Which of the following structures is related to the esophagus 22.5cm from the incisor teeth?
Arch of aorta
Right principal broncus
Thoracic Duct
Azygous Vein
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Arch of aorta * 2nd constriction is at T4 level where arch of aorta crosses esophagus.Esophageal constrictionsNumberDistance from incisorBony levelAnatomical landmark1st15 cm (6 inches)C6At its beginning (pharyngo-esophageal junction)2nd22.5 cm (9 inches)T4Crossing of aortic arch3rd27.5 cm (11 inches)T6Crossing of left main bronchus4th37.5 - 40 cm (15-16 inches)T10Piercing diaphragm (at lower esophageal sphmotor)
Thorax