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The collector – physical characteristics The collector is the most important component of a solar thermal system but no particular make or type is best suited to every situation. A collector needs to fulfil the technological requirements of the operating, meteorological and climatic conditions of a specific project, as well as being appropriate in terms of design and architecture, economics and ecology. In technical terms, there is a distinction between flat plate collectors, evacuated tube collectors, air collectors, uncovered collectors for swimming pool/low temperature heating, and concentrating collectors (such as parabolic trough collectors, compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs) and Fresnel collectors). However, the basic structure and main components of a collector are always the same. Figure 1 shows an example of a flat plate collector. In the centre of every collector is an absorber, which converts solar radiation into heat as effectively as possible and transfers it to a circulating fluid (a mixture of about 60% water and 40% polypropylene glycol; or air in air collectors) with minimal loss of heat. Absorbers with selective coatings are nearly always used in flat plate and evacuated tube collectors for hot water and heating applications in Central and Northern Europe. The properties of these surfaces provide very high absorption (typically α = 0.92 to 0.96) in the wavelength range of solar radiation. The absorber gets warm while operational, so it is also important to have low emissivity (typically ? = 0.05 to 0.1) in the wavelength range of infrared radiation. This way the absorber's heat loss due to infrared radiation can be drastically reduced and the collectors are much more efficient with an overall heat loss coefficient of around 4 W/(m2 K). A non-selective black paint has var epsilon-values around 0.9 which would give a heat loss coefficient of typically 6-8 W/(m2 K) for an otherwise identical panel. Collectors with non-selective absorbers can nevertheless be used for domestic hot water in simple thermosyphonic systems in hot climates. The transparent cover of a collector should ideally have the highest possible transmission in the entire wavelength range of solar radiation. Special solar glass is used (white glass or low-iron glass) with a typical transmittance of τ = 0.89 to 0.91. By using anti-reflective coatings the transmittance can be increased to between 0.94 and 0.96. The glass is toughened because it needs a higher mechanical and thermal resistance than window glass. Structured glazing is used in many modern flat plate collectors but this is mainly for aesthetic reasons. The back can be insulated using many different materials including mineral wool and polyurethane foam (only suitable for sufficiently low temperatures). In addition outgassing, reaction to moisture, temperature and fire resistance, workability in the manufacturing process, expected lifetime and (depending on the housing construction) mechanical properties, also play a role. New concepts under development include vacuum-insulation panels, filling the collector with inert gas, complete evacuation, and insulation using microfoam products based on polyisocyanate (which is more resistant to high temperatures). In order for the collector to fulfil its expected service life of 25 years, the housing must also meet many tough requirements: It must be rainproof, mechanically stable enough for storms, snow and hail, and must enable good roof and facade integration. The collector mounting structure, which can be considered part of the housing, is particularly exposed to wind and snow loads. The frame can be made of a variety of different materials including wood, aluminium, steel and polymers, and may also serve to regulate the inner climate of the collector. It is important to control air humidity in a collector under all operating conditions, as this has a major influence on reliability and service life. When assessing panels available on the market it is important to take into account not only the price/performance ratio but also durability, reliability and ease of installation. Reliable operation and long service life are essential for all regenerative systems. As a way of promoting high overall standards and to make sure that public funds are spent well, most European countries now ask for Solar Keymark product certification as a prerequisite for granting subsidies to the end-user. Collectors must fulfil a number of important requirements in accordance with the EN12975 standard to qualify for this quality label: - Internal pressure of the absorber; - High temperature resistance; - Exposure to weather conditions; - Fast external temperature change; - Fast internal temperature change; - Penetrating rain; - Mechanical load; - Freeze resistance (optional); - Impact resistance (optional); and - Final inspection. The ongoing European project QAIST (Quality Assurance in Solar Heating and Cooling Technology), funded by the Intelligent Energy Europe programme and led by the European Solar Thermal Industry Federation (ESTIF), also has a strong focus on quality issues. The project aims to enhance the competitiveness of the European solar thermal industry and increase consumer confidence through improved standards and certification schemes; harmonisation in testing and certification; and wide dissemination of quality concepts throughout Europe. Global harmonisation of collector standards and certification is also on the QAIST agenda. In this area its work is closely connected to the new International Energy Agency's (IEA) Task 43 project (part of the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme) which focuses on solar rating and certification. In terms of collectors, this aims to make the EN 12975 standard better adapted to new developments such as tracking and concentrating collectors. This will make development work more efficient and speed up the introduction of new products into the market. Performance characteristics of a solar thermal collector The thermal performance of solar collectors, measured according to the European collector test standard EN12975, can be characterised by the following parameters: - Peak power curve and efficiency curve (parameters η0, a1 and a2); - Incidence Angle Modifier (IAM); and - Thermal capacity of the collector (Ceff). The peak power curve of a flat plate collector refers to module power produced under an irradiation value of 1000 W/m2 (taken as a function of the temperature difference between the mean fluid temperature and ambient air temperature). The same parameters can be used to specify the efficiency of a collector. When comparing the output of flat plate and vacuum tube collectors, it is important to specify in terms of power generated by either ‘the module’ or ‘gross area’. It is a common misunderstanding that vacuum tube collectors are much more efficient per unit area than flat plate collectors, even in the low to medium temperature range used for domestic water heating; this is not the case. Furthermore, basing a comparison on gross area – the minimum area required on the roof – shows the ‘true’ output from the collector. High-performing flat plate collectors can provide strong competition to vacuum tube collectors in single-stage cooling processes, which is important to take into account for designers of solar cooling installations. The incidence angle modifier for a solar collector is also important. It indicates the factor by which the performance changes when a collector is not illuminated perpendicular to the front surface. The IAM has a significant influence on the performance of untracked collectors, for which the direction of incident irradiation changes continuously during the day and throughout the year. Future developments in solar thermal collectors In Central Europe about 90% of solar collectors sold are flat plate, and around 10% are vacuum tube collectors. Approximately 95% of installations are used for tap water heating and heating support. The forthcoming developments in this sector will focus on improving the price/performance ratio while maintaining the current level of quality, reliability and durability. This is particularly important when new materials are used to reduce costs. A major challenge for the solar industry remains how to improve the integration of solar collectors and solar photovoltaic (PV) panels into buildings, making energy generation a key feature of construction components like walls, roofs and windows. To provide the building sector with ready-to-use systems, some window-integrated collectors are entering the market. In this way collectors are built to absorb and use solar energy, and at the same time they can be used as a shading device for additional temperature control. They can also be used as an interesting design pattern within the facade. In addition a number of ‘new’ collector technologies – products that have not yet reached a significant market share – are under development. These include air collectors (pictured) and collectors able to use condensation heat from the ambient air humidity (which are beginning to appear in some combined solar/heat pump systems). The latter combination is getting a strong focus in Europe and several new collector and system concepts can be expected as a result. The new Task 44 project within the IEA's Solar Heating and Cooling Programme is devoted to combinations of solar collectors and heat pumps, and the QAIST project is dealing with issues of quality assurance. New technologies are often induced by niche markets, which have their own requirements and can cope with innovative ideas. An air collector system, for example, may be suitable where there is a need to raise the solar fraction within a building's heating sector, but where the roof area is limited. Also, the technology of air-based collectors has the potential to use simpler system configurations, and possibly even cheaper materials, to support a heating system. When building large collector fields – for example in a facade – stagnation and flow patterns are a big issue for water-based collectors. This is not the case for air-based systems. Heating and cooling distribution systems within bigger buildings, as well as dehumidification units, are often based on air and this offers some potential for cost-effective integration. One disadvantage however is that air has a much lower heat capacity, leading to high flow rates and high energy demand for running a system. The use and configuration of systems as well as the characterisation of air collectors are all subjects of ongoing research projects. Current development work on high temperature concentrating collectors is also very important. Concentrating collectors such as parabolic trough collectors and Fresnel collectors can only use direct solar radiation and must therefore be used in areas with a high fraction of direct irradiance. Adding the concentration of solar radiation they can achieve efficiencies of about 40-50% – at temperatures between 150 and 250°C. They are therefore suitable for new applications such as thermal power stations, two-stage thermal driven cooling processes and high temperature heating systems for industrial processes. In Fresnel collectors, concentrated solar radiation is reflected onto a fixed receiver mounted above the reflector surface. The reflector consists of individually tracked reflector strips. Renewed interest is also being shown in the development of PVT collectors, which consist of a solar cell integrated in a thermal collector absorber. In these collectors, the waste heat that arises in the solar cell (only about 15% of solar radiation is converted into electricity) can become useful. New technologies can be assessed for performance and quality using the same provisions as those mentioned above. However, in addition to the QAIST project, established test standards need to be appropriate for measuring performance characterisation and evaluation as well as for ensuring reliability and durability, so that these technologies can develop and have a strong entry into the marketplace. About the authors: - Professor Matthias Rommel is from the SPF Solartechnk Institute, Hochschule Rapperswil - Peter Kovács is from the SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden - Korbinian Kramer is based at the Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE. Renewable Energy Focus Volume 11, Issue 5, September-October 2010, Pages 36-38
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Walmart announced last week that it started a pilot program where store employees will deliver packages from stores on their way home from work. If this practice is adopted company wide and adopted by the retail industry as a whole, it will change the nature of retail employment. As written about on this blog before, delivery and warehousing jobs tend to have more physical injures than traditional retail clerk jobs. If employee delivery becomes a regular part of retail employment, then retail jobs should become more hazardous. One positive part about Walmart using employees to make deliveries would be the fact that those employees should be covered by workers’ compensation if they are injured while delivering packages. Fed Ex has faced legal challenges for misclassifying their delivery drivers as independent contractors. Uber, who has also faced challenges on how they classify their drivers, also has a package delivery service. Delivery jobs tend to be more physically demanding than retail clerk jobs and can also subject employees to DOT requirements. If package delivery becomes an expected part of retail employment, retail jobs will have more physical and occupational requirements. This could mean in the future that retail jobs may not be a fallback option for workers from other physically demanding occupations who become unable to do their old jobs because of injuries or health problems. The rise of online shopping has greatly reduced the number of stores of traditional retailers. This decline in so-called “big box” stores lead to a parallel reduction in retail employment. Jamelle Bouie pointed out in Slate that this collapse in retail employment has harmed women, people of color and urbanites who tend to work in retail. Bouie points out, I think correctly, that retail employees tend to be disrespected in part because of gender and race. Bouie also states the decline in retail employment has received much less attention than declines in employment in other sectors like manufacturing and mining that tend to employ more white males. In contrast to traditional retail workers, delivery drivers tend to be paid better. UPS delivery drivers seem to enjoy a certain level of prestige, respect and even a mystique within the workforce. (11) Maybe some of that respect will rub-off on retail workers if they become delivery employees. On the flip slide, competition from largely non-unionized and lower-paid retail workers may cut into pay and benefits that delivery drivers and their unions have fought for over the years.
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$158.00 donated in past month Add comment on:Iran: rape, torture and murder of prisoners as regime policy via A World to Win News Service September 7, 2009. A World to Win News Service. It seems there is no limit to the crimes that the Islamic Republic of Iran is committing against the people, especially youth who protested against years of repression and oppression. Guidelines for commenting on news articles: Thanks for contributing to Indybay's open publishing newswire. You may use any format for your response article, from traditional academic discourse to subjective personal account. Please keep it on topic and concise. And please read our editorial policy, privacy, and legal statements before continuing. Or go back to the article.
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Smile FX Teeth Whitening The Smile FX Breakthrough - Smile FX is a 15 Minute cosmetic teeth-whitening system that is self-administered by the client at spas, salons and wellness center locations with the assistance of trained and qualified spa staff. The SmileFX patented blue and red LED light technology activates our gel formulation, which results in whitening your client's teeth faster, deeper and keeps them their whitest longer. This has revolutionized cosmetic tooth whitening, in a manner that is safe, effective and pain free. Tooth Sensitivity - Smile FX is the # 1 choice for anyone with Tooth Sensitivity. This is a whitening system for people that experience sensitivity from other in-office dental whitening treatments, take home dental trays, or over-the counter whitening systems. Who is Eligible for Teeth Whitening? Anyone over the age of 12 can whiten their teeth. Crowns, Caps, and Veneers - Smile FX is safe for Crowns, Caps and Veneers, and stains will be removed during whitening, returning to their original colour. Professional and Retail products available.
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WASHINGTON -- More than 100 U.S. State Department staff members including the Marine guards were evacuated safely Saturday from the U.S. Embassy in Libya by convoy to Tunisia as Air Force F-16 fighters flew cover overhead. Embassy personnel reportedly destroyed classified documents or carried them away before joining the column of vehicles on the five-hour run to Tunisia that passed "without incident," according to Rear Adm. John Kirby, the Pentagon press secretary. The evacuation was ordered as fighting among rival militias in the Libyan capital of Tripoli came near the embassy grounds. Fighting at the airport had ruled out an air evacuation. As the convoy proceeded, F-16s and reconnaissance drones flew over the route. Marine MV-22 Ospreys with Marine Air-Ground Task Force troops aboard also followed the route as a precaution. At the State Department, spokeswoman Marie Harf said in a statement that "Due to the ongoing violence resulting from clashes between Libyan militias in the immediate vicinity of the U.S. Embassy in Tripoli, we have temporarily relocated all of our personnel out of Libya." Harf also called on all U.S. citizens remaining in Libya to "depart immediately." She said that the Embassy technically would remain open, but it was not immediately clear who might be present. "We did not make this decision lightly," Harf said, but "security has to come first. Regrettably, we had to take this step because the location of our embassy is in very close proximity to intense fighting and ongoing violence between armed Libyan factions," Harf said. In Paris Saturday, Secretary of State John Kerry told reporters that the evacuation was temporary and the staff would return as soon as the security situation would allow. In his statement, Kirby said that "all embassy personnel were relocated, including the Marine security guards who were providing security at the embassy and during the movement." "The embassy staff was driven in vehicles to Tunisia," Kirby said. "During movement, F-16’s, ISR (Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance) assets and an Airborne Response Force with MV-22 Ospreys provided security." Kirby said. The evacuation came nearly three years after the downfall of Moammar Khadafy, which was brought about with U.S. and NATO military assistance, in what then appeared to be a major achievement for the "Arab Spring" democracy movement. A year after Khadafy’s ouster, militants attacked the U.S. Consulate and an annex in Benghazi, killing Ambassador Christopher Stevens and three other Americans. A special committee of the House currently is preparing for another round of hearings on the Benghazi attacks. The evacuation marked another setback for U.S. policy in a region beset by Islamic militants in Iraq, a civil war in Syria and stalled negotiations with Iran on curbing its nuclear programs. In a statement, Rep. Howard "Buck’ McKeon, R-Calif., chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, said he was praying for the safety of all Americans in Libya. "I wish them a safe return, and for the safety of American troops watching over them." -- Richard Sisk can be reached at [email protected]
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Film Screening: Passage at St. Augustine Long before there was a Black Lives Matter movement in places like Cleveland, Ferguson, St. Paul Baton Rouge and Baltimore, there were black student activists in the tourist town of St. Augustine, Florida. Please join us on Thursday May 3rd at 6 p.m. for a screening of Passage at St. Augustine. This film, by local filmmaker Clennon L. King, tells the story of one of the bloodiest chapters in the Civil Rights struggle that led to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. A discussion with the filmmaker will follow the film. We look forward to seeing you there! Boston Public Library Grove Hall Branch 41 Geneva Avenue
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A group, the Nembe/Brass Advocates for Good Governance (NBGG), on Tuesady met to review the credentials of aspirants for the Brass/Nembe Federal Constituency seat, declaring that the choice of Hon. Israel Sunny-Igoli will be suitable to represent the people of the area in 2019. Hon. Israel Sunny Igoli is the member of the All Progressive Congress (APC) representing Brass constituency 2 at the State House of Assembly and the South-South Coordinator of the President Muhammad Buhari re-election in 2019. The group, made up of political elders and youths drawn from different political affiliations of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), the All Progressive Congress (APC) (PDP) from the two local government council of Nembe and Brass, said the decision was based on equity, justice and fair play. A PDP leader, Comrade Nimi Jackson, who confirmed the development to newsmen in Yenagoa, said the meeting was attended by politicians and youth leaders irrespective of political parties was held to fashion out a united front devoid of acrimony during the National Assembly elections. Comrade Jackson said though the decision of the elders was based on the issue of rotation of political positions between Nembe and Brass which has produced the incumbent federal lawmaker from the constituency, Hon. Foiyan Jephthah, “it is now the turn of Brass people to produce the federal lawmaker. “Everyone at the meeting agreed that Hon. Israel Sunny-Igoli is a young politician and with an acceptable political criteria. After close scrutiny, we passed a vote of confidence on him to be nominated and occupy the Nembe/Brass seat come 2019. “The decision was born out of months of consultation and meeting among stakeholders. And we are calling on all the other intending aspirants to support him as the voice of the people is the voice of God.”
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For those of you who own a Kindle, I just wanted to give you a heads up that the Kindle edition of the hard rock horror story Heart Shaped Box by Joe Hill (son of Stephen King) is currently available on the cheap--only $1.99! Snatch it up before the deal ends. Judas Coyne is a collector of the macabre: a cookbook for cannibals . . . a used hangman's noose . . . a snuff film. An aging death-metal rock god, his taste for the unnatural is as widely known to his legions of fans as the notorious excesses of his youth. But nothing he possesses is as unlikely or as dreadful as his latest discovery, an item for sale on the Internet, a thing so terribly strange, Jude can't help but reach for his wallet. I will "sell" my stepfather's ghost to the highest bidder. . . . For a thousand dollars, Jude will become the proud owner of a dead man's suit, said to be haunted by a restless spirit. He isn't afraid. He has spent a lifetime coping with ghosts—of an abusive father, of the lovers he callously abandoned, of the bandmates he betrayed. What's one more? But what UPS delivers to his door in a black heart-shaped box is no imaginary or metaphorical ghost, no benign conversation piece. It's the real thing. And suddenly the suit's previous owner is everywhere: behind the bedroom door . . . seated in Jude's restored vintage Mustang . . . standing outside his window . . . staring out from his widescreen TV. Waiting—with a gleaming razor blade on a chain dangling from one bony hand. . . .Click HERE to purchase!
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Answer: You can pay for your order on our web page with a credit card or a PayPal account if you have one. You can call us to place your order on the phone with a credit card 1.415.815.9465 And you can send check or money order to: The Northstar Fur Co PO Box 591 Hayward, CA 94543 Please include a clear note with your payment of the size and color you’d like to order, your name and mailing address, and your phone number in case we need to call you. Please note that if you send check, your order will ship after the check has cleared our bank account. Please be sure to confirm the price + shipping before sending a payment. Periodic sales and special offers maybe applicable to price. Discounts are not available in conjunctions with any other special offers.
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Definitions for narrativeˈnær ə tɪv This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word narrative Random House Webster's College Dictionary nar•ra•tiveˈnær ə tɪv(n.) a story or account of events, experiences, or the like, whether true or fictitious. the art, technique, or process of narrating. (adj.)consisting of or being a narrative: of or pertaining to narration. representing stories or events pictorially or sculpturally: Category: Fine Arts Origin of narrative: 1555–65; < L narrative, narration, story, tale(adj) a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program "his narrative was interesting"; "Disney's stories entertain adults as well as children" consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story The systematic recitation of an event or series of events. That which is narrated. Telling a story. Being overly talkative; garrulous. of or pertaining to narration; relating to the particulars of an event or transaction apt or inclined to relate stories, or to tell particulars of events; story-telling; garrulous that which is narrated; the recital of a story; a continuous account of the particulars of an event or transaction; a story A narrative is any account that presents connected events, and may be organized into various categories: non-fiction; fictionalized accounts of historical events; and fiction proper. Narrative is found in all forms of human creativity and art, including speech, writing, songs, film, television, video games, photography, theatre, and visual arts such as painting that describes a sequence of events. The word derives from the Latin verb narrare, "to tell", and is related to the adjective gnarus, "knowing" or "skilled". The word "story" may be used as a synonym of "narrative". It can also be used to refer to the sequence of events described in a narrative. Narratives may also be nested within other narratives, such as narratives told by unreliable narrator typically found in noir fiction genre. An important part of narration is the narrative mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration. British National Corpus Rank popularity for the word 'narrative' in Nouns Frequency: #2656 Translations for narrative Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary an exciting narrative. - رِوائي، قَصَصيArabic - narrativaPortuguese (BR) - historka, příběhCzech - ιστορία, αφήγημαGreek - narrativa, narración, relatoSpanish - narativan, pripovjedniCroatian - saga, frásögnIcelandic - stāsts; stāstījumsLatvian - historie, fortellingNorwegian - рассказ, повестьRussian - berättelse, skildringSwedish - 敘述Chinese (Trad.) - оповідання; повістьUkrainian - chuyện kểVietnamese - 记叙文,叙述Chinese (Simp.) Get even more translations for narrative » Find a translation for the narrative definition in other languages: Select another language:
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You’d think that we’ve posted every possible clock here at Hackaday. It turns out that we haven’t. But we have seen enough that we’ve started to categorize clock builds in our minds. There are the accuracy clocks which strive to get every microsecond just right, the bizzaro clocks that aim for most unique mechanism, and then there are “hello world” clocks that make a great introduction to building stuff. Today, we’re looking at a nice “hello world” clock. [electronics for everyone]’s build uses a stepper motor and a large labelled wheel that rotates relative to a fixed pointer. Roll the wheel, and the time changes. It looks tidy, it’s cyclical by design, and it’s a no-stress way to get your feet wet driving stepper motors. And it comes with a video, embedded below. The clock is driven by the ubiquitous 28BYJ-48 stepper motors that can be found on eBay for a few bucks. They don’t have much torque, but all they have to do here is turn a cardboard disk. It’s the perfect match. There is one caveat with these motors, though: they don’t have an integral number of steps per turn. If you have the “1:64” geared version, it’s actually geared 8910:567424. The upshot? Instead of 2,048 steps per turn, you need 2,037.8864. Get this wrong and you’re losing 14 minutes per day with a 12-hour wheel. So between just driving the motors, and the low torque and the non-integral gearing, there’s more to learn here than you’d think. You can add a real-time-clock circuit if you want it precise. With all this room to expand, you can get it built and running in a weekend for a few bucks. And that makes it the perfect “hello world”.
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The Summer I Became Mom's Loverbylovecraft68© "I'm sorry Mom," I started, "But...." "I'm sorry too Jason." She nodded wiping at her eyes. "I...I came on too fast, too soon, but dad wants it to be this week, and I thought after last night you might want me right away." "Mom, we can't do this." "We can and will," she said softly, "We'll at least try Jason." "I can't." I said almost whining in frustration. "I can," she told me, sounding more confident than she usually did. "I can and I'll make sure you can too, but not tonight." A surge of relief flowed through me, whether this was over or not at least I had some time to figure something out. In front of me, Mom beckoned me with her finger, "Come here Jason." I hesitated, and then stepped up to her. Mom put her arms out to me and I leaned into her embrace. Her hand went around my shoulders and she held me tightly. I could feel myself relax into her and put my arms around her waist, hugging her back. Mom lifter her head and smiling said, "I never did get my kiss." Before I could react, Mom's hands slid up to the back of my head and pulled my face towards hers. I started to protest as her lips pressed into mine, but when I opened my mouth, her tongue darted into it. I gasped and tried to draw back, but her hands were in my hair and she was surprisingly strong. I couldn't move without truly forcing her arms away and didn't want to do that. Instead I tried to keep my lips stiff and show no interest in the kiss. Mom didn't seem put out as she patiently began sliding her soft lips against mine. Her lips weren't the only thing moving back and forth as I could feel her nipples rubbing across my chest as she rocked side to side. Mom's tongue had left my mouth and pulling her lips back, began teasing across the edge of my mouth. At that point I could have turned my head from her, but didn't. Instead a soft moan escaped me as her tongue worked its way playfully around my lips and slid in to play across my own. Mom moaned as well and shoved her tits hard against me. My arms tightened around her waist and I gasped when she started sucking on my tongue. Her fingers were running through my hair and again my heart had started pounding in my chest. More disconcerting was the fact my cock was again at full attention and I could feel it pressing into her stomach, which meant could as well. As if of their own accord, my lips were now working against hers, sliding back and forth and pressing harder into her very soft lips. I had never had a problem with girls and had been with several, but no one, even Jen, had ever kissed me like this. I could feel my body trembling with nervous excitement as I continued to share the most passionate kiss of my life with the woman who raised me. At that thought, my eyes popped open and I did start to pull away. Mom didn't fight me; instead she stepped back from me and whistled, "Wow, that was something, what the hell was Jen thinking?" "I..." I stopped and shook my head, trying to catch my breath. Mom laughed and gave me a huge smile, "Told you older women are a lot better," she giggled, "At everything." With that, she made a show of licking her lips and gave me a wink. "Mom." I started, "We..." "It's Cynthia," she said seriously. "Or its Mom when we're just talking, but when we're playing it's going to be Cynthia." "Playing?" I asked, "No, we..." "Enough for now." Mom said in a tone that caused me to stop, it was a very motherly tone, and I had the sick thought that it wasn't really right to fight your mother now was it? Mom smiled again and said, "I'll see you tomorrow honey, and we'll go a little further. We'll work our way up to it, got it?" Before I could answer, her smile turned into a smirk and reaching down she squeezed my cock through my shorts. "Mom!" I gasped. "Cynthia." She said, then giving another squeeze, before letting go, added, "I told you I could make you Jason, when are you going to learn to listen to your mother?" I paced nervously back and forth in my room and for the hundredth time looked at the clock. It was almost eleven. I started to get my hopes up and think maybe Mom wouldn't show. As soon as I thought that, I rolled my eyes. She would be here; it was just a matter of when. I walked over to the window and leaning towards the screen took a deep breath of the cool summer air. The smell of the ocean had always soothed me, but tonight I doubted anything would calm me down. Anytime now my mother was going to come into my room and...spend the night. I had learned this early this morning when I was sitting out on the beach. When I'd gotten up, I quickly threw my running shoes on and gone for a run along the beach. I pushed myself to do five miles instead of my usual three. I'd barely slept after Mom had left me hard as a rock and flushed with embarrassment. Again, making me feel worse was the fact that she hadn't been gone ten minutes, before I was lying on my bed stroking my cock. This time there was no attempt to think of Jen or any other of my former girlfriends. From the second I started stroking to the time I blew my load; all thoughts were on my mother, picturing the things she had been whispering in my ear. I envisioned her on her knees, her blond head bobbing, then on her hands and knees, her firm ass pointing up at me. I had released my load to the image of her telling me to put it in her ass; after all, she had said anything. Within seconds of cumming I felt terrible. Not only spanking it to my mother, but thinking of shoving it in every hole she had. After tossing and turning all night, wondering what the hell was going to happen, I'd decided to try to wear myself out while keeping busy and run. But even while jogging, my mind was spinning. Mom was dead set on this as was dad. I didn't want to, or at least left alone and in my own thoughts I didn't, but Mom was right. As my mother I didn't want this, but if she became Cynthia again, could I resist it? Last night she'd had me ready to pop with just a kiss. What if she tried for more? I'd slowed my running to a walk and did another lap around the beach. Mom and dad were going to take a cruise on the Bay Queen for the day and I was hoping to just hang around the beach until they left. Apparently my father had figured that out and as I made to cut across the parking lot that separated the beach from the bike path I planned on following for a few miles, saw Dad sitting there in the red Mustang he'd bought himself when he was diagnosed. I knew he'd seen me, and with a resigned sigh, I walked up the car. Dad got out and pointing across the beach said, "It's absolutely beautiful here no?" "Always," I nodded. "Someday I'd like to own a house up here." "Someday you will." He nodded, "Architects make good money, and you'll be able to afford it." He sighed, "I hope you and Cynthia will still come here during the summer." "Maybe." I shrugged, "It might be hard you know after..." I trailed off. "Jason, these will be the best memories you'll have. This will never be a bad place, but a great one, no?" he smiled at me. "And the two of you will be making all new memories soon enough." "Dad, about that." "I know, it's a lot Jason, that's why you're trying to run yourself into a coma." He pointed at the hood of the car. "Pretty soon you'll have this to drive around." "Rather have you around." I said quietly. "Don't get that choice kid." He said, "But hey, you'll have something cool to remember me by." "This won't be what I remember you for." I told him, feeling the emotions starting again. "No, you'll have a much better ride to thank me for." He gave me a wink, then seeing the stricken look on my face, shook his head, "Okay, I'm sorry I won't joke about that." "Dad, don't make us do this." "I'm not making Cynthia and from what she said, you won't exactly be suffering when things get going." "I..." I put my head down, unsure of what to say. My entire life dad was who I discussed everything with, now here I was with this weighing on me and he was behind it. "You okay?" he asked. "Dad I...I jerked off to mom last night." I blurted out. He stared at me quietly for a moment, then nodded, "Then things are going fine." "No, they're not!" I snapped, "I felt like an asshole afterwards and feel even worse now! I won't do this." "The spirits willing, but the flesh Jason, is very weak." Dad said putting his arm around me. "Cynthia is more than you can resist so don't try." He shrugged, "Or try if a fight makes you feel better." "Nothing will make this better." "Not true. When the two of you are together you'll see, it will be better than anything you can imagine." I didn't answer and he sighed, "I know it's not easy to flip the switch Jason, I know I'm asking something that sounds like a story on some cheesy erotica site." "We need to come up with something else with Mom." I started. "No, this is the perfect solution. The two people dearest to me will take care of each other for the rest of their lives. I have to say, Cynthia is very excited about this, she is very focused on being with you Jason, I don't usually see her like that." "Figures." I rolled my eyes. "This is where she would stand her ground." Dad burst out laughing and I breathed a sigh of relief when it didn't turn to coughing. "That's a good one. Anyway Jason, speaking of Cynthia, she's going to spend the night with you tonight." "Tonight Cynthia is going to spend the night in your room," I started to protest, but he put his hand up, "She is going to sleep in your bed, if nothing happens, nothing happens, but she will spend the night with you." "Dad, this is...." "Not a discussion!" Dad snapped, taking me off guard. "Think this is easy for me? Think I like giving my wife away?" "You don't have to dad!" I told him, in his anger I saw a glimmer of hope, "We don't have to do this, I don't..." "Yes I do, don't you understand that?" He demanded, "Cynthia will lose it with me gone! She needs a man to be strong for her and she's afraid of them because of that animal! You're the only one who can take care of the love of my life and you'll do it." He paused and closed his eyes, his breathing was becoming ragged and he leaned on the car. "Dad, are you..." "Fine, I'm fine." He said quietly, "This is a...unique situation Jason, meaning none of us have been here before and it's not easy, but we'll all be the better for it." He looked away as he spoke. "Once you and Cynthia are together, she'll still spend most of her time with me, but some nights with you as well. Don't feel guilty, and I told her that as well, I'm as okay with it as I can be and fact is, I won't be able to make her happy in that way too much longer." "She doesn't love you for that." I pointed out. "And she'll still love me just as much, she'll just be getting...." He shrugged, "That from you." He gave me a poor attempt at a smile, "You'll suffer nobly I'm sure." "No more talking Jason, Cynthia and I are going out on the cruise and will enjoy the day, she'll come to you tonight," his eyes hardened, "You won't send her away, understood?" I locked eyes with him and saw there was no way to change his mind, putting my head down, I whispered, "Yes sir." "You're a good son and a hell of a man Jason," dad said clapping me on the shoulder. Yeah, I thought as I looked out at the moon over the ocean, all good sons let their mothers seduce them while their father's dying. I had spent a good part of the day seriously considering running away. Hopping a ride from someone to downtown then taking the bus back to Providence. At one point I'd even caught myself walking down to where Tammy was staying, maybe do lunch with her, get her number and ask her for a ride. In the end I'd stayed, Dad would be upset and Mom would feel I didn't want her. I shook my head at the thought that I may really have to go through with this. I jumped at a knock and looked longingly at the window, imagining jumping out and running across the beach, running away from this insanity. Instead, I turned away and walked over to the door. I was wearing a t-shirt and shorts. Normally I slept in just my underwear, but wasn't going to tonight. As I opened the door, I found myself dreading what Mom would be wearing, probably some kind of killer lingerie. To my relief, Mom was wearing a white tank top with her long blonde hair in a pony tail. She wasn't wearing any make up, and when she entered the room, my relief grew when I saw she was wearing a pair of baggy plaid shorts. When she turned to face me, I had to admit that she looked damn cute like this. Cute was something I could deal with, I'd been expecting her to show up dressed to tease. "Hi honey," she said softly as she gave me a peck on the cheek. "I'm sleepy, you ready to call it a night?" I looked at her waiting for the other shoe to drop, was it really going to be this simple? "You just want to go to bed?" I asked. "Sure," she gave me a shy little smile, "Unless you have a better idea." "No!" I said quickly, then feeling bad, tried again, "I mean, um...I'm tired too and...." "It's okay Jason," she said, "I told you, we'll go slow, I'm just here to be your bed buddy tonight, that okay?" "Uh, sure." I said as she walked over to the bed. "But, I will tell you I like to cuddle," she gave me the big blue eyes along with another adorably shy smile, "You don't mind if I snuggle up to you do you?" I nodded as I made my way over to the other side of the bed. Even though she'd said we weren't going to do anything and she wasn't pushing, I still felt that warm sensation retuning. Then it hit me, I'd always been more attracted to next door cute over hot and that was the look mom was sporting. At the moment she could be Jen or any cute little coed. I lifted the sheet and started to slide under it when Mom pointed and said, "You really sleep in clothes?" "I thought you slept in just your underwear." 'Usually," I told her, "But...." "Then take your clothes off." She told me, "I told you, I'm not looking for that, but I want you to be comfortable." Here we go, I thought. I considered arguing, but things seemed okay at the moment so I would play along. Besides, like she had said last night I had bathing suits that showed more. I slipped my shirt off, then unzipping my shorts began to pull them down. I looked up to see mom looking and turning around pushed my shorts down. "Nice ass." Mom said, as I bent over. "Thanks, I guess." I muttered, and looked down to make sure my cock wasn't bulging too much. Turning I lifted the sheet and slipped under it so quickly Mom laughed, "Aww you're so cute when you're shy." "Anyway, guess I should practice what I preach." Reaching under her shirt behind her, Mom unhooked her bra and sliding the straps down, pulled it out along one side of her tank top and tossed it on the floor. "Damn I needed that," she said as she rubbed her tits, "Things get uncomfortable at the end of the day." Uncomfortable was one way to put how I felt, as when she moved her hands her hard nipples were poking through the thin white tank top. Mom turned away from me and as my eyes widened pulled down her shorts. Underneath she was wearing a pair of lace red boy shorts that hugged her tightly and left her tanned ass cheeks exposed. Oh, fuck me, I thought. Mom stayed bent over for a moment and made a show of wiggling out of her shorts. I told myself to look away, but couldn't. Her ass was small and damn firm looking, I swallowed hard at the thought of it bare and pointing up at me. Mom kicked the shorts away and lifting her side of the sheet slipped in next to me. All the beds in the house were queen size and there was plenty of room, but Mom slid all the way over until I could feel her hip touching mine. She smiled at me and kissing my cheek said, "Good night honey." "Night Mom." I said as I reached out and shut the lamp off. "Cynthia." She said digging her elbow into my side. "Good night Cynthia." I said softly. I closed my eyes and started breathing slow and deep, hoping she would think I had fallen right to sleep. She obviously didn't buy it as she said, "The moon is beautiful tonight, you have a better view than we do." "Yeah it is," I answered looking out the window at the moonlit ocean. Mom sat up and started out at the ocean and as she did, I couldn't help but notice how good she looked in the moonlight, she really was a gorgeous woman. She sat there silently, a serious look on her face and I wondered if she were replaying some of her times here with dad in her mind. She confirmed that when she looked down at me and with a sad smile said, "So many memories here." "That there are." I said quietly. "Many more to come." She said and sliding back down turned on her side to face me. "I guess." I answered, then lamely added, "I'm tired m...Cynthia." "Okay." She nodded, then asked, "Put your arm out?" I stretched my arm out along the pillow and mom slid close until her head was resting on my shoulder. She placed her hand on my chest and draping her leg over mine, sighed contentedly, "My favorite way to sleep." "I always sleep on my back." I told her, "So uh...I guess this works out." "Everything will work out honey, you'll see." She slid down a little further and snuggled her head against my chest. "You feel good Jason." "So do you" I replied. "Then put your arm around me." She giggled, "Cuddle me in like I'm your girlfriend." I brought my arm up and put it around her shoulder. I had to admit, she felt damn good. Her skin was warm and her soft hair was against my skin. She closed her eyes and sighed sweetly and the sound made me pull her closer. She gave me a soft kiss just over my nipple, that caused me to jump, but she didn't repeat the gesture. A moment later, she began breathing deeply and I started to relax, this wasn't bad at all. Again the situation was far from ideal, but at least it seemed I had gotten somewhat of a reprieve. That reprieve was short lived however as the longer I lay there, the more I became aware of exactly how good Mom felt. She had snuggled as close as possible to me and I could feel her nipples pressing into my side. Worse, the feeling f her long soft leg lying over my own was starting to get to me. She had her leg so far over me that I could feel her crotch against my thigh. I told myself it was my imagination and that I couldn't really feel the warmer flesh between her legs. I started idly caressing her, letting my fingers trace the curve of her shoulder. Mom made a cute little cooing noise in her sleep and I continued the motion. She did feel good. Not just physically, but emotionally, it felt good to be close to her. To hold her and know she was enjoying it. The two of us had been through a lot lately and maybe it wasn't so bad to be close here and there. Feeling a wave of affection for her, I gently kissed the top of her head. Mom made that little noise again and I smiled and closed my eyes. They immediately popped open when Mom started moving her foot. She was sliding it up and down, rubbing her soft skin against my leg. I had noticed her toe nails were the same deep red as her fingers and shook off the thought of seeing those feet on my shoulders. Speaking of nails, Mom's fingers were now moving, lightly rubbing my chest the way I was her shoulder. I looked down and in the moonlight, could see those red nails teasing my skin. I felt a wave of nervousness go through me as I noticed her hand was dipping lower each time she slid it back and forth. Within moments she was rubbing the lower part of my stomach. I groaned inwardly as I felt my cock stiffening. I closed my eyes, trying to will my impending erection away. At that moment, Mom started rubbing her entire leg, up and down mine. The feeling of her warm soft skin was driving me crazy and I could feel my now completely hard cock, throbbing beneath the sheet. I could more than feel it, with a start I realized I was pitching a pretty obvious tent. I took a deep breath, hoping to hell Mom was just fidgeting in her sleep and wouldn't see...
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The idea for this has been in the works since July 2015. It has gone through many redesigns since then, each drastically different than the last, but this is the one I settled on. The rooms on the side of the thing don’t have anything in them, except for a few printed tiles on the wall in one of them, as you can see in the last picture. Enjoy! The dojo master: Constructive criticism always appreciated!
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6 letter and longer words starting with:walers Back to wale Some random words: placabilities This is not a dictionary, it's a word game wordfinder. - Help and FAQ - Examples - Home MoreWords.com - V - e2k - 7.723mS
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President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam references the Stephen Hawking Program on Yahoo! Answers Talk about Yahoo! as “a movement” On the eve of our 60th Independence Day, President A. P. J. Abdul Kalam while addressing the nation last evening made reference to the Stephen Hawking question on Yahoo! Answers. “How can the human race survive the next hundred years?” Here is an excerpt from his speech. The Future of Human Society At this stage, with so much of natural and man made disasters facing planet Earth, let me share with you a thought from Stephen Hawking. He is considered as one of the world’s leading theoretical physicists who discovered the super string theory. He asked an open question in June 2006, “How can the human race survive the next hundred years?” When he received well over 20000 mixed responses on e-mail, he admitted that he does not have an answer. You have heard me today on the eve of the 60th Independence Day. I am sure that you share my strong belief that with the strength of our youth and our civilization heritage we can together find an answer. Hence, let me conclude with the mission ahead. The full text of his speech is available on the URL:
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Since for his eminent Qualities and Loyalty Grac'd, by his Majesty, with the Honour of Knighthood. That the Man's name was John Vermaasen, at that time about 33 Years of Age; that when he was but two years Old, he had the Small Pox, which rendred him absolutely Blind: That at this present he is an Organist, and serves that Office in a publick Quire. That the Doctor discoursing with him over Night, the Blind man affirm'd, that he could distinguish Colours by the Touch, but that he could not do it, unless he were Fasting; Any quantity of Drink taking from him that Exquisitness of Touch, which is requisite to so Nice a Sensation. That hereupon the Doctor provided against the next Morning seven pieces of Ribbon, of these seven Colours, Black, White, Red, Blew, Green, Yellow, and Gray, but as for mingled Colours, this Vermaasen would not undertake to discern them, though if offer'd, he would tell that they were Mix'd. That to discern the Colour of the Ribbon, he places it betwixt the Thumb and the Fore-finger, but his most exquisite perception was in his Thumb, and much better in the right Thumb than in the left. That after the Blind man had four or five times told the Doctor the several Colours, (though Blinded with a Napkin for fear he might have some Sight) the Doctor found he was twice mistaken, for he call'd the White Black, and the Red Blew, but still, he, before his Errour, would lay them by in Pairs, saying, that though he could easily distinguish them from all others, yet those two Pairs were not easily distinguish'd amongst themselves, whereupon the Doctor desir'd to be told by him what kind of Discrimination he had of Colours by his Touch, to which he gave a reply, for whose sake chiefly I insert all this Narrative in this place, namely, That all the difference was more or less Asperity, for says he, (I give you the Doctor's own words) Black feels as if you were feeling Needles points, or some harsh Sand, and Red feels very Smooth. That the Doctor having desir'd him to tell in Order the difference of Colours to his Touch, he did as follows; Black and White are the most asperous or unequal of all Colours, and so like, that 'tis very hard to distinguish them, but Black is the most Rough of the two, Green is next in Asperity, Gray next to Green in Asperity, Yellow is the fifth in degree of Asperity, Red and Blew are so like, that they are as hard to distinguish as Black and White, but Red is somewhat more Asperous than Blew, so that Red has the sixth place, and Blew the seventh in Asperity. 12. To these Informations the Obliging Doctor was pleas'd to add the welcome present of three of those very pieces of Ribbon, whose Colours in his presence the Blind man had distinguished, pronouncing the one Gray, the other Red, and the third Green, which I keep by me as Rarities, and the rather, because he fear'd the rest were miscarry'd. 13. Before I saw the Notes that afforded me the precedent Narrative, I confess I suspected this man might have thus discriminated Colours, rather by the Smell than by the Touch; for some of the Ingredients imployed by Dyers to Colour things, have Sents, that are not so Languid, nor so near of Kin, but that I thought it not impossible that a very Critical Nose might distinguish them, and this I the rather suspected, because he requir'd, that the Ribbons, whose Colours he was to Name, should be offer'd him Fasting in the morning; for I have observ'd in Setting Doggs, that the feeding of them (especially with some sorts of Aliments) does very much impair the exquisite sent of their Noses. And though some of the foregoing particulars would have prevented that Conjecture, yet I confess to you (Pyrophilus) that I would gladly have had the Opportunity of Examining this Man my self, and of Questioning him about divers particulars which I do not find to have been yet thought upon. And though it be not incredible to me, that since the Liquors that Dyers imploy to tinge, are qualifi'd to do so by multitudes of little Corpuscles of the Pigment or Dying stuff, which are dissolved and extracted by the Liquor, and swim to and fro in it, those Corpuscles of Colour (as the Atomists call them) insinuating themselves into, and filling all the Pores of the Body to be Dyed, may Asperate its Superficies more or less according to the Bigness and Texture of the Corpuscles of the Pigment; yet I can scarce believe, that our Blind man could distinguish all the Colours he did, meerly by the Ribbons having more or less of Asperity, so that I cannot but think, notwithstanding this History, that the Blind man distinguish'd Colours not only by the Degrees of Asperity in the Bodies offer'd to him, but by Forms of it, though this (latter) would perhaps have been very difficult for him to make an Intelligible mention of, because those Minute disparities having not been taken notice of by men for want of touch as Exquisite as our Blind Mans, are things he could not have Intelligibly express'd, which will easily seem Probable, if you consider, that under the name of Sharp, and Sweet, and Sour, there are abundance of, as it were, immediate peculiar Relishes or Tasts in differing sorts of Wine, which though Critical and Experienc'd Palats can easily discern themselves cannot make them be understood by others, such Minute differences not having hitherto any Distinct names assign'd them. And it seems that there was somthing in the Forms of Asperity that was requisite to the Distinction of Colours, besides the Degree of it, since he found it so difficult to distingush Black and White from one another, though not from other Colours. For I might urge, that he seems not consonant to himself about the Red, which as you have seen in one place, he represents as somewhat more Asperous than the Blew; and in another, very Smooth: But because he speaks of this Smoothness in that place, where he mentions the Roughness of Black, we may favourably presume that he might mean but a comparative Smoothness; and therefore I shall not Insist on this, but rather Countenance my Conjecture by this, that he found it so Difficult, not only, to Discriminate Red and Blew, (though the first of our promiscuous Experiments will inform you, that the Red reflects by great Odds more Light than the other) but also to distinguish Black and White from one another, though not from other Colours. And indeed, though in the Ribbonds that were offer'd him, they might be almost equally Rough, yet in such slender Corpuscles as those of Colour, there may easily enough be Conceiv'd, not only a greater Closeness of Parts, or else Paucity of Protuberant Corpuscles, and the little extant Particles may be otherwise Figur'd, and Rang'd in the White than in the Black, but the Cavities may be much Deeper in the one than the other. 14. And perhaps, (Pyrophilus) it may prove some Illustration of what I mean, and help you to conceive how this may be, if I Represent, that where the Particles are so exceeding Slender, we may allow the Parts expos'd to the Sight and Touch to be a little Convex in comparison of the Erected Particle of Black Bodies, as if there were Wyres I know not how many times Slenderer than a Hair: whether you suppose them to be Figur'd like Needles, or Cylindrically, like the Hairs of a Brush, with Hemisphaerical (or at least Convex) Tops, they will be so very Slender, and consequently the Points both of the one sort and the other so very Sharp, that even an exquisite Touch will be able to distinguish no greater Difference between them, than that which our Blind man allow'd, when comparing Black and White Bodies, he said, that the latter was the less Rough of the two. Nor is every Kind of Roughness, though Sensible enough, Inconsistent with Whiteness, there being Cases, wherein the Physical Superficies of a Body is made by the same Operation both Rough and white, as when the Level Surface of clear Water being by agitation Asperated with a multitude of Unequal Bubbles, do's thereby acquire a Whiteness; and as a Smooth piece of Glass, by being Scratch'd with a Diamond, do's in the Asperated part of its Surface disclose the same Colour. But more (perchance) of this elsewhere. 15. And therefore, we shall here pass by the Question, whether any thing might be consider'd about the Opacity of the Corpuscles of Black Pigments, and the Comparative Diaphaneity of those of many White Bodies, apply'd to our present Case; and proceed, to represent, That the newly mention'd Exiguity and Shape of the extant Particles being suppos'd, it will then be considerable what we lately but Hinted, (and therefore must now somewhat Explane) That the Depth of the little Cavities, intercepted between the extant Particles, without being so much greater in Black Bodies than in White ones, as to be perceptibly so to the Gross Organs of Touch, may be very much greater in reference to their Disposition of Reflecting the imaginary subtile Beams of Light. For in Black Bodies, those Little intercepted Cavities, and other Depressions, may be so Figur'd, so Narrow and so Deep, that the incident Beams of Light, which the more extant Parts of the Physical Superficies are dispos'd to Reflect inwards, may be Detain'd there, and prove unable to Emerge; whilst in a White Body, the Slender Particles may not only by their Figure be fitted to Reflect the Light copiously outwards, but the intercepted Cavities being not Deep, nor perhaps very Narrow, the Bottoms of them may be so Constituted, as to be fit to Reflect outwards much of the Light that falls even upon Them; as you may possibly better apprehend, when we shall come to treat of Whiteness and Blackness. In the mean time it may suffice, that you take Notice with me, that the Blind mans Relations import no necessity of Concluding, that, though, because, according to the Judgment of his Touch, Black was the Roughest, as it is the Darkest of Colours, therefore White, which (according to us) is the Lightest, should be also the Smoothest: since I observe, that he makes Yellow to be two Degrees more Asperous than Blew, and as much less Asperous than Green; whereas indeed, Yellow do's not only appear to the Eye a Lighter Colour than Blew, but (by our first Experiment hereafter to be mention'd) it will appear, that Yellow reflected much more Light than Blew, and manifestly more than Green, (which we need not much wonder at, since in this Colour and the two others (Blew and Yellow) 'tis not only the Reflected Light that is to be considered, since to produce both these, Refraction seems to Intervene, which by its Varieties may much alter the Case:) which both seems to strengthen the Conjecture I was formerly proposing, that there was something else in the Kinds of Asperity, as well as in the Degrees of it, which enabled our Blind man to Discriminate Colours, and do's at least show, that we cannot in all Cases from the bare Difference in the Degrees of Asperity betwixt Colours, safely conclude, that the Rougher of any two always Reflects the least Light. 16. But this notwithstanding, (Pyrophilus) and what ever Curiosity I may have had to move some Questions to our Sagacious Blind man, yet thus much I think you will admit us to have gain'd by his Testimony, that since many Colours may be felt with the Circumstances above related, the Surfaces of such Coloured Bodies must certainly have differing Degrees, and in all probability have differing Forms or Kinds of Asperity belonging to them, which is all the Use that my present attempt obliges me to make of the History above deliver'd, that being sufficient to prove, that Colour do's much depend upon the Disposition of the Superficial parts of Bodies, and to shew in general, wherein 'tis probable that such a Disposition do's (principally at least) consist. 17. But to return to what I was saying before I began to make mention of our Blind Organist, what we have deliver'd touching the causes of the several Forms or Asperity that may Diversifie the Surfaces of Colour'd Bodies, may perchance somewhat assist us to make some Conjectures in the general, at several of the ways whereby 'tis possible for the Experiments hereafter to be mention'd, to produce the suddain changes of Colours that are wont to be Consequent upon them; for most of these Phaenomena being produc'd by the Intervention of Liquors, and these for the most part abounding with very Minute, Active, and Variously Figur'd Saline Corpuscles, Liquors so Qualify'd may well enough very Nimbly after the Texture of the Body they are imploy'd to Work upon, and so may change the form of Asperity, and thereby make them Remit to the Eye the Light that falls on them, after another manner than they did before, and by that means Vary the Colour, so farr forth as it depends upon the Texture or Disposition of the Seen Parts of the Object, which I say, Pyrophilus, that you may not think I would absolutely exclude all other ways of Modifying the Beams of Light between their Parting from the Lucid Body, and their Reception into the common Sensory. 18. Now there seem to me divers ways, by which we may conceive that Liquors may Nimbly alter the Colour of one another, and of other Bodies, upon which they Act, but my present haste will allow me to mention but some of them, without Insisting so much as upon those I shall name. 19. And first, the Minute Corpuscles that compose a Liquor may early insinuate themselves into those Pores of Bodies, whereto their Size and Figure makes them Congruous, and these Pores they may either exactly Fill, or but Inadequately, and in this latter Case they will for the most part alter the Number and Figure, and always the Bigness of the former Pores. And in what capacity soever these Corpuscles of a Liquor come to be Lodg'd or Harbour'd in the Pores that admit them, the Surface of the Body will for the most part have its Asperity alter'd, and the Incident Light that meets with a Grosser Liquor in the little Cavities that before contain'd nothing but Air, or some yet Subtiler Fluid, will have its Beams either Refracted, or Imbib'd, or else Reflected more or less Interruptedly, than they would be, if the Body had been Unmoistned, as we see, that even fair Water falling on white Paper, or Linnen, and divers other Bodies apt to soak it in, will for some such Reasons as those newly mention'd, immediately alter the Colour of them, and for the most part make it Sadder than that of the Unwetted Parts of the same Bodies. And so you may see, that when in the Summer the High-ways are Dry and Dusty, if there falls store of Rain, they will quickly appear of a much Darker Colour than they did before, and if a Drop of Oyl be let fall upon a Sheet of White Paper, that part of it, which by the Imbibition of the Liquor acquires a greater Continuity, and some Transparency, will appear much Darker than the rest, many of the Incident Beams of Light being now Transmitted, that otherwise would be Reflected towards the Beholders Eyes. 20. Secondly, A Liquor may alter the Colour of a Body by freeing it from those things that hindred it from appearing in its Genuine Colour; and though this may be said to be rather a Restauration of a Body to its own Colour, or a Retection of its native Colour, than a Change, yet still there Intervenes in it a change of the Colour which the Body appear'd to be of before this Operation. And such a change a Liquor may work, either by Dissolving, or Corroding, or by some such way of carrying off that Matter, which either Veil'd or Disguis'd the Colour that afterwards appears. Thus we restore Old pieces of Dirty Gold to a clean and nitid Yellow, by putting them into the Fire, and into Aqua-fortis, which take off the adventitious Filth that made that pure Metall look of a Dirty Colour. And there is also an easie way to restore Silver Coyns to their due Lustre, by fetching off that which Discolour'd them. And I know a Chymical Liquor, which I employ'd to restore pieces of Cloath spotted with Grease to their proper Colour, by Imbibing the Spotted part with this Liquor, which Incorporating with the Grease, and yet being of a very Volatile Nature, does easily carry it away with it Self. And I have sometimes try'd, that by Rubbing upon a good Touch-stone a certain Metalline mixture so Compounded, that the Impression it left upon the Stone appear'd of a very differing Colour from that of Gold, yet a little of Aqua-fortis would in a Trice make the Golden Colour disclose it self, by Dissolving the other Metalline Corpuscles that conceal'd those of the Gold, which you know that Menstruum will leave Untouch'd. 21. Thirdly, A Liquor may alter the Colour of a Body by making a Comminution of its Parts, and that principally two ways, the first by Disjoyning and Dissipating those Clusters of Particles, if I may so call them, which stuck more Loosely together, being fastned only by some more easily Dissoluble Ciment, which seems to be the Case of some of the following Experiments, where you'l find the Colour of many Corpuscles brought to cohere by having been Precipitated together, Destroy'd by the Affusion of very peircing and incisive Liquors. The other of the two ways I was speaking of, is, by Dividing the Grosser and more Solid Particles into Minute ones, which will be always Lesser, and for the most part otherwise Shap'd than the Entire Corpuscle so Divided, as it will happen in a piece of Wood reduc'd into Splinters or Chips, or as when a piece of Chrystal heated red Hot and quench'd in Cold water is crack'd into a multitude of little Fragments, which though they fall not asunder, alter the Disposition of the Body of the Chrystal, as to its manner of Reflecting the Light, as we shall have Occasion to shew hereafter. 22. There is a fourth way contrary to the third, whereby a Liquor may change the Colour of another Body, especially of another Fluid, and that is, by procuring the Coalition of several Particles that before lay too Scatter'd and Dispers'd to exhibit the Colour that afterwards appears. Thus sometimes when I have had a Solution of Gold so Dilated, that I doubted whether the Liquor had really Imbib'd any true Gold or no, by pouring in a little Mercury, I have been quickly able to satisfie my Self, that the Liquor contain'd Gold, that Mettall after a little while Cloathing the Surface of the Quick-silver, with a Thin Film of its own Livery. And chiefly, though not only by this way of bringing the Minute parts of Bodies together in such Numbers as to make them become Notorious to the Eye, many of these Colours seem to be Generated which are produc'd by Precipitations, especially by such as are wont to be made with fair Water, as when Resinous Gumms dissolv'd in Spirit of Wine, are let fall again, if the Spirit be Copiously diluted with that weakning Liquor. And so out of the Rectify'd and Transparent Butter of Antimony, by the bare Mixture of fair Water, there will be plentifully Precipitated that Milk-white Substance, which by having its Looser Salts well wash'd off, is turn'd into that Medicine, which Vulgar Chymists are pleas'd to call Mercurius Vitae. 23. A fifth way, by which a Liquor may change the Colour of a Body, is, by Dislocating the Parts, and putting them out of their former Order into another, and perhaps also altering the Posture of the single Corpuscles as well as their Order or Situation in respect of one another. What certain Kinds of Commotion or Dislocation of the Parts of a Body may do towards the Changing its Colour, is not only evident in the Mutations of Colour observable in Quick-silver, and some other Concretes long kept by Chymists in a Convenient Heat, though in close Vessels, but in the Obvious Degenerations of Colour, which every Body may take notice of in Bruis'd Cherries, and other Fruit, by comparing after a while the Colour of the Injur'd with that of the Sound part of the same Fruit. And that also such Liquors, as we have been speaking of, may greatly Discompose the Textures of many Bodies, and thereby alter the Disposition of their Superficial parts, the great Commotion made in Metalls, and several other Bodies by Aqua-fortis, Oyl of Vitriol, and other Saline Menstruums, may easily perswade us, and what such Vary'd Situations of Parts may do towards the Diversifying of the manner of their Reflecting the Light, may be Guess'd in some Measure by the Beating of Transparent Glass into a White Powder, but farr better by the Experiments lately Pointed at, and hereafter Deliver'd, as the Producing and Destroying Colours by the means of subtil Saline Liquors, by whose Affusion the Parts of other Liquors are manifestly both Agitated, and likewise Dispos'd after another manner than they were before such Affusion. And in some Chymical Oyls, as particularly that of Lemmon Pills, by barely Shaking the Glass, that holds it, into Bubbles, that Transposition of the Parts which is consequent to the Shaking, will shew you on the Surfaces of the Bubbles exceeding Orient and Lively Colours, which when the Bubbles relapse into the rest of the Oyl, do immediately Vanish. 24. I know not, Pyrophilus, whether I should mention as a Distinct way, because it is of a somewhat more General Nature, that Power, whereby a Liquor may alter the Colour of another Body, by putting the Parts of it into Motion; For though possibly the Motion so produc'd, does, as such, seldome suddenly change the Colour of the Body whose Parts are Agitated, yet this seems to be one of the most General, however not Immediate causes of the Quick change of Colours in Bodies. For the Parts being put into Motion by the adventitious Liquor, divers of them that were before United, may become thereby Disjoyn'd, and when that Motion ceases or decays others of them may stick together, and that in a new Order, by which means the Motion may sometimes produce Permanent changes of Colours, as in the Experiment you will meet with hereafter, of presently turning a Snowy White Body into a Yellow, by the bare Affusion of fair Water, which probably so Dissolves the Saline Corpuscles that remain'd in the Calx, and sets them at Liberty to Act upon one another, and the Metall, far more Powerfully than the Water without the Assistance of such Saline Corpuscles could do. And though you rubb Blew Vitriol, how Venereal and Unsophisticated soever it be, upon the Whetted Blade of a Knife, it will not impart to the Iron its Latent Colour, but if you moisten the Vitriol with your Spittle, or common Water, the Particles of the Liquor disjoyning those of the Vitriol, and thereby giving them the Various Agitation requisite to Fluid Bodies, the Metalline Corpuscles of the thus Dissolv'd Vitriol will Lodge themselves in Throngs in the Small and Congruous Pores of the Iron they are Rubb'd on, and so give the Surface of it the Genuine Colour of the Copper. 25. There remains yet a way, Pyrophilus to be mention'd, by which a Liquor may alter the Colour of another Body, and this seems the most Important of all, because though it be nam'd but as One, yet it may indeed comprehend Many, and that is, by Associating the Saline Corpuscles, or any other Sort of the more Rigid ones of the Liquor, with the Particles of the Body that it is employ'd to Work upon. For these Adventitious Corpuscles Associating themselves with the Protuberant Particles of the Surface of a Colour'd Body, must necessarily alter their Bigness, and will most commonly alter their Shape. And how much the Colours of Bodies depend upon the Bulk and Figure of their Superficial Particles, you may Guess by this, that eminent antient Philosophers and divers Moderns, have thought that all Colours might in a general way be made out by these two; whose being Diversify'd, will in our Case be attended with these two Circumstances, the One, that the Protuberant Particles being Increas'd in Bulk, they will oftentimes be Vary'd as to the Closness or Laxity of their Order, fewer of them being contain'd within the same Sensible (though Minute) space than before; or else by approaching to one another, they must Straighten the Pores, and it may be too, they will by their manner of Associating themselves with the Protuberant Particles, intercept new Pores. And this invites me to consider farther, that the Adventitious Corpuscles, I have been speaking of, may likewise produce a great Change as well in the Little Cavities or Pores as in the Protuberances of a Colour'd Body; for besides what we have just now taken notice of, they may by Lodging themselves in those little Cavities, fill them up, and it may well happen, that they may not only fill the Pores they Insinuate themselves into, but likewise have their Upper Parts extant above them; and partly by these new Protuberances, partly by Increasing the Bulk of the former, these Extraneous Corpuscles may much alter the Number and Bigness of the Surfaces Pores, changing the Old and Intercepting new ones. And then 'tis Odds, but the Order of the Little Extancies, and consequently that of the Little Depressions in point of Situation will be alter'd likewise: as if you dissolve Quick-silver in some kind of Aqua-fortis, the Saline Particles of the Menstruum Associating themselves with the Mercurial Corpuscles, will make a Green Solution, which afterwards easily enough Degenerates. And Red Lead or Minium being Dissolv'd in Spirit of Vinegar, yields not a Red, but a Clear Solution, the Redness of the Lead being by the Liquor Destroy'd. But a better Instance may be taken from Copper, for I have try'd, that if upon a Copper-plate you let some Drops of weak Aqua-fortis rest for a while, the Corpuscles of the Menstruum, joyning with those of the Metall, will produce a very sensible Asperity upon the Surface of the Plate, and will Concoagulate that way into very minute Grains of a Pale Blew Vitriol; whereas if upon another part of the same Plate you suffer a little strong Spirit of Urine to rest a competent time, you shall find the Asperated Surface adorn'd with a Deeper and Richer Blew. And the same Aqua-fortis, that will quickly change the Redness of Red Lead into a Darker Colour, will, being put upon Crude Lead, produce a Whitish Substance, as with Copper it did a Blewish. And as with Iron it will produce a Reddish, and on White Quills a Yellowish, so much may the Coalition of the Parts of the same Liquor, with the differingly Figur'd Particles of Stable Bodies, divers ways Asperate the differingly Dispos'd Surfaces, and to Diversifie the Colour of those Bodies. And you'l easily believe, that in many changes of Colour, that happen upon the Dissolutions of Metalls, and Precipitations made with Oyl of Tartar, and the like Fix'd Salts, there may Intervene a Coalition of Saline Corpuscles with the Particles of the Body Dissolv'd or Precipitated, if you examine how much the Vitriol of a Metall may be Heavier than the Metalline part of it alone, upon the Score of the Saline parts Concoagulated therewith, and, that in Several Precipitations the weight of the Calx does for the same Reason much exceed that of the Metall, when it was first put in to be Dissolv'd. 26. But, Pyrophilus, to consider these Matters more particularly would be to forget that I declar'd against Adventuring, at least for this time, at particular Theories of Colours, and that accordingly you may justly expect from me rather Experiments than Speculations, and therefore I shall Dismiss this Subject of the Forms of Superficial Asperity in Colour'd Bodies, as soon as I shall but have nam'd to you by way of Supplement to what we have hitherto Discours'd in this Section, a Couple of Particulars, (which you'l easily grant me) The one, That there are divers other ways for the speedy Production even of True and Permanent Colours in Bodies, besides those Practicable by the help of Liquors; for proof of which Advertisement, though several Examples might be alleged, yet I shall need but Re-mind you of what I mention'd to you above, touching the change of Colours suddenly made on Temper'd Steel, and on Lead, by the Operation of Heat, without the Intervention of a Liquor. But the other particular I am to observe to you is of more Importance to our present Subject and it is, That though Nature and Art may in some cases so change the Asperity of the Superficial parts of a Body, as to change its Colour by either of the ways I have propos'd Single or Unassisted, yet for the most part 'tis by two or three, or perhaps by more of the fore-mention'd ways Associated together, that the Effect is produc'd, and if you consider how Variously those several ways and some others Ally'd unto them, which I have left unmention'd, may be Compounded and Apply'd, you will not much wonder that such fruitfull, whether Principles (or Manners of Diversification) should be fitted to Change or Generate no small store of Differing Colours. 27. Hitherto, Pyrophilus, we have in discoursing of the Asperity of Bodies consider'd the little Protuberances of other Superficial particles which make up that Roughness, as if we took it for granted, that they must be perfectly Opacous and Impenetrable by the Beams of Light, and so, must contribute to the Variety of Colours as they terminate more or less Light, and reflect it to the Eye mix'd with more or less of thus or thus mingl'd Shades. But to deal Ingenuously with you, Pyrophilus, before I proceed any further, I must not conceal from you, that I have often thought it worth a Serious Enquiry, whether or no Particles of Matter, each of them sing'y Insensible, and therefore small enough to be capable of being such Minute Particles as the Atomists both of old and of late have (not absurdly) called Corpuscula Coloris, may not yet consist each of them of divers yet Minuter Particles, betwixt which we may conceive little Commissures where they Adhere to one another, and, however, may not be Porous enough to be, at least in some degree, Pervious to the unimaginably subtile Corpuscles that make up the Beams of Light, and consequently to be in such a degree Diaphanous. For, Pyrophilus, that the proposed Enquiry may be of moment to him that searches after the Nature of Colour, you'l easily grant, if you consider, that whereas Perfectly Opacous bodies can but reflect the incident Beams of Light, those that are Diaphanous are qualified to refract them too, and that Refraction has such a stroak in the Production of Colours, as you cannot but have taken notice of, and perhaps admir'd in the Colours generated by the Trajection of Light through Drops of Water that exhibit a Rain-bow, through Prismatical glasses, and through divers other Transparent bodies. But 'tis like, Pyrophilus, you'l more easily allow that about this matter 'tis rather Important to have a Certainty, than that 'tis Rational to entertain a Doubt; wherefore I must mention to you some of the Reasons that make me think it may need a further Enquiry, for I find that in a Darkned Room, where the Light is permitted to enter but at One hole, the little wandering Particles of Dust, that are commonly called Motes, and, unless in the Sunbeams, are not taken notice of by the unassisted Sight, I have, I say, often observ'd, that these roving Corpuscles being look'd on by an Eye plac'd on one side of the Beams that enter'd the Little hole, and by the Darkness having its Pupill much Enlarg'd, I could discern that these Motes as soon as they came within the compass of the Luminous, whether Cylinder or Inverted Cone, if I may so call it, that was made up by the Unclouded Beams of the Sun, did in certain positions appear adorn'd with very vivid Colours, like those of the Rain-bow, or rather like those of very Minute, but Sparkling fragments of Diamonds; and as soon as the Continuance of their Motion had brought them to an Inconvenient position in reference to the Light and the Eye, they were only visible without Darting any lively Colours as before, which seems to argue that these little Motes, or minute Fragments, of several sorts of bodies reputed Opacous, and only crumbled as to their Exteriour and Looser parts into Dust, did not barely Reflect the Beams that fell upon them, but remit them to the Eye Refracted too. We may also observe, that several Bodies, (as well some of a Vegetable, as others of an Animal nature) which are wont to pass for Opacous, appear in great part Transparent, when they are reduc'd into Thin parts, and held against a powerful Light. This I have not only taken notice of in pieces of Ivory reduc'd but into Thick leaves, as also in divers considerable Thick shells of Fishes, and in shaving of Wood, but I have also found that a piece of Deal, far thicker than one would easily imagine, being purposly interposed betwixt my Eye plac'd in a Room, and the clear Daylight, was not only somewhat Transparent, but (perhaps by reason of its Gummous nature) appear'd quite through of a lovely Red. And in the Darkned Room above mention'd, Bodies held against the hole at which the Light enter'd, appear'd far less Opacous then they would elsewhere have done, insomuch that I could easily and plainly see through the whole Thickness of my Hand, the Motions of a Body plac'd (at a very near distance indeed, but yet) beyond it. And even in Minerals, the Opacity is not always so great as many think, if the Body be made Thin, for White Marble though of a pretty Thickness, being within a Due distance plac'd betwixt the Eye and a Convenient Light, will Suffer the Motions of ones Finger to be well discern'd through it, and so will pieces, Thick enough, of many common Flints. But above all, that Instance is remarkable, that is afforded us by Muscovie glass, (which some call Selenites, others Lapis Specularis) for though plates of this Mineral, though but of a moderate Thickness, do often appear Opacous, yet if one of these be Dextrously split into the thinnest Leaves 'tis made up of, it will yield such a number of them, as scarce any thing but Experience could have perswaded me, and these Leaves will afford the most Transparent sort of consistent Bodies, that, for ought I have observ'd, are yet known; and a single Leaf or Plate will be so far from being Opacous, that 'twill scarce be so much as Visible. And multitudes of Bodies there are, whose Fragments seem Opacous to the naked Eye, which yet, when I have included them in good Microscopes, appear'd Transparent; but, Pyrophilus, on the other side I am not yet sure that there are no Bodies, whose Minute Particles even in such a Microscope as that of mine, which I was lately mentioning, will not appear Diaphanous. For having consider'd Mercury Precipitated per se, the little Granules that made up the powder, look'd like little fragments of Coral beheld by the naked Eye at a Distance (for very Near at hand Coral will sometimes, especially if it be Good, shew some Transparency.) Filings likewise of Steel and Copper, though in an excellent Microscope, and a fair Day, they show'd like pretty Big Fragments of those Metalls, and had considerable Brightness on some of their Surfaces, yet I was not satisfi'd, that I perceiv'd any Reflection from the Inner parts of any of the Filings. Nay, having look'd in my best Microscope upon the Red Calx of Lead, (commonly call'd Minium) neither I, nor any I shew'd it to, could discern it to be other than Opacous, though the Day were Clear, and the Object strongly Enlightned. And the deeply Red Colour of Vitriol appear'd in the same Microscope (notwithstanding the great Comminution effected by the Fire) but like Grossy beaten Brick. So that, Pyrophilus, I shall willingly resign you the care of making some further Enquiries into the Subject we have now been considering; for I confess, as I told you before, that I think that the Matter may need a further Scrutiny, nor would I be forward to Determine how far or in what cases the Transparency or Semi-diaphaniety of the Superficial Corpuscles of Bigger Bodies, may have an Interest in the Production of their Colours, especially because that even in divers White bodies, as Beaten Glass, Snow and Froth, where it seems manifest that the Superficial parts are singly Diaphanous, (being either Water, or Air, or Glass) we see not that such Variety of Colours are produc'd as usually are by the Refraction of Light, even in those Bodies, when by their Bigness, Shape, &c. they are conveniently qualify'd to exhibit such Various and Lively Colours as those of the Rain-bow, and of Prismatical Glasses. 28. By what has been hitherto discours'd, Pyrophilus, we may be assisted to judge of that famous Controversie which was of Old disputed betwixt the Epicureans and other Atomists on the one side, and most other Philosophers on the other side. The former Denying Bodies to be Colour'd in the Dark, and the Latter making Colour to be an Inherent quality, as well as Figure, Hardness; Weight, or the like. For though this Controversie be Reviv'd, and hotly Agitated among the Moderns, yet I doubt whether it be not in great part a Nominal dispute, and therefore let us, according to the Doctrine formerly deliver'd, Distinguish the Acceptions of the word Colour, and say, that if it be taken in the Stricter Sense, the Epicureans seem to be in the Right, for if Colour be indeed, though not according to them, but Light Modify'd, how can we conceive that it can Subsist in the Dark, that is, where it must be suppos'd there is no Light; but on the other side, if Colour be consider'd as a certain Constant Disposition of the Superficial parts of the Object to Trouble the Light they Reflect after such and such a Determinate manner, this Constant, and, if I may so speak, Modifying disposition persevering in the Object, whether it be Shin'd upon or no, there seems no just reason to deny, but that in this Sense, Bodies retain their Colour as well in the Night as Day; or, to Speak a little otherwise, it may be said, that Bodies are Potentially Colour'd in the Dark, and Actually in the Light. But of this Matter discoursing more fully elsewhere, as 'tis a difficulty that concerns Qualities in general, I shall forbear to insist on it here. * * * * * 1. Of greater Moment in the Investigation of the Nature of Colours is the Controversie, Whether those of the Rain-bow, and those that are often seen in Clouds, before the Rising, or after the Setting of the Sun; and in a word, Whether those other Colours, that are wont to be call'd Emphatical, ought or ought not to be accounted True Colours. I need not tell you that the Negative is the Common Opinion, especially in the Schools, as may appear by that Vulgar distinction of Colours, whereby these under Consideration are term'd Apparent, by way of Opposition to those that in the other Member of the Distinction are call'd True or Genuine. This question I say seems to me of Importance, upon this Account, that it being commonly Granted, (or however, easie enough to be Prov'd) that Emphatical Colours are Light it self Modify'd by Refractions chiefly, with a concurrence sometimes of Reflections, and perhaps some other Accidents depending on these two; if these Emphatical Colours be resolv'd to be Genuine, it will seem consequent, that Colours, or at least divers of them, are but Diversify'd Light, and not such Real and Inherent qualities as they are commonly thought to be. 2. Now since we are wont to esteem the Echoes and other Sounds of Bodies, to be True Sounds, all their Odours to be True Odours, and (to be short) since we judge other Sensible Qualities to be True ones, because they are the proper Objects of some or other of our Senses, I see not why Emphatical Colours, being the proper and peculiar Objects of the Organ of Sight, and capable to Affect it as Truly and as Powerfully as other Colours, should be reputed but Imaginary ones. And if we have (which perchance you'l allow) formerly evinc'd Colour, (when the word is taken in its more Proper sense) to be but Modify'd Light, there will be small Reason to deny these to be true Colours, which more manifestly than others disclose themselves to be produc'd by Diversifications of the Light. 3. There is indeed taken notice of a Difference betwixt these Apparent colours, and those that are wont to be esteem'd Genuine, as to the Duration, which has induc'd some Learned Men to call the former rather Evanid than Fantastical. But as the Ingenious Gassendus does somewhere Judiciously observe, if this way of Arguing were Good, the Greeness of a Leaf ought to pass for Apparent, because, soon Fading into a Yellow, it Scarce lasts at all, in comparison of the Greeness of an Emerauld. I shall add, that if the Sun-beams be in a convenient manner trajected through a Glass-prism, and thrown upon some well-shaded Object within a Room, the Rain-bow thereby Painted on the Surface of the Body that Terminates the Beams, may oftentimes last longer than Some Colours I have produc'd in certain Bodies, which would justly, and without scruple be accounted Genuine Colours, and yet suddenly Degenerate, and lose their Nature. 4. A greater Disparity betwixt Emphatical Colours, and others, may perhaps be taken from this, that Genuine Colours seem to be produc'd in Opacous Bodies by Reflection, but Apparent ones in Diaphanous Bodies, and principally by Refraction, I say Principally rather than Solely, because in some cases Reflection also may concurr, but still this seems not to conclude these Latter Colours not to be True ones. Nor must what has been newly said of the Differences of True and Apparent Colours, be interpreted in too Unlimited a Sense, and therefore it may perhaps somewhat Assist you, both to Reflect upon the two fore-going Objections, and to judge of some other Passages which you'l meet with in this Tract, if I take this Occasion to observe to you, that if Water be Agitated into Froth, it exhibits you know a White colour, which soon after it Loses upon the Resolution of the Bubbles into Air and Water, now in this case either the Whiteness of the Froth is a True Colour or not, if it be, then True Colours, supposing the Water pure and free from Mixtures of any thing Tenacious, may be as Short-liv'd as those of the Rain-bow; also the Matter, wherein the Whiteness did Reside, may in a few moments perfectly Lose all foot-steps or remains of it. And besides, even Diaphanous Bodies may be capable of exhibiting True Colours by Reflection, for that Whiteness is so produc'd, we shall anon make it probable. But if on the other side it be said, that the Whiteness of Froth is an Emphatical Colour, then it must no longer be said, that Fantastical Colours require a certain Position of the Luminary and the Eye, and must be Vary'd or Destroy'd by the Change thereof, since Froth appears White, whether the Sun be Rising or Setting, or in the Meridian, or any where between it and the Horizon, and from what (Neighbouring) place soever the Beholders Eye looks upon it. And since by making a Liquor Tenacious enough, yet without Destroying its Transparency, or Staining it with any Colour, you may give the Little Films, whereof the Bubbles consist, such a Texture, as may make the Froth last very many Hours, if not some Days, or even Weeks, it will render it somewhat Improper to assign Duration for the Distinguishing Character to Discriminate Genuine from Fantastical Colours. For such Froth may much outlast the Undoubtedly true Colours of some of Nature's Productions, as in that Gaudy Plant not undeservedly call'd the Mervail of Peru, the Flowers do often Fade, the same Day they are Blown; And I have often seen a Virginian Flower, which usually Withers within the compass of a Day; and I am credibly Inform'd, that not far from hence a curious Herborist has a Plant, whose Flowers perish in about an Hour. But if the Whiteness of Water turn'd into Froth must therefore be reputed Emphatical, because it appears not that the Nature of the Body is Alter'd, but only that the Disposition of its Parts in reference to the Incident Light is Chang'd, why may not the Whiteness be accounted Emphatical too, which I shall shew anon to be Producible, barely by such another change in Black Horn? and yet this so easily acquir'd Whiteness seems to be as truly its Colour as the Blackness was before, and at least is more Permanent than the Greenness of Leaves, the Redness of Roses, and, in short, than the Genuine Colours of the most part of Nature's Productions. It may indeed be further Objected, that according as the Sun or other Luminous Body changes place, these Emphatical Colours alter or vanish. But not to repeat what I have just now said, I shall add, that if a piece of Cloath in a Drapers Shop (in such the Light being seldome Primary) be variously Folded, it will appear of differing Colours, as the Parts happen to be more Illuminated or more Shaded, and if you stretch it Flat, it will commonly exhibit some one Uniform Colour, and yet these are not wont to be reputed Emphatical, so that the Difference seems to be chiefly this, that in the Case of the Rain-bow, and the like, the Position of the Luminary Varies the Colour, and in the Cloath I have been mentioning, the Position of the Object does it. Nor am I forward to allow that in all Cases the Apparition of Emphatical Colours requires a Determinate position of the Eye, for if Men will have the Whiteness of Froth Emphatical, you know what we have already Inferr'd from thence. Besides, the Sun-beams trajected through a Triangular Glass, after the manner lately mention'd, will, upon the Body that Terminates them, Paint a Rain-bow, that may be seen whether the Eye be plac'd on the Right Hand of it or the Left, or Above or Beneath it, or Before or Behind it; and though there may appear some Little Variation in the Colours of the Rain-bow, beheld from Differing parts of the Room, yet such a Diversity may be also observ'd by an Attentive Eye in Real Colours, look'd upon under the like Circumstances, Nor will it follow, that because there remains no Footsteps of the Colour upon the Object, when the Prism is Remov'd, that therefore the Colour was not Real, since the Light was truly Modify'd by the Refraction and Reflection it Suffer'd in its Trajection through the Prism; and the Object in our case serv'd for a Specular Body, to Reflect that Colour to the Eye. And that you may not be Startled, Pyrophilus, that I should Venture to say, that a Rough and Coiour'd Object may serve for a Speculum to Reflect the Artificial Rain-bow I have been mentioning, consider what usually happens in Darkned Rooms, where a Wall, or other Body conveniently Situated within, may so Reflect the Colours of Bodies, without the Room, that they may very clearly be Discern'd and Distinguish'd, and yet 'tis taken for granted, that the Colours seen in a Darkned Room, though they leave no Traces of themselves upon the Wall or Body that Receives them, are the True Colours of the External Objects, together with which the Colours of the Images are Mov'd or do Rest. And the Errour is not in the Eye, whose Office is only to perceive the Appearances of things, and which does Truly so, but in the Judging or Estimative faculty, which Mistakingly concludes that Colour to belong to the Wall, which does indeed belong to the Object, because the Wall is that from whence the Beams of Light that carry the Visible Species, do come in Straight Lines directly to the Eye, as for the same Reason we are wont at a certain Distance from Concave Sphaerical Glasses, to perswade our Selves that we see the Image come forth to Meet us, and Hang in the Air betwixt the Glass and Us, because the Reflected Beams that Compose the image cross in that place, where the Image seems to be, and thence, and not from the Glass, do in Direct Lines take their Course to the Eye, and upon the like Cause it is, that divers Deceptions in Sounds and other Sensible Objects do depend, as we elsewhere declare. 5. I know not, whether I need add, that I have purposely Try'd, (as you'l find some Pages hence, and will perhaps think somewhat strange) that Colours that are call'd Emphatical, because not Inherent in, the Bodies in which they Appear, may be Compounded with one another, as those that are confessedly Genuine may. But when all this is said, Pyrophilus, I must Advertise you, that it is but Problematically Spoken, and that though I think the Opinion I have endeavour'd to fortifie Probable, yet a great part of our Discourse concerning Colours may be True, whether that Opinion be so or not. * * * * * 1. There are you know, Pyrophilus, besides those Obsolete Opinions about Colours which have been long since Rejected, very Various Theories that have each of them, even at this day, Eminent Men for its Abetters; for the Peripatetick Schools, though they dispute amongst themselves divers particulars concerning Colours, yet in this they seem Unanimously enough to Agree, that Colours are Inherent and Real Qualities, which the Light doth but Disclose, and not concurr to Produce. Besides there are Moderns, who with a slight Variation adopt the Opinion of Plato, and as he would have Colour to be nothing but a Kind of Flame consisting of Minute Corpuscles as it were Darted by the Object against the Eye, to whose Pores their Littleness and Figure made them congruous, so these would have Colour to be an Internal Light of the more Lucid parts of the Object, Darkned and consequently Alter'd by the Various Mixtures of the less Luminous parts. There are also others, who in imitation of some of the Ancient Atomists, make Colour not to be Lucid steam, but yet a Corporeal Effluvium issuing out of the Colour'd Body, but the Knowingst of these have of late Reform'd their Hypothesis, by acknowledging and adding that some External Light is necessary to Excite, and as they speak, Sollicit these Corpuscles of Colour as they call them, and Bring them to the Eye. Another and more principal Opinion of the Modern Philosophers, to which this last nam'd may by a Favourable explication be reconcil'd, is that which derives Colours from the Mixture of Light and Darkness, or rather Light and Shadows. And as for the Chymists 'tis known, that the generality of them ascribes the Origine of Colours to the Sulphureous Principle in Bodies, though I find, as I elsewhere largely shew, that some of the Chiefest of them derive Colours rather from Salt than Sulphur, and others, from the third Hypostatical Principle, Mercury. And as for the Cartesians I need not tell you, that they, supposing the Sensation of Light to bee produc'd by the Impulse made upon the Organs of Sight, by certain extremely Minute and Solid Globules, to which the Pores of the Air and other Diaphanous bodies are pervious, endeavour to derive the Varieties of Colours from the Various Proportion of the Direct Progress or Motion of these Globules to their Circumvolution or Motion about their own Centre, by which Varying Proportion they are by this Hypothesis suppos'd qualify'd to strike the Optick Nerve after several Distinct manners, so to produce the perception of Differing Colours. 2. Besides these six principal Hypotheses, Pyrophilus, there may be some others, which though Less known, may perhaps as well as thesc deserve to be taken into consideration by you; but that I should copiously debate any of them at present, I presume you will not expect, if you consider the Scope of these Papers, and the Brevity I have design'd in them, and therefore I shall at this time only take notice to you in the general of two or three things that do more peculiarly concern the Treatise you have now in your hands. 3. And first, though the Embracers of the Several Hypotheses I have been naming to you, by undertaking each Sect of them to explicate Colours indefinitely, by the particular Hypotheses they maintain, seem to hold it forth as the only Needful Theory about that Subject, yet for my part I doubt whether any one of all these Hypotheses have a right to be admitted Exclusively to all others, for I think it Probable, that Whiteness and Blackness may be explicated by Reflection alone without Refraction, as you'l find endeavour'd in the Discourse you'l meet with e're long Of the Origine of Whiteness and Blackness, and on the other side, since I have not found that by any Mixture of White and True Black, (for there is a Blewish Black which many mistake for a Genuine) there can be a Blew, a Yellow, or a Red, to name no other Colours, produced, and since we do find that these Colours may be produc'd in the Glass-prism and other Transparent bodies, by the help of Refractions, it seems that Refraction is to be taken in into the Explication of some Colours, to whose Generation they seem to concurr, either by making a further or other Commixture of Shades with the Refracted Light, or by some other way not now to be discours'd. And as it seems not improbable, that in case the Pores of the Air, and other Diaphanous bodies be every where almost fill'd with such Globuli as the Cartesians suppose, the Various kind of Motion of these Globuli, may in many cases have no small stroak in Varying our Perception of Colour, so without the Supposition of these Globuli, which 'tis not so easie to evince, I think we may probably enough conceive in general, that the Eye may be Variously affected, not only by the Entire Beams of Light that fall upon it as they are such, but by the Order, and by the Degree of Swiftness, and in a word by the Manner according to which the Particles that compose each Particular Beam arrive at the Sensory, so that whatever be the Figure of the Little Corpuscles, of which the Beams of Light consist, not only the Celerity or Slowness of their Revolution or Rotation in reference to their Progressive Motion, but their more Absolute Celerity, their Direct or Undulating Motion, and other Accidents, which may attend their Appulse to the Eye, may fit them to make Differing Impressions on it. 4. Secondly, For these and the like Considerations, Pyrophilus, I must desire that you would look upon this little Treatise, not as a Discourse written Principally to maintain any of the fore-mention'd Theories, Exclusively to all others, or substitute a New one of my Own, but as the beginning of a History of Colours, upon which, when you and your Ingenious friends shall have Enrich'd it, a Solid Theory may be safely built. But yet because this History is not meant barely for a Register of the things recorded in it, but for an Apparatus to a sound and comprehensitive Hypothesis, I thought fit, so to temper the whole Discourse, as to make it as conducible, as conveniently I can to that End, and therefore I have not scrupled to let you see that I was willing, as to save you the labour of Cultivating some Theories that I thought would never enable you to reach the Ends you aim at, so to contract your Enquiries into a Narrow compass, for both which purposes I thought it requisite to do these two things, the One, to set down some Experiments which by the help of the Reflections and Insinuations that attend them, may assist you to discover the Infirmness and Insufficiency both of the common Peripatetick Doctrine, and of the now more applauded Theory of the Chymists about Colour, because those two Doctrines having Possess'd themselves, the one of the most part of the Schools, and the other of the Esteem of the Generality ef Physicians and other Learned Men, whose Professions and Ways of Study do not exact that they should Scrupulously examine the very First and Simplest Principles of Nature, I fear'd it would be to little purpose, without doing something to discover the Insufficiency of these Hypotheses, that I should, (which was the Other thing I thought requisite for me to do) set down among my other Experiments those in the greatest Number, that may let you see, that, till I shall be Better Inform'd, I encline to take Colour to be a Modification of Light, and would invite you chiefly to Cultivate that Hypothesis, and Improve it to the making out of the Generation of Particular Colours, as I have Endeavour'd to apply it to the Explication of Whiteness and Blackness. 5. Thirdly. But, Pyrophilus, though this be at present the Hypothesis I preferr, yet I propose it but in a General Sense, teaching only that the Beams of Light, Modify'd by the Bodies whence they are sent (Reflected or Refracted) to the Eye, produce there that Kind of Sensation, Men commonly call Colour; But whether I think this Modification of the Light to be perform'd by Mixing it with Shades, or by Varying the Proportion of the Progress and Rotation of the Cartesian Globuli Caelestes, or by some other way which I am not now to mention, I pretend not here to Declare. Much less do I pretend to Determine, or scarce so much as to Hope to know all that were requisite to be Known, to give You, or even my Self, a perfect account of the Theory of Vision and Colours, for in Order to such an undertaking I would first Know what Light is, and if it be a Body (as a Body or the Motion of a Body it seems to be) what Kind of Corpuscles for Size and Shape it consists of, with what Swiftness they move Forwards, and Whirl about their own Centres. Then I would Know the Nature of Refraction, which I take to be one of the Abstrusest things (not to explicate Plausibly, but to explicate Satisfactorily) that I have met with in Physicks; I would further Know what Kind and what Degree of Commixture of Darkness or Shades is made by Refractions or Reflections, or both, in the Superficial particles of those Bodies, that being Shin'd upon, constantly exhibit the one, for Instance, a Blew, the other a Yellow, the third a Red Colour; I would further Know why this Contemperation of Light and Shade, that is made, for Example, by the Skin of a Ripe Cherry, should exhibit a Red, and not a Green, and the Leaf of the same Tree should exhibit a Green rather than a Red; and indeed, Lastly, why since the Light that is Modify'd into these Colours consists but of Corpuscles moved against the Retina or Pith of the Optick Nerve, it should there not barely give a Stroak, but produce a Colour, whereas a Needle wounding likewise the Eye, would not produce Colour but Pain. These, and perhaps other things I should think requisite to be Known, before I should judge my Self to have fully Comprehended the True and Whole Nature of Colours; and therefore, though by making the Experiments and Reflections deliver'd in this Paper, I have endeavour'd somewhat to Lessen my Ignorance in this Matter, and think it far more Desireable to discover a Little, than to discover Nothing, yet I pretend but to make it Probable by the Experiments I mention, that some Colours may be Plausibly enough Explicated in the General by the Doctrine here propos'd; For whensoever I would Descend to the Minute and Accurate Explication of Particulars, I find my Self very Sensible of the great Obscurity of things, without excepting those which we never see but when they are Enlightned, and confess with Scaliger, Latet natura haec, (says he, Speaking of that of Colour) & sicut aliarum rerum species in profundissima caligine inscitiae humanae. Exercitat. 325 Parag. 4 * * * * * THE EXPERIMENTAL HISTORY OF COLOURS. * * * * * Of the Nature of Whiteness and Blackness. 1. Though after what I have acknowledged, Pyrophilus, of the Abstruse Nature of Colours in particular, you will easily believe, that I pretend not to give you a Satisfactory account of Whiteness and Blackness; Yet not wholly to frustrate your Expectation of my offering something by way of Specimen towards the Explication of some Colours in particular, I shall make choice of These as the most Simple Ones, (and by reason of their mutual Opposition the Least hardly explicable) about which to present you my Thoughts, upon condition you will take them at most to be my Conjectures, not my Opinions. 2. When I apply'd my Self to consider, how the cause of Whiteness might be explan'd by Intelligible and Mechanical Principles, I remembred not to have met with any thing among the Antient Corpuscularian Philosophers, touching the Quality we call Whiteness, save that Democritus is by Aristotle said to have ascrib'd the Whiteness of Bodies to their Smoothness, and on the contrary their Blackness to their Asperity. But though about the Latter of those Qualities his Opinion be allowable, as we shall see anon, yet that he heeds a Favourable Interpretation in what is Deliver'd concerning the First, (at least if his Doctrine be not Mis-represented in this point, as it has been in many others) we shall quickly have Occasion to manifest. But amongst the Moderns, the most Learned Gassendus in his Ingenious Epistle publish'd in the Year 1642. De apparente Magnitudine solis humilis & sublimis, reviving the Atomical Philosophy, has, though but Incidentally, deliver'd something towards the Explication of Whiteness upon Mechanical Principles: And because no Man that I know of, has done so before him, I shall, to be sure to do him Right, give you his Sense in his own Words: Cogites velim (says he) lucem quidem in Diaphano nullius coloris videri, sed in Opaco tamen terminante Candicare, ac tanto magis, quanto densior seu collectior fuerit. Deinde aquam non esse quidem coloris ex se candidi & radium tamen ex ea reflexum versus oculum candicare. Rursus cum plana aquae Superficies non nisi ex una parte eam reflexionem faciat: si contigerit tamen illam in aliquot bullas intumescere, bullam unamquamque reflectionem facere, & candoris speciem creare certa Superficiei parte. Ad haec Spumam ex aqua pura non alia ratione videri candescere & albescerere quam quod sit congeries confertissima minutissimarum bullarum, quarum unaquaeque suum radium reflectit, unde continens candor alborve apparet. Denique Nivem nihil aliud videri quam speciem purissimae spumae ex bullulis quam minutissimis & confertissimis cohaerentis. Sed ridiculam me exhibeam, si tales meas nugas uberius proponem. Album quippe & agrum, hoc quidem asperum esse dicit, hoc vero laeve. de Sensu & Sensib. 3. 3. Epist. 2. pag. 45. 3. But though in this passage, that very Ingenous Person has Anticipated part of what I should say; Yet I presume you will for all that expect, that I should give you a fuller Account of that Notion of Whiteness, which I have the least Exceptions to, and of the Particulars whence I deduce it, which to do, I must mention to you the following Experiments and Observations. Whiteness then consider'd as a Quality in the Object, seems chiefly to depend upon this, That the Superficies of the Body that is call'd White, is Asperated by almost innumerable Small Surfaces, which being of an almost Specular Nature, are also so Plac'd, that some Looking this way, and some that way, they yet Reflect the Rays of Light that fall on them, not towards one another, but outwards towards the Spectators Eye. In this Rude and General account of Whiteness, it seems that besides those Qualities, which are common to Bodies of other Colours, as for instance the Minuteness and Number of the Superficial parts, the two chief things attributed to Bodies as White are made to be, First, that its Little Protuberances and Superficial parts be of somewhat a Specular Nature, that they may as little Looking-glasses each of them Reflect the Beams it receives, (or the little Picture of the Sun made on it) without otherwise considerably Altering them; whereas in most other Colours, they are wont to be much Chang'd, by being also Refracted, or by being Return'd to the Eye, mixt with Shades or otherwise. And next, that its Superficial parts be so Situated, that they Retain not the Incident Rays of Light by Reflecting them Inwards, but Send them almost all Back, so that the Outermost Corpuscles of a White Body, having their Various Little Surfaces of a Specular Nature, a Man can from no place Behold the Body, but that there will be among those Innumerable Superficieculae, that Look some one way, and some another, enough of them Obverted to his Eye, to afford like a broken Looking-glass, a confused Idaea, or Representation of Light, and make such an Impression on the Organ, as that for which Men are wont to call a Body White. But this Notion will perhaps be best Explan'd by the same Experiments and Observations, on which it is Built, And therefore I shall now advance to Them. 4. And in the first place I consider, that the Sun and other Powerfully Lucid Bodies, are not only wont to Offend, which we call to Dazle our Eyes, but that if any Colour be to be Ascrib'd to them as they are Lucid, it seems it should be Whiteness: For the Sun at Noon-day, and in Clear weather, and when his Face is less Troubled, and as it were Stained by the Steams of Sublunary Bodies, and when his Beams have much less of the Atmosphere to Traject in their Passage to our Eyes, appears of a Colour more approaching to White, than when nearer the Horizon, the Interposition of certain Sorts of Fumes and Vapours make him oftentimes appear either Red, or at least more Yellow. And when the Sun Shines upon that Natural Looking-glass, a Smooth water, that part of it, which appears to this or that particular Beholder, the most Shin'd on, does to his Eye seem far Whiter than the rest. And here I shall add, that I have sometimes had the Opportunity to observe a thing, that may make to my present purpose, namely, that when the Sun was Veil'd over as it were, with a Thin White Cloud, and yet was too Bright to be Look'd upon Directly without Dazling, by casting my Eyes upon a Smooth water, as we sometimes do to observe Eclipses without prejudice to our Eyes, the Sun then not far from the Meridian, appear'd to me not Red, but so White, that 'twas not without some Wonder, that I made the Observation. Besides, though we in English are wont to say, a thing is Red hot, as an Expression of its being Superlatively Ignitum, (if I may so Speak for want of a proper English word) yet in the Forges of Smiths, and the Furnaces of other Artificers, by that which they call a White heat, they mean a further Degree of Ignition, than by that which both they and we call a Red heat. 5. Secondly, I consider, that common Experience informs us, that as much Light Over-powers the Eye, so when the Ground is covered with Snow, (a Body extremely White) those that have Weak Eyes are wont to complain of too much Light: And even those that have not, are generally Sensible of an Extraordinary measure of Light in the Air; and if they are fain to Look very long upon the Snow, find their Sight Offended by it. On which occasion we may call to mind what Xenophon relates, that his Cyrus marching his Army for divers days through Mountains covered with Snow, the Dazling splendor of its Whiteness prejudic'd the Sight of very many of his Souldiers, and Blinded some of them; and other Stories of that Nature be met with in Writers of good Note. And the like has been affirm'd to me by credible Persons of my own Acquaintance, and especially by one who though Skill'd in Physick and not Ancient confess'd to me when I purposely ask'd him, that not only during his stay in Muscovy, he found his Eyes much Impair'd, by being reduc'd frequently to Travel in the Snow, but that the Weakness of his Eyes did not Leave him when he left that Country, but has follow'd him into these Parts, and yet continues to Trouble him. And to this doth agree what I as well as others have observ'd, namely, that when I Travell'd by Night, when the Ground was all cover'd with Snow, though the Night otherwise would not have been Lightsome, yet I could very well see to Choose my way. But much more Remarkable to my present purpose is that, which I have met with in Olaus Magnus, concerning the way of Travelling in Winter in the Northern Regions, where the Days of that Season are so very Short; for after other things not needfull to be here Transcribed: Iter, says he, Diurnum duo scilicet montana milliaria (quae 12 Italica sunt) consiciunt. Nocte vero sub splendissima luna, duplatum iter consumunt aut triplatum. Neque id incommode fit, cum nivium reverberatione lunaris splendoris sublimes & declives campos illustret, ac etiam montium praecipitia ac noxias feras a lorge prospiciant evitandas. Which Testimony I the less Scruple to allege, because that it agrees very well with what has been Affirm'd to me by a Physician of Mosco, whom the Notion I have been Treating of concerning Whiteness invited me to ask whether he could not See much farther when he Travell'd by Night in Russia than he could do in England, or elsewhere, when there was no Snow upon the Ground; For this Ingenious Person inform'd me, that he could See Things at a farr greater Distance, and with more Clearness, when he Travell'd by Night on the Russian Snow, though without the Assistance of Moon-shine, than we in these Parts would easily be perswaded. Though it seems not unlikely to me, that the Intenseness of the Cold may contribute something to the considerableness of the Effect, by much Clearing the Air of Darkish Steams, which in these more Temperate Climates are wont to Thicken it in Snowy weather: For having purposely inquir'd of this Doctor, and consulted that Ingenious Navigator Captain James's Voyage hereafter to be further mention'd, I find both their Relations agree in this, that in Dark Frosty Nights they could Discover more Stars, and See the rest Clearer than we in England are wont to do. Gent. Septen. Histor. lib. 4 cap. 13. 6. I know indeed that divers Learned Men think, that Snow so strongly Affects our Eye, not by a Borrow'd, but a Native Light; But I venture to give it as a Proof, that White Bodies reflect more Light than Others, because having once purposely plac'd a parcel of Snow in a Room carefully Darkned, that no Celestial Light might come to fall upon it; neither I, nor an ingenous Person, (Skill'd in Opticks) whom I desir'd for a Witness, could find, that it had any other Light than what it receiv'd. And however, 'tis usual among those that Travel in Dark Nights, that the Guides wear something of White to be Discern'd by, there being scarce any Night so Dark, but that in the Free Air there remains some Light, though Broken and Debilitated perhaps by a thousand Reflections from the Opacous Corpuscles that Swim in the Air, and lend it to one another before it comes to arrive at the Eye. 7. Thirdly, And the better to shew that White Bodies reflect store of Light, in comparson of those that are otherwise Colour'd, I did in the Darkn'd Room, formerly mention'd, hold not far from the Hole, at which the Light was admitted, a Sheet only of White Paper, from whence casting the Sun-beams upon a White Wall, whereunto it was Obverted, it manifestly appear'd both to Me, and to the Person I took for a Witness of the Experiment, that it Reflected a far greater Light, than any of the other Colours formerly mention'd, the Light so thrown upon one Wall notably Enlightning it, and by it a good part of the Room. And yet further to show you, that White Bodies Reflect the Beams From them, and not Towards themselves, Let me add, that Ordinary Burning-glasses, such as are wont to be employ'd to light Tobacco, will not in a great while Burn, or so much as Discolour a Sheet of White Paper. Insomuch that even when I was a Boy, and Lov'd to make Tryals with Burning-glasses, I could not but wonder at this Odd Phaenomenon, which set me very Early upon Guessing at the Nature of Whiteness, especially because I took notice, that the Image of the Sun upon a White Paper was not so well Defin'd (the Light seeming too Diffus'd) as upon Black, and because I try'd, that Blacking over the Paper with Ink, not only the Ink would be quickly Dry'd up, but the Paper that I could not Burn before, would be quickly set on Fire. I have also try'd, that by exposing my Hand with a Thin Black Glove over it to the Warm Sun, it was thereby very quickly and considerably more Heated, than if I took off the Glove, and held my Hand Naked, or put on it another Glove of Thin but White Leather. And having thus shewn you, Pyrophilus, that White Bodies reflect the most Light of any, let us now proceed, to consider what is further to be taken notice of in them, in order to our present Enquiry. 8. And Fourthly, whereas among the Dispositions we attributed to White Bodies, we also intimated this, That such Bodies are apt, like Speculums, though but Imperfect ones, to Reflect the Light that falls on them Untroubled or Unstain'd, we shall besides other particulars to be met with in these Papers, offer you this in favour of the Conjecture; That in the Darkned Room several times mention'd in this Treatse, we try'd that the Sun-beams being cast from a Coloured Body upon a neighbouring White Wall, the Determinate Colour of the Body was from the Wall reflected to the Eye; whereas we could in divers cases manifestly Alter the Colour arriving at the Eye, by Substituting at a convenient Distance, a (conveniently) Colour'd (and Glossy) Body instead of the White Wall. As by throwing the Beams from a Yellow Body upon a Blew, there would be Exhibited a kind of Green, as in the Experiments about Colours is more fully Declar'd. 9. I know not whether I should on this Occasion take notice, that when, as when looking upon the Calm and Smooth Surface of a River betwixt my Eye and the Sun, it appear'd to be a natural Speculum, wherein that Part which Reflected to my Eye the Entire and defin'd Image of the Sun, and the Beams less remote from those which exhibited That Image, appear'd indeed of a great and Whitish Brightness, but the rest Comparatively Dark enough: if afterwards the Superficies chanc'd to be a little, but not much troubled, by a gentle Breath of Wind, and thereby reduc'd into a Multitude of Small and Smooth Speculums, the Surface of the River would suitably to the Doctrine lately deliver'd, at a Distance appear very much of Kin to White, though it would lose that Brightness or Whiteness upon the Return of the Surface to Calmness and an Uniform Level. And I have sometimes for Tryals sake brought in by a Lenticular Glass, the Image of a River, Shin'd upon by the Sun, into an Upper Room Darkn'd, and Distant about a Quarter of a Mile from the River, by which means the Numerous Declining Surfaces of the Water appear'd so Contracted, that upon the Body that receiv'd the Images, the whole River appear'd a very White Object at two or three paces distance. But if we drew Near it, this Whiteness appear'd to proceed from an Innumerable company of Lucid Reflections, from the several Gently wav'd Superficies of the Water, which look'd Near at hand like a Multitude of very Little, but Shining Scales of Fish, of which many did every moment Disappear, and as many were by the Sun, Wind and River generated anew. But though this Observation seem'd Sufficiently to discover, how the Appearing Whiteness in that case was Produc'd, yet in some other cases Water may have the Same, though not so Vivid a Colour upon other Accounts; for oftentimes it happens that the Smooth Surface of the Water does appear Bright or Whitish, by reason of the Reflection not immediatly of the Images of the Sun, but of the Brightness of the Sky; and in such cases a Convenient Wind may where it passes along make the Surface look Black, by causing many such Furrows and Cavities, as may make the Inflected Superficies of the Water reflect the Brightness of the Sky rather Inward than Outward. And again if the Wind increase into a Storm, the Water may appear White, especially near the Shore and the Ship, namely because the Rude Agitation Breaks it into Fome or Froth. So much do Whiteness and Blackness depend upon the Disposition of the Superficial parts of a Body to Reflect the Beams of Light Inward or Outward. But that as White Bodies reflect the most Light of any, so there Superficial Particles are, in the Sense newly Deliver'd, of a Specular Nature, I shall now further endeavour to shew both by the making of Specular bodies White, and the making of a White body Specular. 10. In the Fifth place then, I will inform You, that (not to repeat what Gassendus observes concerning Water) I have for Curiosity sake Distill'd Quicksilver in a Cucurbit, fitted with a Capacious Glass-head, and observ'd that when the Operation was perform'd by the Degrees of Fire requisite for my purpose, there would stick to the Inside of the Alembick a multitude of Little round drops of Mercury. And as you know that Mercury is a Specular Body, so each of these Little drops was a small round Looking-glass, and a Multitude of them lying Thick and Near one another, they did both in my Judgment, and that of those I Invited to see it, make the Glass they were fastened to, appear manifestly a White Body. And yet as I said, this Whiteness depended upon the Minuteness and Nearness of the Little Mercurial Globuli, the Convexity of whose Surfaces fitted them to represent in a Narrow compass a Multitude of Little Lucid Images to differingly situated Beholders. And here let me observe a thing that seems much to countenance the Notion I have been recommending: namely, that whereas divers parts of the Sky, and especially the Milky-way, do to the naked Eye appear White, (as the name it self imports) yet the Galaxie look'd upon through the Telescope, does not shew White, but appears to be made up of a Vast multitude of Little Starrs; so that a Multitude of Lucid Bodies, if they be so Small that they cannot Singly or apart be discern'd by the Eye, and if they be sufficiently Thick set by one another, may by their confus'd beams appear to the Eye One White Body. And why it is not possible, that the like may be done, when a Multitude of Bright and Little Corpuscles being crowded together, are made to send together Vivid beams to the Eye, though they Shine but as the Planets by a Borrow'd Light? 11. But to return to our Experiments. We may take notice, That the White of an Egg, though in part Transparent, yet by its power of Reflecting some Incident Rays of Light, is in some measure a Natural Speculum, being long agitated with a Whisk or Spoon, loses its Transparency, and becomes very White, by being turn'd into Froth, that is into an Aggregate of Numerous small Bubbles, whose Convex Superficies fits them to Reflect the Light every way Outwards. And 'tis worth Noting, that when Water, for instance, is Agitated into Froth, if the Bubbles be Great and Few, the Whiteness will be but Faint, because the number of Specula within a Narrow compass is but Small, and they are not Thick set enough to Reflect so Many Little Images or Beams of the Lucid Body, as are requisite to produce a Vigorous sensation of Whiteness: And partly least it should be said, that the Whiteness of such Globulous Particles proceeds from the Air Included in the Froth; (which to make good, it should be prov'd that the Air it self is White) and partly to illustrate the better the Notion we have propos'd of Whiteness, I shall add, that I purposely made this Experiment, I took a quantity Fair water, & put to it in a clear Glass phial, a convenient quantity of Oyl or Spirit of Turpentine, because that Liquor will not incorporate with Water, and yet is almost as Clear and Colourless as it; these being Gently Shaken together, the Agitation breaks the Oyl (which as I said, is Indispos'd to Mix like Wine or Milk per minima with the Water) into a Multitude of Little Globes, which each of them Reflecting Outwards a Lucid Image, make the Imperfect Mixture of the two Liquors appear Whitish; but if by Vehemently Shaking the Glass for a competent time you make a further Comminution of the Oyl into far more Numerous and Smaller Globuli, and thereby confound it also better with the Water, the Mixture will appear of a Much greater Whiteness, and almost like Milk; whereas if the Glass be a while let alone, the Colour will by degrees Impair, as the Oyly globes grow Fewer and Bigger, and at length will quite Vanish, leaving both the Liquors Distinct and Diaphanous as before. And such a Tryal hath not ill succeeded, when insteed of the Colourless Oyl of Turpentine I took a Yellow Mixture made of a good Proportion of Crude Turpentine dissolv'd in that Liquor; and (if I mis-remember not) it also Succeeded better than one would expect, when I employ'd an Oyl brought by Filings of Copper infused in it, to a deep Green. And this (by the way) may be the Reason, why often times when the Oyls of some Spices and of Anniseeds &c. are Distilled in a Limbec with Water, the Water (as I have several times observ'd) comes over Whitish, and will perhaps continue so for a good while, because if the Fire be made too Strong, the subtile Chymical Oyl is thereby much Agitated and Broken, and Blended with the Water in such Numerous and Minute Globules, as cannot easily in a short time Emerge to the Top of the Water, and whilst they Remain in it, make it, for the Reason newly intimated, look Whitish; and perhaps upon the same Ground a cause may be rendred, why Hot water is observ'd to be usually more Opacous and Whitish, than the same Water Cold, the Agitation turning the more Spirituous or otherwise Conveniently Dispos'd Particles of the Water into Vapours, thereby Producing in the Body of the Liquor a Multitude of Small Bubbles, which interrupt the Free passage, that the Beams of Light would else have Every way, and from the Innermost parts of the Water Reflect many of them Outwards. These and the like Examples, Pyrophilus, have induc'd me to Suspect, that the Superficial Particles of White bodies, may for the Most part be as well Convex as Smooth; I content my self to say Suspect and for the most part, because it seems not Easie to prove, that when Diaphanous bodies, as we shall see by and by, are reduc'd into White Powders, each Corpuscle must needs be of a Convex Superficies, since perhaps it may Suffice that Specular Surfaces look severally ways. For (as we have seen) when a Diaphanous Body comes to be reduc'd to very Minute parts, it thereby requires a Multitude of Little Surfaces within a Narrow compass. And though each of these should not be of a Figure Convenient to Reflect a Round Image of the Sun, yet even from such an Inconveniently Figur'd body, there may be Reflected some (either Streight or Crooked) Physical Line of Light, which Line I call Physical, because it has some Breadth in it, and in which Line in many cases some Refraction of the Light falling upon the Body it depends on, may contribute to the Brightness, as if a Slender Wire, or Solid Cylinder of Glass be expos'd to the Light, you shall see in some part of it a vivid Line of Light, and if we were able to draw out and lay together a Multitude of these Little Wires or Thrids of Glass, so Slender, that the Eye could not discern a Distance betwixt the Luminous Lines, there is little doubt (as far as I can guess by a Tryal purposely made with very Slender, but far less Slender Thrids of Glass, whose Aggregate was Look'd upon one way White) but the whole Physical Superficies compos'd of them, would to the Eye appear White, and if so, it will not be always necessary that the Figure of those Corpuscles, that make a Body appear White, should be Globulous. And as for Snow it self, though the Learned Gassendus (as we have seen above) makes it to seem nothing else but a pure Frozen Froth, consisting of exceedingly Minute and Thickset Bubbles; yet I see no necessity of Admitting that, since not only by the Variously and Curiously Figur'd Snow, that I have divers times had the Opportunity with Pleasure to observe, but also by the Common Snow, it rather doth appear both to the Naked Eye, and in a Microscope, often, if not most commonly, to consist principally of Little Slender Icicles of several Shapes, which afford such Numerous Lines of Light, as we have been newly Speaking of. 12. Sixthly, If you take a Diaphanous Body, as for instance a Piece of Glass, and reduce it to Powder, the same Body, which when it was Entire, freely Transmitted the Beams of Light, acquiring by Contusion a multitude of Minute Surfaces, each of which is as it were a Little, but Imperfect Speculum, is qualify'd to Reflect in a Confus'd manner, so many either Beams, or Little and Singly Unobservable Images of the Lucid Body, that from a Diaphanous it Degenerates into a White Body. And I remember, I have for Trials sake taken Lumps of Rock Crystal, and Heating them Red hot in a Crucible, I found according to my Expectation, that being Quench'd in Fair water, even those that remain'd in seemingly entire Lumps exchang'd their Translucency for Whiteness, the Ignition and Extinction having as it were Crack'd each Lump into a multitude of Minute Bodies, and thereby given it a great multitude of new Surfaces. And ev'n with Diaphanous Bodies, that are Colour'd, there may be this way a Greater Degree of Whiteness produced, than one would lightly think; as I remember, I have by Contusion obtain'd Whitish Powders of Granates, Glass of Antimony, and Emeralds finely Beaten, and you may more easily make the Experiment, by taking Good Venereal Vitriol of a Deep Blew, and comparing with some of the Entire Crystalls purposely reserv'd, some of the Subtile Powder of the same Salt, which will Comparatively exhibit a very considerable degree of Whitishness. 13. Seventhly, And as by a Change of Position in the Parts, a Body that is not White, may be made White, so by a Slight change of the Texture of its Surface, a White Body may be Depriv'd of its Whiteness. For if, (as I have try'd in Gold-smiths Shops) you take a piece of Silver that has been freshly Boyl'd, as the Artificers call it, (which is done by, first Brushing, and then Decocting it with Salt and Tartar, and perhaps some other Ingredients) you shall find it to be of a Lovely White. But if you take a piece of Smooth Steel, and therewith Burnish a part of it, which may be presently done, you shall find that Part will Lose its Whiteness, and turn a Speculum, looking almost every where Dark, as other Looking-glasses do, which may not a little confirm our Doctrine. For by this we may guess, what it is chiefly that made the Body White before, by considering that all that was done to deprive it of that Whiteness, was only to Depress the Little Protuberances that were before on the Surface of the Silver into one Continu'd Superficies, and thereby effect this, that now the Image of the Lucid Body, and consequently a Kind of Whiteness shall appear to your Eye, but in some place of the greater Silver Looking-glass (whence the Beams reflected at an Angle Equal to that wherewith they fall on it, may reach your Eye) whilst the Asperity remain'd Undestroy'd, the Light falling on innumerable Little Specula Obverted some one way, and some another, did from all Sensibly Distinguishable parts of the Superficies reflect confus'd Beams or Representations of Light to the Beholders Eye, from whence soever he chance to Look upon it. And among the Experiments annex'd to this Discourse, you will find One, wherein by the Change of Texture in Bodies, Whiteness is in a Trice both Generated and Destroy'd. * * * * * 1. What we have Discours'd of Whiteness, may somewhat Assist us to form a Notion of Blackness, those two Qualities being Contrary enough to Illustrate each other. Yet among the Antient Philosophers I find less Assistance to form a Notion of Blackness than of Whiteness, only Democritus in the passage above Recited out of Aristotle has given a General Hint of the Cause of this Colour, by referring the Blackness of Bodies to their Asperity. But this I call but a General Hint, because those Bodies that are Green, and Purple, and Blew, seem to be so as well as Black ones, upon the Account of their Superficial Asperity. But among the Moderns, the formerly mention'd Gassendus, perhaps invited by this Hint of Democritus, has Incidentally in another Epistle given us, though a very Short, yet a somewhat Clearer account of the Nature of Blackness in these words: Existimare par est corpora suapte Natura nigra constare ex particulis, quarum Superficieculae scabrae sint, nec facile lucem extrorsum reflectant. I wish this Ingenious Man had enlarg'd himself upon this Subject; For indeed it seems, that as that which makes a Body White, is chiefly such a Disposition of its Parts, that it Reflects (I mean without much Interruption) more of the Light that falls on it, than Bodies of any other Colour do, so that which makes a Body Black is principally a Peculiar kind of Texture, chiefly of its Superficial Particle, whereby it does as it were Dead the Light that falls on it, so that very little is Reflected Outwards to the Eye. 2. And this Texture may be Explicated two, and perhaps more than two several ways, whereof the first is by Supposing in the Superficies of the Black Body a Particular kind of Asperity, whereby the Superficial Particles reflect but Few of the Incident Beams Outwards, and the rest Inwards towards the Body it self. As if for Instance, we should conceive the Surface of a Black Body to be Asperated by an almost Numberless throng of Little Cylinders, Pyramids, Cones, and other such Corpuscles, which by their being Thick Set and Erected, reflect the Beams of Light from one to another Inwards, and send them too and fro so often, that at length they are Lost before they can come to Rebound out again to the Eye. And this is the first of the two mention'd ways of Explicating Blackness. The other way is by Supposing the Texture of Black Bodies to be such, that either by their Yielding to the Beams of Light, or upon some other Account, they do as it were Dead the Beams of Light, and keep them from being Reflected in any Plenty, or with any Considerable Vigour of Motion, Outwards. According to this Notion it may be said, that the Corpuscles that make up the Beams of Light, whether they be Solary Effluviums, or Minute Particles of some AEtherial Substance, Thrusting on one another from the Lucid Body, do, falling on Black Bodies, meet with such a Texture, that such Bodies receive Into themselves, and Retain almost all the Motion communicated to them by the Corpuscles that make up the Beams of Light, and consequently Reflect but Few of them, or those but Languidly, towards the Eye, it happening here almost in like manner as to a ball, which thrown against a Stone or Floor, would Rebound a great way Upwards, but Rebounds very Little or not at all, when it is thrown against Water, or Mud, or a Loose Net, because the Parts yield, and receive into themselves the Motion, on whose Account the Ball should be Reflected Outwards. But this Last way of Explicating Blackness, I shall content my Self to have Propos'd, without either Adopting it, or absolutely Rejecting it. For the Hardness of Touchstones, Black Marble and other Bodies, that being Black are Solid, seem to make it somewhat Improbable, that such Bodies should be of so Yielding a Texture, unless we should say, that some Bodies may be more Dispos'd to Yield to the Impulses of the Corpuscles of Light by reason of a Peculiar Texture, than other Bodies, that in other Tryals appear to be Softer than they. But though the Former of these two Explications of Blackness be that, by which we shall Endeavour to give an Account of it, yet as we said, we shall not Absolutely Reject this Latter, partly because they both Agree in this, that Black Bodies Reflect but Little of the Light that falls on them, and partly because it is not Impossible, that in some Cases both the Disposition of the Superficial particles, as to Figure and Position, and the Yielding of the Body, or some of its Parts, may joyntly, though not in an Equal measure concurr to the rendring of a Body Black. The Considerations that induc'd me to propose this Notion of Blackness, as I Explan'd it, are principally these: 3. First, That as I lately said, Whiteness and Blackness being generally reputed to be Contrary Qualities, Whiteness depending as I said upon the Disposition of the Parts of a Body to Reflect much Light, it seems likely, that Blackness may depend upon a Contrary Disposition of the Black Bodies Surface; But upon this I shall not Insist. 4. Next then we see, that if a Body of One and the same Colour be plac'd, part in the Sun-beams, and part in the Shade, that part which is not Shin'd on will appear more of Kin to Blackness than the other, from which more Light Rebounds to the Eye; And Dark Colours seem the Blacker, the less Light they are Look'd upon in, and we think all Things Black in the Dark, when they send no Beams to make Impressions on our Organs of Sight, so that Shadows and Darkness are near of Kin, and Shaddow we know is but a Privation of Light; and accordingly Blackness seems to proceed from the Paucity of Beams Reflected from the Black Body to the Eye, I say the Paucity of Beams, because those Bodies that we call Black, as Marble, Jeat, &c. are Short of being perfectly so, else we should not See them at all. But though the Beams that fall on the Sides of those Erected Particles that we have been mentioning, do Few of them return Outwards, yet those that fall upon the Points of those Cylinders, Cones, or Pyramids, may thence Rebound to the Eye, though they make there but a Faint Impression, because they Arrive not there, but Mingl'd with a great Proportion of Little Shades. This may be Confirm'd by my having procur'd a Large piece of Black Marble well Polish'd, and brought to the Form of a Large Sphaerical and Concave Speculum; For on the Inside this Marble being well Polish'd, was a kind of Dark Looking-glass, wherein I could plainly see a Little Image of the Sun, when that Shin'd upon it. But this Image was very far from Offending and Dazling my Eyes, as it would have done from another Speculum; Nor, though the Speculum were Large, could I in a Long time, or in a Hot Sun set a piece of Wood on Fire, though a far less Speculum of the same Form, and of a more Reflecting Matter, would have made it Flame in a Trice. 5. And on this Occasion we may as well in Reference to something formerly deliver'd concerning Whiteness, as in Reference to what has been newly said, Subjoyn what we further observ'd touching the Differing Reflections of Light from White and Black Marble, namely, that having taking a pretty Large Mortar of White Marble, New and Polish'd in the Inside, and Expos'd it to the Sun, we found that it Reflected a great deal of Glaring Light, but so Dispers'd, that we could not make the Reflected Beams concurr in any such Conspicuous Focus, as that newly taken notice of in the Black Marble, though perhaps there may enough of them be made to meet near the Bottom, to make some Kind of Focus, especially since by holding in the Night-time a Candle at a convenient Distance, we were able to procure a Concourse of some, though not many of the Reflected Beams, at about two Inches distant from the Bottom of the Mortar: But we found the Heat even of the Sunbeams so Dispersedly Reflected to be very Languid, even in Comparison of the Black Marbles Focus. And the Little Picture of the Sun, that appear'd upon the White Marble as a Speculum, was but very Faint and exceeding ill Defin'd. Secondly, That taking two pieces of Plain and Polish'd Surfaces, and casting on them Successively the Beams of the Same Candle, In such manner, as that the Neighbouring Superficies being Shaded by an Opacous and Perforated Body, the Incident Beams were permitted to pass but through a Round Hole of about Half an Inch Diameter, the Circle of Light that appear'd on the White Marble was in Comparison very Bright, but very ill Defin'd; whereas that on the Black Marble was far less Luminous, but much more precisely Defin'd. 6. Thirdly, When you Look upon a piece of Linnen that has Small Holes in it, those Holes appear very Black, and Men are often deceiv'd in taking Holes for Spots of Ink; And Painters to represent Holes, make use of Black, the Reason of which seems to be, that the Beams that fall on those Holes, fall into them So Deep, that none of them is Reflected back to the Eye. And in narrow Wells part of the Mouth seems Black, because the Incident Beams are Reflected Downwards from one side to another, till they can no more Rebound to the Eye. We may consider too, that if Differing parts of the same piece of Black Velvet be stroak'd Opposite ways, the piece of Velvet will appear of two Distinct kinds of Blackness, the one far Darker than the other, of which Disparity the Reason Seems to be, that in the Less obscure part of the Velvet, the Little Silken Piles whereof 'tis made up, being Inclin'd, there is a Greater part of each of them Obverted to the Eye, whereas in the other part the Piles of Silk being more Erected, there are far Fewer Beams Reflected Outwards from the Lateral parts of each Pile, So that most of those that Rebound to the Eye, come from the Tops of the Piles, which make but a small part of the whole Superficies, that may be cover'd by the piece of Velvet. Which Explication I propose, not that I think the Blackness of the Velvet proceeds from the Cause assign'd, since each Single Pile of Silk is Black by reason of its Texture, in what Position soever you Look upon it; But that the Greater Blackness of one of these Tuffts seems to proceed from the Greater Paucity of Beams Reflected from it, and that from the Fewness of those Parts of a Surface that Reflect Beams, and the Multitude of those Shaded Parts that Reflect none. And I remember, that I have oftentimes observ'd, that the Position of Particular Bodies far greater than Piles of Silk in reference to the Eye, may notwithstanding their having each of them a Colour of its own, make one part of their Aggregate appear far Darker than the other; For I have near Great Towns often taken notice, that a Cart-load of Carrots pack'd up, appear'd of a much Darker Colour when Look'd upon, where the Points of the Carrots were Obverted to the Eye, than where the Sides of them were so.
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Opossums are often celebrated for their unique nature and appearance, but many people mistakenly view them as simply a nuisance. They are the only marsupials that live in the United States, and they’ve made quite a name for themselves by playing dead to avoid attacks from potential predators. These creatures are nocturnal and tend to be secretive, venturing out at night in search of food. Their preferred habitat is wooded areas near streams or other water sources. They are also often found in places with mixed habitats, combining forested land with farms and agricultural fields, according to the Illinois Department of Natural Resources. They are considered common all across Illinois, although their population is highest in the southern part of the state, according to Wildlife Illinois. Their numbers can be high in both urban and suburban areas. Opossum populations peak in the summer, when mothers will give birth to a second litter. Opossums do not often cause problems in our homes and yards, but like many other mammals they are opportunistic eaters and will take advantage of poorly secured garbage and pet food. They are good climbers, because they have opposable toes on their back feet that function like thumbs, according to IDNR. Their tails also help them climb and maneuver.
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Wednesday, October 1, 2014 Grandchildren are the crown of the aged, and the glory of children is their parents. Proverbs 17:6 NRSV Before the notion of a continuing afterlife became prevalent in Judaism, the legacy of an individual on earth was his or her children and grandchildren: they continue my flesh, they often continue my name. However, this scripture subverts the popular religious beliefs of the day. Yes, grandchildren are the crown but the glory of parents is not necessarily their children: “The glory of children is their parents.” So often the drive in successful parenting is to enroll children into activities to make parents proud. It is a strange economy where parents’ pride in children is an extension and manifestation of privilege and a celebration of the resulting inequalities. In these cases, whose glory is being celebrated, the child or the parents? If the glory of children is their parents, we seek to live in a world where all children are rendered as divine gifts. Their parents live in a just and equal society where they may give their children opportunities to excel, perform, and create. When parents are disadvantaged from offering their children opportunities, or those opportunities are practiced as exercises in inequality, the legacy left behind is an extension of the mistakes and horrors of the past. We can do better. Holy Spirit, descend upon us, onto all flesh, from our oldest to our youngest. Move in new ways among us. Grant us the courage to speak with tongues of fire to support parents and to work for justice for parents and children, in ways that do honor to you. Amen. Rev. Dr. Christopher D. Rodkey St. Paul’s United Church of Christ Christopher is the author of Too Good to Be True and The Synaptic Gospel
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1 Answer | Add Yours Barlow wanted to warn Charlotte that all is not as it seems on the ship. Captain Jaggery is not the nice man Charlotte thinks he is; in fact, he is so abusive to his crew that they are near mutiny. It would be best for her to get off the ship as soon as she can. We’ve answered 324,520 questions. We can answer yours, too.Ask a question
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NEW - Waterproof Exciter from Visaton EX 60 XWP - 8 Ohm Visaton have recently launched a new waterproof exciter, the EX 60 XWP - 8 Ohm which will be the first of its type to join their electrodynamical exciter range. Adhesive PADs for mounting are also available here, which are specifically designed for the EX 60 XWP. Technical Data for EX 60 XWP |Voice Coil Diameter||32.5 mm| |Length of Cable||150 cm| |Cable Diameter||5.2 mm| |Net Weight||0.224 kg| - Impact Audio
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2017-07-24T08:44:32Z
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The toy industry has revealed its list of 12 must-have toys for this Christmas - but parents may have to dig deep to keep the kids happy. And it may even be hard to get your hands on the cheapest of the Dream Dozen because it is so popular. L.O.L. Surprise has shot to number one in toy charts around the world including the UK and US and experts are warning of a shortage ahead of Christmas. The runaway hit toy which has seven layers with a small gift hidden under each one and a doll at the centre of the parcel, has captured the imagination of little girls who adore the mini-surprises. Watch: the John Lewis Christmas Advert 2017 Based on the YouTube phenomena of “unboxing”, parents also like the £9.99 toy as it has hints of the classic pass the parcel game from their childhoods. Made by MGA Entertainment, UK managing director Andrew Laughton revealed its success had “caught us on the hop”. With global demand rocketing, factories in China are working around the clock and extra supplies are being flown in to Britain as shelves are being stripped as soon as they are restocked. Some parents are buying the L.O.L Surprises by the boxload of 18 toys at a time and industry analyst Frederique Tutt of the NPD Group said: “It is in short supply and my advice to parents is if you see it, buy it as it won’t be there the next day.” An updated version of last year’s hit Hatchimals Surprise for £74.99 was also named a must-have by the Toy Retailers Association (TRA) along with a FurReal’s £135 interactive tiger, Roarin’ Tyler. Only three toys on the list are under £20 and with just 45 days left until Christmas, parents have just one payday to dip into. Despite the expense, the list is a nod to traditional toys with playability rather than hi-tech, screen based toys such as tablets and smart watches. The Original Stretch Armstrong which has been around for decades features along with Lego’s Star Wars:BB-8 and Paw Patrol Sea Patroller. And a £17.99 game called Toilet Trouble which squirts players with water from the bowl if they mis-time the flush is set to be the unexpected Christmas hit. Argos toy expert Linzi Walker said: “Sales of board games are up 30% and this year the focus is on play. “Parents want their children to play with the kinds of toys they had fun with when they were growing up and seem to be rebelling against screens.” According to industry figures, Brits will splurge £1.2 billion on toys this Christmas, accounting for a third of the total amount blown on toys in a year. On average, kids under 12 can expect 11 presents under the tree and despite the expense Ms Tutt said: “Parents never cancel Christmas and often save all year round or go without themselves to make sure the kids have a magical time.” The Dream Dozen Enchantimals Playhouse Panda Set, Mattel, £32.99 Fingerlings, Jazwares/WowWee, £14.99 FurReal Roarin’ Tyler , Hasbro, £134.99 Hatchimals Surprise , Spin Master Toys, £74.99 Laser X - 2 Player Pack, Character Options, £49.99 L.O.L. Surprise Series 2, MGA Entertainment, £9.99 Nerf Nitro Longshot Smash, Hasbro, £21.99 Paw Patrol Sea Patroller, Spin Master Toys, £69.99 PJ Masks Headquarters Playset, Flair Leisure Products, £49.99 Star Wars: BB-8, Lego, £84.99 The Original Stretch Armstrong, Character Options, £21.99 Toilet Trouble, Hasbro, £17.99
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2018-08-21T14:17:28Z
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So for everyone who doesn't know, I graduated with my B.F.A. in photography in March and a week later I began the Masters program in Arts Administration. It's been a whirlwind changing so drastically to a degree where I'm working on so many projects for school and then changing to a major that is very lecture based and with so much information (oh my gosh you have no idea). To my surprise, I am not incredibly bored. I am really enjoying it actually. And what I am really enjoying is working on work for myself. In the arts administration program, at the end of the program you have a final project. It can be an array of things but many of people do exhibitions and even though the time I take senior project is like a year and a half away, I really wanted to work on something to show. Since what I would love to do is work in gallery spaces and maybe hopefully one day have my own gallery, it would only be fitting to do an exhibition of my own photographs. I know the time for me to really execute this plan is like a year away, but I need to start working on photographs for it. Therefore, "Forgiving Home" was born. I've started on it. And I am so unbelievably excited about the outcome over the next year and some months. This is about my experience of forgiving where I grew up. It's not my parents fault that I particularly dislike the place. I had an unbelievable childhood. It was my teenage years that made me want to get away so badly. At 13, I lost my grandfather. It wasn't unexpected. He was in his early 90's, had fallen and broken his hip a year earlier, and basically, he never came home. He lived in a nursing home for the remainder of his life. I hated that place. I really regret not spending more time with him in the remainder of his life, but the place he lived, it smelled like death. It was death. A day after his death, I got my period for the first time. My grandmother was destroyed by his death. Ended up having a heart attack a few months after his passing from a syndrome called "the broken heart syndrome". Go figure. She recovered but was definitely not the same. Over the next two years, she practically mourned herself to death and on April 17th, my father found her on the floor. We figure it was another heart attack. I was at a sleepover the night before. One of my friends at the sleepover found out about her death before I did, over a text. So I found out about my grandma... over a text message. EXACTLY a week after my grandmother's death, an f-4 tornado hit my town. I am grateful to be alive. A tree fell on my room but luckily did not go through the whole house. 20 other trees fell like dominos around our home, but only one fell on our house... on my room. My neighbor and two of my classmates were killed. That day was the first time I ever wished I was dead. Life was a rollercoaster after that. I went to counseling but, it only taught me how to not talk. My doctor put me on prozac. I went from 10mg to 40mg, a full adult dosage, at 15. High school was awful. I wish I liked it. I wish my good memories were more vivid then the bad memories. But they aren't, my good memories are hazy; my bad memories are so vivid, like they happened yesterday. A boy I stupidly thought I was going to marry, broke up with my over a text message, in the middle of my school day. A girl I thought was one of my closest friends turned on me during a severe mental breakdown, and honestly, I didn't blame her. I was screwed up. My senior year of high school I remember thinking if I was brave enough, I would jump out the window and hopefully die. I ended up telling my mother I felt this way (thank God), and the next day I was at the doctors again who fucking finally sent me to a psychiatrist. I went from prozac to celexa which thank God, that medicine worked. I decided to not compete with my high school dance team my senior year because it only made my depression worsen. Girls are awful. Their parents are worse. I still can't believe some of the things those parents said about me, a 17 year old girl, over 30 years younger than they were. I could care less what those girls said about me, and probably still say about me, it's their parents that hurt me more. I am so thankful that I had the dance studio, where I had danced since I was 3, to help me fall in love with dance and life again. College was the best thing to ever happen to me. 5 hours away, away from a place I learned to hate. My roommates always talked about missing home, but I could never understand. I missed my parents, but I did not miss home. I have lost most of my friends from home, which is completely my fault. I just distanced myself so much from that place. I honestly wanted to forget. I learned forgetting is impossible. Every time it storms I remember the tornado. Every time I sit in my grandfather's reclining chair in my apartment, I remember he fell from that chair which ultimately lead to his death. Every time I go home, I see my grandparents old house, and am reminded of what was and what is no longer. Forgetting is impossible, forgiving is not. So almost 5 years since I graduated high school, finally, I am learning to forgive home. This is a work in progress over the next year. It's been a work in progress for over 5 years. I hope you're along for the ride.
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It's an ode to sunrise. This lighter-bodied and milder coffee features bright citrus notes that dance across your tongue, awaken your taste buds and then wash away clean. A wonderful first cup of the day. Crisp and tangy. Always 100% arabica coffee. We've roasted and ground our high-quality arabica beans and packaged them for easy single-cup brewing. It's the coffee you love from Starbucks, now designed for making a perfect cup in less than a minute. Packed in 10 K-Cup portion packs for use in Keurig Brewers. ©Starbucks Coffee Company
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I created this method a couple months ago, and posted it on here briefly for a few minutes, then decided to put it in an ebook instead. Anyways, i decided that instead of working online i would fix computers, so I have this killer method going to waste. So here it is, im gonna share it with everyone here and hope it helps someone. I only sold one copy so like i said, this is a brand new method, step by step on how to profit with breaking news. 1: Create a blog at Blogspot 2: Signup for google adsense and infolinks and wait for approvals 3: Once approved turn on your tv and watch your local news station 4: As soon as you get a really big breaking news story, hurry up and go to your blogspot account, and create a blog specifically about that story. 5: Put plenty of rich content in your blog, then add your adsense and infolinks to it(you can add adsense from the widget menu in blogspot) (to add infolinks, you will need to sign in to your infolinks account and click on integrate, there will be a button you hit close to the bottom that will add it to your blogspot, but you must be signed into blogspot for this to work) 6: Once you have added adsense and infolinks, go to your local news station website, and find the video for that story. At the bottom of the video box there should be an embed link, copy that link and paste it to a notepad or html editor. and pull up your blog page. 7: Then use your add widget box and add the video by putting that embed code in the box and saving. Now people can view the video directly from your site. 8: Now pull up your notepad, and search through the direct link to the video hidden in the embed code. Once you find that link (starting with http copy every thing from the http to the next " mark that you see. 9: Now paste that link in another web browser and when the video pops up, go to "file" in the top left corner of internet explorer, and click download. 10: Now login or register to Youtube. Once logged in, click on upload, at the top of the page, and upload the video you just downloaded. 11: In the title line, put your blog address (http: //www.whatever.blogspot.com) and something like "Read the full story here" behind the blog address. 12: In the keyword line, put as many relevant keywords and phrases as you can think of. Remember to use " marks before and after each phrase, because that is the only way google will recognize phrases. 13: make a description, and save 14: Now go to your local craigslist news section and post a short summary about the story, and put a link to your youtube video. 15: Now you're done! Not only will you receive first page google video results (if done right), but you will also have craigslist traffic. The best part about all of this, is that since it is breaking news, your competition will be minimum to none at first!
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A Texas woman who competed on "Jeopardy!" while battling terminal colon cancer has died the week before her episode was set to air but prize money has gone to cancer research as she wished. "Jeopardy!" host Alex Trebek says in a statement that Cindy Stowell died Monday. “When Cindy Stowell taped her appearance on Jeopardy!, she had Stage 4 cancer. Competing on Jeopardy! was a lifelong dream for Cindy, and we’re glad she was able to do so," the host said. "Sadly, Cindy died on December 5. Our condolences and best wishes to her family and friends.” The quiz show says on its website that the science content developer from Austin was invited to an audition for the show in August. Before the audition, Stowell reached out to a producer to ask how long it might be before she taped her episode because she didn't have long to live and wanted to donate any winnings she could make to cancer research. “Do you have any idea how long it typically takes between an in-person interview and the taping date?" Stowell asked producers. "I ask because I just found out that I don’t have too much longer to live. The doctor’s best guess is about 6 months. If there is the chance that I’d be able to still tape episodes of Jeopardy! if I were selected, I’d like to do that and donate any winnings to charities involved in cancer research." Stowell passed the audition and was booked for the earliest possible taping Aug. 31. Fellow contestants had no idea she was battling stage 4 cancer during the taping. Stowell's longtime boyfriend, Jason Hess, also announced her death on Twitter, saying cancer took his best friend and partner. He also said she was fighting a high-grade fever that turned out to be a blood infection and was on painkillers while taping the episode. “Cindy came on ‘Jeopardy!’ to play the game she loved and in doing so, she was able to make a contribution to cancer research in the hopes that no one else would have to go through what she did,” said Hess and her parents, Greg and Carole Stowell, in a joint statement to the New York Post. Stowell's appearance will air next Tuesday.
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The sun peaked over the distant horizon, filling the realm before it with light, scattering the darkness as it always does each morning. Wu breathed in a deep breath, filling his lungs with the cool morning air from his place meditating atop the Monastery's roof. He opened his eyes slowly, a smile tugging his beard upwards. Today promises to be a good one. "Heeeya!" He glanced down into the courtyard, finding one student already hard at work in the training yard. He promises to be quite the fighter. The boy was quick to use a front handspring to get out of the way of the machine's fist as it spun. "Ha! You're nothing!" The boy grinned at the bot. "Ninja go!" He yelled, using Spinjitzu to charge at the machine but the move soon became unstable, his use of it not quite mastered as yet. He yelled as he ended up thrown towards the robot that immediately smacked him in the face, sending him flying back. Wu winced as he took a hard fall then hopped off the roof, landing silently on his feet then approached with his hands behind his back. "Your form was perfect but you are too hasty. Too cocky." Wu says as he reached a hand down to help the boy up. "Sorry Sensei. I'll do better next time." Jake says as he rubbed the back of his head then dusted off his orange gi and Wu smiled at the youngest member of his new batch of students. "I'm sure you will." Wu says, ruffling the young teen's hair before walking away. "You remind me of a student of mine. The master of fire." He says and Jake perked all the way up at that. To be compared to the master of fire, his favourite ninja Kai himself! Now he was even more determined to pull this off. "Ninja go!" He yelled, jumping right back into practise. Wu chuckled soft then headed inside the monastery for tea. No surprise when he found it already made for him and another student of his already waiting. "Nelson. Good morning. I see you're up early." Wu greeted, taking a seat from across the leader of the team, clad in his purple gi. Not that he realised that yet. "Yeah! I'm an early riser and I know you really like your tea so I just-uh through I might as well do something productive with the extra time, you know?" He says sheepishly. "Why not join Jake with training?" Wu queried, taking his cup of tea and taking a sip. "Ah… Right…" Nelson says sheepishly as he scratched the back of his head. He hadn't thought of that. He was still riding off the high of being sought out by Lloyd, the green ninja's master personally. Yes it was a year ago but he's so excited to become a ninja!- er. Continue being a ninja. "He hasn't got over the kiss up stage, that's why." Antonia says as she walked by in her grey gi, a half eaten apple in hand. Nelson sputtered and she laughed then took another bite. Wu hid his smile into his cup. He's long gotten used to his new students'... Quirks. Antonia was the strong yet level headed one of the group. More than all of the ninja, she syncs with Cole. "And where are you off to this morning?" Wu asked her. "To test out the new bots." Was all Antonia says then walked out into the training yard. "What?!" Wu looked towards the hall leading to their rooms where Gene was now standing half dressed in his indigo gi, panic in his eyes. "Don't break them Antonia! I spent three whole days on those!" He yelled as he rushed out after her, struggling to put on his glasses as he did. Gene was the genius of the group and the builder. He's as eccentric as Jay is. "What's will all the commotion?" Sally asked as she carried breakfast to the table, an apron over her yellow gi. "Gene's trying to save his robots from Toni." Nelson told her and she hummed. "He might already be too late." She says and just then, Gene's cry of dismay came. "Yeah. Too late." She reiterated then headed back to the kitchen for the other plates. "I'll help." Nelson says as he got up, following behind her. Sally was by no means level headed but she was more stable and critical in thinking than them all. Much like Zane. "Is that breakfast I smell?" Wu was unsurprised by Brad walking into the dining space in his pajamas and half asleep, apricot gi thrown over his arm. He seats himself across from Wu, yawning as he scratched his arm, his hair ruffled all over. Wu huffed quietly. "And good morning to you too Brad." Wu spoke up and the boy jolts, as if he hadn't seen him there the whole time. "Oh uh, good morning Sensei." He was quick to say, as sheepish as he was. Wu only nods at him, pouring himself another cup of tea. Brad had a tendency to use a mean front to hide his true self, considering it weak and embarrassing. He uses shows of superiority and usefulness to make himself feel worthy though unnecessary as it was amongst his brothers and sisters here. It's a trait he's also seen in Nya. "Nel, go get the others." Sally says as they brought in the last of their meal in. "Roger." He says, setting the plates down and heading out. "Guys, time to eat!" He called but was ignored by Gene whining over his broken bot, Antonia snickering at him and Jake training with all he's got. He sighed then paused to think. "No food means no energy which means no energy to train Jake!" he called out and the brunette whipped his head around to look at Nelson, considering. "Alright!" Jake yelled back then turned off the machine, running past him. "Come on Gene. I'll stop by Borg Industries today and see if Cyrus has any spare parts for you." As spins the words were out of Nelson's mouth, Gene's head snapped up. "Can I come with you?" He asked seriously and Nelson laughed but nodded. Somewhere along the line, he's become a sort of casual friend of both Cyrus Borg and his daughter Pixal also known as Samurai X: Ninjago's greatest defender. Sure she's backed by the Elemental Alliance, but she's the Ninjago chosen green ninja. The title didn't sit right with Nelson. Yes, he's grateful for her years of service but… There's only one green ninja. "You alright?" Nelson blinked back to the present and focused on a concerned looking Antonia. "Yeah. Don't worry about it." He smiled at her. "Let's go eat." He says, turning back to the inside. Antonia watched him go, not completely believing him but deciding not to push it. Wu had seen the whole happening from his seat thanks to the open concept of the Monastery the original ninja had left him. He looked down into the green of his tea. How long has it been? How long as it been since the ninja have disappeared, taking his brother with them? Wu brings the cup to his mouth and sipped. A few months and it would be 8 years. While he realised it on the night it happened, Ninjago realised after a few months. Their consensus was unanimous: they were all glad they were gone. By then, the elemental masters started calling themselves the Elemental Alliance and had all been equipped somehow with the ninja's gifts. Whether it be new swords and weapons, armor, vehicles, mech amd even items to ward off evil. It made fighting easier for them. None of them offered a thanks for the items they suspiciously then eagerly accepted. The Ninja were fine with that. It sparked fire in their usually humble old Sensei's heart however. He's learned to come to terms with this realms inability to see the bigger picture. It was difficult but as their former Sensei, he had to remain humble. They celebrated, thinking the ninja gone forever. That was far from the truth. Wu knew what happened to them. Not where they were but certainly what happened to them. They came to him in his dreams, told him of a need they couldn't control and bid him farewell. The loneliness that came was as painful and sharp as it always was. But knowing they weren't truly gone as the rest of Ninjago believed lessen the blow. He glanced out the opened Monastery doors at the pillar in the middle of the grounds, holding a gold dragon on top and the six symbols of the ninja in the ground around it, their colours faded to dark gray with their inactivity. He longs for the day their colours returned. "Sensei?" He opened his eyes to see all six of his students looking at him with varying degrees of concern. "You alright?" Nelson asked again and wu nods, setting his cup down. "Yes. Just a little lost in thought. Now eat, all of you. You all have a long day of training ahead of you." He told them and the only one to perk up was Jake. Wu smiled at their mixed reactions. For now, he had new company. He can be patient. "Sensei! Gene and I are heading into New Ninjago City for a bit!" Nelson called over his shoulder as he headed out to where Gene was waiting in his Aerial Assault Jet. "Very well but make sure to come back in time for evening training!" Wu called back and Nelson ran over, hopping into the dark blue jet Nelson wouldn't have believed he made if he hadn't watched him work on it for weeks. "Sensei says to be back in time for evening training." Nelson says as he slipped his seatbelt on, leaving Gene to start the jet up and shut the hatch. "Ugh. Why are we even training so hard? It's not like we get to fight bad guys often. Samurai X and the Elemental Alliance have that covered!" Gene complained as he brought the jet airborne, steering them towards New Ninjago City. "It's not like we're the chosen ones. We're just replacements. And not even good replacements at that!" He growled, irritated. Honestly? He's had similar thoughts before. He could never replace Lloyd or any of the ninja. No-one can. But he didn't accept Sensei Wu's offer to become Lloyd. To become like him, yes but not to be him. He just wanted to do his part for the good of Ninjago. He looked across at Gene as he frowned. "Why take Sensei's offer if you felt like this then?" Nelson asked and Gene froze then hardened his gaze. "... It was either this or the orphanage." Gene says quietly and that surprised Nelson. Orphanage? But Gene had a father. He was one of Ninjago's recurring villains, one of many who stepped out of the shadows when the Ninja disappeared. Then that meant… Nelson looked down into his lap, at his fingers that were laced together as Ninjago flew by below. "... I'm sorry for asking." Nelson whispered and Gene shrugged it off. "Forget about it. It's the past. We're here." Gene says and Nelson blinked in surprise. "Already?!" He sputtered as he looked around and indeed, New Ninjago City was right in front of them. "What's the point in having a slow jet?" Gene grinned as he headed towards Borg Industries, touching down on the landing pad on the roof. Nelson hopped out as soon as the hatch was open then blinked in surprise to see Pixal herself standing there. He smiled as he walked over to her. "Pix, hey!" He greeted cheerfully and Pixal's expression changed subtly. "Hello Nelson. Please call me Pixal." She reminds him lightly and Nelson winced. "Right, right. Sorry." He apologised. "That's an interesting aircraft. It's quite fast from what I've seen." She says, looking towards the jet as Gene walked over. "I made it myself. I haven't decided on a name for it as yet so I've settled on Aerial Assault Jet. Or AAJ for short." Gene says proudly. "Impressive." Pixal complimented. "What brings you two here?" She queries. "We were hoping to pick up some spare parts for Gene's projects if you guys have any." Nelson says, tucking on his heels. The truth is, he's never asked them for something like that before. Gene usually gets his parts from the old abandoned junkyard in the Sea of Sand. He only knew Cyrus personally through his time as a mail carrier in training when the mailman came to the paper route insisting he needed help. Mr Borg had always had a lot of mail that Nelson was unfortunate enough to deliver. He started offering him a moment to rest before continuing his route and would eagerly answer his questions on anything he was working on. Pixal was always there too. Mainly just watching. Now that he remembers, it was… A little creepy. "... I'd have to ask my father. Follow me." She says, coaxing them over to the elevator. Both boys shared an eager look before following after her. "You both came at an opportune time at least." Pixal says once they were in the elevator. "Right now, we are updating the tower's factory. While we usually recycle parts, there's a high chance you may be able to gather a few pieces." She told them as she hit the button for the factory. "You mean I could get pieces of the very same factory that brought Ninjago into the technical age?!" Gene says excitedly and Nelson laughed to himself at his excitement. "Indeed." Pixal nodded and silence fell over the elevator. "... How is Sensei Wu?" She asked them and both Gene and Nelson shared a confused look. "He's ok! We're heading back to train with him after this!" Nelson told her with a grin. "I see…" Was all she says, confusing both boys. Before they could ask, the elevator came to a stop and the doors opened. Both boys awed at the inside of the large factory. Sure Gene has been here before when he was much younger but it's nice to visit when the machinery weren't trying to kill him. Pixal walked in and they followed behind, looking around in awe as the tower workers inspected and removed certain parts of the factory, mainly the robotic arms and the convertor belt. "Father." They looked ahead once Pixal spoke and they saw as Cyrus perked up then turned around in his wheelchair. "Pixal! Ah. I see you have company!" He greeted warmly as always and Nelson grinned while Gene stared wide eyed at the Cyrus Borg, right in front of him! "Long time no see Mr. Borg." Nelson greeted, walking over to shake his hand. "Indeed. Being a ninja is a busy job after all " Cyrus says light hearted and Nelson nods then glanced back at where Gene was fidgeting with his glasses. "I'd like you to meet my friend Gene. He's a pretty smart guy and really looks up to you." Nelson says, gesturing to Hehe who sputtered at the introduction, face going red. "Ah. Now that's a familiar name." Cyrus says and Gene's eyes widened in surprise- but then he hung his head, remembering his father us a pretty wanted villain who put him up for adoption the moment he decided he wanted to always be good. "Correct me if I'm wrong but…" Cyrus began, rolling closer to the boy. "You were the child who presented an exceptional piece on thermodynamics, were you not?" He asked and Gene blinked in surprise. He heard of it? Better yet, he read it?! Despite it being false?! "Y-yes but my thesis was incorrect." Gene says with a frown, not quite sure he's awake. "Indeed but it was an astounding piece. I could hardly believe a child of your age had written it." Cyrus says then smiled wider as he took both of Gene's hands. "It doesn't matter that it was incorrect. What does matter is the knowledge gained from it." He says gently, giving both of Gene's hands a squeeze. The teen looked down at the man before him, at a real genius who thought his most embarrassing and regretful piece was actually worth something. Gene's eyes watered. He squeezed his eyes shut then nodded at him. "Thank you." He told Cyrus, unable to cry the tears that wanted to be shed. Some habits back in his days of being evil are hard to break. No matter how forced and traumatizing they were. Cyrus saw this and decided against asking. "So what brings you ninja here?" Cyrus asked, glancing over at Nelson as he walked over. "We were hoping for any spare parts you might have. Gene's gotten pretty big on the mechanical side of science and likes to build things." Nelson explained and Cyrus grinned. "You've come at the perfect time then. We're completely replacing the robotic arms of the factory and upgrading the rest. If you'd like, you can have the arms of the machinery, wiring and motherboards included." He offered, releasing Gene's hands to roll over to the closest one. "They don't have any damages or anything, I've just come up with a more efficient version that needs less repairs over time." He says, patting the large mechanical arm's base. "Woah, really?!" Both Nelson and Gene spoke at the same time. They looked at each other and Nelson grinned as Gene gave a semi reluctant smile while adjusting his glasses. "Yes really." Cyrus says with a laugh. "They're a little big however. I can arrange transportation if you'd like. Nothing makes me happier than fueling the minds and opportunities of the young." He says cheerfully, his radiant positivity contagious. "That would be amazing!" Gene was quick to say, today already feeling like the best day of his life. Oh who was he kidding? It is! "Perfect! While we're at it, I can get you…" Cyrus trailed off once Pixal walked past them, a suspicious look on her face. All three watched as she headed to where almost all of the workers have gathered: one if very few windows in the factory. "What's with the commotion?" Nelson asked, watching Pixal also climb up to where the high window was. "Is it me or does the outside look darker than I recall?" Gene asked, spotting it through a higher window. "Maybe it's rain?" Nelson suggested, confused still. Just then, a loud, thundering roar echoed, shaking the building with its might, sending the workers into chaos and panic. "... That's not thunder… And this isn't rain." Cyrus says, completely daunted by the familiarity of that roar as Pixal rushed over. "The Overlord." He whispered before she could say it. She gave a dreaded nod. "We have to get you and the rest of New Ninjago City out of here immediately." Pixal told him and no sooner than she said that, was there a loud sound equivalent to an explosion, throwing them all off their feet and causing Cyrus to be thrown out of his chair, hitting his head against the assembly line on the way down. Seconds later, there was another, louder thud that had pieces of the ceiling breaking. "We have to go, now!" Pixal yelled, pulling both boys up then her father, sparing a moment to gasp at his unconscious state and the small trickle of blood running from his temple. She sets him in his chair, fastening the seat belt on it quickly. They took off into a run then, Pixal leading the way with Cyrus in front of her. She lead them to the emergency exit, glad they kept the factory on the first floor. The moment the door pushed open was the moment they could hear loud flapping, putting even more fear into their hearts. Nelson looked up once they were far enough away from Borg Tower and never felt as terrified as he was, looking to where over half of the tower was missing, the upper half of it now laying collapsed behind the base of the building. Worse still was the massive black dragon hovering over the city, the dark clouds he brought with it covering the city with a negative atmosphere. "I-I-I don't understand! How?! Zane destroyed the Overlord years ago! How can he return? Why now when the only people to have defeated him twice are nowhere to be found?!" Gene yelled, spiraling into a panic attack. "We don't need the ninja." Pixal says chin tilted up determinedly. "Take my father and leave the city immediately. The Elemental Alliance and I will take care of this." She says then without giving them a moment to respond, she ran back into the almost completely destroyed building. "We have to tell Sensei Wu immediately." Nelson says as he pulled down his hood. He then took Cyrus by the chair, and taking off into a run, Gene stumbling then catching up with him. "Then save our own skins!" He yelled, pulling his hood down too and Nelson shook his head. "No! That's not want ninja do. We'll come back and we'll help evacuate the city-" "Are you crazy?!" Gene yelled, cutting Nelson off. "Forget what ninja do or don't do! If we come back here, we could be killed! What's the point of being a ninja if you don't live long enough to actually be one?!" He yelled over the terrified screams of people. "And if we don't, a lot of people will be killed because we'd be cowards! Are you really on with that?!" Nelson snapped at Gene who looked stuck. "Ninja…" Both boys looked back once they heard the sole word, loud and growling. They both immediately regretted because now, the Overlord was focused on them, flying towards them on massive wings. "Oh heck, oh heck!" Nelson yelled, running even faster with Gene who was starting to lose his breath. "W-wait! This is good! We can lead him out of the city! Pixal and the Alliance are in their way so they'll get to us before he does! Hopefully!" Gene panted out and Nelson considered before nodding, liking the plan. "Alright! But we can't have Cyrus with us!" Nelson yelled over the flapping of wings getting closer and closer. "The mailman!" Gene says after a moment of looking around, seeing the elderly man hiding behind his parked truck. Nelson spotted him too then looked down at the unconscious man before him. "Sorry about this Mr Borg." He says then turned the wheelchair abruptly and shoved, sending Cyrus rolling down the one-way, right into the mailman. "Here he comes!" Gene all but screamed, looking back at the opened maw getting closer to them filled with sharp teeth. "Follow me!" Nelson yelled then took an abrupt turn, Gene skidding on the turn but managed to make the turn, missing getting eaten by an inch. There was an angry growl before the massive dragon was on their tail again. "How long will you be able to keep running? You only delay the inevitable!" The Overlord growled after them and they rounded another corner but this time, the Overlord was able to keep up without pause. "We can't keep this up for much longer! I'm already running on fumes!" Gene panted out, limbs and lungs burning. "We've gotta push through! Just for a little longer!" Nelson panted out. "The Sea of Sand is just- Woah!" He yelled then he was suddenly swept off his feet. Both Nelson and Gene grunted as they were crushed together, back to back in the talons of the Overlord who've finally caught them. "What's the matter Ninja? It's not like you pests to run. I was looking forward to your shocked, dying faces as I killed you immediately. Though chasing you like the vermin scum you all are was indeed satisfying." The dragon purred, wide maw dangerously close to the duo. "I think he's… Mistaking us for… The Ninja!" Nelson wheezed out against the pressure on his chest. "We're… Not them!" Gene yelled out and the Overlord narrowed his overcast, glowing magenta eyes at them. "What trick is this?" The large dragon hissed and Gene flinched back once a large feeler brushed over him. The Overlord growled then, eyes narrowing at them. "You aren't the Ninja! Where are they?! I will seek my revenge!" He roared at the terrified duo. "We don't know! They disappeared years ago!" Nelson was quick to say and the large dragon narrowed his eyes at them then snarled in irritation, sensing no lie. "How disappointing. But it only serves to make my true goal easier." The Overlord chuckled. Nelson and Gene yelled, finding himself soaring quickly through the air from where they were tossed aside. The desert was rushing quickly towards them both- when suddenly, they were caught by a blur of gold-white. "Are you two alright?" Relief washed over the two when Wu's voice caught their ears. "Sensei! Boy are we glad to see you!" Nelson says, relieved as he managed to sit on the back of their Sensei's elemental dragon. "Sensei, is it me or is the Overlord dragon… Bigger than I remember? He even has four legs this time." Gene says, holding onto Nelson as their Sensei brought them down to the edge of the city. "Yes." Wu sighed, looking troubled. "Not only has the Overlord somehow managed to return, but he's stronger than ever before." He says solemnly, looking back to the city. "If I can't have Ninjago… No-one will!" The Overlord's roar was loud and echoing, no doubt able to be heard from miles away. Just then, a sound similar to thunder started up. They all looked to the sky confused- then horrified when several Wyverns, bipedaled dragons came down, their eyes a bright glowing red and their bodies as black as night. They weren't as big as the Overlord was but they were close enough. Yet again, the Overlord had an army but this one they could tell would be his toughest yet. It hit them all then, what the Overlord's true intentions were. "No. He can't destroy Ninjago… Can he?!?!" Gene asked, panicking anew. "We won't give them the chance." Wu says firmly. "The others are already in the city aiding the evacuation. I want you two to join them." He told them quickly. "But what about you?! And the Overlord?!" Nelson protested. "I will take care of the Overlord. There's one thing I can use to defeat him." Wu says then flinched at the sound of increased chaos starting in the city. "Go, now!" He ordered them, taking off with his dragon, being immediately chased by a group of the smaller black dragons. "Let's go!" Nelson says, taking off with a run- only to stop when his footsteps were the only ones he heard. He looked back at Gene where he stood in place, watching him as he visibly shook. "Aren't you terrified?" He asked Nelson with a small, trembling voice. Nelson smiled at him. "Absolutely." Was his answer, watching as surprise passed Gene's face. "You're not the only one who has thoughts like that. To not want to die. To save yourself. It's perfectly normal. But I can't let myself run away from this, from the lives being lost this very instant. If I could do something, anything to help out, even if I wasn't a ninja, I would do it in a heartbeat, no matter how much my brain screams at me to get away, that I might die." He says, clenching his fist and Gene saw it shaking, as much as he was. "I won't think bad of you or look down on you if you decide to take off but I am going in there and I am helping my friends and the people of Ninjago." Nelson told him then whirled around, taking off again. His heart was pounding in his ears, watching the dragons destroy the city with beams of red from their maws that dripped dark matter, explosions and screams echoing as they spread out through the city. He could barely hear them over his racing pulse. He raced towards the collapsed building blocking the road and peered inside as he passed to make sure no-one was inside. He had to keep going, had to help everyone evacuate. He flinched once he heard a very close explosion then looked up wide eyed as the building next to him began to crumble. He ran as fast as he could but he had already been running from the Overlord for a while added with training earlier. His body hadn't had enough time to rest. He looked up in time to see a large slab of concrete falling directly towards him. Heck! He was gonna- "Ninja go!" A racing dark vortex snatched him out of the way of the concrete's way, coming to a stop at a safe distance. Nelson panted heavily, sitting on the ground in shock. "Are you alright?" He looked up to see Gene checking on him. He couldn't stop the wide smile that pulled at his lips even if he tried. "You came…" Nelson whispered and Gene huffed, reaching a hand down to help him up. "Of course I did. I may be a ninja out of convenience but even so..." Gene says as Nelson took his hand, using it as leverage to stand. "Ninja never quit." He smiled and Nelson grinned, nodding. "Ninja never quit." He repeats, engraving the words into his heart, thinking now, he truly understand the gravity behind those words. "Help!" Their heads snapped up at the close cry, eyes immediately searching the area for the source. "There!" Nelson pointed out, seeing someone's legs kicking from under a pile of rubble. They rushed over, Gene stopping Nelson before he can help. "Wait. The debris fell on them in a unique way, giving them enough space to breathe and to not be completely crushed. We have to be careful or else we'll disrupt that and they'll be crushed." Gene warned quietly as to not let the victim hear and struggle even more. "Don't worry. We'll save you!" Nelson told them then looked over the large slabs of building resting precariously over them. He then noticed the largest slab resting on top was keeping the space too small for them to just crawl out on their own. "If we can get rid of this, they'd be able to get out on their own." Nelson says, gesturing to the piece he meant. "But we aren't strong enough to move it. And if we tamper with it without getting it off right away, it might fall over and crush their lower half." Gene warned. Nelson thought for a while before he had an idea. "Do you trust me?" He asked Gene who looked wary now. "I do." He answered without pause but knew whatever their stupidly courageous leader had in mind would be insane. "What do you have in mind?" He asked critically and Nelson only grinned. Wu somehow managed to stay out of sight of the Overlord as he headed for their only hope: the golden armor. It was no surprise that the building was abandoned but he was glad for it. It meant that they had gone looking for safety, increasing their chances of survival. Now that he had the armor on his person, atop the back of his elemental dragon as he struggled to out maneuver the dragons that have locked onto him. The ground was too obstructed and the roofs were exposed. His best bet was to travel by dragon but he had to distract them long enough to get a clear shot. He had to take care of this as quickly as he could. He fears however, that he alone, even with the aid of the golden armor, wouldn't be able to take this upgraded Overlord. But he must try for the sake of all of Ninjago. He continued to try and shake the dragons but they were avid fliers and kept on his tail, shooting at him. Suddenly, one was hit and it screeched then vanished. All at once, the offending dragons were being shot down around him. He looked to the source of his help and wasn't surprised to find that it was Pixal in her mech. "The Alliance and I will clear a path! You take the Overlord down- and fast!" Pixal yelled from her mech and Wu nods once. He then flew his dragon towards the Overlord's massive back from where he had settled in the heart of the city, blasting everything in his path with the magenta beam coming from his mouth. Two aircraft's came in then, distracting the Overlord as more attacks rained on the black dragons. He had a clear shot now. He had to put everything both he and the armor had into this. Meanwhile, Gene ran as if his tail was on fire, jumping from rooftop to rooftop as a black dragon chased after him. "I never agreed to this!" He yelled as he ran back to where the meet up point was, skidding down a fire escape suddenly to avoid being eaten and to throw the dragon off on his location. The dragon hissed as it looked down on the alleyway for him- then flew in once a purple clad figure ran out towards the main road. "You did an amazing run Gene!" He yelled back at his ninja brother then ducked out of the way of its sharp claws. It started to grow annoyed it seemed and gathered energy in its mouth. "That wasn't part of the plan big guy!" Nelson yelled then looked around quickly. He swerved out of the way of the building pile and the person trapped beneath it, towards the building blocking the road not too far away then dropped once the time was right, allowing it's destructive beam to hit the collapsed building, the impact breaking it into two and clearing the road enough that any person could climb their way over safely. He didn't have a moment to spare however. He rolled out of the way of the taloned feet grabbing after him then ran again, back to where the trapped person was. He had to time this just right. Gene said climbing over it will slow him down and the dragon will be guaranteed to strike then. Here comes the moment of all their efforts! He quickly began climbing onto the large slab the person was under then glanced back- only to yelp seeing the dragon diving in, seconds away from taking him instead. "Ninja go!" He yelled, using his Spinjitzu to get out of the way. The dragon grabbed the concrete slab instead of him then, lifting it off and away. Nelson grinned as Gene ran in, helping the person out as Nelson watched the dragon fly away- only to loop around and began flying back, with the concrete slab. "We need to go! Now!" Nelson yelled and Gene looked back then paled, tugging the rescued man along. "Quick! We need to hide!" Gene yelled as he looked around. "Over there!" Nelson pointed out the mostly destroyed building with the first story mostly untouched. They darted over with their rescue, diving into the building just in time for the dragon to drop the slab of concrete, blocking the way in. They heard it land then as they retreated as far into the building as they could. "It's most likely going to blast the building. With all the rubble on top of the already unstable roof, the building will complement collapse!" Gene warned and the man looked at him terrified. "I got rescued to be buried again?!" He yelled, panicking. "No way. We're Ninja. We always find a way out of sticky situations like this." Nelson reassured then glanced around the room, beaming once he spotted a way out. "There. An emergency exit sign." He pointed out and they ran to where it pointed, towards the back of the building. "See? We're alright." Nelson says as he pushed open the door, all three of them coming out. "U-uh… Nel… son…" Gene managed to get out and the purple ninja looked at his fellow ninja, seeing bun looking up. Nelson looked up too then paled to see the dragon there, waiting for them, mouth holding a beam of dark energy, ready to hit them. "Oh pop rock." He whispered and the dragon snarled. Before it could hit them however, a sudden blast of fire had it shrieking as it withered into dark shadow then nothing. Nelson's heart picked up. That fire! Could it be?... A figure walked to the edge of the building then jumped down. "You kids alright?" Nelson felt disappointment fill him upon realizing it was just Skylor, master of amber. "Yeah. We are." Nelson nodded. "The Alliance has this from here. You take this civilian and get to the east exit to the sea of sand with the rest of your friends. We have an evacuation craft waiting." She told them, scouting the area, remaining unphased by the near constant rumbling of the ground from the continuous attack against the city. "No buts." Skylor told Nelson sharply, all but glaring over her shoulder at him. "This is too dangerous for your level right now. Remember, none of you are chosen ones and we're not asking you to be. Wu might have put great expectations on you but there's such a thing as over achieving. Just look at the original ninja." She told them and her words did sting. "I can't afford to waste more time here with you. There are still people to be rescued in there. Take the civilian and go. Now ." She told them sharply before floating off into the air further into the ruins of the city, pulling out a sword. "We can't just leave! She can't rescue everyone by herself!" Nelson yelled, face red in anger. "How about we get this guy to the evacuation point then we make a plan to help. It won't do us any good to rush into the city without one" Gene says, placing a hand on his shoulder and Nelson gave an angry sigh through his nose but nodded. "Yeah, alright. Let's go." He agreed much to the man's relief. The Overlord turned around as Wu focused his energies, figuring out that he was being distracted for a reason. He chuckled low once he spotted Wu, spotted the golden armor he adorned. "Son of the First Spinjitzu Master. I must say, I'm surprised you are still around while your students have all vanished. You should have vanished with them." He hissed, using his tail to flick away the pesky aircraft trying to regain his attention as he watched the old man become enveloped in the armor's golden energies. " You should have never returned! And I will make sure you never will again!" Wu yelled, his eyes glowing gold as he urged his now fully gild dragon faster. "By all means… Give it your best shot." The dark dragon purred, spreading his tattered wings. That simple statement sent alarm bells off in Wu's head but he can't afford to lose his resolve. He yelled as he held his brightly glowing fist back as he got closer to the Overlord's face then threw his punch and all the energy he's mustered up from both himself and the armor, hitting the Overlord dead on. Just like the first time, there was a huge explosion of gold power, the force of it enveloping both Wu and the Overlord. Pixal hunkered down to ride it out, Chamile and Karlof doing the same in their own mechs. At the evacuation point at the outskirts of the city, Antonia, Brad, Sally and Jake stood in awe, watching the massive explosion of brilliant energy. Jake looked around once he heard footsteps then gasped once he saw Gene and Nelson running over. "Gene! Nelson!" He yelled, running to meet them halfway then throwing his arms around them both. "I'm so glad you guys are ok!" He says in relief and both boys smiled wearily, hugging him back. "Guys! Sensei Wu did it!" Brad yelled as he ran over. They looked towards the huge ball of energy and their smiles simultaneously fell, noticing it's expansion slowing down drastically- all of them paling when it began to reverse, the energy being sucked in. Inside the massive ball, Wu struggles against the sudden force sucking all of the energy he exerted in- and more. He yells when the energy left him all at once, the brightness of it swirling into the Overlord's open maw. Darkness immediately returned to the land as the Overlord chuckled, watching as Wu fell, holding a paw out to catch him but not to help. Never to help. "I've absorbed the golden energy once, what made you think I couldn't do it again!" The Overlord laughed at Wu as the Sensei struggled to even move, feeling the exhaustion in his very core. "I've evolved past the level of golden power! Nothing you or anyone can do will stop me!" He roared then threw the old man up. Wu weakly flailed, finding himself without tether and without the energy to summon his dragon. That turned out to not matter. He was hit hard by the spiked tail of the Overlord, the sharpness of them ripping into his side and back as he was sent plummeting to the ground. His students watched helplessly from the desert as their master came barreling through one, two, three buildings, breaking off the edge of a roof then landing with an explosion of sand further out. "Sensei!" They yelled as they ran over, hearts pounding with fear for their teacher. Jack got their first then gasped at the sight of him, beaten and bleeding out, his breaths coming out in harsh gasps. "Nonono! No! Sensei!" He yelled, tears pouring down his cheeks as he tried to put pressure against his wound with his bare hands. "That won't do. All of you, give me your hoods." Sally told them, coming to kneel next to him. They did so quickly and she compacted 4 of them, using the other two to tie it against his side tightly, keeping her nerve as he grunted and groaned in pain. "Hell be ok, right? Right?" Jake asked Sally as he shook but Sally kept her mouth pressed thin, not wanting to give him false hope. "Come here." Antonia says, pulling him up and hugging him close, keeping his face away from their teacher in that state. "Wu's a tough guy. Don't worry." She whispered, glancing at him as Jake gripped her gi. "Sensei…" Nelson whispered on his knees, holding his hand, teeth gritted tightly. Nelson blinked, looking at his pale lips once they moved again, trying to say something it seems. Nelson swallows down his grief then leaned over, putting his ear to his Sensei's mouth. The team watched quietly as he did, wondering what he was trying to say. Nelson's eyes widened and he sat up. He then reached into their Sensei's robe and pulled out a picture. Just then, Ash and Shade who were supervising the large escape aircraft came running over. "Damn. He got himself banged up pretty good huh." Ash huffed as he held a cloth gurney in hand. "As it stands, he's the best chance we have of taking down the Overlord so we have to get him fixed up. Luckily, we have a whole hospital staff on that ship. They'll fix him up." He says, walking into the impact crater and they stepped back, allowing both he and Shade to load him on carefully. "Not bad for a couple of kids but it's bet you 'ninja' leave things to the Alliance." Shade says, clearly looking down on them. "Now get on the aircraft you'll be left behind." He told them, gesturing to the flight with engines ready for take off. "No." Nelson said as he stood. "If you're planning on going back into the city-" "We aren't." Nelson says, cutting Ash off. "We have our own mission to do and it's not in the city so you don't have to worry. You do your thing and we'll do ours." He told them, keeping his chin up stubbornly. "... Whatever you want kid." Ash huffed then he and Shade took off with Wu. "What mission? Where are we going?" Brad asked Nelson once they were gone. Nelson gripped the picture in hand tightly then looked to the others. "They keep saying we aren't the chosen ones… But now, we are." Nelson whispered then held the picture out so they could all see. "This is Sensei Wu's request, our mission. The golden power couldn't stop the Overlord. So now, it's up to us to find the only ones who can. From this moment on, we start the most important and crucial mission we've ever had." He told them and they all looked wide eyed at the picture of their Sensei and the original ninja after they had gotten their new powers. "Starting now; we have to find the Six Gods of Ninjago at all costs."
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Straddler Bolster Chair The Straddler Bolster Chair ia a seating choice designed for children whose legs tend to adduct, moving towards or past the center axis of their body. The Bolster Chair promotes sitting in an upright position, increasing the hip to back angle and permits the pelvis to tilt anteriorly. The straddler assists with sit to stand activities and encourages independence in getting on and off the chair. The height, depth and angle are all adjustable. The pelvic stabilizer is width adjustable and features a soft, comfortable pelvic belt. The seat is easy to clean and remains comfortable for hours. Buy your Straddler Bolster Chair from ActiveForever.com! Bolster Chair Specifications: - Seat Depth: 13.5"-19" - Seat Height: 9.5"-16.5" - Distance Between Laterals on Stabilizer: 5"-9" - Weight Capacity: 75 lbs Warranty: Limited two-year warranty Returns: All returns subject to ActiveForever's return policy and a 15% reprocessing fee. Please call Customer Service for a RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization) Number. Unauthorized returns will not be accepted. Related Searches: SD 2000
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TAD600 Series are off-road, in-line 6-cylinder, 5.7-liter diesel engines. They feature six-hole fuel injection nozzles, direct injection unit pumps, and turbo. - High power and torque already at low engine speed. Well-balanced engine for smooth operation and low noise levels. - Compact, simple installation and easy to service. Easily accessible service points. - High-tech injection system contributes to efficient combustion and low fuel consumption. Emission reduction using internal EGR. - High torque at low revolutions and fast response – Withstands high sulphur levels – High power density - Common platform enables adjustment to prevailing emission standards – Fully electronic with Volvo Penta EMS 2, both CAN-bus and stand-alone interface (optional)
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It was with much brouhaha today Rupert Murdoch explained that he was going to pull NewsCorp from the Google search spiders. This of course is interesting, but I hardly think that it spells the end of Google and I believe that the impact on NewsCorp will be significantly more negative.The general sense is easy to comprehend, NewsCorp owns the content. Google is spidering it and sending people there for free. Obviously, NewsCorp is in business to make money, but wants to make more. Journalists at the Wall Street Journal aren’t free.So I get it, but I also get that Google drives more traffic than anyone on the planet right now and I’d suspect that it would be better to get that traffic than not, but what do I know. Since they didn’t ask me, I’ll offer my suggestion – offer 1/2 the article as a teaser and a micropayment for the remainder. This leads to the micropayment issue not being resolved, but hey, we are a race of short term thinkers.I don’t think that, in Jason Calacanis‘ view point, that this is the most important story of the year. Nor do I believe that this is going to impact Google in the least. I’m just guessing right now, but looking Compete, I only see 14M monthly unique visitors to the Wall Street Journal, the New York Post and the Times. 14 million uniques. Google gets 145M uniques per month, which is where Jason probably got the 10%.But I’d suggest that people that go to sites that are owned by News Corp, go there directly more often than not, and not through search. If I want to find out what is going on in San Jose, I don’t go to Google and search for it, I’ve been trained over the past 15 years to go to MercuryNews. Likewise, if I’m looking for financial information (and want to get really good writing), I don’t search for it, I go to Wall Street Journal. I’d guess I’m not alone in this.Jason does paint a great picture of this playing out though, with Microsoft’s Bing coming in to serve NewsCorp content as a premium: So, for a moment, imagine a world where Bing could say in their TV commercials:“Want to search the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, USA Today and 3,894 other newspapers and magazine?”“Well, then don’t go to Google because they don’t have them!”“Go to Bing, home of quality content you can trust!” He also asks 3 pretty good questions about this rejection of Google and a potential partnership with Bing. Here they are with my answers:a) If 1,000 major publications pursued this strategy, would it work? The vast majority of the 1,000 major publications have completely missed the bus when it comes to online strategy. I have a really hard time believing that they could pull themselves out of their scotches and build a vision for this type of collusion and then execute on this. By the time that they are able to even see this happening, 50% of them will either be acquired or will have gone out of business.b) If you would only search the top 1,000 newspapers and magazines on Bing, would you use it? How often? No. I get my local news from 1 news source (Mercury News) mentioned above and I get my national news from CNN or WSJ, or NYTimes or something with a bit more credibility. Everything else comes from blogs and citizen journalism. At some point, the line between blogs and major news outlets will change, but that is a different story.c) What is the percentage chance this will happen (I need a #), and why? Less than 10%. First off, Rupert Murdoch views this as a competitive advantage. Other news outlets will see this as a similar strategy, but won’t go the way of NewsCorp and may look for other outlets for their online distribution. Second, there is no way that the logistics of this could be managed. Getting 1,000 (or some other large number) organizations to work together is damn near impossible. Finally, I think that organizations would rather figure out a way to monetize their content more effectively based on Google sending traffic, rather than cut off their noses to spite their face.What do you think? Leave me a comment and tell me if I’m nuts or inline with this thinking.Here is the video to learn more: As always, Sameer Patel has a great post on Enterprise 2.0 and the impact that Google’s announced, but still vaporous, operating system. He even paints a fantastic picture of what having Google Chrome OS would / could look like in the enterprise: Google packages up a Netbook with ChromeOS, Google Apps, Umbrella Analytics, Google Gears and and Wave-enabled Enterprise 2.0 capabilities. The full enchilada along with a developer platform to enable customization for specific use cases in the enterprise. Now that’s a software distribution model that in theory can give SharePoint bundled with Exchange, a serious run for its money. And that also speeds up commoditization of Enterprise 2.0 solutions. Which would be awesome! But again, Google is talking about 2010. We know that Google apps stay in beta for about a millennium, so assume that Chrome OS is actually ready for prime-time in mid-2011. Sprinkle some Google Wave on that, which also won’t be ready until 2010ish, and all of a sudden we are talking about stuff that is 2 years out. Cool stuff, but so are flying cars. No enterprise is investing in Google Chrome OS or Wave until late 2011.Flip the equation on it’s head though and rather than focus on enterprises, focus on absolutely owning SMB. If you have less than 50 employees, Chrome OS, with the apps package that Sameer laid out, is a no-brainer. - With self-service, SMB is a much easier market to penetrate. Small businesses don’t have large IT departments if they have any IT department at all. Really small businesses are just a few folks trying to deliver a service that they are good at and don’t want to have to deal with hiring some guy at $100 an hour to ensure that the drivers on their XP system work with the new color printer that they just got. Small businesses don’t care if a service is in the endless Google beta cycle. They want to know if it works? Is it always available? Is it relatively secure? Can I afford it? - Google Checkout and Payment Systems are already there. Google has the payment system figured out. Buying this stuff will be insanely easy. While at the same time being able to provide Checkout to a wide number of small businesses to help modify their payment system out of the box. This could be a huge thorn in the side of PayPal. - Open Source will create an abundance of apps. While it will take forever for the enterprise to bring ChromeOS on board, because it is open source, there will be a ton of applications for SMB right out the gate. Think about Google Forms, Google SFM, Google Finance, Google Tax, the list goes on and on. Companies like DreamFactory will make a bunch of easily ported applications and development tools. Think of iPhone apps, but with more power. Go into the Chrome Store (like Force.com), find your apps, order them and pay via Google Checkout and they are already running. Again, keep it simple for the small business owner. - SMB doesn’t care about beta – I mentioned it above, but most people recognize that Google beta and other beta aren’t the same thing. SMB owners want their machines to boot up, they want to be able to access their apps, they want their data to be there. If GMail’s beta period is any indication to the performance of ChromeOS in beta, there won’t be any issues at all. - Google can connect SMB’s together via Wave or Orkut. It’s been amazing that MSFT hasn’t figured it out yet. If you own the OS, you should own the social network. Xobni recognizes that the best social network is in your inbox, but imagine being able to easily connect to other like businesses. How powerful would it be if auto body repair shops were able to connect to other auto body repair shops to share ideas, trade parts, develop joint marketing plans or make referrals? It’s a long way out, but it was a big announcement this morning. I don’t know if it was a nuclear bomb, as TechCrunch called it, is quite right, but it certainly was big and will be a thorn in Redmond’s side for the next 18 months. Congratulations to my friends over at Flickr for launching embeddable slide shows. This is really very cool.Here is a slide show from when we built our house. You can read more about the process here. One of the last projects that I was working on prior to leaving Yahoo was laying out the support guidelines for Flickr Video. I’m really happy to see that the team launched Flickr Video tonight. Like everything that the Flickr team does, this product is really nicely done. Congratulations to the entire team!!! Here is the link to my first video. Had an awesome time last night at the Flickr Turns 4 party. It was great to see some old friends and meet some new ones.Photos from the evening are here. Heather’s recent post on the Flickr blog highlighted a service called Photojojo. Essentially, it is a time capsule for your Flickr photos. Sign up for it and it automagically sends you a couple of photos from a year ago.It is pretty sweet. Today, I got two pictures from when we were designing our house. I nice reminder. I’ve been thinking about MSFT & YHOO ever since Steve Souders went to Google about a month ago. Not so much in regards to an acquisition, but for what MSFT did to Borland during my first year there back in 1996 (I’m old).If you aren’t familiar with the history, during the battles between Visual Basic (MSFT) and Delphi (Borland), MSFT recruited away 30 members of the Delphi development team, including Paul Gross and Anders Hejlsberg, essentially killing Delphi and with it, Borland. MSFT threw obscene amounts of money at the Borland Delphi team. Literally, tens of millions of dollars.Why wouldn’t MSFT & GOOG do the same thing? Why not just identify a few dozen of the key people within the company, throw a ton of money at them and kill YHOO from the inside? Facebook did it to the west coast sales team a few years ago. Why not keep that going? It would be cheaper than doing an acquisition.Then I started thinking about the old Bill Gates spam that came out in the early days. Remember that? If you forwarded an email, Bill Gates would give you a few dollars for each person you sent it to because he was tracking some new email service?For $45 billion, MSFT just paid about $55 per user for YHOO’s 800 million users. MSFT may have been able to extend an offer to pay key users $100 to migrate their usage to MSN and generate some pre-defined number of page views. They would have still paid out a bunch of money, but it would have been far less than the $45B that they are paying for YHOO and they would have killed YHOO, possibly making them more intimidating to GOOG (maybe). It also would have gotten users on MSN faster than the integration will happen.Alas, Ballmer didn’t call me for guidance and selfishly announced the acquisition before I could offer my two cents. Two of the more perfect metaphors that I’ve heard are ‘two elephants mating’ (Paul Kedrosky) and ‘Tying the Titanic to the iceberg’ (Andy Baio).The problem that YHOO has faced, with few exceptions (Flickr, MyBlogLog, Upcoming), for at least a couple of years is that YHOO needs to pander to the lowest common denominator. YHOO needs to make 800 million people come back to their pages on a regular basis. Not an easy task, but it is hard to release services that are unique and innovative that 800 million people will adopt (Twitter is awesome, but only has 800K users). In other words, YHOO has become the Wal-Mart of the internet.There is nothing wrong with being Wal-Mart mind you. Wal-Mart is a big, consistently profitable company, but don’t expect the next big thing to come out of it. The company will be too conservative or too slow.In the end, the MSFT acquisition of YHOO will go through. The integration of 3 different ad plaforms (YHOO, RightMedia & MSN) will take a really long time. This will frustrate advertisers who will migrate to GOOG (for contextual) and Facebook (for display). The really good people within YHOO (the people they should have targeted in the first place), will get frustrated with the stock price, the direction of the integration and the idea of working for ‘the man’.If there is a negative impact for my friends, I’ll be bummed. They are smart, they will land on their feet. I’ll be more disappointed if the YHOO services that are really interesting, like Flickr, like MyBlogLog, like the stuff coming out of Brickhouse, gets mitigated to the back burner in favor of less exciting services that pander to the masses.
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Fancy making some easy cash? You just need: – Facebook friends – ten minutes or so It works like this: you invite your friends to our events and we give you 10% commission if they book a place. You just go to the event page on Facebook: and hit the “Invite” button and “choose friends” – then invite as many friends as you want. How do you know if one of your friends is coming? Just check the list of people who say they’re coming on the event page and Facebook will tell you if you invited them. Then just ask them if they actually made a booking or just clicked for the fun of it. When they confirm that they’ve made a book just write to me and I’ll send you your commission. 10% commission on the Sahara retreats gets you 39.5 euros and we can send it you by Paypal. If you don’t have Paypal just sign up – it takes a few minutes only and the cash is with you in moments.
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126) Effects of Pressure and pH on the Physical Stability of an I-motif DNA Structure. Lepper CP, Williams MAK, Edwards PJB, Filichev VV, Jameson GB, ChemPhysChem, 20(12), 1567-1571, 2019. 125) Aggregation and coalescence of partially crystalline emulsion drops investigated using optical tweezers. Otazo MR, Ward, RL, Gilles G, Osborne RS, Golding M, Williams MAK, Soft Matter, 15(31), 6383-6391, 2019. 124) Lubrication by biomacromolecules:mechanisms and biomimetic strategies. Pradal C, Yakubov GE, Williams MAK, McGuckin MA, Stokes JR, Bioinspiration & Biomimetics, 14(5), 051001, 2019. 123) Responsive polysaccharide-grafted surfaces for biotribological applications, Pradal, C., Yakubov, G.E., Williams, M.A., McGuckin, M.A. and Stokes, J.R., Biotribology, 18, p.100092, 2019. 122) Resolving solution conformations of the model semi-flexible polyelectrolyte homogalacturonan using molecular dynamics simulations and small-angle x-ray scattering. Mansel, B.W., Irani, A.H., Ryan, T.M., McGillivray, D.J., Chen, H.L. and Williams, M.A., The European Physical Journal E, 42(2), p.19, 2019. 121) Interactions of Macromolecules: β-Lactoglobulin Interaction With Pectins. Melton, Laurence D., Amy Y. Xu, Martin AK Williams, and Duncan J. McGillivray. Encyclopaedia of Food Chemistry 424-430, 2019. 120) Applications of Microrheology to Food Systems. Pradhan, Susav, Catherine P. Whitby, and Martin AK Williams. Encyclopaedia of Food Chemistry 130-133, 2019. 119) Charged functional domains introduced into a modified pectic homogalacturonan by a mixture of pectin methylesterases isozymes from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck var. Pineapple) Kim, Y., Cameron, R.G., Williams, M.A. and Lee, C.J., Food Hydrocolloids. 96, 589-595, 2019 118) Understanding how the properties of whey protein stabilized emulsions depend on pH, ionic strength and calcium concentration, by mapping environmental conditions to zeta potential. Ravindran, S., Williams, M.A.K., Ward, R.L. and Gillies, G., Food hydrocolloids, 79, pp.572-578, 2018. 117) Effects of Pressure and pH on the hydrolysis of cytosine: Implications for the nucleotide stability around deep-sea smokers, Lepper CP, Williams MAK, Penny D, Edwards PJB, Jameson GB, ChemBioChem, 19(6), 540-544, 2018. 116) Structural and functional effects of manipulating the degree of methylesterification in a model homogalacturonan with a pseudo-random fungal pectin methylesterase followed by a processive methylesterase. Kim, Y., Cameron, R.G., Williams, M.A. and Luzio, G.A., Food Hydrocolloids, 77, pp.879-886, 2018. 115) Structural analysis of polysaccharide networks by transmission electron microscopy: comparison with small-angle X-ray scattering. Hernandez-Cerdan, P., Mansel, B.W., Leis, A., Lundin, L. and Williams, M.A. Biomacromolecules, 19(3), pp.989-995, 2018. 114) Overstretching partially alkyne functionalized dsDNA using near infrared optical tweezers. Raudsepp, A., Kent, L.M., Hall, S.B. and Williams, M.A. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 496(3), pp.975-980, 2018. 113) On the electrophoretic mobilities of partially charged oligosaccharides as a function of charge patterning and degree of polymerization Irani, A.H., Mercadante, D. and Williams, M.A., 2018. Front Cover: Electrophoresis, 39(12), 2018. 112) Effects of polysaccharide charge pattern on the microstructures of β-lactoglobulin-pectin complex coacervates, studied by SAXS and SANS. Xu, A.Y., Melton, L.D., Ryan, T.M., Mata, J.P., Rekas, A., Williams, M.A. and McGillivray, D.J., Food Hydrocolloids, 77, pp.952-963, 2018. 111) Molecular dynamics simulations illuminate the role of counterion condensation in the electrophoretic transport of homogalacturonans. Irani, A.H., Owen, J.L., Mercadante, D. and Williams, M.A. Biomacromolecules, 18(2), pp.505-516, 2017. 110) Sugar-coated proteins: the importance of degree of polymerisation of oligo-galacturonic acid on protein binding and aggregation. Xu, A.Y., Melton, L.D., Ryan, T.M., Mata, J.P., Jameson, G.B., Rekas, A., Williams, M.A. and McGillivray, D.J. Soft matter, 13(14), pp.2698-2707, 2017. 109) A tale of two pectins: Diverse fine structures can result from identical processive PME treatments on similar high DM substratesOwen, J.L., Kent, L.M., Ralet, M.C., Cameron, R.G. and Williams, M.A.K., Carbohydrate polymers, 168, 365-373, 2017. 108) Controlling chain flexibility in collagen networks to produce hydrogels with distinct properties. Lian, J., Mansel, B.W., Ingham, B., Prabakar, S. and Williams, M.A., Soft Materials, 15(2), pp.145-152, 2017. 107)Raudsepp, A., Williams, M.A.K. and Hall, S.B., Mapping the restoring force of an optical trap in three dimensions using a two laser dual-trap approach. Journal of Modern Optics, 64(14), pp.1450-1456, 2017. 106) Revealing the structure of high-water content biopolymer networks: Diminishing feezing artefacts in cryo-SEM images, Efthymiou C, Williams MAK, McGrath KM, Food Hydrocolloids, 73, 203-212, 2017. 105) Introduction and characterization of charged functional domains into an esterified pectic homogalacturonan by a citrus pectin methylesterase and comparsion of its modes of action to other pectin methylesterase isozymes, Kim Y, Williams MAK, Luzio GA, Cameron RG, Food Hydrocolloids, 69, 422-431, 2017. 104) Protein and polysaccharide conjugates as emerging scaffolds for the drug delivery systems, Xu AY, Melton LD, Williams MAK, International Journal of Nanotechnology, 14.1-6 (2017): 470-480, 2017. 103) Effects of non-Gaussian Brownian motion on direct force optical tweezers measurements of the electrostatic forces between pairs of colloidal particles, Raudsepp A, Williams MAK & S. B. Hall . Eur. J. Phys. E, 39: 70, 2016. 102) Hey hey hey hey, it was the DNA. Williams M.A.K, New Journal of Physics 18: 051002, 2016. 101) Multidimensional mapping of the restoring force of an optical trap using triangular wave flow, Raudsepp, M. A. K. Williams & S. B. Hall Journal of Modern Optics, DOI: 10.1080/09500340.2016.1199819, 2016. 100) Nonlinear Behaviour of Gelatin Networks Reveals a Hierarchical Structure. Yang Zhi, Hemar Yacine, Hilliou Loic, Martin A K; et al. Biomacromolecules, 17: 590, 2016. 99) Morphology of complexes formed between beta-lactoglobulin nano fibrils and pectins is influenced by the pH and structural characteristics of the pectins. Hettiarachchi, Charith A; Melton, Laurence D; Williams, Martin A K; et al. Biopolymers, 105: 819, 2016. 98) Measuring the interaction between a pair of emulsion droplets using dual-trap optical tweezers. Griffiths M, Raudsepp A, McGrath K, Williams MAK. RSC Advances, 6: 14538, 2016. 97) Structure and Properties of a Non-processive, Salt-requiring, and Acidophilic Pectin Methylesterase from Aspergillus niger Provide Insights into the Key Determinants of Processivity Control. Kent LM, Loo TS, Melton LD, Mercadante D, Williams MAK, Jameson GB, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 291(3): 1289-1306, 2016. 96) β-Lactoglobulin nanofibrils can be assembled into nanotapes via site-specific interactions with pectin. Hettiarachchi CA, Melton LD, McGillivray DJ, Loveday SM, Gerrard JA, Williams MAK. Soft Matter, 12(3): 756-768, 2016. 95) On the properties of residual dipolar coupling alignment tensors: Simulations illuminate how the residual dipolar couplings depend on the relative orientations of the magnetic field, the director of the alignment phase and the bond vectors, Lepper CP, Williams MAK, Edwards PJB, Concepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A, 45A (5), e21417, 2016. 94) ZnO/PVP nanoparticles induce gelation in type I collagen, Lian J, Agban Y, Cheong S, Kuchel RP, Raudsepp A, Williams MA, Rupenthal ID, Henning A, Tilley RD, Holmes G, Prabakar S, European Polymer Journal, 75, 399-405, 2016. 93) Controlling gelation with sequence: Towards programmable peptide hydrogels. Medini, K., Mansel, B.W., Williams, M.A., Brimble, M.A., Williams, D.E. and Gerrard, J.A., Acta biomaterialia, 43, pp.30-37, 2016. 92) Developing a video tracking method to study interactions between close pairs of optically trapped particles in three dimensions. Raudsepp A, Griffiths M. Sutherland-Smith AJ, Williams MAK, Applied Optics. 54(32): 9518-9527, 2015. 91) DNA visualization in single molecule studies carried out with optical tweezers: Covalent versus non-covalent attachment of fluorophores. Suei S, Raudsepp A, Kent LM, Keen SAJ, Filichev VV, Williams MAK. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 466(2): 226-231, 2015. 90) Zooming in: Structural Investigations of Rheologically Characterized Hydrogen-Bonded Low-Methoxyl Pectin Networks. Mansel BW, Chu C-Y, Leis A, Hemar Y, Chen H-L, Lundin L, Williams MAK. Biomacromolecules, 16(10): 3209-3216, 2015. 89) Internal stress drives slow glassy dynamics and quake-like behaviour in ionotropic pectin gels. Mansel BW, Williams MAK. Soft Matter, 11(35): 7016-7023, 2015. 88) Structural mechanism of complex assemblies: characterisation of beta-lactoglobulin and pectin interactions. Xu AY, Melton LD, Jameson GB, Williams MAK, McGillivray DJ. Soft Matter, 11(34): 6790-6799, 2015. 87) Characterization of gold kiwifruit pectin from fruit of different maturities and extraction methods, Yuliarti O, Matia-Merino L, Goh KKT, Mawson J, Williams MAK and Brennan C, Food Chemistry, 166: 479-485, 2015 86) Processive pectin methylesterases: the role of electrostatic potential, breathing motions and bond cleavage in the rectification of Brownian motions. Mercadante, D., L. D. Melton, G. B. Jameson and M. A. Williams. PloS one 9(2): e87581, 2014. 85) Rotating angled plate diffusing wave spectroscopy. Raudsepp, A., A. Sutherland–Smith and M. Williams, International Journal of Nanotechnology 11(5): 573-582, 2014. 84) Versatile multi-functionalization of protein nanofibrils for biosensor applications, Sasso, L., S. Suei, L. Domigan, J. Healy, V. Nock, B. Williams and J. Gerrard Nanoscale. 6(3), 1629-1634, 2014 83) Characterization of Charged Functional Domains Introduced into a Modified Pectic Homogalacturonan by an Acidic Plant Pectin Methylesterase ( Ficus awkeotsang Makino) and Modeling of Enzyme Mode of Action, Kim, Y., M. A. Williams, J. T. Tzen, G. A. Luzio, A. L. Galant and R. G. Cameron. Food Hydrocolloids. 39, 319-329, 2014. 82) Coupled solid phase extraction and microparticle-based stability and purity-indicating immunosensor for the determination of recombinant human myelin basic protein in transgenic milk Al-Ghobashy, M. A., M. A. Williams, G. Laible and D. R. Harding. Talanta. 109, 7-12, 2013. 81) Nanostructural modification of a model homogalacturonan with a novel pectin methylesterase: Effects of pH on nanostructure, enzyme mode of action and substrate functionality. Kim, Y., M. A. Williams, A. L. Galant, G. A. Luzio, B. J. Savary, P. Vasu and R. G. Cameron, Food Hydrocolloids. 33(1), 132-141, 2013. 80) An exploration of the microrheological environment around the distal ileal villi and proximal colonic mucosa of the possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Lim, Y., M. Williams, R. Lentle, P. Janssen, B. Mansel, S. Keen and P. Chambers Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 10(81), 20121008, 2013. 79) A Practical Review of Microrheological Techniques, Mansel, B. W., S. Keen, P. J. Patty, Y. Hemar and M. A. Williams. In Rheology-New Concepts, Applications and Methods. IntechOpen, 2013. 78) Substrate Dynamics in Enzyme Action: Rotations of Monosaccharide Subunits in the Binding Groove are Essential for Pectin Methylesterase Processivity. Mercadante, D., L. D. Melton, G. B. Jameson, M. A. Williams and A. De Simone. Biophysical Journal 104(8): 1731-1739, 2013. 77) Stereoselective Aggregation of Chiral Complexes with Threefold-Symmetric Pendant Carboxyl Groups: An Example of “Perfect” Self-Assembly Not Seen in the Crystalline State? Telfer, S., M. Waterland, B. Williams, J. Hall, J. Fischer and P. Patty RSC Advances 3 (31), 12648-12654, 2013. 76) Investigating the relationship between network mechanics and single-chain extension using biomimetic polysaccharide gels, E. Schuster, L. Lundin and M.A.K. Williams, Macromolecules, 45, 4863-4869, 2012. 75) Innovative enzymatic approach to resolve homogalacturonans based on their methylesterification pattern Marie Ralet, Martin A.K. Williams, Abrisham Tanhatan-Nasseri, David Ropartz, Bernard Quemener, Estelle Bonnin, Biomacromolecules, 13, 1615-1624, 2012. 74) Bovine beta-lactoglobulin is dimeric under imitative physiological conditions: dissociation equilibrium and rate constants over the pH range of 2.5 to 7.5, D. Mercadante, L.D. Melton, G.E. Norris, T.S. Loo, M.A.K. Williams, R.C.J. Dobson, G.B. Jameson, Biophysical Journal, 103, 303-312, 2012. 73) Facilitating high-force single-polysaccharide stretching using covalent attachment of one end of the chain, Abdenor Fellah, Naser Belmiloud, Richard G. Haverkamp, Yacine Hemar, Don Otter and Martin A.K. Williams, Carbohydr. Polym, 87, 806-815, 2012. 72) Rheo-NMR studies of a nematic worm-like micelle system in a high-shear-rate regime, Chris Lepper, Parick J.B. Edwards, R. Dykstra and Martin A.K. Williams, Soft Matter, 7(21), 10291-10298, 2011. 71) Using SAXS to Reveal the Degree of Bundling in the Polysaccharide Junction Zones of Microrheologically Distinct Pectin Gels, Erich Schuster, Aurelie Cucheval, Leif Lundin and Martin A.K. Williams, Biomacromolecules, 12(7), 2583-2590, 2011. 70) Towards polysaccharide handles for single molecule exeriments: Spectroscopic evidence for the selective covalent coupling of terminal sugar residues to desired substrates, Abdenor Fellah, Padmesh Anjukandi, Yacine Hemar, Don Otter and Martin A.K. Williams, Carbohydr. Polym, 86(1), 105-111, 2011. 69) CZE with on-line micellar sample stacking for determination of protein concentration of biopharmaceuticals, Medhat A Al-Ghobashy, Martin A.K. Williams, Gotz Laible and David R.K. Harding, Chromatographia, 73(11-12), 1145-1153, 2011. 68) Nanoparticles Meet Metallo-Supramolecular Chemistry: Mechanically Interlocked Gold and Silver Nanoparticles, Carl A. Otter, Philipus J. Patty, Martin A. K. Williams, Mark R. Waterland and Shane G. Telfer, Nanoscale, 3, 941, 2011. 67) Enzymatic modification of a model homogalacturonan with the thermally tolerant pectin methylesterase from Citrus 1. Nanostructural characterization, enzyme mode of action, and effect of pH, Randall G. Cameron, Gary A. Luzio, Prasanna Vasu, Brett J. Savary and Martin A.K. Williams, J. Agr. Food Chem., 59(6), 2717-2724, 2011. 66) Facilitating nanomechanical measurements on physisorbed biopolymers with automated on-the-fly monitoring of single-molecule force curves, Naser Belmiloud, Abdenor Fellah, Richard G. Haverkamp and Martin A.K. Williams, Advanced Science Letters, 4, 1-4, 2011. 65) On the sulfation pattern of polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix of sheep with chondrodysplasia, S.A. Piripi, M.A.K. Williams*, K.G. Thompson, Cartilage, 2(1), 36-39, 2011. 64) Insights into the potential functionality of single-chain force-induced conformational transitions in polymer networks: Implications for polysaccharide signaling in the plant cell wall, E. Schuster, L. Lundin and M.A.K. Williams, Phys. Rev. E, 82, 5, 051927, 2010. 63) Rheo-NMR studies of the behaviour of a nematic liquid crystal in a low-shear-rate regime: the transition from director alignment to reorientation, C. Lepper,P.J.B. Edwards, E. Schuster, J. R. Brown, R. Dykstra, P.T. Callaghan, and M.A.K. Williams, Phys. Rev. E, 82, 4, 041712, 2010. 62) Extracting intramolecular sequence information from intermolecular distributions: highly non-random methylester substitution patterns in homogalacturonans generated by pectinmethylesterase, Martin A.K. Williams, Aurelie Cucheval, Abrisham Tanhatan Nasseri, Marie-Christine Ralet, Biomacromolecules, 11(6), 1667-1675, 2010. 61) Langevin Dynamics Simulations Reveal Biologically Relevant Folds Arising from the Incorporation of a Torsional Potential, Padmesh Anjukandi, Gerald G. Pereira and Martin A. K. Williams, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 265(3), 245-249, 2010. 60) Effects of weaning and infection with Teladorsagia circumcincta on mucin carbohydrate profiles of early weaned lambs. V.C. Hoang, M.A.K. Williams, H.V. Simpson. Vetinary Parasitology, 171, 354-360, 2010. 59) Monosaccharide composition of fundic and duodenal mucins in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus or Teladorsagia circumcincta. V.C. Hoang, M.A.K. Williams, H.V. Simpson, Vetinary Parasitology, 170, 253-261, 2010. 58) Rheo-NMR Studies of an Enzymatic Reaction: Evidence of a Shear-Stable Macromolecular System, P.J.B. Edwards, M. Kakubayashi, R. Dykstra, S.M. Pascal and M.A.K. Williams, Biophysical Journal, 98(9), 1-9, 2010. 57) Probing the interaction between recombinant human myelin basic protein and caseins using surface Plasmon resonance and diffusing wave spectroscopy, Medhat AlGobashy, Aurélie S.B. Cucheval, Martin A. K. Williams, Goetz Laible and D.R.K. Harding, J Molecular Recognition, 23, 84-92, 2010. 56) Effects of parasitism on gastrointestinal mucins of sheep, V.C. Hoang, H.V. Simpson, M.A.K. Williams and D.C. Simcock, New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 36(4), 479-480, 2009. 55) Determining the degree of methylesterification of pectin by ATR/FT-IR: Methodology optimisation and comparison with theoretical calculations ; A. Fellah, P. Anjukandi, M.R. Waterland and M.A.K.Williams. Carbohydr. Polym, 78(4), 847-853, 2009. 54) Multiple Particle Tracking Investigations of Acid Milk Gels using Tracer Particles with Designed Surface Chemistries and Comparison with Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy Studies Aurélie S.B. Cucheval, Romaric R. Vincent, Yacine Hemar, Don Otter, Martin A. K. Williams, Langmuir,25(19), 11827-11834, 2009. 53) Direct measurements of interfacial interactions between pectin and k-casein and implications for the stabilization of calcium-free casein micelle mimics, Aurélie S.B. Cucheval, M AlGobashy, Yacine Hemar, Don Otter, Martin A. K. Williams, J. Colloid and Interface Science, 338(2), 450-462, 2009. 52) Electrophoretic behaviour of co-polymeric galacturonans including comments on the information content of the intermolecular charge distribution, Martin A.K. Williams, Aurelie Cucheval, Anna Ström, Marie-Christine Ralet,, Biomacromolecules, 10(6), 1523-1531, 2009. 51) Microrheological investigations give insights into the microstructure and functionality of pectin gels, Romaric R. Vincent and Martin A. K. Williams, Carbohydr. Res., 344(14), 1863-1871, 2009. 50) Bio-inspired network optimization in soft materials – Insights from the plant cell wall, R.R. Vincent, A.Cucheval, Y.Hemar and M.A.K.Williams, Eur Phys J E, 28(1), 79-87, 2009. 49) On-line casein micelle disruption for downstream purification of recombinant human myelin basic protein produced in the milk of transgenic cows, M.A. Al-Ghobashy, M.A.K. Williams, B. Brophy et al., Journal of Chromatography B– Analytical Technologies in Biomedical and the Life Sciences, 877(16-17), 1667-1677, 2009. 48) Diffusing wave spectroscopy investigations of acid milk gels containing pectin, A. Cucheval R.R. Vincent Y. Hemar, D. Otter and M.A.K. Williams. Colloid and Polymer Science, 287(6), 695-704, 2009. 47) Factors affecting the performance of capillary isoelectric focusing in dynamically coated capillaries using polyethylene oxide. M.A. Al-Ghobashy, M.A.K. Williams and D.R.K. Harding, Analytical Letters, 41, 1-18, 2008. 46) Demethylation of a model homogalacturonan with a salt-independent pectin methylesterase from citrus: I. Effect of pH on demethylated block size, block number and enzyme mode of action. R.G. Cameron, G.A. Luzio, K. Goodner and M.A.K. Williams, Carbohydr. Polym., 71 (2), 287-299, 2008. 45) Stretching single polysaccharide molecules using AFM: A potential method for the investigation of the intermolecular uronate distribution of alginate? M.A.K. Williams, A.T. Marshall, R.G. Haverkamp, K.I. Draget, Food Hydrocolloids, 22, 18–23, 2008. 44) Microrheological studies offer insights into polysaccharide gels. M.A.K. Williams, R.R. Vincent, D.N. Pinder and Y. Hemar, Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 149, 63-70, 2008. 43) Entropic and Enthalpic Contributions to the Chair-Boat Conformational Transformation in Dextran under Single Molecule Stretching. Richard G. Haverkamp, Aaron T. Marshall and Martin A. K. Williams, J. Phys. Chem. B, 111, 13653-13657, 2007. 42) Microrheological studies reveal semiflexible networks in gels of a ubiquitous cell wall polysaccharide. R.R. Vincent, D.N. Pinder, Y. Hemar and M.A. K. Williams, Phys. Rev. E, 76, 031909, 2007. 41) Investigation of the effects of fine structure on the nanomechanical properties of pectin. M.A.K. Williams, A.T. Marshall, P.Anjukandi and R.G. Haverkamp, Phys. Rev. E, 76, 021927, 2007. 40) Model for stretching elastic biopolymers which exhibit conformational transitions. R.G. Haverkamp, A.T. Marshall and M.A.K. Williams, Phys. Rev. E, 75, 021907, 2007. 39) Influence of pectin fine structure on the mechanical properties of calcium-pectin and acid-pectin gels. A. Strom, P. Ribelles, L. Lundin, I.T. Norton, E.R. Morris and M.A.K. Williams Biomacromolecules, 8, 2668-2674, 2007. 38) Viscosity, swelling and starch leaching during the early stages of pasting of normal and waxy rice starch suspensions containing different milk protein ingredients. A. Noisuwan, Y. Hemar, J. E. Bronlund, B. Wilkinson and M.A.K. Williams, Starch / Stärke, 59, 379–387, 2007. 37) On the simulation of enzymatic digest patterns: The fragmentation of oligomeric and polymeric galacturonides by endo-polygalacturonase II. J.J. Hunt, R. Cameron, M.A.K. Williams, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1760, 1696–1703, 2006. 36) Resolution of the structural isomers of partially methylesterified oligogalacturonides by polysaccharide analysis using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis. F. Goubet, A. Ström, B. Quemener, E. Stephens, M.A.K. Williams, P. Dupree, Glycobiology, 16 (1), 29-35, 2006. 35) Fine structure modification of pectin – analytical characterisation and rheological implications, A. Ström, L. Lundin, I.T. Norton, E.R. Morris and M.A.K. Williams, in Gums and Stabilsers for the Food Industry 13, ed. P.A.Williams and G.O.Phillips, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2006. 34) Capillary electrophoresis of homogeneous pectin fractions, A. Ström, M-C. Ralet, J-F. Thibault and M.A.K. Williams, Carbohydr. Polym., 60, 467-473, 2005. 33) Stretching single molecules of connective tissue glycans to characterize their shape-maintaining elasticity, R.G. Haverkamp, M.A.K. Williams and J.E. Scott, Biomacromolecules, 6 (3), 1816-1818, 2005. 32) An investigation of pectin methylesterification patterns by two independent methods: capillary electrophoresis and polysaccharide analysis using carbohydrate gel electrophoresis, F. Goubet, A. Ström, P. Dupree and M.A.K. Williams, Carbohydr. Res., 340 (6), 1193-1199, 2005. 31) Water T2 relaxation in sugar solutions, D. Fabri, M.A.K. Williams and T.K. Halstead, Carbohyr. Res., 340 (5), 889-905, 2005. 30) On the separation, detection and quantification of pectin derived oligosaccharides by capillary electrophoresis, A. Ström and M.A.K. Williams, Carbohyr. Res., 339 (10), 1711-1716, 2004. 29) Controlled calcium release in the absence and presence of an ion-binding polymer, A. Ström, M.A.K.Williams, J. Phys. Chem.,107 (40), 10995-10999, 2003. 28) Phase separation and food structure; L. Lundin, M.Williams and T Foster, in Texture in Food Volume 1: Semi-Solid Food, ed. B.M. McKenna, Woodhead Publishing Limited, July 2003. 27) Elucidation of pectin methyl-ester distributions by capillary electrophoresis, M.A.K.Williams, T.J.Foster, H.A.Schols, J. Agr. Food Chem., 51(7), 1777-1782, 2003. 26) Molecular interactions in, and rheological properties of, a mixed biopolymer system undergoing order / disorder transitions, I. Haug, M.A.K. Williams, L. Lundin, O. Smidsrød and K.I. Draget, Food Hydrocolloids, 17, 439-444, 2003. 25) A novel enzyme activity involving the de-methylation of specific partially methylated oligogalacturonides, M.A.K. Williams and J.A.E. Benen, Biochem.J., 367 (2), 511-515, 2002. 24) Analysis of partially methyl-esterified galacturonic acid oligomers by capillary electrophoresis, M.A.K. Williams, G.M.C. Buffet and T.J. Foster, Anal. Biochem., 301 (1), 117-122, 2002. 23) A molecular description of the gelation mechanism of curdlan, M.A.K. Williams, T.J. Foster, I.T. Norton, H. Zhang and K. Nishinari, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 30 (1), 7-16, 2002. 22) Capillary electrophoresis as a tool for the characterisation of pectin fine structure, M.A.K. Williams, G.M.C. Buffet and T.J. Foster, in Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry, Volume 11, RSC, Cambridge University Press, 2002. 21) Versatile thermoelectric devices for precise, rapid or slow, heating or cooling of samples: UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopic applications, M.A.K. Williams,D. Fabri,T.K. Halstead and C.D. Hubbard,Instrum. Sci. Technol., 29 (5), 367-382, 2001. 20) Simulation of endo-PG digest patterns and implications for the determination of pectin fine structure, M.A.K. Williams, GMC Buffet, T.J. Foster and I.T. Norton, Carbohyr. Res., 334 (3), 243-250, 2001. 19) A study of the gelation of the polysaccharide curdlan, H. Zhang, K. Nishinari, T.J. Foster, M.A.K. Williams and I.T. Norton, Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 132, 65-68, 2001. 18) Kinetics of droplet growth in gelatin / maltodextrin mixtures following thermal quenching, M.A.K. Williams, D. Fabri, C.D. Hubbard, L. Lundin, T.J. Foster, A.H. Clark, I.T. Norton, N. Lorén and A-M. Hermansson, Langmuir, 17 (11), 3412-3418, 2001. 17) Gelation behaviour of konjac glucomannan with different molecular weights, H. Zhang, M. Yoshimura, K. Nishinari, M.A.K. Williams, T.J. Foster and I.T. Norton, Biopolymers, 59 (1), 38-50, 2001. 16) Phase separation induced by conformational ordering of gelatin in gelatin / maltodextrin mixtures, N. Lorén, A.M. Hermansson, M.A.K. Williams, L. Lundin, T.J. Foster, C.D. Hubbard, A.H. Clark, I.T. Norton, E.T. Bergstrom and D.M. Goodall, Macromolecules, 34 (2), 289-297, 2001. 15) A turbidimetric study of phase separating biopolymer mixtures during thermal ramping, P. Aymard, M.A.K. Williams, A.H. Clark and I.T. Norton, Langmuir, 16 (19), 7383-7391, 2001. 14) A molecular description of the gelation mechanism of konjac mannan, M.A.K. Williams, T.J. Foster, D.R. Martin, I.T. Norton, M. Yoshimura and K. Nishinari, Biomacromolecules, 1 (3), 440-450, 2000. 13) Phase separation of biopolymer mixtures, L. Lundin, T.J. Foster, M.A.K. Williams, I.T. Norton and E.T. Bergstrom, in Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry, Volume 10, RSC, Cambridge University Press, 2000. 12) Relationship between pore structure and 1H NMR relaxation times in TiO2 / poly (dimethylsiloxane) and CaCO3 / poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite powders, F.M. Vichi, F. Galembeck T.K. Halstead and M.A.K. Williams, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 74 (11), 2660-2666, 1999. 11) The energy barrier to reorientational motion of the trifluoromethyl group in lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate and its complex with poly (ethylene oxide): a comparison between modelling and NMR relaxation measurements, E.A. Moore, M. Mortimer, C. Wigglesworth, M.A.K. Williams, Chem. Phys. Lett., 308 (5-6), 503-508, 1999. 10) Capillary electrophoresis studies of pectins, H.J. Zhong, M.A.K. Williams, D.M. Goodall and M. Hanson, Carbohydr. Res., 308 (1-2), 1-8, 1998. 9) A 2H NMR lineshape study of -CH3 group dynamics in pectin gels, M.A.K. Williams, R.D. Keenan and T.K. Halstead, Food Hydrocolloids, 12 (1), 89-94, 1998. 8) An analytical form for T2 dispersions arising from diffusive exchange, M.A.K. Williams and T.K. Halstead, Mol. Phys., 93 (4), 609-613, 1998. 7) A non-linear regression method for the analysis of 1H T2 dispersion curves including comments on the role of polydispersity, M.A.K. Williams, R.D. Keenan and T.K. Halstead, Magn. Reson. Chem., 36 (3), 163-173, 1998. 6) Separation and quantification of pectins using capillary electrophoresis: a preliminary study, H.J. Zhong, M.A.K. Williams, R.D. Keenan and D.M. Goodall, Carbohydr. Polym., 32 (1), 27, 1997. 5) 7Li nuclear magnetic spin-lattice relaxation investigation of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate and its complex with poly (ethylene oxide), M. Mortimer, E.A. Moore and M.A.K. Williams, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 92 (24), 5043, 1996. 4) A 2H spin-lattice relaxation study of -NH3 group dynamics in polycrystalline L-alanine, M.A.K. Williams, R.D. Keenan and T.K. Halstead, Solid State Nucl. Mag., 6 (1), 47, 1996. 3) The use of NMR in characterizing biopolymer mixtures, M.A.K. Williams, R.D. Keenan and T.K. Halstead, in Biopolymer Mixtures, Nottingham University Press, Eds Hill, Harding and Mitchell, 1995. 2) Nuclear magnetic relaxation study of poly (ethylene oxide) complexed with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, M. Mortimer, E.A. Moore and M.A.K. Williams, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 91(17), 2871, 1995. 1) 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spin-lattice relaxation study of polycrystalline lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, including comments on cross-correlation, M. Mortimer, E.A. Moore and M.A.K. Williams, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 88 (16), 2393, 1992.
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Let’s get this thing started, shall we? Heck yes! In my Etsy shop, there are several (totally beautiful – but I’m biased) Fine Art Prints in a variety of sizes. You can pick any print your would like, use this code (CELEBRATESPRING) and get 30% off! However, if you would rather party on Instagram, I will be hosting a mini-IG sale with the same discount (but a few fewer options) @Emily_Jeffords IG sale: begins at 2:00 pm est But here’s the kicker: this is a limited quantity sale and will end tonight at midnight. (aka, this is your chance, so no dawdling.) And guys, let me just tell you, these prints are printed on canvas, with such high quality inks. They are such quality and so beautiful they feel like originals!
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Mounting Wingman on your cart bar with BITE? Easy. Setting up Wingman on your device? You might have some questions. That’s why we created a video series to walk you through the basics of Wingman. Still have questions? We’ve also compiled a list of frequently asked Wingman questions.
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The project was inspired by the book Can Bears Ski? written by Deaf poet, Raymond Antrobus and illustrated by Polly Dunbar. Initially created for Norfolk Deaf Festival, the Bear Ear Clinic enabled visitors to bring a teddy bear for a hearing test and a free toy hearing device to take home. “Our child felt included, seen and part of a community.” – Parent “The ear clinic made me feel special because they are just like me.” – Deaf child “My kids loved it…they were still doing audiology tests on their bears at bedtime!” – Parent of hearing children “My three-year-old only had her own hearing aids fitted the day before, so it was perfect timing for helping her to ‘normalise’ the experience. She had only been wearing one hearing aid until we arrived but when I told her that her bear was going to get two, she also agreed to wear both of hers!” – Parent of deaf child “As a new parent of a four-month-old baby, who has just been fitted with hearing aids, we have been feeling so overwhelmed and lost. We gave our daughter back the teddy bear with hearing aids on and her eyes lit up. We are overjoyed to have representation when we feel overwhelmed at the moment.” – Parent of a deaf child “I think this provision is beautiful. I feel emotional being here. All children need to see themselves. Please keep doing things like this.” – Parent of hearing children “I felt emotional because it made my deaf daughter happy and confident. You make all kids believe in themselves and that they can be anything they want.” – Parent “I want to see the Bear Ear Clinic all over the UK!” – Parent “I felt excited and happy because I saw my toy fox be more like me.” – Deaf child. “I felt special because I am not alone.” – Deaf child “It is great to see disability normalised in play. My five-year-old has a moderate hearing loss.” – Parent “Lovely accessible age-appropriate session for children which piques their interest and broadens their horizons.” – Hearing visitor “Toy Like Me activities make me feel proud of my hearing aids.” – Deaf child All images ©#ToyLikeMe/BethMoseleyPhotography The Bear Ear Clinic was created and produced by Rebecca Atkinson in collaboration with Polly Dunbar and with permission from Raymond Antrobus and Walker Books. The project was generously funded by the Septagon Charity. Newsletter sign-up for TLM news & fun!
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A new time-lapse video shows how Wirral Met College’s £8m campus at Wirral Waters was completed in just six months. The four minute video covers the period from March 9, when the framework for the building was already in place, to the start of September, when the campus opened to students. The footage was put together by construction firm Morgan Sindall, campus, and shows how workers created the first major new development on the £4bn Wirral Waters scheme. Students worked on placements in bricklaying, plastering, mechanical and electrical trades during the building work.. Designers Glenn Howell Architects said structures and services had been left exposed throughout the building, creating a college which is an “essay in construction.” The campus will be dedicated to developing the skills of students in construction and the built environment and has also become home to the college’s Employer Services team. Horticulture students will support the Forestry Commission with tree planting around the new building and with Wirral Waters plans for urban landscaping. Other students from areas including travel, tourism and business will take on work experience supporting the new Wirral Waters’ Visitors Centre and arts students will help develop public art work in the area. College Principal Sue Higginson hailed the new building as a “state of the art facility for construction and the built environment”. Wirral Waters is a 30 year project by Peel Land and Property to transform Birkenhead’s docklands.
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I had ms. Martinez when I was in kindergarten roughly about 20+ years ago and I remember she was very sweet and nice. I remember she would always reward us for good behavior whether it be with candy, toys, stickers or even a high five. She would always go above and beyond for her students and cared for each and every one of us. Now I have a son in Pre-K and was lucky to get to choose ms.martinez as his teacher. Now 20+ years later I see and realize that she still continues to go above and beyond for her students and loves what she does. She often rewards them for good behavior like she would when I was a kid and out of her own pocket. She often send the kids home with gifts and when they have a bad day she's energetic and silly and turns their whole mood around. She takes the time to really get to know each student and their needs. She really is a one of a kind human/teacher who cares and loves her students. Now as an adult I see the special kind of person she is and am so fortunate to have had her not only as my own teacher but now as my son's teacher as well. We love ms. Martinez and she deserves the world and much more.
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China’s Xiaomi Smartphones May Be Spying on You The phone kept trying to make the connection, even after Li turned off Xiaomi’s iCloud-like MiCloud service. He then tried erasing and installing a new version of Android. The problem persisted. Xiaomi did not immediately respond to an email sent to its Hong Kong office. If the allegations are true, it wouldn’t be the first time a Chinese smartphone was found to spy on its users. Security researchers at Germany’s G Data found in June that China’s Generic Star N9500 smartphone had a similar bug. The phone came preinstalled with the Uupay.D spyware program, which was stealing the phone’s data and relaying it back to an IP address in China. Just like the Redmi Note smartphone, the spying program on the Star N9500 could not be removed if the user erased the phone or installed a new operating system, since the spyware was located on the Star N9500’s firmware. Going by the Kenny Li’s account, it’s very likely the Redmi Note’s connection to a Beijing IP address also comes from something in its firmware. The breach on the Star N9500 could allow someone to listen to phone calls, read emails and text messages, and remotely control the phone’s microphone and camera. It could also be used for theft, including granting access to the user’s online banking.
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'97 f-150 4x4 4.6L - Cranks, but Won't start I have posted this in the Engine forum also, but I feel it may be beneficial in this area also. I left my 1997 f-150 XLT 4x4 4.6L at my house when I left for 4 days. I live in Colorado Springs, so temps were fluctuating above and below freezing. My driveway has a fairly steep incline and I had about 1/8 tank of gas in it. When I returned home it would not start. I talked to people at work and they said to add some water vapor remover to the gas tank and add some more gas. This did not work. I am going to check the codes that are issued today, but wanted to know if anyone has any ideas. My first guess is that the fuel filter might be clogged, but that will be easy enough to check. After I tried to start it again, I noticed that my "4x4" light would come ona nd off, and other lights on the console would do the same. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
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http://www.f150online.com/forums/electrical-systems/102335-97-f-150-4x4-4-6l-cranks-but-won-t-start.html
2016-10-23T03:16:10Z
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"A Good Old Fashioned Orgy" When a group of friends learn they're about to lose their summer house, they resolve to go out with a bang. Starring Jason Sudeikis, Tyler Labine, Lake Bell, Martin Starr, Michelle Borth and Leslie Bibb, opens Sept. 2. We don’t waste our time on anything not worth your time. We celebrate the best of what’s coming on film and TV. We cheer when our expectations are met and criticize when we’re let down.
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http://www.nbcbayarea.com/blogs/popcornbiz/trailers/_A_Good_Old_Fashioned_Orgy__All__National_-128829723.html
2015-11-24T22:22:56Z
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With suppliers entered into Ardex, you can now enter invoices and expenses received. There are two types of expenses that can be entered into Ardex - General: Expenses that affect the property and running of the business - Horse: Expenses that can be attributed a particular horse that can be passed onto the Horse owner(s) Select Finance from the main navigation and click Expenses. To record an expense, enter the following information; - Date: The date of the incoming invoice - Supplier: The name/business of the supplier - Account Code: The 'cost-centre' to charge the expense against. Tip: For easier searching, the Account Name and I/D columns in this menu are sortable by clicking the column header - Description: A brief description of the supplied product or service - Amount: Amount on the supplier invoice including GST - Tax: Most invoices received will include GST. You can change to other tax options, including Tax Free (if applicable) - X-Ref Number: The supplier invoice number or other reference For more information, refer to the Accounts Payable Management User Guide - Entering Supplier Invoices (pg 5).
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Australian Custom Builders Are you attempting to search out the CUSTOM HOME BUILDERS IN AUSTRALIA? Incorporating the revolutionary concepts of the top architects with the determination of skilled developers. Hybrid international homes and international kit homes, which might be ready-made squares, are the most effective preference for constructing your dream domestic. We observe your needs and produce them online to your specifications; once that, we construct them to the specifications of your needs. It’s time to construct your dream custom home. We area unit the thanks to your dream home. Here at Hybrid world Constructions, we offer you recent home styles of assorted varieties. We tend to assist you in shaping your journey from a rented living accommodation to your own well-furnished, ethereal, ventilated, well-designed, and spacious HomeHome. Being the leading inhabitant of Custom Home Builders. We tend to additionally specialize in a large variety of homes with greenhorn residential construction. Luxury homes, fully-custom, and semi-custom homes. High and medium-density homes, exclusive log homes, hybrid homes, and kit home packages. It’s showing wisdom aforementioned that HomeHome is wherever the guts are. Thus, treasure your fantasy home’s particular creation in a North American country. WHAT DO WE OFFER? Under our construction setup, we provide you with multiple services and options for that area unit. Punctuality and Trust We tend to area units very prompt and trustworthy within the case of dates. We tend to end our assignments within the timespan we tend to secure or maybe earlier. With the U.S.A., you would like to not worry regarding the budget. We tend to area unit a lot of involved regarding our client’s wants and guarantee to relinquish our greatest at intervals the project budget. We tend area units to be forever updated with the prevailing trendy styles and decors. With this, we tend to add our creative thinking and conjointly our client’s ideas to create their happy place, a lot beguiling and comforting. Our monetary standing Being a standard international complete, we have a strong influence within the market and interference all the advantages which can favor our purchasers. Our work is often well-planned with a correct schedule. We tend to begin ours on the premise of blueprints created by our folks, ensuring clarity of plans and budget to the purchasers. Conjointly though, there’s a minor misreckoning within the plans. We tend to keep our purchasers sophisticated regarding it to own transparency among the U.S.A. At international Hybrid Constructions, we tend to be area unit conscious of however special feeling it’s to own your residence. Thus, to create it excellent, we have many extremely proficient staff with enough work expertise and essential information regarding their various fields. Talk less, Work additional – we tend to believe that “Action speaks louder than words.” Thus, we tend to focus additional on our work potency and let our comes to speak instead of simply swanking regarding our name. WHAT SETS US APART? Shoppers possess tons of queries in their minds. Like Why solely world Hybrid Constructions? Or Why not alternative Australian Custom Builders? We tend to area unit quite glad to answer these. At world Custom Homes, the shopper’s area unit is our utmost priority, and we do take into account them as our circle of relatives. We tend to perceive whole their sentiments of building their residence whether or not it’s for the primary time. We tend to trot out each consumer by providing applicable steering and individual observation. This makes the U.S.A. different from the other builders and constructors out there. Ours may be a skilled team with consultants from all the fields operating along whole-heartedly for months to form the journey to your dream house persistent. Our workers are the pillars of our strength. It’s solely due to their immense talent, ability, and diligence that we are thought of as one of the simplest Australian Custom Builders. This effective team of ours includes: 1. Project managers supervise the look and delivery of all the comes and make sure that the work is completed inside the cut-off date. 2. value Planners: they draw a rough budget of the project projected by you; if it exceeds your budget, they realize some way to mend it up. 3. style Managers: they’re primarily the coordinators of the structure and style of your house. 4. Contract Administrators: they’re those U.N. agencies that execute the contract method between the United States and the purchasers. 5. Construction and website Managers: they’re to blame for the particular construction method headed by the subcontractors on construction positioning. Thus, our team members are all involved concerning every facet of our clients comes and work towards the swish running of identical. MAKING OF YOUR CUSTOM HOMES People are sometimes happiest reception. Keeping this in mind, we tend to safeguard the interests of our shoppers by planning homes that significantly match their needs and ideas. Each call associated with these homes is taken solely once our client’s approval. As notable Australian Custom Builders, we initially need each detail concerning everything that you need to be there in your ideal HomeHome. The main points from you’ll be in any kind, associate degree example} – an already designed home. An image, a drawing, some additional options, area styles, or simply a random image in your mind. we tend to appreciate every single piece of data provided by you and take a look at it to implement it to the fullest to create your HomeHome almost like the one in your dreams. Thus, you’ll completely suppose the U.S.A. for the accomplishment of your dream project and provides the U.S.A. a chance to be an area of your lovely journey. At Global, we don’t seem to be solely involved in our gains. However additionally regarding the collective gains of our purchasers and staff additionally. Throughout the development amount of our comes, we tend to establish an associate emotional reference to our purchasers and that they too with the U.S. Building homes isn’t solely our suggestion of earning cash; however, it’s some higher principle. For the U.S. as outstanding Australian Custom Builders, it’s a good honor to be fulfilling the dreams of thousands of individuals and to remain in their hearts. Invariably with the suggests that of building their homes. However, it takes loads of persistence and labor to make a home, the shopper’s satisfaction. Makes all the labor and toil worthwhile. Thus, the happy faces of our purchasers once the completion of their dream project is the real motive behind our existence.
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I have an existing TV aerial socket and want to add another at the other end of the room (on the same wall). The current socket wiring is within the wall and not external (inside or outside). I would like to add the extra socket so that the wiring is hidden. One option is to run the wire outside, but I need a socket for the existing socket that allows we to both split a wire off and leave the existing socket operational. Does anyone know of an easy way of doing this? I'd like to drill two holes to outside, one where the current socket is and one for the new and run the wire outside. I just can't get my head round how to change the wiring for the existing socket. in genreral they dont make a suitable socket to do this on the domestic market a specialist socket could be used but would totaly depend on your present signal level being very good the socket would automaticaly cut the present signal level by over half, several options exist, for instance if you have a sky box take an output from rf2 position drill thro wall just above skitbord level & bring to same at new position or then to a socket, in genral sockets introduce an electronic signal weak link if not nec leave out' if you dont have sky box iether split behind set with a screened splitter or feed signal in to a 2 way amplifier, Dont try and tag on behind the socket (you have been warned) also use only sat quality cable for all leads and connections, dont use b&q white tv leads Good luck mike If you are drilling through the wall you will have to be careful that water does not track through from the outside. I have had problems in the past from this sort of thing. At the very least make sure that the cable runs down hill from inside to outside. I am assuming you have a cavity wall. Any moisture collecting on the cable will run to the outside. 1Haylo says you can not tack onto the back of the socket. This will only cause a problem if the signal strength is marginal. Lift the existing socket out of the wall and solder the end of a quality coax cable ( I agree with 1Haylo on that, but it dosen't have to be satellite type ) and temporarily run across the room to try the TV in the place you want it. See if it works. If you intend running the system with two TVs remember to leave the existing set plugged into the old socket for the test. If there is a clear degradation of the signal, you could mount another ordinary socket next to the existing one and use this to feed the cable going outside. Buy an aerial amp, £10 to £20, that has two outputs. Connect the input of the amp to the existing aerial incoming socket, connect one output to the aerial input of the TV and the other to the new socket of the outside cable. It would be advantagous to make up your own cables to the correct length as you are clearly wanting a neat job. However, is it really impossible to run the cable inside? Can you hide it under the skirting board, etc? If you fit a double socket in place of existing then wire extra one to new socket you can use a booster splitter with preamp and feed one output back into extra socket and so to extra TV so not degrading signal or fit loop wire if only one TV used.
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CC-MAIN-2015-32
http://www.diydoctor.org.uk/forums/re-routing-tv-aerial-leaving-existing-in-place-t6642.html
2015-08-03T19:17:02Z
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A tiny little story by i.e.faber. It’s been the kind of month where each week just gets worse. Each week you think, “This’ll be the week I get on top of things”, but you don’t. You fall down like you slip on ice. You don’t even see it and next, you’re on your ass. How’d I get here again? I work all day and the few hours I have at home are dedicated to preparing myself for the next 13hrs of work. The next struggle. I’ve been working nonstop and yet somehow still have bills past due. At work, no one acknowledges my talents or successes so I wonder why I bother. Heck, people don’t even know my name. Not my neighbors or coworkers, or even my clients who I’ve been working with for years. People in the streets practically bump into me like I’m invisible. I feel invisible. Rushing off to work I turn the corner just in time to see the bus pull away. It’s fun to sit on the sidewalk in the freezing cold waiting for the next bus. I should know – I do it all the time. But I have such little time, I use this moment to do some work emails. Hat on, giant coat, bones aching, feeling old and worn out I type on my phone hoping my fingers don’t freeze. I missed the bus because my running was hindered by a limp. Am I so old now my hips are going? What am I even doing with my life? What is the point? “Miss. Miss? MISS!” “HUH?” I look up to see a very old man bundled in a hooded coat too large for him hobble over slowly on his cane to speak to me. “Sorry, I didn’t mean to interrupt. I just crossed several seas to tell you this: you are beautiful. I can see you have no trouble being beautiful, I simply wanted to tell you in person.” “HA! Thanks,” I mumble to my phone. Then, feeling bad that I ignored the only human being who acknowledged my presence in days, I glance up to say something, but he’s gone. Then the bus arrives. It wasn’t until later that evening while brushing my teeth and inspecting the bags under my eyes that his words settle in my brain. How could he even see me to think I was pretty when I was crouched down and so bundled up? Where did he come from? And did he say he crossed “seas”? Surely he meant “streets”? So strange. But he didn’t say pretty, he said beautiful.
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2021-09-26T09:50:23Z
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We can’t keep these brilliant bonnets under our hat! We’ve got the sweetest headwear to keep your little ones safe from the sun and warm from the wind while looking as cute as a button. We carry high quality lines from companies that know their chapeaus like Briar Handmade, Copper Pearl, Kyte Baby and Patagonia. All feature soft fabrics that feel good on the skin like linen and bamboo cotton. Note the special details like pom poms, knots and wide brims. Finally, hats they’ll want to keep on!
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https://www.thenaturalbabyco.com/collections/hats-bonnets
2021-07-27T16:12:54Z
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By Emily Flitter and Nate Raymond NEW YORK Feb 21 U.S. authorities on Friday accused a former investment banker at Evercore Group of engaging in insider trading, and a federal regulator said he used the money to pay a former mistress to support their child. Frank Perkins Hixon Jr, 55, a former senior manager at Evercore, was accused of using inside information to arrange trades in the stocks of Evercore and two other companies in accounts held by Hixon's ex-girlfriend and his father, according to court records. The other two companies were Westway Group, which merged last year with EQT Infrastructure II, and Titanium Metals Corp, which was purchased last year by Precision Castparts A criminal complaint identified the holders of the accounts as the mother of Hixon's young child in Austin, Texas and a close relative in Johns Creek, Georgia. The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in a parallel lawsuit, said the accounts belonged to Destiny Wind Robinson, Hixon's former girlfriend, and Frank Hixon Sr, his 80-year-old father. The criminal complaint said the trades brought Hixon more than $600,000 in profits, while the SEC's civil case put Hixon's profits as $950,000. "This is the same old song: Another high-ranking finance official allegedly broke the law and abused his position in a thinly veiled attempt to make illegal trades," FBI Assistant Director-in-Charge George Venizelos said in a statement. $5 MILLION BAIL Hixon, who worked in Evercore's mining and metals group, was arrested Friday morning at his apartment in New York. He was charged with five counts of securities fraud, two counts of securities fraud in connection with a tender offer and one count of making a false statement. At a hearing Friday afternoon in New York, a federal magistrate set bail at $5 million. The SEC, meanwhile, obtained an order from a judge in Texas freezing $1.2 million held in William Johnson, a lawyer for Hixon at King & Spalding, declined comment. Neither Hixon's father nor a lawyer for Robinson responded to requests for comment. George Sard, a spokesman for Evercore, issued a statement saying the company reported its concerns to regulators and launched an internal investigation that ultimately led in January to the termination of Hixon, who he called a "rogue "We have never had a situation like this before in Evercore's nearly 20-year history," Sard said. The case was the latest in a string of insider trading prosecutions by the office of Manhattan U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara in a crackdown that has resulted in the convictions of According to court papers, the fraud was detected after Evercore received inquiries in early 2013 from the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. Evercore confronted Hixon about whether he knew anything about trading in accounts belonging to Robinson and his father Frank Sr, the SEC said. Hixon denied recognizing either name, the SEC said. Confronted again with information that he did know them, Hixon falsely claimed he knew Robinson, whose legal name is Nicole, by a different first name and didn't recognize the name of the city his father lived in, the SEC said. The criminal complaint said Hixon sent Robinson checks for $10,000 a month for at least a year, written to her in her legal Hixon, who is married, told authorities he had ended his relationship with Robinson around the time their child was born, in 2008, according to the criminal complaint. Text messages between the two suggest the illegal trading was intended at least partly to support their child, the SEC According to the criminal complaint, in late 2011, as executives from Westway Group, a New Orleans-based liquid storage and feed company, discussed their merger plans with Evercore's mining and metals team, Robinson's online trading account registered trades in Westway shares made by someone logged in from a computer at Evercore's Manhattan offices. Similar activity in Robinson's account in shares of Titanium Metals Corp also corresponded with Hixon's work on the Titanium Metals Corp merger. According to the court documents, Hixon also coordinated with his father on trades in the stocks, calling him after learning information about the mergers and about Evercore's The criminal case is U.S. v. Hixon, U.S. District Court, Southern District of New York, No. 14-mj-0341. The civil case is U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission v. Hixon, U.S. District Court, Western District of Texas, No. 14-158.
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http://www.reuters.com/article/evercore-hixon-insidertrading-idUSL2N0LQ1DU20140221?feedType=RSS
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Hatters boss Nathan Jones hailed young goalkeeper Jonathan Mitchell after picking up a clean sheet on his Football League debut against Leyton Orient yesterday. The 21-year-old had only signed on loan from Championship side Derby County the day before, but went straight into the Town side due to Mark Tyler’s pending move to Peterborough. On Mitchell, who has only played once in the FA Cup for the Rams, he said: “That’s one hell of a debut. To come away, Leyton Orient, with the hostility, the amount that we put in, his decision-making, his presence there. It’s only his debut, only one game, we’re not getting carried away, but that’s one hell of a debut, trust me on that. “We believe he’s improved our 11 and without getting carried away, the kid was outstanding.” Captain Scott Cuthbert echoed his manager’s glowing praise of the youngster, who hadn’t even had a training session with his new team-mates. “It’s only his debut, only one game, we’re not getting carried away, but that’s one hell of a debut, trust me on that.”Nathan Jones He continued: “He was different class, really, really good. He was commanding, came out for a lot of balls and helped us out, especially early on, so he had a great debut. “When you’ve got a player of that quality, as long as we say before the game, be loud, be confident, be commanding, come for crosses if you need be, if we’re too deep tell us and he was. That’s exactly what it is and he fitted in brilliant, it showed from his performance. “That was a little glimpse of how good he was, obviously the manager knows him and I thought he was really, really good.” One feature of Mitchell’s performance was his willingness to come off his line when Orient went long, and one such moment of bravery saw a nasty clash of heads with Shaun Brisley, as the O’s player was eventually stretchered off. Cuthbert said: “It takes the pressure right off you as a defender if your goalkeeper comes for crosses. “He had a nasty head knock with the boy, the fans thought it was a fist, but it was actually his head on the boy’s head. So he’s done well to recover from that too.” Meanwhile, the recalled Dan Potts also praised Mitchell, adding: “I didn’t know much about him, he literally rocked up at the hotel this morning. “I was like all right, but credit to the lad, for his league debut as well, I thought he was different class.”
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CC-MAIN-2018-51
https://www.lutontoday.co.uk/sport/football/luton-town/jones-hails-mitchell-after-his-outstanding-luton-debut-1-7256015
2018-12-10T02:05:38Z
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Bombay Explorer 44 Join Date: Apr 2009 Thanked 79 Times in 75 Posts Rep Power: 7 Raymarine Linear Actuator Type 2S stopped working ! Stopped working with the message on the control head "DRIVE STOPPED" I could feel the clutch engaging as the wheel would lock but it was no longer steering. Got it out and took it apart expecting to find that the brushes were worn out. However the only thing wrong that I can see is that the bit that looks like a ram but I suspect contains some kind of lead screw was loose in the backplate. It screwed back in and now seems tight. The motor runs but I have yet to try a full test in situ as I need someone smaller and more limber to refit it. Has anyone else had this problem and if so how did you stop it happening again. I am tempted to apply blue Locktite. Also I have a related question on this. I have built similar actuators and always incorporated limit switches. I can see no limit switches so what happens at the end of the travel. Is it as crude as sensing a stalled drive motor? Last edited by TQA; 10-28-2013 at 05:44 PM.
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2015-07-30T18:56:49Z
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Hendersonville Gay bars and clubs by distance - Grove House (21.1m) The Grove House Complex houses 3 unique venues under one roof. Scandals - known for its large dance floor and cabaret shows, Eleve...more - O Henry's (21.3m) O Henry's, visited by the local gay community since the 60s, has expanded to be Asheville's gay bar. O.Henry's now features The Un...more Hendersonville Gay Bars and Clubs from ClubFly ClubFly provides a gay bar, club, nightlife and GLBT center mapper for Hendersonville, North Carolina and the rest of the USA. Hendersonville gay bars and clubs are mapped in your gayborhood with ratings, tags, videos, tips, transit/walking directions, and driving directions.
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The correct option is B The word 'deficit' refers to the amount by which something is too small. Option A, surplus refers to an amount of something left over when requirements are met. Option B, sufficiency refers to the condition or quality of being adequate or sufficient. Option C, luxury refers to a state of great comfort or elegance, especially when involving great expense. Option D, explicit refers to something stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt. Thus, according to the meaning, the word 'surplus' is the most opposite in meaning from the word 'deficit'.
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CC-MAIN-2022-05
https://byjus.com/question-answer/select-the-word-or-group-of-words-that-is-most-opposite-in-meaning-to-the-10/
2022-01-19T11:24:40Z
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So facebook doesn’t seem to care about your privacy. Until they do. Or, do they? Kind of hard to tell. The people who run the service that was pitched to all of us a few years back as a semi-private club where we would have control of who saw our photos, status updates and hackneyed inspirational quotes have now, for the fourth or fifth time, moved the goal posts on what constitutes “privacy.” Finally, on May 26, facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg was forced to address the frenzy whipped up online and off over what many perceived as a sneaky attempt to manipulate people’s information. Past attempts have stirred up a storm among the digerati and have been mostly confined to blog posts and tweets. This time, however, it landed on the front page of the New York Times which for an internet business can only mean two things: you have stopped being cool because the stodgy Times found out about you OR because you did something bad/stupid/illegal or some combination of the three. This is not the first time they have done this, nor the first time I have written about it. But for some reason, THIS time it is really freaking people out, and not just the techie geekerati. So what is at the heart of the problem, and what can be done? facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg firmly believes two things: 1) the web is making us all more open and that privacy is an illusion and 2) facebook is on a mission to transform they way we all interact with the web. Facebook wants to be the center of our digital lives, the starting point of our engagement with the internet. facebook believes that “By making the world more open and connected, we’re expanding understanding between people and making the world a more empathetic place.” Oh, brother. The hue and cry was so intense about their ham-handed changes, that Zuckerberg was forced to acknowledge their mistakes and offer up different settings options for users. The previous privacy settings had 50 pages of clicking and over 170 possible permutations. Who the hell is going to go to all that trouble? That, of course, is EXACTLY what they were counting on- that few of us would. So, is facebook evil, stupid or crazy like a fox? The truth is, there is not as much of a business for them in only being a place for you to upload your photos and provide status updates as there is in collecting massive amounts of data about their users which can then be used to earn advertising income by more effectively targeting those ads based on your online activities and expressed interests. If you believe their numbers, facebook has over 400 million active users, two thirds of whom live outside of the US, but the privacy features are explained in ENGLISH ONLY. So many users have invested so much of themselves (ourselves) into the service that simply quitting facebook is not really a viable option. And even if we did, what would become of all those pictures, videos, intellectual ramblings, etc.? facebook would tell you that they are simply reflecting the change in people’s attitudes about privacy. I have seen no evidence of that. Rather, I would suggest that they are forcing change in order to be able to better target advertising and make more money. The truth is, given the choice, human beings typically opt for convenience over privacy. (Side note: the implication here is that young people don’t care about their privacy. Zuckerberg himself is only 26, and that may very well be his personal ethos. Yet a Pew Reserch Center study released on May 26, 2010 about reputation management and social media found that 71% of social network users aged 18-29 have changed their privacy setting on their profile to limit what they share with others online. “Reputation management has now become a defining feature of online life for many internet users, especially the young.” Here’s a link to the survey.) For those who were freaked out by this latest breach, I think the main reason is that our privacy has been under assault from so many quarters, and that is a real concern for many of us. From illegal wire tapping and circumvention of FISA to self-inflicted revelations in public fora, many of us face a constant push-pull over how much to reveal and the harm it may inflict. When I say “harm,” I don’t necessarily mean physical harm, although there are many heartbreaking stories of physical harm. It could be embarrassment, getting caught in a lie, or just forgetting that you are sometimes speaking to a broader audience. But these missteps feel manageable because we realize that WE were the ones that made a mistake by revealing too much. It’s quite a different, and creepy, feeling when someone ELSE reveals our personal information without our informed consent. Betrayal is tough to come back from. Unless you’re facebook and no one seems to give a damn. For all intents and purposes, facebook has no competition and, as danah boyd points out, the deeper a relationship, the higher the cost of ending it. So what can be done? Not much, I’m afraid. Stay on top of the changes (because this WILL happen again. And again.), and remain ever mindful of what your goals and objectives are when you join an online club. As always, I would love to hear your comments.
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Museums in RVA This is not your “velvet ropes” kind of place Get ready for full cultural immersion. The Richmond region’s collection of museums will have you thinking, appreciating, talking about issues and taking in beauty with a purpose. At the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (VMFA), an incredible permanent collection now includes Rumors of War, Kehinde Wiley’s 27-foot-tall response to Confederate monuments. The Institute for Contemporary Art presents art that prompts conversation about modern topics. The Black History Museum, Valentine Museum, Virginia Museum of History and Culture and American Civil War Museum show life from all sides in this city. There’s Unhappy Hour at the Poe Museum, jaw-droppers at the Science Museum of Virginia and dozens of other museums tucked throughout the region. Fascination awaits.
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Ex-aides to Christie ask judge to quash traffic jam subpoenas from NJ legislative panel - ABC News – 7 minutes ago - ABC News – 8 minutes ago US stocks move lower; Teen retailers American Eagle, Urban Outfitters slide - ABC News – 9 minutes ago Zimmermann retires all 12 batters he faced, Sabathia struggles as Nationals beat Yankees 3-2 - ABC News – 9 minutes ago FDA approves Cephaly headband as first medical device to prevent migraine headaches - ABC News – 10 minutes ago Gene mapping study shows challenges for promising technology for detecting disease risks - ABC News – 11 minutes ago Health care sign-ups steady in February, but Obama may miss scaled-down goal by March 31 - ABC News – 12 minutes ago Malaysian military: Missing jet changed course, was far from last reported position - ABC News – 14 minutes ago Ex-king of Wall Street generates $80M donation for George Washington University public health - ALAN FARNHAM | ABC News – 15 minutes ago What does the merger of two giant banana producers--Chiquita Brands in the U.S. and Ireland's Fyffes Plc--mean for U.S. consumers and the prices that they pay for fruit? With $4.6 billion in sales, the combined company, ChiquitaFyffes, Plc, will be by far the world's biggest banana producer and a major player in melons, pineapples and packaged salads. David Holohan, head of research for Merrion Stockbrokers in Dublin, calls the Chiquita-Fyffes combo a good deal for both companies. "It's a consolidating market, fragmented between four players," he says of bananas. Before the merger, Chiquita already had the biggest market share of the banana market, he says, with 125 million cases sold globally, followed by Del Monte (117 million) and Dole (110 million). Fyffes had been a distant 4th with 55 million. In the U.S., says Holohan, Chiquita ranks #1 in super market sales of bananas and #2 in the sales overall. Referring to ChiquitaFyffes, Holohan tellsRead More »from How the Chiquita Merger Will Change America's Fruited Plains - SHUSHANNAH WALSHE | ABC News – 15 minutes ago The aide to Gov. Chris Christie at the center of a massive scandal now threatening Christie’s political future stepped out of the shadows today as her attorney fought to keep her emails and phone records out of reach of the committee investigating last September’s controversial closures of access lanes to the George Washington Bridge. Bridget Anne Kelly, who was Christie’s deputy chief of staff, sat quietly in a Trenton courtroom and her attorney, Michael Critchley, seemed to suggest the former aide wanted immunity so she could testify about what happened at the bridge and whether it was a move to punish a local politician who wouldn’t back Christie. During the lengthy hearing, Superior Court Judge Mary Jacobsen said to Critchley, “You act as if they could very easily afford immunity and that would take care of everything.” Critchley snapped his fingers and said, “Like that, like that.” He added, “They don’t want to give us immunity, not that they can’t." Critchley suggested thatRead More »from Fired Chris Christie Aide Suggests Immunity Would Release Her Emails - Watch: Man Takes Crack at Record for … ABC News Blogs - 1 hour 39 minutes ago - Crocodile Hunter Steve Irwin's Last … ABC News Blogs - 2 hours 2 minutes ago - Black Hawk Helicopter Rescues Man Off … ABC News Blogs - 3 hours ago - 911 Call Reveals Ore. Family Held Hostage … ABC News Blogs - 3 hours ago - Woman Grateful Mom Nagged Her Into Losing … ABC News Blogs - 3 hours ago
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Fremont Street 1940s Our good friends at the Las Vegas News Bureau have put together a photo exhibit for Preservation Week. Curator Brian "Paco" Alvarez will be on hand to talk about the exhibit "Re-Invention". "Re-Invention" focuses on the evolution or Re-Invention of downtown Las Vegas by comparing historic and current images of buildings such as Binion’s Hotel on Fremont Street and dramatic changes such as the re-location of the La Concha hotel lobby. The buildings included in the collection of photographs are: Binions Horseshoe, El Cortez, Fremont Street Experience, Golden Gate Hotel, Golden Nugget, Hotel Sal Sagev, La Concha, Las Vegas Club, Las Vegas Grammar School (Fifth Street School), Las Vegas Post Office, the Morelli House, Union Pacific Railroad Station, and the Union Plaza. Included will be several aerial and over-all photos of Fremont Street. This all happens on Friday, May 16th at the Bridge Gallery in City Hall. There is an opening reception from 3:00 to 5:00 pm and we encourage everyone to come on down and enjoy the photos. The exhibit will stay up until May 30th but tomorrow is the only chance to hear Paco and local historian/preservationist Bob Stoldal talk about our history. Bridge Gallery, City Hall Visitors may reach the gallery through the second floor of the Las Vegas City Hall parking garage on the southeast corner of Stewart Avenue and Fourth Street. Parking is by paid meter only. Hours are Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., excluding holidays. There is no charge for admission. For more information about the Bridge Gallery call (702)-229-1012. Fremont Street Experience 2008 Post Office 1940s Post Office 2005 Fifth Street Grammar School Fifth Street Grammar School today undergoing restoration Special Thanks to the Las Vegas News Bureau for letting us use these images!
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http://classiclasvegas.com/clv-history-blog/2008/5/15/las-vegas-news-bureau-exhibit.html
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NEW research indicates there are variable levels of sensitivity to some insecticides between populations of fall armyworm (FAW) in different geographical areas of Australia. FAW is a highly migratory, invasive pest that was first reported in Australia in February 2020 and quickly established across parts of northern Australia's tropical and sub-tropical regions, including northern Queensland, the Northern Territory, and northern parts of Western Australia. It has been detected in southern WA, New South Wales and Victoria. The new findings are from two complementary projects, one being a comprehensive research project into FAW's insecticide sensitivities and genetic make-up being led by Australia's national science agency CSIRO, with co-investment by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC), Cotton Research and Development Corporation, FMC Australasia and Corteva Agriscience. CSIRO researcher Wee Tek Tay said the research provided evidence that two geographically separated populations - a WA population from Kununurra in the Kimberley region and a north Queensland population from Walkamin in the Tablelands region - showed variable levels of sensitivity to insecticides. "Geographic variability in insecticide responses is not unexpected and is commonly observed in the closely related species Helicoverpa armigera," Dr Tay said. "The findings don't necessarily indicate distinct genetic differences in the populations - results of genomic analyses are pending - but they do have implications for growers trying to manage FAW in the field." In the absence of a FAW population susceptible to insecticides, bioassays were conducted using H. armigera as a comparison. Colonies of insects were raised in the laboratory for the tests using individuals sampled from limited areas. Therefore, they are not necessarily representative of the population in that region, so some caution is needed in interpreting the findings. NSW Department of Primary Industries (DPI) researcher Lisa Bird said an independent and complementary study of FAW susceptibility in five populations from north Queensland and one population from Kununurra also revealed geographic differences in sensitivity to some synthetic insecticides. Both the CSIRO and the DPI studies found that FAW populations were between 50 and 150 times less sensitive to the pyrethroid alpha-cypermethrin compared with susceptible strains of H. armigera. Both researchers found similar levels of variability in sensitivity to methomyl, ranging from three to 11 times less sensitive, in populations from north Queensland compared with susceptible strains of H. armigera. In contrast, CSIRO found its WA population to be 52 times less sensitive. Relative tolerance to indoxacarb was found in all FAW populations tested. Populations from north Queensland were between 11 to 63 times more tolerant to indoxacarb than the susceptible reference strain of H. armigera. Both researchers included a Kununurra population, with the CSIRO population being 208 times more tolerant and the DPI population being 61 times more tolerant. This highlights the variability of FAW's response to an insecticide even from within the same general region. It is possible FAW has a natural level of tolerance to indoxacarb. While chlorantraniliprole sensitivity was found to be similar in north Queensland populations compared with H. armigera, the WA colony tested by CSIRO was 15 times less sensitive. However, there may still be significant variability in sensitivity to this chemistry within the Kununurra region and further work is needed to document the full range of naturally occurring geographic variability between Australian FAW populations. Sensitivity to emamectin and spinetoram was found to be similar in all FAW populations and H. armigera. GRDC biosecurity manager Jeevan Khurana said these results provided evidence that geographically different FAW populations in Australia can vary in their responses to insecticide. "This new knowledge helps to guide insecticide choice," Dr Khurana said. "As always, growers are encouraged to judiciously select and rotate products to reduce selection pressure. "While these studies don't directly reflect field rates and conditions, it is important for growers to consider insecticide sensitivity when making decisions about product choice. "Always use the full rate as stated on the label or permit. "Where a rate range is specified, such as on current FAW permits for indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole in maize, it is recommended to use the higher rate in accordance with the permit instructions. "In addition, particular attention should be made to targeting early instar stages (hatchlings to second instar) before FAW entrenchment in the whorl or cobs can occur, and spray coverage (water volume, spray quality etc) should be optimised to ensure the larvae are receiving a lethal dose of the insecticide."
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https://www.farmweekly.com.au/story/7192868/insecticide-differences-for-fall-armyworm/
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The problem is that many cyclists do not obey any rules at all. Like going with traffic, not against it. Or staying on the road, sidewalks are for pedestrians. That's not the problem, but it is a problem. I try to be a role model, and I ride in traffic in the way I think everyone should. I don't startle anyone, and I don't impede anyone. I try to predict how everyone else is going to behave, and I try to ride predictably so anyone concerned knows what I'm doing and what I'm about to do. Even with the bad cyclists -- and there are too many of them --, it seems to me that as more people get onto bikes each year, it is not becoming more unsafe for pedestrians or motorists or subway riders. A lot of the new riders are the type of people with less nerve than the previous waves. They are starting to ride because they previously would not have felt safe in traffic. A lot of these new riders stop at red lights. I stand and wait next to them on 8th Ave. I should tell you that I have been a bike advocate for a long time. I have ridden in many places, and I currently ride 2,000 miles a year. I know what works and what doesn't, and I know what will work. I have taught people how to ride in traffic so that they and people nearby are safe and comfortable. It's a practical way to get places, and it's a reasonable decision to make to ride a bike in NYC and many other places. I don't know about Fairlawn, as I haven't been there in a while. I did some bike and education in Maplewood when I lived there.
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||Rest, Relax, Refresh $45.00 | Ingredients: This refreshing and soothing gift includes a variety of spa products along With loose leaf teas and light biscotti cookies. Teas include: organic Sencha, Raspberry Black, Lotta Colada and 2 all natural biscotti, Making this a light gift to rest, relax and refresh. SHIPPING RATES FOR THIS GIFT : WHEN WILL MY ORDER SHIP? - Ground - Arrives in 2-7 Business Days FREE - 3 Day Air - Arrives in 3 Business Days $24.95 - 2 Day Air - Arrives in 2 Business Days $34.95 - Next Day Air - Arrives Next Business Day $45.95 - Orders received by 12pm PST Monday through Friday will ship the same business day. - Orders received after 12pm PST Monday through Friday will ship the next business day. - Orders received on Saturday, Sunday & Holidays will also ship the next business day. - Business days are Monday through Friday. View Complete Shipping Details
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CC-MAIN-2016-26
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2016-06-27T09:27:03Z
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The day is still dark when I join the excursion courtesy of Travel People Indonesia. Kennita and Stephie are really nice for arranging the tour. We leave Jakarta as early as 5-6 AM and arrive around 10-11 AM at Malabar Mountain Coffee, Marga Mulya village, Pangalengan, about 1 hour from Bandung. A little history of coffee in Java, it is considered an almost everyone’s drink, especially if you’re burning the midnight oil so to speak (like me. heh). The arabica type, Malabar, is brought by the Netherlands from Malabar area in South India to be cultivated in Java during the colonial. It was the largest export at the time to Europe under the VOC (Verininging Oogst Indies Company) flag. So famous is coffee when the Europeans order they ask for a cup of Java. Decades later, some islands in Indonesia still produce various types of arabica and robusta coffee, most notably Sumatra, Java, Toraja, Bali etc. Indonesia is no. #3 country to produce and export coffee around the world. After breakfast and coffee of course, Mr. T.Syam Arif, or Mr. Asep take us to the coffee hills. Along the way, the view is breathtaking. Check out the Preanger mountainous and hills of tea plantation as the eyes can see. That breakfast and coffee really helps hiking up the hills!Along the way, we meet the farmers and berry pickers from the village. The Malabar Arabica coffee is cultivated at 1400 m above sea level on a 70 hectare land. There are around 230.000 coffee trees with variety from LS 795, Sigarar Utang, Timtim, Kartika, Ateng and Andungsari with quality certification. Picking up the coffee cherry has its own technique! During the harvest time, pickers like the ladies above and us of course, should only pick the ripe ones. The indication is how cherry red all around and try not to take the stem along. Because the stem will yield fruits again next time. The select harvest or selectively picked (panen pilih) will ensure quality and next production. There are 3 types of after harvest process; fully washed, semi-washed (and honey process) and natural process. The Natural process is quite straight forward but it takes longer time around 25+ days, depend on the drying process, either under the sun or under the roof. Drying under the sun also takes time for the pulping and fermentation to take place Naturally. Workers need to turn the coffee beans around and around to dry evenly. We’re lucky to get the whole process for the Fully Washed. After harvesting, the cherries are washed and enter the pulping process. As explain by Mr. Dedy, the pulping process is to separate the beans from the cherry and wash using the water pressure. The difference from fully-washed and semi-washed is on the process after pulping. Semi washed use less water because after pulping, the fermentation is left with the mucilage still intact (honeyed process) and dried until the water is 40%, then washed, after that dried again until they get the green bean with the water content up to 11 – 13%. On the fully washed process, the beans are through the process of fermentation using a large body of water in a large basin until the beans loose it’s slimy layer. After the fermentation and wash, the beans are dried. Back at the factory, Mr. Irwan explain that after drying process, the coffee beans go to the hulling process to remove the last layer. The beans then sorted to be stored according quality and class.The coffee classification is determined by the shape and character of the coffee after the whole process. For example, outstanding quality class has the score of 90 to 100, specialty score 80 to 90 and premium around 70 to 80. Commercial class usuall around 55-ish. The next process is roasting. Mr. Irwan take us the the roasting machine and go through with several level of roasting stages such as light, medium and dark roast. The type of roasting also determine the acidity, body, taste, flavor, aroma and colour. Americans, he said, prefer the medium roast with less acidity but still have distinctive character. The European people prefer dark roast for the bitter taste, strong aroma but less acidity and little character for espresso coffee. The first roasting phase is from the green bean to amber colour, when it starts to have a light brown sheen, the sugar content begin caramelisation process and is called cinnamon phase. The coffee beans shrink and gave the first crack. Usually it’s ready to drink in medium roast with the coffee character still intact but the acidity is less. In a few seconds only, the colour change into darker brown and second crack happen. The process have several shades of dark brown until they become dark roast with bitter taste. Back to the main office/house, we are treated for tasting, or Cupping to determine the quality, type by blind testing. Coffee lovers can use their scent of smell and tongue to score each qualification and rate them according to class. The aroma is different before and after pouring hot water according Mr. Asep. We take the smelling and tasting process again and again, amateur coffee taster that we are, and tally up the score from the aroma, body and flavour. Here are the cheat sheet for each glass: A. blue, B. fully washed, C. premium blend. D. honeyed process, E. specialty blend EP, F. natural process. Mr. Asep mention storage tip for freshness, for example, coffee beans can retain freshness up to 3 to 4 months, compare to the grind coffee (1 to 2 months) because when grind, coffee will have more oxygen and is not as fresh. Last tip to brew coffee manually using V60: - If possible, the glass should be warm - The temperature for the hot water is around 92 to 98 celcious - The thickness and bitterness of the coffee depend on the roughness of the ground coffee and/or the filter - The standard in MM Coffee is 1:10 formula, which is 1 gram of coffee with 10 ml or water - The brewing takes about 1 to 3 minutes depend on the coffee, filter and pouring the water Company: Malabar Mountain Coffee PT Sinar Mayang Sari Jl. Kp Cigendel RT.03/12, Margamulya Village, Pangalengan, Bandung District 40378, West Java, Indonesia Phone & Fax: +62 22 5979206
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|03-01-2015 02:07 AM| |FFhb13||I just bought a 2013 Focus Titanium HB, in Van, British Columbia...fully loaded with every option except park assist, 29000km for about 17,600...pretty happy with the price, I negotiated hard... some scratches, paint chips and one 5 star rim is curbed, other then that, it's in brand new condition.| |09-10-2014 10:57 PM| I paid 26,445$ all in (Including finance) for a 2014 SE PLUS (201A), Black pack,blue candy, and 84/160K Ford warranty. No ADMIN/BS Dealer fees. I think I did okay. |07-21-2014 04:56 AM| I purchased a new 2013 in May 2014 with 151 km's paid $ 21525 plus tax. Sport Titanium with 18" wheels,rustproofing, nav, moonroof etc... Sticker on window read $ 30778 plus tax. Very happy with car so far. |06-01-2014 01:26 AM| |Missbrowningbaby||We paid 30 grand for ours @3% interest for a 2013 SE sedan with winter package in tuxedo black, had the chance and go approved on a fully loaded truck from ford but decided for now on the focus and that is for 60 months| |12-28-2013 10:06 AM| 2014 Ford Focus SE Automatic Hatchback Black Leather with Sunroof 17 Black Paint Wheels MyFordTouch with Navigation and Sony Package Free Winter Wheel/Tires with Sensors Just under $29K, 72 months @ 0%. |12-11-2013 07:09 PM| |yellowrocket||wow i feel ripped of compared to all of you, here in lloydmister AB i paid 26.500 for mine off the showroom floor. 2012 hatch se with the sports package. none of those fancy @$$ gadgets to fiddle with| |08-22-2013 12:57 PM| '13 Titanium Hatchback, Tuxedo Black, Luxury Package. $482/month for 60 months, 0%. (13% taxes, freight, etc. included) |04-29-2013 01:12 PM| |04-25-2013 08:14 PM| Platinum White Tri-Coat, SEL, cloth seats and no MFT I paid approx. $24,000 and change after taxes. I have to pay 4.96% financing through RBC though. :( The 2013s were 0% financing so I'm kind of regretting not going with that though. Not sure if it would have saved me more money in the end but I might've ended up paying for more if I got a 2013 because of the way the packages and features are set up. |04-20-2013 06:29 PM| Yelllow Blaze Hatch Hello forum members! Just purchased a Yellow Blaze Titanium hatch with 14800 km for $19,888. Loving it so far. It has the vision group, rear parking sensor, rain sensitive wipers, SST and Navigation. The dealer would not budge on the price but give a little on my trade (2005 Aveo LT Hatch) |This thread has more than 10 replies. Click here to review the whole thread.|
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Hey all Subaru owners and fans this is Marissa the creator of the NJTuners Sunday Applebees in Parsippany. I will be holding a meet and cruise at Applebees in Butler. We will meet up Sunday July 20th at 2:30pm and grab something to eat then go on the cruise. There are some good windy roads and turns. My biker friends like to drive it. 1200 Rt. 23 North Butler, NJ 07405 ***MEET IS ON SUNDAY JULY 20TH AT 2:30PM***
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CC-MAIN-2015-11
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CC-MAIN-2020-10
https://www.onedegreeless.org/ontario/bi-curious-ottawa-hook-up-bbm/
2020-02-20T14:31:16Z
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This post is from staff writer Kristin Wong. “I can’t believe I’m going to be 30!” I told my Dad at the beginning of the year. I said the same thing when I turned 20, so I knew he would reassure me that 30 actually wasn’t that old. “Nope, 30′s old,” he said. Getting older doesn’t bother me; I actually embrace it and all the experiences that come along with it. That’s also something I say just to make myself feel better. But it’s working. And as I enter into a new decade of adulthood, I’ve been thinking about my financial situation. Am I where I wanted to be at 30? Financially speaking, am I where a 30-year-old should be? What financial goals should I have at this age? Let’s find out. How’s my retirement plan going? Ah, the age-old financial question — how much should you save for retirement? It’s been covered pretty extensively here, and ultimately, it’s about what works for you, as there are so many variables to consider. Especially with my fluctuating income, it’s hard to set standards based on how much I earn. For now, I am saving based on last year’s income, even though this year’s might not be as high. I’d rather err on the side of saving too much, unless the difference becomes drastic. But I should be saving even more for my retirement for two big reasons: 1) As I mentioned, my income may vary, so I should save a lot while I can. 2) I don’t have an employer to match any of my contributions. But before I decide how much more I should be saving, how much should I have at age 30? Fidelity says you should have a year’s salary saved in retirement by age 35. By age 45, you should have three times your income. Judging by that, I should probably have about half of my annual income saved today. “Whatever the case may be, by the time you are 31, you need to have at least one year’s worth of living expenses covered.” Going by Financial Samurai’s standard, I’m good. My living expenses are relatively low, so I’ve already reached that milestone. But by Fidelity’s standard — half a year’s salary — I’m almost, but not quite, there. If I put in about $200 extra a month, I should have roughly half a year’s salary in my retirement by the end of the year. I need to increase my contributions, but I’m already maxing out my IRA. And I hate to admit it, but, based on last year’s income, I’m not even hitting the old 10 percent standard. And here I thought I was doing well. To my credit, however, last year was a good year income-wise. I may be over-estimating my savings, as this year I might not earn the same amount. But again, I’d rather save too much than too little. It’s due time to consider additional retirement options; I should probably already have opened a self-employed 401(k). Thus, Financial resolution #1: Save additionally for my retirement and open a new account. Where should I keep my medium-term savings? As my 30th birthday approaches, I also happen to be at a fork with my emergency fund. I have more than six months’ worth of living expenses saved and still have enough to pay taxes at the end of the year, since I’m self-employed. But as I get older, there are certain milestones I should start saving up for. A house? Children? Another cat? Who knows! I’m still not quite sure if I want any of those things within the next five years. But I’ll probably make a decision within that time frame, and I’d like to be financially prepared either way. Now is the time to start saving for whatever the near future may hold. My 20s were spent getting out of debt and building an emergency fund. I feel like 30 is an age at which I need to start being proactive with how I’m saving. As J.D. once wrote: ”If you hide your money under a rock, your investing skill isn’t particularly good. Although you might think you’re protecting what you’ve saved, you’re actually losing money to inflation.” So I’ve been investing in my investment education. I’ve diversified my IRA, and my ROI is pretty average. As a novice, I’m OK with average for now. But while I continue my investment education and also decide what it is I want to save for, I plan on doing a couple of things. Between three and five years is the time frame that I think I might need this money — maybe longer. While I’d like to open an index fund, I’m a little concerned about the risk, especially if I end up wanting the money in the semi-short term. Opening a CD is an appealing option, but the rates aren’t that much better than my savings account. I can open one or the other, or I can split my savings between both. It’s a decision that I’m in the process of making, and I’ll let you know how it goes. In the meantime, the point is, at 30, it’s about time to start saving smartly. Financial resolution #2: Decide where I want to park my medium-term savings. Preparing for and safeguarding the future It’s time to make a risk-management checklist. Oh, that’s right. Robert Brokamp already did this for me! He’s great like that. It’s time to visit some items on this list. That’s my third financial resolution: Prepare for and safeguard the future. I won’t rehash Brokamp’s entire list. Some items won’t apply to me for a while; some I’ve already got covered. But there are a few things that I’ll need to work on as the future nears… While I already have renter’s and auto insurance, taking an inventory of possessions is a great idea, and umbrella insurance is something to consider, too, although I don’t have that many assets. ”Your personal tragedy will be less tragic if you can prove to the insurance company what you owned,” Brokamp writes. Indeed. Years ago, I worked at a small engineering company. Our building caught on fire one morning and burned to the ground. I spent the next six months interviewing everyone at the company and taking an inventory of every single asset. Amid so many other frustrations, my boss told me that we’d likely have to prove much of what we were claiming. Thus, part of my third resolution is to follow Brokamp’s advice by taking an inventory of my possessions and looking into risk-management checkpoints for the near future. Preparing a will I hate to admit it, but this is something I haven’t thought about much, despite its importance. Preparing a will, along with other important documents Brokamp mentions, is another financial goal as I turn 30. I got out of debt and saved some money in my 20s, and maybe that deserved a pat on the back. But as I enter the next decade, it’s time to enter the next era of my finances. I’ve only listed a few major financial resolutions here, but some of them already seem challenging, and there are probably more I’ll discover along the way. On the bright side, not only will my finances be in better shape, but some of these goals might make for decent GRS topics. Personally, I’m interested to learn more about self-employed 401(k)s and where to put my medium-term savings. Are there topics you’d like to see fleshed out? Do you have any additional input on what a 30-year-old’s financial goals should be? SEARCH FOR RECENT ARTICLES
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CC-MAIN-2014-10
http://www.getrichslowly.org/blog/2013/04/09/im-30-am-i-where-i-should-be-with-my-finances/
2014-03-08T21:44:02Z
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Unlock the most extraordinary ideas within the minds of young professionals There are 3 ways to feed the global population: 1. produce more food; 2. make food chains more efficient and 3. Change diets Trillions have been spend on produce more food; billions more on efficiency and hardly anything on 'changing diets'. Therefore this last part is the most promising general direction for innovation. But we hardly know how to change diets and a diets is a cultural perspective, different around the globe. But what we know is that Chefs are the professional consumers in charge of what and how we eat and are therefore the ultimate agents when it comes to generating new ideas on 'how to change diets'. Students at culinary schools and hotel management school are tomorrows professionals and are maybe the best place to start. Therefore Feeding Good offers culinary schools and hotel management schools 'Food Forever' in addition to an education program to educate the young professionals and mobilize them to set up 'experimental playgrounds' to find new culturally accepted ways to change our diets and lifestyles.
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CC-MAIN-2018-26
http://www.feedinggood.com/about/approach
2018-06-20T21:00:38Z
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Thank you so much for the service of this wonderful dating site. I found and married my eternal friend and mate back in March after meeting on LDS Single Mingle. He and I were sealed July 13th in the Bountiful Temple. He moved me across the country and we no live happily ever after here in Ogden, Utah. Once again, thank you so very much. I am now complete with my best friend. » More success stories
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CC-MAIN-2015-40
http://www.ldsmingle.com/success/2002/I-am-now-complete-with-my-best-friend/
2015-10-09T23:58:46Z
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BEFORE I MENTION ANYTHING ELSE, PLEASE GO VOTE BUT BEFORE YOU DO, LOOK UP THE CANDIDATES PERSONAL MORALS AND OPINIONS AND ON THE BALLOT QUESTIONS BE SURE TO LOOK UP WHAT YOU ARE ACTUALLY VOTING FOR. BE SURE THE CANDIDATE RESPECTS ALL LIFE, FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH. BE SURE HE/SHE DID NOT VOTE OR TALK ABOUT APPROVING ASSISTED SUISIDE, PRO CHOICE, EUTHANASIA OR ANY OTHER KIND OF DISRESPECT FOR HUMAN LIFE AND DIGNITY. BE SURE THE QUESTIONS AREN’T GIVING THE STATE PERMISSION TO DO SOMETHING YOU DON’T APPROVE OF, FOR INSTANCE, WHAT ARE THE BOND ISSUES FOR? BE SURE YOU DO VOTE TO THE BEST OF YOUR ABILITY AND LEARN FROM YOUR MISTAKES. REMEMBER, YOU WILL BE VOTING ALL YOUR LIFE. THE Catholic Church is well know for being “pro-life” However, we are not just talking about contraception and abortion. We believe GOD ALOONE IS THE LORD OVER LIFE AND DEATH. Human life is sacred because from its beginning it involves the creative action of God and it remains for ever in a special relationship with the Creator, who is its sole end. (catechism 2258) God not only created us in his divine image (see Genesis 1:27), God also loves us profoundly. God’s plan offers us an eternal destiny. That love is made tangible in the Son of God, Jesus, who took on human flesh to bring us salvation through his life, death, and Resurrection. Thanks to Jesus Christ, we can become children of God. Created in the image of the one God and equally endowed with rational souls, all men have the same nature and the same origin. Redeemed by the sacrifice of Christ, all are called to participate in the same divine beatitude: all therefore enjoy an equal dignity. (Catechism 1934) The equality of men rests essentially on their dignity as persons and the rights the flow from it. (Catechism 1935) God’s Fifth Commandment should not be taken for granted. After all, it was given to us by the God of love, the Author of life: “You shall not kill” (Exodus 20:13 and Deuteronomy 5:17). This command of God is a broad ban on killing human persons. Direct involvement or acting as an accomplice in a murder, suicide, abortion, or euthanasia, is forbidden. Further, while legitimate self-defense is excusable, the killing and maiming of unarmed civilians in wartime is not (see Catechism 2259-2283) This right to life ethos extends to the spiritual and physical welfare of persons. On the spiritual side, we must care for the souls of others. We must not scandalize people or lead them to do evil. Scandal takes on a particular gravity by reason of the authority of those who cause it or the weakness of those who are scandalized. It prompted our Lord to utter this curse: “Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a great millstone fastened around his neck and to be drowned in the depth of the sea.”(Matt 18:6)Catechism 2285) We must protect people from bodily harm through illicit scientific research or experimental practices that disregard the bodily integrity of a person. This protection extends to crime as well: kidnapping, hostage taking, terrorism, violence, torture, and violations or abuse against another’s body.(Catechism 2292-2298) Concern for the physical welfare of persons equals respecting the health or other persons-treating it as a gift. This includes making sure people have sufficient food, housing, clothing, health care, basic education, employment or social assistance. It assures care for the sick, disabled, and elderly. It also protects people from the abuses of alcohol, drugs, and human trafficking. Any harmful endangerments to the human person must be avoided or prevented. (Catechism 2288-2291) Finally, the sanctity of human life leads to offering care and respect for the dead. The bodies of the dead must be treated with respect and charity, in faith, and hope of the Resurrection. The burial of the dead is a corporal work of mercy; it honors the children of God, who are temples of the Holy Spirit (Catechism 2300) CHRISTIAN ARE TO RESPECT HUMAN LIFE FROM ITS ORIGIN AT CONCEPTION TO THE NATURAL END OF A PERSON’S LIFE ON EARTH–IT’S A WAY OF LIFE, FROM THE WOMB TO THE TOMB. Every human life, from the moment of conception until death, is sacred because the human person has been willed for its own sake in the image and likeness of the living and holy God.(Catechism 2319) __________________________________________________-Written by Pat Gohn (taken from the Catholic Digest, Oct. 2014) Pat Gohn is the author of BLESSED, BEAUTIFUL, AND BODACIOUS: CELEBRATING THE GIFT OF CATHOLIC WOMANHOOD. AGAIN, GO VOTE: THE PEOPLE WE PUT IN OFFICE WILL DECIDE THE LAWS OF THIS COUNTRY, WHICH IN TURN WILL DECIDE IF HUMAN LIFE WILL BE PROTECTED FROM CONCEPTION UNTIL DEATH. And truthfully, right now, there is very little respect for human life in this Country. God bless you all.
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CC-MAIN-2020-29
https://berry20nice.wordpress.com/2014/10/
2020-07-14T07:28:56Z
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The current desk chair for our office is one of those big, black leather ones. While it's not my style, Brent sits in it 99.9% more than I do – so I wasn't going to be one to pick fights. I thought fate intervened while we were moving last summer. While the chair was chilling in the POD for that month, some Windex spilled on out from another box. (Just a hint: if you leave Windex on leather for a month, it will kick its butt. A follow-up tip to the hint: don't store cleaning supplies in a POD). When Brent showed me what happened to his chair, I was delighted. I thought we could finally move on to an office chair with more of a modern touch. But to my horror, the chair made it upstairs to the office. So now I was left with a chair that wasn't my style with some very obvious rips in it. Lovely. Then a miracle happened. Several weeks ago, Brent and I were catching up on TV, and he was flipping through the new CB2 catalog, when he said "I could handle a chair like this for the office." Once I got passed being too nervous to look, I was thrilled to see he was eying a bungee chair. Thank God. CB2 had the chair listed at $189, and being the deal-hunter that I am, my first thought was – I can do better. Ummm, clearly I had no idea how much bungee chairs usually go for. After seeing chair after chair for $300, $189 plus tax and shipping, started to sound like a bargain. But then I went back to my dear friend Craigslist and found this guy listed for $150. Even better, this chair was just used for staging, so it lacked the wear and tear. Even better than that, I talked the guy down to $125. While I'm not positive where this chair is from, Target has the same chair for $259.99. :) Brent just called to say the bungee chair is in his car, and I am thrilled to see it in the office. I know this chair put me over on my ridiculously small office-makeover budget, but it was totally worth it. Plus, I wasn't expecting to get a new chair. I really thought I'd be stuck with that old leather beast for forever.
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CC-MAIN-2022-05
https://decoratingobsessed.blogspot.com/2010/03/my-latest-craigslist-deal.html
2022-01-25T07:27:22Z
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9 large eggs 600g finely minced pork or sausagemeat 225g golden breadcrumbs large bowl ice-cold water 1 tbsp freshly chopped parsley 2 tbsp chives, snipped, plus extra to garnish 1.5 litres vegetable oil, for deep-frying salt and pepper Cook six of the eggs in boiling water for 7 mins. Drain, then refresh in the iced water. Once cool enough to handle, peel, and pat dry with kitchen paper. In a large mixing bowl, mix the meat with 1 egg, 2 tbsp of the breadcrumbs, the herbs and plenty of seasoning until thoroughly combined. Divide the mixture into six, and wrap around the boiled eggs, forming them into balls. Beat the remaining eggs in a shallow dish with some seasoning, and dip the sausage balls in the egg mix to coat. In another shallow bowl, coat the balls in the remaining breadcrumbs. Chill until needed. Heat the oil in a large, heavy-based saucepan to 180°C, using a thermometer to accurately gauge the temperature. Deep-fry the Scotch eggs, three at a time, for 4-5 mins until golden brown and crisp. Remove to a plate lined with kitchen paper to drain. Cut in half, and serve with a garnish of snipped chives. Other picnic recipes in the Jul/Aug issue of LandScape include: - Stuffed picnic bread wreath - Salad served in preserving jars - Fig tarts - Cornish Brie and pickles - Berry lattice tart - Peaches baked in dough Missed an issue? You can get LandScape back issues or subscribe to LandScape
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CC-MAIN-2019-09
https://www.landscapemagazine.co.uk/recipes-2/2017/6/12/scotch-eggs
2019-02-22T00:06:14Z
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The warmth of Summer is in the air (because in Maryland, we got about two weeks of Spring this year), which can only mean one thing. It’s time for ice cream. Now, while some people will hob-flob around their ice cream choices… I crave a very specific “start of Summer” treat. Chocolate and vanilla swirl (soft serve) in a cone, with chocolate sprinkles. (Because that is, hands down, the best combination and form of noms to my face hole… ever.) This is where I’m also going to give a shout out to my childhood Summer ice cream destination, Freez King, may the royal frozen palace rest in peace (after serving as a local staple in our community for what can only be assumed as freaking centuries… I’m pretty sure the Pilgrims ventured north for days to enjoy such a treat). Everyone who grew up in Frederick, or lived in Frederick, or visited Frederick and indulged in the delightful frozen masterpieces they served at Freez King just died a little inside… and possibly started bawling uncontrollably… because the reality of the situation is almost too much to process. Fortunately, while driving through our beautiful downtown district, I noticed a sign outside of Frederick Fudge and Ice Cream that stated they now have a soft serve machine! (Am I spelling that right? Maybe it’s soft-serv? Don’t care… it’s delicious.) I immediately, without a note of hesitation, swooped into the parking lot (one of the only free parking areas in all of downtown… huzzah!), flopped the stroller out of the car, tossed Munchie in, buckled him up in record time… and made our way into the frozen haven. I was happy to see the place quite busy… but less happy to wait for my frozen treat. (Though I think the wait really builds your anticipation levels, making your ice cream that much more delicious.) We place our order, hand the mystical cone preparing princess our cash, and gleefully bounce out the door. We select a picnic table, I plop down, and we begin to partake. I really wanted to get a picture of Munchie with the first cone of Summer, perfectly covered in chocolate bits of goodness… but he was distracted by some teenage girls sitting near us. (Potential babysitters? Honestly, that’s how I view every teenager now. Boy? Girl? Don’t care… you seem responsible… wanna watch my kid? I will pay you in ice cream.) My beloved chocolate sprinkles were starting to drip everywhere. I quickly licked them off half the cone. I then reached my arm out, to offer Munchie a bite of sprinkle covered Summery goodness… and do you know what he did? He GRABBED the ice cream… not the cone… sending precious sprinkles tumbling down. I gave him a quick lick and retracted the treat. I’m not proud of what happened next… but I quickly ate the rest of the sprinkles… like an anteater slurping down tiny delicious specks. It wasn’t pretty… and like I said… I’m not proud. We shared the rest of the treat. For some reason, I assumed Munchie would know to lick the ice cream… but that didn’t happen (no shiznit Sherlock). His is method of consumption was more of a vacuum-like action… shoving his face into the cold treat and sucking in a bite, kind of like a fish. At first, he found the cold a bit startling… but before long, he was sharing ice cream with me like a champ. My (fat American) goal is for him to be able to hold and consume his own cone by Summer’s end. So much for passing frozen Go-gurt off as ice cream for the rest of his life.by
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CC-MAIN-2018-17
http://mommabish.com/blog/2014/05/29/mom-need-moment-ice-cream-heavenly/
2018-04-22T00:42:38Z
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WHY LEARN ARGENTINE TANGO? Argentine Tango with its origins dating back to late 19th century Buenos Aires, contains a sultry blend of African and European influences that have created a dance that is both challenging and rewarding. It is a unique dance in which two people come together and use movement and music to interpret and create, each time, their own completely new dance with every piece of music played. Argentine Tango is not a ‘quick fix’ but grows with you the deeper you go…. ….one thing that attracts people to tango is also the thing which puts off some people i.e. it is a journey. It may take a while to feel comfortable to dance in a Milonga but to explore all aspects that Tango offers is a never ending experience as it is always evolving, creating more interesting challenges keeping the dance fresh. Is this a dance for all ages? Until the last 10 years tango was perceived as being for people over a certain age! Now the milongas are increasingly attended by all age groups.
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CC-MAIN-2021-43
https://www.brightontango.com/about-tango/
2021-10-27T04:50:17Z
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"you are the one whoHas blocked me" yup, the app basically by the looks of things grabs people at random from your friends lists and claims you’ve been blocked by them. I would assume there will be a virus/trojan attached to usage of the application, although it cound just be some nasty bugger has designed it to make people go.. "Oohh they blocked me.. bastards"and then cause trouble between friends. Tha app is called apps.facebook.com/Fblocking_me_ii Hopefully people googling it will find this blog entry and will know to just remove the app. I await a massive collection of thankyous lmao
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CC-MAIN-2018-17
https://aliwiseman.wordpress.com/2010/02/11/another-facebook-scam-app/
2018-04-21T23:16:28Z
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888 Poker App for Android The Playing Experience on the Go 888 Poker has created a real money poker site for mobile devices. Offering the 888 Poker app version for both iOS and Android devices. Just download the latest version and follow the instructions to get in on the action. The next time you have to wait at the airport or in the doctor’s office, you can log on and indulge in a gaming session at 888 Poker. To calm for a little entertainment and de-stressing. Stress is Not Sexy Today, man is bombarded constantly with a plethora of stress triggers every minute, even every second. As numerous and diverse the triggers may be, thanks to technology, the number of relaxation or de-stressing methods is also becoming more diversified. With the help of your phone, one of them is gaming with 888 Poker app for Android. 888 Poker – Long Story Short Playing poker on your smartphone for real money in real time was unheard of not so long ago. But times have changed. With the busy lifestyle we all have, the mobile version of poker play is the only form of poker that makes sense nowadays. 888 Poker, having over five million registered users, is at the forefront of this trend. 888 Poker first introduced the mobile version for iOS and Android devices in 2012. Following up with a new and improved version in 2013, and the feedback has been incredible. We have even found that 888Poker — being as ambitious as they are — doesn’t like to compromise. While it is obvious the company wants to keep its position at the edge of technology, at the same time, 888 wants to keep it simple. So far, they did just that by not overcomplicating the software with every existing advanced feature. And by doing so, 888 is keeping the core recreational players happy by not intimidating them with a user experience that’s more complicated than it needs to be. Security and Fair Play 888Poker has a reputation for being trustworthy. Having their company licensed in Gibraltar and regulated by the Gibraltar Gambling Commission. 888 also has the eCOGRA seal of approval. Which assures that 888Poker meets the high standards of the organization and of course, your deposits are safe and that the games are fair. Another proof of fairness would be the independent 888 Poker auditors that review the site monthly. 888Poker also won the EGR Award for Best Poker Operator for three years in a row. Download and Welcome Bonus As we’ve mentioned, the whole process from download to log in is as simple as possible. The Welcome Bonus offer is a generous 200 percent match of your first deposit, up to $1,000. That you will get in $10 increments every time you make 100 bonus points off your play. You can make bonus points by playing poker cash games, contributing to the rake or entering to play in tournaments. The number of points can be seen from your table by checking the bonus meter, and the time limit for clearing the whole bonus is 90 days. The 888 Poker Welcome Package also includes goodies like: - free entry into the $100,000 First Depositor’s Challenge - seven $500 First Depositors Freerolls - $1,000 Depositor’s Freeroll - and several special promotions 888 Poker App Banking 888Poker’s players can choose from the same range of withdrawal and deposit options as the 888 casino players. The site has more than 20 different banking methods to offer, so it shouldn’t be a problem for any nationality. Withdrawal times can last from as little as 1-2 days for some methods, up to 7-8 days for credit and debit cards and for up to 10 days for wire transfers. An interesting fact is that VIP players receive the privilege of getting quicker withdrawal times. Indeed, regulars deserve privileges. Also, 888 poker app players are not charged for withdrawals, unlike on other sites. Yes! What You Care About – Android Features and UI 888Poker’s mobile app for Android is easy to download and use. But it’s not available in all the countries 888Poker is doing business in, so be sure to find out first. The lobby is easy to use and it’s easy to find games with opponents playing from their mobile device or personal computer. Some of the 888Poker’s mobile features are the main lobby. Being able to experience Sit & Go’s, a quick seat option, easy-to-use bet slider, cash games and favorite tournaments whenever you’re on the go, your avatar, large buttons for avoiding mistakes, a chat feature during play and a smooth game experience, of course, depending on the internet connection. Some of the 888 Poker app cons include no multi-tabling possibility, no player search, no third-party software and finally, a limited selection of games. For example, the range of games does not include webcam poker tables, which seem like the natural next step since most smartphones have front cameras. You will probably have questions when you will become an 888Poker mobile poker player. If that is the case, click the Contact Us button to send an email. Customer Support is also available 24/7 by phone or live chat. And finally, there’s also a Community section filled with information. Which also includes a forum where you can discuss any unclear issues with other fellow players. Final Thoughts – Use it or Lose It? The verdict is unequivocally, use it. If you love to relax by playing a short mobile poker session every now and then or you just find yourself in different situations throughout your week where you’re forced to be on stand-by with nothing to do, the 888 mobile poker app is a perfect fit for you. Enjoy responsibly!
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Nepotism and cronyism still blight the awards London, UK – 31 December 2016 “Yet again we see what looks like honours for cash, with company bosses who donated to the Tory party receiving prestigious awards. This smacks of cronyism. It corrupts the honours system,” said human rights campaigner Peter Tatchell, who said he would not accept a honour if it was offered. “The Queen has given honours to her postman, hairdresser, pastry chef and flower arranger. This nepotism discredits the honours system and insults recipients of genuine outstanding achievement or who have made personal sacrifices for the benefit of society. “Over the last decade, I have three times been asked if I would be ‘minded’ to accept an OBE, knighthood or peerage if they were offered. I said no. I could never accept an honour because the titles reek of aristocracy and empire, and the system is corrupted when financiers and friends of the Establishment scoop the top awards. “In each case, the caller declined to identify himself or say on whose behalf he was calling. I have no idea if the sounding out was genuine or a tabloid sting. “Nearly all the most prestigious honours go to the rich and powerful. The honours system is mostly the elite rewarding the elite. Ordinary people who have made real sacrifices receive the lesser awards, like the BEM and MBE. “The honours system badly needs reform. It should be cleansed of all aristocratic and imperial titles and be replaced by a simple Order of Britain, with gold, silver and bronze grades depending on the contribution of the individual. “Honours should be restricted to outstanding achievers and those who have made personal sacrifices for the benefit of the public. Party donors, political loyalists and government time-servers should be banned. No one should get a honour for long service in a well paid job.”
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Filippo Di Bari is a pianist and piano teacher based in London, where he is studying for a Master’s Degree at Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance under the tutelage of Gabriele Baldocci. Born in Florence, Italy, Filippo became interested in music at an early age; he studied piano with Sergio De Simone and Fabrizio Lanzoni, and chamber music with Ilaria Maurri. In 2011 he graduated with full marks and highest honors from the Music Conservatory "G. Frescobaldi" of Ferrara. He also studied with Prof. Ann Listokin at the Salem College of Music in Winston-Salem, NC (USA). He took part in several masterclasses of piano, harpsichord, and chamber music by various internationally acclaimed artists such as Benedetto Lupo, Claudio Martinez-Mehner, Martino Tirimo among others. During his studies Filippo has been awarded several scholarships from European institutions ("Circolo dei Negozianti", "Sandro Pertini”, “Leonardo Da Vinci LLP”), and he was prize winner in many piano competitions (first prize at the "F. Polverini piano competition” in Città di Castello, "Premio Crescendo" in Florence, second prize at the "V. Frazzi" in Scandicci, “D. Ridolfi” in Viareggio). Thanks to a scholarship from the European Union, in 2012 he spent five months doing an apprenticeship as visiting musician at the Hochschule für Musik in Basel, Switzerland. His current studies are generously supported by grants from the Trinity Laban Scholarship, the Postgraduate Bursary Fund, and the Henry Wood House Bursary Fund. Filippo enjoys a busy performance schedule, both as a soloist and as a chamber musician/vocal accompanist in various ensembles, in many important venues across Europe. His repertoire goes from Scarlatti and Bach to Ligeti, Berio, and new music. In 2012 he was among the founders of the Ensemble Nuovamusica, with whom he gave première performances of works by living italian composers, under the baton of M° Mauro Bonifacio. In 2008 he performed the Concerto for Piano and Orchestra KV 414 by W. A. Mozart as a soloist accompanied by the Ensemble Bisentium. Besides studying and performing, since 2006 Filippo regularly collaborates with several music institutions in Italy, UK, and across Europe working as a teacher and as an accompanist. A passionate and dedicated piano tutor, he believes that music is the highest form of communication and that it has the power to change people. For this reason, any form of music education, at any age or level, is an invaluable gift for anyone and everyone to enjoy. Comment Wall (1 comment) You need to be a member of Akouson Classical to add comments!
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Another of our fall season varsity teams is making its mark in the CIFSS playoffs. Our varsity football team earned the Saints their first ever playoff victory, defeating Calvary Baptist 62-20. The team moves on to the second round and will take on Joshua Springs in Joshua Springs on Friday, Nov 11, at 7:00 P.M. The varsity boys’ football team began the CIFSS Div.2 8-Man football playoffs on Friday night November 4. The boys won their first round match-up against Calvary Baptist 62-20, giving the Saints their first ever playoff victory! This game was a true team win with touchdowns being scored by six different players. Quarterback Ryan Hagge completed 6-10 passes for 180 yards and 4 TD’s. Three of those TD’s went to Troy Brown who had 4 catches for 131 yards. Rushing TD’s were scored by Cody Timm, Eric Weckbacher, Josh Walters and Troy Brown. Chris Alballat intercepted two passes during the game and returned 79 yards for a TD and led the defense with 8 tackles. The team moves on to the second round of the CIFSS playoffs will take on Joshua Springs in Joshua Springs on Friday 11/11 at 7:00. COME OUT AND SUPPORT OUR SAINTS!
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The Other Side is a cinematic wargame by Wyrd Miniatures that combines streamlined rules with the tough, tactical decisions and ruthless combat that are a staple of modern miniature gaming. Players take control of a company of troops ranging from powerful commanders to massive titans to rank and file squads. The Other Side miniatures come preassembled, which means you can go directly from the box to the table. Why use Kickstarter? Wyrd has invested in The Other Side independently for a number of years, dedicating resources into game design, art, and sculpting. We've playtested the rules thoroughly and done tests for model production, including trying new molding technologies. At this stage, most of the models are sculpted, but the goal of this Kickstarter is to ensure the game debuts as it should: with a large selection of high quality miniatures available from the start. In order to accomplish this, we need help from our great community and backers like you. This Kickstarter will help to offset the large cost of production on a project of this scope, allowing us to deliver the detailed, dynamic miniatures you want. Our pledge levels are designed to provide backers with what they need to get started while offering flexibility in their initial investment. At the Champion Level (below), you can start the game for $99 with a softcover rulebook and an Allegiance Box, which includes: one Commander, three Squads, Tactics tokens for your Allegiance, stat cards, bases, a Fate Deck, and a measuring tape. This is enough to play a full one Commander game (see the Gameplay section for more details). You will be able to choose from the listed Allegiance boxes. The Commander Pledge Level (below) includes a softcover rulebook, an Allegiance Box of your choice (see Champion level for the contents), the Titan for your chosen Allegiance (on a 120mm base), and all Commander level free Stretch Goals. This Pledge Level gives everything you need to play a one Commander game with the added flexibility of having a Titan to field in your games. The Dual Commander Pledge Level (below) includes two rulebooks, two Allegiance Boxes of your choice (see Champion level for the contents), the two Titans for your chosen Allegiances, and two of all Commander level free Stretch Goals. This is the ideal entry point for two players, giving you everything two people need to play one Commander games against each other with the flexibility included by adding a Titan to their forces. We also have the Tyrant Pledge Level available for $500. This gives the backer 4x Allegiance Boxes, 4x Titans, 1x Rulebook, and 1x Commander level free Stretch Goals. If that Stretch Goal is a free miniature, we'll give you one for each of the Allegiance you chose! This Pledge Level is perfect for the player who wants all the Allegiances! In addition, everyone who backs at the Champion level and above will be able to join the final stretch of playtesting for The Other Side, getting a chance to weigh in on game balance and rules clarity. Want more than one Pledge Level? No problem! Add the cost of the pledge level to your pledge, and we will get it added via BackerKit after the Kickstarter has ended. *Art and sculpts above may not be final. Wyrd strongly believes in The Other Side. We are translating the rules and stat cards into six additional languages, which will be available at retail release. The available languages at launch are: French, German, Italian, Polish, Russian, and Spanish. This is in addition to English. The rules and stat cards will be translated and made available as a free PDF download. We are only translating the rules and stat cards (not the background, stories, etc) at this time. The Other Side features two types of stretch goals: financial goals and social goals! Financial Stretch Goals Every pledge we receive gives us the opportunity to release even more for the game! When our total pledged amount hits certain levels, the corresponding stretch goal below will unlock. Some of these Stretch Goals include freebies depending on your pledge level! We have updated the map below, showing all the freebies available at the Commander level and above! Below is a more detailed list of each Stretch Goal that has been reached! Unlocked goals are generally available as project add ons, though some also contain freebies. The freebies are available to Commander level backers (and Dual Commander backers get 2x the freebies)! Social Stretch Goals One of the great things about playing a wargame is the community. Playing with friends and meeting new people (and trying to defeat them in game) is part of the excitement of the game. Because of this, we want to encourage community growth. When we hit the conditions listed below, we will add the corresponding stretch goal to the listed backers. Get the word out! - If there are at least 15 podcasts with episodes focused on The Other Side with links posted on our forum in the appropriate thread, we will do Breachside Broadcasts featuring The Other Side story and offer them free online. - If the combined total of likes of our Facebook post advertising the Kickstarter and retweets advertising this Kickstarter reaches 5,000 or more, every Backer at the Commander level will get a free Allegiance patch with their rewards. - If the combined total of likes of our Facebook post advertising the Kickstarter and retweets advertising this Kickstarter reaches 10,000 or more, every Backer at the Commander level will get a free Allegiance t-shirt with their rewards. *Art and sculpts above may not be final. Regardless of your pledge level, you can add any of the items listed below to your pledge by increasing your pledge amount the corresponding amount. We'll confirm the specifics of what you want on BackerKit after the Kickstarter ends. *Art and sculpts above may not be final. MSRP prices are estimates. Add ons may not come in final packaging. The Other Side gameplay focuses on company-scale combat. Its streamlined rules are easy to pick up but provide a wealth of tactical decisions to defeat your enemies. Featuring alternating activations, the gameplay keeps you in the action in a constantly evolving battlefield. The Other Side features the use of a deck of cards, called a Fate Deck, to resolve conflict. By utilizing random flips and a hand of cards, The Other Side gives players a high level of control over the outcomes of their actions. Gameplay is focused on cinematic combat, focusing on exciting game effects rather than debilitating status conditions. Units can go to Glory, heightening their combat potential, and players can take advantage of Stratagems to impact the battlefield in significant ways. More information can be found in our videos below. You can also learn most of the gameplay rules from the video below: The game can be played with a variable number of Commanders, which changes both the size of the game and the time it takes to play. At the beginning of every game, the players decide how many Commanders they wish to use in the game. In a one Commander game, each side will field forces of around 30 models, though this number varies based on the cost of the units chosen (Titans, for example, will lower the overall model count). Each of our Allegiance boxes contain all the models you need to play a full one Commander game! In a two Commander game, each side will field forces of approximately 45 models, varying widely based on unit choices. A player who fields multiple Titans may find themselves with far fewer, while a player who focuses on cheap units may find they have more. At two Commanders, a game will take approximately two hours to play. Only Commanders in the Other Side are unique, allowing players to field their favorite units multiple times or to branch out and bring different units. This includes the massive Titans, allowing for very diverse forces on the tabletop. You can check out two of your playtesters live-streaming their matches below. - 2 Commander King's Empire versus Gibbering Hordes - 1 Commander Allegiance Box Abyssinia versus Cult of the Burning Man All painted miniatures in the video were painted by Den of Imagination. Check out their great offerings! *Art and sculpts above may not be final. Fireteam bases are not final and have been adjusted to be thinner. The miniatures for The Other Side come preassembled, featuring amazing sculpts that appeal to hobbyists and gamers alike. It's never been so easy to get into a miniatures game! These miniatures use a custom blend of PVC to create high quality, heroic 32mm scale miniatures. Breaking out of the standard creation process for PVC miniatures, we are digitally cutting our miniatures and using a new type of mold to shoot the best miniatures we can. Below is a look at some of our early test sculpts and the concepts they were born from. All painted miniatures above were painted by Den of Imagination. Check out their great offerings! The minis seen above were early test runs, and our final production miniatures are of even higher quality. We have a video of these unpainted figures below, giving you a sense of the quality of the miniatures for this game. Many of our models are part of multi-model Fireteam bases. Not only do these provide an easy way to move models around the table, but they also offer great basing opportunities for hobbyists. Here is a look at a final product of the Yarazi in Update #13. You can also check out all of the renders for this Kickstarter's models over on our webpage! Players can create their own scenic or narrative bases using the larger Fireteam bases, blending the model bases into the larger Fireteam base. Each unit in The Other Side brings a great potential to the table, all without the need to assemble your own minis! We are also aware that preassembled miniatures aren't for everyone. Though we won't offer unassembled Other Side models to retail, we will make unassembled version of the units available on our webstore some time after the game goes to retail, giving players who prefer to do assembly the chance to do so. *Art and sculpts above may not be final. Wyrd strongly supports physical, 'brick and mortar' retailers. We understand the importance of community and having a safe, fun place to enjoy games. We are offering a special Retail Only pledge level to provide you, the retailer, an option to get in on the ground floor. If you back using the Retail Only Pledge Level, you will be required to provide proof of your retail status and that you have a physical storefront. If you do not, your pledge will not be refunded to you and will be considered a donation (thanks!). This level is limited to one Pledge per store location. Our Retail Only Pledge ($50) gives you two random Allegiance Boxes. These are full retail, production boxes of the game. They include everything you need to demo the game in your store and show your customers the quality of the product. With this Kickstarter, you'll be able to do this before placing an order through distribution so you can make an informed decision if this is the right product for your store and community. But it doesn't stop there! We are working with distributors to bring you, the store, the most value we can to ensure that you are getting what you want from this Kickstarter and what you want from this game. Those retailers that support this Kickstarter will get a special retailer kit with their reward that will include all the information they need to make an informed decision about stocking The Other Side. It will also include information on how retailers who backed this Kickstarter can, with their initial order on the game's wide launch, gain access to special edition miniatures and additional promotional items -- an offer only available to those who Pledged to this Kickstarter! The information and special offer for backers will ensure that your store and growing community, via the distributors*, will be able to tailor your wants and interests with Other Side products, including items that would otherwise not be available for sale to the general public. We would like to heartily thank all of the distributors listed below for partnering with Wyrd in this unique endeavor to work closer with the retail community. Thank you! Wyrd will continue to create additional releases for The Other Side beyond the Kickstarter, ensuring that stores have exciting new products to promote sales beyond the initial Kickstarter offering. *You must choose a distributor from the list provided, and it is from them that you will receive your Retail Pledge. If you do not see your distributor listed, feel free to have them contact us directly. Once the campaign has concluded, actual shipping costs will be available in BackerKit based on your pledge level, add ons, and freebie stretch goals. Please remember that your shipping costs are not included in your pledge! You will be responsible for paying shipping costs and any local taxes or customs that may be incurred, but we are utilizing fulfillment houses to send rewards to backers. We will use as many fulfillment houses around the world as we realistically can, allowing us to minimize shipping expenses for our backers. We believe that utilizing BackerKit and fulfillment houses will allow us to deliver this project quickly, accurately, and at minimal costs to our backers. We will not sell any Other Side products until after backer rewards have begun shipping. Please see the Terms and Conditions below for more information. Risks and challenges As with any project, there are risks and challenges. We have run successful Kickstarters before (with a bump or two in the road), and we are hoping to improve on the backer experience with this Kickstarter. We are going to stay in touch and have regular communication throughout this Kickstarter (at least twice a week during and once a week after it has ended) so the backers know where the project stands. Our primary risks and challenges come from manufacturing. We have been working with many talented artists and sculptors in order to bring The Other Side to life. We have also been working with the manufacturer to ensure that we have the high-quality miniatures you expect, while also meeting our delivery deadlines. Having successfully produced plastic miniatures before, notably for the Malifaux game line, we are well aware of the challenges present in manufacturing. With this knowledge, we believe that we can bypass any normal pitfalls in production and get The Other Side into backers hands without any delays. The other risks and challenges for the game stem from ensuring that all of our backers have a compelling and fun game to play with their miniatures for years to come. It is important to us that we create great miniatures and great gameplay. This includes continuing to expand the game beyond Kickstarter, including adding new Allegiances to grow the game and the world. Using our development team and the help of incredibly talented playtesters, The Other Side rules have been in development for well over a year and have grown and changed into the game that it is today. Our playtesters are excited, and we are locking down the gameplay to focus on balance, ensuring competitive gameplay for our backers. We have the knowledge and talent to successfully bring The Other Side to our backers and the market via this Kickstarter, and we hope that you'll join us in making this the best game possible. Refunds requested within 30 days of the campaign's end are made via Stripe to your credit card, fees included. Refunds requested after 30 days of the campaign's end are made via Paypal, less fees (Kickstarter and payment processing). No refunds will be available within six weeks of our shipping date. TERMS AND CONDITIONS As noted, all game assets (including art, sculpts, cards, rules, etc.) are not final. They may change from what is seen on this Kickstarter. You must provide us an accurate and complete address to ship your rewards to, as well as keep us apprised of any changes. This address must be one that regional postal services are able to deliver to. You are responsible for all shipping fees, including any associated customs or taxes. You will be sent a notice to confirm your address and pay shipping charges (these shipping charges have no bearing on any taxes or customs your locality may charge), and your reward will not be sent until this is completed. Failure to complete confirm in a timely manner may result in a significant delay in shipping your rewards, as well as the possibility that your rewards will ship from the United States instead of through our local hubs. You understand that all shipping dates are an estimate, and that different backers may receive their rewards at different times due to shipping differences between locations.Learn about accountability on Kickstarter - (37 days)
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covers | June 18, 2013 A live performance of Daft Punk’s Doin’ It Right, recorded with original sounds and projections, done in a single take by musician Jack Conte. Though he does have the help of a robot to play his QuNeo MIDI controller. Go BTS here. Home | About | Suggest | Contact | Team | Links | Privacy | DisclosureAdvertise | Facebook | Twitter | Pinterest | Sites We Like Awesome Stuff: The Awesomer | Gadgets, Games & Geeks: Technabob | Cool Cars: 95Octane Site Design & Content © 2008-2021 Awesomer Media / The Awesomer™ Visit our Friends at: Not Always Right
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During this program Mark interviews Marika Zimmerman, a member of the Secular Order of Carmel in Dayton, Ohio. Marika is preparing to make her temporary promise this year. Mark explores with her the details of her Catholic upbringing, what brought her to Carmel and a discussion about some of her favorite Saints. They also discuss the topic of prayer and how prayer matures as we begin to make progress in Carmelite Spirituality. Born Lucien Bunel in 1900, Pere Jacques became a Discalced Carmelite and was one of the individuals who undertook efforts to help the Jewish people during the Nazi occupation of France in WWII. He was arrested and spend time in 4 of the most dreaded concentration camps. Known to be a fine preacher and teacher, he had much to teach us about life, love, mercy, prayer, suffering, and about the body and soul. He said: “the greatest proof of trust you could give God is to accept from the depths of your heart, that His will be done in you, no matter what it be.” He lived this out in a very profound way. On this program Mark and Frances speak again about the importance of Mary in the life of St Raphael Kalinowski. They also discuss the role he played in helping to bring unity between the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox churches. Finally, they discuss how St. Kalinowski was actually a forerunner for the teachings of the Second Vatican Council. Primarily his teaching on the significance of the Evangelical Counsels is explained. Furthermore, the importance of the Evangelical Counsels is discussed as a central theme in a life of holiness.
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fix you gags fore go to garrits please? !!!!!!! What does that mean? How when the cu k dos I yet u Went to gas station for smokes. three cops pulled in. got gas i didn't need. found diff gas station. What do you think that old couple was thinking when they saw me puking in the QT parking lot at ten in the morning? last night i was so high that when a homeless person asked me for a dollar, i responded: dolla dolla bill ya'll. 29 Of The Most Hilarious And Embarrassing Walks Of Shame Ever i have more money on itunes than i do in my bank account... college. come find me. Outside the bar we were just in waving my syringe in the air The police woke me up so they had no choice but to see my morning wood. Yeah. I've decided no relationship can survive me shoving my boobs in the guys face Why is your name written on my hand surrounded by hearts and a bartenders phone number? These 23 Dudes Get Giddy From Dem Titties pretty sure tht was the guy who once went to the club dressed as waldo. he still looks weirdly fuckable. He wanted me to strip for him. I told him that we aren't at that serious of a fuck buddy relationship yet After sex he cried I didn't know what to do so I patted him on the back and went to the kitchen to make waffles i don't know man... i just want to listen to John Lennon every time i finish fucking her. is this love? I think it's safe to assume that dad heard you lose your lesbian virginity last night She is 6 months pregnant and gets more action at bars than I do.
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A direct sequel to 2014’s Godzilla, and the third entry into the MonsterVerse after Kong: Skull Island, Godzilla II: King of the Monsters is a 2019 kaiju-action film directed by Michael Dougherty. Vera Farmiga stars as Dr Emma Russell, a scientist working with the organisation Monarch to study the various so-called Titans across the globe. Emma’s daughter, Madison (Millie Bobby Brown, Stranger Things) assists, as the notorious bio-terrorist Alan Jonah (Charles Dance) seeks to release the monsters for his own reasons. Kyle Chandler, Ken Watanabe and Zhang Ziyi also join the cast as Dr Mark Russell, Dr Ishiro Serizawa and Dr Chen, respectively. + the biggest and best improvement over the first movie is that the monsters are not hidden in this one. Yes, the fight environments are still either in storms or darkness, but I think that only helped the atmosphere. Seeing Godzilla’s tail and spine light up blue in broad daylight just would not have had the same effect. On a similar note, simply seeing Ghidorah (my personal favourite), Rodan and Mothra, among others, on screen for the first time in a Western Godzilla movie is something special. Of special note is the way all three of Ghidorah’s heads have different personalities. Mothra really is the perfect woman + the film is full of maximum hype moments, whether it be the first face off between Ghidorah and Godzilla, or an incredible aerial fight with Rodan and the United States military. Along with the soundtrack (see below) there is little reason you won’t be grinning ear to ear or want to fist pump the air at almost every moment + the movie has an incredible soundtrack. Bear McCreary (Black Sails, 2018’s God of War) has put together some of the best score you will ever hear, simultaneously breaking new ground and paying homage to those classic Godzilla motifs + there is some truly phenomenal CGI cinematography (if that makes any sense) If you thought that show of Daenerys and Drogon in the final Game of Thrones episode was good, you’ll lose you mind at some of this stuff – I was not a fan of how prominent the humans were in the 2014 film (but interestingly, didn’t mind it at all in Shin Godzilla). In this outing, there is still too much focus on humans, who are either underdeveloped or have unclear motivations. I understand the need for some human drama to break up the CGI slug-fest, but Charles Dance was supremely under utilised > Rodan really is a little bitch, isn’t he? He reminds me of Starscream > Was that lakefront cabin in this film the same one Tony Stark and Pepper Potts lived in in Avengers: Endgame? Should you see this film: I cannot stress how much I loved this. I was looking forward to this movie more than almost anything recently, and in my fanboy brain, it delivered in spades. It’s a little bit cheesy, it’s full of CGI and it’s relatively predictable, but that’s what Godzilla should be, and this movie knows that.
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Galleries are now just a hop, skip and jump away in Brooklyn with the the smART Brooklyn Gallery Hop. On Dec. 14 from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m., 64 Brooklyn art galleries will offer exhibitions and refreshments, as well as a chance for visitors to learn more about Brooklyn’s expanding art scene, with free buses that run through four different gallery districts, allowing participants to hop on and off the bus within each line’s loop. Buses will be staffed with art docents offering smART tip sheets about collecting and buying art. “As home to some of the greatest art museums and cultural institutions in the world, we all know that Brooklyn is the Creative Capital of New York City,” says Borough President Marty Markowitz, who launched the initiative. “But our neighborhoods also feature smaller galleries–many showcasing the work of emerging Brooklyn artists–and I invite art lovers of every stripe to get out and enjoy our lively art scene. There’s no better time than the smART Brooklyn Gallery Hop, to get on the bus, raise your ‘art I.Q.,’ and maybe even purchase work by the next Jeff Koons or Jackson Pollack. And just in time for holiday gift giving!” Participants can visit galleries in the Gold Loop: DUMBO, Downtown Brooklyn, and Red Hook; the Red Loop: Fort Greene, Clinton Hill, and Bedford-Stuyvesant; the Green Loop: Crown Heights, Park Slope, Gowanus, Sunset Park, and Flatbush; and the Blue Loop: Bushwick, Greenpoint and Williamsburg. The smART Brooklyn Gallery Hop is a collaborative effort between the public and private sectors working to advance local economic development and increase awareness and support of the arts. To reserve a seat on the bus, you must register by phone at 718-802-3530 or email smart@visi
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Fitness models in porn Mom son watch porn The Biggest Collection Around! Sit back and enjoy thousands of photos and videos of nude fit girls and sexy gym bunnies masturbating, having gym sex, doing sports naked, working out nude, taking naked yoga classes. The best Nude. Fitness model porn porno fitness model. She is sizzling, gorgeous Delhi. Mahajangirl8. 173 views. Blowjob. Brunette. Cam. Casting. Compilation. Hot Dry Hump Grindinng - ChiChi. Recent videos can be watched on PussySpace. Com. You will see a passionate fitnessrooms gym movies on XXL hardcore collection. V : RU. Lang : en. Watch Long Flash Videos for FREE. Search. Top. Sex with trainer 2. (26 min) 301,154 hits. Bikini SEXy Workouts funny amateur.
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'One man's Bastardly journey from loser to user' Failed as a writer, broke and living like a scumbag, Marcus Bliss's real life story is a sordid and often hilarious account of how he transformed his downbeat fortunes to enjoy staggering success seducing women. He wooed them on internet dating sites, wowed them on first dates and won their hearts and souls. His extraordinary mastery took him swiftly to bedrooms and beyond as he plied his devilish techniques on some of the world's most eligible and beautiful women. Over the years, he travelled the world, lived off girlfriends, and won the adoration of scores of gullible females. Now, for the first time, Bliss reveals his darkest secrets as to how he became the Complete Bastard of Seduction. Learn his easy-to-use strategies and dating skills and you too will beat the best at online dating. Stop losing out on love and discover: • Cunning ways to boost your dating confidence • Cheats for creating that killer online profile • Fail proof flirting techniques for any guy • Top tips and tricks for successful seduction • The key to getting her to fall in love • How to profit from your conquests • Sinful secrets for not getting caught Follow one man's Bastardly journey as he goes from loser to user in Date Her, Dupe Her, Dump Her: The Complete Bastard's Guide to Online Dating and Beyond. You can read this item using any of the following Kobo apps and devices:
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05 June 2009 chocolate is raw (or at least it can be) Finally, clover&clutch's online shop is back up, and now we're shipping with ice packs to protect the chocolates. But, it's even better than ever because now we've got a more complete line of raw chocolates! That's right, raw chocolates. Each of these delicious confections is made using only raw ingredients such as raw cacao, raw agave, raw nuts and nut butters and fresh raw juices. Of course, the ingredients are never heated above 110 F to preserve all their nutritious benefits. And, oh, are they delicious! In fact, I think I prefer the raw ones to the regular ones. Check out the full line here.
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First of all, the Crown must prove that the police officer was doing his job and acting pursuant to a lawful purpose. Once this has been proven, it must be shown that the accused person was able to successfully keep the police officer from carrying out the officer’s duty and that the officer’s work was affected by this obstruction. If a person accidentally obstructed the police officer in any way possible, that person would not be found guilty of obstruction. Contact Our Criminal Defence Team to Get the Answers You Need Our law firm has offices in Toronto (North York), Kitchener, London, and Windsor to help clients throughout Ontario start building their strongest possible defence as soon as possible. Contact Kruse Law Firm today to set up a free consultation. We will provide you with our legal advice, review the court process for your case, and carefully outline your options. Our quote for legal fees will be in writing so there will be no surprises for you. You will be under absolutely no obligation to retain us, and you will at least receive free legal advice.
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The Families Helping Families Food Pantry is here to provide assistance with a physical need for food and a spiritual need for Jesus. All are welcome to come to visit the Food Pantry. Clients are accepted and provided food regardless of citizenship, race, social or economic status, national origin, or religion. Requirements: Please bring your picture ID and $10 donation to receive assistance. Your donation allows you to “shop” for the items within the pantry. Although we ask for a donation which is needed to fund the ministry, if you are unable to donate, you will receive a blessing box of food. Blessing boxes are only available once a month and one per household. Hours of Operation: Every Thursday: 10:00 AM—12:00 PM (except holidays) 1st & 3rd Thursday of each month 6:00 PM—8:00 PM (except Holidays) 1st Saturday of every month 10:00 AM—12:00 PM (except holidays and the month of October) Location: 4010 HWY 138 SW, Stockbridge GA, 30281. Follow the “Food Pantry” signs to the pantry at the rear of the building.
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The following photo, recently captured in the Desert Botanical Garden (where else!!) and, after discovering its “name,” it certainly has the look of a grey-hair old man, minus the old man facial features! This cactus grows at high altitudes in the Andes Mountains (as its name suggests). Supposedly it is frost resistant AND “does not like the hot desert sun” which does not make sense to me since it is currently growing IN the desert! Its silver hairs are grown to protect it from harsh winter conditions; very sharp thorns can be found underneath it silver hairs.
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Cameron Douglas' Sentence is Upheld in NY Court Douglas Received Longest-Ever Sentence of 5 Extra Years in Prison for Relapse Ruling Flies in Face of Nation's Leading Medical and Substance Abuse Experts Who Signed Amicus Brief That Adequate Treatment, Not More Jail Time, is a Better Solution for Both the Individual and Society as a Whole A federal appeals court in New York has upheld a judge's decision to nearly double the five-year prison sentence given to the son of actor Michael Douglas. Cameron Douglas was sentenced in 2010 to five years in prison after pleading guilty to narcotics distribution as part of a cooperation deal. But after Douglas committed drug infractions in prison, Judge Richard Berman boosted the sentence by an additional five years in late 2011. The ruling to confirm the sentence flies in the face of a wide array of New York State’s and the nation’s leading medical and substance abuse treatment authorities challenging what may be the longest-ever federal prison sentence imposed for the simple possession of drugs for personal use behind bars. The unprecedented, nearly five year prison sentence for simple drug possession was meted out last year to Cameron Douglas. In their brief, the medical experts contend that Mr. Douglas’ drug relapse behind bars is not surprising, particularly given the fact that he, like so many other inmates suffering from addiction in American prisons and jails, are not provided any meaningful drug treatment during their incarceration. The brief argues that adequate treatment, not more jail time, is a better solution for both the individual and society as a whole. “Mr. Douglas's case, and his draconian sentence, underscore how our federal drug laws have departed so dramatically from medicine, reason, public health and common sense,” said Daniel Abrahamson, Director of Legal Affairs for the Drug Policy Alliance and organizer of the amicus brief. “ Those laws, and our prisons which fail to provide adequate treatment and rehabilitation services, cause as much or greater devastation to individuals, families and communities than drug use and abuse.” Brief of Amici Curiae in support of Appellant, Cameron Douglas: http://www.drugpolicy.org/resource/brief-amici-curiae-support-appellant-... Contact: Tony Newman 646-335-5384
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Re: K-12 highschool I don't use a cyber school but I do have some friends who use them and I also go to their info sessions. I know a few materials from K12 also. Like others have said you may love it or you may hate it or some where in between. It depends on the cyber, their requirements and what kind of student you have. I personally don't use a cyber because I know I would struggle w/ their demands. Others LOVE accountability and love all of the resources they get from the cyber. They provide you w/ all the materials and lots of support. They are also pretty good for advanced students allowing them to move up (from what I heard). My suggestion is to go to their info sessions and to try to meet up w/ parents who use this particular cyber in your area. Try to see if it can work for your family. Don't worry about your DD not liking it because if you decide it isn't a good fit you can withdraw and go back to what you were doing. Best wishes and keep us posted!
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Hello everyone! Today, I wanted to share with y’all my 2nd assessment Film for University. This task was to create a 30-second short film but to make it more challenging – it must be only three shots long! “Highland Fighters” is a video game come to life as two clans battle it out over supremacy and rights to all the land. Who wins? Watch to find out!
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We love it with... Julia is rated out of 5 by 13. Rated 5 out of 5 by Caroline Vance from By far my favorite Julep color I love the concept of glitter but most glitter polish is clear with specks of glitter which requires an undercoat of a different color And most glitter polish is really hard to remove Those of you who have spent endless minutes rubbing your nails to get the glitter off know what Im talking about This polish goes on smooth not bumpy like other glitter polishes it is a full coverage color doesnt require an undercoat and has an amazing quality of appearing different colors in different light This polish truly goes with everything Pretty sparkly yet understated and not garish I hope Julep comes out with more colors like this one Date published: 2013-05-21 Rated 4 out of 5 by Karen Copen from Julia is great with other colors Julia is more of a super fine microglitter in an orchid jelly base than it is metallic That said it is very beautiful but it does require three coats to achieve full coverage Dont let the picture of this one deceive you Julia looks nothing like this picture when it is on your nails The consistency of this polish is a little on the thin side which is absolutely perfect for working with Julia is best served as a top dressing for a coordinating not contrasting color such as a rich black like Brandt or a smoky violet creme like Charlotte Date published: 2013-05-21 Rated 5 out of 5 by AndyG from One of the greatest Julep polishes of all time! This is by far one of my favourite Julep polishes I've ever received. The photos on the website cannot do it justice! It is a beautiful shade of purple with a gold shimmer to it; It's like raw silk in a bottle. A must have. Date published: 2013-09-21 Rated 5 out of 5 by Carrie from Great flash without teeth gnashing during removal! I ordered this color as an add on to my first Maven box and I'm so glad I did. This formula is so versatile; it can act as a top coat to embellish another color or can act as a stand alone polish with different effects depending on how many coats you use. I really appreciate that this one product can do so many things. The formula is smooth, easy to apply and easy to remove while still giving me the satisfaction of a glitter polish. Date published: 2013-07-03 Rated 5 out of 5 by Corey from Glittery Perfection! I adore Julia! This color is so pretty to look at, I couldn't take my eyes off of my hands! It took me three coats to reach an opacity level I was happy with (some people may have gone for a fourth coat but I didn't want to waste polish.) The glitter in this is AMAZING though. It's sooo pretty in the light. When you look at it in the bottle you almost can't tell what the base color is, but when it's on your nails and you're looking at it in the light you can see the layers of glitter and purple. Not a color to miss out on! Date published: 2013-10-23 Powered By Girlfriends We donate a portion of the proceeds to organizations that support women through our Powered by Girlfriends program.
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On 1-23-2010, I downloaded the all the code for this book. After unzipping the files, I used VS2005 Professional to open the solution for chapter 17. The solution loaded and I could view the various components in Solution Explorer. However when I tried to run the solution ... CTL+F5 ... a list of errors displayed. It appers that this book is using an out of date style for HTML coding. Do not buy this book if you want to learn current web programming techniques. You will waste your time (as I have just done).
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https://p2p.wrox.com/book-beginning-visual-basic-2005-isbn-978-0-7645-7401-6/77910-chapter-17-will-not-run.html
2020-07-05T23:52:17Z
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Suicide bombers eternal demise, extremists, gullible murders of the innocent New Zealand lyrical poem/blog on NZ, Aotearoa, Unveil those Smiles! face veils, the veil, burka's, smiles, faces of women, mutual communications, burqa, burkha, burka or burqua baby boomers generation passing by, baby boomers and 21st century will judge our style, satirical poetry/blog, over religious zealots, who door knock to try to spread their un-enlightened version of reality.
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CC-MAIN-2014-41
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2014-09-22T11:03:41Z
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Are you a woman who thinks learning Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu for women is an optional skill set that tends to be resting at the bottom of your bucket list? Well, that should not be the case. It’s not like you only have to learn these skills to protect yourself in a scenario when you are being assaulted or harassed. In reality, there are many other aspects of learning this skill. Let’s have a look at some of them so that you are better aware of how essential it is for every woman to consider learning them as soon as possible. Self-defense in this perilous time is crucial for every woman. No one is always present with you to protect you if something bad happens. It is better if women start learning the ways to keep themselves protected when they are alone. Brazilian jiu-jitsu women’s self-defense is extremely helpful in this regard as you get to learn all the steps that are needed for your defense. A woman having her self-defense ability can easily carry out all her outdoor and indoor chores without worrying about her safety as she becomes her own hero needing no one else to protect herself. A woman who knows how to protect herself is more confident and empowered than the women who are vulnerable and need someone by their side to protect them. If you want to feel more empowered and strong, search’ women jiu jitsu classes near me‘ today and enroll yourself for a better future. At times when women are working at the same level as men, they should also feel empowered knowing that they can protect themselves on their own. Jiu Jitsu not only provides a woman with a sense of empowerment, confidence, and safety, but it also induces positive energy. It is an ancient form of martial arts that is a source of stress relief and calmness for women who are struggling with stress and tension issues. This dynamic technique provides a perfect combination of physical and mental exercises that help women fight their daily stresses and ensure a balanced and stress-free life. So if you want to lead a balanced and happy life, consider incorporating jiu-jitsu women’s self-defense classes in your life and see a healthy change in yourself. It can be very frustrating when you can not go out on your own due to safety and security issues. Always depending on someone else to accompany you can be very irritating. Your issue can easily be sorted out if you search ‘women jiu jitsu near me‘ and learn how to keep yourself safe and protect yourself if something bad happens. After you learn your self-defense, you won’t be dependent on someone for all your tasks. This feeling of freedom is priceless and can boost your self-confidence too. The physical and mental skills you learn in these classes will give you the confidence to protect not only yourself but your loved ones too. It’s time women should get up, stop being weak and dependent on others, and learn how to protect themselves. There are many academies teaching Jiu Jitsu to women, but you should choose one that has highly professional experts knowing the right methods of teaching. One of the best academies in Dubai is Activolution sports academy. We believe in empowering women and providing them the confidence to have success in their future endeavors. Get in touch with us today and register yourself to learn the best skill for your life.
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Dark•Matter discuss (3 posts) Author: Wolfgang Baur with Monte Cook Release Date: November 1999 Page count: 256 Summary Coming Soon Tiplogin required to post to the discussion forum © Alternity.Net & AlternityRPG.Net 1999 to 2019. All Rights Reserved. Alternity™ owned by WotC.
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CC-MAIN-2019-09
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2019-02-17T20:36:44Z
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UK Today News: Facebook email address service aka “Project Titan” to be launched, say reports As Google announces salary hike for it’s employees, unconfirmed reports say Facebook users can have their very own email address soon. This new launch aka “Project Titan”, is set to give some tough competition to current free e-mail providers like Gmail, Hotmail, Yahoo and Rediff. Photo: AP Photo/Paul Sakuma Social networking giant the Facebook boasts of a membership of over 500 million and after the introduction of the e-mail service, the membership is expected to rise even more. According to reports, the company is scheduled to host a special event regarding the launch in San Francisco, on Monday. Facebook will either announce its own e-mail address, which will be like- @facebook .com or the company may even launch a full- fledged email system. Since there is little known about it, the possibility is that this new service might be available only to existing Facebook users. These reports will be clarified only when the news is made official. There is no confirmation regarding the matter from Facebook as of now.
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http://uktodaynews.com/10463/facebook-email-address-service-aka-project-titan-to-be-launched-say-reports/
2017-03-30T22:43:12Z
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TEHRAN, Young Journalists Club (YJC) -A report by The Guardian newspaper on Wednesday showed that the British army had sent a military magazine to teenage gamers, calling on them to join its ranks. The report said army recruiters had allegedly arranged for the glossy magazine, called The Locker, to be distributed with the latest issue of a PlayStation publication in February. The Locker included information on lifestyle and details on how to join the army, said the report, adding that the magazine also contained direct pleas from the army in the form of images and articles encouraging the minors to join the military’s ranks. The British army has been struggling to recruit from a new generation of the British youth who are mostly disinterested in the country’s expanding military missions around the world. Rights campaigners had previously criticized army’s policy to seek recruitment from socially-odd groups such as addicted gamers and internet savvy teenagers. “It is distressing to see the British Army use a gaming magazine as a vehicle to advertise army recruitment,” said Charlotte Cooper, UK research and campaign officer at Child Soldiers International. Cooper said teenagers receiving The Locker could be easily influenced by the content and style of the magazine, adding that it was a dishonest gesture of the army to draw comparisons between gaming environment and military activity. “Comparing a military environment to playing a games console is frankly ridiculous and disingenuous, and gives young people no sense of the risks involved in a military career,” she said. Many believe the declining public interest in joining the British army is mainly a result of the country’s vast contribution to wars in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past decades which left thousands of members of the armed forces killed, injured or mentally unfit to continue a normal life.
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Congratulations! You’ve officially submitted your college applications! You should feel proud and relieved, like a big weight has been lifted off your shoulders, right? The question is now what happens? What can you expect to hear back from colleges? Well, four things can occur. One, you can be accepted into the college. If this happens, you have until May 1st to make a decision whether to enroll or not. You can visit the college again, talk to current students and faculty, and wait to see what kinds of scholarships of financial aid packages you’ll get to help you decide whether or not to attend. Just make sure not to miss the deadline to send in your deposit. You don’t want your spot going to someone else! Second, you can be rejected from the college. In that case there is nothing much you can do. While you can always try to call the admissions office and inquire as to why you were rejected, most won’t offer you a specific reason. They’ll most likely tell you that they had a very competitive applicant pool and there were just not enough spots for everyone. If this happens, it’s okay! Look at the other schools you’ve applied to and what they offer. You can have a great experience wherever you go. Third, you may be waitlisted. If you are put on a waitlist it means that you are on the college’s radar but you are not their first option. Thus, if enough students who are offered admission, decline to accept, colleges will go to their waitlist to build the incoming class. If you are put on the waitlist, you can usually find out if the college has gone to their waitlist to accept students in the past. You can also call the college and reaffirm that you want to remain on the list, and you will accept if you are offered a spot. You could also follow up with a letter emphasizing how much you want to go there and any new information that might improve your chances of getting accepted. Fourth, you may be deferred. If you are applying Early Decision or Early Action, this means that your application goes back in the pool for regular decision applicants, and it will be reassessed at that time. If you are applying regular decisions, and get deferred, it may mean that the admissions office needs more information before making their final decision. This could be missing information from you application, or additional test scores or final course grades. If you are deferred, call the admissions office to find out as much as you can about the reason. Your guidance counselor can also make a phone call to find out any additional information that may improve your chances of getting in. Whether you are accepted, denied, waitlisted, or deferred, make sure you are on top of things with getting your deposit in or sending in additional information. Even if you don’t get into your first choice school, your college experience is what you make out of it. You’ll have a great experience no matter what college you choose as long as you are open to it. Source: Acing the College Application by Michele A. Hernández, Ed.D.
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CC-MAIN-2018-51
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2018-12-11T12:03:39Z
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Ever since 1889 the Moulin Rouge has enchanted and entertained audiences from all over the world. It's one of those things you simply have to experience when visiting Paris! Prebook your tickets from home and surprise your family, friends or significant other with a show like no other! - Ensure yourself tickets to the popular show at The Moulin Rouge - Skip the line at the box office - Enjoy a marvelous dinner or champagne and an incredible show “Féerie” : An amazing 2hours Can Can show! Admire the impressive group of 60 artists from all around the world, when they perform in the legendary show “Féerie”. “Féerie” is a spectacular two hour show filled with feathers, rhinestones, glitter, lavish settings, acrobats, original music - and of course the famous French can can dance! The show represents part of Paris culture, energy and ambiance! At the Moulin Rouge you can enjoy a dinner in the tradition of French gastronomy; refined dishes which are served with champagne, the official drink of the Moulin Rouge. You can choose between two types of tickets: “Féerie” & champagne or dinner and “Féerie”. You can see the different menus options here: - Mistinguett menu - Toulouse-Loutrec menu - Belle Epoque menu - Valentines menu How do I get my tickets? Shortly after your booking is complete your e-ticket will be send directly to your email, just print it out and bring it with you to the Moulin Rouge. When does the show start? The show run daily at 9 PM and 11 PM. If you choose tickets with dinner, then your dinner will be servered at 7 PM and the show will begin at 9 PM. Whether you choose to book tickets with or without dinner it is a good idea to be at Moulin Rouge half an hour before to the show starts. How long does the show last? The show lasts 2 hours. Is there a dress code? Yes, the dress code is casual and business casual. Tie, suits or dress are optional. Jeans, shorts, sneakers are not permitted. Are children allowed? The Moulin Rouge is not suitable for children and children under 6 years old is not allowed. - Moulin Rouge is very popular, and can often be sold out Friday and Saturday months ahead. So the sooner you book the better the chances are you can get tickets. If you can visit Moulin Rouge other days than the weekend will have a far better chance of getting tickets. Fantastic 4.7Result from 6 customer reviews Great evening, the champagne needs improvement. Highly recommend it for everyone over the age of 18 Great show. Good seating and as we went for the champagne and show re were surprised that a full bottle was supplied. The booking process and website were easy to follow. My wife and I booked the Moulin Rouge tickets ahead, which was highly recommended. We had no trouble entering the Club and were immediately seated at a table with a great view of the stage. The show was excellent. The service of drinks was excellent. We had a wonderful time, and at the end of the show, had no trouble finding a taxi to take us back to our hotel. A wonderful experience we would highly recommend to others. We just loved the show. It was fun, lively, beautiful. a great way to spend an evening in Paris. Everyone should see the Moulin Rouge show, it is true Paris. Tres Bien! Entertaining, funny, and creative. The staff did an amazing job with service and making the evening enjoyable. My advice is to have a wonderful dinner at L'Atelier and make sure you ask for Darreau Benjamin for a few wine choices, then off to show. The show was absolutely phenomenal...well worth the price! Booking tickets online prior to my arrival was very smooth and the confirmation email was all I needed to pick up my tickets. The actors, dancing and costumes were all fabulous. The show represents part of Paris culture, energy and ambiance. I would definitely recommend this show be on your list of things to see while in Paris. ML, Calgary, Alberta
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The aim of our website is to present you with a travel guide that is going not only to be detailed and useful but will also provide you with many tips from locals living in Prague all about Prague. All the articles on our site about Prague are either written by the owners of the website (a couple living in Prague’s most beautiful neighborhood of Dejvice) or by authors that are currently residing in Prague. Before you travel. What can you see in Prague? What to know about Prague? What can you do here? Should you come for a week or just weekend? All these questions will be answered. Discover interesting facts about Prague by using our detailed guides to get the most out of your trip and plan it properly before you go. We can also help you to arrange tickets and hotel reservations. There is literally something for everyone to learn about Prague.. You just need to plan well. Once you are in Prague… You just landed or got out of your car… and now what? Where to go for breakfast? What is the best restaurant for lunch? How do you use public transport? Or should I use taxi? We have plenty of information about Prague not only for those planning their trip but also for those who are already in Prague. How do we make money? We are receiving compensation for some services we are linking to. Our business model is based on so called affiliate marketing. We are not paid directly by brand or companies. Instead, we chose the companies we work with, recommend their services and receive commission if you purchase something (fly tickets, accommodation, guided tour…). Our services, articles, guides and all other information about Prague are and always will be free for all our visitors. Write For Us We are always looking for content writers who can write interesting facts about Prague. Feel free to get in touch with us but keep in mind, that we are only looking for experienced content writers who are either living in Prague or have been living in Prague for at least a few years.
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