XDR-TB is defined as Resistance to -
INH plus rifampicin
Fluoroquinolones plus INH plus amikacin
Fluoroquinolones plus rifampicin plus kanamycin
Fluoroquinolones plus INH plus rifampicin plus amikacin
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Fluoroquinolones plus INH plus rifampicin plus amikacin Treatment of multidrug resistance (MDR) TBo MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least both INH and rifampicin. Previously it was classified as Category IV under DOTS (DOTS-PLUS).o The treatment is given in two phases, the intestive phase (IP) and the continuation phase (CP). The total duration of treatment for regimen for MDR-TB is 24-27 months, depending on the IP duration.o Treatment regimen comprises :-i) Intensive phase (6-9 months): Six drugs: Kanamycin (Km), levofloxacin (Lvx), ethionamide (Eto), pyrazinamide (Z), ethambutol (E), and cycloserine (Cs).ii) Continuation phase (18 months) : Four drugs: Levofloxaxcin, ethionamide, ethambutol and cycloserineo Total duration of treatment is 24-27 months.Treatment of extensive drug resistance (XDR) TBo XDR-TB is defined as resistance to any fluoroquinolone and at least one of the following three second-line drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin), in addition to multidrug resistanceo The Regimen for XDR-TB would be of 24-30 months duration, with 6-12 months Intensive Phase (IP) and 18 months Continuation Phase (CP)o Regimen isi) Intensive phase (6-12 months): Seven drugs : Capreomycin, PAS, moxifloxacin, high dose INH, clofazimine, Linezolid, amoxyclav.ii) Continuation phase (18 months): Six drugs: PAS, moxifloxacin, high dose INH, clofazimine, linezolid, amoxyclav.
Mycobacteria