Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation (IPPV) can cause:
Barotrauma
Pleural effusion
Pulmonary edema
None of the above
Cardiovascular impairment and direct effect of pressure on lung tissue are some of the complications of positive intrathoracic pressure. Barotrauma manifests as subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, or pneumomediastinum. Ref: Clinical Intensive Care and Acute Medicine, Ken Hillman, Gillian Bishop, Pages 377-378 ; Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Page1599