After treatment of pneumonia, a child developed pseudomembranous colitis. Which of the following drug frequently causes pseudomembranous colitis?
Clindamycin
Gararnycin
Erythromycin
Vancomycin
Alteration of the normal enterocolonic bacterial flora by prior antibiotic administration is required for the development of C difficile colitis in the large majority of those who develop the disease. Antibiotics most often associated with C difficile-induced disease include aminopenicillins, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and clindamycin. Also cancer chemotherapy or preexisting IBD, especially with colonic involvement, appears to trigger C difficile colitis. Oral metronidazole or vancomycin should be given and fluids replaced. Ref: Trier J.S. (2012). Chapter 5. Acute Diarrheal Disorders. In N.J. Greenberger, R.S. Blumberg, R. Burakoff (Eds), CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy, 2e.