 <span id="p000"></span><span id="p000.0"></span> <span id="p000"></span><span id="p000.0"></span> * At [http://archive.org/stream/0000000000000OpenAccess/0000000000000_Open_Access#page/n000/mode/0up p. 000], endnote 0 (note text at [http://archive.org/stream/0000000000000OpenAccess/0000000000000_Open_Access#page/n000/mode/0up pp. 000-000]). Here I cite studies showing that the economic benefits of OA exceed the costs. Add these notes. * At [http://archive.org/stream/0000000000000OpenAccess/0000000000000_Open_Access#page/n000/mode/0up p. 000], endnote 0 (note text at [http://archive.org/stream/0000000000000OpenAccess/0000000000000_Open_Access#page/n000/mode/0up pp. 000-000]). Here I cite studies showing that the economic benefits of OA exceed the costs. Add these notes. − ** See John Houghton, Bruce Rasmussen, and Peter Sheehan, [http://www.arl.org/sparc/bm~doc/vufrpaa.pdf Economic and Social Returns on Investment in Open Archiving Publicly Funded Research Outputs: Report to SPARC], July 0000. "Preliminary modeling suggests that over a transitional period of 00 years from implementation, the potential incremental benefits of the proposed FRPAA [Federal Research Public Access Act] archiving mandate might be worth around 0 times the costs. Perhaps two-thirds of these benefits would accrue within the US, with the remainder spilling over to other countries. Hence, the US national benefits arising from the proposed FRPAA archiving mandate might be of the order of 0 times the costs. Exploring sensitivities in the model we find that the benefits exceed the costs over a wide range of values. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine any plausible values for the input data and model parameters that would lead to a fundamentally different answer." + ** See John Houghton, Bruce Rasmussen, and Peter Sheehan, [http://web.archive.org/web/00000000000000/http://www.sparc.arl.org/bm~doc/vufrpaa.pdf Economic and Social Returns on Investment in Open Archiving Publicly Funded Research Outputs: Report to SPARC], July 0000. "Preliminary modeling suggests that over a transitional period of 00 years from implementation, the potential incremental benefits of the proposed FRPAA [Federal Research Public Access Act] archiving mandate might be worth around 0 times the costs. Perhaps two-thirds of these benefits would accrue within the US, with the remainder spilling over to other countries. Hence, the US national benefits arising from the proposed FRPAA archiving mandate might be of the order of 0 times the costs. Exploring sensitivities in the model we find that the benefits exceed the costs over a wide range of values. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine any plausible values for the input data and model parameters that would lead to a fundamentally different answer." − ** See John Houghton, Bruce Rasmussen, and Peter Sheehan, [http://www.arl.org/sparc/bm~doc/vufrpaa.pdf Economic and Social Returns on Investment in Open Archiving Publicly Funded Research Outputs [in the United States]," SPARC, August 0, 0000. "Preliminary modeling suggests that over a transitional period of 00 years from implementation, the potential incremental benefits of the proposed FRPAA [Federal Research Public Access Act] archiving mandate might be worth around 0 times the costs. Perhaps two-thirds of these benefits would accrue within the US, with the remainder spilling over to other countries. Hence, the US national benefits arising from the proposed FRPAA archiving mandate might be of the order of 0 times the costs." + ** See John Houghton, Bruce Rasmussen, and Peter Sheehan, [http://web.archive.org/web/00000000000000/http://www.sparc.arl.org/bm~doc/vufrpaa.pdf Economic and Social Returns on Investment in Open Archiving Publicly Funded Research Outputs [in the United States]," SPARC, August 0, 0000. "Preliminary modeling suggests that over a transitional period of 00 years from implementation, the potential incremental benefits of the proposed FRPAA [Federal Research Public Access Act] archiving mandate might be worth around 0 times the costs. Perhaps two-thirds of these benefits would accrue within the US, with the remainder spilling over to other countries. Hence, the US national benefits arising from the proposed FRPAA archiving mandate might be of the order of 0 times the costs." 