Cardiotoxicity of bupivacaine -
Depressed pacemaker activity
Toxic compound damaging myocardial cells
Depressed neural control on hea
Vascular thrombosis and Myocardial ischemia
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Depressed pacemaker activity o Local anaesthetics block cardiac sodium channels and thus depress abnormal cardiac pacemaker activity, excitability, and conduction. At extremely high concentrations, local anaesthetics can also block calcium channels.