	Title: Institute of technology Passage: Hogeschool is used in Belgium and in the Netherlands. The hogeschool has many similarities to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas and to the ammattikorkeakoulu in Finland. Title: Iron Curtain Passage: The use of the term iron curtain as a metaphor for strict separation goes back at least as far as the early 19th century. It originally referred to fireproof curtains in theaters. Although its popularity as a Cold War symbol is attributed to its use in a speech Winston Churchill gave in 5 March 1946 in Fulton, Missouri, German Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels had already used the term in reference to the Soviet Union. Title: Dutch language Passage: In both Belgium and the Netherlands, the native official name for Dutch is Nederlands, and its dialects have their own names, e.g. Hollands (``Hollandic ''), West - Vlaams (`` West Flemish''), Brabants (``Brabantian ''). Sometimes Vlaams (`` Flemish'') is used as well to describe Standard Dutch in Flanders. Over time, the Dutch language has been known under a variety of names. In Middle Dutch Dietsc, Duutsc or Duitsc was used. It derived from the Old Germanic word theudisk, which literarily means ``popular ''or`` belonging to the populace''. In Western Europe the term was used for the language of the local Germanic populace as opposed to Latin, the non-native language of writing and the Catholic Church. In the first text in which it is found, dating from 784, theodisce refers to Anglo - Saxon, the West Germanic dialects of Britain. Although in Britain the name Englisc replaced theodisce on an early age, speakers of West Germanic in other parts of Europe kept on using it as a reference to their local speech. Title: Namibia Passage: Whites (mainly of Afrikaner, German, British and Portuguese origin) make up between 4.0 and 7.0% of the population. Although their percentage of population is decreasing due to emigration and lower birth rates they still form the second-largest population of European ancestry, both in terms of percentage and actual numbers, in Sub-Saharan Africa (after South Africa). The majority of Namibian whites and nearly all those who are mixed race speak Afrikaans and share similar origins, culture, and religion as the white and coloured populations of South Africa. A large minority of whites (around 30,000) trace their family origins back to the German settlers who colonized Namibia prior to the British confiscation of German lands after World War One, and they maintain German cultural and educational institutions. Nearly all Portuguese settlers came to the country from the former Portuguese colony of Angola. The 1960 census reported 526,004 persons in what was then South-West Africa, including 73,464 whites (14%). Title: Dutch language Passage: Dutch is one of the closest relatives of both German and English[n 5] and is said to be roughly in between them.[n 6] Dutch, like English, has not undergone the High German consonant shift, does not use Germanic umlaut as a grammatical marker, has largely abandoned the use of the subjunctive, and has levelled much of its morphology, including the case system.[n 7] Features shared with German include the survival of three grammatical genders—albeit with few grammatical consequences[n 8]—as well as the use of modal particles, final-obstruent devoicing, and a similar word order.[n 9] Dutch vocabulary is mostly Germanic and incorporates more Romance loans than German but fewer than English.[n 10] Title: University Passage: During the Early Modern period (approximately late 15th century to 1800), the universities of Europe would see a tremendous amount of growth, productivity and innovative research. At the end of the Middle Ages, about 400 years after the first university was founded, there were twenty-nine universities spread throughout Europe. In the 15th century, twenty-eight new ones were created, with another eighteen added between 1500 and 1625. This pace continued until by the end of the 18th century there were approximately 143 universities in Europe and Eastern Europe, with the highest concentrations in the German Empire (34), Italian countries (26), France (25), and Spain (23) – this was close to a 500% increase over the number of universities toward the end of the Middle Ages. This number does not include the numerous universities that disappeared, or institutions that merged with other universities during this time. It should be noted that the identification of a university was not necessarily obvious during the Early Modern period, as the term is applied to a burgeoning number of institutions. In fact, the term "university" was not always used to designate a higher education institution. In Mediterranean countries, the term studium generale was still often used, while "Academy" was common in Northern European countries. Title: Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences Passage: Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften (German for "Eastphalia University of Applied Sciences", known as Fachhochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel until 2009), is a Fachhochschule in eastern Lower Saxony, Germany. The predecessor of the college, Staatliche Ingenieurschule Wolfenbüttel (State Engineering School Wolfenbuettel), was founded in 1928. It merged with two other independent institutions in August 1971. Title: Dutch language Passage: In Dutch itself, Diets went out of common use - although Platdiets is still used for the transitional Limburgish-Ripuarian dialects in the north-east of Belgium. Nederlands, the official Dutch word for "Dutch", did not become firmly established until the 19th century. This designation had been in use as far back as the end of the 15th century, but received competition from the more popular terminology Nederduits, "Low Dutch", for several reasons. One of them was it reflected a distinction with Hoogduits, "High Dutch", meaning the language spoken in Germany. The Hoog was later dropped, and thus, Duits narrowed down in meaning to refer to the German language. Title: Institute of technology Passage: Polytechnic schools are distinct from academic universities in Finland. Ammattikorkeakoulu is the common term in Finland, as is the Swedish alternative "yrkeshögskola" – their focus is on studies leading to a degree (for instance insinööri, engineer; in international use, Bachelor of Engineering) in kind different from but in level comparable to an academic bachelor's degree awarded by a university. Since 2006 the polytechnics have offered studies leading to master's degrees (Master of Engineering). After January 1, 2006, some Finnish ammattikorkeakoulus switched the English term "polytechnic" to the term "university of applied sciences" in the English translations of their legal names. The ammattikorkeakoulu has many similarities to the hogeschool in Belgium and in the Netherlands and to the Fachhochschule in the German language areas. Title: Arrondissement of Mouscron Passage: The Arrondissement of Mouscron (; ) is one of the seven administrative arrondissements in the Province of Hainaut, Belgium. It is not a judicial arrondissement. Its municipalities are a part of the Judicial Arrondissement of Tournai. Title: Halloween Passage: While the first reference to ``guising ''in North America occurs in 1911, another reference to ritual begging on Halloween appears, place unknown, in 1915, with a third reference in Chicago in 1920. The earliest known use in print of the term`` trick or treat'' appears in 1927, in the Blackie Herald Alberta, Canada. Title: Rémy Cogghe Passage: Rémy Cogghe, originally spelled Rémi Coghe ( 31 October 1854, Mouscron - 2 April 1935, Roubaix) was a Belgian-born painter, residing in France.	[ "Dutch language", "Arrondissement of Mouscron", "Institute of technology", "Rémy Cogghe" ]
Who was married to the president of the Russian Republic at the time of the disintegration of the country the US beat in the Miracle on Ice?	Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva	[ "Raisa Gorbacheva" ]	Title: Dissolution of the Soviet Union Passage: The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self - governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union. It was a result of the declaration number 142 - Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. On the previous day, 25 December 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers -- including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes -- to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7: 32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag. Title: Miracle on Ice Passage: The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union. Title: Raisa Gorbacheva Passage: Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva ( "Raisa Maksimovna Gorbachyova", , Титаренко; 5 January 1932 – 20 September 1999) was a Russian activist who was the wife of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. She raised funds for the preservation of Russian cultural heritage, fostering of new talent, and treatment programs for children's blood cancer.	[ "Miracle on Ice", "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "Raisa Gorbacheva" ]
When did Italy enter the conflict associated with the Albert I from the country now with Typhoon?	1915	[]	Title: Typhoon (Bobbejaanland) Passage: Typhoon is a steel roller coaster at the Bobbejaanland amusement park in Lichtaart, Belgium. Typhoon is a Gerstlauer Euro-Fighter model roller coaster, and the second installation of this model line. At 97 degrees, the coaster's first drop is steeper-than-vertical and it has the steepest drop of any roller coaster in Belgium. Title: Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation Passage: The Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation (QEMF) is a Belgian non-profit organization, founded in 1926 by Elisabeth of Bavaria, wife of Albert I. She founded the organization, based on her experience with the wounded from the front-line during the First World War. The foundation wants to encourage laboratory research and contacts between researchers and clinical practitioners, with a particular focus on neurosciences. The QEMF supports seventeen university teams throughout Belgium. Title: Military history of Italy during World War I Passage: On 3 May 1915 Italy officially revoked the Triple Alliance. In the following days Giolitti and the neutralist majority of the Parliament opposed declaring war, while nationalist crowds demonstrated in public areas for it. (The nationalist poet Gabriele D'Annunzio called this period le radiose giornate di Maggio -- ``the sunny days of May ''). Giolitti had the support of the majority of Italian parliament so on 13 May Salandra offered his resignation to King Victor Emmanuel III, but then Giolitti learned that the London Pact was already signed: fearful of a conflict between the Crown and the Parliament and the consequences on both internal stability and foreign relationships, Giolitti accepted the fait accompli, declined to succeed as prime minister and Salandra's resignation was not accepted. On 23 May, Italy declared war on Austria - Hungary. This was followed by declarations of war on the Ottoman Empire (21 August 1915, following an ultimatum of 3 August), Bulgaria (19 October 1915) and the German Empire (28 August 1916).	[ "Typhoon (Bobbejaanland)", "Military history of Italy during World War I", "Queen Elisabeth Medical Foundation" ]
What perfume brand was founded by the artist who wrote the lyrics to LoveGame?	Lady Gaga Fame	[]	Title: Lady Gaga Fame Passage: Lady Gaga Fame is the first fragrance created by American singer Lady Gaga. A Unisex fragrance, it was released in Guggenheim Museum and in Macy's stores in the United States and a range of different stores in the United Kingdom on August 22, 2012, and worldwide in September through the singer's Haus Laboratories label in association with Coty, Inc. According to promotional materials, the perfume uses "push-pull technology", rather than the pyramidal structure traditional of perfumes, to combine notes of "atropa belladonna", tiger orchid, incense, apricot, saffron and honey. As of 2013, the perfume has sold more than 30 million bottles and has earned more than 1.5 billion dollars worldwide. Title: LoveGame Passage: "LoveGame" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her debut studio album, "The Fame" (2008). Produced by RedOne, the track was released as the album's third single in North America and Europe and the fourth single in Australia, New Zealand, and Sweden after "Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)". "LoveGame" was also released as the fourth single in the United Kingdom, after "Paparazzi". Title: America (My Country, 'Tis of Thee) Passage: Samuel Francis Smith wrote the lyrics to ``My Country 'Tis of Thee ''in 1831, while he was a student at the Andover Theological Seminary in Andover, Massachusetts. His friend Lowell Mason had asked him to translate the lyrics in some German school songbooks or to write new lyrics. A melody in Muzio Clementi's Symphony No. 3 (also called' The Great National 'and contains the melody of' God Save the Queen 'as a tribute to Clementi's adopted country) caught his attention. Rather than translating the lyrics from German, Smith wrote his own American patriotic hymn to the melody, completing the lyrics in thirty minutes.	[ "LoveGame", "Lady Gaga Fame" ]
What dynasty gave birth to the empire that the Burgraviate of Nuremberg was part of?	the Carolingian family	[]	Title: List of The Thundermans characters Passage: Billy Thunderman (Diego Velazquez) is the third - born Thunderman child. He is an energetic little brother to Phoebe and Max and older brother to Nora and Chloe. His superpower is super-speed. In one episode, it was revealed that Barb gave birth to Billy in the air while her husband was transporting her to a hospital, implying that Billy likely hit his head after birth, which is probably why he is sometimes unintelligent. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Henri Donnedieu de Vabres Passage: Henri Donnedieu de Vabres (8 July 1880 – 14 February 1952) was a French jurist who took part in the Nuremberg trials after World War II. He was the primary French judge during the proceedings, with Robert Falco as his alternate. Title: Princess Dowager Liu Passage: Lady Liu gave birth to Zhang Tianxi in 346. That year, Zhang Jun died. Nothing is known about her life between that year and 363, when Zhang Tianxi seized the throne from his nephew Zhang Xuanjing (Duke Jingdao) and honored her as princess dowager. (The exact title he honored her with is disputed historically; "Zizhi Tongjian" gave it as "Taifei" (太妃, translate as princess dowager), while "Shiliuguo Chunqiu" gave it as "Taihou" (太后, translate as queen dowager or empress dowager). Title: Holy Roman Empire Passage: On 25 December 800, Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish king Charlemagne as Emperor, reviving the title in Western Europe, more than three centuries after the fall of the earlier ancient Western Roman Empire in 476. The title continued in the Carolingian family until 888 and from 896 to 899, after which it was contested by the rulers of Italy in a series of civil wars until the death of the last Italian claimant, Berengar I, in 924. The title was revived again in 962 when Otto I was crowned emperor, fashioning himself as the successor of Charlemagne and beginning a continuous existence of the empire for over eight centuries. Some historians refer to the coronation of Charlemagne as the origin of the empire, while others prefer the coronation of Otto I as its beginning. Scholars generally concur, however, in relating an evolution of the institutions and principles constituting the empire, describing a gradual assumption of the imperial title and role. Title: Umayyad Caliphate Passage: In the year 712, Muhammad bin Qasim, an Umayyad general, sailed from the Persian Gulf into Sindh in Pakistan and conquered both the Sindh and the Punjab regions along the Indus river. The conquest of Sindh and Punjab, in modern-day Pakistan, although costly, were major gains for the Umayyad Caliphate. However, further gains were halted by Hindu kingdoms in India in the battle of Rajasthan. The Arabs tried to invade India but they were defeated by the north Indian king Nagabhata of the Pratihara Dynasty and by the south Indian Emperor Vikramaditya II of the Chalukya dynasty in the early 8th century. After this the Arab chroniclers admit that the Caliph Mahdi "gave up the project of conquering any part of India." Title: Elisabeth of Nuremberg Passage: Elisabeth of Nuremberg (1358 – 26 July 1411) was the daughter of Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg and Elisabeth of Meissen. She was a member of the House of Hohenzollern, and the wife of Rupert of Germany. In 1398, she became the Electress of the Palatinate of the Rhine, and in 1400 she became Queen of the Romans. Title: Principality of Bayreuth Passage: The Principality of Bayreuth () or Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth ("Markgraftum Brandenburg-Bayreuth") was an immediate territory of the Holy Roman Empire, ruled by a Franconian branch of the Hohenzollern dynasty. Since Burgrave Frederick VI of Nuremberg was enfeoffed with the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1415/17, the Hohenzollern princes transferred the margravial title to their Franconian possessions, though the principality never had been a march. Until 1604 they used Plassenburg Castle in Kulmbach as their residence, hence their territory was officially called the Principality of Kulmbach or Margraviate of Brandenburg-Kulmbach until the Empire's dissolution in 1806. Title: Ỷ Lan Passage: Being of commoner origin, Ỷ Lan was favoured by Lý Thánh Tông because she not only gave birth to his first child but also successfully acted the regency for him during the emperor's military campaign in the kingdom of Champa. After the death of Lý Thánh Tông, Ỷ Lan one more time took the position of regent by having the Empress Mother Thượng Dương and her servants killed after an order of Ỷ Lan's son Lý Nhân Tông. For her achievements, Ỷ Lan was considered one of the most important figures during the early Lý Dynasty and one of the few women who held significant political power in the dynastic time of the History of Vietnam. Title: Kyiso Passage: Kyiso (, ; c. 1000–1038) was king of Pagan dynasty from 1021 to 1038. According to the Burmese chronicles, Kyiso was a son of King Nyaung-u Sawrahan but raised by King Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu. Kunhsaw married Nyuang-u's three chief queens, two of whom were pregnant and subsequently gave birth to Kyiso and Sokkate. Sokkate and Kyiso were raised by Kunhsaw as his own sons. When the two sons reached manhood, they forced Kunhsaw to abdicate the throne and become a monk. Title: Stephen "tWitch" Boss Passage: On December 10, 2013, Boss and fellow SYTYCD alum Allison Holker married at Nigel Lythgoe's Villa San Juliette Vineyard and Winery in Paso Robles, Calif. He became father to Holker's daughter, Weslie. On March 27, 2016, Holker gave birth to their son, Maddox Laurel. Title: Emma Willis Passage: On 5 July 2008, Emma Griffiths married Busted member Matt Willis at Rushton Hall, Northamptonshire, after three years of dating. The wedding was featured in OK magazine. She gave birth to their first child, a daughter called Isabelle, in June 2009. In November 2011, the couple had a second child, a son called Ace, and in May 2016, Willis gave birth to her third child, a girl called Trixie.	[ "Principality of Bayreuth", "Holy Roman Empire" ]
When is the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally in the state Full Throttle Saloon takes place?	August 3 - 12, 2018	[]	Title: Sturgis Motorcycle Rally Passage: Sturgis Motorcycle Rally Motorcycles lined up on Main Street during the Sturgis motorcycle rally. Genre Motorcycle rally Dates First week in August Location (s) Sturgis, South Dakota, United States Founded August 14, 1938 (1938 - 08 - 14) Most recent August 4 - 13, 2017 Next event August 3 - 12, 2018 Attendance highest: 739,000 (2015) Website www.sturgismotorcyclerally.com Title: Full Throttle Saloon Passage: Full Throttle Saloon is an American reality television series that premiered on November 10, 2009, and originally aired on truTV. The series, which takes its name from the bar, chronicles the daily operations of the world's largest biker bar, Full Throttle Saloon, located in Sturgis, South Dakota was housed on 30 acres of land, which Michael Ballard purchased in 1999. The indoor/outdoor bar included several large stages, a burn-out pit, a tattoo parlor, zip lines, a wrestling ring, restaurants, dozens of stores, hundreds of cabins for rent, and parking for thousands of motorcycles. It was open from late March/early April until mid-November (weather permitting), and was busiest during the annual week-long Sturgis Motorcycle Rally. Each year, the first full week of August marks the beginning of the Sturgis Motorcycle Rally, during which time, the Saloon could average 20,000 guests each night. Title: 1960 French motorcycle Grand Prix Passage: The 1960 French motorcycle Grand Prix was the first round of the 1960 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place on 22 May 1960 at the Clermont-Ferrand circuit.	[ "Full Throttle Saloon", "Sturgis Motorcycle Rally" ]
When did the person who resigned their position following the scandal due to Orsini's bomb being made in England die?	1865	[]	Title: Queen Victoria Passage: On 14 January 1858, an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England. The ensuing diplomatic crisis destabilised the government, and Palmerston resigned. Derby was reinstated as prime minister. Victoria and Albert attended the opening of a new basin at the French military port of Cherbourg on 5 August 1858, in an attempt by Napoleon III to reassure Britain that his military preparations were directed elsewhere. On her return Victoria wrote to Derby reprimanding him for the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one. Derby's ministry did not last long, and in June 1859 Victoria recalled Palmerston to office. Title: Carmen Montón Passage: Carmen Montón Giménez (born 9 March 1976 in Burjassot, Spain) is a Spanish politician who belongs to the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). She was the Spanish Minister of Health, Consumer Affairs and Social Welfare from the 7 June 2018 until her resignation on 11 September 2018 due to the scandal of her master’s degree. Title: Queen Victoria Passage: Palmerston died in 1865, and after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. In 1866, Victoria attended the State Opening of Parliament for the first time since Albert's death. The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to many urban working men, though she was not in favour of votes for women. Derby resigned in 1868, to be replaced by Benjamin Disraeli, who charmed Victoria. "Everyone likes flattery," he said, "and when you come to royalty you should lay it on with a trowel." With the phrase "we authors, Ma'am", he complimented her. Disraeli's ministry only lasted a matter of months, and at the end of the year his Liberal rival, William Ewart Gladstone, was appointed prime minister. Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman".	[ "Queen Victoria" ]
Who is the sibling of the Downtown performer?	Astrid Young	[]	Title: Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum Passage: The Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum () is a natural history and science museum in downtown Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 225 Frontenac Street in downtown Sherbrooke. Title: Keith-Albee Theatre Passage: Keith-Albee is a theatre located along Fourth Avenue in downtown Huntington, West Virginia in the United States of America. The Keith-Albee was named after the Keith-Albee-Orpheum Corporation, one of the leading vaudeville performance chains at that time, to convince the directors of Keith-Albee-Orpheum to make the Keith-Albee a regular stop. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Downtown Huntington Historic District, and is currently being restored as a performing arts center. Title: Houston Passage: The Houston Theater District, located downtown, is home to nine major performing arts organizations and six performance halls. It is the second-largest concentration of theater seats in a downtown area in the United States. Houston is one of few United States cities with permanent, professional, resident companies in all major performing arts disciplines: opera (Houston Grand Opera), ballet (Houston Ballet), music (Houston Symphony Orchestra), and theater (The Alley Theatre). Houston is also home to folk artists, art groups and various small progressive arts organizations. Houston attracts many touring Broadway acts, concerts, shows, and exhibitions for a variety of interests. Facilities in the Theater District include the Jones Hall—home of the Houston Symphony Orchestra and Society for the Performing Arts—and the Hobby Center for the Performing Arts. Title: Scott Young (writer) Passage: Scott Alexander Young (April 14, 1918 – June 12, 2005) was a Canadian journalist, sportswriter, novelist and the father of musicians Neil Young and Astrid Young. Over his career, Young wrote 45 books, including novels and non-fiction for adult and youth audiences. Title: The Legendary Siblings Passage: The Legendary Siblings is a Taiwanese television series adapted from Gu Long's novel "Juedai Shuangjiao". The series was directed by Lee Kwok-lap and starred Jimmy Lin and Alec Su in the leading roles. It was first broadcast on TTV in Taiwan in 1999 and was followed by "The Legendary Siblings 2" in 2002. Title: Out Here on My Own Passage: ``Out Here on My Own ''is a ballad from the 1980 musical film Fame, performed by Irene Cara. It was written by sibling songwriting duo Lesley Gore (lyricist) and Michael Gore (composer). The song was produced by Michael Gore, and published by MGM BMI / Variety ASCAP. Cara performed the song at the 1981 Academy Awards, where the song was nominated for Best Original Song. The song was released on the soundtrack to the 1980 film Fame, which also contains an instrumental version of the track. Title: Sibling Passage: Half - siblings are people who share one parent but not both. They may share the same mother but different fathers (in which case they are known as uterine siblings or maternal half - brothers / half - sisters), or they may have the same father but different mothers (in which case, they are known as agnate siblings or paternal half - brothers / half - sisters. In law, the term consanguine is used in place of agnate). They share only one parent instead of two as full siblings do and are on average 25% related. Title: Downtown (Neil Young song) Passage: "Downtown" is the first single from Neil Young's twenty-third studio album, "Mirror Ball". The song was recorded with the members of American rock band Pearl Jam. The song was nominated for Best Rock Song at the 1996 Grammy Awards. Title: Ann Arbor, Michigan Passage: Several performing arts groups and facilities are on the University of Michigan's campus, as are museums dedicated to art, archaeology, and natural history and sciences. Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater. Since 2001 Shakespeare in the Arb has presented one play by Shakespeare each June, in a large park near downtown. Regional and local performing arts groups not associated with the university include the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre, the Arbor Opera Theater, the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra, the Ann Arbor Ballet Theater, the Ann Arbor Civic Ballet (established in 1954 as Michigan's first chartered ballet company), The Ark, and Performance Network Theatre. Another unique piece of artistic expression in Ann Arbor is the fairy doors. These small portals are examples of installation art and can be found throughout the downtown area. Title: Psycho Realm Passage: The Psycho Realm is an American hip hop group started in 1989 by brothers Sick Jacken (Joaquín Gonzalez) and Big Duke (Gustavo Gonzalez) from the Downtown, Pico-Union area of Los Angeles. The first recorded Psycho Realm song, "Scandalous," was released on the soundtrack of the film, "Mi Vida Loca", in 1994. That same year B-Real of the rap group Cypress Hill saw Psycho Realm performing at Olvera Street for an End Barrio Warfare concert. Their performance inspired B-Real to the point that he wanted to join the group. Title: Adolescence Passage: During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling. Title: George William Weidler Passage: George William Weidler was one of six children born to the architect Alfred Weidler (1886–1966) and opera singer Margarete Therese Louisa (née Radon). The first four siblings (Waldtraud, Verena, Werther, and Wolfgang) were born in Germany. The eldest sibling, Waldtraud (later known as Sylvia) and the youngest sibling, Virginia, were both child film actresses. And one of his three brothers, Warner (born Werner Alfred Weidler), was a composer.	[ "Downtown (Neil Young song)", "Scott Young (writer)" ]
What river flows through the area where National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum are located?	North Canadian River	[ "Oklahoma River" ]	Title: Manufaktura, Museum of the Factory Passage: The Muzeum Fabryki, (Manufaktura, Museum of the Factory) is a museum in Łódź, Poland. The museum is an Anchor point on the European Route of Industrial Heritage. Title: Oklahoma Passage: The Egyptian art collection at the Mabee-Gerrer Museum of Art in Shawnee is considered to be the finest Egyptian collection between Chicago and Los Angeles. The Oklahoma City Museum of Art contains the most comprehensive collection of glass sculptures by artist Dale Chihuly in the world, and Oklahoma City's National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum documents the heritage of the American Western frontier. With remnants of the Holocaust and artifacts relevant to Judaism, the Sherwin Miller Museum of Jewish Art of Tulsa preserves the largest collection of Jewish art in the Southwest United States. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam was built on the river to manage the flood control and reduced its level. In the 1990s, as part of the citywide revitalization project known as MAPS, the city built a series of low-water dams, returning water to the portion of the river flowing near downtown. The city has three large lakes: Lake Hefner and Lake Overholser, in the northwestern quarter of the city; and the largest, Lake Stanley Draper, in the sparsely populated far southeast portion of the city.	[ "Oklahoma City", "Oklahoma" ]
What river flows through the city which holds the State Fair of Oklahoma?	North Canadian River	[ "Oklahoma River" ]	Title: North Branch Millers River Passage: The North Branch of the Millers River is a river in southwestern New Hampshire and northern Massachusetts in the United States. It is a tributary of the Millers River, which flows west to the Connecticut River, which in turn flows south to Long Island Sound, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. Title: List of rivers of France Passage: This is a list of rivers that are at least partially in France. The rivers are grouped by sea or ocean. The rivers flowing into the sea are sorted along the coast. Rivers flowing into other rivers are listed by the rivers they flow into. Some rivers (e.g. Sûre/Sauer) do not flow through France themselves, but they are mentioned for having French tributaries. They are given in "italics". For clarity, only rivers that are longer than 50 km (or have longer tributaries) are shown. Title: Lackawaxen River Passage: The Lackawaxen River is a tributary of the Delaware River in northeastern Pennsylvania in the United States. The river flows through a largely rural area in the northern Pocono Mountains, draining an area of approximately . Title: Rainy River (Michigan) Passage: The Rainy River is a river in Presque Isle County, Michigan, in the United States. It is located in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, flowing northwest from Rainy Lake to Black Lake. Its waters, after passing through Black Lake, flow via the Black River and the Cheboygan River to Lake Huron. Title: Oklahoma Passage: During a 10-day run in Oklahoma City, the State Fair of Oklahoma attracts roughly one million people along with the annual Festival of the Arts. Large national pow-wows, various Latin and Asian heritage festivals, and cultural festivals such as the Juneteenth celebrations are held in Oklahoma City each year. The Tulsa State Fair attracts over one million people during its 10-day run, and the city's Mayfest festival entertained more than 375,000 people in four days during 2007. In 2006, Tulsa's Oktoberfest was named one of the top 10 in the world by USA Today and one of the top German food festivals in the nation by Bon Appetit magazine. Title: Honcut Creek Passage: Honcut Creek is a stream in central California in the United States. It is a tributary of the Feather River and flows from the Sierra Nevada south and west into the river] in the Sacramento Valley. Title: Amite River Passage: The Amite River is a tributary of Lake Maurepas in Mississippi and Louisiana in the United States. It is about long. It starts as two forks in southwestern Mississippi and flows south through Louisiana, passing Greater Baton Rouge, to Lake Maurepas. The lower of the river is navigable. A portion of the river is diverted via the Petite Amite River and Amite Diversion Canal to the Blind River, which also flows to Lake Maurepas. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam was built on the river to manage the flood control and reduced its level. In the 1990s, as part of the citywide revitalization project known as MAPS, the city built a series of low-water dams, returning water to the portion of the river flowing near downtown. The city has three large lakes: Lake Hefner and Lake Overholser, in the northwestern quarter of the city; and the largest, Lake Stanley Draper, in the sparsely populated far southeast portion of the city. Title: Alcovy River Passage: The Alcovy River (pronunciation: al-CO-vee) is a tributary of the Ocmulgee River in north-central Georgia in the United States. Via the Ocmulgee River, it is part of the watershed of the Altamaha River, which flows to the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Little Diamond Brook Passage: Little Diamond Brook is a tributary of the Passaic River which flows south through a section of Bergen County in New Jersey. Heading up the approximately two mile long brook from the Passaic River, one encounters the towns of Fair Lawn and Glen Rock. Title: Red River of the South Passage: The Red River is the second - largest river basin in the southern Great Plains. It rises in two branches in the Texas Panhandle and flows east, where it acts as the border between the states of Texas and Oklahoma. It forms a short border between Texas and Arkansas before entering Arkansas, turning south near Fulton, Arkansas, and flowing into Louisiana, where it flows into the Atchafalaya River. The total length of the river is 1,360 miles (2,190 km), with a mean flow of over 57,000 cubic feet per second (1,600 m / s) at the mouth. Title: Des Plaines River Passage: The Des Plaines River () is a river that flows southward for through southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois in the United States Midwest, eventually meeting the Kankakee River west of Channahon to form the Illinois River, a tributary of the Mississippi River.	[ "Oklahoma City", "Oklahoma" ]
When did the state where the National Historic Site of the author of My Day is located become part of the United States?	July 26, 1788	[]	Title: My Day Passage: My Day was a newspaper column that was written by First Lady of the United States Eleanor Roosevelt six days a week from 1935 to 1962. From 1961 until 1962, issues were only published every other day because Roosevelt became too sick to write on her usual schedule. In her column, she discussed issues such as race, women, and key events (Pearl Harbor, Prohibition, H Bomb, etc.). This column allowed Roosevelt to spread her ideas and thoughts to millions of Americans and give them a new view on the issues they faced every day. George T. Bye, Eleanor Roosevelt's literary agent, encouraged her to write the column. With this column, Roosevelt became the first First Lady to write a daily newspaper column. Roosevelt also wrote for "Ladies Home Journal", McCall's, and various articles in Vogue and other women's magazines. Title: New York (state) Passage: State of New York Flag Seal Nickname (s): The Empire State Motto (s): Excelsior (in Latin) Ever upward State song (s): ``I Love New York ''Official language None Spoken languages English 69.6% Spanish 15.1% Chinese 3.1% French 1.6% Russian 1.2% Italian 0.9% Yiddish 0.7% Hindi / Urdu 0.6% Arabic 0.5% Japanese 0.5% Korean 0.5% Demonym New Yorker Capital Albany Largest city New York City Largest metro Greater New York Area Ranked 27th Total 54,555 sq mi (141,300 km) Width 285 miles (455 km) Length 330 miles (530 km)% water 13.5 Latitude 40 ° 30 ′ N to 45 ° 1 ′ N Longitude 71 ° 51 ′ W to 79 ° 46 ′ W Population Ranked 4th Total 19,849,399 (2017 est.) Density 416.42 / sq mi (159 / km) Ranked 7th Median household income $58,005 (2016) (23rd) Elevation Highest point Mount Marcy 5,344 ft (1,629 m) Mean 1,000 ft (300 m) Lowest point Atlantic Ocean Sea level Admission to Union July 26, 1788 (11th) Governor Andrew Cuomo (D) Lieutenant Governor Kathy Hochul (D) Legislature New York Legislature Upper house State Senate Lower house State Assembly U.S. Senators Chuck Schumer (D) Kirsten Gillibrand (D) U.S. House delegation 17 Democrats 9 Republicans 1 Vacant (list) Time zone Eastern: UTC - 5 / - 4 ISO 3166 US - NY Abbreviations NY, N.Y. Website www.ny.gov Title: Val-Kill Industries Passage: Eleanor Roosevelt established Val-Kill Industries in 1927 with Nancy Cook, Marion Dickerman, and Caroline O'Day, three friends she met through her activities in the Women's Division of the New York State Democratic Party. Val-Kill was located on the banks of a stream that flowed through the Roosevelt family estate in Hyde Park, New York. Eleanor and her business partners financed the construction of a small factory to provide supplemental income for local farming families who would make furniture, pewter, and homespun cloth using traditional craft methods. Capitalizing on the popularity of the Colonial Revival, most Val-Kill products were modelled on eighteenth-century forms.	[ "My Day", "Val-Kill Industries", "New York (state)" ]
When was Neville A. Stanton's employer founded?	1862	[]	Title: Lanton Mills Passage: Lanton Mills is an American comedy short film written and directed by Terrence Malick and starring Malick, Warren Oates, Harry Dean Stanton, and Paula Mandel. The film was Malick's thesis project for the American Film Institute, and was completed in 1969. The story concerns two apparently 19th-century cowboys (Stanton and Malick) plotting to rob a bank in Texas, which they do in the 20th century. Title: Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board) Passage: Robichaud v Canada (Treasury Board), [1987] 2 S.C.R. 84 is a leading case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on sexual harassment under the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Court found that a corporation can be found liable for the discriminatory conduct of its employees who are acting "in the course of their employment." It also found it necessary to impose liability, as the employer is the only one that is in the position to remedy the discriminatory conduct. Title: George Marquis Bogue Passage: George Marquis Bogue (January 21, 1842 – December 30, 1903) was an American politician and real estate agent from New York. Bogue came to Chicago, Illinois when he was fourteen and soon found employment with his brother. He was elected to the Board of County Commissioners of Cook County in 1872, then served a two-year term in the Illinois House of Representatives two years later. In 1883, he co-founded the Bogue & Hoyt real estate firm, later known as Bogue & Co. He was an early settler to Hyde Park, Illinois and often represented the town in political positions. Late in his life, Bogue was an arbitrator for several railroad traffic associations. Title: Neville A. Stanton Passage: Neville A. Stanton is a British Professor of Human Factors and Ergonomics at the University of Southampton. Prof Stanton is a Chartered Engineer (C.Eng), Chartered Psychologist (C.Psychol) and Chartered Ergonomist (C.ErgHF). He has written and edited over a forty books and over three hundered peer-reviewed journal papers on applications of the subject. Stanton is a Fellow of the British Psychological Society, a Fellow of The Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors and a member of the Institution of Engineering and Technology. He has been published in academic journals including "Nature". He has also helped organisations design new human-machine interfaces, such as the Adaptive Cruise Control system for Jaguar Cars. Title: The Last Horse Passage: The Last Horse (Spanish:El último caballo) is a 1950 Spanish comedy film directed by Edgar Neville starring Fernando Fernán Gómez. Title: The Peggy Neville Show Passage: The Peggy Neville Show was a Canadian music variety television series which aired on CBC Television from 1966 to 1967. Title: Southampton Passage: The University of Southampton, which was founded in 1862 and received its Royal Charter as a university in 1952, has over 22,000 students. The university is ranked in the top 100 research universities in the world in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010. In 2010, the THES - QS World University Rankings positioned the University of Southampton in the top 80 universities in the world. The university considers itself one of the top 5 research universities in the UK. The university has a global reputation for research into engineering sciences, oceanography, chemistry, cancer sciences, sound and vibration research, computer science and electronics, optoelectronics and textile conservation at the Textile Conservation Centre (which is due to close in October 2009.) It is also home to the National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (NOCS), the focus of Natural Environment Research Council-funded marine research. Title: Women's suffrage in the United States Passage: The first national suffrage organizations were established in 1869 when two competing organizations were formed, one led by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the other by Lucy Stone. After years of rivalry, they merged in 1890 as the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) with Anthony as its leading force. Title: Frank Borzage Passage: In 1912, Frank Borzage found employment as an actor in Hollywood; he continued to work as an actor until 1917. His directorial debut came in 1915 with the film, "The Pitch o' Chance". Title: Jobst Brandt Passage: Brandt was born in New York City, where his father, the German-born agricultural economist Karl Brandt, was a professor at the New School for Social Research. The family moved to Palo Alto in 1938. Jobst Brandt studied mechanical engineering at Stanford University, graduating in 1958. After two years of military service in the US Army Corps of Engineers, stationed near Frankfurt, Germany, he found employment at Porsche. His subsequent employers included Hewlett Packard, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and Avocet, a bicycle accessories brand. At Avocet, he was involved in the development of a cyclocomputer (patent 6,134,508), touring shoes (patent 4,547,983), and a high-performance bicycle tire, and published "The Bicycle Wheel", a unique treatise on wheelbuilding which became a best-seller. Title: Edgar Stanton Maclay Passage: Edgar Stanton Maclay (18 April 1863, in Foochow, China – 2 November 1919, in Washington, D.C.) was an American journalist and historian. Title: Jonathan Stanton Passage: Jonathan Stanton (1834–1918) was an ornithologist and longtime professor of Greek and Latin at Bates College, librarian, and supporter of the debate program.	[ "Neville A. Stanton", "Southampton" ]
How many square miles is the city where Paycom is headquartered?	620.34 square miles	[]	Title: Paycom Passage: Paycom Software, Inc., known simply as Paycom, is an American online payroll and human resource technology provider based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. It is attributed with being one of the first fully online payroll providers and has offices throughout the U.S. It has also been recognized by Fortune magazine as one of the fastest-growing publicly traded companies in the world and Forbes' magazine ranked it one of the top five fastest-growing publicly traded technology companies in its Fast Tech rankings. Founded in 1998, it reported annual revenue of $566.3 million for 2018, up from $433 million for 2017. Title: APA – The Engineered Wood Association Passage: APA – The Engineered Wood Association is a nonprofit trade association of the United States and Canadian engineered wood products industry. They represent engineered wood manufacturers and mandate things such as quality testing, product research, and market development. APA's corporate headquarters are in Tacoma, Washington. The headquarters campus includes an office building and a 42,000-square-foot Research Center. A regional quality testing laboratory is located in Atlanta, Georgia. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.	[ "Paycom", "Oklahoma City" ]
What is John Strohmayer's birthplace the capital of?	Butte County	[]	Title: Maurice Hope Passage: Maurice Hope (born 6 December 1951 in St. John's, Antigua) is a former boxer from England, who was world Jr. Middleweight champion. Hope lived in Hackney most of his life, but now lives in his place of birth, Antigua. He represented Great Britain at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. Title: Belle Fourche Dam Passage: The Belle Fourche Dam, also known as Orman Dam, is a dam on Owl Creek in Butte County, South Dakota, USA, approximately eight miles east of Belle Fourche, South Dakota, along U.S. Route 212. Its construction created the Belle Fourche Reservoir, the Belle Fourche National Wildlife Refuge, and the Rocky Point Recreation Area. Title: John Strohmayer Passage: John Emery Strohmayer (born October 13, 1946 in Belle Fourche, South Dakota) is a former pitcher in Major League Baseball. He was drafted by the Oakland Athletics in 1968, and made his Major League debut in 1970 for the Montreal Expos. He played with them until the July 1973, when he was claimed by the New York Mets off waivers. He played with them through 1974.	[ "Belle Fourche Dam", "John Strohmayer" ]
How old do you have to be to buy a handgun in the state where Lars Pearson was born?	21 or older.	[ "Gun laws in Iowa" ]	Title: Gun laws in Virginia Passage: Open carry of a handgun without a permit is legal in Virginia at age 18, withstanding other applicable laws. Concealed carry of a handgun is allowed for persons who hold a valid CHP (concealed handgun permit), comply with certain restrictions, or who hold certain positions. Virginia shall issue a CHP to applicants 21 years of age or older, provided that they meet certain safety training requirements and do not have any disqualifying criminal convictions. Consuming an alcoholic beverage in ABC on - premises licensed restaurants and clubs, while carrying a concealed handgun, is prohibited; nor may any person carry a concealed handgun in a public place while under the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs. Any person permitted to carry a concealed firearm may not carry one in such manner in a public place while intoxicated. Possession of a firearm can compound the penalty for various other offenses, including illegal drug possession. Open carry while intoxicated is not addressed in the law and can presumed to be legal unless otherwise specified. Title: Lars Pearson Passage: Lars Pearson (born 1973, in Iowa) is an American writer, editor, and journalist. He is the owner/publisher of Mad Norwegian Press, a publishing company specializing in reference guides to television shows including "Buffy the Vampire Slayer", "Angel" and "Doctor Who", plus the "Faction Paradox" range of novels and comic books. He is also co-author, with Lance Parkin, of "Ahistory: An Unauthorized History of the Doctor Who Universe," which puts every Doctor Who-related story onto a single timeline from the beginning of the universe to its end. Title: Gun laws in Iowa Passage: A Permit To Acquire (PTA), obtained from the sheriff of the county of the applicant's residence, is required when purchasing or otherwise acquiring a handgun, either from a dealer or from a private party. A Permit To Acquire shall be issued to qualified applicants aged 21 or older. The PTA becomes valid three days after the date of application, and is valid for one year. A PTA is not required when purchasing an antique handgun, defined as one made in or before 1898 and including post-1898 replicas of matchlock, flintlock, or percussion cap pistols.	[ "Lars Pearson", "Gun laws in Iowa" ]
What's the name of the son of the composer of All Together Now?	James McCartney	[]	Title: United States House of Representatives Passage: The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they compose the legislature of the United States. Title: All Together Now Passage: "All Together Now" is a song by the Beatles written primarily by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney. The song was recorded during the band's "Magical Mystery Tour" period, but remained unreleased until it was included on the "Yellow Submarine" soundtrack. It was released as a single in 1972 in European countries such as France and Germany, backed by "Hey Bulldog". Title: Close At Hand Passage: Close At Hand is the second EP by James McCartney, son of Paul and Linda McCartney. The EP was produced by David Kahne and Paul McCartney, and released on .	[ "Close At Hand", "All Together Now" ]
What was depicted on the banners of the religious group strongly opposing the idea of Neoplatonism in the First crusade?	a red cross on a white field	[ "Red Cross" ]	Title: Zīnah al-Sādāt Humāyūnī Passage: When Banu Amin opened one of the country's first religious seminary for women in Iran in the 1960s, the Maktab-e Fatimah of Isfahan, Zīnah al-Sādāt Humāyūnī became its director and remained in that position until 1992. Apparently, the establishment of the maktab was first and foremost Humāyūnī's idea. She made key administrative decisions and devised the study program. Title: Red Passage: Surveys show that red is the color most associated with courage. In western countries red is a symbol of martyrs and sacrifice, particularly because of its association with blood. Beginning in the Middle Ages, the Pope and Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church wore red to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs. The banner of the Christian soldiers in the First Crusade was a red cross on a white field, the St. George's Cross. According to Christian tradition, Saint George was a Roman soldier who was a member of the guards of the Emperor Diocletian, who refused to renounce his Christian faith and was martyred. The Saint George's Cross became the Flag of England in the 16th century, and now is part of the Union Flag of the United Kingdom, as well as the Flag of the Republic of Georgia. Title: Materialism Passage: In contrast, Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, taught: "There is no such thing as immaterial matter. All spirit is matter, but it is more fine or pure, and can only be discerned by purer eyes; We cannot see it; but when our bodies are purified we shall see that it is all matter." This spirit element has always existed; it is co-eternal with God. It is also called "intelligence" or "the light of truth", which like all observable matter "was not created or made, neither indeed can be". Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints view the revelations of Joseph Smith as a restoration of original Christian doctrine, which they believe post-apostolic theologians began to corrupt in the centuries after Christ. The writings of many[quantify] of these theologians indicate a clear influence of Greek metaphysical philosophies such as Neoplatonism, which characterized divinity as an utterly simple, immaterial, formless, substance/essence (ousia) that transcended all that was physical. Despite strong opposition from many Christians, this metaphysical depiction of God eventually became incorporated into the doctrine of the Christian church, displacing the original Judeo-Christian concept of a physical, corporeal God who created humans in His image and likeness.	[ "Materialism", "Red" ]
Who started the Bethel branch of the religion founded by the black community in the city that used to be the US capitol?	Bishop Francis Asbury	[ "Francis Asbury" ]	Title: Philadelphia Passage: The state government left Philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to Washington, DC in 1800 with completion of the White House and Capitol. The city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. Before 1800, its free black community founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black Episcopal Church. The free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of Quakers. New York City soon surpassed Philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, Philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the United States. Title: United States Capitol Passage: Prior to establishing the nation's capital in Washington, D.C., the United States Congress and its predecessors had met in Philadelphia (Independence Hall and Congress Hall), New York City (Federal Hall), and a number of other locations (York, Pennsylvania; Lancaster, Pennsylvania; Maryland State House in Annapolis, Maryland; and Nassau Hall in Princeton, New Jersey). In September 1774, the First Continental Congress brought together delegates from the colonies in Philadelphia, followed by the Second Continental Congress, which met from May 1775 to March 1781. Title: Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church Passage: The church was organized by African - American members of St. George's Methodist Church who walked out due to racial segregation in the worship services. Mother Bethel was one of the first African - American churches in the United States, dedicated July 29, 1794, by Bishop Francis Asbury. On October 12, 1794, Reverend Robert Blackwell announced that the congregation was received in full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1816 Rev Richard Allen brought together other black Methodist congregations from the region to organize the new African Methodist Episcopal Church denomination. He was elected bishop of this denomination. After the American Civil War, its missionaries went to the South to help freedmen and planted many new churches in the region.	[ "Philadelphia", "United States Capitol", "Mother Bethel A.M.E. Church" ]
What percentage of students in Edward McKeever's alma mater feel they are Christian?	more than 93%	[]	Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance, as it exists in its current form, was composed in August 1892 by Francis Bellamy (1855 -- 1931), who was a Baptist minister, a Christian socialist, and the cousin of socialist utopian novelist Edward Bellamy (1850 -- 1898). There did exist a previous version created by Rear Admiral George Balch, a veteran of the Civil War, who later become auditor of the New York Board of Education. Balch's pledge, which existed contemporaneously with the Bellamy version until the 1923 National Flag Conference, read: Title: Lutsel K'e Dene School Passage: Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC). Title: Cyprus Passage: The majority of Cypriots receive their higher education at Greek, British, Turkish, other European and North American universities. It is noteworthy that Cyprus currently has the highest percentage of citizens of working age who have higher-level education in the EU at 30% which is ahead of Finland's 29.5%. In addition, 47% of its population aged 25–34 have tertiary education, which is the highest in the EU. The body of Cypriot students is highly mobile, with 78.7% studying in a university outside Cyprus. Title: Comprehensive school Passage: The percentage of students attending a Gesamtschule varies by Bundesland. In the State of Brandenburg more than 50% of all students attended a Gesamtschule in 2007, while in the State of Bavaria less than 1% did. Title: Rivermount College Passage: Rivermount College is a non-denominational, co-educational Christian College situated in Yatala, Queensland, Australia. The school serves students from Prep through to Year 12. Since its first year Rivermount College has expanded with not only extra staff, equipment and buildings but a diversity of cultures are included in the student population. Title: Edward McKeever Passage: A native of Texas, McKeever originally attended Notre Dame in 1930 and 1931 and transferred to Texas Tech University, where he played football from 1932 to 1934. He launched his coaching career in 1935 as backfield coach at Texas Tech, where he remained through 1938. In 1939 and 1940, McKeever was on Frank Leahy's staff at Boston College. He came to Notre Dame along with Leahy in 1941 and served as an assistant through 1943, and was named interim head coach in 1944 when Leahy entered the United States Navy. McKeever gained a spot in the Notre Dame record books by presiding over the worst defeat in school history, a 59–0 rout by Army. in 1945, McKeever moved on to Cornell as head coach, where he remained for two seasons. In 1947, he became head coach at the University of San Francisco and the following season served as head coach of the Chicago Rockets of the All-America Football Conference. In 1949, he joined the staff at Louisiana State University and in 1960 became general manager of the Boston Patriots. Title: University of Notre Dame Passage: The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. Collectively, Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There are multitudes of religious statues and artwork around campus, most prominent of which are the statue of Mary on the Main Building, the Notre Dame Grotto, and the Word of Life mural on Hesburgh Library depicting Christ as a teacher. Additionally, every classroom displays a crucifix. There are many religious clubs (catholic and non-Catholic) at the school, including Council #1477 of the Knights of Columbus (KOC), Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club, Muslim Student Association, Orthodox Christian Fellowship, The Mormon Club, and many more. The Notre Dame KofC are known for being the first collegiate council of KofC, operating a charitable concession stand during every home football game and owning their own building on campus which can be used as a cigar lounge. Fifty-seven chapels are located throughout the campus. Title: A Beacon of Hope Passage: A Beacon of Hope was a report issued by the United States Advisory Commission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs in 1963 on the Cold War exchange programs of the United States that brought foreign artists, educators and students to the United States, and sent American artists, educators and students overseas. Title: Ormiston College Passage: Ormiston College, located in Redland City, Queensland, Australia, is an independent, co-educational, non-denominational Christian school, for students from prep to year 12. The school also has an Early Learning Centre for children between 15 months and 5 years. The headmaster, (Brett Webster), currently enrolls over 600 Prep through year 7 students and over 700 Senior School students, and has a staff of over 150 teachers and support staff. Title: Syrian Canadians Passage: Syrians started immigrating to the Americas in the early part of the 1880s, the vast majority made South America their permanent home, a small percentage made their way to US, and an even smaller percentage settled in Canada. The overwhelming majority of Syrians who settled in Canada from the 1880s until the 1960s were of the Christian faith. The so - called Shepard of the lost flock, Saint Raphael Hawaweeny of Brooklyn, New York, came to Montreal in 1896 to help establish a Christian association called the Syrian Benevolent Society and then later on an Orthodox church in Montreal for the newly arrived Syrian faithful. Title: Private school Passage: Religiously affiliated and denominational schools form a subcategory of private schools. Some such schools teach religious education, together with the usual academic subjects to impress their particular faith's beliefs and traditions in the students who attend. Others use the denomination as more of a general label to describe on what the founders based their belief, while still maintaining a fine distinction between academics and religion. They include parochial schools, a term which is often used to denote Roman Catholic schools. Other religious groups represented in the K-12 private education sector include Protestants, Jews, Muslims and the Orthodox Christians. Title: University of Kansas Passage: KU's Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas. Established in 1993, its goal is to provide adults with the opportunity to complete college degrees. About 2,100 students attend the Edwards Campus, with an average age of 32. Programs available at the Edwards Campus include developmental psychology, public administration, social work, systems analysis, information technology, engineering management and design.	[ "Edward McKeever", "University of Notre Dame" ]
What country contains the largest base of shooting films and TV dramas in the country that grows most of the world's cotton?	PRC	[ "China", "People's Republic of China" ]	Title: A Boy in a Man's World Passage: A Boy in a Man's World is the second studio album by Mucky Pup. The album was recorded at Nevessa Productions and released in 1989 through Torrid Records and Roadrunner Records. The album features a re-recorded version of "U-Stink-But-I-♥-U," which the band had previously won a Bloom County songwriting contest with. The band would also shoot their first music video for this song. The album also features "Batman", a song based on an urban legend that also contains a snippet of the title theme to the 1966 "Batman" TV. Title: Zhejiang Passage: The eleven prefecture-level divisions of Zhejiang are subdivided into 90 county-level divisions (36 districts, 20 county-level cities, 33 counties, and one autonomous county). Those are in turn divided into 1,570 township-level divisions (761 towns, 505 townships, 14 ethnic townships, and 290 subdistricts). Hengdian belongs to Jinhua, which is the largest base of shooting films and TV dramas in China. Hengdian is called "China's Hollywood". Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: Hengdian World Studios Passage: Hengdian World Studios () is a film studio located in Hengdian, a Chinese town in the city of Dongyang, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province. It is the largest film studio in the world. The movie studio is operated by the privately owned Hengdian Group founded by Xu Wenrong. Sometimes called "Chinawood", Xu turned acres of farmland in central Zhejiang into one of the largest movie studios in Asia. Construction began in the mid-1990s and has been ongoing ever since with the possible recent addition of the replica of the Old Summer Palace. A film about extras working at the studio, "I Am Somebody", was released in China in 2015. Title: April Showers (2009 film) Passage: April Showers is a 2009 American independent drama film written and directed by Andrew Robinson. It is based on the Columbine High School shootings of which Robinson is a survivor. The film was shot at Plattsmouth High School in Plattsmouth, Nebraska in May 2008. Title: The Shouters Passage: The Shouters, or more properly the Shouters sect (呼喊派), is a label attached by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to an amorphous group within China that was targeted by the government first as counterrevolutionaries and subsequently as a criminal cult after incidents in Dongyang and Yiwu counties in Zhejiang province in February 1982. "The Shouters sect" became the object of waves of arrests in 1983 and again in 1995. Several 1983 publications with ties to the Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) accused the late expatriate Chinese Christian teacher Witness Lee (Li Changshou) of being the leader of "the Shouters sect" and of instigating the disorders. In practice, however, the appellation "the Shouters sect" has been applied far more broadly to many groups that pray openly and audibly and/or do not register or otherwise cooperate with the TSPM. There is considerable reason to doubt the veracity of the reports which led to the condemnation of "the Shouters sect" and the association of them with Witness Lee or the local churches, and the local churches distance themselves from the Shouters. Title: Cotton Passage: Current estimates for world production are about 25 million tonnes or 110 million bales annually, accounting for 2.5% of the world's arable land. China is the world's largest producer of cotton, but most of this is used domestically. The United States has been the largest exporter for many years. In the United States, cotton is usually measured in bales, which measure approximately 0.48 cubic meters (17 cubic feet) and weigh 226.8 kilograms (500 pounds). Title: Cotton Passage: The largest producers of cotton, currently (2009), are China and India, with annual production of about 34 million bales and 33.4 million bales, respectively; most of this production is consumed by their respective textile industries. The largest exporters of raw cotton are the United States, with sales of $4.9 billion, and Africa, with sales of $2.1 billion. The total international trade is estimated to be $12 billion. Africa's share of the cotton trade has doubled since 1980. Neither area has a significant domestic textile industry, textile manufacturing having moved to developing nations in Eastern and South Asia such as India and China. In Africa, cotton is grown by numerous small holders. Dunavant Enterprises, based in Memphis, Tennessee, is the leading cotton broker in Africa, with hundreds of purchasing agents. It operates cotton gins in Uganda, Mozambique, and Zambia. In Zambia, it often offers loans for seed and expenses to the 180,000 small farmers who grow cotton for it, as well as advice on farming methods. Cargill also purchases cotton in Africa for export. Title: Cotton Passage: Successful cultivation of cotton requires a long frost-free period, plenty of sunshine, and a moderate rainfall, usually from 600 to 1,200 mm (24 to 47 in). Soils usually need to be fairly heavy, although the level of nutrients does not need to be exceptional. In general, these conditions are met within the seasonally dry tropics and subtropics in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, but a large proportion of the cotton grown today is cultivated in areas with less rainfall that obtain the water from irrigation. Production of the crop for a given year usually starts soon after harvesting the preceding autumn. Cotton is naturally a perennial but is grown as an annual to help control pests. Planting time in spring in the Northern hemisphere varies from the beginning of February to the beginning of June. The area of the United States known as the South Plains is the largest contiguous cotton-growing region in the world. While dryland (non-irrigated) cotton is successfully grown in this region, consistent yields are only produced with heavy reliance on irrigation water drawn from the Ogallala Aquifer. Since cotton is somewhat salt and drought tolerant, this makes it an attractive crop for arid and semiarid regions. As water resources get tighter around the world, economies that rely on it face difficulties and conflict, as well as potential environmental problems. For example, improper cropping and irrigation practices have led to desertification in areas of Uzbekistan, where cotton is a major export. In the days of the Soviet Union, the Aral Sea was tapped for agricultural irrigation, largely of cotton, and now salination is widespread. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Foreign direct investment Passage: A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country. It is thus distinguished from a foreign portfolio investment by a notion of direct control. Title: New York City Passage: Many of the world's largest media conglomerates are also based in the city. Manhattan contained over 500 million square feet (46.5 million m2) of office space in 2015, making it the largest office market in the United States, while Midtown Manhattan, with nearly 400 million square feet (37.2 million m2) in 2015, is the largest central business district in the world.	[ "Zhejiang", "Hengdian World Studios", "Cotton", "The Shouters" ]
What is the average income in the county where San Antonio located?	$103,845	[]	Title: San Antonio, California Passage: San Antonio is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. It lies at an elevation of 56 feet (17 m). Title: San Antonio Spurs Passage: San Antonio Spurs 2017 -- 18 San Antonio Spurs season Conference Western Division Southwest Founded 1967 History Dallas Chaparrals (ABA) 1967 -- 1970, 1971 -- 1973 Texas Chaparrals (ABA) 1970 -- 1971 San Antonio Spurs (ABA) 1973 -- 1976 San Antonio Spurs (NBA) 1976 -- present Arena AT&T Center Location San Antonio, Texas Team colors Black, silver President Gregg Popovich General manager R.C. Buford Head coach Gregg Popovich Ownership Spurs Sports & Entertainment (Peter Holt, Chairman and CEO) Affiliation (s) Austin Spurs Championships 5 (1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2014) Conference titles 6 (1999, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2013, 2014) Division titles 22 (1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1990, 1991, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017) Retired numbers 8 (00, 6, 12, 13, 21, 32, 44, 50) Website www.nba.com/spurs Uniforms Home Away Third Title: Joint Base San Antonio Passage: Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA) is a United States military facility located in San Antonio, Texas, USA. The facility is under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force 502d Air Base Wing, Air Education and Training Command (AETC). The wing's three Mission Support Groups perform the installation support mission at the three bases that form JBSA. Title: Irving Allen Mathews Passage: Irving Allen Mathews (8 Apr 1917 Toledo, Ohio – 7 February 1994, San Antonio) was an American specialty retail executive, who devoted 41 years to Frost Bros., formerly of San Antonio, Texas. He also served as Board Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. Title: Dallol (woreda) Passage: Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda. Title: Willowgrove, Saskatoon Passage: Willowgrove is a primarily residential neighbourhood located in northeast Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It comprises a mix of mainly single-family detached houses and fewer multiple-unit dwellings. As of 2011, the area is home to 3,973 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a middle to high-income area, with an average family income of $96,002, an average dwelling value of $218,357 and a home ownership rate of 84.8%. Title: Household income in the United States Passage: Another common measurement of personal income is the mean household income. Unlike the median household income, which divides all households in two halves, the mean income is the average income earned by American households. In the case of mean income, the income of all households is divided by the number of all households. The mean income is usually more affected by the relatively unequal distribution of income which tilts towards the top. As a result, the mean tends to be higher than the median income, with the top earning households boosting it. Overall, the mean household income in the United States, according to the US Census Bureau 2014 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, was $72,641. Title: San Antonio River Walk Passage: The San Antonio River Walk (also known as Paseo del Río or simply as the River Walk) is a network of walkways along the banks of the San Antonio River, one story beneath the streets of San Antonio, Texas, USA. Lined by bars, shops, restaurants, nature, and public art, the River Walk is an important part of the city's urban fabric and a tourist attraction in its own right. Title: List of highest-income counties in the United States Passage: Rank County State Median Household Income Loudoun County Virginia $134,464 Howard County Maryland $120,941 Fairfax County Virginia $115,717 Hunterdon County New Jersey $113,684 5 Santa Clara County California $111,069 6 Arlington County Virginia $110,388 7 Douglas County Colorado $109,292 8 San Mateo County California $108,627 9 Morris County New Jersey $106,985 10 Williamson County Tennessee $106,054 11 Nassau County New York $105,870 12 Somerset County New Jersey $104,478 13 Marin County California $103,845 14 San Francisco County California $103,801 15 Delaware County Ohio $101,693 16 Forsyth County Georgia $100,909 17 Montgomery County Maryland $99,763 18 Calvert County Maryland $98,732 19 Prince William County Virginia $97,986 20 Stafford County Virginia $97,484 21 Putnam County New York $96,992 22 Anne Arundel County Maryland $96,483 23 Charles County Maryland $95,735 24 Rockwall County Texas $95,731 25 Middlesex County Massachusetts $95,249 Title: Museo Alameda Passage: The Museo Alameda was the largest Latino museum in the USA and the first formal Smithsonian affiliate outside of Washington D.C., located in the historic Market Square in Downtown San Antonio, Texas. In 1996, Secretary I. Michael Heyman of the Smithsonian Institution announced a physical presence of the Smithsonian in San Antonio and gave birth to the Smithsonian's affiliations program. In May of the same year, Governor George W. Bush signed a joint resolution of the Texas legislature establishing the Museo Alameda as the official State Latino Museum. Title: San Antonio Passage: San Antonio, Texas City City of San Antonio From top to bottom, left to right: Downtown San Antonio, Tower Life Building, San Antonio Riverwalk, Bexar County Courthouse, Tower of the Americas, Cathedral of San Fernando, The Alamo, Mission Concepcion Flag Seal Coat of arms Nickname (s): San Antone, S.A., River City, Alamo City, Military City USA Motto (s): Libertatis cunabula (Latin, Cradle of liberty) Location in Bexar County in the state of Texas San Antonio Location in Texas San Antonio San Antonio (the US) Show map of Texas Show map of the US Show all Coordinates: 29 ° 25 ′ N 98 ° 30 ′ W / 29.417 ° N 98.500 ° W / 29.417; - 98.500 Country United States State Texas Counties Bexar, Medina, Comal Foundation May 1, 1718 Incorporated June 5, 1837 Named for Saint Anthony of Padua Government Type Council - Manager Body San Antonio City Council Mayor Ron Nirenberg (I) City Manager Sheryl Sculley City Council List (show) Robert C. Treviño William ``Cruz ''Shaw Rebecca Viagran Rey Saldaña Shirley Gonzales Greg Brockhouse Ana Sandoval Manny Pelaez John Courage Clayton Perry Area City 465.4 sq mi (1,205.4 km) Land 460.93 sq mi (1,193.7 km) Water 4.5 sq mi (11.7 km) Elevation 650 ft (198 m) Population (2017) City 1,511,946 (7th) Density 3,241.76 / sq mi (1,238.2 / km) Metro 2,473,974 (24th) Demonym San Antonian Time zone CST (UTC − 6) Summer (DST) CDT (UTC − 5) Zip Codes 78201 - 66, 78268 - 70, 78275, 78278 - 80, 78283 - 89, 78291 - 99 Area codes 210 (majority), 830 (portions), 726 Interstates U.S. Routes Website www.SanAntonio.gov Title: San Antonio Gaelic Athletic Club Passage: San Antonio Gaelic Athletic Club ("Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Naomh Antaine"), or the San Patricios was formed in San Antonio, Texas in 2011. The SAGAC was conceived as an idea by a group of individuals, and was birthed as San Antonio’s first Gaelic football team. The group sought to reconnect to the land of their ancestry, to celebrate the sport and traditions of the Irish culture and to foster a community that would keep those traditions alive.	[ "List of highest-income counties in the United States", "San Antonio, California" ]
What is the population of Desmet in the state Philip Testerman was born?	1,089	[]	Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Philips Consumer Lifestyle Passage: Philips Consumer Lifestyle was formed in 2008 from the merger of Philips Consumer Electronics and Philips Domestic Appliances and Personal Care. Title: De Smet, South Dakota Passage: De Smet is a city in and the county seat of Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 1,089 at the 2010 census. Title: An Essay on the Principle of Population Passage: The book An Essay on the Principle of Population was first published anonymously in 1798, but the author was soon identified as Thomas Robert Malthus. The book predicted a grim future, as population would increase geometrically, doubling every 25 years, but food production would only grow arithmetically, which would result in famine and starvation, unless births were controlled. Title: Philip Testerman Passage: Philip Testerman (born January 12, 1927) was an American politician in the state of South Dakota. He was a member of the South Dakota State Senate and South Dakota House of Representatives. He was Assistant Minority Leader of the Senate from 1979 to 1980. Holding a high school education, he was a farmer and insurance agent. Title: Poodle Springs Passage: Poodle Springs is the eighth Philip Marlowe novel. It was started in 1958 by Raymond Chandler, who left it unfinished at his death in 1959. The four chapters he had completed, which bore the working title "The Poodle Springs Story", were subsequently published in "Raymond Chandler Speaking" (1962), a collection of excerpts from letters and unpublished writings. In 1988, on the occasion of the centenary of Chandler's birth, the crime writer Robert B. Parker was asked by the estate of Raymond Chandler to complete the novel. Title: Christiaan Huygens Passage: Christiaan Huygens was born on 14 April 1629 in The Hague, into a rich and influential Dutch family, the second son of Constantijn Huygens. Christiaan was named after his paternal grandfather. His mother was Suzanna van Baerle. She died in 1637, shortly after the birth of Huygens' sister. The couple had five children: Constantijn (1628), Christiaan (1629), Lodewijk (1631), Philips (1632) and Suzanna (1637). Title: World Population Foundation Passage: The World Population Foundation (WPF) was founded in 1987 in the Netherlands by Diana and Roy W. Brown. Their purpose was to create an organisation to draw attention to the effects of high birth rates and rapid population growth on maternal and infant mortality, communities and the environment, and to raise funds for population projects and programmes, with the ultimate aim of reducing world poverty and improving the quality of life of the world’s poorest people. Title: Prince William, Duke of Cambridge Passage: Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, (William Arthur Philip Louis; born 21 June 1982) is a member of the British royal family. He is the elder son of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Diana, Princess of Wales. Since birth, he has been second in the line to succeed his grandmother Elizabeth II, who is queen of the United Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth realms. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: List of English monarchs Passage: Name Portrait Arms Birth Marriages Death Claim Ref. Mary I Bloody Mary 19 July 1553 -- 17 November 1558 (5 years, 122 days) 18 February 1516 Greenwich Palace Daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon Philip II of Spain Winchester Cathedral 25 July 1554 No children 17 November 1558 St James's Palace Aged 42 Daughter of Henry VIII Third Succession Act (Jure uxoris) Philip 25 July 1554 -- 17 November 1558 (4 years, 116 days) 21 May 1527 Valladolid Son of Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire and Isabella of Portugal Mary I of England Winchester Cathedral 25 July 1554 No children 3 other marriages 7 children 13 September 1598 El Escorial Aged 71 Husband of Mary I Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain N / A Title: Philips Head, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: Philips Head, or Phillips Head, is a community in north-central Newfoundland of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It is in Division No. 8, in the Bay of Exploits, west of Lewisporte and north of Botwood. It is recognized by Statistics Canada as a designated place.	[ "De Smet, South Dakota", "Philip Testerman" ]
When was the last time the Olympics were held in the country that released Han Vodka?	1988	[]	Title: South Korea at the Olympics Passage: Games Host city Dates Nations Participants Events 1988 Summer Olympics Seoul 17 September -- 2 October 160 8,391 263 2018 Winter Olympics Pyeongchang 9 -- 25 February 92 2,952 102 Title: Baseball at the 2000 Summer Olympics Passage: Baseball at the 2000 Summer Olympics was the third time an Olympic baseball tournament had been held as a full medal sport, and the ninth time it had been part of the Summer Olympic Games in any capacity. It was held in Sydney, Australia from 17 September through to the bronze and gold medal games on 27 September. Two venues were used for the Games: the Sydney Baseball Stadium and Blacktown Olympic Park. For the first time in Olympic competition, professional baseball players were eligible to participate, though no active players from Major League Baseball were available. Title: Han Vodka Passage: Han Vodka is an 80 proof vodka from Korea made from barley, rice and "pure spring water". This smooth and clean tasting Vodka is made from barley and rice which is fermented and distilled in small batches. It is imported by Progressive Beverages located in Fullerton, California. Progressive Beverages also imports Han Soju which is a 48 proof Korean Soju. It is available in plain Soju form as well as 4 Soju based flavors: Citruss, Fire, Teq and Cane. You can find HAN Soju and flavors information at www.HANspirits.com. It is only available in the California Market at this time and is distributed by Young's Market Company, Inc. located in Tustin, California.	[ "Han Vodka", "South Korea at the Olympics" ]
Who did performer of Sad but True collaborate with?	San Francisco Symphony	[]	Title: Scorpions (band) Passage: The following year, the Scorpions had an artistic collaboration with the Berlin Philharmonic that resulted in a 10-song album named Moment of Glory. The album went a long way toward rebuilding the band's reputation after the harsh criticism of Eye II Eye. However, critics accused them of following on the coattails of Metallica's similar collaboration (S&M) with the San Francisco Symphony which had been released the previous year, even though the orchestra had first approached the Scorpions with the idea in 1995. Title: Mićo Vranješ Passage: Mićo Vranješ (Serbian Cyrillic: Мићо Врањеш ; born 8 September 1975 in Novi Sad) is a Serbian former football player. Title: Sad but True Passage: "Sad but True" is a song by American heavy metal band Metallica. It was released in February 1993 as the fifth and final single from their eponymous fifth album, "Metallica". The music video from the single was released in October, 1992. Title: Shoutout! Passage: Shoutout! is a teen music reality variety show broadcast by ABS-CBN in the Philippines. The show premiered November 29, 2010, and is hosted by the network's leading stars that include Erich Gonzales, Enchong Dee, Robi Domingo, Sam Concepcion, Arron Villaflor, and Empress Schuck. Joining the hosts are daily teen performers that alternate every week. At the end of the week, all performers collaborate on a Friday all-star cast called TGIF. Title: Christian Wagner Passage: Christian Wagner is an American film editor who has edited films such as "Face/Off" (1996) and "" (2000). He is also best known collaborating numerous times with film director Tony Scott, from the films "True Romance" (1993) to "Domino" (2005). Title: More, More, More Passage: "More, More, More" is a song written by Gregg Diamond and recorded by American disco artist Andrea True, who performed as part of her "Andrea True Connection" project. It was released in February 1976 and became her signature track and one of the most popular songs of the disco era. In the U.S., it reached number four on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and spent three weeks at number three on the "Cashbox" chart in July of that year. In Canada, it was a number-one hit. Title: Take It All Away Passage: Take It All Away is the debut major-label studio album from American pop rock singer-songwriter Ryan Cabrera, and was released in 2004 on Atlantic Records. From this album, three hit singles were released; "On the Way Down", "True", and "40 Kinds of Sadness". Title: Little Boy Sad Passage: "Little Boy Sad" is a song written by Wayne Walker and performed by Johnny Burnette. The song reached #12 on the UK Singles Chart and #17 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in 1961. The song appeared on his 1961 album, "Johnny Burnette Sings". Title: Title in Limbo Passage: Title in Limbo is an album by The Residents in collaboration with Renaldo and the Loaf, released in 1983 on Ralph Records. Guest performers include Snakefinger (guitar and violin), and vocalist Nessie Lessons. Title: Forgetting Sarah Marshall Passage: He flies back to Los Angeles and after a period of sadness and self - loathing, he begins working on his Dracula puppet comedy - rock opera, A Taste for Love. He sends an invitation to Rachel for the opening night performance. Although extremely hesitant at first, Rachel eventually decides to attend. After the performance Rachel congratulates Peter and tells him she's looking into attending school in the area. She leaves so Peter can bask in the success of his show, but quickly returns to Peter's dressing room to tell him she misses him. Peter tells her that he has missed her, too. The film ends as they embrace and kiss. Title: Novak Roganović Passage: Novak Roganović (Serbian Cyrillic: Hoвaк Poгaнoвић) (14 January 1932, in Senta – 4 February 2008, in Novi Sad) was a Serbian footballer. Title: Grant Heslov Passage: Grant Heslov (born May 15, 1963) is an American actor, film producer, screenwriter and director, known for his producing and writing collaborations with George Clooney, which have earned him three Academy Award nominations. As a co-producer of "Argo" (2012), he received the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2013. As an actor, he has appeared in films including "True Lies" (1994), "Black Sheep" (1996), "Enemy of the State" (1998) and "The Scorpion King" (2002), as well as performing supporting roles in several films made with Clooney.	[ "Scorpions (band)", "Sad but True" ]
What name is the Brahmaputra known in the country Balep Korkun hails from?	Tsangpo - Brahmaputra	[ "Brahmaputra River" ]	Title: Brahmaputra River Passage: The Brahmaputra (/ ˌbrɑːməˈpuːtrə / is one of the major rivers of Asia, a trans - boundary river which flows through China, India and Bangladesh. As such, it is known by various names in the region: Assamese: ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদ ('নদ' nôd, masculine form of 'নদী' nôdi ``river '') Brôhmôputrô (bɹɔɦmɔputɹɔ); Sanskrit: ब्रह्मपुत्र, IAST: Brahmaputra; Tibetan: ཡར ་ ཀླུངས ་ གཙང ་ པོ ་, Wylie: yar klung gtsang po Yarlung Tsangpo; simplified Chinese: 布拉马普特拉河; traditional Chinese: 布拉馬普特拉河; pinyin: Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé. It is also called Tsangpo - Brahmaputra (when referring to the whole river including the stretch within Tibet). The Manas River, which runs through Bhutan, joins it at Jogighopa, in India. It is the ninth largest river in the world by discharge, and the 15th longest. Title: Balep korkun Passage: Balep korkun is a type of bread that is consumed mainly in central Tibet. It is round, flat and relatively easy to make. The ingredients are tsampa (barley flour), water and baking powder. It is cooked in a frying pan. It has been described as similar in appearance to naan. Title: Damudya Upazila Passage: Damudya () is an upazila of Shariatpur District in the Division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Damudya Thana was established in 1975 and was converted into an upazila in 1982. It is named after its administrative center, the town of Damudya.	[ "Brahmaputra River", "Balep korkun" ]
What was the first year men's basketball was played at Donald Worster's alma mater?	1898	[]	Title: Donald Worster Passage: Donald Worster (born 1941) was the Hall Distinguished Professor of American History at the University of Kansas. He is one of the founders of, and leading figures in, the field of environmental history. In 2009, he was named to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. After retirement from University of Kansas, he became Distinguished Foreign Expert and senior professor in the School of History of Renmin University of China. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The KU men's basketball team has fielded a team every year since 1898. The Jayhawks are a perennial national contender currently coached by Bill Self. The team has won five national titles, including three NCAA tournament championships in 1952, 1988, and 2008. The basketball program is currently the second winningest program in college basketball history with an overall record of 2,070–806 through the 2011–12 season. The team plays at Allen Fieldhouse. Perhaps its best recognized player was Wilt Chamberlain, who played in the 1950s. Kansas has counted among its coaches Dr. James Naismith (the inventor of basketball and only coach in Kansas history to have a losing record), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Phog Allen ("the Father of basketball coaching"), Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Roy Williams of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee and former NBA Champion Detroit Pistons coach Larry Brown. In addition, legendary University of Kentucky coach and Basketball Hall of Fame inductee Adolph Rupp played for KU's 1922 and 1923 Helms National Championship teams, and NCAA Hall of Fame inductee and University of North Carolina Coach Dean Smith played for KU's 1952 NCAA Championship team. Both Rupp and Smith played under Phog Allen. Allen also coached Hall of Fame coaches Dutch Lonborg and Ralph Miller. Allen founded the National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC), which started what is now the NCAA Tournament. The Tournament began in 1939 under the NABC and the next year was handed off to the newly formed NCAA. Title: Domonic Jones Passage: Domonic Jones (born August 16, 1981) is an American former basketball player. He plays for RBC Verviers-Pepinster in Basketball League Belgium as of the 2011–12 season. He is 6'1", 205 pounds and switches between the point guard and shooting guard positions. Jones played college basketball at Virginia Commonwealth University where he was named the Colonial Athletic Association Men's Basketball Player of the Year in 2003–04.	[ "Donald Worster", "University of Kansas" ]
What UK county holds the district where the hill of Binsey is located?	county of Cumbria	[ "Cumbria" ]	Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Binsey Passage: Binsey is a hill on the northern edge of the Lake District in Cumbria, England. It is detached from the rest of the Lakeland hills, and thus provides a good spot to look out at the Northern and North Western Fells of the Lake District, as well as the coastal plain and, across the Solway Firth, Scotland. Snaefell on The Isle of Man is also visible on a clear day. It is the northernmost of the Wainwrights. Title: Hillier Moss Passage: Hillier Moss () is a wet, level, low-lying area, which has several small pools and extensive moss carpets, located north of Lenton Point in southeastern Signy Island, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Edward R. Hillier, a British Antarctic Survey medical officer and leader at Signy Research Station, 1967. Title: Starbucks Passage: The first Starbucks location outside North America opened in Tokyo, Japan, in 1996. On December 4, 1997, the Philippines became the third market to open outside North America with its first branch in the country located at 6750 Ayala Building in Makati City, Philippines. Starbucks entered the U.K. market in 1998 with the $83 million USD acquisition of the then 56 - outlet, UK - based Seattle Coffee Company, re-branding all the stores as Starbucks. In September 2002, Starbucks opened its first store in Latin America, at Mexico City. Currently, there are over 500 locations in Mexico and there are plans for the opening of up to 850 by 2018. Title: At Binsey, near Oxford Passage: At Binsey, near Oxford is a watercolour painting by the English Victorian artist George Price Boyce, who was associated with the Pre-Raphaelite art movement. Title: Plymouth Passage: South West England has a favoured location when the Azores High pressure area extends north-eastwards towards the UK, particularly in summer. Coastal areas have average annual sunshine totals over 1,600 hours. Title: Plymouth Passage: The Roland Levinsky building, the landmark building of the University of Plymouth, is located in the city's central quarter. Designed by leading architect Henning Larsen, the building was opened in 2008 and houses the University's Arts faculty. It has been consistently considered one of the UK's most beautiful university buildings. Title: University of Buckingham Passage: The University of Buckingham (UB) is a non-profit, private university in the UK and the oldest of the country's five private universities. It is located in Buckingham, England, and was founded as the University College at Buckingham (UCB) in 1973, admitting its first students in 1976. It was granted university status by royal charter in 1983. Buckingham offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees and doctoral degrees through five "schools" (or faculties) of study. Title: Natal Ridge Passage: Natal Ridge is a prominent snow-free terraced ridge forming part of the north boundary of the Two Step Cliffs massif located in the southeast portion of Alexander Island, Antarctica. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1993 in recognition of the geomorphological and biological surveys conducted by scientists from the University of Natal in the Mars Glacier party. Title: Mussoorie Passage: Mussoorie Hill Station View of Mussoorie from the top of Gun Hill Nickname (s): Queen of the Mountains; Queen of the Hills Mussoorie Location in Uttarakhand, India Coordinates: 30 ° 27 ′ N 78 ° 05 ′ E / 30.45 ° N 78.08 ° E / 30.45; 78.08 Coordinates: 30 ° 27 ′ N 78 ° 05 ′ E / 30.45 ° N 78.08 ° E / 30.45; 78.08 Country India State Uttarakhand District Dehradun Elevation 2,005.5 m (6,579.7 ft) Population (2011) Total 30,118 Languages Official Hindi, Garhwali Other Garhwali, Hindi, English Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN 248179 Vehicle registration UK 07, UK 09 Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides Passage: Principal photography began on June 14, 2010, in Hawaii. Filming was moved to California in August 2010, primarily at the Long Beach shore and a recreation of Whitecap Bay done in the Universal Studios backlot, as the original Hawaiian location on Halona Cove was plagued with strong tides. After a brief shoot in Puerto Rico, with locations in both Palomino Island and the Fort of San Cristóbal in San Juan, production moved to the United Kingdom in September, where principal photography wrapped on November 18 after 106 days of shooting. Locations included Hampton Court Palace in London, Knole House in Kent, and Old Royal Naval College at Greenwich. Interiors were shot at London's Pinewood Studios, and a replica of an 18th - century London street was built on the backlot alongside the soundstages. The producers also considered using New Orleans as a location. In October, security was breached at the UK site when a celebrity impersonator gained access to filming at the Old Royal Naval College by dressing up as Captain Jack. Title: Sirius Cliffs Passage: Sirius Cliffs () is a conspicuous isolated nunatak with steep rock cliffs all along its north face, located between Mount Lepus and Procyon Peaks on the south side of Millett Glacier, in Palmer Land, Antarctica. Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after the star Sirius in the constellation of Canis Major.	[ "Binsey", "Lake District" ]
In 2016, when did it snow in the city Tito visited when he saw the employer of Sinha Basnayake?	January 22 to January 24, 2016	[]	Title: January 2016 United States blizzard Passage: The January 2016 United States blizzard was a crippling and historic blizzard that produced up to 3 ft (91 cm) of snow in parts of the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast United States from January 22 to January 24, 2016. Evolving from a shortwave trough that formed in the Pacific Northwest on January 19, the system consolidated into a defined low - pressure area on January 21 over Texas. Regarding it as a ``potentially historic blizzard '', meteorologists indicated the storm could produce more than 2 ft (61 cm) of snow across a wide swath of the Mid-Atlantic region and could`` paralyze the eastern third of the nation''. Winter weather expert Paul Kocin described the blizzard as ``kind of a top - 10 snowstorm ''. Title: The Originals (season 4) Passage: The Originals, a one - hour American supernatural drama, was renewed for a fourth season by The CW on March 17, 2016, by The CW's President, Mark Pedowitz. The 2016 -- 17 United States television season debut of The Originals was pushed to midseason, which saw the fourth season premiere on March 17, 2017. It concluded on June 23, 2017, after 13 episodes. Title: Firelands Regional Medical Center Passage: Firelands Regional Medical Center (formerly known as Firelands Community Hospital) is a 227-bed not-for-profit medical center in Sandusky, Ohio, United States. The medical center had 9,678 admissions, 3,162 inpatient procedures, 7,704 outpatient surgeries, and its emergency department had 47,208 visits. Firelands Regional Medical Center is the only hospital in Erie County serving more than 10,000 inpatients and over 45,000 ER patients annually and is the largest year-round employer. The medical center is a level 3 trauma center and accredited by the American Osteopathic Association's Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program. Title: Snow Hill, North Carolina Passage: Snow Hill is a town in Greene County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 1,595 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Greene County and is part of the Greenville Metropolitan Area. Snow Hill hosts numerous tennis tournaments during the year. Snow Hill is home to the Green Ridge Racquet Club. Many junior players and adults travel to Snow Hill in order to play in the USTA (United States Tennis Association) Sanctioned tournaments. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: In the first post war years Tito was widely considered a communist leader very loyal to Moscow, indeed, he was often viewed as second only to Stalin in the Eastern Bloc. In fact, Stalin and Tito had an uneasy alliance from the start, with Stalin considering Tito too independent. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: Tito's visits to the United States avoided most of the Northeast due to large minorities of Yugoslav emigrants bitter about communism in Yugoslavia. Security for the state visits was usually high to keep him away from protesters, who would frequently burn the Yugoslav flag. During a visit to the United Nations in the late 1970s emigrants shouted "Tito murderer" outside his New York hotel, for which he protested to United States authorities. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: In 1966 an agreement with the Vatican, fostered in part by the death in 1960 of anti-communist archbishop of Zagreb Aloysius Stepinac and shifts in the church's approach to resisting communism originating in the Second Vatican Council, accorded new freedom to the Yugoslav Roman Catholic Church, particularly to catechize and open seminaries. The agreement also eased tensions, which had prevented the naming of new bishops in Yugoslavia since 1945. Tito's new socialism met opposition from traditional communists culminating in conspiracy headed by Aleksandar Ranković. In the same year Tito declared that Communists must henceforth chart Yugoslavia's course by the force of their arguments (implying an abandonment of Leninist orthodoxy and development of liberal Communism). The State Security Administration (UDBA) saw its power scaled back and its staff reduced to 5000. Title: Snow in Florida Passage: January 17, 2018: Snow and freezing rain is observed in portions of the Florida Panhandle. Snow fell in Crestview and DeFuniak Springs while freezing rain fell in Fort Walton Beach. Pensacola saw sleet which accumulated on grass and vehicles. The Bob Sikes Bridge to Pensacola Beach was closed due to ice. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: However, the NSA's report was completely disproved by Croatian experts. The report failed to recognize that Tito was a native speaker of the very distinctive local Kajkavian dialect of Zagorje. The acute accent, present only in Croatian dialects, which Tito is perfectly pronouncing, is the strongest proof of Tito's belonging to Kajkavian dialect. Title: Sinha Basnayake Passage: Son of the prominent lawyer Hema Henry Basnayake, QC; he was educated at the Royal College, Colombo and graduated with a first class in law from the University of Oxford. After qualifying as a barrister he joined the UN as a Legal Officer in the International Trade Law Branch of the Office of Legal Affairs, eventually becoming its Director. Appointed as a President's Counsel by the government of Sri Lanka, he has served in many committees of the UN. Title: Josip Broz Tito Passage: The court, however, explicitly made it clear that the purpose of the review was "not a verdict on Tito as a figure or on his concrete actions, as well as not a historical weighing of facts and circumstances". Slovenia has several streets and squares named after Tito, notably Tito Square in Velenje, incorporating a 10-meter statue. Title: Cape Timblón Passage: Cape Timblón is the conspicuous rocky cape forming the north extremity of Snow Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It is a northwest entrance point for Morton Strait. The area was visited by 19th century sealers.	[ "January 2016 United States blizzard", "Sinha Basnayake", "Josip Broz Tito" ]
What is the 1988 Tour, of the country sometimes known by another name, where the village of Purmerbuurt is located, an instance of?	Ronde van Nederland	[]	Title: 1988 Ronde van Nederland Passage: These are the results for the 28th edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 15 to August 20, 1988. The race started in Groningen (Groningen) and finished after 859 kilometres in Gulpen (Limburg). Title: Holland Passage: Holland North and South Holland (in orange) shown together within the Netherlands Country Netherlands Largest settlements List (show) Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Haarlem Zoetermeer Dordrecht Leiden Area Total 5,488 km (2,119 sq mi) Population (January 2017) Total 6,466,735 Density 1,200 / km (3,100 / sq mi) Demonym (s) Hollander Time zone CET (UTC + 1) Summer (DST) CEST (UTC + 2) Title: Purmerbuurt Passage: Purmerbuurt is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland in the polder the Purmer. It is part of the municipality of Purmerend, and is directly connected to the city of Purmerend by an Intersection. The village has its own church, de Purmerkerk. Purmerbuurt is surrounded by the Purmerbos. (Purmer forest)	[ "Holland", "1988 Ronde van Nederland", "Purmerbuurt" ]
What year did the voters of the state that Raleigh is a capital of once again vote for the party that dominated South Carolina's state legislature?	2008	[]	Title: Charleston, South Carolina Passage: Investment in the city continued. The William Enston Home, a planned community for the city's aged and infirm, was built in 1889. An elaborate public building, the United States Post Office and Courthouse, was completed by the federal government in 1896 in the heart of the city. The Democrat-dominated state legislature passed a new constitution in 1895 that disfranchised blacks, effectively excluding them entirely from the political process, a second-class status that was maintained for more than six decades in a state that was majority black until about 1930. Title: North Carolina Passage: North Carolina's party loyalties have undergone a series of important shifts in the last few years: While the 2010 midterms saw Tar Heel voters elect a bicameral Republican majority legislature for the first time in over a century, North Carolina has also become a Southern swing state in presidential races. Since Southern Democrat Jimmy Carter's comfortable victory in the state in 1976, the state had consistently leaned Republican in presidential elections until Democrat Barack Obama narrowly won the state in 2008. In the 1990s, Democrat Bill Clinton came within a point of winning the state in 1992 and also only narrowly lost the state in 1996. In the early 2000s, Republican George W. Bush easily won the state by over 12 points, but by 2008, demographic shifts, population growth, and increased liberalization in heavily populated areas such as the Research Triangle, Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, and Asheville, propelled Barack Obama to victory in North Carolina, the first Democrat to win the state since 1976. In 2012, North Carolina was again considered a competitive swing state, with the Democrats even holding their 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte. However, Republican Mitt Romney ultimately eked out a 2-point win in North Carolina, the only 2012 swing state that Obama lost, and one of only two states (along with Indiana) to flip from Obama in 2008 to the GOP in 2012. Title: Raleigh, North Carolina Passage: Raleigh (/ˈrɑːli/; RAH-lee) is the capital of the state of North Carolina as well as the seat of Wake County in the United States. It is the second most populous city in North Carolina, after Charlotte. Raleigh is known as the "City of Oaks" for its many oak trees, which line the streets in the heart of the city. The city covers a land area of 142.8 square miles (370 km2). The U.S. Census Bureau estimated the city's population to be 439,896 as of July 1, 2014. It is also one of the fastest-growing cities in the country. The city of Raleigh is named after Sir Walter Raleigh, who established the lost Roanoke Colony in present-day Dare County.	[ "Charleston, South Carolina", "Raleigh, North Carolina", "North Carolina" ]
When do stores stop selling alcohol in the state where Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge is located?	3 a.m.	[ "3 A.M." ]	Title: Tamarindo Wildlife Refuge Passage: The Tamarindo Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge of Costa Rica, part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, protects the estuary and river mouth of the Matapalo River near the Las Baulas National Marine Park. Title: Alcohol laws of Indiana Passage: In Indiana, alcohol may be sold only to those 21 years of age or older during the hours 7 a.m. to 3 a.m. Title: Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge Passage: The Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located three miles (5 km) east of Seymour, Indiana, on U.S. Route 50. Established in 1966, it comprises in its main area of eastern Jackson and western Jennings counties, and an additional in northwestern Monroe County, near Bloomington, Indiana, known as the "Restle Unit". It was established thanks to the selling of Federal Migratory Waterfowl Stamps, commonly known as Duck Stamps, by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. It was Indiana's first National Wildlife Refuge. The name comes from the Muscatatuck River, which means "land of winding waters".	[ "Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge", "Alcohol laws of Indiana" ]
what is the type of government in the country that provided the most legal immigrants in 2013 in the continent where Paraguay locates?	four - yearly elected presidential, unicameral representative democracy	[]	Title: Paraguay Passage: Paraguay (; ; , ), officially the Republic of Paraguay (; ), is a country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Although it is one of only two landlocked countries in South America (the other is Bolivia), the country has coasts, beaches and ports on the Paraguay and Paraná rivers that give exit to the Atlantic Ocean through the . Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as "Corazón de Sudamérica" ("Heart of South America"). Title: Politics of Ecuador Passage: The politics of Ecuador are multi-party. The central government polity is a four - yearly elected presidential, unicameral representative democracy. The President of Ecuador is head of state and head of government on a multi-party system, leading a cabinet with further executive power. Legislative power is not limited to the National Assembly as it may to a lesser degree be exercised by the executive which consists of the President convening an appointed executive cabinet. Subsequent acts of the National Assembly are supreme over Executive Orders where sufficient votes have been cast by the legislators. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. There is also constitutional republic Title: New York City Passage: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America. Amidst a resurgence of Puerto Rican migration to New York City, this population had increased to approximately 1.3 million in the metropolitan area as of 2013.	[ "Paraguay", "Politics of Ecuador", "New York City" ]
Since 1850, how much of the glaciation in the country where the composer of Paroxysmen was a citzen, has disappeared?	Forty percent	[]	Title: Citizenship Clause Passage: The reference to naturalization in the Citizenship Clause is to the process by which immigrants are granted United States citizenship. Congress has power in relation to naturalization under the Naturalization Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 4 of the Constitution. Title: Kleybolte Peninsula Passage: Kleybolte Peninsula is a heavily glaciated peninsula in northwestern Ellesmere Island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It juts into the Arctic Ocean. During Otto Sverdrup's expedition of 1899–1902, the peninsula was the northernmost point achieved. Title: Jan Garbarek Passage: Garbarek was born in Mysen, Norway, the only child of a former Polish prisoner of war, Czesław Garbarek, and a Norwegian farmer's daughter. He grew up in Oslo, stateless until the age of seven, as there was no automatic grant of citizenship in Norway at the time. When he was 21, he married Vigdis. He is the father of musician and composer Anja Garbarek. Title: Ach Gott, wie manches Herzeleid, BWV 58 Passage: ' (Ah God, how much heartbreak), ', is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the dialogue cantata in Leipzig for the Sunday after New Year's Day. Title: Alps Passage: High levels of precipitation cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas whereas in other, more arid regions, glaciers remain above about the 3,500 m (11,483 ft) level. The 1,817 square kilometres (702 sq mi) of the Alps covered by glaciers in 1876 had shrunk to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi) by 1973, resulting in decreased river run-off levels. Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared since 1850, and 30% of that in Switzerland. Title: Trinidad and Tobago passport Passage: The Oath of Citizenship or officially Oath of Allegiance, is a statement recited by individuals wishing to become citizens of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. Individuals who wish to become a citizen of Trinidad and Tobago do so through the Ministry of National Security's Citizenship and Immigration Section. The Oath of Allegiance is a mandatory step to becoming a citizen of Trinidad and Tobago. Title: Albano Carrisi Passage: Albano Carrisi (Italian: [alˈbaːno karˈriːzi]; born 20 May 1943), better known as Al Bano, is an Italian recording artist, actor, and winemaker. In 2016, he was awarded Albanian citizenship due to his close ties with the country. Title: Paroxysmen Passage: Paroxysmen ("Paroxysms"), opus 189, is a waltz composed by Johann Strauss II. It was dedicated to the Gentlemen Students of Medicine at Vienna University" on the occasion of a ball held in the Sofienbad-Saal in January 1857. A critic of the newspaper Fremden-Blatt commented on the waltz: "The day before yesterday the Medical Students' Ball opened the season in the Sofienbad-Saal, which made the ball especially interesting when one saw for the first time the new and sumptuously decorated locale. The dance hall is newly hung throughout with red and gold drapery, the ceiling very tastefully prepared. Little statues, surrounded by flowers and leaves, heighten the appeal of the decorations. The music was personally conducted by Strauss and his waltz 'Paroxysmen', written especially for this ball, belongs to his best compositions." Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Vienna Walzer Orchestra Passage: The Vienna Walzer Orchestra (German: Wiener Walzer Orchester) is a chamber orchestra based in Vienna, Austria that specializes in traditional Viennese waltzes, polkas, marches and operetta arias from composers such as: J. Strauss II, F. Lehár, C.M. Ziehrer, among others. Their concerts also always include performances by ballet dancers and opera singers. Title: Joseph Haydn Passage: Franz Joseph Haydn (; German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩] (listen); 31 March 1732 – 31 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet".Haydn spent much of his career as a court musician for the wealthy Esterházy family at their remote estate. Until the later part of his life, this isolated him from other composers and trends in music so that he was, as he put it, "forced to become original". Yet his music circulated widely, and for much of his career he was the most celebrated composer in Europe. Title: The Five Heartbeats Passage: Robert Townsend as Donald ``Duck ''Matthews: Duck hails from a poor family. He is The Five Heartbeats' co-founder and brother of fellow Heartbeat's member J.T. Matthews, and originally was only the composer and musician for the group. He is a permanent vocalist after Bobby disappears. He serves as the movie's narrator, with the film beginning as he reminisces about the group's career.	[ "Paroxysmen", "Alps", "Vienna Walzer Orchestra" ]
During the Pacific War, what did the people whose nation's cameras the CIPA DC-004 applies to, fail to capture?	defences at Kohima	[ "Kohima" ]	Title: Kodak DCS 400 series Passage: The Kodak DCS 400 series was a series of Nikon based digital SLR cameras with sensor and added electronics produced by Eastman Kodak. It was part of Kodak's DCS (Digital Camera System) line. Title: Film speed Passage: The CIPA DC-004 standard requires that Japanese manufacturers of digital still cameras use either the REI or SOS techniques, and DC-008 updates the Exif specification to differentiate between these values. Consequently, the three EI techniques carried over from ISO 12232:1998 are not widely used in recent camera models (approximately 2007 and later). As those earlier techniques did not allow for measurement from images produced with lossy compression, they cannot be used at all on cameras that produce images only in JPEG format. Title: National Comics Publications Passage: Despite the official names ``National Comics ''and`` National Periodical Publications'', the company began branding itself as ``Superman - DC ''as early as 1940, and it became known colloquially as DC Comics for years before the official adoption of that name in 1977. Title: Digital single-lens reflex camera Passage: A digital single - lens reflex camera (also called digital SLR or DSLR) is a digital camera that combines the optics and the mechanisms of a single - lens reflex camera with a digital imaging sensor, as opposed to photographic film. The reflex design scheme is the primary difference between a DSLR and other digital cameras. In the reflex design, light travels through the lens, then to a mirror that alternates to send the image to either the viewfinder or the image sensor. The traditional alternative would be to have a viewfinder with its own lens, hence the term ``single lens ''for this design. By using only one lens, the viewfinder of a DSLR presents an image that will not differ substantially from what is captured by the camera's sensor. A DSLR differs from non-reflex single - lens digital cameras in that the viewfinder presents a direct optical view through the lens, rather than being captured by the camera's image sensor and displayed by a digital screen. Title: Israel Passage: Since Israel's capture of these territories, Israeli settlements and military installations have been built within each of them. Israel has applied civilian law to the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem and granted their inhabitants permanent residency status and the ability to apply for citizenship. The West Bank, outside of the Israeli settlements within the territory, has remained under direct military rule, and Palestinians in this area cannot become Israeli citizens. Israel withdrew its military forces and dismantled the Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip as part of its disengagement from Gaza though it continues to maintain control of its airspace and waters. The UN Security Council has declared the annexation of the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem to be "null and void" and continues to view the territories as occupied. The International Court of Justice, principal judicial organ of the United Nations, asserted, in its 2004 advisory opinion on the legality of the construction of the Israeli West Bank barrier, that the lands captured by Israel in the Six-Day War, including East Jerusalem, are occupied territory. Title: Party Shot Passage: Party Shot is the new line of Sony camera decks. It tilts and spins, and pans, to capture party and social gathering pictures at random. It uses face and smile recognition to help it make the best choices. Title: Pacific War Passage: The Japanese responded to the Allied attacks by launching an offensive of their own into India in the middle of March, across the mountainous and densely forested frontier. This attack, codenamed Operation U-Go, was advocated by Lieutenant General Renya Mutaguchi, the recently promoted commander of the Japanese Fifteenth Army; Imperial General Headquarters permitted it to proceed, despite misgivings at several intervening headquarters. Although several units of the British Fourteenth Army had to fight their way out of encirclement, by early April they had concentrated around Imphal in Manipur state. A Japanese division which had advanced to Kohima in Nagaland cut the main road to Imphal, but failed to capture the whole of the defences at Kohima. During April, the Japanese attacks against Imphal failed, while fresh Allied formations drove the Japanese from the positions they had captured at Kohima. Title: Sony Alpha 37 Passage: The Sony α37 or Sony Alpha 37 (model name SLT-A37) is a single-lens reflex style digital camera that replaced the SLT-A35 in 2012. However, the Alpha 37 camera features an electronic viewfinder and a translucent mirror. The main advantage of a translucent mirror is that it needn't flip up out of the way when taking a picture in order to expose the sensor, but the camera can focus and capture images simultaneously. Also the viewfinder can be used while video recording or stills/video playback, which is useful for example in bright sunlight. The camera's 15-point autofocus system can be set to single, continuous or automatic and is arranged towards the centre. The 7 fps burst mode is available only in "speed priority" mode but can reach up to 5.5 fps burst rate in combination with any other settings. The A37 is compatible with Sony Bravia Televisions. Title: Kodak EasyShare Passage: Kodak EasyShare is a sub brand of Eastman Kodak Company products identifying a consumer photography system of digital cameras, snapshot thermal printers, snapshot thermal printer docks, all-in-one inkjet printers, accessories, camera docks, software, and online print services. The brand was introduced in 2001. The brand is no longer applied to all-in-one inkjet printers (now branded "ESP") or online printing services (now simply "Kodak Gallery"). Thermal snapshot printers and printer docks product lines have been discontinued. In 2012, Kodak stopped manufacturing and selling all digital cameras and photo frames. Title: Photron Passage: Photron is an international company that manufactures high-speed digital cameras based in Tokyo, Japan, with offices in San Diego, California & United Kingdom. The Photron FASTCAM cameras are used for capturing high speed images and playing these images in slow motion. Use of a High-speed camera can be found in a broad variety of industries. A few of the industries include: flow visualization, flame propagation, ballistics, firearm studies, material science, weapon development, biological science, biophysics, vehicle impact studies (crash safety), manufacturing, mining, automotive, and scientific research. Title: Third Crusade Passage: The Third Crusade (1189 -- 1192), also known as The Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad - Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb). The campaign was largely successful in capturing the important cities of Acre and Jaffa, and reversing most of Saladin's conquests, but it failed to capture Jerusalem, the emotional and spiritual motivation of the Crusade. Title: Film speed Passage: The ISO standard ISO 12232:2006 gives digital still camera manufacturers a choice of five different techniques for determining the exposure index rating at each sensitivity setting provided by a particular camera model. Three of the techniques in ISO 12232:2006 are carried over from the 1998 version of the standard, while two new techniques allowing for measurement of JPEG output files are introduced from CIPA DC-004. Depending on the technique selected, the exposure index rating can depend on the sensor sensitivity, the sensor noise, and the appearance of the resulting image. The standard specifies the measurement of light sensitivity of the entire digital camera system and not of individual components such as digital sensors, although Kodak has reported using a variation to characterize the sensitivity of two of their sensors in 2001.	[ "Film speed", "Pacific War" ]
Who is the explorer who accurately mapped the coasts of the continent Gelderland is located and the region the WINEP bundled the countries of Northwest Africa?	Piri Reis	[]	Title: Tiësto in Concert Passage: Tiësto in Concert is a DVD and Blu-ray of Tiësto's concert on May 10, 2003, at the Gelredome in Arnhem, Gelderland, Netherlands, when he performed before an audience of over 25,000 people,the concert was divided into parties with live performances of groups, bands and artists representaror to a country which, in turn representing a continent in the following order: In the presentasion Tiesto intro followed by live performance by singer Andain presented to Britain, Europe, a group of carnival Sanba presented to Brazil, South America, the singer's live performance and band Dinand Woesthoff Star Spangled Banner presented to the United States of America, North America, the Chinese group I play the theme Tiësto in Concert Asia presented to China, Asia after the live performance by singer Jan Johnston, after the live performance of Omar Ka & Fula Band presented to Africa in general, and finally the live performance of Jerry de Jonge & Beijerink Presented to Australia, Oceania. Title: Piri Reis map Passage: The Piri Reis map is a world map compiled in 1513 from military intelligence by the Ottoman admiral and cartographer Piri Reis (pronounced (piɾi ɾeis)). Approximately one third of the map survives; it shows the western coasts of Europe and North Africa and the coast of Brazil with reasonable accuracy. Various Atlantic islands, including the Azores and Canary Islands, are depicted, as is the mythical island of Antillia and possibly Japan. Title: Near East Passage: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65.	[ "Tiësto in Concert", "Piri Reis map", "Near East" ]
How many square miles is the largest city in Oklahoma?	620.34 square miles	[]	Title: Oklahoma Passage: In descending order of population, Oklahoma's largest cities in 2010 were: Oklahoma City (579,999, +14.6%), Tulsa (391,906, −0.3%), Norman (110,925, +15.9%), Broken Arrow (98,850, +32.0%), Lawton (96,867, +4.4%), Edmond (81,405, +19.2%), Moore (55,081, +33.9%), Midwest City (54,371, +0.5%), Enid (49,379, +5.0%), and Stillwater (45,688, +17.0%). Of the state's ten largest cities, three are outside the metropolitan areas of Oklahoma City and Tulsa, and only Lawton has a metropolitan statistical area of its own as designated by the United States Census Bureau, though the metropolitan statistical area of Fort Smith, Arkansas extends into the state. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 620.34 square miles (1,606.7 km2), of which, 601.11 square miles (1,556.9 km2) of it is land and 19.23 square miles (49.8 km2) of it is water. The total area is 3.09 percent water.	[ "Oklahoma City", "Oklahoma" ]
Who did Joaquin Andujar's team play in the world series last year?	Los Angeles Dodgers	[ "Robins", "LAD", "Brooklyn Robins", "Dodgers" ]	Title: Joaquín Andújar Passage: Joaquín Andújar (; December 21, 1952 – September 8, 2015) was a Dominican professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Houston Astros, St. Louis Cardinals, and Oakland Athletics from 1976 through 1988. Andújar was a four-time MLB All-Star and a Gold Glove Award winner. Title: 2017 World Series Passage: The 2017 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2017 season. The 113th edition of the World Series, it was played between October 24 and November 1. The series was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the American League (AL) champion Houston Astros. It was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the World Series presented by YouTube TV. Title: Andy Roddick Passage: In 2015, Roddick played for the Austin Aces in World Team Tennis. This was his eighth season in World Team Tennis and the fifth team for which he has played. He was also the 2015 Champion of the QQQ Champions Series; a feat that he repeated again in 2017.	[ "2017 World Series", "Joaquín Andújar" ]
When did the former judge of American Idol, who was accused of being mean and cruel, announce that he would quit?	January 11, 2010	[]	Title: American Idol Passage: In season eight, Latin Grammy Award-nominated singer–songwriter and record producer Kara DioGuardi was added as a fourth judge. She stayed for two seasons and left the show before season ten. Paula Abdul left the show before season nine after failing to agree terms with the show producers. Emmy Award-winning talk show host Ellen DeGeneres replaced Paula Abdul for that season, but left after just one season. On January 11, 2010, Simon Cowell announced that he was leaving the show to pursue introducing the American version of his show The X Factor to the USA for 2011. Jennifer Lopez and Steven Tyler joined the judging panel in season ten, but both left after two seasons. They were replaced by three new judges, Mariah Carey, Nicki Minaj and Keith Urban, who joined Randy Jackson in season 12. However both Carey and Minaj left after one season, and Randy Jackson also announced that he would depart the show after twelve seasons as a judge but would return as a mentor. Urban is the only judge from season 12 to return in season 13. He was joined by previous judge Jennifer Lopez and former mentor Harry Connick, Jr.. Lopez, Urban and Connick, Jr. all returned as judges for the show's fourteenth and fifteenth seasons. Title: Pia Toscano Passage: Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of "American Idol". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in "American Idol" history. Title: Jon Stevens Passage: Jon Stevens (born 8 October 1961) is a New Zealand singer of Māori descent. Stevens is the brother of New Zealand Idol judge, Frankie Stevens. He is best known for his work with "Noiseworks" and "Jesus Christ Superstar". Title: American Idol Passage: On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted "The American Idol Experience" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a "finals" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a "Dream Ticket" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014. Title: American Idol Passage: Some of the later writers about the show were more positive, Michael Slezak, again of Entertainment Weekly, thought that "for all its bloated, synthetic, product-shilling, money-making trappings, Idol provides a once-a-year chance for the average American to combat the evils of today's music business." Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism". Pop music critic Ann Powers nevertheless suggested that Idol has "reshaped the American songbook", "led us toward a new way of viewing ourselves in relationship to mainstream popular culture", and connects "the classic Hollywood dream to the multicentered popular culture of the future." Others focused on the personalities in the show; Ramin Setoodeh of Newsweek accused judge Simon Cowell's cruel critiques in the show of helping to establish in the wider world a culture of meanness, that "Simon Cowell has dragged the rest of us in the mud with him." Some such as singer John Mayer disparaged the contestants, suggesting that those who appeared on Idol are not real artists with self-respect. Title: American Idol (season 11) Passage: The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save. Title: American Idol Passage: Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers. Title: American Idol Passage: Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs". Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: The Sun (United Kingdom) Passage: On 6 February 2015, it was announced that Judge Richard Marks is to be replaced by Judge Charles Wide at the retrial. Two days earlier, Marks had emailed counsel for the defendants telling them: "It has been decided (not by me but by my elders and betters) that I am not going to be doing the retrial". Reporting the decision in UK newspaper The Guardian, Lisa O’Carroll wrote: "Wide is the only judge so far to have presided in a case which has seen a conviction of a journalist in relation to allegations of unlawful payments to public officials for stories. The journalist, who cannot be named for legal reasons, is appealing the verdict". Defence counsel for the four journalists threatened to take the decision to judicial review, with the barrister representing Pharo, Nigel Rumfitt QC, saying: "The way this has come about gives rise to the impression that something has been going on behind the scenes which should not have been going on behind the scenes and which should have been dealt with transparently". He added that the defendants were "extremely concerned" and "entitled" to know why Marks was being replaced by Wide. Title: Judge Da Boss Passage: Robert Louis Carr III (born May 3, 1985), better known by his stage name Judge Da Boss, is an American rapper born in Phoenix, Arizona. On July 23, 2014, it was announced that Judge signed to Louder Than Life/Sony Records. Title: Heartland (The Judds album) Passage: Heartland is the third studio album released by RCA Records in 1987 by the American country music duo The Judds. It features the singles "Don't Be Cruel" (a cover of the Elvis Presley song), "Turn It Loose", and "I Know Where I'm Going". The album was released in Europe under the title "Give a Little Love", as a 15-track compilation. It reached number 1 on England's country album charts in 1987, soon after The Judds toured there.	[ "American Idol" ]
What weekly publication, in the birthplace of Steven Segaloff, is issued by Harvard's most intense rival?	Yale Herald	[]	Title: Steven Segaloff Passage: Steven C. Segaloff (born July 21, 1970 in New Haven, Connecticut) is an American rowing cox. He finished 5th in the men's eight at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Title: New Haven, Connecticut Passage: New Haven is served by the daily New Haven Register, the weekly "alternative" New Haven Advocate (which is run by Tribune, the corporation owning the Hartford Courant), the online daily New Haven Independent, and the monthly Grand News Community Newspaper. Downtown New Haven is covered by an in-depth civic news forum, Design New Haven. The Register also backs PLAY magazine, a weekly entertainment publication. The city is also served by several student-run papers, including the Yale Daily News, the weekly Yale Herald and a humor tabloid, Rumpus Magazine. WTNH Channel 8, the ABC affiliate for Connecticut, WCTX Channel 59, the MyNetworkTV affiliate for the state, and Connecticut Public Television station WEDY channel 65, a PBS affiliate, broadcast from New Haven. All New York City news and sports team stations broadcast to New Haven County. Title: Harvard University Passage: The Harvard Crimson competes in 42 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division I Ivy League. Harvard has an intense athletic rivalry with Yale University culminating in The Game, although the Harvard–Yale Regatta predates the football game. This rivalry, though, is put aside every two years when the Harvard and Yale Track and Field teams come together to compete against a combined Oxford University and Cambridge University team, a competition that is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world.	[ "New Haven, Connecticut", "Harvard University", "Steven Segaloff" ]
Where in the state where Danebod is located does the Snake River start?	southern Aitkin County	[ "Aitkin County" ]	Title: Blizzard Mountain Ski Area Passage: Blizzard Mountain Ski Area is a modest ski area in the western United States, in central Idaho. It is located in the southern tip of the Pioneer Mountains in southwestern Butte County, southwest of Arco. The elevation of its lift-served summit is above sea level, with a vertical drop of on a treeless, northeast-facing slope. The summit offers a sweeping view of the vast Snake River Plain to the east, south, and west. Title: Saint Charles River Passage: The Saint Charles River () is a branch of the Saint Lawrence River that starts in Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec. The river divides the Grande-Île and the Island of Salaberry, which are located approximately 50km east of Montreal. The river is 8km long, and drops 24m over its course from Lake Saint Francis east to Lake Saint-Louis. Title: Wind River (Yukon) Passage: The Wind River is a river in Yukon, part of the Peel River watershed. It lies to the west of the Bonnet Plume and Snake Rivers. Title: Bend of the River Passage: Bend of the River is a 1952 American Technicolor Western film directed by Anthony Mann and starring James Stewart, Arthur Kennedy, Julie Adams, and Rock Hudson. Based on the 1950 novel "Bend of the Snake" by Bill Gulick, the film is about a tough cowboy who risks his life to deliver confiscated supplies to homesteaders after gold is discovered in the region. "Bend of the River" was filmed on location in Sandy River, Mount Hood and Timberline, Oregon. This is the second Western film collaboration between Anthony Mann and James Stewart. Title: Danebod Passage: Danebod (pronounced "DAHN-a-bo", or "DAN-a-bo") is a historic district at the south edge of the railway town of Tyler in southwestern Minnesota. Founded in 1885 by Danish Evangelical Lutherans led by Rev. Hans Jørgen Pedersen (1851–1905), the district comprises a group of buildings dating back to 1888 from Minnesota's oldest Danish immigrant settlement. Danebod remains until this day a predominantly Danish Lutheran, close-knit religious community. An annual celebration named Æbleskiver Days, held on the fourth weekend of July, celebrates Danish heritage and culture and includes a parade that goes down the town's main street with floats that are made by the various Danebod neighborhoods. Title: Rodd Island Passage: Rodd Island is a island on the Parramatta River in Sydney, Australia. It lies in the centre of Iron Cove, between the suburbs of Drummoyne, Russell Lea, Rodd Point, Haberfield and Leichhardt. It is located west of the Sydney Harbour upstream and the Harbour Bridge. Today the island is uninhabited, and forms part of the Sydney Harbour National Park. The island has had various other names over its history: Rabbit Island, Rhode Island, Snake Island and Jack Island. Title: Nyssa, Oregon Passage: Nyssa is a city in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. The population was 3,267 at the 2010 census. The city is located along the Snake River on the Idaho border, in the region of far eastern Oregon known as the "Treasure Valley". It is part of the Ontario, OR–ID Micropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Snake River (St. Croix River tributary) Passage: The Snake River with its tributaries drains a 1,009 square miles (2,610 km) area of Aitkin, Kanabec, Mille Lacs and Pine counties. After initially flowing southward from its headwaters in southern Aitkin County, the Snake flows through Kanabec County, turning eastward near Mora, Minnesota, following a minor fault line. It drains into the St. Croix River 13 miles (21 km) east of Pine City, Minnesota. Title: Yellow-bellied sea snake Passage: Hydrophis platurus, commonly known as the yellow - bellied sea snake, yellowbelly sea snake or pelagic sea snake, is a species of snake from the subfamily Hydrophiinae (the sea snakes) found in tropical oceanic waters around the world, excluding the Atlantic Ocean. It was the only member of the genus Pelamis but recent molecular evidence suggests that it is more closely related to the species of the genus Hydrophis. Title: Spring Garden, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania Passage: Spring Garden is an unincorporated community in Salisbury Township in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located at the intersection of Pennsylvania Route 340 and Snake Lane/Spring Garden Road. Title: Fall River (Wyoming, Idaho) Passage: Fall River rises on the Madison and Pitchstone plateaus in the southwest corner of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming and flows approximately to its confluence with the Henrys Fork of the Snake River near Ashton, Idaho. Historically, the river was referred to as the Middle Fork of the Snake River or as Fall River or the Falls River by trappers and prospectors as early as the 1830s. It was officially named the Falls River by the 1872 Hayden Geological Survey, but was always called Fall River by the locals and so the U.S. Board on Geographic Names changed the official name to Fall River in 1997 at the request of Idaho authorities. The river is home to numerous waterfalls and cascades in its upper reaches. Title: Green Snake Passage: A storm takes place while Fat-hoi goes into the forest and he attacks two Snake spirits. But after he noticed that they were only preventing rain from hitting a woman giving birth, he also releases them. Again, he is haunted by sins of the human mind, primarily the female body. The two snakes, White Snake (Joey Wong) and Green Snake (Maggie Cheung), are later seen on the rooftop of a festival where Green Snake participates while White Snake eyes a local scholar Hsui Xien (Wu Hsing-Kuo). The two have been training for many centuries to take human form and experience the love, freedom and wisdom that is supposedly only available to humans. White Snake is the more experienced one and proceeds to get engaged to Hsui Xien, with whom she plans to have a child which would complete her passage into the mortal realm; Green Snake is the younger and more impulsive of the two sisters but she is not yet quite convinced of the benefits of the human world. They both move into their magically created house and start a successful medical practice in the town. Other than Hsui Xien's visit, the two gets another visit unexpectedly from a buffoonish Taoist whom Green Snake leaves the household to take care of. Because of White Snake's beautiful charms, Hsui Xien, once known as the toughest and most dedicated scholar of the village, is starting to lose his reputation.	[ "Danebod", "Snake River (St. Croix River tributary)" ]
Who is We Belong Together, by the performer of Music Box, about?	Tommy Mottola	[]	Title: We Belong Together Passage: The song's music video was filmed as a two - part story with ``It's Like That '', which featured Carey at her bachelorette party. The video for`` We Belong Together'' is a continuation focusing on Carey's wedding to an older and powerful man and ends with the singer eloping with her ex-lover. Rumors arose of the video's connection to her 1993 marriage to Tommy Mottola. Carey performed the song on several award shows and television appearances around the world, namely MTV Movie Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Macy's Fourth of July Parade, The Oprah Winfrey Show and the 48th Grammy Awards. In Europe the song was performed at the Live 8 charity concert, the Fashion Rocks in Monaco, and the German Bambi Awards. Carey performed the song on both her Adventures of Mimi and Angels Advocate Tours. Title: Music Box (Mariah Carey album) Passage: Music Box is the third studio album by American singer Mariah Carey. It was released by Columbia Records on August 31, 1993, in North America. The album comprises ballads primarily co-written by Carey and Walter Afanasieff, with whom she had previously worked on "Emotions" (1991), and a few urban dance tracks. During the course of the album's development, Carey wanted to broaden her audience, choosing a more pop/R&B oriented sound. During this time frame, she experimented with different musical instruments, leading the album's sound away from her more contemporary previous two efforts. Two unused tracks from the album sessions were released as B-sides: "Do You Think of Me" and "Everything Fades Away". Title: Crooked Earth Passage: Crooked Earth is a 2001 New Zealand film directed by Sam Pillsbury and starring Temuera Morrison. The film opened to negative reviews and performed poorly at the box office.	[ "We Belong Together", "Music Box (Mariah Carey album)" ]
Who presents the central budget in the assembly by whom the speaker of lok sabha is elected?	the Finance Minister of India	[ "IND", "in", "IN", "India", "Bharat", "Republic of India" ]	Title: Speaker of the Lok Sabha Passage: The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the Speaker chosen from amongst the members of the Lok Sabha, and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance. Title: Union budget of India Passage: The Union Budget of India, also referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in the Article 112 of the Constitution of India, is the annual budget of the Republic of India. The Government presents it on the first day of February so that it could be materialized before the commencement of new financial year in April. Till 2016 it was presented on the last working day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament. The budget, which is presented by means of the Finance bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by both the Houses before it can come into effect from April 1, the start of India's financial year. Title: Betul (Lok Sabha constituency) Passage: Betul Lok Sabha constituency () is one of the 29 Lok Sabha constituencies in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It covers the entire Betul and Harda districts and part of Khandwa district.	[ "Union budget of India", "Speaker of the Lok Sabha" ]
What song did the artist who wrote lyrics for Shape of You write for Justin Bieber?	``Love Yourself ''	[ "Love Yourself" ]	Title: What Do You Mean? Passage: ``What Do You Mean? ''is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album Purpose (2015). The song was released on August 28, 2015, as the album's lead single by Def Jam. Written by Bieber, Jason`` Poo Bear'' Boyd and Mason Levy, the song was produced by MdL and co-produced by Bieber. ``What Do You Mean? ''is a pop and tropical house song, with its instrumentation consisting in light flourishes of panpipes, looped vocal samples, piano chords, fervent synths, bass and`` slick beat'' elements with the sound of a clock ticking, while Bieber uses a smooth, soulful vocal. Lyrically, ``What Do You Mean? ''describes not being able to figure out the opposite sex with Bieber asking a girl why her body language is conflicting with her words. Title: Nice Work If You Can Get It (song) Passage: The music was written by George Gershwin, the lyrics by Ira Gershwin. It was one of nine songs George Gershwin wrote for the movie A Damsel in Distress, in which it was performed by Fred Astaire with backing vocals provided by The Stafford Sisters. The song was published in 1937. Title: Taylor Swift (album) Passage: Taylor Swift is the debut studio album by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift, released on October 24, 2006, by Big Machine Records. Swift was 16 years old at the time of the album's release and wrote its songs during her freshman year of high school. Swift has writing credits on all of the album's songs, including those co-written with Liz Rose. Swift experimented with several producers, ultimately choosing Nathan Chapman, who had produced her demo album. Musically, the album is country music styled, and lyrically it speaks of romantic relationships, a couple of which Swift wrote from observing relationships before being in one. Lyrics also touch on Swift's personal struggles in high school. Title: Too Marvelous for Words Passage: ``Too Marvelous for Words ''is a popular song written in 1937. Johnny Mercer wrote the lyrics for music composed by Richard Whiting. It was featured in the 1937 Warner Brothers film Ready, Willing and Able, as well as a production number in a musical revue on Broadway. the song has become a pop standard and has been recorded by many artists. Title: Shape of You Passage: ``Shape of You ''is a song by English singer - songwriter Ed Sheeran. It was released as a digital download on 6 January 2017 as one of the double lead singles from his third studio album ÷ (2017), along with`` Castle on the Hill''. Title: Curve (band) Passage: Curve was an English alternative rock and electronica duo from London, formed in 1990 and split in 2005. The band consisted of Toni Halliday (vocals, occasionally guitar) and Dean Garcia (bass, guitar, drums, programming). Halliday also wrote the lyrics of their songs and they both contributed to songwriting. An important collaborator was producer Alan Moulder, who helped them to shape their blend of heavy beats and densely layered guitar tracks set against Halliday's vocals. Title: Judy, min vän Passage: "Judy, min vän" was composed by Englishman Roger Wallis, living in Sweden since the early 1960s, originally with English lyrics and entitled "Dear Mrs. Jones". Lyricist Britt Lindeborg subsequently translated and re-wrote the Swedish lyrics specifically for the Swedish pre-selections, and then changed the title to "Judy, min vän". Both versions of the song were released as singles in Sweden. Title: Taps Passage: ``Taps ''is a bugle call - a signal, not a song. As such, there is no associated lyric. Many bugle calls had words associated with them as a mnemonic device but these are not lyrics. A Horace Lorenzo Trim wrote a set of words intended to accompany the music: Title: You'll Be Back Passage: ``You'll Be Back ''is the seventh song from Act 1 of the musical Hamilton, based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin - Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. It is sung by Jonathan Groff in the show's original cast recording. Title: Justin Bieber Passage: Justin Drew Bieber (/ ˈbiːbər /; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer, actor and songwriter. After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and he signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, My World, in late 2009. It was certified platinum in the U.S. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100. Bieber released his first full - length studio album, My World 2.0, in 2010. It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single ``Baby ''. Title: Justin Bieber Passage: Justin Drew Bieber (/ ˈbiːbər /; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, My World, in late 2009. It was certified Platinum in the U.S. He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100. Bieber released his first full - length studio album, My World 2.0, in 2010. It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple Platinum in the U.S., and contained his single ``Baby ''. Title: Love Yourself Passage: ``Love Yourself ''is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album Purpose (2015). The song was released first as a promotional single on November 8, 2015, and later was released as the album's third single. It was written by Ed Sheeran, Benny Blanco and Bieber, and produced by Blanco. An acoustic pop song,`` Love Yourself'' features an electric guitar and a brief flurry of trumpets as its main instrumentation. During the song, Bieber uses a husky tone in the lower registers. Lyrically, the song is a kiss - off to a narcissistic ex-lover who did the protagonist wrong.	[ "Love Yourself", "Shape of You" ]
Where doe the large A380 go after the city where Bénédicte Dorfman-Luzuy was born?	transported to the Toulouse assembly plant	[ "Toulouse" ]	Title: Qantas Passage: BULLET::::- On 4 November 2010, Qantas Flight 32, an Airbus A380 registered VH-OQA, fitted with four Rolls-Royce Trent 972 engines, suffered an uncontained turbine disc failure of its left inboard engine shortly after taking off from Singapore Changi Airport en route to Sydney. The aircraft returned to Singapore and landed safely, and all 440 passengers and 29 crew on board were uninjured. Title: Albert Dorfman Passage: Dorfman was a member of the National Academy of Sciences, Director of the La Rabida University, Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics of the University of Chicago, Director of the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. Mental Retardation Research Center, Richard T. Crane Distinguished Service Professor of Pediatrics and Biochemistry. Title: Philadelphia Passage: During the last decade, Philadelphia experienced a large shift in its age profile. In 2000, the city's population pyramid had a largely stationary shape. In 2013, the city took on an expansive pyramid shape, with an increase in the three millennial age groups, 20 to 24, 25 to 29, and 30 to 34. The city's 25- to 29-year-old age group was the city's largest age cohort. According to the 2010 Census, 343,837 (22.5%) were under the age of 18; 203,697 (13.3%) from 18 to 25; 434,385 (28.5%) from 25 to 44; 358,778 (23.5%) from 45 to 64; and 185,309 (12.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.5 years. For every 100 females there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males. The city had 22,018 births in 2013, down from a peak 23,689 births in 2008. Philadelphia's death rate was at its lowest in at least a half-century, 13,691 deaths in 2013. Another factor attributing to the population increase is Philadelphia's immigration rate. In 2013, 12.7 percent of residents were foreign-born, just shy of the national average, 13.1 percent. Title: Bénédicte Dorfman-Luzuy Passage: Bénédicte Dorfman-Luzuy (born 2 December 1970 in Bordeaux) is a French rower. She is married to fellow rower Xavier Dorfman. Title: Georgian architecture Passage: The late Georgian period saw the birth of the semi-detached house, planned systematically, as a suburban compromise between the terraced houses of the city and the detached "villas" further out, where land was cheaper. There had been occasional examples in town centres going back to medieval times. Most early suburban examples are large, and in what are now the outer fringes of Central London, but were then in areas being built up for the first time. Blackheath, Chalk Farm and St John's Wood are among the areas contesting being the original home of the semi. Sir John Summerson gave primacy to the Eyre Estate of St John's Wood. A plan for this exists dated 1794, where "the whole development consists of pairs of semi-detached houses, So far as I know, this is the first recorded scheme of the kind". In fact the French Wars put an end to this scheme, but when the development was finally built it retained the semi-detached form, "a revolution of striking significance and far-reaching effect". Title: Lab Rats Challenge Passage: In contrast to other Australian children's game shows such as "Sharky's Friends", "A*mazing", and "Go Go Stop", which are filmed on a large set in front of a live studio audience, "Lab Rats Challenge" uses several smaller sets resembling an abandoned science laboratory as well as special effects sequences inserted in post-production. It is filmed in Brisbane's Channel 9 studio on Mount Coot-tha, Queensland. Title: Engine Alliance GP7000 Passage: GP7000 A GP7270 installed on an Airbus A380. Type Turbofan Manufacturer Engine Alliance First run April 2004 Major applications Airbus A380 Unit cost $13.5 million (2006 USD) Developed from General Electric GE90 Pratt & Whitney PW4000 Title: Boekenhoutfontein Passage: Today Kruger is commemorated through the restored house of his birth near Bulhoek, his official residence in Pretoria (which is now the Kruger Museum), the simple cottage at Waterval Onder (Mpumalanga) where he lived before going into exile in Europe, the world-famous Kruger National Park and the name of the town Krugersdorp in Mogale City. However, nowhere are his love for the land and his friendly relationships with neighbouring black communities better illustrated than at Boekenhoutfontein, the farm he bought in 1859. The farm remained his property until his death, after which it was divided among three of his children. In 1971 it was declared a national monument. Title: Beyoncé Passage: On January 7, 2012, Beyoncé gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Blue Ivy Carter, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York. Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy. Title: Airbus Passage: Mirabel, Canada (A220)Airbus, however, has a number of other plants in different European locations, reflecting its foundation as a consortium. An original solution to the problem of moving aircraft parts between the different factories and the assembly plants is the use of the Airbus Beluga, a modified cargo aircraft capable of carrying entire sections of fuselage. This solution has also been investigated by Boeing, which retrofitted 4 747-400s to transport the components of the 787. An exception to this scheme is the A380, whose fuselage and wings are too large for sections to be carried by the Beluga. Large A380 parts are brought by ship to Bordeaux, and then transported to the Toulouse assembly plant by the Itinéraire à Grand Gabarit, a specially enlarged waterway and road route. Title: Irwin Dorfman Passage: Irwin Dorfman, , (1908–1993) was a Canadian lawyer from Winnipeg, Manitoba, eventually becoming senior counsel with the firm of Thompson Dorfman Sweatman. In addition to a busy legal practice in the areas of taxation and corporate matters, he was active in his community and in the profession. He served as President of the Law Society of Manitoba and as the national President of the Canadian Bar Association, the first Jewish president in the Association's history. Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year.	[ "Bénédicte Dorfman-Luzuy", "Airbus" ]
When did Baird cease showing its programs on the discussed network?	June 1932	[]	Title: Baird Independent School District Passage: Baird Independent School District is a public school district based in Baird, Texas (USA). In addition to Baird, the district also serves the town of Putnam. The district operates one high school, Baird High School. Title: Junkin' with Val and Dave Passage: Junkin' with Val and Dave was a television show which aired on the Turner South cable network. The program was Turner South's highest rated original production. Title: American Idol Passage: The show pushed Fox to become the number one U.S. TV network amongst adults 18–49, the key demographic coveted by advertisers, for an unprecedented eight consecutive years by 2012. Its success also helped lift the ratings of other shows that were scheduled around it such as House and Bones, and Idol, for years, had become Fox's strongest platform primetime television program for promoting eventual hit shows of the 2010s (of the same network) such as Glee and New Girl. The show, its creator Simon Fuller claimed, "saved Fox". Title: Teen Fit Camp Passage: Teen Fit Camp was an Australian reality show broadcast by Network Ten. It followed a group of overweight Australian teenagers chosen to participate in a special weight loss program. Title: BBC Television Passage: Baird Television Ltd. made Britain's first television broadcast, on 30 September 1929 from its studio in Long Acre, London, via the BBC's London transmitter, using the electromechanical system pioneered by John Logie Baird. This system used a vertically-scanned image of 30 lines – just enough resolution for a close-up of one person, and with a bandwidth low enough to use existing radio transmitters. Simultaneous transmission of sound and picture was achieved on 30 March 1930, by using the BBC's new twin transmitter at Brookmans Park. By late 1930, 30 minutes of morning programmes were broadcast Monday to Friday, and 30 minutes at midnight on Tuesdays and Fridays, after BBC radio went off the air. Baird broadcasts via the BBC continued until June 1932. Title: Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy Passage: In November 2006, the BBC's Newsnight program presented research by filmmaker Shane O'Sullivan alleging that several CIA officers were present on the night of the assassination. Three men who appear in films and photographs from the night of the assassination were positively identified by former colleagues and associates as former senior CIA officers who had worked together in 1963 at JMWAVE, the CIA's main anti-Castro station based in Miami. They were JMWAVE Chief of Operations David Morales, Chief of Maritime Operations Gordon Campbell and Chief of Psychological Warfare Operations George Joannides. However, several people who had known Morales, including family members, were adamant that he was not the man who O'Sullivan said was Morales. After O'Sullivan published his book, assassination researchers Jefferson Morley and David Talbot also discovered that Campbell had died of a heart attack in 1962, six years prior to the assassination of Kennedy. In response, O'Sullivan stated that the man on the video may have used Campbell's name as an alias. He then took his identifications to the Los Angeles Police Department whose files showed the men he identified as Campbell and Joannides to be Michael Roman and Frank Owens, two Bulova sales managers attending the company's convention in the Ambassador. O'Sullivan stood by his allegations stating that the Bulova watch company was a "well-known CIA cover". Title: The Mick Molloy Show Passage: The Mick Molloy Show was a television program that appeared on the Nine Network in Australia for just eight weeks during 1999. The host, Mick Molloy, was a widely acclaimed comedian from "The Late Show" and "Martin/Molloy". The program's running time (less commercial breaks) was approximately 1 hour 50 minutes. Title: The Hazel Scott Show Passage: The Hazel Scott Show was an early American television program broadcast on the now defunct DuMont Television Network. The series, hosted by Hazel Scott, ran during the summer of 1950, and is most notable for being one of the first U.S. network television series to be hosted by any person of African descent. Title: Report Card for Parents Passage: Report Card for Parents was a DuMont Television Network panel discussion show on child behavior which aired Mondays at 8pm ET from December 1, 1952, to February 2, 1953. Title: Rove (TV series) Passage: Rove, originally titled Rove Live, was an Australian television variety show, that featured live music performances and interviews with local and international celebrity guests. The program premiered on the Nine Network on 22 September 1999, before moving to Network Ten which aired the program from 2000 until November 2009. The show was hosted by comedian Rove McManus through his production company Roving Enterprises, and featured an ensemble cast who presented various segments throughout the course of the show. The show won the Logie Award for "Most Popular Light Entertainment Program" five times (2002, 2003, 2005, 2007 and 2009). Title: The PTL Club Passage: During its final days , "The PTL Club", which adopted a talk show format, was the flagship television program of the Bakkers' PTL Satellite Network. Title: The Nation with David Speers Passage: The Nation with David Speers is an Australian television program on Sky News Australia. The program discusses political issues of the week with a panel of political contributors, moderated by host David Speers. The weekly program was one of two shows hosted by Speers, the other being the four-times weekly "PM Agenda".	[ "BBC Television", "Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy" ]
Who founded the chain of music-themed restaurants that first opened in the city where Just the Tattoo of Us was filmed?	Peter Morton	[]	Title: Twisters Passage: Twisters is a New Mexican cuisine restaurant chain from the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico, which was founded in 1998. Title: Nando's Passage: Nando's is an international casual dining restaurant chain originating in South Africa. Founded in 1987, Nando's operates about 1,000 outlets in 30 countries. Title: Arnold Schwarzenegger Passage: Schwarzenegger was a founding celebrity investor in the Planet Hollywood chain of international theme restaurants (modeled after the Hard Rock Cafe) along with Bruce Willis, Sylvester Stallone and Demi Moore. Schwarzenegger severed his financial ties with the business in early 2000. Schwarzenegger said the company had not had the success he had hoped for, claiming he wanted to focus his attention on "new US global business ventures" and his movie career. Title: Isaac Tigrett Passage: On June 14, 1971 he and Peter Morton started the first Hard Rock Café (HRC) restaurant in London's fashionable Mayfair district. The restaurant combined rock music, memorabilia related to rock 'n' roll and American cuisine. Title: Jack in the Box Passage: Jack in the Box is an American fast-food restaurant chain founded February 21, 1951, by Robert O. Peterson in San Diego, California, where it is headquartered. The chain has 2,200 locations, primarily serving the West Coast of the United States. Restaurants are also found in selected large urban areas outside the West Coast, including Phoenix, Denver, Albuquerque, El Paso, Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston, Austin, San Antonio, Baton Rouge, Nashville, Charlotte, St. Louis, Indianapolis, and Cincinnati as well as one in Guam. The company also formerly operated the Qdoba Mexican Grill chain until Apollo Global Management bought the chain in December 2017. Title: Raising Cane's Chicken Fingers Passage: Raising Cane's Restaurants is a fast - food restaurant chain specializing in chicken fingers, that was founded in Baton Rouge, Louisiana by Todd Graves and Craig Silvey on August 26, 1996. While company headquarters remain in Louisiana, a second restaurant support office was opened in Plano, Texas in 2009. Title: Jack in the Box Passage: Jack in the Box is an American fast - food restaurant chain founded February 21, 1951, by Robert O. Peterson in San Diego, California, where it is headquartered. The chain has 2,200 locations, primarily serving the West Coast of the United States and selected large urban areas in the eastern portion of the US including Texas and the Charlotte metropolitan area. The company also formerly operated the Qdoba Mexican Grill chain until Apollo Global Management bought the chain in December 2017. Title: Bubba Gump Shrimp Company Passage: In 1995, Paramount Pictures approached Rusty Pelican Restaurants Inc. with a desire to create a restaurant based on a theme from Paramount's 1994 film Forrest Gump. The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. was created as a result. Within a year the Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. created a concept idea for the restaurant chain which was then licensed by Paramount Licensing, Inc. In 1996, the first Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. restaurant was opened in Monterey, California; its success led to its franchising on an international scale. Title: Just Tattoo of Us Passage: The show follows Charlotte Crosby and Stephen Bear as they open the doors to the 'Just Tattoo of Us' tattoo parlour in London. In each episode, pairs of friends, family members or couples enter the parlour and explain to Bear and Crosby their relationship and the reasoning behind entering the show. They then individually visit the tattoo artist who has created a design for the other person based on a brief previously sent in. However, in this parlour, everyone who arrives will be getting a tattoo but will not have any say in what it is, as it will be designed by their friend, partner or family member who they came with, and the same will be done the other way round. After the designs are finished, everyone comes together for the reveal where the tattoos are finally seen. The participants then give their feedback on their tattoo, and Crosby and Bear also share their opinions. Title: Tudor's Biscuit World Passage: Tudor's Biscuit World is a restaurant chain and franchise based in Huntington, West Virginia, most commonly found in West Virginia. Many West Virginia locations share a building with Gino's Pizza and Spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than Gino's (which is exclusive to West Virginia), having locations in southern Ohio, eastern Kentucky, and southwestern Virginia. In 2016 a franchise was opened in Panama City, Florida. Title: London Passage: London has numerous venues for rock and pop concerts, including the world's busiest arena the o2 arena and other large arenas such as Earls Court, Wembley Arena, as well as many mid-sized venues, such as Brixton Academy, the Hammersmith Apollo and the Shepherd's Bush Empire. Several music festivals, including the Wireless Festival, South West Four, Lovebox, and Hyde Park's British Summer Time are all held in London. The city is home to the first and original Hard Rock Cafe and the Abbey Road Studios where The Beatles recorded many of their hits. In the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, musicians and groups like Elton John, Pink Floyd, David Bowie, Queen, The Kinks, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Eric Clapton, Led Zeppelin, The Small Faces, Iron Maiden, Fleetwood Mac, Elvis Costello, Cat Stevens, The Police, The Cure, Madness, The Jam, Dusty Springfield, Phil Collins, Rod Stewart and Sade, derived their sound from the streets and rhythms vibrating through London. Title: Tim Hortons Passage: Initially, the US stores were the result of natural expansion in Canada -- U.S. border areas (e.g., stores in Maine and the Buffalo, New York area where Horton played from 1972 to 1974 as a member of the Buffalo Sabres). The first United States locations were opened in Deerfield Beach, Florida and Pompano Beach, Florida in 1981, but they proved unsuccessful and were closed. In 1985, the chain returned to the US with a location on Niagara Falls Boulevard in the Buffalo suburb of Amherst, New York. Starting in the mid-1990s, however, the chain began expanding in the US by acquiring former locations from fast food chains. In 1996 and 1997, thirty - seven former Rax Restaurants locations in Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia were bought by Wendy's International Inc.; 30 of these were converted to Tim Hortons, while the others became Wendy's franchise locations. Thirty - five closed Hardee's stores in the Detroit area were also purchased with the intention of being converted. By 2004, the chain had also acquired 42 Bess Eaton coffee and doughnut restaurants situated in southern New England. Several combination Wendy's / Tim Hortons units were opened in the US; both in the ``traditional ''markets of Maine and Buffalo, where there were well over 180 locations as of 2011, and in the markets entered through acquisition.	[ "London", "Isaac Tigrett", "Just Tattoo of Us" ]

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