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2hop__253914_71986
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. This is the last season to be aired in standard definition, with the only exception being the grand finale.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Matinee Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The Matinee Idol is a 1928 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra, and starring Bessie Love and Johnnie Walker. A Broadway star falls in love with a woman who does not know his real identity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "You Give Love a Bad Name",
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Love a Bad Name ''is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi, released as the first single from their 1986 album Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, and Desmond Child about a woman who has jilted her lover, the song reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on November 29, 1986 and became the band's first number one hit. In 2007, the song reentered the charts at No. 29 after Blake Lewis performed it on American Idol. In 2009 it was named the 20th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1. Despite the lyrics of the chorus, the song should not be confused with`` Shot Through the Heart'', an unrelated song from Bon Jovi's 1984 self - titled debut album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts",
"paragraph_text": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts (, also known as \"Love Is Eternal, as Long as It Lasts\") is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film written, directed and starred by Carlo Verdone. For her performance Laura Morante won the Nastro d'Argento for best actress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Through the Eyes of Love",
"paragraph_text": "``Through the Eyes of Love (Theme from Ice Castles) ''(sometimes incorrectly referred to as`` Looking Through the Eyes of Love''), is an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award - nominated ballad performed by American singer Melissa Manchester, from the soundtrack of the 1978 film Ice Castles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Will to Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Will to Love\" is a song written by Neil Young that was first released on his 1977 album \"American Stars 'N Bars\". A promotional single of \"Will to Love\" was released, backed with a live performance of \"Cortez the Killer.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Lieberman in Love",
"paragraph_text": "Lieberman in Love is a 1995 American short film directed by Christine Lahti. It won an Oscar in 1996 for Best Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Love You I Do",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love You I Do\" is a song performed by American R&B singer Jennifer Hudson in the 2006 film \"Dreamgirls\". The music for the song was written by Henry Krieger, composer of the original Broadway play, with lyrics by Siedah Garrett. It is one of the four songs featured in the film that are not present in the original Broadway play. It was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Original Song, and won the 2008 Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Notes of Love",
"paragraph_text": "Notes of Love (, , also known as \"The Word Love Exists\" and \"Love Notes\") is a 1998 Italian-French romance film directed by Mimmo Calopresti. For her performance Valeria Bruni Tedeschi won the David di Donatello Award for best actress. The film also won the Nastro d'Argento for best script and the Ciak d'oro for best supporting actress (to Marina Confalone).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "In My Head (Jason Derulo song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"In My Head\" is a song by American singer Jason Derulo, released as the second single from his self-titled debut studio album. It was first released via digital download on December 10, 2009. It topped the charts in Australia, Poland and the United Kingdom, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in several other countries. The song's official remix has a heavier R&B sound, and features American rapper Nicki Minaj. Derulo performed the song on the ninth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the performer of Love You I Do was on it?
|
[
{
"id": 253914,
"question": "Love You I Do >> performer",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 71986,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 was on it",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__81087_489272
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Captain Morgan's Revenge",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Morgan's Revenge is the debut album by the Scottish pirate metal band Alestorm, released in 2008 by Napalm Records.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Edward Teague, played by Keith Richards, is Jack's father. He is the former pirate lord of Madagascar and is now the keeper of the Pirate Code. He appears in At World's End, On Stranger Tides and Dead Men Tell No Tales.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Captain Phillips (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Phillips is a 2013 American biographical survival thriller film directed by Paul Greengrass and starring Tom Hanks and Barkhad Abdi. The film is inspired by the true story of the 2009 Maersk Alabama hijacking, an incident during which merchant mariner Captain Richard Phillips was taken hostage by pirates in the Indian Ocean led by Abduwali Muse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean (attraction)",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean is a dark ride attraction at Disneyland, the Magic Kingdom, Tokyo Disneyland, and Disneyland Park in Paris. The original version at Disneyland, which opened in 1967, was the last attraction whose construction was overseen by Walt Disney; he died three months before it opened. The ride, which tells the story of a band of pirates and their troubles and exploits, was replicated at the Magic Kingdom in 1973, at Tokyo Disneyland in 1983, and at Disneyland Paris in 1992. Each of the initial four versions of the ride has a different façade but a similar ride experience. A reimagined version of the ride, Pirates of the Caribbean: Battle for the Sunken Treasure, opened at the Shanghai Disneyland Park in 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Paul Paddick",
"paragraph_text": "Paul Paddick is an Australian singer and actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Captain Feathersword, ``the friendly pirate, ''a character associated with the children's band The Wiggles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Theodora Richards",
"paragraph_text": "Theodora Dupree Richards (born March 18, 1985) is an American model and the daughter of Patti Hansen and Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, and the older sister of Alexandra Richards.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters",
"paragraph_text": "William ``Bootstrap Bill ''Turner Sr. is a fictional pirate in Disney's Pirates of the Caribbean film series. Although he is only mentioned in the first film, he appears in the first two sequels, portrayed by Stellan Skarsgård.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Lee Arenberg",
"paragraph_text": "Lee Arenberg (born July 18, 1962) is an American actor, best known for his role as Pintel, one of Captain Barbossa's crew, in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. He currently has a recurring role as the dwarf Grumpy in the television series Once Upon a Time. He attended UCLA as a theatre major.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean)",
"paragraph_text": "Davy Jones is a fictional character and one of the main antagonists of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, portrayed by Bill Nighy. He debut in the second film Dead Man's Chest as the main antagonist and return in the third film At World's End as one of the two main antagonists (the other is Cutler Beckett), respectively, and appear at the end of the series' fifth installment, Dead Men Tell No Tales who suggests will back in a possibile sixth film. He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman (based on the ghost ship of the same name).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey",
"paragraph_text": "Àstrid Bergès - Frisbey (born 26 May 1986) is a French - Spanish actress and model. She is best known for playing Suzanne in The Sea Wall, the mermaid Syrena in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides and Sofi in I Origins. She is the recipient of the Prix Suzanne Bianchetti in 2009 and the Trophée Chopard Award for Female Revelation of the Year at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and a nomination at the 2016 David di Donatello in Rome.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jack Sparrow",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Jack Sparrow is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the \"Pirates of the Caribbean\" film series. The character was created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio and is portrayed by Johnny Depp. The characterization of Sparrow is based on a combination of The Rolling Stones' guitarist Keith Richards and Looney Tunes cartoon character Pepé Le Pew. He first appears in the 2003 film \"\". He later appears in the sequels \"\" (2006), \"\" (2007), \"\" (2011), and \"\" (2017).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean is a Disney media franchise encompassing numerous theme park attractions, a series of films, and spin - off novels, as well as a number of related video games and other media publications. The franchise originated with the Pirates of the Caribbean theme ride attraction, which opened at Disneyland in 1967 and was one of the last Disney theme park attractions overseen by Walt Disney. Disney based the ride on pirate legends and folklore. As of October 2016, Pirates of the Caribbean attractions can be found at five Disney theme parks. Their related films have grossed over US $3.7 billion worldwide as of January 2015, putting the film franchise 11th in the list of all - time highest grossing franchises and film series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Armando Salazar is an undead pirate hunter who commands the ghost ship the Silent Mary. He appears in the fifth film, Dead Men Tell No Tales and is portrayed by Javier Bardem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sam Claflin",
"paragraph_text": "Samuel George Claflin (born 27 June 1986) is an English actor. He is known for portraying Finnick Odair in The Hunger Games film series, Philip Swift in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Will Traynor in Me Before You, Alex in ``Love Rosie ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sam Claflin",
"paragraph_text": "Samuel George Claflin (born 27 June 1986) is an English actor. He is known for portraying Finnick Odair in The Hunger Games film series, Philip Swift in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, and Will Traynor in Me Before You.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (soundtrack)",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Film score by Klaus Badelt Released July 22, 2003 Genre Orchestral Length 43: 50 Label Walt Disney Producer Klaus Badelt, Hans Zimmer Klaus Badelt chronology The Time Machine (2002) The Time Machine 2002 The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003) Constantine (2005) Constantine 2005 Pirates of the Caribbean chronology The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003) The Curse of the Black Pearl2003 Pirates Remixed (2006) Pirates Remixed 2006",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End is a 2007 American epic fantasy swashbuckler film directed by Gore Verbinski, the third installment of the Pirates of the Caribbean film series and the sequel to Dead Man's Chest (2006). The plot follows Will Turner, Elizabeth Swann, Hector Barbossa, and the crew of the Black Pearl rescuing Captain Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones's Locker, and then preparing to fight the East India Trading Company, led by Cutler Beckett, who controls Davy Jones and plans to extinguish piracy forever. It is the last film in the series to be directed by Verbinski. It was filmed in two shoots during 2005 and 2006, the former simultaneously with the preceding film, Dead Man's Chest. With a production budget of $300 million, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End was the most expensive film ever made at the time of its release, even after adjusting for inflation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Tia Dalma",
"paragraph_text": "Tia Dalma, played by Naomie Harris, is a fictional character from the films Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. It is revealed in At World's End that she is the sea goddess Calypso.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean)",
"paragraph_text": "Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, portrayed by Bill Nighy. He appears in the second and third films, Dead Man's Chest and At World's End, respectively, and cameos in the series' fifth installment, Dead Men Tell No Tales. He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman (based on the ghost ship of the same name).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Lee Arenberg",
"paragraph_text": "Lee Arenberg (born July 18, 1962) is an American actor, best known for his role as Pintel, one of Captain Barbossa's crew, in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series. He also had a recurring role as the dwarf Grumpy in the television series Once Upon a Time. He attended UCLA as a theatre major.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the spouse of the actor who played Captain T in Pirates of the Caribbean?
|
[
{
"id": 81087,
"question": "who played captain t in pirates of the caribbean",
"answer": "Keith Richards",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 489272,
"question": "#1 >> spouse",
"answer": "Patti Hansen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Patti Hansen
|
[] | true |
2hop__142865_127008
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Bach to the Blues",
"paragraph_text": "Bach to the Blues is an album performed by the Ramsey Lewis Trio that was recorded in 1964 and released on the Argo label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Acoustic (John Lennon album)",
"paragraph_text": "Acoustic is a compilation album of John Lennon demos, studio and live performances that feature his acoustic guitar work and was released in 2004.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "16 de Septiembre",
"paragraph_text": "16 de Septiembre is a studio album released by American performer Little Joe and his band La Familia, named after the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. It was released in 1991 by Sony Music Entertainment. The album peaked at number 14 in the \"Billboard\" Regional Mexican Albums chart and earned Little Joe the Grammy Award for Best Mexican-American Performance at the 34th Grammy Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Are You Gonna Go My Way",
"paragraph_text": "Are You Gonna Go My Way is the third studio album by American rock musician Lenny Kravitz, released on March 9, 1993 by Virgin Records. It was recorded at Waterfront Studios, Hoboken, New Jersey by Henry Hirsch. It became Kravitz's first top 20 album on the United States Billboard 200, and his first number one album in both Australia and the United Kingdom, achieving massive worldwide success that helped to establish his popularity as a performer. The album was certified Platinum twice in the United States, for shipments of over 2.2 million copies, making it his third most successful album there, totalling over 4 million copies in worldwide sales.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "6ix by 3hree",
"paragraph_text": "6ix by 3hree (\"Six By Three\") is a video compilation by Duran Duran released in 1989 on VHS and LaserDisc. There is currently no commercial DVD release available but the whole compilation was included as an extra on the 2010 DD Fan Club DVD release of 'Three To Get Ready'. The six videos of the title are from the bands' albums \"Notorious\" and \"Big Thing\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)",
"paragraph_text": "``Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This) ''is a song written and performed by the British new wave music duo Eurythmics. The song is the title track of their album of the same name and was released as the fourth and final single from the album in early 1983. The song became their breakthrough hit, establishing the duo worldwide. Its music video helped to propel the song to number 2 on the UK Singles Chart and number 1 on the US Billboard Hot 100. It was the first single released by Eurythmics in the US.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Matador (Kenny Dorham album)",
"paragraph_text": "Matador is an album by American jazz trumpeter Kenny Dorham featuring performances recorded in 1962 and released on the United Artists label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Fly 6ix",
"paragraph_text": "Fly 6ix is a former passenger airline with its head office in Freetown, Sierra Leone, operating out of Lungi International Airport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "African Venus",
"paragraph_text": "African Venus is an album by American jazz saxophonist Dewey Redman featuring performances recorded in 1992 and released on the Evidence label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Tropicana Nights",
"paragraph_text": "Tropicana Nights is a studio album released by the Cuban jazz performer Paquito D'Rivera on November 11, 2008. The album earned D'Rivera the Latin Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Album in 2000.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "It's in Your Eyes",
"paragraph_text": "\"It's in Your Eyes\" is a single performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the second single from his album \"Dance into the Light\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jesus at the Center: Live",
"paragraph_text": "Jesus at the Center: Live is a contemporary worship live album recorded and performed by Israel & New Breed. The album is released by Integrity Media and Columbia Records. The album was recorded live at Lakewood Church in early February 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "The Alleycats (University of St Andrews)",
"paragraph_text": "The Alleycats are a collegiate a cappella group, hailing from the University of St Andrews, Scotland. The group was established in 2001. Since then, they have produced 9 albums, performing across the UK.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Substitution Mass Confusion: A Tribute to The Cars",
"paragraph_text": "Substitution Mass Confusion: A Tribute to The Cars is a 2005 compilation album featuring covers of songs originally performed by the American rock band The Cars. The album was released by Not Lame Recordings. Many of the performers featured on the album were from the Boston area, where The Cars first gained exposure in the late 1970s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Willies",
"paragraph_text": "The Willies is the 15th album by Bill Frisell to be released on the Elektra Nonesuch label. It was released in 2002 and features performances by Frisell, Danny Barnes and Keith Lowe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Back at One (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Back at One ''is a song written and performed by American recording artist Brian McKnight, taken from his fifth studio album of the same name. The album was released in 1999.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Top and Bottom Brass",
"paragraph_text": "Top and Bottom Brass is an album by trumpeter Clark Terry featuring performances recorded in early 1959 and originally released on the Riverside label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "I'm on Fire",
"paragraph_text": "\"I'm on Fire\" is a song written and performed by American rock performer Bruce Springsteen. Released in 1985, it was the fourth single from his album \"Born in the U.S.A.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Duran Duran",
"paragraph_text": "Duran Duran () are an English new wave band formed in Birmingham in 1978. The band were one of the most successful acts of the 1980s, but by the end of the decade, membership and music style changes challenged the band before a resurgence in the early 1990s. The group were a leading band in the MTV-driven Second British Invasion of the US in the 1980s. They achieved 14 singles in the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart and 21 in the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and have sold over 100 million records worldwide.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Dance into the Light (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Dance into the Light\" is a song performed by Phil Collins and released in 1996 as the first single from the album \"Dance into the Light\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When was the performer who released the album 6ix by 3hree established?
|
[
{
"id": 142865,
"question": "Which performer released the album 6ix by 3hree?",
"answer": "Duran Duran",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 127008,
"question": "When was #1 established?",
"answer": "1978",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
1978
|
[] | true |
2hop__425022_90928
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Thaddeus Shideler",
"paragraph_text": "Thaddeus \"Thad\" Rutter Shideler (October 17, 1883 – June 22, 1966) was an American hurdler who competed in the early twentieth century. He competed in athletics at the 1904 Summer Olympics and won a silver medal in the 110 meters hurdles. Fred Schule won the gold medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "In My Head (Jason Derulo song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"In My Head\" is a song by American singer Jason Derulo, released as the second single from his self-titled debut studio album. It was first released via digital download on December 10, 2009. It topped the charts in Australia, Poland and the United Kingdom, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in several other countries. The song's official remix has a heavier R&B sound, and features American rapper Nicki Minaj. Derulo performed the song on the ninth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Giving Myself",
"paragraph_text": "\"Giving Myself\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Jennifer Hudson. It was written and produced by singer-songwriter Robin Thicke, along with his frequent co-producer Pro Jay, for her eponymous debut album, released in 2008. An eleventh hour replacement for Timbaland-produced \"Pocketbook\", the pop–soul ballad was selected as the album's third and final single and sent to US radios on June 2, 2009. Upon release, it charted at number 84 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The enormous success of the show and the revenue it generated was transformative for Fox Broadcasting Company. American Idol and fellow competing shows Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire were altogether credited for expanding reality television programming in the United States in the 1990s and 2000s, and Idol became the most watched non-scripted primetime television series for almost a decade, from 2003 to 2012, breaking records on U.S. television (dominated by drama shows and sitcoms in the preceding decades).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "1947 South American Basketball Championship",
"paragraph_text": "The South American Basketball Championship 1947 was the thirteenth South American Basketball Championship. It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and won by the Uruguay national basketball team. 6 teams competed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Glen Graham",
"paragraph_text": "Glenn Graham (January 17, 1904 – July 1986) was an American athlete who competed in the men's pole vault. He competed in Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris and won silver, behind fellow American pole vaulter Lee Barnes who won gold.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "You Give Love a Bad Name",
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Love a Bad Name ''is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi, released as the first single from their 1986 album Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, and Desmond Child about a woman who has jilted her lover, the song reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on November 29, 1986 and became the band's first number one hit. In 2007, the song reentered the charts at No. 29 after Blake Lewis performed it on American Idol. In 2009 it was named the 20th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1. Despite the lyrics of the chorus, the song should not be confused with`` Shot Through the Heart'', an unrelated song from Bon Jovi's 1984 self - titled debut album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "John Keller",
"paragraph_text": "John Frederick Keller (November 10, 1928 – October 6, 2000) was an American basketball player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He competed in three games as a member of the American basketball team, which won the gold medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Courtney Johnson (water polo)",
"paragraph_text": "Courtney Johnson (born May 7, 1974 in Salt Lake City, Utah) is an American water polo player, who competed in the 2000 Olympics where women's water polo made its debut. She won a silver medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She competed at the 1998 World Championships in Perth, Australia and the 2001 World Championships In Fukuoka, Japan. She won a silver medal at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Spider Maxwell",
"paragraph_text": "Michael \"Spider\" Maxwell is a retired American gymnast. He competed for Penn State University and won the 1987 Nissen Award (the \"Heisman\" of men's gymnastics).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the performer of Giving Myself competed?
|
[
{
"id": 425022,
"question": "Giving Myself >> performer",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 90928,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 competed",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__253914_69821
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Matinee Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The Matinee Idol is a 1928 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra, and starring Bessie Love and Johnnie Walker. A Broadway star falls in love with a woman who does not know his real identity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl",
"paragraph_text": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl is a 1961 teen film directed by Jack Sher starring singing idols Tommy Sands and Fabian.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "J'aime la vie",
"paragraph_text": "\"J'aime la vie\" (, \"I Love Life\") was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1986, performed for Belgium by Sandra Kim. Belgium had finished the 1985 Contest in last place, and thus achieved the rare turnaround from last to first in the space of one year. The song also marks the only time to date that Belgium has won the Contest. The song was also released on Kim's album \"J'aime la vie\" in 1986.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Earlier in her career, she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. In the early stages of her career, she was sometimes referred to as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Lieberman in Love",
"paragraph_text": "Lieberman in Love is a 1995 American short film directed by Christine Lahti. It won an Oscar in 1996 for Best Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Better Man (Little Big Town song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Better Man ''is a song written by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift and performed by American country group Little Big Town, released on October 20, 2016. It served as the lead single from the group's eighth studio album, The Breaker, which was released on February 24, 2017.`` Better Man'' was first performed live at the 50th CMA Awards on November 2, 2016. The song won Song of the Year and was nominated for Single of the Year, and Music Video of the Year at the 2017 CMA Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Love You I Do",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love You I Do\" is a song performed by American R&B singer Jennifer Hudson in the 2006 film \"Dreamgirls\". The music for the song was written by Henry Krieger, composer of the original Broadway play, with lyrics by Siedah Garrett. It is one of the four songs featured in the film that are not present in the original Broadway play. It was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Original Song, and won the 2008 Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Notes of Love",
"paragraph_text": "Notes of Love (, , also known as \"The Word Love Exists\" and \"Love Notes\") is a 1998 Italian-French romance film directed by Mimmo Calopresti. For her performance Valeria Bruni Tedeschi won the David di Donatello Award for best actress. The film also won the Nastro d'Argento for best script and the Ciak d'oro for best supporting actress (to Marina Confalone).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You Give Love a Bad Name",
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Love a Bad Name ''is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi, released as the first single from their 1986 album Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, and Desmond Child about a woman who has jilted her lover, the song reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on November 29, 1986 and became the band's first number one hit. In 2007, the song reentered the charts at No. 29 after Blake Lewis performed it on American Idol. In 2009 it was named the 20th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1. Despite the lyrics of the chorus, the song should not be confused with`` Shot Through the Heart'', an unrelated song from Bon Jovi's 1984 self - titled debut album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol the year that "Love You I Do's" performer was on?
|
[
{
"id": 253914,
"question": "Love You I Do >> performer",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 69821,
"question": "who won american idol the year #1 was on",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__146944_365684
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Di Yi",
"paragraph_text": "Di Yi (Chinese: 帝乙) was a king of the Shang dynasty of China from 1101BC to 1076 BC. His capital was at Yin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Love Letter (1995 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Love Letter is a 1995 Japanese film directed by Shunji Iwai and starring Miho Nakayama. The film was shot almost entirely on the island of Hokkaidō, mainly in the city of Otaru.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Trinidad and Tobago",
"paragraph_text": "As the majority of the population live in the island of Trinidad, this is the location of most major towns and cities. There are four major municipalities in Trinidad: Port of Spain, the capital, San Fernando, Arima and Chaguanas. The main town in Tobago is Scarborough. Trinidad is made up of a variety of soil types, the majority being fine sands and heavy clays. The alluvial valleys of the Northern Range and the soils of the East - West Corridor are the most fertile.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Salmas County",
"paragraph_text": "Salmas County () is a county in West Azarbaijan Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Salmas. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 180,708 . The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Kuhsar District. The county has two cities: Salmas and Tazeh Shahr. A few thousand Armenians live in the district, and comprise the second largest population of minorities in the Province after Urmia County.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Miho Klaić",
"paragraph_text": "Miho Klaić (Dubrovnik, August 19, 1829 – Zadar, January 3, 1896) was a Croatian politician and a leader of the Croatian revival in Dalmatia.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "History of Kolkata",
"paragraph_text": "Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European philosophies with Indian tradition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Washington Post",
"paragraph_text": "The Washington Post is an American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877. It is the largest newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States, and has a particular emphasis on national politics. Its slogan is ``Democracy Dies in Darkness. ''Daily broadsheet editions are printed for the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Roman Republic",
"paragraph_text": "Life in the Roman Republic revolved around the city of Rome, and its famed seven hills. The city also had several theatres, gymnasiums, and many taverns, baths and brothels. Throughout the territory under Rome's control, residential architecture ranged from very modest houses to country villas, and in the capital city of Rome, to the residences on the elegant Palatine Hill, from which the word \"palace\" is derived. The vast majority of the population lived in the city center, packed into apartment blocks.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Punjab, Pakistan",
"paragraph_text": "The capital and largest city is Lahore which was the historical capital of the wider Punjab region. Other important cities include Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Multan, Sialkot, Bahawalpur, Gujrat, Sheikhupura, Jhelum and Sahiwal. Undivided Punjab is home to six rivers, of which five flow through Pakistani Punjab. From west to east, these are: the Indus, Jhelum, Beas, Chenab, Ravi and Sutlej. Nearly 60% of Pakistan's population lives in the Punjab. It is the nation's only province that touches every other province; it also surrounds the federal enclave of the national capital city at Islamabad. In the acronym P-A-K-I-S-T-A-N, the P is for Punjab.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Chang'an",
"paragraph_text": "Chang'an ([ʈʂʰǎŋ.án] (listen); simplified Chinese: 长安; traditional Chinese: 長安) was an ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history, today known as Xi'an. Chang'an means \"Perpetual Peace\" in Classical Chinese since it was a capital that was repeatedly used by new Chinese rulers. During the short-lived Xin dynasty, the city was renamed \"Constant Peace\" (Chinese: 常安; pinyin: Cháng'ān); the old name was later restored. By the time of the Ming dynasty, a new walled city named Xi'an, meaning \"Western Peace\", was built at the Sui and Tang dynasty city's site, which has remained its name to the present day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Capital Department, Salta",
"paragraph_text": "Capital is a department located in Salta Province, Argentina. It is the department of the provincial capital, the city of Salta, and the most populated one.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of cities and towns in India by nicknames",
"paragraph_text": "City / town Nickname Chennai (Madras) Detroit of Asia Automobile Capital of India Healthcare Capital of India Coimbatore Manchester of South India Madurai Athens of the East City of Festivals City that never Sleeps Puducherry (Pondicherry) Paris of the East Tirunelveli City of paddy fields Oxford of Southindia Tuticorin (Thoothukudi) Pearl City",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "National Workers Memorial (Australia)",
"paragraph_text": "The National Workers Memorial in the national capital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, is Australia's place for honouring workers who have died as a result of work-related accidents, incidents and disease.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "North Island",
"paragraph_text": "Twelve main urban areas (half of them officially cities) are in the North Island. From north to south, they are Whangarei, Auckland, Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, Gisborne, New Plymouth, Napier, Hastings, Whanganui, Palmerston North, and Wellington, the capital, located at the south - west extremity of the island. About 77% of New Zealand's population lives in the North Island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Abuja",
"paragraph_text": "Abuja (/ əˈbuːdʒə /) is the capital city of Nigeria located in the centre of the country within the Federal Capital Territory (FCT). It is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s, replacing the country's most populous city of Lagos as the capital on 12 December 1991. Abuja's geography is defined by Aso Rock, a 400 - metre (1,300 ft) monolith left by water erosion. The Presidential Complex, National Assembly, Supreme Court and much of the city extend to the south of the rock. Zuma Rock, a 792 - metre (2,598 ft) monolith, lies just north of the city on the expressway to Kaduna.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "List of cities and towns in India by nicknames",
"paragraph_text": "City / town Nickname Trivandrum (Thiruvananthapuram) Evergreen City of India Kochi (Cochin) Queen of Arabian Sea Kozhikode (Calicut) City of Spices. Kannur (Cannanore) City of Looms and Lores. Kottayam City of letters (Aksharanagri) City of Murals City of latex City of lakes Kollam (Quilon) Cashew Capital of the World Alappuzha (Alleppey) Venice of east Kasaragod Land of Seven Languages (സപ്തഭാഷസംഗമഭൂമി, Saptabashasangamabhoomi) Harkwillia Palakkad Land of Palm trees Rice bowl of Kerala Thrissur The Cultural capital of Kerala Land of Poorams (പൂരങ്ങളുടെ നാട്) The land of Vadakkumnathan (വടക്കുംനാഥന്റെ മണ്ണ്) Gold capital of India Wayanad God's own district",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "History of the Forbidden City",
"paragraph_text": "The site of the Forbidden City was situated on the Imperial city during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. After the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital from Beijing in the north to Nanjing in the south, and in 1369 ordered that the Yuan palaces be razed. His son Zhu Di was created Prince of Yan with his seat in Beijing. In 1402, Zhu Di usurped the throne and became the Yongle Emperor. He made Beijing a secondary capital of the Ming empire, and construction began in 1406 of what would become the Forbidden City. The Forbidden City's plan was designed by many architects and designers, and then it was examined by the Emperor's Ministry of Work. The chief architects and engineers include Cai Xin, Nguyen An, a Vietnamese eunuch, Kuai Xiang, Lu Xiang and others.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Radovin",
"paragraph_text": "Radovin is a small village in Zadar County, Croatia, located near the city of Zadar and belongs to the municipality of Ražanac. The population is 549 people (census 2011).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Austin City Limits",
"paragraph_text": "Austin City Limits (ACL) is an American public television music program recorded live in Austin, Texas, by Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) member television station KLRU, and broadcast on many PBS stations around the United States. The show helped Austin to become widely known as the \"Live Music Capital of the World\", and is the only television show to receive the National Medal of Arts, which it was awarded in 2003. It also won a rare institutional Peabody Award in 2011 \"for its more than three decades of presenting and preserving eclectic American musical genres.\" For the first 12 seasons (1976–87), \"Austin City Limits\" was produced by the Southwest Texas Public Broadcasting Council. Beginning in season 13 (1988), \"Austin City Limits\" moved to its current production home at Austin's PBS affiliate KLRU, the Capital of Texas Public Telecommunications Council. The show was created in 1974 by Bill Arhos, Bruce Scafe, and Paul Bosner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Tumaco",
"paragraph_text": "Tumaco is accessible by plane, from the western city of Cali, one of the main urban centers of the country, well connected to Bogotá, the capital city. It can also be reached by land via highway from the city of Pasto, the capital city of the Nariño Department. Tumaco is known for being the hometown of many great Colombian soccer players, including Willington Ortiz.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The city where Miho Klaić died is the capital of what county?
|
[
{
"id": 146944,
"question": "What city did Miho Klaić live when he died?",
"answer": "Zadar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 365684,
"question": "#1 >> capital of",
"answer": "Zadar County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Zadar County
|
[] | true |
2hop__41221_84668
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players",
"paragraph_text": "Lleyton Hewitt is both the youngest world No. 1 (20 years, 268 days) and youngest year - end No. 1, while Rafael Nadal is the oldest year - end No. 1 (31 years, 211 days). Roger Federer is the oldest No. 1 (36 years, 314 days).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sind Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Sind Club is the oldest club located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was started in 1871 as an exclusive gentlemen's club.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Deepika (newspaper)",
"paragraph_text": "Deepika, a Malayalam language newspaper, is one of the oldest newspapers published in India. Started in 1887, it is the oldest Malayalam newspaper now in circulation. Deepika publishes editions from Kottayam, Kochi, Kannur, Thrissur, Thiruvananthapuram and Kozhikode.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It has been argued that the term \"civil disobedience\" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew it has become a code-word describing the activities of muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mahatma Gandhi",
"paragraph_text": "Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡæn - /; Hindustani: (ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); 2 October 1869 -- 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: ``high - souled '',`` venerable'') -- applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa -- is now used worldwide. In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa) and Gandhi ji, and known as the Father of the Nation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Phonograph record",
"paragraph_text": "A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove. The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc. At first, the discs were commonly made from shellac; starting in the 1950s polyvinyl chloride became common. In recent decades, records have sometimes been called vinyl records, or simply vinyl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Geological history of Earth",
"paragraph_text": "The Paleozoic spanned from roughly 541 to 252 million years ago (Ma) and is subdivided into six geologic periods; from oldest to youngest they are the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian. Geologically, the Paleozoic starts shortly after the breakup of a supercontinent called Pannotia and at the end of a global ice age. Throughout the early Paleozoic, the Earth's landmass was broken up into a substantial number of relatively small continents. Toward the end of the era the continents gathered together into a supercontinent called Pangaea, which included most of the Earth's land area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India initiated by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 24 - day march began from 12 March 1930 and continued until 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly, and it gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide non co-operation movement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum, Classical Latin: (ɪmˈpɛ. ri. ũː roːˈmaː. nũː); Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, with a government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's population grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500 - year - old republic which preceded it had been severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Phonograph record",
"paragraph_text": "A further limitation of the gramophone record is that fidelity steadily declines as playback progresses; there is more vinyl per second available for fine reproduction of high frequencies at the large-diameter beginning of the groove than exist at the smaller-diameters close to the end of the side. At the start of a groove on an LP there are 510 mm of vinyl per second traveling past the stylus while the ending of the groove gives 200–210 mm of vinyl per second — less than half the linear resolution. Distortion towards the end of the side is likely to become more apparent as record wear increases.*",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Peyton Manning",
"paragraph_text": "Manning holds many NFL records, including touchdown passes (539), AP MVP awards (5), Pro Bowl appearances (14), 4,000 - yard passing seasons (14), single - season passing yards (5,477 in 2013), single - season passing touchdowns (55 in 2013), and is second in career passing yards (71,940). A two - time Super Bowl winner and the most valuable player of Super Bowl XLI, Manning is also the only quarterback to start the Super Bowl for two franchises more than once each, with different coaches at each Super Bowl start (Dungy, Caldwell, Fox, Kubiak), and the only starting quarterback to win a Super Bowl with two franchises. At 39 years of age, Manning was the oldest quarterback to start in and win a Super Bowl, a feat matched the following year by Tom Brady. Manning is still technically the oldest to win a Super Bowl when months and days are taken into account, given that his birthday is in March and Brady's is in August.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Civil rights movement",
"paragraph_text": "The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations and productive dialogues between activists and government authorities. Federal, state, and local governments, businesses, and communities often had to respond immediately to these situations, which highlighted the inequities faced by African Americans. The lynching of Emmett Till and the visceral response to his mother's decision to have an open - casket funeral mobilized the African - American community nationwide. Forms of protest and / or civil disobedience included boycotts such as the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 -- 56) in Alabama; ``sit - ins ''such as the influential Greensboro sit - ins (1960) in North Carolina and successful Nashville sit - ins in Tennessee; marches, such as the Birmingham Children's Crusade and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama; and a wide range of other nonviolent activities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the empire in which the oldest recorded record of civil disobedience is found, start and end?
|
[
{
"id": 41221,
"question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 84668,
"question": "when did #1 end and start",
"answer": "c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400
|
[] | true |
2hop__327570_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Portuguese pavement (in Portuguese, Calçada Portuguesa) is a kind of two-tone stone mosaic paving created in Portugal, and common throughout the Lusosphere. Most commonly taking the form of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex, it also is used to create complex pictorial mosaics in styles ranging from iconography to classicism and even modern design. In Portuguese-speaking countries, many cities have a large amount of their sidewalks and even, though far more occasionally, streets done in this mosaic form. Lisbon in particular maintains almost all walkways in this style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hope (Burne-Jones)",
"paragraph_text": "Hope is a late oil painting by the Pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones. It was painted on commission for Mrs. George Marston Whitin of Whitinsville, Massachusetts in 1896.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "An exceptionally well preserved, carpet-like mosaic floor was uncovered in 1949 in Bethany, the early Byzantine church of the Lazarium which was built between 333 and 390. Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem. A second church was built above the older one during the 6th century with another more simple geometric mosaic floor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Saving Hope",
"paragraph_text": "Saving Hope was a Canadian supernatural medical drama television series set in the fictional Hope Zion Hospital in Toronto, Ontario. The show's premise originated with Malcolm MacRury and Morwyn Brebner, who are both credited as creators and executive producers. The pilot was filmed in Toronto. Saving Hope initially aired from June 7, 2012, to August 3, 2017, on CTV, and on NBC for its first season. During the course of the series, 85 episodes of Saving Hope aired over five seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The creator of a painting named Hope is noted for creating mosaics in what century?
|
[
{
"id": 327570,
"question": "Hope >> creator",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__3444_71986
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Earlier in her career, she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Ron Bozman",
"paragraph_text": "Ron Bozman is an American film producer who won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1991 for the film \"The Silence of the Lambs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Edward Stewart (set decorator)",
"paragraph_text": "Edward Stewart (January 20, 1915 – August 30, 1999) was an American set decorator. He won an Academy Award and was nominated for another in the category Best Art Direction.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Pakistan Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Pakistan Idol is a Pakistani reality singing competition that is part of the \"Idols\" franchise created by Simon Fuller and owned by 19 Entertainment and FremantleMedia. It is the 50th adaptation of the familiar reality competition format introduced in the British series \"Pop Idol\" in 2001. It is developed for the Pakistani entertainment market by Geo TV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Starland Vocal Band",
"paragraph_text": "The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. The band won two awards from four nominations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "David MacMillan (sound engineer)",
"paragraph_text": "David MacMillan is an American sound engineer. He has won three Academy Awards for Best Sound. He has worked on over 70 films since 1973.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. This is the last season to be aired in standard definition, with the only exception being the grand finale.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. In the early stages of her career, she was sometimes referred to as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "List of American films of 1944",
"paragraph_text": "Below is a list of American films released in 1944. \"Going My Way\" won Best Picture at the Academy Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Amores perros",
"paragraph_text": "The soundtrack includes songs by Latin American rock bands including Café Tacuba, Control Machete, and Bersuit Vergarabat. \"Amores perros\" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2000 and won the Ariel Award for Best Picture from the Mexican Academy of Film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Singapore Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Singapore Idol is a reality television singing competition created by Simon Fuller and produced by MediaCorp Studios and FremantleMedia Operations BV. It began airing on MediaCorp Channel 5 on 9 August 2004, as an addition to the Idol franchise based on the UK show Pop Idol, and became one of the most popular shows in the history of Singaporean television.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the idol who won an Academy Award was on it?
|
[
{
"id": 3444,
"question": "Which Idol won an Academy Award?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 71986,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 was on it",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__109254_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "An exceptionally well preserved, carpet-like mosaic floor was uncovered in 1949 in Bethany, the early Byzantine church of the Lazarium which was built between 333 and 390. Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem. A second church was built above the older one during the 6th century with another more simple geometric mosaic floor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "William Machin Stairs",
"paragraph_text": "William Machin Stairs was the son of John Stairs (1749–1797), a native of Grenada who had emigrated to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States before moving to Halifax. John Stairs became involved in the shipping business but after some financial difficulties the family returned to Philadelphia in 1793. There, both John Stairs and his wife died and their five children, including the eight-year-old William Machin Stairs, returned to Halifax to be raised by a maternal uncle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Portuguese pavement (in Portuguese, Calçada Portuguesa) is a kind of two-tone stone mosaic paving created in Portugal, and common throughout the Lusosphere. Most commonly taking the form of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex, it also is used to create complex pictorial mosaics in styles ranging from iconography to classicism and even modern design. In Portuguese-speaking countries, many cities have a large amount of their sidewalks and even, though far more occasionally, streets done in this mosaic form. Lisbon in particular maintains almost all walkways in this style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In the 5th-century Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire, became the center of late Roman mosaic art. The Mausoleum of Galla Placidia was decorated with mosaics of high artistic quality in 425–430. The vaults of the small, cross-shaped structure are clad with mosaics on blue background. The central motif above the crossing is a golden cross in the middle of the starry sky. Another great building established by Galla Placidia was the church of San Giovanni Evangelista. She erected it in fulfillment of a vow that she made having escaped from a deadly storm in 425 on the sea voyage from Constantinople to Ravenna. The mosaics depicted the storm, portraits of members of the western and eastern imperial family and the bishop of Ravenna, Peter Chrysologus. They are known only from Renaissance sources because almost all were destroyed in 1747.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Important Justinian era mosaics decorated the Saint Catherine's Monastery on Mount Sinai in Egypt. Generally wall mosaics have not survived in the region because of the destruction of buildings but the St. Catherine's Monastery is exceptional. On the upper wall Moses is shown in two panels on a landscape background. In the apse we can see the Transfiguration of Jesus on a golden background. The apse is surrounded with bands containing medallions of apostles and prophets, and two contemporary figure, \"Abbot Longinos\" and \"John the Deacon\". The mosaic was probably created in 565/6.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Golden Stairs",
"paragraph_text": "The Golden Stairs is one of the best-known paintings by the Pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones. It was begun in 1876 and exhibited at the Grosvenor Gallery in 1880.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
The creator of The Golden Stairs is noted for creating mosaics in what century?
|
[
{
"id": 109254,
"question": "Who is The Golden Stairs by?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__253914_90928
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The enormous success of the show and the revenue it generated was transformative for Fox Broadcasting Company. American Idol and fellow competing shows Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire were altogether credited for expanding reality television programming in the United States in the 1990s and 2000s, and Idol became the most watched non-scripted primetime television series for almost a decade, from 2003 to 2012, breaking records on U.S. television (dominated by drama shows and sitcoms in the preceding decades).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Glen Graham",
"paragraph_text": "Glenn Graham (January 17, 1904 – July 1986) was an American athlete who competed in the men's pole vault. He competed in Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris and won silver, behind fellow American pole vaulter Lee Barnes who won gold.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Notes of Love",
"paragraph_text": "Notes of Love (, , also known as \"The Word Love Exists\" and \"Love Notes\") is a 1998 Italian-French romance film directed by Mimmo Calopresti. For her performance Valeria Bruni Tedeschi won the David di Donatello Award for best actress. The film also won the Nastro d'Argento for best script and the Ciak d'oro for best supporting actress (to Marina Confalone).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "John Keller",
"paragraph_text": "John Frederick Keller (November 10, 1928 – October 6, 2000) was an American basketball player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He competed in three games as a member of the American basketball team, which won the gold medal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Lieberman in Love",
"paragraph_text": "Lieberman in Love is a 1995 American short film directed by Christine Lahti. It won an Oscar in 1996 for Best Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Will to Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Will to Love\" is a song written by Neil Young that was first released on his 1977 album \"American Stars 'N Bars\". A promotional single of \"Will to Love\" was released, backed with a live performance of \"Cortez the Killer.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "You Give Love a Bad Name",
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Love a Bad Name ''is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi, released as the first single from their 1986 album Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, and Desmond Child about a woman who has jilted her lover, the song reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on November 29, 1986 and became the band's first number one hit. In 2007, the song reentered the charts at No. 29 after Blake Lewis performed it on American Idol. In 2009 it was named the 20th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1. Despite the lyrics of the chorus, the song should not be confused with`` Shot Through the Heart'', an unrelated song from Bon Jovi's 1984 self - titled debut album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Matinee Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The Matinee Idol is a 1928 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Frank Capra, and starring Bessie Love and Johnnie Walker. A Broadway star falls in love with a woman who does not know his real identity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Love You I Do",
"paragraph_text": "\"Love You I Do\" is a song performed by American R&B singer Jennifer Hudson in the 2006 film \"Dreamgirls\". The music for the song was written by Henry Krieger, composer of the original Broadway play, with lyrics by Siedah Garrett. It is one of the four songs featured in the film that are not present in the original Broadway play. It was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Original Song, and won the 2008 Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts",
"paragraph_text": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts (, also known as \"Love Is Eternal, as Long as It Lasts\") is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film written, directed and starred by Carlo Verdone. For her performance Laura Morante won the Nastro d'Argento for best actress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl",
"paragraph_text": "Love in a Goldfish Bowl is a 1961 teen film directed by Jack Sher starring singing idols Tommy Sands and Fabian.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the singer of Love You I Do competed?
|
[
{
"id": 253914,
"question": "Love You I Do >> performer",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 90928,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 competed",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__41221_61968
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jean-Jacques Pauvert",
"paragraph_text": "Pauvert was born in Paris. In addition to his other publications, he published the first French edition of the \"Civil disobedience\" of Henry David Thoreau in 1968. He died, aged 88, in Toulon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Fishley",
"paragraph_text": "Fishley is a village in the English county of Norfolk. Administratively, it falls within the civil parish or Upton with Fishley which in turn is within the district of Broadland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Canon law",
"paragraph_text": "The Catholic Church has what is claimed to be the oldest continuously functioning internal legal system in Western Europe, much later than Roman law but predating the evolution of modern European civil law traditions. What began with rules (\"canons\") adopted by the Apostles at the Council of Jerusalem in the first century has developed into a highly complex legal system encapsulating not just norms of the New Testament, but some elements of the Hebrew (Old Testament), Roman, Visigothic, Saxon, and Celtic legal traditions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mahatma Gandhi",
"paragraph_text": "Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡæn - /; Hindustani: (ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ɦi) (listen); 2 October 1869 -- 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: ``high - souled '',`` venerable'') -- applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa -- is now used worldwide. In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa) and Gandhi ji, and known as the Father of the Nation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Castaways on Gilligan's Island",
"paragraph_text": "During the attempt to fly back to Hawaii, however, the plane has engine trouble. The Professor orders Gilligan to jettison some weight, and in doing so, Gilligan falls out and has to parachute down to the island. The castaways elect to return for Gilligan, although the Professor warns takeoff will be impossible again. Right after landing, the engine falls off, and the Skipper remarks it would have been certain death had that happened while airborne. Gilligan inadvertedly saved the castaways again, and the group says they should look for him. They soon find him stuck in a tree, but now they are dismayed because the plane was their last hope of rescue. Their despair is quickly dispelled when a U.S. Navy captain appears saying that their plane was detected on radar long enough for them to follow it to the island. The castaways are once again returned to civilization and to ensure that Gilligan's Island gets charted, the U.S. government pinpoints the location of the island to prevent future castaway incidents.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Audrey Horne",
"paragraph_text": "Audrey Horne is a fictional character from the ABC television series \"Twin Peaks\", played by Sherilyn Fenn. The character was created by David Lynch. She was introduced in the pilot. The daughter of Ben (Richard Beymer) and Sylvia Horne, sister of Johnny Horne (Robert Bauer) and half-sister of Donna Hayward (Lara Flynn Boyle), her storylines focused on her infatuation with the series protagonist Dale Cooper (Kyle MacLachlan), infiltrating the brothel/casino One Eyed Jacks and becoming an activist through civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "La disubbidienza",
"paragraph_text": "La disubbidienza (\"Disobedience\") is a 1981 Italian drama film directed by Aldo Lado. It is based on the novel with the same name written by Alberto Moravia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Avoca Handweavers",
"paragraph_text": "Avoca Handweavers, now mostly known simply as Avoca, is a clothing manufacturing, retail and food business in Ireland. The company began in Avoca, County Wicklow and is the oldest working woollen mill in Ireland and one of the world's oldest manufacturing companies. It is also Ireland's oldest surviving business. Although commonly believed to have come from Wicklow, the family are from Sligo.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "From 1920 leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi began highly popular mass movements to campaign against the British Raj using largely peaceful methods. The Gandhi-led independence movement opposed the British rule using non-violent methods like non-cooperation, civil disobedience and economic resistance. However, revolutionary activities against the British rule took place throughout the Indian subcontinent and some others adopted a militant approach like the Indian National Army that sought to overthrow British rule by armed struggle. The Government of India Act 1935 was a major success in this regard. All these movements succeeded in bringing independence to the new dominions of India and Pakistan on 15 August 1947.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India initiated by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 24 - day march began from 12 March 1930 and continued until 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly, and it gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide non co-operation movement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It has been argued that the term \"civil disobedience\" has always suffered from ambiguity and in modern times, become utterly debased. Marshall Cohen notes, \"It has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official. Indeed, for Vice President Agnew it has become a code-word describing the activities of muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers, campus militants, anti-war demonstrators, juvenile delinquents and political assassins.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When did the empire during which the oldest incident of civil disobedience was recorded begin to fall?
|
[
{
"id": 41221,
"question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 61968,
"question": "when did #1 began to fall",
"answer": "in 376",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
in 376
|
[
"376"
] | true |
2hop__425022_69821
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For the finals, American Idol debuted a new state-of-the-art set and stage on March 11, 2008, along with a new on-air look. David Cook's performance of \"Billie Jean\" on top-ten night was lauded by the judges, but provoked controversy when they apparently mistook the Chris Cornell arrangement to be David Cook's own even though the performance was introduced as Cornell's version. Cornell himself said he was 'flattered' and praised David Cook's performance. David Cook was taken to the hospital after the top-nine performance show due to heart palpitations and high blood pressure.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol premiered in June 2002 and became the surprise summer hit show of 2002. The first show drew 9.9 million viewers, giving Fox the best viewing figure for the 8.30 pm spot in over a year. The audience steadily grew, and by finale night, the audience had averaged 23 million, with more than 40 million watching some part of that show. That episode was placed third amongst all age groups, but more importantly it led in the 18–49 demographic, the age group most valued by advertisers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "You Give Love a Bad Name",
"paragraph_text": "``You Give Love a Bad Name ''is a song by American rock band Bon Jovi, released as the first single from their 1986 album Slippery When Wet. Written by Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora, and Desmond Child about a woman who has jilted her lover, the song reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 on November 29, 1986 and became the band's first number one hit. In 2007, the song reentered the charts at No. 29 after Blake Lewis performed it on American Idol. In 2009 it was named the 20th greatest hard rock song of all time by VH1. Despite the lyrics of the chorus, the song should not be confused with`` Shot Through the Heart'', an unrelated song from Bon Jovi's 1984 self - titled debut album.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Earlier in her career, she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Giving Myself",
"paragraph_text": "\"Giving Myself\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Jennifer Hudson. It was written and produced by singer-songwriter Robin Thicke, along with his frequent co-producer Pro Jay, for her eponymous debut album, released in 2008. An eleventh hour replacement for Timbaland-produced \"Pocketbook\", the pop–soul ballad was selected as the album's third and final single and sent to US radios on June 2, 2009. Upon release, it charted at number 84 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Seasonal rankings (based on average total viewers per episode) of American Idol. It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Better Man (Little Big Town song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Better Man ''is a song written by American singer - songwriter Taylor Swift and performed by American country group Little Big Town, released on October 20, 2016. It served as the lead single from the group's eighth studio album, The Breaker, which was released on February 24, 2017.`` Better Man'' was first performed live at the 50th CMA Awards on November 2, 2016. The song won Song of the Year and was nominated for Single of the Year, and Music Video of the Year at the 2017 CMA Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "On February 14, 2009, The Walt Disney Company debuted \"The American Idol Experience\" at its Disney's Hollywood Studios theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. In this live production, co-produced by 19 Entertainment, park guests chose from a list of songs and auditioned privately for Disney cast members. Those selected then performed on a stage in a 1000-seat theater replicating the Idol set. Three judges, whose mannerisms and style mimicked those of the real Idol judges, critiqued the performances. Audience members then voted for their favorite performer. There were several preliminary-round shows during the day that culminated in a \"finals\" show in the evening where one of the winners of the previous rounds that day was selected as the overall winner. The winner of the finals show received a \"Dream Ticket\" that granted them front-of-the-line privileges at any future American Idol audition. The attraction closed on August 30, 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "In My Head (Jason Derulo song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"In My Head\" is a song by American singer Jason Derulo, released as the second single from his self-titled debut studio album. It was first released via digital download on December 10, 2009. It topped the charts in Australia, Poland and the United Kingdom, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in several other countries. The song's official remix has a heavier R&B sound, and features American rapper Nicki Minaj. Derulo performed the song on the ninth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. In the early stages of her career, she was sometimes referred to as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol the year the performer Giving Myself was a judge?
|
[
{
"id": 425022,
"question": "Giving Myself >> performer",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 69821,
"question": "who won american idol the year #1 was on",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__390_401605
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication. He was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces. He essentially established a new genre with his own set of free-standing preludes (Op. 28, published 1839). He exploited the poetic potential of the concept of the concert étude, already being developed in the 1820s and 1830s by Liszt, Clementi and Moscheles, in his two sets of studies (Op. 10 published in 1833, Op. 25 in 1837).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Fryderyk's father, Nicolas Chopin, was a Frenchman from Lorraine who had emigrated to Poland in 1787 at the age of sixteen. Nicolas tutored children of the Polish aristocracy, and in 1806 married Justyna Krzyżanowska, a poor relative of the Skarbeks, one of the families for whom he worked. Fryderyk was baptized on Easter Sunday, 23 April 1810, in the same church where his parents had married, in Brochów. His eighteen-year-old godfather, for whom he was named, was Fryderyk Skarbek, a pupil of Nicolas Chopin. Fryderyk was the couple's second child and only son; he had an elder sister, Ludwika (1807–55), and two younger sisters, Izabela (1811–81) and Emilia (1812–27). Nicolas was devoted to his adopted homeland, and insisted on the use of the Polish language in the household.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cosima Wagner",
"paragraph_text": "Cosima Wagner (born Francesca Gaetana Cosima Liszt; 24 December 1837 – 1 April 1930) was the illegitimate daughter of the Hungarian pianist and composer Franz Liszt and Marie d'Agoult. She became the second wife of the German composer Richard Wagner, and with him founded the Bayreuth Festival as a showcase for his stage works; after his death she devoted the rest of her life to the promotion of his music and philosophy. Commentators have recognised Cosima as the principal inspiration for Wagner's later works, particularly \"Parsifal\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Édouard Wolff (1816–1880) and Pierre Zimmermann. Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her \"third child\". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a \"child,\" a \"little angel\", a \"sufferer\" and a \"beloved little corpse.\" In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made \"a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship.\" The two would never meet again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "A Song to Remember",
"paragraph_text": "A Song to Remember is a 1945 Columbia Pictures Technicolor biographical film which tells a fictionalised life story of Polish pianist and composer Frédéric Chopin. Directed by Charles Vidor and starring Paul Muni, Merle Oberon and Cornel Wilde.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a \"nationalist\" or \"patriotic\" composer. George Golos refers to earlier \"nationalist\" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from \"urbanised\" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin \"felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely\" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's harmonic innovations may have arisen partly from his keyboard improvisation technique. Temperley says that in his works \"novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment\", and cadences are delayed by the use of chords outside the home key (neapolitan sixths and diminished sevenths), or by sudden shifts to remote keys. Chord progressions sometimes anticipate the shifting tonality of later composers such as Claude Debussy, as does Chopin's use of modal harmony.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Possibly the first venture into fictional treatments of Chopin's life was a fanciful operatic version of some of its events. Chopin was written by Giacomo Orefice and produced in Milan in 1901. All the music is derived from that of Chopin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Amédée Méreaux",
"paragraph_text": "Amédée Méreaux (full name Jean-Amédée Lefroid de Méreaux) (Paris, 17 September 1802 – Rouen, 25 April 1874) was a French musicologist, pianist, and composer. He was the author of \"Les clavecinistes de 1637 à 1790\", written from 1864 to 1867, which had essays on the composers it mentioned. His grandfather, Nicolas-Jean Lefroid de Méreaux (1745–1797), was a composer of operas and oratorios, while his father, Jean-Nicolas Lefroid de Méreaux, was an organist and pianist and was a composer of piano sonatas. He was a friend of Frédéric Chopin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's life was covered in a BBC TV documentary Chopin – The Women Behind The Music (2010), and in a 2010 documentary realised by Angelo Bozzolini and Roberto Prosseda for Italian television.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that \"Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November 1830 rising], their appeal to us artists is even stronger ... If the mighty autocrat in the north [i.e. Nicholas I of Russia] could know that in Chopin's works, in the simple strains of his mazurkas, there lurks a dangerous enemy, he would place a ban on his music. Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!\" The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin \"must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Storm (short story)",
"paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Jones comments that \"Chopin's unique position as a composer, despite the fact that virtually everything he wrote was for the piano, has rarely been questioned.\" He also notes that Chopin was fortunate to arrive in Paris in 1831—\"the artistic environment, the publishers who were willing to print his music, the wealthy and aristocratic who paid what Chopin asked for their lessons\"—and these factors, as well as his musical genius, also fuelled his contemporary and later reputation. While his illness and his love-affairs conform to some of the stereotypes of romanticism, the rarity of his public recitals (as opposed to performances at fashionable Paris soirées) led Arthur Hutchings to suggest that \"his lack of Byronic flamboyance [and] his aristocratic reclusiveness make him exceptional\" among his romantic contemporaries, such as Liszt and Henri Herz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his \"one worthy successor\" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Pam Beesly",
"paragraph_text": "At the beginning of Season 8, Pam is revealed to be pregnant with her and Jim's second child, Philip Halpert. The child coincided with Jenna Fischer's actual pregnancy. She begins her maternity leave after ``Pam's Replacement ''. Pam returns in`` Jury Duty'', where she and Jim bring Cece and Phillip into the office. In both ``Tallahassee ''and`` Test the Store'' Pam is shown helping, and developing her friendship with Andy.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Whose composer father formed a friendship with Chopin?
|
[
{
"id": 390,
"question": "What other composer did Chopin develop a friendship with?",
"answer": "Franz Liszt",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 401605,
"question": "#1 >> child",
"answer": "Cosima Wagner",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Cosima Wagner
|
[] | true |
2hop__116096_409504
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Song of Solomon (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Song of Solomon is a 1977 novel by American author Toni Morrison. It follows the life of Macon ``Milkman ''Dead III, an African - American man living in Michigan, from birth to adulthood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Man of the Hour",
"paragraph_text": "The Man of the Hour (French: L'homme du jour) is a 1937 French musical film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Maurice Chevalier, Elvire Popesco and Josette Day. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacques Krauss. An ordinary man saves the life of a great actress by giving blood, and she in turns decides to promote him as a singing star.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Julien Duvivier filmography",
"paragraph_text": "Julien Duvivier (8 October 1896, in Lille – 29 October 1967, in Paris) was a French film director. He rose to prominence in French cinema in the silent era, and directed some of the most notable films of the poetic realism in the 1930s, such as \"La belle équipe\" and \"Pépé le Moko\". During World War II he worked in the United States. He returned to France with \"Panique\" in 1946 and continued to work in Europe for the rest of his career. He had a big commercial success with \"The Little World of Don Camillo\" which had 12.8 million admissions in 1952. His last film was \"Diabolically Yours\" from 1967.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The White Sheik",
"paragraph_text": "The White Sheik () is a 1952 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Federico Fellini and starring Alberto Sordi, Leopoldo Trieste, Brunella Bovo and Giulietta Masina. Written by Fellini, Tullio Pinelli, Ennio Flaiano and Michelangelo Antonioni, the film is about a man who brings his new bride to Rome for their honeymoon, to gain an audience with the Pope, and to present his wife to his family. When the young woman sneaks away to find the hero of her romance novels, the man is forced to spend hour after painful hour making excuses to his eager family who want to meet his missing bride. \"The White Sheik\" was filmed on location in Fregene, Rome, Spoleto and Vatican City.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Television news in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The advent of cable television in the United States led to the eventual birth of cable news. On June 1, 1980, Ted Turner launched CNN, the first 24 - hour cable news operation. The station gained reputation significantly with its 1991 coverage of the Gulf War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Theodore Mann",
"paragraph_text": "Theodore Mann, birth name Goldman, (May 13, 1924 – February 24, 2012) was an American theatre producer and director and the Artistic Director of the Circle in the Square Theatre School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Woman's Hour",
"paragraph_text": "Created by Norman Collins and originally presented by Alan Ivimey, Woman's Hour was first broadcast on 7 October 1946 on the BBC's Light Programme (now called Radio 2). Janet Quigley, who was also involved with the birth of the UK radio programme Today, has been credited with ``virtually creating ''the programme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Rich Man, Poor Man Book II",
"paragraph_text": "Rich Man, Poor Man Book II is an American television miniseries that aired on ABC in one-hour episodes at 9:00pm ET/PT on Tuesday nights between September 21, 1976 and March 8, 1977. A sequel to \"Rich Man, Poor Man\" that had aired the previous season, it focused on the further exploits and conflicts of the Jordache family.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jason Kristal",
"paragraph_text": "Jason Kristal (born on 1979) is an American weightlifter and professional strongman athlete who was placed first in 2008 America's Strongest Man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation",
"paragraph_text": "The FBI director is responsible for the day-to-day operations at the FBI. Along with his deputies, the director makes sure cases and operations are handled correctly. The director also is in charge of making sure the leadership in any one of the FBI field offices is manned with qualified agents. Before the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act was passed in the wake of the September 11 attacks, the FBI director would directly brief the President of the United States on any issues that arise from within the FBI. Since then, the director now reports to the Director of National Intelligence (DNI), who in turn reports to the President.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Birth of a Notion (short story)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Birth of a Notion\" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov. The story was written to celebrate the semicentennial (fiftieth anniversary) of the magazine \"Amazing Stories\" in June 1976. It appeared in the 1976 collection \"The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "International Who's Who in Music",
"paragraph_text": "The International Who's Who in Music is a biographical dictionary and directory originally published by the International Biographical Centre located in Cambridge, England. It contains only biographies of persons living at the time of publication and includes composers, performers, writers, and some music librarians. The biographies included are solicited from the subjects themselves and generally include date and place of birth, contact information as well as biographical background and achievements.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "A Man Called Dagger",
"paragraph_text": "A Man Called Dagger (1968) is a low-budget spy film that was the first collaboration between director Richard Rush, cinematographer László Kovács and stuntman Gary Warner Kent (who also did the film's special effects).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "To Rise Again at a Decent Hour",
"paragraph_text": "To Rise Again at a Decent Hour is a novel by the American writer Joshua Ferris. The novel was shortlisted for the 2014 Man Booker Prize and won the 2014 Dylan Thomas Prize.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Hirschsprung's disease",
"paragraph_text": "Typically, Hirschsprung's disease is diagnosed shortly after birth, although it may develop well into adulthood, because of the presence of megacolon, or because the baby fails to pass the first stool (meconium) within 48 hours of delivery. Normally, 90% of babies pass their first meconium within 24 hours, and 99% within 48 hours. Other symptoms include green or brown vomit, explosive stools after a doctor inserts a finger into the rectum, swelling of the abdomen, excessive gas, and bloody diarrhea.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Renato Mastropietro",
"paragraph_text": "Renato Federico Alfredo Mastropietro (born 29 September 1945 in Milan) is a former professional racecar driver. He drove in the FIA GT Championship from 1997 to 2000 making 10 starts over those years. He also drove a Porsche 911 to a 9th place overall finish (2nd in GT2) in the 1994 24 Hours of Le Mans.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Bugatti Veyron",
"paragraph_text": "The Veyron EB 16.4 is named in honour of Pierre Veyron, a Bugatti development engineer, test driver and company race driver who, with co-driver Jean - Pierre Wimille, won the 1939 24 hours of Le Mans while driving a Bugatti. The ``EB ''refers to Bugatti founder Ettore Bugatti and the`` 16.4'' refers to the engine's 16 cylinders and 4 turbochargers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Smokey and the Bandit",
"paragraph_text": "Universal Studios bankrolled \"Smokey and the Bandit\" for $5.3 million, figuring it was a good risk. Just two days before production was to begin, Universal sent a \"hatchet man\" to Atlanta to inform Needham that the budget was being trimmed by $1 million. With Reynolds' salary at $1 million, Needham was left with only $3.3 million to make the film. Needham and assistant director David Hamburger spent 30 hours revising the shooting schedule.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Lucy Goes to the Hospital",
"paragraph_text": "``Lucy Goes to the Hospital ''is an episode of the 1950s American television show I Love Lucy in which the title character, Lucy Ricardo, gives birth to her son,`` Little Ricky,'' after a ``predictably chaotic ''sequence of events. Twelve hours before the broadcast, the actress who played Lucy Ricardo, Lucille Ball, had given birth to Desi Arnaz, Jr. by cesarean section. The episode had actually been filmed on November 14, 1952.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Donna Roma",
"paragraph_text": "Donna Roma is a four-part mini-series thriller from director James Schäuffelen who plays in Italy or Germany. The first broadcast took place on 1 March 2007 on ZDF.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where was the director of The Man of the Hour born?
|
[
{
"id": 116096,
"question": "The director of The Man of the Hour is who?",
"answer": "Julien Duvivier",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 409504,
"question": "#1 >> place of birth",
"answer": "Lille",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Lille
|
[] | true |
2hop__243826_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Merciful Knight",
"paragraph_text": "The Merciful Knight is a watercolour by the pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones which was completed in 1863 and is currently housed at the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the influence of Western European and Islamic artistic tendencies. Best examples of Sicilian mosaic art are the Cappella Palatina of Roger II, the Martorana church in Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The greatest development of Christian mosaics unfolded in the second half of the 6th century. Outstanding examples of Byzantine mosaic art are the later phase mosaics in the Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest. The mosaics of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe were made around 549. The anti-Arian theme is obvious in the apse mosaic of San Michele in Affricisco, executed in 545–547 (largely destroyed; the remains in Berlin).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "An exceptionally well preserved, carpet-like mosaic floor was uncovered in 1949 in Bethany, the early Byzantine church of the Lazarium which was built between 333 and 390. Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem. A second church was built above the older one during the 6th century with another more simple geometric mosaic floor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Portuguese pavement (in Portuguese, Calçada Portuguesa) is a kind of two-tone stone mosaic paving created in Portugal, and common throughout the Lusosphere. Most commonly taking the form of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex, it also is used to create complex pictorial mosaics in styles ranging from iconography to classicism and even modern design. In Portuguese-speaking countries, many cities have a large amount of their sidewalks and even, though far more occasionally, streets done in this mosaic form. Lisbon in particular maintains almost all walkways in this style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "John A. Saliba",
"paragraph_text": "John A. Saliba is a Maltese-born Jesuit priest, a professor of religious studies at the University of Detroit Mercy and a noted writer and researcher in the field of new religious movements.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What century is the creator of The Merciful Knight noted for creating mosaics?
|
[
{
"id": 243826,
"question": "The Merciful Knight >> creator",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__109261_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The greatest development of Christian mosaics unfolded in the second half of the 6th century. Outstanding examples of Byzantine mosaic art are the later phase mosaics in the Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest. The mosaics of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe were made around 549. The anti-Arian theme is obvious in the apse mosaic of San Michele in Affricisco, executed in 545–547 (largely destroyed; the remains in Berlin).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Portuguese pavement (in Portuguese, Calçada Portuguesa) is a kind of two-tone stone mosaic paving created in Portugal, and common throughout the Lusosphere. Most commonly taking the form of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex, it also is used to create complex pictorial mosaics in styles ranging from iconography to classicism and even modern design. In Portuguese-speaking countries, many cities have a large amount of their sidewalks and even, though far more occasionally, streets done in this mosaic form. Lisbon in particular maintains almost all walkways in this style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Legend of Briar Rose",
"paragraph_text": "The Legend of Briar Rose is the title of a series of paintings by the Pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones which were completed between 1885 and 1890. The four original paintings – The Briar Wood, The Council Chamber, The Garden Court and The Rose Bower – and an additional ten adjoining panels, are located at Buscot Park in Oxfordshire, England.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kashinka Hollow",
"paragraph_text": "Kashinka Hollow is a tributary of East Branch Briar Creek in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Briar Creek Township. Its watershed has an area of . The median pH of the stream is 7.565. It has the lowest visual assessment score of any stream in the Briar Creek watershed. The stream's watershed lies over limestone, shale, siltstone, and mudstone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the influence of Western European and Islamic artistic tendencies. Best examples of Sicilian mosaic art are the Cappella Palatina of Roger II, the Martorana church in Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what century was the creator of The Legend of Briar Rose noted for creating mosaics?
|
[
{
"id": 109261,
"question": "Who is The Legend of Briar Rose by?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__657700_84692
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Van Helsing (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Van Helsing is a 2004 American - Czech horror film written and directed by Stephen Sommers. It stars Hugh Jackman as vigilante monster hunter Van Helsing, and Kate Beckinsale as Anna Valerious. The film is an homage and tribute to the Universal Horror Monster films from the 1930s and '40s (also produced by Universal Studios which were in turn based on novels by Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley), of which Sommers is a fan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "First Epistle of John",
"paragraph_text": "The First Epistle of John, often referred to as First John and written 1 John or I John, is the first of the Johannine epistles of the New Testament, and the fourth of the catholic epistles. It is attributed to John the Evangelist, traditionally thought to be the author of the Gospel of John and the other two Johannine epistles. This epistle was probably written in Ephesus in AD 95 -- 110. The work was written to counter docetism, which is the belief that Jesus did not come ``in the flesh '', but only as a spirit. It also defined how Christians are to discern true teachers: by their ethics, their proclamation of Jesus in the flesh, and by their love.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Bram Stoker Award",
"paragraph_text": "The Bram Stoker Award is a recognition presented annually by the Horror Writers Association (HWA) for \"superior achievement\" in dark fantasy and horror writing.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Harker's fiancée, Mina Murray, is staying with her friend Lucy Westenra, who is holidaying in Whitby. Lucy receives three marriage proposals from Dr. John Seward, Quincey Morris, and Arthur Holmwood (the son of Lord Godalming who later obtains the title himself). Lucy accepts Holmwood's proposal while turning down Seward and Morris, but all remain friends. Dracula communicates with Seward's patient, Renfield, an insane man who wishes to consume insects, spiders, birds, and rats to absorb their \"life force\". Renfield is able to detect Dracula's presence and supplies clues accordingly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Government Cable Office",
"paragraph_text": "The Government Cable Office at 218 Sixth Street in Seward, Alaska, United States, is a historic building that served as a telegraph office that connected Seward with communications in the rest of the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Dark Prince: The True Story of Dracula (alternately titled Dracula: The Dark Prince and Dark Prince: Legend of Dracula) is a horror-war television film, which premiered in the United States on the USA Network on Halloween, October 31, 2000. It is about Vlad III Dracula, \"the Impaler\", the historical figure who gave Bram Stoker's Dracula his name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Pleasant Dale, Nebraska",
"paragraph_text": "Pleasant Dale is a village in Seward County, Nebraska, United States. It is part of the Lincoln, Nebraska Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 205 at the 2010 census.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Seward, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Seward is an unincorporated community in Logan County, Oklahoma, United States. Seward is south-southwest of Guthrie. Seward had a post office from May 15, 1889, to July 11, 1969. The community was named after William H. Seward.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse",
"paragraph_text": "Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse (also known simply as Dracula's Curse) is a 2006 horror film by The Asylum, written and directed by Leigh Scott. Despite featuring Bram Stoker's name in the title, the film is not directly based on any of his writings or a mockbuster to the 1992 film \"Bram Stoker's Dracula\", but shares similarities to films such as \"\", \"Dracula 2000\", \"\" and \"Van Helsing\". The film also shares some similarities with the 1971 Hammer horror film \"Countess Dracula\", which also features a Dracula-esque femme fatale in the lead role.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Herbert Bunston",
"paragraph_text": "Following his success in these last two plays, he signed a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Following a number of roles of greater and lesser significance, Bunston was cast to re-create his Broadway role in the film adaptation of \"Dracula\" (1931). Bunston continued to appear in character roles for the next four years until his death in Los Angeles in 1935.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Keanu Reeves",
"paragraph_text": "Keanu Charles Reeves (/ kiˈɑːnuː / kee - AH - noo; born September 2, 1964) is a Canadian actor, director, producer, and musician. He gained fame for his starring role performances in several blockbuster films, including comedies from the Bill and Ted franchise (1989 -- 1991); action thrillers Point Break (1991), Speed (1994), and the John Wick franchise; psychological thriller The Devil's Advocate (1997); supernatural thriller Constantine (2005); and science fiction / action series The Matrix (1999 -- 2003). He has also appeared in dramatic films such as Dangerous Liaisons (1988), My Own Private Idaho (1991), and Little Buddha (1993), as well as the romantic horror Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Oak Hill Cottage",
"paragraph_text": "Oak Hill Cottage, built in 1847 by John Robinson, superintendent of the Sandusky, Mansfield, and Newark Railroad, is an historic Gothic Revival brick house with Carpenter Gothic ornamentation located at 310 Springmill Street in Mansfield, Ohio, in the United States. All of the furnishings and artifacts inside the house are original to about the 1870s and have come down to the present intact.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "LaserDisc",
"paragraph_text": "In order to view MUSE encoded discs, it was necessary to have a MUSE decoder in addition to a compatible player. There are televisions with MUSE decoding built-in and set top tuners with decoders that can provide the proper MUSE input. Equipment prices were high, especially for early HDTVs which generally eclipsed US$10,000, and even in Japan the market for MUSE was tiny. Players and discs were never officially sold in North America, although several distributors imported MUSE discs along with other import titles. Terminator 2: Judgment Day, Lawrence of Arabia, A League of Their Own, Bugsy, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Bram Stoker's Dracula and Chaplin were among the theatrical releases available on MUSE LDs. Several documentaries, including one about Formula One at Japan's Suzuka Circuit were also released.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Audrey Cruddas",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Johannesburg, South Africa, Cruddas moved to England with her parents when she was an infant. After leaving school she studied art at St John's Wood School of Art, Royal Academy Schools, and Bram Shaw School of Drawing and Painting. During the Second World War, she worked as a 'Land Girl' in the Women's Land Army. At the end of the conflict she began to design costumes for the theatre and was quickly talent spotted by the dancer and actor Sir Robert Helpmann. Cruddas soon became one of the leading modern theatre designers of the post war period.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an 1897 Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker. It introduced Count Dracula, and established many conventions of subsequent vampire fantasy. The novel tells the story of Dracula's attempt to move from Transylvania to England so that he may find new blood and spread the undead curse, and of the battle between Dracula and a small group of men and a woman led by Professor Abraham Van Helsing.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Jonathan Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harker is a fictional character and one of the main protagonists of Bram Stoker's 1897 Gothic horror novel \"Dracula\". His journey to Transylvania and encounter with the vampire Count Dracula and his Brides at Castle Dracula constitutes the dramatic opening scenes in the novel and most of the film adaptations. Stoker appropriated the surname from his friend Joseph Cunningham Harker (1855-1920), a set designer at the Lyceum Theatre and father of actor William Gordon Harker (1885-1967) as well as great-grandfather of actress Polly Adams, whose actress-daughters Susannah Harker and Caroline Harker adopted the Harker surname for their stage names.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lullaby (Palahniuk novel)",
"paragraph_text": "Lullaby is a horror-satire novel by American author Chuck Palahniuk, published in 2002. It won the 2003 Pacific Northwest Booksellers Association Award, and was nominated for the Bram Stoker Award for Best Novel in 2002.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Bram Stoker's Dracula (handheld video game)",
"paragraph_text": "Bram Stoker's Dracula for the Game Boy is a 1993 video game that bears a closer resemblance to platform games such as \"Super Mario Land\" than horror films. It was voted to be the 21st worst video game of all time according to \"FLUX\" magazine though it was also voted best-underrated gem game by 6y magazine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Lucy Westenra",
"paragraph_text": "Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the novel \"Dracula\" (1897) by Bram Stoker. She is introduced as Mina Murray's best friend, the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family. Her father is mentioned in the novel when Mina says he was a sleepwalker, and her elderly mother is simply stated as being Mrs. Westenra. In the 1931 Universal production, she is called Lucy Weston. In the 1958 film \"Dracula\", she is called Lucy Holmwood, Arthur Holmwood's sister, who is engaged to Jonathan Harker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Brides of Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "The Brides of Dracula are characters in Bram Stoker's 1897 novel \"Dracula\". They are three seductive female vampire \"sisters\" who reside with Count Dracula in his castle in Transylvania, where they entrance men with their beauty and charm, and then proceed to feed upon them. Dracula provides them with victims to devour, mainly infants and children.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What year saw the release of Bram Stoker's work, in which John Seward is present?
|
[
{
"id": 657700,
"question": "John Seward >> present in work",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 84692,
"question": "when did bram stoker's #1 come out",
"answer": "1897",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
1897
|
[] | true |
2hop__116525_409504
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Empty Nest",
"paragraph_text": "Empty Nest is an American sitcom that originally aired on NBC from October 8, 1988, to April 29, 1995. The series, which was created as a spin-off of \"The Golden Girls\" by creator and producer Susan Harris, starred Richard Mulligan as recently widowed pediatrician Dr. Harry Weston, whose two adult daughters return home to live with him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Return of Don Camillo",
"paragraph_text": "The Return of Don Camillo (Italian: Il ritorno di Don Camillo) is a 1953 French-Italian comedy film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Fernandel, Gino Cervi and Édouard Delmont. The film's sets were designed by Virgilio Marchi. It was the second of five films featuring Fernandel as the Italian priest Don Camillo and his struggles with Giuseppe 'Peppone' Bottazzi the Communist Mayor of their rural town.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Rocky V",
"paragraph_text": "Rocky V is a 1990 American boxing sports drama film. It is the fifth film in the \"Rocky\" series, written by and starring Sylvester Stallone, and co-starring Talia Shire, Stallone's real-life son Sage, and real-life boxer Tommy Morrison, with Morrison in the role of Tommy Gunn, a talented yet raw boxer. Sage played Rocky Balboa, Jr, whose relationship with his famous father is explored. After Stallone directed the second through fourth films in the series, \"Rocky V\" saw the return of John G. Avildsen, whose direction of \"Rocky\" won him an Academy Award for Best Director.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "20 Feet from Stardom",
"paragraph_text": "20 Feet from Stardom is a 2013 American documentary film directed by documentary filmmaker Morgan Neville and was produced by Gil Friesen, a music industry executive whose curiosity to know more about the lives of background singers inspired the making of the film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Camillo Pace",
"paragraph_text": "Camillo Pace died in 1948 in Pescara, then 86, in the house of his son Aurelio Pace, who fought as an Italian Officer with the British Eighth Army in Italy in World War II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Don Camillo",
"paragraph_text": "Don Camillo () is a character created by the Italian writer and journalist Giovannino Guareschi, whose name, and some of his character, is based on an actual Roman Catholic priest, World War II partisan and detainee at the concentration camps of Dachau and Mauthausen, named Don Camillo Valota (1912–1998). Guareschi was also inspired by Don Alessandro Parenti, a priest of Trepalle, near the Swiss border. The fictional Don Camillo is one of two main protagonists of Guareschi's short stories, the other being the communist mayor of the town, Peppone. The stories are set in what Guareschi refers to as the \"small world\" of rural Italy after World War II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jeepers Creepers 3",
"paragraph_text": "Jeepers Creepers 3 is an upcoming American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva and the third installment in the Jeepers Creepers franchise, taking place in between Jeepers Creepers and Jeepers Creepers 2. Jonathan Breck will reprise his role as the Creeper. Gina Philips will be returning in a cameo as her character Trish Jenner, her first time returning to the franchise since the original film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jeepers Creepers 3",
"paragraph_text": "Jeepers Creepers 3 is a 2017 American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva, and the third Jeepers Creepers film, taking place in between Jeepers Creepers and Jeepers Creepers 2. Jonathan Breck reprises his role as the Creeper. Gina Philips returns in a cameo as her character Trish Jenner, her first time returning to the series since the original film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement",
"paragraph_text": "Most of the cast returned from the first film, including Julie Andrews, Anne Hathaway, Héctor Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, and Larry Miller. Garry Marshall returned to direct and Debra Martin Chase to produce. New characters include Viscount Mabrey (John Rhys - Davies), Lord Nicholas Devereaux (Chris Pine), and Andrew Jacoby (Callum Blue).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Birth of a Nation",
"paragraph_text": "The Birth of a Nation (originally called The Clansman) is an American silent epic drama film directed and co-produced by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish. The screenplay is adapted from the novel and play \"\", by Thomas Dixon Jr. Griffith co-wrote the screenplay with Frank E. Woods, and co-produced the film with Harry Aitken. It was released on February 8, 1915.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Castiglioni Brothers",
"paragraph_text": "The Castiglioni Brothers (Italian: I fratelli Castiglioni) is a 1937 Italian comedy film directed by Corrado D'Errico and starring Camillo Pilotto, Ugo Ceseri and Amedeo Nazzari. It was based on a play by Alberto Colantuoni.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Batman Returns",
"paragraph_text": "Batman Returns is a 1992 American superhero film directed by Tim Burton, based on the DC Comics character Batman. It is a sequel to the 1989 film \"Batman\" and the second installment of Warner Bros. initial \"Batman\" film series, with Michael Keaton reprising the role of Bruce Wayne / Batman. The film, produced by Denise Di Novi and Burton, also stars Danny DeVito, Michelle Pfeiffer, Christopher Walken, Michael Gough, Pat Hingle, and Michael Murphy. In \"Batman Returns\", Batman finds a new foe in the form of the Penguin, whose aim is to kill all of Gotham City's firstborn sons, while dealing with Selina Kyle/Catwoman, the former secretary of businessman Max Shreck and who seeks vengeance against Shreck for attempting to kill her to hide his own plans to bring the city under his control.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Lucky Whitehead",
"paragraph_text": "Lucky Whitehead Whitehead with the Dallas Cowboys in 2015 Free agent Position: Wide receiver Birth name: Rodney Darnell Whitehead Jr. Date of birth: (1992 - 06 - 02) June 2, 1992 (age 25) Place of birth: Manassas, Virginia Height: 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) Weight: 180 lb (82 kg) Career information High school: Manassas (VA) Osbourn College: Florida Atlantic Undrafted: 2015 Career history Dallas Cowboys (2015 -- 2016) New York Jets (2017) Career highlights and awards All - C - USA (2014) Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2016 Receptions: 9 Receiving yards: 64 Rushing yards: 189 Total return yards: 1,151 Total touchdowns: 0 Player stats at NFL.com Player stats at PFR",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jeepers Creepers 3",
"paragraph_text": "Jeepers Creepers 3 is a 2017 American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva and the third installment in the Jeepers Creepers franchise, taking place in between Jeepers Creepers and Jeepers Creepers 2. Jonathan Breck reprises his role as the Creeper. Gina Philips returns in a cameo as her character Trish Jenner, her first time returning to the franchise since the original film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Claude Buffier",
"paragraph_text": "Claude Buffier (25 May 1661 – 17 May 1737), French philosopher, historian and teacher, was born in Poland of French parents, who returned to France and settled in Rouen soon after his birth.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Camillo Tarquini",
"paragraph_text": "Camillo Tarquini (27 September 1810 in Marta, located in the Montefiascone region of Italy – 15 February 1874 in Rome) was an Italian Cardinal, Jesuit canonist and archaeologist.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Battle of Love's Return",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Love's Return is a 1971 American comedy film written, directed, produced, and starring Lloyd Kaufman, the co-founder of Troma Entertainment, his first major film after his student production \"The Girl Who Returned\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Scipio Africanus: The Defeat of Hannibal",
"paragraph_text": "Scipione l'africano (1937) — in English Scipio Africanus: The Defeat of Hannibal — is an Italian historical film that focuses on Publius Cornelius Scipio (Scipio Africanus) from the time of his election as dictator until his defeat of Hannibal at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC. It was directed by Carmine Gallone and stars Annibale Ninchi and Camillo Pilotto. The film was funded by Benito Mussolini and was released in 1937, serving as propaganda for the fascist ambitions to invade North Africa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Colli Albani (Rome Metro)",
"paragraph_text": "Colli Albani is a station on the Rome Metro. It is on Line A and is located in Largo dei Colli Albani, between the Furio Camillo and Arco di Travertino stations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Julien Duvivier filmography",
"paragraph_text": "Julien Duvivier (8 October 1896, in Lille – 29 October 1967, in Paris) was a French film director. He rose to prominence in French cinema in the silent era, and directed some of the most notable films of the poetic realism in the 1930s, such as \"La belle équipe\" and \"Pépé le Moko\". During World War II he worked in the United States. He returned to France with \"Panique\" in 1946 and continued to work in Europe for the rest of his career. He had a big commercial success with \"The Little World of Don Camillo\" which had 12.8 million admissions in 1952. His last film was \"Diabolically Yours\" from 1967.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Where was the director of The Return of Don Camillo born?
|
[
{
"id": 116525,
"question": "Under whose direction was The Return of Don Camillo produced?",
"answer": "Julien Duvivier",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 409504,
"question": "#1 >> place of birth",
"answer": "Lille",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Lille
|
[] | true |
2hop__3444_69821
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Life of Pi (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Life of Pi was nominated for eleven Academy Awards and won four (more than any other film from 2012): Best Director (Ang Lee), Best Cinematography (Claudio Miranda), Best Visual Effects (Bill Westenhofer, Guillaume Rocheron, Erik - Jan de Boer and Donald R. Elliott) and Best Original Score (Mychael Danna). It was nominated for three Golden Globe Awards and won for Best Original Score. The film also won awards for cinematography, film editing, sound effects and original score at several other awards ceremonies. In addition to the Academy Award, Ang Lee won best director awards from the Kansas City, Las Vegas, and London Film Critics. The film was awarded the Best Picture award by the Las Vegas Film Critics Society and was named one of the top ten films of the year by the New York Film Critics and the Southeastern Film Critics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Ron Bozman",
"paragraph_text": "Ron Bozman is an American film producer who won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1991 for the film \"The Silence of the Lambs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Don Bassman",
"paragraph_text": "Don Bassman (April 2, 1927 – January 24, 1993) was an American sound engineer and VP of Special Sound Projects at 20th Century Fox. He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and was nominated for three more in the same category. He also won an Emmy Award for \"Eleanor and Franklin\" in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Singapore Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Singapore Idol is a reality television singing competition created by Simon Fuller and produced by MediaCorp Studios and FremantleMedia Operations BV. It began airing on MediaCorp Channel 5 on 9 August 2004, as an addition to the Idol franchise based on the UK show Pop Idol, and became one of the most popular shows in the history of Singaporean television.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Earlier in her career, she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "14th Academy Awards",
"paragraph_text": "The 14th Academy Awards honored American film achievements in 1941 and was held in the Biltmore Bowl at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles, California. The ceremony is now considered notable, in retrospect, as the year in which Citizen Kane failed to win Best Picture, which instead was awarded to John Ford's How Green Was My Valley. Ford won his third award for Best Director, becoming the second to accomplish three wins in that category, and the first to win in consecutive years (having won for The Grapes of Wrath the previous year).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of American films of 1944",
"paragraph_text": "Below is a list of American films released in 1944. \"Going My Way\" won Best Picture at the Academy Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Pakistan Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Pakistan Idol is a Pakistani reality singing competition that is part of the \"Idols\" franchise created by Simon Fuller and owned by 19 Entertainment and FremantleMedia. It is the 50th adaptation of the familiar reality competition format introduced in the British series \"Pop Idol\" in 2001. It is developed for the Pakistani entertainment market by Geo TV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. In the early stages of her career, she was sometimes referred to as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Freedom on My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "\"Freedom on My Mind\" premiered at the Sundance Film Festival, won that year's Grand Jury Prize for Best Documentary, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol the year that an Academy Award winner competed?
|
[
{
"id": 3444,
"question": "Which Idol won an Academy Award?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 69821,
"question": "who won american idol the year #1 was on",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__108242_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The greatest development of Christian mosaics unfolded in the second half of the 6th century. Outstanding examples of Byzantine mosaic art are the later phase mosaics in the Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest. The mosaics of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe were made around 549. The anti-Arian theme is obvious in the apse mosaic of San Michele in Affricisco, executed in 545–547 (largely destroyed; the remains in Berlin).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Christ (late 9th or early 10th century). Above the door from the southwest vestibule to the narthex another mosaic shows the Theotokos with Justinian and Constantine. Justinian I is offering the model of the church to Mary while Constantine is holding a model of the city in his hand. Both emperors are beardless – this is an example for conscious archaization as contemporary Byzantine rulers were bearded. A mosaic panel on the gallery shows Christ with Constantine Monomachos and Empress Zoe (1042–1055). The emperor gives a bulging money sack to Christ as a donation for the church.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "John A. Saliba",
"paragraph_text": "John A. Saliba is a Maltese-born Jesuit priest, a professor of religious studies at the University of Detroit Mercy and a noted writer and researcher in the field of new religious movements.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Somewhere Far Beyond",
"paragraph_text": "Somewhere Far Beyond is the fourth studio album by German power metal band Blind Guardian. It was released in 1992 and produced by Kalle Trapp. The cover artwork was created by Andreas Marschall, who drew the artwork for other Blind Guardian's releases (\"Tales from the Twilight World\", \"Nightfall in Middle-Earth\", etc.). The album saw the band creating its own original sound, while still employing most of their speed/power metal techniques.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "An exceptionally well preserved, carpet-like mosaic floor was uncovered in 1949 in Bethany, the early Byzantine church of the Lazarium which was built between 333 and 390. Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem. A second church was built above the older one during the 6th century with another more simple geometric mosaic floor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Merciful Knight",
"paragraph_text": "The Merciful Knight is a watercolour by the pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones which was completed in 1863 and is currently housed at the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In styles that owe as much to videogame pixel art and popculture as to traditional mosaic, street art has seen a novel reinvention and expansion of mosaic artwork. The most prominent artist working with mosaics in street art is the French Invader. He has done almost all his work in two very distinct mosaic styles, the first of which are small \"traditional\" tile mosaics of 8 bit video game character, installed in cities across the globe, and the second of which are a style he refers to as \"Rubikcubism\", which uses a kind of dual layer mosaic via grids of scrambled Rubik's Cubes. Although he is the most prominent, other street and urban artists do work in Mosaic styles as well.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The creator of The Merciful Knight is noted for creating mosaics in what century?
|
[
{
"id": 108242,
"question": "The artwork The Merciful Knight was by who?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__108202_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Beguiling of Merlin",
"paragraph_text": "The Beguiling of Merlin is a painting by the British Pre-Raphaelite painter Edward Burne-Jones that was created between 1872 and 1877.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "An exceptionally well preserved, carpet-like mosaic floor was uncovered in 1949 in Bethany, the early Byzantine church of the Lazarium which was built between 333 and 390. Because of its purely geometrical pattern, the church floor is to be grouped with other mosaics of the time in Palestine and neighboring areas, especially the Constantinian mosaics in the central nave at Bethlehem. A second church was built above the older one during the 6th century with another more simple geometric mosaic floor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The 9th- and 10th-century mosaics of the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople are truly classical Byzantine artworks. The north and south tympana beneath the dome was decorated with figures of prophets, saints and patriarchs. Above the principal door from the narthex we can see an Emperor kneeling before Christ (late 9th or early 10th century). Above the door from the southwest vestibule to the narthex another mosaic shows the Theotokos with Justinian and Constantine. Justinian I is offering the model of the church to Mary while Constantine is holding a model of the city in his hand. Both emperors are beardless – this is an example for conscious archaization as contemporary Byzantine rulers were bearded. A mosaic panel on the gallery shows Christ with Constantine Monomachos and Empress Zoe (1042–1055). The emperor gives a bulging money sack to Christ as a donation for the church.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Very few early Byzantine mosaics survived the Iconoclastic destruction of the 8th century. Among the rare examples are the 6th-century Christ in majesty (or Ezekiel's Vision) mosaic in the apse of the Church of Hosios David in Thessaloniki that was hidden behind mortar during those dangerous times. Nine mosaic panels in the Hagios Demetrios Church, which were made between 634 and 730, also escaped destruction. Unusually almost all represent Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki, often with suppliants before him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The greatest development of Christian mosaics unfolded in the second half of the 6th century. Outstanding examples of Byzantine mosaic art are the later phase mosaics in the Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest. The mosaics of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe were made around 549. The anti-Arian theme is obvious in the apse mosaic of San Michele in Affricisco, executed in 545–547 (largely destroyed; the remains in Berlin).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Somewhere Far Beyond",
"paragraph_text": "Somewhere Far Beyond is the fourth studio album by German power metal band Blind Guardian. It was released in 1992 and produced by Kalle Trapp. The cover artwork was created by Andreas Marschall, who drew the artwork for other Blind Guardian's releases (\"Tales from the Twilight World\", \"Nightfall in Middle-Earth\", etc.). The album saw the band creating its own original sound, while still employing most of their speed/power metal techniques.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "With the building of Christian basilicas in the late 4th century, wall and ceiling mosaics were adopted for Christian uses. The earliest examples of Christian basilicas have not survived, but the mosaics of Santa Constanza and Santa Pudenziana, both from the 4th century, still exist. The winemaking putti in the ambulatory of Santa Constanza still follow the classical tradition in that they represent the feast of Bacchus, which symbolizes transformation or change, and are thus appropriate for a mausoleum, the original function of this building. In another great Constantinian basilica, the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem the original mosaic floor with typical Roman geometric motifs is partially preserved. The so-called Tomb of the Julii, near the crypt beneath St Peter's Basilica, is a 4th-century vaulted tomb with wall and ceiling mosaics that are given Christian interpretations. The Rotunda of Galerius in Thessaloniki, converted into a Christian church during the course of the 4th century, was embellished with very high artistic quality mosaics. Only fragments survive of the original decoration, especially a band depicting saints with hands raised in prayer, in front of complex architectural fantasies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what century was the creator of The Beguiling of Merlin noted for creating mosaics?
|
[
{
"id": 108202,
"question": "The artwork The Beguiling of Merlin was by who?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__41219_84668
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "In cases where the criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI's broadcasting the track \"Filthy Words\" from a George Carlin comedy album, which eventually led to the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example, Joseph Haas was arrested for allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Geology",
"paragraph_text": "All of these processes do not necessarily occur in a single environment, and do not necessarily occur in a single order. The Hawaiian Islands, for example, consist almost entirely of layered basaltic lava flows. The sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States contain almost-undeformed stacks of sedimentary rocks that have remained in place since Cambrian time. Other areas are much more geologically complex. In the southwestern United States, sedimentary, volcanic, and intrusive rocks have been metamorphosed, faulted, foliated, and folded. Even older rocks, such as the Acasta gneiss of the Slave craton in northwestern Canada, the oldest known rock in the world have been metamorphosed to the point where their origin is undiscernable without laboratory analysis. In addition, these processes can occur in stages. In many places, the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States being a very visible example, the lower rock units were metamorphosed and deformed, and then deformation ended and the upper, undeformed units were deposited. Although any amount of rock emplacement and rock deformation can occur, and they can occur any number of times, these concepts provide a guide to understanding the geological history of an area.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Minoan civilization",
"paragraph_text": "The Minoan civilization was an Aegean Bronze Age civilization on the island of Crete and other Aegean Islands which flourished from about 2600 to 1600 BC, before a late period of decline, finally ending around 1100. It preceded the Mycenaean civilization of ancient Greece. The civilization was rediscovered at the beginning of the 20th century through the work of British archaeologist Arthur Evans. It has been described as the earliest of its kind in Europe, with historian Will Durant calling the Minoans ``the first link in the European chain ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Globe",
"paragraph_text": "The sphericity of the Earth was established by Greek astronomy in the 3rd century BC, and the earliest terrestrial globe appeared from that period. The earliest known example is the one constructed by Crates of Mallus in Cilicia (now Çukurova in modern - day Turkey), in the mid-2nd century BC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jean-Jacques Pauvert",
"paragraph_text": "Pauvert was born in Paris. In addition to his other publications, he published the first French edition of the \"Civil disobedience\" of Henry David Thoreau in 1968. He died, aged 88, in Toulon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Fronde",
"paragraph_text": "The Fronde () was a series of civil wars in France between 1648 and 1653, occurring in the midst of the Franco-Spanish War, which had begun in 1635. King Louis XIV confronted the combined opposition of the princes, the nobility, the law courts (\"parlements\"), and most of the French people, and yet won out in the end. The dispute started when the government of France issued seven fiscal edicts, six of which were to increase taxation. The parlements pushed back and questioned the constitutionality of the King's actions and sought to check his powers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Leviathan (disambiguation)",
"paragraph_text": "Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common - Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil -- commonly referred to as Leviathan -- is a book written by Thomas Hobbes (1588 -- 1679) and published in 1651 (revised Latin edition 1668). Its name derives from the biblical Leviathan. The work concerns the structure of society and legitimate government, and is regarded as one of the earliest and most influential examples of social contract theory. Leviathan ranks as a classic western work on statecraft comparable to Machiavelli's The Prince. Written during the English Civil War (1642 -- 1651), Leviathan argues for a social contract and rule by an absolute sovereign. Hobbes wrote that civil war and the brute situation of a state of nature (``the war of all against all '') could only be avoided by strong, undivided government.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India initiated by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 24 - day march began from 12 March 1930 and continued until 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly, and it gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide non co-operation movement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Civil rights movement",
"paragraph_text": "The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations and productive dialogues between activists and government authorities. Federal, state, and local governments, businesses, and communities often had to respond immediately to these situations, which highlighted the inequities faced by African Americans. The lynching of Emmett Till and the visceral response to his mother's decision to have an open - casket funeral mobilized the African - American community nationwide. Forms of protest and / or civil disobedience included boycotts such as the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 -- 56) in Alabama; ``sit - ins ''such as the influential Greensboro sit - ins (1960) in North Carolina and successful Nashville sit - ins in Tennessee; marches, such as the Birmingham Children's Crusade and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama; and a wide range of other nonviolent activities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mayroubian",
"paragraph_text": "The Mayroubian (from the type site Mayrouba) is a culture of the Lebanese Stone Age. Archaeological sites of this culture occur in the earliest, cretaceous, sandstone layer at altitudes of over in the districts of Meten, Chouf and Kesrouan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum, Classical Latin: (ɪmˈpɛ. ri. ũː roːˈmaː. nũː); Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, with a government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's population grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500 - year - old republic which preceded it had been severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Daylight saving time",
"paragraph_text": "Older or stripped-down systems may support only the TZ values required by POSIX, which specify at most one start and end rule explicitly in the value. For example, TZ='EST5EDT,M3.2.0/02:00,M11.1.0/02:00' specifies time for the eastern United States starting in 2007. Such a TZ value must be changed whenever DST rules change, and the new value applies to all years, mishandling some older timestamps.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The earliest examples of civil disobedience occurred under an empire that existed over what date range?
|
[
{
"id": 41219,
"question": "When did the earliest examples of civil disobedience as a whole occur?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 84668,
"question": "when did #1 end and start",
"answer": "c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
c. 100 BC -- c. AD 400
|
[] | true |
2hop__107798_821686
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Lost Planet",
"paragraph_text": "The Lost Planet is a 1953 Columbia Pictures 15-chapter serial which has the distinction of being the last interplanetary-themed sound serial ever made. It was directed by Spencer Gordon Bennet with a screenplay by George H. Plympton and Arthur Hoerl (who also wrote for",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Avalon Hill",
"paragraph_text": "Monarch sold Avalon Hill to Hasbro Games on August 4, 1998 for $6 million. Hasbro, largely seeking a computer gaming software company and known games to convert to interactive computer games per an Arcadia Investment Corp. investment analyst, purchased the rights to the Avalon Hill trademarks, copyrights, inventory, tooling and divisions, Avalon Hill Software and Victory Games. Avalon Hill Games, Inc. was incorporated by Hasbro on .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Little Fur Family",
"paragraph_text": "Little Fur Family is a 1946 picture book written by Margaret Wise Brown and illustrated by Garth Williams. It tells the story of a little fur child's day in the woods. The day ends when his big fur parents tuck him in bed \"all soft and warm,\" and sing him to sleep with a bedtime song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon is a painting by Edward Burne-Jones, started in 1881. The massive painting measures 279 cm × 650 cm, and is widely considered to be Burne-Jones's \"magnum opus\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Avalon, Georgia",
"paragraph_text": "Avalon is a town in Stephens County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 213. Avalon was named for the Arthurian island of paradise. It was founded in 1882 by Richard Dempsey Yow, and incorporated in 1909. Yow and two brothers started a successful mercantile business there. Although it was at one time a self-contained village with a railway station, post office, school, and church, Avalon's tiny population now shares these functions with those dwelling in nearby towns.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Avalon International Breads",
"paragraph_text": "Avalon International Breads adheres to a triple bottom line philosophy, which it interprets as consisting of \"Earth\", \"Community\", and \"Employees\". As of February 2015, it employs a total of 56 people, 90% of whom are Detroit residents. The bakery has three locations: its original building at 422 W. Willis in Midtown/Cass Corridor; its Eat Well, Do Good Cafe at Henry Ford Hospital in New Center; and its Avalon City Ovens production facility on Detroit's East Side. Financially, the bakery has grown steadily, recording profits of $60,000 in 2006 and $2.2 million in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "God Bless the Child (Billie Holiday song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"God Bless the Child\" is a song written by Billie Holiday and Arthur Herzog Jr. in 1939. It was first recorded on May 9, 1941 and released by the Okeh Records in 1942.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Paulene Stone",
"paragraph_text": "In 1963, Stone married Tony Norris, with whom she had one daughter, Sophie Norris (born 1964). The couple divorced in 1967. A couple of years later, in 1969, Stone gave birth to actor Laurence Harvey's only child, Domino Harvey, while he was married to Joan Perry. Stone married Harvey in 1972; the marriage lasted only a year before his death in 1973. In 1978, Paulene Stone married Peter Morton, co-founder of the Hard Rock Cafe restaurant chain, and moved to Los Angeles. They had one son, Harry Morton (born 1981). They divorced in 1986. Stone's fourth and final marriage was to actor Mark Burns, to whom she remained married until his death in May 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ibrahim ibn Muhammad",
"paragraph_text": "Ibrahim ibn Muhammad () was the male child of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and Maria al-Qibtiyya. He was born in the last month of the year 8 AH, equivalent of ca 630 AD. His mother was an Egyptian slave who was sent as a gift from Muqawqis, a Byzantine official, to Muhammad in 628. The child was named after Ibrahim, the Islamic Prophet and common ancestor of the Arabs and Hebrews. The child was placed in the care of a wet nurse called Umm Sayf, wife of Abu Sayf, the blacksmith, in the tradition of the Arabs of the time, to whom Muhammad gave some goats to complement her milk supply.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Sleeping Beauty is a 1959 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney based on \"The Sleeping Beauty\" by Charles Perrault. The 16th Disney animated feature film, it was released to theaters on January 29, 1959, by Buena Vista Distribution. This was the last Disney adaptation of a fairy tale for some years because of its initial mixed critical reception and underperformance at the box office; the studio did not return to the genre until 30 years later, after Walt Disney died in 1966, with the release of \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Georgiana Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_text": "Georgiana Burne-Jones, Lady Burne-Jones (Birmingham, 21 July 1840 – 2 February 1920), the second oldest of the Macdonald sisters, was the wife of Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood artist Edward Burne-Jones, mother of painter Philip Burne-Jones, aunt of novelist Rudyard Kipling, confidante and friend of George Eliot, William Morris, and John Ruskin something of a painter and engraver in her own right. She was a Trustee of the South London Gallery and was elected to the parish Council of Rottingdean, near Brighton in Sussex.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel",
"paragraph_text": "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel is an action role-playing game developed and published by Interplay Entertainment, and distributed in Europe by Avalon Interactive for the Xbox and PlayStation 2. Released on January 14, 2004, \"Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel\" was the fourth video game to be set in the \"Fallout\" universe. It was also the first to be made for consoles, and the last to be made during Interplay's initial run on the series, before the rights passed to Bethesda Softworks. The game chronicles the adventures of an initiate in the fictional Brotherhood of Steel, a militant quasi-religious organization that has come to power in a post-apocalyptic world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Aurora Teagarden",
"paragraph_text": "Aurora Teagarden Candace Cameron Bure as Aurora Teagarden First appearance Real Murders Last appearance Sleep Like a Baby Created by Charlaine Harris Portrayed by Candace Cameron Bure",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Arthur MacArthur IV",
"paragraph_text": "Arthur MacArthur IV (born February 21, 1938) is the only child of General of the Army Douglas MacArthur and Jean MacArthur. He is also the grandson of Lieutenant General Arthur MacArthur, Jr.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ronald Sinclair",
"paragraph_text": "Ronald Sinclair (21 January 1924 – 22 November 1992), born Richard Arthur Hould and sometimes credited as Ra Hould or Ron Sinclair, was a child actor from New Zealand, turned film editor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Dragontorc",
"paragraph_text": "Dragontorc is an action-adventure game developed by Steve Turner's Graftgold and released for the Amstrad CPC and ZX Spectrum by Hewson Consultants in 1985. It is a sequel to 1984's \"Avalon The 3D Adventure Movie.\" The hero of \"Avalon,\" Maroc the Mage, returns to defeat an evil witch and save Britain. The game was very well received by critics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frankie Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "Frankie Avalon (born Francis Thomas Avallone; September 18, 1940) is an Italian - American actor, singer, and former teen idol.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Art Fiala",
"paragraph_text": "Arthur Fiala (February 17, 1899 in Kewaunee, Wisconsin – November 23, 2005) was, at age 106, one of the last surviving American World War I veterans, and the very last in Wisconsin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Bern",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2015, Bern's City Council is made up of two representatives of the SP (Social Democratic Party, of whom one is also the mayor), and one each of CVP (Christian Democratic Party), GB (Green Alliance of Berne), and FDP (FDP.The Liberals), giving the left parties a majority of three out of five seats. The last election was held on 25 November 2012.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sleeping Beauty (1959 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Sleeping Beauty is a 1959 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney based on The Sleeping Beauty by Charles Perrault. The 16th Disney animated feature film, it was released to theaters on January 29, 1959, by Buena Vista Distribution. This was the last Disney adaptation of a fairy tale for some years because of its initial mixed critical reception and underperformance at the box office; the studio did not return to the genre until 30 years later, after Walt Disney died in 1966, with the release of The Little Mermaid (1989).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the son of the painter of The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon?
|
[
{
"id": 107798,
"question": "The The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon was made by whom?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 821686,
"question": "#1 >> child",
"answer": "Philip Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Philip Burne-Jones
|
[] | true |
2hop__149855_96331
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Andrew Van de Kamp",
"paragraph_text": "Andrew Van de Kamp is a fictional character in the ABC television series \"Desperate Housewives\" played by Shawn Pyfrom, and is the son of one of the title characters, Bree Van de Kamp, and her first husband Rex Van de Kamp.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation",
"paragraph_text": "Kathryn Hahn as Ericka Van Helsing: The captain and cruise director of the cruise ship Legacy. She is secretly continuing her great - grandfather's wishes in eliminating monsters and is Dracula's love interest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Poets and Murder",
"paragraph_text": "Poets and Murder is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Harker's fiancée, Mina Murray, is staying with her friend Lucy Westenra, who is holidaying in Whitby. Lucy receives three marriage proposals from Dr. John Seward, Quincey Morris, and Arthur Holmwood (the son of Lord Godalming who later obtains the title himself). Lucy accepts Holmwood's proposal while turning down Seward and Morris, but all remain friends. Dracula communicates with Seward's patient, Renfield, an insane man who wishes to consume insects, spiders, birds, and rats to absorb their \"life force\". Renfield is able to detect Dracula's presence and supplies clues accordingly.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Barry Van Dyke",
"paragraph_text": "Barry Van Dyke (born July 31, 1951) is an American actor and the second son of actor and entertainer Dick Van Dyke and Margie Willett, and nephew of Jerry Van Dyke. He has often worked with his father. He is best known to audiences as Lieutenant Detective Steve Sloan, a homicide detective and the son of (played by Dick Van Dyke) on \"\". In the show, the characters' relatives were frequently played by real-life family members.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Alex Cross",
"paragraph_text": "Alex Cross is a fictional character created by author James Patterson. He is the protagonist of the series of books about a former FBI agent and psychologist who works in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Nocturnal Animals",
"paragraph_text": "Amy Adams as Susan Morrow, a rich art gallery owner living in Los Angeles Jake Gyllenhaal as Edward Sheffield, Susan's estranged ex-husband and novelist Armie Hammer as Hutton Morrow, Susan's second husband, who has been neglectful towards Susan Laura Linney as Anne Sutton, Susan's estranged mother Andrea Riseborough as Alessia Holt, Carlos' wife Michael Sheen as Carlos Holt, Alessia's homosexual husband India Menuez as Samantha Morrow, Susan's daughter Zawe Ashton as Alex Jena Malone as Sage Ross Kristin Bauer van Straten as Samantha Van Helsing",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Van Helsing (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Van Helsing is an American - Canadian dark fantasy horror drama television series that premiered on September 23, 2016 on Syfy in the United States. The series was originally slated to premiere in Canada on Super Channel, but because of Super Channel's ongoing bankruptcy proceedings, the series was ultimately dropped from their schedule and instead premiered on Netflix on December 23, 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Abraham Pietersen van Deusen",
"paragraph_text": "Abraham Pietersen van Deursen (before November 11, 1607 – c. 1670), aka Abraham Pietersen van Deusen, was an immigrant from Holland who settled in New Amsterdam and become one of the Council of 12 that was the first representative democracy in the Dutch colony. The Van Deursen, Van Deusen, Van Duser, Van Duzer, Van Duzor, Vanduzee, and Van Dusen families of the United States and Canada are all descended from Abraham Pietersen van Deusen, a miller and a native originating from Haarlem in the Netherlands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula is a 1973 horror film directed by Alan Gibson and produced by Hammer Film Productions. It is the eighth film in Hammer's \"Dracula\" series, and the seventh and final one to feature Christopher Lee as Dracula. The film was also the third to unite Peter Cushing as Van Helsing with Lee, following \"Dracula\" (1958) and \"Dracula A.D. 1972\" (1972).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jack Bauer",
"paragraph_text": "Jack Bauer is a fictional character and the lead protagonist of the Fox television series \"24\". His character has worked in various capacities on the show, often as a member of the Counter Terrorist Unit (CTU) based in Los Angeles, and working with the FBI in Washington, D.C. during season 7.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Chinese Nail Murders",
"paragraph_text": "The Chinese Nail Murders is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700 BC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Martin Van Buren",
"paragraph_text": "Martin Van Buren was born on December 5, 1782, in the village of Kinderhook, New York about 20 miles (32 km) south of Albany on the Hudson River. He was the first president not born a British subject, nor of British ancestry. His father, Abraham Van Buren, was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen, Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631 and purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island. Abraham Van Buren had been a Patriot during the American Revolution, and he later joined the Democratic - Republican Party. Abraham owned and operated an inn and tavern in Kinderhook and served as Kinderhook's town clerk for several years. In 1776, Abraham married Maria Hoes (or Goes) Van Alen, the widow of Johannes Van Alen. Like Abraham Van Buren, Maria was of Dutch extraction. With Van Alen, Maria had had three children, including future Congressman James I. Van Alen. After their marriage, Abraham and Maria produced five children, including Martin. Unlike every other president before or since, Van Buren spoke English as a second language, and his primary language in his youth was Dutch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation",
"paragraph_text": "Ericka goes to a secret room on the lower decks where she meets Abraham Van Helsing, who is revealed to be her great - grandfather and is almost completely mechanised, to avoid death. Van Helsing has plans to eliminate all the monsters, in the cruise upon its arrival at the lost city of Atlantis using an Instrument of Destruction, that could be found in Atlantis's ruins. Van Helsing makes Ericka promise to not assassinate Dracula beforehand, but she repeatedly attempts to do so anyway, albeit unsuccessfully, much to her frustration. After failing to kill Dracula at an underwater volcano, Ericka moans about being unable to get him. Dracula's friends hear this, and thinking that Ericka likes him, inform Dracula about what they heard. Dracula nervously asks Ericka out on a date, and she accepts since she sees this as another chance to kill the vampire. However, as they dine on a deserted island, Ericka begins to fall in love with Drac, after they learn about each other's pasts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Anita Van Buren",
"paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Anita Van Buren is a fictional character on NBC's long-running police procedural and legal drama television series \"Law & Order\", portrayed by S. Epatha Merkerson. Van Buren appeared in 390 episodes of \"Law & Order\". By episode count, she is the longest-running character on the original show. Van Buren appeared in 392 episodes within the franchise (390 of \"Law & Order\", the \"\" episode \"Badge\" and the \"\" episode \"Skeleton\") and \"\", and is the third longest-running regular character in the \"Law & Order\" franchise, behind Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay) and Donald Cragen (Dann Florek), and the fourth longest-character in the \"Law & Order\" universe, behind Benson (410 episodes in \"\"), Cragen (400 episodes in the franchise), and John Munch (Richard Belzer) (246 episodes in the franchise).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Abraham Van Helsing",
"paragraph_text": "Professor Abraham Van Helsing is a fictional character from the 1897 gothic horror novel \"Dracula\". Van Helsing is an aged polymath Dutch doctor with a wide range of interests and accomplishments, partly attested by the string of letters that follows his name: \"MD, D.Ph., D.Litt., etc.\", indicating a wealth of experience, education and expertise. The character is best known throughout many adaptations of the story as a vampire hunter and the archenemy of Count Dracula.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Van Helsing (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Van Helsing is a 2004 American - Czech horror film written and directed by Stephen Sommers. It stars Hugh Jackman as vigilante monster hunter Van Helsing, and Kate Beckinsale as Anna Valerious. The film is an homage and tribute to the Universal Horror Monster films from the 1930s and '40s (also produced by Universal Studios which were in turn based on novels by Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley), of which Sommers is a fan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Lew Moxon",
"paragraph_text": "Lew Moxon is a fictional character in the DC Comics Batman series. He is most famous for hiring Joe Chill to murder young Bruce Wayne's parents in early versions of Batman's origin story, thus making him indirectly responsible for Batman's existence.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Valene Ewing",
"paragraph_text": "Valene ``Val ''Ewing (maiden name Clements, formerly Gibson, Waleska), portrayed by Joan Van Ark, is a fictional character in the CBS primetime soap opera Knots Landing, a spin - off from the long - running series Dallas, in which she also appeared. The character originated on Dallas in 1978 as the mother of Lucy Ewing and ex-wife of Gary Ewing (the second son of oil baron Jock and Miss Ellie Ewing). Van Ark made several guest appearances on Dallas before becoming one of the main stars of the spin - off Knots Landing in December 1979, though she continued to make small appearances in Dallas for the next several years. Van Ark played Valene in Knots Landing for thirteen of its fourteen seasons, which made her one of the show's longest running stars. The character made her last Knots Landing appearance in 1997, when she appeared in the reunion miniseries Knots Landing: Back to the Cul - de-Sac. In 2013, Van Ark reprised her character for the new, updated version of Dallas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Perry Mason",
"paragraph_text": "Perry Mason is an American fictional character, a criminal defense lawyer who is the main character in works of detective fiction written by Erle Stanley Gardner. Perry Mason is featured in more than 80 novels and short stories, most of which involve a client's murder trial. Typically, Mason establishes his client's innocence (rather than a verdict of 'not guilty') by implicating another character, who then confesses.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What character comes from the same book as Abraham Van Helsing?
|
[
{
"id": 149855,
"question": "What fictional work does Abraham Van Helsing exist in?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 96331,
"question": "The #1 has what character?",
"answer": "Renfield",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
Renfield
|
[] | true |
2hop__3443_86598
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Beyoncé",
"paragraph_text": "Beyoncé has won 20 Grammy Awards, both as a solo artist and member of Destiny's Child, making her the second most honored female artist by the Grammys, behind Alison Krauss and the most nominated woman in Grammy Award history with 52 nominations. \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" won Song of the Year in 2010 while \"Say My Name\" and \"Crazy in Love\" had previously won Best R&B Song. Dangerously in Love, B'Day and I Am... Sasha Fierce have all won Best Contemporary R&B Album. Beyoncé set the record for the most Grammy awards won by a female artist in one night in 2010 when she won six awards, breaking the tie she previously held with Alicia Keys, Norah Jones, Alison Krauss, and Amy Winehouse, with Adele equaling this in 2012. Following her role in Dreamgirls she was nominated for Best Original Song for \"Listen\" and Best Actress at the Golden Globe Awards, and Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture at the NAACP Image Awards. Beyoncé won two awards at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2006; Best Song for \"Listen\" and Best Original Soundtrack for Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Don MacDougall",
"paragraph_text": "Don MacDougall is an American sound engineer. He won an Oscar for Best Sound and was nominated for four more in the same category. He worked on over 130 films between 1974 and 1999.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "List of Jeopardy! contestants",
"paragraph_text": "Jeopardy! is an American television game show. Its format is a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form. Many contestants throughout the show's history have received significant media attention because of their success on Jeopardy!, particularly Brad Rutter, who has won the most money on the show, and Ken Jennings, who has the show's longest winning streak; Rutter and Jennings also hold the first - and second - place records respectively for most money ever won on American game shows. Other contestants went on to great accomplishments, including future U.S. senator and presidential candidate John McCain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Men Against the Arctic",
"paragraph_text": "Men Against the Arctic is a 1955 American short documentary film directed by Winston Hibler. It was part of Disney's People & Places series. It won an Oscar at the 28th Academy Awards in 1956 for Documentary Short Subject. It was also entered into the 6th Berlin International Film Festival.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Slam Dunk Contest",
"paragraph_text": "The very first slam dunk contest was won by Larry Nance Sr. of the Suns at the 1984 NBA All - Star Game. The current champion of the NBA Dunk Contest is Donovan Mitchell of the Utah Jazz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "List of Jeopardy! contestants",
"paragraph_text": "Jeopardy! is an American television game show. Its format is a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in question form. Many contestants throughout the show's history have received significant media attention because of their success on Jeopardy!, particularly Brad Rutter, who has won the most money on the show, and Ken Jennings, who has the show's longest winning streak; Rutter and Jennings also hold the first and second place records respectively for most money ever won on American game shows. Other contestants went on to great accomplishments, including future U.S. senator and presidential candidate John McCain.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Fellini's Casanova",
"paragraph_text": "Shot entirely at the Cinecittà studios in Rome, the film won an Academy Award for Best Costume Design, with the Oscar going to Danilo Donati.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "David Malis",
"paragraph_text": "David Malis (1957) is an American operatic baritone. In 1985 he won the BBC Cardiff Singer of the World contest. His roles include Mozart's Papageno.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Angelo P. Graham",
"paragraph_text": "Angelo P. Graham (1932-2017) was an American art director. He won an Oscar and was nominated for three more in the category Best Art Direction. He worked on nearly 30 films during his 30-year career.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "On Golden Pond (1981 film)",
"paragraph_text": "The film received ten nominations at the 54th Academy Awards including Best Picture and won three: Best Actor (Fonda), Best Actress (Hepburn) and Best Adapted Screenplay (Thompson). Henry Fonda won his only competitive Oscar with this movie and at the age of 76, he became the oldest winner in the aforementioned category. Katharine Hepburn won her fourth Best Actress award, extending her own record for the most Oscars won by a thespian. On Golden Pond is also one of the few movies to earn the nominations for five major Academy Awards (Best Picture, Director, Actor, Actress, and Screenplay).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dance, Girl, Dance",
"paragraph_text": "\"Dance, Girl, Dance\" was edited by Robert Wise, whose next film as editor was \"Citizen Kane\" and who later won Oscars as director of \"West Side Story\" and \"The Sound of Music\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Pride of the Yankees",
"paragraph_text": "Film Editor Daniel Mandell won an Academy Award for his work on \"The Pride of the Yankees\". The film received ten additional Oscar nominations:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Lieberman in Love",
"paragraph_text": "Lieberman in Love is a 1995 American short film directed by Christine Lahti. It won an Oscar in 1996 for Best Short Subject.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going",
"paragraph_text": "In addition to its presence in the musical, ``And I Am Telling You I'm Not Going ''is also notable as the debut single of two women who portrayed Effie. Jennifer Holliday originated the role on Broadway in 1981 and won a Tony Award for her performance as well as the Grammy for Best R&B Performance, Female for its re-release in 1982 for which it became a number - one R&B hit for Holliday. Jennifer Hudson portrayed Effie in the 2006 film adaptation of Dreamgirls, winning an Oscar for the role. Hudson's version became a Top 20 R&B single, and a number - one dance hit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series. Data from Nielsen SoundScan, a music-sales tracking service, showed that of the 47 million CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010, 85 percent were by contestants with ties to the American South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the contestant who won an Oscar for Dreamgirls was on?
|
[
{
"id": 3443,
"question": "Which American Idol contestant won an Oscar for Dreamgirls?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 86598,
"question": "who won ai when #1 was on",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__41219_61968
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "First Indochina War",
"paragraph_text": "Then the U.S. government gradually began supporting the French in their war effort, primarily through the Mutual Defense Assistance Act, as a means of stabilizing the French Fourth Republic in which the French Communist Party was a significant political force. A dramatic shift occurred in American policy after the victory of Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Chinese Civil War. By 1949, however, the United States became concerned about the spread of communism in Asia, particularly following the end of the Chinese Civil War, and began to strongly support the French as the two countries were bound by the Cold War Mutual Defense Programme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Globe",
"paragraph_text": "The sphericity of the Earth was established by Greek astronomy in the 3rd century BC, and the earliest terrestrial globe appeared from that period. The earliest known example is the one constructed by Crates of Mallus in Cilicia (now Çukurova in modern - day Turkey), in the mid-2nd century BC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of India",
"paragraph_text": "From 1920 leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi began highly popular mass movements to campaign against the British Raj using largely peaceful methods. The Gandhi-led independence movement opposed the British rule using non-violent methods like non-cooperation, civil disobedience and economic resistance. However, revolutionary activities against the British rule took place throughout the Indian subcontinent and some others adopted a militant approach like the Indian National Army that sought to overthrow British rule by armed struggle. The Government of India Act 1935 was a major success in this regard. All these movements succeeded in bringing independence to the new dominions of India and Pakistan on 15 August 1947.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Aspirated consonant",
"paragraph_text": "Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Civil rights movement",
"paragraph_text": "The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations and productive dialogues between activists and government authorities. Federal, state, and local governments, businesses, and communities often had to respond immediately to these situations, which highlighted the inequities faced by African Americans. The lynching of Emmett Till and the visceral response to his mother's decision to have an open - casket funeral mobilized the African - American community nationwide. Forms of protest and / or civil disobedience included boycotts such as the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 -- 56) in Alabama; ``sit - ins ''such as the influential Greensboro sit - ins (1960) in North Carolina and successful Nashville sit - ins in Tennessee; marches, such as the Birmingham Children's Crusade and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama; and a wide range of other nonviolent activities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"paragraph_text": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large - scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India initiated by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi, as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 24 - day march began from 12 March 1930 and continued until 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly, and it gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide non co-operation movement.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "In cases where the criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI's broadcasting the track \"Filthy Words\" from a George Carlin comedy album, which eventually led to the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example, Joseph Haas was arrested for allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mayroubian",
"paragraph_text": "The Mayroubian (from the type site Mayrouba) is a culture of the Lebanese Stone Age. Archaeological sites of this culture occur in the earliest, cretaceous, sandstone layer at altitudes of over in the districts of Meten, Chouf and Kesrouan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Atlantic hurricane",
"paragraph_text": "An Atlantic hurricane or tropical storm is a tropical cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean, usually in the summer or fall. A hurricane differs from a cyclone or typhoon only on the basis of location. A hurricane is a storm that occurs in the Atlantic Ocean and northeastern Pacific Ocean, a typhoon occurs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, and a cyclone occurs in the south Pacific or Indian Ocean.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jean-Jacques Pauvert",
"paragraph_text": "Pauvert was born in Paris. In addition to his other publications, he published the first French edition of the \"Civil disobedience\" of Henry David Thoreau in 1968. He died, aged 88, in Toulon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When did the empire, in which the earliest examples of civil disobedience as a whole occurred, begin to fall?
|
[
{
"id": 41219,
"question": "When did the earliest examples of civil disobedience as a whole occur?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 61968,
"question": "when did #1 began to fall",
"answer": "in 376",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
in 376
|
[
"376"
] | true |
2hop__161005_489272
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Bileh",
"paragraph_text": "Bileh is a self-styled \"spokesman\" for Somali pirates operating off the coast of Somalia and based in the town of Eyl in Puntland.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Three Pirates",
"paragraph_text": "The Three Pirates (Italian: \"I tre corsari\") is a 1952 Italian adventure film directed by Mario Soldati. It is based on a novel by Emilio Salgari.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Johnny Depp",
"paragraph_text": "Depp was born in Owensboro, Kentucky, the youngest of four children of Betty Sue Palmer (née Wells), a waitress, and John Christopher Depp, a civil engineer. Depp moved frequently during his childhood. He and his siblings lived in more than 20 different places, eventually settling in Miramar, Florida in 1970. Depp's parents divorced in 1978 when he was 15. His mother married Robert Palmer, whom Depp has called \"an inspiration\".With the gift of a guitar from his mother when he was 12, Depp began playing in various garage bands. A year after his parents' divorce, he dropped out of Miramar High School to become a rock musician. He attempted to go back to school two weeks later, but the principal told him to follow his dream of being a musician. He played with The Kids, a band that enjoyed modest local success. The Kids set out together for Los Angeles in pursuit of a record deal, changing their name to Six Gun Method, but the group split up before signing a record deal. Depp subsequently collaborated with the band Rock City Angels and co-wrote their song \"Mary\", which appeared on Rock City Angels' debut Geffen Records album Young Man's Blues. On December 20, 1983, Depp married Lori Anne Allison, the sister of his band's bass player and singer. During their marriage she worked as a makeup artist while he worked a variety of odd jobs, including a telemarketer for pens. His wife introduced him to actor Nicolas Cage, who advised him to pursue an acting career. Depp and Allison divorced in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl Theatrical release poster Directed by Gore Verbinski Produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Screenplay by Ted Elliott Terry Rossio Story by Ted Elliott Terry Rossio Stuart Beattie Jay Wolpert Based on Pirates of the Caribbean by Walt Disney Starring Johnny Depp Geoffrey Rush Orlando Bloom Keira Knightley Jack Davenport Kevin R. McNally Zoe Saldana Jonathan Pryce Music by Klaus Badelt Hans Zimmer Cinematography Dariusz Wolski Edited by Craig Wood Stephen Rivkin Arthur Schmidt Production companies Walt Disney Pictures Jerry Bruckheimer Films Distributed by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Release date June 28, 2003 (2003 - 06 - 28) (Disneyland Resort) July 9, 2003 (2003 - 07 - 09) (United States) Running time 142 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $140 million Box office $654.3 million",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean",
"paragraph_text": "Pirates of the Caribbean is a Disney media franchise encompassing numerous theme park attractions, a series of films, and spin - off novels, as well as a number of related video games and other media publications. The franchise originated with the Pirates of the Caribbean theme ride attraction, which opened at Disneyland in 1967 and was one of the last Disney theme park attractions overseen by Walt Disney. Disney based the ride on pirate legends and folklore. As of October 2016, Pirates of the Caribbean attractions can be found at five Disney theme parks. Their related films have grossed over US $3.7 billion worldwide as of January 2015, putting the film franchise 11th in the list of all - time highest grossing franchises and film series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Robert and Bertram (1961 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Robert and Bertram (German: Robert und Bertram) is a 1961 West German comedy film directed by Hans Deppe and starring Willy Millowitsch, Vico Torriani and Trude Herr. It was inspired by the characters in Gustav Raeder's 1856 play \"Robert and Bertram\", update to the modern era. Two vagabonds, Robert and Bertram, are hired by a shoe company to walk 500 kilometres to test their new product.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "List of SpongeBob SquarePants cast members",
"paragraph_text": "Actor Character (s) Tom Kenny SpongeBob SquarePants Gary the Snail French Narrator Hans Patchy the Pirate Harold SquarePants Dirty Bubble Grandpa SquarePants Other miscellaneous characters Clancy Brown Mr. Krabs Other miscellaneous characters Rodger Bumpass Squidward Tentacles Other miscellaneous characters Bill Fagerbakke Patrick Star Other miscellaneous characters Mr. Lawrence Plankton Potty the Parrot Realistic Fish Head Larry the Lobster Other miscellaneous characters Jill Talley Karen Other miscellaneous characters Carolyn Lawrence Sandy Cheeks Other miscellaneous characters Mary Jo Catlett Mrs. Puff Other miscellaneous characters Lori Alan Pearl Other miscellaneous characters",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)",
"paragraph_text": "Directors of the series include Gore Verbinski (1 -- 3), Rob Marshall (4) and Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg (5). The series is primarily written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio (1 -- 4); other writers include Stuart Beattie (1), Jay Wolpert (1) and Jeff Nathanson (5). The stories follow the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow (Johnny Depp), Will Turner (Orlando Bloom) and Elizabeth Swann (Keira Knightley). Characters such as Hector Barbossa (Geoffrey Rush) and Joshamee Gibbs (Kevin McNally) follow Jack, Will and Elizabeth in the course of the films. The fourth film features Blackbeard (Ian McShane) and Angelica (Penélope Cruz), while the fifth film features Armando Salazar (Javier Bardem), Henry Turner (Brenton Thwaites) and Carina Smyth (Kaya Scodelario). The films take place in a fictional historical setting; a world ruled by the British Empire, the East India Trading Company (based on the real East India Company) and the Spanish Empire, with pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Grand Theft Auto IV",
"paragraph_text": "Grand Theft Auto IV is an action - adventure video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles on 29 April 2008, and for Microsoft Windows on 2 December 2008. It is the eleventh title in the Grand Theft Auto series, and the first main entry since 2004's Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Set within the fictional Liberty City (based on New York City), the single - player story follows a war veteran, Niko Bellic, and his attempts to escape his past while under pressure from loan sharks and mob bosses. The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City, consisting of three main islands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Tia Dalma",
"paragraph_text": "Tia Dalma, played by Naomie Harris, is a fictional character from the films Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End. It is revealed in At World's End that she is the sea goddess Calypso.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jim (Huckleberry Finn)",
"paragraph_text": "Jim Adventures of Huckleberry Finn character Jim standing on a raft alongside Huck Created by Mark Twain Information Gender Male Spouse (s) Sadie (wife) Children Elizabeth (daughter) Johnny (son) Nationality African American",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Depp as Captain Jack Sparrow: Rønning wanted to focus on relatable characters, as in the first film, ``where Jack is not the (lead... but) comes in and crashes the party every now and then, ''and to make use of Depp's`` comedic genius''. The film examines Jack's backstory, with the young Jack portrayed by Anthony De La Torre, whose face was replaced by a CGI replica of Depp as he looked in 21 Jump Street and What's Eating Gilbert Grape. Rønning felt de-aging Depp was tricky against the canon of the franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Davy Jones (Pirates of the Caribbean)",
"paragraph_text": "Davy Jones is a fictional character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series, portrayed by Bill Nighy. He appears in the second and third films, Dead Man's Chest and At World's End, respectively, and cameos in the series' fifth installment, Dead Men Tell No Tales. He is the captain of the Flying Dutchman (based on the ghost ship of the same name).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jack Sparrow",
"paragraph_text": "Captain Jack Sparrow is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the \"Pirates of the Caribbean\" film series. The character was created by screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio and is portrayed by Johnny Depp. The characterization of Sparrow is based on a combination of The Rolling Stones' guitarist Keith Richards and Looney Tunes cartoon character Pepé Le Pew. He first appears in the 2003 film \"\". He later appears in the sequels \"\" (2006), \"\" (2007), \"\" (2011), and \"\" (2017).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Theodora Richards",
"paragraph_text": "Theodora Dupree Richards (born March 18, 1985) is an American model and the daughter of Patti Hansen and Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards, and the older sister of Alexandra Richards.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Depp as Jack Sparrow: An eccentric pirate characterized by his slightly drunken swagger, slurred speech and awkwardly flailing hand gestures. He has gained a reputation with made-up stories of how he escaped from the deserted island he was put on. He is determined to regain the Black Pearl, which he captained ten years before. The role was originally written especially for Hugh Jackman, thus the name \"Jack Sparrow\"; however, he was not well known outside of his native Australia, so Disney cast the more famous Depp as Jack. Depp found the script quirky: rather than trying to find treasure, the crew of the Black Pearl were trying to return it in order to lift their curse; also, the traditional mutiny had already taken place. Initially Sparrow was, according to Bruckheimer, \"a young Burt Lancaster, just the cocky pirate.\" At the first read-through, Depp surprised the rest of the cast and crew by portraying the character in an off-kilter manner. After researching 18th-century pirates, Depp compared them to modern rock stars and decided to base his performance on Keith Richards. Although Verbinski and Bruckheimer had confidence in Depp, partly because it would be Bloom who was playing the traditional Errol Flynn-type, Disney executives were confused, asking Depp whether the character was drunk or gay, and Michael Eisner even proclaimed while watching rushes, \"He's ruining the film!\" Depp answered back, \"Look, these are the choices I made. You know my work. So either trust me or give me the boot.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Grand Theft Auto V",
"paragraph_text": "Grand Theft Auto V is an action - adventure video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released in September 2013 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, in November 2014 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, and in April 2015 for Microsoft Windows. It is the first main entry in the Grand Theft Auto series since 2008's Grand Theft Auto IV. Set within the fictional state of San Andreas, based on Southern California, the single - player story follows three criminals and their efforts to commit heists while under pressure from a government agency. The open world design lets players freely roam San Andreas' open countryside and the fictional city of Los Santos, based on Los Angeles.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Red Dead Redemption 2",
"paragraph_text": "Red Dead Redemption 2 was developed by Rockstar Studios, a collaborative effort between all of Rockstar Games' studios functioning as a single team, using the proprietary Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE). Woody Jackson, who co-composed the score of Red Dead Redemption, reprises his role. The game was announced in October 2016. In the two days prior, the company had used various social media platforms as well as their own website to release two teaser images in the color and theme of Red Dead Redemption. The teaser images led to considerable attention and raised the stock price of its parent company Take - Two Interactive by nearly six percent. On the day of its announcement for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One, some fans started petitioning Rockstar Games for the game to be made available on Microsoft Windows as well. Per an exclusivity agreement with Sony Interactive Entertainment, certain online game content will be timed exclusives for the PlayStation 4. Originally due for release in the second half of 2017, the game has been delayed twice: first to Q1 / Q2 2018, and later to October 26, 2018.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company",
"paragraph_text": "The Kennedy/Marshall Company (KM) is an American film-production company, based in Santa Monica, California, founded in 1992 by spouses Kathleen Kennedy and Frank Marshall.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Paul Paddick",
"paragraph_text": "Paul Paddick is an Australian singer and actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Captain Feathersword, ``the friendly pirate, ''a character associated with the children's band The Wiggles.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the spouse of the rockstar Depp based his pirate character on?
|
[
{
"id": 161005,
"question": "What rockstar did Depp base his pirate character on?",
"answer": "Keith Richards",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 489272,
"question": "#1 >> spouse",
"answer": "Patti Hansen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Patti Hansen
|
[] | true |
2hop__390_443601
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Classical period (music)",
"paragraph_text": "However, Vienna's fall as the most important musical center for orchestral composition during the late 1820s, precipitated by the deaths of Beethoven and Schubert, marked the Classical style's final eclipse -- and the end of its continuous organic development of one composer learning in close proximity to others. Franz Liszt and Frédéric Chopin visited Vienna when they were young, but they then moved on to other cities. Composers such as Carl Czerny, while deeply influenced by Beethoven, also searched for new ideas and new forms to contain the larger world of musical expression and performance in which they lived.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's relations with Sand were soured in 1846 by problems involving her daughter Solange and Solange's fiancé, the young fortune-hunting sculptor Auguste Clésinger. The composer frequently took Solange's side in quarrels with her mother; he also faced jealousy from Sand's son Maurice. Chopin was utterly indifferent to Sand's radical political pursuits, while Sand looked on his society friends with disdain. As the composer's illness progressed, Sand had become less of a lover and more of a nurse to Chopin, whom she called her \"third child\". In letters to third parties, she vented her impatience, referring to him as a \"child,\" a \"little angel\", a \"sufferer\" and a \"beloved little corpse.\" In 1847 Sand published her novel Lucrezia Floriani, whose main characters—a rich actress and a prince in weak health—could be interpreted as Sand and Chopin; the story was uncomplimentary to Chopin, who could not have missed the allusions as he helped Sand correct the printer's galleys. In 1847 he did not visit Nohant, and he quietly ended their ten-year relationship following an angry correspondence which, in Sand's words, made \"a strange conclusion to nine years of exclusive friendship.\" The two would never meet again.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Polish composers of the following generation included virtuosi such as Moritz Moszkowski, but, in the opinion of J. Barrie Jones, his \"one worthy successor\" among his compatriots was Karol Szymanowski (1882–1937). Edvard Grieg, Antonín Dvořák, Isaac Albéniz, Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and Sergei Rachmaninoff, among others, are regarded by critics as having been influenced by Chopin's use of national modes and idioms. Alexander Scriabin was devoted to the music of Chopin, and his early published works include nineteen mazurkas, as well as numerous études and preludes; his teacher Nikolai Zverev drilled him in Chopin's works to improve his virtuosity as a performer. In the 20th century, composers who paid homage to (or in some cases parodied) the music of Chopin included George Crumb, Bohuslav Martinů, Darius Milhaud, Igor Stravinsky and Heitor Villa-Lobos.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Storm (short story)",
"paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "A Song to Remember",
"paragraph_text": "A Song to Remember is a 1945 Columbia Pictures Technicolor biographical film which tells a fictionalised life story of Polish pianist and composer Frédéric Chopin. Directed by Charles Vidor and starring Paul Muni, Merle Oberon and Cornel Wilde.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's original publishers included Maurice Schlesinger and Camille Pleyel. His works soon began to appear in popular 19th-century piano anthologies. The first collected edition was by Breitkopf & Härtel (1878–1902). Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski published between 1937 and 1966 and the more recent Polish \"National Edition\", edited by Jan Ekier, both of which contain detailed explanations and discussions regarding choices and sources.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Color Purple",
"paragraph_text": "Squeak, a mixed - race woman and Sheriff Hodges' illegitimate niece, attempts to blackmail the sheriff into releasing Sofia, resulting in her being raped by the sheriff. Squeak cares for Sofia's children while she is incarcerated, and the two women develop a friendship. Sofia is eventually released and begins working for Miss Millie, which she detests.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Shapoor Reporter",
"paragraph_text": "Shapoor Reporter was born in Tehran in 1920. His father, Ardeshir Reporter, was an Indian Parsi and a British intelligence officer who came from Mumbai to Tehran in 1893 as the agent of Parsis and developed friendships in the British Legation and began to work for the British.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era. His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying degrees of historical accuracy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "In 1827, soon after the death of Chopin's youngest sister Emilia, the family moved from the Warsaw University building, adjacent to the Kazimierz Palace, to lodgings just across the street from the university, in the south annex of the Krasiński Palace on Krakowskie Przedmieście,[n 5] where Chopin lived until he left Warsaw in 1830.[n 6] Here his parents continued running their boarding house for male students; the Chopin Family Parlour (Salonik Chopinów) became a museum in the 20th century. In 1829 the artist Ambroży Mieroszewski executed a set of portraits of Chopin family members, including the first known portrait of the composer.[n 7]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Two of Chopin's long-standing pupils, Karol Mikuli (1821–1897) and Georges Mathias, were themselves piano teachers and passed on details of his playing to their own students, some of whom (such as Raoul Koczalski) were to make recordings of his music. Other pianists and composers influenced by Chopin's style include Louis Moreau Gottschalk, Édouard Wolff (1816–1880) and Pierre Zimmermann. Debussy dedicated his own 1915 piano Études to the memory of Chopin; he frequently played Chopin's music during his studies at the Paris Conservatoire, and undertook the editing of Chopin's piano music for the publisher Jacques Durand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dante Symphony",
"paragraph_text": "A Symphony to Dante's Divine Comedy, S.109, or simply the \"Dante Symphony\", is a program symphony composed by Franz Liszt. Written in the high romantic style, it is based on Dante Alighieri's journey through Hell and Purgatory, as depicted in \"The Divine Comedy\". It was premiered in Dresden in November 1857, with Liszt himself conducting, and was unofficially dedicated to the composer's friend and future son-in-law Richard Wagner. The entire symphony takes approximately 45 minutes to perform.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's harmonic innovations may have arisen partly from his keyboard improvisation technique. Temperley says that in his works \"novel harmonic effects frequently result from the combination of ordinary appoggiaturas or passing notes with melodic figures of accompaniment\", and cadences are delayed by the use of chords outside the home key (neapolitan sixths and diminished sevenths), or by sudden shifts to remote keys. Chord progressions sometimes anticipate the shifting tonality of later composers such as Claude Debussy, as does Chopin's use of modal harmony.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Numerous recordings of Chopin's works are available. On the occasion of the composer's bicentenary, the critics of The New York Times recommended performances by the following contemporary pianists (among many others): Martha Argerich, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Emanuel Ax, Evgeny Kissin, Murray Perahia, Maurizio Pollini and Krystian Zimerman. The Warsaw Chopin Society organizes the Grand prix du disque de F. Chopin for notable Chopin recordings, held every five years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication. He was the first to write ballades and scherzi as individual concert pieces. He essentially established a new genre with his own set of free-standing preludes (Op. 28, published 1839). He exploited the poetic potential of the concept of the concert étude, already being developed in the 1820s and 1830s by Liszt, Clementi and Moscheles, in his two sets of studies (Op. 10 published in 1833, Op. 25 in 1837).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Some modern commentators have argued against exaggerating Chopin's primacy as a \"nationalist\" or \"patriotic\" composer. George Golos refers to earlier \"nationalist\" composers in Central Europe, including Poland's Michał Kleofas Ogiński and Franciszek Lessel, who utilised polonaise and mazurka forms. Barbara Milewski suggests that Chopin's experience of Polish music came more from \"urbanised\" Warsaw versions than from folk music, and that attempts (by Jachimecki and others) to demonstrate genuine folk music in his works are without basis. Richard Taruskin impugns Schumann's attitude toward Chopin's works as patronizing and comments that Chopin \"felt his Polish patriotism deeply and sincerely\" but consciously modelled his works on the tradition of Bach, Beethoven, Schubert and Field.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "With his mazurkas and polonaises, Chopin has been credited with introducing to music a new sense of nationalism. Schumann, in his 1836 review of the piano concertos, highlighted the composer's strong feelings for his native Poland, writing that \"Now that the Poles are in deep mourning [after the failure of the November 1830 rising], their appeal to us artists is even stronger ... If the mighty autocrat in the north [i.e. Nicholas I of Russia] could know that in Chopin's works, in the simple strains of his mazurkas, there lurks a dangerous enemy, he would place a ban on his music. Chopin's works are cannon buried in flowers!\" The biography of Chopin published in 1863 under the name of Franz Liszt (but probably written by Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein) claims that Chopin \"must be ranked first among the first musicians ... individualizing in themselves the poetic sense of an entire nation.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "At the funeral of the tenor Adolphe Nourrit in Paris in 1839, Chopin made a rare appearance at the organ, playing a transcription of Franz Schubert's lied Die Gestirne. On 26 July 1840 Chopin and Sand were present at the dress rehearsal of Berlioz's Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale, composed to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the July Revolution. Chopin was reportedly unimpressed with the composition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Frédéric Chopin",
"paragraph_text": "Chopin's music remains very popular and is regularly performed, recorded and broadcast worldwide. The world's oldest monographic music competition, the International Chopin Piano Competition, founded in 1927, is held every five years in Warsaw. The Fryderyk Chopin Institute of Poland lists on its website over eighty societies world-wide devoted to the composer and his music. The Institute site also lists nearly 1,500 performances of Chopin works on YouTube as of January 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What symphony was composed by a friend of Chopin?
|
[
{
"id": 390,
"question": "What other composer did Chopin develop a friendship with?",
"answer": "Franz Liszt",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 443601,
"question": "#1 >> notable work",
"answer": "Dante Symphony",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Dante Symphony
|
[] | true |
2hop__3444_90928
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Amores perros",
"paragraph_text": "The soundtrack includes songs by Latin American rock bands including Café Tacuba, Control Machete, and Bersuit Vergarabat. \"Amores perros\" was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2000 and won the Ariel Award for Best Picture from the Mexican Academy of Film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Singapore Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Singapore Idol is a reality television singing competition created by Simon Fuller and produced by MediaCorp Studios and FremantleMedia Operations BV. It began airing on MediaCorp Channel 5 on 9 August 2004, as an addition to the Idol franchise based on the UK show Pop Idol, and became one of the most popular shows in the history of Singaporean television.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Timbuktu (2014 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Timbuktu is a 2014 French-Mauritanian drama film directed by Abderrahmane Sissako. It was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or in the main competition section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. At Cannes, it won the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury and the François Chalais Prize. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, and has been nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language at the 69th British Academy Film Awards. It won Best Film at the 11th Africa Movie Academy Awards. The film was named the twelfth \"Best Film of the 21st Century So Far\" in 2017 by The New York Times.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The enormous success of the show and the revenue it generated was transformative for Fox Broadcasting Company. American Idol and fellow competing shows Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire were altogether credited for expanding reality television programming in the United States in the 1990s and 2000s, and Idol became the most watched non-scripted primetime television series for almost a decade, from 2003 to 2012, breaking records on U.S. television (dominated by drama shows and sitcoms in the preceding decades).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Pakistan Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Pakistan Idol is a Pakistani reality singing competition that is part of the \"Idols\" franchise created by Simon Fuller and owned by 19 Entertainment and FremantleMedia. It is the 50th adaptation of the familiar reality competition format introduced in the British series \"Pop Idol\" in 2001. It is developed for the Pakistani entertainment market by Geo TV.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Ron Bozman",
"paragraph_text": "Ron Bozman is an American film producer who won an Academy Award for Best Picture in 1991 for the film \"The Silence of the Lambs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. Earlier in her career, she was sometimes credited as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Lucy Hale",
"paragraph_text": "Karen Lucille Hale (born June 14, 1989) is an American actress and singer. In the early stages of her career, she was sometimes referred to as Lucy Kate Hale. Hale first came to prominence as one of the five winners of the reality show American Juniors, a children's spin off of American Idol. She is best known for her role as Aria Montgomery on the Freeform series Pretty Little Liars, which won her a People's Choice Award for Favorite Cable TV Actress in 2014. The same year, she released her debut studio album, Road Between.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "List of American films of 1944",
"paragraph_text": "Below is a list of American films released in 1944. \"Going My Way\" won Best Picture at the Academy Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the Idol who won an Academy Award competed?
|
[
{
"id": 3444,
"question": "Which Idol won an Academy Award?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 90928,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 competed",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__144882_626484
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho",
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Lilika",
"paragraph_text": "Lilika () is a 1970 Yugoslav drama film directed by Branko Pleša. The film won the Golden Leopard at the Locarno International Film Festival.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Ap Lo Chun",
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Nada Milošević-Đorđević",
"paragraph_text": "Nada Milošević-Đorđević (Serbian Cyrillic: Нада Милошевић-Ђорђевић; born 1934) is a Serbian literary historian and professor in the Faculty of Philology at the University of Belgrade. She is a corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, in which she is engaged as a member of the Editorial Board of the Serbian Encyclopedia, the president of the Board for Folk Literature, and a member of the Administrative Board of the Endowment of Branko Ćopić. She has published many works in the field of folk literature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Nikoletina Bursać",
"paragraph_text": "Nikoletina Bursać is a 1964 Croatian film directed by Branko Bauer. It is based on a famous novel by the Bosnian Serb writer Branko Ćopić. Both the novel and the film describe the adventures of a Yugoslav Partisan machine-gunner Nikola \"Nikoletina\" Bursać, a tough man with a noble and gentle heart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Radovin",
"paragraph_text": "Radovin is a small village in Zadar County, Croatia, located near the city of Zadar and belongs to the municipality of Ražanac. The population is 549 people (census 2011).",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens",
"paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Canadian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Canada. As of 1 January 2018, Canadian citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the Canadian passport 6th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen",
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Union territory",
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Branko Skroče",
"paragraph_text": "Branko Skroče (born 17 May 1955 in Zadar) is a former Croatian basketball player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1980 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Dallol (woreda)",
"paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "British Togoland",
"paragraph_text": "British Togoland, officially the Mandate Territory of Togoland and later officially the Trust Territory of Togoland, was a territory in West Africa, under the administration of the United Kingdom. It was effectively formed in 1916 by the splitting of the German protectorate of Togoland into two territories, French Togoland and British Togoland, during the First World War. Initially, it was a League of Nations Class B mandate. In 1922, British Togoland was formally placed under British rule while French Togoland, now Togo, was placed under French rule.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Branko Krsmanović",
"paragraph_text": "Branko Krsmanović (1915—1941) was a participant in the Spanish Civil War and the National Liberation struggle and national hero of Yugoslavia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Queen of the Night (2001 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Queen of the Night () is a 2001 Croatian film directed by Branko Schmidt. It was Croatia's submission to the 74th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what administrative territorial entity is the birthplace of Branko Skroče located?
|
[
{
"id": 144882,
"question": "What is the place of birth of Branko Skroče?",
"answer": "Zadar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 626484,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Zadar County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Zadar County
|
[] | true |
2hop__3443_71986
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series. Data from Nielsen SoundScan, a music-sales tracking service, showed that of the 47 million CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010, 85 percent were by contestants with ties to the American South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Brian Dunkleman",
"paragraph_text": "Brian Dunkleman (born September 25, 1971) is an American comedian and actor. He is best known as being co-host with Ryan Seacrest on the first season of American Idol, in 2002.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Melinda Doolittle",
"paragraph_text": "Melinda Marie Doolittle (born October 6, 1977) is an American singer who finished as the third place finalist on the sixth season of \"American Idol\". Prior to her appearance on \"American Idol\", Doolittle worked as a professional back-up singer for, among others, Michael McDonald, Kirk Franklin, Aaron Neville, BeBe and CeCe Winans, Alabama, Jonny Lang, Vanessa Bell Armstrong, Carman, and Anointed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "You're a Star",
"paragraph_text": "You're a Star was a singing contest in Ireland, similar to \"The X Factor\" in the United Kingdom and \"American Idol\" in the USA. Created by Screentime ShinAwiL and Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) in 2002, it was shown weekly on RTÉ One over the winter months of each year. The show was broadcast live from The Helix theatre in Dublin City University (DCU).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Frankie Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "Frankie Avalon (born Francis Thomas Avallone; September 18, 1940) is an Italian - American actor, singer, and former teen idol.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. This is the last season to be aired in standard definition, with the only exception being the grand finale.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Automatic (Sarah Whatmore song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Automatic\" is the second song released by \"Pop Idol\" contestant Sarah Whatmore. The song was originally due to be included on her debut album, however the album was cancelled.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the contestant who won an Oscar for Dreamgirls was on it?
|
[
{
"id": 3443,
"question": "Which American Idol contestant won an Oscar for Dreamgirls?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 71986,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 was on it",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__52445_66376
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Curse of the Billy Goat",
"paragraph_text": "The Curse of the Billy Goat was a sports - related curse supposedly placed on the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise in 1945, by Billy Goat Tavern owner William Sianis. The curse lasted 71 years, from 1945 to 2016. Because the odor of his pet goat, named Murphy, was bothering other fans, Sianis was asked to leave Wrigley Field, the Cubs' home ballpark, during game 4 of the 1945 World Series. Outraged, Sianis allegedly declared, ``Them Cubs, they ai n't gon na win no more, ''which had been interpreted to mean that either the Cubs would never win another National League (NL) pennant, or that they would never again win a World Series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cleveland Indians",
"paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since , they have played at Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with 10 Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought among all 30 current Major League teams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Soldier Field",
"paragraph_text": "Soldier Field was used as a site for many sporting events and exhibitions. The Chicago Cardinals used it as their home field for their final season in Chicago in 1959. A dozen years later in September 1971, the Chicago Bears moved in, originally with a three - year commitment. They previously played at Wrigley Field, best known as the home of the Chicago Cubs baseball team, but were forced to move to a larger venue due to post-AFL -- NFL merger policies requiring that stadium capacities seat over 50,000 spectators. They had intended to build a stadium in Arlington Heights. In 1978, the Bears and the Chicago Park District agreed to a 20 - year lease and renovation of the stadium. Both parties pooled their resources for the renovation. The playing surface was AstroTurf from 1971 through 1987, replaced with natural grass in 1988.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Ron Santo",
"paragraph_text": "Ron Santo Santo at Wrigley Field in May 2009 Third baseman Born: (1940 - 02 - 25) February 25, 1940 Seattle, Washington Died: December 3, 2010 (2010 - 12 - 03) (aged 70) Scottsdale, Arizona Batted: Right Threw: Right MLB debut June 26, 1960, for the Chicago Cubs Last MLB appearance September 29, 1974, for the Chicago White Sox MLB statistics Batting average. 277 Hits 2,254 Home runs 342 Runs batted in 1,331 Teams Chicago Cubs (1960 -- 1973) Chicago White Sox (1974) Career highlights and awards 9 × All - Star (1963 -- 1966, 1968, 1969, 1971 -- 1973) 5 × Gold Glove Award (1964 -- 1968) Chicago Cubs # 10 retired Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame Induction 2012 Vote 93.75% Election Method Golden Era Committee",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Major League Baseball schedule",
"paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 3. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The confusion may stem from the fact that Major League Baseball did decide that, should the Cubs make it to the World Series, the American League winner would have home field advantage unless the Cubs hosted home games at an alternate site since the Cubs home field of Wrigley Field did not yet have lights. Rumor was the Cubs could hold home games across town at Comiskey Park, home of the American League's Chicago White Sox. Rather than hold any games in the cross town rival Sox Park, the Cubs made arrangements with the August A. Busch, owner of the St. Louis Cardinals, to use Busch Stadium in St. Louis as the Cubs \"home field\" for the World Series. This was approved by Major League Baseball and would have enabled the Cubs to host games 1 and 2, along with games 6 and 7 if necessary. At the time home field advantage was rotated between each league. Odd numbered years the AL had home field advantage. Even numbered years the NL had home field advantage. In the 1982 World Series the St. Louis Cardinals of the NL had home field advantage. In the 1983 World Series the Baltimore Orioles of the AL had home field advantage.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Cleveland Indians",
"paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since 1994, they have played at Progressive Field and are the defending American League champions. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with eight Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought, and through 2016 is the fifth - longest in baseball history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Extra innings",
"paragraph_text": "Exactly two weeks later on October 23, 2005, the same Houston Astros team lost to the Chicago White Sox in the longest World Series game by time, Game 3 of the 2005 Series, played at Minute Maid Park, which lasted 5 hours 41 minutes, breaking the previous record of 4 hours 51 minutes in Game 1 of the 2000 World Series. It also shared the record for the longest World Series game by innings at 14, tied with Game 2 of the 1916 World Series, played on October 9, 1916 between the Brooklyn Robins and Boston Red Sox at Braves Field, and Game 1 of the 2015 World Series, played on October 27, 2015 between the New York Mets and Kansas City Royals at Kauffman Stadium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Wrigley Field",
"paragraph_text": "In late 1915, Weeghman's Federal League folded. The resourceful Weeghman formed a syndicate including the chewing gum manufacturer William Wrigley Jr. to buy the Chicago Cubs from Charles P. Taft for about $500,000. Weeghman immediately moved the Cubs from the dilapidated West Side Grounds to his two - year - old park.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Major League Baseball schedule",
"paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March / early April to late September / early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 261⁄2 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games each in the League Championship Series / World Series).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8 -- 7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3 - 1 deficit to win a best - of - seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York Yankees, the 1968 Detroit Tigers, the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, and the 1985 Kansas City Royals.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the 112th edition of Major League Baseball's championship series, a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "2015 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "Located in Chicago's Lake View neighborhood, Wrigley Field sits on an irregular block bounded by Clark and Addison Streets and Waveland and Sheffield Avenues. The area surrounding the ballpark is typically referred to as Wrigleyville. There is a dense collection of sports bars and restaurants in the area, most with baseball inspired themes, including Sluggers, Murphy's Bleachers and The Cubby Bear. Many of the apartment buildings surrounding Wrigley Field on Waveland and Sheffield Avenues have built bleachers on their rooftops for fans to view games and other sell space for advertisement. One building on Sheffield Avenue has a sign atop its roof which says \"Eamus Catuli!\" which is Latin for \"Let's Go Cubs!\" and another chronicles the time since the last Division title, pennant, and World Series championship. The 02 denotes two years since the 2008 NL Central title, 65 years since the 1945 pennant and 102 years since the 1908 World Series championship. On game days, many residents rent out their yards and driveways to people looking for parking spots. The uniqueness of the neighborhood itself has ingrained itself into the culture of the Chicago Cubs as well as the Wrigleyville neighborhood, and has led to being used for concerts and other sporting events, such as the 2010 NHL Winter Classic between the Chicago Blackhawks and Detroit Red Wings, as well as a 2010 NCAA men's football game between the Northwestern Wildcats and Illinois Fighting Illini.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the \"Lovable Losers\" because of this distinction. They are also known as \"The North Siders\" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the team that won the MLB World Series last year play before Wrigley Field?
|
[
{
"id": 52445,
"question": "who won the mlb world series last year",
"answer": "The Cubs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 66376,
"question": "where did the #1 play before wrigley field",
"answer": "West Side Grounds",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
West Side Grounds
|
[] | true |
2hop__811393_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In the Iconoclastic era, figural mosaics were also condemned as idolatry. The Iconoclastic churches were embellished with plain gold mosaics with only one great cross in the apse like the Hagia Irene in Constantinople (after 740). There were similar crosses in the apses of the Hagia Sophia Church in Thessaloniki and in the Church of the Dormition in Nicaea. The crosses were substituted with the image of the Theotokos in both churches after the victory of the Iconodules (787–797 and in 8th–9th centuries respectively, the Dormition church was totally destroyed in 1922).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Only scant remains prove that mosaics were still used in the Early Middle Ages. The Abbey of Saint-Martial in Limoges, originally an important place of pilgrimage, was totally demolished during the French Revolution except its crypt which was rediscovered in the 1960s. A mosaic panel was unearthed which was dated to the 9th century. It somewhat incongruously uses cubes of gilded glass and deep green marble, probably taken from antique pavements. This could also be the case with the early 9th century mosaic found under the Basilica of Saint-Quentin in Picardy, where antique motifs are copied but using only simple colors. The mosaics in the Cathedral of Saint-Jean at Lyon have been dated to the 11th century because they employ the same non-antique simple colors. More fragments were found on the site of Saint-Croix at Poitiers which might be from the 6th or 9th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Another great undertaking by Constantine Monomachos was the restoration of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem between 1042 and 1048. Nothing survived of the mosaics which covered the walls and the dome of the edifice but the Russian abbot Daniel, who visited Jerusalem in 1106–1107 left a description: \"Lively mosaics of the holy prophets are under the ceiling, over the tribune. The altar is surmounted by a mosaic image of Christ. In the main altar one can see the mosaic of the Exhaltation of Adam. In the apse the Ascension of Christ. The Annunciation occupies the two pillars next to the altar.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Isaac Newton",
"paragraph_text": "From 1978 until 1988, an image of Newton designed by Harry Ecclestone appeared on Series D £1 banknotes issued by the Bank of England (the last £1 notes to be issued by the Bank of England). Newton was shown on the reverse of the notes holding a book and accompanied by a telescope, a prism and a map of the Solar System.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jan Saenredam",
"paragraph_text": "Jan Pieterszoon Saenredam (1565 – 6 April 1607) was a Dutch Northern Mannerist painter, printmaker in engraving, and cartographer, and father of the painter of church interiors, Pieter Jansz Saenredam. He is noted for the many allegorical images he created from classical mythology and the Bible.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The synagogue in Eshtemoa (As-Samu) was built around the 4th century. The mosaic floor is decorated with only floral and geometric patterns. The synagogue in Khirbet Susiya (excavated in 1971–72, founded in the end of the 4th century) has three mosaic panels, the eastern one depicting a Torah shrine, two menorahs, a lulav and an etrog with columns, deer and rams. The central panel is geometric while the western one is seriously damaged but it has been suggested that it depicted Daniel in the lion’s den. The Roman synagogue in Ein Gedi was remodeled in the Byzantine era and a more elaborate mosaic floor was laid down above the older white panels. The usual geometric design was enriched with birds in the center. It includes the names of the signs of the zodiac and important figures from the Jewish past but not their images suggesting that it served a rather conservative community.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Nothing Trivial",
"paragraph_text": "Nothing Trivial is a New Zealand comedy-drama television series, produced by South Pacific Pictures. The series is created by the duo of Gavin Strawhan and the co-creator of \"Outrageous Fortune\", Rachel Lang. The pair, who also created the shows \"Go Girls\" and \"This Is Not My Life\", both write and executive produce the show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Pygmalion and the Image series",
"paragraph_text": "Pygmalion and the Image is the second series of four oil paintings in the Pygmalion and Galatea series by the Pre-Raphaelite artist Edward Burne-Jones which was completed between 1875 and 1878. The two collections may be seen below, in the Gallery, the first being now owned by Lord Lloyd Webber, and the second housed at the Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery. This article deals with an appraisal of the second series.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Glee (season 2)",
"paragraph_text": "The second season of the musical comedy - drama television series Glee originally aired between September 21, 2010 and May 24, 2011 on Fox in the United States. The 22 - episode season was produced by 20th Century Fox Television and Ryan Murphy Television, with executive producers Dante Di Loreto and series co-creators Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk, with the other series co-creator, Ian Brennan, as co-executive producer.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what century was the creator of Pygmalion and the Image series noted for creating mosaics?
|
[
{
"id": 811393,
"question": "Pygmalion and the Image series >> creator",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__143945_536676
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Priddis Greens",
"paragraph_text": "Priddis Greens is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District of Foothills No. 31. It is located approximately west of the Hamlet of Priddis, southeast of the Hamlet of Bragg Creek and southwest of the City of Calgary. The hamlet is developed in two residential nodes adjacent to the Priddis Greens Golf & Country Club.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Henichesk Raion",
"paragraph_text": "Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Podolsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "El Tepeyac National Park",
"paragraph_text": "El Tepeyac National Park is one of a number of federally recognized national parks in Mexico that are protected natural areas and administered by the federal National Commission of Protected Natural Areas (CONANP), a subsidiary of SEMARNAT (Ministry of Environment). It is one of the few green areas located north of the Mexico City suburbs. 95% of its territory is located in Gustavo A. Madero, D.F. Borough and 5% in the municipality of Tlalnepantla de Baz.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Arda Green",
"paragraph_text": "Arda Green was born in Prospect, Pennsylvania, daughter of Vennis A. Green and Melva Stevenson Green. Her father taught chemistry, and her sister Metta Clare Green (Loomis) earned a PhD in physics. The Green family moved to California when Arda was a girl. Arda Green earned undergraduate degrees in chemistry and philosophy at the University of California at Berkeley in 1921; she continued into graduate study of philosophy, but soon shifted her focus to medicine. She earned a medical degree at Johns Hopkins University in 1927.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Guayllabamba",
"paragraph_text": "Guayllabamba (Kichwa Wayllapampa, \"green plain\") is a small agricultural town (administratively, a rural parish of the canton of Quito) located 29 kilometers northeast of the city of Quito in northern Ecuador. In the Ecuadorian national census of November 24, 2001, the parish had a population of 12,227. The elevation of the town is above sea level.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship",
"paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam",
"paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Fylakio",
"paragraph_text": "Fylakio (Greek: Φυλάκιο) is a village in the Evros regional unit of northeast Greece. Fylakio is in the municipal unit of Kyprinos. In 2011 the population of Fylakio was 595 for the village and 971 for the community, including the villages Ammovouno and Keramos. It is located on the right bank of the river Ardas, about halfway between Ivaylovgrad (Bulgaria) and Edirne (Turkey).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Słupsk County",
"paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Serpukhovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Prospect, Pennsylvania",
"paragraph_text": "Prospect is a borough in Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the borough had a population of 1,169.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert",
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What region is Arda Green's birth city located in?
|
[
{
"id": 143945,
"question": "In what city was Arda Green born in?",
"answer": "Prospect",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 536676,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Butler County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
Butler County
|
[
"Butler County, Pennsylvania"
] | true |
2hop__3443_69821
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "You're a Star",
"paragraph_text": "You're a Star was a singing contest in Ireland, similar to \"The X Factor\" in the United Kingdom and \"American Idol\" in the USA. Created by Screentime ShinAwiL and Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) in 2002, it was shown weekly on RTÉ One over the winter months of each year. The show was broadcast live from The Helix theatre in Dublin City University (DCU).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series. Data from Nielsen SoundScan, a music-sales tracking service, showed that of the 47 million CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010, 85 percent were by contestants with ties to the American South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Aubrey Cleland",
"paragraph_text": "Aubrey Cleland is an American model and singer who came in 11th place on the twelfth season of \"American Idol\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Automatic (Sarah Whatmore song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Automatic\" is the second song released by \"Pop Idol\" contestant Sarah Whatmore. The song was originally due to be included on her debut album, however the album was cancelled.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Melinda Doolittle",
"paragraph_text": "Melinda Marie Doolittle (born October 6, 1977) is an American singer who finished as the third place finalist on the sixth season of \"American Idol\". Prior to her appearance on \"American Idol\", Doolittle worked as a professional back-up singer for, among others, Michael McDonald, Kirk Franklin, Aaron Neville, BeBe and CeCe Winans, Alabama, Jonny Lang, Vanessa Bell Armstrong, Carman, and Anointed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Frankie Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "Frankie Avalon (born Francis Thomas Avallone; September 18, 1940) is an Italian - American actor, singer, and former teen idol.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol the year the contestant who won an Oscar for Dreamgirls participated?
|
[
{
"id": 3443,
"question": "Which American Idol contestant won an Oscar for Dreamgirls?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 69821,
"question": "who won american idol the year #1 was on",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__146944_626484
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Republic of Užice",
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of Užice ( / ) was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Municipio XIX",
"paragraph_text": "The Municipio XIX was an administrative subdivision of the city of Rome. Following the administrative reform of 11 March 2013, it was suppressed and merged into the new, and coextensive, Municipio XIV. Its territory is situated to the north-west part of the municipality of Rome.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Orenburgsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Orenburgsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 74,404 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Arrondissement of Mechelen",
"paragraph_text": "The Arrondissement of Mechelen (; ) is one of the three administrative arrondissements in the Province of Antwerp, Belgium. It is both an administrative and a judicial arrondissement, as the territory for both coincides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Love Letter (1995 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Love Letter is a 1995 Japanese film directed by Shunji Iwai and starring Miho Nakayama. The film was shot almost entirely on the island of Hokkaidō, mainly in the city of Otaru.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Miho Klaić",
"paragraph_text": "Miho Klaić (Dubrovnik, August 19, 1829 – Zadar, January 3, 1896) was a Croatian politician and a leader of the Croatian revival in Dalmatia.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Słupsk County",
"paragraph_text": "Słupsk County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Słupsk, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Słupsk County are Ustka, a coastal resort north-west of Słupsk, and Kępice, south of Słupsk.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Podolsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Podolsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast just south of the federal city of Moscow. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Podolsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 82,488 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship",
"paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Eastern Bengal and Assam",
"paragraph_text": "Eastern Bengal and Assam was an administrative subdivision (province) of the British Raj between 1905 and 1912. Headquartered in the city of Dacca, it covered territories in what are now Bangladesh, Northeast India and Northern West Bengal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Serpukhovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Serpukhovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Serpukhov (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 35,173 (2010 Census);",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Henichesk Raion",
"paragraph_text": "Henichesk Raion () is one of the 18 administrative raions (districts) of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is located in the city of Henichesk. Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Zec Bras-Coupé–Désert",
"paragraph_text": "The ZEC Bras-Coupé-Desert is a \"zone d'exploitation contrôlée\" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC), located in the unorganized territory of Lac-Pythonga in La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Outaouais, in Quebec, in Canada.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Radovin",
"paragraph_text": "Radovin is a small village in Zadar County, Croatia, located near the city of Zadar and belongs to the municipality of Ražanac. The population is 549 people (census 2011).",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
What county contains the city where Miho Klaić died?
|
[
{
"id": 146944,
"question": "What city did Miho Klaić live when he died?",
"answer": "Zadar",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 626484,
"question": "#1 >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Zadar County",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Zadar County
|
[] | true |
2hop__3443_90928
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The show itself is popular in the Southern United States, with households in the Southeastern United States 10% more likely to watch American Idol during the eighth season in 2009, and those in the East Central region, such as Kentucky, were 16 percent more likely to tune into the series. Data from Nielsen SoundScan, a music-sales tracking service, showed that of the 47 million CDs sold by Idol contestants through January 2010, 85 percent were by contestants with ties to the American South.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "American Idol (season 1)",
"paragraph_text": "The first season of American Idol premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. That first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "You're a Star",
"paragraph_text": "You're a Star was a singing contest in Ireland, similar to \"The X Factor\" in the United Kingdom and \"American Idol\" in the USA. Created by Screentime ShinAwiL and Raidió Teilifís Éireann (RTÉ) in 2002, it was shown weekly on RTÉ One over the winter months of each year. The show was broadcast live from The Helix theatre in Dublin City University (DCU).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Frankie Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "Frankie Avalon (born Francis Thomas Avallone; September 18, 1940) is an Italian - American actor, singer, and former teen idol.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The impact of American Idol is also strongly felt in musical theatre, where many of Idol alumni have forged successful careers. The striking effect of former American Idol contestants on Broadway has been noted and commented on. The casting of a popular Idol contestant can lead to significantly increased ticket sales. Other alumni have gone on to work in television and films, the most notable being Jennifer Hudson who, on the recommendation of the Idol vocal coach Debra Byrd, won a role in Dreamgirls and subsequently received an Academy Award for her performance.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The Idol of Bonanza Camp",
"paragraph_text": "The Idol of Bonanza Camp is a 1913 American silent short comedy film starring Harry Van Meter, Alexander Gaden and Edna Maison.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "American Idol (season 8)",
"paragraph_text": "The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner - up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale, with the first being season three.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The declining trend however continued into season eight, as total viewers numbers fell by 5–10% for early episodes compared to season seven, and by 9% for the finale. In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million. Nevertheless, American Idol overall finished its ninth season as the most watched TV series for the sixth year running, breaking the previous record of five consecutive seasons achieved by CBS' All in the Family and NBC's The Cosby Show.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Automatic (Sarah Whatmore song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Automatic\" is the second song released by \"Pop Idol\" contestant Sarah Whatmore. The song was originally due to be included on her debut album, however the album was cancelled.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Magdi Rúzsa",
"paragraph_text": "Magdolna \"Magdi\" Rúzsa (; ; born 28 November 1985) is a Hungarian singer who won the 2006 title of \"Megasztár\" (\"\"Megastar\"\"), Hungary's nationwide talent search, that resembles, but is not based on, \"Pop Idol\". As the winner of the category \"Newcomer of the Year\" at the Fonogram Hungarian Music Awards in 2007, she represented Hungary at the Eurovision Song Contest in Helsinki, Finland with the song \"Unsubstantial Blues\". She finished ninth and won a Marcel Bezençon Award in the Best Composer category. She often performs songs by her favorite singer, Janis Joplin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2013, the American Idol alumni in their post-Idol careers have amassed over 59 million albums and 120 million singles and digital track downloads in the United States alone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly considered that \"As TV, American Idol is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement in the show in particular was noted, and some critics were harsh about what they perceived as its blatant commercial calculations – Karla Peterson of The San Diego Union-Tribune charged that American Idol is \"a conniving multimedia monster\" that has \"absorbed the sin of our debauched culture and spit them out in a lump of reconstituted evil\". The decision to send the season one winner to sing the national anthem at the Lincoln Memorial on the first anniversary of the September 11 attacks in 2002 was also poorly received by many. Lisa de Moraes of The Washington Post noted sarcastically that \"The terrorists have won\" and, with a sideswipe at the show's commercialism and voting process, that the decision as to who \"gets to turn this important site into just another cog in the 'Great American Idol Marketing Mandala' is in the hands of the millions of girls who have made American Idol a hit. Them and a handful of phone-redialer geeks who have been clocking up to 10,000 calls each week for their contestant of choice (but who, according to Fox, are in absolutely no way skewing the outcome).\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "The enormous success of the show and the revenue it generated was transformative for Fox Broadcasting Company. American Idol and fellow competing shows Survivor and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire were altogether credited for expanding reality television programming in the United States in the 1990s and 2000s, and Idol became the most watched non-scripted primetime television series for almost a decade, from 2003 to 2012, breaking records on U.S. television (dominated by drama shows and sitcoms in the preceding decades).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol was nominated for the Emmy's Outstanding Reality Competition Program for nine years but never won. Director Bruce Gower won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing For A Variety, Music Or Comedy Series in 2009, and the show won a Creative Arts Emmys each in 2007 and 2008, three in 2009, and two in 2011, as well as a Governor's Award in 2007 for its Idol Gives Back edition. It won the People's Choice Award, which honors the popular culture of the previous year as voted by the public, for favorite competition/reality show in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 and 2012. It won the first Critics' Choice Television Award in 2011 for Best Reality Competition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "American Idol (season 3)",
"paragraph_text": "The third season of American Idol premiered on Monday, January 19, 2004 and continued until May 26, 2004. The third season was won by Fantasia Barrino, who defeated Diana DeGarmo by an approximate margin of 2% (1.3 million votes); the vote total (65 million votes) was the highest recorded vote total in the show's history until the May 23, 2007, finale of the sixth season. This season also featured Jennifer Hudson, who would subsequently win the 2006 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Pia Toscano",
"paragraph_text": "Pia Toscano (born October 14, 1988) is an American singer. Toscano placed ninth on the tenth season of \"American Idol\". She was considered a frontrunner in the competition, and her elimination shocked judges Randy Jackson, Jennifer Lopez, and Steven Tyler, all of whom were visibly and vocally upset. Some viewers and media outlets described Toscano's departure as one of the most shocking eliminations in \"American Idol\" history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Melinda Doolittle",
"paragraph_text": "Melinda Marie Doolittle (born October 6, 1977) is an American singer who finished as the third place finalist on the sixth season of \"American Idol\". Prior to her appearance on \"American Idol\", Doolittle worked as a professional back-up singer for, among others, Michael McDonald, Kirk Franklin, Aaron Neville, BeBe and CeCe Winans, Alabama, Jonny Lang, Vanessa Bell Armstrong, Carman, and Anointed.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "Some in the entertainment industry were critical of the star-making aspect of the show. Usher, a mentor on the show, bemoaning the loss of the \"true art form of music\", thought that shows like American Idol made it seem \"so easy that everyone can do it, and that it can happen overnight\", and that \"television is a lie\". Musician Michael Feinstein, while acknowledging that the show had uncovered promising performers, said that American Idol \"isn't really about music. It's about all the bad aspects of the music business – the arrogance of commerce, this sense of 'I know what will make this person a star; artists themselves don't know.' \" That American Idol is seen to be a fast track to success for its contestants has been a cause of resentment for some in the industry. LeAnn Rimes, commenting on Carrie Underwood winning Best Female Artist in Country Music Awards over Faith Hill in 2006, said that \"Carrie has not paid her dues long enough to fully deserve that award\". It is a common theme that has been echoed by many others. Elton John, who had appeared as a mentor in the show but turned down an offer to be a judge on American Idol, commenting on talent shows in general, said that \"there have been some good acts but the only way to sustain a career is to pay your dues in small clubs\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "American Idol is broadcast to over 100 nations outside of the United States. In most nations these are not live broadcasts and may be tape delayed by several days or weeks. In Canada, the first thirteen seasons of American Idol were aired live by CTV and/or CTV Two, in simulcast with Fox. CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "American Idol",
"paragraph_text": "For five consecutive seasons, starting in season seven, the title was given to a white male who plays the guitar – a trend that Idol pundits call the \"White guy with guitar\" or \"WGWG\" factor. Just hours before the season eleven finale, where Phillip Phillips was named the winner, Richard Rushfield, author of the book American Idol: The Untold Story, said, \"You have this alliance between young girls and grandmas and they see it, not necessarily as a contest to create a pop star competing on the contemporary radio, but as .... who's the nicest guy in a popularity contest,\" he says, \"And that has led to this dynasty of four, and possibly now five, consecutive, affable, very nice, good-looking white boys.\"",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who won American Idol when the contestant who won an Oscar for Dreamgirls competed?
|
[
{
"id": 3443,
"question": "Which American Idol contestant won an Oscar for Dreamgirls?",
"answer": "Jennifer Hudson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 90928,
"question": "who won american idol when #1 competed",
"answer": "Fantasia Barrino",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Fantasia Barrino
|
[] | true |
2hop__107798_37364
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In parts of Italy, which were under eastern artistic influences, like Sicily and Venice, mosaic making never went out of fashion in the Middle Ages. The whole interior of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice is clad with elaborate, golden mosaics. The oldest scenes were executed by Greek masters in the late 11th century but the majority of the mosaics are works of local artists from the 12th–13th centuries. The decoration of the church was finished only in the 16th century. One hundred and ten scenes of mosaics in the atrium of St Mark's were based directly on the miniatures of the Cotton Genesis, a Byzantine manuscript that was brought to Venice after the sack of Constantinople (1204). The mosaics were executed in the 1220s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Aurora Teagarden",
"paragraph_text": "Aurora Teagarden Candace Cameron Bure as Aurora Teagarden First appearance Real Murders Last appearance Sleep Like a Baby Created by Charlaine Harris Portrayed by Candace Cameron Bure",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Southern Italy was also part of the Norman kingdom but great mosaics did not survive in this area except the fine mosaic pavement of the Otranto Cathedral from 1166, with mosaics tied into a tree of life, mostly still preserved. The scenes depict biblical characters, warrior kings, medieval beasts, allegories of the months and working activity. Only fragments survived from the original mosaic decoration of Amalfi's Norman Cathedral. The mosaic ambos in the churches of Ravello prove that mosaic art was widespread in Southern Italy during the 11th–13th centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Back to the Tracks",
"paragraph_text": "Back to the Tracks is a hard bop album by tenor saxophonist Tina Brooks recorded in 1960 and released posthumously. The tracks first appeared in a Mosaic 12\" LP box-set (MR4-106) entitled \"The Complete Blue Note Recordings of The Tina Brooks Quintets\". The album was originally intended as BLP 4052, but, for some reason, it was shelved at the time. A Blue Note CD (purple cover, Blue Note 21737) appeared in 1998, then reissued in 2006 (green cover, BST 84052). Both editions are now out-of-print. A song recorded during the session, \"David the King\", was rejected since it \"never made it to releasable quality\". Said piece, however, made it to Brooks' final recording for Blue Note, \"The Waiting Game\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic art also flourished in Christian Petra where three Byzantine churches were discovered. The most important one was uncovered in 1990. It is known that the walls were also covered with golden glass mosaics but only the floor panels survived as usual. The mosaic of the seasons in the southern aisle is from this first building period from the middle of the 5th century. In the first half of the 6th century the mosaics of the northern aisle and the eastern end of the southern aisle were installed. They depict native as well as exotic or mythological animals, and personifications of the Seasons, Ocean, Earth and Wisdom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The apse mosaic of the Gelati Monastery is a rare example of mosaic use in Georgia. Began by king David IV and completed by his son Demetrius I of Georgia, the fragmentary panel depicts Theotokos flanked by two archangels. The use of mosaic in Gelati attests to some Byzantine influence in the country and was a demonstration of the imperial ambition of the Bagrationids. The mosaic covered church could compete in magnificence with the churches of Constantinople. Gelati is one of few mosaic creations which survived in Georgia but fragments prove that the early churches of Pitsunda and Tsromi were also decorated with mosaic as well as other, lesser known sites. The destroyed 6th century mosaic floors in the Pitsunda Cathedral have been inspired by Roman prototypes. In Tsromi the tesserae are still visible on the walls of the 7th-century church but only faint lines hint at the original scheme. Its central figure was Christ standing and displaying a scroll with Georgian text.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon",
"paragraph_text": "The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon is a painting by Edward Burne-Jones, started in 1881. The massive painting measures 279 cm × 650 cm, and is widely considered to be Burne-Jones's \"magnum opus\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, \"The burial of St Mark in the first basilica\"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Church of St Stephen in ancient Kastron Mefaa (now Umm ar-Rasas) were made in 785 (discovered after 1986). The perfectly preserved mosaic floor is the largest one in Jordan. On the central panel hunting and fishing scenes are depicted while another panel illustrates the most important cities of the region. The frame of the mosaic is especially decorative. Six mosaic masters signed the work: Staurachios from Esbus, Euremios, Elias, Constantinus, Germanus and Abdela. It overlays another, damaged, mosaic floor of the earlier (587) \"Church of Bishop Sergius.\" Another four churches were excavated nearby with traces of mosaic decoration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by Edward Burne-Jones at St Pauls within the Walls in Rome. Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis, located in St. Louis, Missouri. A modern example of mosaic is the Museum of Natural History station of the New York City Subway (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many IND stations are usually designed with bland mosaics.) Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the rest areas along some Texas interstate highways.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The last great period of Roman mosaic art was the 12th–13th century when Rome developed its own distinctive artistic style, free from the strict rules of eastern tradition and with a more realistic portrayal of figures in the space. Well-known works of this period are the floral mosaics of the Basilica di San Clemente, the façade of Santa Maria in Trastevere and San Paolo fuori le Mura. The beautiful apse mosaic of Santa Maria in Trastevere (1140) depicts Christ and Mary sitting next to each other on the heavenly throne, the first example of this iconographic scheme. A similar mosaic, the Coronation of the Virgin, decorates the apse of Santa Maria Maggiore. It is a work of Jacopo Torriti from 1295. The mosaics of Torriti and Jacopo da Camerino in the apse of San Giovanni in Laterano from 1288–94 were thoroughly restored in 1884. The apse mosaic of San Crisogono is attributed to Pietro Cavallini, the greatest Roman painter of the 13th century. Six scenes from the life of Mary in Santa Maria in Trastevere were also executed by Cavallini in 1290. These mosaics are praised for their realistic portrayal and attempts of perspective. There is an interesting mosaic medaillon from 1210 above the gate of the church of San Tommaso in Formis showing Christ enthroned between a white and a black slave. The church belonged to the Order of the Trinitarians which was devoted to ransoming Christian slaves.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In the 5th-century Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire, became the center of late Roman mosaic art. The Mausoleum of Galla Placidia was decorated with mosaics of high artistic quality in 425–430. The vaults of the small, cross-shaped structure are clad with mosaics on blue background. The central motif above the crossing is a golden cross in the middle of the starry sky. Another great building established by Galla Placidia was the church of San Giovanni Evangelista. She erected it in fulfillment of a vow that she made having escaped from a deadly storm in 425 on the sea voyage from Constantinople to Ravenna. The mosaics depicted the storm, portraits of members of the western and eastern imperial family and the bishop of Ravenna, Peter Chrysologus. They are known only from Renaissance sources because almost all were destroyed in 1747.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "After 539 Ravenna was reconquered by the Romans in the form of the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire) and became the seat of the Exarchate of Ravenna. The greatest development of Christian mosaics unfolded in the second half of the 6th century. Outstanding examples of Byzantine mosaic art are the later phase mosaics in the Basilica of San Vitale and Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. The mosaic depicting Emperor Saint Justinian I and Empress Theodora in the Basilica of San Vitale were executed shortly after the Byzantine conquest. The mosaics of the Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe were made around 549. The anti-Arian theme is obvious in the apse mosaic of San Michele in Affricisco, executed in 545–547 (largely destroyed; the remains in Berlin).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "Other important Venetian mosaics can be found in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Torcello from the 12th century, and in the Basilical of Santi Maria e Donato in Murano with a restored apse mosaic from the 12th century and a beautiful mosaic pavement (1140). The apse of the San Cipriano Church in Murano was decorated with an impressive golden mosaic from the early 13th century showing Christ enthroned with Mary, St John and the two patron saints, Cipriano and Cipriana. When the church was demolished in the 19th century, the mosaic was bought by Frederick William IV of Prussia. It was reassembled in the Friedenskirche of Potsdam in the 1840s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "The mosaics of the Villa Romana del Casale near Piazza Armerina in Sicily are the largest collection of late Roman mosaics in situ in the world, and are protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The large villa rustica, which was probably owned by Emperor Maximian, was built largely in the early 4th century. The mosaics were covered and protected for 700 years by a landslide that occurred in the 12th Century. The most important pieces are the Circus Scene, the 64m long Great Hunting Scene, the Little Hunt, the Labours of Hercules and the famous Bikini Girls, showing women undertaking a range of sporting activities in garments that resemble 20th Century bikinis. The peristyle, the imperial apartments and the thermae were also decorated with ornamental and mythological mosaics. Other important examples of Roman mosaic art in Sicily were unearthed on the Piazza Vittoria in Palermo where two houses were discovered. The most important scenes there depicted Orpheus, Alexander the Great's Hunt and the Four Seasons.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In 1913 the Zliten mosaic, a Roman mosaic famous for its many scenes from gladiatorial contests, hunting and everyday life, was discovered in the Libyan town of Zliten. In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD. The mosaics show a warrior in combat with a deer, four young men wrestling a wild bull to the ground, and a gladiator resting in a state of fatigue, staring at his slain opponent. The mosaics decorated the walls of a cold plunge pool in a bath house within a Roman villa. The gladiator mosaic is noted by scholars as one of the finest examples of mosaic art ever seen — a \"masterpiece comparable in quality with the Alexander Mosaic in Pompeii.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Mosaic",
"paragraph_text": "In the 7th–9th centuries Rome fell under the influence of Byzantine art, noticeable on the mosaics of Santa Prassede, Santa Maria in Domnica, Sant'Agnese fuori le Mura, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Santi Nereo e Achilleo and the San Venanzio chapel of San Giovanni in Laterano. The great dining hall of Pope Leo III in the Lateran Palace was also decorated with mosaics. They were all destroyed later except for one example, the so-called Triclinio Leoniano of which a copy was made in the 18th century. Another great work of Pope Leo, the apse mosaic of Santa Susanna, depicted Christ with the Pope and Charlemagne on one side, and SS. Susanna and Felicity on the other. It was plastered over during a renovation in 1585. Pope Paschal I (817–824) embellished the church of Santo Stefano del Cacco with an apsidal mosaic which depicted the pope with a model of the church (destroyed in 1607).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The painter of The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon is noted for creating mosaics in what century?
|
[
{
"id": 107798,
"question": "The The Last Sleep of Arthur in Avalon was made by whom?",
"answer": "Edward Burne-Jones",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 37364,
"question": "#1 is noted for creating mosaics in what century?",
"answer": "19th",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
19th
|
[
"19th century",
"19th-century"
] | true |
2hop__18115_66376
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry",
"paragraph_text": "The Cavaliers -- Warriors rivalry is a National Basketball Association (NBA) rivalry between the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Golden State Warriors. While the two teams have played each other since the Cavaliers joined the league in 1970, their rivalry began to develop in the 2014 -- 15 season, when they met in the first of four consecutive NBA Finals series. Prior to the streak beginning, no pair of teams had faced each other in more than two consecutive Finals. Of these four series, the Warriors have won three championships (2015, 2017, and 2018), and the Cavaliers won in 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "NBA playoffs",
"paragraph_text": "The 1951 through 1953 playoffs changed the division finals into a best - of - five playoff. With only nine league members in 1953 -- 54, the NBA cut its postseason tournament field from eight teams to six (from 1954 through 1966, the period of eight to nine league members). Round robins were played in 1954, uniquely in NBA history -- a three - team round robin among the three playoff teams in each division. From 1955 to 1966, the first - place team in each division was idle while its two runners - up faced played a best - of - three. Division finals were expanded to best - of - seven in 1958 and division semifinals to best - of - five in 1961.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the \"Lovable Losers\" because of this distinction. They are also known as \"The North Siders\" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The official Cubs team mascot is a young bear cub, named Clark, described by the team's press release as a young and friendly Cub. Clark made his debut at Advocate Health Care on January 13, 2014, the same day as the press release announcing his installation as the club's first ever official physical mascot. The bear cub itself was used in the clubs since the early 1900s and was the inspiration of the Chicago Staleys changing their team's name to the Chicago Bears, due to the Cubs allowing the football team to play at Wrigley Field in the 1930s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Emil Juracka",
"paragraph_text": "Emil Juracka (June 11, 1912 – February 21, 1944) was an Austrian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Austrian field handball team, which won the silver medal. He played three matches including the final.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Anthony Nunn",
"paragraph_text": "Anthony Stuart Nunn (born May 24, 1927) was a British field hockey player who competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics. He was a member of the British field hockey team, which won the bronze medal. He played all three matches as forward.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Gael Linn Cup 1977",
"paragraph_text": "The 1977 Gael Linn Cup, the most important representative competition for elite level participants in the women's team field sport of camogie, was played at junior level only in the three years 1975-7. It was won by Munster, who defeated Connacht in the final, played at Adare.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The shift in the Cubs' fortunes was characterized June 23 on the \"NBC Saturday Game of the Week\" contest against the St. Louis Cardinals. it has since been dubbed simply \"The Sandberg Game.\" With the nation watching and Wrigley Field packed, Sandberg emerged as a superstar with not one, but two game-tying home runs against Cardinals closer Bruce Sutter. With his shots in the 9th and 10th innings Wrigley Field erupted and Sandberg set the stage for a comeback win that cemented the Cubs as the team to beat in the East. No one would catch them, except the Padres in the playoffs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Soldier Field",
"paragraph_text": "Soldier Field was used as a site for many sporting events and exhibitions. The Chicago Cardinals used it as their home field for their final season in Chicago in 1959. A dozen years later in September 1971, the Chicago Bears moved in, originally with a three - year commitment. They previously played at Wrigley Field, best known as the home of the Chicago Cubs baseball team, but were forced to move to a larger venue due to post-AFL -- NFL merger policies requiring that stadium capacities seat over 50,000 spectators. They had intended to build a stadium in Arlington Heights. In 1978, the Bears and the Chicago Park District agreed to a 20 - year lease and renovation of the stadium. Both parties pooled their resources for the renovation. The playing surface was AstroTurf from 1971 through 1987, replaced with natural grass in 1988.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Go, Cubs, Go",
"paragraph_text": "In the first week of October 2007, it was the most popular folk music digital download on iTunes. With the Cubs in playoff contention for the first time in three years, the Cubs' victory tune, Go Cubs Go! became more popular among the fans. Due to the song's growing popularity, after wins at home, Cubs TV broadcasters Len Kasper and Bob Brenly would have their microphones shut off, while the camera pans around the stadium to view the jubilant fans singing Go Cubs Go! playing in the background. During that season, it was known as the unofficial Chicago Cubs victory song and it was played at Wrigley Field after each Cubs victory. There were 44 such victories during the 2007 regular season. On October 5, 2007, Illinois Lieutenant Governor Pat Quinn declared the day ``Steve Goodman Day ''throughout the state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kenny Fields",
"paragraph_text": "Kenny Fields (born February 9, 1962) is an American former professional basketball player who was selected by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 1st round (21st overall) of the 1984 NBA Draft. A 6'5\" guard-forward from UCLA, Fields played in 4 seasons in the NBA from 1984-1988. He played for the Bucks and Los Angeles Clippers. His best year as a pro came during the 1986-87 season when he split time with the Bucks and Clippers, appearing in 48 games and averaging 8.2 ppg. Fields also played parts of two seasons in the Continental Basketball Association with three teams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sayan Mondal",
"paragraph_text": "Sayan Mondal (born 10 November 1989) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Bengal cricket team. He plays in three formats of the game, namely List A cricket, First class cricket and Twenty20.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sloan Park",
"paragraph_text": "Sloan Park is an American baseball park in Mesa, Arizona which opened in 2014. The primary operator is the Chicago Cubs and the ballpark serves as their spring training home and is also the home of the Arizona League Cubs of the Arizona League and the Mesa Solar Sox of the Arizona Fall League. Sloan Park was built and paid for by residents of the City of Mesa, approved by ballot measure. It was primarily built to house spring training operations for the Chicago Cubs, who had previously played at nearby Hohokam Stadium. The stadium design was led by Populous. The dimensions of the playing surface closely match those of the Cubs' regular home stadium, Wrigley Field.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Franz Bartl",
"paragraph_text": "Franz Bartl (January 7, 1915 – July 12, 1941) was an Austrian field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was part of the Austrian field handball team, which won the silver medal. He played three matches.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "UCF Knights football",
"paragraph_text": "UCF first fielded a varsity football team in the fall of 1979 as a NCAA Division III program and subsequently completed their ascension to Division I -- A, now known as the Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), in 1996, becoming the only program in NCAA history to have played in all four divisions of football. As a Division I -- AA program, the Knights made the 1990 and 1993 playoffs, and were picked as the preseason No. 1 team to start the 1994 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Kelly Faris",
"paragraph_text": "Kelly Elizabeth Faris (born January 16, 1991) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Breiðablik of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild kvenna. She was drafted 11th overall by the Connecticut Sun in the 2013 WNBA Draft. Faris played shooting guard for the Connecticut women's basketball team,and won two national championships in 2010 and 2013. She was on a post-season championship team for five consecutive seasons, including four consecutive high school state championships and one NCAA championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Wrigley Field",
"paragraph_text": "In late 1915, Weeghman's Federal League folded. The resourceful Weeghman formed a syndicate including the chewing gum manufacturer William Wrigley Jr. to buy the Chicago Cubs from Charles P. Taft for about $500,000. Weeghman immediately moved the Cubs from the dilapidated West Side Grounds to his two - year - old park.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Indianapolis Indians",
"paragraph_text": "The Indianapolis Indians are a professional Minor League Baseball team based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The team plays in the International League. The Triple-A affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates, the Indians play at Victory Field in downtown Indianapolis. The team's mascot is Rowdie the Bear.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Where did the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics play before Wrigley Field?
|
[
{
"id": 18115,
"question": "Who was the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?",
"answer": "The Cubs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 66376,
"question": "where did the #1 play before wrigley field",
"answer": "West Side Grounds",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
West Side Grounds
|
[] | true |
2hop__72224_729624
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Sign of the Four",
"paragraph_text": "The Sign of the Four (1890), also called The Sign of Four, is the second novel featuring Sherlock Holmes written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Doyle wrote four novels and 56 short stories featuring the fictional detective.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge\" is one of the fifty-six Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Arthur Conan Doyle. One of eight stories in the volume \"His Last Bow\", it is a lengthy, two-part story consisting of \"The Singular Experience of Mr. John Scott Eccles\" and \"The Tiger of San Pedro\", which on original publication in \"The Strand\" bore the collective title of \"A Reminiscence of Mr. Sherlock Holmes\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Adventure of the Three Students",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Three Students\", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Man with the Twisted Lip",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Man with the Twisted Lip\", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the sixth of the twelve stories in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". The story was first published in the \"Strand Magazine\" in December 1891. Doyle ranked \"The Man with the Twisted Lip\" sixteenth in a list of his nineteen favourite Sherlock Holmes stories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Mycroft Holmes",
"paragraph_text": "Mycroft Holmes is a fictional character appearing in stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. He is the elder brother (by seven years) of detective Sherlock Holmes. He is described as having abilities of deduction and knowledge exceeding even those of his brother, though their practical use is limited by his poor physique and dislike of fieldwork.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jared Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jared Francis Harris (born 24 August 1961) is an English actor, best known for his roles as Lane Pryce in the television drama series Mad Men, David Robert Jones in the science fiction series Fringe, King George VI in the historical series The Crown, Anderson Dawes on the science fiction series The Expanse and captain Francis Crozier in the AMC series The Terror. He has also had significant supporting roles in films such as The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (2008), Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows (2011), Lincoln (2012), and Allied (2016).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Musgrave Ritual\" is a short story by Arthur Conan Doyle, featuring his fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. The story was originally published in \"Strand Magazine\" in 1893, and was collected later in \"The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes\". Unlike the majority of Holmes stories, the main narrator is not Doctor Watson, but Sherlock Holmes himself. With Watson providing an introduction, the story within a story is a classic example of a frame tale. It is one of the earliest recorded cases investigated by Holmes, and establishes his problem solving skills.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Adventure of the Speckled Band",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Speckled Band\" is one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. It is the eighth of the twelve stories collected in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". It is one of four Sherlock Holmes stories that can be classified as a locked room mystery. The story was first published in \"Strand Magazine\" in February 1892, with illustrations by Sidney Paget. It was published under the different title \"The Spotted Band\" in \"New York World\" in August 1905. Doyle later revealed that he thought this was his best Holmes story.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Hound of the Baskervilles",
"paragraph_text": "The Hound of the Baskervilles Cover of the first edition Author Arthur Conan Doyle Illustrator Sidney Paget Cover artist Alfred Garth Jones Country United Kingdom Language English Series Sherlock Holmes Genre Detective fiction Publisher George Newnes Publication date 1902 Preceded by The Final Problem (last story of The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes) Followed by The Return of Sherlock Holmes",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Fry's English Delight",
"paragraph_text": "Fry's English Delight is a BBC Radio 4 documentary series in which language enthusiast Stephen Fry explores various aspects of the English language.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Adventure of the Second Stain",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Second Stain\", one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is one of 13 stories in the cycle collected as \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\" and the only unrecorded case mentioned passively by Watson to be written.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Sherlock Holmes: The Devil's Daughter",
"paragraph_text": "On 8 May 2015, an eighth installment in the series was announced. Kerry Shale was originally expected to reprise his role as Sherlock. However, it was later confirmed by Frogwares that the game would focus on a different incarnation of Sherlock Holmes featuring Alex Jordan in the titular role.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle\" is one of 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the seventh story of twelve in the collection \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". It was first published in \"Strand Magazine\" in January 1892.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Adventure of Black Peter",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of Black Peter\" is a Sherlock Holmes story by Arthur Conan Doyle. This tale is in the collection \"The Return of Sherlock Holmes\", but was published originally in 1904 in the \"Strand Magazine\" and \"Collier's\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes",
"paragraph_text": "The Mandala of Sherlock Holmes (published in the United States as Sherlock Holmes: The Missing Years) is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche novel by Jamyang Norbu, originally published in India in 1999.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Engineer's Thumb\", one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, is the ninth of the twelve stories collected in \"The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes\". The story was first published in \"Strand Magazine\" in March 1892. Dr. Watson notes that this is one of only two cases which he personally brought to the attention of Sherlock Holmes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Adventure of the Abbas Ruby\" is a Sherlock Holmes mystery by Adrian Conan Doyle, the youngest son of Arthur Conan Doyle, the Sherlock Holmes creator. The story was published in the 1954 collection, \"The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Dr. Watson",
"paragraph_text": "John H. Watson, known as Dr Watson, is a fictional character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Watson is Sherlock Holmes' friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and the first person narrator of all but four of these stories. He is described as the typical Victorian-era gentleman, unlike the more eccentric Holmes. He is astute, although he can never match his friend's deductive skills.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows",
"paragraph_text": "Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows is a 2011 British - American period action mystery film directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. It is the sequel to the 2009 film Sherlock Holmes, and likewise features the Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson characters created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The film's screenplay was written by Michele Mulroney and Kieran Mulroney. Robert Downey Jr. and Jude Law reprise their roles as Holmes and Watson, and were joined by Noomi Rapace as Simza, Stephen Fry as Mycroft Holmes and Jared Harris as Professor Moriarty. The film follows an original premise incorporating elements of Conan Doyle's short stories ``The Final Problem ''and`` The Empty House''. In the film, Holmes and Watson travel across Europe with a Gypsy adventuress to foil an intricate plot by their cunning nemesis, Professor Moriarty, to instigate a war.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sherlock Gnomes",
"paragraph_text": "Johnny Depp as Sherlock Gnomes, Gnome Watson's friend and assistant, Irene's ex-boyfriend, Moriarty's arch - nemesis and a gnome counterpart to Sherlock Holmes.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the native language of the actor who played Sherlock Holmes' brother in Game of Shadows?
|
[
{
"id": 72224,
"question": "who played sherlock holmes brother in game of shadows",
"answer": "Stephen Fry",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
},
{
"id": 729624,
"question": "#1 >> languages spoken, written or signed",
"answer": "English language",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
English language
|
[
"en",
"English",
"eng"
] | true |
2hop__18125_66376
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wrigley Field",
"paragraph_text": "In late 1915, Weeghman's Federal League folded. The resourceful Weeghman formed a syndicate including the chewing gum manufacturer William Wrigley Jr. to buy the Chicago Cubs from Charles P. Taft for about $500,000. Weeghman immediately moved the Cubs from the dilapidated West Side Grounds to his two - year - old park.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as \"The Lovable Losers.\" The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the \"Curse of the Billy Goat\" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Detroit Lions",
"paragraph_text": "The Lions have won four NFL championships, tied for 9th overall in total championships amongst all 32 NFL franchises; however, their last was in 1957, which gives the club the second - longest NFL championship drought behind the Arizona Cardinals. They are one of four current teams and the only NFC team to have not yet played in the Super Bowl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Cleveland Indians",
"paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since , they have played at Progressive Field. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with 10 Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought among all 30 current Major League teams.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "Boston has teams in the four major North American professional sports leagues plus Major League Soccer, and has won 36 championships in these leagues, As of 2014[update]. It is one of six cities (along with Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, New York and Philadelphia) to have won championships in all four major sports. It has been suggested that Boston is the new \"TitleTown, USA\", as the city's professional sports teams have won nine championships since 2001: Patriots (2001, 2003, 2004, and 2014), Red Sox (2004, 2007, and 2013), Celtics (2008), and Bruins (2011). This love of sports has made Boston the United States Olympic Committee's choice to bid to hold the 2024 Summer Olympic Games, but the city cited financial concerns when it withdrew its bid on July 27, 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The curious location on Catalina Island stemmed from Cubs owner William Wrigley Jr.'s then-majority interest in the island in 1919. Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field. (The ballpark is long gone, but a clubhouse built by Wrigley to house the Cubs exists as the Catalina County Club.) However, by 1951 the team chose to leave Catalina Island and spring training was shifted to Mesa, Arizona. The Cubs' 30-year association with Catalina is chronicled in the book, The Cubs on Catalina, by Jim Vitti . . . which was named International 'Book of the Year' by The Sporting News.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Detroit",
"paragraph_text": "Detroit is one of 12 American metropolitan areas that are home to professional teams representing the four major sports in North America. All these teams but one play within the city of Detroit itself (the NBA's Detroit Pistons play in suburban Auburn Hills at The Palace of Auburn Hills). There are three active major sports venues within the city: Comerica Park (home of the Major League Baseball team Detroit Tigers), Ford Field (home of the NFL's Detroit Lions), and Joe Louis Arena (home of the NHL's Detroit Red Wings). A 1996 marketing campaign promoted the nickname \"Hockeytown\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "LeBron James",
"paragraph_text": "James played high school basketball at St. Vincent -- St. Mary High School in his hometown of Akron, Ohio, where he was highly promoted in the national media as a future NBA superstar. After graduating, he was selected by his home team, the Cleveland Cavaliers, as the first overall pick of the 2003 NBA draft. James led Cleveland to the franchise's first Finals appearance in 2007, ultimately losing to the San Antonio Spurs. In 2010, he left the Cavaliers for the Miami Heat in a highly publicized ESPN special titled The Decision. James spent four seasons with the Heat, reaching the Finals all four years and winning back - to - back championships in 2012 and 2013. In 2013, he led Miami on a 27 - game winning streak, the third longest in league history. Following his final season with the Heat in 2014, James opted out of his contract and returned to the Cavaliers. From 2015 to 2017, he led the Cavaliers to three consecutive Finals, winning his third championship in 2016 to end Cleveland's 52 - year professional sports title drought.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts",
"paragraph_text": "Among the current 31 NHL teams, 13 have never won the Stanley Cup, including one (the St. Louis Blues) that is among the five oldest expansion teams. Additionally, one of the Original Six franchises -- the Toronto Maple Leafs -- has a Stanley Cup drought that includes the entire expansion era (48 seasons and counting). With the Nashville Predators winning the Western Conference in 2017, there are only five franchises that have never reached the Stanley Cup Finals. Of those five, the oldest is the Arizona Coyotes (previously the Winnipeg Jets) (35 seasons), while the Maple Leafs and the Blues have even longer droughts (48 and 45 seasons, respectively). The longest Stanley Cup championship drought in history was that of the New York Rangers, broken in 1994 after 53 seasons. The Toronto Maple Leafs have the current longest active Stanley Cup championship drought (and second - longest) at 49 seasons and counting. The Chicago Blackhawks had the third - longest ever Stanley Cup championship drought at 47 seasons, which was broken in 2010. The end of that drought was the first of three consecutive years in which one of the eleven longest such droughts was broken (Chicago Blackhawks in 2010, Boston Bruins in 2011, and Los Angeles Kings in 2012).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Green Bay Packers",
"paragraph_text": "The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the league's National Football Conference (NFC) North division. It is the third - oldest franchise in the NFL, dating back to 1919, and is the only non-profit, community - owned major league professional sports team based in the United States. Home games have been played at Lambeau Field since 1957.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs are an American professional baseball team located on the North Side of Chicago, Illinois. The Cubs compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a members of the National League (NL) Central division; the team plays its home baseball games at Wrigley Field. The Cubs are also one of two active major league teams based in Chicago; the other is the Chicago White Sox, who are a member of the American League (AL) Central division. The team is currently owned by Thomas S. Ricketts, son of TD Ameritrade founder Joe Ricketts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Cleveland Indians",
"paragraph_text": "The Cleveland Indians are an American professional baseball team based in Cleveland, Ohio. The Indians compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) Central division. Since 1994, they have played at Progressive Field and are the defending American League champions. The team's spring training facility is at Goodyear Ballpark in Goodyear, Arizona. Since their establishment as a major league franchise in 1901, the Indians have won two World Series championships: in 1920 and 1948, along with eight Central Division titles and six American League pennants. The Indians' current World Series championship drought is the longest active drought, and through 2016 is the fifth - longest in baseball history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the \"Lovable Losers\" because of this distinction. They are also known as \"The North Siders\" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "All-American Girls Professional Baseball League",
"paragraph_text": "The All - American Girls Professional Baseball League was a women's professional baseball league founded by Philip K. Wrigley which existed from 1943 to 1954. Over 600 women played in the league. In 1948, league attendance peaked over 900,000 spectators in attendance. The Rockford Peaches won a league - best four championships while playing in the AAGPBL. For most of the league's history, manager Bill Allington coached different teams and led the league in career wins as a manager. The 1992 motion picture A League of Their Own tells a fictionalized account of the Rockford Peaches.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of NFL franchise post-season streaks",
"paragraph_text": "The New England Patriots hold the longest active consecutive playoff streak with 9 appearances, starting with the 2009 -- 10 NFL playoffs, which is tied for the longest of all - time. The Patriots have won two Super Bowls during this streak. The Dallas Cowboys also hold this record with nine appearances from 1975 - 1983. The Cowboys won one NFL championship during the streak. The Indianapolis Colts tied this record with nine straight appearances and one championship from 2002 - 2010. The Green Bay Packers hold the longest consecutive NFL title streak with three consecutive crowns. They did this once in the 1920s, before playoff games, and once in the 1960s, by winning seven playoff games during this three year championship streak.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Gary Woodland",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Woodland (born May 21, 1984) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. Following a successful college career, he turned pro in 2007 and briefly competed on the Nationwide Tour. Woodland has competed on the PGA Tour since 2009 and has four wins; he is known as one of the longest hitters on tour. Woodland won the U.S. Open in 2019, his first major championship and sixth professional victory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "List of NHL franchise post-season droughts",
"paragraph_text": "Among the current 31 NHL teams, 12 have never won the Stanley Cup, including one (the St. Louis Blues) that is among the five oldest expansion teams. Additionally, one of the Original Six franchises -- the Toronto Maple Leafs -- has a Stanley Cup drought that includes the entire expansion era (50 seasons and counting). With the Vegas Golden Knights winning the Western Conference in 2018, there are only four franchises that have never reached the Stanley Cup Finals. Of those four, the oldest is the Arizona Coyotes (previously the Winnipeg Jets) (35 seasons), while the Maple Leafs and the Blues have even longer droughts (50 and 47 seasons, respectively). The longest Stanley Cup championship drought in history was that of the New York Rangers, broken in 1994 after 53 seasons. The Maple Leafs have the current longest active Stanley Cup championship drought (and second - longest) at 50 seasons and counting. The Chicago Blackhawks had the third - longest ever Stanley Cup championship drought at 47 seasons, which was broken in 2010. The end of that drought was the first of three consecutive years in which one of the eleven longest such droughts was broken (Chicago Blackhawks in 2010, Boston Bruins in 2011, and Los Angeles Kings in 2012).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "1967 Stanley Cup Finals",
"paragraph_text": "The 1967 Stanley Cup Finals was a best - of - seven series played between the Montreal Canadiens and the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs ended up winning the series, four games to two. In doing this, they won their thirteenth Stanley Cup. To date, this is Toronto's most recent Stanley Cup championship, most recent appearance in the championship final, and is tied for the longest - active championship drought in the NHL with the St. Louis Blues (who have never won since joining the NHL in 1967) at 49 (not including 2004 -- 05 lockout) seasons. The 1967 Stanley Cup Final was also the last Stanley Cup Final in the Original Six Era.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Arena Football League",
"paragraph_text": "The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football in the United States. It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster, making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America, after the Canadian Football League and the National Football League. It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game. The sport was invented in the early 1980s and patented by Foster, a former executive of the United States Football League and the National Football League.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "In 1902, Spalding, who by this time had revamped the roster to boast what would soon be one of the best teams of the early century, sold the club to Jim Hart. The franchise was nicknamed the Cubs by the Chicago Daily News in 1902, although not officially becoming the Chicago Cubs until the 1907 season. During this period, which has become known as baseball's dead-ball era, Cub infielders Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and Frank Chance were made famous as a double-play combination by Franklin P. Adams' poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon. The poem first appeared in the July 18, 1910 edition of the New York Evening Mail. Mordecai \"Three-Finger\" Brown, Jack Taylor, Ed Reulbach, Jack Pfiester, and Orval Overall were several key pitchers for the Cubs during this time period. With Chance acting as player-manager from 1905 to 1912, the Cubs won four pennants and two World Series titles over a five-year span. Although they fell to the \"Hitless Wonders\" White Sox in the 1906 World Series, the Cubs recorded a record 116 victories and the best winning percentage (.763) in Major League history. With mostly the same roster, Chicago won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League club to play three times in the Fall Classic and the first to win it twice. However, the Cubs have not won a World Series since; this remains the longest championship drought in North American professional sports.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
where did the team that holds the longest championship drought in North American professional sports play before Wrigley Field?
|
[
{
"id": 18125,
"question": "Who holds the longest championship drought in North American professional sports?",
"answer": "the Cubs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 66376,
"question": "where did the #1 play before wrigley field",
"answer": "West Side Grounds",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
West Side Grounds
|
[] | true |
2hop__54755_729624
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Languages of Brazil",
"paragraph_text": "Portuguese is the official language of Brazil, and is widely spoken by most of population. Brazilian Sign Language is also an official language. Minority languages include indigenous languages and languages of more recent European and Asian immigrants. The population speaks or signs approximately 210 languages, of which 180 are indigenous. Less than forty thousand people actually speak any one of the indigenous languages in the Brazilian territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Hear My Song",
"paragraph_text": "Hear My Song is a 1991 drama film written by the actors Peter Chelsom (who also directed) and Adrian Dunbar (who plays the lead) based on the story of Irish tenor Josef Locke. It was nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the 1993 BAFTA awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Languages of Mexico",
"paragraph_text": "Many different languages are spoken in Mexico. The indigenous languages are from eleven distinct language families, including four isolates and one that immigrated from the United States. The Mexican government recognizes 68 national languages, 63 of which are indigenous, including around 350 dialects of those languages. The large majority of the population is monolingual in Spanish. Some immigrant and indigenous populations are bilingual, while some indigenous people are monolingual in their languages. Mexican Sign Language is spoken by much of the deaf population, and there are one or two indigenous sign languages as well.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Fry's English Delight",
"paragraph_text": "Fry's English Delight is a BBC Radio 4 documentary series in which language enthusiast Stephen Fry explores various aspects of the English language.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "My Favorite Year",
"paragraph_text": "My Favorite Year is a 1982 American comedy film released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, directed by Richard Benjamin and written by Norman Steinberg and Dennis Palumbo, which tells the story of a young comedy writer. It stars Peter O'Toole, Mark Linn-Baker, Jessica Harper, and Joseph Bologna. O'Toole was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor. The film was adapted into an unsuccessful 1992 Broadway musical of the same name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Shallow Hal",
"paragraph_text": "Shallow Hal Theatrical film poster Directed by Peter Farrelly Robert Farrelly Produced by Peter Farrelly Robert Farrelly Charles B. Wessler Bradley Thomas Written by Peter Farrelly Robert Farrelly Sean Moynihan Starring Jack Black Gwyneth Paltrow Jason Alexander Bruce McGill Tony Robbins Music by William Goodrum Ivy Cinematography Russell Carpenter Edited by Christopher Greenbury Production company Conundrum Entertainment Distributed by 20th Century Fox Release date November 9, 2001 (2001 - 11 - 09) Running time 113 minutes Country United States Language English Budget $40 million Box office $141.1 million",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "In Pursuit",
"paragraph_text": "In Pursuit is a direct-to-video 2001 American film directed by Peter Pistor and written by John Penney, based on a story by Pistor. The film was shot in Encino, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Bending All the Rules",
"paragraph_text": "Bending All the Rules is a 2002 American romance film written and directed by Morgan Klein and Peter Knight, and starring Bradley Cooper.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Peter's Friends",
"paragraph_text": "The film follows six friends, members of an acting troupe who graduated from Cambridge University in 1982 and went their separate ways. Ten years later, Peter (Stephen Fry) inherits a large estate from his father, and invites the rest of the gang to spend New Year's holiday with him. Many changes have taken place in all of their lives, but Peter has a secret that will shock them all.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Pan (2015 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Newborn Peter (Levi Miller) is left by his mother Mary (Amanda Seyfried) on the steps of an orphanage in London, an establishment under the care of Mother Barnabas (Kathy Burke). Several years later, during World War II, upon learning that Mother Barnabas is hoarding food for herself, Peter and his best friend Nibs (Lewis MacDougall) try to steal it to distribute among themselves and the other orphans but they are caught. In the process, Peter finds a letter written by his mother, declaring her love and assuring Peter they will meet again ``in this world or another ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater",
"paragraph_text": "\"Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater\" is an English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 13497.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Delirium (1979 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Delirium (also known as Psycho Puppet) is a 1979 American thriller film, directed by Peter Maris and written by Maris and Richard Yalem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Peter Pan (2003 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Pan is a 2003 American - British - Australian fantasy adventure film released by Universal Pictures, Columbia Pictures, and Revolution Studios. It was the first authorized and faithful film or television adaptation of J.M. Barrie's play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would n't Grow Up in half a century, after Disney's version in 1953. P.J. Hogan directed a screenplay co-written with Michael Goldenberg which is based on the play and novel by J.M. Barrie. Jason Isaacs plays the dual roles of Captain Hook and George Darling, Olivia Williams plays Mrs. Darling, while Jeremy Sumpter plays Peter Pan, Rachel Hurd - Wood plays Wendy Darling, and Ludivine Sagnier plays Tinker Bell. Lynn Redgrave plays a supporting role as Aunt Millicent, a new character created for the film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "All City Affairs",
"paragraph_text": "All City Affairs is a Chicago-based indie pop/rock band, currently signed to Lujo Records. The band primarily consists of Peter Andreadis who also plays drums in Baby Teeth.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Murder in My Mind",
"paragraph_text": "Murder in My Mind is a 1997 science fiction crime drama film starring Nicollette Sheridan, Stacy Keach, Peter Outerbridge, Peter Coyote, Ian Tracey and Peter Flemming. It was directed by Robert Iscove and written by Tom Swale.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Give 'em Hell, Harry!",
"paragraph_text": "Give 'em Hell, Harry! is a biographical play and 1975 film, written by playwright Samuel Gallu. Both the play and film are a one-man show about former President of the United States Harry S. Truman. \"Give 'em Hell, Harry!\" stars James Whitmore, and was directed by Steve Binder and Peter H. Hunt.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Truly Human",
"paragraph_text": "Truly Human (), certified as \"Dogme #18\", is a 2001 Danish drama film written and directed by Åke Sandgren, and starring Nikolaj Lie Kaas, Peter Mygind, and . Produced by Lars von Trier's and Peter Aalbæk Jensen's company Zentropa, the film was created following the Dogme 95 rules, and is experimental in style and narrative.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater",
"paragraph_text": "``Peter Peter Pumpkin Eater ''is an English language nursery rhyme. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 13497.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Targets",
"paragraph_text": "Targets is a 1968 American neo-noir thriller, written and directed by Peter Bogdanovich and filmed in color by László Kovács.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "I Love You, Man",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Klaven (Paul Rudd), a Los Angeles real estate agent, proposes to his girlfriend Zooey Rice (Rashida Jones), and she accepts. Peter seems to not have any close friends to share the good news with, only family and mainly female acquaintances. After overhearing Zooey's friends voicing their concerns over his lack of close male friends, Peter decides that he needs to find male friends in order to have a best man for the upcoming wedding.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what language does the actor who portrayed peter in "peters friends" work?
|
[
{
"id": 54755,
"question": "who played peter in the 1992 film peters friends",
"answer": "Stephen Fry",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 729624,
"question": "#1 >> languages spoken, written or signed",
"answer": "English language",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
English language
|
[
"en",
"English",
"eng"
] | true |
2hop__41221_35376
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Philadelphia",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2010[update], 79.12% (1,112,441) of Philadelphia residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 9.72% (136,688) spoke Spanish, 1.64% (23,075) Chinese, 0.89% (12,499) Vietnamese, 0.77% (10,885) Russian, 0.66% (9,240) French, 0.61% (8,639) other Asian languages, 0.58% (8,217) African languages, 0.56% (7,933) Cambodian (Mon-Khmer), and Italian was spoken as a main language by 0.55% (7,773) of the population over the age of five. In total, 20.88% (293,544) of Philadelphia's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Boston Massacre",
"paragraph_text": "The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was an incident on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers shot and killed people while under attack by a mob. The incident was heavily publicized by leading Patriots, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams, to encourage rebellion against the British authorities. British troops had been stationed in Boston, capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, since 1768 in order to protect and support crown - appointed colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Amid ongoing tense relations between the population and the soldiers, a mob formed around a British sentry, who was subjected to verbal abuse and harassment. He was eventually supported by eight additional soldiers, who were subjected to verbal threats and repeatedly hit by clubs, stones and snowballs. They fired into the crowd, without orders, instantly killing three people and wounding others. Two more people died later of wounds sustained in the incident.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Irish language",
"paragraph_text": "Irish (Gaeilge), also referred to as Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (Gaelic) of the Indo - European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is spoken as a first language by a small minority of Irish people, and as a second language by a larger group of non-native speakers. Irish enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland, and is an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland. It is also among the official languages of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island of Ireland. Irish was the predominant language of the Irish people for most of their recorded history, and they brought it with them to other regions, notably Scotland and the Isle of Man, where Middle Irish gave rise to Scottish Gaelic and Manx respectively. It has the oldest vernacular literature in Western Europe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jean-Jacques Pauvert",
"paragraph_text": "Pauvert was born in Paris. In addition to his other publications, he published the first French edition of the \"Civil disobedience\" of Henry David Thoreau in 1968. He died, aged 88, in Toulon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "British Catholic History",
"paragraph_text": "British Catholic History is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Catholic Record Society. The journal covers the study of Catholic history in the British Isles. The editor-in-chief is Katy Gibbons (University of Portsmouth).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Bermuda",
"paragraph_text": "Executive authority in Bermuda is vested in the monarch and is exercised on her behalf by the Governor. The governor is appointed by the Queen on the advice of the British Government. The current governor is George Fergusson; he was sworn in on 23 May 2012. There is also a Deputy Governor (currently David Arkley JP). Defence and foreign affairs are carried out by the United Kingdom, which also retains responsibility to ensure good government. It must approve any changes to the Constitution of Bermuda. Bermuda is classified as a British Overseas Territory, but it is the oldest British colony. In 1620, a Royal Assent granted Bermuda limited self-governance; its Parliament is the fifth oldest in the world, behind the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the Tynwald of the Isle of Man, the Althing of Iceland, and Sejm of Poland. Of these, only Bermuda's and the Isle of Man's Tynwald have been in continuous existence since 1620.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "British Isles",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest known use of the phrase Brytish Iles in the English language is dated 1577 in a work by John Dee. Today, this name is seen by some as carrying imperialist overtones although it is still commonly used. Other names used to describe the islands include the Anglo-Celtic Isles, Atlantic archipelago, British-Irish Isles, Britain and Ireland, UK and Ireland, and British Isles and Ireland. Owing to political and national associations with the word British, the Government of Ireland does not use the term British Isles and in documents drawn up jointly between the British and Irish governments, the archipelago is referred to simply as \"these islands\". Nonetheless, British Isles is still the most widely accepted term for the archipelago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "PERF 558",
"paragraph_text": "PERF 558 is the oldest surviving Arabic papyrus, found in Heracleopolis in Egypt, and is also the oldest dated Arabic text using the Islamic era. It is a bilingual Arabic-Greek fragment, consisting of a tax receipt, or as it puts it \"Document concerning the delivery of sheep to the Magarites and other people who arrived, as a down-payment of the taxes of the first indiction.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The English Historical Review",
"paragraph_text": "The English Historical Review is a peer-reviewed academic journal that was established in 1886 and published by Oxford University Press (formerly Longman). It publishes articles on all aspects of history – British, European, and world history – since the classical era. It is the oldest surviving English language academic journal in the discipline of history.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "British Isles",
"paragraph_text": "At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the northern frontier of their empire in 122 AD. At that time, Ireland was populated by a people known as Hiberni, the northern third or so of Great Britain by a people known as Picts and the southern two thirds by Britons.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Floyd Matthews",
"paragraph_text": "Floyd Huston \"Skipper\" Matthews (February 3, 1903 – February 24, 2008) was, at age 105, an American veteran of the United States Navy, in which he served for thirty years. Matthews was the oldest living United States military veteran in Alabama as well as the oldest living submariner at the time of his death at the age of 105. He was also one of the oldest surviving World War II veterans and one of the few surviving World War I era veterans, according to the Alabama Department of Veterans Affairs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Merstone Manor",
"paragraph_text": "Merston Manor (previously: Merestone) is a manor house in Merstone on the Isle of Wight, England. The manor was first mentioned in the Domesday Book. Prior to the Norman Conquest, Merston Manor was owned by the Brictuin family. The present home, built in 1605 in the Jacobean style by Edward Cheeke, was rebuilt in the Victorian era. This structure may be the oldest brick house on the Island. The manor now belongs to the Crofts family.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Sumer",
"paragraph_text": "The Sumerians were a non-Semitic caucasoid people, and spoke a language isolate; a number of linguists believed they could detect a substrate language beneath Sumerian, because names of some of Sumer's major cities are not Sumerian, revealing influences of earlier inhabitants. However, the archaeological record shows clear uninterrupted cultural continuity from the time of the early Ubaid period (5300 – 4700 BC C-14) settlements in southern Mesopotamia. The Sumerian people who settled here farmed the lands in this region that were made fertile by silt deposited by the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which language is spoken by the people that lived in the British Isles during the regime under which the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience occurred?
|
[
{
"id": 41221,
"question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 35376,
"question": "The people that lived in the British Isles during the #1 era spoke which language?",
"answer": "Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group
|
[] | true |
2hop__41219_35376
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "British Isles",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest known use of the phrase Brytish Iles in the English language is dated 1577 in a work by John Dee. Today, this name is seen by some as carrying imperialist overtones although it is still commonly used. Other names used to describe the islands include the Anglo-Celtic Isles, Atlantic archipelago, British-Irish Isles, Britain and Ireland, UK and Ireland, and British Isles and Ireland. Owing to political and national associations with the word British, the Government of Ireland does not use the term British Isles and in documents drawn up jointly between the British and Irish governments, the archipelago is referred to simply as \"these islands\". Nonetheless, British Isles is still the most widely accepted term for the archipelago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Salt March",
"paragraph_text": "The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March and the Dandi Satyagraha, was an act of nonviolent civil disobedience in colonial India led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi to produce salt from the seawater in the coastal village of Dandi (now in Gujarat), as was the practice of the local populace until British officials introduced taxation on salt production, deemed their sea - salt reclamation activities illegal, and then repeatedly used force to stop it. The 26 - day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 6 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience Movement. Mahatma Gandhi started this march with 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march was over 240 miles. They walked for 24 days 10 miles a day.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "In cases where the criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI's broadcasting the track \"Filthy Words\" from a George Carlin comedy album, which eventually led to the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example, Joseph Haas was arrested for allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Generall Historie of Virginia, New-England, and the Summer Isles",
"paragraph_text": "The Generall Historie of Virginia, New - England, and the Summer Isles is a book written by Captain John Smith, first published in 1624. The book is one of the earliest, if not the earliest, histories of the territory administered by the Virginia Company of London.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Irish language",
"paragraph_text": "Irish (Gaeilge), also referred to as Gaelic or Irish Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (Gaelic) of the Indo - European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people. Irish is spoken as a first language by a small minority of Irish people, and as a second language by a larger group of non-native speakers. Irish enjoys constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland, and is an officially recognised minority language in Northern Ireland. It is also among the official languages of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for the promotion of the language throughout the island of Ireland. Irish was the predominant language of the Irish people for most of their recorded history, and they brought it with them to other regions, notably Scotland and the Isle of Man, where Middle Irish gave rise to Scottish Gaelic and Manx respectively. It has the oldest vernacular literature in Western Europe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Armenians",
"paragraph_text": "Historically, the name Armenian has come to internationally designate this group of people. It was first used by neighbouring countries of ancient Armenia. The earliest attestations of the exonym Armenia date around the 6th century BC. In his trilingual Behistun Inscription dated to 517 BC, Darius I the Great of Persia refers to Urashtu (in Babylonian) as Armina (in Old Persian; Armina ( ) and Harminuya (in Elamite). In Greek, Αρμένιοι \"Armenians\" is attested from about the same time, perhaps the earliest reference being a fragment attributed to Hecataeus of Miletus (476 BC). Xenophon, a Greek general serving in some of the Persian expeditions, describes many aspects of Armenian village life and hospitality in around 401 BC. He relates that the people spoke a language that to his ear sounded like the language of the Persians.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "British Isles",
"paragraph_text": "At the time of the Roman Empire, about two thousand years ago, various tribes, which spoke Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group, were inhabiting the islands. The Romans expanded their civilisation to control southern Great Britain but were impeded in advancing any further, building Hadrian's Wall to mark the northern frontier of their empire in 122 AD. At that time, Ireland was populated by a people known as Hiberni, the northern third or so of Great Britain by a people known as Picts and the southern two thirds by Britons.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Philadelphia",
"paragraph_text": "As of 2010[update], 79.12% (1,112,441) of Philadelphia residents age 5 and older spoke English at home as a primary language, while 9.72% (136,688) spoke Spanish, 1.64% (23,075) Chinese, 0.89% (12,499) Vietnamese, 0.77% (10,885) Russian, 0.66% (9,240) French, 0.61% (8,639) other Asian languages, 0.58% (8,217) African languages, 0.56% (7,933) Cambodian (Mon-Khmer), and Italian was spoken as a main language by 0.55% (7,773) of the population over the age of five. In total, 20.88% (293,544) of Philadelphia's population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Tilia × europaea",
"paragraph_text": "Tilia\" × \"europaea, generally known as the common lime (British Isles) or common linden, is a naturally occurring hybrid between \"Tilia cordata\" (small-leaved lime) and \"Tilia platyphyllos\" (large-leaved lime). It occurs in the wild in Europe at scattered localities wherever the two parent species are both native. It is not closely related to the lime fruit tree, a species of citrus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Aspirated consonant",
"paragraph_text": "Preaspirated stops also occur in most Sami languages; for example, in North Sami, the unvoiced stop and affricate phonemes /p/, /t/, /ts/, /tʃ/, /k/ are pronounced preaspirated ([ʰp], [ʰt] [ʰts], [ʰtʃ], [ʰk]) when they occur in medial or final position.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "History of San Francisco",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest evidence of human habitation in what is now the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Native Americans who settled in this region found the bay to be a resource for hunting and gathering, leading to the establishment of many small villages. Collectively, these early Native Americans are now known as the Ohlone, and the language they spoke belonged to the Miwok family. Their trade patterns included places as far away as Baja California, the Mojave Desert and Yosemite.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Acjachemen",
"paragraph_text": "The Juaneño or Acjachemen are an indigenous people of California. They traditionally lived along the coast in what is now Orange and San Diego counties. The name ``Juaneño ''derives from the Spanish Mission San Juan Capistrano, founded to colonize the area in 1776. They traditionally spoke the Juaneño language, a variety closely related to the Luiseño language of the nearby Luiseño people, but this is extinct. In the 20th century, they organized as the Juaneño Band of Mission Indians, Acjachemen Nation, which is recognized by the State of California, but is not federally recognized.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
The people that lived in the British Isles under the regime during which the earliest examples of civil disobedience a whole occurred spoke which language?
|
[
{
"id": 41219,
"question": "When did the earliest examples of civil disobedience as a whole occur?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 35376,
"question": "The people that lived in the British Isles during the #1 era spoke which language?",
"answer": "Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
}
] |
Celtic dialects of the Insular Celtic group
|
[] | true |
2hop__41221_22303
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Tremont Street subway",
"paragraph_text": "The Tremont Street Subway in Boston's MBTA Subway system is the oldest subway tunnel in North America and the third oldest worldwide to exclusively use electric traction (after the City and South London Railway in 1890, and the Budapest Metro's Line 1 in 1896), opening on September 1, 1897. It was originally built to get streetcar lines off the traffic - clogged streets, instead of as a true rapid transit line. It now forms the central part of the Green Line, connecting Boylston Street to Park Street and Government Center stations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cowesby",
"paragraph_text": "Cowesby is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. It is on the border of the North York Moors and near the A19, about 4 miles north of Thirsk. The population of the civil parish was estimated at 70 in 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Switzerland",
"paragraph_text": "In about 260 AD, the fall of the Agri Decumates territory north of the Rhine transformed today's Switzerland into a frontier land of the Empire. Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica. The Empire built another line of defense at the north border (the so-called Donau-Iller-Rhine-Limes), but at the end of the fourth century the increased Germanic pressure forced the Romans to abandon the linear defence concept, and the Swiss plateau was finally open to the settlement of German tribes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jean-Jacques Pauvert",
"paragraph_text": "Pauvert was born in Paris. In addition to his other publications, he published the first French edition of the \"Civil disobedience\" of Henry David Thoreau in 1968. He died, aged 88, in Toulon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "\"Southern California\" is not a formal geographic designation, and definitions of what constitutes southern California vary. Geographically, California's north-south midway point lies at exactly 37° 9' 58.23\" latitude, around 11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose; however, this does not coincide with popular use of the term. When the state is divided into two areas (northern and southern California), the term \"southern California\" usually refers to the ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines at 35° 47′ 28″ north latitude, which form the northern borders of San Luis Obispo, Kern, and San Bernardino counties. Another definition for southern California uses Point Conception and the Tehachapi Mountains as the northern boundary.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Old Meigs County Courthouse",
"paragraph_text": "The Old Meigs County Courthouse is a historic former government building in the small community of Chester, Ohio, United States. Erected in the early nineteenth century, the courthouse served multiple purposes for the surrounding community in its early years, but it operated as a courthouse for less than twenty years before being abandoned in favor of another courthouse in another community. Following a restoration in the 1950s, it was designated a historic site in the 1970s along with an adjacent school; the two buildings are operated together as a museum. It is Ohio's oldest extant building constructed as a courthouse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Transocean Air Lines",
"paragraph_text": "Transocean Air Lines was an Oakland, California-based airline that operated from 1946 until 1960. The Transocean name was also used in 1989 by another US-based air carrier, TransOcean Airways, which previously operated as Gulf Air Transport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Minuteman Civil Defense Corps",
"paragraph_text": "The Minuteman Civil Defense Corps is a volunteer group headed by Chris Simcox and dedicated to preventing illegal crossings of the United States border. Arguing that the government is insufficiently concerned with securing the U.S. border, they have organized several state chapters, with the intention of providing law enforcement agencies with evidence of immigration law violations. Simcox states that the group merely reports incidents to law enforcement, and does not directly confront immigrants. There is a standard operating procedure (SOP) that must be followed by Minutemen volunteers. Rules include not speaking to, approaching, gesturing towards or having physical contact in any way with any suspected border crossers they may see. The organization has been criticized as being a right-wing militia. The MCDC is often confused with or thought to be affiliated with The Minuteman Project Inc., but the two groups are wholly distinct. The group was originally co-founded by American neo-Nazi, J. T. Ready.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Civil rights movement",
"paragraph_text": "The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations and productive dialogues between activists and government authorities. Federal, state, and local governments, businesses, and communities often had to respond immediately to these situations, which highlighted the inequities faced by African Americans. The lynching of Emmett Till and the visceral response to his mother's decision to have an open - casket funeral mobilized the African - American community nationwide. Forms of protest and / or civil disobedience included boycotts such as the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 -- 56) in Alabama; ``sit - ins ''such as the influential Greensboro sit - ins (1960) in North Carolina and successful Nashville sit - ins in Tennessee; marches, such as the Birmingham Children's Crusade and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama; and a wide range of other nonviolent activities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Lawler's Tavern",
"paragraph_text": "Lawler's Tavern is a historic commercial building in the village of Mechanicsburg, Ohio, United States. Built in 1830, it is one of the oldest buildings in the community, and it has been named a historic site.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Old Salem County Courthouse",
"paragraph_text": "Built in 1735, this building is the oldest active courthouse in New Jersey and is the second oldest courthouse still in continuous use in the United States. It was expanded in 1818 and 1908.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of HAER documentation of Defense Depot Ogden",
"paragraph_text": "The following is a listing of the documentation available for the former Defense Depot Ogden, Utah, through the public-domain Historic American Engineering Record (HAER). These records document the historical purposes, architectural features, and structure composition of the buildings of the military base, along with many images of individual buildings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Self-defense (United States)",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, self-defense is an affirmative defense that is used to justify the use of force by one person against another person under specific circumstances.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Williams & Guion Black Star Line",
"paragraph_text": "The Black Star Line was the name used by American sailing packets owned by the New York firm of Williams and Guion from 1848 to 1866. The line owned 18 ships on the Liverpool-Queenstown-New York route. The line was shut down in 1863 because of the success of newer, faster liners and the danger of transatlantic travel during the American Civil War.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Courts have distinguished between two types of civil disobedience: \"Indirect civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not, itself, the object of protest, whereas direct civil disobedience involves protesting the existence of a particular law by breaking that law.\" During the Vietnam War, courts typically refused to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment on the basis of their challenging the legality of the Vietnam War; the courts ruled it was a political question. The necessity defense has sometimes been used as a shadow defense by civil disobedients to deny guilt without denouncing their politically motivated acts, and to present their political beliefs in the courtroom. However, court cases such as U.S. v. Schoon have greatly curtailed the availability of the political necessity defense. Likewise, when Carter Wentworth was charged for his role in the Clamshell Alliance's 1977 illegal occupation of the Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, the judge instructed the jury to disregard his competing harms defense, and he was found guilty. Fully Informed Jury Association activists have sometimes handed out educational leaflets inside courthouses despite admonitions not to; according to FIJA, many of them have escaped prosecution because \"prosecutors have reasoned (correctly) that if they arrest fully informed jury leafleters, the leaflets will have to be given to the leafleter's own jury as evidence.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
What concept did the empire which recorded the oldest record of civil disobedience use when building a northern border defense?
|
[
{
"id": 41221,
"question": "When is the oldest recorded incident of civil disobedience?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 22303,
"question": "What was the name of the concept used by #1 when building another line of defense at the north border?",
"answer": "the linear defence concept",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
}
] |
the linear defence concept
|
[] | true |
2hop__52445_18135
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8 -- 7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3 - 1 deficit to win a best - of - seven World Series, following the 1925 Pittsburgh Pirates, the 1958 New York Yankees, the 1968 Detroit Tigers, the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates, and the 1985 Kansas City Royals.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "\"Baseball's Sad Lexicon,\" also known as \"Tinker to Evers to Chance\" after its refrain, is a 1910 baseball poem by Franklin Pierce Adams. The poem is presented as a single, rueful stanza from the point of view of a New York Giants fan seeing the talented Chicago Cubs infield of shortstop Joe Tinker, second baseman Johnny Evers, and first baseman Frank Chance complete a double play. The trio began playing together with the Cubs in 1902, and formed a double play combination that lasted through April 1912. The Cubs won the pennant four times between 1906 and 1910, often defeating the Giants en route to the World Series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs have appeared in a total of eleven World Series. The 1906 Cubs won 116 games, finishing 116 -- 36 and posting a modern - era record winning percentage of. 763, before losing the World Series to the Chicago White Sox (``The Hitless Wonders '') by four games to two. The Cubs won back - to - back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first major league team to play in three consecutive World Series, and the first to win it twice. Most recently, the Cubs won the 2016 National League Championship Series and 2016 World Series, which ended a 71 - year National League pennant drought and a 108 - year World Series championship drought, both of which are record droughts in Major League Baseball. The 108 - year drought was also the longest such occurrence in all major North American sports. Since the start of divisional play in 1969, the Cubs have appeared in the postseason eight times through the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Union Association",
"paragraph_text": "The Union Association was a league in Major League Baseball which lasted for only one season in 1884. St. Louis won the pennant and joined the National League the following season. Chicago moved to Pittsburgh in late August, and four teams folded during the season and were replaced.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "2018 Major League Baseball season",
"paragraph_text": "2018 MLB season League Major League Baseball Sport Baseball Duration March 29 -- October 31, 2018 Number of games 162 Number of teams 30 Regular season League Postseason World Series MLB seasons ← 2017 2019 →",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Major League Baseball schedule",
"paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season typically runs from early April to late September, followed by the postseason in October. The season begins with the official Opening Day and runs 26 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games in the League Championship Series / World Series).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 2. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "La Liga",
"paragraph_text": "The competition format follows the usual double round - robin format. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for 38 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the highest - ranked club at the end of the season crowned champion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "2016–17 World Rugby Sevens Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 -- 17 World Rugby Sevens Series, known for sponsorship reasons as the HSBC World Rugby Sevens Series, was the 18th annual series of rugby sevens tournaments for national rugby sevens teams. The Sevens Series has been run by World Rugby since 1999 -- 2000. South Africa won the Series with a comfortable 28 - point margin over England; South Africa won five of the ten tournaments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "1952 Campeonato Profesional",
"paragraph_text": "The 1952 Campeonato Profesional was the fifth season of Colombia's top-flight football league. 15 teams compete against one another and played each weekend. The tournament was notable for being the fourth year of El Dorado. Millonarios won the league for 3rd time in its history after getting 46 points.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Roger Federer",
"paragraph_text": "In 2003, Federer won his first Grand Slam singles title at Wimbledon, beating Mark Philippoussis in the final. Federer won his first and only doubles Masters Series 1000 event in Miami with Max Mirnyi and made it to one singles Masters Series 1000 event in Rome on clay, which he lost. Federer made it to nine finals on the ATP Tour and won seven of them, including the 500 series events at Dubai and Vienna. Lastly, Federer won the year - end championships over Andre Agassi, finishing the year as world # 2, narrowly behind Andy Roddick by only 160 points.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Mariano Rivera",
"paragraph_text": "Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a Panamanian-American former professional baseball pitcher who played 19 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Yankees, from 1995 to 2013. Nicknamed \"Mo\" and \"Sandman\", he spent most of his career as a relief pitcher and served as the Yankees' closer for 17 seasons. A thirteen-time All-Star and five-time World Series champion, he is MLB's career leader in saves (652) and games finished (952). Rivera won five American League (AL) Rolaids Relief Man Awards and three Delivery Man of the Year Awards, and he finished in the top three in voting for the AL Cy Young Award four times. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame as part of its class of 2019 in his first year of eligibility, and was the first player ever to be elected unanimously by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "2015 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the World Series after losing in the previous year. It was the first World Series to feature only expansion teams and the first since the 2007 World Series to not feature the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, or San Francisco Giants as the NL champions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "Following the '69 season, the club posted winning records for the next few seasons, but no playoff action. After the core players of those teams started to move on, the 70s got worse for the team, and they became known as \"The Loveable Losers.\" In 1977, the team found some life, but ultimately experienced one of its biggest collapses. The Cubs hit a high-water mark on June 28 at 47–22, boasting an 8 1⁄2 game NL East lead, as they were led by Bobby Murcer (27 Hr/89 RBI), and Rick Reuschel (20–10). However, the Philadelphia Phillies cut the lead to two by the All-star break, as the Cubs sat 19 games over .500, but they swooned late in the season, going 20–40 after July 31. The Cubs finished in 4th place at 81–81, while Philadelphia surged, finishing with 101 wins. The following two seasons also saw the Cubs get off to a fast start, as the team rallied to over 10 games above .500 well into both seasons, only to again wear down and play poorly later on, and ultimately settling back to mediocrity. This trait became known as the \"June Swoon.\" Again, the Cubs' unusually high number of day games is often pointed to as one reason for the team's inconsistent late season play.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Major League Baseball schedule",
"paragraph_text": "The Major League Baseball (MLB) season schedule consists of 162 games for each of the 30 teams in the American League (AL) and National League (NL), played over approximately six months -- a total of 2,430 games, plus the postseason. The regular season runs from late March / early April to late September / early October, followed by the postseason which can run to early November. The season begins with the official Opening Day, and, as of 2018, runs 261⁄2 weeks through the last Sunday of September or first Sunday of October. One or more International Opener games may be scheduled outside the United States before the official Opening Day. It is possible for a given team to play a maximum of 20 games in the postseason in a given year, provided the team is a wild card and advances to each of the Division Series, Championship Series, and World Series with each series going the distance (5 games in the Division Series, 7 games each in the League Championship Series / World Series).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New York Mets",
"paragraph_text": "In their 1962 inaugural season, the Mets posted a record of 40 -- 120, the worst regular season record since MLB went to a 162 - game schedule (two games were canceled). The team never finished better than second to last until the 1969 ``Miracle Mets ''beat the Baltimore Orioles in the 1969 World Series in what is considered one of the biggest upsets in World Series history. Since then, they have played in four additional World Series, including a dramatic run in 1973 that ended in a seven - game loss to the Oakland Athletics, a second championship in 1986 over the Boston Red Sox, a Subway Series loss against their cross-town rivals the New York Yankees in 2000, and a five - game loss to the Kansas City Royals in 2015.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "2001 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2001 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2001 season. The 97th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Arizona Diamondbacks and the three - time defending World Series champions and American League (AL) champion New York Yankees. The Diamondbacks defeated the Yankees, four games to three to win the series. Considered one of the greatest World Series of all time, memorable aspects included two extra-inning games and three late - inning comebacks. Diamondbacks pitchers Randy Johnson and Curt Schilling were both named World Series Most Valuable Players.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "2016 World Series",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2016 season. The 112th edition of the World Series, it was a best - of - seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Chicago Cubs and the American League (AL) champion Cleveland Indians, the first meeting of those franchises in postseason history. The series was played between October 25 and November 3. The Indians had home - field advantage because the AL had won the 2016 All - Star Game. It was also the last World Series to have home - field advantage determined by the All - Star Game results; since 2017, home - field advantage is awarded to the team with the better record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Chicago Cubs have not won a World Series championship since 1908, and have not appeared in the Fall Classic since 1945, although between their postseason appearance in 1984 and their most recent in 2015, they have made the postseason seven times. 107 seasons is the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues, which also includes the National Football League (NFL), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). In fact, the Cubs' last World Series title occurred before those other three leagues even existed, and even the Cubs' last World Series appearance predates the founding of the NBA. The much publicized drought was concurrent to championship droughts by the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago White Sox, who both had over 80 years between championships. It is this unfortunate distinction that has led to the club often being known as \"The Lovable Losers.\" The team was one win away from breaking what is often called the \"Curse of the Billy Goat\" in 1984 and 2003 (Steve Bartman incident), but was unable get the victory that would send it to the World Series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "La Liga",
"paragraph_text": "The competition format follows the usual double round - robin format. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for a total of 38 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the highest - ranked club at the end of the season crowned champion.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What reason is frequently cited for last years' World Series winner playing inconsistently late in the season?
|
[
{
"id": 52445,
"question": "who won the mlb world series last year",
"answer": "The Cubs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
},
{
"id": 18135,
"question": "What is often pointed to as the one reason for the #1 ' inconsistent late season play?",
"answer": "unusually high number of day games",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
unusually high number of day games
|
[
"d",
"day",
"Day",
"days"
] | true |
2hop__18115_18135
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Vince Wilfork",
"paragraph_text": "Vincent Lamar Wilfork (born November 4, 1981) is a former American football nose tackle who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 13 seasons. He played college football for the University of Miami and was drafted by the New England Patriots in the first round of the 2004 NFL Draft, and spent the first 11 years of his career there. By the late 2000s, Wilfork was considered to be one of the premier defensive tackles in the NFL, and was named both to the Pro Bowl and the All-Pro team in , , , and . He also played two seasons for the Houston Texans before retiring following the 2016 season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "Following the '69 season, the club posted winning records for the next few seasons, but no playoff action. After the core players of those teams started to move on, the 70s got worse for the team, and they became known as \"The Loveable Losers.\" In 1977, the team found some life, but ultimately experienced one of its biggest collapses. The Cubs hit a high-water mark on June 28 at 47–22, boasting an 8 1⁄2 game NL East lead, as they were led by Bobby Murcer (27 Hr/89 RBI), and Rick Reuschel (20–10). However, the Philadelphia Phillies cut the lead to two by the All-star break, as the Cubs sat 19 games over .500, but they swooned late in the season, going 20–40 after July 31. The Cubs finished in 4th place at 81–81, while Philadelphia surged, finishing with 101 wins. The following two seasons also saw the Cubs get off to a fast start, as the team rallied to over 10 games above .500 well into both seasons, only to again wear down and play poorly later on, and ultimately settling back to mediocrity. This trait became known as the \"June Swoon.\" Again, the Cubs' unusually high number of day games is often pointed to as one reason for the team's inconsistent late season play.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Arena Football League",
"paragraph_text": "The 2016 regular season consists of an 18-week schedule during which each team plays 16 games and two bye weeks. Each team plays two or three games against the teams within its own conference, and two games (home/road) against each team interconference-wise. The 2015 season started during the last week of March and ran weekly into late August. At the end of the regular season, all teams from each conference (the conference winner and three wild card teams) play in the AFL playoffs, an eight-team single-elimination tournament that culminates with the championship game, known as the ArenaBowl. From 1987 to 2004, 2010 and 2011 and again starting in 2014, the game was played at the site of the higher seeded team. From 2005 to 2008, the games were at neutral sites, Las Vegas and New Orleans. In 2012, the league championship returned to a neutral site and ArenaBowl XXV was held at the New Orleans Arena; ArenaBowl XXVI was held in Orlando. The 2016 season will begin April 1, 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Lotorps IF",
"paragraph_text": "Lotorps IF is a sports club in Lotorp, Sweden, established on 15 March 1923. The women's bandy team has played three seasons in the Swedish top division. The women's soccer team played three seasons in the Swedish top division between 1978 and 1997.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "1996–97 English Premiership (rugby union)",
"paragraph_text": "The 1996–97 English Premiership (known as the Courage League National 1 for sponsorship reasons) was the tenth season of the top flight of rugby union in England. It was the first professional season in English rugby union history. The league was made up of twelve teams with each team playing each other twice, in a round robin system. Wasps were the champions, with a winning margin of six points above Bath, the runners–up. West Hartlepool and Orrell were relegated to National Division 2. It was the tenth and final season of sponsorship by Courage.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "2012–13 Liga III",
"paragraph_text": "The 2012–13 Liga III season is the 57th season of the Liga III, the third tier of the Romanian football league system. Day one was played on August 31, 2012 and the last round was played on May 30, 2013. The first team in each series will promote at the end of the season to the Liga II, and the teams that finish 10-16 will relegate to the Liga IV. From the teams that finish 9th, another three are relegated, but separate standings are computed, only results against teams that finished 1-8 are taken into consideration.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "FIFA World Cup",
"paragraph_text": "Each group plays a round - robin tournament, in which each team is scheduled for three matches against other teams in the same group. This means that a total of six matches are played within a group. The last round of matches of each group is scheduled at the same time to preserve fairness among all four teams. The top two teams from each group advance to the knockout stage. Points are used to rank the teams within a group. Since 1994, three points have been awarded for a win, one for a draw and none for a loss (before, winners received two points).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Sioux Falls Canaries",
"paragraph_text": "The Sioux Falls Canaries are a professional baseball team based in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States. The Canaries are a member of the North Division of the American Association of Independent Professional Baseball, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball. Since the 1993 season, the Canaries have played their home games at Sioux Falls Stadium, commonly known as The Birdcage. In the 2010, 2011, and 2012 seasons, the team was called the Sioux Falls Fighting Pheasants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Gene Banks",
"paragraph_text": "Eugene Lavon Banks (born May 15, 1959) is a retired American professional basketball player. He is one of a handful of players to make high school All-America three times. He was named to the McDonald's American team in 1977 and was the very first McDonald's Classic MVP. He also played in the prestigious Dapper Dan Scholastic High School All-American Basketball Classic in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and won MVP honors of that game. He scored a career high 53 points in his senior year at West Philadelphia high school and was voted the number one high school player of the year, along with Albert King.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kobe Bryant",
"paragraph_text": "The number of forty - plus point games players accumulate over their careers is often reported in media. Bryant has played 135 games in which he has scored 40 or more points; of these, 6 were 60 - plus point games and 26 were 50 - plus point games. He is third behind Wilt Chamberlain and Michael Jordan, who scored 40 or more in 284 and 211 games, respectively. In 2003, Bryant scored 40 points or more in nine consecutive games, tying Jordan, who accomplished the same feat in the 1986 -- 87 season. The only player with longer streaks of 40 or more is Chamberlain, who had 14 consecutive games twice in the 1961 -- 62 season and 10 consecutive games in the 1962 -- 63 season. In 2006, Bryant scored a career - high 81 points against the Toronto Raptors. It was the second - highest number of points scored in a game in NBA history, behind only Chamberlain's 100 - point performance in 1962. In 2007, Bryant scored 50 points or more in four consecutive games; this accomplishment is fifth in NBA history behind streaks by Chamberlain, who had 50 or more in seven, six and five (twice) consecutive games in the 1961 -- 62 season. Bryant has also played 12 playoff games in which he has scored forty or more points. Out of the 134 games, 21 resulted in Bryant notching a double - double and 42 resulted in losses. Bryant became the oldest player to score 60 + points (60) in his final game on April 13, 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Gary Doyle",
"paragraph_text": "Gary Doyle (born January 6, 1949 in Smiths Falls, Ontario) is a former professional ice hockey goaltender. He was selected in the fifth round of the 1969 NHL Amateur Draft, 56th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens, but he never played in the NHL. Doyle spent one season at the University of Ottawa, and three seasons in the minor leagues. Doyle did, however, play one game for the Edmonton Oilers of the WHA.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Henry Shaw (cricketer)",
"paragraph_text": "Shaw was born in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire and worked as a painter on the Midland Railway. He was also cricket coach at Derby School. He played a non qualifying match for Derbyshire in 1874 and made his first-class debut in the 1875 season against Kent, a win for Derbyshire in which he made his top score of 22. He played two matches in the 1876 season and one in the 1877 season. He played three matches in the 1878 season and umpired two first-class matches for Derbyshire. In the 1879 season he umpired one first-class match and played two non status games. In the 1880 season he played three first-class matches and achieved his best bowling performance of 5 for 34 against Sussex. He also played three matches in the 1881 season. At the time of the 1881 census he was running the New Inn public house in Stapenhill.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "1939 South American Championship",
"paragraph_text": "Each team played against each of the other teams. Two (2) points were awarded for a win, one (1) point for a draw and zero (0) points for a defeat.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cavaliers–Warriors rivalry",
"paragraph_text": "The Cavaliers -- Warriors rivalry is a National Basketball Association (NBA) rivalry between the Cleveland Cavaliers and the Golden State Warriors. While the two teams have played each other since the Cavaliers joined the league in 1970, their rivalry began to develop in the 2014 -- 15 season, when they met in the first of four consecutive NBA Finals series. Prior to the streak beginning, no pair of teams had faced each other in more than two consecutive Finals. Of these four series, the Warriors have won three championships (2015, 2017, and 2018), and the Cavaliers won in 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Kelly Faris",
"paragraph_text": "Kelly Elizabeth Faris (born January 16, 1991) is an American professional basketball player who last played for Breiðablik of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild kvenna. She was drafted 11th overall by the Connecticut Sun in the 2013 WNBA Draft. Faris played shooting guard for the Connecticut women's basketball team,and won two national championships in 2010 and 2013. She was on a post-season championship team for five consecutive seasons, including four consecutive high school state championships and one NCAA championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Major League Baseball schedule",
"paragraph_text": "The regular season is constructed from series. Due to travel concerns and the sheer number of games, pairs of teams are never scheduled to play single games against each other (except in the instance of making up a postponed game); instead they play games on several consecutive days in the same ballpark. Most often the series are of three or four games, but two - game series are also scheduled. Teams play one mid-week series and one weekend series per week. Depending on the length of the series, mid-week series games are usually scheduled between Monday and Thursday, while weekend games are scheduled between Thursday and Monday. Beginning in 2018, teams start and end their season on a weekend for a total of 261⁄2 weeks. Due to the mid-week all - star break in July, teams are scheduled to play 27 weekend series and 25 mid-week series for a total of 52 series (24 divisional series, 20 inter-divisional series, 8 inter-league series). A team's road games are usually grouped into a multi-series road trip; home series are grouped into homestands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "La Liga",
"paragraph_text": "The competition format follows the usual double round - robin format. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for a total of 38 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the highest - ranked club at the end of the season crowned champion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "In 1906, the franchise recorded a Major League record 116 wins (tied by the 2001 Seattle Mariners) and posted a modern-era record winning percentage of .763, which still stands today. They appeared in their first World Series the same year, falling to their crosstown rivals, the Chicago White Sox, four games to two. The Cubs won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics, and the first to win it twice. The team has appeared in seven World Series following their 1908 title, most recently in 1945. The Cubs have not won the World Series in 107 years, the longest championship drought of any major North American professional sports team, and are often referred to as the \"Lovable Losers\" because of this distinction. They are also known as \"The North Siders\" because Wrigley Field, their home park since 1916, is located in Chicago's North Side Lake View community at 1060 West Addison Street. The Cubs have a major rivalry with the St. Louis Cardinals.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "La Liga",
"paragraph_text": "The competition format follows the usual double round - robin format. During the course of a season, which lasts from August to May, each club plays every other club twice, once at home and once away, for 38 matchdays. Teams receive three points for a win, one point for a draw, and no points for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, with the highest - ranked club at the end of the season crowned champion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Premier League",
"paragraph_text": "There are 20 clubs in the Premier League. During the course of a season (from August to May) each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank. The three lowest placed teams are relegated into the Football League Championship, and the top two teams from the Championship, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third to sixth placed Championship clubs, are promoted in their place.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is pointed to as the one reason for the inconsistent late season play of the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?
|
[
{
"id": 18115,
"question": "Who was the first team to play in three consecutive Fall Classics?",
"answer": "The Cubs",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 18135,
"question": "What is often pointed to as the one reason for the #1 ' inconsistent late season play?",
"answer": "unusually high number of day games",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
unusually high number of day games
|
[
"d",
"day",
"Day",
"days"
] | true |
2hop__41219_22303
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "In cases where the criminalized behavior is pure speech, civil disobedience can consist simply of engaging in the forbidden speech. An example would be WBAI's broadcasting the track \"Filthy Words\" from a George Carlin comedy album, which eventually led to the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation. Threatening government officials is another classic way of expressing defiance toward the government and unwillingness to stand for its policies. For example, Joseph Haas was arrested for allegedly sending an email to the Lebanon, New Hampshire city councilors stating, \"Wise up or die.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "\"Southern California\" is not a formal geographic designation, and definitions of what constitutes southern California vary. Geographically, California's north-south midway point lies at exactly 37° 9' 58.23\" latitude, around 11 miles (18 km) south of San Jose; however, this does not coincide with popular use of the term. When the state is divided into two areas (northern and southern California), the term \"southern California\" usually refers to the ten southern-most counties of the state. This definition coincides neatly with the county lines at 35° 47′ 28″ north latitude, which form the northern borders of San Luis Obispo, Kern, and San Bernardino counties. Another definition for southern California uses Point Conception and the Tehachapi Mountains as the northern boundary.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Old Town, Edinburgh",
"paragraph_text": "Due to the space restrictions imposed by the narrowness of the \"tail\", and the advantages of living within the defensive wall, the Old Town became home to some of the world's earliest \"high rise\" residential buildings. Multi-storey dwellings became the norm from the 16th century onwards. Many of these buildings were destroyed in the Great Fire of Edinburgh in 1824; the rebuilding of these on the original foundations led to changes in the ground level and the creation of numerous passages and vaults under the Old Town. The construction of new streets including North Bridge and South Bridge in the 18th century also created underground spaces, such as the Edinburgh Vaults below the latter.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication \"A Primer for Prospective Jurors\" notes, \"Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house.\" By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "One of its earliest massive implementations was brought about by Egyptians against the British occupation in the 1919 Revolution. Civil disobedience is one of the many ways people have rebelled against what they deem to be unfair laws. It has been used in many nonviolent resistance movements in India (Gandhi's campaigns for independence from the British Empire), in Czechoslovakia's Velvet Revolution and in East Germany to oust their communist governments, In South Africa in the fight against apartheid, in the American Civil Rights Movement, in the Singing Revolution to bring independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union, recently with the 2003 Rose Revolution in Georgia and the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, among other various movements worldwide.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded incidents of collective civil disobedience took place during the Roman Empire[citation needed]. Unarmed Jews gathered in the streets to prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem.[citation needed][original research?] In modern times, some activists who commit civil disobedience as a group collectively refuse to sign bail until certain demands are met, such as favorable bail conditions, or the release of all the activists. This is a form of jail solidarity.[page needed] There have also been many instances of solitary civil disobedience, such as that committed by Thoreau, but these sometimes go unnoticed. Thoreau, at the time of his arrest, was not yet a well-known author, and his arrest was not covered in any newspapers in the days, weeks and months after it happened. The tax collector who arrested him rose to higher political office, and Thoreau's essay was not published until after the end of the Mexican War.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Mount Peck",
"paragraph_text": "Until 1987 it was named Mount Stalin, when its name was changed to recognize Don Peck, a trapper, guide and outfitter from the area. This renaming occurred as a result of the advocacy of Dr Lubomyr Luciuk and Dr Bohdan Kordan, with the support of the Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties Association. It has a prominence of . Its line parent is Constable Peak, away.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Iran",
"paragraph_text": "Another civil war ensued after the death of Karim Khan in 1779, out of which Aqa Mohammad Khan emerged, founding the Qajar Dynasty in 1794. In 1795, following the disobedience of the Georgian subjects and their alliance with the Russians, the Qajars captured Tblisi by the Battle of Krtsanisi, and drove the Russians out of the entire Caucasus, reestablishing a short-lived Iranian suzerainty over the region. The Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 resulted in large irrevocable territorial losses for Iran in the Caucasus, comprising all of Transcaucasia and Dagestan, which made part of the very concept of Iran for centuries, and thus substantial gains for the neighboring Russian Empire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "G-ring",
"paragraph_text": "In commutative algebra, a G-ring or Grothendieck ring is a Noetherian ring such that the map of any of its local rings to the completion is regular (defined below). Almost all Noetherian rings that occur naturally in algebraic geometry or number theory are G-rings, and it is quite hard to construct examples of Noetherian rings that are not G-rings. The concept is named after Alexander Grothendieck.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Cowesby",
"paragraph_text": "Cowesby is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton district of North Yorkshire, England. It is on the border of the North York Moors and near the A19, about 4 miles north of Thirsk. The population of the civil parish was estimated at 70 in 2014.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Civil disobedients have chosen a variety of different illegal acts. Bedau writes, \"There is a whole class of acts, undertaken in the name of civil disobedience, which, even if they were widely practiced, would in themselves constitute hardly more than a nuisance (e.g. trespassing at a nuclear-missile installation)...Such acts are often just a harassment and, at least to the bystander, somewhat inane...The remoteness of the connection between the disobedient act and the objectionable law lays such acts open to the charge of ineffectiveness and absurdity.\" Bedau also notes, though, that the very harmlessness of such entirely symbolic illegal protests toward public policy goals may serve a propaganda purpose. Some civil disobedients, such as the proprietors of illegal medical cannabis dispensaries and Voice in the Wilderness, which brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government, directly achieve a desired social goal (such as the provision of medication to the sick) while openly breaking the law. Julia Butterfly Hill lived in Luna, a 180-foot (55 m)-tall, 600-year-old California Redwood tree for 738 days, successfully preventing it from being cut down.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Self-defense (United States)",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, self-defense is an affirmative defense that is used to justify the use of force by one person against another person under specific circumstances.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Non-revolutionary civil disobedience is a simple disobedience of laws on the grounds that they are judged \"wrong\" by an individual conscience, or as part of an effort to render certain laws ineffective, to cause their repeal, or to exert pressure to get one's political wishes on some other issue. Revolutionary civil disobedience is more of an active attempt to overthrow a government (or to change cultural traditions, social customs, religious beliefs, etc...revolution doesn't have to be political, i.e. \"cultural revolution\", it simply implies sweeping and widespread change to a section of the social fabric). Gandhi's acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience. It has been claimed that the Hungarians under Ferenc Deák directed revolutionary civil disobedience against the Austrian government. Thoreau also wrote of civil disobedience accomplishing \"peaceable revolution.\" Howard Zinn, Harvey Wheeler, and others have identified the right espoused in The Declaration of Independence to \"alter or abolish\" an unjust government to be a principle of civil disobedience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Switzerland",
"paragraph_text": "In about 260 AD, the fall of the Agri Decumates territory north of the Rhine transformed today's Switzerland into a frontier land of the Empire. Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica. The Empire built another line of defense at the north border (the so-called Donau-Iller-Rhine-Limes), but at the end of the fourth century the increased Germanic pressure forced the Romans to abandon the linear defence concept, and the Swiss plateau was finally open to the settlement of German tribes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Zone defense",
"paragraph_text": "Zone defenses are common in international, college, and youth competition. In the National Basketball Association, zone defenses were prohibited until the 2001 -- 2002 season, and most teams do not use them as a primary defensive strategy. The NBA has a defensive three - second violation rule, which makes it more difficult for teams to play zone, since such defenses usually position a player in the middle of the key to stop penetration. The Dallas Mavericks under coach Rick Carlisle are an example of an NBA team that have regularly used zone defenses.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Civil disobedience",
"paragraph_text": "Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects \"a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken\". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Civil rights movement",
"paragraph_text": "The movement was characterized by major campaigns of civil resistance. Between 1955 and 1968, acts of nonviolent protest and civil disobedience produced crisis situations and productive dialogues between activists and government authorities. Federal, state, and local governments, businesses, and communities often had to respond immediately to these situations, which highlighted the inequities faced by African Americans. The lynching of Emmett Till and the visceral response to his mother's decision to have an open - casket funeral mobilized the African - American community nationwide. Forms of protest and / or civil disobedience included boycotts such as the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955 -- 56) in Alabama; ``sit - ins ''such as the influential Greensboro sit - ins (1960) in North Carolina and successful Nashville sit - ins in Tennessee; marches, such as the Birmingham Children's Crusade and Selma to Montgomery marches (1965) in Alabama; and a wide range of other nonviolent activities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Vedaranyam March",
"paragraph_text": "The Vedaranyam March (also called the Vedaranyam Satyagraha) was a framework of the nonviolent civil disobedience movement in British India. Modeled on the lines of Dandi March, which was led by Mahatma Gandhi on the western coast of India the month before, it was organised to protest the salt tax imposed by the British Raj in the colonial India.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Mountain",
"paragraph_text": "Volcanoes are formed when a plate is pushed below another plate, or at a mid-ocean ridge or hotspot. At a depth of around 100 km, melting occurs in rock above the slab (due to the addition of water), and forms magma that reaches the surface. When the magma reaches the surface, it often builds a volcanic mountain, such as a shield volcano or a stratovolcano. Examples of volcanoes include Mount Fuji in Japan and Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines. The magma does not have to reach the surface in order to create a mountain: magma that solidifies below ground can still form dome mountains, such as Navajo Mountain in the US.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "United States dollar",
"paragraph_text": "The colloquialism \"buck\"(s) (much like the British word \"quid\"(s, pl) for the pound sterling) is often used to refer to dollars of various nations, including the U.S. dollar. This term, dating to the 18th century, may have originated with the colonial leather trade. It may also have originated from a poker term. \"Greenback\" is another nickname originally applied specifically to the 19th century Demand Note dollars created by Abraham Lincoln to finance the costs of the Civil War for the North. The original note was printed in black and green on the back side. It is still used to refer to the U.S. dollar (but not to the dollars of other countries). Other well-known names of the dollar as a whole in denominations include \"greenmail\", \"green\" and \"dead presidents\" (the last because deceased presidents are pictured on most bills).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the name of the concept used when the empire with the earliest examples of civil disobedience built another line of defense at the north border?
|
[
{
"id": 41219,
"question": "When did the earliest examples of civil disobedience as a whole occur?",
"answer": "during the Roman Empire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 22303,
"question": "What was the name of the concept used by #1 when building another line of defense at the north border?",
"answer": "the linear defence concept",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
the linear defence concept
|
[] | true |
2hop__94658_511442
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Man Who Fell to Earth (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "The Man Who Fell to Earth is a 1963 science fiction novel by American author Walter Tevis, about an extraterrestrial who lands on Earth seeking a way to ferry his people to Earth from his home planet, which is suffering from a severe drought. The novel served as the basis for the 1976 film by Nicolas Roeg, \"The Man Who Fell to Earth\", as well as a 1987 television adaptation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Antioch Review",
"paragraph_text": "The Antioch Review is an American literary magazine established in 1941 at Antioch College in Ohio. The magazine is published on a quarterly basis. One of the oldest continuously published literary magazines in the United States, it publishes fiction, essays, and poetry from both emerging and established authors.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "William S. Bowdern",
"paragraph_text": "Father William S. Bowdern (February 13, 1897 - April 25, 1983) was a Catholic priest of the Society of Jesus in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. He was the author of \"The Problems of Courtship and Marriage\" printed by \"Our Sunday Visitor\" in 1939. He was a graduate of and taught at St. Louis University High School; he also taught at St. Louis University. Bowdern participated in an exorcism of Roland Doe in 1949. The incident became the basis of William Peter Blatty's novel, \"The Exorcist\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "John McCaslin",
"paragraph_text": "John McCaslin (born October 31, 1957) is an American broadcaster and author. He is the former co-anchor of \"America’s Morning News\", produced by Talk Radio Network. On a daily basis for nearly two decades, he penned a syndicated political column titled \"Inside the Beltway\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "All India Services",
"paragraph_text": "The Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions is the cadre controlling authority for the IAS, The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change for the IFS and The Ministry of Home Affairs for the IPS while Examination for recruitment of IAS and IPS is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) on the basis of the annual Civil Services Examination, a common civil service examination, and for IFS on the basis of the IFS Examination. Since 2012 onwards, the preliminary (first test) of the two examinations are combined. These officers are recruited and trained by the Central Government, and then allotted to different State cadres.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "The General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century",
"paragraph_text": "The General Idea of the Revolution in the Nineteenth Century () is an influential manifesto written in 1851 by the anarchist philosopher Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. The book portrays a vision of an ideal society where frontiers are taken down, nation states abolished, and where there is no central authority or law of government, except for power residing in communes, and local associations, governed by contractual law. The ideas of the book later became the basis of libertarian and anarchist theory, and the work is now considered a classic of anarchist philosophy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Zinda Laash",
"paragraph_text": "\"Zinda Laash\" is also known as Dracula in Pakistan (USA title) and The Living Corpse (International title). It is the first movie in Pakistan to be X-rated.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Dracula (1996 play)",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an adaptation, first published in 1996, by American playwright Steven Dietz of Bram Stoker's novel by the same name. Though it has never run on Broadway, the author lists it among his most financially successful works, and it is frequently performed near Halloween in regional and community theaters. Closely following the plot of the novel, the play chronicles Count Dracula's journey to England, his stalking of two young women, and his pursuit and eventual defeat by the heroines' suitors and their associates.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "David S. Touretzky",
"paragraph_text": "David S. Touretzky is a research professor in the Computer Science Department and the Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition at Carnegie Mellon University. He received a BA in Computer Science at Rutgers University in 1978, and earned a master's degree and a Ph.D. (1984) in Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. Touretzky has worked as an Internet activist in favor of freedom of speech, especially what he perceives as abuse of the legal system by government and private authorities. He is a notable critic of Scientology.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Subah Ka Sitara",
"paragraph_text": "Subah Ka Sitara is a 1932 Urdu/Hindi romantic costume film from India. It was directed by Premankur Atorthy for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. Subah Ka Sitara was the third of the three films with which K. L. Saigal started his acting career in 1932. The first was Mohabbat Ke Ansu and the second was Zinda Lash. Like the first two films, Saigal used the name Saigal Kashmiri in the credit roll of the film. The film starred K. L. Saigal, Rattanbai, Mazhar Khan, Ali Mir Kumar, Radhabai, and Siddiqui. The music was by R. C. Boral. This was also actor Kumar’s second film, the first being \"Zinda Lash\" with Saigal in the lead role. Kumar’s name appeared in the credit roll as Ali Mir and it was from his third film \"Puran Bhagat\" that he changed his screen name to \"Kumar\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Allison DuBois",
"paragraph_text": "Allison DuBois (born January 24, 1972) is an American author and purported medium. DuBois has stated that use of her psychic abilities has assisted U.S. law enforcement officials in solving crimes, forming the basis of the TV series Medium.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "I Gotta Right to Swing",
"paragraph_text": "I Gotta Right to Swing is a 1960 studio album by Sammy Davis Jr., accompanied by an uncredited Count Basie Orchestra, minus Count Basie himself.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Brave New World",
"paragraph_text": "Brave New World is a dystopian novel by English author Aldous Huxley. Published in 1932, it propounds that economic chaos and unemployment will cause a radical reaction in the form of an international scientific empire that manufactures its citizens in the laboratory on a eugenic basis, without the need for human intercourse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Tiger Zinda Hai",
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Zinda Hai (English: Tiger Is Alive), also known as TZH, is a 2017 Indian Hindi - language action thriller film, directed and co-written by Ali Abbas Zafar. The film stars Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif and Sajjad Delfrooz in leading roles, with Angad Bedi, Kumud Mishra, Nawab Shah, Girish Karnad and Paresh Rawal in supporting roles. The film is the sequel to the 2012 film Ek Tha Tiger and the second installment of the Tiger film series, and is based on the 2014 abduction of Indian nurses by ISIL.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Age of Enlightenment",
"paragraph_text": "Hume and other Scottish Enlightenment thinkers developed a 'science of man', which was expressed historically in works by authors including James Burnett, Adam Ferguson, John Millar, and William Robertson, all of whom merged a scientific study of how humans behaved in ancient and primitive cultures with a strong awareness of the determining forces of modernity. Modern sociology largely originated from this movement, and Hume's philosophical concepts that directly influenced James Madison (and thus the U.S. Constitution) and as popularised by Dugald Stewart, would be the basis of classical liberalism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Global Supply Systems",
"paragraph_text": "Global Supply Systems (GSS) was a British cargo airline based at London Stansted Airport. It provided dedicated freighters to airlines on a wet lease basis. The company held a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence, it was permitted to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frank Wess",
"paragraph_text": "Frank Wellington Wess (January 4, 1922 – October 30, 2013) was an American jazz saxophonist and flautist. In addition to his extensive solo work, Wess is remembered for his time in Count Basie's band from the early 1950s into the 1960s. Critic Scott Yannow described him as one of the premier proteges of Lester Young, and a leading jazz flautist of his era—using the latter instrument to bring new colors to Basie's music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Special assessment on convicted persons",
"paragraph_text": "The special assessment on convicted persons is part of the sentence of all offenders convicted of federal crimes in the United States. It applies on a per-count basis; thus, an offender convicted of 14 counts of bank robbery would need to pay 14 $100 special assessments, for a total of $1,400. The money is used to fund the Crime Victims Fund. The sentencing judge is not authorized to waive the special assessment, even for the indigent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Zlín Region",
"paragraph_text": "The Zlín Region was established on 1 January 2000 on the basis of the constitutional act No. 347 from 3 December 1997 on foundation of higher self-governing units. It was formed by a merger of parts of Jihomoravský Region (the Zlín District, the Kroměříž District and the Uherské Hradiště District), and the Severomoravský Region (the Vsetín District. The region has in total 307 municipalities of which 30 are towns. There are 13 municipalities with extended powers and 25 territorial districts of municipalities with authorized municipal office.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Elements trilogy",
"paragraph_text": "Some notable actors that have worked in Mehta's \"Elements\" trilogy include Aamir Khan, Seema Biswas, Shabana Azmi, John Abraham, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Rahul Khanna, Lisa Ray, and Nandita Das. A. R. Rahman composed critically acclaimed soundtracks for all the three films. These films are also notable for Mehta's collaborative work with author Bapsi Sidhwa. Sidhwa's novel \"Cracking India\", (1991, U.S.; 1992, India; originally published as \"Ice Candy Man\", 1988, England), is the basis for Mehta's 1998 film, \"Earth\". Mehta's film, \"Water,\" was later published by Sidhwa as the 2006 novel, \"Water: A Novel\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who wrote the 1996 version of the story which was also the basis for Zinda Laash?
|
[
{
"id": 94658,
"question": "Which is the basis of Zinda Laash?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 511442,
"question": "#1 >> author",
"answer": "Steven Dietz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
Steven Dietz
|
[] | true |
2hop__149922_511442
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "MP3",
"paragraph_text": "A test given to new students by Stanford University Music Professor Jonathan Berger showed that student preference for MP3-quality music has risen each year. Berger said the students seem to prefer the 'sizzle' sounds that MP3s bring to music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Caroline Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Caroline Harker (born 1966) is an English stage and television actress, sister of actresses Nelly Harker and Susannah Harker, and daughter of actors Polly Adams and Richard Owens. She is known for her roles as Celia, in the BBC's \"Middlemarch\", and as Woman Police Constable (WPC) (later Detective Sgt.) Hazel Wallace in the ITV police drama \"A Touch of Frost\" (1992-2003).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sard Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Sard Harker (1924) by John Masefield (1878–1967) is an adventure novel first published in October 1924. It is the first of three novels by Masefield set in the fictional nation of Santa Barbara in South America. The others are \"ODTAA\" and \"The Taking of the Gry\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jonathan Goldsmith",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Goldsmith (born September 26, 1938) is an American actor. He began his career on the New York stage, then started a career in film and television. He appeared in several TV shows from the 1960s to the 1990s. He is best known for appearing in television commercials for Dos Equis beer, from 2006 to 2016, as the character The Most Interesting Man in the World.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Highway to Heaven",
"paragraph_text": "Highway to Heaven is an American television drama series that ran on NBC from 1984 to 1989. The series aired for five seasons, running a total of 111 episodes. The series starred Michael Landon as Jonathan Smith, and Victor French—-Landon's co-star from \"Little House on the Prairie\"-—as Mark Gordon. Jonathan is an angel who has been stripped of his wings and is now \"on probation\", sent to Earth. He meets Mark, a retired policeman now bouncing from job to job. At first distrustful of Jonathan, Mark comes to realize his true nature and is then given a job: to assist Jonathan in helping troubled people on Earth. Jonathan and Mark are given assignments by \"The Boss\" (i.e. God), where they are required to use their humanity to help various troubled souls overcome their problems.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Charles Garrison Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Charles Garrison Harker (December 2, 1837 – June 27, 1864) was a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was killed in action at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain in northern Georgia during the Atlanta Campaign. Fort Harker in Kansas, an active garrison of the United States Army from 1866 to 1872, was named in his honor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jonathan Cheban",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Cheban (born c. 1974) is a reality - television star and entrepreneur. He is noted for his recurring role on the show Keeping Up with the Kardashians and its spinoffs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Chris Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Chris Harker is an American politician. A Democrat, he served for six years as a state representative for Oregon's House District 34.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Dracula (1996 play)",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an adaptation, first published in 1996, by American playwright Steven Dietz of Bram Stoker's novel by the same name. Though it has never run on Broadway, the author lists it among his most financially successful works, and it is frequently performed near Halloween in regional and community theaters. Closely following the plot of the novel, the play chronicles Count Dracula's journey to England, his stalking of two young women, and his pursuit and eventual defeat by the heroines' suitors and their associates.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Harker Hall",
"paragraph_text": "Harker Hall, also known as the Chemical Laboratory, is a historic building on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in Urbana, Illinois. Built in 1877, the building originally served as the university's chemical laboratory. Architect Nathan Clifford Ricker designed the Second Empire building, which originally featured a mansard roof. In 1896, a lightning strike set the roof on fire, and architect James White replaced it with a hip roof. The building was named Harker Hall in honor of Oliver A. Harker, who served as dean of the university's law school from 1903 to 1916. Until it stopped hosting classes, the hall was the oldest classroom building at the university.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Mount Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Mount Harker is a mountain peak located east of Willis Glacier in the Saint Johns Range, Victoria Land, Antarctica. The mountain was first mapped by the Terra Nova Expedition (1910–1913) led by Robert Falcon Scott. The mountain is named for Alfred Harker (1859–1939), an English geologist who specialised in petrology and petrography.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jonathan Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harker is a fictional character and one of the main protagonists of Bram Stoker's 1897 Gothic horror novel \"Dracula\". His journey to Transylvania and encounter with the vampire Count Dracula and his Brides at Castle Dracula constitutes the dramatic opening scenes in the novel and most of the film adaptations. Stoker appropriated the surname from his friend Joseph Cunningham Harker (1855-1920), a set designer at the Lyceum Theatre and father of actor William Gordon Harker (1885-1967) as well as great-grandfather of actress Polly Adams, whose actress-daughters Susannah Harker and Caroline Harker adopted the Harker surname for their stage names.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Lucy Westenra",
"paragraph_text": "Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the novel \"Dracula\" (1897) by Bram Stoker. She is introduced as Mina Murray's best friend, the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family. Her father is mentioned in the novel when Mina says he was a sleepwalker, and her elderly mother is simply stated as being Mrs. Westenra. In the 1931 Universal production, she is called Lucy Weston. In the 1958 film \"Dracula\", she is called Lucy Holmwood, Arthur Holmwood's sister, who is engaged to Jonathan Harker.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Jimmy Show",
"paragraph_text": "The Jimmy Show is a 2001 drama written and directed by Frank Whaley, based on the Off-Broadway play \"Veins and Thumbtacks\" by Jonathan Marc Sherman. The film stars Whaley, Carla Gugino, and Ethan Hawke.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Born Lucky",
"paragraph_text": "Born Lucky is an American television series in which contestants earned mall money and prizes. It was hosted by Bob Goen and announced by Jonathan Coleman. Four contestants competed in a stunt game show taped at various shopping malls for a chance at $2,000 in mall money. The first week's shows of \"Born Lucky\" were taped at the Glendale Galleria in California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Jonathan Haidt",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan David Haidt (; born October 19, 1963) is an American social psychologist, Professor of Ethical Leadership at New York University's Stern School of Business, and author. His main areas of study are the psychology of morality and the moral emotions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jonathan V. Last",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan V. Last (born 1974) is an American journalist and author. He is the executive editor of \"The Bulwark\", previously working as a senior writer and later digital editor at \"The Weekly Standard.\" He is the author of \"What to Expect When No One’s Expecting\" (2013).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "You'll Be Back",
"paragraph_text": "``You'll Be Back ''is the seventh song from Act 1 of the musical Hamilton, based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin - Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. It is sung by Jonathan Groff in the show's original cast recording.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Artist's Widow",
"paragraph_text": "The Artist's Widow is a novel written by British author Shena Mackay and first published in 1998 by Jonathan Cape. It is mentioned twice in the \"Bloomsbury Good Reading Guide\" (2003)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Dorsa Harker",
"paragraph_text": "Dorsa Harker is a wrinkle ridge at in Mare Crisium on the Moon. It is 213 km long and was named after Alfred Harker, an English petrologist, in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the author of the 1996 theatrical adaptation of the novel that Jonathan Harker is from?
|
[
{
"id": 149922,
"question": "What show is Jonathan Harker from?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 511442,
"question": "#1 >> author",
"answer": "Steven Dietz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Steven Dietz
|
[] | true |
2hop__47857_308370
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Little Broken Hearts",
"paragraph_text": "Little Broken Hearts (stylized as ...Little Broken Hearts) is the fifth solo studio album by American singer and songwriter Norah Jones, released on April 25, 2012, through Blue Note Records. The album was produced by Brian Burton, better known as Danger Mouse, who is notable for his production work with The Black Keys, Gnarls Barkley, and Beck among others.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Days of Thunder (soundtrack)",
"paragraph_text": "``The Last Note of Freedom ''- David Coverdale`` Deal for Life'' - John Waite ``Break Through the Barrier ''- Tina Turner`` Hearts in Trouble'' - Chicago ``Trail of Broken Hearts ''- Cher`` Knockin 'on Heaven's Door'' - Guns N' Roses ``You Gotta Love Someone ''- Elton John`` Show Me Heaven'' - Maria McKee ``Thunderbox ''- Apollo Smile`` Long Live the Night'' - Joan Jett & The Blackhearts ``Gimme Some Lovin '''- Terry Reid (Spencer Davis Group version appears in movie)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jean Massieu",
"paragraph_text": "``Let the Englishman have his coffee, and let me have my ham. ''-- Jean Massieu`` Gratitude is the memory of the heart'', which has become a proverb in the French language.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight",
"paragraph_text": "\"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in November 1981 as the second single from the album \"Step by Step\". \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" went to number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country chart, becoming Rabbitt's tenth number one country single. \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" also crossed over to the Top 40 peaking at number fifteen. The song was written by Rabbitt, Even Stevens and David Malloy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The Tip of My Fingers",
"paragraph_text": "\"The Tip of My Fingers,\" also titled \"The Tips of My Fingers,\" is a song written and originally recorded by American country music singer Bill Anderson. First included on his 1962 album \"Bill Anderson Sings Country Heart Songs\", the song was a Top Ten country single for him in 1960.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Oops!... I Did It Again (song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Oops!... I Did It Again ''Single by Britney Spears from the album Oops!... I Did It Again B - side`` Deep in My Heart'' Released March 27, 2000 (2000 - 03 - 27) Format Cassette single CD single 12 ''Recorded November 1999 Cheiron Studios (Stockholm) Battery Studios (New York) Genre Teen pop dance - pop Length 3: 31 Label Jive Songwriter (s) Max Martin Rami Producer (s) Max Martin Rami Britney Spears singles chronology ``From the Bottom of My Broken Heart'' (1999)`` Oops!... I Did It Again ''(2000) ``Lucky'' (2000)`` From the Bottom of My Broken Heart ''(1999) ``Oops!... I Did It Again'' (2000)`` Lucky ''(2000) Music video ``Oops!... I Did It Again'' on YouTube",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "I Am My Brother's Keeper",
"paragraph_text": "I Am My Brother's Keeper is a 1970 album by Motown vocalists and siblings Jimmy Ruffin and David Ruffin, credited as \"The Ruffin Brothers\". The album includes the singles \"Stand by Me\" and \"When My Love Hand Comes Down\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Broken Hearts of Hollywood",
"paragraph_text": "Broken Hearts of Hollywood is a 1926 American comedy drama film released by Warner Bros. and directed by Lloyd Bacon. It is unknown, but the film might have been released with a Vitaphone soundtrack. A print of the film exists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "All Is Fair in Love and War",
"paragraph_text": "``All is fair in love and war '', a proverb attributed to John Lyly's Euphues All Is Fair in Love and War (album), an album by Blessed by a Broken Heart`` All Is Fair in Love and War'' (song), a song by Ronnie Milsap",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Kiss an Angel Good Mornin'",
"paragraph_text": "``Kiss an Angel Good Mornin '''is a song written by Ben Peters, and recorded by American country music artist Charley Pride. It was released in October 1971 as the first single from the album Charley Pride Sings Heart Songs. The song has since become one of his signature tunes and was his eighth song to reach number one on the country charts.`` Kiss an Angel Good Mornin'' was also Charley Pride's first single to reach the pop charts, peaking at number twenty - one on the Billboard Hot 100, and also went into the Top Ten of the Adult Contemporary charts. It also reached # 19 on the U.S. Cash Box Top 100. The song spent four months on the pop chart, longer than any of his other hits. Billboard ranked it as the No. 74 song for 1972.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sydney Carter",
"paragraph_text": "Sydney Bertram Carter (6 May 1915 -- 13 March 2004) was an English poet, songwriter, folk musician, born in Camden Town, London. He is best known for the song ``Lord of the Dance ''(1967), set to the tune of the American Shaker song`` Simple Gifts'', and the song ``The Crow on the Cradle ''. Other notable songs include`` Julian of Norwich'' (sometimes called ``The Bells of Norwich ''), based on words of Julian of Norwich,`` One More Step Along the World I Go'', ``When I Needed a Neighbour '',`` Friday Morning'', ``Every Star Shall Sing a Carol '',`` The Youth of the Heart'', ``Down Below ''and`` Sing John Ball''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "When the Heart Sings",
"paragraph_text": "When the Heart Sings (Spanish:Cuando canta el corazón) is a 1941 Argentine musical drama film directed by Richard Harlan and starring Hugo del Carril, Aída Luz and José Olarra. A man from a wealthy background meets and marries an actress despite fierce opposition from his family.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows",
"paragraph_text": "\"Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows\" is a popular song sung by Lesley Gore. It was originally released on Gore's 1963 album \"Lesley Gore Sings of Mixed-Up Hearts\". The song, composed by Marvin Hamlisch, was released as a single in conjunction with Gore's rendition in the 1965 film \"Ski Party\". It was arranged by Claus Ogerman and produced by Quincy Jones. The tune peaked at #13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "With a Little Help from My Friends",
"paragraph_text": "``With a Little Help from My Friends ''is a song by the English rock band the Beatles from their 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. It was written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, and intended as the album's featured vocal for drummer Ringo Starr. The group recorded the song towards the end of the sessions for Sgt. Pepper, with Starr singing as the character`` Billy Shears''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted",
"paragraph_text": "``What Becomes of the Brokenhearted ''is a hit single recorded by Jimmy Ruffin and released on Motown Records' Soul label in the summer of 1966. It is a ballad, with lead singer Jimmy Ruffin recalling the pain that befalls the brokenhearted, who had love that's now departed. The song essentially deals with the struggle to overcome sadness while seeking a new relationship after a breakup.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Entiako Provincial Park",
"paragraph_text": "Entiako Provincial Park and Protected Area is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the south flank of the Nechako River watercourse . It was formerly part of Tweedsmuir Provincial Park until that park was broken up; its sibling parks from that change are Tweedsmuir North Provincial Park and Protected Area and Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Black Heart of Jamaica",
"paragraph_text": "Black Heart of Jamaica is the fifth book in the Cat Royal series by British author Julia Golding. In this story the protagonist, Cat, becomes a pirate and gets involved with Pedro in a slave revolt.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Iceberg",
"paragraph_text": "An iceberg or ice mountain is a large piece of freshwater ice that has broken off a glacier or an ice shelf and is floating freely in open water. It may subsequently become frozen into pack ice (one form of sea ice). As it drifts into shallower waters, it may come into contact with the seabed, a process referred to as seabed gouging by ice. About 90% of an iceberg is below the surface of the water.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "India Jane Birley",
"paragraph_text": "Born in London, she is the daughter of Lady Annabel Vane-Tempest-Stewart, from her marriage to nightclub mogul Mark Birley. She has two brothers, Rupert (presumed deceased) and Robin; and three half-siblings, Zac, Jemima, and Ben Goldsmith from her mother's affair with James Goldsmith, the man who would become her second husband.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the brother of the singer of What Becomes of the Broken Hearted?
|
[
{
"id": 47857,
"question": "who sings what becomes of a broken heart",
"answer": "Jimmy Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 308370,
"question": "#1 >> sibling",
"answer": "David Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
David Ruffin
|
[] | true |
2hop__155419_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Torben Boye",
"paragraph_text": "Torben Boye (born 2 May 1966) is a Danish former professional football (soccer) player, who played his entire career for Danish Superliga club Aalborg Boldspilklub (AaB). Boye has set a number of records for the club, including most played games, as he played 560 matches for AaB. He debuted for AaB as a midfielder in 1984, and following a couple of seasons as a right back he ended in the centre back position. He stopped at the top level following the Danish Superliga 2001-02 season .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Birgit Grodal",
"paragraph_text": "Birgit Grodal (24 June 1943 - 4 May 2004), was an economics professor at the University of Copenhagen from 1968 until her death in 2004.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Battle of Cisterna",
"paragraph_text": "The Battle of Cisterna took place during World War II, on 30 January–2 February 1944, near Cisterna, Italy, as part of the Battle of Anzio, part of the Italian Campaign. The battle was a clear German victory which also had repercussions on the employment of U.S. Army Rangers that went beyond the immediate tactical and strategic results of the battle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "School-leaving age",
"paragraph_text": "# Country De jure Education / Employment gap Year Notes School leaving age Employment age Australia 15 or 17 14.5 2011 The minimum ages from 2009 will be the following: Northern Territory - 15; ACT - 15; South Australia - 17; Queensland - 17; Students must remain in school until they turn 16 years of age or complete Year 10, which ever comes first. From there they must be ``learning or earning ''which means they must be employed at least 25 hours a week, or be in full time education or be in a combination of both part time employment and part time education which adds up to at least 25 hours a week until they turn 17 or complete Year 12 or equivalent, which ever comes first. Victoria - 17; Western Australia - 15; NSW - 17 (if they want to not do their HSC they need to be working at least 25 hours per week or at TAFE studying until they turn 17); Tasmania - 17. Fiji? 12 Marshall Islands 14 18 2005 F.S. Micronesia 14? New Zealand 16 0 Those at least 15 may leave school with permission from the Ministry of Education. Papua New Guinea? 2003 Palau 17? 2000 Solomon Islands? 12 2002",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "High Grass Circus",
"paragraph_text": "High Grass Circus is a 1976 National Film Board of Canada documentary film co-directed by Tony Ianzelo and Torben Schioler, exploring life in the Royal Brothers' traveling circus. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "German Revolution of 1918–19",
"paragraph_text": "To prevent this development, the union leaders under Carl Legien and the representatives of big industry under Hugo Stinnes and Carl Friedrich von Siemens met in Berlin from 9 to 12 November. On 15 November, they signed an agreement with advantages for both sides: the union representatives promised to guarantee orderly production, to end wildcat strikes, to drive back the influence of the councils and to prevent a nationalisation of means of production. For their part, the employers guaranteed to introduce the eight-hour day, which the workers had demanded in vain for years. The employers agreed to the union claim of sole representation and to the lasting recognition of the unions instead of the councils. Both parties formed a \"Central Committee for the Maintenance of the Economy\" (Zentralausschuss für die Aufrechterhaltung der Wirtschaft).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Race Against the Machine",
"paragraph_text": "Race Against the Machine is a non-fiction book from 2011 by Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee about the interaction of digital technology, employment and organization. The full title of the book is: \"Race Against the Machine: How the Digital Revolution Is Accelerating Innovation, Driving Productivity, and Irreversibly Transforming Employment and the Economy\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "New Delhi",
"paragraph_text": "Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies. Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Torben Bernhard",
"paragraph_text": "Torben Bernhard (born March 5, 1983) is an American documentary filmmaker and rap artist originally from Kalamazoo, Michigan, and currently residing in Orem, Utah. Bernhard has written and directed documentary films and has additionally worked as a producer and cinematographer. He is part of the OHO Media film collective with his wife Marissa Bernhard and frequent collaborator Travis Low.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Variety Girl",
"paragraph_text": "Variety Girl is a 1947 American musical comedy film directed by George Marshall and starring Mary Hatcher, Olga San Juan, DeForest Kelley, Frank Ferguson, Glenn Tryon, Nella Walker, Torben Meyer, Jack Norton, and William Demarest. It was produced by Paramount Pictures. Numerous Paramount contract players and directors make cameos or perform songs, with particularly large amounts of screen time featuring Bob Hope and Bing Crosby.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Affirmative action in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The National Conference of State Legislatures held in Washington D.C. stated in a 2014 overview that many supporters for affirmative action argue that policies stemming from affirmative action help to open doors for historically excluded groups in workplace settings and higher education. Workplace diversity has become a business management concept in which employers actively seek to promote an inclusive workplace. By valuing diversity, employers have the capacity to create an environment in which there is a culture of respect for individual differences as well as the ability to draw in talent and ideas from all segments of the population. By creating this diverse workforce, these employers and companies gain a competitive advantage in an increasingly global economy. According to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, many private sector employers have concluded that a diverse workforce makes a \"company stronger, more profitable, and a better place to work.\" Therefore, these diversity promoting policies are implemented for competitive reasons rather than as a response to discrimination, but have shown the value in having diversity.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Tuvalu",
"paragraph_text": "New Zealand has an annual quota of 75 Tuvaluans granted work permits under the Pacific Access Category, as announced in 2001. The applicants register for the Pacific Access Category (PAC) ballots; the primary criteria is that the principal applicant must have a job offer from a New Zealand employer. Tuvaluans also have access to seasonal employment in the horticulture and viticulture industries in New Zealand under the Recognised Seasonal Employer (RSE) Work Policy introduced in 2007 allowing for employment of up to 5,000 workers from Tuvalu and other Pacific islands. Tuvaluans can participate in the Australian Pacific Seasonal Worker Program, which allows Pacific Islanders to obtain seasonal employment in the Australian agriculture industry, in particular cotton and cane operations; fishing industry, in particular aquaculture; and with accommodation providers in the tourism industry.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Limon, Colorado",
"paragraph_text": "The Town of Limon is the Statutory Town that is the most populous municipality in Lincoln County, Colorado, United States. The population was 1880 at the 2010 United States Census. Limon has been called the \"Hub City\" of Eastern Colorado because Interstate 70, U.S. Highways 24, 40, and 287, and State Highways 71 and 86 all pass through or near the town. The Limon Correctional Facility is part of the Colorado Department of Corrections system and is a major employer in the area with employment of roughly 350.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board",
"paragraph_text": "The Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board (CEIFB) was a Crown corporation of the Government of Canada, created in 2008, that began its operations in 2010 and was dissolved in 2013. As a parent Crown corporation, under Part X of the Financial Administration Act, CEIFB reported to Parliament through the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin",
"paragraph_text": "The drinking age in Wisconsin is 21. Those under the legal drinking age may be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Torben Grodal",
"paragraph_text": "Torben Grodal is an author and professor emeritus of Film and Media studies at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. Grodal was born on 25 January 1943 in Holbæk, Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "History of health care reform in the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Following the world war, President Harry Truman called for universal health care as a part of his Fair Deal in 1949 but strong opposition stopped that part of the Fair Deal. However, in 1946 the National Mental Health Act was passed, as was the Hospital Survey and Construction Act, or Hill - Burton Act. In 1951 the IRS declared group premiums paid by employers as a tax - deductible business expense, which solidified the third - party insurance companies' place as primary providers of access to health care in the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Equal Pay Act 1970",
"paragraph_text": "The Equal Pay Act 1970 is an Act of the United Kingdom Parliament which prohibits any less favourable treatment between men and women in terms of pay and conditions of employment. The Act has now been mostly superseded by Part 5, chapter 3, of the Equality Act 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is the main research library at the place where Torben Grodal is employed?
|
[
{
"id": 155419,
"question": "What is Torben Grodal's place of employment?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__123096_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "S. Peter Cowe",
"paragraph_text": "S. Peter Cowe is Narekatsi Professor of Armenian Studies at UCLA and has taught at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, University of Chicago, and Columbia University. He is also a writer, researcher.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Phuti Mahanyele",
"paragraph_text": "Phuti Mahanyele left Johannesburg, South Africa at age 17 to attend Douglass College (part of Rutgers University) in the United States. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Economics in 1993. In 1996 she earned an MBA from De Montfort University. In 2008, Mahanyele completed Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government executive education program \"Global Leadership and Public Policy for the 21st Century\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "David Ebersman",
"paragraph_text": "David Ebersman attended the Trinity School in New York City, graduating in 1987. He then went on to attend Brown University and graduated in June 1991 with a AB in International Relations and Economics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Jackalyne Pfannenstiel",
"paragraph_text": "Jackalyne Pfannenstiel was educated at Clark University, receiving a B.A. in Economics. She then attended the University of Hartford, receiving an M.A. in Economics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Niels Thorkild Rovsing",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Thorkild Rovsing (26 April 1862, Flensborg – 14 January 1927, Copenhagen) was a Danish surgeon remembered for describing Rovsing's sign.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Niels Peter Lemche",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Peter Lemche (born 6 September 1945) is a biblical scholar at the University of Copenhagen, whose interests include early Israel and its relationship with history, the Old Testament, and archaeology.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Flatliners",
"paragraph_text": "Flatliners is a 1990 American science fiction psychological horror film directed by Joel Schumacher, produced by Michael Douglas and Rick Bieber, and written by Peter Filardi. It stars Kiefer Sutherland, Julia Roberts, William Baldwin, Oliver Platt, and Kevin Bacon. The film is about five medical students who attempt to find out what lies beyond death by conducting clandestine experiments that produce near - death experiences. The film was shot on the campus of Loyola University (Chicago) between October 1989 and January 1990, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Editing in 1990 (Charles L. Campbell and Richard C. Franklin). The film was theatrically released on August 10, 1990, by Columbia Pictures. It grossed $61 million at the box office. A remake, directed by Danish filmmaker Niels Arden Oplev, was released in September 2017.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Niels Bohr",
"paragraph_text": "Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy, and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the existence of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the element bohrium was named after him.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Peter Coles",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Coles (born 1963) is a theoretical cosmologist at Cardiff University and Maynooth University. He was formerly the head of the School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences at the University of Sussex.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Johannes Forchhammer",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Copenhagen as a son of Johan Georg Forchhammer. He was a nephew of August Friedrich Wilhelm Forchhammer. He finished his secondary education in 1843, and completed the cand.philol. degree in 1848. He took the magistratus degree in 1852, and then studied for a period in Italy. He was a part of a Nordic intellectual group here, which included Julius Middelthun, Christoffer Borch, Johan Peter Weisse and Niels Ravnkilde.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Simple Complex",
"paragraph_text": "Simple Complex is a jazz album of original compositions by Pianist Jon Weber, featuring an unusual ensemble of well-known musicians. Simple Complex was released in 2004 to international critical acclaim. The album featured Weber on piano, drummer Mark Walker, Eric Alexander on sax, trumpeters Diego Urcola and Roy Hargrove, bassists Avishai Cohen, the late Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, Peter Washington and Gary Burton on vibraphone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Niels Blach",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Svend Blach (December 6, 1893 – December 10, 1979) was a Danish field hockey player who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Forgetting Sarah Marshall",
"paragraph_text": "He flies back to Los Angeles and after a period of sadness and self - loathing, he begins working on his Dracula puppet comedy - rock opera, A Taste for Love. He sends an invitation to Rachel for the opening night performance. Although extremely hesitant at first, Rachel eventually decides to attend. After the performance Rachel congratulates Peter and tells him she's looking into attending school in the area. She leaves so Peter can bask in the success of his show, but quickly returns to Peter's dressing room to tell him she misses him. Peter tells her that he has missed her, too. The film ends as they embrace and kiss.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Saint Peter and Paul Cathedral, Lutsk",
"paragraph_text": "The Saint Peter and Paul Cathedral and its Jesuit college are national landmarks in Lutsk. The church and college were built for the Society of Jesus of Lutsk in the 17th century. The cathedral is the main church in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Lutsk, the college part of the National university of Food Technologies.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Nils Bertelsen",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Berhtelsen (29 September 1879 – 5 October 1958) was a Norwegian sailor who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Johannes du Plessis",
"paragraph_text": "Johannes du Plessis attended seminary in the University of Stellenbosch in South Africa and later the University of Edinburgh in Scotland, graduating with a doctorate in theology. In 1894, du Plessis was ordained a minister in the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC); he would become general secretary for Mission in 1903. He traveled working as a missionary across sub-Saharan Africa as part of his duties. In 1913, he was appointed professor of Christian mission (and later, of New Testament) at the University of Stellenbosch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Andy Gambucci",
"paragraph_text": "Andre Peter \"Andy\" Gambucci (November 12, 1928 – September 24, 2016) was an American ice hockey player. He won a silver medal at the 1952 Winter Olympics. He was born in Eveleth, Minnesota and attended Colorado College.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Morten Helveg Petersen",
"paragraph_text": "The son of former Danish foreign minister Niels Helveg Petersen and brother of former minister Rasmus Helveg Petersen, Morten Helveg Petersen grew up in Denmark and in Brussels where he attended the European School, Brussels I from 1974 to 1977. His paternal grandparents were former minister Kristen Helveg Petersen and former mayor of Copenhagen Lilly Helveg Petersen. He got a Master of Science degree in economics from the University of Copenhagen in 1992.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Abel's theorem",
"paragraph_text": "In mathematics, Abel's theorem for power series relates a limit of a power series to the sum of its coefficients. It is named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What library is part of the university Niels Peter Lemche attended?
|
[
{
"id": 123096,
"question": "What university did Niels Peter Lemche attend?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__121501_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Morten Thorsby",
"paragraph_text": "Morten Thorsby (born 5 May 1996) is a Norwegian footballer who currently plays for Serie A side Sampdoria as a midfielder.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Morten Søndergaard",
"paragraph_text": "From 1989 to 1991, Morten Søndergaard attended the Danish Writer's school (Forfatterskolen) in Copenhagen, and obtained his MA in comparative literature at the University of Copenhagen in 1995. From 2002 to 2008 he co-edited the literary magazine \"Hvedekorn\" with Thomas Thøfner, and also co-founded the poetry magazine \"Øverste Kirurgiske\" (Upper surgery). In 2003 and again in 2007 he was nominated for the Nordic Council Literature Prize. He has since 1998 been living in Italy, first in the town Vinci, Tuscany, then in Pietrasanta. Søndergaard used his time in Italy as the basis for two of his works, \"Vinci, Senere\" and \"Processen og det halve kongerige\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Maurice Canning Wilks",
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Canning Wilks (1910–1984) was an Irish landscape painter. Born in Belfast in 1910 to a linen designer, he was educated in Belfast at the Malone Public School and attended evening classes at the Belfast College of Art. While attending college he was awarded the Dunville Scholarship allowing him to attend day classes. He went on to exhibit at the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) in Dublin where he would one day become an associate member. He was also elected a full member of the Royal Ulster Academy (RUA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Henry Thacker",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Guybon Atherstone",
"paragraph_text": "Atherstone was the son of William Guybon Atherstone (medical practitioner, naturalist, geologist and MP) and was born in Grahamstown on 20 June 1843, he attended St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown and King's College London where he qualified as a civil engineer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery",
"paragraph_text": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of \"War Boy\" and \"What We Do Is Secret\", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Gene Hiser",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played on the baseball team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Phuti Mahanyele",
"paragraph_text": "Phuti Mahanyele left Johannesburg, South Africa at age 17 to attend Douglass College (part of Rutgers University) in the United States. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Economics in 1993. In 1996 she earned an MBA from De Montfort University. In 2008, Mahanyele completed Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government executive education program \"Global Leadership and Public Policy for the 21st Century\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ross Leckie",
"paragraph_text": "Ross Leckie attended Drumtochty Castle Preparatory School and Fettes College; at Fettes he gained his interest in classical literature. He studied classics at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he was also President of the Junior Common Room.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Doc Powell",
"paragraph_text": "Doc Powell is an American jazz guitarist and composer. He was born and raised in Spring Valley, New York. He attended college at University of Charleston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Antonia Maury",
"paragraph_text": "Antonia Maury attended Vassar College, graduating in 1887 with honors in physics, astronomy, and philosophy. There, she studied under the tutelage of renowned astronomer Maria Mitchell.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Class reunion",
"paragraph_text": "A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Stephen Bann",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Bann CBE, FBA (born 1 August 1942 in Manchester, England) is the Emeritus Professor of History of Art at the University of Bristol. He attended Winchester College and King's College, Cambridge, attaining his PhD in 1967.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Stephen Curry",
"paragraph_text": "Following Dell's retirement, the family moved back to Charlotte and Curry enrolled at Charlotte Christian School, where he was named all - conference, all - state, and led his team to three conference titles and three state playoff appearances. Because of his father's storied career at Virginia Tech, Curry wanted to play college basketball for the Hokies, but was only offered a walk - on spot due in part to his slender 160 - pound frame. He ultimately chose to attend Davidson College, who had aggressively recruited him from the tenth grade.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Igerna Sollas",
"paragraph_text": "Igerna Sollas was born 16 March 1877 in the town of Dawlish at Devon, the daughter of geologist William Johnson Sollas and his first wife Helen. She received an early education at Alexandra School and College in Dublin, and then attended Newnham College, Cambridge on a Gilchrist scholarship in 1897, where she took first class honours in both part I and part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos exam, completing a zoology degree in 1901. She held the position of lecturer in zoology at Newnham from 1903 to 1913, save for the period 1904 to 1906 when she was a Newnham college research fellow.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Robert Linn (composer)",
"paragraph_text": "Robert Linn (August 11, 1925 – October 28, 1999) was an American composer and an educator at the University of Southern California. His notable students there included Morten Lauridsen, Billy Childs, and Donald Crockett.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Marc Garneau",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau was born on February 23, 1949, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. He attended primary and secondary schools in Quebec City and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering Physics from the Royal Military College of Canada in 1970, and in 1973 received a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering from the Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. From 1982 to 1983, he attended the Canadian Forces College in Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Steven Gerber",
"paragraph_text": "Steven Roy Gerber (September 28, 1948 – May 28, 2015) was an American composer of classical music. He attended Haverford College, graduating in 1969 at the age of twenty. He then attended Princeton University with a fellowship to study musical composition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Morten Helveg Petersen",
"paragraph_text": "The son of former Danish foreign minister Niels Helveg Petersen and brother of former minister Rasmus Helveg Petersen, Morten Helveg Petersen grew up in Denmark and in Brussels where he attended the European School, Brussels I from 1974 to 1977. His paternal grandparents were former minister Kristen Helveg Petersen and former mayor of Copenhagen Lilly Helveg Petersen. He got a Master of Science degree in economics from the University of Copenhagen in 1992.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is part of Morten Søndergaard's alma mater?
|
[
{
"id": 121501,
"question": "The college Morten Søndergaard attended was what?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__149881_511442
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Lucy (novel)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Lucy\" retains the critical tone of \"A Small Place\" but simplifies the style of Kincaid's earlier work by using less repetition and surrealism. The first of her books set completely outside the Caribbean, \"Lucy\", like most of Kincaid's writing, has a strong autobiographical basis. The novel's protagonist, Lucy Josephine Potter, shares one of Kincaid's given names and her birthday. Like Kincaid, Lucy leaves the Caribbean to become an au pair in a large American city. At nineteen, Lucy is older than previous Kincaid protagonists, which lends the book a more mature and cynical perspective than in her previous fiction. Still, Lucy has pangs of homesickness and unresolved feelings about her mother, and she has never lived on her own or seen much of the world. With plenty of room for growth and Lucy becoming a photographer, the story takes the form of a \"künstlerroman\", a novel in which an artist matures.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Harker's fiancée, Mina Murray, is staying with her friend Lucy Westenra, who is holidaying in Whitby. Lucy receives three marriage proposals from Dr. John Seward, Quincey Morris, and Arthur Holmwood (the son of Lord Godalming who later obtains the title himself). Lucy accepts Holmwood's proposal while turning down Seward and Morris, but all remain friends. Dracula communicates with Seward's patient, Renfield, an insane man who wishes to consume insects, spiders, birds, and rats to absorb their \"life force\". Renfield is able to detect Dracula's presence and supplies clues accordingly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Fielding Dawson",
"paragraph_text": "Fielding Dawson (August 2, 1930 – January 5, 2002) was a Beat-era author of short stories and novels, and a student at Black Mountain College. He was also a painter and collagist whose works were seen in several books of poetry and many literary magazines.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Richard Keith (actor)",
"paragraph_text": "Keith Thibodeaux (born December 1, 1950) is a former American child actor of television and film and musician, best known for playing Little Ricky on the television sitcom's I Love Lucy and The Lucy - Desi Comedy Hour, his last name ``Thibodeaux ''which was Cajun French was changed by co-star Desi Arnaz, to`` Keith'' because his surname was more difficult to pronounce. He is the last living regular appearing cast member from I Love Lucy",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Richard Keith (actor)",
"paragraph_text": "Keith Thibodeaux (born December 1, 1950) is a former American child actor of television and film and musician, best known for playing Little Ricky on the television sitcom's I Love Lucy and The Lucy - Desi Comedy Hour, his last name ``Thibodeaux ''which was Cajun French was changed by co-star Desi Arnaz, to`` Keith'' because his surname was more difficult to pronounce. He is the last living regular appearing cast member from I Love Lucy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Lucy Cotton",
"paragraph_text": "Lucy Cotton (August 29, 1895-12 December 1948) was an American actress who appeared in 12 films between 1910 and 1921.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Charlie's Angels (disambiguation)",
"paragraph_text": "The film was directed by McG, adapted by screenwriters Ryan Rowe, Ed Solomon and John August, and starred Cameron Diaz, Drew Barrymore and Lucy Liu as three women working in a private detective agency in Los Angeles. John Forsythe reprised his role as the unseen Charlie's voice from the original series. Making cameo appearances are Tom Green (who was dating Barrymore at the time of production) and LL Cool J.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Anne of Avonlea",
"paragraph_text": "Anne of Avonlea First edition Author Lucy Maud Montgomery Country Canada Language English Series Anne of Green Gables Genre Children's novel Publisher L.C. Page & Co. Publication date 1909 Preceded by Anne of Green Gables Followed by Anne of the Island",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Dracula (1996 play)",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an adaptation, first published in 1996, by American playwright Steven Dietz of Bram Stoker's novel by the same name. Though it has never run on Broadway, the author lists it among his most financially successful works, and it is frequently performed near Halloween in regional and community theaters. Closely following the plot of the novel, the play chronicles Count Dracula's journey to England, his stalking of two young women, and his pursuit and eventual defeat by the heroines' suitors and their associates.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Lucy Westenra",
"paragraph_text": "Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the novel \"Dracula\" (1897) by Bram Stoker. She is introduced as Mina Murray's best friend, the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family. Her father is mentioned in the novel when Mina says he was a sleepwalker, and her elderly mother is simply stated as being Mrs. Westenra. In the 1931 Universal production, she is called Lucy Weston. In the 1958 film \"Dracula\", she is called Lucy Holmwood, Arthur Holmwood's sister, who is engaged to Jonathan Harker.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "List of EastEnders characters (1985)",
"paragraph_text": "The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera EastEnders in 1985, by order of first appearance. They were all introduced by executive producer Julia Smith. The first episode of EastEnders was broadcast on 19 February 1985, and twenty - three main characters were already created for their first appearance. The first character to be seen was Den Watts, followed by Ali Osman and then Arthur Fowler, all of whom find Reg Cox dying in his flat. Ethel Skinner, Harold Legg and Pauline Fowler appear, after Den alerts them of Reg's death. With Ethel is her pug Willy along with Lou Beale. Saeed and Naima Jeffery are seen working in the local shop whilst Angie Watts is seen in The Queen Victoria, Walford's local pub. Nick Cotton and Sue Osman are next seen, whilst Pete and Kathy Beale work at the fruit and veg stall and Hassan Osman is seen with his parents in the café. Sharon Watts, Ian Beale and Michelle Fowler are next seen and Mark Fowler is seen going into the bookies. Lastly, Roly the dog is seen in the pub when a fight breaks out.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Emily of New Moon",
"paragraph_text": "Emily of New Moon is the first in a series of novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery about an orphan girl growing up in Canada. It is similar to the author's \"Anne of Green Gables\" series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Alma Reville",
"paragraph_text": "Alma Lucy Reville, Lady Hitchcock (14 August 1899 – 6 July 1982), was an English-American screenwriter and editor, best known for her work with Alfred Hitchcock, whom she married in December 1926.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Hayley Sings Japanese Songs",
"paragraph_text": "Hayley Sings Japanese Songs is an album by Christchurch, New Zealand soprano Hayley Westenra. The album contains Westenra's interpretations of traditional and popular contemporary Japanese songs. Some of the songs have been translated into English while others were kept in Japanese.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Gale Gordon",
"paragraph_text": "Gale Gordon (born Charles Thomas Aldrich, Jr., February 20, 1906 -- June 30, 1995) was an American character actor perhaps best remembered as Lucille Ball's longtime television foil -- and particularly as cantankerously combustible, tightfisted bank executive Theodore J. Mooney, on Ball's second television situation comedy, The Lucy Show. Gordon also appeared in I Love Lucy and had starring roles in Ball's successful third series Here's Lucy and her short - lived fourth and final series Life with Lucy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bruno Meissner",
"paragraph_text": "From 1904 to 1921 Meissner was professor at the University of Breslau, then from 1921 professor of assyriology at the University of Berlin. His main work on Babylonian and Assyrian cuneiform texts appeared in 1920 and 1925 in two volumes. He also authored a major text with Dietrich Opitz on the palace of Nineveh.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Ginette Leclerc",
"paragraph_text": "Ginette Leclerc (9 February 1912 – 2 January 1992) was a French film actress. She appeared in nearly 90 films between 1932 and 1978. Her last TV appearance was in 1981. She was born Geneviève Lucie Menut in Paris, France and died in Paris. She was married to the actor Lucien Gallas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Lucy (Lucy Wainwright Roche album)",
"paragraph_text": "Lucy is the debut studio album by American folk musician Lucy Wainwright Roche, released on October 26, 2010 on Strike Back Records. Produced by Stewart Lerman, the album features appearances from Roche's father Loudon Wainwright III, The Roches, Steuart Smith, David Mansfield and Kelly Hogan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Joan Bernott",
"paragraph_text": "Joan Bernott is an American author of short science fiction whose work has appeared in the anthologies\" Again, Dangerous Visions\" and\" Cassandra Rising\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Laird Plateau",
"paragraph_text": "Laird Plateau () is a small plateau, over above sea level, standing northwest of Mount Hayter on the north side of the head of Lucy Glacier, Antarctica. It was seen by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (1964–65) and was named for Malcolm G. Laird, the leader of this geological party to the area, as was also Cape Laird.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the author of the 1996 adaptation of the novel in which Lucy Wetenra appears?
|
[
{
"id": 149881,
"question": "The appearance of Lucy Westenra is seen in what work?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 9
},
{
"id": 511442,
"question": "#1 >> author",
"answer": "Steven Dietz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Steven Dietz
|
[] | true |
2hop__65856_830306
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Military history of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "The United States originally wished to remain neutral when World War I broke out in August 1914. However, it insisted on its right as a neutral party to immunity from German submarine attack, even though its ships carried food and raw materials to Britain. In 1917 the Germans resumed submarine attacks, knowing that it would lead to American entry. When the U.S declared war, the U.S. army was still small by European standards and mobilization would take a year. Meanwhile, the U.S. continued to provide supplies and money to Britain and France, and initiated the first peacetime draft. Industrial mobilization took longer than expected, so divisions were sent to Europe without equipment, relying instead on the British and French to supply them.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Voice Sverige",
"paragraph_text": "The Voice Sverige (\"The Voice Sweden\") is the Swedish version of the singing competition \"The Voice of Holland\". \"The Voice Sweden\" premiered in early January 2012 with its first season. The host was Carina Berg and judges were the singers Carola Häggkvist, Magnus Uggla, Ola Salo and rapper Petter. In January 2013, TV4 announced that \"Idol\", another singing talent show seeking to discover the best singer through nationwide auditions, would return in 2013 and that \"The Voice Sverige\" would not continue.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "I Am My Brother's Keeper",
"paragraph_text": "I Am My Brother's Keeper is a 1970 album by Motown vocalists and siblings Jimmy Ruffin and David Ruffin, credited as \"The Ruffin Brothers\". The album includes the singles \"Stand by Me\" and \"When My Love Hand Comes Down\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)",
"paragraph_text": "The song features drummer Gerry Polci on lead vocals, with the usual lead Frankie Valli singing the bridge sections and backing vocals, and bass player Don Ciccone (former lead singer of The Critters) singing the falsetto part (And I felt a rush like a rolling ball of thunder / Spinning my head around and taking my body under).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Every Storm (Runs Out of Rain)",
"paragraph_text": "The song is a mid-tempo mainly accompanied by electric guitar. In it, the narrator expresses hope on situations improving, saying that ``every storm runs out of rain ''. It is in the key of C major with a main chord pattern of Am - F-C-G / D. Co-writer Hillary Lindsey sings backing vocals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "I Wish It Would Rain Down",
"paragraph_text": "``I Wish It Would Rain Down ''is a song by Phil Collins from his 1989 album... But Seriously, featuring lead guitar by Eric Clapton. The song was a significant chart hit in 1990, peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States and No. 1 on the RPM Top 100 in Canada. It also reached No. 7 on the UK Singles Chart. Collins felt that it was as close as he had ever gotten at the time to writing a blues song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Wish You Were Here (Pink Floyd song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Wish You Were Here ''is the title track on Pink Floyd's 1975 album Wish You Were Here. Like most of the album, it refers to former Pink Floyd member Syd Barrett and his breakdown. David Gilmour and Roger Waters collaborated to write the music, and Gilmour sang the lead vocal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "And Then There Were None",
"paragraph_text": "In the confession, Justice Wargrave writes that he has long wished to set an unsolvable puzzle of murder. His victims would be of his choosing, as they were not found guilty in a trial. He explains how he tricked Dr Armstrong into helping him fake his own death under the pretext that it would help the group identify the killer. He also explains that he replaced the chair in Vera's room. Finally, he reveals how he used the gun and some elastic to ensure his own death matched the account in the guests' diaries. Although he wished to create an unsolvable mystery, he acknowledges in the missive a ``pitiful human need ''for recognition, hence the confession.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Fooled Around and Fell in Love",
"paragraph_text": "``Fooled Around and Fell in Love ''is a single written and performed by blues guitarist Elvin Bishop. It appeared on his 1975 album Struttin 'My Stuff and was released as a single the following year. Bishop does not sing lead vocals on the track; feeling that his gravelly voice would n't do the song justice, he invited vocalist Mickey Thomas, who was a background singer in his band at the time, to sing it. The song peaked at # 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart in May 1976. The record was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on June 23, 1976. In Canada, the song reached number 22 on the singles chart and number 8 on the Adult Contemporary chart. The song became a Gold record.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "I Wish It Would Rain Down",
"paragraph_text": "``I Wish It Would Rain Down ''is a song by Phil Collins from his 1989 album... But Seriously, featuring lead guitar by Eric Clapton. The song was a significant chart hit in 1990, peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States and No. 1on the RPM Top 100 in Canada. It also reached No. 7 on the UK Singles Chart. Collins felt that it was as close as he had ever gotten at the time to writing a blues song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Rains of Castamere (song)",
"paragraph_text": "In the TV series, the song was first heard when Tyrion Lannister whistled a small part in the first episode of the second season. An instrumental version can be heard during Tyrion's speech right after King Joffrey abandons the battlefield in the same episode. In season 2 episode 9, there is a scene Bronn is singing ``The Rains of Castamere ''among the Lannisters soldiers. When one of the soldiers ask him`` Where'd you learn the Lannister song?'' Bronn replies ``Drunk Lannisters. ''The season 2 soundtrack contains a rendition of the song`` The Rains of Castamere'' by the indie rock band The National, sung by their vocalist Matt Berninger. On the published track list, the title is spelled ``The Rains of Castomere ''rather than`` Castamere'' as in the novels. The spelling is corrected on the printed listing on the liner notes that come with the disc. It was played over the end credits of the ninth episode, ``Blackwater ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Looking Through Your Eyes",
"paragraph_text": "\"Looking Through Your Eyes\" is the lead single for the by American country pop recording artist LeAnn Rimes. The song placed at number four on the Adult Contemporary charts, number 18 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, and number 38 in the UK. The song was also featured on Rimes' album \"Sittin' on Top of the World\". The song was performed on screen as a duet by The Corrs with Bryan White. Andrea Corr provided the singing voice for the female lead of Kayley and Bryan White provided the singing voice for the male lead of Garrett. It was also performed by David Foster as an instrumental on the soundtrack.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Legendary Siblings",
"paragraph_text": "The Legendary Siblings is a Taiwanese television series adapted from Gu Long's novel \"Juedai Shuangjiao\". The series was directed by Lee Kwok-lap and starred Jimmy Lin and Alec Su in the leading roles. It was first broadcast on TTV in Taiwan in 1999 and was followed by \"The Legendary Siblings 2\" in 2002.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Blueberry Hill (song)",
"paragraph_text": "In the popular 1970s sitcom Happy Days, set in the 1950s, lead character Richie Cunningham, played by Ron Howard, would often sing ``I found my thrill... ''(the first line of Domino's 1950s version of`` Blueberry Hill'') in reference to pretty girls he dated or wanted to date.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Now I Know",
"paragraph_text": "\"Now I Know\" is a song written by Cindy Greene, Don Cook, and Chick Rains, and recorded by American country music artist Lari White. It was released in September 1994 as the second single from the album \"Wishes\". The song reached number 5 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Wish I Didn't Love You",
"paragraph_text": "``Wish I Did n't Love You ''is a song by American singer Chloe Kohanski. It is Kohanski's coronation single following her victory on the thirteenth season of the singing competition The Voice. The song debuted and peaked at number sixty - nine on Billboard Hot 100 for the chart dated January 6, 2018.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Home Alone",
"paragraph_text": "The McCallister family is preparing to spend Christmas in Paris, gathering at Peter and Kate's home outside of Chicago on the night before their departure. Peter and Kate's youngest son, eight - year - old Kevin, is being ridiculed by his siblings and cousins. A fight with his older brother, Buzz, results in Kevin getting sent to the third floor of the house for punishment, where he wishes that his family would disappear. During the night, heavy winds cause damage to power lines, which causes a temporary power outage and resets the alarm clocks, causing the entire family to oversleep. In the confusion and rush to get to the airport, Kevin is accidentally left behind.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Run of the House",
"paragraph_text": "Run of the House is a sitcom on The WB, that aired between September 2003 and May 2004. Nineteen episodes were produced but only sixteen were aired before the show was cancelled. The show was about a family of four siblings, whose parents moved from Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Arizona, because the weather would be better there for their father's health. But they left the mostly-grown children to stay in their old house and look after themselves, with the 3 eldest siblings also having to deal with raising their 15-year-old sister, Brooke. There was also a nosy neighbor named Mrs. Norris who often popped in unannounced to check up on them.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "I Wish It Would Rain",
"paragraph_text": "The song is one of the most melancholy in the Temptations repertoire, with lead singer David Ruffin delivering, in a pained voice, the story of a heartbroken man who wants to hide his sorrow. His woman has just left him, and he wishes that it would start raining, to hide the tears falling down his face because ``a man ai n't supposed to cry ''. Accompanying Ruffin's mourning vocal are the vocals of his bandmates (Eddie Kendricks, Melvin Franklin, Paul Williams, and Otis Williams) alongside the subdued instrumentation of The Funk Brothers studio band, and, courtesy of Whitfield, sound effects depicting the`` sunshine and blue skies'', with the sound of chirping seagulls, and the sound of thunder and rain described in the song. Producer Norman Whitfield devised much of the musical structure of the song, with former Motown artist Barrett Strong composing the song's signature piano intro on a piano with only ten working keys. Motown staff writer Roger Penzabene provided the song's lyrics.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who is the brother of the lead singer of I Wish It Would Rain?
|
[
{
"id": 65856,
"question": "who sings lead on i wish it would rain",
"answer": "David Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 830306,
"question": "#1 >> sibling",
"answer": "Jimmy Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Jimmy Ruffin
|
[] | true |
2hop__144613_162393
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Tulita Airport",
"paragraph_text": "Tulita Airport is located adjacent to Tulita, Northwest Territories, Canada. The hours of operation is Monday to Friday from 9am to 5pm local time. The airport does operate outside of its operational hours when responding to MEDIVAC (air ambulance) call out.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "One Tough Mother",
"paragraph_text": "One Tough Mother is a box set of the unedited final two readings writer/poet Charles Bukowski ever gave, even through he lived and wrote for another 14 years. It includes interviews with the director of Bukowski documentary Born Into This, a short film of the 25th Anniversary of the Vancouver reading, and a short film of a celebration of Bukowski at the Huntington Library in California. It is produced by Dennis Del Torre and Jon Monday and directed by Jon Monday for mondayMEDIA distribution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Owensville, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Austin, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Kamela, Oregon",
"paragraph_text": "Kamela is an unincorporated community in Union County, Oregon, United States. It is located west of Interstate 84 about 20 miles northwest of La Grande.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Bolton, Massachusetts",
"paragraph_text": "Bolton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Bolton is in eastern Massachusetts, located 25 miles west-northwest of downtown Boston. The population was 4,897 at the 2010 census.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Sowers, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Prieta Mesa",
"paragraph_text": "Prieta Mesa is a large mesa located northwest of Albuquerque in Sandoval County, New Mexico. It is approximately 12 miles or 19.4 km long (north to south).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Marquette, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Marquette is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 46 kilometers (29 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "High on Crack Street: Lost Lives in Lowell",
"paragraph_text": "High on Crack Street: Lost Lives in Lowell is a 1995 American documentary film directed by Richard Farrell, Maryann DeLeo and Jon Alpert. It was a co-production of HBO and DCTV, produced by Farrell, DeLeo, and Alpert. It aired on HBO as part of its series \"America Undercover\". The documentary takes place about 30 miles northwest of Boston in the economically depressed former mill city of Lowell, Massachusetts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Woodlands, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jon Monday",
"paragraph_text": "Jon Monday (born 1947 in San Jose, California) is an American producer and distributor of CDs and DVDs across an eclectic range of material such as Swami Prabhavananda, Aldous Huxley, Christopher Isherwood, Huston Smith, Chalmers Johnson, and Charles Bukowski. Monday directed and co-produced with Jennifer Douglas the feature-length documentary \"Save KLSD: Media Consolidation and Local Radio\". He is also President of Benchmark Recordings, which owns and distributes the early catalog of The Fabulous Thunderbirds CDs and a live recording of Mike Bloomfield.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Stanford University",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Marblehead Harbor",
"paragraph_text": "Marblehead Harbor is a harbor located in Marblehead, Massachusetts, 17 miles northeast of Boston. It is considered the birthplace of the Continental Navy, forerunner of the United States Navy, and of United States Marine Corps Aviation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "High Hill, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "High Hill is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Farm Road 2672, three miles northwest of Schulenburg, Texas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Pod Save America",
"paragraph_text": "Pod Save America is an American progressive political podcast produced and distributed by Crooked Media. The podcast debuted in January 2017 and airs twice weekly, with the Monday edition hosted by former Barack Obama staffers Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor and Jon Lovett, and the Thursday edition by Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Storck Barracks",
"paragraph_text": "Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Hockley, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many miles northwest of Jon Monday's birthplace is Stanford University located?
|
[
{
"id": 144613,
"question": "What is the birthplace of Jon Monday?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 162393,
"question": "How many miles northwest of #1 is it located?",
"answer": "20 miles",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
20 miles
|
[] | true |
2hop__121527_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "His Butler's Sister",
"paragraph_text": "His Butler's Sister is a 1943 American romantic comedy film directed by Frank Borzage and starring Deanna Durbin. The supporting cast includes Franchot Tone, Pat O'Brien, Akim Tamiroff, Evelyn Ankers and Hans Conried. The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Recording (Bernard B. Brown).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?",
"paragraph_text": "\"Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?\" is the ninth episode of the fourth season of the animated television series \"South Park\", and 57th episode of the series overall. \"Do the Handicapped Go to Hell?\" originally aired in the United States on July 19, 2000 on Comedy Central. It is the first part of a two-part episode, which concludes in the following episode \"Probably\". It links the events and some of the characters of the \"\" into the animated series. This episode is rated TV-MA in the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Brooklyn College",
"paragraph_text": "Brooklyn College is a public college in Brooklyn, New York City. It is part of the City University of New York.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Peder Hjermann",
"paragraph_text": "Peder Hjermann (1 December 1754 – 25 December 1834) was a farmer and elected official who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Peder Anker",
"paragraph_text": "Peder Anker was a member of a Danish-Norwegian noble family. He was born in Christiania, the son of the wealthy merchant Christian Ancher. He had three brothers Iver (1745-1772), Bernt (1746-1805) and Jess (1753-1798). Following education in Christiania and a year as student at the University of Copenhagen, Peder Anker and his brothers spent five years traveling with private tutors in Great Britain, France, Germany, and Italy. They were pupils of the noted Swedish naturalist Carl von Linné at Uppsala University in 1764. He was granted Danish nobility in 1778 and was awarded the title of General War Commissioner in 1788.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Etter Rubicon",
"paragraph_text": "Etter Rubicon is a 1987 Norwegian thriller film directed by Leidulv Risan and starring Sverre Anker Ousdal and Toralv Maurstad. It was produced by Dag Alveberg and the film company Filmeffekt. The film is a political commentary about the Cold War and follows the aftermath of two children dying after a military exercise off the coast of Nordland and Troms.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "OK to Go",
"paragraph_text": "OK to Go is the fifth album by rock band Virginia Coalition. This was the first album after founding member Steve Dawson parted with the band. The album contains re-vamped versions of \"Rock and Roll Party\"'s \"Come and Go\" and \"Walk to Work\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint",
"paragraph_text": "Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint (21 June 1853 – 1 December 1930) was a Danish architect, designer, painter and architectural theorist, best known for designing Grundtvig's Church in Copenhagen, generally considered to be one of the most important Danish architectural works of the time. Its Expressionist style relies heavily on Scandinavian brick Gothic traditions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Kaare Klint",
"paragraph_text": "Kaare Klint was born on 15 December 1888 in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen, the son of Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint, then a struggling painter about to abandon his artistic career in place of a more secure career in architecture.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Independent College Dublin",
"paragraph_text": "Independent College Dublin is a college in Dublin, Ireland which offers courses at certificate, diploma, degree, and postgraduate levels, along with professional development courses. The college is part of, and supported by, the Independent News & Media plc group.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Western College, Stephenville, Newfoundland",
"paragraph_text": "Western College is a private career college located in Stephenville, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Founded in 1993, the college is a part of CompuCollege and an affiliate of Eastern College.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kolstad's Cabinet",
"paragraph_text": "Kolstad's Cabinet governed Norway from 12 May 1931 to 14 March 1932. The Farmers' Party cabinet was led by Prime Minister Peder Kolstad. It had the following composition:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Anker Kihle",
"paragraph_text": "Anker Kihle (19 April 1917 – 1 February 2000) was a Norwegian football goalkeeper who played for Norway in the 1938 FIFA World Cup. He was capped twice. He also played for Storm.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Frederik Ferdinand Friis",
"paragraph_text": "Frederik Ferdinand Friis was born in Copenhagen on 16 December 1793 to master builder and fountain master Peder Friis and Henriette Johanne née West. He was admitted to the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in 1814. He won small and large silver medals in 1815 and 1817, the small gold medal in 1821 for \"A military academy\", and finally the large gold medal for \"A custom house\" in 1825.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "John D. Lawson (scientist)",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Coventry and educated at Wolverhampton Grammar School before going on to St John's College, Cambridge, to study for the short (two year) Mechanical Sciences degree, including a special wartime radio course. He graduated BA in 1943 and then joined the Telecommunications Research Establishment, Malvern, where he was assigned to work on microwave antenna design as part of the ongoing work on development of radar.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "College of the Siskiyous",
"paragraph_text": "College of the Siskiyous (COS) is a public two-year community college with campuses located in Weed and Yreka in Siskiyou County in Northern California. It is part of the California Community Colleges System, serving as the northernmost college in the state of California and the only college in Siskiyou County. The college is in the service area of California State University, Chico and one of only eleven community colleges in California that provide on-campus housing for students.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "George Kaftan",
"paragraph_text": "George grew up in New York City and went to Xavier High School in Manhattan before going to Holy Cross for college. Though just 6'3\", Kaftan was the starting center for the College of the Holy Cross team that won the 1947 NCAA Basketball Tournament. In 1947 Kaftan also won Most Outstanding Player honors after averaging 21 points per game in three games.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "King City GO Station",
"paragraph_text": "King City GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in King City, Ontario in Canada. It also serves the nearby communities of Nobleton, Oak Ridges, the northern parts of Maple (in Vaughan), and other communities in King Township. It is a stop on the Barrie line train service.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Peder Rosenstand-Goiske",
"paragraph_text": "Peder Rosenstand-Goiske (1752 – February 6, 1803) was a Danish playwright and lawyer. As a 19-year-old student in October 1771 he anonymously published the first issue of \"Den Dramatiske Journal\" (\"The Dramatic Journal\"), the oldest Danish theater magazine.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What library is part of the college that Peder Anker went to?
|
[
{
"id": 121527,
"question": "What college did Peder Anker go to?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__156189_83374
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Doonby",
"paragraph_text": "Sam Doonby (John Schneider) is a mysterious drifter who gets off a bus one afternoon in a small Texas town to change and improve the lives of all he comes in contact with. It is a story of greed and envy, played out against the backdrop of the classic country and blues music that is performed in Leroy’s Bar. The film has been described by the producers as \"Crazy Heart\"-meets-\"It's A Wonderful Life\", while Schneider described it as \"\"It's A Wonderful Life\" without the Wonderful.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story is a 1995 American computer - animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The directorial debut of John Lasseter, Toy Story was the first feature - length computer - animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar. Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old - fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, based on a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive - produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Only Place",
"paragraph_text": "The Only Place is the second studio album by American indie rock duo Best Coast, released on May 15, 2012 by Mexican Summer. Produced by Jon Brion, the album was recorded at Capitol Studios in Los Angeles, California. The album was primarily inspired by the upheaval following the unexpected success of \"Crazy for You\". To this end, the duo attempted to distance themselves from the lo-fi aesthetic of their first release by working with producer Jon Brion. Recorded at Capitol Studios in Los Angeles, \"The Only Place\" was inspired by 1960s country music and Fleetwood Mac.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "List of Pixar films",
"paragraph_text": "As of 000000002017 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2017, Pixar has released 19 feature films, which were all released under the Walt Disney Pictures banner. The company produced its first feature - length film, Toy Story, in 1995. Their second production, A Bug's Life, was released in 1998, followed by their first sequel, Toy Story 2, in 1999. With the exception of Cars 2 (2011), fifteen of the following sixteen features were all critically successful. Pixar had two releases in a single year twice: Inside Out and The Good Dinosaur in 2015 and Cars 3 and Coco in 2017.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Toy Shop",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Shop is a simulation/role-playing video game video game developed by Portuguese team Seed Studios and published by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It is often compared to the Story of Seasons series but with a Toy Shop theme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "(Don't Fear) The Reaper",
"paragraph_text": "The song features prominent use of the cowbell percussion instrument, overdubbed on the original recording. Bassist Joe Bouchard remembered the producer requesting his brother, drummer Albert Bouchard, play the cowbell: ``Albert thought he was crazy. But he put all this tape around a cowbell and played it. It really pulled the track together. ''However, producer David Lucas says that he played it, a claim supported by guitarist Eric Bloom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He played Cliff Clavin in the TV show Cheers, for which he earned two Emmy nominations, and plays voice roles in Pixar Animation Studios' films, including Hamm in the Toy Story franchise, The Underminer in The Incredibles franchise, and Mack in the Cars franchise. He is the only actor to appear in all of Pixar's feature films, and with minor appearances in major films such as Superman and The Empire Strikes Back, he is one of the most successful actors of all time in terms of box - office receipts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Crazy on the Outside",
"paragraph_text": "Crazy on the Outside is a 2010 American comedy film starring and directed by Tim Allen. The film marks Allen's feature film directorial debut, and is notable for reuniting Allen with co-stars from many of his previous films (Sigourney Weaver from \"Galaxy Quest\", Ray Liotta from \"Wild Hogs\", Kelsey Grammer from \"Toy Story 2\" and Julie Bowen from \"Joe Somebody\").",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "No Man's Land (Lene Lovich album)",
"paragraph_text": "No Man's Land is the third studio album by Lene Lovich, released on November 13, 1982 by Stiff Records. It is her last album to be released on the Stiff Records label. The album is produced by Lovich and Les Chappell. It contains songs from her previously released extended play, \"New Toy\", since the album was planned to be already released in 1981, but was postponed following the disagreements with the record company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Toys \"R\" Us",
"paragraph_text": "Founded by Charles Lazarus in its modern incarnation in 1957, Toys ``R ''Us traced its origins to Lazarus's children's furniture store, which he started in 1948. He added toys to his offering, and eventually shifted his focus. The company had been in the toy business for more than 65 years and operated around 800 stores in the United States and around 800 outside the US, although these numbers have steadily decreased with time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Pistaccio Metallic",
"paragraph_text": "Unlike previous studio albums by TBF, \"Pistaccio Metallic\" was released by Dallas Records. It is also the first studio album that feature new drummer Janko Novoselić. He also played on their 2010 live album \"Perpetuum Fritule\". For the first time TBF recorded a studio album outside of their home town Split. The album was recorded in Novo Mesto in Slovenia at the RSL Studio. It is also the first time TBF produced a studio album themselves without an external producer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Teddy Ruxpin",
"paragraph_text": "From his debut in September 1985 various toy makers have produced Teddy Ruxpin over the years. The first was Worlds Of Wonder from 1985 until its bankruptcy in 1988. The toy's rights were then sold to Hasbro, and produced again from 1991 to 1996. Another version debuted in 1998 by YES! Entertainment with another version in 2006, produced by BackPack Toys. Presently Teddy Ruxpin is available from Wicked Cool Toys.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who did the director of Crazy on the Outside play in Toy Story?
|
[
{
"id": 156189,
"question": "What studio produced Crazy on the Outside?",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 83374,
"question": "who did #1 play in toy story",
"answer": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
Buzz Lightyear
|
[] | true |
2hop__56366_308370
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia",
"paragraph_text": "``The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia ''is a Southern Gothic song, written in 1972 by songwriter Bobby Russell and sung by Vicki Lawrence, an American pop music singer, actress, author, and comedienne. Lawrence's version, from her 1973 Bell Records album of the same name, was a number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 after its release. In addition to several other renditions, the song was again a hit in 1991 when Reba McEntire recorded it for her album For My Broken Heart. McEntire's version was a single, as well, reaching number 12 on Hot Country Songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jar of Hearts",
"paragraph_text": "``Jar of Hearts ''is the debut single by American singer Christina Perri. The song was released onto iTunes July 27, 2010, a week after its debut on So You Think You Can Dance. The song was included on Perri's debut EP, The Ocean Way Sessions, and appeared on Perri's debut studio album, Lovestrong (2011). The song was co-written by Perri, Drew Lawrence, and Barrett Yeretsian. Perri drew inspiration for the song from a real - life experience with a love interest who wanted to rekindle a broken relationship. After its debut, the song was released onto iTunes where it later rose to the Top 20 spot in one week.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "All Is Fair in Love and War",
"paragraph_text": "``All is fair in love and war '', a proverb attributed to John Lyly's Euphues All Is Fair in Love and War (album), an album by Blessed by a Broken Heart`` All Is Fair in Love and War'' (song), a song by Ronnie Milsap",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "When I Fall in Love",
"paragraph_text": "``When I Fall in Love ''is a popular song, written by Victor Young (music) and Edward Heyman (lyrics). It was introduced in the film One Minute to Zero. Jeri Southern sang on the first recording released in April 1952 with the song's composer, Victor Young, handling the arranging and conducting duties. The song has become a standard, with many artists recording it, though the first hit version was sung by Doris Day released in July 1952.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Confessions of a Broken Heart (Daughter to Father)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Confessions of a Broken Heart (Daughter to Father)\" is a song by American actress and singer Lindsay Lohan from her second studio album \"A Little More Personal (Raw)\" (2005). The song was written by Lohan as a letter to her father Michael, who survived a car crash for which he was charged with driving under the influence of alcohol. Additional writing and production was done by Kara DioGuardi and Greg Wells, while Lohan recorded the song on her trailer during the shoot of \"\". \"Confessions of a Broken Heart (Daughter to Father)\" was first previewed at AOL Music's First Listen on September 30, 2005, and was sent to radio in the United States on October 18, 2005, by Casablanca Records as the lead single from \"A Little More Personal (Raw)\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Here Comes the Sun",
"paragraph_text": "Sandy Farina covered ``Here Comes the Sun ''on the Martin - produced soundtrack to the 1978 film Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. In 1980, on their album Flaming Schoolgirls, the Runaways recorded`` Here Comes the Sun''. Dave Edmunds, Debbie Gibson and Raffi sang a live cover version in a Japanese television special aired in 1990. On their 1994 debut album, Who Is, This Is?, ska - punk band Voodoo Glow Skulls recorded a version of the song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Broken Hearts of Hollywood",
"paragraph_text": "Broken Hearts of Hollywood is a 1926 American comedy drama film released by Warner Bros. and directed by Lloyd Bacon. It is unknown, but the film might have been released with a Vitaphone soundtrack. A print of the film exists.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Boulevard of Broken Dreams (Al Dubin song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Boulevard of Broken Dreams\" is a 1933 hit song by Al Dubin (lyrics) and Harry Warren (music), set in Paris. The narrator says \"I walk along the street of sorrow/The Boulevard of Broken Dreams/Where gigolo and gigolette/Can take a kiss without regret/So they forget their broken dreams.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Entiako Provincial Park",
"paragraph_text": "Entiako Provincial Park and Protected Area is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the south flank of the Nechako River watercourse . It was formerly part of Tweedsmuir Provincial Park until that park was broken up; its sibling parks from that change are Tweedsmuir North Provincial Park and Protected Area and Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Tere Sang Yaara",
"paragraph_text": "``Tere Sang Yaara ''is a Romantic song written by Manoj Muntashir, composed by Arko Pravo Mukherjee, and sung by Atif Aslam. The song is from the soundtrack of the 2016 tragic flick Rustom.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "I've Got a Lovely Bunch of Coconuts",
"paragraph_text": "The song appeared in I Could Go On Singing (1963), Judy Garland's last film. A portion of the song also appeared in Disney's 1994 The Lion King (sung by Rowan Atkinson). Nicolas Cage also sang part of this song in National Treasure: Book of Secrets. Ringo Starr sang an impromptu version of the song in Magical Mystery Tour, The Beatles' TV special broadcast by the BBC on 26 December 1967. Also, actors Hayden Rorke and Bill Daily performed a few lines of the song on ukulele in the 1969 I Dream of Jeannie episode ``Uncles a Go - Go. In the first episode of the 1977 sitcom Mind Your Language it is mentioned that a professor went crazy and sang this song.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "What Becomes of the Brokenhearted",
"paragraph_text": "``What Becomes of the Brokenhearted ''is a hit single recorded by Jimmy Ruffin and released on Motown Records' Soul label in the summer of 1966. It is a ballad, with lead singer Jimmy Ruffin recalling the pain that befalls the brokenhearted, who had love that's now departed. The song essentially deals with the struggle to overcome sadness while seeking a new relationship after a breakup.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight",
"paragraph_text": "\"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in November 1981 as the second single from the album \"Step by Step\". \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" went to number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country chart, becoming Rabbitt's tenth number one country single. \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" also crossed over to the Top 40 peaking at number fifteen. The song was written by Rabbitt, Even Stevens and David Malloy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Who Owns My Heart",
"paragraph_text": "\"Who Owns My Heart\" is a song by American singer Miley Cyrus for her third studio album \"Can't Be Tamed\" (2010). The song was written by Cyrus, Antonina Armato, Tim James and Devrim Karaoglu, and produced by Armato and James. \"Who Owns My Heart\" was released on October 22, 2010 by Hollywood Records as the second and final single from Cyrus' third studio album \"Can't Be Tamed\" only in selected European countries. It would become her final overall release with Hollywood Records after signing with RCA Records in 2013. The song was written about the feelings a club's environment can lead someone to believe. \"Who Owns My Heart\" is musically club-oriented and driven by synths. Lyrically, the song speaks of meeting a potential love interest at a nightclub.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia",
"paragraph_text": "``The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia ''is a Southern Gothic song, written in 1972 by songwriter Bobby Russell and sung by Vicki Lawrence, an American pop music singer, actress, and comedian. Lawrence's version, from her 1973 Bell Records album of the same name, was a number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 after its release. In addition to several other renditions, the song was again a hit in 1991 when Reba McEntire recorded it for her album For My Broken Heart. McEntire's version was a single, as well, reaching number 12 on Hot Country Songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia",
"paragraph_text": "``The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia ''is a Southern Gothic song, written in 1972 by songwriter Bobby Russell and sung by Vicki Lawrence, an American pop music singer, actress, author and comedian. Lawrence's version, from her 1973 Bell Records album of the same name, was a number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 after its release. In addition to several other renditions, the song was again a hit in 1991 when Reba McEntire recorded it for her album For My Broken Heart. McEntire's version was a single, as well, reaching number 12 on Hot Country Songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Unchained Melody",
"paragraph_text": "``Unchained Melody ''is a 1955 song with music by Alex North and lyrics by Hy Zaret. North used the music as a theme for the little - known prison film Unchained (1955), hence the song title. Todd Duncan sang the vocals for the film soundtrack. It has since become a standard and one of the most often recorded songs of the 20th century, most notably by the Righteous Brothers. According to the song's publishing administrator, over 1,500 recordings of`` Unchained Melody'' have been made by more than 670 artists, in multiple languages.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Unbowed",
"paragraph_text": "Unbowed (; lit. \"Broken Arrow\") is a 2011 South Korean courtroom drama film starring Ahn Sung-ki and Park Won-sang. It was inspired by the true story of Kim Myung-ho, a math professor who was arrested for shooting a crossbow at the presiding judge of his appeal against wrongful dismissal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia",
"paragraph_text": "``The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia ''is a Southern Gothic song, written in 1972 by songwriter Bobby Russell and sung by Vicki Lawrence, an American singer, actress, and comedian. Lawrence's version, from her 1973 Bell Records album of the same name, was a number one hit on the Billboard Hot 100 after its release. In addition to several other renditions, the song was again a hit in 1991 when Reba McEntire recorded it for her album For My Broken Heart. McEntire's version was a single, as well, reaching number 12 on Hot Country Songs.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "I Am My Brother's Keeper",
"paragraph_text": "I Am My Brother's Keeper is a 1970 album by Motown vocalists and siblings Jimmy Ruffin and David Ruffin, credited as \"The Ruffin Brothers\". The album includes the singles \"Stand by Me\" and \"When My Love Hand Comes Down\".",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who is the sibling of the performer who sang What Becomes of the Broken Hearted?
|
[
{
"id": 56366,
"question": "who sang the song what becomes of the broken hearted",
"answer": "Jimmy Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 308370,
"question": "#1 >> sibling",
"answer": "David Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
David Ruffin
|
[] | true |
2hop__121614_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Ross Leckie",
"paragraph_text": "Ross Leckie attended Drumtochty Castle Preparatory School and Fettes College; at Fettes he gained his interest in classical literature. He studied classics at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, where he was also President of the Junior Common Room.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Gene Hiser",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played on the baseball team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Antonia Maury",
"paragraph_text": "Antonia Maury attended Vassar College, graduating in 1887 with honors in physics, astronomy, and philosophy. There, she studied under the tutelage of renowned astronomer Maria Mitchell.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Centre Daily Times",
"paragraph_text": "The Centre Daily Times is a daily newspaper located in State College, Pennsylvania in the United States. It is the hometown newspaper for State College and the Pennsylvania State University, one of the best-known and largest universities in the country, with more than 45,000 students attending the main campus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Class reunion",
"paragraph_text": "A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Doc Powell",
"paragraph_text": "Doc Powell is an American jazz guitarist and composer. He was born and raised in Spring Valley, New York. He attended college at University of Charleston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Torben Bernhard",
"paragraph_text": "Torben Bernhard (born March 5, 1983) is an American documentary filmmaker and rap artist originally from Kalamazoo, Michigan, and currently residing in Orem, Utah. Bernhard has written and directed documentary films and has additionally worked as a producer and cinematographer. He is part of the OHO Media film collective with his wife Marissa Bernhard and frequent collaborator Travis Low.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Igerna Sollas",
"paragraph_text": "Igerna Sollas was born 16 March 1877 in the town of Dawlish at Devon, the daughter of geologist William Johnson Sollas and his first wife Helen. She received an early education at Alexandra School and College in Dublin, and then attended Newnham College, Cambridge on a Gilchrist scholarship in 1897, where she took first class honours in both part I and part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos exam, completing a zoology degree in 1901. She held the position of lecturer in zoology at Newnham from 1903 to 1913, save for the period 1904 to 1906 when she was a Newnham college research fellow.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Steven Gerber",
"paragraph_text": "Steven Roy Gerber (September 28, 1948 – May 28, 2015) was an American composer of classical music. He attended Haverford College, graduating in 1969 at the age of twenty. He then attended Princeton University with a fellowship to study musical composition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Birgit Grodal",
"paragraph_text": "Birgit Grodal (24 June 1943 - 4 May 2004), was an economics professor at the University of Copenhagen from 1968 until her death in 2004.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Phuti Mahanyele",
"paragraph_text": "Phuti Mahanyele left Johannesburg, South Africa at age 17 to attend Douglass College (part of Rutgers University) in the United States. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Economics in 1993. In 1996 she earned an MBA from De Montfort University. In 2008, Mahanyele completed Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government executive education program \"Global Leadership and Public Policy for the 21st Century\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Becky Wahlstrom",
"paragraph_text": "Becky Wahlstrom (born April 25, 1975) is an American actress. She attended the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art in England for her college years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "High Grass Circus",
"paragraph_text": "High Grass Circus is a 1976 National Film Board of Canada documentary film co-directed by Tony Ianzelo and Torben Schioler, exploring life in the Royal Brothers' traveling circus. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Guybon Atherstone",
"paragraph_text": "Atherstone was the son of William Guybon Atherstone (medical practitioner, naturalist, geologist and MP) and was born in Grahamstown on 20 June 1843, he attended St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown and King's College London where he qualified as a civil engineer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Stephen Bann",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Bann CBE, FBA (born 1 August 1942 in Manchester, England) is the Emeritus Professor of History of Art at the University of Bristol. He attended Winchester College and King's College, Cambridge, attaining his PhD in 1967.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Henry Thacker",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery",
"paragraph_text": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of \"War Boy\" and \"What We Do Is Secret\", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Maurice Canning Wilks",
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Canning Wilks (1910–1984) was an Irish landscape painter. Born in Belfast in 1910 to a linen designer, he was educated in Belfast at the Malone Public School and attended evening classes at the Belfast College of Art. While attending college he was awarded the Dunville Scholarship allowing him to attend day classes. He went on to exhibit at the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) in Dublin where he would one day become an associate member. He was also elected a full member of the Royal Ulster Academy (RUA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Torben Grodal",
"paragraph_text": "Torben Grodal is an author and professor emeritus of Film and Media studies at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. Grodal was born on 25 January 1943 in Holbæk, Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
The main research library at the college Torben Grodal attended is known as what?
|
[
{
"id": 121614,
"question": "The college Torben Grodal attended was what?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__143890_308370
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Shiretoko Love Song",
"paragraph_text": "Shiretoko Love Song (=Shiretoko Ryojō) is a love song whose words and music were made by Hisaya Morishige, related to the Shiretoko Peninsula of Hokkaido, Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jackson family",
"paragraph_text": "The Jackson family is an American family of singers who originated in Gary, Indiana. Performing as members of The Jackson 5 and as solo artists, the children of Joseph Walter and Katherine Esther Jackson were very successful in the field of popular music from the late 1960s onwards. As a group, the eldest sons Jackie, Tito, Jermaine, Marlon, Michael, and later with the inclusion of Randy made the family's reputation, facilitating the subsequent success of siblings Rebbie, La Toya, and Janet. The Jackson 5 became known as the ``First Family of Soul ''(a title first held by the Five Stairsteps). The continued success of Michael and Janet's careers as solo artists led the Jacksons to become known as the`` Royal Family of Pop''. All nine of the Jackson siblings have gold records to their credits with La Toya holding the distinction of being the first Jackson sister to attain one (awarded by France's SNEP for ``Reggae Night '', a song she co-wrote for Jimmy Cliff).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Will to Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Will to Love\" is a song written by Neil Young that was first released on his 1977 album \"American Stars 'N Bars\". A promotional single of \"Will to Love\" was released, backed with a live performance of \"Cortez the Killer.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Marshall D. Gates Jr.",
"paragraph_text": "Marshall D. Gates Jr. (1915–2003) was an American chemist, holding the position of C.F. Houghton Professor of Chemistry at the University of Rochester. He was an organic chemist whose research was in the field of natural product synthesis. He is best known for publishing the first total synthesis of morphine in 1952.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Out Here on My Own",
"paragraph_text": "``Out Here on My Own ''is a ballad from the 1980 musical film Fame, performed by Irene Cara. It was written by sibling songwriting duo Lesley Gore (lyricist) and Michael Gore (composer). The song was produced by Michael Gore, and published by MGM BMI / Variety ASCAP. Cara performed the song at the 1981 Academy Awards, where the song was nominated for Best Original Song. The song was released on the soundtrack to the 1980 film Fame, which also contains an instrumental version of the track.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Run of the House",
"paragraph_text": "Run of the House is a sitcom on The WB, that aired between September 2003 and May 2004. Nineteen episodes were produced but only sixteen were aired before the show was cancelled. The show was about a family of four siblings, whose parents moved from Grand Rapids, Michigan, to Arizona, because the weather would be better there for their father's health. But they left the mostly-grown children to stay in their old house and look after themselves, with the 3 eldest siblings also having to deal with raising their 15-year-old sister, Brooke. There was also a nosy neighbor named Mrs. Norris who often popped in unannounced to check up on them.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Hou toch van mij",
"paragraph_text": "\"Hou toch van mij\" (\"Do love me\") was the Belgian representative at the Eurovision Song Contest 1959, performed in Dutch by Bob Benny.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts",
"paragraph_text": "Love Is Eternal While It Lasts (, also known as \"Love Is Eternal, as Long as It Lasts\") is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film written, directed and starred by Carlo Verdone. For her performance Laura Morante won the Nastro d'Argento for best actress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Hey Ya!",
"paragraph_text": "``Hey Ya! ''is a song written and produced by André 3000 for his 2003 album The Love Below, part of the hip hop duo OutKast's double album Speakerboxxx / The Love Below.`` Hey Ya!'' takes influence from funk, rap and rock music. Its music video features a live performance by a band, all eight of whose members are played by André 3000, that mimics the Beatles' 1964 performance on The Ed Sullivan Show. The song received praise from contemporary music critics, and won the award for Best Urban / Alternative Performance at the 46th Grammy Awards. His version of the song has also appeared on the soundtrack of Flight of the Phoenix (2004). The song was also featured on the 2004 compilation album Now That's What I Call Music! 16 and was performed at the 2004 Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Notes of Love",
"paragraph_text": "Notes of Love (, , also known as \"The Word Love Exists\" and \"Love Notes\") is a 1998 Italian-French romance film directed by Mimmo Calopresti. For her performance Valeria Bruni Tedeschi won the David di Donatello Award for best actress. The film also won the Nastro d'Argento for best script and the Ciak d'oro for best supporting actress (to Marina Confalone).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "A Man Without Love",
"paragraph_text": "``A Man Without Love ''was the British entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1966, performed in English by Kenneth McKellar.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hold On (To My Love)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Hold On (To My Love)\" is a song written by Robin Gibb and Blue Weaver and performed by American soul singer Jimmy Ruffin, released in 1980 on his album \"Sunrise\". It reached #10 in the US, #29 R&B and #7 in the UK.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Kye Kye",
"paragraph_text": "Kye Kye (stylized KYE KYE) is an American indietronica band from Portland, Oregon that formed in 2010. The band is made up of the Estonian-born Yagolnikov siblings Olga and Timothy. They released their first studio album in 2011 entitled \"Young Love\" that was released independently by the band. The band got more success commercially and critically out of their second LP entitled \"Fantasize\" that released in early 2014 by Valga Records, which is an independent record label.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Charlie Day",
"paragraph_text": "Day has been married to actress Mary Elizabeth Ellis since March 4, 2006. They met in 2001 and were dating in 2004 when they co-starred as incestuous siblings on Reno 911!. Ellis has a recurring role on It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia as ``The Waitress '', a coffee shop employee and object of the unrequited love and obsession for Day's character. The couple had their first child, a son, in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sibling",
"paragraph_text": "Half - siblings are people who share one parent but not both. They may share the same mother but different fathers (in which case they are known as uterine siblings or maternal half - brothers / half - sisters), or they may have the same father but different mothers (in which case, they are known as agnate siblings or paternal half - brothers / half - sisters. In law, the term consanguine is used in place of agnate). They share only one parent instead of two as full siblings do and are on average 25% related.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me",
"paragraph_text": "``(What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me ''is a song written by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It is the fifth single from the singer's second solo album, Hearsay (1987). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Lisa Keith. Following the successful chart performances of the Hearsay singles`` Fake'', ``Criticize '',`` Never Knew Love Like This'', and ``The Lovers '',`` (What Can I Say) To Make You Love Me'' was released as the album's fifth single.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "I Am My Brother's Keeper",
"paragraph_text": "I Am My Brother's Keeper is a 1970 album by Motown vocalists and siblings Jimmy Ruffin and David Ruffin, credited as \"The Ruffin Brothers\". The album includes the singles \"Stand by Me\" and \"When My Love Hand Comes Down\".",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Moody's Mood for Love",
"paragraph_text": "\"Moody's Mood for Love\" is a 1952 song by Eddie Jefferson, whose melody is derived from an improvised solo by jazz saxophonist James Moody on a 1949 recording of the 1935 song \"I'm in the Mood for Love\". It gained widespread popularity after being recorded in 1954 by singer King Pleasure. It has since been covered by many artists. Moody himself adopted the song as his own, recording it with Jefferson on the 1956 album \"Moody's Mood for Love\" and often singing the song himself in concert.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Satu Tuomisto",
"paragraph_text": "Satu Tuomisto is a Finnish contemporary dance choreographer whose pieces since the turn of the century have been performed in Britain, Finland and internationally.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is a sibling of the performer of Hold On (To My Love)?
|
[
{
"id": 143890,
"question": "Whose performance is Hold On (To My Love)?",
"answer": "Jimmy Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 308370,
"question": "#1 >> sibling",
"answer": "David Ruffin",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
David Ruffin
|
[] | true |
2hop__121512_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Rydberg constant",
"paragraph_text": "In spectroscopy, the Rydberg constant, symbol \"R\" for heavy atoms or \"R\" for hydrogen, named after the Swedish physicist Johannes Rydberg, is a physical constant relating to the electromagnetic spectra of an atom. The constant first arose as an empirical fitting parameter in the Rydberg formula for the hydrogen spectral series, but Niels Bohr later showed that its value could be calculated from more fundamental constants via his Bohr model. , \"R\" and electron spin \"g\"-factor are the most accurately measured physical constants.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Gene Hiser",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played on the baseball team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Planck constant",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Bohr introduced the first quantized model of the atom in 1913, in an attempt to overcome a major shortcoming of Rutherford's classical model. In classical electrodynamics, a charge moving in a circle should radiate electromagnetic radiation. If that charge were to be an electron orbiting a nucleus, the radiation would cause it to lose energy and spiral down into the nucleus. Bohr solved this paradox with explicit reference to Planck's work: an electron in a Bohr atom could only have certain defined energies En",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Henry Thacker",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Niels Bohr",
"paragraph_text": "Bohr founded the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, now known as the Niels Bohr Institute, which opened in 1920. Bohr mentored and collaborated with physicists including Hans Kramers, Oskar Klein, George de Hevesy, and Werner Heisenberg. He predicted the existence of a new zirconium-like element, which was named hafnium, after the Latin name for Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Later, the element bohrium was named after him.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Igerna Sollas",
"paragraph_text": "Igerna Sollas was born 16 March 1877 in the town of Dawlish at Devon, the daughter of geologist William Johnson Sollas and his first wife Helen. She received an early education at Alexandra School and College in Dublin, and then attended Newnham College, Cambridge on a Gilchrist scholarship in 1897, where she took first class honours in both part I and part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos exam, completing a zoology degree in 1901. She held the position of lecturer in zoology at Newnham from 1903 to 1913, save for the period 1904 to 1906 when she was a Newnham college research fellow.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Paul Sophus Epstein",
"paragraph_text": "Paul Sophus Epstein (Warsaw, then part of Imperial Russia, now Poland, March 20, 1883 – Pasadena, February 8, 1966) was a Russian-American mathematical physicist. He was known for his contributions to the development of quantum mechanics, part of a group that included Lorentz, Einstein, Minkowski, Thomson, Rutherford, Sommerfeld, Röntgen, von Laue, Bohr, de Broglie, Ehrenfest and Schwarzschild.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "History of science",
"paragraph_text": "In 1938 Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann discovered nuclear fission with radiochemical methods, and in 1939 Lise Meitner and Otto Robert Frisch wrote the first theoretical interpretation of the fission process, which was later improved by Niels Bohr and John A. Wheeler. Further developments took place during World War II, which led to the practical application of radar and the development and use of the atomic bomb. Though the process had begun with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest O. Lawrence in the 1930s, physics in the postwar period entered into a phase of what historians have called \"Big Science\", requiring massive machines, budgets, and laboratories in order to test their theories and move into new frontiers. The primary patron of physics became state governments, who recognized that the support of \"basic\" research could often lead to technologies useful to both military and industrial applications. Currently, general relativity and quantum mechanics are inconsistent with each other, and efforts are underway to unify the two.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Niels Bjerrum",
"paragraph_text": "Niels Bjerrum was the son of ophthalmologist Jannik Petersen Bjerrum, and started to study at University of Copenhagen in 1897. He received his Master's degree in 1902 and his Doctor's degree in 1908, and did research in coordination complex chemistry under Sophus Mads Jørgensen. He became a docent in 1912, and in 1914 he became professor of chemistry at the Royal Agricultural College (\"Landbohøjskolen\") in Copenhagen, as successor of Odin Tidemand Christensen. He stayed on this post until his retirement in 1949, and from 1939 to 1946 he was also the Director of the College.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery",
"paragraph_text": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of \"War Boy\" and \"What We Do Is Secret\", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Planck constant",
"paragraph_text": "The Bohr magneton and the nuclear magneton are units which are used to describe the magnetic properties of the electron and atomic nuclei respectively. The Bohr magneton is the magnetic moment which would be expected for an electron if it behaved as a spinning charge according to classical electrodynamics. It is defined in terms of the reduced Planck constant, the elementary charge and the electron mass, all of which depend on the Planck constant: the final dependence on h1/2 (r2 > 0.995) can be found by expanding the variables.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Maurice Canning Wilks",
"paragraph_text": "Maurice Canning Wilks (1910–1984) was an Irish landscape painter. Born in Belfast in 1910 to a linen designer, he was educated in Belfast at the Malone Public School and attended evening classes at the Belfast College of Art. While attending college he was awarded the Dunville Scholarship allowing him to attend day classes. He went on to exhibit at the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) in Dublin where he would one day become an associate member. He was also elected a full member of the Royal Ulster Academy (RUA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Vallis Bohr",
"paragraph_text": "Vallis Bohr is a valley on the Moon stretching due south of the crater Einstein. This wide cleft has a length of about 80 kilometers, and is radial to the Mare Orientale impact basin further to the south. The selenographic coordinates of this feature are .",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ben Roy Mottelson",
"paragraph_text": "He moved to Institute for Theoretical Physics (later the Niels Bohr Institute) in Copenhagen on the Sheldon Traveling Fellowship from Harvard, and remained in Denmark. In 1953 he was appointed staff member in CERN's Theoretical Study Group, which was based in Copenhagen, a position he held until he became professor at the newly formed Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita) in 1957. He was a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley in Spring 1959. In 1971 he became a naturalized Danish citizen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sundman (crater)",
"paragraph_text": "Sundman is a lunar impact crater that lies just past the western limb of the Moon. Although it lies on the far side from the Earth, this part of the surface is brought into view during periods of favorable libration and illumination. Sundman lies to the southwest of the walled plain Einstein, and to the west of the Vallis Bohr cleft. It was named after Finnish mathematician and astronomer Karl F. Sundman.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Morten Helveg Petersen",
"paragraph_text": "The son of former Danish foreign minister Niels Helveg Petersen and brother of former minister Rasmus Helveg Petersen, Morten Helveg Petersen grew up in Denmark and in Brussels where he attended the European School, Brussels I from 1974 to 1977. His paternal grandparents were former minister Kristen Helveg Petersen and former mayor of Copenhagen Lilly Helveg Petersen. He got a Master of Science degree in economics from the University of Copenhagen in 1992.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Stephen Bann",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Bann CBE, FBA (born 1 August 1942 in Manchester, England) is the Emeritus Professor of History of Art at the University of Bristol. He attended Winchester College and King's College, Cambridge, attaining his PhD in 1967.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Class reunion",
"paragraph_text": "A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Steven Gerber",
"paragraph_text": "Steven Roy Gerber (September 28, 1948 – May 28, 2015) was an American composer of classical music. He attended Haverford College, graduating in 1969 at the age of twenty. He then attended Princeton University with a fellowship to study musical composition.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is part of the college Niels Bohr attended?
|
[
{
"id": 121512,
"question": "The college Niels Bohr attended was what?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__121246_222887
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Molex",
"paragraph_text": "In September 2013, Koch Industries purchased Molex for $7.2 billion. Koch indicated Molex will retain its company name and headquarters in Lisle, Illinois, and be run as a subsidiary.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "J. R. Koch",
"paragraph_text": "J. R. Koch (pronounced KOTCH) (born September 10, 1976) is a retired American professional basketball player who was drafted in the second round of the 1999 NBA Draft (46th overall) by the New York Knicks following a college career at the University of Iowa. Koch played professionally in the U.S. and Europe for six years and now runs his own real estate company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Henry Thacker",
"paragraph_text": "Henry Thacker attended Boys' High School and then Canterbury College (what is now known as the University of Canterbury), from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. He then enrolled at Edinburgh University where he gained his M.B. and C.M. diplomas in 1895. Two years later he gained a fellowship in the Royal College of Surgeons in Dublin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Bodil Koch",
"paragraph_text": "Bodil Koch graduated from the University of Copenhagen with a master's degree in theology in 1929, the same year she married Hal Koch. Their fundamental beliefs combined the Evangelical-Lutheran view of Christianity with Socratic humanism. Both had a strong interest in traveling and science and working for the common good. They were the icons of a whole generation after World War II searching for a new set of values. They had five children, and during the 1930s Bodil Koch was a stay-at-home mother and the wife of Hal Koch. They challenged the traditional idea of the nuclear family, and eventually she saw the ideal family as two working adults and a number of children who all participated in cooking and debating.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery",
"paragraph_text": "Thorn Kief Hillsbery is an American novelist. He is the author of \"War Boy\" and \"What We Do Is Secret\", which was nominated for a Lambda Literary Award. He was born in Portland, Oregon, and attended Evergreen State College. He currently lives in Manhattan, and teaches a creative writing workshop at Columbia University.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Steven Gerber",
"paragraph_text": "Steven Roy Gerber (September 28, 1948 – May 28, 2015) was an American composer of classical music. He attended Haverford College, graduating in 1969 at the age of twenty. He then attended Princeton University with a fellowship to study musical composition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "KochPAC",
"paragraph_text": "KochPAC (the Koch Industries Inc Political Action Committee) is a United States political action committee that represents the interests of Koch Industries and its affiliates.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The World's Billionaires",
"paragraph_text": "No. Name Net worth (USD) (March 2018) Age Nationality Source (s) of wealth 7000100000000000000 ♠ 1 Bezos, Jeff Jeff Bezos $112.0 billion 54 United States Amazon 7000200000000000000 ♠ 2 Gates, Bill Bill Gates $90.0 billion 62 United States Microsoft 7000300000000000000 ♠ 3 Buffett, Warren Warren Buffett $84.0 billion 87 United States Berkshire Hathaway 7000400000000000000 ♠ 4 Arnault, Bernard Bernard Arnault $72.0 billion 69 France LVMH 7000500000000000000 ♠ 5 Zuckerberg, Mark Mark Zuckerberg $71.0 billion 33 United States Facebook 7000600000000000000 ♠ 6 Ortega, Amancio Amancio Ortega $70.0 billion 81 Spain Inditex, Zara 7000700000000000000 ♠ 7 Slim, Carlos Carlos Slim $67.1 billion 78 Mexico América Móvil, Grupo Carso 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, Charles Charles Koch $60.0 billion 82 United States Koch Industries 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, David David Koch $60.0 billion 77 United States Koch Industries 7001100000000000000 ♠ 10 Ellison, Larry Larry Ellison $58.5 billion 73 United States Oracle Corporation",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Class reunion",
"paragraph_text": "A class reunion is a meeting of former classmates, often organized at or near their former school or college by one or more class members. It is scheduled near an anniversary of their graduation, e.g. every 5 years. Their teachers and administrators may be invited. Those attending reminisce about their student days and bring each other up to date on what has happened since they last meet.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "The World's Billionaires",
"paragraph_text": "No. Name Net worth (USD) Age Nationality Source (s) of wealth 7000100000000000000 ♠ 1 Bezos, Jeff Jeff Bezos $112.0 billion 54 United States Amazon 7000200000000000000 ♠ 2 Gates, Bill Bill Gates $90.0 billion 62 United States Microsoft 7000300000000000000 ♠ 3 Buffett, Warren Warren Buffett $84.0 billion 87 United States Berkshire Hathaway 7000400000000000000 ♠ 4 Arnault, Bernard Bernard Arnault $72.0 billion 69 France LVMH 7000500000000000000 ♠ 5 Zuckerberg, Mark Mark Zuckerberg $71.0 billion 33 United States Facebook 7000600000000000000 ♠ 6 Ortega, Amancio Amancio Ortega $70.0 billion 81 Spain Inditex, Zara 7000700000000000000 ♠ 7 Slim, Carlos Carlos Slim $67.1 billion 78 Mexico América Móvil, Grupo Carso 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, Charles Charles Koch $60.0 billion 82 United States Koch Industries 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, David David Koch $60.0 billion 77 United States Koch Industries 7001100000000000000 ♠ 10 Ellison, Larry Larry Ellison $58.5 billion 73 United States Oracle Corporation",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Marc Garneau",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Jean-Pierre Marc Garneau was born on February 23, 1949, in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. He attended primary and secondary schools in Quebec City and Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. He received a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering Physics from the Royal Military College of Canada in 1970, and in 1973 received a Doctorate in Electrical Engineering from the Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England. From 1982 to 1983, he attended the Canadian Forces College in Toronto.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_text": "The Copenhagen University Library (Danish: Københavns Universitetsbibliotek) in Copenhagen, Denmark, is the main research library of the University of Copenhagen. Founded in 1482, it is the oldest library in Denmark.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "East Prussia",
"paragraph_text": "Through publicly funded emergency relief programs concentrating on agricultural land-improvement projects and road construction, the \"Erich Koch Plan\" for East Prussia allegedly made the province free of unemployment; on August 16, 1933 Koch reported to Hitler that unemployment had been banished entirely from East Prussia, a feat that gained admiration throughout the Reich. Koch's industrialization plans led him into conflict with R. Walther Darré, who held the office of the Reich Peasant Leader (Reichsbauernführer) and Minister of Agriculture. Darré, a neopaganist rural romantic, wanted to enforce his vision of an agricultural East Prussia. When his \"Land\" representatives challenged Koch's plans, Koch had them arrested.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Gene Hiser",
"paragraph_text": "He was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He attended college at the University of Maryland, where he played on the baseball team.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Stephen Bann",
"paragraph_text": "Stephen Bann CBE, FBA (born 1 August 1942 in Manchester, England) is the Emeritus Professor of History of Art at the University of Bristol. He attended Winchester College and King's College, Cambridge, attaining his PhD in 1967.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The World's Billionaires",
"paragraph_text": "No. Name Net worth (USD) Age Nationality Source (s) of wealth 7000100000000000000 ♠ 1 Gates, Bill Bill Gates $86.0 billion 61 United States Microsoft 7000200000000000000 ♠ 2 Buffett, Warren Warren Buffett $75.6 billion 86 United States Berkshire Hathaway 7000300000000000000 ♠ 3 Bezos, Jeff Jeff Bezos $72.8 billion 53 United States Amazon.com 7000400000000000000 ♠ 4 Ortega, Amancio Amancio Ortega $71.3 billion 80 Spain Inditex, Zara 7000500000000000000 ♠ 5 Zuckerberg, Mark Mark Zuckerberg $56.0 billion 32 United States Facebook 7000600000000000000 ♠ 6 Slim, Carlos Carlos Slim $54.5 billion 77 Mexico América Móvil, Grupo Carso 7000700000000000000 ♠ 7 Ellison, Larry Larry Ellison $52.2 billion 72 United States Oracle Corporation 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, Charles Charles Koch $48.3 billion 81 United States Koch Industries 7000800000000000000 ♠ 8 Koch, David David Koch $48.3 billion 76 United States Koch Industries 7001100000000000000 ♠ 10 Bloomberg, Michael Michael Bloomberg $47.5 billion 75 United States Bloomberg L.P.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Bodil Niska",
"paragraph_text": "Bodil Aileen Niska (born 21 August 1954 in Vadsø, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz musician (saxophone), well known for popular releases of jazz standards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Golden Smile",
"paragraph_text": "The Golden Smile (Danish:Det gyldne smil) is a 1935 Danish drama film directed by Pál Fejös and starring Bodil Ipsen, Helen von Münchofen and John Price. The film's sets were designed by the art director Heinz Fenchel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Phuti Mahanyele",
"paragraph_text": "Phuti Mahanyele left Johannesburg, South Africa at age 17 to attend Douglass College (part of Rutgers University) in the United States. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Economics in 1993. In 1996 she earned an MBA from De Montfort University. In 2008, Mahanyele completed Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government executive education program \"Global Leadership and Public Policy for the 21st Century\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen",
"paragraph_text": "In 1939, Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen married Knut Schmidt-Nielsen, a fellow physiologist, and received doctoral degrees in Dentistry, Odontology, and Physiology from the University of Copenhagen. Knut and Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen became a prominent physiology team at Duke University, but divorced in 1966. Bodil became Department Chair at Case Western Reserve University and later devoted her career full-time to research at MDI Biological Laboratory in Maine.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which library belongs to Bodil Koch's university?
|
[
{
"id": 121246,
"question": "The college Bodil Koch attended was what?",
"answer": "University of Copenhagen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 222887,
"question": "#1 >> has part",
"answer": "Copenhagen University Library",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
}
] |
Copenhagen University Library
|
[] | true |
2hop__53212_83374
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is known for playing Cliff Clavin in the TV show Cheers, for which he earned two Emmy nominations. He is also known for his extensive voice roles in Pixar Animation Studios' films, such as Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise. He is the only actor to appear in all of Pixar's feature films, and with minor appearances in major films such as Superman and The Empire Strikes Back, is one of the most successful actors of all time in terms of box - office receipts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Toys \"R\" Us",
"paragraph_text": "Founded by Charles Lazarus in its modern incarnation in 1957, Toys ``R ''Us traced its origins to Lazarus's children's furniture store, which he started in 1948. He added toys to his offering, and eventually shifted his focus. The company had been in the toy business for more than 65 years and operated around 800 stores in the United States and around 800 outside the US, although these numbers have steadily decreased with time.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Toy Shop",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Shop is a simulation/role-playing video game video game developed by Portuguese team Seed Studios and published by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It is often compared to the Story of Seasons series but with a Toy Shop theme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_text": "He is voiced by Tim Allen in the Toy Story films, few video games, the upcoming video game Kingdom Hearts III, and the Buzz Lightyear movie, Patrick Warburton in the TV series, and by Pat Fraley for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Pure Michigan",
"paragraph_text": "Pure Michigan began as an advertising campaign launched in 2008 by the state of Michigan, featuring the voice of actor and comedian Tim Allen. The Pure Michigan campaign, which aims to market the state of Michigan as a travel and tourism destination, received state and international attention beginning in 2008 when Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm approved $45 million in additional funding for the Pure Michigan campaign from the 21st Century Jobs Trust Fund. The unprecedented tourism fund amount for the state allowed the Pure Michigan campaign to be broadcast on a national level beginning in March 2009. Annual funding for fiscal 2014 was $29 million.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Adventures of Teddy Ruxpin",
"paragraph_text": "The Adventures of Teddy Ruxpin is an American/Canadian animated television series based on Teddy Ruxpin, an animatronic teddy bear created by Ken Forsse and distributed by toy manufacturer Worlds of Wonder. It was produced for television syndication by DIC Animation City with Atkinson Film-Arts using many of the same voice actors used in the book-and-tape series that was made for the eponymous animatronic toy. While some of the stories used in the TV series were adapted from the books, many were original and greatly expanded upon the world established there. The series differed from traditional children's animation in that most of its 65 episodes were serialized rather than in traditional episodic form.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He played Cliff Clavin in the TV show Cheers, for which he earned two Emmy nominations, and plays voice roles in Pixar Animation Studios' films, including Hamm in the Toy Story franchise, The Underminer in The Incredibles franchise, and Mack in the Cars franchise. He is the only actor to appear in all of Pixar's feature films, and with minor appearances in major films such as Superman and The Empire Strikes Back, he is one of the most successful actors of all time in terms of box - office receipts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story is a 1995 American computer - animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The directorial debut of John Lasseter, Toy Story was the first feature - length computer - animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar. Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old - fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, based on a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive - produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Estelle Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 4, 1928) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. Easily recognized by her distinctive, high - pitched voice, she is best known for her roles as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld, the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, and Muriel on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Christopher Robin (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Brad Garrett as Eeyore, a pessimistic toy donkey in the Hundred Acre Wood who always loses his tail and talks with a deep depressing voice and tone.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route",
"paragraph_text": "The Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route is a Pure Michigan Byway on the Leelanau Peninsula in Leelanau County in the US state of Michigan that follows three different highways:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Which Toy Story character is voiced by the voice of the Pure Michigan ads?
|
[
{
"id": 53212,
"question": "who does the voice for the pure michigan ads",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 83374,
"question": "who did #1 play in toy story",
"answer": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Buzz Lightyear
|
[] | true |
2hop__156189_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Black Elk",
"paragraph_text": "Heȟáka Sápa (Black Elk) (December 1, 1863 – August 19, 1950) was a wičháša wakȟáŋ (\"medicine man, holy man\") and heyoka of the Oglala Lakota people. He was a second cousin of the war leader Crazy Horse.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "No Man's Land (Lene Lovich album)",
"paragraph_text": "No Man's Land is the third studio album by Lene Lovich, released on November 13, 1982 by Stiff Records. It is her last album to be released on the Stiff Records label. The album is produced by Lovich and Les Chappell. It contains songs from her previously released extended play, \"New Toy\", since the album was planned to be already released in 1981, but was postponed following the disagreements with the record company.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Crazy Horse Memorial",
"paragraph_text": "The Crazy Horse Memorial is a mountain monument under construction on privately held land in the Black Hills, in Custer County, South Dakota, United States. It will depict the Oglala Lakota warrior, Crazy Horse, riding a horse and pointing into the distance. The memorial was commissioned by Henry Standing Bear, a Lakota elder, to be sculpted by Korczak Ziolkowski. It is operated by the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation, a nonprofit organization.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Last Choir Standing",
"paragraph_text": "Last Choir Standing is a 2008 talent show-themed television series produced by the BBC in the United Kingdom. Broadcast on BBC One in July and August 2008, the series saw amateur choirs competing each week to be the 'last choir standing'.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Still Standing (Monica song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Still Standing\" is a song by American R&B singer Monica, written by Christopher Bridges, Adonis Shropshire, Bryan-Michael Cox and Monica for her sixth studio album, \"Still Standing\" (2010). Produced by Bryan-Michael Cox, it features guest vocals by her cousin and rapper Ludacris.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever",
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Chicago Cubs",
"paragraph_text": "The Cubs had no official physical mascot prior to Clark, though a man in a 'polar bear' looking outfit, called \"The Bear-man\" (or Beeman), which was mildly popular with the fans, paraded the stands briefly in the early 1990s. There is no record of whether or not he was just a fan in a costume or employed by the club. Through the 2013 season, there were \"Cubbie-bear\" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day, but none are employed by the team. They pose for pictures with fans for tips. The most notable of these was \"Billy Cub\" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop. Billy Cub, who is played by fan John Paul Weier, had unsuccessfully petitioned the team to become the official mascot.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Pistaccio Metallic",
"paragraph_text": "Unlike previous studio albums by TBF, \"Pistaccio Metallic\" was released by Dallas Records. It is also the first studio album that feature new drummer Janko Novoselić. He also played on their 2010 live album \"Perpetuum Fritule\". For the first time TBF recorded a studio album outside of their home town Split. The album was recorded in Novo Mesto in Slovenia at the RSL Studio. It is also the first time TBF produced a studio album themselves without an external producer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Apache Territory",
"paragraph_text": "Apache Territory is a 1958 Eastmancolor Western film released by Columbia Pictures, directed by Ray Nazarro and produced by and starring Rory Calhoun. The story is based on the novel \"Last Stand at Papago Wells\" by Louis L'Amour.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Devil Commands",
"paragraph_text": "The Devil Commands is a 1941 American horror film directed by Edward Dmytryk and starring Boris Karloff. The working title of the film was \"The Devil Said No\". In it, a man obsessed with contacting his dead wife falls in with a sinister phony medium. The Devil Commands is one of the many films from the 1930s and 1940s in which Karloff was cast as a mad scientist with a good heart. It was one of the last in line of the low-budget horror films that were produced before Universal Studios' \"The Wolf Man\". The story was adapted from the novel \"The Edge of Running Water\" by William Sloane.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Steamboat Willie",
"paragraph_text": "Steamboat Willie is a 1928 American animated short film directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. It was produced in black - and - white by Walt Disney Studios and was released by Celebrity Productions. The cartoon is considered the debut of Mickey Mouse and his girlfriend Minnie, although both the characters appeared several months earlier in a test screening of Plane Crazy. Steamboat Willie was the third of Mickey's films to be produced, but was the first to be distributed because Walt Disney, having seen The Jazz Singer, had committed himself to producing the first fully synchronized sound cartoon.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Ultra Panic",
"paragraph_text": "Ultra Panic is the sixth studio album by American ska punk band MU330, released on Asian Man Records in 2002. As of 2018, it is MU330's last studio album, although the band has not officially dismissed any plans to record a follow-up in the future.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Only Place",
"paragraph_text": "The Only Place is the second studio album by American indie rock duo Best Coast, released on May 15, 2012 by Mexican Summer. Produced by Jon Brion, the album was recorded at Capitol Studios in Los Angeles, California. The album was primarily inspired by the upheaval following the unexpected success of \"Crazy for You\". To this end, the duo attempted to distance themselves from the lo-fi aesthetic of their first release by working with producer Jon Brion. Recorded at Capitol Studios in Los Angeles, \"The Only Place\" was inspired by 1960s country music and Fleetwood Mac.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Crazy Crooks",
"paragraph_text": "Crazy Crooks is a 1980 Hong Kong comedy film produced and directed by Karl Maka and starring Dean Shek and Maka.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "I'm Almost Not Crazy: John Cassavetes, the Man and His Work",
"paragraph_text": "I'm Almost Not Crazy: John Cassavetes, the Man and His Work is a 1989 American documentary directed by Michael Ventura and starring John Cassavetes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Crazy on the Outside",
"paragraph_text": "Crazy on the Outside is a 2010 American comedy film starring and directed by Tim Allen. The film marks Allen's feature film directorial debut, and is notable for reuniting Allen with co-stars from many of his previous films (Sigourney Weaver from \"Galaxy Quest\", Ray Liotta from \"Wild Hogs\", Kelsey Grammer from \"Toy Story 2\" and Julie Bowen from \"Joe Somebody\").",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "I'm Every Woman",
"paragraph_text": "``I'm Every Woman ''is a song by American singer Chaka Khan from her debut solo studio album Chaka (1978). It was Khan's first hit outside of her recordings with the funk band Rufus.`` I'm Every Woman'' was produced by Arif Mardin and written by the successful songwriting team Nickolas Ashford and Valerie Simpson. The single established Chaka's career outside of the group Rufus, whom she would leave after their eighth studio album Masterjam was released in late 1979.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Slime Time Live",
"paragraph_text": "Slime Time Live is a television series that aired on Nickelodeon from 2000–2003, lasting 8 seasons. During its run it was hosted by Dave Aizer, Jonah Travick and Jessica Holmes and produced/directed by Jason Harper. It was located outside (inside if either weather did not permit, or the outdoor area had become too messy from earlier in the day) of the former Nickelodeon Studios at Universal Studios Florida (the third-to-last show to do so). It mainly aired as filler during regular commercial time.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the dad on Last Man Standing, played by the actor whose studio produced Crazy on the Outside?
|
[
{
"id": 156189,
"question": "What studio produced Crazy on the Outside?",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__53212_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Episcopal Church of All Angels",
"paragraph_text": "The Episcopal Church of All Angels is a historic church at 129 W. Michigan in Spearfish, South Dakota. It was built in 1895 and was added to the National Register in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "University Towers",
"paragraph_text": "University Towers is a tall residential apartment building in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It stands at 536 South Forest Avenue. The building was constructed in 1965 and stands at 19 floors, with 240 units/rooms. The high-rise also contains a fitness center.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Pure Michigan",
"paragraph_text": "Pure Michigan began as an advertising campaign launched in 2008 by the state of Michigan, featuring the voice of actor and comedian Tim Allen. The Pure Michigan campaign, which aims to market the state of Michigan as a travel and tourism destination, received state and international attention beginning in 2008 when Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm approved $45 million in additional funding for the Pure Michigan campaign from the 21st Century Jobs Trust Fund. The unprecedented tourism fund amount for the state allowed the Pure Michigan campaign to be broadcast on a national level beginning in March 2009. Annual funding for fiscal 2014 was $29 million.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "St. Francis Solanus Mission",
"paragraph_text": "St. Francis Solanus Mission is a historic mission on W. Lake Street in Petoskey, Michigan. It is the only existing building in the Arbre Croche district dating from the time of Bishop Frederic Baraga, and is the oldest building still standing in Petoskey, as well as one of the oldest in northern lower Michigan. The mission was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Alan Haines",
"paragraph_text": "Alan Haines (6 June 1924 – 17 April 2011) was a British actor and playwright who spent four years in the Royal Navy during World War II — including at D-Day on his 20th birthday and appeared in many West End shows and touring productions, as well as in the cult TV series Dad's Army and Van der Valk and two notable films: \"Dad's Army\" and \"The Man in the White Suit\", and the acclaimed BBC TV Series \"Perfect Strangers\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route",
"paragraph_text": "The Leelanau Scenic Heritage Route is a Pure Michigan Byway on the Leelanau Peninsula in Leelanau County in the US state of Michigan that follows three different highways:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Kristen Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Kristen Joy Schaal (/ ʃɑːl /; born January 24, 1978) is an American actress, voice artist, comedian and writer best known for current roles as Louise Belcher in Bob's Burgers (since 2011) and Carol in The Last Man on Earth (since 2015), as well as for playing Mel in Flight of the Conchords, the over-sexed nurse Hurshe Heartshe on The Heart, She Holler and Mabel Pines in Gravity Falls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Buddhism",
"paragraph_text": "The method of self-exertion or \"self-power\"—without reliance on an external force or being—stands in contrast to another major form of Buddhism, Pure Land, which is characterized by utmost trust in the salvific \"other-power\" of Amitabha Buddha. Pure Land Buddhism is a very widespread and perhaps the most faith-orientated manifestation of Buddhism and centres upon the conviction that faith in Amitabha Buddha and the chanting of homage to his name liberates one at death into the Blissful (安樂), Pure Land (淨土) of Amitabha Buddha. This Buddhic realm is variously construed as a foretaste of Nirvana, or as essentially Nirvana itself. The great vow of Amitabha Buddha to rescue all beings from samsaric suffering is viewed within Pure Land Buddhism as universally efficacious, if only one has faith in the power of that vow or chants his name.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jackson Brundage",
"paragraph_text": "Jackson Timothy Brundage (born January 21, 2001) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Jamie Scott on The CW's One Tree Hill, a role he held from 2008 until the series's conclusion in 2012. Brundage was in the Nick at Nite sitcom, See Dad Run starring Scott Baio which lasted from 2012 to 2015. He was the first voice of Foo in the Nickelodeon series Harvey Beaks before being replaced by Tom Robinson. He has performed in film, television, and voice over. He played Charlie Allan Smith in Lime Salted Love. He also voiced Pablo in Einstein Pals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hetty Taylor shipwreck",
"paragraph_text": "The Hetty Taylor was a schooner that sank in Lake Michigan off the coast of Sheboygan, Wisconsin, United States. In 2005 the shipwreck site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Nissan Qashqai",
"paragraph_text": "ESP is now standard across the range and two new exterior colours have been added. The launch of an eco friendly Pure Drive variant has also been announced.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever",
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Becki Newton",
"paragraph_text": "Television Year Title Role Notes Burly TV Herself Host 2003 Cold Case Young Melanie Whitley Episode: ``Look Again ''2003 -- 04 Guiding Light Fantasy daughter Unknown episodes American Dreams Mindy 3 episodes Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Colleen Heaton Episode:`` Weak'' 2005 Charmed ``Glamoured ''Piper Halliwell Episode:`` Something Wicca This Way Goes...?'' 2006 -- 10 Ugly Betty Amanda Tanen Main cast; 85 episodes Nominated -- Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series 2007 Ugly Betty Ruthie Episode: ``Sofia's Choice ''2007 American Dad! Blonde hoe Voice; episode:`` When a Stan Loves a Woman'' 2007 American Dad! Mrs. Hannigan Voice; episode: ``I Ca n't Stan You ''2007 -- 08 Ugly Betty Young Fey Sommers 2 episodes 2011 Love Bites Annie Matopoulos Main cast; 6 episodes 2012 -- 13 How I Met Your Mother Quinn Garvey 10 episodes 2013 Goodwin Games, The The Goodwin Games Chloe Goodwin Main cast; 7 episodes 2014 Mickey Mouse Cruise Ship Waitress Voice; episode:`` Flipperboobootosis'' 2014 American Dad! Margie Voice; episode: ``Introducing the Naughty Stewardesses ''2015 Weird Loners Caryn Goldfarb Main cast; 6 episodes",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture",
"paragraph_text": "Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture is a live album by David Bowie, corresponding to the film of the same name. The music was recorded during the Ziggy Stardust Tour at the Hammersmith Odeon in London on , although the album was not issued by RCA Records until 1983. Prior to that it had existed in bootleg form, notably \"His Masters Voice – Bowie and the Spiders From Mars' Last Stand\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "List of Last Man Standing episodes",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American sitcom that premiered on ABC on October 11, 2011. Created by Jack Burditt, the series stars Tim Allen as Mike Baxter, a director of marketing at an outdoor sporting goods store in Colorado, whose home life and world is dominated by women: his wife Vanessa (Nancy Travis) and their three daughters Eve (Kaitlyn Dever), Mandy (Molly Ephraim), and Kristin (Alexandra Krosney for season 1 and Amanda Fuller for the remaining seasons). Héctor Elizondo also stars as Ed Alzate, Mike's boss at his sporting goods store ``Outdoor Man '', while Christoph Sanders appears as Kyle Anderson, a young employee of Outdoor Man.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Wendy Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Kristen Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Kristen Joy Schaal (/ ʃɑːl /; born January 24, 1978) is an American actress, voice actress, comedian, and writer. She is best known for her current role as Louise Belcher on Bob's Burgers (since 2011), as well as for playing Mel on Flight of the Conchords, the over-sexed nurse Hurshe Heartshe on The Heart, She Holler, Carol on The Last Man on Earth, and Mabel Pines on Gravity Falls.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Last Choir Standing",
"paragraph_text": "Last Choir Standing is a 2008 talent show-themed television series produced by the BBC in the United Kingdom. Broadcast on BBC One in July and August 2008, the series saw amateur choirs competing each week to be the 'last choir standing'.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
On Last Man Standing, who plays the dad of the guy who does the voice for the Pure Michigan ads?
|
[
{
"id": 53212,
"question": "who does the voice for the pure michigan ads",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__443480_162393
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Devil's Courthouse",
"paragraph_text": "Devil's Courthouse is a mountain in the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina in the United States of America. The mountain is located at the Western edge of the Pisgah National Forest about 10 miles (16 kilometers) northwest of Brevard and 28 miles (45 kilometers) southwest of Asheville. Located at milepost 422.4 (kilometer 679.8 km) of the Blue Ridge Parkway, the Devil's Courthouse has a moderate/strenuous trail climbing a half mile to its peak where panoramic views can be seen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania",
"paragraph_text": "Mount Carmel is a borough in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,869 at the 2010 census. It is located 88 miles (141 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 71 miles (114 km) northeast of Harrisburg, in the Anthracite Coal Region. It is completely encompassed by Mount Carmel Township.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Eschwege Airfield",
"paragraph_text": "Eschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "High Hill, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "High Hill is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Farm Road 2672, three miles northwest of Schulenburg, Texas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Kamela, Oregon",
"paragraph_text": "Kamela is an unincorporated community in Union County, Oregon, United States. It is located west of Interstate 84 about 20 miles northwest of La Grande.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Sowers, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Cornwall Motor Speedway",
"paragraph_text": "The Cornwall Motor Speedway is a 1/4 mile dirt track near the community of Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. It is located northwest of the city on Cornwall Centre Road. The track opened in 1970 and runs weekly racing on Sunday evenings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Hobart Sky Ranch Airport",
"paragraph_text": "Hobart Sky Ranch Airport is a public-use airport located two miles (3 km) northwest of the central business district of Hobart, a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States. This airport is privately owned by Don Niemeyer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Olney, Missouri",
"paragraph_text": "Olney is an unincorporated community in western Lincoln County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route O, approximately twelve miles northwest of Troy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Woodlands, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Austin, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Hockley, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "LMGPR",
"paragraph_text": "LMGPR, The Loughlin/Michaels Group, is a strategic public relations agency founded in 2002 and based in San Jose, CA. LMGPR provides public relations and communications services to technology-based companies both consumer and business to business, and uses a strategic approach to improve client sales, business development and marketing results. The agency is based in the Silicon Valley and has clients worldwide.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Stanford University",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Prieta Mesa",
"paragraph_text": "Prieta Mesa is a large mesa located northwest of Albuquerque in Sandoval County, New Mexico. It is approximately 12 miles or 19.4 km long (north to south).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bolton, Massachusetts",
"paragraph_text": "Bolton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. Bolton is in eastern Massachusetts, located 25 miles west-northwest of downtown Boston. The population was 4,897 at the 2010 census.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Owensville, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Storck Barracks",
"paragraph_text": "Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How far to the southeast of Stanford is the headquarters city of The Loughlin/Michaels Group?
|
[
{
"id": 443480,
"question": "LMGPR >> headquarters location",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 162393,
"question": "How many miles northwest of #1 is it located?",
"answer": "20 miles",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
20 miles
|
[] | true |
2hop__146404_162393
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Wittmann, Arizona",
"paragraph_text": "Wittmann is a census-designated place in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is located along U.S. Route 60 in the central part of Arizona, about 35 miles northwest of central Phoenix, and while technically located within the city's metropolitan area it is generally regarded by locals to be just outside it. As of the 2010 census, there were 6700 people living in the Wittmann ZIP Code Tabulation Area (85361), but 763 in Wittmann itself.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Fred Iltis",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Iltis (Brno, Czechoslovakia, April 20, 1923 – San Jose, California, December 11, 2008) was an American entomologist. His research focused on the biosystematics and life cycle of mosquitoes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Marquette, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Marquette is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 46 kilometers (29 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Hockley, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Kamela, Oregon",
"paragraph_text": "Kamela is an unincorporated community in Union County, Oregon, United States. It is located west of Interstate 84 about 20 miles northwest of La Grande.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Fred Meyer Jewelers",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Meyer Jewelers started in 1973 as a catalog showroom concept by Fred G. Meyer. As the catalog showroom fad started to die down, Fred Meyer was experiencing excellent sales growth in the fine jewelry category. To capitalize on this sales growth, Fred Meyer placed fine jewelry stores in their large multi-department stores and eventually shopping malls throughout the Western United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mount Carmel, Pennsylvania",
"paragraph_text": "Mount Carmel is a borough in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 5,869 at the 2010 census. It is located 88 miles (141 km) northwest of Philadelphia and 71 miles (114 km) northeast of Harrisburg, in the Anthracite Coal Region. It is completely encompassed by Mount Carmel Township.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Sowers, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Storck Barracks",
"paragraph_text": "Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Woodlands, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Prieta Mesa",
"paragraph_text": "Prieta Mesa is a large mesa located northwest of Albuquerque in Sandoval County, New Mexico. It is approximately 12 miles or 19.4 km long (north to south).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Devil's Courthouse",
"paragraph_text": "Devil's Courthouse is a mountain in the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina in the United States of America. The mountain is located at the Western edge of the Pisgah National Forest about 10 miles (16 kilometers) northwest of Brevard and 28 miles (45 kilometers) southwest of Asheville. Located at milepost 422.4 (kilometer 679.8 km) of the Blue Ridge Parkway, the Devil's Courthouse has a moderate/strenuous trail climbing a half mile to its peak where panoramic views can be seen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Moshannon, Pennsylvania",
"paragraph_text": "Moshannon is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Snow Shoe Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 281 residents. It is located northwest of Interstate 80 at the convergence of Pennsylvania Routes 53 and 144. Black Moshannon Creek, part of the West Branch Susquehanna River watershed, runs through a valley half a mile (0.8 km) south of the town.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Stanford University",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Austin, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Eschwege Airfield",
"paragraph_text": "Eschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Owensville, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "High Hill, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "High Hill is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Farm Road 2672, three miles northwest of Schulenburg, Texas.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many miles northwest of the place where Fred Iltis died is it located?
|
[
{
"id": 146404,
"question": "In what place did Fred Iltis die?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 162393,
"question": "How many miles northwest of #1 is it located?",
"answer": "20 miles",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
}
] |
20 miles
|
[] | true |
2hop__144613_160917
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "OK Bear",
"paragraph_text": "OK Bear is the title of the fifth release by Sunny Day Real Estate frontman Jeremy Enigk. The album was recorded outside Barcelona during the year 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Veterans Day",
"paragraph_text": "Although originally scheduled for celebration on November 11 of every year, starting in 1971 in accordance with the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, Veterans Day was moved to the fourth Monday of October (Oct 25, 1971; Oct 23, 1972; Oct 22, 1973; Oct 28, 1974; Oct 27, 1975; Oct 25, 1976, and Oct 24, 1977). In 1978, it was moved back to its original celebration on November 11. While the legal holiday remains on November 11, if that date happens to be on a Saturday or Sunday, then organizations that formally observe the holiday will normally be closed on the adjacent Friday or Monday, respectively.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jon Snow (character)",
"paragraph_text": "In A Game of Thrones, Jon Snow is introduced as the 14 - year - old bastard son of Eddard ``Ned ''Stark, Lord of Winterfell, and half - brother to Robb, Sansa, Arya, Bran and Rickon. Jon is described as having strong Stark features with a lean build, long face, dark brown hair and grey eyes. Jon has the surname`` Snow'' (customarily used for illegitimate children in the North) and is resented by Ned's wife Catelyn, who views him as a constant reminder of Ned's infidelity. Jon is the same age as Robb and enjoys a warm relationship with his siblings, particularly the tomboy Arya (who resembles Jon and like him does not feel like she fits in). Ned treats Jon as much like his other children as propriety and his honor will allow. Still, as somewhat of an outsider, Jon has learned to be independent and to fend for himself when necessary. Jon idolizes his father, but is wounded by Ned's refusal to tell him about his mother. At the beginning of the story, Jon adopts the albino direwolf that he names Ghost. He later finds that at times he can ``inhabit ''the wolf and share its experiences.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jon Monday",
"paragraph_text": "Jon Monday (born 1947 in San Jose, California) is an American producer and distributor of CDs and DVDs across an eclectic range of material such as Swami Prabhavananda, Aldous Huxley, Christopher Isherwood, Huston Smith, Chalmers Johnson, and Charles Bukowski. Monday directed and co-produced with Jennifer Douglas the feature-length documentary \"Save KLSD: Media Consolidation and Local Radio\". He is also President of Benchmark Recordings, which owns and distributes the early catalog of The Fabulous Thunderbirds CDs and a live recording of Mike Bloomfield.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "October 27",
"paragraph_text": "October 27 in recent years 2017 (Friday) 2016 (Thursday) 2015 (Tuesday) 2014 (Monday) 2013 (Sunday) 2012 (Saturday) 2011 (Thursday) 2010 (Wednesday) 2009 (Tuesday) 2008 (Monday)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet. Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean climate. But snow is very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Bank holiday",
"paragraph_text": "A century after the 1871 Act, the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971, which currently regulates bank holidays in the UK, was passed. The majority of the current bank holidays were specified in the 1971 Act: however New Year's Day and May Day were not introduced throughout the whole of the UK until 1974 and 1978 respectively. The date of the August bank holiday was changed from the first Monday in August to the last Monday in August, and the Whitsun bank holiday (Whit Monday) was replaced by the Late Spring Bank Holiday, fixed as the last Monday in May. In 1978 the first Monday in May in the rest of the UK, and the final Monday of May in Scotland, were designated as bank holidays.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Pod Save America",
"paragraph_text": "Pod Save America is an American progressive political podcast produced and distributed by Crooked Media. The podcast debuted in January 2017 and airs twice weekly, with the Monday edition hosted by former Barack Obama staffers Jon Favreau, Tommy Vietor and Jon Lovett, and the Thursday edition by Favreau and Dan Pfeiffer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Greece",
"paragraph_text": "According to Greek law, every Sunday of the year is a public holiday. In addition, there are four mandatory official public holidays: 25 March (Greek Independence Day), Easter Monday, 15 August (Assumption or Dormition of the Holy Virgin), and 25 December (Christmas). 1 May (Labour Day) and 28 October (Ohi Day) are regulated by law as being optional but it is customary for employees to be given the day off. There are, however, more public holidays celebrated in Greece than are announced by the Ministry of Labour each year as either obligatory or optional. The list of these non-fixed national holidays rarely changes and has not changed in recent decades, giving a total of eleven national holidays each year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Public holidays in South Africa",
"paragraph_text": "Date Name Instituted 1 January New Year's Day 1910 21 March Human Rights Day The Friday before Easter Sunday Good Friday 1910 The Monday following Easter Sunday Family Day 1980 27 April Freedom Day 1 May Workers' Day 1910 16 June Youth Day 1995 9 August National Women's Day 1995 24 September Heritage Day 1995 16 December Day of Reconciliation 1995 25 December Christmas Day 1910 26 December Day of Goodwill (formerly Boxing Day) 1910",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Names of the days of the week",
"paragraph_text": "The names of the days of the week in many languages are derived from the names of the classical planets in Hellenistic astrology, which were in turn named after contemporary deities, a system introduced in the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity. In some other languages, the days are named after corresponding deities of the regional culture, either beginning with Sunday or with Monday. In the international standard ISO 8601, Monday is treated as the first day of the week.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Memorial Day",
"paragraph_text": "Memorial Day or Decoration Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. The holiday, which is currently observed every year on the last Monday of May, was held on May 29, 2017. The holiday was held on May 30 from 1868 to 1970. It marks the start of the unofficial summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Dushanbe",
"paragraph_text": "It was at the crossroads, where a large bazaar occurred on Mondays, hence the name \"Dushanbe-Bazar\" (, \"Dushanbe Bozor\") from \"Dushanbe\", which means \"Monday\" in the Persian language, literally – the second day (du) after Saturday (shambe).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cherryburn",
"paragraph_text": "Cherryburn is a cottage in Mickley, Northumberland, England, which was the birthplace of Thomas Bewick, an English wood engraver and ornithologist. The cottage, its adjacent farmhouse and large grounds, have been managed by the National Trust since 1991 when they took over responsibility for the site from the Bewick Birthplace Trust. Cherryburn is now open to the public 7 days a week between February and November.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Religion in Egypt",
"paragraph_text": "Islam has been the state religion in Egypt since the amendment of the second article of the Egyptian constitution in the year 1980, before which Egypt was recognized as a secular country. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Mu'tazila, Shia Twelvers and Ismailism communities making up the remainder. A significant number of Sunni Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders. Egypt hosts the most important Sunni institution in the world, Al - Azhar University. It is the oldest Islamic institution of higher studies (founded around 970 C.E.), and is considered by many to be the oldest extant university in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "New Year's Eve",
"paragraph_text": "In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on December 31 which is the seventh day of the Christmas season. In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year. Some Christians attend a watchnight service. The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, January 1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Galicia (Spain)",
"paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "With the light rainfall, San Jose and its suburbs experience about 300 fully or partly sunny days a year. Rain occurs primarily in the months from November through April. During the winter and spring, hillsides and fields turn green with grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are few. With the coming of the annual hot summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover which, unfortunately, also provides fuel for grass fires.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "There's Gonna Be a God Damn Riot in Here",
"paragraph_text": "There's Gonna Be a God Damn Riot in Here is a film documenting the last live poetry reading given outside the US by Charles Bukowski, even though he lived and wrote for another 14 years. The reading was given at the Viking Inn, a small concert hall in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada on October 12, 1979. It is produced by Dennis Del Torre and directed by Jon Monday for mondayMEDIA distribution.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Monday Night Football",
"paragraph_text": "To avoid any scheduling unfairness where, just before the first playoff game, a team may have five days off and others six, there is no Monday night game during the final week of the regular season. From 2003 to 2005, one game was played on Thursday and another Monday under the Monday Night Football banner. Starting in 2006, when the series moved to cable, two games are played on the opening Monday night to capitalize on fan interest during ``NFL Kickoff Weekend ''.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Jon Monday's birth city has how many days of sun per year?
|
[
{
"id": 144613,
"question": "What is the birthplace of Jon Monday?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 160917,
"question": "How many sunny days a year does #1 experience?",
"answer": "300",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
300
|
[] | true |
2hop__49857_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever",
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jackson Brundage",
"paragraph_text": "Jackson Timothy Brundage (born January 21, 2001) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Jamie Scott on The CW's One Tree Hill, a role he held from 2008 until the series's conclusion in 2012. Brundage was in the Nick at Nite sitcom, See Dad Run starring Scott Baio which lasted from 2012 to 2015. He was the first voice of Foo in the Nickelodeon series Harvey Beaks before being replaced by Tom Robinson. He has performed in film, television, and voice over. He played Charlie Allan Smith in Lime Salted Love. He also voiced Pablo in Einstein Pals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Woody, a pull - string cowboy doll. Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a space ranger action figure and Woody's rival, who later becomes his best friend. Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, a cynical potato - shaped doll with put - together pieces on his body. Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a dachshund slinky toy. Wallace Shawn as Rex, a nervous green Tyrannosaurus Rex figurine. John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a smart - talking piggy bank. Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a porcelain shepherdess doll and Woody's love interest. John Morris as Andy, Woody and Buzz's six - year - old owner. Erik von Detten as Sid, Andy's next door neighbor and a ten - year - old bully, who tortures toys for his own amusement. Laurie Metcalf as Mrs. Davis, Andy's mother. R. Lee Ermey as Sergeant, the leader of a large troop of plastic green army men. Sarah Freeman as Hannah, Sid's younger sister. Penn Jillette as TV Announcer, Buzz Lightyear commercial announcer",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Cow and Chicken",
"paragraph_text": "Cow and Chicken was notable in that a single actor, Charlie Adler, voiced three leading roles of Cow, Chicken, and the Red Guy. Supporting voices included Candi Milo and Dee Bradley Baker as Mom and Dad, and Dan Castellaneta and Howard Morris as Earl and Flem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wendy Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design. Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting. According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of \"Toy Story\", a scene was cut out of the original final edit. The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently. Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point. Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie. Peter Schneider had grown optimistic about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Sheriff Woody Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear Joan Cusack as Jessie Ned Beatty as Lots - O '- Huggin' Bear John Morris as Andy Davis Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head Blake Clark as Slinky Dog Wallace Shawn as Rex John Ratzenberger as Hamm Estelle Harris as Mrs. Potato Head Michael Keaton as Ken Jodi Benson as Barbie Emily Hahn as Bonnie Anderson Jeff Pidgeon as Aliens Timothy Dalton as Mr. Pricklepants Kristen Schaal as Trixie Jeff Garlin as Buttercup Bonnie Hunt as Dolly Whoopi Goldberg as Stretch Kristen Schaal and Jeff Garlin, who attended the Toy Story 3 panel at the 2010 WonderCon, joined the cast as Trixie and Buttercup, respectively. Jack Angel as Chunk Jan Rabson as Sparks John Cygan as Twitch Laurie Metcalf as Ms. Davis Lori Alan as Bonnie's Mom Bea Miller as Molly Davis R. Lee Ermey as Sarge Teddy Newton as Chatter Telephone Richard Kind as Bookworm Bud Luckey as Chuckles Javier Fernández Peña as Spanish Buzz Charlie Bright as Peaty / Young Andy Amber Kroner as Peatrice Brianna Maiwand as Peanelope Erik von Detten as Sid Jack Willis as The Frog Lee Unkrich as Jack - in - the - Box Bob Peterson as Janitor Woody Smith as Big Baby",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen voiced the character in the Toy Story film series and the Buzz Lightyear movie, while Patrick Warburton provided Buzz's voice for the TV series, and Pat Fraley voiced him for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Estelle Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 4, 1928) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. Easily recognized by her distinctive, high - pitched voice, she is best known for her roles as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld, the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, and Muriel on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
Who does the person who did the voice of Buzz Lightyear in Toy Story play on Last Man Standing?
|
[
{
"id": 49857,
"question": "who does the voice for buzz lightyear in toy story",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__85248_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Sheriff Woody Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear Joan Cusack as Jessie Ned Beatty as Lots - O '- Huggin' Bear John Morris as Andy Davis Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head Blake Clark as Slinky Dog Wallace Shawn as Rex John Ratzenberger as Hamm Estelle Harris as Mrs. Potato Head Michael Keaton as Ken Jodi Benson as Barbie Emily Hahn as Bonnie Anderson Jeff Pidgeon as Aliens Timothy Dalton as Mr. Pricklepants Kristen Schaal as Trixie Jeff Garlin as Buttercup Bonnie Hunt as Dolly Whoopi Goldberg as Stretch Kristen Schaal and Jeff Garlin, who attended the Toy Story 3 panel at the 2010 WonderCon, joined the cast as Trixie and Buttercup, respectively. Jack Angel as Chunk Jan Rabson as Sparks John Cygan as Twitch Laurie Metcalf as Ms. Davis Lori Alan as Bonnie's Mom Bea Miller as Molly Davis R. Lee Ermey as Sarge Teddy Newton as Chatter Telephone Richard Kind as Bookworm Bud Luckey as Chuckles Javier Fernández Peña as Spanish Buzz Charlie Bright as Peaty / Young Andy Amber Kroner as Peatrice Brianna Maiwand as Peanelope Erik von Detten as Sid Jack Willis as The Frog Lee Unkrich as Jack - in - the - Box Bob Peterson as Janitor Woody Smith as Big Baby",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Estelle Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 4, 1928) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. Easily recognized by her distinctive, high - pitched voice, she is best known for her roles as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld, the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, and Muriel on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design. Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting. According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of \"Toy Story\", a scene was cut out of the original final edit. The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently. Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point. Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie. Peter Schneider had grown optimistic about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen voiced the character in the Toy Story film series and the Buzz Lightyear movie, while Patrick Warburton provided Buzz's voice for the TV series, and Pat Fraley voiced him for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Wendy Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever",
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jackson Brundage",
"paragraph_text": "Jackson Timothy Brundage (born January 21, 2001) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Jamie Scott on The CW's One Tree Hill, a role he held from 2008 until the series's conclusion in 2012. Brundage was in the Nick at Nite sitcom, See Dad Run starring Scott Baio which lasted from 2012 to 2015. He was the first voice of Foo in the Nickelodeon series Harvey Beaks before being replaced by Tom Robinson. He has performed in film, television, and voice over. He played Charlie Allan Smith in Lime Salted Love. He also voiced Pablo in Einstein Pals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Cow and Chicken",
"paragraph_text": "Cow and Chicken was notable in that a single actor, Charlie Adler, voiced three leading roles of Cow, Chicken, and the Red Guy. Supporting voices included Candi Milo and Dee Bradley Baker as Mom and Dad, and Dan Castellaneta and Howard Morris as Earl and Flem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Woody, a pull - string cowboy doll. Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a space ranger action figure and Woody's rival, who later becomes his best friend. Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, a cynical potato - shaped doll with put - together pieces on his body. Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a dachshund slinky toy. Wallace Shawn as Rex, a nervous green Tyrannosaurus Rex figurine. John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a smart - talking piggy bank. Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a porcelain shepherdess doll and Woody's love interest. John Morris as Andy, Woody and Buzz's six - year - old owner. Erik von Detten as Sid, Andy's next door neighbor and a ten - year - old bully, who tortures toys for his own amusement. Laurie Metcalf as Mrs. Davis, Andy's mother. R. Lee Ermey as Sergeant, the leader of a large troop of plastic green army men. Sarah Freeman as Hannah, Sid's younger sister. Penn Jillette as TV Announcer, Buzz Lightyear commercial announcer",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What character does the actor who voiced buzz lightyear in toy story depict on Last Man Standing?
|
[
{
"id": 85248,
"question": "the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__443480_160917
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Islam in Romania",
"paragraph_text": "Islam in Romania is followed by only 0.3 percent of population, but has 700 years of tradition in Northern Dobruja, a region on the Black Sea coast which was part of the Ottoman Empire for almost five centuries (ca. 1420-1878). In present-day Romania, most adherents to Islam belong to the Tatar and Turkish ethnic communities and follow the Sunni doctrine. The Islamic religion is one of the 16 rites awarded state recognition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The China Lake Murders",
"paragraph_text": "The China Lake Murders is a 1990 television film starring Tom Skerritt. It is about a small desert town that experiences a series of murders. The film was rated PG-13 and first aired on the USA Network and for many years held the record for the highest rated basic cable film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "New Year's Eve",
"paragraph_text": "In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on December 31 which is the seventh day of the Christmas season. In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year. Some Christians attend a watchnight service. The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, January 1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Sunny Corner, New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "Sunny Corner is a small village in the central west of New South Wales, Australia and former mining area located between Lithgow and Bathurst just north of the Great Western Highway (Route 32). At the , Sunny Corner had a population of 92 people (down from 626 people ten years earlier at the ).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet. Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean climate. But snow is very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "OK Bear",
"paragraph_text": "OK Bear is the title of the fifth release by Sunny Day Real Estate frontman Jeremy Enigk. The album was recorded outside Barcelona during the year 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "With the light rainfall, San Jose and its suburbs experience about 300 fully or partly sunny days a year. Rain occurs primarily in the months from November through April. During the winter and spring, hillsides and fields turn green with grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are few. With the coming of the annual hot summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover which, unfortunately, also provides fuel for grass fires.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Neuenhäusen",
"paragraph_text": "Neuenhäusen is a suburb of the town of Celle in Lower Saxony, Germany, and lies south of the \"Altstadt\" (old town) in its centre. A particular feature of this suburb is that it is where most of the many authorities and public institutions, that have their headquarters in Celle, are located.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Girl at Sewing Machine",
"paragraph_text": "Girl at Sewing Machine is a 1921 painting by Edward Hopper, now in the Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum in Madrid, Spain. It portrays a young girl sitting at a sewing machine facing a window on a beautiful sunny day. The location appears to be New York City as is evident from the yellow bricks in the window. The exterior vantage point although present only aids in putting the interior activity in perspective.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Lewis Food Town",
"paragraph_text": "Lewis Food Town, Inc., doing business as Food Town Grocery Stores, is a chain of grocery stores located in Greater Houston, founded in 1994. The headquarters are in South Houston. Ross Lewis founded it as he came out of retirement. He currently has over 40 years of Grocer experience.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Enter the Void",
"paragraph_text": "Noé's dream project for many years, the production was made possible after the commercial success of his previous feature film, \"Irréversible\" (2002). \"Enter the Void\" was primarily financed by Wild Bunch, while Fidélité Films led the actual production. With a mix of professionals and newcomers, the film makes heavy use of imagery inspired by experimental cinema and psychedelic drug experiences. Principal photography took place on location in Tokyo, and involved many complicated crane shots. Co-producers included the visual effects studio BUF Compagnie, which also provided the computer-generated imagery. The film's soundtrack is a collage of electronic pop and experimental music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Religion in Egypt",
"paragraph_text": "Islam has been the state religion in Egypt since the amendment of the second article of the Egyptian constitution in the year 1980, before which Egypt was recognized as a secular country. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Mu'tazila, Shia Twelvers and Ismailism communities making up the remainder. A significant number of Sunni Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders. Egypt hosts the most important Sunni institution in the world, Al - Azhar University. It is the oldest Islamic institution of higher studies (founded around 970 C.E.), and is considered by many to be the oldest extant university in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "10 Things I Hate About You",
"paragraph_text": "Many of the scenes were filmed on location at Stadium High School and at a house in the Proctor District of Tacoma, Washington. The prom sequence was shot over three days in Seattle.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Kamid al lawz",
"paragraph_text": "Kamid al lawz (or Kamid el-Loz) is located in West Bekaa, Lebanon. Its population numbers several thousand, mostly Sunni, people.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Northern Hemisphere",
"paragraph_text": "The Arctic is the region north of the Arctic Circle. Its climate is characterized by cold winters and cool summers. Precipitation mostly comes in the form of snow. The Arctic experiences some days in summer when the Sun never sets, and some days during the winter when it never rises. The duration of these phases varies from one day for locations right on the Arctic Circle to several months near the North Pole, which is the middle of the Northern Hemisphere.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Galicia (Spain)",
"paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "LMGPR",
"paragraph_text": "LMGPR, The Loughlin/Michaels Group, is a strategic public relations agency founded in 2002 and based in San Jose, CA. LMGPR provides public relations and communications services to technology-based companies both consumer and business to business, and uses a strategic approach to improve client sales, business development and marketing results. The agency is based in the Silicon Valley and has clients worldwide.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Waitin' on a Sunny Day",
"paragraph_text": "\"Waitin' on a Sunny Day\" is a song by Bruce Springsteen that was first released in a recording with the E Street Band on his 2002 album \"The Rising\". Although the song was not released as a single in the United States, it was released as a single in Europe, and was a hit in Sweden.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Living on One Dollar",
"paragraph_text": "The film follows the experience of four young friends as they live on less than $1 a day for two months in rural Guatemala. They battle hunger, parasites and the realization that there are no easy answers. Yet, the generosity and strength of Rosa, a 20 - year - old woman with her husband Anthony, and Chino, a 12 - year - old boy gives them hope that there are effective ways to make a difference.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Camp Meeker, California",
"paragraph_text": "Camp Meeker is an unincorporated community, Sonoma County, United States, located on the Bohemian Highway, between Occidental and Monte Rio. It has approximately 350 homes on properties ranging from a couple thousand square feet to many acres, some flat and sunny, some on steep narrow gauge railroad type one-way streets. The population hovers around 425.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many sunny days a year are there in the city where LMGPR is headquartered?
|
[
{
"id": 443480,
"question": "LMGPR >> headquarters location",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
},
{
"id": 160917,
"question": "How many sunny days a year does #1 experience?",
"answer": "300",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
300
|
[] | true |
2hop__52019_83374
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Santa Clause 2",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Scott Calvin / Santa Claus and Toy Santa Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin Elizabeth Mitchell as Principal Carol Newman Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller Judge Reinhold as Dr. Neal Miller Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller David Krumholtz as Bernard the Elf Spencer Breslin as Curtis the Elf Danielle Woodman as Abby the Elf Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature Peter Boyle as Father Time Jay Thomas as Easter Bunny Kevin Pollak as Cupid Art LaFleur as Tooth Fairy Michael Dorn as Sandman",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Winnie-the-Pooh (book)",
"paragraph_text": "Winnie - the - Pooh (1926) is the first volume of stories about Winnie - the - Pooh, by A.A. Milne. It is followed by The House at Pooh Corner. The book focuses on the adventures of a teddy bear called Winnie - the - Pooh and his friends Piglet, a small toy pig; Eeyore, a toy donkey; Owl, a live owl; and Rabbit, a live rabbit. The characters of Kanga, a toy kangaroo, and her son Roo are introduced later in the book, in the chapter entitled ``In Which Kanga and Baby Roo Come to the Forest and Piglet has a Bath ''. The bouncy toy - tiger character of Tigger is not introduced until the sequel, The House at Pooh Corner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Toy Shop",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Shop is a simulation/role-playing video game video game developed by Portuguese team Seed Studios and published by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It is often compared to the Story of Seasons series but with a Toy Shop theme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Oscar Roberto Cornejo",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Roberto Cornejo \"Toto\" Hernandez (born 13 March 1983 in Santa Rosa, La Pampa) is an Argentine footballer who plays for his hometown team Club Atlético Santa Rosa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Santa Rosa Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Rosa Rugby Club is a men's rugby union team based in and around Santa Rosa, California. The club was founded in 1971. The team plays in the Northern California Rugby Football Union at the Division I level. The Santa Rosa Rugby Club won back to back national championships in 1994-95.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of Pixar films",
"paragraph_text": "As of 000000002017 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2017, Pixar has released 19 feature films, which were all released under the Walt Disney Pictures banner. The company produced its first feature - length film, Toy Story, in 1995. Their second production, A Bug's Life, was released in 1998, followed by their first sequel, Toy Story 2, in 1999. With the exception of Cars 2 (2011), fifteen of the following sixteen features were all critically successful. Pixar had two releases in a single year twice: Inside Out and The Good Dinosaur in 2015 and Cars 3 and Coco in 2017.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Cabbage Patch Kids",
"paragraph_text": "Cabbage Patch Kids Type Dolls Company Coleco (1982 -- 1988) Hasbro (1988 -- 1994) Mattel (1994 -- 2003) Toys ``R ''Us (2003) Play Along (2004 -- 2011) Jakks Pacific (2011 -- 2014) Wicked Cool Toys (2015 -- present) Country United States Availability 1978 -- present Official website",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "National Toy Hall of Fame",
"paragraph_text": "The National Toy Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes the contributions of toys and games that have sustained their popularity for many years. Criteria for induction include: icon status (the toy is widely recognized, respected, and remembered); longevity (more than a passing fad); discovery (fosters learning, creativity, or discovery); and innovation (profoundly changed play or toy design). Established in 1998 under the direction of Ed Sobey, it was originally housed at A.C. Gilbert's Discovery Village in Salem, Oregon, United States, but was moved to the Strong National Museum of Play (now The Strong) in Rochester, New York, in 2002 after it outgrew its original home.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Elizabeth Mitchell",
"paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mitchell (born Elizabeth Joanna Robertson: March 27, 1970) is an American actress known for her role as Dr. Juliet Burke on the ABC series Lost. She also had lead roles on the TV series V and Revolution, as well as the Snow Queen on Once Upon a Time and as Deb Carpenter on Dead of Summer. Mitchell has starred in such films as The Santa Clause 2 & 3: The Escape Clause, Gia and The Purge: Election Year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story is a 1995 American computer - animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The directorial debut of John Lasseter, Toy Story was the first feature - length computer - animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar. Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old - fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, based on a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive - produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Elizabeth Mitchell",
"paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mitchell (born Elizabeth Joanna Robertson: March 27, 1970) is an American actress known for her role as Dr. Juliet Burke on the ABC series Lost. She also had lead roles on the TV series V and Revolution, as well as the Snow Queen on Once Upon a Time and as Deb Carpenter on Dead of Summer. Mitchell has starred in such films as The Santa Clause 2 and The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, Gia, and The Purge: Election Year.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who did the actor who plays toy Santa in Santa Clause 2 play in Toy Story?
|
[
{
"id": 52019,
"question": "who plays the toy santa in santa clause 2",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 83374,
"question": "who did #1 play in toy story",
"answer": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Buzz Lightyear
|
[] | true |
2hop__54752_83374
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Easter Bunny",
"paragraph_text": "The Easter Bunny (also called the Easter Rabbit or Easter Hare) is a folkloric figure and symbol of Easter, depicted as a rabbit bringing Easter eggs. Originating among German Lutherans, the ``Easter Hare ''originally played the role of a judge, evaluating whether children were good or disobedient in behavior at the start of the season of Eastertide. The Easter Bunny is sometimes depicted with clothes. In legend, the creature carries colored eggs in his basket, candy, and sometimes also toys to the homes of children, and as such shows similarities to Santa Claus or the Christkind, as they both bring gifts to children on the night before their respective holidays. The custom was first mentioned in Georg Franck von Franckenau's De ovis paschalibus ('About Easter Eggs') in 1682, referring to a German tradition of an Easter Hare bringing Easter eggs for the children.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Santa Claus Village",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Claus Village is an amusement park in Rovaniemi in the Lapland region of Finland. It was opened in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Year Without a Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "The Year Without a Santa Claus is a 1974 Christmas stop motion animated television special produced by Rankin / Bass Productions. The story is based on Phyllis McGinley's 1956 book of the same name, illustrated by Kurt Werth. It was originally broadcast on December 10, 1974 on ABC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "National Toy Hall of Fame",
"paragraph_text": "The National Toy Hall of Fame is an American hall of fame that recognizes the contributions of toys and games that have sustained their popularity for many years. Criteria for induction include: icon status (the toy is widely recognized, respected, and remembered); longevity (more than a passing fad); discovery (fosters learning, creativity, or discovery); and innovation (profoundly changed play or toy design). Established in 1998 under the direction of Ed Sobey, it was originally housed at A.C. Gilbert's Discovery Village in Salem, Oregon, United States, but was moved to the Strong National Museum of Play (now The Strong) in Rochester, New York, in 2002 after it outgrew its original home.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Here Comes Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "``Here Comes Santa Claus (Down Santa Claus Lane) ''is a Christmas song originally written and performed by Gene Autry, with music composed by Oakley Haldeman. Autry's original version was a top - 10 hit on the pop and country charts; the song would go on to be covered many times in the subsequent decades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Joulutarina",
"paragraph_text": "Joulutarina (English title: \"Christmas Story\") is a 2007 Finnish christmas drama film directed by Juha Wuolijoki. It is the story of how an orphan called Nikolas became Santa Claus. The Finnish premiere was on 16 November 2007. It was largely shot on location in Utsjoki.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Miracle on 34th Street (1994 film)",
"paragraph_text": "Richard Attenborough as Kris Kringle, said to be the real Santa Claus. He reluctantly takes on the duty as Cole's Santa Claus after the original drunk Santa is terminated. Elizabeth Perkins as Dorey Walker, Susan's mother. She is the director of special events for Cole's, and Bryan Bedford's girlfriend. Mara Wilson as Susan Walker, Dorey's 6 - year - old daughter. Dylan McDermott as Bryan Bedford, Dorey's boyfriend and neighbor. J.T. Walsh as Ed Collins, a lawyer Simon Jones as Donald Shellhammer, the general manager of Coles, known for his departing phrase ``Chin - Chin ''. James Remar as Jack Duff, a minion under the greedy Victor Landberg. Jane Leeves as Alberta Leonard, another minion under the greedy Victor Landberg. William Windom as C.F. Cole Robert Prosky as Judge Henry Harper, the city judge presiding over Kris' case. He has a grandson who is seen thinking Kris is Santa Claus in the first scene of the film. Allison Janney as a brazen woman shopper in Cole's Christmas Shopping Center. Jack McGee as Tony Falacchi, the drunk Santa who was fired from being the Cole's Santa Claus. Joss Ackland (uncredited) as Victor Landberg, owner of a competing store who is eager to see Cole's go out of business so he can buy out the facility and extend his market.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Toy Shop",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Shop is a simulation/role-playing video game video game developed by Portuguese team Seed Studios and published by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It is often compared to the Story of Seasons series but with a Toy Shop theme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "The Santa Clause 2",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Scott Calvin / Santa Claus and Toy Santa Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin Elizabeth Mitchell as Principal Carol Newman Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller Judge Reinhold as Dr. Neal Miller Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller David Krumholtz as Bernard the Elf Spencer Breslin as Curtis the Elf Danielle Woodman as Abby the Elf Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature Peter Boyle as Father Time Jay Thomas as Easter Bunny Kevin Pollak as Cupid Art LaFleur as Tooth Fairy Michael Dorn as Sandman",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story is a 1995 American computer - animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The directorial debut of John Lasseter, Toy Story was the first feature - length computer - animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar. Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old - fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, based on a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive - produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Easter Bunny",
"paragraph_text": "The Easter Bunny (also called the Easter Rabbit or Easter Hare) is a folkloric figure and symbol of Easter, depicted as a rabbit bringing Easter eggs. Originating among German Lutherans, the ``Easter Hare ''originally played the role of a judge, evaluating whether children were good or disobedient in behaviour at the start of the season of Eastertide. The Easter Bunny is sometimes depicted with clothes. In legend, the creature carries colored eggs in his basket, candy, and sometimes also toys to the homes of children, and as such shows similarities to Santa Claus or the Christkind, as they both bring gifts to children on the night before their respective holidays. The custom was first mentioned in Georg Franck von Franckenau's De ovis paschalibus ('About Easter Eggs') in 1682, referring to a German tradition of an Easter Hare bringing Easter eggs for the children.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who did the actor who played Toy Santa in The Santa Clause 2 play in Toy Story?
|
[
{
"id": 54752,
"question": "who plays toy santa in santa claus 2",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 83374,
"question": "who did #1 play in toy story",
"answer": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
}
] |
Buzz Lightyear
|
[] | true |
2hop__146404_160917
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Enter the Void",
"paragraph_text": "Noé's dream project for many years, the production was made possible after the commercial success of his previous feature film, \"Irréversible\" (2002). \"Enter the Void\" was primarily financed by Wild Bunch, while Fidélité Films led the actual production. With a mix of professionals and newcomers, the film makes heavy use of imagery inspired by experimental cinema and psychedelic drug experiences. Principal photography took place on location in Tokyo, and involved many complicated crane shots. Co-producers included the visual effects studio BUF Compagnie, which also provided the computer-generated imagery. The film's soundtrack is a collage of electronic pop and experimental music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Waitin' on a Sunny Day",
"paragraph_text": "\"Waitin' on a Sunny Day\" is a song by Bruce Springsteen that was first released in a recording with the E Street Band on his 2002 album \"The Rising\". Although the song was not released as a single in the United States, it was released as a single in Europe, and was a hit in Sweden.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sunny Corner, New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "Sunny Corner is a small village in the central west of New South Wales, Australia and former mining area located between Lithgow and Bathurst just north of the Great Western Highway (Route 32). At the , Sunny Corner had a population of 92 people (down from 626 people ten years earlier at the ).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Alps",
"paragraph_text": "Jean-Jacques Rousseau was the first of many to present the Alps as a place of allure and beauty, banishing the prevalent conception of the mountains as a hellish wasteland inhabited by demons. Rousseau's conception of alpine purity was later emphasized with the publication of Albrecht von Haller's poem Die Alpen that described the mountains as an area of mythical purity. Late in the 18th century the first wave of Romantics such as Goethe and Turner came to admire the scenery; Wordsworth visited the area in 1790, writing of his experiences in The Prelude. Schiller later wrote the play William Tell romanticising Swiss independence. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the Alpine countries began to see an influx of poets, artists, and musicians, as visitors came to experience the sublime effects of monumental nature.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Oskar Maria Graf",
"paragraph_text": "On 1 December 1914, he was drafted for military service. A year later, in 1915, he published his first story, in the magazine Die Freie Straße [\"Free street\"]. In 1916, Graf was nearly court-martialed for refusing a command. However, after a ten-day hunger strike, he was sent instead to a psychiatric hospital and later discharged from the military.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Fred Neufeld",
"paragraph_text": "Fred (Friedrich) Neufeld (17 February 1869 in Danzig – 18 April 1945 in Berlin) was a physician and bacteriologist who discovered the pneumococcal types. This discovery led Fred Griffith to show that one pneumococcal type could be transformed into another (Griffith's experiment). Subsequently, Oswald Avery demonstrated that the transforming substance was DNA. All modern molecular biology has evolved from this work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet. Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean climate. But snow is very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "What Thou Wilt",
"paragraph_text": "What Thou Wilt is an album of contemporary classical music composed by John Zorn and released in October 2010 on the Tzadik label. It was originally composed in 1999, nearly 20 years prior to release. It features many of Zorn's prominent collaborators, including Erik Friedlander, Stephen Drury, and Fred Sherry.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "With the light rainfall, San Jose and its suburbs experience about 300 fully or partly sunny days a year. Rain occurs primarily in the months from November through April. During the winter and spring, hillsides and fields turn green with grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are few. With the coming of the annual hot summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover which, unfortunately, also provides fuel for grass fires.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Das Experiment",
"paragraph_text": "\"Das Experiment\" premiered on 7 March 2001 in Berlin and was released with a theatrical release in Germany one day later. In the UK it was released on 22 March 2002 as \"The Experiment\" and in the United States on 20 September 2002.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Islam in Romania",
"paragraph_text": "Islam in Romania is followed by only 0.3 percent of population, but has 700 years of tradition in Northern Dobruja, a region on the Black Sea coast which was part of the Ottoman Empire for almost five centuries (ca. 1420-1878). In present-day Romania, most adherents to Islam belong to the Tatar and Turkish ethnic communities and follow the Sunni doctrine. The Islamic religion is one of the 16 rites awarded state recognition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Charlie Day",
"paragraph_text": "Day has been married to actress Mary Elizabeth Ellis since March 4, 2006. They met in 2001 and were dating in 2004 when they co-starred as incestuous siblings on Reno 911!. Ellis has a recurring role on It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia as ``The Waitress '', a coffee shop employee and object of the unrequited love and obsession for Day's character. The couple had their first child, a son, in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Religion in Egypt",
"paragraph_text": "Islam has been the state religion in Egypt since the amendment of the second article of the Egyptian constitution in the year 1980, before which Egypt was recognized as a secular country. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Mu'tazila, Shia Twelvers and Ismailism communities making up the remainder. A significant number of Sunni Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders. Egypt hosts the most important Sunni institution in the world, Al - Azhar University. It is the oldest Islamic institution of higher studies (founded around 970 C.E.), and is considered by many to be the oldest extant university in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Galicia (Spain)",
"paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Fred Iltis",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Iltis (Brno, Czechoslovakia, April 20, 1923 – San Jose, California, December 11, 2008) was an American entomologist. His research focused on the biosystematics and life cycle of mosquitoes.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "OK Bear",
"paragraph_text": "OK Bear is the title of the fifth release by Sunny Day Real Estate frontman Jeremy Enigk. The album was recorded outside Barcelona during the year 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Fred Meyer Jewelers",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Meyer Jewelers started in 1973 as a catalog showroom concept by Fred G. Meyer. As the catalog showroom fad started to die down, Fred Meyer was experiencing excellent sales growth in the fine jewelry category. To capitalize on this sales growth, Fred Meyer placed fine jewelry stores in their large multi-department stores and eventually shopping malls throughout the Western United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The China Lake Murders",
"paragraph_text": "The China Lake Murders is a 1990 television film starring Tom Skerritt. It is about a small desert town that experiences a series of murders. The film was rated PG-13 and first aired on the USA Network and for many years held the record for the highest rated basic cable film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Living on One Dollar",
"paragraph_text": "The film follows the experience of four young friends as they live on less than $1 a day for two months in rural Guatemala. They battle hunger, parasites and the realization that there are no easy answers. Yet, the generosity and strength of Rosa, a 20 - year - old woman with her husband Anthony, and Chino, a 12 - year - old boy gives them hope that there are effective ways to make a difference.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Alexander Graham Bell",
"paragraph_text": "In the following year, Bell became professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at the Boston University School of Oratory. During this period, he alternated between Boston and Brantford, spending summers in his Canadian home. At Boston University, Bell was \"swept up\" by the excitement engendered by the many scientists and inventors residing in the city. He continued his research in sound and endeavored to find a way to transmit musical notes and articulate speech, but although absorbed by his experiments, he found it difficult to devote enough time to experimentation. While days and evenings were occupied by his teaching and private classes, Bell began to stay awake late into the night, running experiment after experiment in rented facilities at his boarding house. Keeping \"night owl\" hours, he worried that his work would be discovered and took great pains to lock up his notebooks and laboratory equipment. Bell had a specially made table where he could place his notes and equipment inside a locking cover. Worse still, his health deteriorated as he suffered severe headaches. Returning to Boston in fall 1873, Bell made a fateful decision to concentrate on his experiments in sound.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many sunny days a year does the city where Fred Iltis died experience?
|
[
{
"id": 146404,
"question": "In what place did Fred Iltis die?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 160917,
"question": "How many sunny days a year does #1 experience?",
"answer": "300",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
300
|
[] | true |
2hop__71758_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jackson Brundage",
"paragraph_text": "Jackson Timothy Brundage (born January 21, 2001) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Jamie Scott on The CW's One Tree Hill, a role he held from 2008 until the series's conclusion in 2012. Brundage was in the Nick at Nite sitcom, See Dad Run starring Scott Baio which lasted from 2012 to 2015. He was the first voice of Foo in the Nickelodeon series Harvey Beaks before being replaced by Tom Robinson. He has performed in film, television, and voice over. He played Charlie Allan Smith in Lime Salted Love. He also voiced Pablo in Einstein Pals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cow and Chicken",
"paragraph_text": "Cow and Chicken was notable in that a single actor, Charlie Adler, voiced three leading roles of Cow, Chicken, and the Red Guy. Supporting voices included Candi Milo and Dee Bradley Baker as Mom and Dad, and Dan Castellaneta and Howard Morris as Earl and Flem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Kaitlyn Dever",
"paragraph_text": "Kaitlyn Dever (/ ˈdiːvər /; born December 21, 1996) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Gwen Thompson in An American Girl: Chrissa Stands Strong, Loretta McCready in Justified, Eve Baxter in Last Man Standing, and Jayden Cole in Short Term 12.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Estelle Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Estelle Harris (née Nussbaum; April 4, 1928) is an American actress, voice actress and comedian. Easily recognized by her distinctive, high - pitched voice, she is best known for her roles as Estelle Costanza on Seinfeld, the voice of Mrs. Potato Head in the Toy Story franchise, and Muriel on The Suite Life of Zack & Cody.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_text": "He is voiced by Tim Allen in the Toy Story films, few video games, the upcoming video game Kingdom Hearts III, and the Buzz Lightyear movie, Patrick Warburton in the TV series, and by Pat Fraley for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Wendy Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Woody, a pull - string cowboy doll. Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a space ranger action figure and Woody's rival, who later becomes his best friend. Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, a cynical potato - shaped doll with put - together pieces on his body. Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a dachshund slinky toy. Wallace Shawn as Rex, a nervous green Tyrannosaurus Rex figurine. John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a smart - talking piggy bank. Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a porcelain shepherdess doll and Woody's love interest. John Morris as Andy, Woody and Buzz's six - year - old owner. Erik von Detten as Sid, Andy's next door neighbor and a ten - year - old bully, who tortures toys for his own amusement. Laurie Metcalf as Mrs. Davis, Andy's mother. R. Lee Ermey as Sergeant, the leader of a large troop of plastic green army men. Sarah Freeman as Hannah, Sid's younger sister. Penn Jillette as TV Announcer, Buzz Lightyear commercial announcer",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Sheriff Woody Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear Joan Cusack as Jessie Ned Beatty as Lots - O '- Huggin' Bear John Morris as Andy Davis Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head Blake Clark as Slinky Dog Wallace Shawn as Rex John Ratzenberger as Hamm Estelle Harris as Mrs. Potato Head Michael Keaton as Ken Jodi Benson as Barbie Emily Hahn as Bonnie Anderson Jeff Pidgeon as Aliens Timothy Dalton as Mr. Pricklepants Kristen Schaal as Trixie Jeff Garlin as Buttercup Bonnie Hunt as Dolly Whoopi Goldberg as Stretch Kristen Schaal and Jeff Garlin, who attended the Toy Story 3 panel at the 2010 WonderCon, joined the cast as Trixie and Buttercup, respectively. Jack Angel as Chunk Jan Rabson as Sparks John Cygan as Twitch Laurie Metcalf as Ms. Davis Lori Alan as Bonnie's Mom Bea Miller as Molly Davis R. Lee Ermey as Sarge Teddy Newton as Chatter Telephone Richard Kind as Bookworm Bud Luckey as Chuckles Javier Fernández Peña as Spanish Buzz Charlie Bright as Peaty / Young Andy Amber Kroner as Peatrice Brianna Maiwand as Peanelope Erik von Detten as Sid Jack Willis as The Frog Lee Unkrich as Jack - in - the - Box Bob Peterson as Janitor Woody Smith as Big Baby",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who on Last Man Standing plays the father of the actor who did the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story?
|
[
{
"id": 71758,
"question": "who does the voice of buzz lightyear in toy story",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__149855_511442
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Aozora Bunko",
"paragraph_text": "Aozora Bunko (, literally the \"Blue Sky Library\", also known as the \"Open Air Library\") is a Japanese digital library. This online collection encompasses several thousands of works of Japanese-language fiction and non-fiction. These include out-of-copyright books or works that the authors wish to make freely available.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Martin Van Buren",
"paragraph_text": "Martin Van Buren was born on December 5, 1782, in the village of Kinderhook, New York about 20 miles (32 km) south of Albany on the Hudson River. He was the first President not born a British subject, or even of British ancestry. He was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen, near the town of Buren in the Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631 and had purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island; his son Martin Cornelisen took the surname Van Buren. His father, Abraham Van Buren (1737 -- 1817), owned and operated an inn and tavern, and Martin was born in a house that was attached to the tavern. Abraham Van Buren supported the Patriot cause during the American Revolution as a captain in the Albany County Militia's 7th Regiment, and later joined the Jeffersonian Republicans. He was active in local politics and government, and served as Kinderhook's town clerk from 1787 to 1797. In 1776, Abraham Van Buren married Maria Hoes (or Goes) Van Alen (1747 -- 1818), the widow of Johannes Van Alen.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Crack in Space",
"paragraph_text": "The Crack in Space is a 1966 science fiction novel by American writer Philip K. Dick. In the United Kingdom, it has been published under the title of the original novella, \"Cantata 140\", published in the July 1964 issue of\" The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction\". This original title refers to the short title in English, \"Sleepers Awake\", of J.S. Bach's Cantata BWV 140 and the novel's 'bibs', the millions sleeping in suspended animation. Both are based on the short story \"Prominent Author\". The common elements are the Jiffi-scuttler transport device, the company, Terran Development, that manufactures it (and still exists to play a large role in the later works), and a brief summary of \"Prominent Author\" as an event of the past in chapter 2. The \"crack in space\" is a defect in Jiffi-scuttler operation that allows access to the earth (in \"Prominent Author\") and to parallel earths (in the later works) at various times and locations, beyond its intended use of providing near-instant transport between specific locations on the earth in the present.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Joseph Andrews",
"paragraph_text": "Joseph Andrews, or The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and of his Friend Mr. Abraham Adams, was the first published full - length novel of the English author Henry Fielding, and indeed among the first novels in the English language. Published in 1742 and defined by Fielding as a ``comic epic poem in prose '', it is the story of a good - natured footman's adventures on the road home from London with his friend and mentor, the absent - minded parson Abraham Adams. The novel represents the coming together of the two competing aesthetics of 18th - century literature: the mock - heroic and neoclassical (and, by extension, aristocratic) approach of Augustans such as Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift; and the popular, domestic prose fiction of novelists such as Daniel Defoe and Samuel Richardson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Alex Cross",
"paragraph_text": "Alex Cross is a fictional character created by author James Patterson. He is the protagonist of the series of books about a former FBI agent and psychologist who works in Washington, D.C.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "James Van Pelt",
"paragraph_text": "James Van Pelt (born 1954 in Akron, Ohio) is an American science fiction author who began publishing in the mid-90s. He is also a teacher in the language arts department at Fruita Monument High School in Fruita, Colorado. He is also the former advisor of The Catalyst, the student-run monthly magazine of Fruita Monument High School.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Joan Bernott",
"paragraph_text": "Joan Bernott is an American author of short science fiction whose work has appeared in the anthologies\" Again, Dangerous Visions\" and\" Cassandra Rising\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "The Garin Death Ray",
"paragraph_text": "The Garin Death Ray also known as The Death Box and The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin () is a science fiction novel by the noted Russian author Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy written in 1926–1927. Vladimir Nabokov considered it Tolstoy's finest fictional work.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Van Helsing (TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Van Helsing is an American - Canadian dark fantasy horror drama television series that premiered on September 23, 2016 on Syfy in the United States. The series was originally slated to premiere in Canada on Super Channel, but because of Super Channel's ongoing bankruptcy proceedings, the series was ultimately dropped from their schedule and instead premiered on Netflix on December 23, 2016.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Abraham Pietersen van Deusen",
"paragraph_text": "Abraham Pietersen van Deursen (before November 11, 1607 – c. 1670), aka Abraham Pietersen van Deusen, was an immigrant from Holland who settled in New Amsterdam and become one of the Council of 12 that was the first representative democracy in the Dutch colony. The Van Deursen, Van Deusen, Van Duser, Van Duzer, Van Duzor, Vanduzee, and Van Dusen families of the United States and Canada are all descended from Abraham Pietersen van Deusen, a miller and a native originating from Haarlem in the Netherlands.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Abraham Van Helsing",
"paragraph_text": "Professor Abraham Van Helsing is a fictional character from the 1897 gothic horror novel \"Dracula\". Van Helsing is an aged polymath Dutch doctor with a wide range of interests and accomplishments, partly attested by the string of letters that follows his name: \"MD, D.Ph., D.Litt., etc.\", indicating a wealth of experience, education and expertise. The character is best known throughout many adaptations of the story as a vampire hunter and the archenemy of Count Dracula.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula is a 1973 horror film directed by Alan Gibson and produced by Hammer Film Productions. It is the eighth film in Hammer's \"Dracula\" series, and the seventh and final one to feature Christopher Lee as Dracula. The film was also the third to unite Peter Cushing as Van Helsing with Lee, following \"Dracula\" (1958) and \"Dracula A.D. 1972\" (1972).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Nocturnal Animals",
"paragraph_text": "Amy Adams as Susan Morrow, a rich art gallery owner living in Los Angeles Jake Gyllenhaal as Edward Sheffield, Susan's estranged ex-husband and novelist Armie Hammer as Hutton Morrow, Susan's second husband, who has been neglectful towards Susan Laura Linney as Anne Sutton, Susan's estranged mother Andrea Riseborough as Alessia Holt, Carlos' wife Michael Sheen as Carlos Holt, Alessia's homosexual husband India Menuez as Samantha Morrow, Susan's daughter Zawe Ashton as Alex Jena Malone as Sage Ross Kristin Bauer van Straten as Samantha Van Helsing",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Charles-André van Loo",
"paragraph_text": "Carle or Charles-André van Loo (; 15 February 1705 – 15 July 1765) was a French subject painter, son of the painter Louis-Abraham van Loo, a younger brother of Jean-Baptiste van Loo and grandson of Jacob van Loo. He was the most famous member of a successful dynasty of painters of Dutch origin. His oeuvre includes every category: religion, history painting, mythology, portraiture, allegory, and genre scenes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Dracula (1996 play)",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an adaptation, first published in 1996, by American playwright Steven Dietz of Bram Stoker's novel by the same name. Though it has never run on Broadway, the author lists it among his most financially successful works, and it is frequently performed near Halloween in regional and community theaters. Closely following the plot of the novel, the play chronicles Count Dracula's journey to England, his stalking of two young women, and his pursuit and eventual defeat by the heroines' suitors and their associates.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation",
"paragraph_text": "Kathryn Hahn as Ericka Van Helsing: The captain and cruise director of the cruise ship Legacy. She is secretly continuing her great - grandfather's wishes in eliminating monsters and is Dracula's love interest.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Van Helsing (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Van Helsing is a 2004 American - Czech horror film written and directed by Stephen Sommers. It stars Hugh Jackman as vigilante monster hunter Van Helsing, and Kate Beckinsale as Anna Valerious. The film is an homage and tribute to the Universal Horror Monster films from the 1930s and '40s (also produced by Universal Studios which were in turn based on novels by Bram Stoker and Mary Shelley), of which Sommers is a fan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Abraham Lincoln's World",
"paragraph_text": "Abraham Lincoln's World is a children's history book by Genevieve Foster. Illustrated by the author, it was first published in 1944 and was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1945.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation",
"paragraph_text": "Ericka goes to a secret room on the lower decks where she meets Abraham Van Helsing, who is revealed to be her great - grandfather and is almost completely mechanised, to avoid death. Van Helsing has plans to eliminate all the monsters, in the cruise upon its arrival at the lost city of Atlantis using an Instrument of Destruction, that could be found in Atlantis's ruins. Van Helsing makes Ericka promise to not assassinate Dracula beforehand, but she repeatedly attempts to do so anyway, albeit unsuccessfully, much to her frustration. After failing to kill Dracula at an underwater volcano, Ericka moans about being unable to get him. Dracula's friends hear this, and thinking that Ericka likes him, inform Dracula about what they heard. Dracula nervously asks Ericka out on a date, and she accepts since she sees this as another chance to kill the vampire. However, as they dine on a deserted island, Ericka begins to fall in love with Drac, after they learn about each other's pasts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Martin Van Buren",
"paragraph_text": "Martin Van Buren was born on December 5, 1782, in the village of Kinderhook, New York about 20 miles (32 km) south of Albany on the Hudson River. He was the first president not born a British subject, nor of British ancestry. His father, Abraham Van Buren, was a descendant of Cornelis Maessen of the village of Buurmalsen, Netherlands, who had come to North America in 1631 and purchased a plot of land on Manhattan Island. Abraham Van Buren had been a Patriot during the American Revolution, and he later joined the Democratic - Republican Party. Abraham owned and operated an inn and tavern in Kinderhook and served as Kinderhook's town clerk for several years. In 1776, Abraham married Maria Hoes (or Goes) Van Alen, the widow of Johannes Van Alen. Like Abraham Van Buren, Maria was of Dutch extraction. With Van Alen, Maria had had three children, including future Congressman James I. Van Alen. After their marriage, Abraham and Maria produced five children, including Martin. Unlike every other president before or since, Van Buren spoke English as a second language, and his primary language in his youth was Dutch.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the writer of the 1996 play that features the character of Abraham Van Helsing?
|
[
{
"id": 149855,
"question": "What fictional work does Abraham Van Helsing exist in?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 511442,
"question": "#1 >> author",
"answer": "Steven Dietz",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
}
] |
Steven Dietz
|
[] | true |
2hop__464907_83374
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "John Lasseter",
"paragraph_text": "He has won two Academy Awards, for Animated Short Film (Tin Toy), as well as a Special Achievement Award (Toy Story). Lasseter has been nominated on four other occasions—in the category of Animated Feature, for both Monsters, Inc. (2001) and Cars, in the Original Screenplay category for Toy Story and in the Animated Short category for Luxo, Jr. (1986)—while the short Knick Knack (1989) was selected by Terry Gilliam as one of the ten best animated films of all time. In 2008, he was honored with the Winsor McCay Award, the lifetime achievement award for animators.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Conmen in Vegas",
"paragraph_text": "The Conmen in Vegas is a 1999 Hong Kong action comedy film produced, written and directed by Wong Jing and is a sequel to the 1998 film, \"The Conman\". The film stars original returning cast members Andy Lau and Nick Cheung with new cast members Natalis Chan, Kelly Lin, Meggie Yu, Alex Man and Jewel Lee in her debut film role. The film was partially filmed in the Caesars Palace Resort, Las Vegas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Comedy's Dirtiest Dozen",
"paragraph_text": "Comedy's Dirtiest Dozen is a stand-up comedy concert film featuring big name talents before they reached stardom, including Tim Allen, Chris Rock, and Bill Hicks. It was created and produced by Stuart S. Shapiro after the cult success of his film Mondo New York. The performances were shot on film, instead of on tape like most comedy shows of the time. Island Films (an offshoot of Chris Blackwell's Island Records) intended to run Comedy's Dirtiest Dozen in theaters and not on cable TV. Due to financial changes at Island, the film was only screened in New York and Los Angeles, only to be released on VHS and DVD after Tim Allen and Chris Rock became stars. It has been shown on The Ovation Channel.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song by Randy Newman. Used as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become a major musical component for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is a 2002 American comedy-drama film starring an ensemble cast headed by Sandra Bullock, directed and written by Callie Khouri. It is based on Rebecca Wells' novel of the same name and its prequel collection of short stories, \"Little Altars Everywhere\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Toy Shop",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Shop is a simulation/role-playing video game video game developed by Portuguese team Seed Studios and published by Majesco Entertainment for the Nintendo DS handheld video game console. It is often compared to the Story of Seasons series but with a Toy Shop theme.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Air pollution in Mexico City",
"paragraph_text": "It has been said that ``Mexico City's air has gone from among the world's cleanest to among the dirtiest in the span of a generation. ''Historic air pollution episodes of the 1950s led to acute increases in infant mortality.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Crazy on the Outside",
"paragraph_text": "Crazy on the Outside is a 2010 American comedy film starring and directed by Tim Allen. The film marks Allen's feature film directorial debut, and is notable for reuniting Allen with co-stars from many of his previous films (Sigourney Weaver from \"Galaxy Quest\", Ray Liotta from \"Wild Hogs\", Kelsey Grammer from \"Toy Story 2\" and Julie Bowen from \"Joe Somebody\").",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "DAAS Kapital",
"paragraph_text": "DAAS Kapital is an Australian television comedy series written by and starring comedy trio the Doug Anthony All Stars (Paul McDermott, Tim Ferguson and Richard Fidler) with supporting cast members Paul Livingston, Michael Petroni, Bob Downe and Khym Lam. The title is a reference to the trio's acronym \"DAAS\" and Karl Marx's economic treatise \"Das Kapital\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Mary Agnes Tincker",
"paragraph_text": "Mary Agnes Tincker (July 18, 1833 – December 4, 1907) was an American novelist. She published about a dozen novels and many short stories. She was made a member of the Ancient Academy of Arcadia of Rome, and of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadelphia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story is a 1995 American computer - animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. The directorial debut of John Lasseter, Toy Story was the first feature - length computer - animated film and the first feature film produced by Pixar. Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, the film's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody, an old - fashioned pullstring cowboy doll (voiced by Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (voiced by Tim Allen), as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy, their owner, to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home. The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow, based on a story by Lasseter, Pete Docter, Stanton and Joe Ranft. The film features music by Randy Newman, and was executive - produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Quitting",
"paragraph_text": "Quitting () is a 2001 Chinese drama film directed by Zhang Yang, starring and based on the true life story of Jia Hongsheng. Jia, an actor and former drug addict, battled his addiction to marijuana and heroin for five years from 1992 to 1997. All members of the cast, from Jia and Jia's family members right down to the doctors and patients at a mental institute Jia was admitted to, are real people playing themselves. The film premiered at the Venice Film Festival on 4 September 2001 and clinched the NETPAC Award.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who does the cast member of Comedy's Dirtiest Dozen play in Toy Story?
|
[
{
"id": 464907,
"question": "Comedy's Dirtiest Dozen >> cast member",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
},
{
"id": 83374,
"question": "who did #1 play in toy story",
"answer": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
Buzz Lightyear
|
[] | true |
2hop__584324_162393
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Richardson Mountains",
"paragraph_text": "The Richardson Mountains are a mountain range located west of the mouth of the Mackenzie River in northern Yukon, Canada. They parallel the northernmost part of the boundary between Yukon and Northwest Territories.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Storck Barracks",
"paragraph_text": "Storck Barracks/Illesheim Kaserne is a United States Army facility adjacent to Illesheim, Germany, located about 15 miles northwest of Ansbach (Bavaria), about 240 miles south-southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Hockley, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Piedmont Hills High School",
"paragraph_text": "Piedmont Hills High School is a comprehensive public four-year high school located in the Berryessa neighborhood of San Jose, California, USA. It is part of the East Side Union High School District and is the second highest performing school in the district, based on California's Academic Performance Index. It is currently a California Distinguished School and has received various awards in several aspects of its curriculum. Together with Independence High School and Yerba Buena High School, Piedmont Hills is one of a few schools in the district to have its own music program.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Norfolk Island",
"paragraph_text": "Norfolk Island is located in the South Pacific Ocean, east of the Australian mainland. Norfolk Island is the main island of the island group the territory encompasses and is located at 29°02′S 167°57′E / 29.033°S 167.950°E / -29.033; 167.950. It has an area of 34.6 square kilometres (13.4 sq mi), with no large-scale internal bodies of water and 32 km (20 mi) of coastline. The island's highest point is Mount Bates (319 metres (1,047 feet) above sea level), located in the northwest quadrant of the island. The majority of the terrain is suitable for farming and other agricultural uses. Phillip Island, the second largest island of the territory, is located at 29°07′S 167°57′E / 29.117°S 167.950°E / -29.117; 167.950, seven kilometres (4.3 miles) south of the main island.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Olney, Missouri",
"paragraph_text": "Olney is an unincorporated community in western Lincoln County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route O, approximately twelve miles northwest of Troy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Marquette, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Marquette is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 46 kilometers (29 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Woodlands, Manitoba",
"paragraph_text": "Woodlands is an unincorporated community in the Rural Municipality of Woodlands in the Interlake Region of Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) northwest of Winnipeg.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, Kansas, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Geographic center of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Its position as located in a 1918 survey is located at 39 ° 50 ′ N 98 ° 35 ′ W / 39.833 ° N 98.583 ° W / 39.833; - 98.583 (Geographic Center of the Contiguous United States), in Kansas about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of the center of Lebanon, approximately 12 miles (19 km) south of the Kansas - Nebraska border.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sowers, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Sowers is a ghost town located approximately 11 miles northwest of Dallas, Texas in Dallas County. Today, the once rural community is located entirely within the boundaries of Irving, Texas. Of the original townsite, only the cemetery remains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Lutsel K'e Dene School",
"paragraph_text": "Lutsel K'e Dene School is a K-12 public school located in Lutselk'e, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the settlement and serves a student population of approximately 73 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Eschwege Airfield",
"paragraph_text": "Eschwege Airfield is a former military airfield located in Germany in the northwest part of Eschwege (Hessen); approximately 170 miles southwest of Berlin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Stanford University",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "High Hill, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "High Hill is an unincorporated community in southwestern Fayette County, Texas, United States. It is located on Farm Road 2672, three miles northwest of Schulenburg, Texas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Enterprise, Northwest Territories",
"paragraph_text": "Enterprise is a hamlet in the South Slave Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada, located between Great Slave Lake and the Alberta border on the Hay River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Austin, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Austin, the southernmost state capital of the contiguous 48 states, is located in Central Texas. Austin is 160 miles (260 km) northwest of Houston, 195 miles (310 km) south of Dallas and 80 miles (130 km) northeast of San Antonio.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Berryessa Highlands, California",
"paragraph_text": "Berryessa Highlands is an unincorporated community in Napa County, California. It lies on the southeastern shore of Lake Berryessa. The Berryessa Highlands Development Company developed much of the community, and in 1981 still owned approximately 125 lots in the subdivision. It is surrounded by the Blue Ridge Berryessa Natural Area and Putah Creek State Wildlife Area is to the east. Of note is its church at Lake Berryessa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Owensville, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Owensville is a former community in Robertson County, Texas, United States. Owensville was located on Farm to Market Road 46 five miles northwest of Franklin.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Deninu School",
"paragraph_text": "Deninu School is a K-12 public school located in Fort Resolution, Northwest Territories, Canada. The school currently represents the only public education option for youth in the hamlet and serves a student population of approximately 125 students. The administration of the school is the responsibility of the South Slave Divisional Education Council (SSDEC).",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many miles northwest is Stanford from the city where the Berryessa neighborhood is located?
|
[
{
"id": 584324,
"question": "Berryessa >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 162393,
"question": "How many miles northwest of #1 is it located?",
"answer": "20 miles",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
20 miles
|
[] | true |
2hop__54752_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Polar Express (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as the Hero Boy (motion - capture only), the Hero Boy's father, the Conductor, the Hobo, Santa Claus, and the Narrator Daryl Sabara as the Hero Boy (voice) Josh Hutcherson as the Hero Boy (additional motion - capture)",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "The Santa Clause 2",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Scott Calvin / Santa Claus and Toy Santa Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin Elizabeth Mitchell as Principal Carol Newman Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller Judge Reinhold as Dr. Neal Miller Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller David Krumholtz as Bernard the Elf Spencer Breslin as Curtis the Elf Danielle Woodman as Abby the Elf Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature Peter Boyle as Father Time Jay Thomas as Easter Bunny Kevin Pollak as Cupid Art LaFleur as Tooth Fairy Michael Dorn as Sandman",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Staples Pond",
"paragraph_text": "Staples Pond is located in the town of Temple, Maine, in the United States. Some locals prefer to call it \"Santa Claus Lake\", because of its appearance from the air. Water from Staples Pond flows via Temple Stream to the Sandy River in Farmington, and thence to the Kennebec River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Santa Rosa Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Rosa Rugby Club is a men's rugby union team based in and around Santa Rosa, California. The club was founded in 1971. The team plays in the Northern California Rugby Football Union at the Division I level. The Santa Rosa Rugby Club won back to back national championships in 1994-95.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "To All a Goodnight",
"paragraph_text": "To All a Goodnight is a 1980 American slasher film directed by David Hess and starring Jennifer Runyon and Forrest Swanson. Its plot follows a group of female finishing school students and their boyfriends being murdered during a Christmas party by a vengeful psychopath dressed as Santa Claus.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Year Without a Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "The Year Without a Santa Claus is a 1974 Christmas stop motion animated television special produced by Rankin / Bass Productions. The story is based on Phyllis McGinley's 1956 book of the same name, illustrated by Kurt Werth. It was originally broadcast on December 10, 1974 on ABC.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "FC Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "FC Santa Claus AC (abbreviated Santa) is a football club from Rovaniemi, Finland. The club was formed in 1993 following the amalgamation of Rovaniemen Reipas and Rovaniemen Lappi football clubs. FC Santa Claus won its group in Kakkonen, but lost promotion play-offs final to HIFK and failed to gain promotion to the Ykkönen league in 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "Hundreds of movies have been shot or set in part within the city of Santa Monica. One of the oldest exterior shots in Santa Monica is Buster Keaton's Spite Marriage (1929) which shows much of 2nd Street. The comedy It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963) included several scenes shot in Santa Monica, including those along the California Incline, which led to the movie's treasure spot, \"The Big W\". The Sylvester Stallone film Rocky III (1982) shows Rocky Balboa and Apollo Creed training to fight Clubber Lang by running on the Santa Monica Beach, and Stallone's Demolition Man (1993) includes Santa Monica settings. Henry Jaglom's indie Someone to Love (1987), the last film in which Orson Welles appeared, takes place in Santa Monica's venerable Mayfair Theatre. Heathers (1989) used Santa Monica's John Adams Middle School for many exterior shots. The Truth About Cats & Dogs (1996) is set entirely in Santa Monica, particularly the Palisades Park area, and features a radio station that resembles KCRW at Santa Monica College. 17 Again (2009) was shot at Samohi. Other films that show significant exterior shots of Santa Monica include Fletch (1985), Species (1995), Get Shorty (1995), and Ocean's Eleven (2001). Richard Rossi's biopic Aimee Semple McPherson opens and closes at the beach in Santa Monica. Iron Man features the Santa Monica pier and surrounding communities as Tony Stark tests his experimental flight suit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Here Comes Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "``Here Comes Santa Claus (Down Santa Claus Lane) ''is a Christmas song originally written and performed by Gene Autry, with music composed by Oakley Haldeman. Autry's original version was a top - 10 hit on the pop and country charts; the song would go on to be covered many times in the subsequent decades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Easter Bunny",
"paragraph_text": "The Easter Bunny (also called the Easter Rabbit or Easter Hare) is a folkloric figure and symbol of Easter, depicted as a rabbit bringing Easter eggs. Originating among German Lutherans, the ``Easter Hare ''originally played the role of a judge, evaluating whether children were good or disobedient in behaviour at the start of the season of Eastertide. The Easter Bunny is sometimes depicted with clothes. In legend, the creature carries colored eggs in his basket, candy, and sometimes also toys to the homes of children, and as such shows similarities to Santa Claus or the Christkind, as they both bring gifts to children on the night before their respective holidays. The custom was first mentioned in Georg Franck von Franckenau's De ovis paschalibus ('About Easter Eggs') in 1682, referring to a German tradition of an Easter Hare bringing Easter eggs for the children.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Santa Claus Village",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Claus Village is an amusement park in Rovaniemi in the Lapland region of Finland. It was opened in 1985.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Joulutarina",
"paragraph_text": "Joulutarina (English title: \"Christmas Story\") is a 2007 Finnish christmas drama film directed by Juha Wuolijoki. It is the story of how an orphan called Nikolas became Santa Claus. The Finnish premiere was on 16 November 2007. It was largely shot on location in Utsjoki.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Christmas Evil",
"paragraph_text": "Christmas Evil (originally titled You Better Watch Out, also known as Terror in Toyland) is a 1980 American psychological slasher film written and directed by Lewis Jackson and starring Brandon Maggart. The plot follows a deranged man obsessed with Santa Claus who eventually goes on a murderous rampage dressed in a Santa suit. Since its release, it has gained a cult following, including praise and repeated viewings by director John Waters.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Easter Bunny",
"paragraph_text": "The Easter Bunny (also called the Easter Rabbit or Easter Hare) is a folkloric figure and symbol of Easter, depicted as a rabbit bringing Easter eggs. Originating among German Lutherans, the ``Easter Hare ''originally played the role of a judge, evaluating whether children were good or disobedient in behavior at the start of the season of Eastertide. The Easter Bunny is sometimes depicted with clothes. In legend, the creature carries colored eggs in his basket, candy, and sometimes also toys to the homes of children, and as such shows similarities to Santa Claus or the Christkind, as they both bring gifts to children on the night before their respective holidays. The custom was first mentioned in Georg Franck von Franckenau's De ovis paschalibus ('About Easter Eggs') in 1682, referring to a German tradition of an Easter Hare bringing Easter eggs for the children.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Monica Looff Hippodrome (carousel) is a National Historic Landmark. It sits on the Santa Monica Pier, which was built in 1909. The La Monica Ballroom on the pier was once the largest ballroom in the US and the source for many New Year's Eve national network broadcasts. The Santa Monica Civic Auditorium was an important music venue for several decades and hosted the Academy Awards in the 1960s. McCabe's Guitar Shop is still a leading acoustic performance space as well as retail outlet. Bergamot Station is a city-owned art gallery compound that includes the Santa Monica Museum of Art. The city is also home to the California Heritage Museum and the Angels Attic dollhouse and toy museum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "6abc Dunkin' Donuts Thanksgiving Day Parade",
"paragraph_text": "Started in 1920, the Philadelphia parade is billed as the oldest Thanksgiving Day parade in the country. Like other parades of its type, it features balloons, floats, high school marching bands, and celebrities. The first Thanksgiving Day parade held in 1920 was sponsored by Gimbels department store. When the parade was begun, it was called the Gimbels Thanksgiving Day Parade. Ellis Gimbel, one of the founders of Gimbels Department Stores, wanted his toyland to be the destination of holiday shoppers everywhere. He had more than 50 store employees dressed in costume and sent to walk in their first Thanksgiving Day parade. The parade featured floats and marchers paraded down Market Street, with the finale consisting of Santa Claus arriving at the eight floor toy department at Gimbels by climbing the ladder of a Philadelphia Fire Department ladder truck. Gimbels emulated other holiday parades already in existence. The Santa Claus Parade in Peoria, IL is held on the day after Thanksgiving and is the oldest, continuously - held holiday parade in the country. It was founded in 1887 under the sponsorship of Frederick Block and the Schipper & Block (later Block & Kuhl) Department Store. Block's example led to the founding of similar parades in other cities. The retail parade tradition continues today.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "A Christmas Story",
"paragraph_text": "Peter Billingsley as Ralphie Parker Jean Shepherd as adult Ralphie (voice) Ian Petrella as Randy Parker Melinda Dillon as Mrs. Parker Darren McGavin as Mr. Parker (The Old Man) Scott Schwartz as Flick R.D. Robb as Schwartz Zack Ward as Scut Farkus Yano Anaya as Grover Dill Tedde Moore as Miss Shields Jeff Gillen as Santa Claus",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Santa Claus's reindeer",
"paragraph_text": "The enduring popularity of the Christmas song ``Rudolph the Red - Nosed Reindeer ''has led to Rudolph often joining the list, bringing the number of Santa Claus's reindeer up to nine.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
who is the father of the actor of Toy Santa in Santa Claus 2 on Last Man Standing?
|
[
{
"id": 54752,
"question": "who plays toy santa in santa claus 2",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__90606_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "List of Pixar films",
"paragraph_text": "As of 000000002017 - 01 - 01 - 0000 2017, Pixar has released 19 feature films, which were all released under the Walt Disney Pictures banner. The company produced its first feature - length film, Toy Story, in 1995. Their second production, A Bug's Life, was released in 1998, followed by their first sequel, Toy Story 2, in 1999. With the exception of Cars 2 (2011), fifteen of the following sixteen features were all critically successful. Pixar had two releases in a single year twice: Inside Out and The Good Dinosaur in 2015 and Cars 3 and Coco in 2017.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the fussy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Jodi Benson",
"paragraph_text": "Jodi Marie Marzorati Benson (born October 10, 1961) is an American actress, voice actress and soprano singer. She is best known for providing both the speaking and the singing voice of Disney's Princess Ariel in The Little Mermaid and its sequel, prequel, and television series spinoff. Benson voiced the character Barbie in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 and its 2010 Academy Award - winning sequel Toy Story 3. She also voiced Barbie in the Toy Story toon Hawaiian Vacation. For her contributions to the Disney company, Benson was named a Disney Legend in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "It was difficult for crew members to perceive the film's quality during much of the production process when the finished footage was in scattered pieces and lacked elements like music and sound design. Some animators felt the film would be a significant disappointment commercially, but felt animators and animation fans would find it interesting. According to Lee Unkrich, one of the original editors of \"Toy Story\", a scene was cut out of the original final edit. The scene features Sid, after Pizza Planet, torturing Buzz and Woody violently. Unkrich decided to cut right into the scene where Sid is interrogating the toys because the creators of the movie thought the audience would be loving Buzz and Woody at that point. Another scene, where Woody was trying to get Buzz's attention when he was stuck in the box crate, was shortened because the creators felt it would lose the energy of the movie. Peter Schneider had grown optimistic about the film as it neared completion, and announced a United States release date of November, coinciding with Thanksgiving weekend and the start of the winter holiday season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Woody, a pull - string cowboy doll. Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear, a space ranger action figure and Woody's rival, who later becomes his best friend. Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head, a cynical potato - shaped doll with put - together pieces on his body. Jim Varney as Slinky Dog, a dachshund slinky toy. Wallace Shawn as Rex, a nervous green Tyrannosaurus Rex figurine. John Ratzenberger as Hamm, a smart - talking piggy bank. Annie Potts as Bo Peep, a porcelain shepherdess doll and Woody's love interest. John Morris as Andy, Woody and Buzz's six - year - old owner. Erik von Detten as Sid, Andy's next door neighbor and a ten - year - old bully, who tortures toys for his own amusement. Laurie Metcalf as Mrs. Davis, Andy's mother. R. Lee Ermey as Sergeant, the leader of a large troop of plastic green army men. Sarah Freeman as Hannah, Sid's younger sister. Penn Jillette as TV Announcer, Buzz Lightyear commercial announcer",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Buzz Lightyear",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen voiced the character in the Toy Story film series and the Buzz Lightyear movie, while Patrick Warburton provided Buzz's voice for the TV series, and Pat Fraley voiced him for the video games and the attractions in Disney Parks.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Wendy Schaal",
"paragraph_text": "Wendy K. Schaal (born July 2, 1954) is an American actress and voice - over artist best known for her work in Joe Dante films such as Innerspace, The 'Burbs and Small Soldiers. Since 2005, she has primarily worked in cartoon voice acting, most notably voicing Francine Smith in the animated comedy American Dad!",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3D computer - animated comedy - drama film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the third installment in Pixar's Toy Story series, and the sequel to 1999's Toy Story 2. It was directed by Lee Unkrich, the editor of the first two films and the co-director of Toy Story 2, written by Michael Arndt, while Unkrich wrote the story along with John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton, respectively director and co-writer of the first two films. The plot focuses on the toys Woody, Buzz Lightyear, and their friends dealing with an uncertain future as their owner, Andy, prepares to leave for college. The film features an ensemble voice cast with Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Joan Cusack, Don Rickles, Wallace Shawn, John Ratzenberger, Estelle Harris, Jodi Benson, and John Morris reprising their roles from the previous films, along with Blake Clark as the voice of Slinky Dog (because Jim Varney died ten years before the release of the film) and Ned Beatty, Michael Keaton, Whoopi Goldberg, Timothy Dalton, Kristen Schaal, Bonnie Hunt, and Jeff Garlin voicing the new characters introduced in this film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Last Man Standing is an American television sitcom starring Tim Allen. The series aired on ABC from October 11, 2011 to March 31, 2017 with 130 episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Cow and Chicken",
"paragraph_text": "Cow and Chicken was notable in that a single actor, Charlie Adler, voiced three leading roles of Cow, Chicken, and the Red Guy. Supporting voices included Candi Milo and Dee Bradley Baker as Mom and Dad, and Dan Castellaneta and Howard Morris as Earl and Flem.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Toy Story",
"paragraph_text": "Toy Story was released in theaters on November 22, 1995, and was the highest - grossing film on its opening weekend, earning over $373 million at the worldwide box office. The film was positively reviewed by critics and audiences, who praised the animation's technical innovation, the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay, and the vocal performances of Hanks and Allen. It is considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made. The film received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Original Screenplay, Best Original Score, and Best Original Song for ``You've Got a Friend in Me '', as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award. It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being`` culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant'' in 2005, its first year of eligibility. In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, Toy Story - inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin - offs, merchandise, and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim, with a third sequel, Toy Story 4, slated for a 2019 release.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer. He is best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and films and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the film version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jonathan Harris",
"paragraph_text": "Jonathan Harris (born Jonathan Daniel Charasuchin; November 6, 1914 -- November 3, 2002) was an American character actor. Two of his best - known roles were as the timid accountant Bradford Webster in the television version of The Third Man and the prissy villain Dr. Zachary Smith of the 1960s science fiction series Lost in Space. Near the end of his career, he provided voices for the animated features A Bug's Life and Toy Story 2.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "List of Toy Story characters",
"paragraph_text": "Previously known as Tinny and Lunar Larry, Buzz Lightyear is a modern - day ``space ranger ''action figure, and wears a green and white space suit with various features such as retractable wings and transparent air helmet, a laser`` weapon,'' and various sound effects. In the films, he acts as Woody's second - in - command. In Toy Story, he begins the series believing he is a real space ranger (the other toys are aware that they are toys) and develops a rivalry with Woody, who resents him for getting more attention as the newcomer. During the film, he comes to realize that he is just a toy, and eventually becomes good friends with Woody. He is extremely loyal to his friends. During his time trapped at Sid's house, Hannah, Sid's sister, called Buzz Mrs. Nesbit. In Toy Story 2, Buzz goes to save Woody from Al with Potato Head, Hamm, Rex, and Slink (Slinky Dog) where he gets stuck in the Buzz Lightyear aisle in Al's Toy Barn by another Buzz and finds out for himself what he was really like. In Toy Story 3, a relationship begins to develop between Buzz and Jessie. He is particularly open with his affection when accidentally switched to ``Spanish mode. ''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "You've Got a Friend in Me",
"paragraph_text": "``You've Got a Friend in Me ''is a song written and first recorded by Randy Newman. Originally written as the theme song for the 1995 Disney / Pixar animated film Toy Story, it has since become the theme song for its sequels, Toy Story 2 (1999) and Toy Story 3 (2010) as well as a musical leitmotif throughout the whole Toy Story franchise. The song was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Original Song and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, but lost both to`` Colors of the Wind'' from Disney's Pocahontas.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jim Varney",
"paragraph_text": "James Albert Varney Jr. (June 15, 1949 -- February 10, 2000) was an American actor, comedian, and writer, best known for his role as Ernest P. Worrell, who was used in numerous television commercial advertising campaigns and movies, earning him fame worldwide and a Daytime Emmy Award. He gained further notability for playing Jed Clampett in the movie version of The Beverly Hillbillies (1993) and providing the voice of Slinky Dog in Toy Story (1995) and Toy Story 2 (1999).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "John Ratzenberger",
"paragraph_text": "John Dezso Ratzenberger (born April 6, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, and entrepreneur. He is best known as Cliff Clavin in Cheers. He is also known for his extensive vocal work in Pixar Animation Studios' films, notably Hamm in the Toy Story franchise and Mack in the Cars franchise.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Toy Story 3",
"paragraph_text": "Tom Hanks as Sheriff Woody Tim Allen as Buzz Lightyear Joan Cusack as Jessie Ned Beatty as Lots - O '- Huggin' Bear John Morris as Andy Davis Don Rickles as Mr. Potato Head Blake Clark as Slinky Dog Wallace Shawn as Rex John Ratzenberger as Hamm Estelle Harris as Mrs. Potato Head Michael Keaton as Ken Jodi Benson as Barbie Emily Hahn as Bonnie Anderson Jeff Pidgeon as Aliens Timothy Dalton as Mr. Pricklepants Kristen Schaal as Trixie Jeff Garlin as Buttercup Bonnie Hunt as Dolly Whoopi Goldberg as Stretch Kristen Schaal and Jeff Garlin, who attended the Toy Story 3 panel at the 2010 WonderCon, joined the cast as Trixie and Buttercup, respectively. Jack Angel as Chunk Jan Rabson as Sparks John Cygan as Twitch Laurie Metcalf as Ms. Davis Lori Alan as Bonnie's Mom Bea Miller as Molly Davis R. Lee Ermey as Sarge Teddy Newton as Chatter Telephone Richard Kind as Bookworm Bud Luckey as Chuckles Javier Fernández Peña as Spanish Buzz Charlie Bright as Peaty / Young Andy Amber Kroner as Peatrice Brianna Maiwand as Peanelope Erik von Detten as Sid Jack Willis as The Frog Lee Unkrich as Jack - in - the - Box Bob Peterson as Janitor Woody Smith as Big Baby",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
On Last Man Standing, who plays the father of the actor who voiced Buzz Lightyear in Toy Story 2?
|
[
{
"id": 90606,
"question": "who voiced buzz lightyear in toy story 2",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 18
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__129792_171880
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Smoking Hills",
"paragraph_text": "The Smoking Hills are located on the east coast of Cape Bathurst in Canada's Northwest Territories, next to the Arctic Ocean and a small group of lakes. The cliffs were named by explorer John Franklin, who was the first European to see them on his 1826 expeditions. They contain strata of hydrocarbons (oil shales), which have been burning continuously for centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Bispham Green",
"paragraph_text": "Bispham Green is a village in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England, which had a population of 207 at the 2001 Census. It is south of Mawdesley and north of Parbold.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Gmina Lubawa",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Lubawa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Iława County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It takes its name from the town of Lubawa, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina. The administrative seat of the gmina is the village of Fijewo, which lies close to Lubawa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wrightington",
"paragraph_text": "Wrightington is a civil parish in West Lancashire, England, with an area of 3,915½ acres. The surface is hilly, rising to over 400 ft. at Harrock on the border of Parbold, and then falling to the north, northeast and southeast. On the southern border, the boundary at Appley Bridge touches the River Douglas. Wrightington Hall is to the north of this point. Tunley and Broadhurst lie to the north of the park, and Fairhurst, to the west of Harrock, reaches down to the River Douglas. At the 2001 census, Wrightington had a population of 4,055, falling to 2,886 at the 2011 Census.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "History of the National Football League",
"paragraph_text": "The National Football League (NFL) was founded in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) with ten teams from four states, all of whom existed in some form as participants of regional leagues in their respective territories; it took on its current name in 1922. The NFL was the first professional football league to successfully establish a nationwide presence, after several decades of failed attempts. Only two teams currently in the NFL, the Decatur Staleys (now the Chicago Bears) and the Chicago Cardinals (now the Arizona Cardinals), are founding members. The Green Bay Packers, founded 1919 (joined the NFL in 1921), is the oldest NFL franchise in continuous operation with the same name in the same location.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho",
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Greater Hesse",
"paragraph_text": "Greater Hesse () was the provisional name given for a section of German territory created by the US military administration in at the end of World War II. It was formed by the Allied Control Council on 19 September 1945 and became the modern German state of Hesse on 1 December 1946.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Ngopa",
"paragraph_text": "Ngopa is a town in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Ngopa R.D. Block, and it serves as headquarters for that block. It is also an important administrative centre containing important government offices. Ngopa is from the district's main city, Champhai, and from the state's capital city, Aizawl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Wardville, Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "Wardville is a small unincorporated community in northern Atoka County, Oklahoma, United States, along State Highway 131 14 miles northeast of Coalgate, Oklahoma. The post office was established February 6, 1902 under the name Herbert, Oklahoma. Herbert was located in Atoka County, Choctaw Nation, a territorial-era entity which included portions of today's Atoka, Coal, Hughes and Pittsburg counties. The town was named after Herbert Ward, who was the youngest son of the towns first postmaster, Henry Pleasant Ward. The name of the town was changed to Wardville on July 18, 1907. Wardville was named for the before mentioned Henry Pleasant Ward, who served in the territorial House of Representatives and Senate and was an Atoka County judge. The Wardville Post Office closed in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Tatra County",
"paragraph_text": "Tatra County () is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland, on the Slovak border. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Zakopane, which lies south of the regional capital Kraków. The county takes its name from the Tatra mountain range, which covers most of its territory.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford",
"paragraph_text": "Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford is a civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. The parish contains the village of Wetheringsett, together with the hamlets of Blacksmith's Green, Broad Green, Brockford Street (located on the A140), Brockford Green, Knaves Green, Page's Green, Park Green, Pitman's Corner, Wetherup Street and White Horse Corner. In the 2011 census, the population was 669. Wetheringsett-cum-Brockford is home to the All Saints Church and the Wetheringsett Church of England Voluntary Controlled Primary School. The parish also contains 55 listed buildings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Territories of the United States",
"paragraph_text": "Territories of the United States are sub-national administrative divisions directly overseen by the United States Federal Government. Unlike U.S. states and Native American tribes which exercise limited sovereignty alongside the federal government, territories are without sovereignty. The territories are classified by whether they are incorporated and whether they have an ``organized ''government through an Organic Act passed by the U.S. Congress.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Union territory",
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "YMCA",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the YMCA exists as a national resource entity (named YMCA of the USA and denoted as Y - USA) plus about 2,700 separate local YMCA entities. The local entities ``engage ''about 21 million men, women and children, and seek to`` nurture the potential of children and teens, improve the nation's health and well - being and provide opportunities to give back and support neighbors.''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina",
"paragraph_text": "The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina existed legally until it co-signed the Annex 4 of the Dayton Agreement, containing the constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina on 14 December 1995, but official documents reveal that the state existed until the end of 1997 when the implementation of the Dayton Agreement was finished and only then it fully came into effect. Most of this period is taken up by the Bosnian War, in which majority of population of two of three main ethnicities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely Bosnian Serbs and Bosnian Croats, established entities of Republika Srpska and Herzeg-Bosnia respectively, which were unlawful and secessionist in nature hence unrecognized by international community. Informally these events were considered by nationalists as evidence that republic was left to be representative primarily of its Bosniak population, formally presidency and government of the republic was still composed of Bosnian Serbs, Bosnian Croats along with Bosniaks. By the Washington Agreement of 1994, however, Bosniaks were joined by Bosnian Croats of Herzeg-Bosnia, which was abolished by this agreement, in support for the Republic by the formation of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a sub-state joint entity. In 1995, the Dayton Peace Accords joined the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Serb entity, the Republika Srpska, from that point onward recognized formally as political sub-state entity without a right on secession, into the state of Bosnia and Herzegovina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Green Valley (CDP), Wisconsin",
"paragraph_text": "Green Valley is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Green Valley, Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. Green Valley is east of Shawano. As of the 2010 census, its population was 133.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What is a civil parish of the district of England where the village Bispham Green is located?
|
[
{
"id": 129792,
"question": "What is the name of the state where Bispham Green is located?",
"answer": "West Lancashire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 171880,
"question": "#1 >> contains administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Wrightington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
}
] |
Wrightington
|
[] | true |
2hop__130195_171880
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Ngopa",
"paragraph_text": "Ngopa is a town in the Champhai district of Mizoram, India. It is located in the Ngopa R.D. Block, and it serves as headquarters for that block. It is also an important administrative centre containing important government offices. Ngopa is from the district's main city, Champhai, and from the state's capital city, Aizawl.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Nisia Aigaiou, Kriti",
"paragraph_text": "Nisia Aigaiou, Kriti (), meaning \"Aegean Islands, Crete\", is a first level NUTS administrative division of Greece created for statistical purposes by the European Union. The NUTS division is not used by Greece for any administrative reasons. It contains the three administrative regions of North Aegean, South Aegean, and Crete.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sherburne, New York",
"paragraph_text": "Sherburne is a town in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 4,048 at the 2010 census. The town contains two villages, one named Sherburne and the other named Earlville. The town is at the north border of Chenango County.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "YMCA",
"paragraph_text": "In the United States, the YMCA exists as a national resource entity (named YMCA of the USA and denoted as Y - USA) plus about 2,700 separate local YMCA entities. The local entities ``engage ''about 21 million men, women and children, and seek to`` nurture the potential of children and teens, improve the nation's health and well - being and provide opportunities to give back and support neighbors.''",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Geography of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Germany comprises sixteen states that are collectively referred to as Länder. Each state has its own state constitution and is largely autonomous in regard to its internal organisation. Due to differences in size and population the subdivision of these states varies, especially between city states (Stadtstaaten) and states with larger territories (Flächenländer). For regional administrative purposes five states, namely Baden - Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse, North Rhine - Westphalia and Saxony, consist of a total of 22 Government Districts (Regierungsbezirke). As of 2009 Germany is divided into 403 districts (Kreise) on municipal level, these consist of 301 rural districts and 102 urban districts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "North Meols",
"paragraph_text": "North Meols is a civil parish and electoral ward in the West Lancashire district of Lancashire, England. The parish covers the village of Banks and the hamlet of Hundred End. The population of the parish/ward at the 2011 census was 4,146. Historically the parish covered a wider area including much of what is now Southport.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "States of Germany",
"paragraph_text": "Local associations of a special kind are an amalgamation of one or more Landkreise with one or more Kreisfreie Städte to form a replacement of the aforementioned administrative entities at the district level. They are intended to implement simplification of administration at that level. Typically, a district-free city or town and its urban hinterland are grouped into such an association, or Kommunalverband besonderer Art. Such an organization requires the issuing of special laws by the governing state, since they are not covered by the normal administrative structure of the respective states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "South Mount Hawkins",
"paragraph_text": "South Mount Hawkins is located in the San Gabriel Mountains, and contained within the Angeles National Forest. The mountain was named after Nellie Hawkins, a popular waitress of the Squirrel Inn located on the North Fork of the San Gabriel River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Herndon Depot Museum",
"paragraph_text": "The Herndon Depot Museum, also known as the Herndon Historical Society Museum, is located in the town of Herndon in Fairfax County, Virginia. Built in 1857 for the Alexandria, Loudoun & Hampshire Railroad, the depot later served the Richmond and Danville Railroad, the Southern Railway and the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad. The structure is located at 717 Lynn Street, at the intersection of the Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Trail and Station Street, north of Elden Street (signed nearby as Virginia State Routes 228 and 606). The building is adjacent to Town Hall Square, which contains the Herndon Town Hall, built in 1939 as a Works Progress Administration project to house all of the Town's administrative offices.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Dallol (woreda)",
"paragraph_text": "Dallol is one of the woredas in the Afar Region of Ethiopia. This woreda is named for the former mining settlement of Dallol, which set the record for the hottest inhabited place on Earth, with an average temperature of 34° C. Located at the northernmost point of the Administrative Zone 2, Dallol's territory includes part of the Afar Depression. This woreda is bordered on the south by Koneba, on the west by the Tigray Region, on the north by Eritrea, and on the east and south by Berhale. Detailed information is not available for the settlements in this woreda.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Wrightington",
"paragraph_text": "Wrightington is a civil parish in West Lancashire, England, with an area of 3,915½ acres. The surface is hilly, rising to over 400 ft. at Harrock on the border of Parbold, and then falling to the north, northeast and southeast. On the southern border, the boundary at Appley Bridge touches the River Douglas. Wrightington Hall is to the north of this point. Tunley and Broadhurst lie to the north of the park, and Fairhurst, to the west of Harrock, reaches down to the River Douglas. At the 2001 census, Wrightington had a population of 4,055, falling to 2,886 at the 2011 Census.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Gmina Suwałki",
"paragraph_text": "Gmina Suwałki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Suwałki County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Suwałki, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Smoking Hills",
"paragraph_text": "The Smoking Hills are located on the east coast of Cape Bathurst in Canada's Northwest Territories, next to the Arctic Ocean and a small group of lakes. The cliffs were named by explorer John Franklin, who was the first European to see them on his 1826 expeditions. They contain strata of hydrocarbons (oil shales), which have been burning continuously for centuries.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Bogotá",
"paragraph_text": "Bogotá (/ ˈboʊɡətɑː /, / ˌbɒɡəˈtɑː /, / ˌboʊ - /; Spanish pronunciation: (boɣoˈta) (listen)), officially Bogotá, Distrito Capital, abbreviated Bogotá, D.C., and formerly known as Santafé de Bogotá between 1991 and 2000, is the capital and largest city of Colombia, administered as the Capital District, although often thought of as part of Cundinamarca. Bogotá is a territorial entity of the first order, with the same administrative status as the departments of Colombia. It is the political, economic, administrative, industrial, artistic, cultural, and sports center of the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Union territory",
"paragraph_text": "A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India. Unlike states, which have their own elected governments, union territories are ruled directly by the Union Government (central government), hence the name ``union territory ''. Union territories in India qualify as federal territories, by definition.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ap Lo Chun",
"paragraph_text": "Ap Lo Chun () is a small island in the New Territories of Hong Kong. It is located in Ap Chau Bay () between Ap Chau in the east and Sai Ap Chau in the west, with the islet of Ap Tan Pai nearby in the northeast. It is under the administration of North District.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Biblioteca Ayacucho",
"paragraph_text": "The Biblioteca Ayacucho (\"Ayacucho Library\") is an editorial entity of the government of Venezuela, founded on September 10, 1974. It is managed by the \"Fundación Biblioteca Ayacucho\". Its name, \"Ayacucho\", comes from the intention to honor the definitive and crucial Battle of Ayacucho that took place December 9, 1824 between Spain and the territories of the Americas, prior to the full independence of the continent.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Greater Hesse",
"paragraph_text": "Greater Hesse () was the provisional name given for a section of German territory created by the US military administration in at the end of World War II. It was formed by the Allied Control Council on 19 September 1945 and became the modern German state of Hesse on 1 December 1946.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What region does the state encompassing North Meols contain?
|
[
{
"id": 130195,
"question": "What is the name of the state where North Meols is located?",
"answer": "West Lancashire",
"paragraph_support_idx": 5
},
{
"id": 171880,
"question": "#1 >> contains administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "Wrightington",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Wrightington
|
[] | true |
2hop__52019_79467
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Elizabeth Mitchell",
"paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mitchell (born Elizabeth Joanna Robertson: March 27, 1970) is an American actress known for her role as Dr. Juliet Burke on the ABC series Lost. She also had lead roles on the TV series V and Revolution, as well as the Snow Queen on Once Upon a Time and as Deb Carpenter on Dead of Summer. Mitchell has starred in such films as The Santa Clause 2 & 3: The Escape Clause, Gia and The Purge: Election Year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Elizabeth Mitchell",
"paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mitchell (born Elizabeth Joanna Robertson: March 27, 1970) is an American actress known for her role as Dr. Juliet Burke on the ABC series Lost. She also had lead roles on the TV series V and Revolution, as well as the Snow Queen on Once Upon a Time and as Deb Carpenter on Dead of Summer. Mitchell has starred in such films as The Santa Clause 2 and The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, Gia, and The Purge: Election Year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "USRA Light Santa Fe",
"paragraph_text": "The USRA Light Santa Fe was a USRA standard class of steam locomotive designed under the control of the United States Railroad Administration, the nationalized railroad system in the United States during World War I. These locomotives were of 2-10-2 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′E1′ in UIC classification; this arrangement was commonly named \"Santa Fe\" in the United States. At the time, the Santa Fe was the largest non-articulated type in common use, primarily in slow drag freight duty in ore or coal service.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "FC Santa Claus",
"paragraph_text": "FC Santa Claus AC (abbreviated Santa) is a football club from Rovaniemi, Finland. The club was formed in 1993 following the amalgamation of Rovaniemen Reipas and Rovaniemen Lappi football clubs. FC Santa Claus won its group in Kakkonen, but lost promotion play-offs final to HIFK and failed to gain promotion to the Ykkönen league in 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Last Man Standing (American TV series)",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Mike Baxter: Mike is a father of three daughters and the director of marketing for the Outdoor Man chain of sporting goods stores. He fervently supports traditional American values, is a Protestant, and is politically conservative. Mike loves his daughters but says his favorite is Eve, the youngest and most athletic daughter, and whose political opinions and interests mirror his own. He is proud of her ability to excel at anything she tries, including school work, hunting, and playing sports. Mike often finds himself annoyed with Outdoor Man's young slow - witted employee Kyle, and with Ryan, his politically liberal son - in - law and the father of Mike's grandson Boyd. The video blog or ``vlog ''that Mike does for Outdoor Man is frequently used as a vehicle to rant about his political views. Mike is a graduate of the University of Michigan, and an amateur radio operator using the call sign KA0XTT.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Santa Tereza de Goiás",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Tereza de Goias is a municipality in north Goiás state, Brazil. Santa Tereza de Goiás is often spelled \"Santa Teresa de Goiás\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Piner High School",
"paragraph_text": "Piner High School (PHS) is a Public high school in Santa Rosa, California, United States. It is part of the Santa Rosa High School District, which is itself part of Santa Rosa City Schools.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "Every fall the Santa Monica Chamber of Commerce hosts The Taste of Santa Monica on the Santa Monica Pier. Visitors can sample food and drinks from Santa Monica restaurants. Other annual events include the Business and Consumer Expo, Sustainable Quality Awards, Santa Monica Cares Health and Wellness Festival, and the State of the City. The swanky Shutters on the Beach Hotel offers a trip to the famous Santa Monica Farmers Market to select and influence the materials that will become that evening's special \"Market Dinner.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Oscar Roberto Cornejo",
"paragraph_text": "Oscar Roberto Cornejo \"Toto\" Hernandez (born 13 March 1983 in Santa Rosa, La Pampa) is an Argentine footballer who plays for his hometown team Club Atlético Santa Rosa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Santa Rosa Rugby Club",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Rosa Rugby Club is a men's rugby union team based in and around Santa Rosa, California. The club was founded in 1971. The team plays in the Northern California Rugby Football Union at the Division I level. The Santa Rosa Rugby Club won back to back national championships in 1994-95.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Toy Whorey",
"paragraph_text": "\"Toy Whorey\" is the eighteenth episode and season finale of the secentg season of the animated comedy series \"American Dad!\". It aired on Fox in the United States on May 13, 2012. The episode plot mainly revolves around Stan trying to stop his fourteen-year-old son, Steve from playing with toys. The title and Steve's fantasy parodies \"Toy Story\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Santa Rosa de Lima, Santa Catarina",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Rosa de Lima, Santa Catarina is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "The Santa Clause 2",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Allen as Scott Calvin / Santa Claus and Toy Santa Eric Lloyd as Charlie Calvin Elizabeth Mitchell as Principal Carol Newman Wendy Crewson as Laura Miller Judge Reinhold as Dr. Neal Miller Liliana Mumy as Lucy Miller David Krumholtz as Bernard the Elf Spencer Breslin as Curtis the Elf Danielle Woodman as Abby the Elf Aisha Tyler as Mother Nature Peter Boyle as Father Time Jay Thomas as Easter Bunny Kevin Pollak as Cupid Art LaFleur as Tooth Fairy Michael Dorn as Sandman",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Santa Maria High School",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Maria High School (SMHS) is a public comprehensive high school in Santa Maria, California, United States. Located in the heart of the city, Santa Maria High School is the oldest school in the Santa Maria Valley and is part of the oldest high school district in California. The Santa Maria Joint Union High School District was founded on June 6, 1893.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "The Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) begins in Santa Monica near the Pacific Ocean and heads east. The Santa Monica Freeway between Santa Monica and downtown Los Angeles has the distinction of being one of the busiest highways in all of North America. After traversing Los Angeles County, I-10 crosses seven more states, terminating at Jacksonville, Florida. In Santa Monica, there is a road sign designating this route as the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway. State Route 2 (Santa Monica Boulevard) begins in Santa Monica, barely grazing State Route 1 at Lincoln Boulevard, and continues northeast across Los Angeles County, through the Angeles National Forest, crossing the San Gabriel Mountains as the Angeles Crest Highway, ending in Wrightwood. Santa Monica is also the western (Pacific) terminus of historic U.S. Route 66. Close to the eastern boundary of Santa Monica, Sepulveda Boulevard reaches from Long Beach at the south, to the northern end of the San Fernando Valley. Just east of Santa Monica is Interstate 405, the \"San Diego Freeway\", a major north-south route in Los Angeles County and Orange County, California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Sergio Jáuregui",
"paragraph_text": "Sergio Antonio Jáuregui Landivar (born March 13, 1985 in Santa Cruz de la Sierra) is a retired Bolivian football defender who last played for San José in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Jordan Angeli",
"paragraph_text": "Jordan Leigh Angeli (born May 31, 1986) is an American former soccer player from Lakewood, Colorado. She last played for the Western New York Flash in the National Women's Soccer League after a preseason trade with the Washington Spirit. Known for her versatility, Angeli originally debuted for the Santa Clara University women's soccer team as a defender, was moved to forward for Santa Clara in 2005, and played as a midfielder for the United States U-20 women's national soccer team at the 2006 FIFA U-20 Women's World Championship. She is currently an analyst for the Colorado Rapids radio network and a play-by-play commentator/analyst for the NWSL on go90.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Santa Cruz, New Mexico",
"paragraph_text": "Santa Cruz is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 423 at the 2000 census.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "USRA Heavy Santa Fe",
"paragraph_text": "The USRA Heavy Santa Fe was a USRA standard class of steam locomotive designed under the control of the United States Railroad Administration, the nationalized railroad system in the United States during World War I. These locomotives were of 2-10-2 wheel arrangement in the Whyte notation, or 1′E1′ in UIC classification; this arrangement was commonly named \"Santa Fe\" in the United States. At the time, the Santa Fe was the largest non-articulated type in common use, primarily in slow drag freight duty in ore or coal service.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Santa Monica, California",
"paragraph_text": "Hundreds of movies have been shot or set in part within the city of Santa Monica. One of the oldest exterior shots in Santa Monica is Buster Keaton's Spite Marriage (1929) which shows much of 2nd Street. The comedy It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World (1963) included several scenes shot in Santa Monica, including those along the California Incline, which led to the movie's treasure spot, \"The Big W\". The Sylvester Stallone film Rocky III (1982) shows Rocky Balboa and Apollo Creed training to fight Clubber Lang by running on the Santa Monica Beach, and Stallone's Demolition Man (1993) includes Santa Monica settings. Henry Jaglom's indie Someone to Love (1987), the last film in which Orson Welles appeared, takes place in Santa Monica's venerable Mayfair Theatre. Heathers (1989) used Santa Monica's John Adams Middle School for many exterior shots. The Truth About Cats & Dogs (1996) is set entirely in Santa Monica, particularly the Palisades Park area, and features a radio station that resembles KCRW at Santa Monica College. 17 Again (2009) was shot at Samohi. Other films that show significant exterior shots of Santa Monica include Fletch (1985), Species (1995), Get Shorty (1995), and Ocean's Eleven (2001). Richard Rossi's biopic Aimee Semple McPherson opens and closes at the beach in Santa Monica. Iron Man features the Santa Monica pier and surrounding communities as Tony Stark tests his experimental flight suit.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the father of the actor of Toy Santa in Santa Clause 2 in Last Man Standing?
|
[
{
"id": 52019,
"question": "who plays the toy santa in santa clause 2",
"answer": "Tim Allen",
"paragraph_support_idx": 12
},
{
"id": 79467,
"question": "who is #1 dad on last man standing",
"answer": "Mike Baxter",
"paragraph_support_idx": 4
}
] |
Mike Baxter
|
[] | true |
2hop__584324_160917
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "With the light rainfall, San Jose and its suburbs experience about 300 fully or partly sunny days a year. Rain occurs primarily in the months from November through April. During the winter and spring, hillsides and fields turn green with grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are few. With the coming of the annual hot summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover which, unfortunately, also provides fuel for grass fires.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Database",
"paragraph_text": "The relational model also allowed the content of the database to evolve without constant rewriting of links and pointers. The relational part comes from entities referencing other entities in what is known as one-to-many relationship, like a traditional hierarchical model, and many-to-many relationship, like a navigational (network) model. Thus, a relational model can express both hierarchical and navigational models, as well as its native tabular model, allowing for pure or combined modeling in terms of these three models, as the application requires.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sunny Corner, New South Wales",
"paragraph_text": "Sunny Corner is a small village in the central west of New South Wales, Australia and former mining area located between Lithgow and Bathurst just north of the Great Western Highway (Route 32). At the , Sunny Corner had a population of 92 people (down from 626 people ten years earlier at the ).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Paea",
"paragraph_text": "Paea is a commune in the suburbs of Papeete in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Paea is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Guam",
"paragraph_text": "The Compacts of Free Association between the United States, the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau accorded the former entities of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands a political status of \"free association\" with the United States. The Compacts give citizens of these island nations generally no restrictions to reside in the United States (also its territories), and many were attracted to Guam due to its proximity, environmental, and cultural familiarity. Over the years, it was claimed by some in Guam that the territory has had to bear the brunt of this agreement in the form of public assistance programs and public education for those from the regions involved, and the federal government should compensate the states and territories affected by this type of migration.[citation needed] Over the years, Congress had appropriated \"Compact Impact\" aids to Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and Hawaii, and eventually this appropriation was written into each renewed Compact. Some, however, continue to claim the compensation is not enough or that the distribution of actual compensation received is significantly disproportionate.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Midnight sun",
"paragraph_text": "Because there are no permanent human settlements south of the Antarctic Circle, apart from research stations, the countries and territories whose populations experience the midnight sun are limited to those crossed by the Arctic Circle: the Canadian Yukon, Nunavut, and Northwest Territories; the nations of Iceland, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Denmark (Greenland), Russia; and the State of Alaska in the United States. A quarter of Finland's territory lies north of the Arctic Circle, and at the country's northernmost point the sun does not set at all for 60 days during summer. In Svalbard, Norway, the northernmost inhabited region of Europe, there is no sunset from approximately 19 April to 23 August. The extreme sites are the poles, where the sun can be continuously visible for half the year. The North Pole has midnight sun for 6 months from late March to late September.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "New Year's Eve",
"paragraph_text": "In the Gregorian calendar, New Year's Eve (also known as Old Year's Day or Saint Sylvester's Day in many countries), the last day of the year, is on December 31 which is the seventh day of the Christmas season. In many countries, New Year's Eve is celebrated at evening social gatherings, where many people dance, eat, drink alcoholic beverages, and watch or light fireworks to mark the new year. Some Christians attend a watchnight service. The celebrations generally go on past midnight into New Year's Day, January 1.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Berryessa Highlands, California",
"paragraph_text": "Berryessa Highlands is an unincorporated community in Napa County, California. It lies on the southeastern shore of Lake Berryessa. The Berryessa Highlands Development Company developed much of the community, and in 1981 still owned approximately 125 lots in the subdivision. It is surrounded by the Blue Ridge Berryessa Natural Area and Putah Creek State Wildlife Area is to the east. Of note is its church at Lake Berryessa.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Biysky District",
"paragraph_text": "Biysky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the east of the krai and borders with Zonalny, Tselinny, Soltonsky, Krasnogorsky, Sovetsky, and Smolensky Districts, as well as with the territory of the City of Biysk. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Biysk (which is not administratively a part of the district). District's population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Qastal Ma'af",
"paragraph_text": "Qastal Ma'af () is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Latakia Governorate, located north of Latakia. Nearby localities include Kesab to the north, Mashqita and Ayn al-Bayda to the south and Rabia to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Qastal Ma'af had a population of 585 in the 2004 census. It is the administrative center of the Qastal Ma'af \"nahiyah\" (\"subdistrict\"), which consisted of 19 localities with a collective population of 16,784 in 2004. The inhabitants of the town are predominantly Turkmen Sunni Muslim, and the inhabitants of the surrounding villages and subdistrict are predominantly Alawites.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Religion in Egypt",
"paragraph_text": "Islam has been the state religion in Egypt since the amendment of the second article of the Egyptian constitution in the year 1980, before which Egypt was recognized as a secular country. The vast majority of Egyptian Muslims are Sunni, with a small Mu'tazila, Shia Twelvers and Ismailism communities making up the remainder. A significant number of Sunni Egyptians also follow native Sufi orders. Egypt hosts the most important Sunni institution in the world, Al - Azhar University. It is the oldest Islamic institution of higher studies (founded around 970 C.E.), and is considered by many to be the oldest extant university in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Government of Australia",
"paragraph_text": "Twelve Senators from each state are elected for six-year terms, using proportional representation and the single transferable vote (known in Australia as \"quota-preferential voting\": see Australian electoral system), with half elected every three years. In addition to the state Senators, two senators are elected by voters from the Northern Territory (which for this purpose includes the Indian Ocean Territories, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands), while another two senators are elected by the voters of the Australian Capital Territory (which for this purpose includes the Jervis Bay Territory). Senators from the territories are also elected using preferential voting, but their term of office is not fixed; it starts on the day of a general election for the House of Representatives and ends on the day before the next such election.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Territory of Papua",
"paragraph_text": "In 1949, the Territory and the Territory of New Guinea were established in an administrative union by the name of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. That administrative union was renamed as Papua New Guinea in 1971. Notwithstanding that it was part of an administrative union, the Territory of Papua at all times retained a distinct legal status and identity; it was a Possession of the Crown whereas the Territory of New Guinea was initially a League of Nations mandate territory and subsequently a United Nations trust territory. This important legal and political distinction remained until the advent of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea in 1975.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Khabarovsky District",
"paragraph_text": "Khabarovsky District () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. It consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of Amursky District, which are located in the southwest of the krai. The area of the district is . Its administrative center is the city of Khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Galicia (Spain)",
"paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Olsztyn Voivodeship",
"paragraph_text": "Olsztyn Voivodeship () was an administrative division and unit of local government in Poland in the years 1945-75, and a new territorial division between 1975–1998, superseded by Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship. Its capital city was Olsztyn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "OK Bear",
"paragraph_text": "OK Bear is the title of the fifth release by Sunny Day Real Estate frontman Jeremy Enigk. The album was recorded outside Barcelona during the year 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Vilnius County",
"paragraph_text": "Vilnius County () is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Southern California",
"paragraph_text": "Southern California contains a Mediterranean climate, with infrequent rain and many sunny days. Summers are hot and dry, while winters are a bit warm or mild and wet. Serious rain can occur unusually. In the summers, temperature ranges are 90-60's while as winters are 70-50's, usually all of Southern California have Mediterranean climate. But snow is very rare in the Southwest of the state, it occurs on the Southeast of the state.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Piedmont Hills High School",
"paragraph_text": "Piedmont Hills High School is a comprehensive public four-year high school located in the Berryessa neighborhood of San Jose, California, USA. It is part of the East Side Union High School District and is the second highest performing school in the district, based on California's Academic Performance Index. It is currently a California Distinguished School and has received various awards in several aspects of its curriculum. Together with Independence High School and Yerba Buena High School, Piedmont Hills is one of a few schools in the district to have its own music program.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
How many sunny days a year does the administrative territorial entity containing Berryessa experience?
|
[
{
"id": 584324,
"question": "Berryessa >> located in the administrative territorial entity",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 160917,
"question": "How many sunny days a year does #1 experience?",
"answer": "300",
"paragraph_support_idx": 0
}
] |
300
|
[] | true |
2hop__160915_162393
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Houston",
"paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 656.3 square miles (1,700 km2); this comprises 634.0 square miles (1,642 km2) of land and 22.3 square miles (58 km2) of water. The Piney Woods is north of Houston. Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland and forest. Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, swamp, or prairie which resembles the Deep South, and are all still visible in surrounding areas. Flatness of the local terrain, when combined with urban sprawl, has made flooding a recurring problem for the city. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level, and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 125 feet (38 m) in elevation. The city once relied on groundwater for its needs, but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston, Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston. The city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion gallons of water a day in addition to 150 million gallons a day worth of groundwater.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Redwood Lodge, Mendocino County, California",
"paragraph_text": "Redwood Lodge is an unincorporated community in Mendocino County, California. It is located on the California Western Railroad north-northwest of Comptche, at an elevation of 66 feet (20 m).It has the fifth highest rent cost in northern California.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cornwall Motor Speedway",
"paragraph_text": "The Cornwall Motor Speedway is a 1/4 mile dirt track near the community of Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. It is located northwest of the city on Cornwall Centre Road. The track opened in 1970 and runs weekly racing on Sunday evenings.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "The cost of living in San Jose and the surrounding areas is among the highest in California and the nation, according to 2004 data. Housing costs are the primary reason for the high cost of living, although the costs in all areas tracked by the ACCRA Cost of Living Index are above the national average. Households in the city limits have the highest disposable income of any city in the U.S. with over 500,000 residents.San Jose holds the distinction of being a United States Foreign-Trade Zone. The City received its Foreign Trade Zone grant from the U.S. Federal Government in 1974, making it the 18th foreign-trade zone established in the United States. Under its grant, the City of San Jose is granted jurisdiction to oversee and administer foreign trade in Santa Clara County, Monterey County, San Benito County, Santa Cruz County, and in the southern parts of San Mateo County and Alameda County.San Jose lists many companies with 1,000 employees or more, including the headquarters of Adobe, Altera, Brocade Communications Systems, Cadence Design Systems, Cisco Systems, eBay, Lee's Sandwiches, Lumileds, PayPal, Rosendin Electric, Sanmina-SCI, and Xilinx, as well as major facilities for Becton Dickinson, Ericsson, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Kaiser Permanente, KLA Tencor, Lockheed Martin, Nippon Sheet Glass, Qualcomm, and AF Media Group. The North American headquarters of Samsung Semiconductor are located in San Jose. Approximately 2000 employees will work at the new Samsung campus which opened in 2015.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Dhurma",
"paragraph_text": "Dhurma or Darma () is a small town located by road northwest of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It is the center of the small Dhruma Governorate of Riyadh Province, and had a population of 10,267 people according to the 2004 census.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Nagoya City University",
"paragraph_text": ", abbreviated to , is a public university in Japan. The main campus (Kawasumi) is located in Mizuho-ku, Nagoya City. Other three campuses (Yamanohata, Tanabe-dori and Kita Chikusa) are also located in the city. Nagoya City University has been ranked the highest among public universities which is also one of leading universities in Japan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling. High school dropout rate decreased from 3.1 to 2.5 percent between 2007 and 2008 with Oklahoma ranked among 18 other states with 3 percent or less dropout rate. In 2004, the state ranked 36th in the nation for the relative number of adults with high school diplomas, though at 85.2 percent, it had the highest rate among southern states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "University-Oxford Airport",
"paragraph_text": "University-Oxford Airport is a public use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) northwest of the central business district of Oxford, a city in Lafayette County, Mississippi, United States. The airport is owned by the University of Mississippi. It is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a \"general aviation\" facility.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Jeremiah Johnson (film)",
"paragraph_text": "After Warner Bros. advanced Redford $200,000 to secure him for the film, they decided that it had to be shot on its backlot due to cost constraints. Insisting that it must be shot on location in Utah, Redford and Pollack convinced the studio that this could be done at the same cost. To prepare for production, art director Ted Haworth drove over 26,000 miles to find locations. Ultimately, it was shot in nearly 100 locations across Utah, including: Mount Timpanogos, Ashley National Forest, Leeds, Snow Canyon State Park, St. George, Sundance Resort, Uinta National Forest, Wasatch - Cache National Forest, and Zion National Park.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Niagara Falls",
"paragraph_text": "Located on the Niagara River, which drains Lake Erie into Lake Ontario, the combined falls form the highest flow rate of any waterfall in the world that has a vertical drop of more than 165 feet (50 m). Horseshoe Falls is the most powerful waterfall in North America, as measured by flow rate. The falls are 17 miles (27 km) north - northwest of Buffalo, New York, and 75 miles (121 km) south - southeast of Toronto, between the twin cities of Niagara Falls, Ontario, and Niagara Falls, New York.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Hobart Sky Ranch Airport",
"paragraph_text": "Hobart Sky Ranch Airport is a public-use airport located two miles (3 km) northwest of the central business district of Hobart, a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States. This airport is privately owned by Don Niemeyer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Campbell Hill (Ohio)",
"paragraph_text": "Campbell Hill is, at 1,550 feet (470 m), the highest point in elevation in the U.S. state of Ohio. Campbell Hill is located within the city of Bellefontaine, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of downtown.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Granite Peak (Humboldt County, Nevada)",
"paragraph_text": "Granite Peak is the highest mountain in both the Santa Rosa Range and Humboldt County, in Nevada, United States. It is the eighteenth-most topographically prominent peak in the state. The peak is located within the Santa Rosa Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, about 12 miles north of the small town of Paradise Valley and 23 miles southeast of the small town of McDermitt. It is the highest mountain for over 80 miles in all directions.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport",
"paragraph_text": "Sheboygan County Memorial Airport is a county owned public use non-towered airport located in the Town of Sheboygan Falls, three nautical miles (6 km) northwest of the City of Sheboygan, in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2019–2023, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility. Sheboygan's National Weather Service observation station is based at the airport.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Richmond, Virginia",
"paragraph_text": "Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W / 37.533°N 77.467°W / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Bid rent theory",
"paragraph_text": "Although later used in the context of urban analysis, though not yet using this term, the bid rent theory was first developed in an agricultural context. One of the first theoreticians of bid rent effects was David Ricardo, according to whom the rent on the most productive land is based on its advantage over the least productive, the competition among farmers ensuring that the full advantages go to the landlords in the form of rent. This theory was later developed by J.H. von Thünen, who combined it with the notion of transport costs. His model implies that the rent at any location is equal to the value of its product minus production costs and transport costs. Admitting that transportation costs are constant for all activities, this will lead to a situation where activities with the highest production costs are located near the marketplace, while those with low production costs are farther away.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Stanford University",
"paragraph_text": "Most of Stanford University is on an 8,180-acre (12.8 sq mi; 33.1 km2) campus, one of the largest in the United States. It is located on the San Francisco Peninsula, in the northwest part of the Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley) approximately 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco and approximately 20 miles (30 km) northwest of San Jose. In 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped.Stanford's main campus includes a census-designated place within unincorporated Santa Clara County, although some of the university land (such as the Stanford Shopping Center and the Stanford Research Park) is within the city limits of Palo Alto. The campus also includes much land in unincorporated San Mateo County (including the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve), as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park (Stanford Hills neighborhood), Woodside, and Portola Valley.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Hockley, Texas",
"paragraph_text": "Hockley is an unincorporated community located in Harris County, Texas on Texas State Highway 6 and U.S. Highway 290, approximately five miles southeast of the city hall of Waller, and thirty - six miles northwest of Downtown Houston.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Wittmann, Arizona",
"paragraph_text": "Wittmann is a census-designated place in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. It is located along U.S. Route 60 in the central part of Arizona, about 35 miles northwest of central Phoenix, and while technically located within the city's metropolitan area it is generally regarded by locals to be just outside it. As of the 2010 census, there were 6700 people living in the Wittmann ZIP Code Tabulation Area (85361), but 763 in Wittmann itself.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Cheaha Mountain",
"paragraph_text": "Cheaha Mountain / ˈtʃiːhɔː /, often called Mount Cheaha, is the highest natural point in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is located a few miles northwest of the town of Delta in Cheaha State Park, which offers a lodge, a restaurant, and other amenities.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How far from the city with the highest cost of living in the nation is Stanford?
|
[
{
"id": 160915,
"question": "According to 2004 data, what city is among the highest cost of living in the nation?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 162393,
"question": "How many miles northwest of #1 is it located?",
"answer": "20 miles",
"paragraph_support_idx": 16
}
] |
20 miles
|
[] | true |
2hop__160915_160917
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "OK Bear",
"paragraph_text": "OK Bear is the title of the fifth release by Sunny Day Real Estate frontman Jeremy Enigk. The album was recorded outside Barcelona during the year 2008.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The China Lake Murders",
"paragraph_text": "The China Lake Murders is a 1990 television film starring Tom Skerritt. It is about a small desert town that experiences a series of murders. The film was rated PG-13 and first aired on the USA Network and for many years held the record for the highest rated basic cable film.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Barheliya",
"paragraph_text": "Barheliya (Arabic: برهليا) is a Syrian village in the Al-Zabadani District of the Rif Dimashq Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Barheliya had a population of 821 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Seattle",
"paragraph_text": "Seattle also has large lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations. According to a 2006 study by UCLA, 12.9% of city residents polled identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. This was the second-highest proportion of any major U.S. city, behind San Francisco Greater Seattle also ranked second among major U.S. metropolitan areas, with 6.5% of the population identifying as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. According to 2012 estimates from the United States Census Bureau, Seattle has the highest percentage of same-sex households in the United States, at 2.6 per cent, surpassing San Francisco.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Asthma",
"paragraph_text": "From 2000 to 2010, the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay in the United States for children remained relatively stable at about $3,600, whereas the average cost per asthma-related hospital stay for adults increased from $5,200 to $6,600. In 2010, Medicaid was the most frequent primary payer among children and adults aged 18–44 years in the United States; private insurance was the second most frequent payer. Among both children and adults in the lowest income communities in the United States there is a higher rates of hospital stays for asthma in 2010 than those in the highest income communities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Melbourne",
"paragraph_text": "Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having \"four seasons in one day\", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "Air quality in Boston is generally very good: during the ten-year period 2004–2013, there were only 4 days in which the air was unhealthy for the general public, according to the EPA.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Urban plans in Iran",
"paragraph_text": "Urban plans in Iran are based on approximately 40 years experience. All of these variable plans have been executed based on comprehensive planning. According to a census conducted in February 1999, 304 master plans (including national, regional, urban, and new-cities plans) had been approved; that figure has climbed to 350 plans. The industrial revolution was considered as a turning point for great changes in cities but this change belongs mostly to western cities that existed prior to the 20th century. The fast development and prosperity of urban planning discussed here refers to the first years of 20th century.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Oklahoma",
"paragraph_text": "The state is among the best in pre-kindergarten education, and the National Institute for Early Education Research rated it first in the United States with regard to standards, quality, and access to pre-kindergarten education in 2004, calling it a model for early childhood schooling. High school dropout rate decreased from 3.1 to 2.5 percent between 2007 and 2008 with Oklahoma ranked among 18 other states with 3 percent or less dropout rate. In 2004, the state ranked 36th in the nation for the relative number of adults with high school diplomas, though at 85.2 percent, it had the highest rate among southern states.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Videotelephony",
"paragraph_text": "One of the first demonstrations of the ability for telecommunications to help sign language users communicate with each other occurred when AT&T's videophone (trademarked as the \"Picturephone\") was introduced to the public at the 1964 New York World's Fair –two deaf users were able to communicate freely with each other between the fair and another city. Various universities and other organizations, including British Telecom's Martlesham facility, have also conducted extensive research on signing via videotelephony. The use of sign language via videotelephony was hampered for many years due to the difficulty of its use over slow analogue copper phone lines, coupled with the high cost of better quality ISDN (data) phone lines. Those factors largely disappeared with the introduction of more efficient video codecs and the advent of lower cost high-speed ISDN data and IP (Internet) services in the 1990s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador",
"paragraph_text": "St. John's has traditionally been one of the safest cities in Canada to live; however, in recent years crime in the city has steadily increased. While nationally crime decreased by 4% in 2009, the total crime rate in St. John's saw an increase of 4%. During this same time violent crime in the city decreased 6%, compared to a 1% decrease nationally. In 2010 the total crime severity index for the city was 101.9, an increase of 10% from 2009 and 19.2% above the national average. The violent crime severity index was 90.1, an increase of 29% from 2009 and 1.2% above the national average. St. John's had the seventh-highest metropolitan crime index and twelfth-highest metropolitan violent crime index in the country in 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "The cost of living in San Jose and the surrounding areas is among the highest in California and the nation, according to 2004 data. Housing costs are the primary reason for the high cost of living, although the costs in all areas tracked by the ACCRA Cost of Living Index are above the national average. Households in the city limits have the highest disposable income of any city in the U.S. with over 500,000 residents.San Jose holds the distinction of being a United States Foreign-Trade Zone. The City received its Foreign Trade Zone grant from the U.S. Federal Government in 1974, making it the 18th foreign-trade zone established in the United States. Under its grant, the City of San Jose is granted jurisdiction to oversee and administer foreign trade in Santa Clara County, Monterey County, San Benito County, Santa Cruz County, and in the southern parts of San Mateo County and Alameda County.San Jose lists many companies with 1,000 employees or more, including the headquarters of Adobe, Altera, Brocade Communications Systems, Cadence Design Systems, Cisco Systems, eBay, Lee's Sandwiches, Lumileds, PayPal, Rosendin Electric, Sanmina-SCI, and Xilinx, as well as major facilities for Becton Dickinson, Ericsson, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Kaiser Permanente, KLA Tencor, Lockheed Martin, Nippon Sheet Glass, Qualcomm, and AF Media Group. The North American headquarters of Samsung Semiconductor are located in San Jose. Approximately 2000 employees will work at the new Samsung campus which opened in 2015.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Florida",
"paragraph_text": "At the end of the third quarter in 2008, Florida had the highest mortgage delinquency rate in the country, with 7.8% of mortgages delinquent at least 60 days. A 2009 list of national housing markets that were hard hit in the real estate crash included a disproportionate number in Florida. The early 21st-century building boom left Florida with 300,000 vacant homes in 2009, according to state figures. In 2009, the US Census Bureau estimated that Floridians spent an average 49.1% of personal income on housing-related costs, the third highest percentage in the country.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "San Jose, California",
"paragraph_text": "With the light rainfall, San Jose and its suburbs experience about 300 fully or partly sunny days a year. Rain occurs primarily in the months from November through April. During the winter and spring, hillsides and fields turn green with grasses and vegetation, although deciduous trees are few. With the coming of the annual hot summer dry period, the vegetation dies and dries, giving the hills a golden cover which, unfortunately, also provides fuel for grass fires.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "London",
"paragraph_text": "London is the world's most expensive office market for the last three years according to world property journal (2015) report. As of 2015[update] the residential property in London is worth $2.2 trillion - same value as that of Brazil annual GDP. The city has the highest property prices of any European city according to the Office for National Statistics and the European Office of Statistics. On average the price per square metre in central London is €24,252 (April 2014). This is higher than the property prices in other G8 European capital cities; Berlin €3,306, Rome €6,188 and Paris €11,229.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Boston",
"paragraph_text": "Boston is an intellectual, technological, and political center but has lost some important regional institutions, including the acquisition of The Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such as FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-based Bank of America in 2004. Boston-based department stores Jordan Marsh and Filene's have both been merged into the Cincinnati–based Macy's. Boston has experienced gentrification in the latter half of the 20th century, with housing prices increasing sharply since the 1990s. Living expenses have risen, and Boston has one of the highest costs of living in the United States, and was ranked the 129th most expensive major city in the world in a 2011 survey of 214 cities. Despite cost of living issues, Boston ranks high on livability ratings, ranking 36th worldwide in quality of living in 2011 in a survey of 221 major cities.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Road speed limits in the United Kingdom",
"paragraph_text": "The UK government publishes Reported Road Casualties Great Britain (RRCGB) each year, based on road traffic casualties data (STATS19) reported to the police, which has been collected since 1949, and with additional data going back to 1926. The highest number of road fatalities recorded in a single year in GB was 9,196 in 1941. The highest number of fatalities during peacetime was 7,985 for 1966, following the introduction of the national 70 mph speed limit in 1965 and the year before the legal drink drive limit and the associated Breathalyzer laws were introduced.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Galicia (Spain)",
"paragraph_text": "As an example, Santiago de Compostela, the political capital city, has an average of 129 rainy days and 1,362 millimetres (53.6 in) per year (with just 17 rainy days in the three summer months) and 2,101 sunlight hours per year, with just 6 days with frosts per year. But the colder city of Lugo, to the east, has an average of 1,759 sunlight hours per year, 117 days with precipitations (> 1 mm) totalling 901.54 millimetres (35.5 in), and 40 days with frosts per year. The more mountainous parts of the provinces of Ourense and Lugo receive significant snowfall during the winter months. The sunniest city is Pontevedra with 2,223 sunny hours per year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "University of Notre Dame",
"paragraph_text": "In 2015-2016, Notre Dame ranked 18th overall among \"national universities\" in the United States in U.S. News & World Report's Best Colleges 2016. In 2014, USA Today ranked Notre Dame 10th overall for American universities based on data from College Factual. Forbes.com's America's Best Colleges ranks Notre Dame 13th among colleges in the United States in 2015, 8th among Research Universities, and 1st in the Midwest. U.S. News & World Report also lists Notre Dame Law School as 22nd overall. BusinessWeek ranks Mendoza College of Business undergraduate school as 1st overall. It ranks the MBA program as 20th overall. The Philosophical Gourmet Report ranks Notre Dame's graduate philosophy program as 15th nationally, while ARCHITECT Magazine ranked the undergraduate architecture program as 12th nationally. Additionally, the study abroad program ranks sixth in highest participation percentage in the nation, with 57.6% of students choosing to study abroad in 17 countries. According to payscale.com, undergraduate alumni of University of Notre Dame have a mid-career median salary $110,000, making it the 24th highest among colleges and universities in the United States. The median starting salary of $55,300 ranked 58th in the same peer group.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Bid rent theory",
"paragraph_text": "Although later used in the context of urban analysis, though not yet using this term, the bid rent theory was first developed in an agricultural context. One of the first theoreticians of bid rent effects was David Ricardo, according to whom the rent on the most productive land is based on its advantage over the least productive, the competition among farmers ensuring that the full advantages go to the landlords in the form of rent. This theory was later developed by J.H. von Thünen, who combined it with the notion of transport costs. His model implies that the rent at any location is equal to the value of its product minus production costs and transport costs. Admitting that transportation costs are constant for all activities, this will lead to a situation where activities with the highest production costs are located near the marketplace, while those with low production costs are farther away.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
How many sunny days a year does the city which is among the highest in cost of living in the nation experience?
|
[
{
"id": 160915,
"question": "According to 2004 data, what city is among the highest cost of living in the nation?",
"answer": "San Jose",
"paragraph_support_idx": 11
},
{
"id": 160917,
"question": "How many sunny days a year does #1 experience?",
"answer": "300",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
}
] |
300
|
[] | true |
2hop__94658_136477
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen",
"paragraph_text": "Baron Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen (20 February 1880 – 5 November 1923) was a French novelist and poet. His life forms the basis of a fictionalised biography by Roger Peyrefitte.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Frank Wess",
"paragraph_text": "Frank Wellington Wess (January 4, 1922 – October 30, 2013) was an American jazz saxophonist and flautist. In addition to his extensive solo work, Wess is remembered for his time in Count Basie's band from the early 1950s into the 1960s. Critic Scott Yannow described him as one of the premier proteges of Lester Young, and a leading jazz flautist of his era—using the latter instrument to bring new colors to Basie's music.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Force",
"paragraph_text": "As well as being added, forces can also be resolved into independent components at right angles to each other. A horizontal force pointing northeast can therefore be split into two forces, one pointing north, and one pointing east. Summing these component forces using vector addition yields the original force. Resolving force vectors into components of a set of basis vectors is often a more mathematically clean way to describe forces than using magnitudes and directions. This is because, for orthogonal components, the components of the vector sum are uniquely determined by the scalar addition of the components of the individual vectors. Orthogonal components are independent of each other because forces acting at ninety degrees to each other have no effect on the magnitude or direction of the other. Choosing a set of orthogonal basis vectors is often done by considering what set of basis vectors will make the mathematics most convenient. Choosing a basis vector that is in the same direction as one of the forces is desirable, since that force would then have only one non-zero component. Orthogonal force vectors can be three-dimensional with the third component being at right-angles to the other two.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Poverty in India",
"paragraph_text": "The World Bank has been revising its definition and benchmarks to measure up poverty since 1990, with a $2 per day income on purchasing power parity basis as the definition in use from 2005 to 2013. Some semi-economic and non-economic indices have also been proposed to measure poverty in India; for example, the Multi-dimensional Poverty Index placed 33% weight on number of years spent in school and education and 6.25% weight on financial condition of a person, in order to determine if that a person is poor.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Iran",
"paragraph_text": "Between 1872 and 1905, a series of protests took place in response to the sale of concessions to foreigners by Nasser od Din and Mozaffar od Din shahs of Qajar, and led to the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. The first Iranian Constitution and the first national parliament of Iran were founded in 1906, through the ongoing revolution. The Constitution included the official recognition of Iran's three religious minorities, namely Christians, Zoroastrians, and Jews, which has remained a basis in the legislation of Iran since then.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Israel",
"paragraph_text": "The notion of the \"Land of Israel\", known in Hebrew as Eretz Yisrael, has been important and sacred to the Jewish people since Biblical times. According to the Torah, God promised the land to the three Patriarchs of the Jewish people. On the basis of scripture, the period of the three Patriarchs has been placed somewhere in the early 2nd millennium BCE, and the first Kingdom of Israel was established around the 11th century BCE. Subsequent Israelite kingdoms and states ruled intermittently over the next four hundred years, and are known from various extra-biblical sources.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Tiger Zinda Hai",
"paragraph_text": "Tiger Zinda Hai (English: Tiger Is Alive), also known as TZH, is a 2017 Indian Hindi - language action thriller film, directed and co-written by Ali Abbas Zafar. The film stars Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif and Sajjad Delfrooz in leading roles, with Angad Bedi, Kumud Mishra, Nawab Shah, Girish Karnad and Paresh Rawal in supporting roles. The film is the sequel to the 2012 film Ek Tha Tiger and the second installment of the Tiger film series, and is based on the 2014 abduction of Indian nurses by ISIL.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Directive Principles",
"paragraph_text": "While debating on DPSP in the Constituent Assembly, Dr. Ambedkar stated on 19 November 1948 as given below high lighting that the DPSP shall be the basis of future governance of the country:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Zinda Laash",
"paragraph_text": "\"Zinda Laash\" is also known as Dracula in Pakistan (USA title) and The Living Corpse (International title). It is the first movie in Pakistan to be X-rated.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "All India Services",
"paragraph_text": "The Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions is the cadre controlling authority for the IAS, The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change for the IFS and The Ministry of Home Affairs for the IPS while Examination for recruitment of IAS and IPS is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) on the basis of the annual Civil Services Examination, a common civil service examination, and for IFS on the basis of the IFS Examination. Since 2012 onwards, the preliminary (first test) of the two examinations are combined. These officers are recruited and trained by the Central Government, and then allotted to different State cadres.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Dracula",
"paragraph_text": "Dracula is an 1897 Gothic horror novel by Irish author Bram Stoker. It introduced the character of Count Dracula, and established many conventions of subsequent vampire fantasy. The novel tells the story of Dracula's attempt to move from Transylvania to England so that he may find new blood and spread the undead curse, and of the battle between Dracula and a small group of men and a woman led by Professor Abraham Van Helsing.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Subah Ka Sitara",
"paragraph_text": "Subah Ka Sitara is a 1932 Urdu/Hindi romantic costume film from India. It was directed by Premankur Atorthy for New Theatres Ltd. Calcutta. Subah Ka Sitara was the third of the three films with which K. L. Saigal started his acting career in 1932. The first was Mohabbat Ke Ansu and the second was Zinda Lash. Like the first two films, Saigal used the name Saigal Kashmiri in the credit roll of the film. The film starred K. L. Saigal, Rattanbai, Mazhar Khan, Ali Mir Kumar, Radhabai, and Siddiqui. The music was by R. C. Boral. This was also actor Kumar’s second film, the first being \"Zinda Lash\" with Saigal in the lead role. Kumar’s name appeared in the credit roll as Ali Mir and it was from his third film \"Puran Bhagat\" that he changed his screen name to \"Kumar\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Us and Our Education",
"paragraph_text": "Us and Our Education is a 2009 documentary film from the United Kingdom written and produced by Eve Jones and directed by Chris Burns. It explores learning disabilities within schools and in the work place by centering on weekly workshops that were to be used as the basis to a theatre performance by several day centers in Worcestershire.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated",
"paragraph_text": "Fred Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, Shaggy Rogers and Scooby - Doo are a team of teenage mystery solvers who live in the small town of Crystal Cove, the self - proclaimed ``Most Hauntedest Place on Earth ''. The allegedly`` cursed'' town's long history of strange disappearances and ghost and monster sightings form the basis for its thriving tourist industry; as such, the adults of the town (chief among them being Fred's father Mayor Fred Jones Sr. and Sheriff Bronson Stone) are not happy that the kids are debunking all the supernatural goings - on that bring in so much revenue as the overwrought schemes of charlatans and criminals.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Sino-Tibetan relations during the Ming dynasty",
"paragraph_text": "Josef Kolmaš, a sinologist, Tibetologist, and Professor of Oriental Studies at the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, writes that it was during the Qing dynasty \"that developments took place on the basis of which Tibet came to be considered an organic part of China, both practically and theoretically subject to the Chinese central government.\" Yet he states that this was a radical change in regards to all previous eras of Sino-Tibetan relations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Government budget",
"paragraph_text": "A government budget is an annual financial statement presenting the government's proposed revenues and spending for a financial year that is often passed by the legislature, approved by the chief executive or president and presented by the Finance Minister to the nation. The budget is also known as the Annual Financial Statement of the country. This document estimates the anticipated government revenues and government expenditures for the ensuing (current) financial year. For example, only certain types of revenue may be imposed and collected. Property tax is frequently the basis for municipal and county revenues, while sales tax and / or income tax are the basis for state revenues, and income tax and corporate tax are the basis for national revenues.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Charles McClung McGhee",
"paragraph_text": "Charles McClung McGhee (January 23, 1828 – May 5, 1907) was an American industrialist and financier, active primarily in Knoxville, Tennessee, in the latter half of the nineteenth century. As director of the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railway (ETV&G), McGhee was responsible for much of the railroad construction that took place in the East Tennessee area in the 1870s and 1880s. His position with the railroad also gave him access to northern capital markets, which he used to help finance dozens of companies in and around Knoxville. In 1885, he established the Lawson McGhee Library, which was the basis of Knox County's public library system.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "I Gotta Right to Swing",
"paragraph_text": "I Gotta Right to Swing is a 1960 studio album by Sammy Davis Jr., accompanied by an uncredited Count Basie Orchestra, minus Count Basie himself.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Veckans Affärer",
"paragraph_text": "Veckans Affärer (, lit. \"the week's business\") is a Swedish business magazine published on a weekly basis in Stockholm, dealing in all business-related matters both within and outside Sweden.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Isobel Hogg Kerr Beattie",
"paragraph_text": "Isobel Hogg Kerr Beattie (25 August 1900 – 13 July 1970) was possibly the first woman in Scotland to practice architecture on a regular basis.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
From where is the basis for Zinda Laash?
|
[
{
"id": 94658,
"question": "Which is the basis of Zinda Laash?",
"answer": "Dracula",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
},
{
"id": 136477,
"question": "Which place is #1 in?",
"answer": "Transylvania",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Transylvania
|
[] | true |
2hop__14959_51888
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Opening of the North Atlantic Ocean",
"paragraph_text": "Rocks from the North Atlantic Igneous Province have been found in Greenland, the Irminger Basin, Faroe Islands, Vøring Plateau (off Norway), Faroe - Shetland Basin, Hebrides, Outer Moray Firth and Denmark. The supercontinent known as Pangea existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras and began to rift around 200 million years ago. Pangea had three major phases of breakup. The first major phase began in the Early - Middle Jurassic, taking place between North America and Africa. The second major phase of breakup began in the Early Cretaceous. The South Atlantic Ocean opened around 140 million years ago as Africa separated from South America, and about the same time, India separated from Antarctica and Australia, forming the central Indian Ocean. The final major phase of breakup occurred in the early Cenozoic, as Laurentia separated from Eurasia. As the two plates broke free from each other, the Atlantic Ocean continued to expand.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Water distribution on Earth",
"paragraph_text": "Water is distributed across earth. Most water in the Earth's atmosphere and crust comes from the world ocean's saline seawater, while freshwater accounts for only 2.5% of the total. Because the oceans that cover roughly 78% of the area of the Earth reflect blue light, the Earth appears blue from space, and is often referred to as the blue planet and the Pale Blue Dot. An estimated 1.5 to 11 times the amount of water in the oceans may be found hundreds of miles deep within the Earth's interior, although not in liquid form.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Land",
"paragraph_text": "``Land mass ''refers to the total surface area of the land of a geographical region or country (which may include discontinuous pieces of land such as islands). It is written as two words to distinguish it from the usage`` landmass'', the contiguous area of land surrounded by ocean. Earth's total land mass is approximately 148,939,063.133 km (57,505,693.767 sq mi) which is about 29.2% of its total surface. Water covers approximately 70.8% of Earth's surface, mainly in the form of oceans and ice formations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Charleston, South Carolina",
"paragraph_text": "Charleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline and is located on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the confluence of the Ashley and Cooper Rivers, or, as is locally expressed, \"where the Cooper and Ashley Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Divergent boundary",
"paragraph_text": "In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts which eventually become rift valleys. Most active divergent plate boundaries occur between oceanic plates and exist as mid-oceanic ridges. Divergent boundaries also form volcanic islands which occur when the plates move apart to produce gaps which molten lava rises to fill.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Iselin Seamount",
"paragraph_text": "Iselin Seamount is a seamount in the Southern Ocean off Antarctica. It was named for the research ship \"Iselin II\" of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, the name being approved by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features in February 1964.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Geological history of Earth",
"paragraph_text": "During the Eocene (56 million years ago - 33.9 million years ago), the continents continued to drift toward their present positions. At the beginning of the period, Australia and Antarctica remained connected, and warm equatorial currents mixed with colder Antarctic waters, distributing the heat around the world and keeping global temperatures high. But when Australia split from the southern continent around 45 Ma, the warm equatorial currents were deflected away from Antarctica, and an isolated cold water channel developed between the two continents. The Antarctic region cooled down, and the ocean surrounding Antarctica began to freeze, sending cold water and ice floes north, reinforcing the cooling. The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_text": "The Southern Ocean, geologically the youngest of the oceans, was formed when Antarctica and South America moved apart, opening the Drake Passage, roughly 30 million years ago. The separation of the continents allowed the formation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "D'Urville Sea",
"paragraph_text": "D'Urville Sea is a sea of the Southern Ocean, north of the coast of Adélie Land, East Antarctica. It is named after the French explorer and officer Jules Dumont d'Urville.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "United States Exploring Expedition",
"paragraph_text": "The United States Exploring Expedition of 1838–1842 was an exploring and surveying expedition of the Pacific Ocean and surrounding lands conducted by the United States. The original appointed commanding officer was Commodore Thomas ap Catesby Jones. Funding for the original expedition was requested by President John Quincy Adams in 1828, however, Congress would not implement funding until eight years later. In May 1836, the oceanic exploration voyage was finally authorized by Congress and created by President Andrew Jackson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Flag of Bequia",
"paragraph_text": "The unofficial flag of Bequia is composed of three black waves, which stand for Bequia Channel, the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; and a black humpback whale, Bequia's main icon, surrounded by a black-and-white border around the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Small-scale \"expedition tourism\" has existed since 1957 and is currently subject to Antarctic Treaty and Environmental Protocol provisions, but in effect self-regulated by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Not all vessels associated with Antarctic tourism are members of IAATO, but IAATO members account for 95% of the tourist activity. Travel is largely by small or medium ship, focusing on specific scenic locations with accessible concentrations of iconic wildlife. A total of 37,506 tourists visited during the 2006–07 Austral summer with nearly all of them coming from commercial ships. The number was predicted to increase to over 80,000 by 2010.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "West Indies",
"paragraph_text": "The West Indies or the Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean that includes the island countries and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Antarctica (band)",
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica was an American indie rock band from New York existing from 1995 until 1999, generally considered post-rock, shoegazing, or electronica, having been compared with early Cure. Their output consisted of two well-regarded releases, and individual members have been in other bands before and since Antarctica.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres (5,400,000 square miles), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft) in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Grüner See (Styria)",
"paragraph_text": "Grüner See (Green Lake) is a lake in Styria, Austria in a village named Tragöß. The lake is surrounded by the Hochschwab Mountains and forests. The name \"Green Lake\" originated because of its emerald-green water. The clean and clear water comes from the snowmelt from the karst mountains and has a temperature of . During winter, the lake is only deep and the surrounding area is used as a county park.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Cameron River Volcanic Belt",
"paragraph_text": "The Cameron River Volcanic Belt is a Neoarchean volcanic belt near the Cameron River in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It contains pillow lavas about 2,600 million years old, indicating that great oceanic volcanoes existed during the early stages of the formation of the Earth's crust.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Walpole Wilderness Area",
"paragraph_text": "The Walpole Wilderness Area is a group of conservation reserves on the south coast of Western Australia. The area includes vast tracts of jarrah, tingle and karri forests surrounding granite peaks, rivers, heathlands, and wetlands. Coastal features include inlets and sandy beaches, sheer cliffs and the Southern Ocean.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "City of Benalla",
"paragraph_text": "The City of Benalla was a local government area about northeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city, which was completely surrounded by the Shire of Benalla, covered an area of , and existed from 1948 until 1994.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the ocean surrounding Antarctica come into existence?
|
[
{
"id": 14959,
"question": "What ocean surrounds Antarctica?",
"answer": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_support_idx": 15
},
{
"id": 51888,
"question": "when did #1 come into existence",
"answer": "roughly 30 million years ago",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
roughly 30 million years ago
|
[] | true |
2hop__14959_53204
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Oceanic crust",
"paragraph_text": "Oceanic crust is continuously being created at mid-ocean ridges. As plates diverge at these ridges, magma rises into the upper mantle and crust. As it moves away from the ridge, the lithosphere becomes cooler and denser, and sediment gradually builds on top of it. The youngest oceanic lithosphere is at the oceanic ridges, and it gets progressively older away from the ridges.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Caribbean",
"paragraph_text": "The Caribbean (/ ˌkærɪˈbiːən / or / kəˈrɪbiən /, local most common pronunciation / ˈkærɪˌbiːən /) is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts. The region is southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and the North American mainland, east of Central America, and north of South America.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Smurfs: The Lost Village",
"paragraph_text": "Demi Lovato as Smurfette, a girl smurf who was created by the wizard Gargamel. Surrounded by male Smurfs who each have a clear role in the village, she becomes curious about her own purpose.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres (5,400,000 square miles), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft) in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Central Coast Regional District",
"paragraph_text": "Central Coast Regional District is a regional district in British Columbia, Canada. It has a total land area of 24,559.5 km² (9,482.5 sq mi). When it was created in 1968, it was known as the Ocean Falls Regional District, named for the then-largest town in the region, the company town of Ocean Falls, which has since become a ghost town. The district name was confirmed in 1974, but changed to Central Coast Regional District in 1976.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Iselin Seamount",
"paragraph_text": "Iselin Seamount is a seamount in the Southern Ocean off Antarctica. It was named for the research ship \"Iselin II\" of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, the name being approved by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features in February 1964.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "United States Exploring Expedition",
"paragraph_text": "The United States Exploring Expedition of 1838–1842 was an exploring and surveying expedition of the Pacific Ocean and surrounding lands conducted by the United States. The original appointed commanding officer was Commodore Thomas ap Catesby Jones. Funding for the original expedition was requested by President John Quincy Adams in 1828, however, Congress would not implement funding until eight years later. In May 1836, the oceanic exploration voyage was finally authorized by Congress and created by President Andrew Jackson.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Mount Washington, Kentucky",
"paragraph_text": "Mount Washington is a home rule-class city in northeast Bullitt County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 9,117 at the 2010 census. The city is one of several surrounding Louisville that have experienced a sharp rise in population in the past three decades, becoming a commuter town.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prevents temperatures in the Arctic regions from reaching the extremes typical of the land surface of Antarctica. Third, the Earth is at aphelion in July (i.e., the Earth is farthest from the Sun in the Antarctic winter), and the Earth is at perihelion in January (i.e., the Earth is closest to the Sun in the Antarctic summer). The orbital distance contributes to a colder Antarctic winter (and a warmer Antarctic summer) but the first two effects have more impact.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Land",
"paragraph_text": "``Land mass ''refers to the total surface area of the land of a geographical region or country (which may include discontinuous pieces of land such as islands). It is written as two words to distinguish it from the usage`` landmass'', the contiguous area of land surrounded by ocean. Earth's total land mass is approximately 148,939,063.133 km (57,505,693.767 sq mi) which is about 29.2% of its total surface. Water covers approximately 70.8% of Earth's surface, mainly in the form of oceans and ice formations.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Indo-Australian Plate",
"paragraph_text": "The Indo - Australian Plate is a major tectonic plate that includes the continent of Australia and surrounding ocean, and extends northwest to include the Indian subcontinent and adjacent waters. It was formed by the fusion of Indian and Australian plates 43 million years ago. Recent studies, and seismic events such as the 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes, suggest that the Indo - Australian Plate may have broken up into two or three separate plates due primarily to stresses induced by the collision of the Indo - Australian Plate with Eurasia along the Himalayas, and that the Indian Plate and Australian Plate have been separate since at least 3 million years ago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Walpole Wilderness Area",
"paragraph_text": "The Walpole Wilderness Area is a group of conservation reserves on the south coast of Western Australia. The area includes vast tracts of jarrah, tingle and karri forests surrounding granite peaks, rivers, heathlands, and wetlands. Coastal features include inlets and sandy beaches, sheer cliffs and the Southern Ocean.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Flag of Bequia",
"paragraph_text": "The unofficial flag of Bequia is composed of three black waves, which stand for Bequia Channel, the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean; and a black humpback whale, Bequia's main icon, surrounded by a black-and-white border around the flag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Antarctica",
"paragraph_text": "Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Coolangatta Estate",
"paragraph_text": "The Coolangatta Estate at Shoalhaven Heads was established in 1822 by Alexander Berry on the South Coast of New South Wales, Australia. Coolangatta Estate is located on the northern bank of the Shoalhaven River, in the foothills of a mountain called Coolangatta. The word 'Coolangatta' is from an aboriginal word which means either \"splendid view\" or \"good lookout\". The estate today is in a picturesque setting overlooking the ocean and surrounded by vineyards.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Geological history of Earth",
"paragraph_text": "During the Eocene (56 million years ago - 33.9 million years ago), the continents continued to drift toward their present positions. At the beginning of the period, Australia and Antarctica remained connected, and warm equatorial currents mixed with colder Antarctic waters, distributing the heat around the world and keeping global temperatures high. But when Australia split from the southern continent around 45 Ma, the warm equatorial currents were deflected away from Antarctica, and an isolated cold water channel developed between the two continents. The Antarctic region cooled down, and the ocean surrounding Antarctica began to freeze, sending cold water and ice floes north, reinforcing the cooling. The present pattern of ice ages began about 40 million years ago.[citation needed]",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Basalt Lake",
"paragraph_text": "Basalt Lake is a small freshwater lake surrounded by three basalt outcrops with ‘organ-pipe’ formations in their rocks, situated in the central part of the ice-free Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. and draining through a 1.6 km stream southwards into Bransfield Strait.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_text": "By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters as various parts of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, instead. However, according to Commodore John Leech of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), this situation has no scientific sense since it has different ecosystem and life from the three oceans mentioned before and is located on a southern portion of Earth, hence the name of an ocean. This remains the current official policy of the IHO, since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally - fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "West Indies",
"paragraph_text": "The West Indies or the Caribbean Basin is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean in the Caribbean that includes the island countries and surrounding waters of three major archipelagoes: the Greater Antilles, the Lesser Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Southampton",
"paragraph_text": "Southampton's strong economy is promoting redevelopment, and major projects are proposed, including the city's first skyscrapers on the waterfront. The three towers proposed will stand 23 storeys high and will be surrounded by smaller apartment blocks, office blocks and shops. There are also plans for a 15-storey hotel at the Ocean Village marina, and a 21-storey hotel on the north eastern corner of the city centre, as part of a £100m development.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
When did the ocean surrounding Antarctica become a thing?
|
[
{
"id": 14959,
"question": "What ocean surrounds Antarctica?",
"answer": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 53204,
"question": "when did #1 become a thing",
"answer": "the 1770s",
"paragraph_support_idx": 17
}
] |
the 1770s
|
[] | true |
2hop__552256_22041
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "The Way Some People Die",
"paragraph_text": "The Way Some People Die is a detective mystery written in 1951 by American author Ross Macdonald. It is the third book featuring his private eye Lew Archer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Harold Jack Underwood",
"paragraph_text": "Harold Jack Underwood (1908–1979) was a notable New Zealand clerk, farmer, toy-maker and manufacturer. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand in 1908.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Dead Stay Young",
"paragraph_text": "The Dead Stay Young (\"Die Toten Bleiben Jung\") is a 1949 novel by German author Anna Seghers. The book describes Communists secretly working in Germany between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Attorney General of New York",
"paragraph_text": "Attorney General of New York Seal of the Attorney General Incumbent Barbara Underwood since May 8, 2018 Department of Law Style The Honorable Term length Four years No limit Constituting instrument New York Constitution, Executive Law Formation 1626 First holder Egbert Benson Succession Election by joint session of New York State Legislature Website www.ag.ny.gov",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Nuremberg Chronicle",
"paragraph_text": "Latin scholars refer to it as Liber Chronicarum (Book of Chronicles) as this phrase appears in the index introduction of the Latin edition. English-speakers have long referred to it as the \"Nuremberg Chronicle\" after the city in which it was published. German-speakers refer to it as Die Schedelsche Weltchronik (Schedel's World History) in honour of its author.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington)",
"paragraph_text": "Since 1921 the intent was to place a superstructure on top of the Tomb, but it was not until July 3, 1926, that Congress authorized the completion of the Tomb and the expenditure of $50,000 (with a completed cost of $48,000). A design competition was held and won by architect Lorimer Rich and sculptor Thomas Hudson Jones. An appropriation from Congress for the work was secured and on December 21, 1929, a contract for completion of the Tomb itself was entered into. The Tomb would consist of seven pieces of marble in four levels (cap, die, base and sub-base) of which the die is the largest block with the sculpting on all four sides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Revenue Act of 1913",
"paragraph_text": "The Revenue Act of 1913, also known as the Tariff Act, the Underwood Tariff, the Underwood Act, the Underwood Tariff Act, or the Underwood - Simmons Act (ch. 16, 38 Stat. 114, October 3, 1913), re-imposed the federal income tax after the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment and lowered basic tariff rates from 40% to 25%, well below the Payne - Aldrich Tariff Act of 1909. It was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson on October 3, 1913 and was sponsored by Alabama Representative Oscar Underwood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Frank Underwood (House of Cards)",
"paragraph_text": "Dunbar drops out of the race due to the discovery of a meeting she'd had with Goodwin a few days before the attempt on Underwood's life. Underwood begins planning to maneuver Claire into the VP spot and to use the NSA to illegally obtain voter information and spy on the Republican nominee, Will Conway (Joel Kinnaman). This happens while Underwood and Claire advocate for a controversial gun control bill for the sole purpose of creating an atmosphere divisive enough to weed out potential running mates. During the resulting open convention, Underwood intimidates the front - runner, Secretary of State Catherine Durant (Jayne Atkinson), into surrendering her delegates, and uses the public sympathy from Claire's mother's death to ensure that he and Claire are nominated.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "In aller Stille",
"paragraph_text": "In aller Stille (\"in complete silence\") is the eleventh studio album by the German punk band Die Toten Hosen. It's the first studio album in 4 years. The cover was designed by Dirk Rudolph. The central theme for this album is energy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Sophie Kerr",
"paragraph_text": "Born in the Caroline County town of Denton, Maryland, in 1880, Sophie Kerr graduated from Denton High School in 1895 and went on to earn a bachelor's degree from Hood College and a master's degree from the University of Vermont. She married John DeLoss Underwood, a civil engineer, in 1904 and divorced him four years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "List of House of Cards episodes",
"paragraph_text": "Kevin Spacey stars as Representative Francis Underwood, the Majority Whip, who, after being passed up for the position of Secretary of State, initiates an elaborate plan to get himself into a position of greater power, aided by his wife, Claire Underwood (Robin Wright). In January 2016, Netflix renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on May 30, 2017. As of May 30, 2017, 65 episodes of House of Cards have been released, concluding the fifth season.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Jesus, Take the Wheel",
"paragraph_text": "``Jesus, Take the Wheel ''is a song written by Brett James, Hillary Lindsey, and Gordie Sampson, and recorded by American country music artist Carrie Underwood. It was released in October 2005 as the first single from Underwood's debut album Some Hearts. The ballad tells of a woman seeking help from Jesus in an emergency, ultimately letting Jesus take control of her life.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird",
"paragraph_text": "Lee had lost her mother, who suffered from mental illness, six years before she met Hohoff at Lippincott’s offices. Her father, a lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled, would die two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Journey to the East",
"paragraph_text": "Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as \"Die Morgenlandfahrt\". This novel came directly after his biggest international success, \"Narcissus and Goldmund\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Underwood Glacier",
"paragraph_text": "Underwood Glacier () is a channel glacier in Wilkes Land, Antarctica about long, flowing to the Antarctic coast between Reist Rocks and Cape Nutt. It was mapped in 1955 by G. D. Blodgett from aerial photographs taken by U.S. Navy Operation Highjump in 1947 and named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after Lieutenant Thomas Joseph Underwood, Jr., USMC, who served on the sloop \"Vincennes\" of the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–42) under Lieutenant Charles Wilkes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Frank Underwood (House of Cards)",
"paragraph_text": "Toward the end of the season, Underwood orchestrates Walker's downfall. He secretly leaks the details of the money laundering, for which Walker is blamed. While publicly supporting Walker, Underwood works behind the scenes to have him impeached, with Sharp's help. In the season finale, ``Chapter 26 '', Walker resigns, and Underwood succeeds him as President of the United States.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "The Lightning Thief",
"paragraph_text": "The Lightning Thief is a 2005 fantasy - adventure novel based on Greek mythology, the first young adult novel written by American author Rick Riordan. It is the first novel in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series, which charts the adventures of modern - day twelve - year - old Percy Jackson as he discovers he is a demigod, the son of a mortal woman and the Greek god Poseidon. Percy and his friends Annabeth Chase and Grover Underwood go on a quest to prevent a war between the gods Zeus, Poseidon, and Hades.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Jesus, Take the Wheel",
"paragraph_text": "\"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" is a song written by Brett James, Hillary Lindsey and Gordie Sampson, and recorded by American country music artist Carrie Underwood. It was released in October 2005 as the first single from Underwood's debut album \"Some Hearts\". The ballad tells of a woman seeking help from Jesus in an emergency, ultimately letting Jesus take control of her life.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Underwoods",
"paragraph_text": "Underwoods is a collection of poems by Robert Louis Stevenson published in 1887. It comprises two books, Book I with 38 poems in English, Book II with 16 poems in Scots. He says in the initial note that \"I am from the Lothians myself; it is there I heard the language spoken about my childhood; and it is in the drawling Lothian voice that I repeat it to myself.\"",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
What year did the author of Underwoods die?
|
[
{
"id": 552256,
"question": "Underwoods >> author",
"answer": "Robert Louis Stevenson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 22041,
"question": "In what year did #1 die?",
"answer": "1894",
"paragraph_support_idx": 1
}
] |
1894
|
[] | true |
2hop__650404_22041
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Harry Crews",
"paragraph_text": "The University of Georgia acquired Harry Crews's papers in August 2006. The archive includes manuscripts and typescripts of his fiction, correspondence, and notes made by Crews while on assignment. Guides to his collections are available at http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/search?keyword=&title=&creator=crews&year=&year-max=&smode=advanced.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "The Child in Time",
"paragraph_text": "The Child in Time (1987) is a novel by Ian McEwan. It won the Whitbread Novel Award for that year. The story concerns Stephen, an author of children's books, and his wife, two years after the kidnapping of their three-year-old daughter Kate. Author Christopher Hitchens viewed the novel as McEwan's masterpiece.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Menculik Miyabi",
"paragraph_text": "Menculik Miyabi (Indonesian for \"Kidnapping Miyabi\") is a 2010 Indonesian comedy film directed by Findo Purwono HW and produced by Ody Mulya Hidayat. Starring Sabrina Pai and Nicky Tirta, the film follows a young man who is obsessed with AV idol Maria Ozawa and, in an attempt to kidnap her, accidentally kidnaps a Taiwanese tourist. After the film was announced it was protested heavily by the Islamic Defenders Front, which resulted in Ozawa's role being cut almost entirely. Critical reception was unfavourable.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sensational Kidnapping",
"paragraph_text": "Sensational Kidnapping (Spanish:Secuestro sensacional) is a 1942 Argentine comedy film directed by Luis Bayón Herrera and starring Luis Sandrini, Elsa O'Connor and Osvaldo Miranda. After somebody runs away from home, it is wrongly believed they have been kidnapped.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Wheels of Terror",
"paragraph_text": "Wheels of Terror (also known as Terror in Copper Valley) is a 1990 American made-for-television thriller film directed by Christopher Cain and starring Joanna Cassidy and Marcie Leeds. The film originally debuted on the USA Network in 1990. The plot concerns the unseen driver of a primer gray Dodge Charger, (consisting of mixed year's makes 1971, 1974) kidnapping, molesting, and sometimes murdering young girls around the fictional locale of Copper Valley, Arizona and a bus driver who chases the car, after it kidnaps her daughter played by Marcie Leeds.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird",
"paragraph_text": "Lee had lost her mother, who suffered from mental illness, six years before she met Hohoff at Lippincott’s offices. Her father, a lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled, would die two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Walt Lloyd",
"paragraph_text": "Walt appears in thirty episodes of Lost; 27 in seasons one and two as a series regular, and three more episodes as a guest star. He also features in the Lost epilogue ``The New Man in Charge ''. Throughout the series, he is the only child main character. Initially, Walt and Michael have a dysfunctional father - son relationship, causing Walt to form friendships with other survivors, such as Locke and Sun. Walt leaves the island on a raft with Michael and two other survivors during the episode`` Exodus'', but is kidnapped by a group of hostile island inhabitants known as the Others. Walt is then released by the Others in the episode ``Live Together, Die Alone '', who claim that he was`` more than (they) could handle'', and he and Michael leave the island at the end of season two.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Hamida Djandoubi",
"paragraph_text": "Hamida Djandoubi (Arabic: حميدة جندوبي ; September 22, 1949 -- September 10, 1977) was a Tunisian agricultural worker and convicted murderer. He moved to Marseille, France, in 1968 and six years later he kidnapped, tortured and murdered 22 - year - old Élisabeth Bousquet, his former girlfriend. He was sentenced to death in February 1977 and executed in September that year. He was the last person to be executed in Western Europe and in the European Union and the last person legally executed by beheading in the Western world. Marcel Chevalier served as chief executioner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Taken from Me: The Tiffany Rubin Story",
"paragraph_text": "Taken from Me: The Tiffany Rubin Story is a 2011 original LMN movie, starring Taraji P. Henson and Terry O'Quinn. The film follows the events surrounding the kidnapping and rescue of the son of Tiffany Rubin, who was kidnapped by his father and taken to South Korea.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Kidnapped (2005 miniseries)",
"paragraph_text": "Kidnapped is a two-part BBC television adaptation of the 1886 novel of the same name by Robert Louis Stevenson. The show is directed by Brendan Maher and stars James Anthony Pearson as Davie Balfour and Iain Glen as Alan Breck.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Steven Spielberg",
"paragraph_text": "After completing filming on Ready Player One, while it is in its lengthy, effects-heavy post-production, he will film his long-planned adaptation of David Kertzer's acclaimed The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara. The book follows the true story of a young Jewish boy in 1858 Italy who was secretly baptized by a family servant and then kidnapped from his family by the Papal States, where he was raised and trained as a priest, causing international outrage and becoming a media sensation. First announced in 2014, the book has been adapted by Tony Kushner and the film will again star Mark Rylance, as Pope Pius IX. It will be filmed in early 2017 for release at the end of that year, before Ready Player One is completed and released in 2018.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Never Die Young",
"paragraph_text": "Never Die Young is singer-songwriter James Taylor's twelfth studio album. It was released in 1988, three years after his previous effort, \"That's Why I'm Here\". The album reached #25 on the \"Billboard\" 200 and eventually was certified Platinum by the RIAA.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Neue Rundschau",
"paragraph_text": "The Neue Rundschau, formerly Die neue Rundschau (), founded in 1890, is a quarterly German literary magazine that appears in the S. Fischer Verlag. With its over 100 years of continuous history, it is one of the oldest cultural publications in Europe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Hamida Djandoubi",
"paragraph_text": "Hamida Djandoubi (Arabic: حميدة جندوبي ; September 22, 1949 -- September 10, 1977) was a Tunisian agricultural worker and convicted murderer. He moved to Marseille, France, in 1968 and six years later he kidnapped, tortured and murdered 22 - year - old Élisabeth Bousquet, his former girlfriend. He was sentenced to death in February 1977 and executed by guillotine in September that year. He was the last person to be executed in Western Europe and in the European Union and the last person legally executed by beheading in the Western world. Marcel Chevalier served as chief executioner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Great Kidnapping",
"paragraph_text": "The Great Kidnapping (, also known as \"The Police Look On\" and \"Ransom! Police Is Watching\") is a 1973 Italian poliziottesco film directed by Roberto Infascelli.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "The Kidnapping of Michel Houellebecq",
"paragraph_text": "The Kidnapping of Michel Houellebecq () is a 2014 French comedy-drama film directed by Guillaume Nicloux, starring Michel Houellebecq, Mathieu Nicourt, Maxime Lefrançois and Luc Schwarz. It tells the story of how the famous author Michel Houellebecq is kidnapped and held for ransom by three men during a promotional tour in 2011.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Hamida Djandoubi",
"paragraph_text": "Hamida Djandoubi (Arabic: حميدة جندوبي ; September 22, 1949 -- September 10, 1977) was a Tunisian agricultural worker and convicted murderer. He moved to Marseille, France, in 1968 and six years later he kidnapped, tortured and murdered 22 - year - old Élisabeth Bousquet, his former girlfriend. He was sentenced to death in February 1977 and executed in September that year. He was the last person to be executed in Western Europe and in the European Union and the last person legally executed by beheading in the Western world. Marcel Chevalier served as chief executioner.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Die Zeit, die Zeit",
"paragraph_text": "Die Zeit, die Zeit (The time, the time) is the name of a Novel by Martin Suter, that was published in September 2012 by Diogenes Verlag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "In aller Stille",
"paragraph_text": "In aller Stille (\"in complete silence\") is the eleventh studio album by the German punk band Die Toten Hosen. It's the first studio album in 4 years. The cover was designed by Dirk Rudolph. The central theme for this album is energy.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did the creator of Kidnapped die?
|
[
{
"id": 650404,
"question": "Kidnapped >> creator",
"answer": "Robert Louis Stevenson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
},
{
"id": 22041,
"question": "In what year did #1 die?",
"answer": "1894",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
1894
|
[] | true |
2hop__143162_438686
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Omphale (Destouches)",
"paragraph_text": "Omphale is an opera by the French composer André Cardinal Destouches, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 10 November 1701. It takes the form of a \"tragédie en musique\" in a prologue and five acts. The libretto is by Antoine Houdar de La Motte.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Fernando en Filippo",
"paragraph_text": "\"Fernando en Filippo\" (\"Fernando and Filippo\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1966, performed in Dutch by Milly Scott.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Sémélé",
"paragraph_text": "Sémélé is an opera by Marin Marais with a libretto by Antoine Houdar de la Motte first performed on April 9, 1709, by the Paris Opera at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal. The opera is in the form of a \"tragédie en musique\" with a prologue and five acts.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Lena Anthem",
"paragraph_text": "\"Lena Anthem\" or \"Mitt namn är Lena Philipsson\", is a song written by Orup and performed by Lena Philipsson and released as a single as well as her studio album \"Det gör ont en stund på natten men inget på dan\". In the middle of the song recording, the melody for the song \"Dansa i neon\" can be heard.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Employment Non-Discrimination Act",
"paragraph_text": "In 2009, following Democratic gains in the 2008 elections, and after the divisiveness of the 2007 debate, Rep. Barney Frank introduced a transgender - inclusive version of ENDA. He introduced it again in 2011, and Sen. Jeff Merkley introduced it in the Senate. On November 7, 2013, Merkley's bill passed the Senate with bipartisan support by a vote of 64 -- 32. President Barack Obama supported the bill's passage.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Orphée (Louis Lully)",
"paragraph_text": "Orphée (\"Orpheus\") is an opera by the French composer Louis Lully, with contributions from his brother Jean-Baptiste Lully the Younger. It was first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 21 February 1690. It takes the form of a \"tragédie en musique\" in five acts and a prologue. The libretto is by Michel Duboullay.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Endamekoni",
"paragraph_text": "Endamekoni () (also transliterated as Enda Mohoni) is one of the woredas in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debubawi Zone, Endamehoni is bordered on the south by Ofla, on the west by the Amhara Region, on the north by Alaje, and on the east by Raya Azebo. Towns in Endamehoni include Wedisemro. The town of Maychew is surrounded by Endamehoni.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Ravaillacz",
"paragraph_text": "Ravaillacz is a superquartet from Sweden, which participated at Melodifestivalen 2013 with the charting song \"\"En riktig jävla schlager\"\". Consisting of Tommy Körberg, Claes Malmberg, Johan Rabaeus and Mats Ronander, it ended up 10th.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ryanair",
"paragraph_text": "On 27 January 2014, Ryanair moved into their new €20m, 100,000 sq ft Dublin Head Office in Airside Business Park, having outgrown their previous office based within Dublin Airport. The building was officially opened on Thursday 3 April 2014 by Taoiseach Enda Kenny, Minister for Finance Michael Noonan and the Lord Mayor of Dublin Oisin Quinn.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Frank en Eva",
"paragraph_text": "Frank en Eva (English release title: Living Apart Together) is a 1973 Dutch film which features the debut performance of Sylvia Kristel.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Bra vibrationer (song)",
"paragraph_text": "\"Bra vibrationer\" (\"Good vibrations\"), written by Ingela Forsman and composed by Lasse Holm, was the Swedish entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 1985, performed by Kikki Danielsson.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Melodifestivalen 1963",
"paragraph_text": "Melodifestivalen 1963 (known as Eurovisionsschlagern, svensk final) was the selection for the sixth song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the fifth time that this system of picking a song had been used. One singer performed the song with a large orchestra and one with a smaller orchestra. 816 songs were submitted to SVT for the competition. The final was broadcast on Sveriges Radio TV but was not broadcast on radio. Monica Zetterlund performed \"En gång i Stockholm\" at Eurovision, and became the first and only artist to score \"nul points\" for Sweden.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Sei parte di me",
"paragraph_text": "\"Sei parte di me\" (en: You are part of me) is a pop song and third single by Zero Assoluto from their second studio album \"Appena prima di partire\". The song was released on June 30, 2006. The group performed the song at the 2006Festivalbar, and won the award for \"Revelation of the Year\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Tarsis et Zélie",
"paragraph_text": "Tarsis et Zélie is an opera by the French composers François Francoeur and François Rebel, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 19 October 1728. It takes the form of a \"tragédie en musique\" in a prologue and five acts. The libretto is by Jean-Louis-Igance de La Serre.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "En enda gång",
"paragraph_text": "En enda gång is a 1992 studio album from Kikki Danielsson & Roosarna. The tracks \"En enda gång\", \"Kvällens sista dans\" and \"Natt efter natt\" were tested for Svensktoppen, but only \"En enda gång\" managed to enter the chart.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Arion (Matho)",
"paragraph_text": "Arion is an opera by the French composer Jean-Baptiste Matho, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 10 April 1714. It takes the form of a \"tragédie en musique\" in a prologue and five acts. The libretto, by Louis Fuzelier, is based on the Greek myth of the poet Arion.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Vampires in Havana",
"paragraph_text": "¡Vampiros en La Habana! (English title: Vampires in Havana) is a 1985 Cuban animated film directed by Juan Padrón and features trumpet performances by Arturo Sandoval. A sequel to the film, called \"Más vampiros en La Habana\" (English title: More Vampires in Havana!), was released in 2003.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Jij en ik",
"paragraph_text": "\"Jij en ik\" (\"You and me\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982, performed in Dutch by Bill van Dijk.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Pilar Bardem",
"paragraph_text": "Born to performers Rafael Bardem and Matilde Muñoz Sampedro in Seville, Pilar began her screen career in 1965. She was a regular in the television series \"Compuesta y sin novio\" (1994), \"Hermanas\" (1998), \"El Inquilino\" (2004), and \"Amar en tiempos revueltos\" (2005–2007).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "America's Got Talent",
"paragraph_text": "The general selection process of each season is begun by the production team with open auditions held in various cities across the United States. Dubbed ``Producers' Auditions '', they are held months before the main stage of auditions are held. Those that make it through the initial stage, become participants in the`` Judges' Auditions'', which are held in select cities across the country, and attended by the judges. Each participant is held offstage and awaits their turn to perform before the judges, whereupon they are given 90 seconds to demonstrate their act, with a live audience present for all performances. At the end of a performance, the judges give constructive criticism and feedback about what they saw, whereupon they each give a vote - a participant who receives a majority vote approving their performance, moves on to the next stage, otherwise they are eliminated from the programme at that stage. Each judge is given a buzzer, and may use it during a performance if they are unimpressed, hate what is being performed, or feel the act is a waste of their time; if a participant is buzzed by all judges, their performance is automatically over and they are eliminated without being given a vote. Many acts that move on may be cut by producers and may forfeit due to the limited slots available for the second performance. Filming for each season always takes place when the Judges' Auditions are taking place, with the show's presenter standing in the wings of each venue's stage to interview and give personal commentary on a participant's performance.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What competition did the artist behind En enda gång compete in?
|
[
{
"id": 143162,
"question": "Who is the performer of En enda gång?",
"answer": "Kikki Danielsson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 14
},
{
"id": 438686,
"question": "#1 >> participant in",
"answer": "Eurovision Song Contest 1985",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
Eurovision Song Contest 1985
|
[] | true |
2hop__164273_22041
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington)",
"paragraph_text": "Since 1921 the intent was to place a superstructure on top of the Tomb, but it was not until July 3, 1926, that Congress authorized the completion of the Tomb and the expenditure of $50,000 (with a completed cost of $48,000). A design competition was held and won by architect Lorimer Rich and sculptor Thomas Hudson Jones. An appropriation from Congress for the work was secured and on December 21, 1929, a contract for completion of the Tomb itself was entered into. The Tomb would consist of seven pieces of marble in four levels (cap, die, base and sub-base) of which the die is the largest block with the sculpting on all four sides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Barney Cheng",
"paragraph_text": "Cheng was born in Taipei, Taiwan. His family emigrated to the United States when he was 12 years old and he grew up in Brea, California. He speaks Mandarin Chinese and Taiwanese Hokkien fluently.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Amateur Emigrant",
"paragraph_text": "The Amateur Emigrant (in full: The Amateur Emigrant from the Clyde to Sandy Hook) is Robert Louis Stevenson's travel memoir of his journey from Scotland to California in 1879-1880. It is not a complete account, covering the first third, by ship from Europe to New York City. The middle leg of the trip is documented in \"Across the Plains\" (1892) with the final part covered in \"The Silverado Squatters\" (1883). \"The Amateur Emigrant\" was written in 1879-80 and was not published in full until 1895, one year after his death.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Saint Helena",
"paragraph_text": "During periods of unemployment, there has been a long pattern of emigration from the island since the post-Napoleonic period. The majority of \"Saints\" emigrated to the UK, South Africa and in the early years, Australia. The population has steadily declined since the late 1980s and has dropped from 5,157 at the 1998 census to 4,255 in 2008. In the past emigration was characterised by young unaccompanied persons leaving to work on long-term contracts on Ascension and the Falkland Islands, but since \"Saints\" were re-awarded UK citizenship in 2002, emigration to the UK by a wider range of wage-earners has accelerated due to the prospect of higher wages and better progression prospects.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird",
"paragraph_text": "Lee had lost her mother, who suffered from mental illness, six years before she met Hohoff at Lippincott’s offices. Her father, a lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled, would die two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "II - The Final Option",
"paragraph_text": "II - The Final Option is an album by the German band Die Krupps. It was released in 1993. A double CD special edition was released the same year, containing the same track listing with demo versions on the second CD.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Glyn Owen",
"paragraph_text": "Born in Bolton, Lancashire, the son of a Welsh railway guard, Glyn Owen left school aged 14 and worked in a telegraph office. He completed his national service in 1946-48 during which time he acted in the War Office's amateur dramatic company. For the next five years he was a police officer in London's Paddington district, while continuing in amateur dramatics and receiving acting training at the Actors' Studio in St John's Wood.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Tim Alioto",
"paragraph_text": "Tim Alioto is a retired American soccer Defender who spent most of his career with the amateur Milwaukee Bavarians. He played professionally for four years in the American Indoor Soccer Association.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Franc Joubin",
"paragraph_text": "Born in San Francisco, California to parents of French descent, his family emigrated to Canada when he was three years old.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Marianne Macdonald",
"paragraph_text": "Marianne Macdonald (born July 9, 1934 in Kenora, Ontario) is a Canadian children's books author and novelist best known for her mystery series featuring London antiques bookstore owner and amateur investigator Dido Hoare.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Journey to the East",
"paragraph_text": "Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as \"Die Morgenlandfahrt\". This novel came directly after his biggest international success, \"Narcissus and Goldmund\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Nuremberg Chronicle",
"paragraph_text": "Latin scholars refer to it as Liber Chronicarum (Book of Chronicles) as this phrase appears in the index introduction of the Latin edition. English-speakers have long referred to it as the \"Nuremberg Chronicle\" after the city in which it was published. German-speakers refer to it as Die Schedelsche Weltchronik (Schedel's World History) in honour of its author.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Dead Stay Young",
"paragraph_text": "The Dead Stay Young (\"Die Toten Bleiben Jung\") is a 1949 novel by German author Anna Seghers. The book describes Communists secretly working in Germany between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "The Way Some People Die",
"paragraph_text": "The Way Some People Die is a detective mystery written in 1951 by American author Ross Macdonald. It is the third book featuring his private eye Lew Archer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Barbara Rylko-Bauer",
"paragraph_text": "Barbara Rylko-Bauer (born 1950) is a medical anthropologist and author who lives in the United States. She is an adjunct associate professor at Michigan State University's Department of Anthropology. She was born in 1950 in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and emigrated with her parents to the United States that same year.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Archie Frederick Collins",
"paragraph_text": "Archie Frederick Collins (January 8, 1869 – January 3, 1952), who generally went by A. Frederick Collins, was a prominent early American experimenter in wireless telephony and prolific author of books and articles covering a wide range of scientific and technical subjects. His reputation was tarnished in 1913 when he was convicted of mail fraud related to stock promotion. However, after serving a year in prison, he returned to writing, including, beginning in 1922, \"The Radio Amateur's Handbook\", which continued to be updated and published until the mid-1980s.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Frederick William FitzSimons",
"paragraph_text": "FitzSimons emigrated to South Africa in 1881 and was educated in Natal and then returned to Ireland to study medicine and surgery for three years. However, he returned to Pietermaritzburg in 1895 without qualifying.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Simone de la Chaume",
"paragraph_text": "In 1924, she became the first foreign player to win the Girls Amateur Championship and in 1927 the first to win the British Ladies Amateur, then the most prestigious tournament in British and European ladies' golf and an event her daughter, Catherine Lacoste, would also win 42 years later.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Protagonize",
"paragraph_text": "Protagonize is an online creative writing community based in Vancouver, BC, Canada. It was established in late December 2007. It is owned and operated by Taunt Media. The site caters to both amateur and experienced authors interested in online collaborative creative writing, and is currently home to over 43,800 works (pieces of writing) and 160,800 pages, and over 29,000 members from around the world.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
What was the year the author of The Amateur Emigrant perished?
|
[
{
"id": 164273,
"question": "The Amateur Emigrant >> author",
"answer": "Robert Louis Stevenson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 3
},
{
"id": 22041,
"question": "In what year did #1 die?",
"answer": "1894",
"paragraph_support_idx": 2
}
] |
1894
|
[] | true |
2hop__865507_22041
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Nuremberg Chronicle",
"paragraph_text": "Latin scholars refer to it as Liber Chronicarum (Book of Chronicles) as this phrase appears in the index introduction of the Latin edition. English-speakers have long referred to it as the \"Nuremberg Chronicle\" after the city in which it was published. German-speakers refer to it as Die Schedelsche Weltchronik (Schedel's World History) in honour of its author.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "A Daughter of Australia (1922 film)",
"paragraph_text": "A Daughter of Australia is a 1922 Australian silent film directed by Lawson Harris. It concerns a rich squatter, Arthur Fullerton (Charles Beethan), and his daughter, Barbara (Yvonne Paris).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "To Kill a Mockingbird",
"paragraph_text": "Lee had lost her mother, who suffered from mental illness, six years before she met Hohoff at Lippincott’s offices. Her father, a lawyer on whom Atticus was modeled, would die two years after the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "The Way Some People Die",
"paragraph_text": "The Way Some People Die is a detective mystery written in 1951 by American author Ross Macdonald. It is the third book featuring his private eye Lew Archer.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "The City of Dreaming Books",
"paragraph_text": "The City of Dreaming Books (original title: \"Die Stadt der Träumenden Bücher\") is the fourth novel in the Zamonia series written and illustrated by German author Walter Moers, but the third to be translated into English by John Brownjohn. The German version was released in Autumn 2004, and the English version followed in Autumn 2007. It is followed by two sequels, \"The Labyrinth of Dreaming Books\" (2011) and \"The Castle of Dreaming Books\" (TBA).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Chevrolet Silverado",
"paragraph_text": "The Chevrolet Silverado, and its mechanically identical cousin the GMC Sierra, are a series of full-size and heavy-duty pickup trucks manufactured by General Motors and introduced in 1998 as the successor to the long-running Chevrolet C/K line. The Silverado name was taken from a trim level previously used on its predecessor, the Chevrolet C/K pickup truck from 1975 through 1998. General Motors continues to offer a GMC-badged variant of the Chevrolet full-size pickup under the GMC Sierra name, first used in 1987 for its variant of the GMT400 platform trucks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "The Dead Stay Young",
"paragraph_text": "The Dead Stay Young (\"Die Toten Bleiben Jung\") is a 1949 novel by German author Anna Seghers. The book describes Communists secretly working in Germany between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Arlington)",
"paragraph_text": "Since 1921 the intent was to place a superstructure on top of the Tomb, but it was not until July 3, 1926, that Congress authorized the completion of the Tomb and the expenditure of $50,000 (with a completed cost of $48,000). A design competition was held and won by architect Lorimer Rich and sculptor Thomas Hudson Jones. An appropriation from Congress for the work was secured and on December 21, 1929, a contract for completion of the Tomb itself was entered into. The Tomb would consist of seven pieces of marble in four levels (cap, die, base and sub-base) of which the die is the largest block with the sculpting on all four sides.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Journey to the East",
"paragraph_text": "Journey to the East is a short novel by German author Hermann Hesse. It was first published in German in 1932 as \"Die Morgenlandfahrt\". This novel came directly after his biggest international success, \"Narcissus and Goldmund\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "In aller Stille",
"paragraph_text": "In aller Stille (\"in complete silence\") is the eleventh studio album by the German punk band Die Toten Hosen. It's the first studio album in 4 years. The cover was designed by Dirk Rudolph. The central theme for this album is energy.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Silverado (film)",
"paragraph_text": "Silverado is a 1985 American western film produced and directed by Lawrence Kasdan, written by Kasdan and his brother Mark. It stars Kevin Kline, Scott Glenn, Danny Glover and Kevin Costner. The supporting cast features Brian Dennehy, Rosanna Arquette, John Cleese, Jeff Goldblum and Linda Hunt.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Die Zeit, die Zeit",
"paragraph_text": "Die Zeit, die Zeit (The time, the time) is the name of a Novel by Martin Suter, that was published in September 2012 by Diogenes Verlag.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Chevrolet Silverado",
"paragraph_text": "In 2006, Chevrolet released a special edition Silverado SS under the name ``Intimidator SS ''(licensed by Dale Earnhardt Inc.) to honor the late Dale Earnhardt. The truck came with several minor appearance upgrades (rear spoiler, embroidered headrests, Intimidator custom badging), but was essentially just a regular Silverado SS. Of the 1,033 scheduled trucks, only 933 were made (the remaining 100 were sold as 2007 Silverado SS`` classic'' bodystyle trucks before the 2007.5 MY changeover. These trucks were only available in Black Onyx exterior but could be ordered with cloth or leather interior. Also features -",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Neue Rundschau",
"paragraph_text": "The Neue Rundschau, formerly Die neue Rundschau (), founded in 1890, is a quarterly German literary magazine that appears in the S. Fischer Verlag. With its over 100 years of continuous history, it is one of the oldest cultural publications in Europe.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "II - The Final Option",
"paragraph_text": "II - The Final Option is an album by the German band Die Krupps. It was released in 1993. A double CD special edition was released the same year, containing the same track listing with demo versions on the second CD.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Brett Moffitt",
"paragraph_text": "Brett Moffitt (born August 7, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver who currently competes full-time in the NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series, driving the No. 24 Chevrolet Silverado for GMS Racing, and part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 8 Chevrolet Camaro for JR Motorsports. He won Rookie of the Year Honors in 2015 in the Cup Series, and won the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series Championship.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Chevrolet C/K",
"paragraph_text": "The C/K was Chevrolet's full-size pickup truck line from October 1959 until 2002 in the United States, from 1964 to 2001 in Brazil, and from 1975 to 1982 in Chile. From 1959 to 1987, C/K was also the name of GMC's truck series; it switched to the name Sierra from 1988 to 1999 while sharing the C/K platform. The first Chevrolet pickup truck was introduced in 1924, though in-house designs did not appear until 1930. \"C\" indicated two-wheel drive and \"K\" indicated four-wheel drive. The aging C/K light-duty pickup truck was replaced with the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra names in 1999 in the United States and Canada, and 2001 in Brazil; the Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD heavy-duty pickup trucks followed. Until this time, the names Silverado and Sierra were used to identify the trim level of the C/K trucks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Gleaming the Cube",
"paragraph_text": "Gleaming the Cube (also known as A Brother's Justice and Skate or Die) is an American film released in 1989. It featured Christian Slater as Brian Kelly, a 16 - year - old skateboarder investigating the death of his adopted Vietnamese brother.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "The Silverado Squatters",
"paragraph_text": "The Silverado Squatters (1883) is Robert Louis Stevenson's travel memoir of his two-month honeymoon trip with Fanny Vandegrift (and her son Lloyd Osbourne) to Napa Valley, California, in 1880.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
In what year did the author of The Silverado Squatters die?
|
[
{
"id": 865507,
"question": "The Silverado Squatters >> author",
"answer": "Robert Louis Stevenson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 22041,
"question": "In what year did #1 die?",
"answer": "1894",
"paragraph_support_idx": 10
}
] |
1894
|
[] | true |
2hop__61529_22041
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Eric Brady",
"paragraph_text": "Eric Brady is a fictional character from the NBC Daytime soap opera Days of Our Lives. Eric's birth was portrayed on - screen in the episode of October 16, 1984, together with his twin sister's, Sami Brady. Initially played by a series of child actors, Jensen Ackles originated the role of adult Eric when the character was rapidly - aged from a pre-teen to a young adult in July 1997, under the pen of headwriter James E. Reilly. Ackles' Eric was seen for three years, until August 2000, when the character and Ackles departed. Eric was reintroduced in 2012, with actor Greg Vaughan.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Boston Garden",
"paragraph_text": "Boston Garden was an arena in Boston, Massachusetts. Designed by boxing promoter Tex Rickard, who also built the third iteration of New York's Madison Square Garden, it opened on November 17, 1928 as \"Boston Madison Square Garden\" (later shortened to just \"Boston Garden\") and outlived its original namesake by 30 years. It was above North Station, a train station which was originally a hub for the Boston and Maine Railroad and is now a hub for MBTA Commuter Rail and Amtrak trains.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Al-Qalam",
"paragraph_text": "al-Qalam (, “The Pen”) is the sixty-eighth chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an with 52 verses (āyāt). The Surat describes Allah's justice and the judgment day. Three important themes of this Surah are response to the opponents objections, warning and admonition to the disbelievers, and exhortation of patience to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Chronologically, this is the first appearance of any of the \"disjointed\" [i.e., single] letters (muqattaat) which precede a number of the surahs of the Qur'an while in Quranic Order this is the last surah to have the appearance of (muqattaat).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "Try Again (Aaliyah song)",
"paragraph_text": "``Try Again ''is a song by American recording artist Aaliyah. It was written by Static Major and Timothy Mosley, and produced by Timbaland. The song was released on February 22, 2000, as the lead single for the soundtrack to the film Romeo Must Die, and was later included on international pressings of the singer's self - titled album.`` Try Again'' features an intro in which Timbaland pays homage to Eric B. & Rakim by rapping the duo's opening verse from ``I Know You Got Soul ''.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Sheaffer",
"paragraph_text": "In 1912, Walter A. Sheaffer took his idea of a pen-filling apparatus that utilized a lever system and, with his life savings, founded the W.A. Sheaffer Pen Company in Fort Madison, Iowa. The company was established in the backroom of Mr. Sheaffer's jewelry store with seven employees, and was incorporated a year later, in 1913. By the 1930s, Sheaffer fountain pens were being advertised as the pen that \"fills instantly from any ink-well, with one touch of a finger. Cleans automatically when filling.\"",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing",
"paragraph_text": "``Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing ''is a Christian hymn written by the 18th century pastor and hymnodist Robert Robinson. Robert Robinson penned the words at age 22 in the year 1757.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "A Child's Garden of Verses",
"paragraph_text": "A Child's Garden of Verses is a collection of poetry for children about childhood, illness, play and solitude by the Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. The collection first appeared in 1885 under the title Penny Whistles, but has been reprinted many times, often in illustrated versions. It contains about 65 poems including the cherished classics ``Foreign Children, ''`` The Lamplighter,'' ``The Land of Counterpane, ''`` Bed in Summer,'' ``My Shadow ''and`` The Swing.''",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Samoa",
"paragraph_text": "Mission work in Samoa had begun in late 1830 by John Williams, of the London Missionary Society arriving in Sapapali'i from The Cook Islands and Tahiti. According to Barbara A. West, \"The Samoans were also known to engage in ‘headhunting', a ritual of war in which a warrior took the head of his slain opponent to give to his leader, thus proving his bravery.\" However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History: Eight Years of Trouble in Samoa, \"… the Samoans are gentle people.\"",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Ilm (Arabic)",
"paragraph_text": "In the Qur'an the word 'alim has occurred in 140 places, while al -' ilm in 27. In all, the total number of verses in which 'ilm or its derivatives and associated words are used is 704. The aids of knowledge such as book, pen, ink etc. amount to almost the same number. Qalam occurs in two places, al - kitab in 230 verses, among which al - kitab for al - Qur'an occurs in 81 verses. Other words associated with writing occur in 319 verses.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Golden PEN Award",
"paragraph_text": "The Golden PEN Award is a literary award established in 1993 by English PEN given annually to a British writer for \"a Lifetime's Distinguished Service to Literature\". The winner is chosen by the Board of English PEN. The award has previously been called the S.T. Dupont Golden Pen Award.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Giardino Botanico delle Alpi Orientali",
"paragraph_text": "The Giardino Botanico delle Alpi Orientali (6.25 hectares), also known as the Giardino Botanico di Monte Faverghera, is an alpine botanical garden located in the Corpo Forestale dello Stato die Belluno on Monte Faverghera, southeast of Nevegal, Province of Belluno, Veneto, Italy. It is open daily except Mondays in the warmer months; an admission fee is charged.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "My Family and Other Animals",
"paragraph_text": "My Family and Other Animals (1956) is an autobiographical work by British naturalist Gerald Durrell. It tells of the years that he lived as a child with his siblings and widowed mother on the Greek island of Corfu between 1935 and 1939. It describes the life of the Durrell family in a humorous manner, and explores the fauna of the island. It is the first and most well - known of Durrell's' Corfu trilogy, 'together with Birds, Beasts, and Relatives (1969) and The Garden of the Gods (1978).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Chapters and verses of the Bible",
"paragraph_text": "There are 23,145 verses in the Old Testament and 7,957 verses in the New Testament. This gives a total of 31,102 verses, which is an average of a little more than 26 verses per chapter.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Cullen Gardens and Miniature Village",
"paragraph_text": "Cullen Gardens & Miniature Village was a popular tourist attraction in Whitby, Ontario, Canada. Officially opened in May 1980 by founder Len Cullen and his wife, Connie, the Gardens were a major tourist attraction in Whitby for 25 years.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Bhagavad Gita",
"paragraph_text": "Bhagavad Gita comprises 18 chapters (section 25 to 42) in the Bhishma Parva of the epic Mahabharata and consists of 700 verses. Because of differences in recensions, the verses of the Gita may be numbered in the full text of the Mahabharata as chapters 6.25 -- 42 or as chapters 6.23 -- 40. According to the recension of the Gita commented on by Adi Shankara, a prominent philosopher of the Vedanta school, the number of verses is 700, but there is evidence to show that old manuscripts had 745 verses. The verses themselves, composed with similes and metaphors, are poetic in nature. The verses mostly employ the range and style of the Sanskrit Anustubh metre (chhandas), and in a few expressive verses the Tristubh metre is used.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "The Brady Bunch",
"paragraph_text": "The theme song, penned by Schwartz and Frank De Vol, and originally arranged, sung, and performed by Paul Parrish, Lois Fletcher, and John Beland under the name the Peppermint Trolley Company, quickly communicated to audiences that the Bradys were a blended family. The Brady family is shown in a tic - tac - toe board with Carol on the top center, Alice in the middle block, and Mike on bottom middle. To the right are three blocks with the boys from the oldest on top to the youngest. To the left are three blocks with the girls from the oldest to the youngest. In season two, the Brady kids took over singing the theme song. In season three, the boys sing the first verse, girls sing the second verse, and all sing together for the third and last verse. The sequence was created and filmed by Howard A. Anderson, Jr., a visual effects pioneer who worked on the title sequences for many popular television series.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Child pornography laws in Japan",
"paragraph_text": "Child pornography laws in Japan outlaw child pornography. The production, sale, distribution, and commercialization of child pornography is illegal under Article 7 of the Act on Punishment of Activities Relating to Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, and the Protection of Children and is punishable by a maximum penalty of five years in prison and/or a fine of ¥5,000,000. Possession of child pornography with any intent of distribution and sale is also illegal.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Ballarat Botanical Gardens",
"paragraph_text": "The Ballarat Botanical Gardens Reserve, located on the western shore of picturesque Lake Wendouree, in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia, covers an area of 40 hectares which is divided into three distinct zones. The central Botanical Gardens reserve in the 'gardenesque' style of the Victorian pleasure garden. On either side there are open parkland buffers known as the North and South Gardens. The Gardens celebrated its sesquicentenary (150 years old) in 2007.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Amazing Grace",
"paragraph_text": "Another verse was first recorded in Harriet Beecher Stowe's immensely influential 1852 anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin. Three verses were emblematically sung by Tom in his hour of deepest crisis. He sings the sixth and fifth verses in that order, and Stowe included another verse not written by Newton that had been passed down orally in African American communities for at least 50 years. It was originally one of between 50 and 70 verses of a song titled ``Jerusalem, My Happy Home ''that first appeared in a 1790 book called A Collection of Sacred Ballads:",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom",
"paragraph_text": "Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom, (Beatrice Mary Victoria Feodore; later Princess Henry of Battenberg; 14 April 1857 – 26 October 1944) was the fifth daughter and youngest child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. Beatrice was the last of Queen Victoria's children to die, 66 years after the first, her elder sister Alice.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
In what year did the author of A Child's Garden of Verses die?
|
[
{
"id": 61529,
"question": "who penned a child's garden of verses",
"answer": "Robert Louis Stevenson",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
},
{
"id": 22041,
"question": "In what year did #1 die?",
"answer": "1894",
"paragraph_support_idx": 7
}
] |
1894
|
[] | true |
2hop__142156_438832
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Luftwaffe Commander",
"paragraph_text": "Luftwaffe Commander is a Microsoft Windows-based World War 2 theme combat flight simulation created by Strategic Simulations, Inc. and released in 1999 but copyrighted in 1998.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Shazzan",
"paragraph_text": "Shazzan is an American animated television series, created by Alex Toth and produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions that aired on CBS from September 9, 1967 to September 6, 1969. The series follows the adventures of two teenage siblings, Chuck and Nancy, traveling around a mystical Arabian world, mounted on Kaboobie the flying camel. During their journey they face several dangers, but they are aided by Shazzan, a genie with magical powers.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "List of A Series of Unfortunate Events characters",
"paragraph_text": "In the 2017 TV series, she is portrayed by Malina Weissman. She is much more kind to her siblings as she does n't fight with Klaus like she does in The Wide Window episodes.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "We Bare Bears",
"paragraph_text": "We Bare Bears is an American animated sitcom created by Daniel Chong for Cartoon Network. The show follows three bear siblings, Grizzly, Panda and Ice Bear (respectively voiced by Eric Edelstein, Bobby Moynihan, and Demetri Martin), and their awkward attempts at integrating with the human world in the San Francisco Bay Area. Based on Chong's webcomic The Three Bare Bears, the pilot episode made its world premiere at the KLIK! Amsterdam Animation Festival, where it won in the ``Young Amsterdam Audience ''category. The series premiered on July 27, 2015. Nintendo has also partnered with Cartoon Network to make ads of the show's characters playing the Nintendo Switch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Adolescence",
"paragraph_text": "During childhood, siblings are a source of conflict and frustration as well as a support system. Adolescence may affect this relationship differently, depending on sibling gender. In same-sex sibling pairs, intimacy increases during early adolescence, then remains stable. Mixed-sex siblings pairs act differently; siblings drift apart during early adolescent years, but experience an increase in intimacy starting at middle adolescence. Sibling interactions are children's first relational experiences, the ones that shape their social and self-understanding for life. Sustaining positive sibling relations can assist adolescents in a number of ways. Siblings are able to act as peers, and may increase one another's sociability and feelings of self-worth. Older siblings can give guidance to younger siblings, although the impact of this can be either positive or negative depending on the activity of the older sibling.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Rubber Duck (sculpture)",
"paragraph_text": "Rubber Duck refers to any of several giant floating sculptures designed by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman. These were built in various sizes, ranging from the prototype, which measured 1 inch, to the one created in 2007 that is the largest rubber duck in the world.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Windows 8",
"paragraph_text": "New features and functionality in Windows 8 include a faster startup through UEFI integration and the new \"Hybrid Boot\" mode (which hibernates the Windows kernel on shutdown to speed up the subsequent boot), a new lock screen with a clock and notifications, and the ability for enterprise users to create live USB versions of Windows (known as Windows To Go). Windows 8 also adds native support for USB 3.0 devices, which allow for faster data transfers and improved power management with compatible devices, and hard disk 4KB Advanced Format support, as well as support for near field communication to facilitate sharing and communication between devices.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Hyper-V",
"paragraph_text": "Microsoft Hyper - V, codenamed Viridian and formerly known as Windows Server Virtualization, is a native hypervisor; it can create virtual machines on x86 - 64 systems running Windows. Starting with Windows 8, Hyper - V superseded Windows Virtual PC as the hardware virtualization component of the client editions of Windows NT. A server computer running Hyper - V can be configured to expose individual virtual machines to one or more networks.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "The Drinkard Singers",
"paragraph_text": "The Drinkard Singers were an American gospel singing group, most successful in the late 1950s and important in the careers of singers Cissy Houston, Dionne Warwick, Dee Dee Warwick, and Judy Clay.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "AppLocale",
"paragraph_text": "AppLocale is a tool for Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 by Microsoft. It is a launcher application that makes it possible to run non-Unicode (code page-based) applications in a locale of the user's choice. Since changing the locale normally requires a restart of Windows, AppLocale is especially popular with western users of Asian applications. The program installs itself in a subfolder of the Windows directory called \"AppPatch\", and when launched prompts the user for an executable to run and the desired codepage. It can also create a shortcut in the start menu, located under Microsoft AppLocale, however you will be prompted by AppLocale before the program's launch.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Gabriel Loire",
"paragraph_text": "Gabriel Loire (April 21, 1904 – December 25, 1996) was a French stained glass artist of the twentieth century whose extensive works, portraying various persons or historical scenes, appear in many venues around the world. He founded the Loire Studio in Chartres, France which continues to produce stained glass windows. Loire was a leader in the modern use of \"slab glass\" (French: \"dalle de verre\"), which is much thicker and stronger than the stained glass technique of the Middle Ages. The figures in his windows are mostly Impressionistic in style.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Bow window",
"paragraph_text": "A bow window or compass window is a curved bay window. Bow windows are designed to create space by projecting beyond the exterior wall of a building, and to provide a wider view of the garden or street outside and typically combine four or more casement windows, which join together to form an arch, differentiating itself from the more common bay window which typically features 3 casement windows.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Hagen Kleinert",
"paragraph_text": "As an alternative to string theory, Kleinert used the complete analogy between non-Euclidean geometry and the geometry of crystals with defects to construct a model of the universe called the World Crystal or Planck-Kleinert crystal. In this model, matter creates defects in spacetime which generate curvature. This curvature reproduces all the effects of general relativity, but leads to different physics than string theory at the scale of the Planck length. This theory inspired Italian artist Laura Pesce to create glass sculptures entitled \"world crystal\" (see also lower left on this page).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "The Windows of the World",
"paragraph_text": "The Windows of the World is the title of the eighth studio album by Dionne Warwick, released August 1967 when the title cut was in the Top 40.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Ragnarok Battle Offline",
"paragraph_text": "Ragnarok Battle Offline is a beat 'em up game for Microsoft Windows created by dōjin soft developer French-Bread. The soundtrack is composed by Raito of Lisa-Rec. It is a homage and a spoof of the massively multiplayer online role-playing game \"Ragnarok Online\" created by South Korean developer Gravity Corporation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Alice Aycock",
"paragraph_text": "Alice Aycock (born November 20, 1946) is an American sculptor and installation artist. She was an early artist in the land art movement in the 1970s, and has created many large-scale metal sculptures around the world. Aycock's drawings and sculptures of architectural and mechanical fantasies combine logic and imagination, and intermingle science and faith.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Westminster Abbey",
"paragraph_text": "At the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Aruna Reddy",
"paragraph_text": "Budda Aruna Reddy (born 25 December 1995) is an Indian female artistic gymnast, representing at international competitions. She won bronze medal in 2018 World Cup Gymnastics in women's vault event in Melbourne. She created history by becoming the first Indian to clinch a medal at Gymnastics World Cup. She competed at world championships, including the 2013 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Antwerp, Belgium.. She is supported by GoSports Foundation thhrough the Rahul Dravid athlete mentorship programme",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Five Nights at Freddy's",
"paragraph_text": "Five Nights at Freddy's (often abbreviated to FNaF) is a media franchise based around an indie video game series created, designed, developed, and published by Scott Cawthon for Microsoft Windows, iOS, and Android.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Frederick Vincent Ellis",
"paragraph_text": "Frederick Vincent Ellis (5 February 1892 – 8 November 1961) was a New Zealand artist and art teacher. His works of notable stained glass windows include the war memorial windows in the Auckland War Memorial Museum, the World War I memorial window in the Hunter Building of Victoria University of Wellington, and windows in the First Presbyterian Church, Dunedin, and Timaru Boys' High School.",
"is_supporting": false
}
] |
Who is the sibling of the artist that created The Windows of the World?
|
[
{
"id": 142156,
"question": "What artist created The Windows of the World?",
"answer": "Dionne Warwick",
"paragraph_support_idx": 13
},
{
"id": 438832,
"question": "#1 >> sibling",
"answer": "Dee Dee Warwick",
"paragraph_support_idx": 8
}
] |
Dee Dee Warwick
|
[] | true |
2hop__155940_53204
|
[
{
"idx": 0,
"title": "Fluvià",
"paragraph_text": "The Fluvià () is a river in Catalonia. It rises in the Serralada Transversal, passes through Olot, and flows into the Mediterranean Sea near Sant Pere Pescador. The ancient city of Empúries was founded near the mouth of the Fluvià, when it was 6 km south of its present location.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 1,
"title": "Syas River",
"paragraph_text": "The Syas River () is a river in Lyubytinsky District of Novgorod Oblast and Tikhvinsky and Volkhovsky Districts of Leningrad Oblast, Russia. The Syas River flows from Valdai Hills north into Lake Ladoga. A town of Syasstroy is located at its mouth. It is long, and the area of its basin . The largest tributary of the Syas is the Tikhvinka River (right).",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 2,
"title": "Cheakamus River",
"paragraph_text": "The Cheakamus River (pron. CHEEK-a-mus) is a tributary of the Squamish River, beginning on the west slopes of Outlier Peak in Garibaldi Provincial Park upstream from Cheakamus Lake on the southeastern outskirts of the resort area of Whistler. The river flows into Cheakamus Lake before exiting it and flowing northwest until it turns south and enters Daisy Lake. Between the outlet of Daisy Lake and its mouth, much of its length is spent going through Cheakamus Canyon, where the river flows through swift rapids and even one good sized waterfall. The river flows south from the lake and through the canyon before joining the Squamish River at Cheekye, a few miles north of the town of Squamish. The river's name is an anglicization of the name of Chiyakmesh (\"people of the fish weir\"), a village of the Squamish people and a reserve of the Squamish Nation.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 3,
"title": "In the Mouth of Madness",
"paragraph_text": "In the Mouth of Madness is a 1994 American horror film directed and scored by John Carpenter and written by Michael De Luca. It stars Sam Neill, Julie Carmen, Jürgen Prochnow, David Warner and Charlton Heston. Informally, the film is the third installment in Carpenter's \"Apocalypse Trilogy\", preceded by \"The Thing\" and \"Prince of Darkness\".",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 4,
"title": "Igaraçu River",
"paragraph_text": "The Igaraçu River, also called the Igarassu River, is a distributary of the Parnaíba River in northern Piauí state in Brazil. It flows from its origin on the Parnaiba River southwest of the city of Parnaíba to the mouth on the Atlantic Ocean near the city of Luís Correia.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 5,
"title": "Betka River",
"paragraph_text": "The Betka River rises south of in the Croajingolong National Park, just east of the Princes Highway, and flows generally northeast, then southeast, then east by north, before reaching its mouth with Bass Strait north of the Aerodrome in the Shire of East Gippsland. The river descends over its course.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 6,
"title": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_text": "By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters as various parts of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, instead. However, according to Commodore John Leech of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), this situation has no scientific sense since it has different ecosystem and life from the three oceans mentioned before and is located on a southern portion of Earth, hence the name of an ocean. This remains the current official policy of the IHO, since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally - fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.",
"is_supporting": true
},
{
"idx": 7,
"title": "Murrumbidgee River",
"paragraph_text": "Murrumbidgee River (), a major tributary of the Murray River within the Murray–Darling basin and the second longest river in Australia. It flows through the Australian state of New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. It descends as it flows in a west-northwesterly direction from the foot of Peppercorn Hill in the Fiery Range of the Snowy Mountains towards its confluence with the Murray River near Boundary Bend.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 8,
"title": "Júcar",
"paragraph_text": "River Júcar flows first southward and then eastward through the towns of Cuenca, Alcalá del Júcar, Cofrentes, Alzira, Sueca and Cullera, a town located near its mouth into the Gulf of Valencia, Mediterranean Sea. It crosses the provinces of Cuenca, Albacete and Valencia",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 9,
"title": "Wanapitei River",
"paragraph_text": "The river's source is Scotia Lake, a small lake east of Halfway Lake Provincial Park in Sudbury District. From there, it flows north and east, taking in two small tributaries and continuing to a point 20 kilometres southwest of the Ishpatina Ridge, where it turns south. After approximately 60 kilometres, the river flows into Lake Wanapitei in the northeastern portion of Greater Sudbury. At the south end of the lake, the river continues, flowing south until it joins the French River near the latter's mouth on Georgian Bay on Lake Huron. The river is approximately in length and is a popular wilderness canoeing route.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 10,
"title": "Cooper Creek",
"paragraph_text": "The Cooper Creek (formerly Cooper's Creek) is one of the most famous rivers in Australia because it was the site of the death of the explorers Burke and Wills in 1861. It is sometimes known as the Barcoo River from one of its tributaries and is one of three major Queensland river systems that flow into the Lake Eyre basin. The flow of the creek depends on monsoonal rains falling months earlier and many hundreds of kilometres away in eastern Queensland. At in length it is the second longest inland river system in Australia after the Murray-Darling system.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 11,
"title": "Marlo, Victoria",
"paragraph_text": "Marlo is a small village in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. It is located east near the mouth of the Snowy River where the Snowy River meets and flows into the Southern Ocean.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 12,
"title": "Capel River",
"paragraph_text": "An artificial river mouth was cut through the sand dunes adjacent to the Stirling Wetlands in 1880 to allow it to flow directly into Geographe Bay.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 13,
"title": "Murray River",
"paragraph_text": "The Murray River (or River Murray) (Ngarrindjeri: Millewa, Yorta Yorta: Tongala) is Australia's longest river, at 2,508 kilometres (1,558 mi) in length. The Murray rises in the Australian Alps, draining the western side of Australia's highest mountains, and then meanders across Australia's inland plains, forming the border between the states of New South Wales and Victoria as it flows to the northwest into South Australia. It turns south at Morgan for its final 315 kilometres (196 mi), reaching the ocean at Lake Alexandrina.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 14,
"title": "Mouth Maze Cave",
"paragraph_text": "Mouth Maze Cave is a large, labyrinthine river cave in Trelawny, Jamaica. It is the only exit of the Mouth River from a small valley which, during intense rainfall, becomes flooded as the flow backs up. Because of this it can only safely be visited in very dry periods.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 15,
"title": "Yeerung River",
"paragraph_text": "Formed by the confluence of the Yeerung River West Branch and the Yeerung River East Branch, the Yeerung River rises in the Cape Conran Coastal Park, and flows generally south before reaching its mouth with Bass Strait, east of Cape Conran in the Shire of East Gippsland. The river descends over its course.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 16,
"title": "Red River of the South",
"paragraph_text": "The Red River is the second - largest river basin in the southern Great Plains. It rises in two branches in the Texas Panhandle and flows east, where it acts as the border between the states of Texas and Oklahoma. It forms a short border between Texas and Arkansas before entering Arkansas, turning south near Fulton, Arkansas, and flowing into Louisiana, where it flows into the Atchafalaya River. The total length of the river is 1,360 miles (2,190 km), with a mean flow of over 57,000 cubic feet per second (1,600 m / s) at the mouth.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 17,
"title": "Saloum River",
"paragraph_text": "The Saloum River rises about 105 kilometers east of Kaolack, Senegal, and flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The significant Saloum Delta is located at its mouth, which is protected as Saloum Delta National Park. The river basin lies within the Serer pre-colonial Kingdom of Saloum.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 18,
"title": "Benedore River",
"paragraph_text": "The Benedore River rises in the Benedore River Reference Area and flows generally south southeast, through the Seal Creek Reference Area, before reaching its mouth with Bass Strait within the Croajingolong National Park in the Shire of East Gippsland. The river descends over its course.",
"is_supporting": false
},
{
"idx": 19,
"title": "Murray Mouth",
"paragraph_text": "Murray Mouth is the point at which the River Murray meets the Southern Ocean. The Murray Mouth's location is changeable. Historical records show that the channel out to sea moves along the sand dunes over time. At times of greater river flow and rough seas, the two bodies of water would erode the sand dunes to create a new channel leaving the old one to silt and disappear.",
"is_supporting": true
}
] |
When did the ocean that the Murray Mouth flows into become a thing?
|
[
{
"id": 155940,
"question": "What does Murray Mouth flow into?",
"answer": "Southern Ocean",
"paragraph_support_idx": 19
},
{
"id": 53204,
"question": "when did #1 become a thing",
"answer": "the 1770s",
"paragraph_support_idx": 6
}
] |
the 1770s
|
[] | true |
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