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What causes Disorder of written expression? | Although no studies have been conducted to determine how common this disorder is, it is thought to be about as common as learning and reading disorders.
This disorder appears by itself or along with other learning disabilities, such as:
Developmental coordination disorder Expressive language disorder Mathematics disorder Reading disorder </s> |
What are the symptoms of Salmonellosis? | The onset of disease symptoms occurs 6 - 72 hours (usually 12-36 hours) after ingestion of salmonella. It is usually characterized by acute onset of:
Fever Headache Abdominal pain Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Loss of appetite
The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days. Symptoms of salmonellosis are relatively mild and patients make a recovery without specific treatment in most cases. However, in some cases, particularly in the very young and in the elderly patients, the associated dehydration can become severe and life-threatening. The diarrhea may be so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalized. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites. Unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics, death may occur. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Esophageal candidiasis ? | People who have HIV or who had organ transplant are at highest risk of having esophageal candidiasis. Also people with impaired motility of the esophagus that causes food stagnation there are highly vulnerable to esophageal candidiasis. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Donovanosis ? | Call for an appointment with your health care provider if: You have had sexual contact with a person who is known to have donovanosis You develop symptoms of donovanosis </s> |
What causes Separation anxiety disorder? | As infants develop, they experience various emotions, usually in a predictable order. Before 8 months, infants are so new to the world that they have little knowledge of what is ordinary and what may be dangerous, so new situations or experiences seem usual, and not frightening.
In normal development, during this early period the infant becomes familiar with the home environment, and feels comfortable when parents or other known caretakers are present. After this time, lack of familiarity often produces fear because the infant recognizes that something unusual is going on.
From 8 - 14 months, children often become frightened when they meet new people or visit new places. They recognize their parents as familiar and safe. When separated from their parents, particularly when away from home, they feel threatened and unsafe.
Separation anxiety is a normal developmental stage. It helped keep our ancestors alive and helps children learn how to master their environment.
It usually ends when the child is around 2 years old. At this age, toddlers begin to understand that parents may be out of sight now, but will return later. There is also a normal desire to test their independence.
To get over separation anxiety, children must:
Feel safe in their home environment Trust people other than their parents Trust that their parents will return
Even after children have successfully mastered this developmental stage, separation anxiety may return during periods of stress. Most children will experience some degree of separation anxiety when in unfamiliar situations, especially when separated from their parents.
When children are in situations (such as hospitals) and are experiencing stress (such as illness or pain), they seek the safety, comfort, and protection of their parents. When parents cannot be with their children in these situations, the children experience distress.
This is why it is important to stay with your child as much as is possible during any medical procedures. Your presence can actually reduce the amount of pain the child experiences, as anxiety of any kind makes pain worse. </s> |
What do we know about human-to-human spread of swine flu? | In September 1988, a previously healthy 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized for pneumonia and died 8 days later. A swine H1N1 flu virus was detected. Four days before getting sick, the patient visited a county fair swine exhibition where there was widespread influenza-like illness among the swine.
In follow-up studies, 76% of swine exhibitors tested had antibody evidence of swine flu infection but no serious illnesses were detected among this group. Additional studies suggest that one to three health care personnel who had contact with the patient developed mild influenza-like illnesses with antibody evidence of swine flu infection. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Lichen planus ? | Risks include:
Exposure to medications, dyes, and other chemical substances (including gold, antibiotics, arsenic, iodides, chloroquine, quinacrine, quinide, phenothiazines, and diuretics) Disorders such as hepatitis C </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Progressive supranuclear palsy ? | Call your health care provider if you often fall, and if you have a stiff neck/body and vision problems.
Also, call if a loved one has been diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy and the condition has declined so much that you can no longer care for the person at home. </s> |
What to expect if I have Narcolepsy (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Narcolepsy is a chronic, lifelong condition. It is not a deadly illness, but it may be dangerous if episodes occur during driving, operating machinery, or similar activities. Narcolepsy can usually be controlled with treatment. Treating other underlying sleep disorders can improve symptoms of narcolepsy. </s> |
How to know you have Constipation (Diagnosis)? | The tests the doctor performs depend on the duration and severity of the constipation, the person’s age, and whether blood in stools, recent changes in bowel habits, or weight loss have occurred. Most people with constipation do not need extensive testing and can be treated with changes in diet and exercise. For example, in young people with mild symptoms, a medical history and physical exam may be all that is needed for diagnosis and treatment. Medical History
The doctor may ask a patient to describe his or her constipation, including duration of symptoms, frequency of bowel movements, consistency of stools, presence of blood in the stool, and toilet habits—how often and where one has bowel movements. A record of eating habits, medication, and level of physical activity will also help the doctor determine the cause of constipation.
The clinical definition of constipation is having any two of the following symptoms for at least 12 weeks—not always consecutive—in the previous 12 months:
straining during bowel movements lumpy or hard stool sensation of incomplete evacuation sensation of anorectal blockage/obstruction fewer than three bowel movements per week
A physical exam may include a rectal exam with a gloved, lubricated finger to evaluate the tone of the muscle that closes off the anus—also called anal sphincter—and to detect tenderness, obstruction, or blood. In some cases, blood and thyroid tests may be necessary to look for thyroid disease and serum calcium or to rule out inflammatory, metabolic, and other disorders.
Extensive testing usually is reserved for people with severe symptoms, for those with sudden changes in the number and consistency of bowel movements or blood in the stool, and older adults. Additional tests that may be used to evaluate constipation include
a colorectal transit study anorectal function tests a defecography
Because of an increased risk of colorectal cancer in older adults, the doctor may use tests to rule out a diagnosis of cancer, including a
barium enema x ray sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy
Colorectal transit study. This test shows how well food moves through the colon. The patient swallows capsules containing small markers that are visible on an x ray. The movement of the markers through the colon is monitored by abdominal x rays taken several times 3 to 7 days after the capsule is swallowed. The patient eats a high-fiber diet during the course of this test.
Anorectal function tests. These tests diagnose constipation caused by abnormal functioning of the anus or rectum—also called anorectal function.
Anorectal manometry evaluates anal sphincter muscle function. For this test, a catheter or air-filled balloon is inserted into the anus and slowly pulled back through the sphincter muscle to measure muscle tone and contractions. Balloon expulsion tests consist of filling a balloon with varying amounts of water after it has been rectally inserted. Then the patient is asked to expel the balloon. The inability to expel a balloon filled with less than 150 mL of water may indicate a decrease in bowel function.
Defecography is an x ray of the anorectal area that evaluates completeness of stool elimination, identifies anorectal abnormalities, and evaluates rectal muscle contractions and relaxation. During the exam, the doctor fills the rectum with a soft paste that is the same consistency as stool. The patient sits on a toilet positioned inside an x-ray machine, then relaxes and squeezes the anus to expel the paste. The doctor studies the x rays for anorectal problems that occurred as the paste was expelled.
Barium enema x ray. This exam involves viewing the rectum, colon, and lower part of the small intestine to locate problems. This part of the digestive tract is known as the bowel. This test may show intestinal obstruction and Hirschsprung disease, which is a lack of nerves within the colon.
The night before the test, bowel cleansing, also called bowel prep, is necessary to clear the lower digestive tract. The patient drinks a special liquid to flush out the bowel. A clean bowel is important, because even a small amount of stool in the colon can hide details and result in an incomplete exam.
Because the colon does not show up well on x rays, the doctor fills it with barium, a chalky liquid that makes the area visible. Once the mixture coats the inside of the colon and rectum, x rays are taken that show their shape and condition. The patient may feel some abdominal cramping when the barium fills the colon but usually feels little discomfort after the procedure. Stools may be white in color for a few days after the exam.
Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. An examination of the rectum and lower, or sigmoid, colon is called a sigmoidoscopy. An examination of the rectum and entire colon is called a colonoscopy.
The person usually has a liquid dinner the night before a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy and takes an enema early the next morning. An enema an hour before the test may also be necessary.
To perform a sigmoidoscopy, the doctor uses a long, flexible tube with a light on the end, called a sigmoidoscope, to view the rectum and lower colon. The patient is lightly sedated before the exam. First, the doctor examines the rectum with a gloved, lubricated finger. Then, the sigmoidoscope is inserted through the anus into the rectum and lower colon. The procedure may cause abdominal pressure and a mild sensation of wanting to move the bowels. The doctor may fill the colon with air to get a better view. The air can cause mild cramping.
To perform a colonoscopy, the doctor uses a flexible tube with a light on the end, called a colonoscope, to view the entire colon. This tube is longer than a sigmoidoscope. During the exam, the patient lies on his or her side, and the doctor inserts the tube through the anus and rectum into the colon. If an abnormality is seen, the doctor can use the colonoscope to remove a small piece of tissue for examination (biopsy). The patient may feel gassy and bloated after the procedure. </s> |
What to expect if I have Acromegaly (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Pituitary surgery is successful in most patients, depending on the size of the tumor and the experience of the surgeon. Without treatment the symptoms will get worse, and the risk of cardiovascular disease increases. </s> |
What to expect if I have Psychogenic dwarfism (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Prognosis of psychogenic dwarfism varies from condition to condition, from person to person. Most psychogenic dwarfism have good outcomes with hormone therapy. Family support, social networks, advocacy groups and adaptive products enable most people with psychogenic dwarfism to address challenges in educational, work and social settings. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Burkitt%27s lymphoma ? | Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of Burkitt lymphoma. </s> |
What causes Zika virus infection? | The virus that causes Zika virus infection is Zika virus (ZIKV). Zika virus is usually found in developing countries and is usually implicated outbreaks after people travel to endemic areas. Zika viruses are usually transmitted to humans via a mosquito bite, from the Aedes mosquito. However, Zika virus may also be transmitted from humans to other humans by exchanging body fluids, which often occurs during sexual intercourse or after blood transfusion. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Tetralogy of Fallot ? | While the exact cause of Tetralogy of Fallot is unknown, several factors may increase the risk of a baby being born with this condition. These include:
A viral illness in the mother, such as rubella (German measles), during pregnancy Maternal alcoholism Poor nutrition A mother older than 40 A parent with tetralogy of Fallot Babies who are also born with Down syndrome or DiGeorge syndrome </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Inflammatory bowel disease ? | Speak with your doctor and set up an immediate consultation if you experience any of the symptoms associated with Inflammatory bowel disease. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Androgen insensitivity syndrome ? | Mutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene is the cause of androgen insensitivity syndrome. This gene controls the making of a protein called androgen receptor. The mutative gene prevents androgen receptors from working properly. Thus, it makes cells less sensitive response to androgens or prevents cells from using these hormones at all. At last, it makes the body unable to respond to the hormones responsible for the male appearance. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Sialolithiasis ? | Call your health care provider if you have symptoms of salivary duct stones. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Implantable cardiac defibrillator insertion discharge instructions ? | You should tell your doctor about every shock you feel from your ICD. The settings of your ICD may need to be adjusted, or your medicines may need to be changed. Also call your doctor if:
Your wound looks infected. Signs of infection are redness, increased drainage, swelling, and pain. You are having the symptoms you had before your ICD was implanted. You are dizzy, have chest pain, or are short of breath. You have hiccups that do not go away. You were unconscious for a moment. Your ICD has sent a shock and you still do not feel well or you pass out. Talk to your doctor about when to call the doctor's office. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Oppositional defiant disorder ? | Call your health care provider if you have concerns about your child's development or behavior. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Glomus tumor patient information? | Women area t higher risk of developing single glomus tumors while multiple glomus tumors are more commonly seen among males.
Glomus tumors that occur as a single lesion are usually more frequent in adults. On the other hand, glomus tumors with multiple lesions are more commonly seen around 15 years earlier than the single lesions. </s> |
What are the symptoms of urea cycle disorder? | Typically, the baby begins nursing well and seems normal. However, over time the baby develops poor feeding, vomiting, and sleepiness which may be so deep that the baby is difficult to awaken. This usually occurs within the first week after birth.
Symptoms include:
Confusion Decreased food intake Disliking protein-containing foods Increased sleepiness, difficulty waking up Nausea, vomiting </s> |
What are the symptoms of Transient tic disorder? | The child may have facial tics or tics involving movement of the arms, legs, or other areas.
Tics may involve:
Movements that occur again and again and don't have a rhythm An overwhelming urge to make the movement Brief and jerky movements that include the following: Blinking Clenching the fists Curling the toes Flaring the nostrils Grimacing Jerking the arms Kicking Opening the mouth Raising the eyebrows Shrugging the shoulders Sticking out the tongue
The tics often look like nervous behavior. Tics appear to get worse with stress and do not occur during sleep.
Sounds may also occur, such as:
Clicking Grunting Hissing Moaning Sniffing Snorting Squealing Throat clearing </s> |
What are the symptoms of Carcinoma of the penis? | Genital lesions on the penis Painless sore on penis (occasionally, the lesion may cause pain) Penis pain and bleeding from the penis (may occur with advanced disease) </s> |
What to expect if I have Transverse myelitis (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Recovery from transverse myelitis usually begins within 2 to 12 weeks of the onset of symptoms and may continue for up to 2 years. However, if there is no improvement within the first 3 to 6 months, significant recovery is unlikely. About one-third of people affected with transverse myelitis experience good or full recovery from their symptoms; they regain the ability to walk normally and experience minimal urinary or bowel effects and paresthesias. Another one-third show only fair recovery and are left with significant deficits such as spastic gait, sensory dysfunction, and prominent urinary urgency or incontinence. The remaining one-third show no recovery at all, remaining wheelchair-bound or bedridden with marked dependence on others for basic functions of daily living. Unfortunately, making predictions about individual cases is difficult. However, research has shown that a rapid onset of symptoms generally results in poorer recovery outcomes.
The majority of people with this disorder experience only one episode although in rare cases recurrent or relapsing transverse myelitis does occur. Some patients recover completely, then experience a relapse. Others begin to recover, then suffer worsening of symptoms before recovery continues. In all cases of relapse, physicians will evaluate possible underlying causes such as MS, NMO, or systemic lupus erythematosus since most people who experience relapse have an identifiable underlying disorder. People with a recurrent relapsing disorder will usually require some type of ongoing therapy that modulates or suppresses the immune system. The propose of such therapies is to reduce the chance of future relapses. </s> |
What to expect if I have Mucormycosis (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Mucormycosis has an extremely high death rate even when aggressive surgery is done. Death rates range from 25 - 85% depending on the body area involved and your overall health. </s> |
What causes Cryptorchidism? | Most of the time, children's testicles descend by the time they are 9 months old. Undescended testicles are fairly common in infants who are born early (premature infants). It occurs in about 3 - 4% of full-term infants.
Once a testicle has been found in the scrotum, it is considered descended, even if it is temporarily pulled back (retracted) during a later examination.
Some babies have a condition called retractile testes, in which the health care provider sometimes cannot find the testicles. This is due to the muscle reflex that retracts the testicles and the small testicle size before puberty. The testicles will descend at puberty. Surgery is not needed.
Testicles that do not descend by the time the child is 1 year old should be evaluated. Studies suggest that surgery should be done by this age. Surgery can reduce the chances of permanent damage to the testicles, which can lead to fertility problems later in life.
Testicles that do not naturally descend into the scrotum are considered abnormal. An undescended testicle is more likely to develop cancer, even if it is brought down into the scrotum. The other testicle is also more likely to develop cancer, even if it descended properly.
Bringing the testicle into the scrotum can improve sperm production and increases the odds of good fertility. It also allows the health care provider to examine the testicle to detect cancer early.
In other cases, no testicle may be found, even during surgery. This may be due to a problem that occurred while the baby was still developing in the mother (congenital). </s> |
What are the symptoms of Fibromuscular dysplasia? | Some patients experience no symptoms of the disease while others may have
High blood pressure Dizziness or vertigo Chronic headache Intracranial aneurysm Ringing in the ears Weakness or numbness in the face Neck pain Changes in vision </s> |
What to expect if I have Swimmer%27s ear (Outlook/Prognosis)? | When treated properly, swimmer's ear usually gets better. </s> |
What to expect if I have Endometritis (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Most cases of endometritis go away with antibiotics.
Untreated endometritis can lead to more serious infection and complications with pelvic organs, reproduction, and general health. </s> |
What to expect if I have Selective mutism (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Children with this syndrome can have different outcomes. Some may need to continue therapy for shyness and social anxiety into the teenage years, and possibly into adulthood. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Brucellosis? | Acute brucellosis may begin with mild flu -like symptoms, or symptoms such as:
Abdominal pain Back pain Chills Excessive sweating Fatigue Fever Headache Joint pain Loss of appetite Weakness Weight loss
High fever spikes usually occur every afternoon. The name "undulant" fever is because the fever rises and falls in waves.
Other symptoms that may occur with this disease:
Muscle pain Swollen glands
The illness may be chronic and last for years. </s> |
What to expect if I have Endocarditis (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Early treatment of bacterial endocarditis generally has a good outcome. Heart valves may be damaged if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Claudication ? | If you have pain in your limbs when you exercise, see your doctor. Claudication and peripheral artery disease can be serious, and may affect your quality of life if they are not treated. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Aortic dissection? | The symptoms usually begin suddenly, and include severe chest pain. The pain may feel like a heart attack, and can:
Be described as sharp, stabbing, tearing, or ripping Be felt below the chest bone, then move under the shoulder blades or to the back Move to the shoulder, neck, arm, jaw, abdomen, or hips Change position -- pain typically moves to the arms and legs as the aortic dissection gets worse
Symptoms are caused by a decrease of blood flowing to the rest of the body, and can include:
Anxiety and a feeling of doom Fainting or dizziness Heavy sweating (clammy skin) Nausea and vomiting Pale skin (pallor) Rapid, weak pulse Shortness of breath -- trouble breathing when lying flat (orthopnea)
Other symptoms may include:
Pain in the abdomen Stroke symptoms Swallowing difficulties from pressure on the esophagus </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Neurofibroma ? | Call your health care provider if:
You notice coffee -with- milk colored spots on your child's skin or any of the signs listed here. You have a family history of neurofibromatosis and are planning to have children, or would like to have your child examined. </s> |
What Will My Condition Be Like After Aortic Valve Replacement? | After successful aortic valve replacement, patients can expect to return to their preoperative condition or better. Anticoagulation ("blood thinners") with a drug like Coumadin may be prescribed for 6 weeks to 3 months after surgery for those with biological valves, and for life for those with mechanical valves. Once the wounds have healed, most patients should experience few if any restrictions to activity. A patient will require preventative or prophylactic antibiotics whenever having dental work, and should always tell a doctor about their valve surgery before any surgical procedure.
Template:WH Template:WS CME Category::Cardiology </s> |
What to expect if I have Allergy (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Most allergies can be easily treated with medication. Some children may outgrow an allergy. This is particularly true of food allergies. However, as a general rule, once a substance has triggered an allergic reaction, it continues to affect the person.
Allergy shots are most effective when used to treat those with hay fever symptoms and severe insect sting allergies. They are not used to treat food allergies because of the danger of a severe reaction. Allergy shots may require years of treatment, but they work in most cases. However, they may cause uncomfortable side effects (such as hives and rash) and dangerous outcomes (such as anaphylaxis). </s> |
What to expect if I have Liver spots (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Liver spots are not medically dangerous. They are permanent skin changes that may affect the cosmetic appearance of the skin. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Systemic lupus erythematosus ? | The underlying cause of this autoimmune disease is not clear. Clinical data show the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with the following factors:
Female: SLE affects nine times as many women as men. Age: From 10 to 50 Race: African Americans and Asians are affected more often than people from other races. Drugs, such as chlorpromazine, hydralazine, isoniazid, methyldopa, penicillamine, procainamide, quinidine and sulfasalazine. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Arthralgia ? | Contact your health care provider if:
You have fever that is not associated with flu symptoms.
You have lost 10 pounds or more without trying (unintended weight loss).
Your joint pain lasts for more than 3 days.
You have severe, unexplained joint pain, particularly if you have other unexplained symptoms. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Psychogenic dwarfism ? | Many studies have demonstrated that an environment with constant and extreme stress is the cause of psychogenic dwarfism for children. Stress releases hormones in the children's bodies such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, engaging what is known as the "fight or flight" response, decreaseing the production of growth hormone (GH), resulting in dyspepsia of nutrients and further affecting growth and development. </s> |
What causes Megaloblastic anemia? | Megaloblastic anemia is usually caused by a deficiency of folic acid or vitamin B12.
Other less common causes are:
Alcohol abuse Certain inherited disorders Drugs that affect DNA, such as chemotherapy drugs Leukemia Myelodysplastic syndrome Myelofibrosis The anticonvulsant drug dilantin </s> |
What to expect if I have Toxic shock syndrome (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Toxic shock syndrome may be deadly in up to 50% of cases. The condition may return in those that survive. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Hypospadias ? | Hypospadias affects up to 4 in 1,000 newborn boys. It runs in families in some cases. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Chalazion? | Eyelid tenderness Increased tearing Painful swelling on the eyelid Sensitivity to light </s> |
How Do I Insert a Whole Bunch of Pictures in Gallery like format? | If you use the following text below, the image below this will appear:
This code generates the following image: </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Rotavirus infection ? | In cases of severe dehydration the patient must be hospitalized. </s> |
When can I go back to work after Cardiac catheterization discharge instructions ? | It depends on the type of your work. You can ask your doctor when you can go back to work. </s> |
Why is a differential blood count performed? | This test is done to diagnose an infection, anemia, and leukemia. It may also be used to see if treatment for any of these conditions is working. </s> |
What causes Typhus? | Typhus is caused by one of two types of bacteria: Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia prowazekii. The form of typus depends on which type of bacteria causes the infection. Rickettsia typhi causes murine or endemic typhus. Endemic typhus is uncommon in the United States. It is usually seen in areas where hygiene is poor and the temperature is cold. Endemic typhus is sometimes called "jail fever." Murine typhus occurs in the southeastern and southern United States, often during the summer and fall. It is rarely deadly. Risk factors for murine typhus include:
Exposure to rat fleas or rat feces Exposure to other animals (such as cats, opossums, raccoons, skunks, and rats)
Rickettsia prowazekii causes epidemic typhus and Brill-Zinsser disease. Brill-Zinsser disease is a mild form of epidemic typhus. It occurs when the disease re-activates in a person who was previously infected. It is more common in the elderly. Lice and fleas of flying squirrels spread the bacteria. </s> |
What are the causes of Astigmatism? | The cause of astigmatism is unknown. It is usually present from birth, and often occurs together with nearsightedness or farsightedness. A minor degree of astigmatism is considered normal and does not require correction. Astigmatism is very common.
Astigmatism may sometimes develop due after eye surgery or following an eye injury . Additionally, severe astigmatism may result from a somewhat rare condition called keratoconus , which is a degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the eye in which structural changes within the cornea cause it to thin and change to a more conical shape than its normal gradual curve. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Kidney stone ? | The biggest risk factor for kidney stones is dehydration. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Ascariasis? | Most of the time, there are no symptoms. If there are symptoms, they may include:
Bloody sputum Cough Low-grade fever Passing worms in stool Shortness of breath Skin rash Stomach pain Vomiting worms Wheezing Worms exiting through the nose or mouth </s> |
What are the symptoms of Adenocarcinoma of the lung? | Common symptoms of adenocarcinoma of the lung include shortness of breath, blood in the sputum, chronic coughing, chest pain, weight loss, and change of voice. </s> |
What to expect if I have Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (Outlook/Prognosis)? | If left untreated, hypoplastic left heart syndrome is fatal. Survival rates for the staged repair continue to rise as surgical techniques and postoperative management improve. Survival after the first stage is more than 75%.
The size and function of the right ventricle are important in determining the child's outcome after surgery. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Bloody or tarry stools ? | Call your doctor immediately if you notice blood or changes in the color of your stool. Even if you think that hemorrhoids are causing the blood in your stool, your doctor should examine you to make sure that there is no other, more serious cause present. In children, a small amount of blood in the stool is usually not serious. The most common causes are constipation and milk allergies. However, it is still worth reporting to your doctor, even if no evaluation is needed. </s> |
What to expect if I have Mediastinal tumor (Outlook/Prognosis)? | The outcome depends on the type of tumor. Different tumors respond differently to chemotherapy and radiation. </s> |
What causes Prolactinoma? | Although research continues to unravel the mysteries of disordered cell growth, the cause of pituitary tumors remains unknown. It has been shown that stress can significantly raise prolactin levels which should make stress a diagnostic differential though it usually is not considered such. Most pituitary tumors are sporadic--they are not genetically passed from parents to offspring. The majority of moderately raised prolactin levels (up to 5000mIU/L) are not due to microprolactinomas but other causes. The effects of some prescription drugs are the most common, but the normal physiological causes of pregnancy & breastfeeding should not be forgotten, nor the effects of other pituitary tumours. This is discussed more under Hyperprolactinaemia. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Earache ? | Call your doctor if:
Your child has a high fever or severe pain or seems sicker than is usual for an ear infection. New symptoms appear, especially: Dizziness Severe headache Swelling around the ear Weakness of the face muscles
Severe pain suddenly stops; this may be a sign of a ruptured eardrum.
Symptoms (pain, fever, or irritability) get worse or do not improve within 24 - 48 hours. </s> |
What causes Eclampsia? | The cause of eclampsia is not well understood. Researchers believe the following may play a role:
Blood vessels Brain and nervous system (neurological) factors Diet Genes
However, no theories have yet been proven.
Eclampsia follows preeclampsia, a serious complication of pregnancy that includes high blood pressure and excess and rapid weight gain.
It is difficult to predict which women with preeclampsia will go on to have seizures. </s> |
What are the symptoms of duodenitis? | Signs and symptoms vary widely. Some patients do not have any symptoms. Some may experience the following symptoms:
Stomach pain or chest pain or back pain Nausea and vomiting Diarrhea Loss of appetite Loss of weight Bleeding from the intestine Intestinal obstruction: rarely
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell the doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Radiation enteritis? | Symptoms may be different depending on what part of the intestines received the radiation.
Changes in bowel movements may include:
Bleeding or mucus from the rectum Diarrhea or watery stools Feeling the need to have a bowel movement most or all of the time Pain in the rectal area, especially during bowel movements
Other symptoms can include:
Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Stomach cramping or pain
Most of the time, these symptoms get better within 2 - 3 weeks after radiation treatment ends. This is called acute radiation enteritis.
When symptoms become long-term (chronic), other problems may include:
Bloody diarrhea Greasy or fatty stools Weight loss </s> |
What are the symptoms of Urinary urgency? | Urgent urination is a sudden, compelling urge to urinate, along with discomfort in your bladder. A frequent need to urinate at night is called nocturia. Most people can sleep for 6 to 8 hours without having to urinate. Middle aged and older men often wake to urinate once in the early morning hours. </s> |
Where to find centers that perform Thoracentesis? | Directions to Hospitals Performing Thoracentesis </s> |
What is the cost per year of life saved with dabigatran? | Therefore, $224,600 in societal costs divided by those 6.75 years the person whose life was saved goes on to live equates to $33,274 per year of life saved. This is well within the acceptable limits for cost per year of life saved in the United States and similar to the cost per year of life saved for a defibrillator. </s> |
What to expect if I have Thymoma (Outlook/Prognosis)? | The prognosis of thymoma depends on the following:
The location of the tumor The stage of the tumor Whether the tumor can be removed completely by surgery The patient's general health Whether the cancer has just been diagnosed or has recurred </s> |
What to expect if I have AIDS dementia complex (Outlook/Prognosis)? | When left untreated, AIDS dementia complex can be fatal. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Hemothorax? | Anxiety Chest pain Low blood pressure Pale, cool and clammy skin Rapid heart rate Rapid, shallow breathing Restlessness Shortness of breath </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Astrocytoma ? | If acute symptoms such as headache, vomiting, confusion, and blurred vision should develop, or new onset of symptoms, seek urgent care immediately. </s> |
What causes Hematemesis? | Esophagus
Esophagitis Ulcer Mallory-Weiss tear Esophageal varices caused by cirrhosis
Stomach
Peptic ulcer Gastric erosions Gastritis Varices caused by cirrhosis Portal-hypertensive gastropathy Gastric cancer Polyp Dieulafoy lesion
Duodenum
Peptic ulcer Duodenitis Aortoenteric fistula Pancreatic pseudocyst Post- sphincterotomy
Liver disease
Cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma </s> |
What to expect if I have Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (Outlook/Prognosis)? | About 10% of cases in which excess bleeding (hemorrhage) is the first symptom are deadly. Some patients may have permanent seizures and brain and nervous system (neurological) problems.
AVMs that do not cause symptoms by the time people reach their late 40s or early 50s are more likely to remain stable and rarely cause symptoms. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Necrotising enterocolitis ? | Those with a higher risk for this condition include:
Premature infants Infants who are fed concentrated formulas Infants in a nursery where an outbreak has occurred Infants who have received blood exchange transfusions </s> |
What are the symptoms of amoebic liver abscess ? | Symptoms of pyogenic liver abscess include:
Chest pain (lower right) Pain in the right upper abdomen (more common) or throughout the abdomen (less common) Clay-colored stools Dark urine Fever, chills, nightsweats Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Unintentional weight loss Weakness Yellow skin (jaundice) </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Chikungunya ? | See your doctor if you develop any of the following symptoms:
Fever persisting for more than five days Intractable pain Postural dizziness, cold extremities Decreased urine output Any bleeding under the skin or through any orifice Incessant vomiting </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve ? | Call your health care provider if your child develops symptoms of this condition. Seek immediate medical attention if breathing problems occur. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Intraventricular hemorrhage ? | Regular doctor's visits are recommended for several years after being diagnosed with an IVH. The doctor will check the child's developmental and make sure the bleeding has not damaged the brain. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Birthmarks-pigmented? | Each type of birthmark has its own appearance:
Cafe-au-lait spots are light tan, the color of coffee with milk. Moles are small clusters of colored skin cells. Mongolian spots (also called Mongolian blue spots) are usually bluish or bruised-looking. They usually appear over the lower back or buttocks, but can also appear in other areas, including the trunk or arms.
Other symptoms of birthmarks:
Abnormally dark or light skin Contain hair Skin lesion Skin lumps Textured -- smooth, flat, raised, or wrinkled </s> |
What are the symptoms of Myelofibrosis? | Abdominal fullness related to an enlarged spleen Bone pain Bruising Easy bleeding Fatigue Increased likelihood of getting an infection Pallor Shortness of breath with exercise Weight loss Loss of appetite Night sweats Fever Early satiety Bleeding Peripheral swelling Frequent infections Dry cough Skin nodules Itchy skin </s> |
What to expect if I have Portal hypertension (Outlook/Prognosis)? | The symptoms of portal hypertension usually develop in the third to fourth decades of life. Dilated esophageal veins are typically developed 5-15% per year after hepatic fibrosis. Most of the cirrhotic patients will develop the varices, at least once during the lifetime. Approximately 60% of patients with cirrhosis develop ascites in 10 years. The presence of variceal bleeding, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and renal insufficiency are associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with portal hypertension. They are the leading causes of death among patients with portal hypertension. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Dermatitis herpetiformis ? | Call your health care provider if the rash is non- resolving despite of the treatment. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Renal cell carcinoma? | Early renal cell carcinoma does not have any symptoms. As the tumor grows larger, people may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
Hematuria (blood in the urine) Lower back pain on one side A mass or lump on one side of the lower back Fatigue and unexplained weight loss Peripheral edema (swelling of ankles and legs)
Other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A person with any of these symptoms should tell his/her doctor so that the problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.Diseases with similar symptoms are listed in the following:
Urinary calculi Urinary tract infection Bladder cancer and ureter cancer Urinary tract tuberculosis </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Lymphangiosarcoma ? | A person should seek urgent medical care when there is any life threatening symptoms due to lymphangiosarcoma. </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Lupus nephritis ? | The underlying cause of this autoimmune disease is not clear. </s> |
What causes Purpura? | Nonthrombocytopenic purpuras may be due to:
Congenital cytomegalovirus Congenital rubella syndrome Drugs that affect platelet function Fragile blood vessels (senile purpura) Pressure changes that occur during vaginal childbirth Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis), such as Henoch-Schonlein purpura
Thrombocytopenic purpura may be due to:
Drugs that prevent platelets from forming Hemangioma Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) Immune neonatal thrombocytopenia (can occur in infants whose mothers have ITP) Meningococcemia </s> |
What causes Bartholin's abscess? | A Bartholin's abscess forms when a small opening (duct) from the gland gets blocked. Fluid in the gland builds up and may become infected. Fluid may build up over many years before an abscess occurs.
Often the abscess appears quickly over several days and become very hot and swollen. Activity that puts pressure on the vulva, and walking and sitting, may cause excruciating pain. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Astigmatism (eye) ? | Call for an appointment with the health care provider or ophthalmologist if vision problems worsen, or do not improve with glasses or contact lenses. </s> |
How do I create a 'Return to top' link? | For a long page with multiple sections, sometimes you might want your reader to be able to return to the top of the page without having to scroll all the way up. To do this, you can make a'Return to top' link. You need to know the name of your page (Pagename) and to select a section (TopSection) from the top of the page (click here to learn how to create sections.)
In general,
creates the'Return to top' link.
For example, on this page:
creates: Return to top </s> |
What causes Atopic dermatitis? | Atopic dermatitis is due to a skin reaction (similar to an allergy) in the skin. The reaction leads to ongoing swelling and redness. People with atopic dermititis may be more sensitive because their skin lacks certain proteins.
Atopic dermatitis is most common in infants. It may start as early as age 2 to 6 months. Many people outgrow it by early adulthood.
People with atopic dermatitis often have asthma or seasonal allergies. There is often a family history of allergies such as asthma, hay fever, or eczema. People with atopic dermatitis often test positive to allergy skin tests.
The following can make atopic dermatitis symptoms worse:
Allergies to pollen, mold, dust mites, or animals Cold and dry air in the winter Colds or the flu Contact with irritants and chemicals Contact with rough materials, such as wool Dry skin Emotional stress Drying out of the skin from taking too many baths or showers and swimming too often Getting too hot or too cold, as well as sudden changes of temperature Perfumes or dyes added to skin lotions or soaps </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Arthritis ? | Certain factors are associated with a greater risk of arthritis. Some of these risk factors are modifiable while others are not. Non-modifiable risk factors:
Age: The risk of developing most types of arthritis increases with age. Gender: Most types of arthritis are more common in women; 60% of the people with arthritis are women. Gout is more common in men. Genetic: Specific genes are associated with a higher risk of certain types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and ankylosing spondylitis.
Modifiable risk factors
Overweight and Obesity: Excess weight can contribute to both the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis. Joint Injuries: Damage to a joint can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis in that joint. Infection: Many microbial agents can infect joints and potentially cause the development of various forms of arthritis. Occupation: Certain occupations involving repetitive knee bending and squatting are associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. </s> |
What are the causes of Whipworm infection ? | Whipworm infection is caused by the roundworm, Trichocephalus trichiura. It is a common infection that mainly affects children.
Children may become infected if they swallow soil contaminated with whipworm eggs. When the eggs hatch inside the body, the whipworm sticks inside the wall of the large intestine.
Whipworm is found throughout the world, especially in countries with warm, humid climates. Some outbreaks have been traced to contaminated vegetables (believed to be due to soil contamination). </s> |
What to expect if I have Aphthous ulcer (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Aphthous ulcers usually heal on their own. The pain usually decreases in a few days. Other symptoms disappear in 10 to 14 days. </s> |
When to seek urgent medical care when I have Hernia ? | Call your doctor right away if:
You have a painful hernia and the contents cannot be pushed back into the abdomen using gentle pressure. You develop nausea, vomiting, or a fever along with a painful hernia. You have a hernia that becomes red, purple, dark, or discolored. You have groin pain, swelling, or a bulge. You have a bulge or swelling in the groin or belly button, or that is associated with a previous surgical cut. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Hyperhidrosis? | The primary symptom of hyperhidrosis is wetness. </s> |
What to expect if I have Fibromyalgia (Outlook/Prognosis)? | Fibromyalgia is a long-term disorder. Sometimes, the symptoms improve. Other times, the pain may get worse and continue for months or years. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Gender identity disorder? | Symptoms can vary by age, and are affected by the person's social environment. They may include the following:
Children:
Are disgusted by their own genitals Are rejected by their peers, feel alone Believe that they will grow up to become the opposite sex Have depression or anxiety Say that they want to be the opposite sex
Adults:
Dress like the opposite sex Feel alone Have depression or anxiety Want to live as a person of the opposite sex Wish to be rid of their own genitals
Either adults or children:
Cross-dress, show habits typical of the opposite sex Withdraw from social interaction </s> |
What do abnormal results mean? | Abnormal values may be a sign that you are at increased risk for atherosclerosis and related disorders, including:
Heart disease Kidney disease Poor blood supply to the legs Stroke </s> |
Who is at highest risk for Chronic low back pain ? | You are at particular risk for low back pain if you:
Are over age 30 Are pregnant Feel stressed or depressed Have arthritis or osteoporosis Smoke Do not exercise Are overweight Have a job that requires heavy lifting, a lot of bending and twisting, or whole body vibration (such as truck driving or using a sandblaster) </s> |
What to expect if I have Relapsing fever (Outlook/Prognosis)? | The death rate for untreated LBRF ranges from 10 - 70%. In TBRF, it is 4 -10%. With early treatment, the death rate is reduced. Those who have developed coma, myocarditis, liver problems, or pneumonia are more likely to die. </s> |
What are the symptoms of Horner's syndrome? | Decreased sweating on the affected side of the face Drooping eyelid (ptosis) Sinking of the eyeball into the face Small (constricted) pupil (the black part in the center of the eye)
There may also be symptoms of the disorder that is causing the problem. </s> |
Subsets and Splits