A 41-year-old woman undergoes exploratory laparotomy for a persistent adnexal mass. Frozen section diagnosis is serous carcinoma. Assuming that the other ovary is grossly normal, what is the likelihood that the contralateral ovary is involved in this malignancy?
5%
15%
33%
50%
Serous carcinoma is the most common epithelial tumor of the ovary. On histologic examination, psammoma bodies can be seen in approximately 30% of these tumors. Bilateral involvement characterizes about one-third of all serous carcinomas. Although mesonephroid carcinomas tend to be associated with pelvic endometriosis, a similar association has not been demonstrated for serous carcinomas.
Fetal Skull and Maternal Pelvis