About papillary carcinoma thyroid true statements is/are: 1. Radiation is a risk factor 2. Multifocal 3. Hematogenous spread is common 4. Distant metastasis is seen 5. Most common in iodine deficient areas
1,2,3 & 4
1,2,4 & 5
2,3,4 & 5
All are true
Thyroid cancer cases occur primarily in iodine deficient area. The use of external beam irradiation has been shown to result in an increase incidence of well- differentiated carcinoma ( usually papillary ) at any time, generally 5 years after exposure" "Spread to lymph node is common but blood borne metastasis are unusual unless the tumor is extrathyroid" Major difference between papillary and follicular carcinoma Papillary (%) Follicular (%) Male incidence 22 35 Lymph node metastasis 35 13 Blood vessel invasion 40 60 Recurrence rate 19 29 Overall moality rate 11 24 Location of recurrent carcinoma Papillary (%) Follicular (%) Distant metastasis 45 75 Nodal metastasis 34 12 Local recurrences 20 12 Ref: Sabiston 18/e, page 938; bailey & love 25/e, page 793-94; harrison 17/e, page 2245.