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How many times did the team Gene Roberts played with win the world series?	8	[]	Title: 2005 World Series Passage: Neither team advanced to the post-season in 2006, but the 2006 World Series again featured teams from the American League Central and National League Central divisions, this time represented by the Detroit Tigers and the St. Louis Cardinals, respectively. The Cardinals won the World Series in five games, in which manager Tony La Russa became the second manager to win the World Series in both American and National leagues, previously managing the Oakland Athletics to the 1989 World Series championship. Both the White Sox and the Astros were in the Wild Card race until the final weeks of the season, with the White Sox finishing with 90 wins, the Astros with 82 wins. The White Sox made their first post-2005 playoff appearance in 2008, while the Astros would not return to the postseason until 2015, their third season as an American League team and would not return to the World Series until 2017, their fifth season as an American League team. Title: San Francisco Giants Passage: San Francisco Giants 2018 San Francisco Giants season Established in 1883 Based in San Francisco since 1958 Team logo Cap insignia Major league affiliations National League (1883 -- present) West Division (1969 -- present) Current uniform Retired numbers NY NY 11 20 24 27 30 36 44 42 Colors Orange, black, gold, cream Name San Francisco Giants (1958 -- present) New York Giants (1886 -- 1957) New York Gothams (1883 -- 1885) Other nicknames The Orange and Black, Los Gigantes, The G - Men, The Boys from the Bay Ballpark AT&T Park (2000 -- present) Candlestick Park (1960 -- 1999) Seals Stadium (1958 -- 1959) Hilltop Park (1911) Polo Grounds III (1891 -- 1957) Polo Grounds II (1889 -- 1890) St. George Cricket Grounds (1889) Oakland Park (1889) Polo Grounds I (1883 -- 1888) Major league titles World Series titles (8) 1905 1921 1922 1933 1954 2012 2014 NL Pennants (23) 1888 1889 1904 1905 1911 1912 1913 1917 1921 1922 1923 1924 1933 1936 1937 1951 1954 1962 1989 2002 2012 2014 West Division titles (8) 1971 1989 1997 2000 2003 2012 Wild card berths (3) 2002 2014 2016 Front office Owner (s) San Francisco Baseball Associates LLC Manager Bruce Bochy General Manager Bobby Evans President of Baseball Operations Brian Sabean Title: Morgan Hamm Passage: Morgan Carl Hamm (born September 24, 1982 in Washburn, Wisconsin) is an American artistic gymnast. He is an Olympic silver medalist in the team competition at the 2004 Olympics and a two-time Olympian (2000, 2004). He also was a member of the silver-medal winning team at the 2003 World Championships. Hamm was named to the 2008 Olympic team, but withdrew from it due to injury. Title: Pittsburgh Pirates Passage: The franchise joined the NL in its eighth season in 1887 and was competitive from its early years, winning three NL titles from 1901 to 1903, playing in the inaugural World Series in 1903 and winning their first World Series in 1909 behind Honus Wagner. The Pirates have had many ups and downs during their long history, most famously winning the 1960 World Series against the New York Yankees on a game - winning walk - off home run by Bill Mazeroski, the only time that Game 7 of the World Series has ever ended with a home run. They also won the 1971 World Series, led by the talent of Roberto Clemente, and the 1979 World Series under the slogan ``We Are Family '', led by`` Pops'' Willie Stargell. Title: Josh Larsen (speedway rider) Passage: Josh Larsen (born May 12, 1972) is a former American motorcycle speedway rider who was a member of the winning American 1993 Speedway World Team Cup team, rode in the 1994 World Individual Speedway Final and in the 1995 Speedway Grand Prix as permanent rider. Title: Davis Cup Passage: The Davis Cup is the premier international team event in men's tennis. It is run by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) and is contested annually between teams from competing countries in a knock - out format. It is described by the organisers as the ``World Cup of Tennis '', and the winners are referred to as the World Champion team. The competition began in 1900 as a challenge between Great Britain and the United States. By 2016, 135 nations entered teams into the competition. The most successful countries over the history of the tournament are the United States (winning 32 tournaments and finishing as runners - up 29 times) and Australia (winning 28 times, including four occasions with New Zealand as Australasia, and finishing as runners - up 19 times). The present champions are France, who beat Belgium to win their tenth title in 2017. Title: 2006 Eindhoven Team Time Trial Passage: The 2006 edition of the Eindhoven Team Time Trial was held June 18 in Eindhoven, Netherlands. It marked the second year of this UCI ProTour event, which is a team time trial competition between the world's elite professional cycling teams and consists of the eight riders for each team riding in unison against the clock. The team with the fastest time through the 48.6 km course based on the time of its first five riders wins the competition. Title: J.League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001 Passage: J-League Jikkyō Winning Eleven 2001 is a sports video game developed by Konami for the PlayStation exclusively in Japan on June 2001. It is an addition to the Winning Eleven J-League series, and the successor to the J-League Winning Eleven 2000. The game only features club teams (no national teams) and teams from both tiers of the J. League totalling 28 teams. The game also features seven foreign teams from the European football leagues.The game uses the ISS Pro Evolution 2 engine. Title: Chicago Cubs Passage: The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season. Title: Kenny Roberts Passage: Kenneth Leroy Roberts (born December 31, 1951 in Modesto, California) is an American former professional motorcycle racer and racing team owner. In 1978, he became the first American to win a Grand Prix motorcycle racing world championship. He was also a two-time winner of the A.M.A. Grand National Championship. Roberts is one of only four riders in American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) racing history to win the AMA Grand Slam, representing Grand National wins at a mile, half-mile, short-track, TT Steeplechase and road race events. Title: Gene Roberts (American football) Passage: Roberts left the Giants in 1950 and played in the Canadian Football League for the Montreal Alouettes in 1951 and the Ottawa Rough Riders from 1952 to 1954. Title: List of FIFA Club World Cup finals Passage: Barcelona and Real Madrid hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times each since its inception. Teams from Spain have won the tournament the most times, with six winners produced from that nation. The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the most successful confederation of the competition with ten titles earned by six of its clubs. The current champions are Real Madrid, who were defending champions and won their third title, following a 1 -- 0 win against Grêmio in the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final at the Zayed Sports City Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.	[ "Gene Roberts (American football)", "San Francisco Giants" ]
When did Wu'erkaixi's birthplace fall?	June 6	[]	Title: Demographics of the European Union Passage: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth - rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany has the lowest birth rate in Europe with 8.221 births per thousand people per year. Title: Full House Passage: In season two, Danny is reassigned from his duties as anchor by his television station to become co-host of a new local morning TV show, Wake Up, San Francisco, and is teamed up with Nebraska native Rebecca Donaldson. Jesse and Becky eventually fall in love and get married in season four. In season five, Becky gives birth to twin sons, Nicky and Alex. Title: Mule deer Passage: In addition to movements related to available shelter and food, the breeding cycle is important in understanding deer behavior. The ``rut ''or mating season usually begins in the fall as does go into estrus for a period of a few days and males become more aggressive, competing for mates. Does may mate with more than one buck and go back into estrus within a month if they did not become pregnant. The gestation period is about 190 -- 200 days, with fawns born in the spring, staying with their mothers during the summer and being weaned in the fall after about 60 -- 75 days. Mule deer females usually give birth to two fawns, although if it is their first time having a fawn, they often have just one. Title: Wu'erkaixi Passage: He was born in Beijing on February 17, 1968 with ancestral roots in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang. He achieved prominence while studying at Beijing Normal University as a hunger striker who rebuked Chinese Premier Li Peng on national television. He was one of the main leaders of the pro-reform Beijing Students' Autonomous Federation, and helped lead abortive negotiations with officials. Title: The Last of the Mohicans (1992 film) Passage: Despite the film taking place in upstate New York, according to the film credits, it was filmed mostly in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Locations used include Lake James, Chimney Rock Park and The Biltmore Estate. Some of the waterfalls that were used in the movie include Hooker Falls, Triple Falls, Bridal Veil Falls, and High Falls, all located in the DuPont State Recreational Forest. Another of these falls was Linville Falls, in the mountains of North Carolina. Scenes of Albany were shot in Asheville, NC at The Manor on Charlotte St. Title: North Boston, New York Passage: North Boston is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Boston in Erie County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the CDP population was 2,521. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Billington Heights, New York Passage: Billington Heights is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the towns of Elma and Aurora in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 1,685 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Eden (CDP), New York Passage: Eden is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 3,516 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the "Son of Heaven" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662. Title: Stafford Mills Passage: Stafford Mills is an historic textile mill complex located on County Street in Fall River, Massachusetts, USA. Founded in 1872, it is a well-preserved late-19th century textile complex, typical of the mills built in Fall River during its period of most rapid growth. It is noted in particular for its exceptionally fine Romanesque brick office building. The complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. Title: River Bend, West Virginia Passage: River Bend is an unincorporated community in the Upper Falls census-designated place in Kanawha County, in West Virginia, in the United States. Title: Nohkalikai Falls Passage: Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India. Its height is 1115 feet (340 metres). The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Nohkalikai Falls are fed by the rainwater collected on the summit of a comparatively small plateau and decrease in power during the dry season in December - February. Below the falls there has formed a plunge pool with unusual green colored water.	[ "Wu'erkaixi", "Qing dynasty" ]
What country is located in the region of the nation that has the Embassy of Italy in the city where Deng met his wife, that contains the chechen republic?	Azerbaijan	[ "az", "AZE" ]	Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo (French: République du Congo), also known as Congo, Congo Republic, West Congo[citation needed], or Congo-Brazzaville, is a country located in Central Africa. It is bordered by five countries: Gabon to the west; Cameroon to the northwest; the Central African Republic to the northeast; the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the east and south; and the Angolan exclave of Cabinda to the southwest. Title: Embassy of the Philippines, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of the Philippines in Washington, D.C. () is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United States. It is located at 1600 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C. It predates the independence of the Philippines, and is the oldest Philippine legation overseas, though the distinction of the first Philippine embassy proper overseas, belongs to the Philippine Embassy in Tokyo. Title: Nigerian passport Passage: Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate. Title: Vrezh Passage: The Vrezh (translated as "Vengeance" from Armenian) is thought to have been an underground militant movement reportedly created by Dashnak leadership in 1989 to fight Azerbaijan and authorities in Northern Caucasus by bombing civilian targets. Title: Chechnya Passage: Chechen Republic Чеченская Республика (Russian) Нохчийн Республика (Chechen) -- Republic -- Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Shatlak's Song Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E / 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E / 43.400; 45.717 Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E / 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E / 43.400; 45.717 Political status Country Russia Federal district North Caucasian Economic region North Caucasus Established January 10, 1993 Capital Grozny Government (as of January 2015) Head Ramzan Kadyrov Legislature Parliament Statistics Area (as of the 2002 Census) Total 17,300 km (6,700 sq mi) Area rank 75th Urban 32.1% Population (January 2016 est.) Total 1,395,678 Time zone (s) MSK (UTC + 03: 00) ISO 3166 - 2 RU - CE License plates 95 Official languages Russian; Chechen Official website Title: Embassy of Poland in Oslo Passage: The Embassy of Poland in Oslo is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Poland to the Kingdom of Norway, the ambassador, however, is also accredited to the Republic of Iceland. The chancery is located at Olav Kyrres Plass 1, Oslo. Title: Embassy of the United States, Jakarta Passage: The Embassy of the United States to the Republic of Indonesia is located in Jakarta just south of the Monas at Jalan Medan Merdeka Selatan. Title: Vedensky District Passage: Vedensky District (; , "Vedanan khoşt") is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Chechen Republic, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the rural locality (a "selo") of Vedeno. Population: 23,390 (2002 Census); The population of Vedeno accounts for 8.7% of the district's total population. Title: Embassy of Italy in Moscow Passage: The Embassy of the Republic of Italy in Moscow is the chief diplomatic mission of Italy in the Russian Federation. It is located at 5 Denezhny Lane () in the Khamovniki District of Moscow. Title: Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing Passage: The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Beijing (or British Embassy, Beijing) is the chief diplomatic mission of the United Kingdom in the People's Republic of China. It is one of Britain's largest overseas embassies. It is located at "11 Guang Hua Lu", in the Chaoyang District. The current British Ambassador to China is Barbara Woodward. Title: Deng Xiaoping Passage: Between 1927 and 1929, Deng lived in Shanghai, where he helped organize protests that would be harshly persecuted by the Kuomintang authorities. The death of many Communist militants in those years led to a decrease in the number of members of the Communist Party, which enabled Deng to quickly move up the ranks. During this stage in Shanghai, Deng married a woman he met in Moscow, Zhang Xiyuan. Title: Armenia–Singapore relations Passage: Armenia–Singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, Armenia and Singapore. Neither country has a resident ambassador. The Embassy of Armenia in Beijing, China is accredited to Singapore. Singapore has no representation in Armenia.	[ "Chechnya", "Deng Xiaoping", "Vrezh", "Embassy of Italy in Moscow" ]
what song did the composer of Imagine write with David Bowie?	``Fame ''	[]	Title: Sound and Vision Passage: "Sound and Vision" is a song and single by David Bowie which appeared on his 1977 album "Low". The song is notable for juxtaposing an uplifting guitar and synthesizer-led instrumental track with Bowie’s withdrawn lyrics. In keeping with the minimalist approach of "Low", Bowie and co-producer Tony Visconti originally recorded the track as an instrumental, bar the backing vocal (performed by Visconti’s wife, Mary Hopkin). Bowie then recorded his vocal after the rest of the band had left the studio, before trimming verses off the lyrics and leaving a relatively lengthy instrumental intro on the finished song. Title: Simon Turner (album) Passage: "Simon Turner" is the debut album of the singer and later film soundtrack composer Simon Fisher Turner. It was released in 1973 on UK Records. At the time Turner was being widely promoted in the UK pop press as a homegrown alternative to David Cassidy. The album featured a combination of covers, including David Bowie's "The Prettiest Star", and original songs mainly written by the producer Jonathan King. Title: Fame (David Bowie song) Passage: ``Fame ''is a song recorded by David Bowie, initially released in 1975. Written by Bowie, Carlos Alomar and John Lennon, it was a hit in North America, becoming Bowie's first number 1 single in the Canadian Singles Chart as well as the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. The song was one of the more successful singles of the year, ranking at number 7 on the Billboard Year - End Hot 100. It was less successful in Europe, reaching number 17 in the UK Singles Chart. Title: Subterraneans Passage: "Subterraneans" is a song by David Bowie, the closing track of his 1977 album "Low". As with most of Side 2, "Subterraneans" is mostly instrumental, with brief, obscure lyrics sung near the song's end. Title: The Laughing Gnome Passage: "The Laughing Gnome" is a song by English singer David Bowie, released as a single on 14 April 1967. A pastiche of songs by one of Bowie's early influences, Anthony Newley, it was originally released as a novelty single on Deram Records in 1967. The track consists of Bowie meeting and conversing with a gnome, whose sped-up voice (created by Bowie and studio engineer Gus Dudgeon) delivers several puns on the word "gnome". At the time, "The Laughing Gnome" failed to provide Bowie with a chart placing, but on its re-release in 1973 it reached number six on the British charts and number three in New Zealand. Title: Real Cool World Passage: "Real Cool World" is a song from the soundtrack of the film "Cool World", performed by David Bowie. Released on 10 August 1992, it represented his first new solo material since Tin Machine dissolved. Title: "Heroes" (David Bowie song) Passage: ``'Heroes' ''is a song recorded by the English musician David Bowie, written by Brian Eno and Bowie. Produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti, it was recorded in July and August 1977, and released on 23 September 1977. A product of Bowie's`` Berlin'' period, the track was not a huge hit in the United Kingdom or United States at the time, but has gone on to become one of Bowie's signature songs. In January 2016, following Bowie's death, the song reached a new peak of number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. ``'Heroes' ''has been cited as Bowie's second-most covered song after`` Rebel Rebel''. Title: Paul Williams (songwriter) Passage: Paul Hamilton Williams, Jr. (born September 19, 1940) is an American composer, singer, songwriter and actor. He is perhaps best known for writing popular songs performed by a number of acts in the 1970s, including Three Dog Night's ``An Old Fashioned Love Song ''and`` Out in the Country'', Helen Reddy's ``You and Me Against the World '', David Bowie's`` Fill Your Heart'', and the Carpenters' ``We've Only Just Begun ''and`` Rainy Days and Mondays'', as well as for his contributions to films, such as writing the lyrics to the # 1 chart - topping ``Evergreen '', the love theme from A Star Is Born, starring Barbra Streisand, for which he won a Grammy for Song of the Year and an Academy Award for Best Original Song; and`` Rainbow Connection'' from The Muppet Movie. He also wrote the lyrics to the opening theme for The Love Boat, with music previously composed by Charles Fox, which was originally sung by Jack Jones and, later, by Dionne Warwick. Title: "Heroes" (David Bowie song) Passage: ``'Heroes' ''is a song recorded by the English musician David Bowie, written by Brian Eno and Bowie. Produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti, it was recorded in July and August 1977, and released on 23 September 1977. A product of Bowie's`` Berlin'' period, the track was not a huge hit in the UK or US at the time, but has gone on to become one of Bowie's signature songs. In January 2016, following Bowie's death, the song reached a new peak of number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. ``'Heroes' ''has been cited as Bowie's second-most covered song after`` Rebel Rebel''. Title: Just for One Day (Heroes) Passage: ``Just for One Day (Heroes) ''is a house song performed by French DJ David Guetta, and featuring vocals from singer David Bowie. The song was released as the lead single from Guetta's compilation album, Fuck Me I'm Famous 2003 in June 2003, and was also credited as the fifth single from his debut studio album, Just a Little More Love. The song contains a sample from Bowie's 1970s track,`` 'Heroes'''. The track was officially credited to 'David Guetta vs. Bowie'. It peaked at No. 73 on the UK Singles Chart in July 2003. The music video for ``Just for One Day (Heroes) ''can be found on YouTube. It features a group of people partying at a rave, with Guetta performing the track in the background. Title: What in the World Passage: "What in the World" is a song by David Bowie released on his 1977 album "Low", later making appearances as repertoire in the 1978 world tour as well as other major tours. Title: Imagine (1972 film) Passage: Imagine is a 1972 television film by John Lennon and Yoko Ono, filmed mostly at their Tittenhurst Park home in Ascot, England, during 1971, and intended for television. All the songs from Lennon's "Imagine" album appear in the soundtrack, and also the songs "Mrs. Lennon" and "Don't Count the Waves", from Ono's album "Fly".	[ "Fame (David Bowie song)", "Imagine (1972 film)" ]
When did the city the new Karate Kid takes place fall?	June 6	[]	Title: You Take the Kids Passage: You Take the Kids is an American sitcom that aired on CBS from December 15, 1990, to January 12, 1991. The series starred Nell Carter, who also performed the theme song "Nobody's Got It Easy". "You Take the Kids", which was perceived as being the black answer to "Roseanne" due to its portrayal of a working-class African-American family, featured Carter as a crass, no-nonsense mother and wife. Title: 1974 European Karate Championships Passage: The 1974 European Karate Championships, the 7th edition of the European Karate Championships, was held in London, England, from May 2 to 4, 1974. Title: Ralph Macchio Passage: Ralph George Macchio Jr. (/ ˈmɑːtʃioʊ /; born November 4, 1961) is an American actor, known for his roles as Daniel LaRusso in The Karate Kid and Cobra Kai, Eugene Martone in Crossroads, Bill Gambini in My Cousin Vinny, and Johnny Cade in The Outsiders. Additionally, he competed on the twelfth season of Dancing with the Stars. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the "Son of Heaven" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662. Title: Martin Kove Passage: Martin Kove (born March 6, 1946) is an American film and television actor most recognized for his role as the psychopathic Cobra Kai sensei John Kreese in the Karate Kid film series. He is also known for his work in films such as Rambo: First Blood Part II (1985) and on TV series such as Cagney & Lacey as Victor Isbecki. Title: The Karate Kid Passage: The Karate Kid is a 1984 American martial arts drama film produced by Jerry Weintraub, directed by John G. Avildsen, written by Robert Mark Kamen, and stars Ralph Macchio, Pat Morita and Elisabeth Shue. It is an underdog story in the mold of a previous success with Rocky (1976), which Avildsen also directed. The film features the Gōjū - ryū, Gōjū Kai style of karate. The Karate Kid was a commercial success upon release and garnered critical acclaim, earning Morita a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. Title: Pop Class Passage: Sam (Concepcion) and Cheska (Ortega) are on their way to fulfilling their pop dreams as the most promising students in their Pop Class (a Pop Performance Workshop Class they have religiously attended every summer since they were kids). But when Cheska inexplicably drops out, Sam is devastated and falls into an uninspired artistic rut. Will his best friend Cheska's coming back—years after—take him out of his misery or make matters worse (since the school is about to close)? With a spirited production of cool dance sequences and new tween music, "Pop Class" will surely make you fall in love and prove that "you can never just walk away from your dreams". Title: The Karate Kid Passage: The Karate Kid is a 1984 American martial arts drama film written by Robert Mark Kamen and directed by John G. Avildsen. It is the first installment in "The Karate Kid" franchise, and stars Ralph Macchio, Noriyuki "Pat" Morita, and Elisabeth Shue. "The Karate Kid" follows Daniel LaRusso (Macchio), a teenager taught Gōjū-ryū karate by Mr. Miyagi (Morita) to help defend himself and compete in a tournament against his bullies, one of which is the ex-boyfriend of his love interest Ali Mills (Shue). Title: You're the Best Passage: ``You're the Best ''is a song performed by Joe Esposito and written by Bill Conti and Allee Willis, which came to prominence as the music to the All - Valley Karate Championships montage in the 1984 movie The Karate Kid in which the protagonist, Daniel LaRusso (Ralph Macchio), proves a surprisingly formidable contender. Title: You're the Best Passage: ``You're the Best ''is a song, performed by Joe Esposito and written by Bill Conti (music) and Allee Willis (lyrics), which came to prominence as the music to the All - Valley Karate Championships montage in the 1984 movie The Karate Kid in which the protagonist, Daniel LaRusso (Ralph Macchio), proves a surprisingly formidable contender. Title: The Karate Kid (2010 film) Passage: Dre Parker and his mother Sherry Parker move from Detroit to Beijing after Sherry gets a job transfer at her car factory. After a day in a park, Dre develops a crush on a young violinist, Meiying, who reciprocates his attention, but another boy Cheng, a rebellious kung fu prodigy whose family is close to Meiying's, attempts to keep them apart by violently attacking Dre, and later bullies him at school. During an attack, the maintenance man, Mr. Han comes to Dre's aid, and when Cheng and his friends try to interfere, Han defeats each of them in close combat, revealing himself as a kung fu master. Title: Joe Corley Passage: Joe Corley is an American karate and kickboxing competitor, instructor, broadcaster and promoter who helped achieve the success of the Professional Karate Association and the early establishment of professional kickboxing in the United States.	[ "Qing dynasty", "The Karate Kid (2010 film)" ]
Who helped resolve the dispute between Virginia and the state where Takoma Academy is located?	William R. Day	[]	Title: Cooktown, Virginia Passage: Cooktown is an unincorporated community in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. It is located off Dranesville Road along Folly Lick Branch stream. Cooktown is named for the Cook family who settled in the area after the American Civil War. Title: Alta, Fayette County, West Virginia Passage: Alta is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located on West Virginia Route 16 and West Virginia Route 39 north of Gauley Bridge. Title: North Bend, West Virginia Passage: North Bend is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. North Bend is located on West Virginia Route 39 and West Virginia Route 55 east of Richwood. Title: Amigo, West Virginia Passage: Amigo is an unincorporated community in Raleigh County, West Virginia, United States. The community is located on West Virginia Route 16 at the confluence of the Guyandotte River and Winding Gulf. The Amigo Post Office closed on 10/22/2011, it was established in 1915 The community most likely derives its name from the Amigo Coal Company. Title: Stamp Act 1765 Passage: The Virginia House of Burgesses reconvened in early May 1765 after news was received of the passage of the Act. By the end of May, it appeared that they would not consider the tax, and many legislators went home, including George Washington. Only 30 out of 116 Burgesses remained, but one of those remaining was Patrick Henry who was attending his first session. Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act; he proposed his resolutions on 30 May 1765, and they were passed in the form of the Virginia Resolves. The Resolves stated: Title: Kellogg–Briand Pact Passage: The Kellogg–Briand Pact (or Pact of Paris, officially General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy) is a 1928 international agreement in which signatory states promised not to use war to resolve "disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them". Parties failing to abide by this promise "should be denied of the benefits furnished by [the] treaty". It was signed by Germany, France, and the United States on 27 August 1928, and by most other states soon after. Sponsored by France and the U.S., the Pact renounced the use of war and calls for the peaceful settlement of disputes. Similar provisions were incorporated into the Charter of the United Nations and other treaties and it became a stepping-stone to a more activist American policy. It is named after its authors, United States Secretary of State Frank B. Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand. The pact was concluded outside the League of Nations and remains in effect. Title: French and Indian War Passage: Fighting took place primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the south to Newfoundland in the north. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne within present - day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22 - year - old George Washington ambushed a French patrol. Title: French and Indian War Passage: The war was fought primarily along the frontiers between New France and the British colonies, from Virginia in the South to Nova Scotia in the North. It began with a dispute over control of the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, called the Forks of the Ohio, and the site of the French Fort Duquesne and present-day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The dispute erupted into violence in the Battle of Jumonville Glen in May 1754, during which Virginia militiamen under the command of 22-year-old George Washington ambushed a French patrol. Title: Takoma Academy Passage: Takoma Academy is a parochial, co-educational high school located in Takoma Park, Maryland operated by the Potomac Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. Title: Maryland v. West Virginia Passage: Maryland v. West Virginia Supreme Court of the United States Argued November 2 -- 4, 1909 Decided February 21, 1910 Full case name State of Maryland v. State of West Virginia Citations 217 U.S. 1 (more) 30 S. Ct. 268; 54 L. Ed. 645; 1910 U.S. LEXIS 1942 Subsequent history Maryland v. West Virginia, 225 U.S. 1 (1912) Holding West Virginia's border extends to the low - water mark on the south bank of the Potomac River; Boundary disputes should be adjusted according to prescription and equity to least disturb private rights and titles Court membership Chief Justice Melville Fuller Associate Justices John M. Harlan David J. Brewer Edward D. White Rufus W. Peckham Joseph McKenna Oliver W. Holmes, Jr. William R. Day William H. Moody Case opinions Majority Day, joined by unanimous Title: Stamp Act 1765 Passage: The Virginia House of Burgesses reconvened in early May 1765 after news was received of the passage of the Act. By the end of May, it appeared that they would not consider the tax, and many legislators went home, including George Washington. Only 30 out of 116 Burgesses remained, but one of those remaining was Patrick Henry who was attending his first session. Henry led the opposition to the Stamp Act; he proposed his resolutions on May 30, 1765, and they were passed in the form of the Virginia Resolves. The Resolves stated: Title: Virginia High School (Virginia) Passage: Virginia High School is a high school located in Bristol, Virginia. In 1999, Virginia High started offering the Tri-Cities area's first International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. Classes from the Advanced Placement program are also offered to help students who are headed to college. A vocational wing was added to the main school building to help students who wish to go into a trade straight from high school. Courses offered for this path include: culinary arts, computer networking and repair, cosmetology, and criminal justice.	[ "Takoma Academy", "Maryland v. West Virginia" ]
Who was in charge of the neighboring country of the country where Mapado originated?	Pak Pong-ju	[]	Title: Mapado Passage: "Do" can either mean "province" or "island" in Korean. "Seom" means island in the Korean language as well, although "do" is a Sino-Korean word used in name compound words, but "seom" can stand alone. Filming for "Mapado" did not take place on an island, but in Dongbaek village in Yeonggwang County, South Korea. Title: Nissan Leaf Passage: The Nissan Leaf (Japanese: 日産リーフ) is a compact five - door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2018 model year Leaf is 243 km (151 miles) on a full battery charge. The battery can be charged from empty to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging. Title: This Is Country Music Passage: This Is Country Music is the eighth studio album by American country music artist Brad Paisley. The album was originally scheduled to be released April 19, but was pushed back to May 23, 2011 by recording label Arista Nashville. Title: Stir-fried ice cream Passage: Stir - fried ice cream existed in Thailand by 2009, as a way of just mixing ingredients together with fruits and different types of candies. There were a few vendors at the time, and it was not popular yet. Around 2011 -- 2012, the ice cream became more popular in Thailand and began to spread to neighboring countries such as Malaysia, and Cambodia in 2012. It spread worldwide in 2015 from internet viral videos.. Title: North Korea Passage: Executive power is vested in the Cabinet of North Korea, which is headed by Premier Pak Pong-ju. The Premier represents the government and functions independently. His authority extends over two vice-premiers, 30 ministers, two cabinet commission chairmen, the cabinet chief secretary, the president of the Central Bank, the director of the Central Bureau of Statistics and the president of the Academy of Sciences. A 31st ministry, the Ministry of People's Armed Forces, is under the jurisdiction of the State Affairs Commission. Title: Then There Were Five Passage: Then There Were Five is a children's novel written and illustrated by Elizabeth Enright, published by Farrar & Rineheart in 1944. It is the third of four books in the Melendy family series which Enright inaugurated in 1941. Continuing life at the "four-story mistake" country house during World War II, the four children have adventures that include a neighbor boy who finally joins the family. Title: Member states of NATO Passage: NATO has added new members seven times since its founding in 1949, and since 2017 NATO has had 29 members. Twelve countries were part of the founding of NATO: Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1952, Greece and Turkey became members of the Alliance, joined later by West Germany (in 1955) and Spain (in 1982). In 1990, with the reunification of Germany, NATO grew to include the former country of East Germany. Between 1994 and 1997, wider forums for regional cooperation between NATO and its neighbors were set up, including the Partnership for Peace, the Mediterranean Dialogue initiative and the Euro - Atlantic Partnership Council. In 1997, three former Warsaw Pact countries, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and Poland, were invited to join NATO. After this fourth enlargement in 1999, the Vilnius group of The Baltics and seven East European countries formed in May 2000 to cooperate and lobby for further NATO membership. Seven of these countries joined in the fifth enlargement in 2004. The Adriatic States Albania and Croatia joined in the sixth enlargement in 2009, Montenegro in 2017. Title: Ex on the Beach (British series 8) Passage: Ex on the Beach Series 8 Country of origin United Kingdom No. of episodes 8 Release Original network MTV Original release 20 March 2018 -- present Season chronology ← Previous Series 7 Title: Republic of the Congo Passage: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Débat. Title: From a Jack to a King Passage: ``From a Jack to a King ''is a country music song. Originally a crossover hit for artist Ned Miller, who also wrote`` Dark Moon,'' ``A Falling Star, ''and many other country songs. It has been covered extensively by country music artists. Title: Delicious Surprise Passage: Delicious Surprise is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Jo Dee Messina, released in 2005. Her first studio album of original material since "Burn" almost five years previous, it produced a Number One single on the "Billboard" country music charts in "My Give a Damn's Busted", a song co-written by country singer Joe Diffie and originally recorded on his 2001 album "In Another World". Additional singles released from "Delicious Surprise" include "Delicious Surprise (I Believe It)", "Not Going Down", and "It's Too Late to Worry", all of which charted in the Top 40 on the country charts as well. The album has been certified Gold by the RIAA. Title: Geography of South Korea Passage: South Korea is located in East Asia, on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula jutting out from the far east of the Asian land mass. The only country with a land border to South Korea is North Korea, lying to the north with 238 kilometres (148 mi) of border running along the Korean Demilitarized Zone. South Korea is mostly surrounded by water and has 2,413 kilometres (1,499 mi) of coast line along three seas; to the west is the Yellow Sea (known in Korea as West Sea), to the south is the East China Sea, and to the east is the Sea of Japan (known in Korea as East Sea). Geographically, South Korea's land mass is approximately 100,032 square kilometres (38,623 sq mi). 290 square kilometres (110 sq mi) of South Korea are occupied by water. The approximate coordinates are 37 ° North, 127 ° 30 East. Notable islands include Jeju Island (Jejudo), Ulleung Island (Ulleungdo), and Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo, known in Japan as Takeshima).	[ "Mapado", "Geography of South Korea", "North Korea" ]
what song did the performer of I'm Losing You write for David Bowie?	``Fame ''	[]	Title: Je suis l'enfant soleil Passage: "Je suis l'enfant soleil" (translated: "I Am the Sun Child" or "I'm A Child of the Sun") was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1979, performed in French by Anne-Marie David. David had won Eurovision six years earlier, representing Luxembourg at the 1973 Contest with "Tu te reconnaîtras". Title: I'm Losing You (John Lennon song) Passage: "I'm Losing You" is a song written by John Lennon and released on his 1980 album "Double Fantasy". It was completed in Bermuda in June 1980, after Lennon failed at an attempted telephone call to Yoko Ono. The song is also available on the 1982 compilation "The John Lennon Collection", the 1998 boxset "John Lennon Anthology", the one disc compilation "Wonsaponatime", the 2005 two disc compilation "" and in 2010 for the "Gimme Some Truth" album. The song was also featured in the 2005 musical "Lennon". Title: The Man Who Sold the World Passage: ``The Man Who Sold the World ''is a song written and performed by David Bowie. It is the title track of his third album, which was released in the US in November 1970 and in the UK in April 1971. The song has been covered by a number of other artists, notably by Lulu, who had a UK No. 3 hit with her version in 1974, and Nirvana, whose 1993 performance of the song for the television program MTV Unplugged introduced it to a new audience. Title: The Man Who Sold the World Passage: ``The Man Who Sold the World ''is a song written and performed by David Bowie. It is the title track of his third album, with the same name, which was released in the US in November 1970 and in the UK in April 1971. The song has been covered by a number of other artists, notably by Lulu, who had a UK No. 3 hit with her version in 1974, and Nirvana, whose 1993 performance of the song for the television program MTV Unplugged introduced it to a new audience. Title: "Heroes" (David Bowie song) Passage: ``'Heroes' ''is a song recorded by the English musician David Bowie, written by Brian Eno and Bowie. Produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti, it was recorded in July and August 1977, and released on 23 September 1977. A product of Bowie's`` Berlin'' period, the track was not a huge hit in the United Kingdom or United States at the time, but has gone on to become one of Bowie's signature songs. In January 2016, following Bowie's death, the song reached a new peak of number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. ``'Heroes' ''has been cited as Bowie's second-most covered song after`` Rebel Rebel''. Title: Just for One Day (Heroes) Passage: ``Just for One Day (Heroes) ''is a house song performed by French DJ David Guetta, and featuring vocals from singer David Bowie. The song was released as the lead single from Guetta's compilation album, Fuck Me I'm Famous 2003 in June 2003, and was also credited as the fifth single from his debut studio album, Just a Little More Love. The song contains a sample from Bowie's 1970s track,`` 'Heroes'''. The track was officially credited to 'David Guetta vs. Bowie'. It peaked at No. 73 on the UK Singles Chart in July 2003. The music video for ``Just for One Day (Heroes) ''can be found on YouTube. It features a group of people partying at a rave, with Guetta performing the track in the background. Title: Fame (David Bowie song) Passage: ``Fame ''is a song recorded by David Bowie, initially released in 1975. Written by Bowie, Carlos Alomar and John Lennon, it was a hit in North America, becoming Bowie's first number 1 single in the Canadian Singles Chart as well as the U.S. Billboard Hot 100. The song was one of the more successful singles of the year, ranking at number 7 on the Billboard Year - End Hot 100. It was less successful in Europe, reaching number 17 in the UK Singles Chart. Title: DJ (David Bowie song) Passage: "DJ" is a song by David Bowie, released on the 1979 album "Lodger", and then as a single on 29 June 1979. Title: Sound and Vision Passage: "Sound and Vision" is a song and single by David Bowie which appeared on his 1977 album "Low". The song is notable for juxtaposing an uplifting guitar and synthesizer-led instrumental track with Bowie’s withdrawn lyrics. In keeping with the minimalist approach of "Low", Bowie and co-producer Tony Visconti originally recorded the track as an instrumental, bar the backing vocal (performed by Visconti’s wife, Mary Hopkin). Bowie then recorded his vocal after the rest of the band had left the studio, before trimming verses off the lyrics and leaving a relatively lengthy instrumental intro on the finished song. Title: After All (David Bowie song) Passage: "After All" is a song written by David Bowie in 1970 for the album "The Man Who Sold the World", released later that year in the United States and in April 1971 in the UK. One of a number of Bowie songs from the early 1970s reflecting the influence of Friedrich Nietzsche and Aleister Crowley, it has been described by biographer David Buckley as "the album's hidden gem", and by Nicholas Pegg as "one of Bowie's most underrated recordings". Title: Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy Passage: ``Peace on Earth / Little Drummer Boy ''(sometimes titled`` The Little Drummer Boy / Peace on Earth'') is a Christmas song with an added counterpoint performed by David Bowie and Bing Crosby. ``The Little Drummer Boy ''is a Christmas song written in 1941, while the`` Peace on Earth'' tune and lyrics, written by Ian Fraser, Larry Grossman, and Alan Kohan, were added to the song specially for Bowie and Crosby's recording. Title: "Heroes" (David Bowie song) Passage: ``'Heroes' ''is a song recorded by the English musician David Bowie, written by Brian Eno and Bowie. Produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti, it was recorded in July and August 1977, and released on 23 September 1977. A product of Bowie's`` Berlin'' period, the track was not a huge hit in the UK or US at the time, but has gone on to become one of Bowie's signature songs. In January 2016, following Bowie's death, the song reached a new peak of number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. ``'Heroes' ''has been cited as Bowie's second-most covered song after`` Rebel Rebel''.	[ "I'm Losing You (John Lennon song)", "Fame (David Bowie song)" ]
Who was the quarterback of Andrew DePaola's team when they won the superbowl?	Brad Johnson	[]	Title: Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award Passage: Tom Brady is the only player to have won four Super Bowl MVP awards; Joe Montana has won three and three others -- Starr, Terry Bradshaw, and Eli Manning -- have won the award twice. Starr and Bradshaw are the only ones to have won it in back - to - back years. The MVP has come from the winning team every year except 1971, when Dallas Cowboys linebacker Chuck Howley won the award despite the Cowboys' loss in Super Bowl V to the Baltimore Colts. Harvey Martin and Randy White were named co-MVPs of Super Bowl XII, the only time co-MVPs have been chosen. Including the Super Bowl XII co-MVPs, seven Cowboys players have won Super Bowl MVP awards, the most of any NFL team. Quarterbacks have earned the honor 29 times in 52 games. Title: Super Bowl XXXVII Passage: The Raiders had a great chance to score a touchdown early in the game after cornerback Charles Woodson intercepted Buccaneers quarterback Brad Johnson's pass on the third play of the game and returned it 12 yards to the Tampa Bay 36 - yard line. However, six plays later, Tampa Bay defensive end Simeon Rice sacked Raiders quarterback Rich Gannon on third down, forcing Oakland to settle for kicker Sebastian Janikowski's 40 - yard field goal to give them a 3 -- 0 lead. Title: National Football League Rookie of the Year Award Passage: Season Player Team Position Ref 2002 Jeremy Shockey New York Giants Tight end 2003 Domanick Davis Houston Texans Running back Ben Roethlisberger Pittsburgh Steelers Quarterback 2005 Cadillac Williams Tampa Bay Buccaneers Running back 2006 Vince Young Tennessee Titans Quarterback 2007 Adrian Peterson Minnesota Vikings Running back 2008 Joe Flacco Baltimore Ravens Quarterback 2009 Percy Harvin Minnesota Vikings Wide receiver Ndamukong Suh Detroit Lions Defensive tackle 2011 Cam Newton Carolina Panthers Quarterback 2012 Russell Wilson Seattle Seahawks Quarterback 2013 Keenan Allen San Diego Chargers Wide receiver 2014 Teddy Bridgewater Minnesota Vikings Quarterback 2015 Jameis Winston Tampa Bay Buccaneers Quarterback 2016 Dak Prescott Dallas Cowboys Quarterback 2017 Alvin Kamara New Orleans Saints Running back Title: List of National Football League quarterback playoff records Passage: Tom Brady holds the NFL record for most playoff wins by a quarterback with 27, the record for most playoff games started (37). Joe Flacco holds the record for most post-season road wins by a quarterback, with 7. For players with 5 or more playoff appearances, Bart Starr holds the record for the highest winning percentage, (. 900) and is tied for the record for most championships (5 NFL titles plus 2 Super Bowl wins vs. AFL teams) with Tom Brady who has won 5 Super Bowls to this point in his career. Six quarterbacks are undefeated in post-season play but all of them have just a single appearance as a starter except for Frank Reich who had two starts. Hall of Fame quarterback Y.A. Tittle shares the record with Andy Dalton for the highest number of playoff starts without ever winning a game (4). Donovan McNabb and Jim Kelly hold the record for the highest number of playoff wins (9) without winning a championship. Title: James Harris (quarterback) Passage: Harris was drafted in the eighth round of the 1969 Common Draft by the American Football League's Buffalo Bills, and would soon join fellow rookie O.J. Simpson in the starting backfield. Continuing the American Football League's more liberal (than the NFL's) personnel policies, the Bills made Harris the first black player to start a season at quarterback in the history of pro football. Harris was also just the second black player in the modern era to start in any game as quarterback for a professional football team. Wide receiver Marlin Briscoe, of the AFL's Denver Broncos, had been the first to start a game at quarterback in 1968, and a few of Harris's completions in 1969 went to Briscoe, who, by that time, had been traded to the Bills and had been converted to the position of receiver. After three years with the Bills, Harris was released by the team and signed by the Los Angeles Rams in 1972. Title: Super Dave: Daredevil for Hire Passage: In the United States, the show premiered on September 12, 1992 on FOX. The series was cancelled after its first season, but a special based on the series titled "The Super Dave Superbowl of Knowledge" aired on January 29, 1994. Title: Eligible receiver Passage: In both American and Canadian professional football, every player on the defensive team is considered eligible. The offensive team must have at least seven players lined up on the line of scrimmage. Of the players on the line of scrimmage, only the two players on the ends of the line of scrimmage are eligible receivers. The remaining players are in the backfield (four in American football, five in Canadian football), including the quarterback. These backfield players are also eligible receivers. In the National Football League, a quarterback who takes his stance behind center as a T - formation quarterback is not eligible unless, before the ball is snapped, he legally moves to a position at least one yard behind the line of scrimmage or on the end of the line, and is stationary in that position for at least one second before the snap, but is nonetheless not counted toward the seven men required on the line of scrimmage. Title: Andrew DePaola Passage: Andrew DePaola Jr. (born July 28, 1987) is an American football long snapper for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). DePaola made his professional debut with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on September 7, 2014. He played football and baseball in high school before playing college football for Rutgers University. Title: Joseph Ponsetto Passage: Joseph Ponsetto (March 29, 1926 – November 24, 2004) was an American football player who was the starting quarterback for the University of Michigan Wolverines football teams of 1944 and 1945. Title: Kliff Kingsbury Passage: Kliff Timothy Kingsbury (born August 9, 1979) is an American football coach and former quarterback. During his playing career, Kingsbury held and currently holds many Division I (NCAA) passing records, and won the Sammy Baugh Trophy in 2002. He is currently the head coach of the Texas Tech Red Raiders football team, where he played from 1998 to 2002. Title: Jack Crabtree Passage: Jack Crabtree is a former American football quarterback who was the most valuable player of the 1958 Rose Bowl, despite the fact that his team lost the game. Title: Deshaun Watson Passage: Watson attended Gainesville High School in Gainesville, Georgia, arriving there in the fall of 2010. He played for the school's football team. Gainesville head coach Bruce Miller had planned to start a rising junior to quarterback his spread offense, but Watson won the starting spot. He was the first freshman quarterback Coach Miller had ever started.	[ "Andrew DePaola", "Super Bowl XXXVII" ]
What college did the person who sang background on you're so vain attend?	Dartford Grammar School	[ "Grammar School" ]	Title: Graduate First Passage: Graduate First () is a 1978 French drama film directed by Maurice Pialat and starring Sabine Haudepin. The film is set in the north of France, in Lens, in a region profoundly affected by unemployment - the students, from modest backgrounds, try to forget their fears of what tomorrow will bring. Title: Thorn Kief Hillsbery Passage: Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of "War Boy" and "What We Do Is Secret", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University. Title: Mick Jagger Passage: In September 1950, Keith Richards and Jagger were classmates at Wentworth Primary School, Dartford. In 1954, Jagger moved to Wilmington, Kent with his family. The same year he passed the eleven-plus and went to Dartford Grammar School, which now has the Mick Jagger Centre, named after its most famous alumnus, installed within the school's site. Jagger and Richards lost contact with each other when they went to different schools, but after a chance encounter on platform two at Dartford railway station in July 1960, resumed their friendship and discovered their shared love of rhythm and blues, which for Jagger had begun with Little Richard. Title: You're So Vain Passage: ``You're So Vain ''is a song written in 1971 by Carly Simon and released in November 1972. The song is a critical profile of a self - absorbed lover about whom Simon asserts`` You're so vain, you probably think this song is about you.'' The title subject's identity has long been a matter of speculation, with Simon stating that the song refers to three men, only one of whom she has named publicly, actor Warren Beatty. The song is ranked at # 92 on Billboard's Greatest Songs of All - Time. ``You're So Vain ''was voted # 216 in RIAA's Songs of the Century, and in August 2014, the UK's Official Charts Company crowned it the ultimate song of the 1970s. Title: Motown Remembers Marvin Gaye: Never Before Released Masters Passage: Motown Remembers Marvin Gaye: Never Before Released Masters is a posthumous compilation album featuring the singer's unreleased recordings dating from 1963 to 1972 when Gaye was recording with Motown Records. Many of the records featured are overdubbed with eighties-styled drum programming and featured background vocalists whereas original recordings of the songs feature no background vocals and the instrumentation was more live than what is featured in this collection which was produced within a year after Gaye's 1984 death. Title: Henry Thacker Passage: Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin. Title: Sang Dhesian Passage: Sang Dhesian (Dhesian Sang) is a village in Phillaur tahsil of Jalandhar district of Punjab state of India known for Baba Sang ji Gurdwara. Title: Ken Kuhlken Passage: Ken Kuhlken was born and grew up in San Diego, played semi-pro baseball in Tijuana, and attended San Diego State University, first as a philosophy and then as an English major. After college, he wrote, played guitar and sang in a rock and blues band, and taught high school, before relocating to attend the University of Iowa Writers’ Workshop. Title: You're So Vain Passage: In 1983, she said it is not about Mick Jagger, who contributed uncredited backing vocals to the song. In a 1993 book, Angie Bowie claimed to be the ``wife of a close friend ''mentioned in`` You're So Vain'', and that Jagger, for a time, had been ``obsessed ''with her. Simon made another comment about the subject's identity as a guest artist on Janet Jackson's 2001 single,`` Son of a Gun (I Betcha Think This Song Is About You)'', which sampled ``You're So Vain ''. Simon said about the song,`` The apricot scarf was worn by Nick (Delbanco). Nothing in the words referred to Mick.'' Title: Ray Fisher (actor) Passage: Fisher was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He grew up in Lawnside, New Jersey and attended Haddon Heights High School. It was there that he was introduced to theatre by his high school English teacher. He was active in the school's theatre and choir program and sang in his church's choir. An English teacher introduced him to acting and he auditioned for a school musical in his sophomore year. Title: Class reunion Passage: A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet. Title: Darren Korb Passage: Korb attended Bellarmine College Preparatory high school in San Jose, California. There he would meet his longtime friend and collaborator Logan Cunningham. Having an engineering background, Korb went to New York University for music production and music business. Prior to his work with Supergiant Games, he worked on minor television and film projects. He was also a member of the NYC band Audio Fiction and was the co-founder, as well as a current member of NYC indie band, Control Group.	[ "Mick Jagger", "You're So Vain" ]
What group's power increased after the rise of the republic where the system of representative government comes from?	Republican pontifices	[]	Title: Council of Alberta University Students Passage: They represent undergraduate students from the University of Alberta, the University of Calgary, the University of Lethbridge, Mount Royal University, and MacEwan University to the public, government and other post-secondary education stakeholders. Based in Edmonton, CAUS is a non-partisan and active advocacy group looking to ensure a fully accessible and high quality system of education in Alberta. Title: Industrial Revolution Passage: The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system. Title: Politics of Norway Passage: The politics of Norway take place in the framework of a Parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy. Executive power is exercised by the Council of State, the cabinet, led by the Prime Minister of Norway. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the legislature, the Storting, elected within a multi-party system. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch and the legislature. Title: United States House of Representatives Passage: The late 19th and early 20th centuries also saw a dramatic increase in the power of the speaker of the House. The rise of the speaker's influence began in the 1890s, during the tenure of Republican Thomas Brackett Reed. "Czar Reed", as he was nicknamed, attempted to put into effect his view that "The best system is to have one party govern and the other party watch." The leadership structure of the House also developed during approximately the same period, with the positions of majority leader and minority leader being created in 1899. While the minority leader was the head of the minority party, the majority leader remained subordinate to the speaker. The speakership reached its zenith during the term of Republican Joseph Gurney Cannon, from 1903 to 1911. The powers of the speaker included chairmanship of the influential Rules Committee and the ability to appoint members of other House committees. These powers, however, were curtailed in the "Revolution of 1910" because of the efforts of Democrats and dissatisfied Republicans who opposed Cannon's arguably heavy-handed tactics. Title: Audi Passage: Audi's sales grew strongly in the 2000s, with deliveries to customers increasing from 653,000 in 2000 to 1,003,000 in 2008. The largest sales increases came from Eastern Europe (+19.3%), Africa (+17.2%) and the Middle East (+58.5%). China in particular has become a key market, representing 108,000 out of 705,000 cars delivered in the first three quarters of 2009. One factor for its popularity in China is that Audis have become the car of choice for purchase by the Chinese government for officials, and purchases by the government are responsible for 20% of its sales in China. As of late 2009, Audi's operating profit of €1.17-billion ($1.85-billion) made it the biggest contributor to parent Volkswagen Group's nine-month operating profit of €1.5-billion, while the other marques in Group such as Bentley and SEAT had suffered considerable losses. May 2011 saw record sales for Audi of America with the new Audi A7 and Audi A3 TDI Clean Diesel. In May 2012, Audi reported a 10% increase in its sales—from 408 units to 480 in the last year alone. Title: Limited government Passage: In political philosophy, limited government is where the government is empowered by law from a starting point of having no power, or where governmental power is restricted by law, usually in a written constitution. It is a key concept in the history of liberalism. The United States Constitution presents an example of the federal government not possessing any power except what is delegated to it by the Constitution - with the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution specifically stating that powers not specifically delegated to the federal government is reserved for the people and the states. The Magna Carta and the United States Constitution also represents important milestones in the limiting of governmental power. The earliest use of the term limited government dates back to King James VI and I in the late 16th century. Limited government put into practice often involves the protection of individual liberty from government intrusion. Title: Representative democracy Passage: The Roman Republic was the first government in the western world to have a representative government, despite taking the form of a direct government in the Roman assemblies. The Roman model of governance inspired many political thinkers over the centuries, and today's modern representative democracies imitate more the Roman than the Greek models because it was a state in which supreme power was held by the people and their elected representatives, and which had an elected or nominated leader. Representative democracy is a form of democracy in which people vote for representatives who then vote on policy initiatives as opposed to a direct democracy, a form of democracy in which people vote on policy initiatives directly. A European medieval tradition of selecting representatives from the various estates (classes, but not as we know them today) to advise / control monarchs led to relatively wide familiarity with representative systems inspired by Roman systems. Title: Mexico City Passage: Mexico City, being the seat of the powers of the Union, did not belong to any particular state but to all. Therefore, it was the president, representing the federation, who used to designate the head of government of the Federal District, a position which is sometimes presented outside Mexico as the "Mayor" of Mexico City.[citation needed] In the 1980s, given the dramatic increase in population of the previous decades, the inherent political inconsistencies of the system, as well as the dissatisfaction with the inadequate response of the federal government after the 1985 earthquake, residents began to request political and administrative autonomy to manage their local affairs.[citation needed] Some political groups even proposed that the Federal District be converted into the 32nd state of the federation. Title: Federalism Passage: The government of India is based on a tiered system, in which the Constitution of India delineates the subjects on which each tier of government has executive powers. The Constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government, the Union Government (also known as the Central Government), representing the Union of India, and the State governments. Later, a third tier was added in the form of Panchayats and Municipalities. In the current arrangement, The Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution delimits the subjects of each level of governmental jurisdiction, dividing them into three lists: Title: Religion in ancient Rome Passage: In the Regal era, a rex sacrorum (king of the sacred rites) supervised regal and state rites in conjunction with the king (rex) or in his absence, and announced the public festivals. He had little or no civil authority. With the abolition of monarchy, the collegial power and influence of the Republican pontifices increased. By the late Republican era, the flamines were supervised by the pontifical collegia. The rex sacrorum had become a relatively obscure priesthood with an entirely symbolic title: his religious duties still included the daily, ritual announcement of festivals and priestly duties within two or three of the latter but his most important priestly role – the supervision of the Vestals and their rites – fell to the more politically powerful and influential pontifex maximus. Title: Separation of powers Passage: The separation of powers is a model for the governance of a state. Under this model, a state's government is divided into branches, each with separate and independent powers and areas of responsibility so that the powers of one branch are not in conflict with the powers associated with the other branches. The typical division is into three branches: a legislature, an executive, and a judiciary, which is the trias politica model. It can be contrasted with the fusion of powers in some parliamentary systems where the executive and legislative branches overlap. Title: Myanmar Passage: The educational system of Myanmar is operated by the government agency, the Ministry of Education. The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system due to nearly a century of British and Christian presences in Myanmar. Nearly all schools are government-operated, but there has been a recent increase in privately funded English language schools. Schooling is compulsory until the end of elementary school, approximately about 9 years old, while the compulsory schooling age is 15 or 16 at international level.	[ "Religion in ancient Rome", "Representative democracy" ]
How many national female outdoor track and field championships have been won by the university that Tyrel Reed attended?	one	[]	Title: Tosin Oke Passage: Tosin Oke (born 1 October 1980 in London, England) is a Nigerian track and field athlete, who competes in the triple jump. Born a dual national, he initially competed for Great Britain. He set the current UK junior indoor record and was 1 cm shy of the outdoor junior record. He was the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships Champion, and came 5th at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. After multiple indoor and outdoor UK titles, he later switched to compete for Nigeria. Since competing for Nigeria he has won back-to-back African Championships in Athletics titles and the Commonwealth Games championship and is the current All-Africa Games Champion. At the 2012 Summer Olympics Oke finished seventh in the triple jump final, the best Nigerian result of the Games. Title: Earl Eby Passage: Earl William Eby (November 18, 1894 – December 14, 1970) was an American sprinter who won a silver medal in the 800 m at the 1920 Summer Olympics. Earlier at the 1919 Inter-Allied Games he won the 400 m event and placed second in the 800 m to New Zealand's Daniel Mason. He won the 800 m event at the 1920 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: 1983 Japan Open Tennis Championships Passage: The 1983 Japan Open Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Tokyo, Japan that was part of the 1983 Virginia Slims World Championship Series and the 1983 Volvo Grand Prix. The tournament was held from 17 October through 23 October 1983. Eliot Teltscher and Etsuko Inoue won the singles titles. Title: Sarah Docter Passage: Sarah Beth Docter (born May 10, 1964) is a retired American speed skater. She won several U.S. national championships in the 1970s, and in 1978 she won U.S. national titles in both short track and long track. That year she went on to the world short-track championships, in which she won the 1500 m and 3000 m events and the overall competition. In 1980, she competed in all speed skating events at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, with the best achievement of tenth place in the 3000 m. In addition to skating career, she is also a cyclist, and once took part in the World Cycling Championships. Title: Robby Andrews Passage: Robert Adrian Andrews (born March 29, 1991) is an American middle distance runner who specializes in the 800 and 1500 meters. While competing with University of Virginia he won the men's 800 meters at the 2011 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Title: Naman Keïta Passage: Naman Keïta (born 9 April 1978 in Paris, France) is a track and field athlete, who takes part in the 400 m hurdles and 4 x 400m relay, competing internationally for France. He won the 4x400m relay gold medal at the 2003 World Championships in Paris, France. He was the bronze medalist in the 400 metres hurdles at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens, Greece. Besides, he won a gold medal and a bronze medal in the 4x400 m relay at the European Athletics Championships. Title: Tyrel Reed Passage: Tyrel Reed (born April 8, 1989) is an American basketball player who played for University of Kansas. He is the winningest player in KU Jayhawks history, with a combined record of 132–17 record in his four seasons at the University of Kansas. Reed wrote a book, "Reed All About It: Driven to be a Jayhawk", about his experience growing up in Kansas and playing with the Jayhawks. It was co-written by Tully Corcoran and published by Ascend Books. Title: Babe Didrikson Zaharias Passage: Mildred Ella ``Babe ''Didrikson Zaharias (/ zəˈhɑːriəs /; June 26, 1911 -- September 27, 1956) was an American athlete who achieved a great deal of success in golf, basketball, baseball and track and field. She won two gold medals in track and field at the 1932 Summer Olympics, before turning to professional golf and winning 10 LPGA major championships. She is widely regarded as one of the greatest female athletes of all time. Title: Joetta Clark Diggs Passage: Joetta Clark Diggs (née Clark, born August 1, 1962 in East Orange, New Jersey) is a retired American track and field champion, specializing in middle distance running. She ran for more than 28 consecutive years never missing an indoor or outdoor season, with her races being in the 800 meters and 1500 meters. A 4-time Olympian in 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2000, she competed in every outdoor USA Championships or Olympic trials between 1979 and 2000, winning five outdoor championships. Indoors, she was in the national championship race in 18 of the last 19 years, winning seven times. Clark Diggs has been ranked in the top 10 in the world since 1991. Moreover, in 1998 at age 36, she was ranked number four in the world. This was her best ranking out of six such appearances. Title: Joel McNulty Passage: Joel M. McNulty was an American track and field athlete, who was active in the 1950s. A world class amateur hurdler, McNulty was an All Time Big 10 Conference Men’s Track and Field Winner. McNulty excelled at the 120y (now 110m) and 220y (obsolete) Hurdles. While at the University of Illinois, McNulty won Big Ten Conference, Track and Field (outdoor), competitions no fewer than 3 times (1952, 120y Hurdles, 14.4, and 1952 and 1953, 220y Hurdles, 24.8, both times). McNulty attended the University of Illinois on a scholarship as a sprinter. He, eventually, received both a B.S. and LL.B. from the University, was admitted to the bar in 1959 and, thereafter, had a long career as a business lawyer. McNulty was Alpha Tau Omega. Title: Foy Draper Passage: Foy Draper (November 26, 1911 – February 1, 1943) was an American track and field athlete who won a gold medal in 4 × 100 m relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics. As a University of Southern California student, Draper won the IC4A championships in 200 m in 1935. Title: University of Kansas Passage: The school's sports teams, wearing crimson and royal blue, are called the Kansas Jayhawks. They participate in the NCAA's Division I and in the Big 12 Conference. KU has won thirteen National Championships: five in men's basketball (two Helms Foundation championships and three NCAA championships), three in men's indoor track and field, three in men's outdoor track and field, one in men's cross country and one in women's outdoor track and field. The home course for KU Cross Country is Rim Rock Farm. Their most recent championship came on June 8, 2013 when the KU women's track and field team won the NCAA outdoor in Eugene, Oregon becoming the first University of Kansas women's team to win a national title.	[ "Tyrel Reed", "University of Kansas" ]
What year was the city Inter caetera's author died in conquered?	1870	[]	Title: Cardinal (Catholic Church) Passage: Pope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a maximum of 120, but set no limit on the number of cardinals generally. He also established a maximum age of eighty years for electors. His action deprived twenty-five living cardinals, including the three living cardinals elevated by Pope Pius XI, of the right to participate in a conclave.[citation needed] Popes can dispense from church laws and have sometimes brought the number of cardinals under the age of 80 to more than 120. Pope Paul VI also increased the number of cardinal bishops by giving that rank to patriarchs of the Eastern Catholic Churches. Title: Ann Little Passage: Ann Little died at age 93, in Los Angeles, and was interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California. Title: Saint Passage: On 3 January 993, Pope John XV became the first pope to proclaim a person a ``saint ''from outside the diocese of Rome: on the petition of the German ruler, he had canonized Bishop Ulrich of Augsburg. Before that time, the popular`` cults'', or venerations, of saints had been local and spontaneous and were confirmed by the local bishop. Pope John XVIII subsequently permitted a cult of five Polish martyrs. Pope Benedict VIII later declared the Armenian hermit Symeon to be a saint, but it was not until the pontificate of Pope Innocent III that the Popes reserved to themselves the exclusive authority to canonize saints, so that local bishops needed the confirmation of the Pope. Walter of Pontoise was the last person in Western Europe to be canonized by an authority other than the Pope: Hugh de Boves, the Archbishop of Rouen, canonized him in 1153. Thenceforth a decree of Pope Alexander III in 1170 reserved the prerogative of canonization to the Pope, in so far as the Latin Church was concerned. Title: Pope Alexander VI Passage: On 25 January 1494, Ferdinand I died and was succeeded by his son Alfonso II (1494–1495). Charles VIII of France now advanced formal claims on the Kingdom of Naples. Alexander authorised him to pass through Rome, ostensibly on a crusade against the Ottoman Empire, without mentioning Naples. But when the French invasion became a reality Pope Alexander VI became alarmed, recognised Alfonso II as king of Naples, and concluded an alliance with him in exchange for various fiefs for his sons (July 1494). A military response to the French threat was set in motion: a Neapolitan army was to advance through the Romagna and attack Milan, while the fleet was to seize Genoa. Both expeditions were badly conducted and failed, and on 8 September Charles VIII crossed the Alps and joined Ludovico il Moro at Milan. The Papal States were in turmoil, and the powerful Colonna faction seized Ostia in the name of France. Charles VIII rapidly advanced southward, and after a short stay in Florence, set out for Rome (November 1494). Title: Southern Europe Passage: The period between 1815 and 1871 saw a large number of revolutionary attempts and independence wars. Balkan nations began to regain independence from the Ottoman Empire. Italy unified into a nation state. The capture of Rome in 1870 ended the Papal temporal power. Rivalry in a scramble for empires spread in what is known as The Age of Empire. Title: Braccio da Montone Passage: In the next August Ladislaus died, and Braccio freed Bologna after receiving a payment of 180,000 gold ducats. He thus invaded and conquered most of Umbria, his goal being again the beloved Perugia. The city gave itself to Carlo Malatesta. At the battle of Sant'Egidio (12 July 1416, later portrayed in a famous fresco by Paolo Uccello), the "bracceschi" were victorious, and Perugia was finally forced to open its gates to Braccio da Montone. Other Umbrian cities, such as Todi, Narni, Orvieto and Terni named him as lord: at this point, Braccio da Montone was ready to form a state for himself in central Italy. He asked the newly elected Pope Martin V to name him Papal vicar for Umbria, but Martin replied by sending against him two armies under Guidantonio da Montefeltro, from the north, and under Sforza, from the South, but Montone defeated them at Spoleto. On 14 March 1419 he met the Pope in Florence, obtaining the long-awaited title (including the lordships of Perugia, Todi, Assisi, Spello, Jesi and others) in exchange for ousting Antongaleazzo Bentivoglio from Bologna. After conquering the latter, he could finally retreat in Perugia to enjoy ruling the city which had ousted him and his family many years ago. Title: Pope Marcellus I Passage: Pope Marcellus I (6 January 255 – 16 January 309) was the Bishop of Rome or Pope from May or June 308 to his death in 309. He succeeded Pope Marcellinus after a considerable interval. Under Maxentius, he was banished from Rome in 309, on account of the tumult caused by the severity of the penances he had imposed on Christians who had lapsed under the recent persecution. He died the same year, being succeeded by Pope Eusebius. His relics are under the altar of San Marcello al Corso in Rome. His third-class feast day is kept on January 16. Title: Dudum siquidem Passage: Dudum siquidem (Latin for "A short while ago") is a papal bull issued by Pope Alexander VI on , one of the Bulls of Donation addressed to the Catholic Monarchs Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon which supplemented the bull "Inter caetera" and purported to grant to them "all islands and mainlands whatsoever, found and to be found, discovered and to be discovered, that are or may be or may seem to be in the route of navigation or travel towards the west or south, whether they be in western parts, or in the regions of the south and east and of India". Title: Randolph Strickland Passage: Randolph Strickland resumed the practice of law and died at the age of 57 in Battle Creek, Michigan. He is interred in DeWitt Cemetery of DeWitt. Title: Republic of Florence Passage: The republic had a checkered history of coups and counter-coups against various factions. The Medici faction gained governance of the city in 1434, upon Cosimo de 'Medici's counter-coup against the faction that had sent him into exile the previous year. The Medici kept control of Florence until 1494. Giovanni de' Medici (later Pope Leo X) re-conquered the republic in 1512. Title: David A. Noble Passage: David A. Noble died in Monroe, Michigan and was interred in Woodland Cemetery. He was the father of Henry Shaw Noble and John Savage Noble. Title: The Hundred Brothers Passage: The Hundred Brothers is a 1997 novel by American author Donald Antrim. The substance of the novel consists of the nocturnal reunion of one hundred brothers in the library of their ancestral home, as they attempt to locate and inter the ashes of their deceased father, an insane monarch, drink heavily, and manifest a variety of mildly homicidal sibling rivalries. The novel was a finalist for the PEN/Faulkner Award in 1998. In his introduction to the novel, Jonathan Franzen wrote, ""The Hundred Brothers" is possibly the strangest novel ever published by an American. Its author, Donald Antrim, is arguably more unlike any other living writer than any other living writer."	[ "Southern Europe", "Pope Alexander VI", "Dudum siquidem" ]
In what century did the person for whom Murska Sobota Cathedral was named become the influence for Santa Claus wearing red?	4th	[]	Title: Red Passage: Red is the color most commonly associated with joy and well being. It is the color of celebration and ceremony. A red carpet is often used to welcome distinguished guests. Red is also the traditional color of seats in opera houses and theaters. Scarlet academic gowns are worn by new Doctors of Philosophy at degree ceremonies at Oxford University and other schools. In China, it is considered the color of good fortune and prosperity, and it is the color traditionally worn by brides. In Christian countries, it is the color traditionally worn at Christmas by Santa Claus, because in the 4th century the historic Saint Nicholas was the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra, in modern-day Turkey, and bishops then dressed in red. Title: Murska Sobota Cathedral Passage: Murska Sobota Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Nicholas in the town of Murska Sobota, Slovenia. It has been the episcopal seat of the diocese of Murska Sobota since the diocese was created in 2006. Title: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (soundtrack) Passage: Burl Ives -- voice of Sam the Snowman (``A Holly Jolly Christmas, ''`` Silver and Gold,'' ``Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer '') Stan Francis -- voice of Santa Claus (`` Jingle, Jingle, Jingle'') Janis Orenstein -- voice of Clarice (``There's Always Tomorrow '') Billie Mae Richards -- voice of Rudolph (`` We're A Couple Of Misfits'') Paul Soles -- voice of Hermey (``We're A Couple Of Misfits '') Maury Laws -- musical director of the Videocraft TV Musical Decca Concert Orchestra (side B instrumentals) Herbert Rehbein -- conductor, Decca Concert Orchestra Title: Holiday World & Splashin' Safari Passage: Holiday World & Splashin 'Safari Slogan # 1 for Family Fun! Location Santa Claus, Indiana, United States Coordinates 38 ° 07 ′ 08 ''N 86 ° 54 ′ 58'' W / 38.119 ° N 86.916 ° W / 38.119; - 86.916 Coordinates: 38 ° 07 ′ 08 ''N 86 ° 54 ′ 58'' W / 38.119 ° N 86.916 ° W / 38.119; - 86.916 Owner Koch Development Corporation Operated by Koch Development Corporation General Manager Matthew Eckert Opened August 3, 1946 (1946 - 08 - 03) Previous names Santa Claus Land (1946 - 83) Operating season April through October Visitors per annum 1,100,000 + (2010) Area 125 acres (0.51 km) Rides Total 51 Roller coasters 5 Water rides Website Official website Title: Santa Claus's reindeer Passage: The enduring popularity of the Christmas song ``Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer ''has led to Rudolph often joining the list, bringing the number of Santa Claus's reindeer up to nine. Title: The Year Without a Santa Claus Passage: The Year Without a Santa Claus is a 1974 Christmas stop motion animated television special produced by Rankin / Bass Productions. The story is based on Phyllis McGinley's 1956 book of the same name, illustrated by Kurt Werth. It was originally broadcast on December 10, 1974 on ABC. Title: History of the Detroit Red Wings Passage: Chicago grain merchant James E. Norris bought the team in 1932. His first act was to change the team's name to the Red Wings. Norris believed the new name would help the team curry favor with Detroit's auto industry, and also wanted to pay homage to a hockey team for whom he had played earlier in the century, the Montreal Hockey Club -- nicknamed the Winged Wheelers. He also designed the first logo for the Red Wings, which is more or less the same logo that is used today. Title: Who Killed Santa Claus? Passage: Who Killed Santa Claus? ("L'Assassinat du père Noël") is a 1941 French drama film by Christian-Jaque. This adaptation of Pierre Véry's novel of the same name was the first film produced by Continental Films. Title: Red coat (military uniform) Passage: Red coat or Redcoat is a historical item of military clothing used widely, though not exclusively worn, by most regiments of the British Army from the 17th to the 20th centuries. From the mid-17th century to the 19th century, the uniform of most British soldiers (apart from artillery, rifles and light cavalry) included a madder red coat or coatee. From 1873 onwards, the more vivid shade of scarlet was adopted for all ranks, having previously been worn only by officers, sergeants and all ranks of some cavalry regiments. Title: Fred Claus Passage: Vince Vaughn as Frederick ``Fred ''Claus Liam James as Young Fred Paul Giamatti as Nicholas`` Nick'' / ``Santa ''Claus Theo Stevenson as Young Nick Rachel Weisz as Wanda Blinkowski, Fred's girlfriend and a parking enforcement officer. Miranda Richardson as Mrs. Annette Claus, Nick's wife. Kevin Spacey as Clyde Archibald Northcutt, an efficiency expert who comes to assess the situation at the North Pole. The film's main antagonist. Kathy Bates and Trevor Peacock as Mother and Father Claus, Fred and Nick's parents. Peacock also serves as the narrator. John Michael Higgins as Willie, an elf whom Fred befriends and helps to hook up with Charlene. Elizabeth Banks as Charlene, a tall, blond elf whom Willie becomes enamored with. Bobb'e J. Thompson as Samuel`` Slam'' Gibbons, a young orphan boy that Fred mentors. Ludacris as DJ Donnie Allan Corduner as Dr. Goldfarb Frank Stallone, Roger Clinton, Jr. and Stephen Baldwin as themselves Jeffrey Dean Morgan (cameo) as unnamed man getting parking ticket. Title: Juan Galván Jiménez Passage: Juan Galván (or Galbán) Jiménez (19 November 1596 – 1658), a Spanish painter, was born at Luesia, in the kingdom of Aragon. According to Palomino, he went to Rome for improvement, where he remained some time, and on his return to Spain in 1624 resided chiefly at Zaragoza, where he was named painter by the Corporation, and executed various pictures for the cathedral and Carmelite convent. For the cathedral of Zaragoza he executed pictures of the "Nativity," "Santa Justa," and "Santa Rufina," as well as other large works, which Cean Bermudez praises for their colouring. He painted the cupola of Santa Justa y Rufina, and a picture of the "Trinity" for the Barefooted Carmelites; but his principal work was the "Birth of the Virgin." He died at Zaragoza. Title: Bologna Cathedral Passage: Bologna Cathedral (, "Cattedrale di Bologna"), dedicated to Saint Peter, is the cathedral of Bologna in Italy, and the seat and the metropolitan cathedral of the Archbishop of Bologna. Most of the present building dates from the 17th century, with a few parts from the late 16th century.	[ "Murska Sobota Cathedral", "Red" ]
When did the Kuomintang defeat and take over the city the capitol was moved to?	1928	[]	Title: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country Passage: Left Grouping of the Valencian Country (in Catalan: "Agrupament d'Esquerra del País Valencià") was a political group created in 1982 out of a nationalist splinter-group of the Communist Party of the Valencian Country (PCPV), the 'possibilist' sector of the Socialist Party of National Liberation of the Catalan Countries (PSAN) and independent leftwing nationalists. AEPV was registered as a political party. Soon after its foundation AEPV initiated cooperation with the Nationalist Party of the Valencian Country (PNPV) and the Left Unity of the Valencian Country (UEPV), with whom AEPV founded the coalition Valencian People's Union (UPV). Title: Breton National Party Passage: The Breton National Party (French "Parti National Breton", Breton "Strollad Broadel Breizh") was a nationalist party in Brittany that existed from 1931 to 1944. The party was disbanded after the liberation of France in World War II, because of ties to the Third Reich. Title: Long March Passage: The Long March (October 1934 -- October 1935) was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army. There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south escaped to the north and west. The best known is the march from Jiangxi province which began in October 1934. The First Front Army of the Chinese Soviet Republic, led by an inexperienced military commission, was on the brink of annihilation by Generalissimo Chiang Kai - shek's troops in their stronghold in Jiangxi province. The Communists, under the eventual command of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, escaped in a circling retreat to the west and north, which reportedly traversed over 9,000 kilometers (5600 miles) over 370 days. The route passed through some of the most difficult terrain of western China by traveling west, then north, to Shaanxi. Title: Sean Lien Passage: Sean Lien is the eldest son of Lien Fang Yu and Lien Chan, who served as the Chairman of the Kuomintang party and was the Vice President of Taiwan. He is the grandson of Lien Chen-tung, and the great grandson of Lian Heng. He has a brother and two sisters. He is married to Patty Tsai. Title: Nationalist government Passage: The following year, Chiang Kai - shek became the de facto leader of the Kuomintang (KMT). Chiang led the Northern Expedition through China with the intention of defeating the warlords and unifying the country. Chiang received the help of the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party; however, he soon dismissed his Soviet advisors. He was convinced, not without reason, that they wanted to get rid of the KMT (also known as the Chinese Nationalist Party) and take over. Chiang decided to strike first and purged the Communists, killing thousands of them. At the same time, other violent conflicts took place in the south of China where the Communist Party fielded superior numbers and were massacring Nationalist supporters. These events eventually led to the Chinese Civil War between the Nationalist Party and the Communist Party. Chiang Kai - shek pushed the Communist Party into the interior as he sought to destroy them, and moved the Nationalist Government to Nanjing in 1927. Leftists within the KMT still allied to the communists, lead by Wang Jingwei, had established a rival Nationalist Government in Wuhan two months earlier, but soon joined Chiang in Nanjing in August 1927. By the following year, Chiang's army had captured Beijing after overthrowing the Beiyang government and unified the entire nation, at least nominally, marking the beginning the Nanjing Decade. Title: Nanjing Passage: On 21 April, Communist forces crossed the Yangtze River. On April 23, 1949, the Communist People's Liberation Army (PLA) captured Nanjing. The KMT government retreated to Canton (Guangzhou) until October 15, Chongqing until November 25, and then Chengdu before retreating to Taiwan on December 10. By late 1949, the PLA was pursuing remnants of KMT forces southwards in southern China, and only Tibet was left. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, Nanjing was initially a province-level municipality, but it was soon merged into Jiangsu province and again became the provincial capital by replacing Zhenjiang which was transferred in 1928, and retains that status to this day. Title: Nanjing Passage: In 1927, the Kuomintang (KMT; Nationalist Party) under Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek again established Nanjing as the capital of the Republic of China, and this became internationally recognized once KMT forces took Beijing in 1928. The following decade is known as the Nanking decade. Title: Nanjing Passage: It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. Nanjing remained the capital of the Ming Empire until 1421, when the third emperor of the Ming dynasty, the Yongle Emperor, relocated the capital to Beijing. Title: Socialist Party of Latvia Passage: The Socialist Party of Latvia (, LSP, ) was formed in 1994, as a successor party to the Communist Party of Latvia, which was banned in 1991. In essence, the party is communist; according to the "programme of the party", the LSP was founded as an organization upholding socialist ideas after the 1991 events that the party describes as a 'counter-revolutionary bourgeois-nationalist coup'. Title: Sino-Soviet relations Passage: In 1921 the Soviet Union began supporting the Kuomintang (KMT), and in 1923 the Comintern instructed the Chinese Communist Party (commonly abbreviated as CCP) to sign a military treaty with the KMT. On May 31, 1924, the two governments signed an agreement to establish diplomatic relations, while the Soviet government renounced in that agreement all privileges granted to the Tsarist government in China. But in 1926 KMT leader Chiang Kai - shek abruptly dismissed his Soviet advisers and imposed restrictions on CCP participation in the government. By 1927, after the conclusion of the Northern Expedition, Chiang purged the CCP from the KMT - CCP alliance, resulting in the Chinese Civil War which would last until 1949, a few months after the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, led by Mao Zedong. During the war the Soviets gave some support to the CCP, which in 1934 suffered a crushing blow when the KMT brought an end to the Chinese Soviet Republic, thus causing the CCP's Long March from Shaanxi. The Soviet Union tried and failed in an attempt to make the Hui hostile to China. Title: Víctor Isla Passage: From 1986 to 1992, Víctor Isla studied law and political science at the National University of San Marcos in Lima. From 1994 to 2002 he worked as an independent lawyer and outside adviser. In 1998, he was elected provincial councillor in his hown province of Alto Amazonas representing the We Are Peru party. In the 2002 regional election, he was elected vice president of the Loreto Region. In 2006, he was elected Congressman on the joint Union for Peru-Peruvian Nationalist Party list representing the constituency of Loreto for the 2006-2011 term. Isla returned to his alma mater to take a postgradual course in constitutional and human rights laws from 2008 to 2009. He was reelected for the 2011-2016 term, this time on the Nationalist-dominated Peru Wins list. Title: Tsai Ing-wen Passage: Tsai studied law and international trade, and later became a law professor at Soochow University School of Law and National Chengchi University after earning an LLB from National Taiwan University, an LLM from Cornell Law School and a Ph.D. in law from the London School of Economics and Political Science. In 1993, as an independent (without party affiliation), she was appointed to a series of governmental positions, including trade negotiator for WTO affairs, by the then-ruling Kuomintang (KMT) and was one of the chief drafters of the special state-to-state relations doctrine of then President Lee Teng-hui.	[ "Nanjing" ]
What is the size of the place where The Visit's lyricist died in square miles?	305	[]	Title: Gonzales County, Texas Passage: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water. Title: Rules of chess Passage: The rooks are placed on the outside corners, right and left edge. The knights are placed immediately inside of the rooks. The bishops are placed immediately inside of the knights. The queen is placed on the central square of the same color of that of the player: white queen on the white square and black queen on the black square. The king takes the vacant spot next to the queen. The pawns are placed one square in front of all of the other pieces. Title: Miglia Quadrato Passage: The Miglia Quadrato is an annual car treasure hunt which takes place on the second or third weekend in May within the City of London (known as the 'Square Mile'). It is organised by the United Hospitals and University of London Motoring Club (UHULMC). The event has a long history - the fifty-ninth event took place on the evening/morning of 18/19 May 2019. Title: Sydney Passage: Sydney is a coastal basin with the Tasman Sea to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north, and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The inner city measures 25 square kilometres (10 square miles), the Greater Sydney region covers 12,367 square kilometres (4,775 square miles), and the city's urban area is 1,687 square kilometres (651 square miles) in size. Title: New York City Passage: Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 8,491,079 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. By 2014 census estimates, the New York City metropolitan region remains by a significant margin the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.1 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.6 million residents). In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of nearly US$1.39 trillion, while in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion, both ranking first nationally by a wide margin and behind the GDP of only twelve and eleven countries, respectively. Title: List of municipalities in New Jersey Passage: This is a list of the 565 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state -- boroughs (250), cities (52), towns (15), townships (245), and villages (4). New Jersey, the fourth - smallest state, covers 8,722 square miles (22,590 km), meaning the average land size of a municipality in the state is about 15 square miles (39 km) -- but note the wide range of actual sizes in the map at right. Title: List of counties in Georgia Passage: Counties of Georgia Location State of Georgia Number 159 Populations Greatest: 1,010,562 (Fulton) Least: 1,680 (Taliaferro) Average: 64,845 (2016) Areas Largest: 903 square miles (2,340 km) (Ware) Smallest: 121 square miles (310 km) (Clarke) Average: 374 square miles (970 km) Government County government Subdivisions Cities, towns, unincorporated communities, census designated place Title: Oklahoma City Passage: As of the 2010 census, there were 579,999 people, 230,233 households, and 144,120 families residing in the city. The population density was 956.4 inhabitants per square mile (321.9/km²). There were 256,930 housing units at an average density of 375.9 per square mile (145.1/km²). Title: Theme from New York, New York Passage: "Theme from "New York, New York"" (or "New York, New York") is the theme song from the Martin Scorsese film "New York, New York" (1977), composed by John Kander, with lyrics by Fred Ebb. It was written for and performed in the film by Liza Minnelli. It remains one of the best-known songs about New York City. In 2004 it finished #31 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American Cinema. Title: The Visit (musical) Passage: The Visit is a musical with a book by Terrence McNally, lyrics by Fred Ebb, and music by John Kander. Title: New York (state) Passage: New York covers 54,555 square miles (141,300 km) and ranks as the 27th largest state by size. The highest elevation in New York is Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks, at 5,344 feet (1,629 meters) above sea level; while the state's lowest point is at sea level, on the Atlantic Ocean. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size.	[ "Theme from New York, New York", "The Visit (musical)", "New York City" ]
When did humans begin to live in Chen's residence in 2005?	3000 BC	[]	Title: Ye Rongguang Passage: Ye Rongguang (; born October 3, 1963 in Wenzhou, Zhejiang) is a retired Chinese chess Grandmaster, who in 1990, became the first ever Chinese player to gain the Grandmaster title. He was for more than ten years the coach of women's world chess champion Zhu Chen. He lives in the Netherlands, and was appointed Vice-Chairman of the Netherlands Chinese Photographic Society. Title: Grey's Anatomy Passage: Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement. The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships. The title is a play on Gray's Anatomy, a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray. Title: World population Passage: In demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living, and was estimated to have reached 7.6 billion people as of May 2018. Title: History of San Francisco Passage: The earliest evidence of human habitation in what is now the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Native Americans who settled in this region found the bay to be a resource for hunting and gathering, leading to the establishment of many small villages. Collectively, these early Native Americans are now known as the Ohlone, and the language they spoke belonged to the Miwok family. Their trade patterns included places as far away as Baja California, the Mojave Desert and Yosemite. Title: Live in California 74 Passage: Live in California 74 is a live DVD of the first California Jam concert performance from Deep Purple released in 2005. It was recorded and aired live by ABC-TV on 6 April 1974 at the Ontario Speedway near Los Angeles, California. This concert was one of the first ever music concerts issued on videotape and laser disc in 1981 under the title "California Jam" in Japan and the UK. Title: Dead Messenger Passage: Dead Messenger is a Canadian power pop/rock band from Montreal, Quebec, Canada. They were formed in 2005 and have released three albums. Their frenetic, high energy live performances have garnered them a reputation as one of the better live bands in Montreal. Title: Streetsmartz Passage: Streetsmartz is an Australian television series. Streetsmartz is centred on the lives of a group of children, their friends and family who live in Fremantle, in Western Australia. Three series, with a total of 39 episodes, were screened in 2005 and 2006 on the Nine Network. Title: Nonviolent Communication Passage: Nonviolent Communication (abbreviated NVC, also called Compassionate Communication or Collaborative Communication) is an approach to nonviolent living developed by Marshall Rosenberg beginning in the 1960s. Title: YouTube Passage: According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco. Karim did not attend the party and denied that it had occurred, but Chen commented that the idea that YouTube was founded after a dinner party "was probably very strengthened by marketing ideas around creating a story that was very digestible". Title: Soul of a Man (Eric Burdon album) Passage: Soul of a Man is a 2006 R&B album by Eric Burdon. It is dedicated to Ray Charles, John Lee Hooker and the city of New Orleans. It follows his 2004 comeback album "My Secret Life" and the 2005 live album & DVD "Athens Traffic Live". Title: List of countries by homeless population Passage: It is estimated 150 million people are homeless worldwide. Habitat for Humanity estimated in 2015 that 1.6 billion people around the world live in ``inadequate shelter ''. Title: Steve Chen Passage: Chen was an employee at PayPal, where he first met Chad Hurley and Jawed Karim. Chen was also an early employee at Facebook, although he left after several months to start YouTube.In 2005, Chad Hurley, Jawed Karim and Chen founded YouTube, with Chen having the position of chief technology officer. In June 2006, Chen was named by Business 2.0 as one of "The 50 people who matter now" in business.On October 16, 2006, Chen and Hurley sold YouTube to Google, Inc. for $1.65 billion. Chen received 625,366 shares of Google and an additional 68,721 in a trust as part of the sale. As of 2018, the Google shares are valued at $729 million.He and Hurley started AVOS Systems which acquired Delicious from Yahoo! Inc.	[ "YouTube", "History of San Francisco" ]
When did the people for whom there was strong support in Posen come to the region where Philipsburg can be found?	1625	[]	Title: Philipsburg, Sint Maarten Passage: Philipsburg is the main town and capital of the country of Sint Maarten. The town is situated on a narrow stretch of land between Great Bay and the Great Salt Pond. It functions as the commercial center of Saint Martin island, whereof Sint Maarten encompasses the southern half. , it has 1,327 inhabitants. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: In the Prussian province of Posen, with a large Polish population, there was strong support for the French and angry demonstrations at news of Prussian-German victories—a clear manifestation of Polish nationalist feeling. Calls were also made for Polish recruits to desert from the Prussian Army—though these went mainly unheeded. An alarming report on the Posen situation, sent to Bismarck on 16 August 1870, led to the quartering of reserve troop contingents in the restive province. The Franco-Prussian War thus turned out to be a significant event also in German–Polish relations, marking the beginning of a prolonged period of repressive measures by the authorities and efforts at Germanisation. Title: French West Indies Passage: Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc was a French trader and adventurer in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint - Pierre, on the island of Martinique in 1635. Belain sailed to the Caribbean in 1625, hoping to establish a French settlement on the island of St. Christopher (St. Kitts). In 1626 he returned to France, where he won the support of Cardinal Richelieu to establish French colonies in the region. Richelieu became a shareholder in the Compagnie de Saint - Christophe, created to accomplish this with d'Esnambuc at its head. The company was not particularly successful and Richelieu had it reorganized as the Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique. In 1635 d'Esnambuc sailed to Martinique with one hundred French settlers to clear land for sugarcane plantations. Title: Atlantis Chaos Passage: Atlantis Chaos is a region of chaos terrain in the Phaethontis quadrangle of Mars. It is located around 34.7° south latitude, and 177.6° west longitude. It is encompassed by the Atlantis basin. The region is across, and was named after an albedo feature at 30° S, 173° W. Title: Acidalia Planitia Passage: Acidalia Planitia is a plain on Mars. It is located between the Tharsis volcanic province and Arabia Terra to the north of Valles Marineris, centered at . Most of this region is found in the Mare Acidalium quadrangle, but a small part is in the Ismenius Lacus quadrangle. The plain contains the famous Cydonia region at the contact with the heavily cratered highland terrain. Title: Posen Township, Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota Passage: Posen Township is a township in Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 234 at the 2000 census. Title: Princess Juliana International Airport Passage: Princess Juliana International Airport is the main airport on the Caribbean island of Saint Martin/Sint Maarten. The airport is located on the Dutch side of the island, in the country of Sint Maarten. In 2015, the airport handled 1,829,543 passengers and around 60,000 aircraft movements. The airport serves as a hub for Windward Islands Airways and is the major gateway for the smaller Leeward Islands, including Anguilla, Saba, St. Barthélemy and St. Eustatius. It is named after Queen Juliana, who landed here while still only heir presumptive in 1944, the year after the airport opened. The airport has very low-altitude flyover landing approaches, owing to one end of its runway being extremely close to the shore and Maho Beach. There is also an airport on the French side of the island, in the French Collectivity of Saint Martin, called Aéroport de Grand Case or L'Espérance Airport. Title: Pierre-Antoine Antonelle Passage: Pierre-Antoine Antonelle (17 July 1747 – 26 November 1817) was a French journalist, politician, president of the Jacobin Club and revolutionary. He was the first democratically elected mayor of Arles. Although he came from an aristocratic family, he was a strong supporter of the French Revolution, initially in the south of France, particularly Arles and Provence, and ultimately in Paris. Called the single most influential figure of the French Revolution in Arles, Antonelle was heavily involved in the reunion of the Comtat Venaissin with France and was one of the leading figures in Gracchus Babeuf's Conspiracy of the Equals. Title: United States Capitol Passage: The United States Congress was established upon ratification of the United States Constitution and formally began on March 4, 1789. New York City remained home to Congress until July 1790, when the Residence Act was passed to pave the way for a permanent capital. The decision to locate the capital was contentious, but Alexander Hamilton helped broker a compromise in which the federal government would take on war debt incurred during the American Revolutionary War, in exchange for support from northern states for locating the capital along the Potomac River. As part of the legislation, Philadelphia was chosen as a temporary capital for ten years (until December 1800), until the nation's capital in Washington, D.C., would be ready. Title: South Philipsburg, Pennsylvania Passage: South Philipsburg is a census-designated place (CDP), formerly a borough, located in Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 410 at the 2010 census. As of January 1, 2007, the borough government was dissolved and the area reverted to Rush Township. Title: Royal Society Range Passage: The Royal Society Range () is a majestic mountain range in Victoria Land, Antarctica. With its summit at , the massive Mount Lister forms the highest point in this range. Mount Lister is located along the western shore of McMurdo Sound between the Koettlitz, Skelton and Ferrar glaciers. Other notable local terrain features include Allison Glacier, which descends from the west slopes of the Royal Society Range into Skelton Glacier. Title: Gudgenby River Passage: The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.	[ "Philipsburg, Sint Maarten", "Princess Juliana International Airport", "Franco-Prussian War", "French West Indies" ]
Who plays the performer of Wise Up in the movie I Can Only Imagine?	Nicole DuPort	[]	Title: Armin van Buuren Passage: He collaborated with his brother, guitarist Eller van Buuren, at Together As One in Los Angeles, U.S., on New Year's Eve 2009, as well as on Armin's 2008 studio album Imagine. His performance with his brother at Together As One was also the last event of his Armin Only: Imagine world tour. To celebrate the 400th episode of A State of Trance, he performed at three shows with various artists in April, 2009 at Club Butan, Wuppertal, Germany, AIR, Birmingham, United Kingdom and Maassilo, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Title: Suzanne Legrand Passage: Suzanne Legrand is a French actress, musical theater performer and writer. Her career started on French TV with the series by in which she played the part of the youngest daughter. Since then she has played in many television series, movies, theater plays and musicals, in France and in the US. She has received several awards in international film festivals for her performance in La pisseuse ("Desperate") which she also wrote and directed with Frederic Benzaquen. Title: Kalwi & Remi Passage: Kalwi & Remi are a Polish DJ duo formed in 2003, performing electronic dance music. They rose to fame in 2006 when their song "Explosion" became an international club hit. The duo have performed in venues across Europe and the US, and collaborated with Judge Jules, Amanda Wilson, John Christian, Afrika Islam, and the Ministry of Sound, among others. Their other hits include "Imagination", "Stop (Falling Down)", "Kiss", "Girls", "You and I", and "Unbreakable". Title: Wise Up (Amy Grant song) Passage: "Wise Up" is a 1985 single by Christian music singer Amy Grant. It was released as the third single from her "Unguarded" album. The song reached The Billboard 100, as well as the Adult Contemporary and Christian music charts in the United States. Title: Mollie McConnell Passage: Mollie McConnell (September 24, 1865 – December 9, 1920) was an American silent film actress. Before her 1913 movie debut, she was a national and international theater performer. In 1914, she signed a contract with Balboa Amusement Producing Company and played matronly roles in many of their films. She starred with William Garwood in the 1914 western "A Ticket to Red Horse Gulch". Title: I Can Only Imagine (film) Passage: J. Michael Finley as Bart Millard Brody Rose as Young Bart Dennis Quaid as Arthur Millard, Bart's father Tanya Clarke as Adele Cloris Leachman as Meemaw, Bart's grandmother Madeline Carroll as Shannon, Bart's girlfriend Taegen Burns as Young Shannon Trace Adkins as Scott Brickell, MercyMe's manager Priscilla Shirer as Mrs. Fincher, Bart's teacher Nicole DuPort as Amy Grant Jake B. Miller as Michael W. Smith Mark Furze as Nathan Title: San Diego Passage: The San Diego Symphony at Symphony Towers performs on a regular basis and is directed by Jahja Ling. The San Diego Opera at Civic Center Plaza, directed by Ian Campbell, was ranked by Opera America as one of the top 10 opera companies in the United States. Old Globe Theatre at Balboa Park produces about 15 plays and musicals annually. The La Jolla Playhouse at UCSD is directed by Christopher Ashley. Both the Old Globe Theatre and the La Jolla Playhouse have produced the world premieres of plays and musicals that have gone on to win Tony Awards or nominations on Broadway. The Joan B. Kroc Theatre at Kroc Center's Performing Arts Center is a 600-seat state-of-the-art theatre that hosts music, dance, and theatre performances. The San Diego Repertory Theatre at the Lyceum Theatres in Horton Plaza produces a variety of plays and musicals. Hundreds of movies and a dozen TV shows have been filmed in San Diego, a tradition going back as far as 1898. Title: Hell and Silence Passage: Hell and Silence is the second extended play (EP) by American rock band Imagine Dragons, released on June 1, 2010. It was recorded at Battle Born Studios. All songs were written by Imagine Dragons and self-produced; the EP was in part mixed by Grammy nominated engineer Mark Needham. Most of the songs on this EP were remastered and included on "Night Visions", excluding "All Eyes" and "Emma". Title: Three Wise Guys Passage: Three Wise Guys is a 2005 American television movie. It is directed by Robert Iscove and starring Eddie McClintock, Jodi Lyn O'Keefe, Judd Nelson, Nicholas Turturro, Roddy Piper, Tom Arnold and Katey Sagal. Title: Wise River Passage: The Wise River is a tributary of the Big Hole River, approximately 30 mi (48 km) long, in southwestern Montana in the United States. It rises in the Beaverhead National Forest in the Pioneer Mountains in Beaverhead County. It flows NNW through the mountains and joins the Big Hole near the town of Wise River. The river has also been known as Elkhorn Creek. Title: Foxfire (play) Passage: Foxfire is a play with songs, book by Susan Cooper, Hume Cronyn, music by Jonathan Brielle (Holtzman) and lyrics by Susan Cooper, Hume Cronyn, and Jonathan Brielle. The show was based on the "Foxfire" books, about Appalachian culture and traditions in north Georgia and the struggle to keep the traditions alive. The play was first produced at the Stratford Festival in 1980. The 1982 Broadway production starred Jessica Tandy, who won the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a Play and the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her performance. It costarred Hume Cronyn as well as Keith Carradine who played a country music performer selling out the old traditions to make a buck. Carradine sang most of the songs in the show and most notable were the close of Act 1, "My Feet Took T' Walkin'." It was later adapted as a TV movie, where Tandy played the same role and won an Emmy Award. Carradine was replaced with John Denver for the Hallmark movie. Other songs in the show included: "Sweet Talker," "Dear Lord," "Young Lady Take A Warning," and "Red Ear." Title: Dr. Dolittle 2 Passage: In the film, Dr. Dolittle tries to help the animals protect their forest from unscrupulous human developers. He decides to populate the forest with a species of animal that the law protects, and enlists the help of Ava (voiced by Lisa Kudrow), a lone Pacific western bear living in the condemned forest. To provide her with a mate, Dolittle turns to Archie (voiced by Steve Zahn), a wise - cracking circus - performing bear.	[ "Wise Up (Amy Grant song)", "I Can Only Imagine (film)" ]
Who was the spouse of the person for whom Islands in the Stream was written?	Anna Gordy Gaye	[]	Title: Howchin South Stream Passage: Howchin South Stream () is a meltwater stream draining from the south side of Howchin Glacier in the Denton Hills, Scott Coast, Antarctica. It flows eastward into Howchin Lake southward of Howchin North Stream. The stream was named by the New Zealand Geographic Board in 1994 in association with Howchin Glacier. Title: Blanche of Anjou Passage: Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as "Blanche of Naples". She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310. Title: Howchin North Stream Passage: Howchin North Stream () is a meltwater stream draining from the north side of Howchin Glacier in the Denton Hills, Scott Coast, Antarctica. It flows eastward into Howchin Lake northward of Howchin South Stream. The stream was named by the New Zealand Geographic Board in 1994 in association with Howchin Glacier. Title: Midge Lake Passage: Midge Lake is the largest among numerous freshwater lakes on the ice-free Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The feature is arcuate in shape, extending 575 m in southwest-northeast direction and 125 m wide, surmounted by Chester Cone on the southeast, and draining through a 2 km stream north-northeastwards into Baba Tonka Cove. Title: Dr. Hackenstein Passage: Dr. Hackenstein is a 1988 comedy horror film written and directed by Richard Clark and distributed by Troma Entertainment. After the death of his wife, Dr. Hackenstein (David Muir) concocts the perfect plan: with the help of a few graverobbers and a couple of lost girls, he can use the spare parts to reanimate his dead spouse and build a better woman. Title: Pine Island Glacier Passage: Pine Island Glacier (PIG) is a large ice stream, and the fastest melting glacier in Antarctica, responsible for about 25% of Antarctica's ice loss. The glacier ice streams flow west-northwest along the south side of the Hudson Mountains into Pine Island Bay, Amundsen Sea, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and United States Navy (USN) air photos, 1960–66, and named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in association with Pine Island Bay. Title: Black Sails (TV series) Passage: Black Sails is an American historical adventure television series set on New Providence Island and written to be a prequel to Robert Louis Stevenson's novel "Treasure Island". The series was created by Jonathan E. Steinberg and Robert Levine for Starz. It debuted online for free on YouTube and other various streaming platform and video on demand services on January 18, 2014. The debut on cable television followed a week later on January 25, 2014. Steinberg is executive producer, alongside Michael Bay, Brad Fuller and Andrew Form, while Michael Angeli, Doris Egan, and Levine are co-executive producers. Title: Islands in the Stream (song) Passage: ``Islands in the Stream ''is a song written by the Bee Gees and sung by American country music artists Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton. Named after the Ernest Hemingway novel, it was originally written for Marvin Gaye in an R&B style, only later to be changed for the Kenny Rogers album. It was released in August 1983 as the first single from Rogers' album Eyes That See in the Dark. Title: Goldstream River (Vancouver Island) Passage: The Goldstream River (Saanich: sʔə́ləq̕ʷtəɬ) is a river northwest of Victoria on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada . The river's name derives from a small gold rush in its basin during the 1860s, and was originally Gold Stream. Title: Harrison Stream Passage: Harrison Stream () is a small stream flowing west between Trachyte Hill and Cinder Hill to the north end of Romanes Beach on Ross Island, Antarctica. It was mapped by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition, 1958–59, and named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee for J. Harrison, mountaineer-assistant with the expedition. Title: Foundation Ice Stream Passage: Foundation Ice Stream is a major ice stream in Antarctica's Pensacola Mountains. The ice stream drains northward for along the west side of the Patuxent Range and the Neptune Range to enter the Ronne Ice Shelf westward of Dufek Massif. The United States Geological Survey mapped the stream from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1956–66. The Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names named the stream in recognition of the National Science Foundation, which provided major support to the U.S. Antarctic Research Program during this period. Title: Baby, I'm for Real Passage: "Baby, I'm for Real" is a soul ballad written by Marvin Gaye and Anna Gordy Gaye, produced by Marvin and recorded and released by American Motown vocal group The Originals for the Soul label issued in 1969.	[ "Islands in the Stream (song)", "Baby, I'm for Real" ]
When did the civil war start in the country that has songs similar to those in Somalia, along with Arabia and the country dera is located?	5 June 1983	[]	Title: Communications in Somalia Passage: After the start of the civil war, various new telecommunications companies began to spring up in the country and competed to provide missing infrastructure. Somalia now offers some of the most technologically advanced and competitively priced telecommunications and internet services in the world. Funded by Somali entrepreneurs and backed by expertise from China, Korea and Europe, these nascent telecommunications firms offer affordable mobile phone and internet services that are not available in many other parts of the continent. Customers can conduct money transfers (such as through the popular Dahabshiil) and other banking activities via mobile phones, as well as easily gain wireless Internet access. Title: Ogaden War Passage: The Ogaden War was a Somali military offensive between July 1977 and March 1978 over the disputed Ethiopian region of Ogaden, which began with the Somali invasion of Ethiopia. The Soviet Union disapproved of the invasion and ceased its support of Somalia, instead starting to support Ethiopia; the United States, conversely, ceased its support of Ethiopia and started supporting Somalia. Ethiopia was saved from a major defeat and a permanent loss of territory through a massive airlift of military supplies (worth $7 billion), the arrival of 16,000 Cuban troops, 1,500 Soviet advisors and two brigades from South Yemen, also airlifted to reinforce Harar. The Ethiopians prevailed at Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga, and began to push the Somalis systematically out of the Ogaden. By March 1978, the Ethiopians had captured almost all of the Ogaden, prompting the defeated Somalis to give up their claim to the region. A third of the initial Somali National Army invasion force was killed, and half of the Somali Airforce destroyed; the war left Somalia with a disorganized and demoralized army and an angry population. All of these conditions led to a revolt in the army which eventually spiraled into a civil war and Somalia's current situation. Title: Dressin' Up Passage: "Dressin' Up" is a song by American singer Katy Perry from "" (2012). It was written by Perry, Christopher "Tricky" Stewart, Monte Neuble, and Matt Thiessen, and produced by Stewart and Kuk Harrell. Musically, "Dressin' Up" incorporates the styles of electro and dance-rock, along with a prominent electronic dance production. Lyrically, the song speaks of dressing up in different outfits for a lover, and contains multiple innuendos. "Dressin' Up" garnered mixed reviews from critics, some of whom complimented its "fun" sound, while others denounced it as being too similar to Perry's other works. Upon the release of "Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection", the song charted on the UK Singles Chart at number 109. Title: River valley civilization Passage: Civilization first began in 3500 BCE, which along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East; the name given to that civilization, Mesopotamia, means ``land between the rivers ''. The Nile valley in Egypt had been home to agricultural settlements as early as 5500 BCE, but the growth of Egypt as a civilization began around 3100 BCE. A third civilization grew up along the Indus River around 2600 BCE, in parts of what are now India and Pakistan. The fourth great river civilization emerged around 1700 BCE along the Yellow River in China, also known as the Huang - He River Civilization. Title: Capital punishment by country Passage: Africa (6 countries): Botswana (1), Egypt (44 +), Nigeria (3), Somalia (14 (Puntland 1, Somaliland 6, Federal Government of Somalia 7)), South Sudan (unknown number), Sudan (3) Americas (1 country): USA (20) Asia - Pacific (15 countries): Afghanistan (6), Bangladesh (10), China (unknown number), Indonesia (4), Iran (567 +), Iraq (88 +), Japan (3), Malaysia (9), North Korea (unknown number), Pakistan (87 +), State of Palestine (3 (Hamas authorities, Gaza)), Saudi Arabia (154 +), Singapore (4), Taiwan (1), Vietnam (unknown number) Europe (1 country): Belarus (4 +) Title: Second Sudanese Civil War Passage: Second Sudanese Civil War Part of the Sudanese civil wars Guerrilla forces of the Sudan People's Liberation Army celebrate over a disabled tank. Date 5 June 1983 -- 9 January 2005 (21 years, 7 months and 4 days) Location Blue Nile, Nuba Mountains, Southern Sudan Result Stalemate Comprehensive Peace Agreement Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement Independence of the Republic of South Sudan following a 2011 referendum Sudan -- SPLM - N conflict Belligerents Sudan Armed Forces PDF Janjaweed SSDF SPLA - Nasir Nuer White Army Army of Peace LRA Non-combat aid: Iran SPLA SPLA - Torit SPDF ALF SSLM Anyanya II Eastern Coalition Combat aid: Uganda (from 1995) Ethiopia (1997) Eritrea (1996 - 1998) Commanders and leaders Gaafar Nimeiry Suwar al - Dahab Sadiq al - Mahdi Omar al - Bashir John Garang Salva Kiir Mayardit Dominic Dim Deng Riek Machar Peter Par Jiek Peter Gadet Casualties and losses 1 -- 2 million dead (mostly civilians, due to starvation and drought) Title: River valley civilization Passage: Civilization first began in 3500 BC, which along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the Middle East; the name given to that civilization, Mesopotamia, means ``land between the rivers ''. The Nile valley in Egypt had been home to agricultural settlements as early as 5500 BC, but the growth of Egypt as a civilization began around 3100 BC. A third civilization grew up along the Indus River around 2600 BC, in parts of what are now India and Pakistan. The fourth great river civilization emerged around 1700 BC along the Yellow River in China, also known as the Huang - He River Civilization. Title: Dera, Amhara (woreda) Passage: Dera is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Gondar Zone, Dera is bordered on the south by the Abbay River which separates it from the Mirab Gojjam Zone, on the west by Lake Tana, on the north by Fogera, on the northeast by Misraq Este, and on the east by Mirab Este. Towns in Dera include Amba Same, Arb Gebeya, Hamusit, and Qorata. Title: Najran Region Passage: Najran (Arabic: نجران‎ Najrān) is a region of Saudi Arabia, located in the south of the country along the border with Yemen. It has an area of 149,511 km². Its capital is Najran. Title: Somalis Passage: Somalis have a rich musical heritage centered on traditional Somali folklore. Most Somali songs are pentatonic. That is, they only use five pitches per octave in contrast to a heptatonic (seven note) scale, such as the major scale. At first listen, Somali music might be mistaken for the sounds of nearby regions such as Ethiopia, Sudan or Arabia, but it is ultimately recognizable by its own unique tunes and styles. Somali songs are usually the product of collaboration between lyricists (midho), songwriters (lahan) and singers ('odka or "voice"). Title: Are You Gonna Kiss Me or Not Passage: ``Are You Gonna Kiss Me or Not ''is a song written by Jim Collins and David Lee Murphy, and recorded by American country music duo Thompson Square. It was released in July 2010 as the second single from their self - titled debut album, which was released on February 8, 2011. The song has been certified 2 × Platinum by the RIAA. On November 30, the band received two nominations in 54th Grammy Awards for the song in Best Country Duo / Group Performance and Best Country Song but lost to`` Barton Hollow'' by The Civil Wars and ``Mean ''by Taylor Swift, respectively. Title: United Nations Security Council Resolution 775 Passage: United Nations Security Council resolution 775, adopted unanimously on 28 August 1992, after reaffirming resolutions 733 (1992), 746 (1992), 751 (1992) and 767 (1992) considering a report by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali on the ongoing civil war in Somalia, the Council decided to increase the strength of the United Nations Operation in Somalia I by an additional 3,000 personnel.	[ "Second Sudanese Civil War", "Dera, Amhara (woreda)", "Somalis" ]
Who's the girl on the show the network that TSCC aired on presents with friends?	Ainsley Earhardt	[]	Title: Wadjda Passage: Based in the 2000s, Wadjda, a spirited 10-year-old Saudi girl living in the capital Riyadh, dreams of owning a green bicycle that she passes in a store every day on her way to school. She wants to race against her friend Abdullah, a boy from the neighborhood, but riding bikes is frowned upon for girls and Wadjda's mother refuses to buy one for her daughter. The bike is expensive too, costing SR800. Title: Fox & Friends Passage: Fox & Friends is a daily morning conservative news / talk program that airs on Fox News Channel, hosted by Steve Doocy, Brian Kilmeade, and Ainsley Earhardt. Title: A League of Their Own Passage: In 1988, Dottie Hinson (Geena Davis) attends the opening of the new All - American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL) exhibit at the Baseball Hall of Fame. She sees many of her former teammates and friends, prompting a flashback to 1943. Title: Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles Passage: Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles (sometimes abbreviated as Terminator: TSCC or simply TSCC) is an American science fiction television series that aired on Fox from January 2008 to April 2009. The show was produced by Warner Bros. Television, and C2 Pictures (C2 Pictures was replaced by The Halcyon Company in season two). It is a spin-off from the Terminator series of films. It revolves around the lives of the fictional characters Sarah and John Connor, following the events of Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and ignoring the events of the 2003 sequel Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines and the following installments. The series premiered on Sunday, January 13, 2008, on the U.S. television network Fox. Production for the series was provided by the Judgment Day and Rise of the Machines producers and C2 Pictures, Sony Pictures Entertainment (International) co-presidents Mario Kassar and Andrew G. Vajna, C2 Senior Vice President James Middleton, David Nutter and Josh Friedman, who not only served as executive producer but also wrote the script for the first two episodes. Title: La liceale al mare con l'amica di papà Passage: La liceale al mare con l'amica di papà ("High School Girl at the Beach with Dad's Friend") is a 1980 commedia sexy all'italiana film directed by Marino Girolami and starring Renzo Montagnani. Although presented as the latest installment in the commercially successful "Liceale" series, the film despite its title and the token blonde high school girl character, has little to no resemblance to earlier films starring Gloria Guida. Title: New Girl (season 7) Passage: New Girl (season 7) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 8 Release Original network Fox Original release April 10 (2018 - 04 - 10) -- May 15, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 15) Season chronology ← Previous Season 6 List of New Girl episodes Title: Just for Kicks (TV series) Passage: Just for Kicks is an American comedy series that aired on the Nickelodeon television network as a part of the channel's TEENick television lineup. The series is about a group of girls on a soccer team set in New York City. Title: ConnectU Passage: ConnectU (originally HarvardConnection) was a social networking website launched on May 21, 2004, that was founded by Harvard students Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra in December 2002. Users could add people as friends, send them messages, and update their personal profiles to notify friends about themselves. Users were placed in networks based upon the domain name associated with the email address they used for registration. Title: The Powerpuff Girls Passage: The Powerpuff Girls is an American superhero animated television series created by animator Craig McCracken and produced by Hanna-Barbera (later Cartoon Network Studios) for Cartoon Network. The show centers on Blossom, Bubbles, and Buttercup, three kindergarten-aged girls with superpowers. The girls all live in the fictional city of Townsville, USA with their father and creator, a scientist named Professor Utonium, and are frequently called upon by the city's mayor to help fight nearby criminals and other enemies using their powers. Title: Spooky Little Girl Passage: "Spooky Little Girl" is the ninth episode of the of the television series "American Horror Story", which premiered on the network FX on November 30, 2011. The episode was written by Jennifer Salt and was directed by John Scott. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV). Title: Girl Stroke Boy Passage: Girl Stroke Boy is a 1971 British comedy-drama film directed by Bob Kellett and starring Joan Greenwood, Michael Hordern and Clive Francis. It was based on the play "Girl Friend" by David Percival. Title: Cybergirl Passage: Cybergirl is an Australian children's television series that first screened on Network Ten in Australia. The 26 episode series was created by Jonathan M. Shiff, whose previous series include the BAFTA-award-winning "Ocean Girl". Cybergirl has also screened on ABC on 6:00am, Thursday and on other networks outside Australia. In 2007 it aired as "Cy-An 6000" on the Kabillion on-demand network but no reason is given for the name change.	[ "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles", "Fox & Friends" ]
Who is the chief of police of the city Son of Sam's performer died?	Charles L. Beck	[]	Title: Fyodor Trepov (senior) Passage: After Dmitry Karakozov's assassination attempt on Alexander II in 1866, Trepov was appointed chief of Saint Petersburg's police force. He managed to put the city in order and improved the performance of the police. In 1867, Trepov was promoted to the rank of adjutant general. He was the Governor of St. Petersburg between 1873 and 1878. Title: Neighbourhood police centre Passage: A neighbourhood police centre (NPC) is a mid-sized police station in Singapore, introduced in 1997 to replace the Singapore Police Force's Neighbourhood Police Post (NPP) system. Based similarly on the concepts of community policing and modelled after the kōban system in Japan, it allows for police officers on the ground to perform more duties, particularly investigative work, which was previously in the hands of division-based officers. Title: Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department Passage: Chief of the City of Los Angeles Police Department Seal of the LAPD Flag of the Chief of the LAPD Incumbent Charles L. Beck since November 9, 2009 (2009 - 11 - 09) Los Angeles Police Department Style Chief of Police Member of Los Angeles City Council Seat Los Angeles County, California, U.S. Appointer Mayor of Los Angeles Inaugural holder Jacob F. Gerkens Formation December 18, 1876 Salary $307,291 Website (1) Title: William Moore (police officer) Passage: William "Mugsy" Moore (1930 – August 6, 2007) was a longtime Pittsburgh Police leader, who served as Pittsburgh Police Chief from April 21, 1986 – May 11, 1987. He first joined the force in 1951. After retirement he served as Police Chief in suburban Braddock from 1991 to 1998. His grave is at Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery. Title: Surgery (album) Passage: According to the liner notes, the album is dedicated to the memory of fellow Los Angeles-based musician Elliott Smith and to Bomp! Records founder Greg Shaw. Title: Son of Sam (song) Passage: "Son of Sam" is a song by American singer-songwriter Elliott Smith. It was released on April 11, 2000 by record label DreamWorks as the second and final single from his fifth studio album, "Figure 8". Title: Samantha Taggart Passage: In the 12th season finale, ``21 Guns '', Steve, an EMT Student named Mary and another prisoner named Rafe hatch an escape plot: Steve and Rafe injuring themselves and then escaping from the hospital. They stab Luka with a syringe as Sam looks on in horror. Because the syringe contained a paralyzing drug that would have led to his death, Sam steps in and treats him in spite of the prisoners' threats, saying she is going to make sure he does n't die regardless of what they say; Steve makes his partners back off long enough for Sam to intubate Luka. They proceed to start shooting throughout the hospital once police catch on, using Sam as a hostage. Jerry Markovic is hurt in the shooting. Steve drags Sam outside, towards the getaway van. She begs him,`` Think about Alex!'' but as it turns out, he already had, and Alex is tied up inside the van. Sam immediately gets in the van after seeing Alex, and later, Steve tells her that God spoke to him, and told him he had to get his family back together. With Sam and Alex as hostages, the three attempt to make an escape to Canada. Title: Maurice Grimaud Passage: Maurice Grimaud (11 November 1913 – 16 July 2009) was the French Prefect of Police, or police chief, of the city of Paris during the May 1968 general strikes and student uprisings. He is credited with avoiding an escalation of violence and bloodshed during May 1968 unrest. Title: Amy Prentiss Passage: Jessica Walter stars as Amy Prentiss, a relatively young investigator who becomes the first female Chief of Detectives for the San Francisco Police Department following the previous chief's death. She is a single mother whose husband died in a plane crash. Prentiss faced opposition from other police officers and from officers' wives. Title: Intelligence-led policing Passage: Early development of intelligence - led policing took place in the UK. It was perceived that police were spending too much time responding to specific incidents, and not tackling the problem of repeat offenders. Therefore, reports by the Audit Commission in 1993 and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in 1997 advocated increased use of intelligence, surveillance and informants to target recidivist offenders, so that police could be more effective in fighting crime. The call was quickly taken up by some police forces, particularly the Kent Constabulary. Intelligence led policing was not a major proponent of policing styles until the September 11th terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks the majority of all branches of the government would often not divulge any information to each other. The main assumptions of this theory can be described by Ratcliffe's 3i format. As shown by the figure below, the three I's call for close cooperation between police chiefs and intelligence analysts in order to facilitate a strategy that will impact the criminal environment. Title: Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost Passage: Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost is a 2011 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Dick Lowry and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the retired police chief of a small New England town who investigates the suspicious death of a young friend while the police force deals with the arrogant new police chief who is the son-in-law of a town councilman. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost" is the seventh in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 22, 2011. Title: Neth Savoeun Passage: General Neth Savoeun () is the National Police Chief of Cambodia. Savoeun was promoted from Deputy National Police Chief to the most senior law enforcement position of the country in November 2008 after his predecessor, Hok Lundy, whose tenure was mired in controversy and accusations of corruption, died in a helicopter crash. Savoeun, who was 52 years old at the time of his appointment, is married to Prime Minister Hun Sen's niece, Hun Kimleng. Prior to the National Police force, Savoeun was the police chief of Phnom Penh during the State of Cambodia and then, after the 1993 elections, head of the justice department in the Interior Ministry’s Penal Crimes Division.	[ "Son of Sam (song)", "Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department", "Surgery (album)" ]
Which network first aired Invasion and the sports show simply named NHL on that network?	American Broadcasting Company	[]	Title: NHL on CBS Passage: The NHL on CBS is the branding used for broadcasts of National Hockey League (NHL) games produced by CBS Sports, the sports division of the CBS television network in the United States, for three separate periods from 1957 to 1960, 1967 to 1972 and 1979 to 1980. With the original 1957 game telecasts, CBS became the first American television network to broadcast NHL games. Title: Shake! Passage: Shake! (formerly The Core and Milkshake! FM) was a television programming block shown by United Kingdom broadcaster Channel 5, originally aimed at 8 to 15 year olds. Title: Invasion (American TV series) Passage: Invasion is an American science fiction television series that aired on ABC for one season beginning in September 21, 2005. Somewhat similar to "Invasion of the Body Snatchers", the show told the story of the aftermath of a hurricane in which water-based creatures infiltrate a small Florida town and begin to take over the bodies of the town's inhabitants through a cloning process (by first merging with then replacing them). The show was produced by Shaun Cassidy Productions and Warner Bros. Television. Title: Flor do Caribe Passage: Flor do Caribe (English: "Caribbean Flower") is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by Rede Globo originally ran from March 11 to September 19, 2013. Title: ESPN College Basketball on ABC Passage: ESPN College Basketball on ABC (originally College Basketball on ABC) is the branding formerly used for broadcasts of NCAA Division I college basketball games produced by ESPN, and televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC). ABC broadcast select college basketball games during the 1960s and 1970s, before it began televising them on a regular basis on January 18, 1987 (involving a game between the LSU Tigers and Kentucky Wildcats). As CBS and NBC were also broadcasting college games at the time, this put the sport on all three major broadcast television networks. ABC's final regular college basketball broadcast aired on March 7, 2009 (between the Oklahoma State Cowboys and Oklahoma Sooners). Title: List of NewsRadio episodes Passage: "NewsRadio" is an American sitcom, originally broadcast from 1995 to 1999 by NBC. In total, 97 episodes were broadcast spanning 5 seasons. Title: Allegiance (Star Trek: The Next Generation) Passage: "Allegiance" is the 18th episode of the of the American syndicated science fiction television series "", and the 66th episode of the series overall. It was originally released on March 26, 1990, in broadcast syndication. Title: Westler Passage: Westler is a 1985 film originally produced for West Germany television and later released in cinema. It was directed by Wieland Speck and broadcast on ZDF. It gained a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 44% Title: Stuart Cable Passage: Stuart Cable (19 May 1970 – 7 June 2010) was a Welsh rock drummer and broadcaster, best known as the original drummer for the band Stereophonics. Title: The Doris Day Show Passage: The Doris Day Show is an American sitcom which was originally broadcast on CBS from September 1968 until March 1973, remaining on the air for five seasons and 128 episodes. Title: The Krypton Factor Passage: The Krypton Factor is a British game show produced by Granada Television for broadcast on ITV. The show originally ran from 7 September 1977 to 20 November 1995, and was hosted by Gordon Burns and usually broadcast on the ITV network on Mondays at 7pm. Title: NHL on ABC Passage: The NHL on ABC is the branding formerly used for broadcasts of National Hockey League (NHL) games televised on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States. The network first broadcast NHL games during the 1992–93 season under a time-buy agreement with ESPN; ABC resumed regular season game telecasts on February 6, 2000, as part of a joint contract with ESPN that also gave ABC the rights to select games from each round of the Stanley Cup playoffs.	[ "Invasion (American TV series)", "NHL on ABC" ]
When did the people Ferdinand repelled from Hanover come to the place Andy sailed to in The Office?	1625	[]	Title: Helsingfors Segelsällskap Passage: Helsingfors Segelsällskap (HSS), "Helsinki Sailing Society", is the second oldest yacht club in Helsinki, established in 1893. The yacht club has 1000+ members and mainly sail boats in the register. The club is located on Liuskasaari island in the middle of southern Helsinki. Liuskasaari is a few minutes ferry ride away from Merisatamanranta. HSS hosts a popular full service guest harbor for 20 boats. The club also has a substantial contingent of expat sailors residing in Helsinki. Title: The Boat (The Office) Passage: Andy Bernard (Ed Helms) learns that his father took all the family money and fled to Argentina with his mistress. Left to pick up the pieces, Andy sells off family heirlooms, and is upset that he has to sell the family boat for lack of any other means for his mother to support herself. Erin Hannon (Ellie Kemper) convinces him that before he sells the boat, they should take it out for one last sunset cruise, and they drive to Stamford, Connecticut, where the boat is docked. Andy starts to hoist the main sail, but is stopped by a broker who is to sail it to the Caribbean for the buyer. With Erin's encouragement, Andy decides to take the boat to the Caribbean himself. He then finds his drunken brother Walter (Josh Groban) passed out in the liquor closet. Walter comes to and tells Andy he wanted to get the first relapse out of the way before checking into rehab. Andy invites him on the trip, saying they both need family time together and leaves, thanking Erin for her encouragement. Erin says to the camera that she would have loved to go with him if he asked. Back in the office that evening, Pete Miller (Jake Lacy) asks Erin to join him for drinks, and she accepts. Title: Maxime Weygand Passage: Weygand mainly served as a staff officer to Ferdinand Foch in World War I. Weygand initially fought against the Germans during the invasion of France in 1940, but then signed an armistice with and partially collaborated with the Germans as part of the Vichy France regime before being arrested by the Germans for not fully collaborating with them. Title: Northern Seven Years' War Passage: In April 1758, the British concluded the Anglo-Prussian Convention with Frederick in which they committed to pay him an annual subsidy of £670,000. Britain also dispatched 9,000 troops to reinforce Ferdinand's Hanoverian army, the first British troop commitment on the continent and a reversal in the policy of Pitt. Ferdinand had succeeded in driving the French from Hanover and Westphalia and re-captured the port of Emden in March 1758 before crossing the Rhine with his own forces, which caused alarm in France. Despite Ferdinand's victory over the French at the Battle of Krefeld and the brief occupation of Düsseldorf, he was compelled by the successful manoeuvering of larger French forces to withdraw across the Rhine. Title: French West Indies Passage: Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc was a French trader and adventurer in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint - Pierre, on the island of Martinique in 1635. Belain sailed to the Caribbean in 1625, hoping to establish a French settlement on the island of St. Christopher (St. Kitts). In 1626 he returned to France, where he won the support of Cardinal Richelieu to establish French colonies in the region. Richelieu became a shareholder in the Compagnie de Saint - Christophe, created to accomplish this with d'Esnambuc at its head. The company was not particularly successful and Richelieu had it reorganized as the Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique. In 1635 d'Esnambuc sailed to Martinique with one hundred French settlers to clear land for sugarcane plantations. Title: Cork (city) Passage: There are a variety of watersports in Cork, including rowing and sailing. There are five rowing clubs training on the river Lee, including Shandon BC, UCC RC, Pres RC, Lee RC, and Cork BC. Naomhóga Chorcaí is a rowing club whose members row traditional naomhóga on the Lee in occasional competitions. The "Ocean to City" race has been held annually since 2005, and attracts teams and boats from local and visiting clubs who row the 24 kilometres (15 mi) from Crosshaven into Cork city centre. The decision to move the National Rowing Center to Inniscarra has boosted numbers involved in the sport.[citation needed] Cork's maritime sailing heritage is maintained through its sailing clubs. The Royal Cork Yacht Club located in Crosshaven (outside the city) is the world's oldest yacht club, and "Cork Week" is a notable sailing event. Title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest Passage: The United Kingdom has finished last in three contests. Jemini's infamous 2003 ``nul points ''result was the first time that the country had come last in the contest, something that was then repeated in 2008 with Andy Abraham, who received 14 points and in 2010 with Josh Dubovie, who received 10 points. In 2016, the UK failed to reach the top 10 for the seventh consecutive time, with the duo Joe and Jake finishing 24th. In 2017, the UK improved on their result by coming 15th with Lucie Jones, their best result in the contest since Blue in 2011. Title: Mammuth Passage: At the pensions office, he discovers that even though he has never missed a day's work for illness, nor been unemployed since college, he cannot claim a pension due to a few gaps in his pensions history, which he has to verify with 10 written proofs from each employer in question. Back home, his wife insists that he goes for the required papers so that the pensions claim can be processed. He takes his Münch Mammut, nicknamed "Mammuth" and sails off through France to retrieve the documents. Title: Andy Hardy Comes Home Passage: Andy Hardy Comes Home is a 1958 film, the 16th and final film in the Andy Hardy series, with Mickey Rooney reprising his signature role. It was made 12 years after the previous Hardy film, and was an attempt to revive what had once been an enormously popular series. However, the film fell short of box office projections and the series did not resume. Title: Mihail Savov Passage: He was twice dismissed from the army and twice reassigned with the help of Tsar Ferdinand. Mihail Savov and Ferdinand are considered the main characters responsible for the Second Balkan War. Title: April Ludgate Passage: April traveled to Venezuela between seasons but has returned to Pawnee to continue her job at the Parks Dept. and has a new Spanish - speaking Venezuelan boyfriend, Eduardo. April eventually breaks up with Eduardo after he becomes friends with Andy because Eduardo was used only to make Andy jealous. April tells Andy to do all of the things she hates doing for her for a month. After only one day of him doing this, April kisses Andy. Andy and April decide to get married in ``April and Andy's Fancy Party ''after only one month of dating. Andy had proposed to April the day before the party asking,`` What if we got married tomorrow?'' to which April replied, ``Fine. ''They were married at their dinner party (which was actually a surprise ceremony) in front of their friends and family. With a great deal of help from new housemate Ben Wyatt they have learned, to a limited extent, how to live and act like working adults. Title: Ferdinand Chi Fon Passage: Ferdinand Chi Fon (born July 20, 1976 in Bamenda) is a retired Cameroonian footballer. He has played in Poland for 15 years.	[ "The Boat (The Office)", "Northern Seven Years' War", "French West Indies" ]
Who was the first president of the publisher of Dreaming?	G. Stanley Hall	[ "Stanley Hall" ]	Title: Adolescence Passage: The formal study of adolescent psychology began with the publication of G. Stanley Hall's "Adolescence in 1904." Hall, who was the first president of the American Psychological Association, viewed adolescence primarily as a time of internal turmoil and upheaval (sturm und drang). This understanding of youth was based on two then new ways of understanding human behavior: Darwin's evolutionary theory and Freud's psychodynamic theory. He believed that adolescence was a representation of our human ancestors' phylogenetic shift from being primitive to being civilized. Hall's assertions stood relatively uncontested until the 1950s when psychologists such as Erik Erikson and Anna Freud started to formulate their theories about adolescence. Freud believed that the psychological disturbances associated with youth were biologically based and culturally universal while Erikson focused on the dichotomy between identity formation and role fulfillment. Even with their different theories, these three psychologists agreed that adolescence was inherently a time of disturbance and psychological confusion. The less turbulent aspects of adolescence, such as peer relations and cultural influence, were left largely ignored until the 1980s. From the '50s until the '80s, the focus of the field was mainly on describing patterns of behavior as opposed to explaining them. Title: Impossible Dreams Passage: "Impossible Dreams" is a science fiction short story written in 2006 by Tim Pratt. It was first published in "Asimov's Science Fiction" in 2006, and subsequently republished in Pratt's 2007 collection "Hart & Boot & Other Stories", and in the 2012 anthology "Other Worlds Than These" Title: Dreaming (journal) Passage: Dreaming is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Dreams. The journal covers research on dreaming, as well as on dreaming from the viewpoint of any of the arts and humanities. The current editor-in-chief is Deirdre Barrett (Harvard Medical School). Title: Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator Passage: Pesterminator: The Western Exterminator is a side-scrolling, platform advergame developed by Color Dreams for the Nintendo Entertainment System, in cooperation with the Western Exterminator Company (a privately owned pest control company headquartered in Anaheim, California). Color Dreams published the game in 1990. Title: If I Can Dream Passage: "If I Can Dream" is a song made famous by Elvis Presley, written by Walter Earl Brown and notable for its direct quotations of Martin Luther King, Jr. The song was published by Elvis Presley's music publishing company Gladys Music, Inc. It was recorded by Presley in June 1968, two months after King's assassination. The recording was first released to the public as the finale of Presley's '68 Comeback Special. Title: Dream Babies Go Hollywood Passage: Dream Babies Go Hollywood is a studio album released in 1980 by folk musician John Stewart, former member of the Kingston Trio. This was Stewart's first studio album since "Bombs Away Dream Babies", his biggest commercial success as a solo musician. Title: The Story of an Hour Passage: ``The Story of an Hour, ''is a short story written by Kate Chopin on April 19, 1894. It was originally published in Vogue on December 6, 1894, as`` The Dream of an Hour''. Later it was reprinted in St. Louis Life on January 5, 1895, as ``The Story of an Hour ''. Title: Oberon (poem) Passage: Oberon is an epic poem by the German writer Christoph Martin Wieland. It was based on the epic romance "Huon de Bordeaux", a French medieval tale, and influenced by Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and Alexander Pope's version of Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Merchant's Tale". It first appeared in 1780 and went through seven rewrites before its final form was published in 1796. Title: Dreams of My Russian Summers Passage: Dreams of My Russian Summers (French: "Le Testament français") is a French novel by Andrei Makine, originally published in 1995. It won two top French awards, the Prix Goncourt and the Prix Médicis. The novel is told from the first-person perspective and tells the fictional story of a boy's memories and experiences with his French grandmother in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and '70s. Title: The Son of the Sun Passage: "The Son of the Sun" is the first Scrooge McDuck comic by Don Rosa, first published in "Uncle Scrooge" #219 in July 1987. It is a well-known comic book story that features Disney's Scrooge McDuck, Donald Duck, and Huey, Dewey, and Louie, most notable for establishing Don Rosa as a major talent in the Disney comic book industry, as well as fulfilling Rosa's childhood dream of becoming a writer and illustrator of stories featuring Scrooge McDuck. Title: Dream Weaver Passage: ``Dream Weaver ''is a song by the American singer Gary Wright, released as the first single from his third studio album The Dream Weaver (1975) in December 1975. The song became a hit in the US: # 2 on the Billboard chart and # 1 on Cashbox in 1976. Title: If I Can Dream Passage: ``If I Can Dream ''is a song made famous by Elvis Presley, written by Walter Earl Brown and notable for its direct quotations of Martin Luther King, Jr. The song was published by Elvis Presley's music publishing company Gladys Music, Inc. It was recorded by Presley in June 1968, two months after King's assassination. The recording was first released to the public as the finale of Presley's' 68 Comeback Special.	[ "Adolescence", "Dreaming (journal)" ]
When did the 2008 Olympic torch visit the city where Gul Mohammed died?	April 17	[]	Title: Somalis Passage: In the martial arts, Faisal Jeylani Aweys and Mohamed Deq Abdulle also took home a silver medal and fourth place, respectively, at the 2013 Open World Taekwondo Challenge Cup in Tongeren. The Somali National Olympic committee has devised a special support program to ensure continued success in future tournaments. Additionally, Mohamed Jama has won both world and European titles in K1 and Thai Boxing. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The Olympic Torch is based on traditional scrolls and uses a traditional Chinese design known as "Lucky Cloud". It is made from aluminum. It is 72 centimetres high and weighs 985 grams. The torch is designed to remain lit in 65 kilometre per hour (37 mile per hour) winds, and in rain of up to 50 millimetres (2 inches) per hour. An ignition key is used to ignite and extinguish the flame. The torch is fueled by cans of propane. Each can will light the torch for 15 minutes. It is designed by a team from Lenovo Group. The Torch is designed in reference to the traditional Chinese concept of the 5 elements that make up the entire universe. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The route carried the torch through six continents from March 2008 to May 2008 to August 2008. The planned route originally included a stop in Taipei between Ho Chi Minh City and Hong Kong, but there was disagreement in Beijing and Taipei over language used to describe whether it was an international or a domestic part of the route. While the Olympic committees of China and Chinese Taipei reached initial consensus on the approach, the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan intervened, stating that this placement could be interpreted as placing Taiwan on the same level as Hong Kong and Macau, an implication it objected to. The Beijing Organizing Committee attempted to continue negotiation, but further disputes arose over the flag or the anthem of the Republic of China along the 24 km torch route in Taiwan. By the midnight deadline for concluding the negotiation on September 21, 2007, Taiwan and China were unable to come to terms with the issue of the Torch Relay. In the end, both sides of the Taiwan Strait decided to eliminate the Taipei leg. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. Title: Somalis Passage: On 15 October 1969, while paying a visit to the northern town of Las Anod, Somalia's then President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke was shot dead by one of his own bodyguards. His assassination was quickly followed by a military coup d'état on 21 October 1969 (the day after his funeral), in which the Somali Army seized power without encountering armed opposition — essentially a bloodless takeover. The putsch was spearheaded by Major General Mohamed Siad Barre, who at the time commanded the army. Title: Khoey Ho Tum Kahan Passage: Khoey Ho Tum Kahan (Urdu: کهوے هو توم کهاں ) is a 2001 Pakistani Urdu film directed by Ajab Gul. The film starred Babar Ali, Ajab Gul and Meera in the lead roles. Is is super hit movie in 2001 5 awards winner movie. Title: Adnan al-Ghoul Passage: Al-Ghoul lived in hiding and never spoke to the media. Pictures of the 46-year-old father of four were released by Hamas only after his death. On 26 September 2003, he reportedly attended a meeting with Mohammed Deif, Ismail Haniya, one of Hamas' political leaders, and the organisation's spiritual leader, Sheik Ahmed Yasin, when Israeli forces bombed the house where they gathered. Al-Ghoul's eldest son Bilal was killed in a 2001 air strike in Gaza, and his second son Mohammed was killed the following year along with a cousin during a botched raid in the family home in Maghazi, south of Gaza City. Title: Gul Mohammed (disambiguation) Passage: Gul Mohammed of New Delhi, India once held the Guinness world record as shortest adult human being whose existence and height have been independently verified. Title: 2008 Sichuan earthquake Passage: The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period. The route of the torch through the country was scaled down, and there was a minute of silence when the next leg started in city of Ruijin, Jiangxi on the Wednesday after the quake. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of "one world, one dream". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the "Journey of Harmony", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: Tanzania: Dar es Salaam was the torch's only stop in Africa, on April 13. The relay began at the grand terminal of the TAZARA Railway, which was China's largest foreign aid project of the 1970s, and continued for 5 km through the old city to the Benjamin Mkapa National Stadium in Temeke, which was built with Chinese aid in 2005. The torch was lit by Vice-President Ali Mohamed Shein. About a thousand people followed the relay, waving the Olympic flag. The only noted instance of protest was Nobel Peace Prize laureate Wangari Maathai's withdrawal from the list of torchbearers, in protest against human rights abuses in Tibet. Title: Eastport, Michigan Passage: Eastport is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Torch Lake Township, Antrim County, in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 218 at the 2010 census.	[ "Gul Mohammed (disambiguation)", "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay" ]
When did the manufacturer of Koksan split from the country where Bandhobi was produced?	1953	[]	Title: Nigeria Passage: Nigeria in recent years has been embracing industrialisation. It currently has an indigenous vehicle manufacturing company, Innoson Motors, which manufactures Rapid Transit Buses, Trucks and SUVs with an upcoming introduction of Cars. Nigeria also has few Electronic manufacturers like Zinox, the first Branded Nigerian Computer and Electronic gadgets (like tablet PCs) manufacturers. In 2013, Nigeria introduced a policy regarding import duty on vehicles to encourage local manufacturing companies in the country. In this regard, some foreign vehicle manufacturing companies like Nissan have made known their plans to have manufacturing plants in Nigeria. Ogun is considered to be the current Nigeria's industrial hub, as most factories are located in Ogun and more companies are moving there, followed by Lagos. Title: Split (The Groundhogs album) Passage: Split is a 1971 blues rock studio album recorded by The Groundhogs, originally released by Liberty Records in 1971 with catalogue number LBG 83401. It was reissued on CD reissue in 2003 by Liberty / EMI Records, with catalogue number 07243-584819-2-1. Title: Boulton Paul Aircraft Passage: Boulton Paul Aircraft Ltd was a British aircraft manufacturer that was incorporated in 1934, although its origins in aircraft manufacturing began earlier in 1914, and lasted until 1961. The company mainly built and modified aircraft under contract to other manufacturers, but had a few notable designs of its own, such as the Defiant fighter and the Balliol trainer. Title: Baikal MP-153 Passage: The Baikal MP-153 is a 12 gauge gas-operated semi-automatic shotgun manufactured by Kalashnikov Concern (originally by the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant) in Russia. Title: Bandhobi Passage: Bandhobi () is a 2009 South Korean independent film directed by Shin Dong-il, about a frustrated and rebellious high school student who ends up becoming a friend of a migrant worker from Bangladesh who is desperate to receive his unpaid wages back. The title means "female friend" in Bengali. Title: Bachelor in Paradise (Australian TV series) Passage: Season Original Run Couples Proposal Still together Relationship notes 25 March - 30 April 2018 Jarrod Woodgate & Keira Maguire No Yes Woodgate and Maguire are still together as of April 2018. They have split their time between Woodgate's family vineyard and Maguire's home. Ali Oetjen & Grant Kemp No No Oetjen and Kemp split after the finale. Sam Cochrane & Tara Pavlovic Yes Yes Cochrane and Pavlovic got engaged in the finale. 2019 Title: Space Shanty Passage: Space Shanty is the debut and only album by the short-lived Canterbury scene band Khan. Steve Hillage's first solo album, "Fish Rising", included material originally intended for the second album by Khan, but the band split up before that was a possibility. Title: Koksan (artillery) Passage: The M-1978 Koksan is a 170 mm self-propelled gun of North Korean design and manufacture. Very little information is available due to the secretive nature of the North Korean government. The designations "M-1978" and "Koksan" were given to the type by American military analysts, as they first became aware of it in that year in Koksan, North Korea. Title: Statnett Passage: Statnett's operations were originally part of "Norges vassdrags- og energiverk" (NVE). In 1986 NVE was split in an operation company, Statskraftverkene and a directorate, Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat. Statskraftverkene was split into Statnett (power grid) and Statkraft (production) in 1992. Title: Manurhin Passage: Manurhin is a trademark used by Chapuis Armes beginning in 1998, and located in Saint-Bonnet-le-Château, France to designate the Manurhin MR73 revolver. Manurhin is also used the designate "Manufacture de Machines du Haut-Rhin" the original designer and manufacturer of said revolver but who now only manufactures military munitions. Title: Edward Akroyd Passage: Lieutenant Colonel Edward Akroyd (1810–1887), English manufacturer, was born into a textile manufacturing family in 1810, and when he died in 1887, he still owned the family firm. He inherited "James Akroyd & Sons Ltd." from his father in 1847, and he became the owner of one of the country's largest worsted manufacturers. Title: Division of Korea Passage: The subsequent Korean War, which lasted from 1950 to 1953, ended with a stalemate and has left the two Koreas separated by the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) up to the present day.	[ "Koksan (artillery)", "Bandhobi", "Division of Korea" ]
where was the Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of the country Kseniya Boguslavskaya's spouse is from born?	Tsarskoye Selo	[]	Title: Catherine Antonovna of Brunswick Passage: Catherine Antonovna of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1741–1807), daughter of Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick and Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia. Born a few days before the desposition of her brother Ivan VI, she was imprisoned by Empress Elizabeth of Russia along with her family from 1742 to 1780 at Kholmogory, and in 1780, she and two brothers and a sister were placed under house arrest for the rest of their lives in Horsens. She was the last descendant of Ivan V of Russia. Title: Bonne of Bourbon Passage: Bonne of Bourbon (1341 – 19 January 1402) was a daughter of Peter I, Duke of Bourbon, and Isabella of Valois, and hence a sister of Joanna of Bourbon. She served as regent of Savoy during the absence of her spouse from 1366 to 1367, in 1383, and during the minority of her grandson Count Amadeus VIII in 1391. Title: Prince George Alexandrovich Yuryevsky Passage: Prince George Alexandrovich Yuryevsky (; 12 May 1872 [30 April 1872 O. S.] – 13 September 1913) was the natural son of Alexander II of Russia by his mistress (and later wife), Catherine Dolgorukov. The morganatic marriage of George's parents on 6 July 1880, eight years after his birth, resulted in the legitimation of their three surviving children, and George gained the style of "Serene Highness". Title: Queen Victoria Passage: At birth, Victoria was fifth in the line of succession after her father and his three older brothers: the Prince Regent, the Duke of York, and the Duke of Clarence (later William IV). The Prince Regent and the Duke of York were estranged from their wives, who were both past child-bearing age, so the two eldest brothers were unlikely to have any further children. The Dukes of Kent and Clarence married on the same day 12 months before Victoria's birth, but both of Clarence's daughters (born in 1819 and 1820 respectively) died as infants. Victoria's grandfather and father died in 1820, within a week of each other, and the Duke of York died in 1827. On the death of her uncle George IV in 1830, Victoria became heiress presumptive to her next surviving uncle, William IV. The Regency Act 1830 made special provision for the Duchess of Kent to act as regent in case William died while Victoria was still a minor. King William distrusted the Duchess's capacity to be regent, and in 1836 declared in her presence that he wanted to live until Victoria's 18th birthday, so that a regency could be avoided. Title: Freemasonry Passage: English Freemasonry spread to France in the 1720s, first as lodges of expatriates and exiled Jacobites, and then as distinctively French lodges which still follow the ritual of the Moderns. From France and England, Freemasonry spread to most of Continental Europe during the course of the 18th century. The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority. His successor, the Duke of Orléans, reconstituted the central body as the Grand Orient de France in 1773. Briefly eclipsed during the French Revolution, French Freemasonry continued to grow in the next century. Title: Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse Passage: Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse ("Georg Donatus Wilhelm Nikolaus Eduard Heinrich Karl", 8 November 1906 – 16 November 1937) was the first child of Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and his second wife, Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich. He was a nephew of Alexandra Feodorovna (Alix of Hesse). Title: Grunwald Swords Passage: The Grunwald Swords (, ) were a gift presented by Ulrich von Jungingen, the Grand Master of the Order of Teutonic Knights, to King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland and Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania on 15 July 1410, just before the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg). The gift, a pair of simple bare swords, was a formal invitation to the battle. After the Polish-Lithuanian victory, both swords were taken as a war trophy by King Władysław II to Kraków, Poland's capital at the time, and placed in the treasury of the Royal Wawel Castle. Title: Kseniya Boguslavskaya Passage: Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet "Roaring Parnassus" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914. Title: Serge Obolensky Passage: Prince Sergei Platonovich Obolensky Neledinsky-Meletzky (November 3, 1890 in Tsarskoye Selo, Russia – September 29, 1978 in Grosse Pointe, Wayne County, Michigan, USA) — known as Serge Obolensky — was a Russian-American aristocrat, U.S. Army paratrooper, socialite and publicist. He served as vice chairman of the board of directors of the Hilton Hotels Corporation. Title: Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory Passage: The Livonian campaign of Stephen Báthory (referred to as the Russo-Polish War among Polish historians) took place in the final stage of the Livonian War, between 1577 and 1582. Polish-Lithuanian forces led by Stephen Báthory (Batory), king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, successfully fought against the army of Ivan IV "the Terrible", tsar of Russia, over the Duchy of Livonia and Polotsk. Russian forces were expelled from Livonia before the campaign was concluded by the Truce of Jam Zapolski. Title: Ivan Puni Passage: Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. Title: Monarchy of Luxembourg Passage: The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the monarchical head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was elevated from a duchy, and was in personal union with the United Kingdom of the Netherlands until 1890 under the House of Orange - Nassau and is the world's only sovereign grand duchy. Since 1815, there have been nine monarchs of Luxembourg, including the incumbent, Henri.	[ "Kseniya Boguslavskaya", "Ivan Puni", "Serge Obolensky" ]
What kind of state is the country that in 1911 seized Al-Berka's country from the empire against which the Gallipoli Campaign was fought?	European Union member state	[ "European Union" ]	Title: Tuvalu Passage: In July 2013 Tuvalu signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to establish the Pacific Regional Trade and Development Facility, which Facility originated in 2006, in the context of negotiations for an Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) between Pacific ACP States and the European Union. The rationale for the creation of the Facility being to improve the delivery of aid to Pacific island countries in support of the Aid-for-Trade (AfT) requirements. The Pacific ACP States are the countries in the Pacific that are signatories to the Cotonou Agreement with the European Union. Title: Bromus pannonicus Passage: Bromus pannonicus is a species of flowering plant in the family Poaceae which can be found in such European countries as Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, and all states of former Yugoslavia. Title: Southern Europe Passage: Italy became a major industrialized country again, due to its post-war economic miracle. The European Union (EU) involved the division of powers, with taxation, health and education handled by the nation states, while the EU had charge of market rules, competition, legal standards and environmentalism. The Soviet economic and political system collapsed, leading to the end of communism in the satellite countries in 1989, and the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in 1991. As a consequence, Europe's integration deepened, the continent became depolarised, and the European Union expanded to subsequently include many of the formerly communist European countries – Romania and Bulgaria (2007) and Croatia (2013). Title: Muammar Gaddafi Passage: From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy. Title: British Empire Passage: The British declaration of war on Germany and its allies also committed the colonies and Dominions, which provided invaluable military, financial and material support. Over 2.5 million men served in the armies of the Dominions, as well as many thousands of volunteers from the Crown colonies. The contributions of Australian and New Zealand troops during the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign against the Ottoman Empire had a great impact on the national consciousness at home, and marked a watershed in the transition of Australia and New Zealand from colonies to nations in their own right. The countries continue to commemorate this occasion on Anzac Day. Canadians viewed the Battle of Vimy Ridge in a similar light. The important contribution of the Dominions to the war effort was recognised in 1917 by the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George when he invited each of the Dominion Prime Ministers to join an Imperial War Cabinet to co-ordinate imperial policy. Title: 88 Minutes Passage: 88 Minutes is a 2007 thriller film directed by Jon Avnet and starring Al Pacino, Alicia Witt, Leelee Sobieski, William Forsythe, Deborah Kara Unger, Amy Brenneman, Neal McDonough and Benjamin McKenzie. Filming began in the Vancouver area on October 8, 2005, and wrapped up in December 2005. In 2007 the film was released in various European countries. Title: Courtney's and Steel's Post Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery Passage: Courtney's and Steel's Post Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery located near ANZAC Cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It contains the graves of some of the former British Empire troops who died during the Gallipoli Campaign. Title: Francovich v Italy Passage: Francovich v Italy (1991) C-6/90 was a decision of the European Court of Justice which established that European Union member states could be liable to pay compensation to individuals who suffered a loss by reason of the member state's failure to transpose an EU directive into national law. This principle is sometimes known as the principle of state liability or "the rule in "Francovich"" in European Union law. Title: Ottoman Tripolitania Passage: As a result of this conflict, the Ottoman Turks ceded the provinces of Tripolitania, Fezzan, and Cyrenaica to Italy. These provinces together formed what became known as Libya. Title: Islamism Passage: Another of the Egyptian groups which employed violence in their struggle for Islamic order was al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Islamic Group). Victims of their campaign against the Egyptian state in the 1990s included the head of the counter-terrorism police (Major General Raouf Khayrat), a parliamentary speaker (Rifaat al-Mahgoub), dozens of European tourists and Egyptian bystanders, and over 100 Egyptian police. Ultimately the campaign to overthrow the government was unsuccessful, and the major jihadi group, Jamaa Islamiya (or al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya), renounced violence in 2003. Other lesser known groups include the Islamic Liberation Party, Salvation from Hell and Takfir wal-Hijra, and these groups have variously been involved in activities such as attempted assassinations of political figures, arson of video shops and attempted takeovers of government buildings. Title: Al-Berka Passage: Al-Berka (Arabic:البركة) is a Basic People's Congress administrative division of Benghazi, Libya. As of the 2011 Libyan revolution, the area is simply known as a district of Benghazi after the Gaddafi era Basic People's Congresses were disbanded. Title: Square Rooms Passage: "Square Rooms" is a song by American singer and actor Al Corley. It was the first single from his debut album of the same name. First released in 1984, the song was a hit in some European countries and had a moderate success in the United States in 1985.	[ "Al-Berka", "Francovich v Italy", "Ottoman Tripolitania", "British Empire" ]
How many episodes were dedicated to the Menendez brothers in the series that also had an episode called Mother's Day?	eight	[]	Title: Mother's Day (Law & Order) Passage: "Mother's Day" is the 287th episode of NBC's legal drama "Law & Order" and the tenth episode of the thirteenth season. The 45 minute episode was filmed in New York City. Title: Big Brother 1 (American season) Passage: Big Brother 1 was the debut season of the American reality television series Big Brother. It was based upon the Netherlands series of the same name, which gained notoriety in 1999 and 2000. The series premiered on July 5, 2000 and lasted for a total of 88 days. The season concluded after 88 days with Eddie McGee being crowned the winner, and Josh Souza the runner - up. Title: Not Quite Art Passage: Not Quite Art is an Australian TV series that documents the many media of present-day art and culture in Australia. Two series of the series have been produced and aired on ABC1, both with 3 episodes each, the second series also aired on ABC2. The series is created and hosted by Marcus Westbury. Title: Leah Remini: It's All Relative Passage: Leah Remini: It's All Relative is an American reality television series starring Leah Remini. The series premiered on July 10, 2014, and airs on TLC. It follows Remini's day-to-day life as she takes on the roles of mother, wife, and friend. Title: Garden Party (The Office) Passage: The episode was written by co-executive producer Justin Spitzer, his 10th writing credit for the series. It was directed by series editor David Rogers, his 4th directing credit for the series. Beginning with this episode, Mindy Kaling was promoted to executive producer. Before this, it was speculated that she might not return to the series as a writer. The episode features guest appearance from Stephen Collins, Dee Wallace and Josh Groban as Andy's father, mother and brother, respectively. Collins and Wallace were reported to appear on the series by Joyce Eng of TV Guide. Josh Groban was later reported to appear on the series the next day. Writer Mindy Kaling had sent Groban a message through Twitter asking if he would want to appear on the series. He responded yes with the filming week of the episode lining up with his Los Angeles concert for his Straight to You Tour. Title: Pamela Reed Passage: Reed played Janice Pasetti in the quirky NBC sitcom Grand, and then played a judge and single mother in the short - lived NBC sitcom The Home Court. She has provided the voice for the character Ruth Powers in 3 episodes of the animated TV series The Simpsons and guest - voiced in an episode of the 1994 - 1995 animated series The Critic. She played a main role in Jericho and has appeared as the mother of main character Leslie Knope (Amy Poehler) on Parks and Recreation. Title: Days of Our Lives Passage: Days of Our Lives (also stylized as Days of our Lives; often abbreviated to DOOL or Days) is an American daytime soap opera broadcast on the NBC television network. It is one of the longest - running scripted television programs in the world, airing nearly every weekday since November 8, 1965. It has since been syndicated to many countries around the world. Until the network's closure in 2013, Soapnet rebroadcast episodes of Days on a same - day basis each weeknight at 8: 00 and 10: 00 p.m. (Eastern and Pacific Time). The series was created by husband - and - wife team Ted Corday and Betty Corday. Irna Phillips was a story editor for Days of Our Lives and many of the show's earliest storylines were written by William J. Bell. Title: Made in America (The Sopranos) Passage: ``Made in America ''is the series finale of the HBO drama series The Sopranos. It is the 86th episode of the series, the ninth episode of the second part of the show's sixth season, and the 21st episode of the season overall. Written and directed by series creator, executive producer and showrunner David Chase, it first aired in the United States on June 10, 2007. Title: Mother's Day Passage: The modern Mother's day began in the United States, at the initiative of Ann Reeves Jarvis in the early 20th century. This is not (directly) related to the many traditional celebrations of mothers and motherhood that have existed throughout the world over thousands of years, such as the Greek cult to Cybele, the Roman festival of Hilaria, or the Christian Mothering Sunday celebration (originally a commemoration of Mother Church, not motherhood). However, in some countries, Mother's Day is still synonymous with these older traditions. Title: Huguenots Passage: In 1564 a group of Norman Huguenots under the leadership of Jean Ribault established the small colony of Fort Caroline on the banks of the St. Johns River in what is today Jacksonville, Florida. The effort was the first at any permanent European settlement in the present-day continental United States, but survived only a short time. A September 1565 French naval attack against the new Spanish colony at St. Augustine failed when its ships were hit by a hurricane on their way to the Spanish encampment at Fort Matanzas. Hundreds of French soldiers were stranded and surrendered to the numerically inferior Spanish forces led by Pedro Menendez. Menendez proceeded to massacre the defenseless Huguenots, after which he wiped out the Fort Caroline garrison. Title: Do the Handicapped Go to Hell? Passage: "Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?" is the ninth episode of the fourth season of the animated television series "South Park", and 57th episode of the series overall. "Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?" originally aired in the United States on July 19, 2000 on Comedy Central. It is the first part of a two-part episode, which concludes in the following episode "Probably". It links the events and some of the characters of the "" into the animated series. This episode is rated TV-MA in the United States. Title: Law & Order True Crime Passage: Law & Order True Crime is an American true crime anthology series that premiered September 26, 2017 on NBC. The series was ordered by NBC on July 15, 2016, and is part of the Law & Order franchise. Created by Rene Balcer, the eight - episode first season, titled Law & Order True Crime: The Menendez Murders, is a dramatization of the trial of Lyle and Erik Menendez, who were convicted in 1996 for the murder of their parents, José and Kitty Menendez. The first season concluded November 14, 2017.	[ "Law & Order True Crime", "Mother's Day (Law & Order)" ]
Who exchanged nuptials with singer of 'Ol' '55?	Kathleen Brennan	[]	Title: Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys) Passage: ``Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol 'Boys) ''Single by Waylon Jennings from the album Music Man B - side`` It's Alright'' Released August 1980 Format 7 ''Recorded 1980 Genre Country Length 2: 06 Label RCA 12067 Songwriter (s) Waylon Jennings Producer (s) Richie Albright Waylon Jennings singles chronology ``Clyde'' (1980)`` Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys) ''(1980) ``Storms Never Last'' (1981)`` Clyde ''(1980) ``Theme from The Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol 'Boys)'' (1980)`` Storms Never Last ''(duet with Jessi Colter) (1981) Title: Menya Passage: Menya are a crunk group formed in New York City in 2007 by two musicians, known as "Coco Dame" and "Good Goose". That year, when both of them were undergraduates at New York University, they saw M.I.A., The Cool Kids, Santigold, and Spank Rock perform at that year's CMJ festival. Angie Ripe soon joined them, and contributed vocals to their debut release, "The Ol' Reach Around". They self-released two EPs ("The Ol' Reach Around" and "Puss Coital"), and a mixtape ("The Sleepover Series Vol. 1"), the first two in 2008 and the third on October 23, 2009. Their music is recorded in the members' bedrooms. "The Ol' Reach Around" was recorded between their college classes, at the studio where Good Goose was a production assistant. Title: Ole-Jacob Hoff Passage: Ole-Jacob Hoff (born 1928 in Oslo) was a Norwegian economist, academician, author, publisher, and scholar. The son of a fellow economist and author, Trygve Hoff, Ole-Jacob Hoff also functioned as editor of the influential Norwegian-language economic periodical Farmand until 1989. He graduated from Harvard University and was an influential social and political critic and speaker. Title: Ol' '55 Passage: "Ol' '55" is a song by American musician Tom Waits. It is the opening track and lead single from Waits' debut studio album, "Closing Time", released in March 1973 on Asylum Records. Written by Waits and produced by Jerry Yester, "Ol' '55" was a minor hit. It has been described as more conventional than Waits' later songs. Title: Ole H. Olson Passage: Ole H. Olson (September 19, 1872 – January 29, 1954) was the 16th Lieutenant Governor and the 18th Governor of North Dakota. Title: Biathlon at the 2002 Winter Olympics Passage: Event Gold Silver Bronze Individual details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 51: 03.3 Frank Luck Germany 51: 39.4 Viktor Maigourov Russia 51: 40.6 Sprint details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 24: 51.3 Sven Fischer Germany 25: 20.2 Wolfgang Perner Austria 25: 44.4 Pursuit details Ole Einar Bjørndalen Norway 32: 34.6 Raphaël Poirée France 33: 17.6 Ricco Groß Germany 33: 30.6 Relay details Norway (NOR) Halvard Hanevold Frode Andresen Egil Gjelland Ole Einar Bjørndalen 1: 23: 42.3 Germany (GER) Ricco Groß Peter Sendel Sven Fischer Frank Luck 1: 24: 27.6 France (FRA) Gilles Marguet Vincent Defrasne Julien Robert Raphaël Poirée 1: 24: 36.6 Title: Olson (surname) Passage: Olson (also Olsson, Oleson) is a common surname of Scandinavian origin that literally means ``son of Olof or Ole ''. Olson may refer to: Title: Bad as Me (song) Passage: "Bad as Me" is a song by American rock musician Tom Waits, written collectively by Waits and his wife Kathleen Brennan. Written and recorded during the sessions for his studio album of the same name, the song was released as Waits' seventeenth single on August 23, 2011 and was the first new studio material by Waits in seven years, since "Real Gone" in 2004. Title: Gusheh-ye Badi ol Zaman Passage: Gusheh-ye Badi ol Zaman (, also Romanized as Gūsheh-ye Badī‘ ol Zamān; also known as Badī‘ oz Zamān, Gusa, Gūseh, and Gūsheh-ye Sālārābād) is a village in Gamasiyab Rural District, in the Central District of Nahavand County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 452, in 136 families. Title: Bartlomiej Oles Passage: Bartlomiej Brat Oles (born 1973 in Sosnowiec, Poland) is a jazz and free improvisation drummer, composer and record producer. He is the twin brother of Marcin Oles and Art-director of the Polish independent Jazz Label Fenommedia. Title: Blanche of Anjou Passage: Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as "Blanche of Naples". She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310. Title: Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium Passage: Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium is an outdoor football stadium in Jackson, Mississippi, United States. Mississippi Veterans Memorial Stadium has been the home stadium of the Jackson State Tigers football team since 1970, and owned and operated by Jackson State University since July 1, 2011. Originally known as War Veterans Memorial Stadium, it was later known as Hinds County War Memorial Stadium. It was redesigned and enlarged in 1960 and Ole Miss vs. Arkansas dedicated Mississippi Memorial Stadium in 1961 before a capacity crowd of 46,000. With political support from Ole Miss and Mississippi State and leadership from Ole Miss Athletics Director Warner Alford, Mississippi Memorial Stadium was enlarged to 62,500 in 1981 and on September 26, 1981 Ole Miss and Arkansas again dedicated the facility before 63,522.	[ "Ol' '55", "Bad as Me (song)" ]
According to the 2010 US Census, how many households were in the city in which WPGG is licensed?	15,504	[]	Title: Hallwood, Virginia Passage: Hallwood is a town in Accomack County, Virginia, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 206. Title: Washington, Maine Passage: Washington, officially the Town of Washington, is a town in Knox County, Maine. The population was 1,527 at the 2010 United States Census. Title: Buckhead, Georgia Passage: Buckhead is a town in Morgan County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a total population of 171. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: There were 15,504 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.9% were married couples living together, 22.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.34. Title: WPGG Passage: WPGG (1450 AM; "WPG Talk Radio 95.5") is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Atlantic City, New Jersey. The station is owned by Townsquare Media and the broadcast license is held by Townsquare Media Atlantic City License, LLC. Operating with non-directional 1,000 watts day and night, the station can be heard throughout New Jersey's Ocean, Atlantic, and Cape May Counties and into southern Delaware, coastal Maryland, coastal North Carolina, the southern side of much of Long Island, NY, and southern parts of Cape Cod, MA. Since October 22, 2012, the station broadcasts a talk radio format under the branding "WPG Talk Radio 1450." In May 2016, reflecting the frequency of its FM translator, 104.1 W281BH, the station rebranded as "WPG Talk Radio 104.1." In May 2019, the station moved to a new translator, 95.5 W238CZ with another rebranding as "WPG Talk Radio 95.5" (104.1 became the new home of Classic Rock "Rock 104.1", relaying the signal of WENJ 97.3-HD4). WPGG's transmitter is located in Atlantic City, while its studios are in, and translator transmits from, Northfield, New Jersey. Title: Lee, Florida Passage: Lee is a town in Madison County, Florida, United States. The population was 352 at the 2010 census. As of 2014, the town states its population is 386. Title: Foss, Oklahoma Passage: Foss is a town in Washita County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 151, an 18.9 percent increase from 127 at the 2000 census. Title: Lyerly, Georgia Passage: Lyerly is a town in Chattooga County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 540. Title: Riverside, Washington Passage: Riverside is a town in Okanogan County, Washington, United States. The population was 348 at the 2000 census and decreased to 280 at the 2010 census. Title: Seneca, New York Passage: Seneca is a town in Ontario County, New York, United States. United States. The population was 2,721 at the 2010 census. The town is named after a group of local natives. Title: Youngtown, Arizona Passage: Youngtown is a town in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. According to the 2010 census, the population of the town is 6,156. Youngtown is the oldest retirement community in the United States. Title: Greenbush, Maine Passage: Greenbush, officially the Town of Greenbush, is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, on the Penobscot River. The town's population was 1,491 at the 2010 United States Census.	[ "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "WPGG" ]
Where on the Avalon Peninsula is one of the oldest settlements in North America?	eastern tip	[]	Title: Bern Passage: No archaeological evidence that indicates a settlement on the site of today′s city centre prior to the 12th century has been found so far. In antiquity, a Celtic oppidum stood on the Engehalbinsel (peninsula) north of Bern, fortified since the 2nd century BC (late La Tène period), thought to be one of the twelve oppida of the Helvetii mentioned by Caesar. During the Roman era, there was a Gallo-Roman vicus on the same site. The Bern zinc tablet has the name Brenodor ("dwelling of Breno"). In the Early Middle Ages, there was a settlement in Bümpliz, now a city district of Bern, some 4 km (2 mi) from the medieval city. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's is one of the oldest settlements in North America, with year-round settlement beginning sometime after 1630 and seasonal habitation long before that. It is not, however, the oldest surviving English settlement in North America or Canada, having been preceded by the Cuper's Cove colony at Cupids, founded in 1610, and the Bristol's Hope colony at Harbour Grace, founded in 1618. In fact, although English fishermen had begun setting up seasonal camps in Newfoundland in the 16th Century, they were expressly forbidden by the British government, at the urging of the West Country fishing industry, from establishing permanent settlements along the English controlled coast, hence the town of St. John's was not established as a permanent community until after the 1630s at the earliest. Other permanent English settlements in the Americas that predate St. John's include: St. George's, Bermuda (1612) and Jamestown, Virginia (1607). Title: Midway, San Diego Passage: The Midway area, also called the North Bay area, is a neighborhood of San Diego, California. It is located at the northern (mainland) end of the Point Loma peninsula, northwest of Downtown San Diego and just west of Old Town. It is often considered to be part of Point Loma, although the city treats it as a separate Planning Area. Title: Powelton Club Passage: Powelton Club is located between US 9W, Interstate 84, Balmville Road and Chestnut Lane in the hamlet of Balmville, New York, United States, just north of the city of Newburgh, in the Town of Newburgh. Originally established as an archery club, it is one of the five oldest golf courses in the state, and the ten oldest in the U.S. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1999. Title: Choate Bridge Passage: Choate Bridge (1764) is a historic stone arch bridge carrying Route 1A/Route 133 (South Main Street) over the Ipswich River in Ipswich, Massachusetts. It is one of the oldest surviving bridges in North America, and is probably the oldest in Massachusetts. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. Title: Charleston, South Carolina Passage: The community was established by several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda (which lies due east of South Carolina, although at 1,030 km or 640 mi, it is closest to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina), under the leadership of governor William Sayle, on the west bank of the Ashley River, a few miles northwest of the present-day city center. It was soon predicted by the Earl of Shaftesbury, one of the Lords Proprietors, to become a "great port towne", a destiny the city quickly fulfilled. In 1680, the settlement was moved east of the Ashley River to the peninsula between the Ashley and Cooper Rivers. Not only was this location more defensible, but it also offered access to a fine natural harbor. Title: Cedar Point Passage: Cedar Point is a 364 - acre (147 ha) amusement park located on a Lake Erie peninsula in Sandusky, Ohio. Opened in 1870, it is the second - oldest operating amusement park in the United States behind Lake Compounce. Cedar Point is owned and operated by Cedar Fair and is considered the flagship of the amusement park chain. Known as ``America's Roller Coast '', the park features a world - record 72 rides, including 16 roller coasters -- the second-most in the world behind Six Flags Magic Mountain. Its newest roller coaster, Steel Vengeance, is set to open in May 2018. Title: Lake Superior Passage: Lake Superior is the largest of the Great Lakes of North America. The lake is shared by the Canadian province of Ontario to the north, the US state of Minnesota to the west, and Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to the south. It is generally considered the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. It is the world's third - largest freshwater lake by volume and the largest by volume in North America. The furthest north and west of the Great Lakes chain, Superior has the highest elevation and drains into the St. Mary's River. Title: Coro Gulf Passage: Coro Gulf is located near Coro, a city in Falcón State of Venezuela. This gulf is located south of the Paraguana Peninsula, one of the largest peninsulas in Venezuela by size. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's (/ˌseɪntˈdʒɒnz/, local /ˌseɪntˈdʒɑːnz/) is the capital and largest city in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. St. John's was incorporated as a city in 1888, yet is considered by some to be the oldest English-founded city in North America. It is located on the eastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland. With a population of 214,285 as of July 1, 2015, the St. John's Metropolitan Area is the second largest Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) in Atlantic Canada after Halifax and the 20th largest metropolitan area in Canada. It is one of the world's top ten oceanside destinations, according to National Geographic Magazine. Its name has been attributed to the feast day of John the Baptist, when John Cabot was believed to have sailed into the harbour in 1497, and also to a Basque fishing town with the same name. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: St. John's is located along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, on the northeast of the Avalon Peninsula in southeast Newfoundland. The city covers an area of 446.04 square kilometres (172.22 sq mi) and is the most easterly city in North America, excluding Greenland; it is 295 miles (475 km) closer to London, England than it is to Edmonton, Alberta. The city of St. John's is located at a distance by air of 3,636 kilometres (2,259 mi) from Lorient, France which lies on a nearly precisely identical latitude across the Atlantic on the French western coast. The city is the largest in the province and the second largest in the Atlantic Provinces after Halifax, Nova Scotia. Its downtown area lies to the west and north of St. John's Harbour, and the rest of the city expands from the downtown to the north, south, east and west. Title: Xalapa Symphony Orchestra Passage: The Orquesta Sinfónica de Xalapa is a Mexican orchestra located in the city of Xalapa, the capital of the state of Veracruz. It was founded in 1929, and is considered the oldest symphony orchestra in Mexico.	[ "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador" ]
Who scored the first goal for Laurent Charvet's team last season?	Bertrand Traoré	[]	Title: Cristiano Ronaldo Passage: Ronaldo scored his first and only hat - trick for Manchester United in a 6 -- 0 win against Newcastle United on 12 January 2008, bringing United up to the top of the Premier League table. A month later, on 19 March, he captained United for the first time in a home win over Bolton, and scored both goals of the match. His second goal was his 33rd of the campaign, which bettered George Best's total of 32 goals in the 1967 -- 68 season, thus setting the club's new single - season record by a midfielder. Ronaldo scored his final league goal of the season from the penalty spot in the title decider against Wigan on 11 May, as United claimed a second successive Premier League title. His 31 league goals earned him the Premier League Golden Boot, as well as the European Golden Shoe, which made him the first winger to win the latter award. Title: Oklahoma City Spirit Passage: The Oklahoma City Spirit was an American soccer club based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma that was a member of the Lone Star Soccer Alliance. The team was formed by head coach Brian Harvey and assistant Coach West Harmmon. Brian's first priority was to signed two former OCU standouts. He signed Richard Benigno and Manny Uceda. Ironically Uceda and Benigno brought the Spirit its first championship that year. In the Championship game Uceda scored the first goal to give the Spirit the only goal they needed. Later in the game Benigno added and insurance goal making it 2-0 and minutes later Uceda added his second goal of the night making the final score 3-0. The Original team was composed of OCU, SNU and OCC players. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup statistics Passage: Most goals scored by a team: 16 Belgium Fewest goals scored by a team: 2 Australia, Costa Rica, Egypt, Germany, Iceland, Iran, Morocco, Panama, Peru, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Serbia Most goals conceded by a team: 11 Panama Fewest goals conceded by a team: 2 Denmark, Iran, Peru Best goal difference: + 10 Belgium Worst goal difference: - 9 Panama Most goals scored in a match by both teams: 7 Belgium 5 -- 2 Tunisia, England 6 -- 1 Panama, France 4 -- 3 Argentina Most goals scored in a match by one team: 6 England against Panama Most goals scored in a match by the losing team: 3 Argentina against France Biggest margin of victory: 5 goals Russia 5 -- 0 Saudi Arabia, England 6 -- 1 Panama Most clean sheets achieved by a team: 4 France Fewest clean sheets achieved by a team: 0 Argentina, Australia, Costa Rica, Egypt, Germany, Iceland, Japan, Morocco, Panama, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Switzerland, Tunisia Most clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2 Costa Rica, England, Germany, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Saudi Arabia Fewest clean sheets given by an opposing team: 0 Brazil, Colombia, Croatia, Portugal, Spain, Tunisia Most consecutive clean sheets achieved by a team: 3 Brazil, Uruguay Most consecutive clean sheets given by an opposing team: 2 Costa Rica, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Saudi Arabia Title: List of goaltenders who have scored a goal in an NHL game Passage: Billy Smith of the New York Islanders became the first goaltender to score an NHL goal on November 28, 1979, when he was given credit following an own goal. Ron Hextall of the Philadelphia Flyers became the second goalkeeper to score, and the first to score by taking a shot. Martin Brodeur has scored the most NHL goals by a goaltender, with two in the regular season and one in the playoffs. The most recent goal credited to a goaltender was awarded to Mike Smith of the Phoenix Coyotes on October 19, 2013, scored via a shot on goal. Title: Laurent Charvet Passage: Charvet began his career at Cannes in 1994. Between then and 1997 he appeared 99 times for the club and scored 19 goals. In the 1997–98 season he was loaned out to the English Premier League team Chelsea for whom he appeared 11 times, scoring two goals in defeats to West Ham and Leeds. He was an unused substitute in Chelsea's UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final win over VfB Stuttgart. Title: Vicente Miera Passage: He appeared in 139 La Liga games over the course of ten seasons and scored two goals, mainly at the service of Real Madrid. Later, he embarked on a managerial career which lasted more than 25 years, and included a brief spell with the Spain national team. Title: Xavi Passage: Xavi's progression through the teams earned him a first-team appearance in a Copa Catalunya match against Lleida on 5 May 1998 and he scored his first goal on 18 August 1998 in the Super Cup final against Mallorca. His debut in La Liga came against Valencia on 3 October 1998 in a 3–1 victory for Barcelona. Initially featuring intermittently both for the reserve and senior teams, Xavi scored the only goal in a 1–0 victory over Real Valladolid when Barcelona were in tenth position in the league. Sustained impressive performances meant that he became a key member of Louis van Gaal's title-winning team, finishing his debut season with 26 matches played and being named 1999 La Liga Breakthrough Player of the Year. Xavi became Barcelona's principal playmaker after an injury to Pep Guardiola in the 1999–2000 season. Title: History of the FIFA World Cup Passage: The 1998 World Cup was held in France, and had an expanded format featuring 32 teams. Iran beat the Maldives in qualification by the widest margin in World Cup history -- 17 -- 0. In the finals, the second round match between France and Paraguay witnessed the first golden goal in World Cup history, as Laurent Blanc scored to give the hosts a 1 -- 0 victory. Hosts France won the tournament by beating Brazil 3 -- 0 in the final, as the scorer of four goals in the tournament, Ronaldo, appeared to be less than a hundred percent in the match, and was unable to make any impact. Debutants Croatia finished a commendable third. Title: Hockey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament Passage: 2018 Commonwealth Games -- Men's hockey Tournament details Host country Australia City Gold Coast Dates 5 -- 14 April 2018 Teams 10 Venue (s) Gold Coast Hockey Centre Top three teams Champions Australia (6th title) Runner - up New Zealand Third place England Tournament statistics Matches played 27 Goals scored 117 (4.33 per match) Top scorer (s) Sam Ward (9 goals) ← 2014 (previous) (next) 2022 → Title: List of NHL players with 50-goal seasons Passage: Wayne Gretzky scored his 50th goal in his 39th game in 1981 -- 82, the fastest any player has done so. He also shares the record for most 50 - goal seasons with Mike Bossy, each having reached the milestone nine times in their careers. A record fourteen players exceeded 50 goals in 1992 -- 93, after which offence declined across the league, and with it the number of players to reach the total. For the first time in 29 years, no player scored 50 goals in 1998 -- 99. Ninety - one unique players have scored 50 goals in any one NHL season, doing so a combined 186 times. Title: David Jack Passage: An inside forward, Jack started his senior career with his father's club, Plymouth Argyle, after the war. He played in the Southern League in 1919–20, and was a member of Plymouth's team for their first match in the newly formed Football League Third Division in 1920–21. He scored 15 goals in 48 appearances in all competitions. In late 1920 he returned to the town of his birth, signing for Bolton Wanderers for a world record fee of £3,500 (£ in 2020). He spent eight seasons with the Trotters, forming a formidable partnership with Joe Smith, and between them they scored more than 300 goals. While with Bolton, he made history by being the first person to score a goal at Wembley Stadium, in the 1923 FA Cup Final; Bolton won 2–0 and Jack earned his first medal. Title: 2016–17 Chelsea F.C. season Passage: Chelsea lost its first pre-season match, against Rapid Wien, which ended in a 2 -- 0 defeat. In the following match of its Austrian tour, Chelsea won 3 -- 0 against Wolfsberger AC, with youngsters Bertrand Traoré, Ruben Loftus - Cheek and Nathaniel Chalobah each scoring a goal. The following day, Chelsea had a closed - door friendly with local team Atus Ferlach, ending its Austrian tour with an 8 -- 0 win over the champions of the Austrian fourth - tier Kärntner Liga.	[ "Laurent Charvet", "2016–17 Chelsea F.C. season" ]
What country hosted the 2004 Summer olympics in the city Alleycat's Pizza's headquarters is located?	tw	[ "TW", "Chinese Taipei" ]	Title: List of Olympic Games host cities Passage: In 2022, Beijing will become the only city that has held both the summer and the winter Olympic Games. Nine cities will have hosted the Olympic Games more than once: Athens (1896 and 2004 Summer Olympics), Paris (1900, 1924 and 2024 Summer Olympics), London (1908, 1948 and 2012 Summer Olympics), St. Moritz (1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics), Lake Placid (1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics), Los Angeles (1932, 1984 and 2028 Summer Olympics), Innsbruck (1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics), Tokyo (1964 and 2020 Summer Olympics) and Beijing (2008 Summer Olympics and 2022 Winter Olympics). In addition, Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics. London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics. Paris will become the second city to do this with the 2024 Summer Olympics, followed by Los Angeles as the third in 2028. The United States has hosted a total of eight Olympic Games, more than any other country, followed by France with five editions. Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom have each hosted three Games. Title: Bart Brentjens Passage: Brentjens won a gold medal for mountain biking in the 1996 Summer Olympics, the first to recognize cross-country mountain biking as an event. He followed this with bronze in the 2004 Summer Olympics. Previously he won gold at the 1995 UCI Mountain Bike & Trials World Championships. In 2007 he became 10th time Dutch National champion Title: Shen Jianqiang Passage: Shen Jianqiang (born 5 August 1964) is a Chinese former swimmer who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics, in the 1988 Summer Olympics, and in the 1992 Summer Olympics. Zhou Ming was his coach during the peak of his swimming career. Title: Okka Rau Passage: Okka Rau (born January 5, 1977 in Leer, Lower Saxony) is a female beach volleyball player from Germany, who won the gold medal at the 2003 European Championships in Alanya, partnering Stephanie Pohl. She represented her native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece and the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. Title: Michelle Ballentine Passage: Michelle Ballentine (born 31 August 1975, in Saint Catherine Parish) is a retired Jamaican athlete who specialised in the 800 metres. She represented her country at the 2004 Summer Olympics reaching the semifinals. Title: Simone Kuhn Passage: Simone Kuhn (born 2 September 1980 in Wattwil) is a female professional beach volleyball player from Switzerland, who represented her native country at the beach volleyball tournaments of the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In 2004, she partnered with Nicole Schnyder and lost all three pool matches. In 2008, she played alongside Lea Schwer and again lost all pool matches. In 2012, she partnered with Nadine Zumkehr and the pair reached the round of 16 where they were eliminated by the American pair of Jennifer Kessy and April Ross who went on to win silver. Title: Leonardo Binchi Passage: Leonardo Binchi (born 27 August 1975) is an Italian water polo player who competed in the 2000 Summer Olympics, in the 2004 Summer Olympics, and in the 2008 Summer Olympics. Title: You Wenhui Passage: You Wenhui (; born October 20, 1979 in Shanghai) is a female Chinese beach volleyball player who competed in the 2004 Summer Olympics. Title: Claudio Liverziani Passage: Claudio Liverziani (born 4 March 1975) is an Italian baseball player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics, in the 2000 Summer Olympics, and in the 2004 Summer Olympics. He also competed in the 2006 World Baseball Classic. Title: Sébastien Godefroid Passage: He won the silver medal in sailing at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. He also competed at the 2000, 2004 and 2008 Olympics, but has not won another medal. He placed 7th in both the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, he was the Belgian flag bearer during the opening ceremony. He ultimately placed 12th alongside his helmsman Carolijn Brouwer in the Tornado-class. Title: Chinese Taipei at the 2004 Summer Olympics Passage: Chinese Taipei left Athens with a total of five Olympic medals (two golds, two silver, and one bronze), being considered its most successful Olympics. Chinese Taipei's highlight of the Games came with a remarkable milestone for taekwondo jin Chen Shih-hsin and Chu Mu-yen, claiming the nation's first ever gold medals in Olympic history. Meanwhile, another taekwondo jin Huang Chih-hsiung picked up his second medal with a sterling silver in the men's lightweight division, adding it to his bronze from Sydney four years earlier. Title: Alleycat's Pizza Passage: Alleycat's Pizza, usually referred to simply as Alleycat's, is a pizzeria chain restaurant that started in Taipei, Taiwan, in 2004. From its humble origins in the tiny basement level of a building on Lishui Street, it has expanded to nine locations throughout Taipei.	[ "Alleycat's Pizza", "Chinese Taipei at the 2004 Summer Olympics" ]
What is the highest point in the country where Kikaaya is located?	1,400 metres	[]	Title: Lars Christensen Peak Passage: Lars Christensen Peak, also known as Lars Christensentoppen, is the highest point at on Peter I Island, off the coast of Antarctica. Title: Green-breasted pitta Passage: It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, DRC, Gabon, and Uganda. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. In Uganda however, it occurs at altitudes between 1,100 and 1,400 metres. Title: Nassacher Höhe Passage: Nassacher Höhe is a mountain of Bavaria, Germany. The highest point of the Hassberge. It is 512 m above NN. Title: Thabana Ntlenyana Passage: Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means "Beautiful little mountain" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high. Title: Punta Marguareis Passage: The Punta Marguareis (It) or Pointe Marguareis (Fr) is a mountain in the Ligurian Alps, on the boundary between Italy and France; It is the highest peak of the Ligurian Alps. Title: Kikaaya Passage: Kikaaya is a neighborhood in the city of Kampala, Uganda's capital city. The correct phonetic spelling is with two 'a's, after the second 'k'. Title: Monte Solaro Passage: Monte Solaro is a mountain on the island of Capri in Campania, Italy. With an elevation of 589 m, its peak is the highest point of Capri. Title: Chemin des Révoires Passage: The Chemin des Révoires is a pathway within Les Révoires district of the Principality of Monaco. It is the highest point in Monaco. Title: Korovin Volcano Passage: Korovin Volcano is the highest point on Atka Island in the Aleutian Islands chain Alaska, United States. Korovin is a side vent to the main Atka shield volcano. However, Korovin is the highest point on the island. Title: Cerro del Bolsón Passage: Cerro del Bolsón is a mountain in the Aconquija Range of Argentina, in Tucumán province. It is the highest point of a significant eastern spur of the main range of the Andes, east of the Puna de Atacama region. It lies about 200 kilometres east of Ojos del Salado, the highest point in the Puna de Atacama. Title: Monniaz Passage: Monniaz is a village in the municipality of Jussy in Switzerland. At 513 metres it is highest place in the canton of Geneva and also its easternmost village. The highest point of the canton (516 m) is located north of Monniaz, near Les Arales (French border). It is also the lowest of the cantons' high points. Title: Mafadi Passage: Mafadi () is a peak on the border of South Africa and Lesotho. At a height of , it is the highest mountain in the nation of South Africa, but is lower than Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest peak in Lesotho which is, at , the highest point in Southern Africa. Mafadi lies at S 29 12 08.4 E 29 21 25.5 in the WGS84 format.	[ "Kikaaya", "Green-breasted pitta" ]
When was the armistice signed between Central powers and the country where Kseniya Boguslavskaya's spouse came from?	1917	[]	Title: Modern history Passage: Another action in 1917 that is of note was the armistice signed between Russia and the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. As a condition for peace, the treaty by the Central Powers conceded huge portions of the former Russian Empire to Imperial Germany and the Ottoman Empire, greatly upsetting nationalists and conservatives. The Bolsheviks made peace with the German Empire and the Central Powers, as they had promised the Russian people prior to the Revolution. Vladimir Lenin's decision has been attributed to his sponsorship by the foreign office of Wilhelm II, German Emperor, offered by the latter in hopes that with a revolution, Russia would withdraw from World War I. This suspicion was bolstered by the German Foreign Ministry's sponsorship of Lenin's return to Petrograd. The Western Allies expressed their dismay at the Bolsheviks, upset at: Title: Second Battle of Cobadin Passage: The Second Battle of Cobadin was a battle fought from 19 to 25 October 1916 between the Central Powers, chiefly the Bulgarian Third Army and the Entente, represented by the Russo - Romanian Army of the Dobrogea. The battle ended in decisive victory for the Central Powers and the occupation of the strategic port of Constanţa and capture of the railway between that city and Cernavodă. Title: Dwight D. Eisenhower Passage: In July 1953, an armistice took effect with Korea divided along approximately the same boundary as in 1950. The armistice and boundary remain in effect today, with American soldiers stationed there to guarantee it. The armistice, concluded despite opposition from Secretary Dulles, South Korean President Syngman Rhee, and also within Eisenhower's party, has been described by biographer Ambrose as the greatest achievement of the administration. Eisenhower had the insight to realize that unlimited war in the nuclear age was unthinkable, and limited war unwinnable. Title: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Passage: The Treaty of Brest - Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the new Bolshevik government of Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria - Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire), that ended Russia's participation in World War I. The treaty was signed at Brest - Litovsk (Polish: Brześć Litewski; since 1945 Brest), after two months of negotiations. The treaty was agreed upon by the Bolshevik government to stop further advances by German and Austro - Hungarian forces. According to the treaty, Soviet Russia defaulted on all of Imperial Russia's commitments to the Triple Entente alliance. Title: Ivan Puni Passage: Ivan Puni was born in Kuokkala (then Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire, now Repino in Russia) to a family of Italian origins. He is the grandson of an eminent Italian composer of ballet music, Cesare Pugni. Title: Armistice of 22 June 1940 Passage: The Armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed at 18: 36 near Compiègne, France, by officials of Nazi Germany and the French Third Republic. It did not come into effect until after midnight on 25 June. Title: United States in World War I Passage: The United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, over 2 ⁄ years after World War I started. A ceasefire and Armistice was declared on November 11, 1918. Before entering the war, the U.S. had remained neutral, though it had been an important supplier to Great Britain and the other Allied powers. Title: Treaty of Versailles Passage: Of the many provisions in the treaty, one of the most important and controversial required ``Germany (to) accept the responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage ''during the war (the other members of the Central Powers signed treaties containing similar articles). This article, Article 231, later became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty forced Germany to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers. In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US $442 billion or UK £284 billion in 2018). At the time economists, notably John Maynard Keynes (a British delegate to the Paris Peace Conference), predicted that the treaty was too harsh -- a`` Carthaginian peace'' -- and said the reparations figure was excessive and counter-productive, views that, since then, have been the subject of ongoing debate by historians and economists from several countries. On the other hand, prominent figures on the Allied side such as French Marshal Ferdinand Foch criticized the treaty for treating Germany too leniently. Title: Veterans Day Passage: Veterans Day is an official United States public holiday, observed annually on November 11, that honors military veterans; that is, persons who served in the United States Armed Forces. It coincides with other holidays, including Armistice Day and Remembrance Day, celebrated in other countries that mark the anniversary of the end of World War I; major hostilities of World War I were formally ended at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month of 1918, when the Armistice with Germany went into effect. The United States previously observed Armistice Day. The U.S. holiday was renamed Veterans Day in 1954. Title: Hundred Days Offensive Passage: The Hundred Days Offensive was the final period of the First World War, during which the Allies launched a series of offensives against the Central Powers on the Western Front from 8 August to 11 November 1918, beginning with the Battle of Amiens. The offensive essentially pushed the Germans out of France, forcing them to retreat beyond the Hindenburg Line, and was followed by an armistice. The term ``Hundred Days Offensive ''does not refer to a specific battle or unified strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories starting with the Battle of Amiens. Title: Kseniya Boguslavskaya Passage: Born in St. Petersburg, she studied art in Paris from 1911 to 1913. She returned to St. Petersburg in 1913 and married Ivan Puni. Their apartment in St Petersburg became a meeting place for avant-garde artists and poets. With Puni she published the cubo-futurist booklet "Roaring Parnassus" («Рыкающий Парнас») in 1914. Title: Korean War Passage: The Demilitarized Zone runs northeast of the 38th parallel; to the south, it travels west. The old Korean capital city of Kaesong, site of the armistice negotiations, originally was in pre-war South Korea, but now is part of North Korea. The United Nations Command, supported by the United States, the North Korean People's Army, and the Chinese People's Volunteers, signed the Armistice Agreement on 27 July 1953 to end the fighting. The Armistice also called upon the governments of South Korea, North Korea, China and the United States to participate in continued peace talks. The war is considered to have ended at this point, even though there was no peace treaty. North Korea nevertheless claims that it won the Korean War.	[ "Kseniya Boguslavskaya", "Ivan Puni", "Modern history" ]
Who is the front man of the band that recorded Apple Venus Volume 1?	Andy Partridge	[]	Title: Look Heart, No Hands Passage: "Look Heart, No Hands" is a song written by Trey Bruce and former Amazing Rhythm Aces member Russell Smith, and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in November 1992 as the only new single for his "Greatest Hits, Volume 2" compilation. Travis' rendition of the song was a Number One hit for him in early 1993, spending two weeks at the top of the "Billboard" country singles charts. Title: Broken Halos Passage: ``Broken Halos ''is a song recorded by American singer - songwriter Chris Stapleton. Written by Stapleton and Mike Henderson, it was released on April 14, 2017 as a promotional single from his second studio album From A Room: Volume 1. The lead track on Volume 1, it was serviced to country radio on July 17 as the album's second single. It won the award for Best Country Song at the 60th Grammy Awards and received a nomination for Single Record of the Year at the 53rd Academy of Country Music Awards. Title: Motif (album) Passage: Motif (also known as Motif Volume 1) is a 2008 album by guitarist Steve Howe. The album features re-recordings of songs from Howe's career, including pieces from his solo albums as well as Yes albums. Title: Apple I Passage: Apple Computer 1, also known later as the Apple I, or Apple - 1, is a desktop computer released by the Apple Computer Company (now Apple Inc.) in 1976. It was designed and hand - built by Steve Wozniak. Wozniak's friend Steve Jobs had the idea of selling the computer. The Apple I was Apple's first product, and to finance its creation, Jobs sold his only motorized means of transportation, a VW Microbus, for a few hundred dollars, and Wozniak sold his HP - 65 calculator for $500; however, Wozniak said that Jobs planned to use his bicycle if necessary. It was demonstrated in July 1976 at the Homebrew Computer Club in Palo Alto, California. Title: The Times They Are a-Changin' (song) Passage: Dylan appears to have written the song in September and October 1963. He recorded it as a Witmark publishing demo at that time, a version that was later released on The Bootleg Series Volumes 1 -- 3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961 -- 1991. The song was then recorded at the Columbia studios in New York on October 23 and 24; the latter session yielded the version that became the title song of Dylan's third album. The a - in the song title is an archaic intensifying prefix, as in the British songs ``A-Hunting We Will Go ''and`` Here We Come a-Wassailing'', from the 18th and 19th century. Title: Sharecropper's Seed Passage: Sharecropper's Seed, Volume 1 is the sixth studio album from Christian artist Nicole C. Mullen. The album was released through Word, Warner, and Curb on April 3, 2007. Title: Cold Turkey Passage: "Cold Turkey" is a song written by John Lennon, released as a single in 1969 by the Plastic Ono Band on Apple Records, catalogue Apples 1001 in the United Kingdom, Apple 1813 in the United States. It is the second solo single issued by Lennon, and it peaked at number 30 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and number 14 on the UK Singles Chart. The song's first appearance on an album was "Live Peace in Toronto 1969" where the song had been performed live on 13 September 1969 with Lennon reading the lyrics off a clip-board. Title: Oh Woman, Oh Why Passage: "Oh Woman, Oh Why" is a song written by English musician Paul McCartney, first released on the Apple Records label in February 1971 as the B-side to McCartney's debut single as a solo artist, "Another Day". Title: Apple Watch Passage: The Apple Watch Series 3 was released on September 22, 2017 alongside the discontinuation of the Apple Watch Series 2. Apple still produces the second - generation Series 1 Apple Watch as an entry - level device. Title: The Worship of Venus Passage: The Worship of Venus is an oil on canvas painting by the Italian artist Titian completed between 1518–1519, housed at the Museo del Prado in Madrid, Spain. It describes a Roman rite of worship conducted in honour of the goddess Venus each 1 April. On this occasion, women would make offerings to representations of the goddess so as to cleanse "every blemish on their bodies". Title: The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album Passage: The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album is a CD box set of rarities from XTC guitarist and frontman Andy Partridge. The box set brings together the eight previously released "Fuzzy Warbles" volumes, originally issued between 2002 and 2006, and includes an exclusive ninth disc entitled "Hinges". The large volume of material dates back to 1979. Title: Apple Venus Volume 1 Passage: Apple Venus Volume 1 is the 13th studio album by the English rock band XTC, released in February 1999. It was the first on the band's own Idea Records label through Cooking Vinyl and distributed in the United States by TVT Records. The album relies heavily on strings, acoustic guitars and keyboards, expanding upon the more orchestral approach developed on the group's previous LP "Nonsuch" (1992). "Apple Venus Volume 1" was met with critical acclaim and moderate sales, peaking at number 42 on the UK Albums Chart and number 106 on the US "Billboard" 200.	[ "Apple Venus Volume 1", "The Official Fuzzy Warbles Collector's Album" ]
Who founded the employer of Jonathan Lubin?	James Manning	[]	Title: Employer Identification Number Passage: The Employer Identification Number (EIN), also known as the Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) or the Federal Tax Identification Number, is a unique nine - digit number assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to business entities operating in the United States for the purposes of identification. When the number is used for identification rather than employment tax reporting, it is usually referred to as a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN), and when used for the purposes of reporting employment taxes, it is usually referred to as an EIN. These numbers are used for tax administration and must be not used for any other purpose. For example, the EIN should not be used in tax lien auction or sales, lotteries, etc. Title: Get Satisfaction Passage: Get Satisfaction is a customer community software platform for technical support based in San Francisco, California, United States. It was founded on January 31, 2007, by several people, including Lane Becker, Amy Muller, Thor Muller, and Jonathan Grubb. It publicly launched in September 2007. In April 2015, Get Satisfaction was acquired by Sprinklr, a social media management company. Title: Jonathan Lubin Passage: Jonathan Darby Lubin (born August 10, 1936, in Staten Island, New York) is a professor emeritus of mathematics at Brown University. He received an A.B. from Columbia College in 1957 and a Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1963 under the direction of John Tate. He taught at Bowdoin College from 1962–1967 and at Brown University from 1967–2000. Title: James Manning (minister) Passage: James Manning (October 22, 1738 – July 29, 1791) was an American Baptist minister, educator and legislator from Providence, Rhode Island best known for being the first president of Brown University and one of its most involved founders. Title: Being Human Foundation Passage: Founded 2007 Founder Salman Khan Type Education and healthcare for underprivileged Focus Underprivileged children Location Mumbai Area served India Products Clothing and watches Services Education, employment and medical treatment Method Direct training, funding medical treatment, supplies for the differently - abled Owner Salman Khan Website www.beinghumanonline.com Title: Adventure's End Passage: Adventure's End is a 1937 American adventure film from Universal Pictures, directed by Arthur Lubin and starring John Wayne and Diana Gibson. Filming took place in July 1937. Title: Preventice Passage: Preventice, Inc., formerly known as Boost Information Systems, Inc., was founded in 2007 by Jonathan Otterstatter, Scott Burrichter, Greg Wobig and Dan Spors. The company has headquarters in Rochester, MN Title: I, Jonathan Passage: I, Jonathan is the fourth solo album by Jonathan Richman, released by the Rounder Records label in 1992. As the founder of influential protopunk band The Modern Lovers, Richman had strived to convey authentic emotions and storytelling with his music. "I, Jonathan" continued this aesthetic with simple and sparse rock and roll arrangements, and straightforward lyrics about mundane topics. Title: Monday Night Brewing Passage: Monday Night Brewing is a craft brewery founded in 2006 by Jonathan Baker, Jeff Heck, and Joel Iverson in Atlanta, Georgia. Title: Jobst Brandt Passage: Brandt was born in New York City, where his father, the German-born agricultural economist Karl Brandt, was a professor at the New School for Social Research. The family moved to Palo Alto in 1938. Jobst Brandt studied mechanical engineering at Stanford University, graduating in 1958. After two years of military service in the US Army Corps of Engineers, stationed near Frankfurt, Germany, he found employment at Porsche. His subsequent employers included Hewlett Packard, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, and Avocet, a bicycle accessories brand. At Avocet, he was involved in the development of a cyclocomputer (patent 6,134,508), touring shoes (patent 4,547,983), and a high-performance bicycle tire, and published "The Bicycle Wheel", a unique treatise on wheelbuilding which became a best-seller. Title: Richard Alton Graham Passage: Richard Alton Graham (November 6, 1920 – September 24, 2007) was an American equal rights leader, one of the inaugural group of five members of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). He was the founding director of the National Teachers Corps He was also one of the founders of the National Organization for Women (NOW), becoming one of its initial officers. Title: Madison, Wisconsin Passage: Founded in 1829 on an isthmus between Lake Monona and Lake Mendota, Madison was named the capital of the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and became the capital of the state of Wisconsin when it was admitted to the Union in 1848. That same year, the University of Wisconsin was founded in Madison and the state government and university have become the city's two largest employers. The city is also known for its lakes, restaurants, and extensive network of parks and bike trails, with much of the park system designed by landscape architect John Nolen.	[ "James Manning (minister)", "Jonathan Lubin" ]
Which was the first tube station in the city where Guilty as Charged's performer was formed?	10 January 1863	[]	Title: WAMZ Passage: WAMZ is a country music-formatted radio station located in Louisville, Kentucky. The station broadcasts on 97.5 FM with an ERP of 100 kW. The station's studios are located in the Louisville enclave of Watterson Park and the transmitter site is in Brooks, Kentucky. Title: London Underground Passage: London Underground A deep - level Central line train at Lancaster Gate bound for Ealing Broadway A larger sub-surface Metropolitan line train at Farringdon bound for Aldgate Overview Locale Greater London, Buckinghamshire, Essex, Hertfordshire Transit type Rapid transit Number of lines 11 Number of stations 270 served (260 owned) Daily ridership 5 million Annual ridership 1.379 billion (2016 / 17) Website London Underground Operation Began operation 10 January 1863; 154 years ago (1863 - 01 - 10) Operator (s) London Underground Limited Reporting marks LT (National Rail) Technical System length 402 km (250 mi) Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ⁄ in) standard gauge Electrification 630 V DC fourth rail Average speed 33 km / h (21 mph) Title: Trinidad metro station Passage: Trinidad is an elevated metro station on the Line 4 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. The side platforms and tracks are wrapped in a large elliptical cross section tube. The station has a mezzanine area below the tracks. Title: WOLT Passage: WOLT (103.3 FM, "ALT 103.3") is an FM radio station in Indianapolis, Indiana. The alternative rock-formatted station is owned by iHeartMedia. The studios are located at 6161 Fall Creek Road on the northeast side of Indianapolis. The transmitter and antenna are located on the northwest side of Indianapolis. Title: Cock Sparrer Passage: Cock Sparrer () is a punk rock band formed in 1972 in the East End of London, England. Although they have never enjoyed commercial success, they are considered one of the most influential street punk bands of all time, helping pave the way for early '80s punk scene and the Oi! subgenre. Their songs have been covered by many punk, Oi!, and hardcore bands. Title: WJWZ Passage: WJWZ, also known as 97.9 Jamz, is an urban contemporary formatted radio station that serves the Montgomery Metropolitan Area, broadcasting on the FM band at a frequency of 97.9 MHz and licensed to Wetumpka, Alabama. The station is locally owned and operated by Bluewater Broadcasting Company, LLC. The station's transmitter is located in Montgomery. The station's studios are located on Wall St. in Midtown Montgomery. Title: WRDF Passage: WRDF (106.3 FM) is a radio station licensed to Columbia City, Indiana located near Fort Wayne, Indiana. The station offers a Catholic Talk format branded as "Redeemer Radio". The station is owned by Fort Wayne Catholic Radio Group, Inc.. Title: WORW Passage: WORW (91.9 FM, "The Wave") is a high school radio station located in Port Huron Northern High School broadcasting a CHR/Top 40 format. Licensed to Port Huron, Michigan, it first began broadcasting on September 30, 1981. Title: Guilty as Charged (Cock Sparrer album) Passage: Guilty as Charged is punk rock band Cock Sparrer's fourth studio album, released in 1994 on Bitzcore Records. The album was re-released on 24 February 2009, in a remixed and partially rerecorded form on Captain Oi! Records. Title: WSGL Passage: WSGL is a commercial radio station located in Naples, Florida, broadcasting on 104.7 FM. WSGL airs a hot adult contemporary music format branded as "Mix 104.7". Mix 104.7 currently airs a mix of pop rock from 90's 2000's and today's current hits. Although the station's format is Hot AC, WSGL reports to Mediabase as a mainstream Adult Contemporary station. Title: KGTM Passage: KGTM is a Hot AC formatted radio station located in Shelley, Idaho, broadcasting to Eastern Idaho area on 98.1 FM. Title: WKKO Passage: WKKO is a commercial FM radio station in Toledo, Ohio broadcasting on 99.9 MHz with a country music format. It is owned by Cumulus Media. The station's studios are located in Toledo, and its transmitter is located in Harbor View, Ohio.	[ "Cock Sparrer", "London Underground", "Guilty as Charged (Cock Sparrer album)" ]
Who was manager when the sports team having Joe McLaughlin won champions league?	Roberto Di Matteo	[]	Title: Västervik Speedway Passage: Västervik Speedway are a motorcycle speedway team from Västervik in Sweden. Västervik were established in 1966 and have raced in the Elitserien, the top league division of Swedish speedway, since 1991. They were Elitserien Champions in 2005 and in 2007 they finished runners-up to Dackarna. The team is managed by Peter Helgesson and Marvyn Cox. Former riders include 1993 World Champion Sam Ermolenko and Australia national speedway team manager Craig Boyce. Title: Chicago White Sox Passage: The White Sox won the 1906 World Series with a defense - oriented team dubbed ``the Hitless Wonders '', and the 1917 World Series led by Eddie Cicotte, Eddie Collins, and Shoeless Joe Jackson. The 1919 World Series was marred by the Black Sox Scandal, in which several members of the White Sox were accused of conspiring with gamblers to fix games. In response, Major League Baseball's new Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned the players from Major League Baseball for life. In 1959, led by Early Wynn, Nellie Fox, Luis Aparicio and manager Al López, the White Sox won the American League pennant. They won the AL pennant in 2005, and went on to win the World Series, led by World Series MVP Jermaine Dye, Paul Konerko, Mark Buehrle, catcher A.J. Pierzynski, and the first Latino manager to win the World Series, Ozzie Guillén. Title: Boston Passage: Boston has teams in the four major North American professional sports leagues plus Major League Soccer, and has won 36 championships in these leagues, As of 2014[update]. It is one of six cities (along with Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York and Philadelphia) to have won championships in all four major sports. It has been suggested that Boston is the new "TitleTown, USA", as the city's professional sports teams have won nine championships since 2001: Patriots (2001, 2003, 2004, and 2014), Red Sox (2004, 2007, and 2013), Celtics (2008), and Bruins (2011). This love of sports has made Boston the United States Olympic Committee's choice to bid to hold the 2024 Summer Olympic Games, but the city cited financial concerns when it withdrew its bid on July 27, 2015. Title: List of Portuguese football champions Passage: S.L. Benfica, with 36 titles, have been crowned champions more times than any other club, and dominated the league during the 1960s and 1970s. Benfica are followed by Porto with 28 titles, who dominated in the 1990s and 2000s, who in turn are followed by Sporting CP with 18 titles, they dominated in the 1940s and 1950s. C.F. Os Belenenses and Boavista F.C. are the only other clubs which managed to win the league, each having won it once. All five clubs are from the two largest cities, of Lisbon and Porto respectively. Title: Joe McLaughlin (footballer) Passage: Joe McLaughlin (born 2 June 1960 in Greenock) is a retired professional footballer who played for Chelsea for six seasons in the 1980s. Title: Boston Passage: The Boston Red Sox, a founding member of the American League of Major League Baseball in 1901, play their home games at Fenway Park, near Kenmore Square in the city's Fenway section. Built in 1912, it is the oldest sports arena or stadium in active use in the United States among the four major professional American sports leagues, encompassing Major League Baseball, the National Football League, National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League. Boston was the site of the first game of the first modern World Series, in 1903. The series was played between the AL Champion Boston Americans and the NL champion Pittsburgh Pirates. Persistent reports that the team was known in 1903 as the "Boston Pilgrims" appear to be unfounded. Boston's first professional baseball team was the Red Stockings, one of the charter members of the National Association in 1871, and of the National League in 1876. The team played under that name until 1883, under the name Beaneaters until 1911, and under the name Braves from 1912 until they moved to Milwaukee after the 1952 season. Since 1966 they have played in Atlanta as the Atlanta Braves. Title: Kitchener Rangers Passage: The Kitchener Rangers are a major junior ice hockey team based in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the Ontario Hockey League. The Rangers have won the J. Ross Robertson Cup as OHL champions in 1981, 1982, 2003 and 2008. They have appeared in six Mastercard Memorial Cups (1981, 1982, 1984, 1990, 2003 and 2008), advancing to the final game of the tournament each of those six years. They are two - time Memorial Cup champions (1982, 2003). Title: Chatham Maroons Passage: The Chatham Maroons are a junior ice hockey team based in Chatham, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Western division of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League. The Maroons were the 1970 Western Ontario Junior A Champions and 1973 Southern Ontario Junior A Champions. The Maroons have won multiple Junior B league titles and the 1999 Sutherland Cup as Ontario Hockey Association Junior B Champions. Title: Krzysztof Jabłoński Passage: Krzysztof Jabłoński (born 30 September 1977 in Gniezno, Poland) is a Polish speedway rider has won European Champion titles and was a member of the Polish national team. Title: List of Chelsea F.C. managers Passage: Name Nat Tenure Honours Ted Drake England 1952 -- 1961 1955 First Division 1955 FA Charity Shield Tommy Docherty Scotland 1961 -- 1967 1965 Football League Cup Dave Sexton England 1967 -- 1974 1970 FA Cup 1971 European Cup Winners' Cup John Neal England 1981 -- 1985 1984 Second Division John Hollins England 1985 -- 1988 1986 Full Members Cup Bobby Campbell England 1988 -- 1991 1989 Second Division 1990 Full Members Cup Ruud Gullit Netherlands 1996 -- 1998 1997 FA Cup Gianluca Vialli Italy 1998 -- 2000 1998 Football League Cup 1998 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1998 UEFA Super Cup 2000 FA Cup 2000 FA Charity Shield José Mourinho Portugal 2004 -- 2007 2013 -- 2015 2005 Football League Cup 2005 Premier League 2005 FA Community Shield 2006 Premier League 2007 Football League Cup 2007 FA Cup 2015 Football League Cup 2015 Premier League Guus Hiddink Netherlands 2009 2015 -- 2016 2009 FA Cup Carlo Ancelotti Italy 2009 -- 2011 2009 FA Community Shield 2010 Premier League 2010 FA Cup Roberto Di Matteo Italy 2012 2012 FA Cup 2012 UEFA Champions League Rafael Benítez Spain 2012 -- 2013 2013 UEFA Europa League Antonio Conte Italy 2016 -- 2018 2017 Premier League 2018 FA Cup Title: 2018 NBA Summer League Passage: 2018 NBA Summer League League National Basketball Association Sport Basketball Duration July 2 -- 17 Number of games At least 5 games (including 3 preliminary games) for each team (as many as 8 games per team) Number of teams Sacramento - 4 Utah - 4 Las Vegas - 30 TV partner (s) NBA TV & ESPN California Classic Summer League Season champions Golden State Warriors Top scorer De'Aaron Fox Utah Jazz Summer League Season champions Memphis Grizzlies Top scorer Derrick White Las Vegas NBA Summer League Season champions Portland Trail Blazers Runners - up Los Angeles Lakers Top seed Los Angeles Lakers Season MVP Josh Hart (league) KJ McDaniels (championship game) NBA Summer League seasons ← 2017 2019 → Title: Scottish Premiership Passage: Scottish Premiership Founded 2013; 5 years ago (2013) Country Scotland Confederation UEFA Number of teams 12 Level on pyramid Relegation to Scottish Championship Domestic cup (s) Scottish Cup League cup (s) Scottish League Cup International cup (s) UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League Current champions Celtic (5th title) (2017 -- 18) Most championships Celtic (5 titles) TV partners Sky Sports BT Sport BBC Scotland Website www.spfl.co.uk 2017 -- 18 Scottish Premiership	[ "List of Chelsea F.C. managers", "Joe McLaughlin (footballer)" ]
The 1998 Tour of the country Boesingheliede is located is part of what?	Ronde van Nederland	[ "season" ]	Title: List of sign languages Passage: There are perhaps three hundred sign languages in use around the world today. The number is not known with any confidence; new sign languages emerge frequently through creolization and de novo (and occasionally through language planning). In some countries, such as Sri Lanka and Tanzania, each school for the deaf may have a separate language, known only to its students and sometimes denied by the school; on the other hand, countries may share sign languages, though sometimes under different names (Croatian and Serbian, Indian and Pakistani). Deaf sign languages also arise outside educational institutions, especially in village communities with high levels of congenital deafness, but there are significant sign languages developed for the hearing as well, such as the speech - taboo languages used in aboriginal Australia. Scholars are doing field surveys to identify the world's sign languages. Title: ISO 3166 Passage: ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions. Title: Holland Passage: Holland North and South Holland (in orange) shown together within the Netherlands Country Netherlands Largest settlements List (show) Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Haarlem Zoetermeer Dordrecht Leiden Area Total 5,488 km (2,119 sq mi) Population (January 2017) Total 6,466,735 Density 1,200 / km (3,100 / sq mi) Demonym (s) Hollander Time zone CET (UTC + 1) Summer (DST) CEST (UTC + 2) Title: Mennonites Passage: Disagreements within the church over the years led to other splits; sometimes the reasons were theological, sometimes practical, sometimes geographical. For instance, near the beginning of the 20th century, some members in the Amish church wanted to begin having Sunday Schools and participate in progressive Protestant - style para-church evangelism. Unable to persuade the rest of the Amish, they separated and formed a number of separate groups including the Conservative Mennonite Conference. Mennonites in Canada and other countries typically have independent denominations because of the practical considerations of distance and, in some cases, language. Many times these divisions took place along family lines, with each extended family supporting their own branch. Title: David Carter (golfer) Passage: Carter was born in Johannesburg, South Africa, and represented his country of birth at junior level. He later moved to England and turned professional in 1989. After several visits to qualifying school he had his rookie season on the European Tour in 1995. His best season was 1998, when he won the Murphy's Irish Open, which remains his only official money victory on the tour, and finished 19th on the Order of Merit. However he is probably best known for winning that year's World Cup for England in partnership with Nick Faldo. He also won the 1996 Indian PGA Championship. Title: 1998 Ronde van Nederland Passage: These are the results for the 38th edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 25 to August 29, 1998. The race started in Naaldwijk (Zuid-Holland) and finished in Landgraaf (Limburg). Title: ISO 3166-1 Passage: ISO 3166-1 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. The official name of the standard is "Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions – Part 1: Country codes". It defines three sets of country codes: Title: Greece Passage: The names for the nation of Greece and the Greek people differ from the names used in other languages, locations and cultures. Although the Greeks call the country Hellas or Ellada (Greek: Ἑλλάς or Ελλάδα) and its official name is the Hellenic Republic, in English it is referred to as Greece, which comes from the Latin term Graecia as used by the Romans, which literally means 'the land of the Greeks', and derives from the Greek name Γραικός. However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well. Title: Catalan language Passage: These territories are sometimes referred to as the Països Catalans (Catalan Countries), a denomination based on cultural affinity and common heritage, that has also had a subsequent political interpretation but no official status. Various interpretations of the term may include some or all of these regions. Title: That Don't Impress Me Much Passage: ``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian singer Shania Twain. It was released in December 1998 as the sixth country single from her third studio album, Come On Over (1997). It was third to pop and fourth to international markets. The song was written by Robert John`` Mutt'' Lange and Twain, and was originally released to North American country radio stations in late 1998. It became her third biggest single on the Billboard Hot 100 and remains one of Twain's biggest hits worldwide. ``That Do n't Impress Me Much ''was included in both the Come On Over and Up! Tours. The country version was performed on the Come on Over Tour and the dance version on the Up! Tour.`` That Do n't Impress Me Much'' was named Foreign Hit of the Year at the 2000 Danish Grammy Awards. Title: Zaire Passage: Zaire (/ zɑːˈɪər /), officially the Republic of Zaire (French: République du Zaïre; French pronunciation: (za. iʁ)), was the name for the Democratic Republic of the Congo that existed between 1971 and 1997 in Central Africa. The country was a one - party totalitarian dictatorship, run by Mobutu Sese Seko and his ruling Popular Movement of the Revolution party. Zaire was established following Mobutu's seizure of power in a military coup in 1965, following five years of political upheaval following independence known as the Congo Crisis. Zaire had a strongly centralist constitution and foreign assets were nationalised. The period is sometimes referred to as the Second Congolese Republic. Title: Boesingheliede Passage: Boesingheliede () is a hamlet in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Haarlemmermeer, and lies about 12 km west of Amsterdam.	[ "1998 Ronde van Nederland", "Holland", "Boesingheliede" ]
Who is the screenwriter of the documentary named after the country where Brummana is found?	Samuel Maoz	[]	Title: Remo Forlani Passage: Remo Forlani (1927–2009) was a French writer and screenwriter born in Paris to a French mother and an Italian immigrant father. Title: Burnt by the Sun Passage: Burnt by the Sun (, translit. "Utomlyonnye solntsem", literally "wearied by the sun") is a 1994 film by Russian director and screenwriter Nikita Mikhalkov and Azerbaijani screenwriter Rustam Ibragimbekov. The film depicts the story of a senior Red Army officer, played by Mikhalkov, and his family during the Great Purge of the late 1930s in the Stalinist Soviet Union. It also stars Oleg Menshikov, Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė and Mikhalkov's daughter Nadezhda Mikhalkova. Title: Brummana Passage: Brummana () is a town in the Matn District of the Mount Lebanon Governorate in Lebanon. It is located east of Beirut, overlooking the capital and the Mediterranean. Title: George Schenck Passage: George Schenck is an American screenwriter. His credits include "Futureworld", the TV-movie "The Phantom of Hollywood" and numerous episodes of "NCIS". Title: Ahmad Abdalla Passage: Ahmad Abdalla El Sayed Abdelkader () (born on December 19, 1979, Cairo) is an Egyptian film director, editor and screenwriter. Title: Parker Croft Passage: Parker Croft (born January 13 1987) is an American actor and screenwriter, most famous for his role as Felix on Once Upon a Time. Title: Lebanon (2009 film) Passage: Lebanon (; Lebanon: The Soldier's Journey in the UK) is a 2009 internationally co-produced war film directed by Samuel Maoz. It won the Leone d'Oro at the 66th Venice International Film Festival, becoming the first Israeli-produced film to have won that honour. In Israel itself the film has caused some controversy. The film was nominated for ten Ophir Awards, including Best Film. The film also won the 14th Annual Satyajit Ray Award. Title: Joseph Fields Passage: Joseph Albert Fields (February 21, 1895 – March 4, 1966) was an American playwright, theatre director, screenwriter, and film producer. Title: Mildred Horn Passage: Mildred Horn was a film critic and screenwriter, best known for her work on the Kroger Babb exploitation film "Mom and Dad". Title: I Am Number Four (film) Passage: In 2011, screenwriter Noxon told Collider.com that plans for an imminent sequel were shelved due to the disappointing performance of the first installment at the box office. Title: Mario Lanfranchi Passage: Mario Lanfranchi (born Parma, Italy, June 30, 1927) is an Italian film, theatre and television director, screenwriter, producer, collector and actor. Title: Aaron Rahsaan Thomas Passage: Aaron Rahsaan Thomas is an American television and film screenwriter and producer, as well as an adjunct professor at the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts.	[ "Lebanon (2009 film)", "Brummana" ]
When was the alma mater of Rosalind Plowright founded?	1972	[]	Title: West China College of Stomatology Passage: West China College of Stomatology of the West China Medical Center of Sichuan University has a significant role in the development of modern stomatology, and was the earliest hospital of stomatology in China. A dental clinic called Ren Ji Dental Clinic was founded in 1907, and then expanded to the first dental hospital in China in 1912. In 1917 the medical faculty of West China Union University (WCUU) established a department of dentistry and in 1921 the status was raised to the college of dentistry of WCUU. In 1928 the college of Medicine and dentistry formed the joint college of medicine and dentistry of WCUU. It was renamed as Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan Medical College in 1953. In 1985, it was granted a name as the College of Stomatology, Sichuan University School of Medicine (aka West China University of Medical Sciences) and was changed into West China College of Stomatology, West China Medical Center of Sichuan University in 2000. Title: Rosalind Plowright Passage: Rosalind Plowright was born in Worksop and studied at the Royal Northern College of Music in Manchester and at the London Opera Centre. Title: David Hunter Riddle Passage: David Hunter Riddle (April 14, 1805 – 1888) was the ninth and last president of Jefferson College from 1862 until its union with Washington College to form Washington & Jefferson College in 1865. He also served as trustee and the acting Principal of the Western University of Pennsylvania, today known as the University of Pittsburgh, from 1849 to 1855. Title: Colleges and Institutes Canada Passage: Colleges and Institutes Canada (CICan; ) is a national association formed in 1972 to represent the interests of its member institutions to government and industry. Membership is voluntary and open to publicly funded community colleges in Canada or institutions that may also be referred to as an institute of technology, CEGEP, or University with a college mandate. CICan currently has 127 member institutions. Title: Pervaiz Iqbal Cheema Passage: Cheema was born at Sialkot and was initially educated at Sialkot, later on he moved to Government College, Lahore where he completed his Master's in History. He also did Master's in Political Science from Punjab University, Certificate in Peace Research and International Relations from Oslo University (Norway), Diploma in International Relations from Vienna University (Austria), M. Litt. in Strategic Studies from Aberdeen University (U.K.) and Ph.D. from Quaid-i-Azam University (Pakistan). Title: Iowa State University Passage: On July 4, 1959, the college was officially renamed Iowa State University of Science and Technology. However, the short - form name ``Iowa State University ''is used even in official documents such as diplomas. Title: Queen Bees and Wannabes Passage: Queen Bees and Wannabes is a 2002 self-help book by Rosalind Wiseman. It focuses on the ways in which girls in high schools form cliques, and on patterns of aggressive teen girl behavior and how to deal with them. The book was, in large part, the basis for the film "Mean Girls" (2004). Title: London Passage: The majority of primary and secondary schools and further-education colleges in London are controlled by the London boroughs or otherwise state-funded; leading examples include City and Islington College, Ealing, Hammersmith and West London College, Leyton Sixth Form College, Tower Hamlets College and Bethnal Green Academy. There are also a number of private schools and colleges in London, some old and famous, such as City of London School, Harrow, St Paul's School, Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School, University College School, The John Lyon School, Highgate School and Westminster School. Title: She Wouldn't Say Yes Passage: She Wouldn't Say Yes is a 1945 screwball comedy film directed by Alexander Hall and starring Rosalind Russell and Lee Bowman. Title: Lancashire Passage: More recent Lancashire-born composers include Hugh Wood (1932- Parbold), Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1934-, Salford), Sir Harrison Birtwistle (1934-, Accrington), Gordon Crosse (1937-, Bury),John McCabe (1939-2015, Huyton), Roger Smalley (1943-2015, Swinton), Nigel Osborne (1948-, Manchester), Steve Martland (1954-2013, Liverpool), Simon Holt (1958-, Bolton) and Philip Cashian (1963-, Manchester). The Royal Manchester College of Music was founded in 1893 to provide a northern counterpart to the London musical colleges. It merged with the Northern College of Music (formed in 1920) to form the Royal Northern College of Music in 1972. Title: I Love You to Death Passage: I Love You to Death is a 1990 American black comedy film directed by Lawrence Kasdan and starring an ensemble cast featuring Kevin Kline, Tracey Ullman, Joan Plowright, River Phoenix, William Hurt, and Keanu Reeves. Title: Yoko Matsuoka McClain Passage: The Japanese Minister of Foreign Affairs honored McClain for her contributions to Japanese-U.S. cultural relations in 2003. The University of Oregon College of Arts and Sciences also awarded her the Alumni Fellows Award in 2003. In August 2011, McClain received the Gertrude Bass Warner Award from the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art.	[ "Rosalind Plowright", "Lancashire" ]
In what part of the world is the country known for its Muslims and the group that traded slaves into the Middle East?	Western Asia	[ "western Asia" ]	Title: Slave Trade Act 1807 Passage: The Slave Trade Act 1807, officially An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom prohibiting the slave trade in the British Empire. Although it did not abolish the practice of slavery, it did encourage British action to press other nations states to abolish their own slave trades. Title: Syria Passage: Syria (Arabic: سوريا ‎ Sūriyā), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية ‎ al - Jumhūrīyah al - ʻArabīyah as - Sūrīyah) is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus. A country of fertile plains, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to diverse ethnic and religious groups, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians, Mandeans and Turks. Religious groups include Sunnis, Christians, Alawites, Druze, Isma'ilis, Mandeans, Shiites, Salafis, Yazidis, and Jews. Sunni make up the largest religious group in Syria. Title: Tadeusz Jan Kowalski Passage: Tadeusz Jan Kowalski (1889-1948) was a Polish orientalist, expert on Middle East Muslim culture and languages. He was a professor at Jagiellonian University, and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning. Title: British Empire Passage: With support from the British abolitionist movement, Parliament enacted the Slave Trade Act in 1807, which abolished the slave trade in the empire. In 1808, Sierra Leone was designated an official British colony for freed slaves. The Slavery Abolition Act passed in 1833 abolished slavery in the British Empire on 1 August 1834 (with the exception of St. Helena, Ceylon and the territories administered by the East India Company, though these exclusions were later repealed). Under the Act, slaves were granted full emancipation after a period of 4 to 6 years of "apprenticeship". Title: Modern history Passage: The term "Early Modern" was introduced in the English language in the 1930s. to distinguish the time between what we call Middle Ages and time of the late Enlightenment (1800) (when the meaning of the term Modern Ages was developing its contemporary form). It is important to note that these terms stem from European history. In usage in other parts of the world, such as in Asia, and in Muslim countries, the terms are applied in a very different way, but often in the context with their contact with European culture in the Age of Discovery. Title: Atlantic slave trade Passage: The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly from Africa to the Americas, and then their sale there. The slave trade used mainly the triangular trade route and its Middle Passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries. The vast majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were Africans from central and western Africa, who had been sold by other West Africans to Western European slave traders (with a small number being captured directly by the slave traders in coastal raids), who brought them to the Americas. The South Atlantic and Caribbean economies especially were dependent on the supply of secure labour for the production of commodity crops, making goods and clothing to sell in Europe. This was crucial to those western European countries which, in the late 17th and 18th centuries, were vying with each other to create overseas empires. Title: Syria Passage: Sunni Muslims make up between 69–74% of Syria's population and Sunni Arabs account for 59–60% of the population. Most Kurds (8.5%) and most Turkoman (3%) are Sunni and account for the difference between Sunnis and Sunni Arabs, while 13% of Syrians are Shia Muslims (particularly Alawite, Twelvers, and Ismailis but there are also Arabs, Kurds and Turkoman), 10% Christian (the majority are Antiochian Greek Orthodox, the rest are Syrian Orthodox, Greek Catholic and other Catholic Rites, Assyrian Church of the East, Armenian Orthodox, Protestants and other denominations), and 3% Druze. Druze number around 500,000, and concentrate mainly in the southern area of Jabal al-Druze.President Bashar al-Assad's family is Alawite and Alawites dominate the government of Syria and hold key military positions. In May 2013, SOHR stated that out of 94,000 killed during the Syrian Civil War, at least 41,000 were Alawites.Christians (2.5 million), a sizable number of whom are found among Syria's population of Palestinian refugees, are divided into several sects: Chalcedonian Antiochian Orthodox make up 45.7% of the Christian population; the Catholics (Melkite, Armenian Catholic, Syriac Catholic, Maronite, Chaldean Catholic and Latin) make up 16.2%; the Armenian Apostolic Church 10.9%, the Syriac Orthodox make up 22.4%; Assyrian Church of the East and several smaller Christian denominations account for the remainder. Many Christian monasteries also exist. Many Christian Syrians belong to a high socio-economic class. Title: Sahara Passage: The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year. Title: European exploration of Africa Passage: European exploration of Sub-Saharan Africa begins with the Age of Discovery in the 15th century, pioneered by Portugal under Henry the Navigator. The Cape of Good Hope was first reached by Bartolomeu Dias on 12 March 1488, opening the important sea route to India and the Far East, but European exploration of Africa itself remained very limited during the 16th and 17th centuries. The European powers were content to establish trading posts along the coast while they were actively exploring and colonizing the New World. Exploration of the interior of Africa was thus mostly left to the Arab slave traders, who in tandem with the Muslim conquest of the Sudan established far - reaching networks and supported the economy of a number of Sahelian kingdoms during the 15th to 18th centuries. Title: Guinea-Bissau Passage: Guinea-Bissau was once part of the kingdom of Gabu, part of the Mali Empire; parts of this kingdom persisted until the 18th century. Other parts of the territory in the current country were considered by the Portuguese as part of their empire. Portuguese Guinea was known as the Slave Coast, as it was a major area for the exportation of African slaves by Europeans to the western hemisphere. Previously slaves had been traded by Arabs north to the northern part of Africa and into the Middle East. Title: Middle Ages Passage: Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Iran were in flux during the late sixth and early seventh centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it. Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later seventh century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus.The Islamic conquests reached their peak in the mid-eighth century. The defeat of Muslim forces at the Battle of Tours in 732 led to the reconquest of southern France by the Franks, but the main reason for the halt of Islamic growth in Europe was the overthrow of the Umayyad Caliphate and its replacement by the Abbasid Caliphate. The Abbasids moved their capital to Baghdad and were more concerned with the Middle East than Europe, losing control of sections of the Muslim lands. Umayyad descendants took over the Iberian Peninsula, the Aghlabids controlled North Africa, and the Tulunids became rulers of Egypt. By the middle of the 8th century, new trading patterns were emerging in the Mediterranean; trade between the Franks and the Arabs replaced the old Roman economy. Franks traded timber, furs, swords and slaves in return for silks and other fabrics, spices, and precious metals from the Arabs. Title: Gold Coast (British colony) Passage: In 1482, the Portuguese came to the continent for increased trade. They built the Castle of Elmina, the first European settlement on the Gold Coast. From here they acquired slaves and gold in trade for European goods, such as metal knives, beads, mirrors, rum, and guns. News of the successful trading spread quickly, and British, Dutch, Danish, Prussian and Swedish traders arrived as well. The European traders built several forts along the coastline. The Gold Coast had long been a name for the region used by Europeans because of the large gold resources found in the area. The slave trade was the principal exchange and major part of the economy for many years. In this period, European nations began to explore and colonize the Americas. Soon the Portuguese and Spanish began to export African slaves to the Caribbean, and North and South America. The Dutch and British also entered the slave trade, at first supplying markets in the Caribbean and on the Caribbean coast of South America.	[ "Syria", "Guinea-Bissau" ]
Who is we belong together by the Forever performer about?	Tommy Mottola	[]	Title: Forever (Mariah Carey song) Passage: "Forever" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her fifth studio album, "Daydream". It was released by Columbia Records on March 10, 1996, as an airplay-only single from the album. The song was written and produced by Carey and Walter Afanasieff, and was composed throughout 1995. Its lyrics describe a situation where the protagonist knows her relationship with her lover has withered away, however he will continue living in her memory forever. Title: Get Your Act Together with Harvey Goldsmith Passage: Get Your Act Together with Harvey Goldsmith is a Channel 4 television programme in which promoter Harvey Goldsmith is given six months to help revive the fortunes of six entertainment businesses or performers. Title: We Belong Together Passage: The song's music video was filmed as a two - part story with ``It's Like That '', which featured Carey at her bachelorette party. The video for`` We Belong Together'' is a continuation focusing on Carey's wedding to an older and powerful man and ends with the singer eloping with her ex-lover. Rumors arose of the video's connection to her 1993 marriage to Tommy Mottola. Carey performed the song on several award shows and television appearances around the world, namely MTV Movie Awards, MTV Video Music Awards, Macy's Fourth of July Parade, The Oprah Winfrey Show and the 48th Grammy Awards. In Europe the song was performed at the Live 8 charity concert, the Fashion Rocks in Monaco, and the German Bambi Awards. Carey performed the song on both her Adventures of Mimi and Angels Advocate Tours. Title: Diamonds Are Forever (soundtrack) Passage: ``Diamonds Are Forever '', the title song with lyrics by Don Black, was the second Bond theme to be performed by Shirley Bassey, after`` Goldfinger''. The song was also recorded in Italian by Bassey as ``Una Cascata di Diamanti (Vivo Di Diamanti) ''; this version was only issued on 7 - inch single in Italy, and was intended to be included in a (cancelled) 3 - CD box set titled Shirley released in 2012. Title: Sea spider Passage: Sea spiders have long been considered to belong to the Chelicerata, together with horseshoe crabs, and the Arachnida, which includes spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, and harvestmen, among other, lesser known orders. Title: Tatyana Nikitina Passage: Tatyana Khashimovna Nikitina (, born December 31, 1945) is a prominent Russian bard. She usually performs together with her husband, Sergey Nikitin. Title: Further Seems Forever Passage: Further Seems Forever is an American rock band formed in 1998 in Pompano Beach, Florida. Over its initial eight-year run the band experienced several lineup changes, resulting in a different lead vocalist performing on each of their first three studio albums. Original singer Chris Carrabba recorded "The Moon Is Down" (2001) with the group before leaving to start Dashboard Confessional. He was replaced by Jason Gleason, who performed on "How to Start a Fire" (2003) but left the band the following year. Former Sense Field vocalist Jon Bunch joined Further Seems Forever for "Hide Nothing" (2004). The band broke up in 2006 but reunited four years later with Carrabba on vocals. Their fourth studio album, "Penny Black", was released in 2012. Title: Voorgoed voorbij Passage: "Voorgoed voorbij" ("Over forever") was the second Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1956 (the only Contest where competing countries were permitted to enter two songs). The song was written by Jelle de Vries and performed in Dutch by Corry Brokken. Title: I'm Not Supposed to Love You Anymore Passage: "I'm Not Supposed to Love You Anymore" is a song co-written by Skip Ewing and Donny Kees, and performed by American country music singer Bryan White. It was released in February 1996 as the first single from his album "Between Now and Forever". The song peaked at number 4 on the U.S. country chart and at number 2 on the Canadian country chart. It also peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. Title: You've Got a Friend in Me Passage: ``You've Got a Friend in Me ''Single by Randy Newman and Lyle Lovett from the album Toy Story Released April 12, 1996 Format Cassette, CD single, digital download Genre Country, pop, soundtrack Length 2: 39 Label Walt Disney Songwriter (s) Randy Newman Producer (s) Randy Newman Randy Newman singles chronology`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010)`` It's Money That Matters'' / ``Falling in Love ''(1988)`` You've Got a Friend in Me'' (1996) ``We Belong Together ''(2010) Lyle Lovett singles chronology`` Do n't Touch My Hat'' (1996) Do n't Touch My Hat 1996 ``You've Got a Friend in Me ''(1996) You've Got a Friend in Me1996`` Private Conversation'' (1997) Private Conversation1997 Title: Münster-Kinderhaus Passage: Kinderhaus is a district of Münster, a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It lies approximately 4 km to the north of the centre of Münster and belongs to the borough Münster-Nord, together with Coerde and Sprakel. It has 16,000 inhabitants and is mainly a residential area, though it has attracted some service enterprises, primarily in a large strip mall surrounding the Bürgerzentrum. Title: Shafqat Amanat Ali Passage: Shafqat Amanat Ali Khan (), (born 26 February 1965) is a Pakistani classical singer belonging to Patiala Gharana lineage. He was the lead vocalist of the Pakistani rock band Fuzön until 2006 . He was awarded the President's Pride of Performance civil award on 23 March 2008.	[ "We Belong Together", "Forever (Mariah Carey song)" ]
What did Goring believe the operator of battleships from Bernhard Fischer's birth country would gain with further support?	control of more Luftwaffe units	[ "Luftwaffe" ]	Title: Haneda Airport International Terminal Station Passage: Haneda Airport International Terminal Station is a railway station at Tokyo International Airport in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan. The station is operated by the private railway operator by Keikyu and Tokyo Monorail. The station opened on October 21, 2010. The operators use different names for the station in Japanese: Title: Hyderabad Passage: The most commonly used forms of medium distance transport in Hyderabad include government owned services such as light railways and buses, as well as privately operated taxis and auto rickshaws. Bus services operate from the Mahatma Gandhi Bus Station in the city centre and carry over 130 million passengers daily across the entire network.:76 Hyderabad's light rail transportation system, the Multi-Modal Transport System (MMTS), is a three line suburban rail service used by over 160,000 passengers daily. Complementing these government services are minibus routes operated by Setwin (Society for Employment Promotion & Training in Twin Cities). Intercity rail services also operate from Hyderabad; the main, and largest, station is Secunderabad Railway Station, which serves as Indian Railways' South Central Railway zone headquarters and a hub for both buses and MMTS light rail services connecting Secunderabad and Hyderabad. Other major railway stations in Hyderabad are Hyderabad Deccan Station, Kachiguda Railway Station, Begumpet Railway Station, Malkajgiri Railway Station and Lingampally Railway Station. The Hyderabad Metro, a new rapid transit system, is to be added to the existing public transport infrastructure and is scheduled to operate three lines by 2015. Title: List of battleships of Germany Passage: The German navies—specifically the Kaiserliche Marine and Kriegsmarine of Imperial and Nazi Germany, respectively—built a series of battleships between the 1890s and 1940s. To defend its North and Baltic Sea coasts in wartime, Germany had previously built a series of smaller ironclad warships, including coastal defense ships, and armored frigates. With the accession to the throne of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1888, the Kaiserliche Marine began a program of naval expansion befitting a Great Power. The navy immediately pushed for the construction of the four s, after which soon followed five ships. The appointment of Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz to the post of State Secretary of the Navy in 1897 accelerated naval construction. Tirpitz's "risk theory" planned a fleet that would be sufficiently powerful so that Great Britain, then the world's preeminent naval power, would avoid risking war with Germany in order to preserve its superiority. Title: Bernhard Fischer Passage: Johann Friedrich Bernhard Fischer (19 February 1852 Coburg - 2 August 1915 Dadizele) was a German bacteriologist noted for his classification system for bacteria. Title: The Blitz Passage: Directive 23 was the only concession made by Göring to the Kriegsmarine over the strategic bombing strategy of the Luftwaffe against Britain. Thereafter, he would refuse to make available any air units to destroy British dockyards, ports, port facilities, or shipping in dock or at sea, lest Kriegsmarine gain control of more Luftwaffe units. Raeder's successor—Karl Dönitz—would—on the intervention of Hitler—gain control of one unit (KG 40), but Göring would soon regain it. Göring's lack of cooperation was detrimental to the one air strategy with potentially decisive strategic effect on Britain. Instead, he wasted aircraft of Fliegerführer Atlantik (Flying Command Atlantic) on bombing mainland Britain instead of attacks against convoys. For Göring, his prestige had been damaged by the defeat in the Battle of Britain, and he wanted to regain it by subduing Britain by air power alone. He was always reluctant to cooperate with Raeder. Title: Gare de Tournay Passage: Tournay is a railway station in Tournay, Occitanie, France. The station is located on the Toulouse - Bayonne railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF. Title: Gare de Douzillac Passage: Douzillac is a railway station in Douzillac, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Coutras - Tulle railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF. Title: Sande Station Passage: Sande Station () is a railway station on the Vestfold Line in Sande, Norway. The station is served with InterCity Express trains operated by the Norwegian State Railways. Title: Railway stations in Coburg Passage: There are six railway stations in the town of Coburg in Bavaria, southern Germany. These include: two passenger stations, three halts and one goods station. Title: Gare d'Urt Passage: Urt is a railway station in Urt, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Toulouse - Bayonne railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by the SNCF. Title: Gare de Douai Passage: Douai is a railway station serving the town of Douai, Nord, France. The station opened in 1846 and is located on the Paris–Lille railway and Douai–Valenciennes railway. The train services are operated by SNCF. Title: Hardingham railway station Passage: Hardingham railway station is a railway station in the village of Hardingham in the English county of Norfolk. The station is periodically served by heritage services operated by the Mid-Norfolk Railway on the line from East Dereham to Wymondham.	[ "List of battleships of Germany", "Railway stations in Coburg", "Bernhard Fischer", "The Blitz" ]
What organization hires the author of now i lay me down to sleep?	Magdalen College	[ "Magdalen College, Oxford" ]	Title: Uncle Tom's Cabin Passage: Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly, is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel ``helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War '', according to Will Kaufman. Title: Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep Passage: Perhaps the earliest version was written by Joseph Addison in an essay appearing in The Spectator on 8th March 1711. It says: Title: Canadian Human Rights Commission Passage: The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the "Canadian Human Rights Act" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the "Employment Equity Act" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights. Title: Slow-wave sleep Passage: Slow - wave sleep (SWS), often referred to as deep sleep, consists of stage three (combined stages 3 and 4) of non-rapid eye movement sleep. Initially, SWS consisted of both Stage 3, which has 20 - 50 percent delta wave activity, and Stage 4, which has more than 50 percent delta wave activity. However, as of 2008, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) has discontinued the use of Stage four as a separate stage. Thus, the two stages are now combined as ``Stage three ''or N3. An epoch (30 seconds of sleep) which consists of 20% or more slow - wave (delta) sleep is now considered to be stage three. Title: Old English Passage: The four main dialectal forms of Old English were Mercian, Northumbrian, Kentish, and West Saxon. Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian. In terms of geography the Northumbrian region lay north of the Humber River; the Mercian lay north of the Thames and South of the Humber River; West Saxon lay south and southwest of the Thames; and the smallest, Kentish region lay southeast of the Thames, a small corner of England. The Kentish region, settled by the Jutes from Jutland, has the scantiest literary remains. Title: Ursula Fleming Passage: Ursula Fleming (1930 in Liverpool – 1992 in London) was an English psychotherapist, Lay Dominican and author; she was considered an expert in her field of work. Title: Inside Out & Back Again Passage: Inside Out & Back Again Author Thanhha Lai Cover artist Zdenko Bašić, Manuel Šumberac, Ray Shappell Country United States Language English Genre Historical Fiction Publisher HarperCollins Media type Print (hardcover) Pages 263 ISBN 978 - 0 - 06 - 196278 - 3 OCLC 606403465 Title: Herman Lay Passage: Herman Warden Lay (March 6, 1909 in Charlotte, North Carolina – December 6, 1982 in Dallas, Texas) was an American businessman who was involved in potato chip manufacturing with his eponymous brand of Lay's potato chips. He started H.W. Lay Co., Inc., now part of the Frito-Lay corporation, a subsidiary of PepsiCo. Title: Eugene Aserinsky Passage: Eugene Aserinsky (May 6, 1921 – July 22, 1998), a pioneer in sleep research, was a graduate student at the University of Chicago in 1953 when he discovered REM sleep. He was the son of a dentist of Russian–Jewish descent. Title: WorkCover Authority of New South Wales Passage: The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW). Title: Triad Wars Passage: Triad Wars is a cancelled open world online multiplayer video game developed by United Front Games in conjunction with Square Enix London Studios and published by Square Enix. It is a spin-off to the 2012 video game "Sleeping Dogs" and the second installment in the "Sleeping Dogs" series. The game had more traditional multiplayer online game elements than "Sleeping Dogs", with the central goal being to "rise to power as a criminal kingpin of the Triad underworld." It featured the same map as the original "Sleeping Dogs". Title: Addison's Walk Passage: Addison's Walk (originally called Water Walk) is a picturesque footpath around a small island in the River Cherwell in the grounds of Magdalen College, Oxford, England. There are good views of Magdalen Tower and Magdalen Bridge from along the walk.	[ "Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep", "Addison's Walk" ]
When did World War II end in the country where the Allies went after they left the area under which WINEP bundles the countries of northwest Africa?	July 1943	[]	Title: Newsboys' strike of 1899 Passage: Although the World and the Journal did not lower their 60 ¢- a-bundle price, they did agree to buy back all unsold papers and the union disbanded, ending the strike on August 2, 1899. Title: North African campaign Passage: Information gleaned via British Ultra code - breaking intelligence proved critical to Allied success in North Africa. Victory for the Allies in this campaign immediately led to the Italian Campaign, which culminated in the downfall of the fascist government in Italy and the elimination of Germany's main European ally. Title: Allies of World War II Passage: The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939 -- 1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as seeking to stop German, Japanese and Italian aggression. Title: Operation Market Garden Passage: Operation Market Garden (17 -- 25 September 1944) was an unsuccessful Allied military operation, fought in the Netherlands and Germany in the Second World War. The operation was split into two sub-operations: Title: Treaty of Versailles Passage: The Treaty of Versailles (French: Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919. Title: Libya Passage: Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya. Title: North African campaign Passage: The campaign was fought between the Allies, many of whom had colonial interests in Africa dating from the late 19th century, and the Axis Powers. The Allied war effort was dominated by the British Commonwealth and exiles from German - occupied Europe. The United States officially entered the war in December 1941 and began direct military assistance in North Africa on 11 May 1942. Title: Near East Passage: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is a non-profit organization for research and advice on Middle Eastern policy. It regards its target countries as the Middle East but adopts the convention of calling them the Near East to be in conformance with the practices of the State Department. Its views are independent. The WINEP bundles the countries of Northwest Africa together under "North Africa." Details can be found in Policy Focus #65. Title: Great power Passage: When World War II started in 1939, it divided the world into two alliances—the Allies (the United Kingdom and France at first in Europe, China in Asia since 1937, followed in 1941 by the Soviet Union, the United States); and the Axis powers consisting of Germany, Italy and Japan.[nb 1] During World War II, the United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union controlled Allied policy and emerged as the "Big Three". The Republic of China and the Big Three were referred as a "trusteeship of the powerful" and were recognized as the Allied "Big Four" in Declaration by United Nations in 1942. These four countries were referred as the "Four Policemen" of the Allies and considered as the primary victors of World War II. The importance of France was acknowledged by their inclusion, along with the other four, in the group of countries allotted permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council. Title: End of World War II in Asia Passage: The end of World War II in Asia occurred on 14 and 15 August 1945, when armed forces of the Empire of Japan surrendered to the forces of the Allies. The surrender came over three months after the surrender of the Axis forces in Europe and brought an end to World War II. Title: Military history of Italy during World War II Passage: However Italy's conquests were always heavily contested, both by various insurgencies (most prominently the Greek resistance and Yugoslav partisans) and Allied military forces, which waged the Battle of the Mediterranean throughout and beyond Italy's participation. Ultimately the Italian empire collapsed after disastrous defeats in the Eastern European and North African campaigns. In July 1943, following the Allied invasion of Sicily, Benito Mussolini was arrested by order of King Victor Emmanuel III, provoking a civil war. Italy's military outside of the peninsula itself collapsed, its occupied and annexed territories falling under German control. Italy surrendered to the Allies at the end of the Italian Campaign. Title: Soviet Union–United States relations Passage: The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922 -- 1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992. Full diplomatic relations between the two countries were established late due to mutual hostility. During World War II, the two countries were briefly allies. At the end of the war, the first signs of post-war mistrust and hostility began to appear between the two countries, escalating into the Cold War; a period of tense hostile relations, with periods of détente.	[ "North African campaign", "Near East", "Military history of Italy during World War II" ]
How many seasons was the lyricist of "Forever" a judge on American Idol?	one	[]	Title: American Idol Passage: The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show. Title: American Idol Passage: Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the "true art form of music", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem "so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight", and that "television is a lie". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol "isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' " That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that "Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that "there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs". Title: Justin Guarini Passage: Justin Guarini (born Justin Eldrin Bell; October 28, 1978) is an American singer / musician, actor, host and producer, who in 2002 was the runner - up on the first season of American Idol. Title: American Idol Passage: The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons. Title: American Idol (season 5) Passage: The fifth season of reality television singing competition American Idol began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals -- nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner - up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition. Title: American Idol (season 11) Passage: The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol, beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save. Title: Aubrey Cleland Passage: Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of "American Idol". Title: Forever (Mariah Carey song) Passage: "Forever" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her fifth studio album, "Daydream". It was released by Columbia Records on March 10, 1996, as an airplay-only single from the album. The song was written and produced by Carey and Walter Afanasieff, and was composed throughout 1995. Its lyrics describe a situation where the protagonist knows her relationship with her lover has withered away, however he will continue living in her memory forever. Title: American Idol Passage: The first season of American Idol debuted as a summer replacement show in June 2002 on the Fox network. It was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman. Title: Axium Passage: Axium was a Missouri-based band once headed by "American Idol" season 7 winner David Cook. Their sound was described as Alice in Chains meets Tantric. Title: American Idol (season 8) Passage: The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three. Title: American Idol Passage: Towards the end of the season, Randy Jackson, the last remaining of the original judges, announced that he would no longer serve as a judge to pursue other business ventures. Both judges Mariah Carey and Nicki Minaj also decided to leave after one season to focus on their music careers.	[ "American Idol", "Forever (Mariah Carey song)" ]
Who claimed a homeland in parts of turkey, as well as the nation where Shiras is, and the country where Al-Mada'in is found?	Kurdish people	[]	Title: Flag of Turkey Passage: The flag of Turkey (Turkish: Türk bayrağı) is a red flag featuring a white star and crescent. The flag is often called al bayrak (the red flag), and is referred to as al sancak (the red banner) in the Turkish national anthem. The current design of the Turkish flag is directly derived from the late Ottoman flag, which had been adopted in the late 18th century and acquired its final form in 1844. The measures, geometric proportions, and exact tone of red of the flag of Turkey were legally standardized with the Turkish Flag Law on May 29, 1936. Title: Hafez Passage: Hafez was born in Shiraz, Iran. His parents were from Kazerun, Fars Province. Despite his profound effect on Persian life and culture and his enduring popularity and influence, few details of his life are known. Accounts of his early life rely upon traditional anecdotes. Early tazkiras (biographical sketches) mentioning Hafez are generally considered unreliable. At an early age, he memorized the Quran and was given the title of Hafez, which he later used as his pen name. The preface of his Divān, in which his early life is discussed, was written by an unknown contemporary whose name may have been Moḥammad Golandām. Two of the most highly regarded modern editions of Hafez's Divān are compiled by Moḥammad Ghazvini and Qāsem Ḡani (495 ghazals) and by Parviz Natel-Khanlari (486 ghazals).Modern scholars generally agree that Hafez was born either in 1315 or 1317. According to an account by Jami, Hafez died in 1390. Hafez was supported by patronage from several successive local regimes: Shah Abu Ishaq, who came to power while Hafez was in his teens; Timur at the end of his life; and even the strict ruler Shah Mubariz ud-Din Muhammad (Mubariz Muzaffar). Though his work flourished most under the 27-year rule of Jalal ud-Din Shah Shuja (Shah Shuja), it is claimed Hāfez briefly fell out of favor with Shah Shuja for mocking inferior poets (Shah Shuja wrote poetry himself and may have taken the comments personally), forcing Hāfez to flee from Shiraz to Isfahan and Yazd, but no historical evidence is available. He is said to have been in Timur's court, as Hafez wrote a ghazal whose verse says if this Turk accept his homage: Title: Shiraz Passage: Shiraz has 71 bus lines with 50,000 buses. Iran's third Bus Rapid Transit opened in Shiraz in 2009 with two lines, and a further two planned to open in 2010. Service is free on 5 May, the day of the city. Title: Turkey Tayac Passage: Turkey Tayac fought in World War I in France as a part of the Rainbow Division, originally made up of National Guard units to mobilize quickly. He was nearly killed by mustard gas. Title: Mada'in Saleh Passage: In 2008, UNESCO proclaimed Mada'in Saleh as a site of patrimony, becoming Saudi Arabia's first World Heritage Site. It was chosen for its well-preserved remains from late antiquity, especially the 131 rock-cut monumental tombs, with their elaborately ornamented façades, of the Nabatean kingdom. Title: Al-Mada'in District Passage: Al-Mada'in District is a district of the Baghdad Governorate, Iraq. It includes the city of Salman Pak, which incorporates the ancient ruins of Al-Mada'in, and the oldest freestanding mud brick arch in the world. Other metropolitan areas include Jisr Dyala, an urban district that borders the Baghdad city district of (???), the northern village of Nahrawahn with its major brickworks, and the central village of Wahedah that sits astride the Basrah Highway into Wasit Province. Title: Kurdistan Passage: Kurdistan (/ ˌkɜːrdɪˈstæn, ˈstɑːn /; Kurdish: کوردستان ‎ (ˌkʊɾdɯˈstɑːn) (listen); lit. ``homeland of the Kurds '') or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo - cultural historical region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population and Kurdish culture, languages and national identity have historically been based. Kurdistan roughly encompasses the northwestern Zagros and the eastern Taurus mountain ranges. The territory corresponds to Kurdish irredentist claims. Title: Kurd Mountains Passage: Kurd Mountains or Kurd-Dagh ( "Jabal al-Akrad", "Çiyayê Kurmênc", ), is a highland region in northwestern Syria and southeastern Turkey. It is located in the Aleppo Governorate of Syria and Kilis Province of Turkey. The "Kurd mountain" should not be confused with the neighboring Jabal al Akrad ("Kurds' mountain") which is located further southwest towards the mediterranean coastline. Title: Islamism Passage: Originating as the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999, it pledged allegiance to al-Qaeda in 2004, participated in the Iraqi insurgency that followed the March 2003 invasion of Iraq by Western forces, joined the fight in the Syrian Civil War beginning in March 2011, and was expelled from al-Qaeda in early 2014, (which complained of its failure to consult and "notorious intransigence"). The group gained prominence after it drove Iraqi government forces out of key cities in western Iraq in a 2014 offensive. The group is adept at social media, posting Internet videos of beheadings of soldiers, civilians, journalists and aid workers, and is known for its destruction of cultural heritage sites. The United Nations has held ISIL responsible for human rights abuses and war crimes, and Amnesty International has reported ethnic cleansing by the group on a "historic scale". The group has been designated a terrorist organisation by the United Nations, the European Union and member states, the United States, India, Indonesia, Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Syria and other countries. Title: Ibn al-Haytham Passage: As he claimed to be able to regulate the flooding of the Nile, he was invited to by Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim in order to realise a hydraulic project at Aswan. However, Ibn al-Haytham was forced to concede the impracticability of his project. Title: Tiyani Passage: Tiyani is a village situated on the banks of the Middle Letaba Dam in the Hlanganani District of the former Gazankulu homeland and currently form part of the Vhembe District Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Title: Gholam Hossein Peyrovani Passage: Gholam Hossein Peyrovani (, born March 29, 1955 in Shiraz, Iran) is a former Iranian football player and now manager.	[ "Kurdistan", "Hafez", "Al-Mada'in District" ]
Who is the father of Two's screenwriter?	Sukumar Ray	[]	Title: Mark Williams (actor) Passage: Mark Williams (born 22 August 1959) is an English actor, screenwriter and presenter. He is best known as Arthur Weasley in the Harry Potter films, and as one of the stars of the popular BBC sketch show The Fast Show. He also played Brian Williams (father of Rory Williams) in the BBC series Doctor Who, and Olaf Petersen in Red Dwarf. More recently he has appeared as the title character in the BBC series Father Brown. Title: John McGreevey Passage: John McGreevey (December 21, 1922 – November 24, 2010) was an American writer and screenwriter. He is the father of former Disney star and Emmy-nominated television writer Michael McGreevey. Title: Michael Kehlmann Passage: Michael Kehlmann (21 September 1927 – 1 December 2005) was an Austrian television film director and theatre director, screenwriter and actor. He was the father of writer Daniel Kehlmann. Title: Trumbo (2007 film) Passage: Trumbo is a 2007 American documentary film directed by Peter Askin, produced by Will Battersby, Tory Tunnell, and Alan Klingenstein, and written by Christopher Trumbo. It is based on the letters of Trumbo's father, Dalton Trumbo, an Oscar-winning screenwriter who was imprisoned and blacklisted as a member of the Hollywood Ten, ten screenwriters, directors and producers who refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) in 1947 during the committee's investigation of Communist influences in the Hollywood film industry. Title: Dennis Crosby Passage: Dennis Michael Crosby (July 13, 1934 – May 4, 1991) was an American singer and occasional actor, the son of singer and actor Bing Crosby and his first wife Dixie Lee, and twin brother of Phillip Crosby. He was the father of actress Denise Crosby and screenwriter/film producer Gregory Crosby ("Hacksaw Ridge"). Title: Hippolyte Girardot Passage: Hippolyte Girardot (born Frédéric Girardot; 10 October 1955) is a French actor, film director and screenwriter. He is the father of actress Ana Girardot. Title: Sukumar Ray (film) Passage: Sukumar Ray is a 1987 Bengali short documentary film made by Satyajit Ray on his father, Sukumar Ray. It was released during the birth centenary year of Sukumar Ray, who was born on 30 October 1887. The thirty minutes documentary features the life and some of the works by Sukumar Ray in the form of paintings, photographs and readings. This is the last documentary made by Satyajit Ray as a tribute to his father, before he died in 1992. The documentary used Sukumar Ray's photographs and paintings than video recording as the film was considerably a new medium in India when Sukumar Ray died in 1923. Title: Kidada Jones Passage: The elder daughter of composer/arranger Quincy Jones and actress Peggy Lipton, Jones was born in Los Angeles, California. Jones was raised in Bel-Air with her younger sister Rashida, who is now an actress and screenwriter. Jones attended the Los Angeles Fashion Institute for Design and Merchandising and left at age 19 to work with the designer Tommy Hilfiger. She is Jewish on her mother's side, and African-American on her father's side. Lipton's parents were Harold Lipton (1911–1999), a corporate lawyer, and Rita Benson (1912–1986), an artist. Title: Two (1964 film) Passage: Two: A Film Fable is a 1964, black-and-white short film directed by the Indian director Satyajit Ray. The film was made under the banner of Esso World Theater at the request of a non-profit American public broadcasting television, PBS. It was made as part of a trilogy of short films from India. The other two films in the trilogy featured Indian Sitar player, Pandit Ravi Shankar and a Ballet troupe from Mumbai, then known as "Bombay". Ray, who worked prominently for Bengali cinema, was requested to make a film in English language with a Bengali setting, however Ray being an admirer of silent film decided to make a film without any dialogue as a tribute to the genre. Title: Julio Porter Passage: Julio Porter (July 14, 1916 in Buenos Aires – October 24, 1979 in Mexico City) was an Argentine screenwriter and film director known as one of the most prolific screenwriters and film directors in the history of the Cinema of Argentina. Title: Teri Gender Bender Passage: Suárez was born in Denver to a Mexican mother and a Spanish father, who worked as a prison guard. At age ten she began to have recurring dreams of playing guitar, and was able to convince her father to buy her one. She lived in Denver for the first thirteen years of her life, until she moved to Mexico with her mother and two younger brothers after her father's death from a heart attack. Title: Hallie Ephron Passage: Hallie Ephron was born in Los Angeles, California, to parents Henry and Phoebe Ephron, both East Coast-born-and-raised screenwriters. She is the sister of Nora Ephron, Delia Ephron, and Amy Ephron. She graduated from Barnard College in 1969. She is married and has two daughters. Her family is Jewish.	[ "Two (1964 film)", "Sukumar Ray (film)" ]
What town shares a border with Rivière-Verte in the state where Carleton North High School is located?	Edmundston	[]	Title: Voorhees High School Passage: Voorhees High School is a four-year public high school located in Lebanon Township, New Jersey, named for Foster McGowan Voorhees, the 30th Governor of New Jersey. It is one of two high schools in the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from six municipalities in northern Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Secondary Schools since 1977. Title: Plymouth North High School Passage: Plymouth North High School, known informally as Plymouth North or PNHS, is a public high school located in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Its students are residents of the town of Plymouth. The school is one of two high schools in Plymouth, the other being Plymouth South High School. Plymouth North is located south of Plymouth Center, and is located adjacent to the Plymouth County Courthouse, the Plymouth County Registry of Deeds, and Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital. The school colors are Navy Blue, White & Silver and the school mascot is an Eagle. Title: Soboth Pass Passage: The Soboth Pass (elevation 1347 m) is a high mountain pass in the Alps, located north of the border between Austria and Slovenia in the Austrian states of Styria and Carinthia connecting Soboth and Lavamünd. Title: CJD Christophorusschule Königswinter Passage: The CJD Christophorusschule Königswinter is a state recognized private, alternative school located in Rhein-Sieg-Kreis (North Rhine-Westphalia, on the border to Rhineland-Palatinate), and is run by the Christliches Jugenddorfwerk Deutschlands (Christian Youth Village Foundation of Germany – CJD). The school consists of a secondary school and a high school, which correspond to the state equivalents. The Christophorusschule has about 1,400 male and female students (including 360 in the secondary school), and about 105 teachers for instruction. In addition, a dormitory is available for students in grades 5-12, a branch for the highly gifted students, a knowledge center for gifted demands, and a school psychology service with certified psychologists. Title: Eastern Alamance High School Passage: Eastern Alamance High School is a public, coeducational high school located in Mebane, North Carolina, United States. It is one of seven high schools in the Alamance-Burlington School System. The school runs on block scheduling from 8:10am to 3:20pm. They are currently running on a 4 block school day with semester long courses. Ninth grade students can choose between eight total classes a year. Title: Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick Passage: It is located 15 kilometres southeast of Edmundston along the Saint John River and the Riviere Verte. Its name translates to "Green River". Title: Jean Ribault High School Passage: Jean Ribault High School is a public high school located in North Jacksonville, Florida. It is part of Duval County Public Schools. Title: Smithsburg High School Passage: Smithsburg High School was constructed in 1965 on 66 North Main Street in the town of Smithsburg, Maryland, United States. The school is part of the Washington County Public Schools system. It shares a campus with Smithsburg Middle School and, across the street, Smithsburg Elementary School. The current principal is Gary Willow. Title: Booker High School (Sarasota, Florida) Passage: Booker High School is a high school located in Sarasota, Florida. It is located in north Sarasota and is part of the school district of Sarasota County. The athletic teams are known as the Tornadoes. Title: Cumberland High School (Carlingford) Passage: Cumberland High School is a co-educational comprehensive secondary school (high school) located in the north-western metropolitan Western Sydney region of New South Wales, Australia. Title: New Technology High School at GHS Passage: New Technology High School @ GHS is a public high school in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States. It is one of five small schools located on the Garinger campus of schools in Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools. The principal of New Tech is Mr. Barry Blair. There are currently over 20 teachers and about 450 students. Title: Carleton North High School Passage: Carleton North High School is a high school located in Florenceville-Bristol, New Brunswick. Carleton North High School is in the Anglophone West School District and one of the last schools in New Brunswick that participated in the New Brunswick Potato Picking Week.	[ "Carleton North High School", "Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick" ]
How much of the US national debt is owned by the country of the philosopher who accurately described evaporation?	about $1.18 trillion	[]	Title: The Language of God Passage: The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief is a bestselling book by Francis Collins in which he advocates theistic evolution. Francis Collins is an American physician-geneticist, noted for his landmark discoveries of disease genes, and his leadership of the Human Genome Project (HGP). He currently serves as the Director of the US National Institutes of Health. In the book, Collins describes briefly the process by which he became a Christian. Title: Alloy Passage: With the introduction of the blast furnace to Europe in the Middle Ages, pig iron was able to be produced in much higher volumes than wrought iron. Because pig iron could be melted, people began to develop processes of reducing the carbon in the liquid pig iron to create steel. Puddling was introduced during the 1700s, where molten pig iron was stirred while exposed to the air, to remove the carbon by oxidation. In 1858, Sir Henry Bessemer developed a process of steel-making by blowing hot air through liquid pig iron to reduce the carbon content. The Bessemer process was able to produce the first large scale manufacture of steel. Once the Bessemer process began to gain widespread use, other alloys of steel began to follow. Mangalloy, an alloy of steel and manganese exhibiting extreme hardness and toughness, was one of the first alloy steels, and was created by Robert Hadfield in 1882. Title: Economy of Texas Passage: As a sovereign country (2016), Texas would be the 10th largest economy in the world by GDP (ahead of South Korea and Canada). Texas's household income was $48,259 in 2010 ranking 25th in the nation. The state debt in 2012 was calculated to be $121.7 billion, or $7,400 per taxpayer. Texas has the second largest population in the country after California. Title: National debt of the United States Passage: As of April 30, 2018, debt held by the public was $15.3 trillion and intragovernmental holdings were $5.7 trillion, for a total or ``National Debt ''of $21 trillion. Debt held by the public was approximately 77% of GDP in 2017, ranked 43rd highest out of 207 countries. The Congressional Budget Office forecast in April 2018 that the ratio will rise to nearly 100% by 2028, perhaps higher if current policies are extended beyond their scheduled expiration date. As of December 2017, $6.3 trillion or approximately 45% of the debt held by the public was owned by foreign investors, the largest being China (about $1.18 trillion) then Japan (about $1.06 trillion). Title: Tanzania Passage: It threatened the collapse of large financial institutions, which was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but stock markets still dropped worldwide. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of U.S. dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008–2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis. The active phase of the crisis, which manifested as a liquidity crisis, can be dated from August 9, 2007, when BNP Paribas terminated withdrawals from three hedge funds citing "a complete evaporation of liquidity". Title: European Central Bank Passage: There is also a widespread view[vague][who?] that giving much more financial support to continuously cover the debt crisis or allow even higher budget deficits or debt levels would discourage the crisis states to implement necessary reforms to regain their competitiveness.[citation needed] There has also been a reluctance[citation needed] of financially stable eurozone states like Germany[citation needed] to further circumvent the no-bailout clause in the EU contracts and to generally take on the burden of financing or guaranteeing the debts of financially unstable or defaulting eurozone countries.[citation needed] Title: Germans Passage: A German ethnicity emerged in the course of the Middle Ages, ultimately as a result of the formation of the kingdom of Germany within East Francia and later the Holy Roman Empire, beginning in the 9th century. The process was gradual and lacked any clear definition, and the use of exonyms designating "the Germans" develops only during the High Middle Ages. The title of rex teutonicum "King of the Germans" is first used in the late 11th century, by the chancery of Pope Gregory VII, to describe the future Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation Henry IV. Natively, the term ein diutscher ("a German") is used for the people of Germany from the 12th century. Title: Hydrochloric acid Passage: Hydrochloric acid is produced in solutions up to 38% HCl (concentrated grade). Higher concentrations up to just over 40% are chemically possible, but the evaporation rate is then so high that storage and handling require extra precautions, such as pressurization and cooling. Bulk industrial-grade is therefore 30% to 35%, optimized to balance transport efficiency and product loss through evaporation. In the United States, solutions of between 20% and 32% are sold as muriatic acid. Solutions for household purposes in the US, mostly cleaning, are typically 10% to 12%, with strong recommendations to dilute before use. In the United Kingdom, where it is sold as "Spirits of Salt" for domestic cleaning, the potency is the same as the US industrial grade. In other countries, such as Italy, hydrochloric acid for domestic or industrial cleaning is sold as "Acido Muriatico", and its concentration ranges from 5% to 32%. Title: Myanmar Passage: The goal of the Burmese constitutional referendum of 2008, held on 10 May 2008, is the creation of a "discipline-flourishing democracy". As part of the referendum process, the name of the country was changed from the "Union of Myanmar" to the "Republic of the Union of Myanmar", and general elections were held under the new constitution in 2010. Observer accounts of the 2010 election describe the event as mostly peaceful; however, allegations of polling station irregularities were raised, and the United Nations (UN) and a number of Western countries condemned the elections as fraudulent. Title: Wang Chong Passage: Wang Chong (; 27 – c. 100 AD), courtesy name Zhongren (仲任), was a Chinese meteorologist, astronomer, and philosopher active during the Han Dynasty. He developed a rational, secular, naturalistic and mechanistic account of the world and of human beings and gave a materialistic explanation of the origin of the universe. His main work was the "Lunheng" (論衡, "Critical Essays"). This book contained many theories involving early sciences of astronomy and meteorology, and Wang Chong was even the first in Chinese history to mention the use of the square-pallet chain pump, which became common in irrigation and public works in China thereafter. Wang also accurately described the process of the water cycle. Title: Han dynasty Passage: Han-era astronomers adopted a geocentric model of the universe, theorizing that it was shaped like a sphere surrounding the earth in the center. They assumed that the Sun, Moon, and planets were spherical and not disc-shaped. They also thought that the illumination of the Moon and planets was caused by sunlight, that lunar eclipses occurred when the Earth obstructed sunlight falling onto the Moon, and that a solar eclipse occurred when the Moon obstructed sunlight from reaching the Earth. Although others disagreed with his model, Wang Chong accurately described the water cycle of the evaporation of water into clouds. Title: Debt: The First 5000 Years Passage: Debt: The First 5,000 Years is a book by anthropologist David Graeber published in 2011. It explores the historical relationship of debt with social institutions such as barter, marriage, friendship, slavery, law, religion, war and government; in short, much of the fabric of human life in society. It draws on the history and anthropology of a number of civilizations, large and small, from the first known records of debt from Sumer in 3500 BC until the present.	[ "Wang Chong", "National debt of the United States", "Han dynasty" ]
Name one of the Native American tribes formed in the place where American studies are based on?	Aztec Empire	[]	Title: Modern history Passage: In Asia, various Chinese dynasties and Japanese shogunates controlled the Asian sphere. In Japan, the Edo period from 1600 to 1868 is also referred to as the early modern period. And in Korea, from the rising of Joseon Dynasty to the enthronement of King Gojong is referred to as the early modern period. In the Americas, Native Americans had built a large and varied civilization, including the Aztec Empire and alliance, the Inca civilization, the Mayan Empire and cities, and the Chibcha Confederation. In the west, the European kingdoms and movements were in a movement of reformation and expansion. Russia reached the Pacific coast in 1647 and consolidated its control over the Russian Far East in the 19th century. Title: Tybee Island, Georgia Passage: Native Americans, using dugout canoes to navigate the waterways, hunted and camped in Georgia's coastal islands for thousands of years. The Euchee tribe likely inhabited the island in the years preceding the arrival of the first Spanish explorers in the area in the 16th century. Tybee is the Euchee word for ``salt ''. Title: Multiracial Americans Passage: Some Europeans living among Indigenous Americans were called "white Indians". They "lived in native communities for years, learned native languages fluently, attended native councils, and often fought alongside their native companions." More numerous and typical were traders and trappers, who married Indigenous American women from tribes on the frontier and had families with them. Some traders, who kept bases in the cities, had what ware called "country wives" among Indigenous Americans, with legal European-American wives and children at home in the city. Not all abandoned their "natural" mixed-race children. Some arranged for sons to be sent to European-American schools for their education. Title: Bonnie HeavyRunner Passage: Bonnie Combes HeavyRunner (died November 24, 1997) founded the Native American Studies program at the University of Montana. She was the director of the Native American Studies department and pioneered the creation of The Payne Family Native American Center on the University of Montana campus. She was a member of the Blackfeet Nation and worked to create a support system for Native American students on the University of Montana campus until her death of ovarian cancer on November 24, 1997. Title: The Payne Family Native American Center Passage: The Payne Family Native American Center, located at the University of Montana in Missoula, Montana, is the first facility built exclusively for a department of Native American Studies and American Indian Student Services in the United States. Title: Arapaho, Oklahoma Passage: Arapaho is a town in and county seat of Custer County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 796 at the 2010 census, a 6.4 percent increase from 748 at the 2000 census. The town lies long U.S. Route 183. It is named for the Arapaho Native American tribe. Title: Colin Dayan Passage: Colin Dayan (also known as Joan Dayan), is the Robert Penn Warren Professor in the Humanities at Vanderbilt University, where she teaches American Studies, comparative literature, and the religious and legal history of the Americas. She has written extensively on prison law and torture, Caribbean culture and literary history, as well as on Haitian poetics, Edgar Allan Poe, and the history of slavery. After receiving her Ph.D. from the City University of New York Graduate Center in 1980, she taught at Princeton University, Yale University, the City University of New York, the University of Arizona, and the University of Pennsylvania. Title: Northern Seven Years' War Passage: During the war, the Seven Nations of Canada were allied with the French. These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley—the Algonquin, the Abenaki, the Huron, and others. Although the Algonquin tribes and the Seven Nations were not directly concerned with the fate of the Ohio River Valley, they had been victims of the Iroquois Confederation. The Iroquois had encroached on Algonquin territory and pushed the Algonquins west beyond Lake Michigan. Therefore, the Algonquin and the Seven Nations were interested in fighting against the Iroquois. Throughout New England, New York, and the North-west Native American tribes formed differing alliances with the major belligerents. The Iroquois, dominant in what is now Upstate New York, sided with the British but did not play a large role in the war. Title: Appalachian Mountains Passage: While exploring inland along the northern coast of Florida in 1528, the members of the Narváez expedition, including Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, found a Native American village near present-day Tallahassee, Florida whose name they transcribed as Apalchen or Apalachen [a.paˈla.tʃɛn]. The name was soon altered by the Spanish to Apalachee and used as a name for the tribe and region spreading well inland to the north. Pánfilo de Narváez's expedition first entered Apalachee territory on June 15, 1528, and applied the name. Now spelled "Appalachian," it is the fourth-oldest surviving European place-name in the US. Title: Indian reservation Passage: An Indian reservation is a legal designation for an area of land managed by a federally recognized Native American tribe under the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs rather than the state governments of the United States in which they are physically located. Each of the 326 Indian reservations in the United States are associated with a particular Native American nation. Not all of the country's 567 recognized tribes have a reservation -- some tribes have more than one reservation, some share reservations, while others have none. In addition, because of past land allotments, leading to some sales to non-Native Americans, some reservations are severely fragmented, with each piece of tribal, individual, and privately held land being a separate enclave. This jumble of private and public real estate creates significant administrative, political, and legal difficulties. Title: Klamath County, Oregon Passage: Klamath County ( KLAM-əth) is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 66,380. The county seat is Klamath Falls. The county was named for the Klamath, the tribe of Native Americans living in the area at the time the first European explorers entered the region. Title: Tex Willer Passage: Native Americans are portrayed in a complex way, emphasizing positive and negative aspects of their culture. The same can be said of the American authorities, like the U.S. Army, the politicians, the business-men, the sheriffs or the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Tex had a son, named "Kit" (who would become a ranger too), with a Native American woman, named "Lilyth", the daughter of a Navajo Chief (she would later die of smallpox). Later, Tex himself went on to become the Chief of the Navajo tribe.	[ "Colin Dayan", "Modern history" ]
Which archipelago is in the middle of the ocean having the county housing Goodpasture Bridge?	Caroline Islands	[]	Title: San Vincenzo al Volturno Passage: San Vincenzo al Volturno is a historic Benedictine monastery located in the territories of the Comunes of Castel San Vincenzo and Rocchetta a Volturno, in the Province of Isernia, near the source of the river Volturno in Italy. The current monastery, housing a group 8 benedictin nuns, is located to the east of the river, while the archaeological monastery of the early Middle Ages was located on the west. Title: Pacific Ocean Passage: This ocean has most of the islands in the world. There are about 25,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Micronesia, which lies north of the equator and west of the International Date Line, includes the Mariana Islands in the northwest, the Caroline Islands in the center, the Marshall Islands to the west and the islands of Kiribati in the southeast. Title: Heceta Head Passage: Heceta Head ( ) is a headland that stands above the Pacific Ocean in Lane County, Oregon, United States. The Heceta Head Light is located on its south side. Heceta Head is named after the Basque explorer under Spanish Commission, Bruno de Heceta, who explored the Pacific Northwest in the 1770s. The headland marks the end of a lower-lying stretch of the coastline to the south dominated by sand dunes; the coastline to the north is more varied. Devils Elbow is the bay south of the headland at the mouth of Cape Creek, and with the headland formed Devils Elbow State Park, which is now part of Heceta Head Lighthouse State Scenic Viewpoint. Title: Zhejiang Passage: Ningbo, Wenzhou, Taizhou and Zhoushan are important commercial ports. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge between Haiyan County and Cixi, is the longest bridge over a continuous body of sea water in the world. Title: Goodpasture Bridge Passage: The Goodpasture Bridge spans the McKenzie River near the community of Vida in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is the second longest covered bridge and one of the most photographed covered bridges in the state. The Goodpasture Bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Title: Biysky District Passage: Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population: Title: Lake District Passage: It is located entirely within the county of Cumbria, and all the land in England higher than 3,000 feet (910 m) above sea level lies within the National Park, including Scafell Pike, the highest mountain in England. It also contains the deepest and longest bodies of water in England, respectively Wast Water and Windermere. Title: Shippingsport Bridge Passage: Shippingsport Bridge has been the name of three similarly-located bridges over the Illinois River in LaSalle Township, LaSalle County, Illinois: an 1872 swing span bridge, a 1929 vertical-lift bridge nearby, and a 2003 bridge in the same location as the 1929 bridge. The third bridge still exists and carries Illinois Route 351 (IL 351). Title: Irondequoit Bay Passage: Irondequoit Bay is a large body of water located in northeastern Monroe County, New York. The bay, roughly wide and in length, is fed by Irondequoit Creek to the south and flows into Lake Ontario at its northern end. On average, the surface of Irondequoit Bay rests at above sea level and is deep at its deepest point a short distance north of the Irondequoit Bay Bridge carrying the six-lane New York State Route 104 over the bay. Title: Vilnius County Passage: Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. Title: Clear Water Bay Country Park Passage: Clear Water Bay Country Park is a rural country park located in the New Territories of eastern Hong Kong. The park is located near the beaches in Clear Water Bay. The 6.15 square kilometre park opened on 28 September 1979 with features like: Title: Khabarovsky District Passage: Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:	[ "Heceta Head", "Goodpasture Bridge", "Pacific Ocean" ]
Where are the headquarters of the company that owns the Roosevelt Hotel, in the city where Josh Griffiths lives?	Jinnah International Airport	[]	Title: Four Queens Passage: The Four Queens Hotel and Casino is located in downtown Las Vegas on the Fremont Street Experience. The 690 - room hotel and 40,000 sq ft (3,700 m) casino is owned and operated by TLC Enterprises, which acquired the property from the Elsinore Corporation in 2003. Title: Holiday Inn New Delhi Mayur Vihar NOIDA Passage: Holiday Inn New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA is a hotel in East Delhi, India, near NOIDA. It opened in 2011 alongside its sister property, Crowne Plaza New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA. The hotel is part of the InterContinental Hotels Group, an international hotel chain hotel founded in 1946. This property is owned by Eros Resorts & Hotels Limited, a Delhi-based real estate and hospitality group who also own and manage other properties in the area. The management of the hotel is delegated to hoteliers from India and abroad. Title: Gold Spike (property) Passage: Gold Spike (formerly Gold Spike Hotel & Casino) is a bar, lounge, residential building, and former boutique 112 - room, seven floor hotel. It is connected with the Oasis at the Gold Spike, a 50 - room three floor hotel located in downtown Las Vegas. It was owned by entrepreneur Tony Hsieh and his Downtown Project, having bought it from The Siegel Group; and the casino was operated by Golden Gaming. Title: China Tang Passage: China Tang is a Chinese restaurant located at 53 Park Lane in London which is owned by the Entrepreneur David Tang and was opened in 2005. It is located within the Dorchester Hotel. Nearest metro station: Hyde Park Corner. Title: Josh Griffiths (Jiu Jitsu practitioner) Passage: Josh Griffiths is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) practitioner, and an instructor of the sport in New York. Josh is currently a black belt in BJJ. His highest accomplishments to date include becoming champion of the 2011 Abu Dhabi Pro Canadian Trials, 2011 Abu Dhabi Pro New Jersey Trials, 2010 NAGA No Gi Expert Division, and 2010 Abu Dhabi Pro Canadian Trials. Title: Ispahani Hangar Passage: The Ispahani Hangar is a Pakistan International Airlines wide-body aircraft maintenance hangar at the Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, Pakistan. It was named in honour of Mirza Ahmad Ispahani, the first and longest serving chairman of Pakistan International Airlines (PIA). The hangar for wide body and narrow body aircraft with a supporting airframe overhaul shop was completed and commissioned in 1968. Title: Washington University in St. Louis Passage: Over 50% of undergraduate students live on campus. Most of the residence halls on campus are located on the South 40, named because of its adjacent location on the south side of the Danforth Campus and its size of 40 acres (160,000 m2). It is the location of all the freshman buildings as well as several upperclassman buildings, which are set up in the traditional residential college system. All of the residential halls are co-ed. The South 40 is organized as a pedestrian-friendly environment wherein residences surround a central recreational lawn known as the Swamp. Bear's Den (the largest dining hall on campus), the Habif Health and Wellness Center (Student Health Services), the Residential Life Office, University Police Headquarters, various student-owned businesses (e.g. the laundry service, Wash U Wash), and the baseball, softball, and intramural fields are also located on the South 40. Title: AKA White House Passage: AKA White House is a luxury extended stay hotel owned by Korman Communities located at 1710 H Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. The operator is AKA, the extended-stay hotel brand owned by Korman Communities. AKA White House opened in 2005. Title: The Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan) Passage: Beginning in 1979, the hotel was leased by the Pakistan International Airlines through its investment arm PIA Investments Ltd. (``PIA ''), with an option to purchase the building after 20 years. Prince Faisal bin Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of Saudi Arabia was one of the investors in the 1979 deal. In 1999, PIA exercised their option and bought the hotel for $36.5 million, after a legal battle with owner Paul Milstein, who claimed it was worth much more. In 2005, PIA bought out its Saudi partner in a deal that included the prince's share in Hôtel Scribe in Paris in exchange for $40 million and PIA's share of the Riyadh Minhal Hotel (a Holiday Inn located on property owned by the prince). PIA has since controlled 99 percent interest in the hotel, while the Saudis have only 1 percent. Title: Diplomat Resort & Spa Hollywood Passage: The Diplomat Resort & Spa, A Curio Collection by Hilton is a beachfront resort located in Hollywood, Florida (Just South of Fort Lauderdale). The hotel has a North and a South Tower that have 998 rooms and are 36 stories tall. The Diplomat has two pools, six restaurants and lounges, beachfront location and a convention center. The hotel is currently owned by Thayer Lodging Group and is operated under Hilton Worldwide Title: Love Around Passage: "Love Around" was filmed entirely on location in Taiwan. Asia FM 92.7, the radio station depicted in the drama is an actual free to air radio station in Taiwan with its headquarters and broadcasting station in Taoyuan City, Taoyuan County. The building and set used in the drama to depict the radio station is actually an office building located at 257 Xinhu 2nd Rd., Neihu District, Taipei City, which is only a few blocks from Sanlih's broadcasting headquarters in the Neihu District of Taipei. The resort that Zhou Zhen owns is the former "Leo Ocean Resort" now called "EHR Hotels & Resorts Yilan", located in Yilan County. The homes of both main lead characters are located in the newly developed area of Danshui District New Taipei City. Title: Beau-Rivage Geneva Passage: Beau-Rivage Geneva is a five-star luxury hotel, founded in 1865 by the Mayer family. It is located in Geneva, Switzerland. A lot of hotels in the world have the name "Beau-Rivage", but this hotel has remained independent since its creation and is still a family-owned business. The hotel has 90 rooms including 18 suites, 2 restaurants and a bar. It is a member of the Leading Hotels of the World.	[ "Ispahani Hangar", "The Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan)", "Josh Griffiths (Jiu Jitsu practitioner)" ]
When was the last time Jeff Paine's team went to the Superbowl?	January 11, 1970	[]	Title: Pain Passage: In 1994, responding to the need for a more useful system for describing chronic pain, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) classified pain according to specific characteristics: (1) region of the body involved (e.g. abdomen, lower limbs), (2) system whose dysfunction may be causing the pain (e.g., nervous, gastrointestinal), (3) duration and pattern of occurrence, (4) intensity and time since onset, and (5) etiology. However, this system has been criticized by Clifford J. Woolf and others as inadequate for guiding research and treatment. Woolf suggests three classes of pain : (1) nociceptive pain, (2) inflammatory pain which is associated with tissue damage and the infiltration of immune cells, and (3) pathological pain which is a disease state caused by damage to the nervous system or by its abnormal function (e.g. fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, tension type headache, etc.). Title: Los Tarcos Rugby Club Passage: The rugby union team is member of the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and one of the most successful teams in the province, having won the provincial title 12 times and having reached the final of the Nacional de Clubes once. Many Tarcos players went on to represent Argentina at international level, including Luis Molina, Marcelo Ricci, Pablo and Fernando Buabse, Sergio Bunader and Leonardo Gravano. Title: New York Jets Passage: The team was founded in 1959 as the Titans of New York, an original member of the American Football League (AFL); later, the franchise joined the NFL in the AFL -- NFL merger in 1970. The team began to play in 1960 at the Polo Grounds. Under new ownership, the current name was adopted in 1963 and the franchise moved to Shea Stadium in 1964 and then to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in 1984. The Jets advanced to the playoffs for the first time in 1968 and went on to compete in Super Bowl III where they defeated the Baltimore Colts, becoming the first AFL team to defeat an NFL club in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game. Since 1968, the Jets have appeared in the playoffs 13 times, and in the AFC Championship Game four times, most recently losing to the Pittsburgh Steelers in 2010. However, the Jets have never returned to the Super Bowl, making them one of three NFL teams to win their lone Super Bowl appearance, along with the New Orleans Saints and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Title: Abby Bishop Passage: Abby Bishop (born 29 November 1988) is an Australian professional basketball forward/center who last played for the Seattle Storm of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). In Australia, she has played for the Australian Institute of Sport from 2005–2006, the Canberra Capitals from 2006–2010, Dandenong Rangers from 2010–2011 Canberra Capitals. She is currently a member of the Adelaide Lightning (2016/2017). She is a member of the Australia women's national basketball team and won a gold medal during the 2007 Oceania World Qualifications series and a bronze medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Title: Jeff Paine Passage: Jeffrey Franklin Paine (born August 19, 1961 in Garland, Texas) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Kansas City Chiefs, the St. Louis Cardinals, and the Washington Redskins. He played college football at Texas A&M University and was drafted in the fifth round of the 1984 NFL Draft. Title: Kabaddi Passage: Kabaddi Kabaddi game Highest governing body International Kabaddi Federation Nicknames Kaudi, Pakaada, Hadudu, Bhavatik, Saadukuda, Hu - Tu - Tu, Himoshika, sadugudu Characteristics Contact Permitted Team members 7 (per side) Mixed gender Yes, separate competitions Type Team sport, Contact sport Equipment None Venue Kabaddi court Presence Country or region Indian Subcontinent tamilnadu Olympic Demonstration sport: 1936 Olympics Title: King Kobra III Passage: King Kobra III, released in 1988 on New Renaissance Records, was the first and last album by the Edwards, Michael-Phillips, Northrup, Hart and Appice line-up of King Kobra. After the demise of the original line-up, remaining members Carmine Appice and David Michael-Phillips teamed up with Johnny Edwards, Jeff Northrup and Larry Hart, all 3 members of the Sacramento, CA band Northrup at the time. Title: Kansas City Chiefs Passage: The Chiefs have won three AFL championships, in 1962, 1966, and 1969 and became the second AFL team (after the New York Jets) to defeat an NFL team in an AFL -- NFL World Championship Game, when they defeated the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl IV. The team's victory on January 11, 1970, remains the club's last championship game victory and appearance to date, and occurred in the final such competition prior to the leagues' merger coming into full effect. The Chiefs were also the second team, after the Green Bay Packers, to appear in more than one Super Bowl (and the first AFL team to do so) and the first to appear in the championship game in two different decades. Title: Irving Davis Passage: Cyril Irving Davis (December 12, 1896 – June 27, 1958) was an American soccer full back who played professionally with Philadelphia Field Club in the American Soccer League (ASL) from 1924 to 1926. He was born in Stourport-on-Severn, England. Davis was a member of the U.S. soccer team at the 1924 Summer Olympics. He went on to earn five caps with the U.S. national team in 1924 and 1925. His first game with the U.S. national team came in the U.S. victory over Estonia at the 1924 Olympics. His last game came on June 27, 1926, a 1-0 loss to Canada. He later went on to play for Fairhill F.C. Title: Fox Sports College Hoops '99 Passage: Fox Sports College Hoops '99 is a college basketball sports video game developed by Z-Axis and published by Fox Interactive under the brand name Fox Sports Interactive for the Nintendo 64. It was released in North America on October 31, 1998. Jeff Sheppard of the University of Kentucky is featured on the cover. Title: Nicolas Vallar Passage: Hiro Nicolas Vallar (born 22 October 1983) is a footballer from Papeete, Tahiti currently playing for A.S. Central Sport. He is a member of Tahiti national football team. Title: Tuvalu Passage: Football in Tuvalu is played at club and national team level. The Tuvalu national football team trains at the Tuvalu Sports Ground in Funafuti and competes in the Pacific Games. The Tuvalu National Football Association is an associate member of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) and is seeking membership in FIFA. The Tuvalu national futsal team participates in the Oceanian Futsal Championship.	[ "Jeff Paine", "Kansas City Chiefs" ]
In what year was the company that owns the publisher of Darkworld Detective formed?	2001	[]	Title: Third Girl Passage: Third Girl is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in November 1966 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company the following year. The UK edition retailed at eighteen shillings (18/-) and the US edition at $4.50. Title: KONI (FM) Passage: KONI (104.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Lanai City, Hawaii. The station is owned by Hochman Hawaii Publishing, Inc. It airs an Oldies music format. Title: Random House Passage: Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. Title: The Four False Weapons Passage: The Four False Weapons, first published in 1937, is a detective story by John Dickson Carr featuring his series detective Henri Bencolin. This novel is a mystery of the type known as a whodunnit. Title: Bantam Books Passage: Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. Title: Batman Passage: The first Batman story, "The Case of the Chemical Syndicate", was published in Detective Comics #27 (May 1939). Finger said, "Batman was originally written in the style of the pulps", and this influence was evident with Batman showing little remorse over killing or maiming criminals. Batman proved a hit character, and he received his own solo title in 1940 while continuing to star in Detective Comics. By that time, Detective Comics was the top-selling and most influential publisher in the industry; Batman and the company's other major hero, Superman, were the cornerstones of the company's success. The two characters were featured side-by-side as the stars of World's Finest Comics, which was originally titled World's Best Comics when it debuted in fall 1940. Creators including Jerry Robinson and Dick Sprang also worked on the strips during this period. Title: Mrs McGinty's Dead Passage: Mrs. McGinty's Dead is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie first published in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company in February 1952 and in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 3 March the same year. The US edition retailed at $2.50 and the UK edition nine shillings and sixpence (9/6). The Detective Book Club issued an edition, also in 1952, as Blood Will Tell. Title: Castle Skull Passage: Castle Skull, first published in 1931, is a detective story by John Dickson Carr which features Carr's series detective Henri Bencolin. This novel is a mystery of the type known as a whodunnit. Title: The State Counsellor Passage: The State Counsellor (, the 5th grade in the Table of Ranks of Imperial Russia) is the sixth novel in the Erast Fandorin historical detective series by Boris Akunin. It is subtitled "political detective mystery" (). "The State Counsellor" was originally published in Russia in 2000. The English translation was published in January 2008. Title: Somalis Passage: The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework. Thus, one can find odayal (judges), xeer boggeyaal (jurists), guurtiyaal (detectives), garxajiyaal (attorneys), murkhaatiyal (witnesses) and waranle (police officers) to enforce the law. Title: The Waxworks Murder Passage: The Waxworks Murder, first published in 1932, is a detective story by John Dickson Carr featuring his series detective Henri Bencolin of the Parisian police. This novel is a mystery of the type known as a whodunnit. Title: Darkworld Detective Passage: Darkworld Detective is a collection of science fantasy stories written by J. Michael Reaves, published as a paperback original by Bantam Books in 1982. The linked stories feature protagonist, a detective on the planet Ja-Lur. An authorized sequel, "The Black Hole of Carcosa", was written by John Shirley and published by Pocket Books in 1988.	[ "Darkworld Detective", "Bantam Books", "Random House" ]
Which region is Francis Raymond Shea's residence city located?	Knox County	[]	Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada. Title: OSF Saint Francis Medical Center Passage: OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, located in Peoria, Illinois, United States, is a teaching hospital for the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria and part of the OSF Healthcare System. The Center, which is the largest hospital in the Peoria metropolitan area and in central Illinois, is designated by the state of Illinois as the Level I adult and pediatric regional trauma center for a 26-county region in mid-Illinois. OSF Saint Francis owns the Children's Hospital of Illinois (though the Hospital has its own President), the OSF Saint Francis Heart Hospital, the Illinois Neurological Institute, and the OSF Saint Francis Medical Center College of Nursing, which are all located either in or near the Medical Center. The hospital is a clinical training hospital for many medical students, interns, residents, and fellows of the Peoria campus of the University of Illinois College of Medicine. Title: Paea Passage: Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. Title: Beauty and the Breast Passage: Beauty and the Breast () is a 2002 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Raymond Yip, and starring Francis Ng, Michelle Reis and Daniel Wu. Title: Richard Thomas Shea Passage: Richard Thomas Shea, Jr. (January 3, 1927 – July 8, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army in the Korean War. He was listed as missing in action on July 8, 1953 during the Second Battle of Pork Chop Hill, and was later declared killed in action. Lt. Shea received the Medal of Honor posthumously. In 1987, Shea was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame. Title: Francis Burt (Nebraska) Passage: Francis Burt (January 13, 1807 – October 18, 1854) was an American politician from South Carolina who served as the first Governor of Nebraska Territory. Title: Francis Raymond Shea Passage: Shea was born in Knoxville, Tennessee on December 4, 1913. He was ordained a priest on March 19, 1939 and served in a number of assignments around Tennessee over the next three decades. He was named a Monsignor in 1967. On December 1, 1969, he was appointed to the Diocese of Evansville and consecrated Bishop on February 3, 1970. Bishop Shea retired March 11, 1989 and died August 18, 1994. Title: The Last Conflict Passage: The Last Conflict is a 1988 Hong Kong action crime thriller television film produced by TVB directed by Raymond Lee and starring Donnie Yen, Adia Chan, Francis Ng, Stephen Chow, Lau Kong and Andy Tai. Title: Union territory Passage: A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Knoxville City-County Building Passage: The Knoxville City-County Building is a building at 400 Main Street in Knoxville, Tennessee that houses the offices of the city government of Knoxville and the county government of Knox County, Tennessee. It also houses the Knox County Jail. The building stands ten stories, and contains of office space. At the time it was built it was said to be the largest office building in Tennessee. Title: Bleeding Kansas Passage: Through the Missouri Compromise of 1820, Congress kept a tenuous balance of political power between North and South. In May 1854, the Kansas -- Nebraska Act, created from unorganized Indian lands and territories of Kansas and Nebraska, permitted residency by U.S. citizens, who were to determine their state's slavery status and seek admission to the Union. Immigrants supporting both sides of the question arrived in Kansas to establish residency and gain the right to vote. However, Kansas Territory officials were appointed (1854) by the pro-slavery administration of President Franklin Pierce (in office 1853 -- 1857), and thousands of non-resident pro-slavery Missourians entered Kansas with the goal of winning elections. They captured territorial elections, sometimes by fraud and intimidation. In response, Northern abolitionist elements flooded Kansas with ``free - soilers. ''Anti-slavery Kansas residents wrote the first Kansas Constitution (1855) and elected the Free State legislature in Topeka; this stood in opposition to the pro-slavery government in Lecompton. The two Territorial governments increased as well as symbolized the strife of Bleeding Kansas.	[ "Francis Raymond Shea", "Knoxville City-County Building" ]
In what year did the manufacturer of Pokémon Mini reveal the start of development on what would become Twilight Princess?	2003	[]	Title: Pokémon Puzzle League Passage: Pokémon Puzzle League is a puzzle game for the Nintendo 64 console. It is based on Nintendo's "Puzzle League" puzzle games, with Pokémon likenesses. It was released in North America starting in 2000, and in Europe. It is one of several "Pokémon" games to be based on the "Pokémon" anime, and features Ash Ketchum and other characters featured from the anime. The game was released on the Virtual Console on May 5, 2008, in the North America region, and on May 30, 2008, in the European region. Title: APS-95 Passage: The APS-95 was an assault rifle manufactured in Croatia by Končar-Arma d.o.o since 1995 and offered for export up to at least 2007 (the year when the Končar-Arma website, where the APS-95 had been featured, disappeared from the web). The manufacturing company, a subsidiary of the Croatian ARMA-GRUPA Corporation, has been manufacturing the ERO and Mini-ERO submachine guns (copies of the Israeli UZI and Mini-UZI respectively) since the mid-1990s. The manufacturer tried to push the APS-95 on the international market for several years, with no success. Title: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess Passage: In 2003, Nintendo announced that a new The Legend of Zelda game was in the works for the GameCube by the same team that had created the cel-shaded The Wind Waker. At the following year's Game Developers Conference, director Eiji Aonuma unintentionally revealed that the game's sequel was in development under the working title The Wind Waker 2; it was set to use a similar graphical style to that of its predecessor. Nintendo of America told Aonuma that North American sales of The Wind Waker were sluggish because its cartoon appearance created the impression that the game was designed for a young audience. Concerned that the sequel would have the same problem, Aonuma expressed to producer Shigeru Miyamoto that he wanted to create a realistic Zelda game that would appeal to the North American market. Miyamoto, hesitant about solely changing the game's presentation, suggested the team's focus should instead be on coming up with gameplay innovations. He advised that Aonuma should start by doing what could not be done in Ocarina of Time, particularly horseback combat.[l] Title: Pokémon Diamond and Pearl Passage: Pokémon Diamond Version and Pearl Version (ポケットモンスターダイヤモンド・パール, Poketto Monsutā Daiyamondo & Pāru, ``Pocket Monsters: Diamond & Pearl '') are role - playing games (RPGs) developed by Game Freak, published by The Pokémon Company and distributed by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS. With the enhanced remake Pokémon Platinum, the games comprise the fifth installment and fourth generation of the Pokémon series of RPGs. First released in Japan on September 28, 2006, the games were later released to North America, Australia, and Europe over the course of 2007. Title: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess Passage: Aonuma had anticipated creating a Zelda game for what would later be called the Wii, but had assumed that he would need to complete Twilight Princess first. His team began work developing a pointing-based interface for the bow and arrow, and Aonuma found that aiming directly at the screen gave the game a new feel, just like the DS control scheme for Phantom Hourglass. Aonuma felt confident this was the only way to proceed, but worried about consumers who had been anticipating a GameCube release. Developing two versions would mean delaying the previously announced 2005 release, still disappointing the consumer. Satoru Iwata felt that having both versions would satisfy users in the end, even though they would have to wait for the finished product. Aonuma then started working on both versions in parallel.[o] Title: Pokémon Channel Passage: Pokémon Channel, released in Japan as , is a 2003 video game in the "Pokémon" series for the GameCube, developed by Ambrella, published by The Pokémon Company and distributed by Nintendo. The player's goal is to help Professor Oak refine and promote his TV network through watching broadcasts with a Pikachu. The game contains elements of the adventure, digital pet, and simulation genres. The player can explore full 3D environments, have Pikachu converse with other Pokémon, and collect various items. Title: Pokémon Mini Passage: The (officially stylized as Pokémon mini) is a handheld game console that was designed and manufactured by Nintendo and themed around the "Pokémon" media franchise. It is the smallest game system with interchangeable cartridges ever produced by Nintendo, weighing just under . It was first released in North America on November 16, 2001, then in Japan on December 14, 2001, and in Europe on March 15, 2002. The systems were released in three colors: Wooper Blue, Chikorita Green, and Smoochum Purple. Title: Gastric bypass surgery Passage: The mini gastric bypass procedure was first developed by Robert Rutledge from the US in 1997, as a modification of the standard Billroth II procedure. A mini gastric bypass creates a long narrow tube of the stomach along its right border (the lesser curvature). A loop of the small gut is brought up and hooked to this tube at about 180 cm from the start of the intestine Title: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess Passage: At the time of its release, Twilight Princess was considered the greatest entry in the Zelda series by many critics, including writers for 1UP.com, Computer and Video Games, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, GamesRadar, IGN, and The Washington Post. It received several Game of the Year awards, and was the most critically acclaimed game of 2006. In 2011, the Wii version was rereleased under the Nintendo Selects label. A high-definition port for the Wii U, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, will be released in March 2016. Title: Intellivision Passage: The Intellivision is a home video game console released by Mattel Electronics in 1979. The name "Intellivision" is a portmanteau of "intelligent television". Development of the console began in 1977, the same year as the introduction of its main competitor, the Atari 2600. In 1984 Mattel sold their video game assets to a former Mattel Electronics executive and investors that would become INTV Corporation. Games development started in 1978 and continued until 1990 when the Intellivision was discontinued. From 1980 to 1983 over 3 million Intellivision units were sold. Title: Mini Passage: By March 2000, Rover was still suffering massive losses, and BMW decided to dispose of most of the companies. The sell - off was completed in May that year. MG and Rover went to Phoenix, a new British consortium; and Land Rover was sold to Ford Motor Company. BMW retained the Mini name and the planned new model, granting Rover temporary rights to the brand and allowing it to manufacture and sell the run - out model of the old Mini. By April 2000, the range consisted of four versions: the Mini Classic Seven, the Mini Classic Cooper, the Mini Classic Cooper Sport and -- for overseas European markets -- the Mini Knightsbridge. The last Mini (a red Cooper Sport) was built on 4 October 2000 and presented to the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust in December of that year. A total of 5,387,862 cars had been manufactured, nearly 1.6 million of which were sold in Britain, although the majority of these were sold at least 20 years before the Mini's demise, meaning that the majority of those sold had been scrapped before the end of the original Mini's production life. Title: Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini Passage: The Samsung Galaxy S4 Mini is an Android smartphone developed by the Korean manufacturer Samsung Electronics. Announced on May 31, 2013 and released in July 2013, the S4 Mini is a mid-range model of its flagship Galaxy S4 smartphone and a successor to the Galaxy S III Mini. It has a similar hardware design and software features to its high-end counterpart.	[ "The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess", "Pokémon Mini" ]
The organization that offered possible solutions to the Arab-Israeli conflict that was supported by Nasser recognizes how many regions in the continent of Chelyabinsk?	53 member states	[]	Title: Israel Passage: In 1966, Shmuel Yosef Agnon shared the Nobel Prize in Literature with German Jewish author Nelly Sachs. Leading Israeli poets have been Yehuda Amichai, Nathan Alterman and Rachel Bluwstein. Internationally famous contemporary Israeli novelists include Amos Oz, Etgar Keret and David Grossman. The Israeli-Arab satirist Sayed Kashua (who writes in Hebrew) is also internationally known.[citation needed] Israel has also been the home of two leading Palestinian poets and writers: Emile Habibi, whose novel The Secret Life of Saeed the Pessoptimist, and other writings, won him the Israel prize for Arabic literature; and Mahmoud Darwish, considered by many to be "the Palestinian national poet." Darwish was born and raised in northern Israel, but lived his adult life abroad after joining the Palestine Liberation Organization.[citation needed] Title: United Nations Regional Groups Passage: the African Group, with 54 member states the Asia - Pacific Group, with 53 member states the Eastern European Group, with 23 member states the Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), with 33 member states the Western European and Others Group (WEOG), with 28 member states, plus 1 member state (the United States) as an observer state. Title: Muammar Gaddafi Passage: A fundamental part of Gaddafi's ideology was anti-Zionism. He believed that the state of Israel should not exist, and that any Arab compromise with the Israeli government was a betrayal of the Arab people. In large part due to their support of Israel, Gaddafi despised the United States, considering the country to be imperialist and lambasting it as "the embodiment of evil." Rallying against Jews in many of his speeches, his anti-Semitism has been described as "almost Hitlerian" by Blundy and Lycett. From the late 1990s onward, his view seemed to become more moderate. In 2007, he advocated the Isratin single-state solution to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, stating that "the [Israel-Palestine] solution is to establish a democratic state for the Jews and the Palestinians... This is the fundamental solution, or else the Jews will be annihilated in the future, because the Palestinians have [strategic] depth." Two years later he argued that a single-state solution would "move beyond old conflicts and look to a unified future based on shared culture and respect." Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: After the war, Nasser returned to his role as an instructor at the Royal Military Academy. He sent emissaries to forge an alliance with the Muslim Brotherhood in October 1948, but soon concluded that the religious agenda of the Brotherhood was not compatible with his nationalism. From then on, Nasser prevented the Brotherhood's influence over his cadres' activities without severing ties with the organization. Nasser was sent as a member of the Egyptian delegation to Rhodes in February 1949 to negotiate a formal armistice with Israel, and reportedly considered the terms to be humiliating, particularly because the Israelis were able to easily occupy the Eilat region while negotiating with the Arabs in March. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: In June 1970, Nasser accepted the US-sponsored Rogers Plan, which called for an end to hostilities and an Israeli withdrawal from Egyptian territory, but it was rejected by Israel, the PLO, and most Arab states except Jordan. Nasser had initially rejected the plan, but conceded under pressure from the Soviet Union, which feared that escalating regional conflict could drag it into a war with the US. He also determined that a ceasefire could serve as a tactical step toward the strategic goal of recapturing the Suez Canal. Nasser forestalled any movement toward direct negotiations with Israel. In dozens of speeches and statements, Nasser posited the equation that any direct peace talks with Israel were tantamount to surrender. Following Nasser's acceptance, Israel agreed to a ceasefire and Nasser used the lull in fighting to move SAM missiles towards the canal zone. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: After the three-year transition period ended with Nasser's official assumption of power, his domestic and independent foreign policies increasingly collided with the regional interests of the UK and France. The latter condemned his strong support for Algerian independence, and the UK's Eden government was agitated by Nasser's campaign against the Baghdad Pact. In addition, Nasser's adherence to neutralism regarding the Cold War, recognition of communist China, and arms deal with the Eastern bloc alienated the United States. On 19 July 1956, the US and UK abruptly withdrew their offer to finance construction of the Aswan Dam, citing concerns that Egypt's economy would be overwhelmed by the project. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: Nasser's street following was still too small to sustain his plans for reform and to secure him in office. To promote himself and the Liberation Rally, he gave speeches in a cross-country tour, and imposed controls over the country's press by decreeing that all publications had to be approved by the party to prevent "sedition". Both Umm Kulthum and Abdel Halim Hafez, the leading Arab singers of the era, performed songs praising Nasser's nationalism. Others produced plays denigrating his political opponents. According to his associates, Nasser orchestrated the campaign himself. Arab nationalist terms such "Arab homeland" and "Arab nation" frequently began appearing in his speeches in 1954–55, whereas prior he would refer to the Arab "peoples" or the "Arab region". In January 1955, the RCC appointed him as their president, pending national elections. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: Nasser mediated discussions between the pro-Western, pro-Soviet, and neutralist conference factions over the composition of the "Final Communique" addressing colonialism in Africa and Asia and the fostering of global peace amid the Cold War between the West and the Soviet Union. At Bandung Nasser sought a proclamation for the avoidance of international defense alliances, support for the independence of Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco from French rule, support for the Palestinian right of return, and the implementation of UN resolutions regarding the Arab–Israeli conflict. He succeeded in lobbying the attendees to pass resolutions on each of these issues, notably securing the strong support of China and India. Title: Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict Passage: This conflict came from the intercommunal violence in Mandatory Palestine between Israelis and Arabs from 1920 and erupted into full - scale hostilities in the 1947 -- 48 civil war. The conflict continues to the present day on various levels. Title: Gamal Abdel Nasser Passage: Through his actions and speeches, and because he was able to symbolize the popular Arab will, Nasser inspired several nationalist revolutions in the Arab world. He defined the politics of his generation and communicated directly with the public masses of the Arab world, bypassing the various heads of states of those countries—an accomplishment not repeated by other Arab leaders. The extent of Nasser's centrality in the region made it a priority for incoming Arab nationalist heads of state to seek good relations with Egypt, in order to gain popular legitimacy from their own citizens. Title: Chelyabinsk Passage: Chelyabinsk () is a city and the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the northeast of the oblast, south of Yekaterinburg, just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, on the border of Europe and Asia. Population: Title: Israel Passage: Following the 1967 war and the "three nos" resolution of the Arab League, during the 1967–1970 War of Attrition Israel faced attacks from the Egyptians in the Sinai, and from Palestinian groups targeting Israelis in the occupied territories, in Israel proper, and around the world. Most important among the various Palestinian and Arab groups was the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), established in 1964, which initially committed itself to "armed struggle as the only way to liberate the homeland". In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Palestinian groups launched a wave of attacks against Israeli and Jewish targets around the world, including a massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The Israeli government responded with an assassination campaign against the organizers of the massacre, a bombing and a raid on the PLO headquarters in Lebanon.	[ "United Nations Regional Groups", "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "Chelyabinsk" ]
Who is in charge of the birthplace of the the singer of Let Me Tell You About the Birds and the Bees?	Annise Parker	[]	Title: Houston Passage: Houston is considered to be a politically divided city whose balance of power often sways between Republicans and Democrats. Much of the city's wealthier areas vote Republican while the city's working class and minority areas vote Democratic. According to the 2005 Houston Area Survey, 68 percent of non-Hispanic whites in Harris County are declared or favor Republicans while 89 percent of non-Hispanic blacks in the area are declared or favor Democrats. About 62 percent of Hispanics (of any race) in the area are declared or favor Democrats. The city has often been known to be the most politically diverse city in Texas, a state known for being generally conservative. As a result, the city is often a contested area in statewide elections. In 2009, Houston became the first U.S. city with a population over 1 million citizens to elect a gay mayor, by electing Annise Parker. Title: Ip Man (film) Passage: Jin Shanzhao and his men inform the Japanese soldiers of Ip's connection to the cotton mill. The Japanese charge into the cotton mill and takes Ip. Ip tells Chow to take his wife and son away for protection. Miura tells Ip that his life will be spared if he agrees to instruct the Japanese soldiers in martial arts. Ip refuses and challenges Miura to a match, which Miura accepts, both because of his love for martial arts and because refusing the challenge would be a humiliation to the Japanese. The match between Ip and Miura is held in public in Foshan's square. Sato tells Ip that his life will be spared if he lets the general win. At first, the two fighters seem equally matched, but Ip's impeccable defense, relentless and direct blows allow him to eventually overwhelm Miura, inflicting a severe beating on him. Title: Peep and the Big Wide World Passage: The Narrator (Voiced by Joan Cusack): The Narrator tells the episode's story, although the characters rarely have any interaction with her. In the episodes ``Dry Duck Part 1 ''the birds did have a short interaction with her and in`` Quack Quiets the Universe'' she and Quack interact as well. Title: The Birds and the Bees (Jewel Akens song) Passage: ``The Birds and the Bees ''was a 1964 single release by Jewel Akens with a lyric based on the`` birds and the bees'' idiom commonly referenced with regard to affording young people their introductory sex education. An international hit in 1965, ``The Birds and the Bees ''was reminiscent of such 1950s' honky tonk - style hits as`` Blueberry Hill'' by Fats Domino and ``Kansas City ''by Wilbert Harrison. Title: Eyre Bird Observatory Passage: Sandwiched between the Nullarbor Plain to the north and the Great Australian Bight to the south, it lies in one of the least populated places on the Australian continent. It was established in 1977 by Birds Australia in the disused Eyre Telegraph Station as Australia's first bird observatory, to provide a base for the study and enjoyment of the birds of the area. Title: Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future Passage: Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future is the second studio album by American indie pop duo The Bird and the Bee, released on January 27, 2009 by Blue Note Records. The album contains the two lead-off tracks from the duo's last two studio EPs: "Polite Dance Song" from "Please Clap Your Hands" and "Birthday" from "One Too Many Hearts". The tracks of the album are "What's in the Middle" and "Love Letter to Japan" is featured in the television series "Privileged" and "My Love" is featured in another series "Pretty Little Liars". Title: 100 Ways to Murder Your Wife Passage: 100 Ways to Murder Your Wife is a 1986 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Kenny Bee and starring Bee, Anita Mui, Chow Yun-fat and Joey Wong. Title: Time in Place Passage: Time in Place is the third studio album by guitarist Mike Stern, released in 1988 through Atlantic Records and reissued on September 18, 2007 through Wounded Bird Records. Title: Sang Penari Passage: Sang Penari (The Dancer) is a 2011 Indonesian film based on the trilogy of novels "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" by Ahmad Tohari and directed by Ifa Isfansyah. Starring Nyoman Oka Antara and Prisia Nasution, it tells the story of a young man and his friendship with his small village's new "ronggeng". Title: Bird migration Passage: Migratory birds may use two electromagnetic tools to find their destinations: one that is entirely innate and another that relies on experience. A young bird on its first migration flies in the correct direction according to the Earth's magnetic field, but does not know how far the journey will be. It does this through a radical pair mechanism whereby chemical reactions in special photo pigments sensitive to long wavelengths are affected by the field. Although this only works during daylight hours, it does not use the position of the sun in any way. At this stage the bird is in the position of a boy scout with a compass but no map, until it grows accustomed to the journey and can put its other capabilities to use. With experience it learns various landmarks and this "mapping" is done by magnetites in the trigeminal system, which tell the bird how strong the field is. Because birds migrate between northern and southern regions, the magnetic field strengths at different latitudes let it interpret the radical pair mechanism more accurately and let it know when it has reached its destination. There is a neural connection between the eye and "Cluster N", the part of the forebrain that is active during migrational orientation, suggesting that birds may actually be able to see the magnetic field of the earth. Title: Lèvres de Sang Passage: Lèvres de Sang (English title: "Lips of Blood") is a 1975 French horror film directed by Jean Rollin. The film tells the story of a man who begins to have visions of a young woman dressed in white who is locked behind the gates of a château. The director was "forced" to shot the hardcore version as well under the title "Suce Moi Vampire". Title: Jewel Akens Passage: Jewel Eugene Akens (September 12, 1933, Houston, Texas – March 1, 2013, Inglewood, California) was an American singer and record producer.	[ "The Birds and the Bees (Jewel Akens song)", "Houston", "Jewel Akens" ]
What is the genre of the record label of the I Need to Wake Up performer?	jaz	[]	Title: Top and Bottom Brass Passage: Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: African Venus Passage: African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label. Title: The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album) Passage: The Antidote is the debut album by English jazz guitarist Ronny Jordan, that was released by Island Records in 1992. Title: Really Big! Passage: Really Big! is the second album by saxophonist Jimmy Heath featuring big band performances recorded in 1960 and originally released on the Riverside label. Title: I Need to Wake Up Passage: "I Need to Wake Up" is a song by Melissa Etheridge, written for the 2006 documentary film, "An Inconvenient Truth". It is the first instance of a documentary film winning the Best Song category, beating three songs nominated from the musical film "Dreamgirls" and one from the Pixar animated film "Cars". Title: ECM Records Passage: ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the Most Beautiful Sound Next to Silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in "Coda", a Canadian jazz magazine. Title: Antoine Marchand Passage: Antoine Marchand is a record label established in 2003 by the Dutch early music performer Ton Koopman. Antoine Marchand is the French translation of Ton Koopman. The label is distributed by Dutch Jazz and classics distributor Challenge. Title: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled Passage: Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled is a 2005 compilation album by Melissa Etheridge, released by Island Records. It featured 17 tracks from her then-17-year career, five of which were newly recorded. Eight of the other 12 tracks were specially remixed for this compilation. Title: A Horse with No Name Passage: ``A Horse with No Name ''Single by America from the album America B - side`` Everyone I Meet Is from California'' ``Sandman ''Released January 12, 1972 Format 7 - inch single Recorded 1971 Studio Morgan Studios, London Genre Folk rock Length 4: 08 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Dewey Bunnell Producer (s) Ian Samwell America singles chronology`` A Horse with No Name'' (1972) ``I Need You ''(1972) Audio sample file help Title: Jamal Plays Jamal Passage: Jamal Plays Jamal is an album by American jazz pianist Ahmad Jamal featuring performances recorded in 1974 and released on the 20th Century label. Title: Post-punk Passage: Post-punk is a heterogeneous type of rock music that emerged in the wake of the punk movement of the 1970s. Drawing inspiration from elements of punk rock while departing from its musical conventions and wider cultural affiliations, post-punk music was marked by varied, experimentalist sensibilities and its "conceptual assault" on rock tradition. Artists embraced electronic music, black dance styles and the avant-garde, as well as novel recording technology and production techniques. The movement also saw the frequent intersection of music with art and politics, as artists liberally drew on sources such as critical theory, cinema, performance art and modernist literature. Accompanying these musical developments were subcultures that produced visual art, multimedia performances, independent record labels and fanzines in conjunction with the music. Title: House music Passage: It was during this decade that vocal house became firmly established, both in the underground and as part of the pop market, and labels such as Defected Records, Roule and Om were at the forefront of championing the emerging sound. In the mid-2000s, fusion genres such as electro house and fidget house emerged.[citation needed] This fusion is apparent in the crossover of musical styles by artists such as Dennis Ferrer and Booka Shade, with the former's production style having evolved from the New York soulful house scene and the latter's roots in techno.	[ "I Need to Wake Up", "The Antidote (Ronny Jordan album)", "Greatest Hits: The Road Less Traveled" ]
The city hosting the 2022 Olympics fell on what date?	June 6	[]	Title: List of Olympic Games host cities Passage: In 2022, Beijing will become the only city that has held both the summer and the winter Olympic Games. Nine cities will have hosted the Olympic Games more than once: Athens (1896 and 2004 Summer Olympics), Paris (1900, 1924 and 2024 Summer Olympics), London (1908, 1948 and 2012 Summer Olympics), St. Moritz (1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics), Lake Placid (1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics), Los Angeles (1932, 1984 and 2028 Summer Olympics), Innsbruck (1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics), Tokyo (1964 and 2020 Summer Olympics) and Beijing (2008 Summer Olympics and 2022 Winter Olympics). In addition, Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics. London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics. Paris will become the second city to do this with the 2024 Summer Olympics, followed by Los Angeles as the third in 2028. The United States has hosted a total of eight Olympic Games, more than any other country, followed by France with five editions. Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom have each hosted three Games. Title: 2010 Winter Olympics Passage: Approximately 2,600 athletes from 82 nations participated in 86 events in fifteen disciplines. Both the Olympic and Paralympic Games were organized by the Vancouver Organizing Committee (VANOC), headed by John Furlong. The 2010 Winter Olympics were the third Olympics hosted by Canada and the first by the province of British Columbia. Canada hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Alberta. Metro Vancouver is the largest metropolitan area to host the Winter Olympics, although Calgary is the largest city to host the Winter Olympics. They will both be surpassed by Beijing in 2022. Title: 2022 Winter Olympics Passage: The 2022 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIV Olympic Winter Games (French: Les XXIV Jeux olympiques d'hiver; Chinese: 第二十四届冬季奥林匹克运动会; pinyin: Dì Èrshísì Jiè Dōngjì Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì), and commonly known as Beijing 2022, is an international winter multi-sport event that will take place in Beijing and towns in the neighboring Hebei province, People's Republic of China, from 4 to 20 February 2022. Title: Equestrian at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Individual jumping Passage: The individual jumping was an equestrian event held as part of the Equestrian at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event, which had first been held at the 1900 Summer Olympics. Title: 2018 Winter Olympics Passage: The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (Korean: 제 23 회동계올림픽, translit. Jeisipsamhoe Donggye Ollimpik) and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, was a major multi-sport event held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on 8 February 2018, the eve of the opening ceremony. Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This marks the first time South Korea has hosted the Winter Olympics, and the second time the Olympic games have been held in the country, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It also marks the third time East Asia has hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo, Japan (1972), and Nagano, Japan (1998), and the sixth overall Olympic Games held in East Asia. It was the first of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, preceding Tokyo 2020 (Summer) and Beijing 2022 (Winter). Title: 2022 FIFA World Cup Passage: 2022 FIFA World Cup كأس العالم لكرة القدم 2022 Kaʾs al - ʿālam li - kurrat al - qadam 2022 Qatar 2022 Bid logo Tournament details Host country Qatar Dates 21 November -- 18 December Teams 32 (from 5 or 6 confederations) Venue (s) 8 or 12 (in 5 or 8 host cities) ← 2018 2026 → Title: China at the Olympics Passage: Games Host city Dates Nations Participants Events 2008 Summer Olympics Beijing 8 -- 24 August 204 10,942 302 2022 Winter Olympics Beijing 4 -- 20 February Title: 2008 Summer Olympics Passage: Seven years after the 2008 Games, Beijing was awarded the 2022 Winter Olympics. It will thus be the first city to host both the Summer and Winter Games. Title: Qing dynasty Passage: The newly allied armies captured Beijing on June 6. The Shunzhi Emperor was invested as the "Son of Heaven" on October 30. The Manchus, who had positioned themselves as political heir to the Ming emperor by defeating the rebel Li Zicheng, completed the symbolic transition by holding a formal funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor. However the process of conquering the rest of China took another seventeen years of battling Ming loyalists, pretenders and rebels. The last Ming pretender, Prince Gui, sought refuge with the King of Burma, but was turned over to a Qing expeditionary army commanded by Wu Sangui, who had him brought back to Yunnan province and executed in early 1662. Title: List of Olympic Games host cities Passage: This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually -- but not always -- celebrated a four - year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 28 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 cities, and 23 Winter Olympic Games held in 20 cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Tokyo / Helsinki (summer) and Sapporo / Garmisch - Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. However, in 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games. Four cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics, Paris for the 2024 Summer Olympics, and Los Angeles for the 2028 Summer Olympics. Title: Winter Olympic Games Passage: The Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by eleven different countries. The Games have been held in the United States four times (1932, 1960, 1980, 2002); in France three times (1924, 1968, 1992); and in Austria (1964, 1976), Canada (1988, 2010), Japan (1972, 1998), Italy (1956, 2006), Norway (1952, 1994), and Switzerland (1928, 1948) twice. Also, the Games have been held in Germany (1936), Yugoslavia (1984), and Russia (2014) once. The IOC has selected Pyeongchang, South Korea, to host the 2018 Winter Olympics and Beijing, China, to host the 2022 Winter Olympics. As of 2017 no city in the southern hemisphere had applied to host the cold - weather - dependent Winter Olympics, which are held in February at the height of the southern hemisphere summer. Title: List of Olympic Games host cities Passage: The Games have primarily been hosted in the continents of Europe (32 editions) and North America (12 editions); seven Games have been hosted in Asia and two have been hosted in Oceania. In 2010, Singapore became Southeast Asia's first Olympic host city for the inaugural Summer Youth Olympics, while Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city with the 2016 Summer Olympics, followed by Buenos Aires with the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics. The 2022 Summer Youth Olympics in Dakar will become the first - ever Games to be held on the African continent. Other major geographic regions which have never hosted the Olympics include the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, Central America and the Caribbean.	[ "Qing dynasty", "2022 Winter Olympics" ]
There is growing interest in what indigenous group from the place where Caviana is located?	lowland South American	[]	Title: Caviana Passage: Caviana, the Ilha Caviana, is a large island lying off the north coast of Ilha de Marajó in the delta lowlands at the mouth of the Amazon in the state of Pará, Brazil. The island forms part of the low-lying "marajó várzea", the inundated land in and around the mouth of the Amazon River. The island is an excellent place to observe the tidal bore called the "pororoca", where the Amazon river waters meet the incoming Atlantic tides and form a standing wave, and is a birdwatchers' haven. Title: Amazon rainforest Passage: As indigenous territories continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide, such as in the Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities continue to disappear, while others, like the Urarina continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American peoples has gained increased attention, as have ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts. Title: Linné (crater) Passage: Linné is a small lunar impact crater located in the western Mare Serenitatis. It was named after Swedish botanist Carl von Linné. The mare around this feature is virtually devoid of other features of interest. The nearest named crater is Banting to the east-southeast. Title: Living Black Passage: Living Black is a current affairs program aired on SBS, Australia, addressed primarily to the interests of Australia's indigenous community. Karla Grant has been executive producer of this program which she has developed since 2002. She has also been fronting the show since 2004. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: In recent years, there has been a rise of indigenous movements in the Americas (mainly South America). These are rights-driven groups that organize themselves in order to achieve some sort of self-determination and the preservation of their culture for their peoples. Organizations like the Coordinator of Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin and the Indian Council of South America are examples of movements that are breaking the barrier of borders in order to obtain rights for Amazonian indigenous populations everywhere. Similar movements for indigenous rights can also be seen in Canada and the United States, with movements like the International Indian Treaty Council and the accession of native Indian group into the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. Title: Chihuahua (state) Passage: The last census in Mexico that asked for an individual's race, which was taken in 1921, indicated that 50.09% of the population identified as Mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European descent). The second-largest group was whites at 36.33% of the population. The third-largest group was the "pure indigenous" population, constituting 12.76% of the population. The remaining 0.82% of the population of Chihuahua was considered "other", i.e., neither Mestizo, indigenous, nor white. The most important indigenous tribes of the state of Chihuahua are: Title: Hydraotes Chaos Passage: Hydraotes Chaos is a broken-up region in the Oxia Palus quadrangle of Mars, located at 0.8° North and 35.4° West. It is 417.5 km across and was named after a classical albedo feature name. More information and more examples of chaos regions can be found at Martian chaos terrain. The area contains small conical edifices, called Hydraotes Colles, which were interpreted as the Martian equivalent of terrestrial cinder cones formed by volcanic activity. Title: Royal Society Range Passage: The Royal Society Range () is a majestic mountain range in Victoria Land, Antarctica. With its summit at , the massive Mount Lister forms the highest point in this range. Mount Lister is located along the western shore of McMurdo Sound between the Koettlitz, Skelton and Ferrar glaciers. Other notable local terrain features include Allison Glacier, which descends from the west slopes of the Royal Society Range into Skelton Glacier. Title: Jimmie Angel Passage: The passengers were unharmed but had to trek across difficult terrain and with low food supplies for 11 days to make their way off the tepui and down to the nearest settlement at Kamarata. When word got out of their exploits, international interest in the Gran Sabana region increased dramatically, leading to in-depth scientific exploration in the following years. Title: Atlantis Chaos Passage: Atlantis Chaos is a region of chaos terrain in the Phaethontis quadrangle of Mars. It is located around 34.7° south latitude, and 177.6° west longitude. It is encompassed by the Atlantis basin. The region is across, and was named after an albedo feature at 30° S, 173° W. Title: Togo Passage: Togo is a tropical, sub-Saharan nation, whose economy depends highly on agriculture, with a climate that provides good growing seasons. While the official language is French, many other languages are spoken in Togo, particularly those of the Gbe family. The largest religious group in Togo consists of those with indigenous beliefs, and there are significant Christian and Muslim minorities. Togo is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, Francophonie, and Economic Community of West African States. Title: Indigenous peoples of the Americas Passage: However, since the 20th century, indigenous peoples in the Americas have been more vocal about the ways they wish to be referred to, pressing for the elimination of terms widely considered to be obsolete, inaccurate, or racist. During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Indian rights movement, the United States government responded by proposing the use of the term "Native American," to recognize the primacy of indigenous peoples' tenure in the nation, but this term was not fully accepted. Other naming conventions have been proposed and used, but none are accepted by all indigenous groups.	[ "Caviana", "Amazon rainforest" ]
When was the country's police force established where a stringed agent is to a lion of the country where the person who paid for Chopin's funeral invited Chopin?	1822	[]	Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: The British Library notes that "Chopin's works have been recorded by all the great pianists of the recording era." The earliest recording was an 1895 performance by Paul Pabst of the Nocturne in E major Op. 62 No. 2. The British Library site makes available a number of historic recordings, including some by Alfred Cortot, Ignaz Friedman, Vladimir Horowitz, Benno Moiseiwitsch, Paderewski, Arthur Rubinstein, Xaver Scharwenka and many others. A select discography of recordings of Chopin works by pianists representing the various pedagogic traditions stemming from Chopin is given by Methuen-Campbell in his work tracing the lineage and character of those traditions. Title: Monarchy of the United Kingdom Passage: The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom are "Quarterly, I and IV Gules three lions passant guardant in pale Or [for England]; II Or a lion rampant within a double tressure flory-counter-flory Gules [for Scotland]; III Azure a harp Or stringed Argent [for Ireland]". The supporters are the Lion and the Unicorn; the motto is "Dieu et mon droit" (French: "God and my Right"). Surrounding the shield is a representation of a Garter bearing the motto of the Chivalric order of the same name; "Honi soit qui mal y pense". (Old French: "Shame be to him who thinks evil of it"). In Scotland, the monarch uses an alternative form of the arms in which quarters I and IV represent Scotland, II England, and III Ireland. The mottoes are "In Defens" (an abbreviated form of the Scots "In My Defens God Me Defend") and the motto of the Order of the Thistle; "Nemo me impune lacessit". (Latin: "No-one provokes me with impunity"); the supporters are the unicorn and lion, who support both the escutcheon and lances, from which fly the flags of Scotland and England. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his "one worthy successor" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin's tombstone, featuring the muse of music, Euterpe, weeping over a broken lyre, was designed and sculpted by Clésinger. The expenses of the funeral and monument, amounting to 5,000 francs, were covered by Jane Stirling, who also paid for the return of the composer's sister Ludwika to Warsaw. Ludwika took Chopin's heart in an urn, preserved in alcohol, back to Poland in 1850.[n 9] She also took a collection of two hundred letters from Sand to Chopin; after 1851 these were returned to Sand, who seems to have destroyed them. Title: Police Passage: Meanwhile, the authorities in Glasgow, Scotland successfully petitioned the government to pass the Glasgow Police Act establishing the City of Glasgow Police in 1800. Other Scottish towns soon followed suit and set up their own police forces through acts of parliament. In Ireland, the Irish Constabulary Act of 1822 marked the beginning of the Royal Irish Constabulary. The Act established a force in each barony with chief constables and inspectors general under the control of the civil administration at Dublin Castle. By 1841 this force numbered over 8,600 men. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Jones comments that "Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned." He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy and aristocratic who paid what Chopin asked for their lessons"—and these factors, as well as his musical genius, also fuelled his contemporary and later reputation. While his illness and his love-affairs conform to some of the stereotypes of romanticism, the rarity of his public recitals (as opposed to performances at fashionable Paris soirées) led Arthur Hutchings to suggest that "his lack of Byronic flamboyance [and] his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional" among his romantic contemporaries, such as Liszt and Henri Herz. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Chopin also endowed popular dance forms with a greater range of melody and expression. Chopin's mazurkas, while originating in the traditional Polish dance (the mazurek), differed from the traditional variety in that they were written for the concert hall rather than the dance hall; "it was Chopin who put the mazurka on the European musical map." The series of seven polonaises published in his lifetime (another nine were published posthumously), beginning with the Op. 26 pair (published 1836), set a new standard for music in the form. His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In late summer he was invited by Jane Stirling to visit Scotland, where he stayed at Calder House near Edinburgh and at Johnstone Castle in Renfrewshire, both owned by members of Stirling's family. She clearly had a notion of going beyond mere friendship, and Chopin was obliged to make it clear to her that this could not be so. He wrote at this time to Grzymała "My Scottish ladies are kind, but such bores", and responding to a rumour about his involvement, answered that he was "closer to the grave than the nuptial bed." He gave a public concert in Glasgow on 27 September, and another in Edinburgh, at the Hopetoun Rooms on Queen Street (now Erskine House) on 4 October. In late October 1848, while staying at 10 Warriston Crescent in Edinburgh with the Polish physician Adam Łyszczyński, he wrote out his last will and testament—"a kind of disposition to be made of my stuff in the future, if I should drop dead somewhere", he wrote to Grzymała. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a "nationalist" or "patriotic" composer. George Golos refers to earlier "nationalist" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from "urbanised" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin "felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: Two Polish friends in Paris were also to play important roles in Chopin's life there. His fellow student at the Warsaw Conservatory, Julian Fontana, had originally tried unsuccessfully to establish himself in England; Albert Grzymała, who in Paris became a wealthy financier and society figure, often acted as Chopin's adviser and "gradually began to fill the role of elder brother in [his] life." Fontana was to become, in the words of Michałowski and Samson, Chopin's "general factotum and copyist". Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that "Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November 1830 rising], their appeal to us artists is even stronger ... If the mighty autocrat in the north [i.e. Nicholas I of Russia] could know that in Chopin's works, in the simple strains of his mazurkas, there lurks a dangerous enemy, he would place a ban on his music. Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!" The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin "must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation."	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Police", "Monarchy of the United Kingdom" ]
In what season what the performer of Truly a guest judge on American Idol?	season two	[]	Title: Aubrey Cleland Passage: Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of "American Idol". Title: Pia Toscano Passage: Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of "American Idol". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in "American Idol" history. Title: American Idol Passage: The show had originally planned on having four judges following the Pop Idol format; however, only three judges had been found by the time of the audition round in the first season, namely Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen but he dropped out citing "image concerns". In the second season, New York radio personality Angie Martinez had been hired as a fourth judge but withdrew only after a few days of auditions due to not being comfortable with giving out criticism. The show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight. All three original judges stayed on the judging panel for eight seasons. Title: American Idol Passage: Guest judges may occasionally be introduced. In season two, guest judges such as Lionel Richie and Robin Gibb were used, and in season three Donna Summer, Quentin Tarantino and some of the mentors also joined as judges to critique the performances in the final rounds. Guest judges were used in the audition rounds for seasons four, six, nine, and fourteen such as Gene Simmons and LL Cool J in season four, Jewel and Olivia Newton-John in season six, Shania Twain in season eight, Neil Patrick Harris, Avril Lavigne and Katy Perry in season nine, and season eight runner-up, Adam Lambert, in season fourteen. Title: American Idol Passage: The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show. Title: American Idol Passage: American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season. Title: American Idol Passage: With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten. Title: America's Got Talent (season 10) Passage: Dunkin 'Donuts replaced Snapple as sponsor of the show after three seasons. Four guest judges were invited to judge during the judge's cuts round: actor Neil Patrick Harris, singer Michael Bublé, actor Marlon Wayans and former judge Piers Morgan. This was the first season to have an all - male finale and the first where at least four magicians competed in the finals. Ventriloquist Paul Zerdin was voted the winner for the season on September 16, 2015. Comedian Drew Lynch was the runner - up, and magician Oz Pearlman came in at third place. Piff the Magic Dragon was named the most memorable act this season, or the fan favorite. Title: American Idol (season 16) Passage: The sixteenth season of American Idol premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was runner - up. Poppe was the first female winner since Candice Glover in season twelve. Title: American Idol Passage: The wildcard round returned in season eight, wherein there were three groups of twelve, with three contestants moving forward – the highest male, the highest female, and the next highest-placed singer - for each night, and four wildcards were chosen by the judges to produce a final 13. Starting season ten, the girls and boys perform on separate nights. In seasons ten and eleven, five of each gender were chosen, and three wildcards were chosen by the judges to form a final 13. In season twelve, the top twenty semifinalists were split into gender groups, with five of each gender advancing to form the final 10. In season thirteen, there were thirty semifinalists, but only twenty semifinalists (ten for each gender) were chosen by the judges to perform on the live shows, with five in each gender and three wildcards chosen by the judges composing the final 13. Title: Paula Lima Passage: Paula Lima (born October 10, 1970 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian singer and composer whose music is influenced by bossa, percussion, samba, Brazilian soul international funk and one of judges of Brazilian Idol, Ídolos Brazil (Season 3 and Season 4). Title: Truly (song) Passage: "Truly" is the title of the debut solo single by singer-songwriter Lionel Richie. Resuming where he left off with D-flat major tunes "Sail On" and particularly "Still" when he was lead for the Commodores, Richie wrote the song and co-produced it with James Anthony Carmichael.	[ "Truly (song)", "American Idol" ]
Who is the spouse of the performer of Moonlight Sinatra?	Barbara Marx	[]	Title: Smoke Gets in Your Eyes Passage: ``Smoke Gets in Your Eyes ''is a show tune written by American composer Jerome Kern and lyricist Otto Harbach for their 1933 musical Roberta. The song was sung in the original Broadway show by Tamara Drasin. Its first recorded performance was by Gertrude Niesen, who recorded the song with orchestral direction from Ray Sinatra, Frank Sinatra's second cousin, on October 13, 1933. Niesen's recording of the song was released by Victor, catalog # VE B 24454, with the B - side,`` Jealousy'', featuring Isham Jones and his Orchestra. Title: Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn Passage: Sinatra Sings the Songs of Van Heusen & Cahn is a 1991 compilation album by Frank Sinatra. It comprises his renditions of Jimmy Van Heusen and Sammy Cahn. Title: The Night We Called It a Day (film) Passage: The Night We Called It a Day, also known as All the Way, is a 2003 Australian-American comedy drama film directed by Paul Goldman and starring Dennis Hopper as Frank Sinatra and Melanie Griffith as Barbara Marx. It also features Portia de Rossi, Joel Edgerton, Rose Byrne and David Hemmings. The movie is based on the true events surrounding Sinatra's 1974 tour in Australia. When the singer calls a local reporter (de Rossi) a "two-bit hooker", every union in the country black-bans the star until he issues an apology. Title: You Only Live Twice (song) Passage: ``You Only Live Twice '', performed by Nancy Sinatra, is the theme song to the 1967 James Bond film of the same name. Music was composed and produced by veteran James Bond composer John Barry, with lyrics by Leslie Bricusse. The song is widely recognized for its striking opening bars, featuring a simple 2 - bar theme in the high octaves of the violins and lush harmonies from French horns. It is considered by some to be among the best James Bond theme songs, and has become one of Nancy Sinatra's best known hits. Shortly after Barry's production, Sinatra's producer Lee Hazlewood released a more guitar - based single version. Title: Casino Miami Passage: Casino Miami (formerly known as Miami Jai-Alai Fronton) is a 6,500-capacity indoor arena and casino located at 3500 NW 37th Avenue in Miami, Florida. It is primarily used for gambling, jai alai and concerts. Notable past performers include The Allman Brothers Band, Black Sabbath, Bruce Springsteen, Frank Sinatra and Grateful Dead. Title: Moonlight Shadow Passage: ``Moonlight Shadow ''is a song written and performed by English multi-instrumentalist Mike Oldfield, released as a single in May 1983 by Virgin Records, and included in the album Crises of the same year. The vocals were performed by Scottish vocalist Maggie Reilly, who had collaborated with Mike Oldfield since 1980. It is Oldfield's most successful single, reaching number one on a number of charts around Europe. Title: My Way Passage: ``My Way ''is a song popularized in 1969 by Frank Sinatra. Its lyrics were written by Paul Anka and set to the music of the French song`` Comme d'habitude'' co-composed and co-written (with Jacques Revaux), and performed in 1967 by Claude François. Anka's English lyrics are unrelated to the original French song. The song was a success for a variety of performers including Sinatra, Elvis Presley, and the Sex Pistols. Sinatra's version of ``My Way ''spent 75 weeks in the UK Top 40, a record which still stands. Title: Frank Sinatra Passage: Francis Albert Sinatra (/ sɪˈnɑːtrə /; Italian: (siˈnaːtra); December 12, 1915 -- May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century. He is one of the best - selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150 million records worldwide. Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey. Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the ``bobby soxers ''. He released his debut album, The Voice of Frank Sinatra, in 1946. Sinatra's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s, and he turned to Las Vegas, where he became one of its best known performers as part of the Rat Pack. His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity, with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor. Sinatra released several critically lauded albums, including In the Wee Small Hours (1955), Songs for Swingin 'Lovers! (1956), Come Fly with Me (1958), Only the Lonely (1958) and Nice' n 'Easy (1960). Title: Serious Moonlight Tour Passage: The Serious Moonlight Tour was launched in May 1983 in support of David Bowie's album "Let's Dance" (1983). The tour opened at the Vorst Forest Nationaal, Brussels, on 18 May 1983 and ended in the Hong Kong Coliseum on 8 December 1983; 15 countries visited, 96 performances, and over 2.6M tickets sold. The tour garnered mostly favorable reviews from the press. Title: Dancing in the Moonlight Passage: ``Dancing in the Moonlight ''is a song by the French - American rock group King Harvest that was released as a single in 1972 and reached # 13 on the Billboard Hot 100. The band released other singles, but they were never able to match the success of`` Dancing in the Moonlight''. The track used a Wurlitzer electric piano throughout. Decades after its original release, a cover by Toploader became a Platinum hit (selling over 600,000 copies). Title: Watertown (album) Passage: Watertown is a studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra. It was released in March 1970 through Reprise Records. "Watertown" is a concept album centered on a man from Watertown, New York. In a series of soliloquies, the nameless narrator tells his heartbreaking story of personal loss: his wife has left him and their two boys for the lure of the big city. "Watertown" was produced and co-written by Bob Gaudio, one of four members of the rock band the Four Seasons. The songs were co-written by Jake Holmes. It is the only album Sinatra ever voiced over pre-recorded orchestral tracks. The album was released to mixed critical reviews and poor sales, Sinatra's only major album release not to crack the Billboard Top 100; the packaging was uncharacteristic of typical Sinatra album designs. Title: Moonlight Sinatra Passage: Moonlight Sinatra is a studio album by Frank Sinatra, released in March 1966. All of the tracks on the album are centered on the Moon, and were arranged and conducted by Nelson Riddle and his orchestra.	[ "The Night We Called It a Day (film)", "Moonlight Sinatra" ]
What country did Britain convince to attack the nation where the story which is the basis for Ever After takes place?	Israeli	[]	Title: The Romance of Tarzan Passage: The Romance of Tarzan is a 1918 American silent action adventure film directed by Wilfred Lucas starring Elmo Lincoln, Enid Markey, Thomas Jefferson, and Cleo Madison. The movie was the second Tarzan movie ever made, and is based on Edgar Rice Burroughs' original novel "Tarzan of the Apes". It adapts only the second part of the novel, the earlier portion having been the basis for the preceding film "Tarzan of the Apes" (1918). Less popular than its predecessor due to much of the action taking place in the wild west rather than Africa, the film has not been preserved, and no prints of it are known to survive today. Title: Ever After Passage: Ever After (known in promotional material as Ever After: A Cinderella Story) is a 1998 American romantic drama film inspired by the fairy tale "Cinderella". It was directed by Andy Tennant and stars Drew Barrymore, Anjelica Huston, Dougray Scott, and Jeanne Moreau. The screenplay is written by Tennant, Susannah Grant, and Rick Parks. The original music score is composed by George Fenton. The film's closing theme song "Put Your Arms Around Me" is performed by the rock band Texas. Title: Holly Holliday Passage: Holly Holliday is a recurring fictional character from the Fox musical comedy-drama series "Glee". Portrayed by actress Gwyneth Paltrow, the character appeared in three episodes during the show's second season, and two episodes during the fifth season, and was Paltrow's first-ever role in a scripted television show. Holly was developed by "Glee" co-creator Ryan Murphy, a personal friend of Paltrow's, who suggested that she showcase her vocal and dancing abilities ahead of the release of her film "Country Strong", in which she played a country singer. Introduced as a substitute teacher who takes the place of glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) while he is ill, she forms a romantic bond with Will, but decides to break up with him and takes a teaching job in another town after realizing that he is still in love with Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays). Title: The Storm (short story) Passage: ``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''. Title: A Dubious Legacy Passage: A Dubious Legacy (1992) is a novel written by the British author Mary Wesley. The story takes place in the West Country, England, from 1944 to 1990. It concerns the tragic and bizarre marriage of the Tillotsons and their relationship with two young couples who keep visiting them throughout the years. Title: British Empire Passage: In July 1956, Nasser unilaterally nationalised the Suez Canal. The response of Anthony Eden, who had succeeded Churchill as Prime Minister, was to collude with France to engineer an Israeli attack on Egypt that would give Britain and France an excuse to intervene militarily and retake the canal. Eden infuriated US President Dwight D. Eisenhower, by his lack of consultation, and Eisenhower refused to back the invasion. Another of Eisenhower's concerns was the possibility of a wider war with the Soviet Union after it threatened to intervene on the Egyptian side. Eisenhower applied financial leverage by threatening to sell US reserves of the British pound and thereby precipitate a collapse of the British currency. Though the invasion force was militarily successful in its objectives, UN intervention and US pressure forced Britain into a humiliating withdrawal of its forces, and Eden resigned. Title: Three Faces East (1926 film) Passage: Three Faces East is a 1926 silent film directed by Rupert Julian and starring Jetta Goudal and Clive Brook. It is based on a popular Broadway play about spies during World War I. It was refilmed in sound in 1930. The story's action takes place in France and Britain. Title: Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact Passage: The Soviets also helped Germany to avoid British naval blockades by providing a submarine base, Basis Nord, in the northern Soviet Union near Murmansk. This also provided a refueling and maintenance location, and a takeoff point for raids and attacks on shipping. In addition, the Soviets provided Germany with access to the Northern Sea Route for both cargo ships and raiders (though only the commerce raider Komet used the route before the German invasion), which forced Britain to protect sea lanes in both the Atlantic and the Pacific. Title: The Blitz Passage: In 1941, the Luftwaffe shifted strategy again. Erich Raeder—commander-in-chief of the Kriegsmarine—had long argued the Luftwaffe should support the German submarine force (U-Bootwaffe) in the Battle of the Atlantic by attacking shipping in the Atlantic Ocean and attacking British ports. Eventually, he convinced Hitler of the need to attack British port facilities. Hitler had been convinced by Raeder that this was the right course of action due to the high success rates of the U-Boat force during this period of the war. Hitler correctly noted that the greatest damage to the British war economy had been done through submarines and air attacks by small numbers of Focke-Wulf Fw 200 naval aircraft. He ordered attacks to be carried out on those targets which were also the target of the Kriegsmarine. This meant that British coastal centres and shipping at sea west of Ireland were the prime targets. Title: Åndalsnes landings Passage: The Åndalsnes landings took place in Åndalsnes in Romsdal, Norway in 1940 during the Norwegian Campaign of World War II when, after the German invasion of Norway in April 1940, British troops landed in Åndalsnes as part of a pincer movement to take mid-Norwegian city Trondheim. The northern arm of the attack was based in Namsos. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. Title: Cinderella Passage: The oldest known version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means ``Rosy - Cheeks ''. The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), probably written around 7 BC or thereabouts:	[ "Cinderella", "Ever After", "British Empire" ]
When did the torch visit the place where the National Physical Laboratory is located in India?	April 17	[]	Title: National Physical Laboratory of India Passage: The National Physical Laboratory of India, situated in New Delhi, is the measurement standards laboratory of India. It maintains standards of SI units in India and calibrates the national standards of weights and measures. Title: Franco Bassani Passage: Franco Bassani graduated cum laude in physics from the University of Pavia in November 1952. After two years as a researcher at the Italian National Research Council in Milan (with Professors Piero Caldirola and Fausto Fumi), he moved to the United States, where until 1956 he worked with Frederick Seitz at the University of Illinois. On his return to Italy he served as Adjunct Professor at the Department of Physics, University of Palermo (1956–1957) and Pavia (1957–1959). Five years as an Associate Physicist at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois marked a second American parentheses. Subsequently, he served as Professor of Theoretical Physics of the University of Messina (1964–1966) and Pisa (1966–1969), and professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Rome until 1980. In that period he was Invited Professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (1972–1973) and at the University of Illinois, Urbana (1979–1980). Title: Kimballton, Virginia Passage: Kimballton is an unincorporated community in Giles County, Virginia, United States. Kimballton is located on Stony Creek, northeast of Pearisburg. Virginia Tech's Kimballton Underground Research Facility, a low-background physics laboratory, is located in a limestone mine in Kimballton. Title: Marcela Carena Passage: Marcela Carena (born March 22, 1962 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and a professor at the University of Chicago and the Enrico Fermi Institute. She is the Director of International Relations at Fermilab, as well as the head of the Theoretical Physics Department. As of January 1, 2016 she is the Chair Elect of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society. Title: Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station Passage: The Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station 2007 (APLIS07) is a U.S.A. and Japanese laboratory dedicated to the study of global climate change, located about 300 km south of the Arctic Circle, Alaska on the West Ridge of the University of Alaska Fairbanks campus. Title: Seibert Q. Duntley Passage: He started the Visibility Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939/40. It was the brainchild of Duntley and MIT physics chair Dr. Arthur C. Hardy. It was focused on applying optics to such problems as camouflage, misdirection of aerial bombardment, target location, visibility of submerged objects at sea. In 1952, Roger Revelle and Quimby Duntley agreed that the laboratory would become part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego, and the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships agreed to pay for the move. The work of the laboratory centered on the transmission of visible light through the atmosphere and water and the related problems of image formation and recognition. The nature of much of the research required measurements of the optical properties of the ocean or atmosphere for which no instruments existed. As a result of these requirements, many unique and very specialized instruments were developed by the laboratory, many of which were based on concepts or optical designs devised by Duntley. He earned the academic rank of Professor in 1966 and taught at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and at the Department of Applied Physics and Information Science (APIS) at UCSD until his retirement. Title: 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay Passage: India: Due to concerns about pro-Tibet protests, the relay through New Delhi on April 17 was cut to just 2.3 km (less than 1.5 miles), which was shared amongst 70 runners. It concluded at the India Gate. The event was peaceful due to the public not being allowed at the relay. A total of five intended torchbearers -Kiran Bedi, Soha Ali Khan, Sachin Tendulkar, Bhaichung Bhutia and Sunil Gavaskar- withdrew from the event, citing "personal reasons", or, in Bhutia's case, explicitly wishing to "stand by the people of Tibet and their struggle" and protest against the PRC "crackdown" in Tibet. Indian national football captain, Baichung Bhutia refused to take part in the Indian leg of the torch relay, citing concerns over Tibet. Bhutia, who is Sikkimese, is the first athlete to refuse to run with the torch. Indian film star Aamir Khan states on his personal blog that the "Olympic Games do not belong to China" and confirms taking part in the torch relay "with a prayer in his heart for the people of Tibet, and ... for all people across the world who are victims of human rights violations". Rahul Gandhi, son of the Congress President Sonia Gandhi and scion of the Nehru-Gandhi family, also refused to carry the torch. Title: Ames, Iowa Passage: Ames is a city in central Iowa approximately 30 miles (48 km) north of Des Moines. It is best known as the home of Iowa State University (ISU), with leading Agriculture, Design, Engineering, and Veterinary Medicine colleges. An United States Department of Energy national laboratory, Ames Laboratory, is located on the ISU campus. Title: Melmalayanur Passage: Melmalayanur is located near Gingee, Tamil Nadu, India, 21 km from chetput (Tiruvannamalai District) and 21 km away from Gingee (Villupuram District) It is famous for the Goddess Angalaamman. Across from Southern India devotee use to visit. Title: Melvin Schwartz Passage: In the 1970s he founded and became president of Digital Pathways. In 1972 he published a textbook on classical electrodynamics that has become a standard reference for intermediate and advanced students for its particularly clear exposition of the basic physical principles of the theory. In 1991, he became Associate Director of High Energy and Nuclear Physics at Brookhaven National Laboratory. At the same time, he rejoined the Columbia faculty as Professor of Physics. He became I. I. Rabi Professor of Physics in 1994 and retired as Rabi Professor Emeritus in 2000. He spent his retirement years in Ketchum, Idaho, and died August 28, 2006 at a Twin Falls, Idaho, nursing home after struggling with Parkinson's disease and hepatitis C. Title: Michale Fee Passage: Michale Fee received a B.E. with honors in Engineering Physics from the School of Engineering at the University of Michigan (1985). He received a Ph.D. in Applied Physics from Stanford University (1992), where he conducted his thesis work in the laboratory of Steven Chu. From September 1992–June 1996 he was a postdoctoral fellow at Bell Laboratories in the Biological Computation Research Department, where he worked in the laboratory of David Kleinfeld on the cortical circuitry in the vibrissa system of the rat underlying the sense of touch. Title: Journal of Applied Physics Passage: The Journal of Applied Physics is a peer - reviewed scientific journal with a focus on the physics of modern technology. The journal was originally established in 1931 under the name of Physics, and was published by the American Physical Society for its first 7 volumes. In January 1937, ownership was transferred to the American Institute of Physics ``in line with the efforts of the American Physical Society to enhance the standing of physics as a profession ''. The journal's current editor - in - chief is André Anders (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory). According to the 2015 Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2016 impact factor of 2.068.	[ "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "National Physical Laboratory of India" ]
How many medals does the country Milcah Chemos Cheywa is from have in gold coast?	17	[]	Title: New Zealand at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Passage: The New Zealand team collected 46 medals: 15 gold, 16 silver and 15 bronze, an increase of one medal from the previous games. The medals came across twelve sports. The nation won its first medal in beach volleyball, which was introduced at the Games, and its first gold medal in hockey. Title: Gold Coast Sun Passage: The Gold Coast Sun is a weekly newspaper serving Australia's Gold Coast region. The newspaper was established in March 1967 and is Australia's most-read community newspaper. Title: Milcah Chemos Cheywa Passage: Milcah Chemos Cheywa (born 24 February 1986 in Bugaa, Mount Elgon District) is a runner from Kenya who specialises in 3000 metres steeplechase. She is African record holder at the distance and is the gold medalist of the 2013 World Championships in Athletics. Title: Gold Coast (British colony) Passage: In 1482, the Portuguese came to the continent for increased trade. They built the Castle of Elmina, the first European settlement on the Gold Coast. From here they acquired slaves and gold in trade for European goods, such as metal knives, beads, mirrors, rum, and guns. News of the successful trading spread quickly, and British, Dutch, Danish, Prussian and Swedish traders arrived as well. The European traders built several forts along the coastline. The Gold Coast had long been a name for the region used by Europeans because of the large gold resources found in the area. The slave trade was the principal exchange and major part of the economy for many years. In this period, European nations began to explore and colonize the Americas. Soon the Portuguese and Spanish began to export African slaves to the Caribbean, and North and South America. The Dutch and British also entered the slave trade, at first supplying markets in the Caribbean and on the Caribbean coast of South America. Title: Czechoslovakia Passage: Věra Čáslavská was an Olympic gold medallist in gymnastics, winning seven gold medals and four silver medals. She represented Czechoslovakia in three consecutive Olympics. Title: Gold Coast Highway Passage: The Gold Coast Highway in Queensland, Australia links the coastal suburbs of the Gold Coast. in length, the highway runs from near the Pacific Motorway at Pacific Pines to the Pacific Motorway at Tweed Heads. It passes through the numerous popular tourist areas including Surfers Paradise and Broadbeach, a commercial centre at Southport, residential areas, shopping centres and the Gold Coast (Coolangatta) Airport. Title: Swedish Gold Coast Passage: The Swedish Gold Coast () was a Swedish colony founded in 1650 by Hendrik Carloff on the Gulf of Guinea in present-day Ghana in Africa. It lasted until April 1663 when the whole Swedish Gold Coast was seized by Denmark, and integrated in the Danish Gold Coast. Title: Kenya at the Commonwealth Games Passage: Games Gold Silver Bronze Total 1954 Vancouver 0 0 0 0 1958 Cardiff 0 0 1962 Perth 5 1966 Kingston 8 1970 Edinburgh 5 6 14 1974 Christchurch 7 9 18 1978 Edmonton 7 6 5 18 1982 Brisbane 10 1986 Edinburgh did not attend 1990 Auckland 6 9 18 1994 Victoria 7 8 19 1998 Kuala Lumpur 7 5 16 2002 Manchester 8 16 2006 Melbourne 6 5 7 18 2010 Delhi 12 11 10 33 2014 Glasgow 10 10 5 25 2018 Gold Coast 7 6 17 Total 85 75 77 237 Title: Nunziatella Military School Passage: The flag of the school is decorated with a Gold Cross of Merit of the Carabinieri, and a Bronze Medal at the Valor of the Army. Its former students have earned 38 gold medals, 147 silver medals and 220 bronze medals for military valor; 1 gold medal for civil valor; and numerous other awards for valor. A total of 21 of them are decorated with the Military Order of Italy and 56 of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. Title: United States at the 2014 Winter Olympics Passage: After winning an Olympic record 37 medals at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, the United States had a somewhat disappointing performance during these games. Although the delegation ranked second in overall medals with 28, it ranked out of the top three in gold medals (with a total of nine) for the first time since Nagano in 1998 when it placed 6th in overall medals and 5th in gold medals. In long track speedskating, the U.S. matched its medal-less results from 1984 and 1956. In figure skating, the U.S. won no medals in the men's or women's singles events for the first time since 1936. Title: 2016 Summer Olympics medal table Passage: For the fifth time in the last six Games, the United States led the medal table both in number of gold medals won (as the medals are listed on the official website of the Games, and internationally by tradition), and in overall medals (the traditional method by which the table is listed in the United States). Behind the United States, Great Britain were second on the medal table by golds (27), and third by overall medals (67) -- their highest finish in the former case since the home games of 1908 and in the latter since 1920, while China were third by golds (26), but second by overall medals (70). Both countries were significantly behind the United States tally (46 golds, 121 medals), but well clear of a group of challengers for fourth in the table including Russia, Germany, France and 2020 hosts Japan. Title: List of 2008 Summer Olympics medal winners Passage: American swimmer Michael Phelps was the most successful athlete, winning eight gold medals and setting a new record for most golds won in a single edition of the Olympics (the previous record, seven, had been set in 1972 by Mark Spitz). Phelps also set a new record for most career gold medals (14), and his 16 total medals were ranked second all - time behind Soviet gymnast Larisa Latynina (18) at the time. In 2012 Phelps set a record for most total medals. Several records for career medals in a sport were tied or surpassed, including cycling (Bradley Wiggins of the United Kingdom won two gold, tied for record with six career medals); judo (Ryoko Tani of Japan won a bronze, five career medals); softball (Laura Berg of the United States won a gold and Natalie Ward, Melanie Roche and Tanya Harding of Australia won a bronze; all have four career medals); swimming (Michael Phelps, 16 career medals); taekwondo (Steven López of the United States won a bronze and Hadi Saei of Iran won a gold, both three career medals); and table tennis (Wang Nan of China won a gold and silver medal, five career medals).	[ "Kenya at the Commonwealth Games", "Milcah Chemos Cheywa" ]
Who was ordered to force a Tibetan assault into the region conquered by Yellow Tiger in the mid-17th century?	Ming general Qu Neng	[]	Title: Yuan dynasty Passage: The Central Region, consisting of present-day Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, the south-eastern part of present-day Inner Mongolia and the Henan areas to the north of the Yellow River, was considered the most important region of the dynasty and directly governed by the Central Secretariat (or Zhongshu Sheng) at Khanbaliq (modern Beijing); similarly, another top-level administrative department called the Bureau of Buddhist and Tibetan Affairs (or Xuanzheng Yuan) held administrative rule over the whole of modern-day Tibet and a part of Sichuan, Qinghai and Kashmir. Title: Sichuan Passage: In the middle of the 17th century, the peasant rebel leader Zhang Xianzhong (1606–1646) from Yan'an, Shanxi Province, nicknamed Yellow Tiger, led his peasant troop from north China to the south, and conquered Sichuan. Upon capturing it, he declared himself emperor of the Daxi Dynasty (大西王朝). In response to the resistance from local elites, he massacred a large native population. As a result of the massacre as well as years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition, the population of Sichuan fell sharply, requiring a massive resettlement of people from the neighboring Huguang Province (modern Hubei and Hunan) and other provinces during the Qing dynasty. Title: Chuanhui District Passage: Chuanhui District () is a district of the city of Zhoukou, Henan province, China. It lies at the intersection of the Ying River, Sha River and Jialu River. The name "Chuanhui" means that three rivers come across. From 17th century to 19th century, it was an important port in China's Inland Waterway System, connecting Huai River and Yellow River. Now it is the place where the government of Zhoukou City locates. Title: Tibet Passage: The Tibetan name for their land, Bod བོད་, means "Tibet" or "Tibetan Plateau", although it originally meant the central region around Lhasa, now known in Tibetan as Ü. The Standard Tibetan pronunciation of Bod, [pʰøʔ˨˧˨], is transcribed Bhö in Tournadre Phonetic Transcription, Bö in the THL Simplified Phonetic Transcription and Poi in Tibetan pinyin. Some scholars believe the first written reference to Bod "Tibet" was the ancient Bautai people recorded in the Egyptian Greek works Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (1st century CE) and Geographia (Ptolemy, 2nd century CE), itself from the Sanskrit form Bhauṭṭa of the Indian geographical tradition. Title: Bachorza manor Passage: Bachorza is a manor house located in the village of Bachorza in Masovian Voivodeship, in central-eastern Poland. It was originally built in the late 17th century, but was subsequently redesigned in the mid-19th century. Bachorza was home to many distinguished Polish families and is a good example of neo-classical Polish manorial architecture. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: Patricia Ebrey writes that Tibet, like Joseon Korea and other neighboring states to the Ming, settled for its tributary status while there were no troops or governors of Ming China stationed in its territory. Laird writes that "after the Mongol troops left Tibet, no Ming troops replaced them." Wang and Nyima state that, despite the fact that the Ming refrained from sending troops to subdue Tibet and refrained from garrisoning Ming troops there, these measures were unnecessary so long as the Ming court upheld close ties with Tibetan vassals and their forces. However, there were instances in the 14th century when the Hongwu Emperor did use military force to quell unrest in Tibet. John D. Langlois writes that there was unrest in Tibet and western Sichuan, which the Marquis Mu Ying (沐英) was commissioned to quell in November 1378 after he established a Taozhou garrison in Gansu. Langlois notes that by October 1379, Mu Ying had allegedly captured 30,000 Tibetan prisoners and 200,000 domesticated animals. Yet invasion went both ways; the Ming general Qu Neng, under the command of Lan Yu, was ordered to repel a Tibetan assault into Sichuan in 1390. Title: Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty Passage: The Ming initiated sporadic armed intervention in Tibet during the 14th century, but did not garrison permanent troops there. At times the Tibetans also used armed resistance against Ming forays. The Wanli Emperor (r. 1572–1620) made attempts to reestablish Sino-Tibetan relations after the Mongol-Tibetan alliance initiated in 1578, which affected the foreign policy of the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912) of China in their support for the Dalai Lama of the Gelug school. By the late 16th century, the Mongols were successful armed protectors of the Gelug Dalai Lama, after increasing their presence in the Amdo region. This culminated in Güshi Khan's (1582–1655) conquest of Tibet from 1637–1642 and the establishment of the Ganden Phodrang regime by the 5th Dalai Lama with his help. Title: Tuva Passage: Two religions are widespread among the people of Tuva: Tibetan Buddhism and shamanism. Tibetan Buddhism's present-day spiritual leader is Tenzin Gyatso, the fourteenth Dalai Lama. In September 1992, the fourteenth Dalai Lama visited Tuva for three days. On September 20, he blessed and consecrated the new yellow-blue-white flag of Tuva, which had been officially adopted three days previously.The Tuvan people – along with the Yellow Uyghurs in China – are one of the only two Turkic groups who are mainly adherents to Tibetan Buddhism, combined with native shamanism.During the 16th and 17th centuries, Tibetan Buddhism gained popularity in Tuva. An increasing number of new and restored temples are coming into use, as well as novices being trained as monks and lamas. Religious practice declined under the restrictive policies of the Soviet period but is now flourishing.Shamanism is being revived as well, also in organized Tengrian forms. Title: The Race of the Tiger Passage: The Race of the Tiger is an historical novel by the Welsh writer Alexander Cordell (1914–1997) set in mid-19th century Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Title: Kʼicheʼ kingdom of Qʼumarkaj Passage: The Kʼicheʼ kingdom of Qʼumarkaj was a state in the highlands of modern-day Guatemala which was founded by the Kʼicheʼ (Quiché) Maya in the thirteenth century, and which expanded through the fifteenth century until it was conquered by Spanish and Nahua forces led by Pedro de Alvarado in 1524. Title: Force Passage: The shortcomings of Aristotelian physics would not be fully corrected until the 17th century work of Galileo Galilei, who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus. Galileo constructed an experiment in which stones and cannonballs were both rolled down an incline to disprove the Aristotelian theory of motion early in the 17th century. He showed that the bodies were accelerated by gravity to an extent that was independent of their mass and argued that objects retain their velocity unless acted on by a force, for example friction. Title: Plymouth Passage: Throughout the 17th century Plymouth had gradually lost its pre-eminence as a trading port. By the mid-17th century commodities manufactured elsewhere in England cost too much to transport to Plymouth and the city had no means of processing sugar or tobacco imports, although it did play a relatively small part in the Atlantic slave trade during the early 18th century.	[ "Sichuan", "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty" ]
Where did Chopin live with his family in the city Bolesław Leśmian died?	Saxon Palace.	[ "Saxon Palace" ]	Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: During 1824–28 Chopin spent his vacations away from Warsaw, at a number of locales.[n 4] In 1824 and 1825, at Szafarnia, he was a guest of Dominik Dziewanowski, the father of a schoolmate. Here for the first time he encountered Polish rural folk music. His letters home from Szafarnia (to which he gave the title "The Szafarnia Courier"), written in a very modern and lively Polish, amused his family with their spoofing of the Warsaw newspapers and demonstrated the youngster's literary gift. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7] Title: Théoden Passage: The appendices of "The Return of the King" explain that Théoden was the only son of King Thengel and Morwen of Lossarnach (a region of Gondor). He was the second-born of five children, and the only boy. Théoden was closest to his youngest sister, Théodwyn. He was born in Gondor, where his family lived until Thengel became king of Rohan. Théoden became king after the death of his father. Théodwyn lived with him in Edoras. He married Elfhild, but she died giving birth to their son, Théodred. After Théodwyn and her husband, Éomund, also died, he adopted their children, Éomer and Éowyn. Title: Cadwallader Blayney, 10th Baron Blayney Passage: Cadwallader Blayney, 10th Baron Blayney (1769 – 2 April 1784) became a lord in 1775, and lived on the family estate in Castleblayney, Ireland. He died in 1784. Title: Life in Pieces Passage: The series chronicles the lives of three generations of the Short family as they go about their daily lives in Los Angeles County. Each episode is told as four short stories, one for each branch of the Short family. Title: Oklahoma City Passage: There were 230,233 households, 29.4% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.4% were non-families. One person households account for 30.5% of all households and 8.7% of all households had someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.11. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: There were 15,848 households out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.8% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.26. Title: Bolesław Leśmian Passage: Bolesław Leśmian was born January 22, 1877 in Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire to a family of Polonized Jewish intelligentsia. He spent his childhood and youth in Kiev, where he graduated from the law faculty of Saint Vladimir University. In 1901, he returned to Warsaw. From there, he set off on a journey to various European cities, including Munich and Paris, where he married a painter, Zofia Chylińska. Heavily influenced by French modernists, Leśmian returned to Warsaw, where he became one of the founders of an experimental "Artistic Theatre". There he also met one of his closest friends, Zenon Przesmycki, with whom he became involved in the publication of "Chimera", an art newspaper. Title: Jim Wells County, Texas Passage: There were 12,961 households of which 40.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.00% were married couples living together, 15.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.10% were non-families. 19.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.45. Title: El Dorado County, California Passage: There were 58,939 households out of which 34.2% had youngsters under the age of 18 living with them, 60.1% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.04. Title: Frédéric Chopin Passage: In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses. Title: Elko County, Nevada Passage: There were 15,638 households out of which 43.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.30% were married couples living together, 8.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.50% were non-families. 20.90% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.85 and the average family size was 3.33.	[ "Frédéric Chopin", "Bolesław Leśmian" ]
What is the highest area of land in the body of water that is the middle leg of the journey from england to the continent that contains the river that the Tekezé turns into?	Pico Duarte	[]	Title: Charles River Peninsula Passage: The Charles River Peninsula is a nature preserve in Needham, Massachusetts owned and managed by the Trustees of Reservations. The Charles River turns nearly 180 degrees, creating the peninsula. A field on the peninsula has been farmed for roughly a century. The original acreage was given in 1960; additional land was given in 1994. Title: Atbarah River Passage: The Atbarah River (; transliterated: Nahr 'Atbarah) in northeast Africa rises in northwest Ethiopia, approximately 50 km north of Lake Tana and 30 km west of Gondar. It flows about 805 km (500 mi) to the Nile in north-central Sudan, joining it at the city of Atbarah (). The river's tributary, the Tekezé (Setit) River, is perhaps the true upper course of the Atbarah, as the Tekezé follows the longer course prior to the confluence of the two rivers (at 14° 10' N, 36° E) in northeastern Sudan. The Atbarah is the last tributary of the Nile before it reaches the Mediterranean. Title: Bonanza Range Passage: The Bonanza Range is a small mountain range on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located in the area between the Nimpkish River and the Tsitika River. It has an area of 150 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains. Title: Tekezé River Passage: The Tekezé River rises in the central Ethiopian Highlands near Mount Qachen within Lasta, from where it flows west, north, then west again, forming the westernmost border of Ethiopia and Eritrea from the confluence of the Tomsa with the Tekezé at to the tripoint between the two countries and Sudan at . After entering northeastern Sudan at the tripoint it joins the Atbarah River, which is a tributary of the Nile. The Tekezé is perhaps the true upper course of the Atbarah, as the former follows the longer course prior to the confluence of the two rivers. Title: Battersea Bridge Passage: Battersea Bridge is a five-span arch bridge with cast-iron girders and granite piers crossing the River Thames in London, England. It is situated on a sharp bend in the river, and links Battersea south of the river with Chelsea to the north. The bridge replaced a ferry service that had operated near the site since at least the middle of the 16th century. Title: List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean Passage: Of the 20 highest major summits of the Caribbean, only Pico Duarte exceeds 3000 meters (9843 feet) elevation, six peaks exceed 2000 meters (6562 feet), and 15 peaks exceed 1000 meters (3281 feet) elevation. Title: Chirnsidebridge Passage: Chirnsidebridge is a village near Chirnside in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, at a bridge over the Whiteadder Water on its journey towards the River Tweed. Title: Tumcha River Passage: Tumcha River () is a river in the south of the Kola Peninsula in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It is in length. The area of its basin is . The river originates in the merger Kutsayoki River and Tuntsayoki River and flows into the Iova Reservoir which in turn is part of the Kovda River basin. Title: Triangular trade Passage: Historically the particular routes were also shaped by the powerful influence of winds and currents during the age of sail. For example, from the main trading nations of Western Europe it was much easier to sail westwards after first going south of 30 N latitude and reaching the so - called ``trade winds ''; thus arriving in the Caribbean rather than going straight west to the North American mainland. Returning from North America, it is easiest to follow the Gulf Stream in a northeasterly direction using the westerlies. A similar triangle to this, called the volta do mar was already being used by the Portuguese, before Christopher Columbus' voyage, to sail to the Canary Islands and the Azores. Columbus simply expanded the triangle outwards, and his route became the main way for Europeans to reach, and return from, the Americas. Title: Somerset Passage: The Somerset Levels (or Somerset Levels and Moors as they are less commonly but more correctly known) are a sparsely populated wetland area of central Somerset, between the Quantock and Mendip hills. They consist of marine clay levels along the coast, and the inland (often peat based) moors. The Levels are divided into two by the Polden Hills; land to the south is drained by the River Parrett while land to the north is drained by the River Axe and the River Brue. The total area of the Levels amounts to about 647.5 square kilometres (160,000 acres) and broadly corresponds to the administrative district of Sedgemoor but also includes the south west of Mendip district. Approximately 70% of the area is grassland and 30% is arable. Stretching about 32 kilometres (20 mi) inland, this expanse of flat land barely rises above sea level. Before it was drained, much of the land was under a shallow brackish sea in winter and was marsh land in summer. Drainage began with the Romans, and was restarted at various times: by the Anglo-Saxons; in the Middle Ages by the Glastonbury Abbey, from 1400–1770; and during the Second World War, with the construction of the Huntspill River. Pumping and management of water levels still continues. Title: Sweet Home Valley Passage: The Sweet Home Valley of the South Santiam River runs from an area known as The Narrows near the western edge of the city of Sweet Home, Oregon to the confluence of the South Santiam and Middle Santiam rivers at Foster Reservoir on the east. Extending on either side of the South Santiam, nearly all of the valley south of the river is inside the city of Sweet Home while the valley north of the river remains unincorporated. Prior to the construction of Foster Dam, the area inundated by Foster Reservoir was occupied by several ranches and farms. Title: Molmys River Passage: Molmys River () is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Yazva River. It is long, and the area of its drainage basin is . It starts on the southeastern slope of Mount Vogulsky Kamen, in the middle part of the Kvarkush mountain range. It flows through the southeastern portion of Krasnovishersky District, its mouth located upstream of the settlement Krasnyi Bereg. There are many rapids throughout the river, and the bottom is rocky.	[ "Atbarah River", "Tekezé River", "List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean", "Triangular trade" ]
When did the author of The Long Voyage write his last book?	April 1870 to September 1870	[]	Title: Smoke (Miscione novel) Passage: Smoke is a novel by bestselling author Lisa Unger writing as Lisa Miscione. It is the fourth and final book featuring Lydia Strong. Title: Judith Hearne Passage: Set in Belfast in the 1950s, "Judith Hearne" has been described as "a sensitive study of a middle-aged alcoholic woman in drab Belfast and her desperate last attempts at finding love and companionship". Ann Leary, reviewing the book for NPR, calls it "a short book about a lifetime of longing" and says "Moore uses brilliant economy in his writing; it's as if words are as scarce and precious as sunshine in this gloomy section of postwar Belfast". According to Colm Tóibín, the book "is full of Joycean moments... it takes from ‘Clay’, the most mysterious story in Dubliners, the idea of a single, middle-aged woman visiting a family and finding both comfort and humiliation there". Robert Fulford, writing in Canada's "The Globe and Mail", describes it as "a bleak post-Catholic novel" that depicts "a desolate life, stripped of warming humanity". Title: Heinold's First and Last Chance Saloon Passage: Heinold's First and Last Chance is a waterfront saloon opened by John (Johnny) M. Heinold in 1883 on Jack London Square in Oakland, California, United States. The name "First and Last Chance" refers to the time in which for many sailors, the pub was the first and last chance to drink alcohol heavily before or after a long voyage. Title: The Book of Dreams (Jack Vance novel) Passage: The Book of Dreams is a science fiction book by American author Jack Vance, the fifth and last novel (1981) in the "Demon Princes" series. Title: P. D. Cacek Passage: Patricia Diana Joy Anne Cacek (December 22, 1951, Hollywood, California) is an American author, mostly of horror novels. She graduated with a B.A in Creative Writing from California State University, Long Beach in 1975. Title: Megan Hart Passage: Megan Hart is a New York Times Best-Selling American author of over thirty romantic and erotic novels. Hart became interested in writing after reading the Ray Bradbury short story "Homecoming". Moved by this work, she rewrote her own version and began creating stories. She was inspired to write professionally after reading Stephen King's "The Stand". After a long break Hart resumed writing in 1998, publishing her first book in 2002. Title: Rachel Carson Passage: Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 -- April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist whose book Silent Spring and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement. Title: The Long Voyage Passage: "The Long Voyage" is a New Year's Eve short story by Charles Dickens. It was originally published in the 31 December 1853 issue of "Household Words" magazine. Title: Charles Dickens Passage: The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (Known as ``The Pickwick Papers '') (Monthly serial, April 1836 to November 1837) The Adventures of Oliver Twist (Monthly serial in Bentley's Miscellany, February 1837 to April 1839) The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (Monthly serial, April 1838 to October 1839) The Old Curiosity Shop (Weekly serial in Master Humphrey's Clock, April 1840 to November 1841) Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty (Weekly serial in Master Humphrey's Clock, February to November 1841) A Christmas Carol (1843) The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (Monthly serial, January 1843 to July 1844) Dombey and Son (Monthly serial, October 1846 to April 1848) David Copperfield (Monthly serial, May 1849 to November 1850) Bleak House (Monthly serial, March 1852 to September 1853) Hard Times: For These Times (Weekly serial in Household Words, 1 April 1854, to 12 August 1854) Little Dorrit (Monthly serial, December 1855 to June 1857) A Tale of Two Cities (Weekly serial in All the Year Round, 30 April 1859, to 26 November 1859) Great Expectations (Weekly serial in All the Year Round, 1 December 1860 to 3 August 1861) Our Mutual Friend (Monthly serial, May 1864 to November 1865) The Mystery of Edwin Drood left unfinished due to Dickens's death (Monthly serial, April 1870 to September 1870) Title: Oh, the Places You'll Go! Passage: Oh, the Places You'll Go! is a book written and illustrated by children's author Dr. Seuss. It was first published by Random House on January 22, 1990, making it his last book published in his lifetime. The book concerns the journey of life and its challenges. Title: Antarctica Passage: Integral to the story of the origin of the name "Antarctica" is how it was not named Terra Australis—this name was given to Australia instead, and it was because of a mistake made by people who decided that a significant landmass would not be found farther south than Australia. Explorer Matthew Flinders, in particular, has been credited with popularizing the transfer of the name Terra Australis to Australia. He justified the titling of his book A Voyage to Terra Australis (1814) by writing in the introduction: Title: Brian McConnachie Passage: Brian McConnachie (born December 23, 1942) is an American actor, comedy writer, and children's book author. In 1982, he won an Emmy Award as part of the writing team for "SCTV Network", and in 1979 he was nominated for an Emmy as part of the writing team for "Saturday Night Live".	[ "The Long Voyage", "Charles Dickens" ]
The Soviets avoided conflict with the people 66 of which were held hostage for 444 days in the late 1970s by a Middle East country. The people speaking language resembled most by Armenias make up what percentage of that country's population?	53%	[]	Title: Korean War Passage: In April 1950, Stalin gave Kim permission to invade the South under the condition that Mao would agree to send reinforcements if they became needed. Stalin made it clear that Soviet forces would not openly engage in combat, to avoid a direct war with the Americans. Kim met with Mao in May 1950. Mao was concerned that the Americans would intervene but agreed to support the North Korean invasion. China desperately needed the economic and military aid promised by the Soviets. At that time, the Chinese were in the process of demobilizing half of the PLA's 5.6 million soldiers. However, Mao sent more ethnic Korean PLA veterans to Korea and promised to move an army closer to the Korean border. Once Mao's commitment was secured, preparations for war accelerated. Title: Iran hostage crisis Passage: The Iran hostage crisis was a diplomatic standoff between Iran and the United States of America. Fifty - two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, after a group of Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran. It stands as the longest hostage crisis in recorded history. Title: Armenia Passage: Ter-Petrosyan led Armenia alongside Defense Minister Vazgen Sargsyan through the Nagorno-Karabakh War with neighboring Azerbaijan. The initial post-Soviet years were marred by economic difficulties, which had their roots early in the Karabakh conflict when the Azerbaijani Popular Front managed to pressure the Azerbaijan SSR to instigate a railway and air blockade against Armenia. This move effectively crippled Armenia's economy as 85% of its cargo and goods arrived through rail traffic. In 1993, Turkey joined the blockade against Armenia in support of Azerbaijan. Title: Gallup, New Mexico Passage: Gallup (Navajo: Naʼnízhoozhí) is a city in McKinley County, New Mexico, United States, with a population of 21,678 as of the 2010 census. A substantial percentage of its population is Native American, with residents from the Navajo, Hopi, and Zuni tribes. Gallup is the county seat of McKinley County and the most populous city between Flagstaff and Albuquerque, along the historic U.S. Route 66. Title: Iran Passage: As with the spoken languages, the ethnic group composition also remains a point of debate, mainly regarding the largest and second largest ethnic groups, the Persians and Azerbaijanis, due to the lack of Iranian state censuses based on ethnicity. The CIA's World Factbook has estimated that around 79% of the population of Iran are a diverse Indo-European ethno-linguistic group that comprise the speakers of Iranian languages, with Persians constituting 53% of the population, Gilaks and Mazanderanis 7%, Kurds 10%, Lurs 6%, and Balochs 2%. Peoples of the other ethnicities in Iran make up the remaining 22%, with Azerbaijanis constituting 16%, Arabs 2%, Turkmens and Turkic tribes 2%, and others 2% (such as Armenians, Talysh, Georgians, Circassians, Assyrians). Title: Armenia Passage: Armenia was annexed by Bolshevist Russia and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, it was incorporated into the Soviet Union as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. With this annexation, the Treaty of Alexandropol was superseded by the Turkish-Soviet Treaty of Kars. In the agreement, Turkey allowed the Soviet Union to assume control over Adjara with the port city of Batumi in return for sovereignty over the cities of Kars, Ardahan, and Iğdır, all of which were part of Russian Armenia. Title: Armenia Passage: The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina ( ). The ancient Greek terms Ἀρμενία (Armenía) and Ἀρμένιοι (Arménioi, "Armenians") are first mentioned by Hecataeus of Miletus (c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram, a lineal descendant of Hayk. Title: The World Is a Ghetto Passage: The World Is a Ghetto is the fifth album by the band War, released in late 1972 on United Artists Records. The album attained the number one spot on "Billboard", and was "Billboard" magazine's Album of the Year as the best-selling album of 1973. In addition to being "Billboard"'s #1 album of 1973, the album is ranked number 444 on "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. The title track became a gold record. Title: Estonian language Passage: When Estonia was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union in World War II, the status of the Estonian language changed to the first of two official languages (Russian being the other one). As with Latvia many immigrants entered Estonia under Soviet encouragement. In the second half of the 1970s, the pressure of bilingualism (for Estonians) intensified, resulting in widespread knowledge of Russian throughout the country. The Russian language was termed as ‘the language of friendship of nations’ and was taught to Estonian children, sometimes as early as in kindergarten. Although teaching Estonian to non-Estonians in schools was compulsory, in practice learning the language was often considered unnecessary. Title: Aeroflot Flight 244 Passage: Aeroflot Flight 244 was hijacked on 15 October 1970, making it the first known successful airline hijacking in the Soviet Union. Title: Bovadzor Passage: Bovadzor (; formerly, Maksim Gorkiy, Maksim Gorki, and Maksim Gor’kiy; originally, Aleksandrovka) is a town in the Lori Province of Armenia. During the Soviet era, the town was named for the Soviet writer, Maxim Gorkiy. Title: I Think I Love You Passage: ``I Think I Love You ''Single by The Partridge Family from the album The Partridge Family Album B - side`` Somebody Wants to Love You'' ``To Be Lovers ''(Philippines) Released August 22, 1970 Format 7'' single Genre Pop, baroque pop Length 2: 54 Label Bell Songwriter (s) Tony Romeo Producer (s) Wes Farrell The Partridge Family singles chronology`` I Think I Love You ''(1970) ``Does n't Somebody Want to Be Wanted'' (1971)`` I Think I Love You ''(1970) ``Does n't Somebody Want to Be Wanted'' (1971)	[ "Armenia", "Iran", "Korean War", "Iran hostage crisis" ]
Who owns the imperial palace in the large city in the southeastern part of the state Humboldt Range is located?	Caesars Entertainment Corporation	[]	Title: Salton Sea Airport Passage: Salton Sea Airport is a privately owned, public use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) southwest of the central business district of Salton City, in Imperial County, California, United States. Title: O'Donnell Heights, Baltimore Passage: O'Donnell Heights is a neighborhood named for a public housing development in the far southeastern part of the city of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is located south and east of Interstate 95, just west of the border with Baltimore County, and north of the St. Helena neighborhood. Title: The Linq Passage: The Linq (formerly Flamingo Capri, Imperial Palace and The Quad) is a 2,640 - room hotel, casino and shopping promenade on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation. As of 2012, the casino is 32,890 sq ft (3,056 m) with 830 slot machines, 55 table games, and a race and sports book. Title: Sawtooth Range (Alaska) Passage: The Sawtooth Range is a small mountain range in southeastern Alaska, United States, located just southwest of Warm Pass and on the north side of the East Fork of the Skagway River. It has an area of 97 km and is a subrange of the Boundary Ranges which in turn form part of the Coast Mountains. Title: Pieck Range Passage: Pieck Range () is a short mountain range surmounted by Zwiesel Mountain, located at the east side of Humboldt Graben in the Petermann Ranges, Wohlthat Mountains in Antarctica. Title: Forbidden City Passage: The Forbidden City is a palace complex in central Beijing, China. The former Chinese imperial palace from the Ming dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty -- the years 1420 to 1912, it now houses the Palace Museum. The Forbidden City served as the home of emperors and their households as well as the ceremonial and political center of Chinese government for almost 500 years. Title: Columbia Point Passage: Columbia Point is a high mountain summit of the Crestones in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located east by south (bearing 102°) of the Town of Crestone in Saguache County, Colorado, United States. The Crestones are a cluster of high summits in the Sangre de Cristo Range, comprising Crestone Peak, Crestone Needle, Kit Carson Peak, Challenger Point, Humboldt Peak, and Columbia Point. Title: Fox Creek Range Passage: The Fox Creek Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is mostly contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Bruneau Range Passage: The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains. Title: Southern Nevada Passage: A major part of Southern Nevada's economy is based on tourism, including gambling. The primary drivers of the Las Vegas economy have been the confluence of tourism, gaming, and conventions which in turn feed the retail and dining industries. The city serves as world headquarters for the world's two largest Fortune 500 gaming companies, Harrah's Entertainment and MGM Mirage. Title: Ruby Range (Valhalla Ranges) Passage: The Ruby Range is a subrange of the Valhalla Ranges of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located west of the northern end of Slocan Lake. Title: Humboldt Range Passage: The Humboldt Range is a largely north-south running range of mountains in northwest Nevada, USA, that extend from the town of Imlay in the north to the junction with the West Humboldt Range in the south. It is bordered continuously by Interstate 80 and the Humboldt River, largely expanded in the form of the Rye Patch Reservoir in this area, on the west side and by a long and fairly broad Buena Vista Valley to the east, in a typical basin-and-range pattern. The Humboldts are ostensibly visible to travelers along Interstate 80, especially with respect to the highest point of the range, Star Peak, which with a quite nicely defined tip reaches an elevation of 9,836 feet (2,998 m), located in the center of the north range section. The midpoint of the range is in the area of Fourth of July Flat. The Humboldt Range is also noteworthy for having a famous historical town at its base on the eastern side called Unionville, which, for a brief period, was home to Samuel Clemens. Another historical site, now a ghost town, nearby is called Star City. Unlike some ranges in the vicinity, the substantial height of the Humboldts allows for a number of continuously flowing watersheds, and hiking the terrain is a somewhat noted activity.	[ "Southern Nevada", "Humboldt Range", "The Linq" ]
Who is the mother of the Dance Music performer?	Margaret Davies	[]	Title: Dance in Cambodia Passage: Cambodia's premier performing art form is the Khmer classical dance, or Robam Preah Reach Trop, a highly stylized dance form originating from the royal courts. Performances of classical dance consist of elaborately costumed dancers and music played by a pinpeat ensemble. It is performed for invocation of deities and spirits as well as to pay homage to royalty and guests. In the mid-20th century, it was introduced to the general public and became widely celebrated as iconic of Cambodian culture, often being performed during public events, holidays, and for tourists visiting Cambodia. Two of the most performed classical dance are the Robam Chuon Por (``Wishing dance '') and the Robam Tep Apsara (`` Apsara dance''). Title: Mali Passage: Malian musical traditions are derived from the griots, who are known as "Keepers of Memories". Malian music is diverse and has several different genres. Some famous Malian influences in music are kora virtuoso musician Toumani Diabaté, the late roots and blues guitarist Ali Farka Touré, the Tuareg band Tinariwen, and several Afro-pop artists such as Salif Keita, the duo Amadou et Mariam, Oumou Sangare, and Habib Koité. Dance also plays a large role in Malian culture. Dance parties are common events among friends, and traditional mask dances are performed at ceremonial events. Title: Eiko & Koma Passage: The Japan Society sponsored the first American performance of Eiko & Koma's "White Dance" in May 1976. In 1983 Eiko & Koma performed for the first time at the American Dance Festival, which later commissioned many of their works. "New Moon Stories" (1986) at the Brooklyn Academy of Music’s Next Wave Festival marked their 10th anniversary in the United States and the first of five commissions from BAM. In 1996, Japan Society celebrated Eiko & Koma’s 20th anniversary by presenting "Autumn Passage". Title: This Night (Booty Luv song) Passage: "This Night" is a song performed by female English dance music duo Booty Luv. They dropped off a video for the song in late October 2011. The song was then released seven months later as a promotional single on 24 May 2012 through recording label Industry Sound. Title: Dance into the Light (song) Passage: "Dance into the Light" is a song performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the first single from the album "Dance into the Light". Title: John Cale Passage: John Davies Cale was born on 9 March 1942 in Garnant in the industrial Amman Valley of Wales to Will Cale, a coal miner, and Margaret Davies, a primary school teacher. Although his father spoke only English, his mother spoke and taught Welsh to Cale, which hindered his relationship with his father, although he began learning English at primary school, at around the age of seven. Cale was molested by two different men during his youth, an Anglican priest who molested him in a church and a music teacher. Title: Belvoir Terrace Summer Camp Passage: Belvoir Terrace is a performing arts summer camp for girls near Lenox, Massachusetts, US. The camp is used by girls to expand their abilities in theatre, art, music, and dance. Title: Freedom Williams Passage: Frederick Brandon Williams (born February 13, 1966), better known by his stage name Freedom Williams is an American hip hop and dance music performer, who gained fame as the lead vocalist on C+C Music Factory's biggest hits. Title: Peter Urlich Passage: Peter Urlich (born 1956 in Auckland) is a New Zealand musician. He is one of the few New Zealand musicians who has performed both rock and dance music. He is the cousin of fellow New Zealand singer Margaret Urlich. Title: Cubic Zirconia (band) Passage: Cubic Zirconia are an American electronic dance music trio from East Village, New York City composed of Tiombe Lockhart, Nick Hook and Daud Sturdivant. They have been noted for their energetic live performances and experimental sound, which combines elements from such genres as Chicago house music, neo-soul, rock and electro-funk. Title: Dance Music (album) Passage: Dance Music is the soundtrack album by Welsh multi-instrumentalist and composer John Cale. It was released in 1998 on Detour Records label. It was produced by Cale and his then collaborator Jean-Michel Reusser. It is original music score for Ed Wubbe's ballet about Cale's long-time collaborator Nico. Most of the songs was performed by Dutch group Ice Nine (except "Ari Sleepy Too" and "Nibelungen" by Nico and "España" by Cale on piano). Title: Ivy Sawyer Passage: The London-born Sawyer danced professionally with John Jarrot until she met and married fellow dancer/actor Joseph Santley. The two would dance and perform on stage together primarily in musical comedies for nearly two decades. They made their Broadway debut together in 1916 in "Betty" at the Globe Theatre and two years later played in the musical comedy "Oh, My Dear!" at the Princess Theatre. The couple appeared in the famous Irving Berlin "Music Box Revues" of the 1920s and later toured the United States, performing at major venues such as the National Theatre in Washington, D.C.	[ "John Cale", "Dance Music (album)" ]
During the rule-changing debates, who represented the alma mater of the man who owns the gold spike in the city where The Killers was founded?	A. Lawrence Lowell	[ "Lawrence Lowell" ]	Title: The Von Bondies Passage: The original line-up formed at the 1997 Cramps/Guitar Wolf show by Jason Stollsteimer and Marcie Bolen. They went through a variety of member changes and band names, including The Baby Killers, before settling on The Von Bondies in 2000. Don Blum joined the band around 1999 after attending numerous Baby Killers shows, while Leann Banks was picked via an audition. The Von Bondies got their break by playing a New Year's Eve show in Detroit, Michigan, in 2000. In attendance at the show was Long Gone John, owner of the Sympathy for the Record Industry label. This led to Sympathy releasing the band's debut album "Lack of Communication" in 2001. Title: Flag of Germany Passage: The colours of the modern flag are associated with the republican democracy first proposed in 1848, formed after World War I, and represent German unity and freedom. During the Weimar Republic, the black - red - gold colours were the colours of the democratic, centrist, and republican political parties, as seen in the name of Reichsbanner Schwarz - Rot - Gold, formed by members of the Social Democratic, the Centre, and the Democratic parties to defend the republic against extremists on the right and left. Title: Indian Killer Passage: Indian Killer is a novel written by Sherman Alexie, featuring a serial killer in the city of Seattle, Washington, who scalps white men. Because of this technique, he is called the "Indian Killer" and rising fear provokes anti-Native American violence and racial hostility. Title: Filibuster in the United States Senate Passage: The ability to block a measure through extended debate was an inadvertent side effect of an 1806 rule change, and was infrequently used during much of the 19th and 20th centuries. In 1970, the Senate adopted a ``two - track ''procedure to prevent filibusters from stopping all other Senate business. The minority then felt politically safer in threatening filibusters more regularly, which became normalized over time to the point that 60 votes are now required to end debate on nearly every controversial legislative item. As a result, the modern`` filibuster'' rarely manifests as an extended floor debate. Instead, ``the contemporary Senate has morphed into a 60 - vote institution -- the new normal for approving measures or matters -- a fundamental transformation from earlier years. ''This effective supermajority requirement has had very significant policy and political impacts on Congress and the other branches of government. Title: Rule of law Passage: The General Assembly has considered rule of law as an agenda item since 1992, with renewed interest since 2006 and has adopted resolutions at its last three sessions. The Security Council has held a number of thematic debates on the rule of law, and adopted resolutions emphasizing the importance of these issues in the context of women, peace and security, children in armed conflict, and the protection of civilians in armed conflict. The Peacebuilding Commission has also regularly addressed rule of law issues with respect to countries on its agenda. The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action also requires the rule of law be included in human rights education. Title: Gold Spike (property) Passage: Gold Spike (formerly Gold Spike Hotel & Casino) is a bar, lounge, residential building, and former boutique 112 - room, seven floor hotel. It is connected with the Oasis at the Gold Spike, a 50 - room three floor hotel located in downtown Las Vegas. It was owned by entrepreneur Tony Hsieh and his Downtown Project, having bought it from The Siegel Group; and the casino was operated by Golden Gaming. Title: United States men's national basketball team Passage: Traditionally composed of amateur players, a 1989 rule change by FIBA allowed USA Basketball to field teams with NBA players. The first such team, known as the ``Dream Team '', won the gold medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, being superior in all matches. Title: The Killers Passage: The Killers are an American rock band formed in Las Vegas, Nevada, in 2001 by members Brandon Flowers (lead vocals, keyboards, bass) and Dave Keuning (lead guitar, backing vocals). Mark Stoermer (bass, rhythm guitar, backing vocals) and Ronnie Vannucci Jr. (drums, percussion) completed the current lineup of the band in 2002. The band's name is derived from a logo on the bass drum of a fictitious band portrayed in the music video for the New Order song "Crystal". Title: Yale University Passage: In 1909–10, football faced a crisis resulting from the failure of the previous reforms of 1905–06 to solve the problem of serious injuries. There was a mood of alarm and mistrust, and, while the crisis was developing, the presidents of Harvard, Yale, and Princeton developed a project to reform the sport and forestall possible radical changes forced by government upon the sport. President Arthur Hadley of Yale, A. Lawrence Lowell of Harvard, and Woodrow Wilson of Princeton worked to develop moderate changes to reduce injuries. Their attempts, however, were reduced by rebellion against the rules committee and formation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association. The big three had tried to operate independently of the majority, but changes did reduce injuries. Title: LinkExchange Passage: It was founded in March 1996 by 23-year-old Harvard graduates Tony Hsieh (who later went on to invest in and become the CEO of Zappos) and Sanjay Madan. Ali Partovi later joined them as a third partner in August 1996. In November 1996, when the company consisted of about 10 people, it moved from Hsieh's and Madan's living room to an office in San Francisco. In May 1997, the company received US$3 million in funding from Sequoia Capital. Title: Ahmad Tajuddin Passage: His reign represented the start of a new era in Brunei. The discovery of oil changed the whole course of Brunei's history and enabled faster development in all sectors of the country. The expansion and improvement of formal education and his encouragement of religious education were some of his additional contributions to Brunei Darussalam. Title: Matewan High School Passage: Magnolia Matewan High School was a public high school located in Matewan, West Virginia. The school has been in a succession of four different buildings since 1914. It was formerly known as Magnolia District High School. The mascot is the tiger (Matewan Tigers). The colors seem to be debated occasionally, but usually consist of green and gold (the different shades of green, as well as white as opposed to gold are the subjects of the debates).	[ "Yale University", "Gold Spike (property)", "The Killers", "LinkExchange" ]
A country's city has both an Embassy of France and Pontus Segerström's team's home. When did the Alanders rejoin that country?	December 1917	[]	Title: Embassy of Bulgaria, London Passage: The Embassy of Bulgaria in London is the diplomatic mission of Bulgaria in the United Kingdom. Diplomatic relations between the two countries date from 1879 and there has been a Bulgarian embassy in London since 1903. The embassy is currently housed in a building on the east side of Queen's Gate, just within the City of Westminster, which is Grade II listed. Title: League of Nations Passage: Åland is a collection of around 6,500 islands in the Baltic Sea, midway between Sweden and Finland. The islands are almost exclusively Swedish-speaking, but in 1809, the Åland Islands, along with Finland, were taken by Imperial Russia. In December 1917, during the turmoil of the Russian October Revolution, Finland declared its independence, but most of the Ålanders wished to rejoin Sweden. The Finnish government considered the islands to be a part of their new nation, as the Russians had included Åland in the Grand Duchy of Finland, formed in 1809. By 1920, the dispute had escalated to the point that there was danger of war. The British government referred the problem to the League's Council, but Finland would not let the League intervene, as they considered it an internal matter. The League created a small panel to decide if it should investigate the matter and, with an affirmative response, a neutral commission was created. In June 1921, the League announced its decision: the islands were to remain a part of Finland, but with guaranteed protection of the islanders, including demilitarisation. With Sweden's reluctant agreement, this became the first European international agreement concluded directly through the League. Title: Embassy of the United Kingdom, Beijing Passage: The Embassy of the United Kingdom in Beijing (or British Embassy, Beijing) is the chief diplomatic mission of the United Kingdom in the People's Republic of China. It is one of Britain's largest overseas embassies. It is located at "11 Guang Hua Lu", in the Chaoyang District. The current British Ambassador to China is Barbara Woodward. Title: Barbara Aland Passage: Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002. Title: Embassy of the Philippines, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of the Philippines in Washington, D.C. () is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the United States. It is located at 1600 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest, Washington, D.C. It predates the independence of the Philippines, and is the oldest Philippine legation overseas, though the distinction of the first Philippine embassy proper overseas, belongs to the Philippine Embassy in Tokyo. Title: Embassy of Australia, Washington, D.C. Passage: The Embassy of Australia in Washington, D.C. is the diplomatic mission of the Commonwealth of Australia to the United States. The chancery is located on Embassy Row at 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, at Scott Circle in Washington, D.C. Title: Embassy of France, Stockholm Passage: The Embassy of France in Stockholm is the diplomatic mission of the French Republic in Sweden. The chancery is located at Kommendörsgatan 13. Title: Florida Panthers Passage: The Florida Panthers are a professional ice hockey team based in the Miami metropolitan area. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The team's local broadcasting rights has been held by Fox Sports Florida (formerly SportsChannel Florida) since 1996. The team initially played their home games at Miami Arena, before moving to the BB&T Center in 1998. Located in Sunrise, Florida, the Panthers are the southernmost team in the NHL. Title: List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to France Passage: Traditionally, the Embassy to France has been the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in past centuries, diplomatic representation was lacking due to wars between the two countries and the Nazi occupation. Title: Pontus Segerström Passage: He died of a brain tumor, 76 days after his last Allsvenskan game for IF Brommapojkarna, which he played as the captain. Title: Carlos Banda (footballer, born 1978) Passage: He began coaching youth teams of IF Brommapojkarna and moved on to Stockholm rival Hammarby IF in 2003, to coach in Hammarby's youth organization. Title: Nigerian passport Passage: Nigerian passports can be applied for either at the physical location of the Nigeria Immigration Services, or by making submission through its website. Nigerians living in other countries may obtain passports through the nearest Nigerian embassy or consulate.	[ "League of Nations", "Carlos Banda (footballer, born 1978)", "Embassy of France, Stockholm", "Pontus Segerström" ]
How much was pledged by the country where the composer of Rock Lobster holds a citizenship?	$40 million	[]	Title: Victoria (Australia) Passage: Victoria is the centre of dairy farming in Australia. It is home to 60% of Australia's 3 million dairy cattle and produces nearly two-thirds of the nation's milk, almost 6.4 billion litres. The state also has 2.4 million beef cattle, with more than 2.2 million cattle and calves slaughtered each year. In 2003–04, Victorian commercial fishing crews and aquaculture industry produced 11,634 tonnes of seafood valued at nearly A$109 million. Blacklipped abalone is the mainstay of the catch, bringing in A$46 million, followed by southern rock lobster worth A$13.7 million. Most abalone and rock lobster is exported to Asia. Title: The Superions Passage: The Superions are an American comedy synthpop band formed in Orlando, Florida in 2006 as a side project of The B-52s frontman Fred Schneider with Noah Brodie and Dan Marshall. Title: Oxygen Passage: Oxygen is present in the atmosphere in trace quantities in the form of carbon dioxide (CO 2). The Earth's crustal rock is composed in large part of oxides of silicon (silica SiO 2, as found in granite and quartz), aluminium (aluminium oxide Al 2O 3, in bauxite and corundum), iron (iron(III) oxide Fe 2O 3, in hematite and rust), and calcium carbonate (in limestone). The rest of the Earth's crust is also made of oxygen compounds, in particular various complex silicates (in silicate minerals). The Earth's mantle, of much larger mass than the crust, is largely composed of silicates of magnesium and iron. Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance of the United States is an expression of allegiance to the Flag of the United States and the republic of the United States of America. It was originally composed by Captain George Thatcher Balch, a Union Army Officer during the Civil War and later a teacher of patriotism in New York City schools. The form of the pledge used today was largely devised by Francis Bellamy in 1892, and formally adopted by Congress as the pledge in 1942. The official name of The Pledge of Allegiance was adopted in 1945. The most recent alteration of its wording came on Flag Day in 1954, when the words ``under God ''were added. Title: Rock Lobster Passage: "Rock Lobster" is a song written by Fred Schneider and Ricky Wilson, two members of The B-52's. It was produced in two versions, one by DB Records released in April 1978, and a longer version, which was part of the band's 1979 self-titled debut album, released by Warner Bros. The song became one of their signature tunes and it helped launch the band's success. Title: Telman Ismailov Passage: Telman Mardanovich Ismailov (, ; born 26 October 1956) is an Azerbaijani-born businessman and entrepreneur of Mountain Jew origin. Since Azerbaijan does not allow dual citizenship, he holds Russian-Turkish citizenship. He is the chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies, which is active in many countries. Until 2009, Ismailov owned the Europe's then-largest marketplace, Cherkizovsky Market, located in Moscow, Russia. Title: Warsaw Pact Passage: The eight member countries of the Warsaw Pact pledged the mutual defense of any member who would be attacked. Relations among the treaty signatories were based upon mutual non-intervention in the internal affairs of the member countries, respect for national sovereignty, and political independence. However, almost all governments of those member states were indirectly controlled by the Soviet Union. Title: United Nations Environment Programme Passage: The need of the developing laws such as the International Labor Organization(ILO), the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO), and the World Health Organization(WHO), led to the 1972 U.N. Conference on Human Environment(the Stockholm Conference) to tackle the pollution caused by the industrial revolution during the 1960s and 1970s. In this conference, various topics including marine life, protection of resources, environment change, disasters related to nature, and biological change were discussed. This conference resulted in a Declaration on the Human Environment (Stockholm Declaration) and the establishment of an environmental management body, which later was named United Nations Environment Program(UNEP). UNEP was established by General Assembly Resolution 2997. Headquarters were established in Nairobi and Kenya with a staff of 300, including 100 professionals in a variety of fields, and with a five-year fund of more than US$100 million. At the time, US$40 million were pledged by The United States and the remainder by 50 other nations. The Voluntary Indicative Scale of Contribution (VISC) established in 2002 has the role to increase the supporters of the UNEP. The finances related to all programs of UNEP is voluntarily contributed by U.N. member states. The Environmental Fund, which all nations of UNEP invest in, is the core source of UNEP’ s programs. Between 1974 and 1986 UNEP produced more than 200 technical guidelines or manuals on environment including forest and water management, pest control, pollution monitoring, the relationship between chemical use and health, and management of industry. Title: Sympathy for the Lobster Passage: Sympathy for the Lobster () is a 2007 Italian mockumentary film written, directed and starred by Sabina Guzzanti. The film premiered out of competition at the 64th Venice International Film Festival. Title: Pledge of Allegiance Passage: The Pledge of Allegiance, as it exists in its current form, was composed in August 1892 by Francis Bellamy (1855 -- 1931), who was a Baptist minister, a Christian socialist, and the cousin of socialist utopian novelist Edward Bellamy (1850 -- 1898). There did exist a previous version created by Rear Admiral George Balch, a veteran of the Civil War, who later become auditor of the New York Board of Education. Balch's pledge, which existed contemporaneously with the Bellamy version until the 1923 National Flag Conference, read: Title: Myanmar Passage: The Rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the Burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as Burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in Burma for over three generations)—the Rohingya have been denied Burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. The law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. Citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as Kachin, Kayah (Karenni), Karen, Chin, Burman, Mon, Rakhine, Shan, Kaman, or Zerbadee. Associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in Myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. Naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of Burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in Burma prior to independence in 1948. The Burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel Rohingya and bring in non-Rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 Rohingya from Burma, while the Rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." But the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear. Title: Hep Stars Passage: The Hep Stars were a Swedish rock group, formed in 1963 in Stockholm. During 1965-66 the band was the most successful of contemporary 1960s Swedish pop groups performing in the English language. Outside The Nordic Countries the band is best known as a launching point for the keyboard player and composer Benny Andersson, who went on to enjoy worldwide success with ABBA.	[ "The Superions", "United Nations Environment Programme", "Rock Lobster" ]
What did the business that published Swapnote primarily rely on for its support?	first-party games	[]	Title: Veckans Affärer Passage: Veckans Affärer (, lit. "the week's business") is a Swedish business magazine published on a weekly basis in Stockholm, dealing in all business-related matters both within and outside Sweden. Title: Nintendo Entertainment System Passage: In the longer run, however, with the NES near its end of its life many third-party publishers such as Electronic Arts supported upstart competing consoles with less strict licensing terms such as the Sega Genesis and then the PlayStation, which eroded and then took over Nintendo's dominance in the home console market, respectively. Consoles from Nintendo's rivals in the post-SNES era had always enjoyed much stronger third-party support than Nintendo, which relied more heavily on first-party games. Title: Swapnote Passage: Swapnote, known as Nintendo Letter Box in PAL regions and in Japan, is a messaging application for the Nintendo 3DS family. "Swapnote" was released on December 21, 2011 in Japan and December 22, 2011 in Europe, Australia and North America via the Nintendo eShop. It can be downloaded at no additional cost and is pre-installed on newer systems. "Swapnote" is the successor to the PictoChat app for the Nintendo DS line. Title: Alec Forbes of Howglen Passage: Alec Forbes of Howglen is a novel by George MacDonald, first published in 1865 and is primarily concerned with Scottish country life. Title: John W. Snow Passage: From 1994 through 1996 he was Chairman of the Business Roundtable, a business policy group of 250 chief executive officers of the nation's largest companies, and played a major role in supporting passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement. Title: Buganda Agreement (1900) Passage: The agreement was signed by Buganda's Katikiro Sir Apolo Kagwa, on the behalf of the Kabaka (Daudi Chwa) who was at that time an infant, and Sir Harry Johnston on the behalf of the British colonial government. The agreement solidified the power of the largely Protestant 'Bakungu' client - chiefs, led by Kagwa. London sent only a few officials to administer the country, relying primarily on the Bakungu chiefs. For decades they were preferred because of their political skills, their Christianity, their friendly relations with the British, There are their ability to collect taxes, and the proximity of Entebbe (the Uganda capital) was close to the Buganda capital. By the 1920s the British administrators were more confident, and have less need for military or administrative support. Title: Crowd Rules Passage: Crowd Rules is an American competition/reality television series, created for and first telecast by the cable channel CNBC for its United States audience. On each episode, three small businesses appeal for the support of a studio audience "crowd" of 100. An audience vote at the end of each program determines which of the companies receives a $50,000 grant to support the growth of its business. Title: Northwestern University Passage: The Daily Northwestern is the main student newspaper. Established in 1881, and published on weekdays during the academic year, it is directed entirely by undergraduates. Although it serves the Northwestern community, the Daily has no business ties to the university, being supported wholly by advertisers. It is owned by the Students Publishing Company. North by Northwestern is an online undergraduate magazine, having been established in September 2006 by students at the Medill School of Journalism. Published on weekdays, it consists of updates on news stories and special events inserted throughout the day and on weekends. North by Northwestern also publishes a quarterly print magazine. Syllabus is the undergraduate yearbook. First published in 1885, the yearbook is an epitome of that year's events at Northwestern. Published by Students Publishing Company and edited by Northwestern students, it is distributed in late May. Northwestern Flipside is an undergraduate satirical magazine. Founded in 2009, The Flipside publishes a weekly issue both in print and online. Helicon is the university's undergraduate literary magazine. Started in 1979, it is published twice a year, a web issue in the Winter, and a print issue with a web complement in the Spring. The Protest is Northwestern's quarterly social justice magazine. The Northwestern division of Student Multicultural Affairs also supports publications such as NUAsian, a magazine and blog about Asian and Asian-American culture and the issues facing Asians and Asian-Americans, Ahora, a magazine about Hispanic and Latino/a culture and campus life, BlackBoard Magazine about African-American life, and Al Bayan published by the Northwestern Muslim-cultural Student Association. Title: Business Ethics: A European Review Passage: Business Ethics: A European Review is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by John Wiley & Sons covering business ethics. The editor-in-chief is Dima Jamali (American University of Beirut). Occasionally, the journal publishes special issues on particular interdisciplinary themes. Title: Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Passage: In computer networking, Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) is a tunneling protocol used to support virtual private networks (VPNs) or as part of the delivery of services by ISPs. It does not provide any encryption or confidentiality by itself. Rather, it relies on an encryption protocol that it passes within the tunnel to provide privacy. Title: New media Passage: Until the 1980s media relied primarily upon print and analog broadcast models, such as those of television and radio. The last twenty - five years have seen the rapid transformation into media which are predicated upon the use of digital technologies, such as the Internet and video games. However, these examples are only a small representation of new media. The use of digital computers has transformed the remaining 'old' media, as suggested by the advent of digital television and online publications. Even traditional media forms such as the printing press have been transformed through the application of technologies such as image manipulation software like Adobe Photoshop and desktop publishing tools. Title: Harvard Business School Passage: Harvard Business School (HBS) is the graduate business school of Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers a large full-time MBA program, doctoral programs, HBS Online and many executive education programs. It owns Harvard Business Publishing, which publishes business books, leadership articles, online management tools for corporate learning, case studies and the monthly "Harvard Business Review". It is home to the Baker Library/Bloomberg Center.	[ "Swapnote", "Nintendo Entertainment System" ]
When did people from the country that promised aid to Mysore to fight the British come to the region where Andy sailed in The Office?	1625	[]	Title: Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations Passage: The Directorate - General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO), formerly known as the European Community Humanitarian Aid Office, is the European Commission's department for overseas humanitarian aid and for civil protection. Title: Promise Me, Love Passage: "Promise Me, Love" is a song written by Kay Thompson and performed by Andy Williams. The song reached #17 on the "Billboard" chart in 1958. Archie Bleyer's Orchestra played on the song. Title: The Salvation Army Passage: The organisation reports a worldwide membership of over 1.7 million, consisting of soldiers, officers and adherents collectively known as Salvationists. Its founders sought to bring salvation to the poor, destitute, and hungry by meeting both their ``physical and spiritual needs ''. It is present in 131 countries, running charity shops, operating shelters for the homeless and disaster relief and humanitarian aid to developing countries. Title: Soccer Aid Passage: Soccer Aid is a biennial British charity event that has raised over £20 million in aid of UNICEF UK, through ticket sales and donations from the public. The event is a friendly - style football match between two teams, England and the Soccer Aid World Eleven (WXI) (formerly Rest of the World (ROW) until 2018), composed of celebrities and former professional players representing their countries. Soccer Aid was initiated by Robbie Williams and Jonathan Wilkes. Title: Hercules Robert Pakenham Passage: Lieutenant-General Sir Hercules Robert Pakenham (29 September 1781 – 7 March 1850) was a British Army officer who served as aide-de-camp to William IV of the United Kingdom. Title: French West Indies Passage: Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc was a French trader and adventurer in the Caribbean, who established the first permanent French colony, Saint - Pierre, on the island of Martinique in 1635. Belain sailed to the Caribbean in 1625, hoping to establish a French settlement on the island of St. Christopher (St. Kitts). In 1626 he returned to France, where he won the support of Cardinal Richelieu to establish French colonies in the region. Richelieu became a shareholder in the Compagnie de Saint - Christophe, created to accomplish this with d'Esnambuc at its head. The company was not particularly successful and Richelieu had it reorganized as the Compagnie des Îles de l'Amérique. In 1635 d'Esnambuc sailed to Martinique with one hundred French settlers to clear land for sugarcane plantations. Title: William Harwar Parker Passage: William Harwar Parker (October 8, 1826 – December 30, 1896) was an officer in the United States Navy and later in the Confederate States Navy. His autobiography, entitled "Recollections of a Naval Officer 1841–1865", provides a unique insight into the United States Navy of the mid-19th century during an era when the Age of Sail was coming to an end and the advent of steam power and ironclads was beginning. Title: The Boat (The Office) Passage: Andy Bernard (Ed Helms) learns that his father took all the family money and fled to Argentina with his mistress. Left to pick up the pieces, Andy sells off family heirlooms, and is upset that he has to sell the family boat for lack of any other means for his mother to support herself. Erin Hannon (Ellie Kemper) convinces him that before he sells the boat, they should take it out for one last sunset cruise, and they drive to Stamford, Connecticut, where the boat is docked. Andy starts to hoist the main sail, but is stopped by a broker who is to sail it to the Caribbean for the buyer. With Erin's encouragement, Andy decides to take the boat to the Caribbean himself. He then finds his drunken brother Walter (Josh Groban) passed out in the liquor closet. Walter comes to and tells Andy he wanted to get the first relapse out of the way before checking into rehab. Andy invites him on the trip, saying they both need family time together and leaves, thanking Erin for her encouragement. Erin says to the camera that she would have loved to go with him if he asked. Back in the office that evening, Pete Miller (Jake Lacy) asks Erin to join him for drinks, and she accepts. Title: United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest Passage: The United Kingdom has finished last in three contests. Jemini's infamous 2003 ``nul points ''result was the first time that the country had come last in the contest, something that was then repeated in 2008 with Andy Abraham, who received 14 points and in 2010 with Josh Dubovie, who received 10 points. In 2016, the UK failed to reach the top 10 for the seventh consecutive time, with the duo Joe and Jake finishing 24th. In 2017, the UK improved on their result by coming 15th with Lucie Jones, their best result in the contest since Blue in 2011. Title: History of India Passage: There were several other kingdoms which ruled over parts of India in the later medieval period prior to the British occupation. However, most of them were bound to pay regular tribute to the Marathas. The rule of Wodeyar dynasty which established the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India in around 1400 CE by was interrupted by Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan in the later half of the 18th century. Under their rule, Mysore fought a series of wars sometimes against the combined forces of the British and Marathas, but mostly against the British, with Mysore receiving some aid or promise of aid from the French. Title: OPEC Fund for International Development Passage: Special Health Program: Since 2002, OFID has been an active partner in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, but this focus has now shifted to incorporate other preventable diseases, including TB, malaria and waterborne illnesses. Also targeted are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease, which are more prevalent in poor developing countries. Title: Gerald Ford Passage: As North Vietnamese forces advanced, Ford requested Congress approve a $722 million aid package for South Vietnam, funds that had been promised by the Nixon administration. Congress voted against the proposal by a wide margin. Senator Jacob K. Javits offered ``... large sums for evacuation, but not one nickel for military aid ''. President Thieu resigned on April 21, 1975, publicly blaming the lack of support from the United States for the fall of his country. Two days later, on April 23, Ford gave a speech at Tulane University. In that speech, he announced that the Vietnam War was over``... as far as America is concerned''. The announcement was met with thunderous applause.	[ "The Boat (The Office)", "History of India", "French West Indies" ]
When was the oldest serving President of the country where 300 new cases of SJS are found each year elected?	1980	[]	Title: Federal government of the United States Passage: The executive power in the federal government is vested in the President of the United States, although power is often delegated to the Cabinet members and other officials. The president and vice president are elected as running mates by the Electoral College, for which each state, as well as the District of Columbia, is allocated a number of seats based on its representation (or ostensible representation, in the case of D.C.) in both houses of Congress. The president is limited to a maximum of two four - year terms. If the president has already served two years or more of a term to which some other person was elected, he or she may only serve one more additional four - year term. Title: Vice President of Liberia Passage: The Vice President of the Republic of Liberia is the second - highest executive official in Liberia, and one of only two elected executive offices along with the President. The Vice President is elected on the same ticket with the president to a six - year term. In the event of the death, resignation or removal of the president, the Vice President ascends to the presidency, which he or she holds for the remainder of their predecessor's term. The Vice President also serves as the President of the Senate and may cast a vote in the event of a tie. The current Vice President is Jewel Taylor, serving under President George Weah. Title: Dwight D. Eisenhower Passage: Eisenhower was the last president born in the 19th century, and at age 62, was the oldest man elected President since James Buchanan in 1856 (President Truman stood at 64 in 1948 as the incumbent president at the time of his election four years earlier). Eisenhower was the only general to serve as President in the 20th century and the most recent President to have never held elected office prior to the Presidency (The other Presidents who did not have prior elected office were Zachary Taylor, Ulysses S. Grant, William Howard Taft and Herbert Hoover). Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V.V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President. The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007. As of November 2017, Ram Nath Kovind is the President of India who was elected on 25 July 2017. Title: History of Russia Passage: U.S.–Soviet relations deteriorated following the beginning of the nine-year Soviet–Afghan War in 1979 and the 1980 election of Ronald Reagan, a staunch anti-communist, but improved as the communist bloc started to unravel in the late 1980s. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia lost the superpower status that it had won in the Second World War. Title: Stevens–Johnson syndrome Passage: SJS is a rare condition, with a reported incidence of around 2.6 to 6.1 cases per million people per year. In the United States, about 300 new diagnoses are made each year. The condition is more common in adults than in children. Title: Saint Barthélemy Passage: On 7 February 2007, the French Parliament passed a bill granting COM status to both St. Barthélemy and (separately) to the neighbouring Saint Martin. The new status took effect on 15 July 2007, when the first territorial council was elected, according to the law. The island has a president (elected every five years), a unicameral Territorial Council of nineteen members who are elected by popular vote and serve for five-year terms, and an executive council of seven members. Elections to these councils were first held on 1 July 2007 with the last election in March 2012. Title: Greece Passage: Legislative powers are exercised by a 300-member elective unicameral Parliament. Statutes passed by the Parliament are promulgated by the President of the Republic. Parliamentary elections are held every four years, but the President of the Republic is obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier on the proposal of the Cabinet, in view of dealing with a national issue of exceptional importance. The President is also obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier, if the opposition manages to pass a motion of no confidence. Title: Joseph Rakowski Passage: Joseph Rakowski is an American Democratic Party politician who served as Acting Mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey. He became acting mayor when he was elected to serve as City Council President of Jersey City. Rakowski was the third person to hold the office in the same year. Title: Mali Passage: The president serves as a chief of state and commander in chief of the armed forces. A prime minister appointed by the president serves as head of government and in turn appoints the Council of Ministers. The unicameral National Assembly is Mali's sole legislative body, consisting of deputies elected to five-year terms. Following the 2007 elections, the Alliance for Democracy and Progress held 113 of 160 seats in the assembly. The assembly holds two regular sessions each year, during which it debates and votes on legislation that has been submitted by a member or by the government. Title: List of presidents of the United States by age Passage: The median age upon accession to the presidency is 55 years and 3 months. This is how old Lyndon B. Johnson was at the time of his inauguration. The youngest person to assume the office was Theodore Roosevelt, who became president at the age of 42 years, 322 days, following William McKinley's assassination; the oldest was Donald Trump, who was 70 years, 220 days old at his inauguration. The youngest person to be elected president was John F. Kennedy, at 43 years, 163 days of age on election day; the oldest was Ronald Reagan, who was 73 years, 274 days old at the time of his election to a second term. Title: List of presidents of India Passage: Seven presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became president, he was born in Anantapur District (now Andhra Pradesh). Two presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their vice-presidents functioned as acting president until a new president was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting presidents held office until the new president, V.V. Giri, was elected. Varahagiri Venkata Giri himself, Zakir Husain's vice president, was the first acting president. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting president. The 12th president, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.	[ "History of Russia", "List of presidents of the United States by age", "Stevens–Johnson syndrome" ]
When will the next edition of the event which was the first HDTV broadcast in Europe be held?	2022	[]	Title: High-definition television Passage: These first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe. Title: High-definition television Passage: In addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS). Japan remained the only country with successful public broadcasting of analog HDTV, with seven broadcasters sharing a single channel. Title: 2015 Volta a Portugal Passage: The 2015 Volta a Portugal was a men's road bicycle race held from 29 July to 9 August 2015. It is the 77th edition of the men's stage race to be held, which was established in 1927. As part of the 2015 UCI Europe Tour, it is rated as a 2.1 event. Title: Tour Alsace Passage: The Tour Alsace (or Tour d'Alsace) is a 6-day road bicycle race held annually in Alsace, France. It was first held in 2004 and it is a 2.2 rated event on the UCI Europe Tour. Title: Esperanto Passage: After some ten years of development, which Zamenhof spent translating literature into Esperanto as well as writing original prose and verse, the first book of Esperanto grammar was published in Warsaw on July 26, 1887. The number of speakers grew rapidly over the next few decades, at first primarily in the Russian Empire and Central Europe, then in other parts of Europe, the Americas, China, and Japan. In the early years, speakers of Esperanto kept in contact primarily through correspondence and periodicals, but in 1905 the first World Congress of Esperanto speakers was held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France. Since then world congresses have been held in different countries every year, except during the two World Wars. Since the Second World War, they have been attended by an average of more than 2000 people and up to 6000 people. Title: High-definition television Passage: The first HDTV transmissions in Europe, albeit not direct-to-home, began in 1990, when the Italian broadcaster RAI used the HD-MAC and MUSE HDTV technologies to broadcast the 1990 FIFA World Cup. The matches were shown in 8 cinemas in Italy and 2 in Spain. The connection with Spain was made via the Olympus satellite link from Rome to Barcelona and then with a fiber optic connection from Barcelona to Madrid. After some HDTV transmissions in Europe the standard was abandoned in the mid-1990s. Title: Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres team race Passage: The men's 3000 metres team race was a track and field athletics event held as part of the athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of a team race style event, though the first to be held at the distance of 3000 metres, which became the standard until the event was eliminated following the 1924 Summer Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 12, 1912 and on Saturday, July 13, 1912. Title: Under the Dome (novel) Passage: In January 2008, Time magazine quoted King as saying he would ``be killing a lot of trees ''with his next novel. The first draft was completed in late August 2008, with the manuscript weighing 19 lb (8.6 kg). King has stated the novel is twice as long as his most recent, Duma Key, at`` over 1,500 pages in manuscript'', and ``deals with some of the same issues that The Stand does, but in a more allegorical way ''. King also described the novel as`` very, very long'', adding: ``I tried this once before when I was a lot younger and the project was just too big for me. ''King read from the first draft at`` The Three Kings'' reading event that was held on April 4, 2008 at the Library of Congress, which was broadcast by C - SPAN as part of their Book TV series on May 4, 2008. Title: GP Betonexpressz 2000 Passage: The GP Betonexpressz 2000 is a European bicycle race held in the Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County, Hungary. Since 2009, the race has been organised as a 1.2 event on the UCI Europe Tour. Title: High-definition television Passage: Despite delays in some countries, the number of European HD channels and viewers has risen steadily since the first HDTV broadcasts, with SES's annual Satellite Monitor market survey for 2010 reporting more than 200 commercial channels broadcasting in HD from Astra satellites, 185 million HD capable TVs sold in Europe (£60 million in 2010 alone), and 20 million households (27% of all European digital satellite TV homes) watching HD satellite broadcasts (16 million via Astra satellites). Title: High-definition television Passage: Euro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of "no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ..." and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe. The HD1 channel was initially free-to-air and mainly comprised sporting, dramatic, musical and other cultural events broadcast with a multi-lingual soundtrack on a rolling schedule of 4 or 5 hours per day. Title: 2018 FIFA World Cup Passage: On 3 June 2015, the FBI confirmed that the federal authorities were investigating the bidding and awarding processes for the 2018 and 2022 World Cups. In an interview published on 7 June 2015, Domenico Scala, the head of FIFA's Audit And Compliance Committee, stated that ``should there be evidence that the awards to Qatar and Russia came only because of bought votes, then the awards could be cancelled ''. Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and former British Prime Minister David Cameron attended a meeting with FIFA vice-president Chung Mong - joon in which a vote - trading deal for the right to host the 2018 World Cup in England was discussed.	[ "High-definition television", "2018 FIFA World Cup" ]
How many households were there in the town WPUR is licensed in during the 2010 US Census?	15,504	[]	Title: Seneca, New York Passage: Seneca is a town in Ontario County, New York, United States. United States. The population was 2,721 at the 2010 census. The town is named after a group of local natives. Title: Lantana, Florida Passage: Lantana is a town in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The population was 10,423 at the 2010 United States Census. Title: Cheraw, Colorado Passage: The Town of Cheraw is a Statutory Town in Otero County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 252 at the 2010 United States Census. Title: Buckhead, Georgia Passage: Buckhead is a town in Morgan County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a total population of 171. Title: Ehrhardt, South Carolina Passage: Ehrhardt is a town in Bamberg County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 545. Title: Foss, Oklahoma Passage: Foss is a town in Washita County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 151, an 18.9 percent increase from 127 at the 2000 census. Title: Tabiona, Utah Passage: Tabiona ( ) is a town in Duchesne County, Utah, United States. The population was 171 at the 2010 United States Census. Title: Hallwood, Virginia Passage: Hallwood is a town in Accomack County, Virginia, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 206. Title: Flagler, Colorado Passage: The Town of Flagler is a Statutory Town in Kit Carson County, Colorado, United States. The population was 561 at the 2010 census. Title: Atlantic City, New Jersey Passage: There were 15,504 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.9% were married couples living together, 22.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.34. Title: WPUR Passage: WPUR (107.3 FM) is a country music formatted radio station in Atlantic City, New Jersey. WPUR is more commonly known as "Cat Country 107.3". Its transmitter is located in Atlantic City, while studios are in Northfield, New Jersey. Title: Lyerly, Georgia Passage: Lyerly is a town in Chattooga County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 540.	[ "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "WPUR" ]
When did compulsory national service end in the area that follows the country where government phonology is popular?	31 December 1960	[]	Title: Boys' Brigade Gazette Passage: The Boys' Brigade Gazette is a quarterly magazine printed regularly since 1889 in the United Kingdom for the officers and leaders of the Battalions and Companies of the Boy's Brigade in the UK and Ireland. Title: Multiculturalism in Australia Passage: Following the initial moves of the Whitlam Labor government in 1973, further official national multicultural policies were implemented by Fraser's Conservative Coalition government in 1978. The Labor Government of Bob Hawke continued with these policies during the 1980s and early 1990s, and were further supported by Paul Keating up to his electoral defeat 1996. CALD (or Culturally and Linguistually Diverse) policies continue to be implemented at all levels of government and public service, such as medical support systems which cater specifically to non-English speaking residents. Title: Rule of law Passage: The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by arbitrary decisions of individual government officials. It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society, particularly as a constraint upon behaviour, including behaviour of government officials. The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain, and in the following century the Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings. The rule of law was further popularized in the 19th century by British jurist A. V. Dicey. The concept, if not the phrase, was familiar to ancient philosophers such as Aristotle, who wrote "Law should govern". Title: Phonology Passage: Broadly speaking, government phonology (or its descendant, strict-CV phonology) has a greater following in the United Kingdom, whereas optimality theory is predominant in the United States.[citation needed] Title: Phonology Passage: Natural phonology is a theory based on the publications of its proponent David Stampe in 1969 and (more explicitly) in 1979. In this view, phonology is based on a set of universal phonological processes that interact with one another; which ones are active and which are suppressed is language-specific. Rather than acting on segments, phonological processes act on distinctive features within prosodic groups. Prosodic groups can be as small as a part of a syllable or as large as an entire utterance. Phonological processes are unordered with respect to each other and apply simultaneously (though the output of one process may be the input to another). The second most prominent natural phonologist is Patricia Donegan (Stampe's wife); there are many natural phonologists in Europe, and a few in the U.S., such as Geoffrey Nathan. The principles of natural phonology were extended to morphology by Wolfgang U. Dressler, who founded natural morphology. Title: Superannuation in Australia Passage: Superannuation funds are principally regulated under the Superannuation Industry (Supervision) Act 1993 and the Financial Services Reform Act 2002. Compulsory employer contributions are regulated via the Superannuation Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 Title: Phonology Passage: Government phonology, which originated in the early 1980s as an attempt to unify theoretical notions of syntactic and phonological structures, is based on the notion that all languages necessarily follow a small set of principles and vary according to their selection of certain binary parameters. That is, all languages' phonological structures are essentially the same, but there is restricted variation that accounts for differences in surface realizations. Principles are held to be inviolable, though parameters may sometimes come into conflict. Prominent figures in this field include Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, Monik Charette, and John Harris. Title: Seat belt legislation Passage: In the UK, a requirement for anchorage points was introduced in 1965, followed by the requirement in 1968 to fit three - point belts in the front outboard positions on all new cars and all existing cars back to 1965. Successive UK Governments proposed, but failed to deliver, seat belt legislation throughout the 1970s. Front seat belts were compulsory equipment on all new cars registered in the UK from 1972, although it did not become compulsory for them to be worn until 1983. Rear seat belts were compulsory equipment from 1986 and became compulsory for them to be worn in 1991. However, it has never been a legal requirement for cars registered before those dates to be fitted with seat belts. In one such attempt in 1979 similar claims for potential lives and injuries saved were advanced. William Rodgers, then Secretary of State for Transport in the Callaghan Labour Government (1976 -- 1979), stated: ``On the best available evidence of accidents in this country - evidence which has not been seriously contested - compulsion could save up to 1000 lives and 10,000 injuries a year. '' Title: Conscription in the United Kingdom Passage: National Service ended gradually from 1957. It was decided that those born on or after 1 October 1939 would not be required, but conscription continued for those born earlier whose call - up had been delayed for any reason. In November 1960 the last men entered service, as call - ups formally ended on 31 December 1960, and the last National Servicemen left the armed forces in May 1963. Title: Conscription in South Korea Passage: Conscription in South Korea has existed since 1957 and requires male citizens between the ages of 18 and 35 to perform about two years of compulsory military service. Women are not required to perform military service, but may voluntarily enlist. Title: Franco-Prussian War Passage: When the news arrived at Paris of the surrender at Sedan of Napoleon III and 80,000 men, the Second Empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in Paris, which forced the proclamation of a Provisional Government and a Third Republic by general Trochu, Favre and Gambetta at Paris on 4 September, the new government calling itself the Government of National Defence. After the German victory at Sedan, most of the French standing army was either besieged in Metz or prisoner of the Germans, who hoped for an armistice and an end to the war. Bismarck wanted an early peace but had difficulty in finding a legitimate French authority with which to negotiate. The Government of National Defence had no electoral mandate, the Emperor was a captive and the Empress in exile but there had been no abdication de jure and the army was still bound by an oath of allegiance to the defunct imperial régime. Title: Phonology Passage: In 1976 John Goldsmith introduced autosegmental phonology. Phonological phenomena are no longer seen as operating on one linear sequence of segments, called phonemes or feature combinations, but rather as involving some parallel sequences of features which reside on multiple tiers. Autosegmental phonology later evolved into feature geometry, which became the standard theory of representation for theories of the organization of phonology as different as lexical phonology and optimality theory.	[ "Phonology", "Conscription in the United Kingdom", "Boys' Brigade Gazette" ]
Where is the region where Puig d'Ombriaga is located?	Iberian Peninsula	[ "Iberia" ]	Title: Henichesk Raion Passage: Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population: Title: Territory of Papua Passage: In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975. Title: Shire of Isisford Passage: The Shire of Isisford was a local government area located in central western Queensland, between the towns of Longreach and Blackall. It covered an area of , and existed as a local government entity from 1908 until 2008, when it amalgamated with the Shires of Ilfracombe and Longreach to form the Longreach Region. Title: Wardville, Oklahoma Passage: Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007. Title: Kingston Powerhouse Passage: The Kingston Powerhouse is a disused power plant in Canberra, the capital of Australia. It is located in the suburb of Kingston, Australian Capital Territory. Title: Shire of Kerang Passage: The Shire of Kerang was a local government area located in northwestern Victoria, Australia, along the Murray River. The shire covered an area of , and existed from 1862 until 1995. From 1966 onwards, Kerang itself was managed by a separate entity; the Borough of Kerang. Title: Catalan language Passage: Catalan shares many traits with its neighboring Romance languages. However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan differs more from Iberian Romance (such as Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar than from Gallo-Romance (Occitan, French, Gallo-Italic languages, etc.). These similarities are most notable with Occitan. Title: Bogotá Passage: Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country. Title: Puig d'Ombriaga Passage: Puig d'Ombriaga is a mountain of Catalonia, Spain. Located in the Pyrenees, it has an elevation of 2,638 metres above sea level. Title: Puig (company) Passage: The Puig family has always been strongly linked to the sailing world, especially in the figure of the late Enrique Puig, director of the company, president of the Salón Náutico and the Royal Barcelona Yacht Club. The company was the sponsor of the Copa del Rey de Vela from 1984 to 2006.Puig was the shipowner and sponsor of the sailing «Azur de Puig». This boat participated in the most important sailing events worldwide. One of the usual crew of the sailboat was the Infanta Cristina, youngest daughter of King Juan Carlos I.Since 2008, in collaboration with the Royal Barcelona Yacht Club, the company boosts and sponsors the "Puig Vela Clàssica" race, which is held in Barcelona waters in July every year. The main feature of this race is that it is reserved for traditional and classical boats only. This regatta is one of the main classical sailboats races of all those celebrated worldwide. Title: Puig de Randa Passage: Puig de Randa is a mountain in the island of Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. It is included in the municipal territory of Algaida, and, on its top, is home to the Sanctuary of Cura. Title: Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert Passage: The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.	[ "Catalan language", "Puig d'Ombriaga" ]
When were the mosaics at the church in the birthplace of Kostas Louboutis created?	5th–6th centuries	[ "6th century", "6th-century" ]	Title: Mosaic Passage: The monastic communities of the Judean Desert also decorated their monasteries with mosaic floors. The Monastery of Martyrius was founded in the end of the 5th century and it was re-discovered in 1982–85. The most important work of art here is the intact geometric mosaic floor of the refectory although the severely damaged church floor was similarly rich. The mosaics in the church of the nearby Monastery of Euthymius are of later date (discovered in 1930). They were laid down in the Umayyad era, after a devastating earthquake in 659. Two six pointed stars and a red chalice are the most important surviving features. Title: Mosaic Passage: Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries. Title: Mosaic Passage: In the Iconoclastic era, figural mosaics were also condemned as idolatry. The Iconoclastic churches were embellished with plain gold mosaics with only one great cross in the apse like the Hagia Irene in Constantinople (after 740). There were similar crosses in the apses of the Hagia Sophia Church in Thessaloniki and in the Church of the Dormition in Nicaea. The crosses were substituted with the image of the Theotokos in both churches after the victory of the Iconodules (787–797 and in 8th–9th centuries respectively, the Dormition church was totally destroyed in 1922). Title: Mosaic Passage: In Rome, Nero and his architects used mosaics to cover some surfaces of walls and ceilings in the Domus Aurea, built 64 AD, and wall mosaics are also found at Pompeii and neighbouring sites. However it seems that it was not until the Christian era that figural wall mosaics became a major form of artistic expression. The Roman church of Santa Costanza, which served as a mausoleum for one or more of the Imperial family, has both religious mosaic and decorative secular ceiling mosaics on a round vault, which probably represent the style of contemporary palace decoration. Title: Mosaic Passage: Important fragments survived from the mosaic floor of the Great Palace of Constantinople which was commissioned during Justinian's reign. The figures, animals, plants all are entirely classical but they are scattered before a plain background. The portrait of a moustached man, probably a Gothic chieftain, is considered the most important surviving mosaic of the Justinianian age. The so-called small sekreton of the palace was built during Justin II's reign around 565–577. Some fragments survive from the mosaics of this vaulted room. The vine scroll motifs are very similar to those in the Santa Constanza and they still closely follow the Classical tradition. There are remains of floral decoration in the Church of the Acheiropoietos in Thessaloniki (5th–6th centuries). Title: Sierpiński triangle Passage: Wacław Sierpiński described the Sierpinski triangle in 1915. However, similar patterns appear already in the 13th-century Cosmati mosaics in the cathedral of Anagni, Italy, and other places of central Italy, for carpets in many places such as the nave of the Roman Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, and for isolated triangles positioned in rotae in several churches and basilicas. In the case of the isolated triangle, the iteration is at least of three levels. Title: Mosaic Passage: In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s. Title: Mosaic Passage: The heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the influence of Western European and Islamic artistic tendencies. Best examples of Sicilian mosaic art are the Cappella Palatina of Roger II, the Martorana church in Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale. Title: Mosaic Passage: In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a "masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii." Title: Mosaic Passage: Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s. Title: Mosaic Passage: The greatest mosaic work of the Palaeologan renaissance in art is the decoration of the Chora Church in Constantinople. Although the mosaics of the naos have not survived except three panels, the decoration of the exonarthex and the esonarthex constitute the most important full-scale mosaic cycle in Constantinople after the Hagia Sophia. They were executed around 1320 by the command of Theodore Metochites. The esonarthex has two fluted domes, specially created to provide the ideal setting for the mosaic images of the ancestors of Christ. The southern one is called the Dome of the Pantokrator while the northern one is the Dome of the Theotokos. The most important panel of the esonarthex depicts Theodore Metochites wearing a huge turban, offering the model of the church to Christ. The walls of both narthexes are decorated with mosaic cycles from the life of the Virgin and the life of Christ. These panels show the influence of the Italian trecento on Byzantine art especially the more natural settings, landscapes, figures. Title: Kostas Louboutis Passage: Konstantinos Louboutis (; born 10 June 1979 in Thessaloniki) is a Greek footballer. He was a defender who played as a fullback on the left side of the pitch.	[ "Mosaic", "Kostas Louboutis" ]
Where did the quarterback for Ernie Thompson's team go to college?	Texas Tech	[ "Texas" ]	Title: Patrick Mahomes Passage: Patrick Lavon Mahomes II (born September 17, 1995) is an American football quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas Tech, and was drafted by the Chiefs with the tenth overall pick in the 2017 NFL Draft. Mahomes is the son of former MLB pitcher Pat Mahomes. Title: U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present) Passage: The protests began in the National Football League (NFL) after San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick sat and later kneeled during the anthem, as opposed to the tradition of standing, before his team's preseason games of 2016. Throughout the 2016 season, members of various NFL and other sports teams have engaged in similar silent protests. On September 24, 2017, the NFL protests became more widespread when over 200 players sat or kneeled in response to Donald Trump's calling for owners to fire the protesting players. Title: Chris Bohjalian Passage: Chris Bohjalian graduated from Amherst College Summa Cum Laude, where he was a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society. In the mid-1980s, he worked as an account representative for J. Walter Thompson, an ad agency, in New York. He moved with his wife to Lincoln, Vermont, in 1988. Title: Peyton Manning Passage: Peyton Williams Manning (born March 24, 1976) is a former American football quarterback who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the Indianapolis Colts. Considered to be one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time due to his numerous career achievements, he spent 14 seasons with the Colts and was a member of the Denver Broncos in his last four seasons. Manning played college football for the University of Tennessee, leading the Tennessee Volunteers to the 1997 SEC Championship in his senior season. He is the second son of former NFL quarterback Archie Manning and older brother of New York Giants quarterback Eli Manning. Title: Jarrett Brown Passage: Jarrett Brown (born January 23, 1987) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at West Virginia, and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent following the 2010 NFL Draft. He served as the starting quarterback for the West Virginia Mountaineers at West Virginia University during the 2009 season after three seasons as the backup to Pat White. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Indianapolis Colts, BC Lions and Spokane Shock. In 2019, he signed with the West Virginia Roughriders. Title: Ted Thompson Passage: Thompson played college football at Southern Methodist University, starting three years at linebacker and intercepting seven passes during his career. During his senior year, he served as a team captain and was also the team's placekicker. Title: The Harlem Globetrotters (film) Passage: The Harlem Globetrotters is a 1951 Sport/Drama film about the famous African American basketball team The Harlem Globetrotters released by Columbia Pictures. The film stars Thomas Gomez, Bill Walker, Dorothy Dandridge, Angela Clarke, and Peter M. Thompson. Title: Hanna Thompson Passage: Hanna Thompson (born November 1, 1983 in Rochester, New York) is an American foil fencer who is a member of the 2008 Olympics U.S. Women's foil team, which won the silver medal. Title: Seneca Wallace Passage: Seneca Sinclair Wallace (born August 6, 1980) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Iowa State. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers and Green Bay Packers. Title: Canadian football Passage: On the field at the beginning of a play are two teams of 12 (unlike 11 in American football). The team in possession of the ball is the offence and the team defending is referred to as the defence. Play begins with a backwards pass through the legs (the snap) by a member of the offensive team, to another member of the offensive team. This is usually the quarterback or punter, but a "direct snap" to a running back is also not uncommon. If the quarterback or punter receives the ball, he may then do any of the following: Title: Luke Thompson (rugby union) Passage: Thompson obtained Japanese citizenship in July 2011 after 7 years in Japan, and is well settled. His sister Anna Thompson is a member of the New Zealand national netball team, the Silver Ferns. Title: Ernie Thompson (American football) Passage: Ernie Thompson is a retired American football player in the National Football League who played running back for the Los Angeles Rams in 1991 and for the Kansas City Chiefs in 1993.	[ "Ernie Thompson (American football)", "Patrick Mahomes" ]
how many Smithsonian museums are there in the location where the person who took the U.S. off the gold standard worked?	Seventeen	[]	Title: The Ideal Scout Passage: The Ideal Scout, also known as The Boy Scout, is the most famous work by Canadian sculptor R. Tait McKenzie (1867–1938). The original statue stood in front of the Cradle of Liberty Council at 22nd and Winter Streets in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, from 1937 to 2013. Replicas can be found at Boy Scouts of America councils across the United States, as well as at Gilwell Park in London, England, and at Scouts Canada's national office in Ottawa. The Smithsonian American Art Museum's database lists 18 copies. Title: Gold standard Passage: In the 1780s, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Morris and Alexander Hamilton recommended to Congress the value of a decimal system. This system would also apply to monies in the United States. The question was what type of standard: gold, silver or both. The United States adopted a silver standard based on the Spanish milled dollar in 1785. Title: National Postal Museum Passage: The National Postal Museum, located opposite Union Station in Washington, D.C., United States, was established through joint agreement between the United States Postal Service and the Smithsonian Institution and opened in 1993. Title: Gold standard Passage: The gold specie standard ended in the United Kingdom and the rest of the British Empire at the outbreak of World War I, when Treasury notes replaced the circulation of gold sovereigns and gold half sovereigns. Legally, the gold specie standard was not repealed. The end of the gold standard was successfully effected by the Bank of England through appeals to patriotism urging citizens not to redeem paper money for gold specie. It was only in 1925, when Britain returned to the gold standard in conjunction with Australia and South Africa that the gold specie standard was officially ended. Title: Star-Spangled Banner (flag) Passage: The flag that flew during that episode in history became a significant artifact. It remained in the possession of Major Armistead, who was promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel, and his family for many years. Eben Appleton, Colonel Armistead's grandson, inherited the flag in 1878. In 1907, he lent it to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 it was made a formal gift. Today it is permanently housed in the National Museum of American History, one of the Smithsonian Institution museums on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. The flag was given to the museum in 1912, and has undergone multiple restoration efforts after being originally restored by Amelia Fowler in 1914. Title: Silver standard Passage: In 1704, following Queen Anne's proclamation, the British West Indies became one of the first regions to adopt a gold standard in conjunction with the Spanish gold doubloon coin. In 1717, the master of the Royal Mint, Sir Isaac Newton, introduced a new mint ratio as between silver and gold, and this had the effect of putting Britain onto a de facto gold standard. Following the Napoleonic Wars, the United Kingdom introduced the gold sovereign coin and formally adopted a gold standard in 1821. At the same time, revolutions in Latin America interrupted the supply of silver dollars (pieces of eight) that were being produced at the mints in Potosi, Mexico, and Lima, Peru. The British gold standard initially extended to some of the British colonies, including the Australasian and Southern African colonies, but not to its North American colonies, British India, or to Southeast Asia. The Province of Canada adopted a gold standard in 1853, as did Newfoundland in 1865. In 1873, Imperial Germany changed over to the gold standard in conjunction with the new gold mark coin. The United States changed over to gold de facto in the same year, and over the next 35 years, all other nations changed to gold, leaving only China and the British colonies of Hong Kong and Weihaiwei on the silver standard. The silver standard finally came to an end when it was abandoned by China and Hong Kong in 1935. Title: History of the United States dollar Passage: The discovery of large silver deposits in the Western United States in the late 19th century created a political controversy. Due to the large influx of silver, the value of silver in the nation's coinage dropped precipitously. On one side were agrarian interests such as the United States Greenback Party that wanted to retain the bimetallic standard in order to inflate the dollar, which would allow farmers to more easily repay their debts. On the other side were Eastern banking and commercial interests, who advocated sound money and a switch to the gold standard. This issue split the Democratic Party in 1896. It led to the famous ``cross of gold ''speech given by William Jennings Bryan, and may have inspired many of the themes in The Wizard of Oz. Despite the controversy, the status of silver was slowly diminished through a series of legislative changes from 1873 to 1900, when a gold standard was formally adopted. The gold standard survived, with several modifications, until 1971. Title: Angelo Lano Passage: Angelo J. Lano was an American field agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Washington DC, notable for his work heading the investigation of, and appearing as a witness for, the Watergate scandal surrounding President Richard M. Nixon. Lano was one of a number of FBI agents who was falsely accused as a source of information for Carl Bernstein and the "Washington Post" during the investigation, which helped shift White House suspicions away from Mark Felt, who was revealed as informant Deep Throat on May 31, 2005. Title: Gold standard Passage: Starting in the 1959 -- 1969 administration of President Charles de Gaulle and continuing until 1970, France reduced its dollar reserves, exchanging them for gold at the official exchange rate, reducing US economic influence. This, along with the fiscal strain of federal expenditures for the Vietnam War and persistent balance of payments deficits, led U.S. President Richard Nixon to end international convertibility of the U.S. dollar to gold on August 15, 1971 (the ``Nixon Shock ''). Title: Apotheosis of Democracy Passage: Apotheosis of Democracy is a public artwork by American sculptor Paul Wayland Bartlett, located on the United States Capitol House of Representatives portico's east front in Washington, D.C., United States. This sculpture was surveyed in 1993 as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program. Title: Revolutionary War Door Passage: Revolutionary War Door is an artwork by American sculptor Thomas Crawford, located on the United States Capitol House of Representatives wing east front in Washington, D.C., United States. This sculptured door was surveyed in 1993 as part of the Smithsonian's Save Outdoor Sculpture! program. Title: List of Smithsonian museums Passage: The Smithsonian museums are the most widely visible part of the United States' Smithsonian Institution and consist of nineteen museums and galleries as well as the National Zoological Park. Seventeen of these collections are located in Washington D.C., with eleven of those located on the National Mall. The remaining ones are in New York City and Chantilly, Virginia. As of 2010, one museum, the Arts and Industries Building, is closed in preparation for a substantial renovation, and its newest museum building, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, opened in 2016.	[ "Angelo Lano", "Gold standard", "List of Smithsonian museums" ]
Which country is Pendulum's performer born in?	U.S.	[ "the US", "America", "U.S", "the United States", "United States", "US" ]	Title: American Idol Passage: Both finalists found success after the show, but Aiken out-performed Studdard's coronation song "Flying Without Wings" with his single release from the show "This Is the Night", as well as in their subsequent album releases. The fourth-place finisher Josh Gracin also enjoyed some success as a country singer. Title: Paul Kodish Passage: Paul Kodish is a professional drummer raised in Willesden, London. Kodish has performed with a variety of different artists, including the hip hop act Whodini in 1986, and the drum and bass group Bad Company. He was also one of two drummers for the electronica band Apollo 440 between 1997 and 2005 and the drummer in the Australian-British drum and bass band Pendulum between 2006 and 2009. Kodish spent a short time in 2010 drumming with the Liverpool band Killaflaw, performing at several concerts and drumming for their debut album "Sleaze and Grit". He currently supports DJ Fresh's crew on their FRESH/Live tour. Title: Birth control movement in the United States Passage: Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London. Title: Eberhard Weber Passage: Eberhard Weber (born 22 January 1940 in Stuttgart) is a German double bassist and composer. As a bass player, he is known for his highly distinctive tone and phrasing. Weber's compositions blend chamber jazz, European classical music, minimalism and ambient music, and are regarded as characteristic examples of the ECM Records sound. Title: International Who's Who in Music Passage: The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements. Title: Friends in Low Places Passage: ``Friends in Low Places ''is a song performed by American country pop artist Garth Brooks. It was released on August 6, 1990 as the lead single from his album No Fences. The song spent four weeks at number one on the Hot Country Songs, and won both the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association awards for 1990 Single of the Year. Title: England Swings Passage: "England Swings (Like a Pendulum Do)" is a 1965 country music song written and performed by Roger Miller. The single was Miller's eleventh hit on the US country chart where it peaked at number three. On the "Billboard" Hot 100, it peaked at number eight and was Miller's second number one on the Easy Listening chart. Petula Clark (from the "Colour My World" album) and Pat Boone both released cover versions in 1967. Title: Pendulum (Eberhard Weber album) Passage: Pendulum is a solo album by German double bassist and composer Eberhard Weber recorded in 1993 and released on the ECM label. Weber uses overdubbing and an echo unit to enhance the sound of his bass. Title: Millennials Passage: Millennials (also known as Generation Y) are the generational demographic cohort following Generation X. There are no precise dates for when this cohort starts or ends; demographers and researchers typically use the early 1980s as starting birth years and the mid-1990s to early 2000s as ending birth years. Millennials are sometimes referred to as ``echo boomers ''due to a major surge in birth rates in the 1980s and 1990s, and because millennials are often the children of the baby boomers. The 20th - century trend toward smaller families in developed countries continued, however, so the relative impact of the`` baby boom echo'' was generally less pronounced than the post -- World War II baby boom. Title: Stuttgart, Arkansas Passage: Stuttgart is a city in and the county seat of the northern district of Arkansas County, Arkansas, United States. It is located on U.S. Route 79, approximately southeast of Little Rock. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 9,326. Title: Schiehallion experiment Passage: The Schiehallion experiment was repeated in 1856 by Henry James, director-general of the Ordnance Survey, who instead used the hill Arthur's Seat in central Edinburgh. With the resources of the Ordnance Survey at his disposal, James extended his topographical survey to a 21-kilometre radius, taking him as far as the borders of Midlothian. He obtained a density of about 5,300 kg·m−3.An experiment in 2005 undertook a variation of the 1774 work: instead of computing local differences in the zenith, the experiment made a very accurate comparison of the period of a pendulum at the top and bottom of Schiehallion. The period of a pendulum is a function of g, the local gravitational acceleration. The pendulum is expected to run more slowly at altitude, but the mass of the mountain will act to reduce this difference. This experiment has the advantage of being considerably easier to conduct than the 1774 one, but to achieve the desired accuracy, it is necessary to measure the period of the pendulum to within one part in one million. This experiment yielded a value of the mass of the Earth of 8.1 ± 2.4 × 1024 kg, corresponding to a mean density of 7,500 ± 1,900 kg·m−3.A modern re-examination of the geophysical data was able to take account of factors the 1774 team could not. With the benefit of a 120-km radius digital elevation model, greatly improved knowledge of the geology of Schiehallion, and in particular a computer, a 2007 report produced a mean Earth density of 5,480 ± 250 kg·m−3. When compared to the modern figure of 5,515 kg·m−3, it stood as a testament to the accuracy of Maskelyne's astronomical observations. Title: Acer negundo 'Pendulum' Passage: "Acer negundo" 'Pendulum', or weeping boxelder maple, is a weeping tree and a cultivar of "Acer negundo", the boxelder maple. It was first described by Fritz Kurt Alexander von Schwerin in 1896. No trees are known to survive of this cultivar.	[ "Stuttgart, Arkansas", "Pendulum (Eberhard Weber album)", "Eberhard Weber" ]
How many of the people who sent families of deserters to concentration camps live in the country who won the 2002 World Cup in Japan?	5 million	[]	Title: Melodie Robinson Passage: Melodie Robinson (born 25 May 1973 in New Plymouth) is a New Zealand sports journalist and presenter, and former international rugby union player for the New Zealand women's national rugby union team. She played 18 tests for the New Zealand women's team, the Black Ferns, from 1996 to 2002. Robinson won two world cups in that time, playing blindside or openside flanker. She also represented New Zealand in sevens at the Hong Kong 7s and Japan 7s. Title: Hilary Paweł Januszewski Passage: Hilary Paweł Januszewski, O.Carm (June 11, 1907 in Krajenki – March 25, 1945 in Dachau concentration camp), was a Polish priest, Carmelite friar of the Ancient Observance and Catholic priest, who sent by the Nazi authorities in occupied Poland to the Dachau concentration camp, where he managed to survive until 1945. Title: Fred Wander Passage: Wander was born Fritz Rosenblatt in Vienna, he left school at 14 and worked as an apprentice in a textile mill, before travelling around Europe taking whatever jobs were going. He spent quite some time in pre-war Paris and this is where he first started to write. In 1938 after the German annexation of Austria, Wander escaped back to Paris via Switzerland. After France declared war on Germany in 1939 he was interned and eventually sent back to Austria, where he ended up in Auschwitz concentration camp, later being sent to Buchenwald concentration camp. Wander survived the camps and after World War II he lived in East Germany (GDR) from 1958 – 1983. It was while a resident in the GDR that in 1971 "The Seventh Well" () was published, it was an account of his experiences in the concentration camps. The book won much critical acclaim following a later re-release, including the 2009 JQ Wingate Prize. Title: 2002 FIFA World Cup Final Passage: The 2002 FIFA World Cup Final was a football match that took place on 30 June 2002 at the International Stadium in Yokohama to determine the winner of the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The final was contested by Germany and Brazil. It was the first World Cup meeting between the two sides. Brazil won the match 2–0, winning a record fifth title. Ronaldo, who became the record World Cup goalscorer at the 2006 tournament, scored two of his fifteen World Cup goals in the second half of the match, leading Brazil to the title and winning the Golden Boot award. It also marked Brazilian captain Cafu's third consecutive appearance in a World Cup Final, a feat that has yet to be accomplished by any other player in the history of the tournament. Both teams had won their respective groups before advancing to the knockout stage, where Germany shut out all of their opponents to reach the final, while Brazil only allowed a single goal from England. Germany overcame United States and co-host South Korea, while Brazil knocked out England and Turkey. Title: Senegal at the FIFA World Cup Passage: Senegal have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on two occasions, in 2002 where they reached the quarter finals, and in 2018. They were the first team in World Cup history to be eliminated using the fair play rule after being tied with Japan on the first six tiebreakers. Title: Johann Gruber Passage: Dr. Johann Gruber (October 20, 1889 - April 7, 1944), also known as "Papa Gruber" and "The Saint of Gusen", was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest who was imprisoned in Concentration Camp Gusen I from 1940 until his ritual death by the camp commandant on Holyfriday 1944. In the concentration camp, Gruber helped many others survive by raising funds from outside the camp and bribing the SS men and kapos in order to organise the delivery of food to starving inmates. Title: David Rousset Passage: David Rousset (18 January 1912 in Roanne, Loire – 13 December 1997) was a French writer and political activist, a recipient of Prix Renaudot, a French literary award. A survivor of the Neuengamme concentration camp and the Buchenwald Nazi concentration camp, he is famous for his books about concentration camps. Title: Germans Passage: People of German origin are found in various places around the globe. United States is home to approximately 50 million German Americans or one third of the German diaspora, making it the largest centre of German-descended people outside Germany. Brazil is the second largest with 5 million people claiming German ancestry. Other significant centres are Canada, Argentina, South Africa and France each accounting for at least 1 million. While the exact number of German-descended people is difficult to calculate, the available data makes it safe to claim the number is exceeding 100 million people. Title: South Africa at the FIFA World Cup Passage: Although South Africa has made three appearances in the World Cup, they have not made it past the first round. The team's first attempt to qualify as for the 1994 FIFA World Cup. The team finished second in their group, behind Nigeria, who went on to play at the World Cup. Their first appearance was in France 1998, six years after they had been readmitted to the global football family. Despite a 3 -- 0 drubbing to France in their opening game, they went on to draw against Denmark and Saudi Arabia, the team finished third and thus exited the tournament. Korea / Japan 2002 was expected to be an opportunity for Bafana Bafana to step up to the next level but they were eliminated at the group stage despite drawing to Paraguay and beating Slovenia 1 -- 0 for their first - ever World Cup win. The team finished third in their group, losing out to Paraguay on goals scored. The team failed to qualify for the 2006 FIFA World Cup after finishing third in their qualifying group. Ghana won the group and progressed to the tournament, while Congo DR finished ahead of South Africa on head to head results. During the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, they beat France 2 -- 1 and drew 1 -- 1 to Mexico, but lost 0 -- 3 to Uruguay. They lost out on progression to the round of 16, on goal difference. Title: Strasbourg Passage: Many people from Strasbourg were incorporated in the German Army against their will, and were sent to the eastern front, those young men and women were called Malgré-nous. Many tried to escape from the incorporation, join the French Resistance, or desert the Wehrmacht but many couldn't because they were running the risk of having their families sent to work or concentration camps by the Germans. Many of these men, especially those who did not answer the call immediately, were pressured to "volunteer" for service with the SS, often by direct threats on their families. This threat obliged the majority of them to remain in the German army. After the war, the few that survived were often accused of being traitors or collaborationists, because this tough situation was not known in the rest of France, and they had to face the incomprehension of many. In July 1944, 1500 malgré-nous were released from Soviet captivity and sent to Algiers, where they joined the Free French Forces. Nowadays history recognizes the suffering of those people, and museums, public discussions and memorials have been built to commemorate this terrible period of history of this part of Eastern France (Alsace and Moselle). Liberation of Strasbourg took place on 23 November 1944. Title: 2002 FIFA World Cup Passage: 2002 FIFA World Cup 2002 FIFA 월드컵한국 / 일본 2002 FIFA Woldeu Keob Hanguk / Ilbon 2002 FIFA ワールドカップ韓国 / 日本 2002 FIFA Waarudo Kappu Kankoku / Nihon 2002 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host countries South Korea Japan Dates 31 May -- 30 June Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 20 (in 20 host cities) Final positions Champions Brazil (5th title) Runners - up Germany Third place Turkey Fourth place South Korea Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 161 (2.52 per match) Attendance 2,705,197 (42,269 per match) Top scorer (s) Ronaldo (8 goals) Best player Oliver Kahn Best young player Landon Donovan Best goalkeeper Oliver Kahn Fair play award Belgium ← 1998 2006 → Title: 2022 FIFA World Cup Passage: The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. This will also be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a Muslim - majority country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.	[ "Strasbourg", "2002 FIFA World Cup", "Germans" ]
Who was the first commander in chief of the army that Charles Levinge Gregory served in after independence?	Rob Lockhart	[]	Title: Joint Chiefs of Staff Passage: The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is, by law, the highest - ranking military officer of the United States Armed Forces, and the principal military adviser to the President of the United States. He leads the meetings and coordinates the efforts of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, comprising the chairman, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, the Commandant of the United States Marine Corps, the Chief of Naval Operations, the Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force, and the Chief of the National Guard Bureau. The Joint Chiefs of Staff have offices in The Pentagon. The chairman outranks all respective heads of each service branch, but does not have command authority over them, their service branches or the Unified Combatant Commands. All combatant commanders receive operational orders directly from the Secretary of Defense. Title: Aleksander Tõnisson Passage: Aleksander Tõnisson VR I/1 (17 April 1875 – 30 June 1941) was an Estonian military commander (Major General) during the Estonian War of Independence. Title: Kris Sivara Passage: Kris Sivara (Thai: กฤษณ์ สีวะรา, , alternatively transcribed as "Srivara") (27 March 1914 – 28 April 1976) was a military officer of the Royal Thai Army, a member of the Thai Cabinet, and deputy commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Army during the violent crackdown on democracy protesters on 14 October 1973. He was later promoted to army commander. Title: William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe Passage: General William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe, KB, PC (10 August 1729 -- 12 July 1814) was a British Army officer who rose to become Commander - in - Chief of British forces during the American War of Independence. Howe was one of three brothers who had distinguished military careers. Title: Pramono Edhie Wibowo Passage: Pramono Edhie Wibowo (born 5 May 1955 in Magelang) is a former Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Army from 31 June 2011 until 20 May 2013. He is the brother-in-law of former Indonesian president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Before becoming Indonesian Army Chief of Staff, he was Commander of Army Strategic Command (Kostrad) (Pangkostrad), Commanding General of the Special Forces Command (Danjen Kopassus), Commander of the Military Territory III/Siliwangi, Chief of Staff of the Military Territory IV/Diponegoro, as well as Personal Aide of former Indonesian President, Megawati Soekarnoputri. Title: Charles Levinge Gregory Passage: After graduating from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, Gregory was initially commissioned in the Royal Irish Fusiliers but soon after transferred to the Indian Army's 19th Lancers (Fane's Horse). Title: Ernst Põdder Passage: Ernst Põdder VR I/1 (10 February 1879 – 24 June 1932) was a famous Estonian military commander in the Estonian War of Independence. Title: Chief of the Army Staff (India) Passage: No. Name Rank Photo Appointment Date Left Office Unit of Commission Decorations Rob Lockhart General 15 August 1947 31 December 1947 51st Sikhs KCB, CIE, MC Roy Bucher General 1 January 1948 15 January 1949 Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) KBE, CB, MC Kodandera M. Cariappa General 16 January 1949 14 January 1953 Rajput Regiment OBE Rajendrasinhji Jadeja General 14 January 1953 1 April 1955 2nd Lancers (Gardner's Horse) DSO Title: Otto Tief Passage: Otto Tief ( – 5 March 1976) was an Estonian politician, military commander (during the Estonian War of Independence), and a lawyer. Title: Ibrahim Abboud Passage: Ibrahim Abboud was born 26 October 1900 at Mohammed-Gol, near the old port city of Suakin on the Red Sea. He trained as an engineer at the Gordon Memorial College and at the Military College in Khartoum. He received a commission in the Egyptian Army in 1918 and transferred to the Sudan Defence Force in 1925, after its creation separate from the Egyptian army. During World War II he served in Eritrea, in Ethiopia, with the Sudan Defence Force, and with the British army in North Africa. After the war, Abboud rose rapidly to commander of the Sudan Defence Force in 1949 and assistant commander in chief in 1954. With the declaration of independence for the Sudan in 1956, he was made commander in chief of the Sudanese military forces. After the Sudanese army staged a "coup d'état" in November 1958, overthrowing the civilian government of Abdullah Khalil, Gen. Abboud led the new military government. Title: United States military seniority Passage: A type of ``positional seniority ''exists for military officers who hold top leadership positions of the armed forces. For instance, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is considered the senior most officer of the entire United States military, even though it is possible that contemporaries of the same rank may have earlier dates of rank or time in service. Likewise, heads of various armed service branches are considered senior most within their service; unified commanders are also considered senior most in their respective regions yet not necessarily to each other. Title: Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan) Passage: In 1969, the title of the army command was changed from ``Commander - in - Chief ''to`` Chief of Staff'' with President Yahya Khan acting as Commander - in - Chief and General A.H. Khan as Chief of Staff. On 20 March 1972, the post was renamed as ``Chief of Army Staff ''(COAS) with Lieutenant - General Tikka Khan elevated to four star rank to be appointed as army's first chief of army staff.	[ "Charles Levinge Gregory", "Chief of the Army Staff (India)" ]
What year did the maker of the CMA CGM Vela dissolve?	1999	[]	Title: Daddy Sang Bass Passage: "Daddy Sang Bass" is a 1968 single written by Carl Perkins, with lines from the chorus of "Will the Circle Be Unbroken?" and recorded by Johnny Cash. "Daddy Sang Bass" was Johnny Cash's sixty-first release on the country chart. The song went to No. 1 on the "Billboard" country chart for 6 weeks and spent a total of 19 weeks on the chart. The single reached No. 56 on the "Cashbox" pop singles chart in 1969. "Daddy Sang Bass" was also released on the Columbia Records Hall of Fame Series as a 45, #13-33153, b/w "Folsom Prison Blues" (live version). The record was nominated in the CMA awards category of Single of the Year by the Country Music Association (CMA) in 1969. Title: Daewoo Passage: It was founded on 22 March 1967 as "Daewoo Industrial" and was declared bankrupt on 1 November 1999, with debts of about US$50 billion (equivalent to $ billion in ). Prior to the Asian financial crisis, Daewoo was the second largest conglomerate in Korea after the Hyundai Group. There were about 20 divisions under the Daewoo Group, some of which survive today as independent companies. Title: Edward H. Ntalami Passage: Edward Haggai Ntalami was a business executive and the former CEO of the Capital Markets Authority (CMA) of Kenya. Ntalami was involved in Kenya's capital markets. He served for over two decades in financial planning and management in the fields of commerce and industry, public sector. Prior to his appointment at the CMA, Ntalami was the Executive Director of Sterling Securities Limited, a local stockbroker. He was appointed Chief Executive, Capital Markets Authority in December 2002 by President Mwai Kibaki. He completed his term in office on 17 December 2007. Seven months after he left Stella Kilonzo became head of CMA. Title: St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador Passage: As of the 2006 Census, there were 100,646 inhabitants in St. John's itself, 151,322 in the urban area and 181,113 in the St. John's Census Metropolitan Area (CMA). Thus, St. John's is Newfoundland and Labrador's largest city and Canada's 20th largest CMA. Apart from St. John's, the CMA includes 12 other communities: the city of Mount Pearl and the towns of Conception Bay South, Paradise, Portugal Cove-St. Philip's, Torbay, Logy Bay-Middle Cove-Outer Cove, Pouch Cove, Flatrock, Bay Bulls, Witless Bay, Petty Harbour-Maddox Cove and Bauline. The population of the CMA was 192,326 as of 1 July 2010. Title: CS Turnu Severin Passage: Clubul Sportiv Turnu Severin was a Romanian professional football club from Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Mehedinţi County, founded in 2007 and dissolved in 2013. In 2012, the team promoted to the Liga I for the first time in their short history. After just one year of top football it relegated and was dissolved. Title: Poolaki Passage: Poolaki is a type of candy made mainly in Isfahan, Iran. Its shape is in the form of a thin disc, pretty much like a very thin coin, which starts dissolving as it enters the mouth. It is made of sugar, water, white vinegar and some natural taste of saffron, dried lime or cocoa powder. It is similar to toffee. The word is similar to one called Poolak which means "small coin" in Persian. Poolaki is also a Persian surname. Title: Church Mission School Passage: The Church Mission School (CMS) is a complex in Karachi, Pakistan. It was operated by the Christ Church before its 1971 nationalisation. Azizullah Sharif of "Dawn" stated that CMS, while operated by the church, was "one of the best educational institutions of the city where many students passed their matric examinations with flying colours." As of 2010, four institutions occupy the complex: CMS Primary School, CMS Secondary School, Cutchhi Memon Association (CMA) Primary, and CMA Girls Secondary School. As of that year these schools occupy blocks that are more recent, while the original three blocks were vacant. Title: Ottawa Passage: Ottawa (/ ˈɒtəwə / (listen), / - wɑː /; French pronunciation: (ɔtawa)) is the capital city of Canada. It stands on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of southern Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec; the two form the core of the Ottawa -- Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) and the National Capital Region (NCR). As of 2016, Ottawa had a city population of 934,243 and a metropolitan population of 1,323,783 making it the fourth - largest city and the fifth - largest CMA in Canada. Title: Juanita du Plessis Passage: Juanita du Plessis (née Naude) is a famous Afrikaans country singer, born on 26 April in Windhoek, Namibia. She became known for her song "Ska-Rumba". Du Plessis' singing career began in 1998 with her debut album "Juanita". That year she won the CMA (Country Music Association in Namibia) awards as best singer, best songwriter and the Association’s Award for outstanding achievement. Title: 2021 America's Cup Passage: 36th America's Cup Defender New Zealand Defender club: Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron Yacht: TBD Challenger Italy Challenger club: Circolo della Vela Sicilia Yacht: TBD Competition Location: Auckland, New Zealand Dates: March 2021 Winner: TBD Score: TBD Title: Greece Passage: Legislative powers are exercised by a 300-member elective unicameral Parliament. Statutes passed by the Parliament are promulgated by the President of the Republic. Parliamentary elections are held every four years, but the President of the Republic is obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier on the proposal of the Cabinet, in view of dealing with a national issue of exceptional importance. The President is also obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier, if the opposition manages to pass a motion of no confidence. Title: CMA CGM Vela Passage: CMA CGM Vela is a container ship operated by CMA CGM. The ship is owned by Reederei NSB and operated by CMA CGM. The "CMA CGM Vela" was finished in 2008 by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Ltd and delivered to the owner on 19 October 2008. The ship was carrying yard number DSME hull 4125 and after launching it was christened in the ships home port Hamburg, Germany.	[ "CMA CGM Vela", "Daewoo" ]
When did who acquired spanish florida in the 1763 treaty of paris take control of where have most fossils of australopithecus been found?	1909	[]	Title: Puerto Rico Passage: Originally populated by the indigenous Taíno people, the island was claimed in 1493 by Christopher Columbus for the Crown of Castile during his second voyage. Later it endured invasion attempts from the French, Dutch, and British. Four centuries of Spanish colonial government transformed the island's ethnic, cultural and physical landscapes primarily with waves of African slaves, Canarian, and Andalusian settlers. In the Spanish imperial imagination, Puerto Rico played a secondary, but strategic role when compared to wealthier colonies like Peru and the mainland parts of New Spain. Spain's distant administrative control continued up to the end of the 19th century, helping to produce a distinctive creole Hispanic culture and language that combined elements from the Native Americans, Africans, and Iberians. In 1898, following the Spanish -- American War, the United States acquired Puerto Rico under the terms of the Treaty of Paris. Title: French and Indian War Passage: The war in North America officially ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 10 February 1763, and war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War was settled by the Treaty of Hubertusburg on 15 February 1763. The British offered France the choice of surrendering either its continental North American possessions east of the Mississippi or the Caribbean islands of Guadeloupe and Martinique, which had been occupied by the British. France chose to cede the former, but was able to negotiate the retention of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, two small islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, along with fishing rights in the area. They viewed the economic value of the Caribbean islands' sugar cane to be greater and easier to defend than the furs from the continent. The contemporaneous French philosopher Voltaire referred to Canada disparagingly as nothing more than a few acres of snow. The British, for their part, were happy to take New France, as defence of their North American colonies would no longer be an issue and also because they already had ample places from which to obtain sugar. Spain, which traded Florida to Britain to regain Cuba, also gained Louisiana, including New Orleans, from France in compensation for its losses. Great Britain and Spain also agreed that navigation on the Mississippi River was to be open to vessels of all nations. Title: Treaty of Paris (1763) Passage: Spain ceded Florida to Britain. France had already secretly given Louisiana to Spain in the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762). In addition, while France regained its factories in India, France recognized British clients as the rulers of key Indian native states, and pledged not to send troops to Bengal. Britain agreed to demolish its fortifications in British Honduras (now Belize), but retained a logwood - cutting colony there. Britain confirmed the right of its new subjects to practise Catholicism. Title: Treaty of Paris (1763) Passage: The Treaty of Paris, also known as the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763 by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement, after Great Britain's victory over France and Spain during the Seven Years' War. Title: St. Augustine, Florida Passage: St. Augustine (Spanish: San Agustín) is a city in the Southeastern United States, on the Atlantic coast of northeastern Florida. Founded in 1565 by Spanish explorers, it is the oldest continuously inhabited European - established settlement within the borders of the continental United States. Title: Spanish Florida Passage: Spanish Florida was established in 1513, when Juan Ponce de León claimed peninsular Florida for Spain during the first official European expedition to North America. This claim was enlarged as several explorers (most notably Pánfilo Narváez and Hernando de Soto) landed near Tampa Bay in the mid-1500s and wandered as far north as the Appalachian Mountains and as far west as Texas in largely unsuccessful searches for gold and other riches. The presidio of St. Augustine was founded on Florida's Atlantic coast in 1565; a series of missions were established across the Florida panhandle, Georgia, and South Carolina during the 1600s; and Pensacola was founded on the western Florida panhandle in 1698, strengthening Spanish claims to that section of the territory. Title: Jacksonville, Florida Passage: Spain ceded Florida to the British in 1763 after the French and Indian War, and the British soon constructed the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia. The road crossed the St. Johns River at a narrow point, which the Seminole called Wacca Pilatka and the British called the Cow Ford; these names ostensibly reflect the fact that cattle were brought across the river there. The British introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits, as well the export of lumber. As a result, the northeastern Florida area prospered economically more than it had under the Spanish. Britain ceded control of the territory to Spain in 1783, after being defeated in the American Revolutionary War, and the settlement at the Cow Ford continued to grow. After Spain ceded the Florida Territory to the United States in 1821, American settlers on the north side of the Cow Ford decided to plan a town, laying out the streets and plats. They soon named the town Jacksonville, after Andrew Jackson. Led by Isaiah D. Hart, residents wrote a charter for a town government, which was approved by the Florida Legislative Council on February 9, 1832. Title: History of South Africa Passage: Following the defeat of the Boers in the Anglo - Boer or South African War (1899 -- 1902), the Union of South Africa was created as a dominion of the British Empire in terms of the South Africa Act 1909, which amalgamated the four previously separate British colonies: Cape Colony, Natal Colony, Transvaal Colony, and Orange River Colony. The country became a self - governing nation state within the British Empire, in 1934 following enactment of the Status of the Union Act. The dominion came to an end on 31 May 1961 as the consequence of a 1960 referendum, which legitimised the country becoming a sovereign state named Republic of South Africa. A republican constitution was adopted. Title: Lucy (Australopithecus) Passage: Lucy is the common name of AL 288 - 1, several hundred pieces of bone fossils representing 40 percent of the skeleton of a female of the hominin species Australopithecus afarensis. In Ethiopia, the assembly is also known as Dinkinesh, which means ``you are marvelous ''in the Amharic language. Lucy was discovered in 1974 in Africa, near the village Hadar in the Awash Valley of the Afar Triangle in Ethiopia, by paleoanthropologist Donald Johanson of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. Title: Australopithecus Passage: Then, in 1997, an almost complete Australopithecus skeleton with skull was found in the Sterkfontein caves of Gauteng, South Africa. It is now called ``Little Foot ''and it is probably around three million years old. It was named Australopithecus prometheus which has since been placed within A. africanus. Other fossil remains found in the same cave in 2008 were named Australopithecus sediba, which lived 1.9 million years ago. A. africanus probably evolved into A. sediba, which some scientists think may have evolved into H. erectus, though this is heavily disputed. Title: Adams–Onís Treaty Passage: The Adams -- Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Florida Treaty, was a treaty between the United States and Spain in 1819 that ceded Florida to the U.S. and defined the boundary between the U.S. and New Spain. It settled a standing border dispute between the two countries and was considered a triumph of American diplomacy. It came in the midst of increasing tensions related to Spain's territorial boundaries in North America against the United States and Great Britain in the aftermath of the American Revolution; and also during the Latin American Wars of Independence. Florida had become a burden to Spain, which could not afford to send settlers or garrisons. Madrid decided to cede the territory to the United States through the Adams -- Onís Treaty in exchange for settling the boundary dispute along the Sabine River in Spanish Texas. The treaty established the boundary of U.S. territory and claims through the Rocky Mountains and west to the Pacific Ocean, in exchange for the U.S. paying residents' claims against the Spanish government up to a total of $5,000,000 and relinquishing the US claims on parts of Spanish Texas west of the Sabine River and other Spanish areas, under the terms of the Louisiana Purchase. Title: Cuba–United States relations Passage: The hold of the Spanish Empire on possessions in the Americas was reduced in the 1820s as a result of the Spanish American wars of independence; only Cuba and Puerto Rico remained under Spanish rule until the Spanish -- American War (1898) that resulted from the Cuban War of Independence. Under the Treaty of Paris, Cuba became a U.S. protectorate; the U.S. gained a position of economic and political dominance over the island, which persisted after it became formally independent in 1902.	[ "Treaty of Paris (1763)", "History of South Africa", "Australopithecus" ]
When did the team that lost the 2005 Champions League final last win Serie A?	2010 -- 11	[]	Title: 2005 FIFA Club World Championship Final Passage: The 2005 FIFA Club World Championship Final was a football match played between São Paulo of Brazil, the CONMEBOL club champions, and Liverpool of England, the UEFA club champions, on 18 December 2005 at the International Stadium Yokohama, Japan. It was the final match of the 2005 FIFA Club World Championship, a competition for the winners of the primary cup competitions of FIFA's continental members. The Club World Championship replaced the Intercontinental Cup, which both teams had competed in before. São Paulo had won the Intercontinental Cup twice in 1992 and 1993, while Liverpool had lost twice in 1981 and 1984. Title: 2005 UEFA Champions League Final Passage: 2005 UEFA Champions League Final Event 2004 -- 05 UEFA Champions League Milan Liverpool After extra time Liverpool won 3 -- 2 on penalties Date 25 May 2005 Venue Atatürk Olympic Stadium, Istanbul Man of the Match Steven Gerrard (Liverpool) Referee Manuel Mejuto González (Spain) Attendance 69,600 Weather Clear night 18 ° C (64 ° F) 78% humidity ← 2004 2006 → Title: History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present) Passage: For the following season, Arsenal gradually progressed upon their league form, eventually becoming runners - up in 2016. In order to capture that ever - elusive Premier League title for the first time in 12 years, the club spent heavily in the transfer market in the summer of 2016, spending over £80 million on four first - team acquisitions, namely capturing Shkodran Mustafi and Granit Xhaka, who operate as a central defender and central midfielder, respectively. Both positions were long deemed problem positions in the team, with the hope Arsenal could push on and win the league after signing the pair. However, poor league form saw Arsenal competing heavily for the final UEFA Champions League space, having taken a race with Liverpool and Manchester City to the final day of the season. Despite winning 3 - 1 against Everton, results elsewhere meant they only finished fifth, missing out on a Champions League spot for the first time in two decades, and the first ever under Wenger. However, Arsenal won the FA Cup Final 2 - 1 against Chelsea, making it their third win in four seasons, and made them the most successful club in the history of the competition. Title: List of European Cup and UEFA Champions League finals Passage: A total of 20 clubs have won the Champions League / European Cup. Real Madrid hold the record for the most victories, having won the competition 13 times, including the inaugural competition. They have also won the competition the most times in a row, winning it five times from 1956 to 1960. Juventus have been runners - up the most times, losing seven finals. Atlético Madrid is the only team to reach three finals without having won the trophy while Reims and Valencia have finished as runners - up twice without winning. Spain has provided the most champions, with 18 wins from two clubs. Italy have produced 12 winners from three clubs and England have produced 12 winners from five clubs. English teams were banned from the competition for five years following the Heysel disaster in 1985. The current champions are Real Madrid, who beat Liverpool in the 2018 final. Title: Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry Passage: Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool, and they also lead the Merseysiders in so - called ``major ''honours as well. Title: A.C. Milan Passage: A.C. Milan honours Type Competition Titles Seasons / Years Domestic Serie A 18 1901, 1906, 1907, 1950 -- 51, 1954 -- 55, 1956 -- 57, 1958 -- 59, 1961 -- 62, 1967 -- 68, 1978 -- 79, 1987 -- 88, 1991 -- 92, 1992 -- 93, 1993 -- 94, 1995 -- 96, 1998 -- 99, 2003 -- 04, 2010 -- 11 Serie B 1980 -- 81, 1982 -- 83 Coppa Italia 5 1966 -- 67, 1971 -- 72, 1972 -- 73, 1976 -- 77, 2002 -- 03 Supercoppa Italiana 7 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2004, 2011, 2016 Continent European Cup / UEFA Champions League 7 1962 -- 63, 1968 -- 69, 1988 -- 89, 1989 -- 90, 1993 -- 94, 2002 -- 03, 2006 -- 07 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1967 -- 68, 1972 -- 73 UEFA Super Cup 5 1989, 1990, 1994, 2003, 2007 Worldwide Intercontinental Cup 1969, 1989, 1990 FIFA Club World Cup 2007 Title: Arsenal F.C. Passage: Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup "Doubles" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona. Title: 2002 CAF Champions League Final Passage: The 2002 CAF Champions League Final was a football match that took place on Friday, 13 December 2002 at 17:00 UTC (19:00 local time). The match was played at the Cairo Stadium, in Cairo, Egypt, to determine the winner of the 2002 CAF Champions League. The final was contested by Zamalek and Raja Casablanca, making it an all-Arabic club final for the fifth time in the history of the competition . The game was won by Zamalek 1–0 by Abdelhamid's Goal, after a 0–0 draw in Casablanca. Title: 2017 Stanley Cup Finals Passage: The 2017 Stanley Cup Finals was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 2016 -- 17 season, and the culmination of the 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs. The Eastern Conference champion and defending Stanley Cup champion Pittsburgh Penguins defeated the Western Conference champion Nashville Predators, four games to two. Penguins captain Sidney Crosby was awarded the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable player of the playoffs for the second consecutive year. The Penguins won the Stanley Cup in their opponent's rink, just like they did the previous four times. Title: 1946–47 National Hurling League Passage: The 1946–47 National Hurling League was the 16th season of the NHL, an annual hurling competition for the GAA county teams. Limerick won the league, beating Kilkenny by 3-8 to 1-7 in a replay of the final. Title: 2011 NBA Finals Passage: The 2011 NBA Finals was the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s 2010 -- 11 season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. The Western Conference champion Dallas Mavericks defeated the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat 4 games to 2 to win their first NBA championship. Dallas became the last NBA team from Texas to win its first title, after the Houston Rockets won back - to - back titles in 1994 and 1995, and the San Antonio Spurs won four NBA championships in 1999, 2003, 2005 and 2007, and a fifth one subsequently in 2014; all three Texas NBA teams have now won at least one NBA championship. It was also the first time in four years that the Los Angeles Lakers did not make the Finals, having been swept in the Western Conference semifinals by the eventual champion Dallas Mavericks. Title: 2010 UEFA Champions League Final Passage: The 2010 UEFA Champions League Final was a football match played at the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, home of Real Madrid, on Saturday, 22 May 2010, to determine the winners of the 2009 -- 10 UEFA Champions League. It was the first Champions League final to be played on a Saturday, rather than the traditional Wednesday. The match was won by Internazionale, who beat Bayern Munich 2 -- 0 to complete the Treble, a feat never before achieved by any team from either Italy or Germany. The refereeing team came from England and was led by Howard Webb.	[ "A.C. Milan", "2005 UEFA Champions League Final" ]
how many smithsonian museums are there in the work location of the president who signed the Endangered Species Act of 1973 into law?	Seventeen	[]	Title: National Museum of Natural History Passage: The National Museum of Natural History is a natural - history museum administered by the Smithsonian Institution, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States. It has free admission and is open 364 days a year. In 2016, with 7.1 million visitors, it was the fourth most visited museum in the world and the most visited natural - history museum in the world. Opened in 1910, the museum on the National Mall was one of the first Smithsonian buildings constructed exclusively to hold the national collections and research facilities. The main building has an overall area of 1,500,000 square feet (140,000 m) with 325,000 square feet (30,200 m) of exhibition and public space and houses over 1,000 employees. Title: List of Smithsonian museums Passage: The Smithsonian museums are the most widely visible part of the United States' Smithsonian Institution and consist of nineteen museums and galleries as well as the National Zoological Park. Seventeen of these collections are located in Washington D.C., with eleven of those located on the National Mall. The remaining ones are in New York City and Chantilly, Virginia. As of 2010, one museum, the Arts and Industries Building, is closed in preparation for a substantial renovation, and its newest museum building, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, opened in 2016. Title: Chinese Exclusion Act Passage: The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6, 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. The act followed the Angell Treaty of 1880, a set of revisions to the US -- China Burlingame Treaty of 1868 that allowed the US to suspend Chinese immigration. The act was initially intended to last for 10 years, but was renewed in 1892 with the Geary Act and made permanent in 1902. The Chinese Exclusion Act was the first law implemented to prevent a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the United States. It was repealed by the Magnuson Act on December 17, 1943. Title: Goals 2000 Passage: ``The Goals 2000: Educate America Act (P.L. 103 - 227) ''was signed into law on March 31, 1994 by President Bill Clinton. The Act provides resources to states and communities to ensure that all students reach their full potential. Title: Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act Passage: The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) is a United States federal law considered to be a major welfare reform. The bill was a cornerstone of the Republican Contract with America and was authored by Rep. E. Clay Shaw, Jr. (R - FL - 22). President Bill Clinton signed PRWORA into law on August 22, 1996, fulfilling his 1992 campaign promise to ``end welfare as we have come to know it ''. Title: Patriot Act Passage: The USA PATRIOT Act is an Act of Congress signed into law by US President George W. Bush on October 26, 2001. With its ten - letter abbreviation (USA PATRIOT) expanded, the Act's full title is ``Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 ''. The abbreviation, as well as the full title, have been attributed to Chris Cylke, a former staffer on the House Judiciary Committee. Title: Civil Rights Act of 1964 Passage: The legislation had been proposed by President John F. Kennedy in June 1963, but opposed by filibuster in the Senate. Thereafter, President Lyndon B. Johnson pushed the bill forward, which in its final form was passed in the U.S. Congress by a Senate vote of 73 -- 27 and House vote of 289 -- 126. The Act was signed into law by President Johnson on July 2, 1964, at the White House. Title: National Postal Museum Passage: The National Postal Museum, located opposite Union Station in Washington, D.C., United States, was established through joint agreement between the United States Postal Service and the Smithsonian Institution and opened in 1993. Title: Endangered Species Act of 1973 Passage: The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is one of the few dozens of United States environmental laws passed in the 1970s, and serves as the enacting legislation to carry out the provisions outlined in The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The ESA was signed into law by President Richard Nixon on December 28, 1973, it was designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation." The U.S. Supreme Court found that "the plain intent of Congress in enacting" the ESA "was to halt and reverse the trend toward species extinction, whatever the cost." The Act is administered by two federal agencies, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Title: Angelo Lano Passage: Angelo J. Lano was an American field agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Washington DC, notable for his work heading the investigation of, and appearing as a witness for, the Watergate scandal surrounding President Richard M. Nixon. Lano was one of a number of FBI agents who was falsely accused as a source of information for Carl Bernstein and the "Washington Post" during the investigation, which helped shift White House suspicions away from Mark Felt, who was revealed as informant Deep Throat on May 31, 2005. Title: Post-9/11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 Passage: The Post-9 / 11 Veterans Educational Assistance Act of 2008 is Title V of the Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110 -- 252, H.R. 2642, an Act of Congress which became law on June 30, 2008. The act amended Part III of Title 38, United States Code to include a new Chapter 33, which expands the educational benefits for military veterans who have served since September 11, 2001. At various times the new education benefits have been referred to as the Post-9 / 11 GI Bill, the 21st Century G.I. Bill of Rights, or the Webb G.I. Bill, with many current references calling it simply the new G.I. Bill. President George W. Bush signed H.R. 2642 into law on June 30, 2008. Title: Anastase Alfieri Passage: Anastase Alfieri (March 23, 1892 Alexandria – 1971 Cairo) was an Italian entomologist who worked principally on Coleoptera but, also, with Hermann Preisner, on Heteroptera. Most of his work was on the fauna of Egypt. His collection is shared between the natural history museum in Tutzing and the National Museum of Natural History in Washington D.C. (Smithsonian).	[ "Angelo Lano", "List of Smithsonian museums", "Endangered Species Act of 1973" ]

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