Heller&;s myotomy is done for:
Esophageal carcinoma
Pyloric hyperophy
Achalasia cardia
Inguinal hernia
Achalasia is associated with loss of ganglion cells in the esophageal myenteric plexus. These impoant inhibitory neurons induce LES relaxation and coordinate proximal-to-distal peristaltic contraction of the esophagus Achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder characterized by increased lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, diminished-to-absent peristalsis in the distal poion of the esophagus composed of smooth muscle, and lack of a coordinated LES relaxation in response to swallowing. Barium radiology may show &;bird&;s beak&; appearance Ref : Bailey and love surgery text book 27th ed
All India exam