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---
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license: mit
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size_categories:
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- n>1T
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---
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# Solar Flare Forecasting Labels
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## Dataset Summary
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This dataset provides binary labels for solar flare forecasting using a rolling window approach. Labels are generated based on both the **maximum flare intensity** and the **cumulative flare intensity** observed within each window. The data spans from 2010 to 2024 and is derived from NOAA GOES flare event listings.
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## Supported Tasks and Applications
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- `binary-classification`: Predict whether a given time window will contain a flare
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- Maximum intensity: greater than or equals to M1.0.
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- Cumulative intensity: greather than or equals to 10.
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- `regression`: Predict Maximum intensity or cumulative intensity within a given time window
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## Dataset Structure
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### Data Files
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- `train.csv`: Input data from January to June (6 months)
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- `val.csv`: Input data from July to September (3 months)
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- `test.csv`: Input data from October to December (3 months)
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To create other train, validation, and test set, use these files
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- `flare_cls_p1_1h.csv`: Input data from January to March
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- `flare_cls_p2_1h.csv`: Input data from April to June
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- `flare_cls_p3_1h.csv`: Input data from July to September
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- `flare_cls_p4_1h.csv`: Input data from October to December
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### Features
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- Applies a rolling time window (24h window) to generate:
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- `max_goes_class`: highest flare intensity/class in the 24-hour window
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- `cumulative_index`: sum of sub-class values in the 24-hour window
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- `label_max`: Binary label (`max_goes_class` ≥ M1.0)
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- `label_cum`: Binary label (`cumulative_index` ≥ 10)
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- Splits dataset into four seasonal subsets (3-month each)
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- Supports optional filtering using an external index (e.g., image availability in SuryaBench)
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### Data Format
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Each labeled record includes:
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```json
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{
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"timestep": "2013-02-01T00:00:00",
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"max_goes_class": "M2.5",
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"cumulative_index": 38.5,
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"max_label": 1,
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"sum_label": 1
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}
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```
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## Dataset Details
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| Field | Description |
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|------------------------|---------------------------------------------|
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| **Temporal Coverage** | May 13, 2010 – Dec 31, 2024 |
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| **Data Format** | CSV (.csv), string-based schema |
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| **Data Size** | Total 109,175 instances |
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| **Total File Size** | ~3.7MB |
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